{"data":[{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":358,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tasseled Cap potential for age monitoring in Salix babylonica afforestation stands","resumen":"At a landscape scale, remote sensing becomes a powerful tool for estimating biophysical parameters for forest assessment. In this sense, several indices, like the Tasseled Cap (TC) transformation had been used. The aim of this study is to evaluate the capability of TC transformation of Landsat ETM+ data to distinguish between different \u2013aged afforestation stands of Salix babylonica in the Paraná River Delta Region, Argentina, where plantation forestry with Salix sp. and Populus sp. is the principal economic activity. In order to achieve this objective, linear regression models were constructed relating multi-temporal Landsat TC data with stand age. The regression equation showing the best fit was selected, and its inverse equation was calculated. The coefficients derived from the inverse equation were used as constant factors for the linear transformation of the corresponding TC image, obtaining a map of forest stand ages. From a total of 42 linear regressions performed, 21 were significative, with 9 equations corresponding to TC Wetness, 8 to TC Brightness and 4 to TC Greenness. January TC Brightness was the band that better fitted and a stand age map was produced using the correspondent inverse regression model. Results indicate that January TC Brightness showed to be good predictor of stand age.","palabras_clave":"REMOTE SENSING|LANDSAT|MONITORING|TASSELED CAP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1096,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reconciling pre-Columbian settlement hypotheses requires integrative, multidisciplinary, and model-bound approaches","resumen":"Reconciling pre-Columbian settlement hypotheses requires integrative, multidisciplinary, and model-bound approaches","palabras_clave":"pre-Columbian settlement"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1219,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?Predicción de la duración de la carrera de Agrimensura de la  FACENA-UNNE?.","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo es construir un modelo matemático para predecir la duración de la carrera Agrimensura de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (FACENA - UNNE). Para ello se utilizó el método de regresión lineal múltiple y se diseñó un modelo en el cual la variable dependiente es la duración de la carrera y las variables independientes son los tiempos requeridos por los graduados en el período 2001 - 2011 para aprobar cada una de las asignaturas de la currícula.Los tiempos de aprobación de Algebra, Algebra Lineal y Geometría y Análisis Matemático explicaron el 89% de la variación de la duración de la carrera. Como estas asignaturas corresponden al primer año de estudios, se corrió el modelo obtenido para los no graduados que, en el período, habían aprobado todas las asignaturas de primer año, obteniéndose duraciones media y mediana similares a las halladas para los graduados.Puede concluirse que el modelo construido puede utilizarse con fines predictivos para estimar la duración de la carrera, puesto que la misma está fuertemente vinculada con el tiempo requerido para completar el trayecto de formación matemática, el cual se circunscribe al primer año de estudios.","palabras_clave":"Duración de estudios universitarios|Rendimiento académico|Regresión lineal Múltiple"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1290,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"As bioaccumulation in southern Argentinean species by SR-TXRF","resumen":"Arsenic is an abundant toxic metal in our environment and transported by water, which is the primary pathway of exposure for plants and animals, including humans. Throughout Argentina, As is a natural contaminant of many groundwater and some river beds where many species and about 4 million people are exposed to arsenic concentrations much higher than 0.010 mg\/L. Although arsenic toxicology is well described for mammal models and humans, studies in other environments such as those affecting aquatic organisms are rare in Argentina. Argentinian toad (Rhinella arenarum) is an interesting biomarker of ecological impact of freshwater contamination because, as most of the amphibians, they are in close contact with water during the early stages of life and have contact with land as adults. So, they may serve as a critical link in the biotransfer of arsenic within both, aquatic and terrestrial communities. On the other hand, filter feeders specie as krill and bivalves are an important element of the food chain within marine ecosystems. For that, arsenic accumulated by R. arenarum, Diplodon chilensis (river´s clams), Mytilus edulis (mussels), and Euphausia superb (Antarctic krill) was measured by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in grazing incidence geometry (SR-TXRF) at the D09B-XRF beamline from the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). Argentinian toad oocytes, obtained by in vitro fecundation, were incubated in Ringer solution containing 0 (control) or 1 µg\/ml As up to larval life stage. Oxidative damage was also determined along development. Clams, mussels and krill were collected in the ?Río Negro, Patagonia? river, ?Las Grutas, Patagonia? beach and ?Isla 25 de Mayo, Antártida? coast, respectively. We found up to 54 µg\/g of dry weight of As in toad larvae accompanied by decreased antioxidant capacity. The highest As concentration in naturally exposed specie was 13.71 µg\/g of dry weight, which was found in mussels. In an ecologic context, the As accumulation in these organisms, may have important implications and should be further investigated.","palabras_clave":"BIOACCUMULATION|ARSENIC|SYNCHROTRON|XRF"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1380,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Enfermedades de Yerba Mate y Té en Misiones y Norte de Corrientes","resumen":"Los cultivos de yerba mate y té contribuyen significativamente a la economía de la región, siendo ambas actividades dos de las principales del sector agroindustrial de la provincia de Misiones y zonas aledañas (norte de Corrientes). El estudio de las enfermedades de yerba mate en Argentina fue iniciado por Spegazzini (1908)y, hasta nuestro conocimiento, la última publicación es de Rivera Flores en 1983. Debido a que existía escasa información actualizada de las enfermedades presentes, se realizó un relevamiento sistemático de las mismas en Misiones y Corrientes. Los resultados se presentan en este trabajo.","palabras_clave":"micosis|cultivos regionales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1440,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El desarrollo de la autonomía de los alumnos de Inglés con Fines Específicos.","resumen":"Los  aspectos  cognoscitivos  y  afectivos  son  importantes  y  tienen  una influencia decisiva en el aprendizaje de una Segunda Lengua (L2). En los últimos años, ha surgido un notable interés por otorgarles  a los alumnos una participación más activa en su propio proceso de aprendizaje. El profesor no es el único que aporta  información  en  este  proceso,  sino  que  el  alumno  también  aporta  sus propios  conocimientos  y  opiniones  para  lograr  un  aprendizaje  más  efectivo  y significativo. La valoración positiva y el autoconocimiento conjuntamente con la confi anza en sí mismo se constituyen en características de la personalidad del estudiante universitario, determinantes de un desempeño académico autónomo. El problema de investigación se orienta a entender si el estudiante de Inglés con Fines Específicos puede responsabilizarse de su aprendizaje en la medida que el docente facilite el desarrollo de su autonomía. Como objetivo se plantea analizar pensamientos, sentimientos y actitudes de los estudiantes de la carrera de  Profesorado  y  Licenciatura  en  Filosofía  y  Ciencias  de  la  Educación  de  la Universidad Nacional de Catamarca para mejorar el aprendizaje dela L2. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa-descriptiva y para abordar el estudio científico se elaboró un cuestionario que busca aproximarse a  las características personales y de estudio del alumno en el proceso de aprendizaje de Inglés Específico. Las observaciones realizadas y los datos recopilados dan cuenta de que el desarrollo de la autonomía en los alumnos enriquece la personalidad estudiantil, su autoconcepto y mejora su aprendizaje. Al mismo tiempo contribuye positivamente en el desempeño académico.","palabras_clave":"autoconcepto|autonomía|desempeño académico|segunda lengua"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1502,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reduced Methacholine-induced submandibular salivary secretion in rats with experimental periodontitis","resumen":"Objective: Saliva is the first barrier to the entry of bacteria and viruses into the body and is  considered a necessary instrument in oral health. Intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide  endotoxins results in submandibular gland (SMG) hyposalivation. The objective of  present studies was to assess if periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by oral  bacteria, alters cholinergic-induced SMG salivary secretion.  Design: Anexperimentalperiodontitismodel (EP) (cottonthread ligature aroundthe neckof the  first lowermolars)was used.MaleWistar rats (300\u2013380 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups:  control, 7days-bilateral EPand 7days-unilateralEP (tostudy if thereweredifferent effectsat the  ipsilateral and contralateral side). The following determinations were performed in SMG: (1)  dose\u2013response curves to the cholinergic agonist methacholine, (2) prostaglandin E (PGE)  content, (3) inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and (4) histology of gland sections.  Results: The molars with EP, no matter the group, exhibited significant and similar bone loss  ( p < 0.001). Bilateral EP reduced methacholine-induced salivary secretion ( p < 0.05, dose  1 mg\/kg; p < 0.001, dose 3\u201330 mg\/kg), increased PGE content ( p < 0.01), stimulated iNOS  activity ( p < 0.05). Ipsilateral glands of unilateral EP animals presented lower methacholine-  induced salivary secretion ( p < 0.05, dose 3 mg\/kg; p < 0.001, dose 10\u201330 mg\/kg), and  higher PGE content than contralaterals ( p < 0.001). In turn, at 3 and 10 mg\/kg of methacholine,  contralateral glands showed significantly lower secretion than control animals  ( p < 0.001). Histological studies of glands revealed partial loss of secretor granular material  and periductal oedema in the bilateral and unilateral EP groups as compared to controls.  Conclusions: As far as we know, the present results demonstrate for the first time that EP  reduces methacholine-induced SMG salivary secretion.","palabras_clave":"ENFERMEDAD PERIODONTAL|SECRECION SALIVAR|iNOS|PGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1520,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Directora de la publicación electrónica del Observatorio Social","resumen":"Universidad Nacional de La Matanza. Observatorio Social. Dirección la publicación electrónica. 'Síntesis Clave'. Cuenta con la 205 Publicación. www.observatoriosocial.unlam . En preparación marzo 2015.  La SINTESIS, es un espacio de reflexión que mediante el espacio virtual procura llegar a comunidad, organizaciones sociales y a referentes políticos. Trata de temas específicos sobre la políticas de gobierno municipal con impacto territorial y se procura información con base a portales electrónicos proveer de la misma sobre el tema de interés que se trate. Según la problemática se entrevista a investigadores, sobre todo de la UNLaM a ofrecer sus consideraciones. Esta publicación tuvo su inicio en el año 2007 y ha sido constante en su edición. Puedo consultarse en www.unlam.edu.ar","palabras_clave":"DESARROLLO SOCIAL|INTEGRACION REGIONAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1565,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Novel set of vectorcardiographic parameters  for the identification of ischemic patients","resumen":"New signal processing techniques have enabled the use of the vectorcardiogram (VCG) for the detection of cardiac ischemia. Thus, we studied this signal during ventricular depolarization in 80 ischemic patients, before undergoing angioplasty, and 52 healthy subjects with the objective of evaluating the vectorcardiographic difference between both groups so leading to their subsequent classification. For that matter, seven QRS-loop parameters were analyzed, i.e: a) Maximum Vector Magnitude; b) Volume; c) Planar Area; d) Maximum Distance between Centroid and Loop; e) Angle between XY and Optimum Plane; f) Perimeter and, g) Area-Perimeter Ratio. For comparison, the conventional ST-Vector Magnitude (STVM) was also calculated. Results indicate that several vectorcardiographic parameters show significant differences between healthy and ischemic subjects. The identification of ischemic patients via discriminant analysis using STVM produced 73.2% Sensitivity (Sens) and 73.9% Specificity (Spec). In our study, the QRS-loop parameter with the best global performance was Volume, which achieved Sens = 64.5% and Spec = 74.6%. However, when all QRS-loop parameters and STVM&nbsp;were combined, we obtained Sens = 88.5% and Spec = 92.1%. In conclusion, QRS loop parameters can be accepted as a complement to conventional STVM analysis in the identification of ischemic patients.","palabras_clave":"Vectorcardiography|Ischemic patients|Digital Signal Processing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1609,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Minor Planet Observations","resumen":"Minor Planet Observations [829 Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito].","palabras_clave":"no se utiliza en esta publicación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1656,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationships between rheological properties, texture and structure of apple (Granny Smith var.) affected by blanching and\/or osmotic dehydration","resumen":"The objective of this work was to evaluate and  correlate rheological properties (small-scale dynamic oscillatory  and creep\/recovery measurements and large-scale  compression force-deformation testing), texture (sensory  evaluation by trained panel) and structure (optical and  transmission electronic microscopy observations) of apples  osmotically dehydrated to water activity (aw) 0.97 with  glucose, with or without previous blanching. All apple  samples showed a solid behavior (G&#8242;>G&#8243;) dominating the  viscoelastic response, but both dynamic moduli were  reduced due to processing. The instantaneous elastic  compliance (J0) and the retarded compliances (J1 and J2)  increased for treated tissues and the steady-state viscosity  (&#951;N) was approximately 15% to 29% of the value of fresh  apple. In general, compression parameters decreased for all  treated tissues. Changes in structural features were mainly  evidenced in heated samples. Partial least squares regression  analysis regression models revealed that texture could  be well predicted by rheological properties (compression  and creep parameters). Juiciness, crispness and sensory  hardness were negatively correlated to J0, J1 and J2, and &#951;N  was negatively correlated to sensory fracturability. Some  mechanical parameters (fracturability, hardness 2, area 2,  modulus of deformability and cohesiveness) were positively  related to sensory fracturability, crispness and sensory  hardness; and juiciness was negatively correlated to hardness.  Compression and creep parameters showed ability to evidence  structure differences (rupture of membranes, swelling of cells  and degradation of cell walls) and to explain texture of treated  apples","palabras_clave":"APPLE|BLANCHING|OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION|RHEOLOGY|TEXTURE|ULTRA AND MICROSTRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1688,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La música para piano del Romanticismo en la Argentina del siglo XIX:  Generaciones olvidadas de compositores nacidos entre los años 1820 y 1855.","resumen":"El presente trabajo se centra en la producción de obras para piano de las generaciones de compositores románticos de la segunda mitad del Siglo XIX en la Argentina, quienes actuaron entre las generaciones de Esnaola, Alberdi y Alcorta y la de Williams, Aguirre, los hermanos Berutti, etc. Son, por tanto, autores nacidos entre los años 1820 y 1855 y olvidados a lo largo de todo el Siglo XX. Podemos nombrar entre otros a  Francisco Hargreaves, Miguel Rojas, Gabriel Diez, Dalmiro Costa, Saturnino Berón, Telésforo Cabero, Ignacio Alvarez, Alfredo Napoleón, Luis Bernasconi y Zenón Rolón. Los consideramos músicos profesionales y los primeros en estilizar lenguajes nacionales. Recolectamos parte de su valiosa producción pianística, dándola a conocer para que se integre al acervo pianístico de la historia musical argentina. Reflotamos la importante acción que tuvieron en la historia de la enseñanza musical privada e institucional en nuestro país.","palabras_clave":"PIANO|GENERACIONES|OBRAS|OLVIDO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1705,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Silurian-Devonian coral associations across a sequence stratigraphic boundary in the Argentine Precordillera","resumen":"Silurian and Devonian corals occur abundantly in siliciclastic rocks of the Argentine Precordillera. They are distributed along a Silurian storm-dominated shallow water platform, a transitional restricted nearshore environment, and a Devonian muddy platform setting. Four main associations of rugose and tabulate corals have been recorded: a Silurian association, a lowermost Devonian and two associations in Lower Devonian rocks. The Silurian shallow-water platform coral association shows abundant colonies of a tabulate pleurodictyform coral. The type and the domical form of corals indicate high energy environments. The lowermost Devonian coral association shows the abundance of the tabulate coral Argentinella argentina, which could have formed patches in protected low-energy environments. The Lower Devonian coral associations correspond to a muddy platform environment. The first one includes rugose and hemispherical tabulate corals and the second is composed of tabulate corals assigned to Parastriatopora sanjuanina, and Parastriatopora sp. They are long stick-like, fasciculate forms, grouped in apparently life position. Rugose and tabulate corals in the Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian of Argentina constitute low-diversity associations  of western Gondwana, developed in mid- to high-latitudes. The morphologies acquired by corals are related to water energy. Laminar or encrusting forms were more competitive in the Silurian shallow-water, high-energy environments. Slender branching forms with a high profile typically inhabited Devonian relatively deeper water or protected settings. The stratigraphic distribution observed partially followed the well known pattern in which shallow-water faunas disappeared during regressive events and are replaced by new forms in the subsequent transgressive sequence. The turnover pattern detected across the Silurian-Devonian transitional interval is in agreement with that previously recognized on the basis of the accompanying fauna.","palabras_clave":"Silurian | Devonian | corals|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1716,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Clinical, metabolic and psychological outcomes and treatment costs of a prospective randomized trial based on different educational strategies to improve diabetes care (PRODIACOR)","resumen":"Aim  To evaluate the effect of system interventions (formalized data collection and 100% coverage of medications and supplies) combined with physician and\/or patient education on therapeutic indicators and costs in Type 2 diabetes.    Methods  This was a randomized 2 × 2 design in public health, social security or private prepaid primary care clinics in Corrientes, Argentina. Thirty-six general practitioners and 468 adults with Type 2 diabetes participated. Patients of nine participating physicians were selected randomly and assigned to one of four structured group education programmes (117 patients each): control (group 1), physician education (group 2), patient education (group 3), and both physician education and patient education (group 4), with identical system interventions in all four groups. Outcome measures included HbA1c, BMI, blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipid profile, drug consumption, resource use and patient well-being at baseline and every 6 months up to 42 months.    Results  HbA1c decreased significantly from 4 mmol\/mol to 10 mmol\/mol by 42 months (P < 0.05); the largest and more consistent decrease was in the groups where patients and physicians were educated. Blood pressure and triglycerides decreased significantly in all groups; the largest changes were recorded in the combined education group. The World Health Organization-5 Lowe score showed significant improvements, without differences among groups. The lowest treatment cost was seen in the combined education group.    Conclusions  In a primary care setting, educational interventions combined with comprehensive care coverage resulted in long-term improvement in clinical, metabolic and psychological outcomes at the best cost-effectiveness ratio.","palabras_clave":"educational strategies"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1727,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"COMENTARIO A FALLO-Actualidad en Derecho de Daños","resumen":"Actualidad en Derecho de Daños, Abeledo Perrot Córdoba N° 2, año 2013, en coautoría con Estela María Allende Pinto), ISSN N° 1852-0685, págs.. 219\/226","palabras_clave":"ACTUALIDAD|DERECHO|DAÑOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1732,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Performance of a Simplified Soft-Distance decoding algorithm for LDPC codes over the Rayleigh fading channel","resumen":"In this paper, we investigate the per-formance of a Soft-Input soft-Output decoding algorithm for LDPC codes that uses Euclidean distance as its metric, in the Rayleigh fading channel. It is found thatits Bit Error Rate performance is close to that of traditional decoding algorithms like the Sum-Product algorithm and its logarithmic version. Main characteristics of the proposed algorithm and its modification to perform over the Rayleigh channel are described.  This algorithm uses squared Euclid-ean distance as the metric, does not require knowl-edge of the signal-to-noise ratio of the received sig-nal, and is less complex to implement than other soft-input, soft-output algorithms.","palabras_clave":"LDPC CODES|SOF DISTANCE DECODING|RAYLEIGH CHANNEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1774,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Poblamiento de mesetas: arqueología de Pampa del Asador y Cerro Pampa (Patagonia meridional)","resumen":"La localidad de Cerro  Pampa\/Pampa del Asador es conocida por su amplia disponibilidad de materia  prima lítica, principalmente obsidiana negra. Este trabajo busca remarcar otras  de sus particularidades, tales como los análisis comparativos de información  tecnológica y zooarqueológica disponible de la región para explicar la  variabilidad del registro arqueológico de cazadores.","palabras_clave":"CAZADORES RECOLECTORES|CERRO PAMPA|TECNOLOGIA|ZOOARQUEOLOGIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1796,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Gobernabilidad y ambientalismo en la selva paranaense","resumen":"El artículo describe los principales elementos de la configuración actual del ambientalismo en el norte de la provincia de Misiones. Los ejes centrales son los modos en que agencias con vinculaciones transnacionales, encaran proyecciones e intervenciones conservacionistas, en zonas de amortiguamiento de Áreas Naturales Protegidas. Estas presencias y actividades, señalan la emergencia y consolidación de un nuevo estilo de gobernanza medioambiental signado por la tensión entre desarrollo y conservación. Los principales proyectos de conservación y desarrollo que se implementan en la región son impulsados por JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) y por AECID (Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo),  conformando los pilares sobre los cuales se asienta, la gobernabilidad, el ambientalismo y la conservación de gran parte de la selva paranaense en la provincia de Misiones.","palabras_clave":"Gobernabilidad|Conflictos Sociales|Arena Politica|Poblaciones Rurales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1804,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las críticas de Kant al modelo teórico del Estado westfaliano","resumen":"Resumo: Em este artigo vou defender a tese de que a crítica de Kant ao quadro teórico que serviu para apoiar o Estado moderno westfaliano está em mostrar a conexão entre a ilegitimidade do decisionismo e os equívocos do positivismo jurídico. Para fazer isso, proponho uma estrutura do argumento geral de Kant contra as teorias jusnaturalistas racionáis modernas da tradição grociano-hobbesiana, que tenho estraído dos escritos políticos de Kant da década de 1790.    Palavras-chaves: Kant, Crítica, Despotismo, Positivismo Jurídico, Realismo Político.    Abstract: In this article I defend the thesis that Kant?s critique of the theoretical framework supporting the modern Westphalian state consists in showing the connection between the illegitimacy of decisionism and the conceptual flaws of juridical positivism. To do this, I propose a structure of Kant?s general argument against the Modern rational natural law theories of the Grotian-Hobbesian tradition that is extracted from Kant?s political writings from the 1790?s decade.     Key-Words: Kant, Critique, Despotism, Juridical Positivism, Political Realism.","palabras_clave":"KANT|CRÍTICA|DESPOTISMO|POSITIVISMO JURÍDICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1805,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comet Observations","resumen":"no disponible","palabras_clave":"no se utiiza en esta publicación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1814,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"HISTOLOGÍA DEL ÓRGANO RESERVANTE DE LA MACA SILVESTRE, LEPIDIUM MEYENII (BRASSICACEAE) Y COMPARACIÓN CON LA MACA CULTIVADA","resumen":"Abstract \u2014 Chaín, Fernando E.; M. I. Mercado; M. V. Coll Araoz; C. A. N. Catalán; A. Grau; G. I. Ponessa. 2011.   Histology of the storage organ of wild maca, Lepidium meyenii  (Brassicaceae), and comparison with the cultivated maca\u201D. Lilloa 48 (2).    Samples of the underground reserve organ of wild maca (Lepidium meyenii) from Cumbres Calchaquíes (Tucumán), were fixed in FAA and embedded in paraffin in order to study their anatomy. The underground structure was compared with the storage organ of cultivated maca observed in a previous study. The storage organ of wild maca is a contractile root with normal secondary growth. Peridermis arises from outer cortical parenchymatic cells. Cortex and star shaped pith constituted by amiliferous parenchyma with myrosin ideoblasts. Secondary phloem and xylem with abundant parenchymatous rays. Tissue from contractile area reflects the shortening of the root caused by vertical contraction and radial expansion of the inner cortical parenchyma. The contraction mechanism is discussed.    Resumen \u2014 Chaín, Fernando E.; M. I. Mercado; M. V. Coll Araoz; C. A. N. Catalán; A. Grau; G. I. Ponessa. 2011.   Histología del órgano reservante de la maca silvestre, Lepidium meyenii (Brassicaceae) y comparación con la maca cultivada\u201D. Lilloa 48 (2).    Se estudió la anatomía del órgano de reserva subterráneo de la maca silvestre proveniente de Cumbres Calchaquíes (Tucumán) a partir de muestras fijadas en FAA y empleando la técnica de inclusión en parafina. Se comparó esta estructura con la observada en la maca cultivada en un trabajo previo. El órgano reservante de la maca silvestre es una raíz contráctil con crecimiento secundario normal que presenta peridermis diferenciada a partir de células del parénquima cortical externo, cortex y médula de forma estrellada constituidos por parénquima amilífero con idioblastos de mirosina. Floema y xilema secundario con abundantes radios parenquimáticos. Los tejidos de la región contráctil reflejan el acortamiento de la raíz, causado por la contracción vertical y expansión radial del parénquima cortical interno. Se discute el mecanismo de contracción.  Palabras clave: Histología, raíz contráctil, maca silvestre, Lepidium meyenii, Brassicaceae.","palabras_clave":"MACA SILVESTRE|LEPIDIUM MEYENII|HISTOLOGIA|RAIZ CONTRACTIL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1815,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Primera prospección arqueológica en un camino hacia y desde las Yungas (Dto. Tumbaya, Jujuy)","resumen":"En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento de la prospecciones realizada en la quebrada de Huajra, un importante paso que conecta el sector sur de la quebrada de Humahuaca con los valles orientales (Yungas), particularmente la zona correspondiente a la cuenca superior del río Tiraxi -Tesorero.   Se plantean hipótesis sobre la funcionalidad y articulación que pudieron tener los asentamientos La Silleta (SJujTum11), La Junta (SJujTum12), Las Arcas (SJujTum13), Los Guaipos (SJujTum14) y otras estructuras registradas en la quebrada prospectada. Así como algunas reflexiones sobre posibles vínculos económicos y políticos con los asentamientos de Esquina de Huajra (SJujTum10) y Pukara de Volcán (SJujTum1). Un aporte que consideramos relevante para el conocimiento arqueológico del sur de la quebrada de Humahuaca es el hallazgo del componente cerámico Isla del sitio La Junta.","palabras_clave":"PROSPECCIÓN ARQUEOLOGICA|SUR DE LA QUEBRADA DE HUMAHUACA|QUEBRADA DE HUAJRA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1822,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Me gustó. Usos y representaciones del 'olfato policial' entre los miembros de la policía bonaerense","resumen":"En este trabajo reflexionaremos sobre el conjunto de prácticas policiales comúnmente denominadas \u201Colfato policial\u201D. Este sistema que distingue a los ciudadanos de los delincuentes por sus gestos, tonos de voz, formas corporales, vestimenta, etc, es ampliamente difundido entre los miembros de la policía e interpretado, por ellos, como sumamente efectivo para reconocer y atrapar malhechores. Proponemos revelar la formación de estos valores y sus prácticas según la mirada de los policías. Desde su punto de vista, el \u201Colfato\u201D es un atributo positivo que se adquiere mediante la experiencia laboral. Proponemos estudiar la vinculación del \u201Colfato\u201D con ciertos sujetos sociales estigmatizados y la relación del estigma con formas de discriminación que recorren todo el entramado de la sociedad.","palabras_clave":"POLICIA|VIOLENCIA|ESTIGMA|CONTROL SOCIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1840,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'La recepción del _Libro de Séneca contra la yra e saña_ en el siglo XV'","resumen":"El presente trabajo estudia la recepción del Libro de Séneca contra layra e saña, romanceamiento castellano medieval del diálogo De ira de L. A.Séneca, en el marco de la actividad cultural del siglo XV. Para ello tendremos en cuenta la presencia de la traducción en los inventarios de las bibliotecas nobiliarias,las tres únicas copias manuscritas conservadas (mss. Esc. N.II.8, S.II.14 y T.III.3), los testimonios indirectos que proceden de la obra de Fernán Pérez de Guzmán y la presunta reelaboración del humanista Nuño de Guzmán.","palabras_clave":"FILOLOGÍA HISPÁNICA|SÉNECA|ESTUDIOS DE TRADUCCIÓN|LITERATURA ESPAÑOLA MEDIEVAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1853,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Hegel lector de Deleuze: una perspectiva crítica sobre la ontología afirmativa a partir de las objeciones a Spinoza en La ciencia de la lógica","resumen":"Este artículo se propone realizar un abordaje crítico de la ontología afirmativa de Gilles Deleuze a partir de las objeciones realizadas por Georg Hegel a Spinoza en su Ciencia de la lógica. La hipótesis de trabajo es que, dada la herencia spinozista del pensamiento de Deleuze, estas críticas pueden resultar pertinentes para reflexionar sobre algunos puntos fundamentales. De esta manera, se intenta contrariar la habitual tendencia de los estudios deleuzianos de trabajar en una clave anti-hegeliana, es decir, a partir de una separación teórica total con la problemática de Hegel. En primer lugar, se descarta la posibilidad de centrar las críticas de Hegel en torno a la sentencia omni determinatio est negatio. Si bien en el análisis puntual de la frase Hegel la presenta como premisa del sistema de Spinoza, mostraremos a través de una visión más global de las críticas que aparecen distribuidas en distintos momentos de la Ciencia de la lógica que no radica allí el diferendo crucial: el problema fundamental no es la negatividad. Tampoco parece ir al corazón del problema el señalamiento que, dado que desde la afirmación absoluta no se puede progresar, el verdadero comienzo en Spinoza es la mera realidad empírica donde los elementos se vinculan de manera extrínseca, es decir, si concepto. En efecto, en el pasaje entre la cantidad y la medida, Hegel recurre al concepto espinosista de verdadero infinito para superar las relaciones extrínsecas y alcanzar el elemento cualitativo de la cantidad. Ese elemento es retomado por Deleuze como de suma importancia bajo el concepto de la relación diferencial dy \/ dx. No es entonces allí donde está el punto de inconmensurabilidad, sino en el siguiente estadio: Hegel afirma que es necesario que exista un movimiento de retorno (zurürckkehren) para que la afirmación no se degrade al punto de la disolución, mientras que Deleuze prefiere el movimiento de eterno retorno (ewige wiederkunft) como apertura insistente en el porvenir.","palabras_clave":"ONTOLOGIA AFIRMATIVA|NEGATIVIDAD|RELACION DIFERENCIAL|RETORNO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1854,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pre-release diet effect on field survival and dispersal of Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae)","resumen":"The effect of pre-release diets on starvation resistance, field survival anddispersal of sterile Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua fruit flies wasinvestigated. Protein-enriched diets resulted in reduced longevity underlaboratory and field conditions. Flies exposed to a combination of sugarand fresh mango fruit pulp showed greater longevity and field survival.Release?recapture experiments showed that this mango plus sugar dietresulted in the greatest trap capture and the longest life expectancywhen compared with the other treatments. Per cent recapture rangedfrom 0.24% to 17.50%. More females than males were recaptured. Spa-tial distribution was not affected by diet treatment, sex or replicate, butwas affected by environmental conditions, such as vegetation cover orshade in the case of A. ludens or prevalent winds in the case of A. obli-qua. Our results confirm the trade-offs between better mating perfor-mance and reduced survival produced by protein-rich diets and suggestfresh mango fruits, their products or derivates as an alternative tobe developed to overcome this problem for sterile insect techniqueprogrammes.","palabras_clave":"MANGO|FRUIT FLIES|SPATIAL  ANALYSIS|STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1856,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization and Simulation of an Active Microvalve for Glaucoma","resumen":"Glaucoma Drainage Device (GDD) have the potential to eliminate hypotony but still su&#64256;er  from poor &#64258;ow control and &#64257;brosis. The ideal shunt should change its hydraulic resistance to  achieve the desired intraocular pressure. In this work the characterization of a preliminary  design of a new GDD is presented. This is activated by means of a diaphragm, which is actuated by conducting polymers. The valve can be manufactured employing Micro Electro  Mechanical System (MEMS) technology by soft lithography. The characterization process is  performed by numerical simulation using the Finite Element Method, considering the coupling between the &#64258;uid and the structure (diaphragm), obtaining the hydraulic resistance for  several positions of the diaphragm. In order to analyze the hydraulic system of the microvalve  implanted in a human eye an equivalent circuit model was used. The parameters of the equivalent circuit model were obtained from numerical simulation. The hydraulic resistance of  the designed GDD varies in the range of 13.08 [mmHg·min\/µl] to 0.36 [mmHg·min\/µl] compared with 3.38 [mmHg·min\/µl] to 0.43 [mmHg·min\/µl] for the Ahmed valve. The maximum  displacement of the diaphragm in the vertical direction is 18.9 [µm] and the strain in the  plane is 2%. The proposed preliminary design allows to control intraocular pressure (IOP)  by varying the hydraulic resistance in a greater range than existing passive valves and the  numerical simulation facilitates the characterization and the improvement of the design before  its construction, reducing time and costs.","palabras_clave":"glaucoma|microvalve|finite element method|fluid structure interaction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1866,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structure and Functionality of Whey Protein Concentrate-Based Products with Different Water Contents","resumen":"Properties of different heated mixtures of whey protein concentrate, starch, gelatin, and sucrose with different water contents were studied. The water activity of samples was determined. The structural properties were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, solubility assays in different extraction solutions, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Color, texture, and water-holding capacity of samples were also determined. Results show that a certain water content it is needed to form a structure with solid characteristics in these mixtures. The temperature for starch gelatinization is lower than the temperature for whey proteins denaturation, but when sucrose is present, whey proteins are denatured, before the gelatinization of starch. Sucrose is major contributor to the adhesiveness of the samples and to the decrease of their water activity. Also, sucrose decreases the firmness and cohesiveness of the samples. The main component that contributes to the browning of the samples during the heat treatment is whey protein concentrate, whereas starch is the main component responsible for the water-holding capacity in these samples. Gelatin does not modify appreciably the properties of the mixtures in the proportion used in these assays","palabras_clave":"WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE|STARCH|SUCROSE|GELATINE|WATER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1880,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La identidad nacional: Internet una nueva forma de comunicación.","resumen":"La Nación es un sentimiento de pertenencia que define la identidad. Analíticamente es diferente que Estado por la distinción jurídica y constitucional que existe entre ambos conceptos. La globalización e Internet interpelan a la Nación, obligan a preguntar por su esencia, por el significado de Estado-Nación. El horizonte virtual de las comunicaciones e Internet producen una revolución en las relaciones humanas y también en el concepto tradicional de soberanía, ya que la misma corre las fronteras permanentemente y construye un espacio social y virtual diferente. Es también un tema fundamental el de las responsabilidades penales que pueden derivar del uso de Internet como&nbsp; medio de comunicación, así como los vacíos legales que al respecto tiene nuestra legislación en materia penal. Todo lo expuesto tiene incidencia en la configuración de una verdadera identidad nacional, en un contexto de una sociedad posmoderna y globalizada. ","palabras_clave":"IDENTIDAD NACIONAL |INTERNET |GLOBALIZACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1881,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"X -ray powder diffraction data of new composites PANI\/Na-AlSBA-3 and PANI\/Na-AlSBA-16","resumen":"X -ray powder diffraction data of new composites PANI\/Na-AlSBA-3 (PANI-3) and PANI\/Na-AlSBA-16 (PANI-16). The  X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded in a 2&#952; range from 1.8 to 30º (2&#952;)  for PANI-3 and 1.32 to 32º (2&#952;) for PANI-16 with a Philips X?Pert PRO  PANalytical diffractometer  under CuK&#945; radiation (&#955; = 0.15418 nm). The diffraction data were collected by  using a continuous scan mode with a scan speed of 0.02º (2&#952;)\/min.                        ","palabras_clave":"PANI\/Na-AlSBA-3|PANI\/Na-AlSBA-16|XRD data|Powder"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1900,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Comportamiento, Historia y Evolución","resumen":"comportamiento h","palabras_clave":"comportamiento |historia y evolucion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1904,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Quesos Artesanales de Corrientes. Riesgo de Enfermedades Transmitidas por alimentos: encefalopatía espongiforme bovina . Review","resumen":"Las Enfermedades Transmitidas por Alimentos (ETAs) constituyen un problema de Salud Pública, de donde deriva la importancia de conocer la Trazabilidad de los alimentos para ofrecer productos seguros e inocuos. Entre los casos preocupantes se destaca la Encefalopatía Espongiforme Bovina (EEB), ya que actualmente se conoce que el agente etiológico puede atravesar la barrera de especie y desarrollar su variante humana, la enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vECJ). Es preciso considerar el potencial ingreso del agente infectivo en la cadena alimentaria humana durante la alimentación del ganado empleado para la elaboración de derivados de este origen, debido a que el primer brote de la enfermedad, surgió a partir de los piensos contaminados, enfatizándose la necesidad de reforzar los controles desde el inicio de la cadena alimentaria. En el presente trabajo se otorga especial atención a la posibilidad de contaminación por priones durante la elaboración del Queso Artesanal de Corrientes, a través de dos materias primas: el agente coagulante artesanal bovino y la leche.","palabras_clave":"LECHE|AGENTE COAGULANTE|ENCEFALOPATÍA ESPONGIFORME BOVINA|RIESGO ALIMENTARIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1910,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una aproximación al campo didáctico -pedagógico en las provincias de Entre Ríos y Santa Fe, desde 1915 a 1930","resumen":"Desde dimensiones históricas y didácticas de análisis, analizamos   diferentes procesos de conformación del campo didáctico-pedagógico en   las provincias de Entre Ríos y Santa Fe. El período de 1915 a 1930, en   lo educativo comprende movimientos normalistas y espiritualistas,   articulados con la corriente educativa de la Escuela Nueva que surgía en   occidente. Este artículo da cuenta de los movimientos metodológicos de   nuestra trayectoria de investigación. Asimismo, pone de manifiesto los   resultados de indagaciones realizadas en documentos de la época dónde se   vislumbra el tránsito del normalismo fundacional hacia líneas de corte   psicologizante y el advenimiento del espiritualismo en su pretensión   transformadora de las tradiciones que, para ese momento ya estaban   acrisoladas en el campo didáctico-pedagógico. Documentos oficiales, así   como textos de pensadores y maestros de estas provincias, expresan la   complejidad, la contradicción y el conflicto de diversas posturas que se   disputaron el significado de discursos y prácticas. Estas disputas han   abierto huellas y dejado marcas que aún permanecen en nuestro campo   disciplinar.","palabras_clave":"campo didáctico-pedagógico|enseñanza|formación docente|sujeto didáctico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1919,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Arboles y Arbustos de la Ciudad de Formosa. Fenología de sus Principales Componentes","resumen":"Las plantaciones de árboles y arbustos en centros urbanos, constituyen una forma de protección del medio ambiente ya que  atemperan la acción de los agentes climáticos, como el sol, purifican el aire circulante de gases tóxicos y sus hojas retienen gran  cantidad de polvo atmosférico, además de embellecer a la ciudad dando características de estética.  Los trabajos encarados en éste Proyecto se originan en la carencia de información referente a la flora arbórea y arbustiva de la  ciudad de Formosa, requerida para una correcta identificación de las especies componentes, y de datos sobre observaciones  fenológicas, en forma sistematizada.  Esta información, permitirá conocer la cantidad de especies, su distribución en los diferentes grupos taxonómicos, imágenes de  cada uno de ellos, que facilitará su identificación y datos fenológicos de la mayor parte de ellos, que constituirá una herramienta  fundamental para un mejor ordenamiento de las diferentes especies, como la mejor distribución en los espacios verdes,  conforme fundamentalmente a épocas de floración de cada especie, que permitirá planificar la arquitectura paisajística de la  ciudad.  La observación e interpretación de los fenómenos visibles y periódicos de la vida vegetal (Fases Fenológicas), que son propios  de cada especie y además influenciados por los cambios meteorológicos, son herramientas imprescindibles para el manejo  adecuado del arbolado de las ciudades. El tratamiento de los árboles en sus distintos estadios, exige del conocimiento de los  ciclos de crecimiento vegetativo, reproductivo y de descanso, que abarcan entre otros: la brotación, defoliación, floración,  fructificación y diseminación de los frutos y semillas.  En síntesis, podemos asegurar que el conocimiento de éstos fenómenos o ciclos biológicos, servirán entre otras cosas para: una  correcta planificación de podas, mejor ordenamiento estético según época de floración, mejoramiento genético, y obtención de  frutos y semillas en condiciones óptimas con la finalidad de la producción en vivero.","palabras_clave":"ARBOLES|ARBUSTOS|TAXONOMIA, FENOLOGIA|CIUDAD DE FORMOSA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1924,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fluctuation Effects of the Electric Field Induced by Water on a Graphene Dot Band Gap","resumen":"We investigate how a box of water molecules affects the HOMO-LUMO gap of   a rectangular graphene nanodot (GND) with two zigzag and two armchair   edges, using a combination of first principles and molecular mechanics,   and also classical molecular dynamics. A GND is solvated in a periodic   box of water molecules, and the HOMO-LUMO gap is computed for some   snapshots taken from a molecular dynamics simulation. Although an   isolated GND has a semiconductor state with degenerate alpha and beta gaps, we   find that, in a solvated GND, that degeneracy is broken and the gaps of   both spins flavors oscillate following the time fluctuations in strength   and direction of the electric field generated by the solvent at the   edges. The average electric field generated by the water molecules   causes an effect equivalent to applying a uniform electric field of 0.16   V\/Å computed at the PBE level of theory. In particular, this field is   not strong enough to change the GND semiconductor ground state to a   half-metallic one in nanodots with dimensions smaller than 2.5 nm, as   those studied here. These results can be useful in the design of sensors   based on graphene, indicating that important fluctuations in the energy   gap can occur if water molecules are present.Citado: 1","palabras_clave":"CARBON NANOTUBES|ANTIFERROMAGNETISM|CONFINED FLOW|ELECTRIC FIELDS|ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES|HYDROGEN|HYDROGEN BONDS|MAGNETIC PROPERTIES|MOLECULES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1927,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reseñas Jurisprudenciales y Recensiones","resumen":"\/\/","palabras_clave":"Derecho|Internacional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1928,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Conclusiones","resumen":"\/\/","palabras_clave":"derecho|internacional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1930,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La Matemática necesaria para la enseñanza de los Racionales en Secundario","resumen":"En este artículo nos centramos en analizar las necesidades matemáticas de un profesor de escuela secundaria frente a la tarea de organizar y fundamentar un sólido aprendizaje en torno a algunas cuestiones de números racionales. Tomando como base estudios didácticos previos con relación a los conjuntos numéricos y por medio del análisis de una propuesta de enseñanza de los números racionales en un libro de texto de 8vo. año (2do. año actual), mostramos la necesidad de un profesor de contar con una serie de conocimientos, relaciones, prácticas, reflexiones, tanto epistemológicas como históricas y didácticas de los contenidos involucrados, conocimientos habitualmente no presentes en la formación superior de un profesor de matemática.","palabras_clave":"conjuntos numéricos |formación docente|equipamiento praxeológico|matemática para enseñar"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1955,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Presencia de la Lechuza de Campanario (Tyto alba) en el Océano Atlántico Sur","resumen":"Se presenta un registro de la Lechuza de Campanario (Tyto alba) en el Golfo SanJorge (Mar Argentino). A pesar de estar ampliamente distribuida en Argentina, no hay evidenciasprevias de la presencia de esta especie en alta mar, así como tampoco de ninguna otra ave rapaz.Se discuten las posibles razones de su arribo al mar y sus consecuencias.","palabras_clave":"GOLFO SAN JORGE|PATAGONINA|LECHUZA DE LOS CAMPANARIOS|TYTO ALBA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1971,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High risk of cardiovascular disease in iron overload patients","resumen":"INTRODUCTION:Iron overload (IO) is defined as an increase in storage iron, regardless of the presence or absence of tissue damage. Whether increased iron stores are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease remains controversial.OBJECTIVES:&#8194;To study insulin resistance markers, lipoprotein profile, activities of anti and prooxidant enzymes and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in patients with IO.METHODS:Twenty male patients with IO were compared with 20 sex- and age-matched controls. General biochemical parameters, lipoprotein profile, and activities of paraoxonase 1, employing two substrates, paraoxon (PON) and phenylacetate (ARE), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2) ) and CETP were determined.RESULTS:IO patients showed higher levels of HOMA-IR and triglycerides [median (Q1-Q3)] [128 (93-193) vs. 79(51-91) mg dL(-1) , P < 0·0005] while lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (mean ± SD) (41 ± 9 vs. 52 ± 10 mg dL(-1) , P < 0·0005) in comparison with controls. Moreover, the triglycerides\/HDL-cholesterol [3·2 (2·0-5·1) vs. 1·5 (1·0-1·9), P < 0·0005] ratio and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels [94 (64-103) vs. 68 (59-70) IU L(-1) , P < 0·05] were increased in the patient group. Although no difference was observed in ARE activity, PON activity was decreased in IO patients [246 (127-410) vs. 428 (263-516) nmol mL(-1) min(-1) , P < 0·05]. In addition, CETP and Lp-PLA(2) activities were also increased in the patients (189 ± 31 vs. 155 ± 36%&#8195;ml(-1) &#8195;h(-1) , P&#8195;< 0·005; and 10·1 ± 2·9 vs. 8·2 ± 2·4 &#956;mol&#8195;mL(-1) h(-1) , P < 0·05, respectively). Associations between ferritin concentration and the alterations in lipid metabolism were also found. Multiple regression analyses identified HOMA-IR as independent predictor of CETP activity (B = 65·9, P < 0·0001, r(2) = 0·35), as well as ferritin concentration of Lp-PLA(2) activity (B = 3·7, P < 0·0001, r(2) = 0·40) after adjusting for confounding variables.CONCLUSIONS: IO patients presented not only insulin resistance but also metabolic alterations that were related to elevated iron stores and are associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease.","palabras_clave":"IRON|IRON OVERLOAD|ATHEROSCLEROSIS|LIPOPROTEINS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":1981,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las Piedras marcadas. Representaciones rupestres del piedemonte occidental de la Sierra de Valle Fértil, San Juan","resumen":"Presentamos los resultados del relevamiento de representaciones rupestres de la locación Las Piedras Marcadas, San Juan, emplazada en el piedemonte occidental de la Sierra de Valle Fértil y La Huerta, en la travesía del Bermejo. Discutimos los contextos locales y circuitos de flujo de personas e información de los cuales forma parte. La presencia de tres componentes cronoculturales ?prehispánico, colonial e histórico reciente (siglos XIX y XX)- indica por su recurrencia en la larga duración, la importancia relativa de la ubicación en función de los usos del espacio en el río Bermejo y en el acceso y tránsito de la Sierra de Valle Fértil. Destacamos la presencia de un motivo de posible adscripción al periodo Colonial: una cruz del calvario.  ","palabras_clave":"Representaciones rupestres|paisaje|Valle Fértil"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2011,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PREVALENCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES IN COMMERCIAL FROZEN BULL SEMEN","resumen":"Sperm morphology abnormalities and their frequency may help topredict semen fertilizing capacity. The aims of this study were todetermine the prevalence of morphological abnormalities in frozenbull semen samples of beef breeds (Angus, Polled Hereford,Tuli and Simmental) and dairy breeds (Holstein and Jersey) and todetermine the possible existence of differences between them, regardingthe percentage of abnormal sperm. Sperm morphology wasevaluated in 55 doses of frozen semen straws using 3% (m\/v) BengalRose stain and light microscopy (1000X magnification). Themean percentage of abnormal sperm from beef breeds was 15 ±9.3% (head defects: 3.5 ± 3.2%, midpiece defects: 9.5 ± 7.3%, taildefects: 2 ± 1.8%) and from dairy breeds was 7 ± 5% (head defects:1.5 ± 2.1%, midpiece defects: 4 ± 2.5%, tail defects: 1.5 ±2.2%. Significant differences in the amounts of abnormal sperm,head defects and midpiece defects (p < 0.05) were found, whilethere were no significant differences in tail abnormalities betweenboth biotypes (Median Test). These differences could be due todifferent selection pressures exerted between biotypes.","palabras_clave":"MORPHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES|BULL|SEMEN|FROZEN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2018,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Adultos y jóvenes frente al cambio: entre el deber ser y el ocio","resumen":"En este artículo resumimos los principales  contrastes entre la visión que adultos y jóvenes tienen sobre las posibilidades  de cambio. El mismo, se basa en el análisis del material recogido en la  investigación 'Representaciones temporales y prácticas sociales: invariancia o  cambio'. Mientras que los adultos legitiman en sus discursos a las  instituciones familia, educación y trabajo como lugares donde despliegan sus  relaciones con otros, y ponen en una dimensión diferente al ocio, los jóvenes,  con rasgos fuertemente pesimistas, destacan entre sus principales prácticas de  socialidad el consumo, la noche y las tecnologías, relegando a un segundo plano  lo laboral.","palabras_clave":"Socialidad|Temporalidades|Cambio social|Adultos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2019,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La reconstrucción metodológica de un camino","resumen":"En el presente artículo se reconstruyen las decisiones  metodológicas que el equipo de investigación llevó adelante en el transcurso  del proyecto. Se focaliza la mirada en el trabajo de campo, a través de las  distintas técnicas implementadas.","palabras_clave":"Metodología|Técnicas|Socialidad|Temporalidades"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2023,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"(1)H, (15)N and (13)C chemical shift assignments of the BA42 protein of the psychrophilic bacteria Bizionia argentinensis sp. nov.","resumen":"BA42 is a protein belonging to the psychrophilic bacteria Bizionia   argentinensis sp. nov. Bioinformatics analysis showed that it presents   significant sequence identity with a Pfam A family, DUF 477, found both   in eukarya and eubacteria but of unknown function in all these   organisms. Here, we report the NMR spectra assignment of this 145 amino   acid protein. These data will allow performing NMR structural studies   with the aim of using the three-dimensional structure as relevant   information in order to determine the function of this family of   proteins.","palabras_clave":"PSYCHROPHILIC|SHIFT ASSIGNEMENT|CHEMICAL SHIFT|ASSIGNEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2024,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus mundtii CRL 1656","resumen":"We report the draft genome sequence of Enterococcus mundtii CRL1656 which was isolated from stripping milk of a clinically healthy adult Holstein dairy cow from a dairy farm of the Northwestern region of Tucumán (Argentina). The 3.10-Mb genome sequence consists of 450 large contigs and contains 2,741 predicted protein-coding genes.","palabras_clave":"GENOME|ENTEROCOCCUS MUNDTII"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2025,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Striatal gating through up states and oscillations in the basal ganglia: Implications for Parkinson's disease","resumen":"Up states are a hallmark of striatal physiology. Spontaneous activity in the thalamo-cortical network drives robust plateau depolarizations in the medium spiny projection neurons of the striatum. Medium spiny neuron firing is only possible during up states and is very tightly regulated by dopamine and NMDA receptors. In a rat model of Parkinson\u2019s disease the medium spiny neurons projecting to the globus pallidus (indirect pathway) show more depolarized up states and increased firing. This is translated into abnormal patterns of synchronization between the globus pallidus and frontal cortex, which are believed to underlie the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Here we review our work in the field and propose a mechanism through which the lack of D2 receptor stimulation in the striatum allows the establishment of fixed routes of information flow in the cortico\u2013striato-pallidal network.","palabras_clave":"basal ganglia|globus pallidus|Medium spiny neuron|oscillation|Parkinsons disease"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2026,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for signatures of magnetically-induced alignment in the arrival  directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"We present the results of an analysis of data recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory in which we search for groups of directionally-aligned events (or \u2018multiplets\u2019) which exhibit a correlation between arrival direction and the inverse of the energy. These signatures are expected from sets of events coming from the same source after having been deflected by intervening coherent magnetic fields. The observation of several events from the same source would open the possibility to accurately reconstruct the position of the source and also measure the integral of the component of the magnetic field orthogonal to the trajectory of the cosmic rays. We describe the largest multiplets found and compute the probability that they appeared by chance from an isotropic distribution. We find no statistically significant evidence for the presence of multiplets arising from magnetic deflections in the present data.","palabras_clave":"COSMIC RAYS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2027,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Water stress and abscisic acid exogenous supply produce differential enhancements in the concentration of selected phenolic compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon","resumen":"The production of grapevine secondary metabolites can be magnified by abiotic stresses or  exogenous abscisic acid. Selected phenolic compounds were determined in grape and wine by gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry with the aim to asses the physiological responses of plants submitted to water stress and hormonal treatments. Exogenous abscisic acids as well as postveraison water stress produce differential enhancements on phenolic  accumulation on Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and such effects were reflected in wine. Resveratrol and malvidin were enhanced by both abscisic acid and water stress and the improvement produced by such factors was additive. On the other hand, the synthesis of gallic acid, (+) catechin, quercetin and caffeic acid was not stimulated by water deficit. Combined hormonal-water stress treatments produced three positive effects on wine quality; a) increments of blue compounds, b) increments of flavonols and flavan 3-oles that favor copigmentation of wines, c) higher antioxidant compounds concentration with the consequent health benefits.                       ","palabras_clave":"water stress|abscisic acid|phenolic compounds|Cabernet Sauvignon"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2028,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Respuesta diferenciada a la sequía de plantas jóvenes de Prosopis chilensis, P. flexuosa y sus híbridos interespecíficos: implicancias para la reforestación en zonas áridas.","resumen":"RESUMEN. En la región del Chaco Árido existen procesos graves de degradación de los ecosistemas. La reforestación con materiales adaptados a las principales limitantes climáticas (sequía) es una técnica que puede contribuir a revertir dichos procesos degradativos. En relación a sus requerimientos hídricos, Prosopis flexuosa se desarrolla en llanos, ambientes más secos, mientras que Prosopis chilensis crece al pie de las sierras, a orillas de cursos de agua temporarios. Varios estudios genéticos han demostrado la existencia de híbridos interespecíficos en las áreas de contacto de las dos especies. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron (1) determinar la respuesta diferencial en crecimiento y supervivencia de plantines de P. flexuosa, P. chilensis y sus híbridos interespecíficos ante condiciones controladas de estrés hídrico, y (2) determinar la influencia del tratamiento de rusticación en vivero sobre estos procesos posteriormente a la implantación en el campo. En los ensayos bajo condiciones controladas, P. flexuosa fue la especie que menos creció ante buenas condiciones de disponibilidad hídrica, pero fue la menos afectada ante condiciones de estrés. Por el contrario, P. chilensis fue la especie más susceptible al estrés hídrico. Los individuacs híbridos tuvieron un crecimiento similar al de P. chilensis, tanto ante buenas condiciones de disponibilidad hídrica como con déficit, pero mayor supervivencia que esta especie ante estrés severo, semejante a P. flexuosa. Bajo condiciones a campo, tanto P. chilensis como los híbridos se observó un efecto positivo de la rusticación, sin embargo en P. flexuosa solamente se pudo observar ese efecto en el sitio de plantación con mayor restricción hídrica. Estos resultados abren interrogantes acerca de los mecanismos diferenciales que permitirían a los híbridos alcanzar altas tasas de crecimiento, sin ir en detrimento de la resistencia al estrés. Esta combinación de caracteres resalta la necesidad de focalizar estudios ecofisiológicos (mecanismos de tolerancia a estrés hídricos) y genéticos (estabilidad y segregación de caracteres en la descendencia) en este taxón.","palabras_clave":"ALGARROBOS|HIBRIDACIÓN|ADAPTACIÓN |ESTRÉS HÍDRICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2030,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ecological and agronomic importance of the plant genus  Lotus. Its application in grassland sustainability and the amelioration of constrained and contaminated soils","resumen":"The genus Lotus comprises around 100 annual and perennial species with worldwide distribution. The relevance of Lotus japonicus as a model plant has been recently demonstrated in numerous studies. In addition, some of the Lotus species show a grate potential for adaptation to a number of abiotic stresses. Therefore, they are relevant components of grassland ecosystems in environmentally constrained areas of several South American countries and Australia, where they are used for livestock production. Also, the fact that the roots of these species form rhizobial and mycorrhizal associations makes the annual L. japonicus a suitable model plant for legumes, particularly in studies orientated to recognize the mechanisms intervening in the tolerance to abiotic factors in the field, where these interactions occur. These properties justify the increased utilization of some Lotus species as a strategy for dunes revegetation and reclamation of heavy metal-contaminated or burned soils in Europe.","palabras_clave":"Lotus|Symbionts|Abiotic stress|Restoration"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2034,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DISTRIBUTION AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDIES OF FLAGELLAR SENSILLA IN EMPHORINI BEES (HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA)","resumen":"      The tribe Emphorini is  a group of pollen-collecting solitary bees with a geographical distribution  restricted to the western hemisphere. Most of the Emphorini bees collect pollen  from a few specific plant families and display specialized behaviors for  constructing their nests. Insect sensilla are the basic structural and  functional units of cuticle receptors, serving mainly mechano- and  chemo-receptor functions. The external morphology of the antennal sensilla has  been well characterized in species of different families of Apoidea, however  there is scarce information about this issue in solitary bees of the family  Apidae. For a better understanding of the association between the external  sensory system and several types of behaviors which emerged along the  evolutionary history of bees, it is important to characterize the antennal  receptors in several representative species of this tribe.  The distribution of the antennal sensilla on the  dorsal flagella of 18 taxa was studied in insectos of both sexes, using light  and scanning electron microscopy.There were six types of sensilla and setae on  the antennae, which were identified as sensilla placodea, trichodea, basiconica,  coeloconica, coelocapitular and ampullacea. The sensilla trichodea were  clasificated into subtypes, A,B,C-D. Sensilla subtype A were the most abundant  sensilla and were distributed over the entire antennae, while sensilla placodea  and sensilla trichodea type B, showed a restricted distribution on specific  areas of the flagella. We have recognized four patterns of spatial distribution  of setae on dorsal flagella. Species having setae on the distal part of the  flagellomeres tended to contain a low density of sensilla trichodea type A.  Females showed a higher number of sensilla subtype B and C-D than males;  instead sensilla trichodea A were more abundant in males. No significant  difference was found in the number of sensilla placodea, ampullacea,  coeloconica and coelocapitular. Sensilla basiconica were found only in females.  Our results showed that gustative and tactile sensilla were more abundant in  female bees, as well as, olfactory receptors predominate in the antennal system  of males. The possible coevolution of flagellar sensilla in males and females  of solitary bees is discussed in light of previous reports. Patterns of  distribution of setae determine the relative abundance of the types of sensilla  in the flagellum. ","palabras_clave":"FLAGELLAR|SENSILLA|EMPHORINI|BEES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2035,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Growth hormone modulation of EGF-induced PI3K-Akt pathway in mice liver","resumen":"The epidermal growth factor (EGF) activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt cascade among other signaling pathways. This route is involved in cell proliferation and survival, therefore, its dysregulation can promote cancer. Considering the relevance of the PI3K-Akt signaling in cell survival and in the pathogenesis of cancer, and that GH was reported to modulate EGFR expression and signaling, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of increased GH levels on EGF-induced PI3K-Akt signaling.EGF-induced signaling was evaluated in the liver of GH-overexpressing transgenic mice and in their normal siblings. While Akt expression was increased in GH-overexpressing mice, EGF-induced phosphorylation of Akt, relative to its protein content, was diminished at Ser473 and inhibited at Thr308; consequently,mTOR, which is a substrate of Akt, was not activated by EGF. However, the activation of PDK1, a kinase involved in Akt phosphorylation at Thr308, was not reduced in transgenic mice. Kinetics studies of EGFinduced Akt phosphorylation showed that it is rapidly and transiently induced in GH-overexpressing mice compared with normal siblings. Thus, the expression and activity of phosphatases involved in the termination of the PI3K-Akt signaling were studied. In transgenic mice, neither PTEN nor PP2A were hyperactivated; however, EGF induced the rapid and transient association of SHP-2 to Gab1, which mediates association to EGFR and activation of PI3K. Rapid recruitment of SHP2, which would accelerate the termination of the proliferative signal induced, could be therefore contributing to the diminished EGF-induced activity of Akt in GHoverexpressing mice.","palabras_clave":"factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGF)|señalización de EGF |AKT|ratones que sobreexpresan GH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2036,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ecosystem service evaluation to support land-use policy","resumen":"Regular economic activity takes into account ecosystem goods and services that are exchanged for moneyin the market (e.g. food, fibre, water) but normally ignores more intangible ones left away from markettransactions (e.g. soil protection, climate regulation, disturbance control, habitat provision), even in caseswhen they become irreversibly impaired. However, because of the increasing pressure brought by thepublic opinion, the attempts to assign an economic, yet volatile, valuation to ecosystems assets hasmultiplied in recent years, and policy communities are increasingly compelled to incorporate them intoland use planning initiatives. Based on contributions to this special issue, we discuss how the perspectiveof ecosystem services can contribute to develop sound land-use policies and planning actions. Beyondvaluation, several practical implications emerge from the contributions. A myriad of potential tradeoffsmust be analyzed because since the provision of some services can be accompanied by the emergence ofunexpected dis-services. For example, carbon accumulation based on increasing net primary productionrates may simultaneously cut water yields and, hence, water provision. Various existing mechanismsranging from state-controlled to market-controlled for rewarding the provision of ecosystem servicesare analyzed and discussed in terms of their capacity to connect nature to land-use planning.© 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"Evaluation methods|Economycs and biophysical views|Tradeoffs"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2037,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of Breathing Cracks Using Vibrations","resumen":"          The influence of half-ellipse-shaped fatigue cracks and machined throughthickness          cuts on the impact response of cantilever beam samples were          analysed using the Finite Element Method and compared to experimental          data for different crack depths. The effect of sample width was analysed for          geometries with fatigue cracks (aspect ratio a\/c = 0.45) and through-thickness          cuts (rectangular cracks). The differences between both types of damage were          analysed numerically and experimentally. The effect of sample width was          studied and it was found that the behaviour of the cantilever with a fatiguecrack          approaches that of the saw cut sample when the fatigue crack reaches          the edges of the test piece. Acceleration data were analysed using the Fast          Fourier Transform algorithm and Power Density Spectra (PSD) were obtained.          For fatigue-cracked samples, harmonics of the frequencies of natural modes          of oscillation were found. Analytical modelling was done using a mass-springdamper          system for studying the bilinear behaviour of the stiffness element.          Harmonics found were assigned to the breathing behaviour of the crack. The          detection threshold using frequency shifts inspection was twice as high as using          spectral analysis. This would allow crack detection at half of the fatigue life of          the specimen.","palabras_clave":"breathing cracks|fatigue crack propagation|detection|vibrations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2038,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Improvement of Acetazolamide Ocular Permeation Using Ascorbyl Laurate Nanostructures as Drug Delivery System","resumen":"Purpose: To evaluate the performance of 6-O-Lauryl?l-ascorbic acid nanostructures (coagels) as vehicles foracetazolamide (AZM) in ophthalmic administration by in vitro and in vivo experimental tests.Methods: The systems of coagel + AZM were evaluated in terms of their in vitro release (dialysis membrane),permeability (isolated cornea), pharmacological effectiveness [intraocular pressure (IOP)-reduction in normotensiverabbits], and potential irritant effects.Results: The results concerning AZM permeation were better when vehiculized in coagels compared with ringersolution, which was evident from the AZM steady-state flux and Papp values (J = 1.43 mg\/min and Papp = 3.04cm.s1). As a consequence of this increase in permeation, the coagel-AZMs were more effective in lowering theIOP, according to the results obtained from the in vivo assays. Coagels loaded with 0.4% (W\/W) of AZM showeda higher hypotensive effect in rabbits compared with the commercial formulation AZOPT (brinzolamide 1%),mainly due to the prolonged effect of the former. In all cases, the intensity of irritation was time dependent. Thesodium lauryl sulphate solution (2%) used as a positive control produced serious injury 30 min postadministration.This effect caused irritation, which decreased slowly and even at 180 min, the discomfort wasstill considerable. However, in the case of coagels, a mild-to-moderate effect was observed.Conclusions: The incorporation of AZM in coagels seems to improve the ocular bioavailability of this drug.Coagel-AZM 0.4% showed a higher hypotensive effect, with a mild-to-moderate irritant effect. These systemscould be administrated in human beings, although more detailed studies still need to be carried out.","palabras_clave":"Acetazolamide|Ocular permeation|ascorbyl laureate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2039,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The class I protein AtTCP15 modulates plant development through a pathway that overlaps with the one affected by CIN-like TCP proteins","resumen":"The function of the class I TCP transcription factor TCP15 from Arabidopsis thaliana has been studied through theanalysis of plants that express a fusion of this protein to the EAR repressor domain. Constitutive expression ofTCP15-EAR produces growth arrest at the seedling stage, before leaf emergence. Expression of the repressor fusionfrom the AtTCP15 promoter produces small plants with leaves whose margins progressively curve upwards, startingfrom the basal part of the lamina. Leaves contain smaller and less differentiated cells, both on the adaxial andabaxial sides. The abaxial domain is relatively enlarged, with disorganized cells separated by empty spaces. TCP15-EAR also affects the growth of leaf petioles, flower pedicels, and anther filaments. Flowers show reduced elongationof the three outer whorls and altered gynoecia with irregular carpel surfaces and enlarged repla. Ectopic stigma-likestructures develop from medial and basal parts of the replum. TCP15-EAR produces an increase in expression of theboundary-specific genes LOB, CUC1, and CUC2. Changes in CUC1 and CUC2 expression can be explained by theexistence of lower levels of miR164 in leaves and the repression of IAA3\/SHY2 and the SAUR-like gene At1g29460 inleaves and flowers. TCP15 binds to the promoter regions of IAA3\/SHY2 and At1g29460, suggesting that these genesmay be direct targets of the transcription factor. The results indicate that TCP15 regulates the expression ofboundary-specific genes through a pathway that affects auxin homeostasis and partially overlaps with the onemodulated by class II CIN-like TCP proteins.","palabras_clave":"ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA|BOUNDARY-SPECIFIC GENE|PLANT DEVELOPMENT|TCP DOMAIN|TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2041,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biomimetic formation of crystalline bone-like apatite layers on spongy materials templated by bile salts aggregates","resumen":"Abstract Since the trabecular bone exhibit sponge-like bicontinuity there is a growing interest in the synthesis ofspongy-like sieves for the construction of bio-activeimplantable materials. Here, we propose a one step sol\u2013gelmethod for the synthesis of bicontinuous pore silicamaterials using different bile salts aqueous mixtures astemplates. The influences of the type and amount of bilesalt on the synthesis processes are investigated and correlatedwith the final material morphology. As a final point,their structural properties are interrelated with their abilityto induce a bone-like apatite layer in contact with simulatedbody fluid (SBF). We have confirmed that underspecific template conditions, the synthesized material hasan open bio-active macropore structure that is blanched in a3D-disordered sponge-like network similar than thoseexisted in trabecular bone.bicontinuity there is a growing interest in the synthesis ofspongy-like sieves for the construction of bio-activeimplantable materials. Here, we propose a one step sol\u2013gelmethod for the synthesis of bicontinuous pore silicamaterials using different bile salts aqueous mixtures astemplates. The influences of the type and amount of bilesalt on the synthesis processes are investigated and correlatedwith the final material morphology. As a final point,their structural properties are interrelated with their abilityto induce a bone-like apatite layer in contact with simulatedbody fluid (SBF). We have confirmed that underspecific template conditions, the synthesized material hasan open bio-active macropore structure that is blanched in a3D-disordered sponge-like network similar than thoseexisted in trabecular bone.bicontinuity there is a growing interest in the synthesis ofspongy-like sieves for the construction of bio-activeimplantable materials. Here, we propose a one step sol\u2013gelmethod for the synthesis of bicontinuous pore silicamaterials using different bile salts aqueous mixtures astemplates. The influences of the type and amount of bilesalt on the synthesis processes are investigated and correlatedwith the final material morphology. As a final point,their structural properties are interrelated with their abilityto induce a bone-like apatite layer in contact with simulatedbody fluid (SBF). We have confirmed that underspecific template conditions, the synthesized material hasan open bio-active macropore structure that is blanched in a3D-disordered sponge-like network similar than thoseexisted in trabecular bone.Since the trabecular bone exhibit sponge-like bicontinuity there is a growing interest in the synthesis ofspongy-like sieves for the construction of bio-activeimplantable materials. Here, we propose a one step sol\u2013gelmethod for the synthesis of bicontinuous pore silicamaterials using different bile salts aqueous mixtures astemplates. The influences of the type and amount of bilesalt on the synthesis processes are investigated and correlatedwith the final material morphology. As a final point,their structural properties are interrelated with their abilityto induce a bone-like apatite layer in contact with simulatedbody fluid (SBF). We have confirmed that underspecific template conditions, the synthesized material hasan open bio-active macropore structure that is blanched in a3D-disordered sponge-like network similar than thoseexisted in trabecular bone.","palabras_clave":"BIOMIMETIC|FORMATION|APATITE|LAYERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2043,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"INFLUENCIA DE LOS PARÁMETROS TÉRMICOS SOBRE LA MICROESTRUCTURA DE LAS ALEACIONES Al-Cu SOLIDIFICADAS DIRECCIONALMENTE","resumen":"Para investigar la influencia de los parámetros de solidificación sobre la microestructura dendrítica de las aleaciones Al-Cu de diferentes concentraciones se realizaron experiencias con diferentes valores de velocidades de enfriamiento y gradientes de temperatura. La microestructura de solidificación fue estudiada comparando los  espaciamientos dendríticos experimentales con los predichos por los modelos teóricos, calculando el espaciamiento dendrítico primario como una función de la composición, de la velocidad de crecimiento, el  gradiente térmico y de parámetros termofísicos. El espaciamiento dendrítico secundario se calcula como una función de la velocidad de enfriamiento y del gradiente térmico, y además, del tiempo de solidificación local. Se presentan y analizan los resultados obtenidos, comparándolos con trabajos previos.","palabras_clave":"Solidificación unidireccional|Parámetros térmicos|Aleaciones Al-Cu hipoeutécticas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2044,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression and characterization of human proinsulin fused to thioredoxin in Escherichia coli.","resumen":"Native proinsulin (PI) belongs to the class of the difficult-to-express proteins in Escherichia coli. Problems mainly arise due to its high proteolytic decay and troubles to reproduce the native disulphide pattern. In the present study, human PI was produced in E. coli as a fusion thioredoxin protein (Trx-PI). Such chimeric protein was obtained from the intracellular soluble fraction, and it was purified in one step by affinity chromatography on immobilized phenylarsine oxide. Trx-PI was also recovered from inclusion bodies and purified by anion exchange chromatography. The product identity and integrity were verified by mass analysis (22,173.5 Da) and mapping with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. Native PI folding was evaluated by biochemical and also by immunochemical analysis using specific sera from PI antibody-positive diabetic patients that recognise conformational discontinue epitopes. Dose\u2013response curves showed identity between standard PI and Trx-PI. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance technique verified the correct conformation of the recombinant protein. The biochemical and immunochemical assays demonstrated the integrity of the chimera and the epitopes involved in the interaction with antibodies. In conclusion, it was possible to obtain with high-yield purified human PI as a fusion protein in E. coli and useful for analytical purposes.","palabras_clave":"Thioredoxin proinsulin |Protein expression|Immunoreactivity |Diabetes mellitus|Autoantibodies"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2045,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La producción de discurso narrativo en jóvenes y adultos letrados e iletrados.","resumen":"En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigación que exploró y comparó el desempeño en la producción de discurso narrativo de un grupo de jóvenes y adultos iletrados con el de otro grupo de adultos letrados. Se seleccionaron dos tipos de tareas: relato de experiencia personal y relato a partir de una secuencia de imágenes; pues se consideró que cada tarea planteaba diferentes demandas cognitivas y lingüísticas que podían favorecer, u obstaculizar, el uso de recursos. Se consideró: extensión del relato, largo promedio de la emisión y uso cohesivo de formas anafóricas. Los resultados mostraron tendencias distintas en los dos grupos según la tarea. Mientras que los adultos letrados tuvieron, en general, un buen desempeño discursivo en ambas tareas; el grupo de adultos iletrados tuvo dificultades para producir un relato a partir de imágenes pero mostró un uso adecuado y variado de recursos lingüísticos al relatar experiencias personales.","palabras_clave":"NARRATIVAS|COHESIÓN |ANÁFORAS|ANALFABETOS |NARRATIVAS DE EXPERIENCIA PERSONAL |NARRATIVAS A PARTIR DE IMAGENES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2046,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New grass phylogeny resolves deep evolutionary relationships and discovers C 4 origins","resumen":"Grasses rank among the world\u2019s most ecologically and economically important plants.Repeated evolution of the C4 syndrome has made photosynthesis highly efficient in manygrasses, inspiring intensive efforts to engineer the pathway into C3 crops. However, comparativebiology has been of limited use to this endeavor because of uncertainty in the numberand phylogenetic placement of C4 origins.4 syndrome has made photosynthesis highly efficient in manygrasses, inspiring intensive efforts to engineer the pathway into C3 crops. However, comparativebiology has been of limited use to this endeavor because of uncertainty in the numberand phylogenetic placement of C4 origins.3 crops. However, comparativebiology has been of limited use to this endeavor because of uncertainty in the numberand phylogenetic placement of C4 origins.4 origins.\u2022 We built the most comprehensive and robust molecular phylogeny for grasses to date,expanding sampling efforts of a previous working group from 62 to 531 taxa, emphasizingthe C4-rich PACMAD (Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideaeand Danthonioideae) clade. Our final matrix comprises c. 5700 bp and is &gt; 93%complete.We built the most comprehensive and robust molecular phylogeny for grasses to date,expanding sampling efforts of a previous working group from 62 to 531 taxa, emphasizingthe C4-rich PACMAD (Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideaeand Danthonioideae) clade. Our final matrix comprises c. 5700 bp and is &gt; 93%complete.4-rich PACMAD (Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideaeand Danthonioideae) clade. Our final matrix comprises c. 5700 bp and is &gt; 93%complete.c. 5700 bp and is &gt; 93%complete.\u2022 For the first time, we present strong support for relationships among all the major grasslineages. Several new C4 lineages are identified, and previously inferred origins confirmed.C3\/C4 evolutionary transitions have been highly asymmetrical, with 22\u201324 inferred origins ofthe C4 pathway and only one potential reversal.For the first time, we present strong support for relationships among all the major grasslineages. Several new C4 lineages are identified, and previously inferred origins confirmed.C3\/C4 evolutionary transitions have been highly asymmetrical, with 22\u201324 inferred origins ofthe C4 pathway and only one potential reversal.4 lineages are identified, and previously inferred origins confirmed.C3\/C4 evolutionary transitions have been highly asymmetrical, with 22\u201324 inferred origins ofthe C4 pathway and only one potential reversal.3\/C4 evolutionary transitions have been highly asymmetrical, with 22\u201324 inferred origins ofthe C4 pathway and only one potential reversal.4 pathway and only one potential reversal.\u2022 Our backbone tree clarifies major outstanding systematic questions and highlights C3 andC4 sister taxa for comparative studies. Two lineages have emerged as hotbeds of C4 evolution.Future work in these lineages will be instrumental in understanding the evolution of thiscomplex trait.Our backbone tree clarifies major outstanding systematic questions and highlights C3 andC4 sister taxa for comparative studies. Two lineages have emerged as hotbeds of C4 evolution.Future work in these lineages will be instrumental in understanding the evolution of thiscomplex trait.4 sister taxa for comparative studies. Two lineages have emerged as hotbeds of C4 evolution.Future work in these lineages will be instrumental in understanding the evolution of thiscomplex trait.","palabras_clave":"phylogeny|C4&#61452; photo synthesis|poaceae|global change"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2047,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for a heavy Standard Model Higgs boson in the channel H->ZZ->llqq using the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for a heavy Standard Model Higgs boson decaying via H &#8594; Z Z &#8594;+&#8722;qq¯, where  = e,&#956;, ispresented. The search is performed using a data set of pp collisions at &#8730;s =7 TeV, corresponding to anintegrated luminosity of 1.04 fb&#8722;1 collected in 2011 by the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC collider. Nosigni&#64257;cant excess of events above the estimated background is found. Upper limits at 95% con&#64257;dence levelon the production cross section (relative to that expected from the Standard Model) of a Higgs bosonwith a mass in the range between 200 and 600 GeV are derived. Within this mass range, there is atpresent insu&#64259;cient sensitivity to exclude a Standard Model Higgs boson. For a Higgs boson with a massof 360 GeV, where the sensitivity is maximal, the observed and expected cross section upper limits arefactors of 1.7 and 2.7, respectively, larger than the Standard Model prediction.","palabras_clave":"Standard|Model|Higgs|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2049,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"NO influence on catalytic soot combustion. Lithium nitrate  and gold catalysts.","resumen":"The diesel soot combustion was studied using catalysts prepared by impregnation with lithium nitrate and\/or gold on zirconium oxide (ZrO2), hydrated zirconium oxide, and silica (SiO2). Catalysts were characterized by elemental analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Measurements of catalytic activity were performed in a fixed bed reactor with a NO\/O2 feed. The NO reacts with the Li2O generating ?in situ? lithium nitrate that participates in the oxidation of diesel soot and accelerates the reaction rate. All catalysts containing lithium nitrate exhibit a good activity for soot oxidation, and the gold addition substantially increases selectivity to CO2.","palabras_clave":"DIESEL SOOT|LITHIUM NITRATE|NOX"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2050,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Salmonella Typhimurium general virulence factors: a  battle of David against  Goliath?","resumen":"The genus Salmonella is the most common agent causative of foodborne diseases. Although genus SalmonellaSalmonella is the most common agent causative of foodborne diseases. Although genus Salmonellamembers are genetically close microorganisms, they show wide variations in host-specificity, virulence anddisease manifestations. Salmonellosis caused by contaminated water or food is usually present as two clinicalforms: typhoid fever and nontyphoidal diseases. The latter producing gastroenteritis is frequently caused byficity, virulence anddisease manifestations. Salmonellosis caused by contaminated water or food is usually present as two clinicalforms: typhoid fever and nontyphoidal diseases. The latter producing gastroenteritis is frequently caused bySalmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis. The nontyphoidal S. Typhimurium infection involves thefollowing steps: bacterial adhesion, invasion, SCV maturation and replication. During these steps there is astrong interaction between host and pathogen, in which the pathogen must resist different host defensemechanisms. In each of these stages the bacteria modulate the expression of diverse groups of genes, mostof which are encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPI). This modulation is in general under controlof the so-called two-component systems (TCS). The TCSs are capable of sensing different environmental conditionsand trigger a physiological response. Currently, the risk of contracting salmonellosis disease has beenconsiderably increased due to the emergence of new serovars showing multiple-drug resistance that presentsa high risk to human health. In this work, we summarize the new advances in the study of host\u2013pathogeninteractions during the Salmonella infection that leads to the establishment of the disease. This findinghighlights the role of the S. Typhimurium secretion systems and effectors during infection. In addition, wementioned some strategies that could be explored in order to take control of Salmonella infections.Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis. The nontyphoidal S. Typhimurium infection involves thefollowing steps: bacterial adhesion, invasion, SCV maturation and replication. During these steps there is astrong interaction between host and pathogen, in which the pathogen must resist different host defensemechanisms. In each of these stages the bacteria modulate the expression of diverse groups of genes, mostof which are encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPI). This modulation is in general under controlof the so-called two-component systems (TCS). The TCSs are capable of sensing different environmental conditionsand trigger a physiological response. Currently, the risk of contracting salmonellosis disease has beenconsiderably increased due to the emergence of new serovars showing multiple-drug resistance that presentsa high risk to human health. In this work, we summarize the new advances in the study of host\u2013pathogeninteractions during the Salmonella infection that leads to the establishment of the disease. This findinghighlights the role of the S. Typhimurium secretion systems and effectors during infection. In addition, wementioned some strategies that could be explored in order to take control of Salmonella infections.Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPI). This modulation is in general under controlof the so-called two-component systems (TCS). The TCSs are capable of sensing different environmental conditionsand trigger a physiological response. Currently, the risk of contracting salmonellosis disease has beenconsiderably increased due to the emergence of new serovars showing multiple-drug resistance that presentsa high risk to human health. In this work, we summarize the new advances in the study of host\u2013pathogeninteractions during the Salmonella infection that leads to the establishment of the disease. This findinghighlights the role of the S. Typhimurium secretion systems and effectors during infection. In addition, wementioned some strategies that could be explored in order to take control of Salmonella infections.\u2013pathogeninteractions during the Salmonella infection that leads to the establishment of the disease. This findinghighlights the role of the S. Typhimurium secretion systems and effectors during infection. In addition, wementioned some strategies that could be explored in order to take control of Salmonella infections.Salmonella infection that leads to the establishment of the disease. This findinghighlights the role of the S. Typhimurium secretion systems and effectors during infection. In addition, wementioned some strategies that could be explored in order to take control of Salmonella infections.S. Typhimurium secretion systems and effectors during infection. In addition, wementioned some strategies that could be explored in order to take control of Salmonella infections.Salmonella infections.","palabras_clave":"SALMONELLA|VIRULENCE|FACTORS|INFECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2052,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Asociaciones faunísticas del cuaternario de San Francisco, Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Implicancias bioestratigráficas y taxonómicas","resumen":"El esquema cronológico y biostratigráfico continental para el Cenozoico tardío de América del Sur fue establecido sobre los mamíferos fósiles de la Región Pampeana. Dicho esquema está constituido por Pisos\/Edades con base en Biozonas, cuyas localidades tipo para el Mioceno tardío\u2013Holoceno temprano se encuentran en la provincia de Buenos Aires. Para la provincia de Córdoba, los estudios geológicos y estratigráficos se intensificaron a partir de la década de 1990 y brindan un marco geológico apropiado para estudios biostratigráficos del Cuaternario. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un estudio bioestratigráfico de la localidad de San Francisco, centro-este de laprovincia de Córdoba, sobre la base de sus asociaciones de mamíferos y analizar las posibles correlaciones con el esquema propuesto para laRegión Pampeana. Se describen dos asociaciones faunísticas correspondientes a dos niveles estratigráficos: (1) la asociación faunística del nivel estratigráfico 2 compuesta por Lomaphorus sp., Neosclerocalyptus ornatus Owen, Catonyx tarijensis (Gervais y Ameghino), Scelidotheriinaeindet., cf. Macrauchenia patachonica Owen, Hemiauchenia paradoxa Gervais y Ameghino, Smilodon populator Lund y Panthera onca (Linnaeus), asignable al Ensenadense (Pleistoceno temprano\u2013medio) de la Región Pampeana; y (2) la asociación faunística del nivel estratigráfico 3 integrada por Neosclerocalyptus paskoensis (Zurita), Equus (Amerhippus) sp., Toxodon sp., Arctotherium sp. y cf. Lagostomus Brokes, asignable al Lujanense (Pleistoceno tardío\u2013Holoceno temprano) de la Región Pampeana. Se reportan nuevos registros para la provincia de Córdoba Neosclerocalyptus ornatus, Panthera onca y Arctotherium sp., este último representa el primer registro de la familia Ursidae.","palabras_clave":"BIOESTRATIGRAFÍA|CUATERNARIO|CORDOBA|MAMIFEROS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2053,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Age and magmatic evolution of the famatinian granitic rocks of sierra de Ancasti, Sierras Pampeanas, NW Argentina","resumen":"The granitic rocks of the Sierra deAncasti represent one of the easternmost outcrops of the Famatinian arc of theSierras Pampeanas.We report here new U-Pb SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS Ordovician agesand a petrological and geochemical study of the Las Cañadas I-type graniticcomplex in the central sector of Sierra de Ancasti.Numerical modelling indicates thatcalc-alkaline and metaluminous monzogranites (SiO2 = 69.8-73.0 wt.%)were produced by fractional crystallization of plagioclase-rich tonalite (~60%plagioclase and SiO2 = 60.9-62.5 wt.%) from an inferred parentalmagma of granodioritic composition (SiO2 = 67.4 wt.%). Sm-Nd isotopicdata on the dated rocks indicate a dominant continental crustal input, asreported for other Ordovician granitic rocks (Famatinian magmatism) fartherwest in the Sierras Pampeanas. Combined ages and isotopic data are consistentwith previous studies indicating that Famatinian magmatism was short-lived (~20Ma) and lacked a significant asthenospheric contribution. The occurrence of inheritedzircon andthe petrological and geochemicaldata from the Las Cañadas complex indicate that the parental magma was derivedfrom mixed igneous and sedimentary material in the source or by partial meltingof igneous rocks of different ages. Systematic dating of inherited zircon coresis required to clarify this issue. Zircon saturation geothermometry combinedwith geochemical data indicates that the onset of zircon crystallization,together with variable amounts of other minerals such as plagioclase, quartz,biotite, oxides and apatite, occurred when the parental magma reached 67 wt.%SiO2 with ~440 ppm of Zr at ~878 ºC.","palabras_clave":"U-Pb SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS ages|I-type granite|fractional crystallization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2054,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of Soybean Protein Concentrate \u2013 Stearic Acid\/Palmitic Acid Blend edible films.","resumen":"The effect of incorporating commercial stearic  acid\/palmitic acid blend (SA\/PA, 63\/37 wt %) into hydrophilic  soybean protein concentrate (SPC) film-forming solutions  at neutral and alkaline pH on some selected properties  of edible cast films was investigated. SA\/PA-added SPC film  exhibited a significant increase in translucency, being more  relevant for films obtained at pH 7. This was associated with  the more heterogeneous morphology of such films as  observed by scanning electron microscopy. Calorimetric  measurements and X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the  presence of crystalline fatty acids in films at pH 7 and new  crystalline structures at pH 10 due to interactions or reactions  between SPC and SA\/PA blend. Fourier Transform infrared  spectroscopy results confirmed the incorporation of fatty  acids into SPC and revealed the occurrence of interactions  between both components, depending on the film-forming  emulsion pH. Moisture absorption isotherms at high relative  humidity (RH) were determined and experimental data were  adequately fitted by Peleg\u2019s empirical equation. Control SPC  films produced at pH 7 were distinctly more moisture resistant  than those at pH 10 owing to the more charged protein  molecules at alkaline pH. The increased moisture resistance  of SA\/PA-added-SPC film at pH 10 was related to the more  homogeneous dispersion of fatty acid particles within the  protein matrix.","palabras_clave":"BIODEGRADABLE|SOYBEAN PROTEIN CONCENTRATE|EDIBLE FILMS|x-RAY DIFFRACTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2055,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mapping the galaxy NGC 4486 (M87) through its globular cluster system","resumen":"As shown in previous works, globular clusters (GCs) can be used to trace  the overall structure of the diffuse stellar populations in early-type  galaxies if the number of clusters per unit stellar mass depends on  metallicity. In this paper we further test this assumption in the galaxy  NGC 4486 (M87) by combining several data sources. The results show that  GCs allow the mapping of the galaxy in terms of the surface brightness  profile, integrated colour gradient, chemical abundance and  mass-to-luminosity ratios up to 1000 arcsec (or 80.4 kpc) from its  centre (i.e. some 10 effective radii). The analysis indicates the  presence of a dominant high-metallicity bulge associated with the red  globulars, whose ellipticity increases outwards, and of a more flattened  low-metallicity halo connected with the blue globulars. The chemical  abundance gradient of the composite stellar population is remarkably  similar to that inferred from X-ray observations of hot gas. The  mass-metallicity spectrum of the stellar population can, in principle,  be understood in terms of inhomogeneous enrichment models. In turn, the  distribution of the bluest GCs, and lowest metallicity halo stars, has  an intriguing similarity with that of dark matter, a feature shared with  NGC 1399. Also, in these two galaxies, the number of blue GCs per dark  mass unit is identical within the errors ~1.0(±0.3) ×  10^9. The total stellar mass derived for NGC 4486 is  6.8(±1.1) × 10^11 Msun with a  baryonic mass fraction fb= 0.08(±0.01).","palabras_clave":"Globular Cluster|Eliptical galaxies|Halos|cD galaxy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2056,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The globular cluster  kinematics and  galaxy dark matter content of NGC 3923","resumen":"This paper presents further results from our spectroscopic study of the  globular cluster (GC) system of the group elliptical NGC 3923. From  observations made with the GMOS instrument on the Gemini South  Telescope, an additional 50 GC and ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) candidates  have been spectroscopically confirmed as members of the NGC 3923 system.  When the recessional velocities of these GCs are combined with the 29 GC  velocities reported previously, a total sample of 79 GC\/UCD velocities  is produced. This sample extends to over 6 arcmin (&gt; 6  Re? 30 kpc) from the centre of NGC 3923 and is used to  study the dynamics of the GC system and the dark matter content of NGC  3923. It is found that the GC system of NGC 3923 displays no appreciable  rotation, and that the projected velocity dispersion is constant with  radius within the uncertainties. The velocity dispersion profiles of the  integrated light and GC system of NGC 3923 are indistinguishable over  the region in which they overlap. We find some evidence that the diffuse  light and GCs of NGC 3923 have radially biased orbits within ?130  arcsec. The application of axisymmetric orbit-based models to the GC and  integrated light velocity dispersion profiles demonstrates that a  significant increase in the mass-to-light ratio (from M\/LV= 8  to 26) at large galactocentricradii is required to explain this  observation. We therefore confirm the presence of a dark matter halo in  NGC 3923. We find that dark matter comprises 17.5? per cent of the mass  within 1 Re, 41.2? per cent within 2 Re and 75.6?  per cent within the radius of our last kinematic tracer at 6.9  Re. The total dynamical mass within this radius is found to  be ? Msun. In common with other studies of large  ellipticals, we find that our derived dynamical mass profile is  consistently higher than that derived by X-ray observations, by a factor  of around 2.","palabras_clave":"Globular clusters|Dark Matter|Eliptical galaxies|Halos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2059,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Associated expressions of FGFR-2 and FGFR-3: from mouse mammary gland physiology to human breast cancer","resumen":"Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are tyrosine kinase receptors which have been implicated in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4 protein expressions in normal murine mammary gland development, and in murine and human breast carcinomas. Using immunohistochemistry and Western blot, we report a hormonal regulation of FGFR during postnatal mammary gland development. Progestin treatment of adult virgin mammary glands resulted in changes in localization of FGFR-3 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, while treatment with 17-&#946;-estradiol induced changes in the expressions and\/or localizations of FGFR-2 and -3. In murine mammary carcinomas showing different degrees of hormone dependence, we found progestin-induced increased expressions, mainly of FGFR-2 and -3. These receptors were constitutively activated in hormone-independent variants. We studied three luminal human breast cancer cell lines growing as xenografts, which particularly expressed FGFR-2 and -3, suggesting a correlation between hormonal status and FGFR expression. Most importantly, in breast cancer samples from 58 patients, we found a strong association (P < 0.01; Spearman correlation) between FGFR-2 and -3 expressions and a weaker correlation of each receptor with estrogen receptor expression. FGFR-4 correlated with c-erbB2 over expression. We conclude that FGFR-2 and -3 may be mechanistically linked and can be potential targets for treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients.","palabras_clave":"FGFR2|FGFR3|HUMAN BREAST CANCER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2060,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On process optimization considering LCA methodology","resumen":"The goal of this work is to research the state-of-the-art in process optimization techniques and tools based on LCA, focused in the process engineering field. A collection of methods, approaches, applications, specific software packages, and insights regarding experiences and progress made in applying the LCA methodology coupled to optimization frameworks is provided, and general trends are identified. The ?cradle-to-gate? concept to define the system boundaries is the most used approach in practice, instead of the ?cradle-to-grave? approach. Normally, the relationship between inventory data and impact category indicators is linearly expressed by the characterization factors; then, synergic effects of the contaminants are neglected. Among the LCIA methods, the eco-indicator 99, which is based on the endpoint category and the panel method, is the most used in practice. A single environmental impact function, resulting from the aggregation of environmental impacts, is formulated as the environmental objective in most analyzed cases. SimaPro is the most used software for LCA applications in literature analyzed. The multi-objective optimization is the most used approach for dealing with this kind of problems, where the &#949;-constraint method for generating the Pareto set is the most applied technique.However, a renewed interest in formulating a single economic objective function in optimizationframeworks can be observed, favored by the development of life cycle cost software and progress made in assessing costs of environmental externalities. Finally, a trend to deal with multi-period scenarios into integrated LCA-optimization frameworks can be distinguished providing more accurate results upon data availability.","palabras_clave":"LCIA methods|LCA software|Optimization techniques|Integrated LCA-optimization frameworks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2062,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tomás Amadeo Vasconi y la radicalización del pensamiento político-pedagógico en las décadas del sesenta y setenta","resumen":"Las décadas del 50 y 60 fueron un período de profundas transformaciones para el conjunto de los países latinoamericanos. En la convergencia de estos cambios se inscribió un amplio y heterogéneo espectro de proyectos políticos que tendrán en común la voluntad de avanzar en una transformación social profunda. Todos estos procesos se dieron en el marco del crecimiento de la llamada «nueva izquierda», como también de la emergencia de distintas organizaciones guerrilleras en la región. La figura de Tomás Amadeo Vasconi resulta «paradigmática» como trayectoria biográfica, seguida por numerosos intelectuales provenientes de las ciencias sociales y de la educación que, en los convulsionados 60 y 70, iniciarían un proceso de radicalización política. El artículo analiza distintas etapas de su pensamiento educativo inicial de carácter desarrollista-funcionalista en Argentina; en Chile, donde se produce su conversión al marxismo vía estructuralismo francés. Y finalmente en su exilio en Panamá, Venezuela y Cuba, donde su reflexión se centra en las dictaduras militares y la revolución truncada en América Latina. El trabajo busca dar a conocer a un autor que ha sido relevante en la discusión sobre las tensiones educativo-políticas de esas décadas tan convulsionadas.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Vasconi|Intelectuales|Pensamiento pedagógico|Reproductivismo educativo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2068,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Screening of Argentine native fungal strains for biocontrol of the grasshopper Tropidacris collaris relationship between fungal pathogenicity and chitinolytic enzyme activity","resumen":"Tropidacris collaris (Orthoptera: Romaleidae)(Orthoptera: Romaleidae) 10 is a large and voracious grasshopper, which, in recent years,is a large and voracious grasshopper, which, in recent years, 11 has become a recurrent pest in increasingly extensive areashas become a recurrent pest in increasingly extensive areas 12 of Argentina\u2019s northern provinces. In the present work chi-of Argentina\u2019s northern provinces. In the present work chi- 13 tinase activity was measured in 59 entomopathogenic fungaltinase activity was measured in 59 entomopathogenic fungal 14 isolates native to Argentina, and the relationship betweenisolates native to Argentina, and the relationship between 15 enzymatic activity and fungal virulence was assessed. Isolateenzymatic activity and fungal virulence was assessed. Isolate 16 LPSC 1067 caused the highest mortality on T. collarisLPSC 1067 caused the highest mortality on T. collaris 17 nymphs (97.7 ± 1.22%). Nine isolates caused no mortality,nymphs (97.7 ± 1.22%). Nine isolates caused no mortality, 18 while the remaining 49 caused mortalities ranging from 6.6 ± 0.3% (LPSC 770) to 91.06 ± 1.51% (LPSC 906). 196.6 ± 0.3% (LPSC 770) to 91.06 ± 1.51% (LPSC 906). 19while the remaining 49 caused mortalities ranging from 6.6 ± 0.3% (LPSC 770) to 91.06 ± 1.51% (LPSC 906). 19± 0.3% (LPSC 770) to 91.06 ± 1.51% (LPSC 906). 19 Several isolates revealed chitinolytic capabilities on test 2020 plates, although the activities differed with respect to the 2121 ratio of the chitin-decay\u2013halo and fungal-colony diameters. 2222 A principal component analysis indicated that isolate LPSC 2323 1067, obtained froma long-horned grasshopper (Orthoptera: 2424 Tettigoniidae), would be a potential candidate for T. collaris 25T. collaris 25 biocontrol because the strain exhibited the highestmortality, 2626 a shorter median lethal time, and a high enzymatic activity 2727 and growth rate.","palabras_clave":"BIOCONTROL|CHITINASE ACTIVITY|ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI|TROPIDACRIS COLLARIS|GRASSHOPPER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2069,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"SIMULACION NUMERICA DE LA AGITACION EN TANQUES DE ALMACENAMIENTO DE LIQUIDOS MEDIANTE UNA ESTRATEGIA LAGRANGIANA EULERIANA ARBITRARIA","resumen":"La agitación de fluidos con superficie libre contenidos en tanques de   almacenamiento son numéricamente simulados mediante una formulación   lagrangiana-euleriana arbitraria. El fluido es considerado viscoso y   newtoniano, mientras que el   flujo se asume laminar e incompresible. Se emplea un código computacional particionado y distribuido, que resuelve tres instancias en cada paso de tiempo: (i) la determinación del estado en el fluido, representado por las ecuaciones de Navier­Stokes; (ii) el desplazamiento de la superficie libre; y (iii) la actualización de la posición de los nodos interiores de la malla de elementos finitos, que es deformada como consecuencia del desplazamiento de la superficie libre. El propósito del trabajo es verificar la aplicabilidad del método en problemas de agitación de solución conocida, así como también resolver algunos ejemplos prácticos. Los ejemplos numéricos incluyen la validación con soluciones analíticas, en las cuales el período de la onda y la tasa de amortiguamiento viscoso son bien capturadas, comparaciones con soluciones de referencia tomadas de otros autores y un caso de agitación inducida por acción sísmica.","palabras_clave":"mecánica de fluidos|superficie libre|agitación|método de los elementos finitos|estrategia lagrangiana-euleriana arbitraria|movimiento de malla"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2070,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis petrológico estructural del basamento encajonante del Batolito Cerro Áspero, Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba","resumen":"El presente trabajo aborda las relaciones de campo y los rasgos petrológicos y estructurales del basamento cristalino encajonante del Batolito Cerro Áspero, Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba. El complejo metamórfico está compuesto principalmente por metatexitas y diatexítas, de manera subordinada aparecen cuerpos de gneises biotíticos granatíferos, anfibolitas, filonitas, pequeños bancos de mármoles y cuerpos pegmatíticos graníticos. Se ha inferido para este conjunto litológico, un protolito heterogéneo que grada desde pelitas típicas a pelitas bajas en alúmina e inclusive grauvacas con cantidades subordinadas de rocas carbonáticas y vulcanitas. Estos estudios y las correlaciones regionales permitieron establecer una secuencia evolutiva para el área. ","palabras_clave":"Sierras de Comechingones|Petrología|Estructuras|Metamorfismo|Secuencia Evolutiva"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2071,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Search for Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Antigens for the Diagnosis of Paratuberculosis","resumen":"The aim of this study was to evaluate a wide panel of antigens of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) to select  candidates for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis (PTB). A total of 54 recombinant proteins were spotted onto nitrocellulose membranes and exposed to sera from animals with PTB (n=25), healthy animals (n=10), and animals experimentally infected  with M. bovis (n=8). This initial screening allowed us to select seven antigens: MAP 2513, MAP 1693, MAP 2020, MAP 0038, MAP 1272, MAP 0209c, and MAP 0210c, which reacted with sera from animals with PTB and showed little cross-reactivity with sera from healthy animals and animals experimentally infected with M. bovis. The second step was to evaluate the antigen cocktail of these seven antigens by ELISA. For this evaluation, we used sera from animals with PTB (n=25), healthy animals (  n=26), and animals experimentally infected with M. bovis (n=17). Using ELISA, the cocktail of the seven selected MAP antigens reacted with sera from 18 of the 25 animals with PTB and did not exhibit cross-reactivity with healthy animals and only low reactivity with animals with bovine tuberculosis. The combined application of these antigens could form part of a test which may help in the diagnosis of PTB.","palabras_clave":"Paratuberculosis|Diagnosis|antigens|Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2073,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Environmental pesticide distribution in horticultural and floricultural periurban production units","resumen":"The environmental pesticide distribution on non-target systems (soil, drift and agricultural plastics) during the application stage in small periurban production units (open field and greenhouses), was studied for various crops (tomato, lettuce, broccoli, strawberry and flowers) using different pesticides (endosulfan, procymidone, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin). In all cases, soil was the most exposed non-target system. For greenhouses, a general pesticide distribution was found of approximately 2\/3 for crop, 1\/4 for soil and 1\/20 for plastic, of the total amount applied. In horticultural open fields, although the distribution was very dependent on the crop size and type, soil was also the most exposed non-target subsystem. Pesticide drift seems not to be significant in these production units, whilst pesticide accumulation on agricultural plastics reached up to 45% of the total applied, for polyethylene mulching in strawberry fields.","palabras_clave":"Horticulture|Floriculture|Pesticide"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2074,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The inhibitory effect of progesterone on lactogenesis during pregnancy is already evident by  mid- to late gestation in rodents","resumen":"Lactogenesis is a very complex process highly dependent on hormonal regulation. In the present study the time-course of the inhibitory actions of progesterone on prolactin secretion, mammary gland morphology and lactogenesis from mid- to late gestation in rodents was investigated. Groups of pregnant rats were luteectomised or administered with mifepristone on Day 10, 13, 15 or 17 of gestation and decapitated 28 or 48 h later. Whole-blood samples and the inguinal mammary glands were taken for determinations of hormone levels and for measurement of mammary content of casein and lactose and for tissue morphology analyses, respectively. Luteectomy or mifepristone evoked prolactin increases only after Day 17 of gestation. Mammary content of casein was increased by both treatments regardless of timing or duration. Mifepristone was less effective than luteectomy in inducing lactose production and the effect was only observed after Day 15 of gestation. Analysis of mammary gland morphology confirmed the observed effect of progesterone on lactogenesis. Both treatments triggered remarkable secretory activity in the mammary gland, even without a parallel epithelial proliferation, demonstrating that the mammary epithelium is able to synthesise milk compounds long before its full lobulo?alveolar development is achieved, provided that progesterone action is abolished. Thus, the present study demonstrates that progesterone is a potent hormonal switch for the prolactin and prolactin-like effects on mammary gland development and its milk-synthesising capacity during pregnancy, and that its inhibitory action is already evident by mid-pregnancy in rodents.","palabras_clave":"CORPUS LUTEUM|LACTATION|MAMMARY GLAND"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2075,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The introduced bivalve Limnoperna fortunei boosts Microcystis growth in Salto Grande reservoir (Argentina): evidence from mesocosm experiments","resumen":"In order to assess the effects of the introduced bivalve Limnoperna fortunei on water-column properties of Salto Grande reservoir, experiments were conducted using six 400 L mesocosms: 2 with 100 mussels, 2 with 300 mussels, and 2 controls (without mussels). At 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days we measured nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations, counted and identified the phytoplankton, and estimated the density, size, and number of cells of the colonies of Microcystis spp. Cumulative periphyton growth and total accumulated sediments were assessed in all enclosures at the end of the experiment. Throughout the experiment, in the controls ammonia and phosphates dropped to near zero, whereas in the mesocosms with L. fortunei they increased 2 to 10-fold. Nitrates decreased in all mesocosms. In the presence of the mussel, chlorophyll a and algal cells dropped until day 3 increasing thereafter, whereas in the controls they increased from day 0. Periphyton growth and sediment accumulation were significantly higher in the mesocosms with mussels that in the controls. Cell density, proportion of colonial cells and colony size of Microcystis spp. increased in all enclosures, but these increases were dramatically (and very significantly) higher in enclosures with 100 and, especially, with 300 mussels, than in the controls. Our results indicate that L. fortunei modifies nutrient concentrations and proportions, and promotes aggregation of solitary Microcystis spp. cells into colonies; both these effects can favor blooms of this often noxious cyanobacteria.","palabras_clave":"LIMNOPERNA FORTUNEI|MICROCYSTIS|FILTRATION|ALGAL BLOOMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2076,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Responses of a Maritime Antarctic lake to a catastrophic draining event under a climate change scenario","resumen":"The limnological features of Lake Boeckella,the main water body of Esperanza\/Hope Bay (AntarcticPeninsula), were evaluated over a 16-year period, under aclimate change context evidenced by the increasing air temperaturetrend reported for this region for the last 50 years.We analyzed the physicochemical and phytoplankton dataof the lake obtained from 1991 to 2007 during the australsummers. At the beginning of January 2001, a sudden waterlevel drop (»3 m) occurred in Lake Boeckella as a consequenceof an extremely high water discharge to the sea.This was triggered by the progressive thawing of the permafrostin the basin of the system. After this disturbance,nutrients, conductivity, chlorophyll a (Chl a) and picoplanktondensity showed strong peaks. The pre-drainingand post-draining periods showed significant diferences formost of the limnological variables analyzed. Secchi diskdepth significantly decreased throughout the study period,resulting in a thinner euphotic layer. Chrysophyceae andVolvocales dominated the &gt;2 µm phytoplankton fraction inthe lake, but from 2004 onwards, other small-sized eukaryoticalgae (3\u20135 µm) also became very abundant. Autotrophicpicoplankton showed a significant peak during the summerwhen the water level decreased. A shift in their compositionwas observed through the study period: in 1998, picocyanobacteriawere numerically dominant; from 2002onwards, picoeukaryotes increased and became dominantin 2004. This study suggests that climate change may triggerthe thawing of the permafrost in the catchments ofMaritime Antarctic lakes, leading to catastrophic drainingevents, which favor natural eutrophication processes.","palabras_clave":"CLIMATE CHANGE|ANTARCTICA|LAKE|PHYTOPLANKTON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2077,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Participation of the 39-kDa glycoprotein (gp39) of the vitelline envelope of Bufo arenarum eggs in sperm-egg interaction","resumen":"The acquisition of egg fertilizability in Bufo arenarum takes   place during the oviductal transit and during this process the   extracellular coelomic envelope (CE) of the eggs is converted into the   vitelline envelope (VE). It has been stated that one of the necessary   events leading to a fertilizable state is the proteolytic cleavage of CE   glycoproteins in the oviductal pars recta by oviductin, a serine   protease. Consequently, there is a marked increase in the relative   quantity of glycoproteins with 39 (gp39) and 42 kDa (gp42) in the VE. In   the present study, sperm?VE binding assays using heat-solubilized   biotin-conjugated VE glycoproteins revealed that both gp39 and gp42 have   sperm binding capacity. According to this result, our study was focused   on gp39, a glycoprotein that we have previously reported as a homologue   of mammalian ZPC. For this purpose, rabbit polyclonal antibodies   against gp39 were generated at our laboratory. The specificity of the   antibodies was confirmed with western blot of VE glycoproteins separated   on SDS-PAGE. Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron studies showed gp39   distributed throughout the width of the VE. In addition,   immunofluorescence assays probed that gp39 bound to the sperm head.   Finally, as an approach to elucidate the possible involvement of gp39 in   fertilization, inhibition assays showed that pretreatment of eggs with   antibodies against gp39 generated a significant decrease in the   fertilization rate. Therefore, our findings suggest that gp39, which is   modified by oviductal action, participates as a VE glycoprotein ligand   for sperm in Bufo arenarum fertilization.","palabras_clave":"FERTILIZATION|OVIDUCTIN|SPERM-EGG INTERACTION|VITELLINE ENVELOPE|ZPC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2078,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Abrogation of spontaneous liver tolerance during immune response to Candida albicans: contribution of NKT and hepatic mononuclear cells'","resumen":"Hepatic mononuclear cells (HMC) are a heterogeneous population with innate immune properties involved in the response to several pathogens. Herein, during the primary infection with Candida albicans, we observed dynamic changes in CD31, NK1 and NKT1 intrahepatic lymphoid subsets and  15 a significant increase in the absolute number of antigen-presenting cells (APC). The liver tolerogenic microenvironment sustained by higher levels of IL-10, transforming growth factor-b and IL-4 was severely modified upon the robust IFN-g production after the fungal colonization. NKT cells purified from infected animals released significant amounts of IFN-gamma and the production of this cytokine was exacerbated after a second contact with the fungus. Interestingly, C. albicans per se was unable 20 to activate tolerogenic NKT cells from naive animals. In vitro experiments performed with HMC cells depleted of the CD11b\/c1 population revealed that in the absence of APC, NKT cells are unable to produce IFN-g in response to C. albicans. Our findings constitute the first evidence that this innate lymphocyte population is involved in the pathogenesis of C. albicans infection.","palabras_clave":"IFN-GAMMA|TLR2|TOLEROGENIC CYTOKINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2081,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High salinity induces dehydrin accumulation in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. cv. Hualhuas embryos","resumen":"Background and Aims Chenopodium quinoa can grow at altitudes of 3,600\u20134,000 masl and isadapted to the highly arid conditions typical of the salty soils in the South American Altiplano, with less than 250 mm of annual rain and temperatures below 0°C. The aim of the study was to&nbsp; investigate the effect of salinity on the dehydrin content of mature embryos harvested from&nbsp; salt-stressed Chenopodium quinoa cv. Hualhuas plants grown at 100 to 500 mM NaCl. To date, no studies exist on the dehydrins of seeds from saltstressed plants, although dehydrins in the root, stems and leaves have been reported as an adaptation to water deficit produced by salinity.Methods Dehydrin-like protein detection was carried out with an antiserum raised against a highlyconserved lysine-rich 15-amino acid sequence known as the K-segment, which is capable of recognizing&nbsp; proteins immunologically related to the dehydrin family. Results Dehydrins were analyzed in embryos by both western blot and in situ immunolocalization. Westernblot analysis detected at least four dehydrins (55, 50, 34, and 30 kDa) in seeds harvested from quinoa salt stressed plants treated under a wide range of salinities. The 30 kDa dehydrin increased its accumulation in both 300 and 500 mM NaCl growth conditions as revealed by densitometric analyses. Dehydrin subcellular localization was mostly nuclear at 500 mM of NaCl. A phosphatase treatment of protein extracts caused a mobility shift of the 34 and 30 kDa dehydrin bands&nbsp; suggesting a putative modulation mechanism based on protein phosphorylation. Conclusions We propose that these novel observations regarding dehydrin accumulation, subcellularlo calization and phosphorylation state are related to the high salt stress tolerant phenotype previously reported on this cultivar.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"CHENOPODIUM QUINOA|EMBRYO DEHYDRINS|DEHYDRIN IN SITU IMMUNOLOCALIZATION|DEHYDRIN WESTERN BLOT|SALT STRESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2082,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Anatomy and histology of the male reproductive tract and spermatogenesis fine structure in the lesser ant-eater (Tamandua tetradactyla, Myrmecophagidae, Xenarthra). Morphological evidences of reproductive functions.","resumen":"The anatomy and histology of the male genital tract of the lesser anteater werestudied. Fine details of spermatozoa regarding their genesis and morphologywere also studied in six adult specimens. The testes lie in the pelvic cavity. Thedeferent duct emerges from the epididymis and opens into the ejaculatoryduct, which drains into the membranous urethra. Accessory glands (prostate,seminal vesicle and bulbourethral gland) are histologically similar to thosedescribed in other mammals. The short penis presents an urethral orifice, whilethe corpus spongiosum becomes thinner at the end indicating the absence of ahistologically defined glans. The seminiferous epithelium shows: (1) Sertoli cellswith deep nuclear indentations, (2) spermatogonia with crusty-like chromatin,(3) spermatocytes at different stages of maturation and (4) three morphologicallydistinct stages of spermatid differentiation according to nuclear shape,acrosome development and chromatin condensation. Sperm heads appear oval.The length of the spermatozoa averages 67.33 ± 1.60 lm. Two specimens withinactive spermatogenesis were azoospermic. Their testes and epididymis presentedsizes smaller than those with active spermatogenesis. These studiestogether with others in anteaters may contribute to successful breeding inconservation programmes.","palabras_clave":"genital tract|lesser anteater|sperm morphology|Xenarthra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2083,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Propuesta metodológica para la cartografía periódica de la cobertura del suelo en Latinoamérica y el Caribe: estado de situación y avances","resumen":"Este trabajo fue desarrollado en el marco de la Red Latinoamericana de Seguimiento y Estudio delos Recursos Naturales (SERENA) en respuesta a la gran necesidad existente de contar con informaciónde cobertura del suelo, con una resolución espacial media, en la región de Latinoamérica y el Caribe(LAC). En el presente artículo se detalla la metodología y se presentan los resultados preliminaresobtenidos para la cartografía de la cubierta super-ficial de LAC para el año 2008.","palabras_clave":"cobertura del suelo|Latinoamérica y Caribe|árboles de decisión|MODIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2086,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sucrose acceptance threshold: a way to measure sugar perception in ants","resumen":"Variation in the perception of sweet taste is a well-known phenomenon in the animal kingdom. Well-established protocols for measuring sucrose responsiveness in non-social insects and honeybees have made it possible to understand many aspects of their biology and behaviour.  Ants are also advanced social insects that present a plethora of life histories with diverse strategies and behaviours; however, a universal paradigm possible to measure this response in different ant species has not yet been developed. Here, we present a protocol for measuring thesucrose acceptance threshold (SAT)under controlled conditions in harnessed ants with different feeding habits. By testing the response to antennal and palp sucrose stimulation and using the occurrence of licking as the response,we developed a non-ambiguous evaluation that allowed easy detection of threshold changes. The results showed that the response to  both antennal and palp stimulation varied widely among species. Some  pecies licked in response to antennal stim-ulation while others did so in response to palp stimulation. Using the appropriate kind of stimulation, we tested the SAT protocol in ants of different genera and ants of the  same species with different levels of sugar reserve. The differences  etected in both cases imply that the protocol is appropriate for measuring and detecting variations in sugar perception in ants.","palabras_clave":"ANT|SUCROSE RESPONSIVENESS|TASTE|RESPONSE TRESHOLD|LICKING BEHAVIOUR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2087,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"TiO2-photocatalytic treatment coupled with biological systems for the elimination of benzalkonium chloride in water","resumen":"TiO2 heterogeneous photocatalysis (HP) applied to the oxidation of benzalkonium chloride (BKC), a bactericide  widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations and risky for the biota, is presented.  Although BKC is rapidly degraded by HP, mineralization degree is low, indicating the formation of intermediate  compounds more resistant to the photocatalytic treatment.  Combination of HP with a biological treatment improves the treatment. Both, use of TiO2-photocatalysis  as a pretreatment to improve the biodegradability of wastewaters and as a polishing decontamination  step after a biological treatment are analyzed. The biotreatment can be used when the effluent  contains a relatively low BKC concentration and enough nutrients and carbon to sustain the life of the  biomass. The bioreactor reduces both COD and BKC concentration. Once the level of COD is reduced, photocatalysis  can be used for the total BKC elimination from the solution. On the other hand, HP can be used  to reduce BKC concentration in effluents containing mostly this compound. Once the BKC concentration is  low enough to be innocuous to the biomass, the effluent can be combined with a solution containing  nutrients and carbon and treated by the biological method","palabras_clave":"BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE|PHOTOCATALYSIS|TiO2|BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2088,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Detecting areas of endemism with a taxonomically diverse data set: plants, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds and insects from Argentina","resumen":"The idea of an area of endemism implies that different groups of plants and animals should have largely coincident distributions. This paper analyses an area of 1152&#8195;000&#8195;km2, between parallels 21 and 32°S and meridians 70 and 53°W to examine whether a large and taxonomically diverse data set actually displays areas supported by different groups. The data set includes the distribution of 805 species of plants (45 families), mammals (25 families), reptiles (six families), amphibians (five families), birds (18 families), and insects (30 families), and is analysed with the optimality criterion (based on the notion of endemism) implemented in the program NDM\/VNDM. Almost 50% of the areas obtained are supported by three or more major groups; areas supported by fewer major groups generally contain species from different genera, families, or orders.","palabras_clave":"Areas of endemism|Argentina|Plants; Mammals; Reptiles; Amphibians; Birds; Insect"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2090,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tectonostratigraphic analysis of the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic syn-rift  sequence of the Neuquén Basin in the Sañicó depocentre,  Neuquén Province, Argentina","resumen":"Tectonostratigraphic analysis of the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic syn-rift sequence of the Neuquén Basin in the Sañicó depocentre, Neuquén Province, Argentina. The Neuquén Basin constitutes one of the most distinctive features of the Andean margin during Mesozoic times. The initial syn-rift infill (Upper Triassic \u2013 Lower Jurassic) of this extensional basin involved profuse magmatic activity. The high-quality outcrops of the southern Sañicó depocentre, which was uplifted and exposed during the Andean orogeny, were studied in order to determine the lithofacies arrangements, the tectonostratigraphic framework and the main controls over the syn-rift succession. The syn-rift fill consists of a complex stacking of lava, pyroclastic and sedimentary units, in which volcanic rocks compose up to 72 % of the infill. The stratigraphic and facies analysis established the different components of the syn-rift sequence with their lateral and vertical distributions. The tectonostratigraphic study made it possible to determine three sections characterized by the predominance of effusive, pyroclastic or sedimentary deposits. These sections indicate three different evolutionary stages of the volcanic rifting. The onset of this rift stage was dominated by effusive volcanic rocks with minor ignimbrite and alluvial volcaniclastic units, which indicates the occurrence of composite volcanoes at the boundaries of the depocentre. The mid-rift stage was characterized by the development of fault-controlled, large ignimbrite deposits intebedded with volcaniclastic alluvial deposits and lava units, which suggests a volcano-tectonic depression related to asymmetrical and incremental subsidence. The end of the volcanic rifting event was marked by a decrease in the volume of the volcanic rocks and the occurrence of low-relief effusive aggradational volcanic edifices and lava fields in close relation with alluvial, deltaic and lacustrine units. The analysis of the syn-rift sequence in the Sañicó depocentre showed the complex relationships between tectonic and volcanic controls which occurred in different magnitudes and times during the rifting evolution.","palabras_clave":"NEUQUÉN BASIN|SYN-RIFT|TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHY|VOLCANISM AND SEDIMENTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2092,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Docking applied to the study of inhibitors of c-Met kinase","resumen":"Quinoxaline derivatives were studied as inhibitors of c-Met kinase, a receptor associated with high tumor grade and poor prognosis in a number of human cancers. In this paper we used docking methodologies to predict the binding conformation of a set of quinoxalines and to explain the differences of biological activities previously reported.","palabras_clave":"QUINOXALINES|CANCER|DOCKING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2093,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemokine receptor CCR1 disruption limits renal damage in a murine model of hemolytic uremic syndrome","resumen":"Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli is the main etiologic agent causing the Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), a microangiophatic disease characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. Although Stx direct cytotoxic effect on endothelial cells is the primary pathogenic event, there is evidence that points to the inflammatory response mediated by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and monocytes as a key event during HUS development. Because the chemokine receptor CCR1 participates in the pathogenesis of several renal diseases by orchestrating myeloid cell kidney infiltration, we specifically addressed the contribution of CCR1 in a murine model of HUS. We showed that Stx type 2 (Stx2)-treated CCR1-\/- mice have an increased survival rate associated with less functional and histological renal damage compared to control mice. Stx2-triggered neutrophilia and monocytosis as well as PMN and monocyte renal infiltration were significantly reduced and delayed in CCR1-\/- mice compared to control mice. In addition, the increase of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-á and IL-6 in plasma was delayed in CCR1-\/- mice compared to control mice. These data demonstrate that CCR1 participates in cell recruitment to the kidney and in the amplification of the inflammatory response contributing to HUS development.&nbsp; Blockade of CCR1 could be important to design future therapies to restrain the inflammatory response involved in HUS. ","palabras_clave":"HUS|Shiga toxin|chemokines|CCR1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2094,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interaction of Chitosan with mono and di- valent anions in aqueous solution studied by cyclic voltammetry at a water\/1,2 - dichloroethane interface","resumen":"The interaction of the cationic polyelectrolyte chitosan (CHI), of different molecular weights, with two anions, picrate (Pi&#8722;) and eosin (Eo2&#8722;), in water was analyzed at pH 2.50 and 5.00. For this purpose the anions transfer current across a water\/1,2-dichloroethane interface was employed to quantify anions concentration in absence or in presence of CHI. When CHI was added in increasing amounts to aqueous solutions containing Eo2&#8722; or Pi&#8722;, a gradual decrease in current values was observed, evidencing the binding of the anions to the polymer. This effect was more important at low pH values and for CHI with the highest molecular weight. From the results it is concluded that the interaction Eo2&#8722;-CHI is stronger than the corresponding to Pi&#8722;, probably due to the higher negative charge, and therefore the more pronounced hydrophilic nature of the first anion, which could lead to favour the electrostatic interactions with the cationic polyelectrolyte.&#8722;) and eosin (Eo2&#8722;), in water was analyzed at pH 2.50 and 5.00. For this purpose the anions transfer current across a water\/1,2-dichloroethane interface was employed to quantify anions concentration in absence or in presence of CHI. When CHI was added in increasing amounts to aqueous solutions containing Eo2&#8722; or Pi&#8722;, a gradual decrease in current values was observed, evidencing the binding of the anions to the polymer. This effect was more important at low pH values and for CHI with the highest molecular weight. From the results it is concluded that the interaction Eo2&#8722;-CHI is stronger than the corresponding to Pi&#8722;, probably due to the higher negative charge, and therefore the more pronounced hydrophilic nature of the first anion, which could lead to favour the electrostatic interactions with the cationic polyelectrolyte.","palabras_clave":"LIQUID\/LIQUID INTERFACES|CHITOSAN|PICRATE|EOSIN|POLYELECTROLITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2095,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adsorption of ammonia on vanadium antimony mixed oxides","resumen":"We analyzed the adsorption of ammonia (NH3) on the VSbO4(1 1 0) catalyst surface using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We followed the evolution of the chemical bonds between different atoms of the resulting NH3\/VSbO4 system and the changes in the electronic structure of the catalyst. NH3 preferential adsorption geometries were analyzed through the crystal orbital overlap population (COOP)concept and the density of states (DOS) curves. The VSbO4(1 1 0) surface exhibits Lewis and Brønsted acid sites on which the ammonia molecule can interact. On the Lewis acid site, NH3 adsorption resulted in the interaction between the N and a surface V-isolated cation. On Brønsted acid site, N interacted with a surface H coming from the chemical dissociation of water. The COOP analysis indicate that NH3 interaction on the VSbO4(1 1 0) surface is weak. In addition, the DOS curves show more developed electronic interactions for NH3 adsorption on Lewis acid site than over Brønsted acid site.","palabras_clave":"DFT|VSbO4|NH3"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2097,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seed science in the 21 st century. Its role in emerging economies.","resumen":"Emerging economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China and  other countries) are expected to play a major role in the  global economy during the 21st century. Some of these  countries have exceptional soil and climate characteristics  that determine evident advantages for food  production. These features, combined with a rapid  adoption of technologies generated by industrialized  economies (i.e. transgenic crops and others), have  been instrumental to fast expansion of agricultural  production in recent years. For such reasons, some of  these economies are strongly based on production  of food commodities (agriculture represents 18.3, 12.6,  9.4 and 8.1% of the gross domestic product of India,  China, Argentina and Brazil, respectively) and have a  great share in global food production. Despite the  mentioned characteristics that make agricultural  activity so efficient in these countries, generation of  new technologies in order to guarantee the systems\u2019  sustainability and add value to agricultural production  (by means of, for example, royalties or technologies  generated with local criteria) relies on research  carried out in areas such as crop science, biotechnology,  ecology, plant breeding and, of course, seed  science. However, the amount of local research carried  out in these countries appears not to be in agreement  with the importance that agricultural production has in  their economies. For example, Argentina produces  16.20% of the soybean produced in the world but only  2% of the scientific literature related to this crop in its  many aspects. This imbalance between the weight  that agricultural production has on these economies  and generation of knowledge in the related disciplines,  threatens the sustainability of these economic  models and, therefore, of global food production.  Seed science, then, is called on to play a major role  in these emerging economies, through the different  approaches (i.e. ecological, physiological, agronomical  and molecular) that the discipline has to offer.  Here we provide four examples in which seed science  (through any of the four approaches mentioned above):  (1) has identified subtle but crucial components of  newly adopted production systems; (2) has proposed  means for their adjustment in order to secure the  sustainability of those systems; and (3) might help  to add value to agricultural production through the  development of new germplasm displaying specific  features (e.g. timing of dormancy release adjusted to  industrial necessities).","palabras_clave":"emerging economies|food production|seed science"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2098,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lipid profiling by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and the identification of lipid phosphorylation  by kinases in potato stolons","resumen":"There is limited information about the involvement of lipids and esterified fatty acids in signaling pathways during plant development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the lipid composition and molecular species of potato (Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Spunta) stolons and to identify phosphorylated lipids in the first two developmental stages of tuber formation. Lipid profiling was determined using ESI-MS\/MS, a useful method for the determination of the biosynthesis and catabolism of lipids based on their fatty acid composition. The most prevalent compound identified in this study was phosphatidic acid (PA); digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) was the second most abundant compound. A 34:2 species was identified in PA, phos-phatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The identification of lipid phosphorylation by kinases was revealed by the presence of the phosphorylated lipids. PA was metabolized to diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) by phosphatidic acid kinase (PAK). This work establishes a correlation between lipid fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism enzymes at the beginning of tuber formation and is the first report of PAK activity in the early events of potato tuber formation.","palabras_clave":"Solanum tuberosum|Potato|Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry|Phospholipid"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2100,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemotherapy and Autophagy-Mediated Cell Death in Pancreatic Cancer Cells","resumen":"Pancreatology. 2012 Jan;12(1):1-7. Epub  2011 Nov 20.    Chemotherapy and autophagy-mediated cell death in pancreatic cancer cells.    Ropolo A, Bagnes CI, Molejon MI, Lo Re A, Boggio V, Gonzalez CD, Vaccaro MI.        Source    Department   of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of   Buenos Aires, 956 Junin p5, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina.    Abstract    Autophagy   is an evolutionarily preserved degradation process of cytoplasmic   cellular constituents and plays important physiological roles in human   health and disease. It has been proposed that autophagy plays an   important role both in tumor progression and in promotion of cancer cell   death, although the molecular mechanisms responsible for this dual   action of autophagy in cancer have not been elucidated. Pancreatic   ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies   with 2-3% five-year survival rate. Its poor prognosis has been   attributed to the lack of specific symptoms and early detection tools,   and its relatively refractory to traditional cytotoxic agents and   radiotherapy. Experimental evidence pointed at autophagy as a pancreatic   cancer cell mechanism to survive under adverse environmental   conditions, or as a defective programmed cell death mechanism that   favors pancreatic cancer cell resistance to treatment. Here, we consider   several phenotypical alterations that have been related to increase or   decrease the autophagic process in pancreatic tumor cells. We specially   review autophagy as a cell death mechanism in response to   chemotherapeutic drugs.","palabras_clave":"AUTOPHAGY|CELL DEATH|PANCREATIC CANCER|CHEMOTHERAPY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2101,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A triclinic polymorph of cyclo -tetra-&#956;-thiosaccharinato- &#954;8S :S -tetrakis[(triphenylphosphane-&#954;P )silver(I)]","resumen":"The triclinic structure of the title compound, cyclo-tetrakis(-1,1-dioxo-16,2-benzothiazole-3-thiolato-2S:S)tetrakis[(triphenylphosphane-P)silver(I)], [Ag4(C7H4NO2S2)4(C18H15-P)4], is a polymorph of the previously reported monoclinicstructure [Dennehy, Mandolesi, Quinzani &amp; Jennings (2007).Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 633, 2746\u20132752]. In both polymorphs,the complex lies on a crystallographic inversion centre and thebond distances are closely comparable. Some differences canbe found in the interatomic angles and torsion anglesinvolving the inner Ag4S4 skeleton. The polymorphs containessentially identical two-dimensional layers, but with differentlayer stacking arrangements. In the triclinic form, all layers arerelated by lattice translation, while in the monoclinic formthey are arranged around glide planes so that adjacent layersare mirrored with respect to each other.","palabras_clave":"Complejos de Plata|Tiosacarinato"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2102,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemical detection of the thermal stability of n-alkanethiolate monolayers on Au(1 1 1)","resumen":"The thermal stability of alkanethiolate monolayers of different chain lengths was investigated on   Au(111)  by means of electrochemical reductive desorption and  AC  impedance measurements.   The thermal desorption was performed by heating the freshly prepared monolayers between 298   and 573 K  in a home-built device under  a  nitrogen atmosphere. The samples were  then   transferred to an electrochemical  cell  and were examined by means of AC impedance   spectroscopy  and reductive desorption experiments at 298 K. The electrochemical experiments   allowed an accurate detection of the coverage of alkanethiolate molecules as a function of heating   temperature. The electrochemical detection of the thermal stability  allowed us to determine the   desorption temperature and the activation  energy barrier for the desorption process without the   need for ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions. The energy barriers for the desorption process are   nearly insensitive to the chain length. Density function theory calculations including van der   Waals (vdW) interactions were performed to obtain some insights into the nature of the   desorption process. We conclude that the monolayer is in a disordered liquid state prior to   desorption with most vdW interactions broken.","palabras_clave":"ppp|ooo|llll|mmmm"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2103,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cytokine Production Is Altered in Monocytes from Children with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","resumen":"AbstractPURPOSE:The interaction of Shiga toxin (Stx) and\/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with monocytes (Mo) may be central to the pathogenesis of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), providing the cytokines necessary to sensitize endothelial cells to Stx action. We have previously demonstrated phenotypical alterations in Mo from HUS patients, including increased number of CD16+ Mo. Our aim was to investigate cytokine production in Mo from HUS patients.METHODS:We evaluated TNF-&#945; and IL-10 intracellular contents and secretion in the different Mo subsets in mild (HUS 1) and moderate\/severe (HUS 2&#8201;+&#8201;3) patients. As controls, we studied healthy (HC) and infected children (IC). We also studied Mo responsive capacity towards LPS, measuring the modulation of Mo surface molecules and cytokine production.RESULTS:In basal conditions, the intracellular measurement of TNF-&#945; and IL-10 revealed that the highest number of cytokine-producing Mo was found in HUS 2&#8201;+&#8201;3 and IC, whereas LPS caused a similar increase in TNF-&#945; and IL-10-producing Mo for all groups. However, when evaluating the release of TNF-&#945; and IL-10, we found a diminished secretion capacity in the entire HUS group and IC compared to HC in basal and LPS conditions. Similarly, a lower Mo response to LPS in HUS 2&#8201;+&#8201;3 and IC groups was observed when surface markers were studied.CONCLUSION:These results indicate that Mo from severe cases of HUS, similar to IC but different to mild HUS cases, present functional changes in Mo subpopulations and abnormal responses to LPS","palabras_clave":"SHIGA TOXIN|HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME|MONOCYTES|CYTOKINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2105,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 acetylcholinesterase is encoded by the PA4921 gene and belongs to the SGNH hydrolase family","resumen":"Through the use of molecular and biochemical experiments and bioinformatic tools, this work demonstrates that the PA4921 gene of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 genome is a gene responsible for cholinesterase (ChoE) activity. Similar to the acetylcholinesterase (AchE) of Zea mays, this ChoE belongs to the SGNH hydrolase family. In mature ChoE, i.e., without a signal peptide, (18)Ser, (78)Gly, (127)N, and (268)H are conserved aminoacyl residues. Acetylthiocholine (ATC) and propionylthiocholine (PTC) are substrates of this enzyme, but butyrylcholine is an inhibitor. The enzyme also catalyzes the hydrolysis of the artificial esters p-nitrophenyl propionate (pNPP) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (pNPB) but with lower catalytic efficiency with respect to ATC or PTC. The second difference is that pNPP and pNPB did not produce inhibition at high substrate concentrations, as occurred with ATC and PTC. These differences plus preliminary biochemical and kinetic studies with alkylammonium compounds led us to propose that this enzyme is an acetylcholinesterase (AchE) or propionylcholinesterase. Studies performed with the purified recombinant enzyme indicated that the substrate saturation curves and the catalytic mechanism are similar to those properties described for mammalian AchEs. Therefore, the results of this work suggest that the P. aeruginosa ChoE is an AchE that may also be found in Pseudomonas fluorescens","palabras_clave":"Pseudomonas|Cholinesterase|PA4921 gene|SGNH hydrolase family"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2106,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The effect of humic acid binding to magnetite nanoparticles on the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species","resumen":"The goal of this study was to investigate how the binding of humic acids (HA) to magnetite nanoparticles affects the ability of the HA to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation. To this end, magnetite  nanoparticles coated with two different HA were prepared by the co-precipitation method. These particles were characterized by several techniques. The nanoparticle-sensitized quantum yield of singlet oxygen generation (UD) at kexc = 400 nm and the quantum efficiencies (kexc = 300?550 nm) of hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide generation were measured and compared to the corresponding quantum yields obtained from solutions of the free HA. Despite being bonded to the magnetite nanoparticles, the HA are still able to generate ROS upon irradiation. As with free HA, the yields of ROS generation by the magnetite-bonded HA depend on the particular HA involved","palabras_clave":"REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES|HUMIC ACIDS|MAGNETITE NANOPARTICLES|SINGLET OXYGEN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2107,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of Imprinted Microbeads Synthesized via Minisuspension Polymerization","resumen":"The properties of MIPs synthesized by minisuspension polymerization are   studied. The template is cyclododecyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate (1),   which behaves as good mimic of the estrogenic mycotoxin zearalenone.   2-DAEM and EGDMA are used as functional and crosslinker monomers,   respectively. The synthesized particles are characterized by optical and   electronic microscopy, N2 sorption measurements, and FT-IR   spectroscopy. The molecular recognition capability of MIPs is evaluated   by comparing the adsorption Freundlich isotherms of MIPs to those of the   corresponding non-imprinted polymers. It is concluded that MSP is an   attractive alternative for molecular imprinting because it is easy to   apply and produces high yield of spherical particles of ?tunable? size   with acceptable molecular recognition capabilities.","palabras_clave":"affinity binding site distribution|heterogeneous polymers|high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)|minisuspension polymerization|molecular imprinting"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2108,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Enhancement of anthraquinone production in Morinda citrifolia cell suspension cultures after stimulation of the proline cycle with two proline analogs","resumen":"Synthesis of anthraquinones (AQs) involves  the shikimate and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-  phosphate pathways. The proline cycle is linked to  the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to generate  NADPH needed in the first steps of this pathway. The  effect of two proline analogs, azetidine-2-carboxylic  acid (A2C) and thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (T4C),  were evaluated in Morinda citrifolia suspension  cultures. Both analogs gave higher proline accumulation  after 6 and 10 days (68 and 179% after 6 days  with A2C at 25 and 50 lM, respectively, and 111%  with T4C added at 100 lM). Induction of the proline  cycle increased the AQ content after 6 days (*40%  for 50 lM A2C and 100 lM T4C). Whereas A2C  (50 lM) increased only AQ production, T4C also  enhanced total phenolics. However, no induction of  the PPP was observed with any of the treatments. This  pathway therefore does not limit the supply of carbon  skeletons to secondary metabolic pathways.","palabras_clave":"Anthraquinones|Morinda citrifolia|Suspension cultures|Proline cycle"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2111,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental study of the compaction response of jute fabrics in liquid composite molding processes","resumen":"The maximum compaction pressure, permanent  deformation, and stress relaxation of the preforms were found to be dependent  on the final fiber volume fraction and the compaction speed. Higher compaction  speeds led to higher compaction pressures, stress relaxation, and permanent  deformation. On the other hand, as the fiber content was raised, the maximum compaction  pressure and the permanent deformation increased, while the stress relaxation  decreased. In addition, it was found that the structure of natural fibers  affected the compaction behavior of the preforms. Each fiber is composed of  several hollow elementary fibers, which collapsed due to the compressive  loading. Furthermore it was found that fluid absorption reduced the compaction  pressure in natural fiber preforms due to fiber softening.","palabras_clave":"Natural fibers|fabrics\/textiles|Liquid composite molding (LCM)|Compresion molding"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2112,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Effect of the external outer electrode in plasma-focus discharges'","resumen":"The pinching ef&#64257;ciency of a plasma focus operating with an open cathode was studied by reconstructing the temporal evolution of the inductance of the plasma-electrodes system. It was found that the performance as a neuron generator is substantially reduced compared with the same device con&#64257;gured with a surrounding cage-like cathode. In particular, no pinching occurred in 30 shots performed at 1, 2 and 3mbar without outer electrode.","palabras_clave":"Plasma Focus|Electrical diagnosis|Inductance|Cathode"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2113,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Optical smart packaging to reduce transmitted information","resumen":"Abstract: We demonstrate a smart image-packaging optical technique that uses what we believe is a new concept to save byte space when transmitting data. The technique supports a large set of images mapped into modulated speckle patterns. Then, they are multiplexed into a single package. This operation results in a substantial decreasing of the final amount of bytes of the package with respect to the amount resulting from the addition of the images without using the method. Besides, there are no requirements on the type of images to be processed. We present results that proof the potentiality of the technique.","palabras_clave":"FOURIER OPTICS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING|DATA PROCESSING BY OPTICAL MEANS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2114,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stress testing of valsartan. Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography stability-indicating assay","resumen":"Stress  testing studies were carried out on Valsartan (VAL) under hydrolytic (acidic,&nbsp; basic and neutral), photolytic, oxidative and  thermal (in the solid state) conditions. Relevant&nbsp; degradation was observed when the drug was  exposed to photolytic conditions, where two&nbsp;  degradants (DP-1 and DP-2) were produced and when submitted to acid  hydrolysis, which&nbsp; yielded one  degradation product (DP-3). A high performance liquid chromatography method&nbsp; for the simultaneous determination of VAL and  its degradation products was developed,&nbsp; optimized  employing experimental design strategies and validated, employing fully&nbsp; characterized standards of the degradation  products. The results proved the stabilityindicating property of the method. ","palabras_clave":"DRUG IMPURITIES|EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN APPROACH|STABILITY-INDICATING METHOD|VALIDATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2115,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dirac equation in a de Sitter expansion for massive neutrinos from modern Kaluza-Klein theory","resumen":"Using the modern Kaluza\u2013Klein theory of gravity (or the Induced Matter theory), we study the Dirac equation for massive neutrinos on a de Sitter background metric from a 5D Riemann-flat (and hence Ricci-flat) extended de Sitter metric, on which is defined the vacuum for test massless 1\/2-spin neutral fields minimally coupled to gravity and free of any other interactions. We obtain that the effective 4D masses of the neutrinos can only take three possible values, which are related to the (static) foliation of the fifth and noncompact extra dimension.","palabras_clave":"Induced-Matter|de Sitter Expansion|Static Foliation|Minimally Coupled to Gravity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2116,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photopolymerization of methacrylate monomers using polyhedral silsesquioxanes bearing side-chain amines as photoinitiator","resumen":"Organotriethoxysilanes (APS-PGE2) were synthesized by reacting 1&nbsp;mol of 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane with 2&nbsp;mol of 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropane (PGE). Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes functionalized with bulky amino groups (ASSQO) were prepared by hydrolytic condensation of APS-PGE2 catalyzed by formic acid. Methacrylate resins were activated for visible light polymerization by the addition of 1&nbsp;wt.% CQ in combination with the synthesized ASSQO at loadings between 0 and 30&nbsp;wt.%. The progress of monomer conversion versus irradiation time showed that the CQ\/ASSQO pair is an efficient photoinitiator system because a fast reaction and high conversion result from 60&nbsp;s irradiation at 600&nbsp;mW\/cm2. The lack of methacrylate groups in the ASSQO, able to polymerize with the methacrylate resin, results in the absence of chemical bond between the ASSQO cages and the matrix. Debonding of ASSQO cages from the polymer give rise to nanovoids; which allows the methacrylate matrix to yield and deform plastically. Consequently, the final effect is a decrease in the flexural modulus and compressive strength with increasing amounts of ASSQO. The present study highlights the surface effect on the overall properties in nanostructured materials.","palabras_clave":"SILSESQUIOXANES|NANOCOMPOSITES|METHACRYLATES|PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2117,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Survival and germination of three hard-seeded Acacia species after simulated cattle ingestion: the importance of the seed coat structure","resumen":"Endozoochory has been suggested as an important mechanism for long-distance plant dispersal that facilitates seed arrival to new and more  favorable habitats. The hardness (mechanical strength) and thickness of the seed coat are important characteristics for seed survival and germination  after passage through an herbivore gut. We studied the effects of seed passage through cattle gut on seed coat structure in three hard-seeded  Acacia species that have physical dormancy, A. aroma, A. atramentaria and A. caven, occurring in the semiarid woodlands and shrublands of central  Argentina. Histology of the seed coat was examined and a simulated cattle consumption experiment was conducted. Only A. aroma, which has  the thinnest seed coat (in terms of epidermis and sclerified parenchyma) of the three species, showed a high germination percentage after seed passage  through the digestive tract of cattle, whereas seeds of A. atramentaria and A. caven remained hard and viable. We conclude that the structure  of the seed coat in hard-seeded species is crucial in determining the success of endozoochory.","palabras_clave":"ACACIA|ENDOZOOCHORY|GERMINATION|HARD SEEDS|SEED COAT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2118,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cardiac autonomic activity predicts dominance in verbal over spatial reasoning tasks: results from a preliminary study","resumen":"The present study sought to determine whether autonomic activity is associated with dominance in verbal over spatial reasoning tasks. A group of 19 healthy adults who performed a verbal and spatial aptitude test was evaluated. Autonomic function was assessed by means of heart rate variability analysis, before and during the tasks. The results showed that a better relative performance in verbal over spatial reasoning tasks was  associated with vagal prevalence in normal subjects.","palabras_clave":"AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM|HEART RATE VARIABILITY|LATERALITY|VERBAL|SPATIAL|APTITUDE TESTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2121,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Specific enumeration and analysis of the community structure of culturable pseudomonads in agricultural soils under no-till management in Argentina","resumen":"Members of the Pseudomonas genus have been isolated and identified worldwide as plant probiotic microorganisms. Little is known about the dynamics of pseudomonads population in extensive agricultural systems under the influence of biotic and abiotic factors. As part of the national consortium BIOSPAS devoted to study soil biology and its relationship with productivity, our lab began to characterize pseudomonad populations in agricultural soils under no-till management. We here report the set up and application of a combination of selective plating and PCR-RFLP analysis of gacA and oprF genes to quantify and study pseudomonad population structure in bulk soil and rhizosphere samples. The specificity of both methods has been verified by 16S rDNA and oprF sequencing. The application of selective plating and gacA\/oprF PCR-RFLP analyses revealed differences in the amount and predominant type of culturable pseudomonads among geographical locations, among treatments, and between rhizosphere and bulk soil . The results indicate that these simple methods prove useful to systematically monitor pseudomonads structure in bulk and rhizospheric soils along sampling covering crop rotations and agricultural practices at different locations","palabras_clave":"Pseudomonas|Rhizosphere|No-tillage|Community structure|oprF|gacA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2122,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Purification of an organic solvent tolerant lipase from Aspergillus niger MYA 135 and its application in ester synthesis","resumen":"          An organic  solvent-tolerant lipase from olive oil-induced Aspergillus niger MYA           supernatant was  purified using two methods: electroelution and ion-exchangechromatography. With  electroelution purification was 8.4-fold and recovery 47% and &nbsp;with ion-exchange 16.6-fold and 53.4%,  respectively. The purified enzyme showed a prominent single band with SDS?PAGE and was a monomeric protein of 68 kDa. The  isoelectric point (pI) of the lipase was 5.1 and optimum pH and temperature for  activity were 7.0 and 37 °C, respectively. The lipase showed affinity for  esters with long acyl chains, with a Km of 0.99 mM for  C18. Substrate specificity of the immobilized lipase was highest for C18 among  the various &#945;- and &#946;-naphthyl esters assayed.  Substrate specificity agreed with kinetics parameters of long-chain fatty acids  (C18). Transesterification activity of the A. niger MYA 135 lipase indicates that it  could be a potential biocatalyst for biodiesel production.","palabras_clave":"lipasa|Aspergillus|solventes organicos|BIODIESEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2123,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The control of root growth by reactive oxygen species in Salix nigra Marsh. seedlings","resumen":"The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in specific regions of Salix seedlings roots seems essential for the normal growth of this organ. We examined the role of different ROS in the control of root development in Salix nigra seedlings, and explored possible mechanisms involved in the regulation of ROS generation and action. Root growth was not significantly affected by ?OH quenchers, while it was either partially or completely inhibited in the presence of H2O2 or O2?&#8722; Scavengers, respectively. O2?&#8722; production was elevated in the root apex, particularly in the subapical meristem and protodermal zones. Apical O2?&#8722; generation activity was correlated to a high level of either Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase protein as well as carbonylated proteins. While NADPH-oxidase (NOX) was probably the main source of O2?&#8722; generation, the existence of other sources should not be discarded. O2?&#8722; production was also high in root hairs during budding, but it markedly decreased when the hair began to actively elongate. Root hair formation increased in the presence of H2O2 scavengers, and was suppressed when H2O2 or peroxidase inhibitors were supplied. The negative effect of H2O2 was partially counteracted by a MAPKK inhibitor. Possible mechanisms of action of the different ROS in comparison with other plant model systems are discussed.","palabras_clave":"HYDROGEN PEROXIDE|NADPH-OXIDASE|OXIDATIVE METABOLISM|PEROXIDASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2124,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Muller glial cells induce stem cell properties in retinal progenitors in vitro and promote their further differentiation into photoreceptors","resumen":"    Using stem   cells to replace lost neurons is a promising strategy for treating   retinal neurodegenerative diseases. Among their multiple functions,   Müller glial cells are retina stem cells, with a robust regenerative   potential in lower vertebrates, which is much more restricted in   mammals. In rodents, most retina progenitors exit the cell cycle   immediately after birth, differentiate as neurons, and then cannot   reenter the cell cycle. Here we demonstrate that, in mixed cultures with   Müller glial cells, rat retina progenitor cells expressed stem cell   properties, maintained their proliferative potential, and were able to   preserve these properties and remain mitotically active after several   consecutive passages. Notably, these progenitors retained the capacity   to differentiate as photoreceptors, even after successive reseedings.   Müller glial cells markedly stimulated differentiation of retina   progenitors; these cells initially expressed Crx and then developed as   mature photoreceptors that expressed characteristic markers, such as   opsin and peripherin. Moreover, they were light responsive, insofar as   they decreased their cGMP levels when exposed to light, and they also   showed high-affinity glutamate uptake, a characteristic of mature   photoreceptors. Our present findings indicate that, in addition to   giving rise to new photoreceptors, Müller glial cells might instruct a   pool of undifferentiated cells to develop and preserve stem cell   characteristics, even after successive reseedings, and then stimulate   their differentiation as functional photoreceptors. This complementary   mechanism might contribute to enlarge the limited regenerative capacity   of mammalian Müller cells. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","palabras_clave":"RETINA|STEM|MULLER|NEURON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2125,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Heme oxygenase is involved in the protection exerted by jasmonic acid against cadmium stress in soybean roots","resumen":"We have previously demonstrated that the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (EC 1.14.99.3) plays a protective role against oxidative stress in leaves and nodules of soybean plants subjected to cadmium, UV-B radiation, and salt stress. Here, we investigated HO-1, localization and their relationship with oxidative stress in different growth stages of soybean plants roots inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (3, 5, 7, 10, and 20 days post-inoculation) and nodules.After 7 days of inoculation, we observed a 70% increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances that correlates with an enhancement in the gene expression of HO-1, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, the inhibition of HO-1 activity by Zn-protoporphyrin IX produced an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in glutathione content suggesting that, in this symbiotic process, HO-1 may act as a signal molecule that protects the root against oxidative stress. We determined, for the first time, the tissular localization of HO-1 in nodules by electron-microscope examination. These results undoubtedly demonstrated that this enzyme is localized only in the plant tissue and its overexpression may play an important role as antioxidant defense in the plant. Moreover, we demonstrate that, in roots, HO-1 is induced by oxidative stress produced by inoculation of B. japonicum and exerts an antioxidant response against it.","palabras_clave":"JASMONIC ACID|HEME OXYGENASE|SOYBEAN|CADMIUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2126,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of Two Propagation Systems in Globe Artichoke","resumen":"It is believed that the use of seed-propagated cultivars would lead to   an increase in yield due to the root system development, which explores   and uses water and nutrients more efficiently than in vegetatively   propagated materials. The objective of this study was to evaluate under   seed and vegetative propagation the  performance of cultivars ?Imperial   Star? (IS) and ?Estrella del Sur FCA? (ES). In April 23rd 2005, suckers   and seed-born plantlets of both cultivars were transplanted in a   randomized block design of three repetitions of twenty plants per plot.   The following vegetative traits: Leaves number (LN), Stem height (SH),   Plant height (PH) and Plant diameter (PD); and productive traits: Head   number (NH), Mean weight of the heads (WH), Total yield (TY), Days to   first harvest (DH) and Harvest period (HP) were evaluated and analyzed   under an ANOVA and Waller-Duncan test. Among the productive traits, the   differences between the propagation systems  were significant for NH   (F=9.36; p&#61500;0.05), and TY (F=8.73; p&#61500;0.05); and highly significant for DH   and HP (F=15.10 and 20.35; p&#61500;0.01, respectively). When comparisons are   held in each cultivar, in IS under seed-propagation, harvests were 11   days earlier than in the vegetatively propagation (F=51.86; p&#61500;0.01). For   ES under  seed multiplication, harvests were anticipated 13 days as   well; but this propagation gave also 11 days elongation of the harvest   period, and an increase of 83 and 45% of NH and TY respectively. For the   vegetative traits, the differences between the  propagation systems   were significant for SH and PD (F=4.17 and 5.41; p&lt;0.05,   respectively). Plants under seed-propagation were more vigorous than   under vegetative propagation; with an increased LN (26 leaves), PD   (138.78 cm); SH and PH (50.12 and 70.16 cm respectively). When possible,   it would be worth to change the propagation system towards seed-means;   in order to achieve increased yield and precocity.","palabras_clave":"CYNARA CARDUNCULUS VAR SCOLYMUS|SEED PROPAGATION|VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2127,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biennial Management in a Sexual Propagated Artichoke Cultivar","resumen":"One of the advantages of sexual propagation in artichoke is its inclusion as an annual culture in crop rotation. However, maintaining the production for at least two years, in order to reduce implantation costs, would be an attractive alternative too. The objective of this contribution was to evaluate the effect of a biennial management on the productive characters of a seed propagated cultivar ?Imperial Star?. Along 2004 and 2005, seeds were sowed in pods and transplanted monthly in a randomized complete block design with three repetitions of 20 plants. The following characters were considered: Number of heads per ha (NH), Mean weight of the heads (WH, g), Total yield (TY, t ha-1), Days to first harvest (DH) and Harvest period (HP). Each sowing date treatment was harvested along two seasons. An ANOVA and Waller-Duncan multiple comparison test were applied. For WH, DH and HP the interaction year of implantation and harvest season was highly significant (F= 26.00, 313.11 and 75.15; p&#61500;0.001, respectively). For NH all the sowing dates in 2005 were superior to those of 2004, yielding 66 300 heads per ha. The heads  were heavier in 2005 (WH = 149.5 g) than in 2004, and TY increased of 1.43 t ha-1. Besides, in 2005 days to first harvest was 11 days earlier, and HP was 17 days longer than in 2004 plantation. With respect to harvest seasons, all productive characters presented increased values along the second year in comparison with the first year. For TY the second season harvest was 13.69 t ha-1, that is an out yielding of 163%  for the first season harvest; NH was duplicated up to 86 370 heads per ha and, WH was also increased. Precocity (DH) was increased to 34 days, and HP extended to 24 days in the second season. Since plants in the second harvest season showed an increased vegetative growth, precocity, harvest period and total yield, so the biennial management would be recommended.","palabras_clave":"Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus|yield|precocity|annual cycle"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2128,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of Argentine?s Globe Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus [L.] var. scolymus) Cultivars by Post-harvest Related Traits","resumen":"In Argentina, since globe artichoke production is destined mainly to the fresh Market, capitula are harvested, depending on cultivar and culinary uses, when maximum sizes are reached. In this contribution, primary and secondary order capitula of the cultivars ?Oro Verde FCA?, ?Gauchito FCA?, ?Esmeralda FCA?, ?Gurí FCA?, ?Estrella del Sur FCA? and ?Francés?, were evaluated for traits related to quality: head weight and diameter, inner bracts color, pappus length, and contents of fiber, dry matter and phenols. Data were subjected to principal component analysis. For the first order capitula, the two principal components explained 78% of the variation, being head weight, diameter, content of dry matter and phenols associated to the first component (CP1) and pappus length, bracts color and fiber content to CP2. Cultivars ?Gauchito FCA? and ?Gurí FCA? Presented a reduced pappus length, and high dry matter and phenols content, meanwhile ?Esmeralda FCA? showed intermediate dry matter content and the lowest values of phenols and pappus length. For the second order capitula, the first two principal components also explained 78% of the variation; but the phenols content was not important, being the CP1 associated to head weight, diameter, and dry matter content; and CP2 to pappus length and fiber content. ?Gurí FCA? was the best cultivar, showing the lowest values of fiber content and pappus length, and intermediate values of head weight, diameter and dry matter content. ?Oro Verde FCA? was the poorest material. ?Gurí FCA? was selected for a double purpose use; that is, first order capitula for fresh market, and second order for industry.","palabras_clave":"PAPPUS|PHENOLS|DRY MATTER|FIBER|FRESH AND INDUSTRY MARKET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2130,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of lactose and lactate on growth and b-galactosidase activity of potential probiotic Propionibacterium acidipropionici","resumen":"Dairy propionibacteria are microorganisms of interest for their role as starters in cheese technology and as well as their functions as probiotics. Previous studies have demonstrated that Propionibacterium acidipropionici metabolize lactose by a B-galactosidase that resists the gastrointestinal transit and the manufacture of a Swiss-type cheese, so that could be considered for their inclusion in a probiotic product assigned to intolerant individuals. In the present work we studied the effect of the sequential addition of lactose and lactate as first or second energy sources on the growth and â-galactosidase activity of P.&nbsp;acidipropionici Q4. The highest B-galactosidase activity was observed in a medium containing only lactate whereas higher final biomass was obtained in a medium with lactose. When lactate was used by this strain as a second energy source, a marked increase of the intracellular pyruvate level was observed, followed by lactate consumption and increase of specific B-galactosidase activity whereas lactose consumption became negligible. On the contrary, when lactose was provided as second energy source, lactic acid stopped to be metabolized, a decrease of the intracellular pyruvate concentration was observed and â-galactosidase activity sharply returned to a value that resembled the observed during the growth on lactose alone. Results suggest that the relative concentration of each substrate in the culture medium and the intracellular pyruvate level were decisive for both the choice of the energetic substrate and the â-galactosidase activity in propionibacteria. This information should be useful to decide the most appropriate vehicle to deliver propionibacteria to the host in order to obtain the highest B-galactosidase activity.","palabras_clave":"Lactose  metabolism|B-galactosidase|Propionibacteria|Probiotics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2131,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental and theoretical studies about the adsorption of toluene on ZSM5 and mordenite zeolites modified with Cs","resumen":"In this work, we studied the adsorption capacity and thermal stability of toluene on ZSM5 and mordenite zeolites with different exchange cations (H, Na and Cs). The interaction of the hydrocarbon molecules with the adsorption sites was also addressed with both experimental and theoretical techniques. Flow-adsorption measurements were carried out in order to obtain breakthrough curves as well as TPD experiments. Molecular simulations were performed using the Density Function Theory (DFT). The results show that, in general, mordenite samples have a better adsorption capacity than ZSM5 samples and that the thermal stability of the adsorbed toluene is more influenced by the exchanged cations than by the zeolite structure. The overall basicity of the samples depends on the exchanged cations, following the Cs > Na > H order. The main interaction of toluene takes place between the &#960; electrons of the aromatic ring and the Lewis sites generated, and another interaction takes place between C\u2013H groups and the zeolite network oxygen.  The increase of the Cs loading decreases the surface area and pore volume of the zeolites, thus decreasing the available sites for the overall toluene adsorption at 100 °C. Through TPD experiments both the &#934; parameter, which represents the fraction of toluene retained at temperatures higher than 100 °C, and the temperature at which the toluene desorbs were measured. It was observed that in the Cs exchanged samples, &#934; is higher but the thermal stability (temperature of the maximum desorption rate on TPD) follows the order NaMOR = NaZSM5 > CsNaZSM5 > CsNaMOR > CsHMOR = CsHZSM5 > HMOR > HZSM5. The molecular calculations for the NaMOR structure determined that the interaction energies were higher for NaMOR when compared with the HMOR structure and increased even more when Cs was exchanged. These facts are in line with the experimental results.","palabras_clave":"Toluene adsorption|TPD|DFT|Hydrocarbon traps"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2132,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Transformation of Solanum tuberosum plastids allows high expression levels of b-glucuronidase both in leaves and microtubers developed in vitro","resumen":"Plastid genome transformation offers an attractive methodology for transgene expression in plants, but for potato, only expression of gfp transgene (besides the selective gene aadA) has been published. We report here successful expression of b-glucuronidase in transplastomic Solanum tuberosum (var. Desiree) plants, with accumulation levels for the recombinant protein of up to 41% of total soluble protein in mature leaves. To our knowledge, this is the highest expression level reported for a heterologous protein in S. tuberosum. Accumulation of the recombinant protein in soil-grown minitubers was very low, as described in previous reports. Interestingly, microtubers developed in vitro showed higher accumulation of b-glucuronidase. As light exposure during their development could be the trigger for this high accumulation, we analyzed the effect of light on b-glucuronidase accumulation in transplastomic tubers. Exposure to light for 8 days increased b-glucuronidase accumulation in soil-grown tubers, acting as a light-inducible expression system for recombinant protein accumulation in tuber plastids. In this paper we show that plastid transformation in potato allows the highest recombinant protein accumulation in foliar tissue described so far for this food crop. We also demonstrate that in tubers high accumulation is possible and depends on light exposure. Because tubers have many advantages as protein storage organs, these results could lead to new recombinant protein production schemes based on potato.","palabras_clave":"PLASTID TRANSFORMATION|POTATO|TUBER|B-GLUCURONIDASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2134,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Candidate targets for Multilocus Sequence Typing of Trypanosoma cruzi: validation using parasite stocks from the Chaco Region and a set of reference strains","resumen":"A Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) scheme was designed and applied to a   set of 20 Trypanosoma cruzi stocks belonging to three main discrete   typing units (T. cruzi I, V and VI) from a geographically restricted   Chagas disease endemic area in Argentina, 12 reference strains   comprising two from each of the six main discrete typing units of the   parasite (T. cruzi I-VI), and one T. cruzi marinkellei strain. DNA   fragments (&#8773;400-bp) from 10 housekeeping genes were sequenced. A total   of 4178bp were analyzed for each stock. In all, 154 polymorphic sites   were identified. Ninety-five sites were heterozygous in at least one   analyzed stock. Seventeen diploid sequence types were identified from 32   studied T. cruzi stocks (including the reference strains). All stocks   were correctly assigned to their corresponding discrete typing units. We   propose this MLST scheme as provisional, with scope for improvement by   studying new gene targets on a more diverse sample of stocks, in order   to define an optimized MLST scheme for T. cruzi. This approach is an   excellent candidate to become the gold standard for T. cruzi genetic   typing. We suggest that MLST will have a strong impact on molecular   epidemiological studies of Chagas disease and the phylogenetics of its   causative agent","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma cruzi|MLST|Chagas disease|molecular epidemiology|phylogeny|discrete typing units"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2135,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Intraplate Late Jurassic deformation and exhumation in western central Argentina: constraints from surface data and U-Pb detrital zircon ages","resumen":"Intraplate deformation has been described in several tectonic settings and recently in western central Argentina it has been proposed to explain the complex structural patterns developed between Early Jurassic and Cretaceous times along the Huincul deformation zone. We integrate new field data and detrital zircon ages of the exposed portion of the Huincul High that permit us to quantify the significance of this intraplate deformation in the relief generation. A stratigraphic and structural record of a Jurassic pulsed contractional deformation is derived from field surveys. It is documented through multiple unconformities and growth geometries linked to NE and E?W oriented growth structures extensively developed across the studied region.The pattern of zircon ages from the analyzed Late Jurassic successions indicates that they have a clear provenance from sources located along the Huincul deformation zone. The Tordillo Formation outcrops north of the Huincul High have a dominant provenance from the Andean Jurassic arc; while the Quebrada del Sapo Formation, south of the Huincul High, has a significant input from Late Triassic (220?200 Ma) and Late Permian (280?260 Ma) sources of the axial exposures of the Huincul High. Surface data, combined with detrital zircon ages proved to be a powerful method to confirm the presence of an ancient positive element developed within the southern Neuquén basin. Its genesis falls within the early history of the Huincul deformation zone, where several structural features indicate pulses of growth since Early Jurassic times prior to the main Andean contractional cycle that started in the Late Cretaceous. Therefore, these data document for the first time the importance of the early contractional phases in the relief construction in the southern Central Andes, reinforcing previous hypotheses about pre-Andean intraplate deformation concentrated along this extensive east?west oriented basement weakness zone.","palabras_clave":"NEUQUEN BASIN|INTRAPLATE DEFORMATION|WEAKNESS ZONE|DETRITAL ZIRCON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2136,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"THE FIRST RECORD OF PTEROSAURIA IN THE BAJO BARREAL FORMATION (UPPER CRETACEOUS), CENTRAL PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"We report a newly identified pterosaur material from the Bajo Barreal Formation (Upper Cretaceous) exposed at the locality of estancia Ocho Hermanos in central Patagonia. The material described, correspond to a first wing phalanx. This fossil is significant in that it adds to the generally sparse global record of Cretaceous (especially Late Cretaceous) pterosaurs and constitutes the second southernmost occurrence of Pterosauria worldwide. Likewise, this material establishes the presence of pterosaurs in the Bajo Barreal Formation, which enlarges the known fossil fauna of this unit and, therefore, our knowledge of the early Late Cretaceous vertebrate assemblages of central Patagonia. ","palabras_clave":"Pterosauria. |Bajo Barreal Formation. |Upper Cretaceous. |Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2137,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aerobic microbial activity and solid waste biodegradation in a landfill located in a semi-arid region of Argentina","resumen":"The sanitary landfill of Bahía Blanca city,  Argentina, located in a semiarid region, receives 270 tons\/  day of municipal solid waste. The objectives of the study  were: (1) to determine aerobic microbial activity (MA) and  waste biodegradation taking into account the age of the  waste, and (2) to evaluate the degree of waste stabilization  of the oldest cell. MAwas determined by CO2 release and  chemical characterization in four cells of different ages of  landfill. Furthermore, enzymatic methods were used to  determine the effect on MA of leachate addition. Low  annual rainfall, the sandy characteristics of the soil, and the  use of landfill techniques where rigorous compaction is not  performed, contribute to maintaining microenvironments  with a sufficient quantity ofO2 to support aerobic degradation  processes. Under these conditions, degrading processes are  faster, thus explaining why MA in the landfill cell closed in  1992 is stabilized and behaves as an anthrosol. In areas  where MA is limited by lack of water (arid and semiarid  zones), refuse degradation is limited to favorable humid  periods. For that reason, operations favoring fast and  efficient aerobic activity should be implemented.","palabras_clave":"LANDFILL|MICROBIAL ACTIVITY|LEACHATE RECIRCULATION|SEMI-ARID REGION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2139,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"?Sublethal ciprofloxacin treatment leads to resistance via antioxidant systems in Proteus mirabilis?","resumen":"This study investigates new aspects of the possible role of antioxidant defenses in  the mechanisms of resistance to ciprofloxacin in Proteus mirabilis. Four cipro-  floxacin-resistant variants (CRVs), selected in vitro by repeated cultures in a sub-  minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) concentration of ciprofloxacin,  attained different levels of antibiotic resistance and high Ferric reducing anti-  oxidant power, with 106 frequencies. However, no mutations occurred in posi-  tions 83 or 87 of gyrA, 464 or 466 of gyrB, or 78, 80 or 84 of parC, suggesting that  resistance took place without these typical mutations in DNA gyrase or topo-  isomerase IV. Assays with ciprofloxacin and the pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide  m-chlorophenylhydrazone showed that in addition to the antioxidant mecha-  nisms, the influx\/efflux mechanism also contributed to the increase in the  resistance to ciprofloxacin in one CRV. Moreover, lipid oxidation to malondial-  dehyde and protein oxidation to carbonyls and advanced oxidation protein  products were higher in sensitive than in the resistant strains, as a new factor  involved in the mechanisms of resistance in P. mirabilis. The oxidative stress  cross-resistance to telluride in CRVs enhanced the role of the antioxidants in the  ciprofloxacin resistance of P. mirabilis, which was reinforced during the assays of  reduction of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin by glutathione and ascorbic acid.","palabras_clave":"CIPROFLOXAXCINA|RESISTENCIA|MUTANTES|ESTRES OXIDATIVO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2141,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Profile of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from dogs and cats and genetic relationships with isolates from cattle, meat and humans","resumen":"Pets can be reservoirs of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains. The aim ofthis study was to examine nine strains belonging to several serotypes (O91:H21, O91:H16,O178:H19, O8:H19, O22:H8, O22:HNT, ONT:H8), previously recovered from cats or dogs.To this end, we assessed a set of additional virulence genes (stx2 subtype, subAB, ehxA, eaeand saa), cytotoxic activity, and genetic relationships with strains isolated from cattle,meat and humans using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Most of the isolates carriedthe stx2 and\/or stx2vh-b sequences, while only the O91:H21 isolate presented the mucus-activatable stx2d variant, as confirmed by sequencing the genes of subunits A and B. All thestrains showed cytotoxic activity in cultured cells. One of the two O178:H19, selected forits high level of cytotoxicity in Vero cells, showed the ability to cause functional alterationsin the human colon mucosa in vitro. None of the strains possessed the subAB, eae or saagenes and only the strains belonging to serotype O8:H19 carried the ehxA gene. The isolatesshared 90\u2013100% similarity by PFGE to epidemiologically unrelated strains of thecorresponding serotypes recovered from cattle, meat or humans. Our results demonstratethat dogs and cats may have a role in the infection of humans by STEC, probably serving as avehicle for bovine strains in the cycle of human infection, and thus emphasize the healthrisks for owners and their families.","palabras_clave":"STEC|pets|shiga toxin|Escherichia coli"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2142,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Variación de la composición específica y cobertura del pastizal bajo diferentes presiones de pastoreo en el Monte Rionegrino","resumen":"En el Monte Oriental Rionegrino la vegetación se distribuye formando islas arbustivas dispersas en una matriz de suelo desnudo (espacios interislas). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la variación en la composición y cobertura específicas del sistema en estudio bajo diferentes presiones de pastoreo. En cada uno de tres sitios se seleccionaron áreas con intensidad de pastoreo alta (IPA), media (IPM) y áreas excluidas al pastoreo (IPB). En cada área se es- tablecieron cinco transectas lineales en las que se midió la cobertura basal y se registraron las especies interceptadas. Los sitios se ordena- ron a través de Análisis de Componentes Principales utilizando el programa Infostat. Se analizó la similitud entre sitios considerando la cobertura y las especies presentes en islas e interislas por separado y en las transectas en forma conjunta, sin discriminar islas de inte- rislas. Respecto a la composición específica se diferenciaron las islas de los interislas en todos los sitios, esencialmente por la presencia de especies arbustivas; todas las áreas IPB se diferenciaron de sus respectivas áreas IPA. En cuanto a la cobertura, las áreas IPB fueron definidas por la mayor cobertura de Poa ligularis, broza y microfitas, mientras las áreas IPA presentaron mayor cobertura de suelo desnu- do. El pastoreo por sí mismo y a diferentes intensidades modifica la composición específica tanto a nivel de las islas de vegetación como de los interislas. La mayor cobertura de microfitas en las áreas IPB ayudaría a la recuperación de los sistemas.","palabras_clave":"desertificación|islas de vegetación|intensidad de pastoreo|suelo desnudo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2143,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Te Enseño a Jugar': Caracterización de Movimientos Interaccionales y Formas Lingüísticas Mediante las Cuales se Regula la Interacción Lúdica","resumen":"El lenguaje regula la actividad humana, incluyendo el juego; simultáneamente, el juego constituye  un medio para el desarrollo lingüístico (Nelson, 1996; Vigotsky, 1988). El juego resulta un contexto  privilegiado para los usos regulativos del lenguaje y para el desarrollo del discurso instructivo  (Graves, 1992). Se analiza una muestra intencional conformada por 31 situaciones de juego en las  que participaron, en el hogar, 10 niños de 4 años de barrios marginados de Argentina. El análisis  cualitativo (Strauss & Corbin, 2002) mostró distintos movimientos interaccionales (modelado,  preguntas, comparaciones) y formas lingüísticas de regulación de la situación (imperativos, frases  verbales de obligación) usados por los adultos, que pueden contribuir al desarrollo del discurso  instructivo de los niños.Publicación indexada en: Latindex, Directory of Open Access Journals, Scientific Electronic Library Online- SciELO, PsychINFO, Redalyc, Scopus","palabras_clave":"JUEGO|REGLAS |REGULACION|DESARROLLO LINGUISTICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2144,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"HIV-mediated up-regulation of invariant chain (CD74) correlates with generalized immune activation in HIV+ subjects","resumen":"HIV Nef-mediated up-regulation of invariant chain (Ii chain, also CD74) is presumed to play an active role in HIV immunopathogenesis. However, this has not been definitely ascertained. In order to help elucidatethis hypothesis, Ii chain, CD4, HLA-DR and HLA-ABC expression was analyzed ex vivo in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from HIV+ subjects. Viral load, CD4+ T cell count and immune activation werealso determined in enrolled subjects. Correlations between these parameters and the modulation of cell surface molecules in infected cells were studied.Ii chain expression was found to be up-regulated in infected MDMs derived from all patients but one (median fold up-regulation 2.47±1.82 (range 0.87\u20137.36)). Moreover, the magnitude of Ii chain upregulationsignificantly correlated with higher activation of B and CD4+ T cells (studied by HLA-DR and CD38 expression). On the other hand, lower HLA-ABC (i.e. stronger down-regulation) in infected MDMs was associated with higher CD4 counts. No correlation was observed between the magnitude of Ii chain up-regulation and the other Nef functions studied here.This is the first study reporting that Ii chain up-regulation occurs on naturally infected antigen presenting cells obtained directly from HIV+ subjects. Moreover, it is also shown that the magnitude of this up-regulation correlates with immune activation. This allows postulating an alternative hypothesis regarding the contribution of Ii chain up-regulation to HIV-mediated immune damage.","palabras_clave":"HIV|nef|Invariant chain (CD74)|Immune hyperactivation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2147,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Habitat use and demography of Mus musculus (house mouse) in a rural landscape of the Buenos Aires province, Argentina","resumen":"The main goal of the  paper was to determine the habitat distribution of the house mouse Mus&nbsp; musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) within a rural landscape of Buenos Aires Province  (Argentina). We also studied the  seasonal variation in abundance and reproductive activity. The     habitats studied were  poultry farms, human houses in a small   village,   cropfields, pastures, cropfield  and pasture edges, riparian   habitats   (streams), railway embankments and  woodlots. We captured 817   M. musculus and 690 individuals of five  native rodent species. M. musculus  was captured in poultry farms, houses, riparian habitats, cropfield and  borders, but it     showed a significantly  higher abundance in poultry farms with   respect   to the other habitats. Its  presence outside poultry farms was     significantly related to the distance to  streams and poultry farms.   The   mean trapping success index of M. musculus  did not show     significant variations between periods, but the proportion of  active     males was significantly higher in the Spring - Summer period with      respect to the Autumn - Winter period. All captures of M. musculus in cropfields, borders and riparian habitats occurred  in the Spring - Summer period. The capture of M. musculus in many types of habitats suggest that it can disperse  outside poultry farms, and streams may be used as corridors.            ","palabras_clave":"abundance variation|habitat distribution|house mice|reproductive activity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2148,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The species of Scleroderma from Argentina, including a new species from the Nothofagus forest","resumen":"Five ectomycorrhizal species of Scleroderma were identified from herbarium and field collected specimens from Argentina. A new hypogeous species, Scleroderma patagonicum was recorded in association with native Nothofagus spp. in Patagonia. The epigeous species S. albidum, S. areolatum, S. bovista and S. citrinum were associated with various exotic tree species. A phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS region of various Scleroderma species, including S. patagonicum illustrates its distinct status within Scleroderma, including its placement among species with reticulate spores. Descriptions with SEM images of the spores and a key to the species are provided","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|HYPOGEOUS|SCLERODERMA|NOTHOFAGUS|EXOTIC FUNGI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2150,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental design and MM2-PM6 molecular modelling of hematin as a peroxidase-like catalyst in Alizarin Red S degradation","resumen":"A combined experimental design and molecular modelling study of the efficiency of hematin\/HRP?H2O2   in Alizarin Red S (ARS) removal from aqueous solutions is reported. A   Doehlert experimental design using 21 experiments, with temperature   range fixed to 30?50&nbsp;°C, pH range 7?11, hydrogen peroxide concentration   from 0.05 to 5&nbsp;mM and catalyst concentration from 0.05 to 4.95&nbsp;mg\/l is   used. The factor levels are 7 for H2O2   concentration and pH, 5 for temperature and 3 for catalyst   concentration. At optimal conditions, 75&nbsp;mg\/l ARS solutions are totally   decolorized by hematin whereas HRP only achieves 57% conversion. UV\/visible   spectra analysis of reaction medium, species profiles during reaction   using HRP\/hematin at selected conditions and molecular modelling using   molecular mechanics (MM2) and semiempirical studies (PM6-MOPAC 2009) are   presented and discussed to explain the experimental findings. Cpd-I of   HRP coordinates selectively ARS vs. hydrogen peroxide. Dimers of ARS may   inhibit HRP. ARS may be coordinated by different hydroxyls to hematin   depending on the availability of them, considering the pH. Catalatic   reaction is important in the case of hematin but it is not in the case   of HRP in our range of experimental conditions.","palabras_clave":"ALIZARIN RED S|HEMATIN|HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE|MOLECULAR MODELING|DOEHLERT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2151,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Características de los Asociados a Cooperativas Lecheras Argentinas y Prioridades Gubernamentales en el Pago de Aportes No Reintegrables","resumen":"El gobierno argentino elegido a fines de 2003 se manifestó a favor del sistema cooperativo, prédica que continuó la siguiente gestión desde 2007. Con el fuerte incremento de los precios internacionales de los lácteos desde 2006, se intensificó la intervención gubernamental para evitar que los aumentos se transmitieran al mercado interno. En 2008 se produjo una confrontación general con el sector agropecuario y como resultado de la misma se acordó que el gobierno otorgaría una compensación a los productores más pequeños para cubrir los costos de producción. Con modificaciones, esta medida se reiteró en 2009, produciéndose muchas dificultades y demoras en el cobro de los aportes no reintegrables. En este contexto nos preguntamos si el gobierno, en el pago de los mismos, fue coherente con sus manifestaciones, dando prioridad a los productores más pequeños y medianos asociados a las cooperativas lecheras en las principales provincias productoras, en relación al resto. Para verificar la asociación utilizamos primeramente análisis de correspondencia múltiple (MCA), y luego un modelo log-lineal con cuyos resultados se calcularon los cocientes de chances entre pares de las variables de interés.","palabras_clave":"política agropecuaria|cooperativas lácteas|compensaciones|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2152,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"SEDIMENTOLOGÍA DE LA FORMACIÓN CARRIZAL (TRIÁSICO) EN EL DEPOCENTRO MARAYES - EL CARRIZAL, PROVINCIA DE SAN JUAN, REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA","resumen":"Se efectúa el análisis sedimentológico de la Formación Carrizal (Triásico) del Depocentro de Marayes - El Carrizal, ubicado en el sector oriental de la provincia de San Juan. Sobre la base de muy contrastantes características faciales y arquitecturales, la Formación Carrizal es dividida en dos miembros: Arroyo Seco y Rickard. El Miembro Arroyo Seco se caracteriza por el predominio de conglomerados, a los que se asocian areniscas, areniscas conglomerádicas y escasas intercalaciones pelíticas. Estos depósitos se asignan a un sistema fluvial desarrollado en áreas de marcado gradiente y caracterizado por cambios en la disponibilidad de agua y de materiales detríticos, los que fueron esencialmente transportados como carga de lecho. El Miembro Rickard consiste en una sucesión en la que predominan las areniscas y pelitas en litosomas que poseen marcada continuidad lateral, las que aparecen bruscamente cortadas por cuerpos lenticulares de conglomerados medianos. Estas facies permiten definir un sistema fluvial de carga mixta con buen desarrollo de depósitos de planicie de inundación y rellenos de canales compuestos esencialmente por sedimentitas psefíticas. El importante cambio en la arquitectura fluvial que se produce entre los miembros de la Formación Carrizal se relaciona con una marcada variación en la acomodación sedimentaria. El Miembro Arroyo Seco constituye un cortejo de baja acomodación, mientras que el Miembro Rickard se define como un cortejo de alta acomodación. La superficie de retrogradación que limita a ambos miembros señala un cambio importante en el perfil gradado del sistema fluvial, tiene dimensión regional y puede ser considerada como un horizonte de valor cronoestratigráfico.","palabras_clave":"Triassic, Marayes  El Carrizal rift, Argentina|Carrizal Formation,|bedload fluvial systems|mixed-load fluvial systems"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2154,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Smart Surfaces: Reversible Switching of a Polymeric Hydrogel Topography","resumen":"Patterns imprinted on smart surfaces are fabricated by direct laser&nbsp; interference&nbsp; patterning&nbsp; (DLIP)&nbsp; of&nbsp; thick&nbsp; films&nbsp; based&nbsp; on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)&nbsp; (PNIPAM)&nbsp; doped with&nbsp; suitable dyes.&nbsp; Optical&nbsp; and&nbsp; Atomic&nbsp; Force&nbsp; (AFM)&nbsp; microscopy&nbsp; images reveal&nbsp; that&nbsp; the&nbsp; pattern&nbsp; imprinted&nbsp; on&nbsp; the&nbsp; dry&nbsp; hydrogel&nbsp; film&nbsp; 10 (line-arrays)&nbsp; becomes&nbsp; flat&nbsp; by&nbsp; swelling&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; hydrogel&nbsp; upon immersion&nbsp; in water. The pattern re-emerges after drying the hydrogel.&nbsp; Heating&nbsp; the&nbsp; hydrogel&nbsp; above&nbsp; the&nbsp; phase&nbsp; transition temperature of PNIPAM (ca. 32 ºC) also restores the pattern by&nbsp; hydrogel&nbsp; volume&nbsp; collapse.&nbsp; This&nbsp; behaviour&nbsp; suggests&nbsp; that&nbsp; 15 this patterning&nbsp; technique allow us&nbsp; to produce surfaces useful for technological application.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"hydrogels|laser ablation|thermosensitivity|topography"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2155,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multivariate characterization of 'Argentinean Mistletoe', Ligaria cuneifolia (Loranthaceae) according to their mineral nutrient composition","resumen":"The aim of this study was to characterize samples of Ligaria cuneifolia collected from three areas of the north-east region of Argentina, during two sampling periods. In this work, the authors propose a mathematical model for searching associations among mineral contents and other factors such us geographic origin or sampling period. Mineral monitoring as a pattern recognition method is a promising tool in the characterization and\/or standardization of phytomedicines. In the present work measurable amounts of Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr, and Zn were detected in phytopharmaceutical derivatives of L. cuneifolia by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Finally, this methodology allows reliable determinations of mineral content in pharmaceutical quality control of medicinal plants.","palabras_clave":"MINERAL|COMPOSITION|ICP-OES|PCA|PATTERN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2156,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"NON LINEAR HOMOGENIZATION TECHNIQUES TO SOLVE MASONRY STRUCTURES PROBLEMS","resumen":"Abstract. The behaviour of masonry material subjected to different in-plane loading combination is studied in this work. The masonry is considered as a periodic composite material composed by a regular distribution of brick and mortar and it is analysed using a homogenization technique. The mechanical properties of the masonry, as an orthotropic homogeneous material, depend on the geometrical and mechanical properties of the components based on the study of the equilibrium and compatibility of a basic cell. The masonry is a frictional material and its behaviour depends on the loading direction, for these reasons, a unilateral damage model is chosen for the analysis. This model describes the behaviour of brittle materials subjected to tensile-compressive cyclic loads based on the introduction of two damage variables and it assumes that the damage is due to the beginning and growth of cracks only in the mortar joints. It is considered that the bricks have a linear elastic constitutive relationship. Numerical applications are performed with a non-linear finite element code in order to test the proposed procedure by comparing the results with those available in the literature and also with experimental data.","palabras_clave":"COMPOSITE STRUCURES|HOMOGENIZATION TECHNIQUES|MASONRY|CONSTITUTIVE MODELS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2157,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Conformational polymorphism on Imatinib Mesylate: Grinding effects","resumen":"Crystal structures of polymorphs &#945; and &#946; of imatinib mesylate were obtained. Thermal behavior and grinding effects were studied by X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Molecules in forms &#945; and &#946; exhibit significant conformational differences due to dissimilar intramolecular interactions, which stabilize their molecular conformations. In spite of that, both crystal structures present a dimer-chain arrangement. Dimers are mainly determined by hydrogen bonding interactions and some weak &#960;?&#960; interactions. Connections between dimers are provided by mesylate ions to determine chains of dimers. Neighboring chains are linked by very weak interactions: C[BOND]H···&#960; interactions in form &#945; and &#960;?&#960; interactions in form &#946;. At room temperature, thermal disorder was observed in the mesylate ion in form &#945;, which could be removed at low temperatures (?123°C). Form &#946; was found to be the more stable form at room temperature. Both polymorphs exhibit a tendency to generate amorphous material by grinding, which can be converted to a crystalline phase by either temperature or aging. When amorphous crystallization is kinetically studied at room temperature, form &#946; is obtained after a week. Conversely, when the crystallization is activated by temperature, the final obtained crystal form depends on the starting material, proving the importance of seeding","palabras_clave":"Crystallography|Polymorphism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2158,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"FAUNA ASOCIADA A LOS ARRECIFES DE SABELLARIA NANELLA (SABELLARIIDAE) EN EL INTERMAREAL DE MONTE HERMOSO,  ARGENTINA.","resumen":"Los arrecifes de poliquetos generan zonas de alimentación, refugio y cría de numerosas especies de invertebrados y peces, por lo que su establecimiento promueve  el aumento de la biodiversidad local.  Sabellaria nanella,  es  un poliqueto formador de arrecifes, que recientemente ha sido descripto en la franja intermareal de las playas el sur bonaerense(Monte Hermoso, Argentina). Se identificaron un total de 15 especies de macroinvertebrados asociadas a estas construcciones biogénicas.  S. nanella  resultó la especie  más abundante(91%), mientras que los crustáceos fueron el grupo más  representado  dentro de la fauna acompañante.","palabras_clave":"bentos|poliquetos|intermareal|comunidades de macroinvertebrados"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2159,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ESTUDIO MORFOMÉTRICO DE SABELLARIA NANELLA (POLYCHAETA: SABELLARIIDAE) EN MONTE HERMOSO, ARGENTINA","resumen":"El crecimiento relativo y la estructura de la  población del poliqueto  Sabellaria nanella fueron investigados en la zona intermareal de la costa sur de Buenos Aires. Tres muestreos puntuales fueron realizados en  mayo de 2009, abril de 2010 y noviembre de 2010. La alometría negativa entre la longitud total en relación a la longitud caudal y el diámetro  de la   corona opercular muestran  que esta característica es una buena medida para estimar el tamaño individual,  la cual fue utilizada para construir  la estructura de  tallas  la población. La población de S. nanella  presenta una distribución de frecuencias de tallas  polimodal, con un pico de reclutamiento en el verano.","palabras_clave":"bentos marino|fondos duros|morfometría|arrecifes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2160,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The electro-oxidation of isotopically labeled glycerol on platinum: New information on C-C bond cleavage and CO2 production","resumen":"In this work we investigate the electro-oxidation of glycerol reaction on polycrystalline platinum in acidicmedia. By using in situ FTIR and isotopically labeled glycerol (13CH2OH?12CHOH?13CH2OH) we demonstratethe co-existence of 13CO2 and 12CO2 as products of electro-oxidation. Results indicate that glycerol completelydissociates on Pt surfaces and that both groups contribute to the production of CO2. Moreover, terminal13CH2OH groups are easier to electro-oxidize than the central group, which is interpreted in terms of amore favorable position of ?13CH2OH groups to react with Pt?OHad species.","palabras_clave":"GLYCEROL ELECTRO-OXIDATION|FTIR|ISOTOPICALLY LABELED GLYCEROL|PRODUCTION OF CO2"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2161,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Natural deoxynivalenol occurrence and genotype and chemotype determination of a field population of the Fusarium graminearum complex associated with soybean in Argentina","resumen":"Soybean (Glycine max L.), the main source of protein throughout the world, is used both as a food and a feedstuff. Currently, limited information about the occurrence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins in soybean grain and by-products is available. The aims of the present study were: (1) to identify toxigenic Fusarium species associated with soybean during crop reproductive stages; (2) to determine the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) in soybean seeds; (3) to determine the genotype and chemotype of selected Fg complex strains using molecular and chemical analysis, respectively; and (4) to characterize the strains using AFLPs markers. One soybean field located at Co´ rdoba Province, Argentina, was monitored and samples of soybean tissue were harvested at three reproductive stages: flowering (R2), full seed (R6) and full maturity (R8). A total of 389 Fusarium strains F. equiseti (40%) was the most frequently species recovered followed by F. semitectum (27%) and F. graminearum (Fg) (11%). From the 40 soybean samples analysed, only two presented detectable DON levels. Based on DON occurrence on soybean seeds at ripening stages, the toxigenic ability of Fg complex strains isolated from soybean seeds, pods and flowers were analysed. The trichothecene genotype was determined by a multiplex PCR using primers based on Tri3, Tri5 and Tri7 toxin genes and then the chemotype was verified by chemical analysis. Most Fg complex strains showed 15-ADON genotype and five strains presented a DON\/NIV; these also produced both toxins under in vitro culture. Neither the NIV nor the 3-ADON genotypes were detected among the members of the population evaluated. All the 15-ADON genotype strains were characterized as F. graminearum sensu stricto (lineage 7), while the strains presented a DON\/NIV genotype were characterized as F. meridionale (lineage 2). The present study contributes new information on the occurrence of Fusarium species and trichothecenes toxins on soybean at the pre-harvest stages. Also, this is the first report on the chemotype, genotype and lineages among Fg complex isolated from soybean.","palabras_clave":"Glycine max L|Gibberella species|deoxynivalenol|chemotype"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2162,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Disrupted functional connectivity of the pain network in Fibromyalgia","resumen":"Objective: To investigate the impact of chronic pain on brain dynamics at rest. Methods: Functional connectivity was examined in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) (n = 9) and healthy controls (n = 11) by calculating partial correlations between low-frequency blood oxygen levelYdependent fluctuations extracted from 15 brain regions. Results: Patients with FM had more positive and negative correlations within the pain network than healthy controls. Patients with FM displayed enhanced functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) with the insula (INS) and basal ganglia ( p values between .01 and .05), the secondary somatosensory area withthe caudate (CAU) (p = .012), the primary motor cortex with the supplementary motor area (p = .007), the globus pallidus with the amygdala and superior temporal sulcus (both p values G .05), and the medial prefrontal cortex with the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and CAU (both p values G .05). Functional connectivity of the ACC with the amygdala and periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter (p values between .001 and .05), the thalamus with the INS and PAG (both p values G .01), the INS with the putamen (p = .038), the PAG with the CAU (p = .038), the secondary somatosensory area with the motor cortex and PCC (both p values G .05), and the PCC with the superiortemporal sulcus (p = .002) was also reduced in FM. In addition, significant negative correlations were observed between depression and PAG connectivity strength with the thalamus (r = j0.64, p = .003) and ACC (r = j0.60, p = .004). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that patients with FM display a substantial imbalance of the connectivity within the pain network during rest, suggesting that chronic pain may also lead to changes in brain activity during internally generated thought processes such as occur at rest.","palabras_clave":"Fibromialgia|Dolor Crónico|Conectividad Funcional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2163,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A clean method to obtain a porous alumina template","resumen":"The formation of a porous anodicalumina template usinga two-stepanodisationprocessandsolutionsfreeofCr    ions was studied. Anodising was conducted under a constant cell potential of 40 V in a 0.3 M oxalic acid electro-    lyte at 298 K. The chemical dissolution of the    fi    rst anodising step was carried out in a 2 M phosphoric acid solu-    tion, at 298 K. Each step of the template formation was observed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy),    evaluating the structural characteristics of the corresponding surfaces. The resulting template has rounded    pores (    &#8776;    65 nm) that are aligned forming small domains. Although the membrane obtained does not contain    fully hexagonal pores, such as those obtained using chromic acid as an attack agent between the two anodising    steps, it is equally useful for the    finally purpose of producing a template for the growth of nanowires  ","palabras_clave":"AAO|Alumina template|Anodisation process|SEM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2164,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"VARIABILIDAD FENOLOGICA DEL BOSQUE Y DEL PASTIZAL NATIVO ENEL CHACO SEMIÁRIDO DE LA PROVINCIA DE SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Los parámetros estacionales del bosque y pastizal nativo del Chaco semiárido de Santiago del Estero fueron extractados a partir de series temporales del índice de vegetación NDVI derivadas del satélite SPOT VEGETATION, mediante el programa TIMESAT. El inicio y el fin de las estaciones de crecimiento del bosque en el período seco, presentaron un mínimo desplazamiento con respecto a las estaciones de crecimiento del período húmedo. Este desplazamiento estaría relacionado con la respuesta de las especies que conforman el estrato inferior y medio del bosque ante la variación de las precipitaciones entre períodos. El inicio y fin de las estaciones de crecimiento del pastizal nativo no presentaron variaciones temporales entre períodos. Esta respuesta estaría relacionada con la gran adaptación de esta cobertura a las adversidades climáticas extremas como las sequías. Los puntos medios y el NDVI máximo de las estaciones de crecimiento del bosque y del pastizal nativo, coinciden temporalmente con el otoño, esta respuesta estaría relacionada con una mayor efectividad de las precipitaciones, y con una menor evapotranspiración y temperatura. La producción total integrada y la productividad estacionalmente activa de las estaciones de crecimiento del bosque y del pastizal nativo, no fueron afectadas por el período. La estabilidad del bosque estaría relacionada con su biodiversidad, con su estructura estratificada, y por las especies leñosas de porte y raíces profundas que lo conforman; mientras que la estabilidad del pastizal nativo estaría relacionada con sus estratégicas adaptaciones, morfológicas, fisiológicas y de comportamiento para el uso eficiente del agua.","palabras_clave":"BOSQUE|PASTIZAL|TIMESAT|NDVI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2165,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La colección 'Ficción sentimental' del Centro de Estudios Cervantinos: primeras ediciones","resumen":"                          Los últimos  veinte años han visto un notable crecimiento de la producción  crítica en torno de un conjunto de textos del siglo XV cuya  condición de género sigue sometida a intenso debate pero que todos  ?o casi todos? acuerdan en denominar ?ficción sentimental?.  No ha habido, sin embargo, el mismo ímpetu en el aspecto editorial.  Como siempre, hay notables excepciones, pero en la mayoría de los  casos hay que recurrir a ediciones de la primera mitad del siglo XX  que no responden a los estándares filológicos actuales o a  ediciones eruditas de muy difícil acceso. Con el fin de subsanar  este escollo surge ahora este nuevo emprendimiento, cuyo objetivo es  publicar la totalidad de los productos textuales vinculados a este  orden temático. Hasta este momento, han aparecido cuatro volúmenes,  que en la nota se comentan individualmente: Grimalte y Gradisa  de Juan de Flores (Carmen Parrilla, ed.), la Sátira de infelice e  felice vida del Condestable don Pedro de Portugal (Guillermo  Serés, ed.), una edición del Bursario de Juan Rodríguez del  Padrón debida a Pilar Saquero Suárez-Somonte y Tomás González  Rolán y la edición del Notable de amor, también a cargo de  Carmen Parrilla.                      ","palabras_clave":"Ficción sentimental|Edición crítica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2167,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative study of high intensity ultrasound effects on food proteins functionality","resumen":"ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to comparatively explore the impact of high intensity ultrasound (HIUS) on the functionality of some of the most used food proteins at the industrial level: whey protein concentrate (WPC), soy protein isolate (500 E) and egg white protein (EW) Solutions at 10%, w\/w at their respective natural pH were submitted to HIUS treatment for 20 min, in Sonics VCX 750 equipment. The operating conditions were: 20 kHz and 20% of amplitude. Before and after the HIUS treatment, the size of protein particles was measured by light scattering using a Mastersizer 2000. The amount of sulfhydryl groups was determined with Ellman´s reagent and the surface hydrophobicity by a fluorescence technique. The effects of HIUS on samples viscosity were determined in a Brookfield DV-II viscometer. The evolution of the elastic (G´) and viscous (G´´) moduli as well as tan &#61540; were registered upon time and temperature in a Phaar Physica MCR 300 controlled stress rheometer. In general, HIUS promoted a decrease in the consistency index of all protein solutions, mainly of soybean isolate. The gelation performance of EW was not modified by HIUS. However, WPC presented a higher elastic character, but 500 E did not show changes upon heating, as it was already denatured before HIUS treatment. The size of aggregates suffered an overall reduction for WPC and 500E, but a slight increase for EW. Sulfhydryl content was unchanged for all proteins after HIUS application but surface hydrophobicity was greatly increased after treatment for all proteins. HIUS affected the studied functional properties differently depending on the size and nature of the protein. This technology could be used to obtain improved functional properties in some protein samples. Keywords: Whey Protein Concentrate, Soy and Egg white Proteins, High intensity Ultrasound, Viscosity, Dynamic Rheology, Gelling Properties.","palabras_clave":"WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE|SOY AND EGG WHITE PROTEINS|HIGH INTENSITY ULTRASOUND|VISCOSITY|DYNAMIC RHEOLOGY|GELLING PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2168,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Interés de los péptidos natriuréticos en Cardiología Veterinaria","resumen":"Los parámetros ecocardiográficos en animales de compañía se asocian con los signos clínicos, las determinaciones radiológicas y electrocardiográficas. En caninos domésticos, la ecocardiografía, es el examen complementario más indicado para evaluar el tamaño, los movimientos y la arquitectura cardíaca. En la hipótesis sustentada en este estudio se asumió que caninos con insuficiencia valvular mitral adquirida presentan una correlación ecocardiográfica positiva entre la relación Ao\/AI (Aorta\/Atrio Izquierdo) y la relación Ao\/VID (Aorta\/Diámetro Ventricular Izquierdo Diastólico) y que la misma progresa como consecuencia del avance del proceso mórbido. La población en estudio consistió de 16 caninos con insuficiencia valvular mitral sintomática sin evidencias radiológicas de insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva. El estudio consistió en un examen ecocardiográfico convencional y la determinación de los parámetros de rutina registrados en todo estudio cardiológico. Se obtuvo una correlación positiva significativa entre la relación Ao\/AI ? Ao\/DID (r = 0.70; r2= 0.49; p= 0.003). Los hallazgos expuestos permiten afirmar que la sobrecarga de volumen que soporta el atrio izquierdo, a causa de la regurgitación de la valva mitral, se correlaciona positivamente con el tamaño cameral del ventrículo izquierdo en diástole, evidenciando, a su vez, proporcionalidad con el grado de severidad de la enfermedad cardíaca.r = 0.70; r2= 0.49; p= 0.003). Los hallazgos expuestos permiten afirmar que la sobrecarga de volumen que soporta el atrio izquierdo, a causa de la regurgitación de la valva mitral, se correlaciona positivamente con el tamaño cameral del ventrículo izquierdo en diástole, evidenciando, a su vez, proporcionalidad con el grado de severidad de la enfermedad cardíaca.","palabras_clave":"Péptidos natriuréticos|Cardiología|Caninos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2169,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of physicochemical properties of perfluorodecanoic acid-polyquaternium cellulose hydrogel.","resumen":"We investigated the nature and stability of the interactions established between polyquaternium (PQ10) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) in terms of different variables such as composition, ionic strength, pH and temperature. The PQ10\u2013PFDA complex formation is interpreted in view of electrostatic associations between carboxylic and quaternary amino group. The properties of the systems were characterized by rheology analysis. The adhesive properties of complex were also assessed. One of the macroscopic features of the new material formed in solution was the increase in viscosity from 6 Pa s for 1% PQ10 (MW 1.7 106 g mol&#8722;1) to about 1000 Pa s by the addition of enough PFDA to reach 1:0.5 ammonium: carboxylic group molar ratio. At this proportion, PQ10 and PFDA form a network structure with a maximum viscosity and storage modulus. This maximum coincides with an increased mucoadhesive work. 106 g mol&#8722;1) to about 1000 Pa s by the addition of enough PFDA to reach 1:0.5 ammonium: carboxylic group molar ratio. At this proportion, PQ10 and PFDA form a network structure with a maximum viscosity and storage modulus. This maximum coincides with an increased mucoadhesive work. 106 g mol&#8722;1) to about 1000 Pa s by the addition of enough PFDA to reach 1:0.5 ammonium: carboxylic group molar ratio. At this proportion, PQ10 and PFDA form a network structure with a maximum viscosity and storage modulus. This maximum coincides with an increased mucoadhesive work.","palabras_clave":"Polyquaternium|Electrostatic interactions|Perfluorodecanoic acid|Rheology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2170,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of Solanum glaucophyllum toxicity on cell proliferation and apoptosis in the small and large intestine of rabbits","resumen":"Vitamin D regulates mineral homeostases and enterocyte proliferation and differentiation. Hypervita minosis D generates changes in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in several organs. We analysed morphometric parameters and proliferative and apoptotic indices in the intestinal epithelium of rabbits with hypervitaminosis D induced by the chronic treatment with the calcinogenic plant Solanum glaucophyllum. Rabbits were treated for 15 or 30 days. A group was treated for 15 days and led to possible recovery for 30 days. Another group was nutritionally restricted for 30 days. Morphological, morphometric, proliferative and apoptotic changes were found in the treated animals. Mild atrophy and reduced proliferation was found in the jejunum and ileum. Apoptosis increased in the crypts of the ileum and in the superficial epithelium and crypts of the rectum. Most of the alterations were partially recovered. The possible involvement in these changes of the hypervitaminosis D-like state induced by S. glaucophyllum is discussed.","palabras_clave":"1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3|INTESTINE|RABBIT|PROLIFERATION|APOPTOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2171,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inhibitory activity of lactic and acetic acid on Aspergillus flavus growth for food preservation","resumen":"a b s t r a c t  In this study acetic and lactic acid Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined for different  Aspergillus flavus strains in solid medium: toxigenic strains A. flavus AFUNL1, AFUNL2 and AFUNL3; and  a non-toxigenic strain A. flavus AFUNQ6. A. flavus AFUNQ6 was the most resistant strain to acetic acid,  with a MIC value of 41.6 mM (pH 4,62) while acetic acid MIC was the same for the three toxigenic strains  (38.1 mM, pH 4.69), the lactic acid MIC was different for all the strains: 357.7 mM (pH 2.74), 405.4 mM  (pH 2.69), 274.2 mM (pH 2.95) and 393.4 mM (pH 2.59) for A. flavus AFUNQ6, AFUNL1, AFUNL2 and  AFUNL3 respectively. MIC values for non dissociated lactic acid were almost tenfold higher than MIC  vales for non dissociated acetic acid for the A. flavus strains.  Growth kinetic parameters: growth rate (KD) and lag phase were determined to evaluate fungal  inhibition. An increase of undissociated acid concentration produced a decrease in KD values and an  increase in lag phase duration. Lactic and acetic acid mixtures showed a synergistic effect, reducing the  concentration necessary of every acid in the mixture for fungal inhibition compared with the individual  MIC values. The minimal acids mixture that obtained the fungal inhibition for all the strains was lactic  acid 78 mM acetic Acid 31.2 mM at a pH 3.4.","palabras_clave":"ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS|LACTIC ACID|ACETIC ACID|GROWTH PARAMETERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2172,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rheological and structural details of biocidal iPP-TiO 2 nanocomposites","resumen":"Different nanocomposites obtained from incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into isotactic polypropylene (iPP) polymeric matrices are achieved via a straightforward and cost-effective melting process. These materials exhibit a powerful germicide capability over a wide variety of regular bacteria and other microorganisms widely present in the environment that cause infections and serious illness. The iPP-TiO2 nanocomposites show similar or improved structural characteristics than those of the pure iPP matrix and aspects as important as processability and final mechanical performance are not affected because of the incorporation of these TiO2 nanoparticles. Validation of time-temperature superposition of the molten polymers is observed within the temperature range analyzed. On the other hand, the &#61537; polymorph is the one primarily attained for these specimens. Crystallinity and most probable crystallite size are slightly dependent on TiO2 content, both increasing as oxide composition is enlarged.","palabras_clave":"Nanocomposites|Rheology|Biocidal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2173,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ORIGEN Y CARACTERIZACION DE LA ESTRUCTURACION DE UN LOESS PAMPEANO","resumen":"La estructuración en los loess pampeanos primarios de origen eólico y en los limos loessoides redepositados (loess secundarios), aparece como una cementación diseminada en toda la masa de suelo o en forma de concreciones localizadas. Los cementantes principales en estos suelos son el carbonato, yeso, sílice amorfa y óxidos férricos. La caracterización en cada caso requiere de ensayos físicos y químicos específicos. El empleo de observaciones visuales de cortes frescos, análisis químicos y microscopio electrónico (SEM) permiten evaluar correctamente los tipos y características de la estructuración. En este trabajo se muestra que ensayos físicos de análisis granulométrico y la medición de velocidad de propagación de ondas realizadas sobre muestras estructuradas y desestructuradas resultan muy adecuados para cuantificar el efecto de la estructuración y su evolución con las variaciones del estado de tensiones aplicado. ","palabras_clave":"LOESS|SUELO ESTRUCTURADO|CEMENTACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2174,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sparse and Stable Gene Selection with Consensus SVM-RFE","resumen":"A method is described for performing sparse and stable gene selection from a number of unstable, but  low cost, SVM-RFE units referred to as SVM-RFE subunits. Using a comprehensive simulation study,  we show that the introduction of a consensus constraint with respect to variations in the policy of gene  removal and a stability constraint with respect to perturbations in the training data can remarkably  improve gene selection precision, dimensionality reduction ratio and stability of low cost SVM-RFE subunits still guaranteeing affordable computational costs. The method, which does not require the preselection of the number of selected genes, is divided into two stages. Multiple rough gene removal policies are  &#64257;rst applied to multiple surrogate training datasets (spreading). Multiple consensus gene sets with  respect to variations in the gene removal policy are then obtained and passed through a stability &#64257;lter  which selects the best performing gene set (despreading). Hence, while the consensus constraint performs  strong dimensionality reduction at affordable computational costs, the stability constraint ensures  acceptable indexes of gene selection stability and further dimensionality reduction. The method is validated on three benchmark microarray datasets.","palabras_clave":"SVM-RFE|MICROARRAY|SPARCE GENE SELECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2176,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genotoxic and cytotoxic evaluation of the herbicide flurochloridone on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells","resumen":"The in vitro effects of flurochloridone (FLC) and its formulations Twin Gold Pack_ (25% a.i.) and Rainbow_(25% a.i.) were evaluated on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells by genotoxicity [sister chromatidexchange (SCE)] and cytotoxicity [cell-cycle progression, proliferative rate index (PRI), mitotic index(MI), MTT, and neutral red] end points. Cells were treated for 24 h within the 0.25?15 lg\/ml concentrationrange. FLC and Twin Pack Gold_ induced a significant and equivalent increase in SCEs regardless ofthe concentration. Rainbow_-induced SCEs at concentrations higher than 2.5 lg\/ml; however, theincreases were always lower than those induced by FLC and Twin Pack Gold_. For all compounds, thePRI decreased as a function of the concentration titrated into cultures. Whereas only the highest FLCand Twin Pack Gold_ concentrations induced a significant reduction of the MI, all tested Rainbow_ concentrationsinduced MI inhibition. Overall, the results demonstrated that although all compounds werenot able to reduce the lysosomal activity, the mitochondrial activity was diminished when the highestconcentrations were employed. These observations represent the first study analyzing the genotoxicand cytotoxic effects exerted by FLC and two formulated products on mammalian cells in vitro, at leaston CHO-K1 cells.","palabras_clave":"Flurochloridone|Sister chromatid exchanges|Cell-cycle progression|MTT and NR assays"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2178,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pollen: ovule ratio and its relationship with other floral traits in Papilionoideae (Leguminosae): an evaluation with Argentine species","resumen":"The pollen:ovule ratio (P &#8260; O) has traditionally been used as a rough estimator of plant breeding systems. It has been shown that plant breeding systems are associated with particular floral traits. In this study, we determined the P &#8260;O in 21 Leguminosae species from Argentina and explored relationships between P &#8260;O and taxonomic position, flower size, floral rewards, pollen presentation and pollination mechanisms. According to the results, 15 out of the 21 species classified were obligate xenogamous, although some of them have been recorded as facultative xenogamous in previous studies. There was a significant effect of taxonomic position (genus), reward type and pollination mechanism on P &#8260; O. Species offering only nectar as a floral reward (which were species with a brush mechanism) had a significantly lower P &#8260;O than species offering pollen or pollen and nectar. Species with the brush pollination mechanism had the lowest P &#8260; O, while species with valvular and pump mechanism had the highest P &#8260; O. However, pollen presentation (primary and secondary) and flower size did not have a significant effect on P &#8260; O. Our results demonstrate that P &#8260;O variability is determined by taxonomic position and pollination mechanism in this plant group.","palabras_clave":"FLORAL REWARDS|FLOWER SIZE|LEGUMINOSAE|POLLEN PRESENTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2179,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential hypogeous sporocarp production from Nothofagus dombeyi and N. pumilio forests in southern Argentina","resumen":"Mycorrhizal fungi that form hypogeous  sporocarps are an important component of the  temperate forest soil community. In many regions,  such as the Nothofagus forest in the Patagonian  Andes, this group of fungi has been poorly studied.  Here we examined the spring and autumn community  composition of ??sequestrate fungi??, based on  sporocarp production in pure forests of Nothofagus  dombeyi (evergreen) and N. pumilio (deciduous). We  investigated the possible relationships between these  communities and environmental factors over 2 y. The  rarefaction curves and the minimal richness estimates  converged at nearly the same level for each forest  type, and the asymptotes suggested that the sampling  effort was sufficient to capture most of the hypogeous  sporocarp richness in these forest stands. In total 27  species were recovered. Basidiomycota, Ascomycota  and Glomeromycota respectively accounted for nine,  two and one genera. Species richness of hypogeous  sporocarps varied in relation to forest type but not to  season (fall and spring), whereas sporocarp biomass  varied according to an interaction between season  and forest type. Species richness and sporocarp  biomass were positively correlated with rainfall and  negatively correlated with altitude. In addition sporocarp  species richness was positively related to number  of trees per transect. We found that two different  forest stands, each dominated by different species of  Nothofagus, exhibited different hypogeous sporocarp  communities.","palabras_clave":"fungal ecology|patagonia|diversity|fruit bodies"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2180,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Neutron transmission: A powerful technique for small accelerator-based neutron sources","resumen":"The determination of total cross section of a material as a function of neutron energy by means of transmission experiments is rather easy on a pulsed neutron source. The spectrometer and associated instrumentation required may be described as relatively simple, and sound statistical data are achieved even using a small, pulsed, accelerator based neutron source. Despite its simplicity, detailed scientific and technological information can be extracted from such measurements, at the cost of fairly elaborate data analysis techniques. These features make this an attractive tool for neutron-based materials research within small research groups. Different physical properties of a material manifest over the different neutron energy ranges. At our group we have focused on the determination and analysis of the total cross section for thermal and sub-thermal neutrons, which is very sensitive to the geometric arrangement and movement of the atoms, over distances ranging from the? first-neighbour scale? up to the microstructural level or? grain scale?.","palabras_clave":"Neutron transmission|pulsed neutron source|neutron total cross section|Bragg edges"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2181,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"QoS in GNU\/Linux: its application on free Internet infrastructure","resumen":"With the advent of VoIP transport and  videoconferencing\/telepresence equipment at  relative low costs, companies started to use a  single provider for data, telephony and video, thus  causing three types of transport ?with different  characteristics and requirements- to converge in a  single hard link. The current converging networks  carry packages related to three different kinds of  services (data, voice and video) and one of the  usual classification criteria draws a distinction  between traffic with strict time requirements and  all other services. As bandwidth is always  limited, it is necessary to identify and give priority  treatment to this kind of traffic over others sharing  the same medium. This paper discusses the  assessment and application of different QoS tools  on the free internet infrastructure for public spaces  in the city of Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.","palabras_clave":"VoIP|Videoconferencing|Quality of Service|Free Internet"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2182,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of branched dithiotrisaccharides via ring-opening reaction of sugar thiiranes","resumen":"Satisfactory procedures are described for the  synthesis of 5,6- and 3,4-thiirane derivatives from the  respective hexofuranose or hexopyranose epoxide precursors.  The controlled ring-opening reaction of thiiranes by 1-thioaldoses was successfully accomplished to afford, regio and  stereoselectively, b-S-(1-4)-3,4-dithiodisaccharides. For instance, the regioselective attack of per-O-acetyl-1-thioglucose  (16) to C-4 of 2-propyl 2,6-di-O-acetyl-3,4-epithio-a-D-galactopyranoside (14) gave the derivative of Glcp-b-S-(1-4)-3,4-dithioGlcp-O-iPr (17). This thiodisaccharide was accompanied by the (1-3)-disulfide 18, formed between 16 and 17, and the  symmetric (3-3)-disulfide 19, which resulted from the oxidative dimerization of 17. However, the S-acetyl derivative of 17 could  be obtained in good yield (62%) by LiAlH4 reduction of the crude mixture 17-19, followed by acetylation. The same sequence  of reactions starting from 14 and the 1-thiolate of Galp afforded the per-O,S-acetyl derivative of Galp-b-S-(1-4)-3,4-dithio-a-DGlcp-O-iPr (23), which was selectively S-deacetylated to give 25. The dithiosaccharides 17 and 25 are 3,4-di-S-analogues of  derivatives of the natural disaccharides cellobiose and lactose, respectively. The ring-opening reaction of 5,6-epithiohexofuranoses  of D-galacto (8) or L-altro (11) configuration with 1-thioaldoses was also regio- and stereoselective to give the respective b-S-(1-6)-linked 5,6-dithiodisaccharides 26 or 29 in excellent yields. Glycosylation of the free thiol group of 17, 25, or 26, using  trichloroacetimidates as glycosyl donors, led to the corresponding branched dithiotrisaccharides. Some of them are sulfur  analogues of derivatives of branched trisaccharides found in natural polysaccharides.","palabras_clave":"BRANCHED DITHIOTRISACCHARIDES|SUGAR THIIRANES|EPISULFIDES|RING OPENING REACTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2184,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chromosome and genome composition of a Triticum x Thinopyrum hybrid by classical and molecular cytogenetic techniques","resumen":"Triticum - Thinopyrum amphiploids arose from the need to obtain forage grasses highly resistant to pest, drought, soil salinity and frost and they can be used as efficient bridges to transfer desired genes from wheatgrass species to wheat. One of them is trigopiro SH16 INTA, it was introduced in Argentina in 1947 but its genomic composition was unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the chromosome number and genomic and chromosome composition of trigopiro SH16 INTA in order to use it in breeding programs. The simultaneous use of the in situ hybridization technique with different probes (genomic DNA of Th. ponticum, pSc119.2 and pAs1) allowed us to conclude that the chromosome number of trigopiro SH16 is 2n=42 and the genome composition would be: 14 chromosomes of the B genome, the 2D and 4D chromosome pairs of wheat, 14 chromosomes of the J genome of Thinopyrum and the remaining chromosomes probably belong to the A genome of wheat.","palabras_clave":"IN SITU HIBRIDIZATION|THYNOPIRUM|TRIGOPIRO|TRITICUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2185,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un encuentro entre sujetos  - un diálogo entre saberes. Experiencias extensionistas de trabajo con jóvenes de escuelas secundarias","resumen":"En este artículo se presentan algunas reflexiones generadas a partir de dos talleres de extensión con jóvenes de diferentes escuelas de nivel medio desarrollados en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Se pretende abrir un debate acerca de las relaciones entre la extensión universitaria y la investigación, así como de la articulación de ambas con la docencia.  Estos talleres fueron realizados por un equipo de investigación de la Facultad de Psicología que indaga sobre las relaciones y experiencias en la escuela media; tuvieron como objetivo generar un especio de encuentro entre jóvenes en el cual pudieran compartir sus vivencias, sentimientos y experiencias acerca de las relaciones en la escuela. En función de este objetivo, los dispositivos desarrollados en estas instancias se caracterizaron por ser abiertos e inacabados y se terminaron de construir  con los sujetos.  En función del proceso realizado, se recupera la importancia de enmarcar nuestras experiencias de intervención desde una concepción de extensión universitaria que apunte al \u201Cdialogo de saberes\u201D, saberes sociales y populares en el encuentro con saberes académicos. Se entiende que, estos saberes dialogan desde las diferencias, posibilitando la apertura de sentidos y nuevas indagaciones que en articulación con la teoría favorecen procesos de construcción de conocimiento en el marco de los espacios de investigación y docencia.","palabras_clave":"universidad pública|encuentro|saberes|jóvenes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2186,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Glyphosate resistance in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) from Argentina","resumen":"Abstract: In Argentina, glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide. A population of perennial ryegrass, subjected to two glyphosate applications per year during twelve years, was putatively identified as glyphosate-resistant based on the poor control achieved at commercial glyphosate doses. The aim of the current research was to evaluate the sensitivity to glyphosate of the offspring of the putatively resistant population. A susceptible population was included as control to assess germination, chlorophyll content, survival, and shikimic acid concentration under different glyphosate treatments. After glyphosate treatment, the germination percentage and plumule growth were significantly higher in the putatively resistant population compared to the susceptible one. Relative to the non-treated control, resistant seedlings did not show differences in chlorophyll content 7d and 10d post-application regardless of glyphosate treatments. In the resistant plants, a 10.8-fold greater dose of glyphosate was necessary to match the control efficiency on the susceptible ones. At 30d post-application, 40% of the resistant plants that were severely injured at 15 days started re-growth regardless of glyphosate dose. Leaf laminae of susceptible plants accumulated significantly higher shikimic acid compared to the resistant plants at 72h post-application. &nbsp;&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"HERBICIDE|PLANT SURVIVAL|RESISTANCE|CHLOROPHYLL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2187,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Geochemistry and health aspects of F-rich mountainous streams and groundwaters from sierras Pampeanas de Cordoba, Argentina","resumen":"Symptoms of dental fluorosis have been  observed in rural communities located in the Sierras  Pampeanas de Cordoba, a mountainous area in Central  Argentina. The clinical assessment was performed in the  Charbonier Department, where the fluoride (F-) intake was  determined to be 3.90 ± 0.20 mg day-1 (n = 16). In this  community, mild and severe fluorosis reach an incidence of  86.7% (total teeth surface = 636 teeth) among the children  population. To determine the origin and distribution of  fluorine in natural waters from the Charbonier Department  and nearby regions, sampling was performed in the area  covering the San Marcos River basin. The obtained results  show that F- concentrations vary between *1 to  *2.5 mg l-1, with an outlier value of 8 mg l-1. The  spatial distribution of F- shows that the lowest concentrations  are found at the basin?s catchments. Maximum  values are located in two sectors of the basin: the Charbonier  depression in the eastern part and at the San Marcos  village, downstream the main collector, in the western part  of the basin. In these two regions, the F- contents in  ground- and surface waters are [2.0 mg l-1 and nearly  constant. Dissolved F- in natural waters from the study area has its origin in the weathering of F-bearing minerals  present in the region?s dominant lithology. The extent of  mineral weathering is mostly determined by the residence  time of water within the aquatic reservoir. Longer residence  times and a major solid?water interaction lead to  enhanced release of F-. This explains the higher F- concentrations  found in basin areas with lower run off. The  removal of F- from water appears to occur by neither  fluorite precipitation, nor by adsorption. Hence, variations  in F- concentrations seem to be more related to regional  hydrological conditions.    This research was supported by Argentina´s FONCYT, SECYT-UNC, and CONICET. M. Gabriela Garcia, and Karina L. Lecomte are members of CICyT in Argentina´s CONICET.","palabras_clave":"DENTAL FLUOROSIS|GEOGENIC F-BIOTITES|PAMPEAN RANGES|WEATHERING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2188,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High-fat diets affect energy and bone metabolism in growing rats.","resumen":"BACKGROUND: High-fat diets are usually associated with greater weight (W) gain and body fat (BF). However, it is still unclear whether the type and amount of fat consumed influence BF. Additionally, dietary fat intake may also have consequences on skeletal health.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in healthy growing rats the effects of high-fat diets and type of dietary fat intake (saturated or vegetable oils) on energy and bone metabolism.METHODS: At weaning, male Wistar rats (n = 50) were fed either a control diet (C; fat = 7% w\/w) or a high-fat diet (20% w\/w) containing either: soybean oil, corn oil (CO), linseed oil (LO), or beef tallow (BT) for 8 weeks. Zoometric parameters, BF, food intake and digestibility, and total and bone alkaline phosphatase (b-AP) were assessed. Total skeleton bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC), BMC\/W, spine BMD, and bone volume (static-histomorphometry) were measured.RESULTS: Animals fed BT diet achieved lower W versus C. Rats fed high-fat vegetable oil diets showed similar effects on the zoometric parameters but differed in BF. BT showed the lowest lipid digestibility and BMC. In contrast, high vegetable oil diets produced no significant differences in BMC, BMC\/W, BMD, spine BMD, and bone volume. Marked differences were observed for LO and BT groups in b-AP and CO and BT groups in bone volume.CONCLUSION: BT diet rich in saturated fatty acids had decreased digestibility and adversely affected energy and bone metabolisms, in growing healthy male rats. There were no changes in zoometric and bone parameters among rats fed high vegetable oil diets.","palabras_clave":"Fatty acid|growing|rats|bone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2189,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La infancia en las representaciones de los y las maestros\/as. Avances de una investigación en proceso","resumen":"El artículo presenta la investigación acerca de las representaciones sociales sobre la infancia de los maestros y maestras que asisten a la universidad. El texto aborda distintos aspectos emergentes del análisis de los datos: 1) los supuestos culturales, filosóficos y pedagógicos que las definicionesde los encuestados expresan; 2) una aproximación a los núcleos representacionales de naturalización e idealización de la infancia, que pueden señalarse a partir del trabajo de diálogo entre la teoría y la construcción de datos; y 3) una serie de interrogantes generados a partir de los avancesproducidos en la investigación.","palabras_clave":"REPRESENTACIÓN SOCIAL|SENTIDO COMÚN|INFANCIA|MAESTROS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2190,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Fracción hipóxica y otros efectos del oxígeno sobre  la radiosensibilidad en tumores","resumen":"La presencia de celulas hipoxicas que son altamente radioresistentes es considerada una de las causas principales para la falla de los tratamientos radioterapeuticos en tumores. La fraccion hipoxica domina la respuesta cuando la radiacion ionizante es administrada en una dosis unica pero no ocurre lo mismo en tratamientos prolongados.Se usan curvas y datos de Fracci´on de Sobrevida (SF), obtenidos de bibliograf&#305;a, en condiciones tanto hipoxicas como aerobicas. Se utiliza el modelo Lineal Cuadratico (LQ) para obtener los parametros de radiosensibilidad en ambas condiciones. Se analizan estos y tambien el parametro OER (Oxygen Enhancement Ratio) con altas y bajas dosis de radiacion. Se concluye sobre la dependencia de este ultimo con la dosis de radiacion y otras variables del sistema.","palabras_clave":"SF|LQ|OER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2191,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vitro Embryo Production in Llamas (Lama glama) from In vivo Matured Oocytes with Raw Semen Processed with Androcoll-E using Defined Embryo Culture Media","resumen":"The aim of this study was to carry out in vitro fertilization using spermatozoa selected with Androcoll-ETM and to evaluate the efficiency of the culture medium DMEM-F12 for in vitro embryo development in the llama. Twelve adult females from eighteen superstimulated (67%) were used as oocyte donors. They were superstimulated with 1500 IU of eCG and after five days, received a single dose of buserelin. Twenty hours post-injection, follicular aspiration was conducted by flank laparotomy. Semen collections were performed under general anesthesia by electroejaculation of the male. The ejaculates were processed with a solution of collagenase (0.1%) and an Androcoll-ETM column was used to improve the sample. Sixty nine COCs were recovered from 79 aspirated follicles (87% recovery). Only expanded COCs were used (n=67); they were randomly placed in groups of 1-5 in Fertil-TALP and the sperm suspension (20 x 106 live spermatozoa\/ml) was added to each fertilization microdroplet. After 24 h, they were randomly placed in one of two culture media: SOF (n=34) or DMEM-F12 (n=33) and incubated for 6 days in humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2 at 38° C. The blastocyst rate was 20% (7\/34) in SOF medium (3 hatched, 2 expanded and 2 early blastocysts) and 15% (5\/33) in DMEM medium (all expanded blastocysts). In conclusion, using Androcoll-ETM it is possible to select good quality spermatozoa from llama ejaculates for in vitro fertilization and to produce blastocysts in DMEM-F12 medium. This is also the first time that hatched llama blastocysts have been produced after culture in a defined medium such as SOFaa.","palabras_clave":"embryo|llama|androcoll|semen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2194,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of different nucleating particles on aniline polymerization","resumen":"Hybrid materials were developed via in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline in presence of 0.5 wt% of nano-\/micro-particles. Polymerization was carried out in hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium. Four types of particles were used (aluminum powder 140 mesh, carbon nanotubes and quartz dust in two sizes, 400 and 140 mesh). Polyaniline and hybrid materials were characterized by spectroscopic techniques (UV?Vis, FT-IR), thermal analyses (TGA, DSC), morphological studies (FE-SEM); electrical conductivity and wear resistance measurements.  The most promising hybrids were obtained by the incorporation of aluminum (140 mesh) or quartz 400 mesh powders. In both cases, electrical  conductivity was similar to the one measured for PANI but up to 40% higher wear resistance","palabras_clave":"PANI|Hybrid materials|Electrical conductivity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2196,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A rate based model of a packed column for CO2 absorption using aqueous monoethanolamine solution","resumen":"A comprehensive and simplified rate based mathematical model of a packed column for CO2 capture using aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solution is developed. The absorption unit model takes into account the effect of kinetic reactions on the mass transfer, the thermodynamic non-idealities, the hydraulics of the random packing and the absorber dimensions (diameter and height). It is implemented into the optimization environment GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System).  The proposed NLP model was validated by comparison of obtained results with published experimental data. Good accuracy of results has been obtained for experimental pilot plant scales. Once validated, the model was used to investigate the influence of main process parameters and the effect of different correlations to compute the effective interfacial area for mass transfer (a\/at) on the absorption efficiency. Obtained results indicate that model solutions depend strongly on the correlations used to compute the (a\/at). In addition, results assuming thermal equilibrium and thermal non-equilibrium in liquid and vapor phases were also compared. For both conditions and specific cases, similar concentration and temperature profiles in the liquid phase in the absorber were obtained.   Finally, results obtained by solving different optimization problems are discussed. More precisely, the optimization consisted in determining the operating conditions to maximize the absorption efficiency defined as the ratio between the CO2 recovery in rich solution and the packing volume of the column. The effect of the main process parameters on the optimized results was also investigated.","palabras_clave":"POST-COMBUSTION CO2 CAPTURE |RATE BASED MODELS |CO2 REACTIVE ABSORPTION INTO AMINE SOLUTIONS|ABSORBER MATHEMATICAL MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2197,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of 6-Substituted 2-Pyrrolyl and Indolyl Benzoxazoles by Intramolecular O-Arylation in Photostimulated Reactions","resumen":"The synthesis of a series of 6-substituted 2-  pyrrolyl and 2-indolyl benzoxazoles by photostimulated C-O  cyclization of anions from 2-pyrrole carboxamides, 2-indole  carboxamides, or 3-indole carboxamides has been found to  proceed in good to excellent yields (41 to 100%) in DMSO and  liquid ammonia. The pyrrole and indole carboxamides are  obtained in good to very good isolated yields by an amidation  reaction of different 2-haloanilines with 2-carboxylic acid of  pyrrole and 2- or 3-carboxylic acid of indole. To explain the regiochemical outcome of these reactions (C-O arylation vs C-N  or C-C arylation), a theoretical analysis was performed using DFT methods and the B3LYP functional.","palabras_clave":"SYNTHESIS|BENZOXAZOLE|PHOTOSTIMULATED REACTIONS|CALCULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2198,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Arturo Sampay y Carl Schmitt frente a la crisis del positivismo","resumen":"The article deals with the critical assessment of Arturo Enrique Sampay on Carl Schmitt´s Die Lage der europäischen Rechtswissenschaft.  \tIn Carl Schmitt y la crisis de la ciencia jurídica europea Sampay points out that the theory and practice of legal positivism cannot be overcome by national juridical tradition, as Schmitt proposes, but by classical natural law doctrine.","palabras_clave":"SAMPAY|SCHMITT|POSITIVISMO|DERECHO NATURAL CLÁSICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2200,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Long term variations in rodent abundance in a rural landscape of the Pampa, Argentina","resumen":"Abstract The goal of this study was to analyze the  variations in abundance of rodent communities over the last 24 years in a rural area, and their relation to pos- sible changes in climatic variables and land use. The principal change in the area observed along the study period was an increase in the area covered by soybean. The habitats studied were crop fields and borders. The total abundance of rodents did not show a significant trend of variation over time in crop fields while in bor- ders the abundance in autumn?winter (A?W) showed a significant trend to decrease over time. The different rodent species showed a differential response over time. While Calomys laucha and C. musculinus showed a de- crease between the period before and after the soybean expansion, Akodon azarae did not change its abundance over time. The mean minimum temperature increasedover time while the number of days with frost decreased. Total rodent abundance in A?W was positively associ-ated with the cumulated precipitation of the previous lated precipitation of the same period. We conclude that rodent abundance variations in crop fields and borders of the study area are influenced by precipitation, but the observed trends of variation over time are better ex- plained by changes in agricultural practices than by meteorological variables.","palabras_clave":"Rodent communities|Land Use|Climate Variation|Agroecosystems"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2201,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal variation in the egg morphology of the copepod Eurytemora americana and its relationship with reproductive strategy in a temperate estuary in Argentina","resumen":"Seasonal variation in the morphology of Eurytemora americana eggs and its relationship with reproductive strategy were studied in theBah&#305;´a Blanca Estuary. Eggs from field females were analysed morphologically by optical (OM) and electron microscopy [scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM)\u2013transmission electron microscopy (TEM)] during the population pulse. Additionally, egg-carrying females were incubatedsimulating in situ environmental conditions to evaluate the resting egg character. Subitaneous and resting eggs were indistinguishableby OM, but showed different chorion appearance under SEM and TEM. Sinuous patterned chorion eggs, mainly produced duringthe period of population growth, were classed as subitaneous eggs based on their high level of hatching success. Eggs with a sponge-likeappearance, produced after the population peaked, were classed as diapause eggs based on their inability to hatch even under favourableconditions. There were significant differences in egg size through the population pulse and diapause eggs were significantly bigger thansubitaneous eggs. The observation of both morphotypes in egg-carrying females after peak population abundance confirms the existenceof a transitional reproductive stage before the exclusive production of diapause eggs at the end of the pulse. Diapause egg productionenables E. americana to resist adverse conditions, ensuring its survival in temperate estuaries.","palabras_clave":"EGG MORPHOLOGY|EURYTEMORA AMERICANA|REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2202,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dietary conjugated linoleic acid and long-chain n-3 fatty acids in mammary and prostate cancer protection: a review","resumen":"The role of dietary fatty acids on cancer is still controversial. To examine the current literature on the protective role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and marine long-chain fatty acids[eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] and the risk of breast and prostate cancer. Data from 41 case-control and cohort studies and relevant in vitro and animal experiments were included in this 2000-2010 revision. Epidemiological studies on CLA intake or its tissue concentration related to breast and prostate tumorigenesis are not conclusive. EPA and DHA intake have shown important inverse associations just in some studies. Additional research on the analysed association is required.","palabras_clave":"CLA |N-3 FATTY ACIDS|BREAST CANCER|PROSTATE CANCER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2203,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nuevos estándares en las correcciones de gravedad: estudio de caso para una red  local en San Juan, Argentina","resumen":"Lasbases de datos de gravedad están en pleno proceso de revisión en distintospaíses, para mejorar su resolución y exactitud. Ello es posible en especial debidoa avances tecnológicos en: computadoras y &nbsp;algoritmos de cálculo más potentes,&nbsp; la disponibilidad de modelos digitales deterreno de distintas resoluciones, y la preeminencia del posicionamientosatelital GPS para la determinación de coordenadas. Eneste trabajo se resumen los nuevos estándares y se evalúa cómo afectan a lasanomalías de gravedad calculadas sobre San Juan. Se adopta como estudio de casouna red de gravedad local con valores ajustados internamente mediante el métodode mínimos cuadrados. La red ofrece &nbsp;alos usuarios precisos valores de gravedad, altura&nbsp; sobre el nivel medio del mar, alturaelipsoidal y anomalías de gravedad (Aire libre, Bouguer e isostáticas) clásicasy elipsoidales. ","palabras_clave":"ANOMALIAS|ELIPSOIDALES|REDES|GRAVIMETRICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2206,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Definición del género Eumysops Ameghino, 1888 (Rodentia, Echimyidae) y revisión de las especies del Plioceno temprano de Argentina central.","resumen":"Se brinda una definición del género Eumysops Ameghino y se revisa la sistemática de sus especies más tempranas, E. laeviplicatus Ameghino y E. formosus Ameghino, del Plioceno temprano de las formaciones Monte Hermoso e 'Irene' (sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina central). Eumysops posee rasgos craneomandibulares y postcraneanos que lo diferencian de los restantes Echimyidae: arqueamiento y acortamiento posterior del cráneo, rostro angosto, región orbital amplia, apófisis paraoccipital marcadamente ventral, cóndilo mandibular y proceso coronoides bajos, espina ilíaca ventrocaudal distalizada y fuerte reducción de los metatarsianos I, II y V. De acuerdo al concepto de Eumysops propuesto aquí, el género estaría integrado por cuatro especies: E. laeviplicatus, E. formosus, E. chapalmalensis Rovereto y E. gracilis Rovereto. E. laeviplicatus del Montehermosense-Chapdamalalense inferior es la especie más antigua del género, mientras que E. formosus se registra al menos en el Chapadmalalense inferior. Estas especies están ausentes en el Plioceno temprano-tardío del área de Chapadmalal (sudeste de Buenos Aires) donde se registran otros representantes del género. Este patrón estratigráfico, coincidente con el de otros dos géneros de caviomorfos, sustenta la hipótesis de una mayor similitud faunística entre los dos niveles reconocidos para la Formación Monte Hermoso que entre el nivel superior de esta última y la Formación Chapadmalal.","palabras_clave":"Echimyidae|Eumysops|Plioceno|Formación Monte Hermoso"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2207,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Glyphosate as an Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor in Cnesterodon decemmaculatus","resumen":"            The  toxic effect of sublethal concentrations (1, 17.5 and 35 mg L-1) of pure  glyphosate was evaluated on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the fish  species, Cnesterodon decemmaculatus. Acute bioassays (96 h) under laboratory conditions were conducted  and homogenates for each specimen corresponding to the anterior, middle and  posterior body sections were performed. Fish survival was 100%, even at the  highest concentration tested (35 mg L-1), in accordance with the low lethal toxicity reported  for glyphosate. However, a significant inhibitory effect on AChE activity was  recorded even for the lowest herbicide concentration tested (1 mg L-1), in the  homogenates corresponding to the anterior body section. The inhibition ranged  from 23 to 36%. The analytical determination of glyphosate in assay media by  ion chromatography, was used to verify its stability. These results indicate  that AChE?a neurotoxicity biomarker?in C. decemmaculatus may be  affected by exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate.","palabras_clave":"Acetylcholinesterase|Glyphosate|Cnesterodon decemmaculatus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2209,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Redox profile in liver of Leporinus macrocephalus exposed to different dissolved oxygen levels.","resumen":"Aquaticorganisms are continuously exposed to environmental variations, which can leadto physiological and biochemical alterations. Leporinus macrocephalus, known aspiavuçu, is a migratory species that may be exposed to variations in dissolvedoxygen levels. Studies evaluating oxidative changes undergone by this speciesin these conditions are scarce. Therefore, this investigation aimed atevaluating oxidative alterations in L. macrocephalus exposed to differentoxygen levels for 96 h: 6.12 ± 0.18, 3.99 ± 0.17, 3.22 ± 0.17, 2.47 ± 0.30 and0.710 ± 0.07 mg L(-1). At the end of the experimental period, fish wereeuthanized and livers used to determine lipid hydroperoxides, thiobarbituricacid reactive substances, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxidedismutase and thiol groups, which are an indirect measure of reducedglutathione. Results indicated a decrease in the studied parameters in hypoxicsituations, suggesting a possible metabolic depression.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Oxidative stress \u0002 |Hypoxia \u0002 |Lipid peroxidation| \u0002 Antioxidants"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2211,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ANALISIS ECONOMICO DE UNA VIVIENDA UNIFAMILIAR","resumen":"ANÁLISIS ECONÓMICO DE UNA VIVIENDA UNIFAMILIAR: DETERMINACIÓN DEL  PRESUPUESTO UTILIZANDO EL MÉTODO DETALLADO DE PRESUPUESTACIÓN Y EL PROGRAMA  PREFAU DESARROLLADO POR LA CATEDRA DE ECONOMIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN Y EL  LABORATORIO DE INFORMÁTICA DE LA FACULTAD DE ARQUITECTURA Y URBANISMO DE LA  UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TUCUMAN, PARA LA PRESUPUESTACIÓN DE OBRAS ASISTIDA  POR COMPUTADORA. LAS ETAPAS DEL MÉTODO DE PRESUPUESTACIÓN UTILIZADO SON:  1.-DESAGREGACIÓN DE LA OBRA EN ITEMS 2.-CÓMPUTO MÉTRICO DE CADA UNO DE LOS  ITEMS DESAGREGADOS 3.-DETERMINACIÓN DE LOS PRECIOS UNITARIOS DE CADA UNO  DE ELLOS 4.-DETERMINACIÓN DEL PRESUPUESTO TOTAL 5.-DETERMINACIÓN DE  INCIDENCIA PORCENTUAL DE ITEMS CON RESPECTO AL PRESUPUESTO TOTAL.","palabras_clave":"ANÁLISIS ECONÓMICO|VIVIENDA UNIFAMILIAR|PRESUPUESTO|PRECIOS UNITARIOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2213,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Lateral Trigger Probability function for the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"In this paper we introduce the concept of Lateral Trigger Probability (LTP) function, i.e., the probability for an Extensive Air Shower (EAS) to trigger an individual detector of a ground based array as a function of distance to the shower axis, taking into account energy, mass and direction of the primary cosmic ray. We apply this concept to the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consisting of a 1.5 km spaced grid of about 1600 water Cherenkov stations. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ultra-high energy showers the LTP functions are derived for energies in the range between 1017 and 1019 eV and zenith angles up to 65°. A parametrization combining a step function with an exponential is found to reproduce them very well in the considered range of energies and zenith angles. The LTP functions can also be obtained from data using events simultaneously observed by the fluorescence and the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory (hybrid events). We validate the Monte Carlo results showing how LTP functions from data are in good agreement with simulations.","palabras_clave":"UHECR Cosmic Rays |Pierre Auger Observatory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2214,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A panbiogeographical model to prioritize areas for conservation along large rivers","resumen":"Aim The large rivers of the Neotropics are considered areas of high diversity and endemism, which play an important role in the distribution patterns and evolution of Neotropical biota. Several methods have been proposed for prioritizing terrestrial conservation areas, but there has been little effort to develop models for river systems. We propose a panbiogeographical approach to identify priority areas for conservation along rivers.  Location The Plata Basin rivers.  Methods We compared the individual tracks (IT) of 96 snake taxa and identified the species associated with rivers using the concept of preferential direction of distribution. For each taxon, we measured the angular deviations between the line of its IT and the course of the rivers on a 100 · 100 km scaled grid. Average angular values < 45 indicated a positive association with rivers. We detected 35 taxa associated with rivers, and their IT were used to determine the generalized tracks (GT) and nodes. We applied a complementarity algorithm to identify the minimum set of nodes required to represent all species.  Results Six nodes were found. The region where the High and Upper Parana´  Rivers converge (Node 1) is of first priority, with 60 of 96 species. The second priority is the Lower Paraguay River and northern section of Middle Parana´ River (Node 2). The third is the High Parana´ , which together with Nodes 1 and 2, comprises 94% of the total species. The fourth and fifth are the High and Middle Uruguay, and the western section of the Upper Parana´ and Ibera´ Marsh system, respectively. These five nodes include all species.  Main conclusions Our results highlight the areas of particular interest for the conservation of rivers and provide a biogeographical algorithm for detecting priority conservation areas. The nodes are a biogeographical approach that allows evolutionary and ecological traits to be included in conservation assessment.","palabras_clave":"NEOTROPICAL RIVERS|PANBIOGEOGRAPHY|PLATA BASIN|PRIORITY CONSERVATION AREAS|SNAKES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2215,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Invertase stability in alginate beads. Effect of trehalose and chitosan inclusion and of drying methods.","resumen":"The purpose of present work was to analyze the effect of trehalose and chitosan on invertase activity preservation in wet and dried alginate beads, by taking advantage of the well known trehalose protective effect of labile compounds during drying and chitosan improvement on mechanical properties of alginate beads. The beads were subjected to different drying methods (freeze-drying, vacuum and forced air circulation drying) and to a mild thermal treatment (50°C). The size and morphology of the beads were analyzed by optical microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The size of the beads was affected by drying at an extent which depended more on the drying method than on the beads composition. Freeze-drying allowed better maintenance of the diameter and circularity of the beads, which showed smoother surface and smaller pores than those generated by vacuum or air drying. The inclusion of chitosan in the gelation media improved enzymatic activity recovery after beads generation; this fact was attributed to a higher mechanical resistance provided by the interaction between alginate and chitosan. There was no effect of trehalose inclusion during this step. Interactions between alginate and chitosan, as well as the effect of trehalose presence were manifested in the FT-IR spectra, and on the increase of alginate decomposition temperatures as detected by DSC. In the alginate beads the enzymatic activity was not enough protected from the damage caused by drying or by heat treatment. The thermal stability of invertase in the dried beads was independent on the type of drying employed, being mainly affected by beads composition. Although trehalose was not effective to prevent enzyme functionality damage during beads generation, it was essential for achieving adequate invertase protection during freezing, drying (freeze-, vacuum- or air-drying) and thermal treatment.","palabras_clave":"ALGINATE BEADS|TREHALOSE|CHITOSAN|ENCAPSULATION|DRYING|ENZYME STABILITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2216,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION IN SENTINEL AND FREE-RANGE CHICKENS FROM ARGENTINA.","resumen":"This study aimed atisolating and genotyping Toxoplasma gondii from serologically positivefree-range chickens from Argentina, and to evaluate the use of sentinel animalsduring a short time period of exposure to determine environmental contaminationwith T. gondii oocysts. Two groups of chickens on six farms werecompared in this study: (i) young, 2?3 month-old broiler-type chickens rearedas sentinel animals on the farms and (ii) adult chickens reared on the samefarms for more than one year. Seroconversion rates of 7.0% or 5.7% wereobserved in sentinel broiler chickens reared for a period of 74 days(January?April 2010) or 88 days (August?November 2010) respectively, as shownby a T. gondii specific immunofluorescent antibody test. Fifty-threepercent (17 of 32) of adult chickens were positive and showed higher titresthan sentinel animals. Isolation of T. gondii from tissues (brain andheart) of serologically positive chickens was achieved from six of sevenfree-range adult birds with IFAT titres of 200 and higher. The isolatedparasites were analysed by multi-locus polymerase chain reaction?restrictionfragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The isolated T. gondii showedthree different genotypes: two genotypes consisted in atypical allele combinations,and the remaining genotype had exclusively clonal type II alleles. All isolatesobtained at a single farm, corresponded to the same genotype. The T. gondiigenotypes observed are identical to those described in cats, dogs, chickens andcapybaras elsewhere in South America. Two isolates, which showed differentallele combinations in PCR-RFLP, were characterized in a mouse virulence assay.While one isolate showed a low virulence a second isolate was of intermediatevirulence to mice.","palabras_clave":"TOXOPLASMA GONDII|CHICKEN|GENOTYPE|MULTI-LOCUS GENOTYPING|SENTINEL|VIRULENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2217,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Transient expression of pepper Bs2 gene in Citrus limon as an approach to evaluate its utility for management of citrus canker disease","resumen":"The pepper Bs2 gene confers resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) pathogenic strains containing the avrBs2 avirulence gene in susceptible pepper and tomato. The avrBs2 gene is highly conserved in the Xanthomonas genus and when bacteria lack this gene their growth in a susceptible host is diminished, indicating that the avrBs2 gene product could confer an adaptive advantage to the pathogen. The avrBs2 of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), cause of citrus canker, shares 96% homology with avrBs2 of Xcv. To evaluate if Bs2 could recognize avrBs2 of Xcc in citrus plants and thereby activate plant defence mechanisms to increase resistance to canker, transient expression experiments were conducted using Agrobacterium tumefaciens in lemon plants subsequently challenged with wildtype Xcc. The results showed that transient expression of Bs2 reduced canker formation in lemon and induced plant defence mechanisms, as shown by callose deposition and PR-1 expression. Moreover, when an avrBs2 mutant of Xcc was used, no decrease in disease symptoms was observed. This work shows that the Bs2 gene from Solanaceae is functional in lemon, a member of the Rutaceae family. Therefore, Bs2 is a potential candidate gene for stable expression in transgenic citrus plants in order to improve resistance to canker disease.","palabras_clave":"Transient|BS2|Citrus|Xanthomonas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2218,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Body size, age and growth pattern of Physalaemus fernandezae (Anura: Leiuperidae) of Argentina","resumen":"Abstract: We studied body size, age structure, age at maturity, longevity, and growth pattern of Physalaemus fernandezae from a population living at the Reserva Natural Punta Lara, Buenos Aires, Argentina by skeletochronological methods. Furthermore, we evaluated the sexual size dimorphism of this species in relation to age at maturity and growth rate. We also discussed the chronological formation of the Lines of Arrested Growth (LAGs) in relation to the reproductive activity of P. fernandezae. Body size was sexually dimorphic; females were significantly, on average, larger and heavier regardless of age, than males. Out of 91 samples that were processed, 65 (36 male, 22 female, 7 juveniles) sections showed well-defined LAGs in the periosteal bone. The minimum number of LAGs counted was of 2 for males and 3 for females. We did not find sexual differences in longevity. Thus, the difference in potential reproductive lifespan between sexes was of 1 year. Although the mean age was higher in females, it did not differ significantly between sexes. There was a strong positive and significant correlation between snout-vent length and body mass. The growth coefficients (K), estimated by the von Bertalanffy growth equation, were higher in males than in females for both size and body mass. The results indicate that females, with lower growth rate than males, took longer time to reach the minimum maturation size, and thus, were older and larger at first reproduction. We assumed that the number of LAGs observed in P. fernandezae is equivalent to only one period of decreasing growth found each year immediately prior to the winter reproductive season. We suggest that this decrease in growth rate may occur between May and June, due to the decrease of temperatures, but also in combination with the scarcity of precipitation.","palabras_clave":"body size|age|growth|skeletochronology|Physalaemus fernandezae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2219,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nutritional chemoprevention of urinary tract tumors (UTT) induced by lithogenic agents: Risk for UTT in children exposed to melamine-contaminated milk formulae","resumen":"Urinary tract tumors are tenth in frequency, and many environmental carcinogens are excreted by urine. Interplay between chronic inflammatory urolithiasis and urothelial carcinogenesis is not well understood. Experimental evidences show that dietary melamine induce these events even at low concentrations. This is important because thousands of children were exposed to melamine through intentionally contaminated milk formula worldwide. We propose that an increased risk for urinary tumors in adult life may occur and screenings for early urinary signs may be necessary. Therefore,urothelial biology, melamine carcinogenic potential, and related epidemiology are discussed,recommending a preventive dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid-based supplementation,since they modulate such interplay in rodents.","palabras_clave":"CANCER|LIPIDS|MELAMINE|TOXICOLOGY|URINARY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2220,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"StarD7 behaves as a fusogenic protein in model and cell membrane bilayers","resumen":"StarD7 is a surface active  protein, structurally related with the START lipid transport family. So, the  present work was aimed at elucidating a potential mechanism of action for  StarD7 that could be related to its interaction with a lipid?membrane  interface. We applied an assay based on the fluorescence de-quenching of  BD-HPC-labeled DMPC?DMPS 4:1 mol\/mol SUVs (donor liposomes) induced by the  dilution with non-labeled DMPC?DMPS 4:1 mol\/mol LUVs (acceptor liposomes).  Recombinant StarD7 accelerated the dilution of BD-HPC in a  concentration-dependent manner. This result could have been explained by either  a bilayer fusion or monomeric transport of the labeled lipid between donor and  acceptor liposomes. Further experiments (fluorescence energy transfer between  DPH-HPC\/BD-HPC, liposome size distribution analysis by dynamic light  scattering, and the multinuclear giant cell formation induced by recombinant  StarD7) strongly indicated that bilayer fusion was the mechanism responsible  for the StarD7-induced lipid dilution. The efficiency of lipid dilution was  dependent on StarD7 electrostatic interactions with the lipid?water interface,  as shown by the pH- and salt-induced modulation. Moreover, this process was  favored by  phosphatidylethanolamine which is known to  stabilize non-lamellar phases considered as intermediary in the fusion process.  Altogether these findings allow postulate StarD7 as a fusogenic protein","palabras_clave":"StarD7|membrane|interaction|fusogenic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2222,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La biopolítica desde la regulación de las conductas y las formas de oposición en los dispositivos pedagógicos del siglo XXI","resumen":"En un mundo en constante transformación, los dispositivos pedagógicos, también se modifican. La escuela produce nuevas formas de regular las conductas, distintas a las que conocimos en las sociedades disciplinarias. Para dar cuenta de esos cambios, focalizaremos la atención en algunas situaciones de la escuela mediante prácticas discursivas de los docentes, padres y estudiantes, que nos permiten aproximarnos a las prácticas de regulación cotidianas y, también, a las formas de oposición, de contraconductas o conductas que en su generalidad no pueden tener lugar en la escuela del siglo XXI.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"DISPOSITIVOS PEDAGÓGICOS|REGULACIÓN|CONTRACONDUCTAS|PRÁCTICAS DISCURSIVAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2223,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Satellite and ground detection of very dense smoke clouds produced in the islands of the Parana river delta, that affected a large region in Central Argentina","resumen":"Intense fires were produced on the Paraná river delta islands, Argentina, during most part of 2008, by a combination of an exceptionally dry period and the farmers´ use of a fire land-cleaning technique. In April 2008, those fires significantly affected the nearby regions and their inhabitants, from Rosario city to Buenos Aires mega-city. In this work we present satellite as well as ground Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at 550 nm data obtained during the propagation of pollution clouds to the central zone of Argentina. The highest value (1.18) was registered at Buenos Aires by atmospheric remote sensing, using the satellite instrument MODIS\/Terra on April 18th 2008 at 10:35 local time (= UT ? 3 h). On the same day, ground air quality detectors also measured in this city the  highest Total Suspended Particle (TSP) value of the month, 2.02 mg\/m3. The AOD(550) daily variation at Rosario Astronomical Observatory, which is located near the Paraná riverside, was derived by combining solar ultraviolet erythemal irradiance data (measured with a YES biometer)  with model calculations. On April 25th 2008, from 12:00 to 15:30 local time, a rather high and constant AOD(550) value was registered, with a mean value of (0.90 ± 0.21). Cities located on the side of the Rosario-Buenos Aires highway (San Nicolás, Baradero and San Pedro) were also  affected, showing a mean AOD(550) between the Rosario and Buenos Aires values. The particulate matter was collected with gridded samplers placed on the Paraná river islands as well as at the Rosario Observatory. They were analysed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and mainly  showed a biological origin. Even if normally large particles travel small distances from the source, organic aerosol in the range of 40-100 micron and complex asymmetric structures were registered several kilometres away from the aerosol sources on the islands. Another event of intense UV index attenuation (98.6%) occurred on September 18th 2008, due to very dense smoke clouds that extended over the Rosario area for several hours. The clouds were driven away from the fires by Eastnortheast and East-southeast winds. The minimum value of this index measured around noon allows to derive a maximum AOD(550)max= (3.65 ± 0.90) at 12:45 local time. Soot clouds extended over the Paraná river, transporting burned biomass debris (BBD) that deposited on Rosario. In particular,   burned leaves and small branches with dimensions of 1-20 centimetres were collected. The mean (BBD) particles deposited on the ground from 7:00 to 19:00 local time were (0.92 ± 0.20) BBD\/(m2.h).  The main purpose of the present work is to contribute to the understanding and quantification of the impact of very dense smoke clouds and BBD that directly and indirectly affected a densely populated area. All the events originated in a very particular and fragile region such as a river delta (with its specific native plants) were registered by using a multi-instrument approach (satellite as well as ground based devices).  The present work was used as a scientific reference for the judicial claim made at the Supreme Court of Justice of Argentina by the National University of Rosario, against the authorities of the Entre Rios Province where the islands of the Paraná river are placed, in order to take the necessary measures for the suspension of the biomass burning in these islands.","palabras_clave":"SMOKE CLOUD|BURNED BIOMASS DEBRIS|SATELLITE DATA|GROUND DATA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2224,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preparation, structural and functional characterization of modified porous PVDF membranes by gamma-irradiation","resumen":"This  work  describes  the  synthesis  of  charged  poly(vinylidene fluoride)  (PVDF)  membranes.  Cationic membranes  were  prepared  by graft  modification  using  radiation-induced  polymerization.  Glycidyl  methacrylate  (GMA)  and  ethylene  glycol  dimethacrylate  (EDMA)  were  used  as  monomers  and  after  graft polymerization  the  former  was  sulfonized  with  sodium  sulfite.  Membrane  characterizations  were  carried out  by  FTIR-ATR,  SEM-EDS,  ionic  exchange  capacity,  hydraulic  permeability  and  liquid\u2013liquid  displacement.  FTIR-ATR  and  SEM-EDS  analysis  revealed  that  increasing  grafting  degree increased  the  amount of  the  sulfonic  group  in  the  membranes.  Sulfonated membranes  showed  smaller  pore  sizes  and  higher pore density than the original PVDF membrane. Oil\/water Ultrafiltration Tests with the charged PVDF membranes  showed  interesting  permselectivity performance;  high  oil  retention  values  (R  >  98%),  low chemical  oxygen  demand  in  the  permeate  solution  (COD  <  59  mg  L&#8722;1).  In  addition,  low  fouling  (<16.6%)and  negligible  irreversible  fouling  of  the  charged  membranes  was  observed  during  the  ultrafiltration  tests.","palabras_clave":"Membranas|Efluentes|Grafting|Ultrafiltracion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2226,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Identidades y relaciones sociales vistas a través de las prácticas funerarias en el cementerio israelita de Algarrobos (Colonia Mauricio; Carlos Casares, Pcia. de Buenos Aires): el caso de las relaciones de género","resumen":"En este trabajo se abordan las relaciones y roles de género en la antigua colonia judía Mauricio (Carlos Casares, Buenos Aires), fundada por la Jewish Colonization Association en 1891, a través del análisis de algunos aspectos de la materialidad funeraria presente en su cementerio. El mismo contiene 226 tumbas, que han sido relevadas, restauradas y sus lápidas traducidas, disponiéndose así de un importante corpus de información que permite indagar en la estructura social de la colonia y sus cambios a través del tiempo. Nos concentramos en las diferencias identificadas en términos de géneros, señalando asociaciones entre motivos iconográficos y géneros, y describiendo las diferencias en la estructura y contenido de los epitafios masculinos y femeninos. Finalmente, comparamos el cuadro que surge del análisis de la materialidad funeraria con las expresiones y testimonios hallados en las fuentes escritas, contextualizándolos a ambos en el marco general de la tradición judaica.                                                 ","palabras_clave":"cementerio|Judaísmo|Colonia Mauricio|género|mujer"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2227,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Texture imaging of zirconium based components by total neutron cross-section experiments","resumen":"The transmission of thermal neutrons through an object is affected by the microstructure and crystallographic texture of the composing material. As a result, the total neutron cross section of common metallic objects departs largely from that expected for polycrystalline materials without preferred orientation. In this work we present the wavelength dependence of the total cross section of different Zr-based components of nuclear reactors, such as pressure tubes, rolled plates and welds. The experimental values found for the total cross section are discussed in terms of the crystallographic texture that results from the component manufacturing. The discussion is based on energy-resolved radiographies taken at the ISIS Facility, UK, using a novel micro-channel plate detector; and theoretical calculations of the elastic coherent total cross section from the orientation distribution function (ODF) of the crystallites composing a sample. The connection existing between texture and neutron transmission is exploited to investigate the spatial variation of texture across Zr-based components.","palabras_clave":"texture| Zirconium|total cross section|neutron transmission"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2228,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High prevalence of human bocavirus 1 in infants with lower acute respiratory tract disease in Argentina, 2007 ?2009","resumen":"Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus whose association with respiratory disease is currentlyunder investigation.Objective: To determine HBoV prevalence in children with lower acute respiratory infection.Methods: We investigated HBoV in 433 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected in 2007-2009 fromchildren 0 to 5 years old hospitalized with bronchiolitis or pneumonia in Córdoba, Argentina.Results: The general prevalence of HBoV was 21.5% and the positive cases (HBoV+) were morefrequent during winter and spring. The mean age of HBoV+ patients was 6.9 months, with 87.1%of the detections corresponding to infants less than 1 year old (among which the prevalence ofHBoV was 26.3% in patients &lt; 3 months of age, 22.1% in 3 to 6 months, 25.3% in 6 to 9 months,and 18.8% in 9 to 12 months). The sequence analysis of the NP1 coding region of 15 isolatesshowed that all isolates from Cordoba were HBoV1 which exhibited a homology of nearly 100%both among themselves and with the originally discovered virus from 2005.Conclusion: Overall, our results indicate that HBoV is a significant pathogen that contributes toacute respiratory infection both on its own and during coinfection with other viruses.© 2012 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved","palabras_clave":"Human Bocavirus|Infant|Bronchiolitis|Pneumonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2229,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Predominance of Human Lymphotropic T-cell Virus type 2 (HTLV-2) subtype b in urban populations of Argentina.","resumen":"ABSTRACT HTLV-2b infection has been described among aborigines from Northern Argentina, while HTLV-2a has been described in an injecting drug user (IDU) from a Central region, similar to the situation in Spain, USA and Brazil. In this study, 22 of the 26 strains analyzed from blood donors and HIV-1+ individuals were HTLV-b (84.6%) clustering with Amerindian references, while 4 HIV-1+ (15.4%) were HTLV-2a. HTLV-2a sequences were closely related to Brazilian references in contrast to the previous Argentinean IDU strain which clustered with Africans and Amerindians from North America. In summary, these findings show that HTLV-2b is the major strain circulating in an urban population of Argentina. HTLV-2a\/b could have been introduced from endemic South American countries such as Brazil and due to the contact with other populations such as IDUs from Europe despite its introduction due to the increasing internal migration of aborigines to big urban centers. Considering this results and recent data about the dissemination of HTLV-1 in residents of Buenos Aires city, new studies among non-at-risk groups for HTLV-1\/2 infection should be performed.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"HTLV-2|PHYLOGENY|ARGENTINA|BLOOD DONORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2230,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Holocene climate variability and environmental history at the Patagonian forest\/steppe ecotone: Lago Mosquito (42°29'37.89 S, 71° 24'14.57 W) and Laguna del Cóndor (42°20' 47.22 S, 71 17' 07.62 W).","resumen":"          Along the eastern Andes, a sharp ecotone separates steppe from North Patagonian forest dominated by Nothofagus spp. and Austrocedrus chilensis. The longitudinal position of the ecotone is largely determined by effective moisture, which in turn is partly governed by the strength and latitudinal position of the Southern Westerlies. As a result, changes in the ecotone provide an opportunity to examine past climate variations. Holocene environmental history at two sites in close proximity is inferred from pollen and high-resolution charcoal data. Prior to 9000 cal. yr BP, vegetation resembled a steppe, in accordance with widespread aridity. Fires were infrequent, likely as a consequence of fuel discontinuity associated with low vegetation cover. At 9000 cal. yr BP, forest taxa expanded into steppe and fires became frequent, indicating that summers were arid enough to support fires but winter moisture was sufficient for Nothofagus spp. to expand. A two-step increase in effective moisture is inferred for the middle Holocene. The first step occurred at 8500 cal. yr BP, as interpreted from the increase in A. chilensis in the region, probably as a consequence of an eastward migration from glacial refugia. The second step at 5500 cal. yr BP is based on a Nothofagus spp. expansion into the steppe. Steppe readvances into the forest between 5250 and 3000 cal. yr BP indicate decreased temperatures and\/or effective moisture. The last 3000 years are characterized by expansions of A. chilensis and an eastward shift of the ecotone, suggesting more humid conditions. European settlement is reflected in the establishment of non-native species and disturbance-adapted taxa.","palabras_clave":"Chaiten eruptions|charcoal analysis|fire history|Northern Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2231,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF FLAT-GRAVEL TRANSPORT OVER A SANDY BEACH, PEHUÉN CO, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Pehuén Co Beach, on the southwest coast of the Buenos Aires Province (Argentina),provides an example of an heterogeneous (mixed sand-gravel) sediment beach with gravelsof the most diverse size and origin. Over 40% of the pebbles are carbonate flat gravels.Field observations included beach profiles, measurements of wave generated currents withan acoustic currentmeter (ADV), videos a 5 x 5 m grid located on the swash zone duringinundation from a nearby tower. Video films where rectified and analyzed using PIV andwavelets. Based on the results, we demonstrated that flat gravels can be easily transportedupbeach distances in excess of 5 m in about 1.5 h. This period corresponds to the hightide situation and covering the steepest beachface segment. Wave conditions during theexperiment corresponded to low breaker height and short periods, but by no means theycould be considered as storm waves demonstrating that gravels can be transported even bysaltation during fair weather conditions.","palabras_clave":"HETEROGENEOUS BEACHES|GRAVEL TRANSPORT|WAVE RUNUP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2232,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunization with crude antigens plus aluminium hydroxide protects cattle from Fasciola hepatica infection","resumen":"      The ability of total  homogenate (TH) of Fasciola hepatica conjugated with aluminium hydroxide (alum)  or Freund´s complete adjuvant (FCA) to protect cattle against experimental  fasciolosis was evaluated. Compared with the infected group, the immunized  animals with alum-TH and FCA-TH presented a significant reduction in fluke  burden (85.9% and 96.8%, respectively), a higher percentage of short-sized  worms, a marked reduction in the released eggs in faeces (89% and 57%,  respectively), as well as an increased production of specific antibodies before  infection. The alum-TH immunized group also showed a significant increase in  the antigen-specific proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)  as early as 4 weeks before infection. Although both immunized groups (alum-TH  and FCA-TH) were able to develop an efficient protective immune response to  metacercarial challenge, an earlier PBMC response, lower hepatic damage and  less effect on weight gain were found in alum-immunized animals. Therefore,  alum is a good candidate for future immunization against bovine fasciolosis.      &nbsp;      &nbsp;  ","palabras_clave":"FASCIOLA HEPATICA|ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE|IMMUNIZATION|ANIMALS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2234,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El gasto social como contención de la población obrera sobrante en Argentina y Venezuela durante el kirchnerismo y el chavismo (2003-2010)","resumen":"La última década se caracteriza por un fuerte aumento del gasto social en América del Sur. Esto se observa en los casos de Argentina y Venezuela, donde el fenómeno se explica por la presencia de gobiernos llamados nacional-populares o socialistas. Según afirman numerosos autores, estaríamos frente a un cambio cualitativo en relación a las políticas neoliberales adoptadas en los 90. En este trabajo nos proponemos discutir este consenso y mostrar que el fuerte aumento del gasto social no responde a un cambio cualitativo motorizado por un giro izquierdista sino a un crecimiento cuantitativo dentro de una tendencia previa a la expansión de la acción estatal para contener a la creciente población obrera sobrante para el capital que se consolida en ambos países.","palabras_clave":"Política social|Gasto Social"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2235,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High frequency of human bocavirus 1 DNA in infants and adults with lower acute respiratory infection","resumen":"Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus with a possible aetiological role in respiratory diseasethat is currently under investigation. We detected HBoV1 in children and adults hospitalized withacute disease of the lower respiratory tract. HBoV genome was detected by PCR innasopharyngeal swabs collected from 75 patients aged 0\u201389 years old during 2010. HBoV wasfound in 17\/75 (22.7 %) patients, 64.7% of them infants younger than 1 year old and 29.4%adults older than 30 years (the bimodal age distribution among HBoV-positive (HBoV+) patientswas statistically significant, P,0.001). Of all HBoV+ cases, 35.3% were co-infected; all coinfectionsoccurred in children (¡13 years old) and 83.3% of them were HBoV-respiratorysyncytial virus (RSV) co-infections. Among infants younger than 1 year, 50% HBoV+ specimenswere co-infected, all of them with RSV. The rate of co-infection in infants was significantly highercompared to the frequency of co-infection in the whole cohort (P50.003). The results suggestthat HBoV1 is involved in acute respiratory disease. Interplay between HBoV1 and RSV cannot bediscarded as a cause of elevated percentages of co-detections in infants.","palabras_clave":"Human Bocavirus 1|Childrens|Adults|Lower acute respiratory infection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2237,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"SÍNTESIS SELECTIVA DE BENZALDEHÍDO USANDO ZEOLITAS MODIFICADAS CON METALES DE TRANSICIÓN","resumen":"Se estudió la oxidación selectiva de estireno para la obtención de benzaldehído sobre zeolitas ZSM-5 modificadas con diferentes metales de transición (cromo, cobalto, hierro, zinc, manganeso y cobre) y utilizando peróxido de hidrógeno como oxidante. Dado que los mejores resultados se obtuvieron utilizando Cr-ZSM-5, estos materiales se estudiaron evaluando el efecto del tiempo de reacción, la masa de catalizador, la relación molar estireno\/hidroperóxido, la naturaleza del solvente y la temperatura de reacción. Los mejores resultados de las condiciones evaluadas se obtuvieron trabajando con una relación molar sustrato\/oxidante de 0,45 y utilizando acetonitrilo como solvente, dado su carácter aprótico y de mayor polaridad de los solventes evaluados (acetonitrilo, acetona, 2-butanol y 2-propanol). El aumento en la temperatura de reacción mostró un incremento en la conversión de estireno, el cual se desaceleró al superar los 60 ºC por descomposición térmica del peróxido de hidrógeno.","palabras_clave":"oxidación selectiva|benzaldehído|Cr-ZSM-5|parámetros de reacción"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2238,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudios Epidérmicos en Helechos y Licofitas Medicinales de la Provincia de Córdoba (Argentina)","resumen":"Se realiza un análisis epidérmico de los órganos vegetativos y reproductivos de 28 helechos y licófitas medicinales, que crecen en  Córdoba (Argentina). Los objetivos fueron: a) caracterizar en detalle la epidermis de todos los órganos; b) contribuir a la diferenciación de taxones estrechamente relacionados y c) proveer información adicional para un adecuado control de calidad de los helechos medicinales que se comercializan. Se describen en detalle distintos tipos de pelos, escamas, microescamas,estructuras de respiración y características de las células epidérmicas. Para cada taxón, se provee una descripción acompañada de dibujos lineales y fotomicrografías. Se describen por primera vez pelos y escamas inéditos y se mencionan tipos de estomas novedosos en varios taxones. Desde el punto de vista taxonómico, el indumento y los tipos de estomas fueron los caracteres más significativos para diferenciar taxones. El aporte al control de calidad queda resumido en los caracteres  diagnósticos de la clave y en la iconografía que permiten la identificación de una especie cuando la droga vegetal se encuentra fragmentada o pulverizada.","palabras_clave":"Control de Calidad|Escamas|Estomas|Pelos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2239,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and quaternary ammonium compounds on yeasts isolated from apple juice","resumen":"In this work, we evaluated the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite and a commercial quaternary ammonium compound against four wild yeast strains in their different growth forms: planktonic, sessile and forming microcolonies. These yeasts had been isolated from apple juice processing plant, and appropriate environmental conditions were employed throughout the work. Forplanktonic cells, 4 log reduction was obtained using the lowest concentration of sodium hypochlorite (200 ppm) on all tested strains. However, quaternary ammonium chloride was effective only on Zygosaccharomyces sp. in all in-use concentrations tested, and only the stronger in-use concentration (1:30) was effective on Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Because of the above results, the disinfection on sessile yeast cells was performed only with sodium hypochlorite solutions. In cells attached in batch conditions, the highest concentration of sodium hypochlorite (500 ppm) was necessary to get 4 log reduction. In order to obtain a 3 log reduction on Zygosaccharomyces sp. microcolonies formed in laminar flow conditions, the combined action of 0.5% w\/v NaOH and 500 ppm sodium hypochlorite was required. We concluded, thus, that cellsforming microcolonies under laminar flow conditions were less susceptible to disinfectants than those suspended or attached in batch conditions. These results also indicated that attachment and colonization of autochthonous yeasts must be properly identified to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfectants used in apple juice processing plants.","palabras_clave":"desinfection|biofilm|yeast"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2240,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"FINDINGS OF INTRAFORMATIONAL STRIATED PAVEMENTS IN THE LATE CARBONIFEROUS GLACIAL DEPOSITS OF THE ANDEAN PRECORDILLERA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"One of the most important glacial events inthe history of the Earth took place during theLate Paleozoic when large areas of the GondwanaSupercontinent were covered by ice-masses (Crowell,1978; Hambrey and Harland, 1981; Isbell et al.,2003a,b; Rocha Campos et al., 2008; Fielding et al.,2008; López Gamundí, 2010). Though this glacialevent was initially considered a large and uniqueepisode spanning a great part of the Carboniferousand Permian in Gondwana, new geological evidencesuggests that the glacial period was not continuous,but rather punctuated by several interglacial events.In this way, López Gamundí (1997) and later Isbell etal. (2003b) divided the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA)into four major glacial intervals corresponding to theEarly Carboniferous (LPIA 1), Late Carboniferous-Early Permian (LPIA 2), Early Permian (LPIA 3) andLate Permian (LPIA 4). This division adequatelydescribes the record of the glacial deposits inGondwana and allows for the proposal of a generalstratigraphy for the glacial deposits demonstratingthe existence of low-frequency climatic changes.","palabras_clave":"STRIATED PAVEMENTS|PAGANZO BASIN|PRECORDILLERA|CARBONIFEROUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2241,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"One-dimensional gratings evolving through high-temperature annealing: sine-generated solutions","resumen":"Sine-generated curves (i.e. curves in which the curvature is a sine function of the arc-length parameter) have been used in the past to describe river meanders. Here we show how these curves spontaneously appear during the decay of high-aspect-ratio surfaces mediated by surface diffusion. We obtained analytical results for the kinetic evolution of such processes relevant to a wide class of initial geometries. Our theoretical results were satisfactorily compared with numerical simulations and with results from previous approaches to the same problem, and they can be useful for interpreting and designing experiments related to the technologically important process of high-temperature annealing on nano\/micro-structured samples.","palabras_clave":"Annealing|nanostructures|modelling|sine curves"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2242,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and antikinetoplastid activity of a series of N,N'-substituted diamines","resumen":"A series of 25 N,N´-substituted diamines were prepared by controlled reductive amination of free aliphatic diamines with different substituted benzaldehydes. The library was screened in vitro for antiparasitic activity on the causative agents of human African trypanosomiasis, Chagas´ disease and visceral leishmaniasis. The most potent compounds were derived from a subset of diamines that contained a 4-OBn substitution, having a 50% parasite growth inhibition in the submicromolar (against Trypanosoma cruzi) or nanomolar (against Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania donovani) range. We conclude that members of this series of N,N´-substituted diamines provide new lead structures that have potential to treat trypanosomal and leishmanial infections.","palabras_clave":"LEISHMANIASIS|CHAGAS DIEASE|HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS|DIAMINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2243,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?Interfases cuali y cuantitativas sobre las necesidades y competencias en la formación de recursos humanos en salud en el área del adulto mayor. Exploración desde la perspectiva de las instituciones, usuarios y efectores?","resumen":"El aumento en la expectativa de vida y el envejecimiento poblacional constituyen un desafío para la sociedad y para las políticas públicas hacia los adultos mayores(AM).  El objetivo del estudio fue indagar en las necesidades y competencias en la formación de profesionales de salud en el área de adultos mayores(AAM) desde la perspectiva de usuarios y efectores.  Se utilizó un diseño exploratorio-descriptivo con triangulación cuali-cuantitativa de fuentes y herramientas: planes y programas de carreras de salud, entrevistas a efectores y grupos focales con usuarios.  Se observó escasa presencia e inadecuación de contenidos relativos al AAM en los planes de estudio y la existencia de una propuesta formativa mínima centrada en el control técnico-instrumental. Los documentos internacionales y locales analizados explicitan solo contenidos generales. Usuarios y efectores coincidieron en la necesidad de aumentar la formación y capacitación de recursos humanos priorizando actitudes y vocación.  Desde un enfoque de derechos, es necesario articular los diferentes actores sociales y niveles de gestión adecuando contenidos, conocimientos y propuestas planteadas en los documentos para pensar formas de transferencia y transposición en propuestas concretas de capacitación y formación en el área, así como generar espacios de discusión, implementación y seguimientos de propuestas con la participación de AM,   expertos, profesionales y gestores. También es indispensable promover investigaciones y difundir la información existente mediante adecuadas formas de comunicación.","palabras_clave":"SERVICIOS DE SALUD|ADULTOS MAYORES |FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL|NECESIDADES Y COMPETENCIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2244,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La estimulación de la competencia deductiva incrementa la comprensión de leyes lógicas","resumen":"La hipótesis del sistema deductivo o HSD es una conjetura clásica de la psicología delpensamiento que afirma la disponibilidad natural y espontánea de múltiples recursoslógicos en la mente humana. Si bien la HSD cuenta con abundante evidencia favorable, sesuele objetar a este enfoque que el razonamiento lógico de la población general presentadistorsiones sistemáticas en diversos experimentos psicológicos. Los defensores de la HSDhan respondido que tales distorsiones son atribuibles a problemas en la representación delas tareas experimentales. El presente estudio se propone contribuir con esta discusiónmediante la generación de evidencia experimental relacionada con la optimización de larepresentación de problemas lógicos. Se informan los resultados de un experimento quelogró mejorar el rendimiento lógico mediante la estimulación del pensamiento formal enuna tarea de razonamiento relacionada con las leyes de DeMorgan, que establecenequivalencias para la negación de conjunciones y disyunciones. Se argumenta que estehallazgo es compatible con la HSD. Finalmente, se discuten las limitaciones delexperimento y se sugieren líneas de investigación para futuros estudios.","palabras_clave":"LÓGICA|RAZONAMIENTO|COMPETENCIA|DEDUCCIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2245,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Civilizados y animales. Representaciones publicitarias de la identidad nacional en el rugby","resumen":"En Este trabajo se analizan las representaciones de lo nacional construidas en spots publicitarios de la selección de rugby argentina: \u201CLos Pumas\u201D. Con este objetivo analizaremos publicidades televisivas -de empresas multinacionales- previas a los test match y al mundial de rugby 2007, disputado en Francia. Estudiaremos cómo estas representaciones, vinculadas a nociones de civilidad y racionalidad, sostienen un relato -complejo y superficialmente contradictorio- donde conviven lo culto y lo animal. Proponemos desentrañar las significaciones socio-culturales construidas por lógicas mercantiles, buscando así, rastros para pensar cuáles son las narrativas asociadas al rugby en la disputa por nombrar qué es la Nación. Como punto de llegada analizamos cómo los discursos nacionales de los spots publicitarios buscan maximizar la lógica mercantil.","palabras_clave":"RUGBY|IDENTIDAD NACIONAL|REPRESENTACIONES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2246,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Recensión de 'Examen filosófico del acto de la decisión', Pamplona, Eunsa, 2010, 140 pp., de Carlos Llano.","resumen":"Se trata de la recensión de un libro del profesor español Carlos Llano. El objeto central del trabajo de de Llano es analizar el papel de la voluntad ?cuando se trata de elegir entre dos realidades igualmente buenas; o, en otras palabras, indagar el origen y la posibilidad de la acción humana frente a opciones que conservan en el entendimiento el mismo peso de bondad?. Para ello, analiza tanto una posición que denomina, 'racionalismo determinista', que caracteriza como una 'consecuencia inevitable de un intelectualismo radical, que no podría admitir ningún acto de libertad absuelto de la férula del entendimiento?. El autor expone la respuesta que Tomás de Aquino da a este problema. Esa respuesta parte de la distinción entre causa racional y causa necesaria: ?no es imprescindible que la causa que hace que la voluntad quiera algo cause necesariamente? (de Malo, q. 6, ad. 15). El entendimiento es causa racional pero no causa necesaria del movimiento de la voluntad. Tomás de Aquino lo explica al exponer la posibilidad del pecado: el hombre es capaz de pecar porque ?puede, mediante la misma voluntad, presentar un impedimento, bien sea suprimiendo aquella consideración que lo inducía a querer algo, bien sea considerando lo opuesto? (idem).","palabras_clave":"razón práctica|decisión|bienes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2247,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una lengua nacional aluvial para la Argentina. Jorge Luis Borges, Américo Castro y Amado Alonso en torno al idioma de los argentinos","resumen":"El artículo se concentra en estudiar los debates en  torno a la concepción de la lengua nacional en la  Argentina, a la par del establecimiento del Instituto  de Filología a partir de la década de 1920. Asimismo,  sitúa estos debates en la sociedad y la cultura de  la época. Explica, por otra parte, el modo en que  incidió el arribo del peronismo al poder sobre el  Instituto de Filología, la Universidad de Buenos  Aires y la propia concepción de la lengua nacional.","palabras_clave":"Idioma nacional|década de 1930|historia intelectual"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2248,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Furstenberg sets for a fractal set of directions","resumen":"In this note we study the behavior of the size of Furstenberg sets with respect to the size of the set of directions defining it. The problem is considered in the wider scenario of generalized Hausdorff measures, giving estimates on the appropriate dimension functions for each class of Furstenberg sets. In particular we are able to extend previously known results to the zero dimensional case.","palabras_clave":"HAUSDORFF DIMENSION|FURSTENBERG SET|KAKEYA SET|DIMENSION FUNCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2249,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of the corrosion of a reinforced concrete designed for the construction of an intermediate-level radioactive waste disposal facility","resumen":"The National Atomic Energy Commission of the Argentine Republic is developing a nuclear waste disposal management programme that contemplates the design and construction of a facility for the final disposal of intermediate-level radioactive wastes. The repository is based on the use of multiple, independent and redundant barriers. The major components are made in reinforced concrete so, the durability of these structures is an important aspect for the facility integrity. This work presents an investigation performed on a reinforced concrete specifically designed for this purpose, to predict the service life of the intermediate level radioactive waste disposal facility from data obtained with several techniques. Results obtained with corrosion sensors embedded in a concrete prototype are also included. The information obtained will be used for the final design of the facility in order to guarantee a service life more or equal than the foreseen durability for this type of facilities.","palabras_clave":"CORROSION|RADIOACTIVE WASTE|HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2250,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Computer aided tools for designing plant-wide control structures for large-scale industrial processes","resumen":"In this work a systematic design procedure of a plant-wide control structure is applied to a well known benchmark problem of a large-scale pulp mill process (CASTRO; DOYLE, 2004a). Because of the high dimension of this system it was necessary to develop some additional computer aided tools for support calculations. It is based on the minimization of the sum of squared deviations (SSD index) (ZUMOFFEN; BASUALDO, 2010) which is done via the use of genetic algorithm. It represents a good trade-off between achieve acceptable results with less computational effort. Previous works presented alternative solutions but using several heuristic considerations for reducing the problem dimensionality. The obtained performance with the selected control structure and the decentralized strategy, presented previously by Castro and Doyle (2004b), are compared. Several closed-loop simulations for critical set point changes are rigorously evaluated here.","palabras_clave":"COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN|PLANT-WIDE CONTROL|LARGE-SCALE PULP INDUSTRY|GENETIC ALGORITHM|DYNAMIC SIMULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2251,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationships between early experience to dietary diversity, acceptance of novel flavors, and open field behavior in sheep","resumen":"This study determined whether early experiences by sheep to monotonous or diverse diets influence: (1) plasmatic profiles of cortisol, a hormone involved in stress responses by mammals, before and after an ACTH challenge, (2) the readiness to eat new foods in a new environment, (3) general fearfulness and response to separation - as measured by the open field test (OFT) and stress induced hyperthermia (SIH) - and (4) the link between (2) and (3). Thirty, 2-mo-old lambs were randomly assigned to 3 treatments (10 lambs\/treatment). Lambs in one treatment (Diversity - DV) received in successive periods of exposure all possible 4-way choice combinations of 2 foods high in energy and 2 foods high in protein from an array of 6 foods: 3 high in energy (beet pulp, oat grain, and a mix of grape pomace:milo [40:60]) and 3 high in protein (soybean meal, alfalfa, corn gluten meal). Lambs in another treatment (DV+T) received the same exposure described for DV but two phytochemicals, oxalic acid (1.5%) and quebracho tannins (10%) were randomly added within any period of exposure to foods high in energy or to foods high in protein. Lambs in the third treatment (Monotony - MO) received a monotonous balanced ration containing all 6 foods fed to the other groups. After exposure, lambs were offered a choice of the aforementioned 6 foods (DV; DV+T) or the monotonous diet (MO). Lambs were intravenously injected with ACTH 1h after food presentation, and sampled at 1, 2, and 3h post feeding for determinations of plasma cortisol concentrations. Reluctance to eat novel flavored foods (onion-, coconut- and cinnamon-flavored wheat bran), open field behavior, and SIH was assessed in all treatments. Lambs in MO showed greater concentrations of plasma cortisol 1h after food presentation than lambs in the DV or DV+T treatments (P=0.04). However, the difference was small and no differences among treatments were detected after an ACTH challenge (P>0.1). Lambs in DV consumed more onion-flavored wheat bran than lambs in MO (P=0.05). Lambs in DV also showed a greater cumulative consumption of novel flavors on d 2 than lambs in MO (treatment×day; P=0.01). Lambs in DV showed lower increase in rectal temperature (P=0.07) than lambs in MO. Only lambs in DV exhibited a positive relationship between consumption of cinnamon-flavored wheat bran and attempts of escape (R 2=0.58; P=0.02). Our results suggest that exposure to diverse foods early in life may be less stressful than exposure to monotonous rations, as measured by plasma cortisol concentrations after food ingestion, and by changes in rectal temperature after exposure to the OFT. Lambs exposed to diverse diets early in life may also increase the initial acceptance of new flavors in novel environments relative to lambs exposed early in life to monotonous diets. © 2011.","palabras_clave":"DIET SELECTION|EARLY EXPERIENCE|FOOD DIVERSITY|FORAGING|SHEEP|STRESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2252,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Programming Model for the Semantic Web","resumen":"This year the concept of ?Semantic Web? celebrates its tenth  anniversary since it was coined by prominent researchers Tim Berners-Lee,  James Hendler and Ora Lassila. To date, there are many technologies to  describe, in a machine-understandable way, information and services available  in the Web. An incipient research area is focused on solving the issues related  to building applications for truly exploiting semantically-described resources.  In this paper, we present an approach to upgrade a software application into a  Semantic Web-enabled one. The approach builds on the Aspect-Oriented  Programming (AOP) paradigm to allow developers to incorporate ontology  management capabilities into an ordinary object-oriented application without  modifying its source code. The paper also discusses related works and presents  case studies.","palabras_clave":"Semantic Web|Software|Model|Aspect-Oriented Programming"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2253,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cuantificación de la Morfología en Imágenes de Nanofibras Poliméricas para Ingeniería de Tejidos","resumen":"The design of highly porous polymer scaffolds,  for application in tissue engineering, has been focused on the  production of biomaterials with a set of properties promoting  specific biological responses for each type of cell, tissue and  application. To attain this goal, the characterization and quantification  of the morphological properties of these polymeric  scaffolds is nece ssary, in order to associate them with the mechanical  and biological properties.  This paper proposes the use of the granulometric size function,  computed from the scaffold images, to develop algorithms  that help the specialists in the characterization of the shape,  size, stocking density and orientation of the arrays. The proposed  method detects morphological changes with more than  90% accuracy, compared with the manual analysis performed  by the experts. This analysis enables a good characterization  of the polymer scaffold images, becoming a useful tool for  specialists in this area of research.","palabras_clave":"PROCESAMIENTO|ELECTROSPINNUNG|MORFOLOGIA|INGENIERIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2254,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chaetophractus villosus: a disturbing agent for archaeological contexts.","resumen":"    Chaetophractus  villosus (Dasypodidae),  a medium-sized armadillo with burrowing habits, is one of the natural agents whose  activities play a major role in archaeological deposit disturbance in the Pampean  Region in Argentina.  This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis between the  archaeological materials collected from 32 currently active burrows and the  remains collected in the sedimentary matrix identified as burrow filling during  excavations of El Guanaco Site 1, Sector 1. As a general tendency, it was  possible to establish that Chaetophractus villosus removes both lithic  and faunal materials which are 3   cm long or less. As an exception, materials up to 7 cm long are displaced. The  distribution observed during the excavation of currently active burrows  indicates that materials concentrate around the burrows entrance.","palabras_clave":"CHAETOPHRACTUS VILLOSUS|BURROWING ACTIVITY|SITE FORMATION|MOUNDS|PAMPEAN REGION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2256,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Baculovirus Capsid Display Potentiates OVA Cytotoxic and Innate Immune Responses","resumen":"Baculoviruses (BV) are DNA viruses that are pathogenic for insects. Although BV infect a range of mammalian cell types, theydo not replicate in these cells. Indeed, the potential effects of these insect viruses on the immune responses of mammals areonly just beginning to be studied. We show in this paper that a recombinant Autographa californica multiple nuclearpolyhedrosis virus carrying a fragment of ovalbumin (OVA) on the VP39 capsid protein (BV-OVA) has the capacity to act asan adjuvant and vector of antigens in mice, thereby promoting specific CD4 and cytotoxic T cell responses against OVA. BValso induced in vivo maturation of dendritic cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines, thus promoting innate andadaptive immune responses. The OVA-specific response induced by BV-OVA was strong enough to reject a challenge withOVA-expressing melanoma cells (MO5 cells) and effectively prolonged survival of MO5 bearing mice. All these findings,together with the absence of pre-existing immunity to BV in humans and the lack of viral gene expression in mammaliancells, make BV a candidate for vaccination.","palabras_clave":"Baculovirus|Capsid dispaly|ova|immune response"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2257,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Allometric and group differences in the xenarthran femur","resumen":"The aim of this study is to analyze shape variation in the xenarthran femur to gain insights into their behavior and locomotion. Specimens of both Cingulata (armadillos and glyptodonts) and Pilosa (anteaters and sloths) were studied and within each group body mass varies by several orders of magnitude. The main focus of the analysis was allometric variation in femoral shape in the three groups studied, armadillos, glyptodonts, and pilosans. Three dimensional coordinates were recorded for 40 homologous landmarks on each of 51 xenarthran femurs. The data were analyzed by geometric morphometric methods, and form space analysis was used to identify the allometric variation in each of the three groups. Across all groups, larger specimens tended to have larger articular  surfaces, more robust femora generally, and the shape of the  femoral condyles was more suited to extended postures. In  addition, in larger specimens the medial condyle was much  larger than the lateral condyle and the third trochanter was  located more distally. The larger armadillo femora had a  greater trochanter located considerably proximal to the femoral head and this is thought to improve femoral  extension, but in glyptodonts and pilosans the larger  specimens had a greater trochanter that was far lateral to  the femoral head and this is interpreted as enhancing  femoral rotation.","palabras_clave":"Allometry |Geometric Morphometric"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2258,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Geographic host use variability and host range evolutionary dynamics in the phytophagous insect Apagomerella versicolor (Cerambycidae)","resumen":"The high diversity of phytophagous insects has been explained by the tendency of the group towards specialization; however, generalism may be advantageous in some environments. The cerambycid Apagomerella versicolor exhibits intraspecific geographical variation in host use. In northern Argentina it is highly specialized on the herb Pluchea sagittalis (Asteraceae), while in central and southern areas it uses seven Asteraceae species. To study host species geographical variation from ecological and evolutionary perspectives, we investigated field host availability and use across a wide latitudinal range, and performed laboratory studies on insect oviposition preference and larval performance and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in a phylogeographical framework. Geographic variation in host use was unrelated to hostavailability but was highly associated with laboratory oviposition preference, larval performance, and mtDNA variation. Genetic studies revealed three geographic races of A. versicolor with gene flow restriction and recent geographic expansion. Trophic generalism and oligophagywithin A. versicolor seem to have evolved as adaptations to seasonal and spatial unavailability of the preferred host P. sagittalis in cooler areas of the species\u2019 geographic range. No single genotype is successful in all environments; specialization may be advantageous in environmentswith uniform temporal and spatial host availability, while being a trophic generalist may provide an adaptive advantage in host-constrained environments.","palabras_clave":"Host plan expansion|Phytophagous evolution|Host preference|Host use"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2259,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Bacillus anthracis: una mirada molecular a un patógeno célebre","resumen":"Bacillus athracis es un bacilo gram positivo del grupo Bacillus cereus, que posee un genoma extremadamente monomórfico y comparte gran similitud fisiológica y de estructura genética con B. cereus y Bacillus thuringiensis. En este artículo se describen nuevos métodos moleculares para la identificación y tipificación de B. anthracis, basados en repeticiones e tandem de número variable o en diferencias genéticas detectadas por secuenciación, desarrollados en los últimos años. Los aspectos moleculares de los factores de virulencia tradicionales, cápula,antígeno protector, factor letal y factor edema se describen en profundidad, junto con factores de virulencia recientemente propuestos, como los sideróforos, petrobactina y bacilibactina, la adhesina de la capa S y la lipoproteina MntA. También se detalla la organización molecular de los megaplasmidos pXO1 y pXO2, incluyendo la isla de patogenicidad de pXO1. El esqueleto genetico de estos plásmidos se ha encontrado en otras especies relacionadas, probablemente debido a eventos de transferencia lateral. Finalmente, se presentan los dos receptores celulares del antígeno protector, ANTXR1\/TEM8 y ANTXR2\/CMG2, esenciales en la interacción del patógeno con el hospedador. Los estudios moleculares realizados en os últimos años han permitido aumentar enormemente el conocimiento de los diferentes aspectos de este microorganismo y su relación con el hospedador, pero a la vez han abierto nuevos interrogantes sobre este notorio patógeno.    Palabras clave: Bacillus anthracis, ántrax moleculares, factores de virulencia, megaplasmidos, diversidad genética.","palabras_clave":"BACILLUS ANTHARACIS|ÁNTRAX|ASPECTOS MOLECULARES|FACTORES DE VIRULENCIA|MAGAPLÁSMIDOS|DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2260,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Flooding effects on phosphorus dynamics in an Amazonian mangrove, northern Brazil","resumen":"Aims and methods: We examined porewater salinity,soil redox potential (Eh), soil extractable phosphate(extr.-P), leaf phosphorus (leaf-P) and plant growth inrelation to inundation frequency (IF) and mangrovespecies distributions along a 600 m transect in theBragança Peninsula, North Brazil.Results: The forest species composition changedacross the tidal zone with Avicennia germinansdominating (99.1%) the high intertidal (HI) zonewhere the IF was 41?67 d.y&#8722;1, Rhizophora mangle,Laguncularia racemosa and A. germinans co-occuredin the mid intertidal (MI), and a mixed R. mangle(47.1%) - A, germinans (41.2%) stand occupied thelow intertidal (LI) zone with an IF of 124?162 d.y&#8722;1.Low IF resulted in high Eh levels (200 mV) in the HIzone relative to the LI where Eh ranged from 0?100 mV.The IF showed a significant positive correlation withextr.-P (r=0,89; p=0.05) and a negative associationwith Eh (r=&#8722;0,75; p=0.05).Conclusion: An ANCOVA confirmed that Eh andextr.P were influenced by flooding. Variations inthese factors were reflected in patterns of P leaf tissueconcentrations across the gradient; however, aMANCOVA showed that leaf-P was not relatedto tree height, tree volume or basal area. Waterloggingconditions, porewater salinity, and Pdynamics in the sediment appear to influence theforest structure. We suggest that P availabilityplays an important role in controling mangrovespecies distributions but not their growth.","palabras_clave":"Amazonia|Mangrove|Inundation|Phosphorus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2261,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Doubly differential diffraction at a time grating in above-threshold ionization: Intracycle and intercycle interferences","resumen":"We analyze the doubly differential electron distribution in atomic above-threshold ionization by a linearly-polarized short-laser pulse. We generalize the one-dimensional (1D) simple man's model (SMM) of Arbó et al. [19], to a three dimensional (3D) description by using the saddle-point approximation (SPA). We prove that the factorization of the photoelectron spectrum in terms of intracycle and intercycle interference patterns can be extended to the doubly differential momentum distribution. Intercycle interference corresponds to the well-known ATI peaks of the photoelectron spectrum arising from the superposition of electron trajectories released at complex times during different optical cycles, whereas intracycle interference comes from the coherent superposition of trajectories released within the same optical cycle. We verify the SPA predictions by comparison with time-dependent distorted wave calculations and the solutions of the full 3D time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE). An analytical expression for the complete interference pattern within the SPA is presented showing excellent agreement with the numerical calculations. We show that the recently proposed semiclassical description based on the SMM in terms of a diffraction process at a time grating remains unchanged when considering the full 3D problem within the SPA.","palabras_clave":"diffraction|intracycle|above-threshold"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2263,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ultraviolet radiation on innate immunity and growth of broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris): implications for facilities design","resumen":"Sunlight is a key environmental factor in almost all ecosystems, and it is necessary for many physiological functions. Many vertebrates require ultraviolet (UV) radiation to perform different physiological processes. Artificial light is used to supplement UV in captive animals, through appropriate photoperiods and UV wavelengths. Previous studies reported that repeated exposure to artificial UV radiation may cause damage to the immune system. Taking into account the importance of UV effects and the serum complement system, the relationship between them was investigated. The study lasted 90 days and was carried out in plastic chambers. Ninety six broad-snouted caiman (C. latirostris) were assigned to four treatment groups with two replicates each: total darkness (TD), 8 hr per day (8 hr) and 16 hr per day (16 hr) of artificial UV\/visible light exposure, and normal photoperiod of natural light (NP). Snout\u2013vent length was measured to determine animal growth. Hemolytic assays were performed to evaluate the effects of artificial UV\/visible light, TD, and NP on the serum  complement system. Results showed that animals grew more in the NP group. The capacity of C. latirostris serum to hemolyze sheep red blood cells was higher in the NP group than when they are maintained in constant light\u2013dark cycles (8 and 16 hr) or in TD. These data demonstrate that artificial UV should be considered as a potential hazard for captive crocodilians if it is not properly managed, and this should be taken into account in the general design of facilities for reptilian husbandry.","palabras_clave":"IMMUNITY|COMPLEMENT SYSTEM|UV RADIATION|CROCODILIAN HUSBANDRY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2264,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Regional climate simulations over South America: sensitivity to model physics and to the treatment of lateral boundary conditions using the MM5 model","resumen":"In this study the capability of the MM5 model  in simulating the main mode of intraseasonal variability  during the warm season over South America is evaluated  through a series of sensitivity experiments. Several  3-month simulations nested into ERA40 reanalysis were  carried out using different cumulus schemes and planetary  boundary layer schemes in an attempt to define the optimal  combination of physical parameterizations for simulating  alternating wet and dry conditions over La Plata Basin  (LPB) and the South Atlantic Convergence Zone regions,  respectively. The results were compared with different  observational datasets and model evaluation was performed  taking into account the spatial distribution of  monthly precipitation and daily statistics of precipitation  over the target regions. Though every experiment was able  to capture the contrasting behavior of the precipitation  during the simulated period, precipitation was largely  underestimated particularly over the LPB region, mainly  due to a misrepresentation in the moisture flux convergence.  Experiments using grid nudging of the winds above  the planetary boundary layer showed a better performance  compared with those in which no constrains were imposed  to the regional circulation within the model domain.  Overall, no single experiment was found to perform the  best over the entire domain and during the two contrasting  months. The experiment that outperforms depends on the  area of interest, being the simulation using the Grell (Kain\u2013  Fritsch) cumulus scheme in combination with the MRF  planetary boundary layer scheme more adequate for subtropical  (tropical) latitudes. The ensemble of the sensitivity  experiments showed a better performance compared with  any individual experiment.","palabras_clave":"REGIONAL CLIMATE MODELING|SOUTH AMERICA|SENSITIVITY EXPERIMENTS|MM5 MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2265,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Militaries, civilians and democracy in the Arab world","resumen":"While re-establishing civilian rule over the military is a  precondition of democratic governance, transitions will likely prove  too fragile without negotiating the withdrawal of the armed forces  from the process of decision-making too. If, when and how to limit  the influence of militaries on political decision-making thus becomes  a complex dilemma. This policy brief addresses the issue, looking first  at the major challenges in civil-military relations facing aspiring Arab  democracies today, and second at the lessons that past international  transitions can provide.","palabras_clave":"MMUNDO ARABE|AMERICA LATINA|CONTROL CIVIL|FUERZAS ARMADAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2266,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Educación y mortalidad diferencial de adultos. Provincia de Córdoba, República Argentina","resumen":"El presente trabajo realiza un análisis de la situación educacional y su relación con lamortalidad diferencial de los adultos de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Se estudia ladistribución por condición de alfabetismo, edad y sexo de la población adulta. Posteriormentese realiza el mismo análisis para máximo nivel de instrucción alcanzado, encontrándose quelas nuevas generaciones tienen un mayor nivel de instrucción que las generaciones pasadas. Enuna segunda parte se realiza un análisis longitudinal de la cohorte de 50 a 60 años del censo de1980 por nivel de instrucción, siguiéndola a través de los censos de 1991 y 2001. Se detectaque aumenta la proporción de adultos con instrucción más elevada, disminuyendo la proporciónde menos instruidos, lo que estaría indicando una mortalidad diferencial por nivel educativo.Esto se corrobora al calcular las esperanzas de vida a los 25 años diferenciales por nivel deinstrucción y sexo, utilizando información de las estadísticas vitales","palabras_clave":"Mortalidad|Educación|Adultos Mayores"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2268,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Identificación y caracterización de Dasheen mosaic virus en cala (Zantedeschia aethiopica) en Córdoba, Argentina","resumen":", CAFRUNE, E.E, ASINARI, F.,  NOME, C. F., PEROTTO, M. C., QUIROGA, M. y CONCI, V. C. 2011. Identificación y caracterización de Dasheen  mosaic virus en cala (Zantedeschia  aethiopica) en Córdoba, Argentina. Revista Fitopatología Colombiana Vol 35-1:  63-67. ISSN 01200143-      La Araceae es una familia de plantas monocotiledóneas que incluyen especies alimentícias y ornamentales de importancia económica. Esta familia de plantas incluye 2.950 especies distribuidas en 106 géneros, incluyendo Zantedeschia. Las especies de este género se propagan generalmente por métodos asexuales, lo que favorece la transmisión de patógenos sistémicos como los virus. Debido a esto, es fundamental analizar las plantas madres para producir material propagativo sano. La Z. aethiopica (cala común) es una planta ornamental de amplia distribución mundial, y las virosis son uno de los problemas fitosanitarios que limitan su producción. Entre los virus que infectan cala, se destacan algunas especies de los géneros Tospovirus, Potyvirus; Carmovirus y Cucumovirus. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar el organismo causal de un mosaico observado en plantas de Z. aethiopica en jardines de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Una observación de extractos de plantas de cala afectadas por el mosaico, permitió la detección de partículas virales filamentosas y flexuosas mediante el método de ?leaf dip?. En cortes ultrafinos de lámina foliar fueron detectadas inclusiones tipo molinete, típicas del género Potyvirus. Esta observación fue confirmada mediante la técnica inmuno enzimática indirecta (PTA-ELISA) con antisuero que detecta potyvirus (BIOREBA). Se clonó y secuenció un fragmento genómico de 664 nt correspondiente a la porción final del gen de la NIb y la primera parte de la cápside protéica (CP); arrojando un 70,2% a 87,3% de identidad de amino ácidos con secuencias de Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV). Con el propósito de confirmar la identidad viral se comparó la secuencia completa de la CP, para lo cual se amplificó un fragmento de 1000 pb con iniciadores específicos para DsMV. El fragmento se clonó, secuenció y la secuencia obtenida se comparó con secuencias publicadas en el GenBank. Se detectó entre 83,6 y 95,2% de identidad de la CP con otras secuencias del DsMV, obteniendo los mayores porcentajes (94,3 al 95,2 %) de identidad con las secuencias de DsMV aislado de Zantedeschia sp.. Esto confirma la identidad del virus detectado en esta investigación, según los criterios de demarcación de especies del 8vo Reporte del ICTV para Potyvirus (homología mayor al 80% de aminoácidos de la CP). También se observó alta identidad (81,4 al 94,5%) con 3 secuencias publicadas del Vanilla mosaic virus (VanMV), &nbsp;y una secuencia (81,1%) del Spathiphyllum potyvirus, especies tentativas dentro del genero Potyvirus. Esto podría estar indicando que las secuencias publicadas como VanMV y Spathiphyllum potyvirus podrían tratarse del mismo virus. Del análisis filogenético de 29 secuencias de aa de CP comparadas fueron detectados dos grupos, o clústers, separados por un alto valor de ?boostrap? (98,1%). Los agrupamientos observados revelaron diferencias dentro del DsMV que probablemente permitan separar cepas o variantes del virus, lo que &nbsp;debería ser estudiado en el futuro.                &nbsp;&nbsp;            ","palabras_clave":"ARACEAS|ZANTEDESCHIA|VIRUS|DsMV"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2269,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Serotonin depresses feeding behaviour in ants","resumen":"Feeding behaviour is a complex functional system that relies on external signals and the physiological state of the animal. This is also the case in ants as they vary their feeding behaviour according to food characteristics, environmental conditions and \u2013 as they are social  nsects \u2013 to the colony\u2019s requirements. The biogenic amine serotonin (5-HT) was shown to be involved in the control and modulation of many actions and processes related to feeding in both vertebrates and  Invertebrates. In this study, we investi-gated whether 5-HT affects nectar feeding in ants by analysing its effect on the sucking-pump activity. Furthermore, we studied 5-HT association with tissues and neuronal ganglia involved in feeding regula-tion. Our results show that 5-HT promotes a dose-dependent depression of sucrose feeding in Camponotus musants. Orally administered 5-HT diminished the intake rate by mainly decreasing the volumeof solution taken per pump contraction, without modifying the sucrose acceptance threshold. Immuno-histochemical studies all along the alimentary canal revealed 5-HT-like immunoreactive processes on theforegut (oesophagus, crop and proventriculus), while the midgut and hindgut lacked 5-HT innervation. Although the frontal and suboesophageal ganglia contained 5-HT immunoreactive cell bodies, serotonergic innervation in the sucking-pump muscles was absent. The results are discussed in the frame of a role of 5-HT in feeding control in ants.","palabras_clave":"NECTAR FEEDING|ANTS|SUCKING PUMP|ALIMENTARY CANAL|FRONTAL GANGLION|SUBOESOPHAGEAL GANGLION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2270,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Regional Climate Variability Impacts on the Annual Grape Yield in Mendoza, Argentina","resumen":"The Mendoza Province is the major Argentinian vitivinicultural region and its grape production is fundamental for the national vintage. 1979-2009 climate-annual grape yield relationships are analyzed. Total grape yield is shown to depend significantly on regional ´summer´ (October through March) precipitation. Precipitation negatively impacts yields through plant disease and damage\/destruction by hail. At interannual scales, ´summer´ regional precipitation variability can explains 25% of the yield variance. Summer precipitation modulates yield with a 6-8 years period: wet (dry)  summers can be associated with larger (smaller) grape damage\/loss probability during the summer preceding the vintage, as well as lower (higher) grape yields in the subsequent annual campaign due to bud damage. When monthly mean precipitation in Mendoza Observatory is considered wetter Novembers\/Decembers can lead to lower yields. Hail during the summer of the previous harvest and during December could lower yields. Winter, late spring and early summer mean maximum temperatures can impact current and subsequent annual yields: warmer (colder) months are linked to enhanced (decreased) yields. These relationships can be associated with circulation and SST conditions in the equatorial and extratropical Pacific basin and southern South America: SSTs within the southeastern South Pacific are related to western equatorial Pacific SSTs and convection, which modify circulation and water vapor  transport over southern South America. Statistical multilinear modeling shows that the observed relationships between yield, precipitation and temperature can explain at least 60% of the observed interannual yield variability. It is thus possible to quantitatively estimate, some months in advance, the upcoming vintage´s yield.","palabras_clave":"Climate impacts|Grape Yield|Mendoza|Climate variability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2271,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"From trisections in module  categories to quasi-directed components","resumen":"Abstract. In this paper, we de&#64257;ne and study a special type of trisections in a module category, namely the compact trisections which characterise quasidirected components. We apply this notion to the study of laura algebras and we use it to de&#64257;ne a class of algebras with predictable Auslander-Reiten components.","palabras_clave":"Categorias de Modulo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2272,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Towards safe and stable time-delayed mobile robot teleoperation through sampling-based path planning","resumen":"This work proposes a teleoperation architecture for mobile robots in partially unknown environments under the presence of variable time delay. The system is provided with artificial intelligence represented by a probabilistic path planner that, in combination with a prediction module, assists the operator while guaranteeing a collision-free motion. For this purpose, a certain level of autonomy is given to the system. The structure was tested in indoor environments for different kinds of operators. A maximal time delay of 2 seconds was successfully coped with.","palabras_clave":"TELEOPERATION|MOBILE ROBOTS|DELAY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2274,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Trabajar el barrio: la acción callejera como intervención cultural","resumen":"VACIO","palabras_clave":"VACIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2275,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quantifying use-wear traces through RIMAPS and Variogram Analyses","resumen":"The aim of this paper is to present the resultsobtained through the application of two imaging methodsnamed rotated image with maximum average power spectrum(RIMAPS) and Variograms to mathematically characterizedistinct patterns of worked materials on used edges oflithic artifacts. Both analytical procedures were performedon digitized images taken with an electronic microscope,allowing for the quantitative description of a given surfaceand revealing its topographic patterns. The preliminary researchconducted on a sample of experimental lithic artifactsused to process different materials has shown promising results to the extent that fingerprints of different work processes(hide, bone, and wood-working) can be drawn.","palabras_clave":"USE-WEAR|RIMAPS|VARIOGRAMS|LITHIC TECHNOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2276,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Deformation and shell effects in nuclear mass formulas","resumen":"  We analyze the ability of three different Liquid Drop Mass (LDM) formulas to describe nuclear masses for nuclei in various deformation regions. Separating the 2149 measured nuclear species into eight sets with similar quadrupole deformations, we show that the masses of prolate deformed nuclei are better described than those of spherical ones. In fact, the prolate deformed nuclei are fitted with an RMS smaller than 750 keV, while for spherical and semi-magic species the RMS is always larger than 2000 keV. These results are found to be independent of pairing.  It is also shown that the macroscopic sector of the Duflo\u2013Zuker (DZ) mass model reproduces shell effects, while most of the deformation dependence is lost and the RMS is larger than in any LDM. Adding to the LDM the microscopically motivated DZ master terms introduces the shell effects, allowing for a significant reduction in the RMS of the fit but still exhibiting a better description of prolate deformed nuclei. The inclusion of shell effects following the Interacting Boson Model\u2019s ideas produces similar results.","palabras_clave":"NUCLEAR MASSES|DUFLO-ZUKER|DEFORMATION|SHELL EFFECTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2277,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemical profiles of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) peel oils of different cultivars of Argentina","resumen":"Peel and leaf oils of three lime populations, belonging to the Citrus limonia  species were obtained from fruits collected on lime trees submitted to the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions. Their chemical composition was investigated by capillary GC, GC-MS and chiral MDGC and the results were submitted to a cluster analysis. Results reported for Rangpur lime from named Rangpur Jaune, Rangpur Intermediaire and Rangpur Rouge, were also included for comparison purposes.","palabras_clave":"Citrus limonia|Essential oil|Chemical profile|Bromatology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2278,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Development of Psychological Assessment in Argentina: Past, Present and Future","resumen":"The development of psychological assessment methods in Argentina should be viewed within the context of the country?s social and political history. Test use displayed a growth spurt during the 1940s. Some examples follow. Horacio Rimoldi began his graduate work at Oxford University under Professor Stephenson, a Spearman disciple and returned to the Argentinean province of Mendoza to establish an experimental psychology laboratory that focused on individual differences. In 1943, he adapted the Raven?s Progressive Matrices (Oiberman, 2002). The availability of the Ravens allowed psychologists to examine cognitive abilities and not maintain their focus only on psychophysics measures. In 1946 Rimoldi studied with L.L. Thurnstone in USA and in 1949 obtained his PhD from the University of Chicago. His greatest contribution was the introduction of psychometrics in Argentina. During this period the University of Buenos Aires?s Vocational Counseling Department was founded by Nuria Cortada de Kohan, Nicolás Tavella and Jaime Bernstein. Thurnstone?s Primary Mental Abilities Test and the Kuder General Interest Survey were adapted between 1945 and 1970 (Tavella & Cortada, 1960). During the 1970s and the 1980s psychoanalysis was the dominant theory in Argentina and led to the study of projective tests such as Rorschach Test, Object Relations Technique and Graphic Tests among others. During the last 20 years Argentinean psychologists have developed their own scales?not merely adapted them. Locally developed tests are especially important when assessing cultural factors, such as reading and writing achievement and other variables related to psychological aspects that are particularly characteristic of Argentina. Examples include the following tests:  Cuestionario de Intereses Profesionales [Questionnaire use in Vocational Counseling] (Fogliato, 1991), Escalas de Bienestar Psicológico para Adolescentes y Adultos [Psychological Well-Being Scales for Adolescents and Adults] (Casullo, 2001), Test de Lectura y Escritura en Español [Reading and Writing Test] (Defior, Citoler, Fonseca, & Gottheil, 2006) and Test Procalculo [Number Processing Test] (Feld, Taussik, & Azzareto, 2006). Test development and use in Argentina also have some limitations. For example, many current tests need either to be developed or updated. While there are many psychological tests adapted for research purposes, few have been published. Tests should be classified according to the qualifications needed to administer, score and interpret them. Several tests widely used in other countries need to be adapted for use in Argentina. Professionals not legally authorized to use tests for psychological assessment may do so without being punished. Some tests that have been adapted in Spain are used without proper adaptation in Argentina   Thus, despite its improvements, considerable work remains to be done on basic issues in order to improve psychological assessment in Argentina. One main task is to inform the psychological community about the importance of properly using psychological tests, including the following three issues. What qualifications are needed to administer and interpret a test? What are the desired characteristics of a psychological test? What ethical issues need to be considered? Successful efforts that address these issues will further strengthen test development and use in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|psychological |assessment|development"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2279,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ethane\/Ethylene adsorption on Carbon Nanotubes: temperature and size effect on separation capacity","resumen":"We present the results of Monte Carlo simulations of the adsorption of single-componentethane and ethylene and of equimolar mixtures of these two gases on bundles of closed, single-walled carbon nanotubes. Two types of nanotube bundles were used in the simulations: homogeneous (i.e., those in which all the nanotubes have identical diameters) and heterogeneous (those in which nanotubes of different diameters are allowed). We found that at the same pressure and temperature more ethane than ethylene adsorbs on the bundles over the entire range of pressures and temperatures explored. The simulation results for the equimolar mixtures show that the pressure at which maximum separation is attained is a very sensitive function of the diameter of the nanotubes present in the bundles. Simulations using heterogeneous bundles yield better agreement with single-component experimental data for isotherms and isosteric heats than those obtained from simulations using homogeneous bundles. Possible applications of nanotubes to gas separation are discussed. We explored the effect of the diameter of the nanotubes on the separation ability of these sorbents, both for the internal as well as for the external sites. We found that substrate selectivity is a decreasing function of temperature. ","palabras_clave":"Adsorption|Monte Carlo Simulations|Carbon Nanotubes|Gas-Solid Equilibrium"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2280,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CO2 emissions from a municipal site for final disposal of solid  waste in Gualeguaychu, Entre Rios Province, Argentina","resumen":"This paper estimates CO2 fluxes in a municipal  site for final disposal of solid waste, located in Gualeguaychu,  Argentina. Estimations were made using the accumulation  chamber methods, which had been calibrated  previously in laboratory. CO2 fluxes ranged from 31 to  331 g m-2 day-1. Three different populations were  identified: background soil gases averaging 46 g m-2 day-1,  intermediate anomalous values averaging 110 g m-2 day-1  and high anomalous values averaging 270 g m-2  day-1. Gas samples to a depth of 20 cmwere also taken. Gas  fractions, XCO2 less than 0.1,  XCH4 less than 0.01, XN2  similar to 0.71 and  XO2  similar to 0.21, d13C of CO2 (-34 to -18%), as well as age of  waste emplacement, suggest that the study site may be at the  final stage of aerobic biodegradation. In a first approach, and  following the downstream direction of groundwater flow,  alkalinity and d13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (-15 to  4%) were observed to increase when groundwater passed  through the disposal site. This suggests that the CO2 generated  by waste biodegradation dissolves or that dissolved  organic matter appears as a result of leachate degradation.","palabras_clave":"CO2 FLUXES|SOLID WASTE|CARBON ISOTOPES|DIC GROUNDWATER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2283,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunomodulatory and protective effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei against Candida albicans infection in malnourished mice","resumen":"The effect of Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 (Lc), when administered as a supplement to a repletion diet, on the resistance of malnourished mice to Candida albicans infection was studied. Weaned mice were malnourished by being given a protein-free diet (PFD) for 21 days. The malnourished mice were thenfed a balanced conventional diet (BCD) for 7 days or BCD for 7 days with supplemental Lc on days6 and 7 (BCD+Lc). Malnourished (MNC) and well-nourished (WNC) mice were used as controls. At the end of the treatments the mice were infected intraperitoneally with C. albicans. Animals that had received probiotics had improved survival and resistance against this infection compared to those in theBCD and MNC groups. The number and fungicidal activity of phagocytes, and the concentrations oftumor necrosis factor-!, interferon-' and interleukin-6 (IL-6), increased in blood and infected tissues in all experimental groups, but MNC mice showed lower concentrations than those in the WNC group.BCD and BCD+Lc mice showed higher concentrations of these variables than those in the MNC group, but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.in all experimental groups, but MNC mice showed lower concentrations than those in the WNC group.BCD and BCD+Lc mice showed higher concentrations of these variables than those in the MNC group, but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.received probiotics had improved survival and resistance against this infection compared to those in theBCD and MNC groups. The number and fungicidal activity of phagocytes, and the concentrations oftumor necrosis factor-!, interferon-' and interleukin-6 (IL-6), increased in blood and infected tissues in all experimental groups, but MNC mice showed lower concentrations than those in the WNC group.BCD and BCD+Lc mice showed higher concentrations of these variables than those in the MNC group, but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.in all experimental groups, but MNC mice showed lower concentrations than those in the WNC group.BCD and BCD+Lc mice showed higher concentrations of these variables than those in the MNC group, but only the BCD+Lc group presented values similar to the WNC mice. Malnutrition also impaired the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.the production of IL-17 and IL-10 in response to infection. Both repletion treatments normalized IL-17concentrations, but IL-10 in theBCD+Lc groupwas significantly higher than inWNCmice. The addition of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.of L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.L. casei to the repletion diet normalized the immune response against C. albicans, allowing efficient recruitment and activation of phagocytes, as well as effective release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inaddition, probiotic treatment induced an increase in IL-10 concentrations, which would have helped toprevent damage caused by the inflammatory response.but only the BCD+Lc group presented values simi","palabras_clave":"CANDIDA ALBICANS|LACTOBACILLUS CASEI|MALNUTRITION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2284,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Desarrollo de hinchazón tardía en queso Reggianito Argentino empleando diferentes medidas preventivas combinadas.","resumen":"En quesos tipo Reggianito Argentino los fenómenos de hinchazón por clostridios gasógenos ocasionan graves pérdidas económicas. Se determinó la fuente de contaminación de estos microorganismos en leche cruda y fermento de suero y se aplicaron medidas preventivas como agregado de lisozima (25 ppm) y dos temperaturas de maduración (8 y 16°C). Se comprobó la presencia de este grupo solo en leche cruda. La efectividad del agregado de lisozima se relacionó con la concentración de esporos de clostridios gasógenos y solo fue totalmente efectiva con valores &#8804;3.600esporos\/l. La disminución de la temperatura (8°C)modificó significativamente las características organolépticas del producto.","palabras_clave":"LISOZIMA|HINCHAZÓN TARDÍA|QUESO REGGIANITO ARGENTINO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2285,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Bruno Zevi y la semilla del espacio orgánico","resumen":"Si bien ya han sido expuestos en numerosas oportunidades los lineamientos básicos de la historiografía de Bruno Zevi, entre sus aportes más significativos podemos mencionar brevemente la instalación de una postura crítica respecto del quehacer histórico y su énfasis en la necesidad de una lectura espacial. En esta oportunidad nos interesa ahondar en un aspecto poco trabajado de esa mirada, el cual entendemos reviste un rol determinante en la fundación de su arquitectura orgánica: la instauración del grupo De Stijl como puerta de entrada de la espacialidad moderna a Europa. Al establecer el quiebre en el espacio americano y localizar allí el ?germen de lo moderno?, Zevi utiliza al grupo holandés como nexo con el desarrollo de una espacialidad-temporizada (Schmarsow - Boman) surgida en la obra de Wright,&nbsp; y como comienzo de la ruptura con la caja cúbica europea. Este planteo que se ubica en una fuerte discusión teórica con Giedion, también estimulará, en direcciones disímiles, las indagaciones de autores como Banham, Benévolo y Argan. El rastreo de este camino aporta las claves de aquella lectura crítica que por primera vez en la historiografía de la arquitectura moderna trabaja sobre un material propiamente arquitectónico ?el espacio-, distanciándose de las preeminentes lecturas formales- figurativas.","palabras_clave":"ESPACIO|ARQUITECTURA MODERNA|HISTORIOGRAFÍA|BRUNO ZEVI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2286,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efficiency of 2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone for the Photopolymerization of Methacrylate Monomers in Thick Sections","resumen":"The efficiency of 2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) for the photopolymerization of methacrylate monomers in thick sections was assessed. DMPA is an efficient photoinitiator for thick sections (¡Ö2 mm) because a fast reaction and high conversions are obtained with concentrations as low as 0.25 wt% DMPA. The polymerization rate increased when the DMPA content increased from 0.125 wt% to 0.25 wt%. However, the conversion versus irradiation time profiles in resins containing 0.25 wt% or 0.5 wt% DMPA were similar. This is attributed to the screening effect caused by excessive levels of DMPA. In addition, the consumption of DMPA under UV irradiation was accompanied by the appearance of light absorbing photoproducts. Because the absorbing species nearest to the light source absorb part of it, the light fails to reach the deeper layers of the sample. The overall effect of light screening is a reduced photoinitiation rate and double bond conversion along the irradiation path. This effect was compensated by the use of irradiation sources of higher intensity; which increased the initiation rate by increasing the production of primary radicals. DMPA is colorless and it does not require the presence of amine as coinitiator. These properties make DMPA attractive as photoinitiator of dental composites.","palabras_clave":"photopolymerization|dental polymers|methacrylates|2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2287,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Porcine oviduct sperm binding glycoprotein and its deleterious effect on sperm: a mechanism for negative selection of sperm?","resumen":"    In their journey through the oviduct  some subpopulations of sperm are preserved in a reservoir, while others are  negatively selected. Sperm binding glycoprotein (SBG)  is a pig oviductal epithelial cell glycoprotein that produces, under capacitating  conditions, acrosome alteration, p97 tyrosine-phosphorylation and reduction of  the motility of sperm. In this paper, we show that SBG is accessible at the  extracellular surface of the oviductal epithelial cells, supporting a sperm  interaction biological role in situ.  We analyze the possible dependence of the tyrosine-phosphorylation of p97 on  the PKA mechanism, finding that apparently it is not PKA dependent. Also, that after  SBG treatment the phosphorylated proteins locate mainly at the detached periacrosomal  region and at the tail of sperm; the last may be related to SBG´s motility  reduction effect. The study of the time course effect of SBG on sperm as  detected by chlortetracycline (CTC)  staining and of its binding to sperm by immunodetection in conjunction with CTC,  shows results in agreement with the hypothesis that this glycoprotein is  involved in the alteration of acrosomes in a specific sperm subpopulation. The  results suggest that SBG may be part of a mechanism for negative selection of  sperm.  ","palabras_clave":"acrosome | alteration| tyrosine-phosphorylation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2288,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Frontal operators in weak Heyting algebras","resumen":"In this paper we shall introduce the variety FWHA of frontal weak Heyting algebras as a generalization of the frontal Heyting algebras introduced by Leo Esakia in [2]. A frontal operator in a weak Heyting algebra A is an expansive operator f preserving finite meets which also satisfies the equation f(a) leq b v (b ---> a). These operators were studied from an algebraic, logical and topological point of view by Leo Esakia in [2]. We will study frontal operators in weak Heyting algebras and we will consider two examples of them. We will give a Priestley duality for the category of frontal weak Heyting algebras in terms of relational spaces (X, leq, ,T,R) where (X, leq,T) is a WH-space [1], and R is an additional binary relation used to interpret the modal operator. We will also study the WH -algebras with successor and the WH-algebras with gamma. For these varieties we will give two topological dualities. The first one is based on the representation given for the frontal weak Heyting algebras. The second one is based on certain particular classes of  WH-spaces.  References  [1] Celani, S. A. and R. Jansana, Bounded distributive lattices with strict implication, Mathematical Logic Quarterly 51: 219-246, 2005.[2] Esakia , L. The modalized Heyting calculus: a conservative modal extension of the Intuitionistic Logic, Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics, 16 (No.3-4): 349-366, 2006.","palabras_clave":"FRONTAL|WEAK|HEYTING|ALGEBRAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2289,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Distribution of polymorphisms in CYP2B6, HCP5, CCR5 and IL28B genes in people from Central area of Argentina.","resumen":"Peer ReviewGalván et al.2AbstractPersonalized treatment of several diseases requires knowledge of the sick genetic profile. Ininfectious diseases, the effectiveness of patient\u2019s treatment will depend on the presence ofpolymorphisms in genes involved in drug metabolism, specific histocompatibility complex andreceptors variants. In Argentina, little is known about the genetic profile of our population,assuming that it is similar to those found in Spain and Italy, due to the large immigration flowreceived from both countries. In this paper, we present the frequencies found for somepolymorphisms in CYP2B6, HCP5, CCR5 and IL28B genes involved in the effectiveness oftreatment with drugs used for AIDS and hepatitis C infection. This work was conduced in apopulation from the central area of Argentina. This population shows similar allelic frequenciesfor CYP2B6, HCP5, CCR5 and IL28B genes compared with other Caucasian populations. Theimportant percentage of subjects with CYP2B6 (516T) and IL28B (12007005T) alleles,suggests the realization of pharmacogenetic testing prior to start the treatment, to avoidtoxicity and lack of response, respectively","palabras_clave":"Genetic Testing|Molecular Diagnosis|Population Screening"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2290,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Implicancias de la re-significación de la espacialidad en las categorías de análisis geográfico. La revalorización del territorio como constructo social","resumen":"El trabajo se propone aportar a la reflexión acerca del impacto de la re-significación de la espacialidad en las categorías de análisis geográfico, con particular énfasis en la del territorio y la territorialidad.&nbsp; Para ello se examina en primer lugar, el creciente eclecticismo del ?espacio geográfico? en las distintas corrientes de pensamiento coexistentes en la disciplina geográfica que puede ser calificada de ?multiparadigmática?. Luego se reflexiona sobre el efecto del redimensionamiento de las principales categorías analíticas, poniendo particular atención en la revalorización del territorio como construcción humana. Se &nbsp;aporta un ejemplo de esta categoría analítica de fundamental importancia para la Geografía examinando la compleja convivencia de territorialidades que genera el usufructo económico en espacios compartidos por actores con distintas lógicas de aprovechamiento de los recursos. ","palabras_clave":"territorio|territorialidad|pensamiento|geográfico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2292,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio del catalizador K\/Al2O3 operando en forma de suspensión y agitador monolitico en la transesterificación de triglicéridos","resumen":"En este trabajo se preparó y caracterizó el catalizador K\/Al2O3 y el correspondiente catalizador monolito. Las muestras fueron estudiadas en la transesterificación de aceite de soja con metanol a 60 °C, con una relación molar alcohol:aceite = 30, y una carga de catalizador de 1% para estudios de catalizadores en polvo y de 0,5% en el caso del monolito. El catalizador en polvo reportó un rendimiento de FAME (ésteres metílicos deácidos grasos) de 73,0 y 64,0% para el primer y segundo uso respectivamente, luego de 5 hs de reacción.Comparando la muestra monolítica con el catalizador en polvo (en iguales condiciones de reacción), el rendimiento de FAME fue del 58,0% y 60,5% respectivamente. Los ensayos de lixiviación indicaron que el K se pierde en los dos primeros ensayos, permaneciendo estable durante tres ensayos más. Se deduce que las especies homogéneas generadas durante la reacción tuvieron un rol importante en la actividad.","palabras_clave":"TRANSESTERIFICATION|MONOLITH|HETEROGENEOUAS CATALYSIS|POTASSIUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2293,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stem and leaf anatomy of six species of Verbena native to Buenos Aires province, Argentina.","resumen":"There are 21 species of Verbena L. in Argentina, six ofwhich are found in the Buenos Aires province: Verbena gracilescens (Cham.) Verter; V. bonariensis L.; V. intermedia Gillies and Hook; V. litoralis Kunth; V. montevidensis Spreng. and V. rigida Spreng. These species are usedin popular medicine for their hepatoprotective, digestive, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal and healing properties. The stems and leaves ofthese species were fixed and transverse sections were cut for observation with a light microscope in order to differentiate their anatomical features. Likewise a scanning electron microscope and an environmental scanning electron microscope were used to study the leafsurf ace ofthese species. The type and density ofstomata andglandular and nonglandular trichomes were analysed in all species, as well as the internal structure ofthe leafand stem. The Verbena species ofBuenos Aires province have been characterized using these features to help in their identification.","palabras_clave":"Verbena|anatomía|tallo|hoja"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2294,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"THE IMPACT OF SEED DISPERSAL BY BLACK AND GOLD HOWLER MONKEYS ON FOREST REGENERATION","resumen":"In Neotropical humid forest the majority of trees species have seeds dispersed by vertebrates. Seed deposition by vertebrates is often spatially aggregated and a low per capita survival for seeds and seedlings is predicted. However, mortality factors could be saturated by high densites. I evaluated whether recruitment of saplings of species dispersed by black and gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) in latrines is higher than at control sites: (1) below parent trees, (2) in trees not used by monkeys to sleep, (3) randomly chosen sites within the forest, and determined whether howlers may influence current floristic composition of the Paraná River flooded forest. I recorded saplings several years old in the territories of five monkey groups. In total, I found four times more saplings in latrines than in the other areas, results suggest that latrines being recruitment foci for the majority of species but larger samples are required to confirm this. Frequency distribution of the diameter of tallest saplings of more abundant species reflected recruitment over time. I found saplings of more species growing in latrines than outside of them. Saplings higher than 1 meter of two species of laurels (Ocotea diopyrifolia and Nectandra megapotamica) and one species of Myrtaceae (Eugenia punicifolia) had higher densities in latrines than below parent trees. Results suggest that mortality factors were saturated in latrines and that sapling could be had a high growth rate in latrines. In relation to the influence on floristic composition E. burkartiana, an uncommon species in the forest, could increase in abundance as consequence of seed dispersal by howlers.                  ","palabras_clave":"Argentina|Eugenia punicifolia|flooded forest|Ocotea diospyrifolia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2296,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemical modifications of algal mannans and xylomannans: effects on antiviral activity","resumen":"The structures of two sulfated xylomannans extracted from the red alga Nemalion helminthoides were determined. These two fractions plus a sulfated mannan, isolated from the same alga and whose structure was previously reported, were subjected to chemical modification. The mannan was oversulfated with SO3-pyridine in dimethyl sulfoxide at 60 °C during two and three hours and the xylomannans were subjected to Smith degradation in order to eliminate xylose side-chains. Structural analysis of all derivatives was carried out by methylation analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and Dengue virus type 2 of native and modified mannans and xylomannans was estimated. Anticoagulant effect of the active fractions was also determined. ","palabras_clave":"NEMALION HELMINTHOIDES|NEMALIALES|SULFATED MANNANS|SULFATED XYLOMANNANS|OVERSULFATION OF MANNANS|SMITH DEGRADATION OF SULFATED XYLOMANNANS|ANTIHERPETIC ACTIVITY|ANTICOAGULANT ACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2297,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Global Precipitation Measurment: Methods, Datasets and Applications. Atmospheric Research","resumen":"This paper explores the many aspects of precipitation measurement that are relevant to providing an accurate global assessment of this important environmental parameter. Methodsdiscussed include ground data, satellite estimates and numerical models. First, the methodsfor measuring, estimating, and modeling precipitation are discussed. Then, the most relevantdatasets gathering precipitation information from those three sources are presented. Thethird part of the paper illustrates a number of the many applications of those measurementsand databases, namely hydropower, data assimilation and validation of Regional ClimateModels (RCM). The aim of the paper is to organize the many links and feedbacks between precipitation measurement, estimation and modeling, indicating the uncertainties and limitations of each technique in order to identify areas requiring further attention, and to show the limits within which datasets can be used. Special emphasis is put on the central role of the upcoming Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission in precipitation science.","palabras_clave":"sistema global de observacion de la precipitacion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2298,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Taxonomic revision of the genus Hadropus Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with comments on infraspecific variation","resumen":"Hadropus Schoenherr, 1826 is a monotypic genus of Naupactini (Curculionidae: Entiminae), ranging in Brazil and Paraguay. It is easily recognized by the nebulose pattern of the elytral vestiture, the presence of very short rostrum and humped elytra with strongly bisinuate anterior margin. The morphological characters of the rostrum, antennae, legs, elytra and female genitalia relate Hadropus to Ericydeus. Hadropus albiceris (Germar) shows variation in body size, morphometrics of the pronotum and color of the scaly vestiture, that allows distinguishing two basic morphotypes. This paper includes descriptions of the genus and its single species, habitus photographs, line drawings of genitalia, and a map of distribution.","palabras_clave":"systematics|weevils|Naupactini|Entiminae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2299,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"\u201CDielectric behaviour of Hf-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics obtained by conventional synthesis and reactive sintering\u201D.","resumen":"CaCu3(Ti4&#8722;xHfx)O12 ceramics (x = 0.04, 0.1 and 0.2) were prepared by conventional synthesis (CS) and through reactive sintering (RS), in which  synthesis and sintering of the material take place in one single step. The microstructure and the dielectric properties of Hf-doped CCTO (CCTOHf)  have been studied by XRD, FE-SEM, AFM, Raman and impedance spectroscopy (IS) in order to correlate the structure, microstructure and the  electrical properties. Samples prepared by reactive sintering show slightly higher dielectric constant than those prepared by conventional synthesis  in the same way than the pure CCTO. Dielectric constant and dielectric losses decrease slightly increasing Hf content. For CCTOHf ceramics  with x > 0.04 for CS and x > 0.1 for RS, a secondary phase HfTiO4 appears. As expected, the reactive sintering processing method allows a higher  incorporation of Hf in the CCTO lattice than the conventional synthesis one.  © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"CaCu3Ti4O12|Reactive sintering|Dielectric properties"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2300,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Magnetorresistencia en paredes de dominio de nanohilos magnéticos: Posible rol de las oscilaciones de Rabi en presencia de decoherencia","resumen":"Una pared de dominio es la región donde una magnetización alineada con la dirección z rota entre sus dos posiblesorientaciones. En consecuencia, los electrones conductores experimentan, durante su tránsito, un cruce de susenergías de interacción Zeeman representada en la dirección z. A su vez aparece un acoplamiento que permite larotación de su proyección de espín. Esta última depende de las contribuciones de los campos dipolares al campomagnético local. Mientras los electrones atraviesan la pared se producen condiciones similares a la dinámica de uncruce evitado denominada problema de Landau-Zener (LZ). Al analizar el transporte electrónico encontramostransiciones descriptas por la ley de LZ y, en los casos no adiabáticos, observamos un comportamiento no trivialidentificable con oscilaciones de tipo Rabi entre los estados degenerados. Este comportamiento entra en competenciacon los efectos decoherentes que se incluyen mediante el modelo D?Amato-Pastawski. Este muestra cómo sedisminuye el contraste de estas interferencias. Se discuten estos resultados en el contexto de la magnetoresistencia delos nanohilos magnéticos.","palabras_clave":"Magnetorresistencia|paredes de dominio|oscilaciones de Rabi|decoherencia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2301,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La desigualdad dinámica: una indagación sobre las probabilidades y los canales de ascenso social en una localidad periférica del Gran Buenos Aires","resumen":"Desde el año 2003 Argentina ingresó a una fase expansiva de la actividad económica, caracterizada por una recuperación de la demanda agregada de empleo y de los indicadores sociales en general. En el marco de dicho contexto, se torna relevante la exploración de las características que asumen los procesos de movilidad social inter generacional en una localidad periférica del Gran Buenos Aires, debido a que dicha exploración permite aportar elementos a un análisis dinámico sobre la desigualdad social.Este artículo tiene como objetivo indagar en las tendencias de movilidad social en un territorio periférico del Gran Buenos Aires, utilizando para ello un diseño cuantitativo. Complementariamente, se examina el peso de los factores que inciden en las probabilidades de ascender socialmente, considerando para ellos factores adquiridos, factores heredados y factores demográficos.","palabras_clave":"movilidad social |desigualdad social |herencia |logro"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2302,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationship between oil tocopherol concentration and oil weight per grain in several crop species","resumen":"The objectives of this work were (i) to analyse the effect of intercepted solar radiation (ISR) per plant during grainfilling on oil tocopherol concentration in soybean, maize and rape and (ii) to investigate in these species if variations in oiltocopherol concentration are well accounted for by variations in oil weight per grain. Field experiments were conducted withgenotypes of soybean, maize and rape.Agenotype of sunflower was included as ?control species? as its behaviour was knownfrom previous works. ISR was modified during grain filling by shading or thinning plants. Plants were harvested atphysiological maturity and oil tocopherol concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Samples from other field or growth chamber experiments were also processed. In the four species, increasing radiationincreased the oil and tocopherol weight per grain. Increasing ISR reduced oil tocopherol concentration in sunflower, soybeanand rape but not in maize. The oil tocopherol concentration would be reduced by ISR in those species, with high oil contents intheir grains, where the oil synthesis is more increased than tocopherol synthesis. The variations in oil tocopherolconcentration were accounted for by variations in oil weight per grain only in those species with high and variable oilconcentration.","palabras_clave":"grain filling|intercepted solar radiation|maize|rape|sunflower|soybean"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2304,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estrategias de la anchoíta en un mar de tiburones. Las pymes conserveras marplatenses durante la valoración financiera (1975-2006)","resumen":"En los años 1970 Argentina se consolidó, casi en silencio, como un país pesquero, ligado al mercado exterior y con escasa o nula regulación estatal o privada de la biomasa extraída. La sobrepesca de una serie de especies (la merluza es la más destacada) puso en riesgo en pocas décadas la continuidad a corto plazo de esta actividad. Simultáneamente, pequeñas y medianas empresas, muchas de ellas de propiedad y gestión familiar y líderes del sector en las décadas anteriores a este período, supieron conciliar extracción, manufactura y mercados mediante la explotación de especies costeras entre las cuales se destaca la anchoíta (Engraulis anchoíta) la cual se extrae en una cuarta parte de su captura máxima sostenible. En una aproximación inicial, el presente trabajo aborda el circuito de esta especie, el cual implica extracción de materia prima por parte de la flota costera y fresquera -con nula intervención de congeladores y factorías- generando puestos de trabajo en tierra y obteniendo un producto que requiere distintos grados de elaboración y que es orientado fundamentalmente al mercado exterior. Consideramos que dos problemas históricos de la industria pesquera argentina, como son la extracción de merluza por sobre los máximos de sustentabilidad y las apócrifas cooperativas de trabajo, tienen en la explotación de este recurso una alternativa tanto por su sustentabilidad económica, como biológica y social                                                   ","palabras_clave":"Concentracion empresarial|Explotación de Anchoíta |Empresa familiar|Empresa cooperativa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2305,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"LASER DE ESTADO SOLIDO DE PULSOS CORTOS PARA TELEMETRIA","resumen":"La determinación de distancias por telemetría láser es una de las aplicaciones de mayor interés y de las primeras en que se utilizara  esta fuente de radiación. Uno de los procedimientos más frecuentemente utilizado, requiere del diseño de una cavidad que funcione en régimen pulsado, generando pulsos cortos adecuados para su empleo en técnicas de sensado remoto, en que la medición a realizar es el tiempo transcurrido entre el envío de la señal y el registro del eco producido por un objetivo elegido como 'blanco'. Por la rapidez en la determinación, el grado de colimación propio del láser y la condición de incerteza fija en todo el rango de medición, es el método más difundido, cuando es tolerable la incerteza característica del mismo.  Se presenta el desarrollado de un dispositivo apto para este tipo de aplicación, que funciona a partir de una fuente de radiación láser  de Nd:YAG bombeada por un diodo láser, y un detector de alta ganancia utilizado en la etapa de recepción de la señal de eco.  Modulando la corriente de alimentación del diodo láser, y empleando un componente óptico como absorbente saturable, es posible conseguir el funcionamiento en modo Q-switch. De esta forma se obtuvieron pulsos de 0,3 mJ de energía y 50 ns de duración a una frecuencia de repetición de 60 Hz.  El sistema completo se ensayó exitosamente para establecer la distancia hacia diferentes objetos lejanos, habiendo registrando un alcance máximo de 5280 m con precisión de unos pocos metros. El desempeño del equipo supera en varios aspectos a los resultados obtenidos en la primera etapa del proyecto(1). Y resulta promisorio en virtud de numerosas modificaciones que aún restan por completar, que redundarán en mejoras sustanciales.","palabras_clave":"TELEMETRÍA LÁSER|BATERIA DE DIODOS LÁSER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2306,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Un té de Pirelli'. Los sentidos de la violencia para la policía de la provincia de Buenos Aires.","resumen":"A través de un enfoque antropológico proponemos, en este trabajo, estudiar los significados que tienen las prácticas violentas para los policías de la provincia de Buenos Aires. El invariablemente enredado concepto de violencia tiene dos características que serán aquí el punto de partida para reflexionar sobre algunas prácticas violentas de las fuerzas policiales. El carácter relacional de la violencia, particularidad muchas veces olvidada al momento de estudiar los usos institucionales, es una de las dimensiones que proponemos retomar. Toda práctica violenta, incluida la policial, es una relación social que conecta, enlaza, a las partes según valores y sentidos. Estudiar estos valores y sentidos nos permite comprender los significados que tienen sus prácticas para los policías. Con este mismo objetivo analizaremos las formas en que los policías nutren de validez sus acciones para poder abordar la otra dimensión del concepto que nos atañe: la legitimidad.","palabras_clave":"POLICIA|VIOLENCIA|LEGITIMIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2307,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Environmental Stability During the Pleistocene- Holocene Transition in Northwestern Patagonia? The Small Mammals of Cueva Huenul 1 as Evidence","resumen":"No consigna.","palabras_clave":"MICROMAMMALS|TAPHONOMY|PALEOENVIRONMENTS| ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2308,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dense-sampling reveals a complex distributional pattern between the southernmost marsupials Lestodelphys and Thylamys in Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"Lestodelphys halli and Thylamys pallidior are southernmost  representatives of the Order Didelphimorphia. We analyzed  their southern distribution compiling locality records south  of 42ºS (Chubut and Santa Cruz provinces). We found 87  locality records for L. halli and 105 for T. pallidior. The  distribution of L. halli reaches the central plateaus of Santa  Cruz province but avoids the northeastern corner of the  Deseado Massif. We report the southernmost locality for this  species. The eastern and southern distribution of T. pallidior  follows the courses of major rivers and coastal areas and it  was not found at altitudes )700 m. Its southern distribution  is more reduced than in L. halli, not reaching latitudes south  of 46°S. We have recorded 20 localities of sympatry between  both taxa, all of them from owl pellet samples; however, we  have not found conclusive evidence of syntopy by trapping  at any site. Both marsupials have widespread distribution in  south-central Patagonia with two different histories: one, that  of L. halli, related to Patagonian steppes and the other one  linked to arid and semiarid lowlands represented by  T. pallidior.","palabras_clave":"DIDELPHIDAE|GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION|SLENDER MOUSE OPOSSUM|PATAGONIAN OPOSSUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2309,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Empresarios rurales y acción política en Argentina","resumen":"Este artículo analiza el papel del empresariado rural en la Argentina contemporánea, sector que evidencia importantes cambios. Se aborda la relación entre la reconfiguración de los perfiles empresariales y las transformaciones en sus identidades y formas organizativas, así como sus implicancias en términos de sus modalidades de presencia en la vida pública y política, demandas y formas de acción. Ello ocurre en un contexto que conjuga un fuerte crecimiento de la producción y las ganancias de estos grupos con un creciente posicionamiento de sus organizaciones y voceros en el escenario político, logrando en los últimos años ubicarse en lugares centrales del mismo y aglutinar a la oposición político ?partidaria. Tomaremos como caso de análisis el conflicto suscitado entre los productores agrarios y el gobierno de Cristina Kirchner durante 2008 por la política de derechos a las exportaciones (retenciones).","palabras_clave":"agricultura empresarial|identidades |conflicto agrario"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2311,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Decisiones de Consumo en Carnes: Una Aplicación de un Modelo Probit Multivariado","resumen":"Los gastos en los distintos tipos de carnes (vacuna, aviar, porcina, ovina y pescado) representan una proporción importante dentro del gasto total en alimentos consumidos en el hogar. A su vez,   distintas características económicas y demográficas de los hogares afectan sus decisiones de consumo de todos o algunos de ellos. Si éstas están relacionadas, mejores resultados pueden ser obtenidos mediante algún  la estimación  de modelos que consideren las interdependencias entre las decisiones de consumo. El objetivo del trabajo es cuantificar los efectos de algunos factores demográficos y socio-económicos de los hogares sobre sus decisiones de consumo de carnes, considerando las posibles interrelaciones existentes entre ellas.  El método de estimación empleado es un modelo Multivariado Probit, el cual  genera estimaciones más eficientes que si la estimación se realiza de manera separada ecuación por ecuación. Para ello se utilizan datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Gastos de Hogares 2004-05 para la provincia de Santa Fe. Los resultados muestran que algunos factores demográficos como la composición de los hogares y características del jefe de hogar y económicos como los ingresos totales de los hogares afectan las decisiones de consumo.","palabras_clave":"DECISIONES DE LOS HOGARES EN CARNE|PROBIT MULTIVARIADO|DATOS DESAGREGADOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2312,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pesticide risk assessment in flower greenhouses in Argentina: the importance of manipulating concentrated products","resumen":"An evaluation of the Potential Dermal Exposure of workers to endosulfan and procymidone at the mix\/load and application stages was done in small floricultural production units in Argentina. Seven experiments were performed with different operators under typical greenhouse conditions, based on the whole body dosimetry methodology. These results indicate that the mean Potential Dermal Exposure of the application step was 45.0±55.0mLh&#8722;1 with the highest proportion on torso, head, arms and hands. When the mix\/load and application stages were compared, the first was found to contribute themost to the total exposure. Also, the Margin of Safety for the different operations was calculated, and a pesticide surrogate was developed and used to make comparative evaluations of hand exposure for different groups of operators. These results emphasize the importance of the mix\/load stage in the exposure process.","palabras_clave":"ENDOSULFAN|PROCYMIDONE|POTENTIAL DERMAL EXPOSURE|FLORICULTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2313,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydrogen trapping in an API 5L X60 steel","resumen":"Electrochemical hydrogen permeation tests were performed on an API 5L X60 steel to study trapping and diffusion properties in the as-received (AR) and in a cold-rolled (CR) state, at 30, 50 and 70 C. Hydrogen trapping was characterized by assuming saturable traps in local equilibrium. Binding energies (DeltaG) and trap densities (N) were determined by fitting a trapping theoretical model to experimental data. Both conditions AR and CR present a high density of weak traps |DeltaG| < 35 kJ\/mol, namely N = 1.4  10^5 and 7.9  10^4 mol\/cm3 respectively. Strong trapping sites were detected (72 < DeltaG < 57 kJ\/mol) and their densities increased markedly after cold-rolling.","palabras_clave":"steel|hydrogen permeation|modelling studies|effects of strain"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2314,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El criterio de sostenibilidad en relación a la turistificación del territorio bajo la propuesta de una teoría del desarrollo endógeno","resumen":"Una multiplicidad de definiciones encierra la aplicación del criterio de sostenibilidad o sustentabilidad proveniente de las diferentes ciencias y de los diversos actores sociales, en tanto desde la explotación de recursos naturales se prioriza un tipo de desarrollo sustentable homologado a un desarrollo de tipo racional. A su vez. hay quienes hacen hincapié en la preservación de los recursos naturales y la limitación de la contaminación ambiental y dentro de esa complejidad existen aquellos que vinculan un desarrollo sostenible en términos biológicos y económicos a una sostenibilidad social, apelando a la equidad para satisfacer las necesidades de las generaciones presentes y futuras.Lo cierto es que resulta evidente que ya no alcanza con consideraciones sólo económicas, sino que también cuentan aspectos institucionales, culturales, incluso subjetivos en trono a la definición de desarrollo sostenible o sustentable (Madoery, 2008: 15).Ello representa un gran desafío para las ciencias sociales. Algunos autores (Castells y Mollenkopf, 1992;)sostienen que la teoría social moderna se ha concentrado tradicionalmente en los procesos sociales del cambio, modernización, revolución, descuidando la dimensión espacial y el rol territorial en tales procesos. En efecto, se asumía la existencia de algún orden espacial preexistente dentro del cual operaban los procesos temporales. Ese orden preexistente o la idea de seguir pensando el desarrollo como se ha propuesto, se combina y confluye en una turistificación del territorio que en el campo de la administración política implica el surgimiento de alternativas económicas adaptadas a los recursos organizativos y productivos de cada sociedad.Consideramos que la Teoría del Desarrollo Endógeno es una alternativa viable que equilibra la turistificación del territorio, ante la aplicación de la sostenibilidad del mismo.","palabras_clave":"DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE|TURISTIFICACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO|CONTROL CULTURAL|DESARROLLO ENDÓGENO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2316,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A novel hybrid promoter responsive to pathophysiological and pharmacological regulation","resumen":"The aim of this study was to construct a promoter containing DNA motifs   for an endogenous transcription factor associated with inflammation   along with motifs for pharmacological regulation factors. We demonstrate   in transfected cells that expression of a gene of interest is induced   by hypoxic conditions or through pharmacological induction, and also   show pharmacological repression. In vivo studies utilised   electroporation of plasmid to mouse paws, a delivery method shown to be   effective by bioluminescence imaging. For gene therapy, the promoter was   used to drive expression of IL-1Ra in a paw inflammation model with   therapeutic effect observed which was further enhanced when the promoter   was additionally induced with a pharmacological activator. One of the   most important observations from this study was that promoter induction   by hypoxia or inflammation could be prevented by the pharmacological   repressor in the absence of doxycycline. These studies demonstrate that   hybrid promoters enable pharmacological adjustment to the   pathophysiological level of gene expression and, importantly, that they   allow termination of gene expression even in the presence of   pathophysiological stimuli","palabras_clave":"TERAPIA GENICA|PROMOTORES|HIBRIDOS|AUTOINMUNES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2317,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Caracterización anatómica foliar de Lonchocarpus lilloi (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae)","resumen":"Resumen ? Fernández Dattoli, Laura F.; Loto, Dante E.; Flores, Jorge R.; Luque, CatalinaA.; Debes, Mario A.; Albornoz, Patricia L.; Arias, Marta E. 2011. ?Caracterizaciónanatómica foliar de Lonchocarpus lilloi (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae)?. Lilloa 48 (2). Lonchocarpuslilloi es un árbol endémico de Salta y Jujuy que habita entre 350 y 500 msnm. Mide de 10?30 m de altura, con hojas compuestas de 4 a 6 folíolos opuestos y un folíolo terminal. Elobjetivo fue estudiar la anatomía foliar de esta especie. Se utilizó material fresco coleccionadoen el Jardín Botánico de Fundación Miguel Lillo y en la Reserva Experimental Horco Molle yse aplicaron técnicas anatómicas convencionales. Los resultados mostraron que el folíolo esentero, simétrico, ovado y de venación pinnada. Estomas de distintos tipos: paracítico, hemiparacítico,anomocítico y anfiparacítico, en la epidermis abaxial; se observaron tricomas simplesy glandulares. Pecíolo subcircular con estomas actinocíticos y tricomas simples. Losdistintos tipos de estomas observados en la epidermis de lámina y pecíolo son caracteres nocitados antes para esta especie. Se observaron canales esquizógenos y cristales prismáticossolitarios en lámina y pecíolo. Los caracteres diagnósticos para la identificación foliar de L.lilloi son: pulvínulo, domacio, lámina hipostomática, tipos de estomas, tricomas, cristales,estelas, venación, canales esquizógenos, conductos secretores y tubos laticíferos articulados.Palabras claves: Anatomía, hoja, Lonchocarpus, Fabaceae.","palabras_clave":"Anatomía |Hoja|Lonchocarpus|Fabaceae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2318,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Self-esterification of Partially Maleated Castor Oil Using Conventional and Microwave Heating","resumen":"The self-esterification of partially maleated castor oil was studied using conventional and microwave heating. Reactions were followed by measuring the acid number and reaction products were characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR. A kinetic model, that fit the experimental data, was found. The reaction was non-catalytic, first-order with respect to hydroxyl-groups concentration and first-order with respect to acid-groups concentration. This reaction proceeded more quickly when microwaves were used and showed the presence of non-thermal effects of microwave heating, which were evidenced by the 10% decrease in the activation energy and the 182% increase in the pre-exponential factor.","palabras_clave":"Castor Oil|Maleic anhydride|Esterification|Microwave heatingv"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2319,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microcrustaceans escape behavior as an early bioindicator of copper, chromium and endosulfan toxicity","resumen":"The purpose of this work was to experimentally analyze the impact of copper, chromium and a commercial pesticide with endosulfan on the escape behavior of two copepods (Notodiaptomus conifer, Argyrodiaptomus falcifer) and three cladocerans (Daphnia magna, Pseudosida variabilis and Ceriodaphnia dubia). The experimental assays were carried out using a novel hydraulic devise designed to mimic three-speed predator capture behavior. Two concentrations, one ?high? and one ?low?, were employed and the exposure time was 15 (±5) minutes. With two exceptions, the species exposed to heavy metals manifested higher ability to escape than controls. Both concentrations of the pesticide reduced the escape ability of cladocerans but copepods responded, in general, in a similar manner as for heavy metals. The immediate aparent advantage of low and early toxic effects is discussed and the high sensitivity of the escape behavior suggests that it could be a complementary endpoit to be used in future ecotoxicological tests.","palabras_clave":"COPPER|CHROMIUM|BEHAVIOUR|EENDOSULFAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2320,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lift-and-project ranks of the set covering polytope of circulant matrices","resumen":"In this paper we analyze the behavior of the $N$ and $N_+$ operators (defined by Lovász and Schrijver) and the disjunctive operator due to Balas, Ceria and Cornuéjols, on the linear relaxation of the set covering polytope associated with circulant matrices $C_n^k$. We found that for the family of circulant matrices $C^k_{sk+1}$ the disjunctive rank coincides with the $N$- and $N_+$-rank at the value $k-1$.    This result provides bounds for lift-and-project ranks of most circulant matrices since $C^k_{sk+1}$ appears as a minor of almost all circulant matrices. According to these operators we define the strength of facets with respect to the linear relaxation of the set covering polytope and compare the results with a similar measure previously defined by Goemans. We identify facets of maximum strength although the complete description of the set covering polytope of circulant matrices is still unknown. Moreover, considering the matrices $C_{sk}^k$ with $sgeq k+1$, we found a family of facets of the corresponding set covering polyhedron, having maximum strength according to the disjunctive and the Goemans´ measures.","palabras_clave":"CIRCULANT MATRIX|LIFT-AND-PROJECT OPERATORS|STRENGTH OF FACETS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2322,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"PARTICIPACIÓN POLÍTICA DE LOS BOLIVIANOS EN BUENOS AIRES.  LAS ELECCIONES DE 2009 Y SUS PRECEDENTES","resumen":"El 6 de diciembre de 2009 miles de bolivianos que residen en Argentina, España, Brasil y Estados Unidos pudieron participar en las elecciones presidenciales de Bolivia por primera vez en la historia. Evo Morales se impuso en los resultados generales con un 64% de votantes, pero en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires obtuvo un respaldo aún mayor: el 92% lo eligió para que continuara ocupando la presidencia de Bolivia durante un segundo mandato. El presente artículo propone reconstruir los procesos que propiciaron el voto de los bolivianos desde Argentina, reflexionar acerca de esa jornada extraordinaria, y abrir la discusión sobre el transnacionalismo y los modos de participación política de los bolivianos en Buenos Aires. Asimismo, pretende plantear algunas cuestiones respecto de la metodología utilizada para registrar esas elecciones en el marco de investigaciones individuales y colectivas convergentes. Particularmente nos interesa pensar acerca de las potencialidades y limitaciones de la combinación de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas.","palabras_clave":"migración boliviana|Ciudad de Buenos Aires|participación política|voto desde el exterior"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2323,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Universal real-time PCR for the detection and quantification of adeno-associated virus serotype 2-derived inverted terminal repeat sequences.","resumen":"Viral vectors based on various naturally occurring adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes are among the most promising tools in human gene therapy. For the production of recombinant AAV (rAAV) vectors, researchers are focusing predominantly on cross-packaging an artificial AAV genome based on serotype 2 (AAV2) into capsids derived from other serotypes. Within the packaged genome the inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) are the only cis-acting viral elements required for rAAV vector generation and depict the lowest common denominator of all AAV2-derived vector genomes. Up to now, no quantitative PCR (qPCR) for the detection and quantification of AAV2 ITRs could be established because of their extensive secondary hairpin structure formation. Current qPCR-based methods are therefore targeting vector-encoded transgenes or regulatory elements. Herein we establish a molecular biological method that allows accurate and reproducible quantification of AAV2 genomes on the basis of an AAV2 ITR sequence-specific qPCR. Primers and labeled probe are located within the ITR sequence and have been designed to detect both wild-type AAV2 and AAV2-based vectors. This method is suitable for detecting single-stranded DNA derived from AAV2 vector particles and double-stranded DNA derived from vector plasmids. The limit of detection has been determined as 50 ITR sequence copies per reaction, by comparison with a plasmid standard. In conclusion, this method describes the first qPCR system facilitating the detection and quantification of AAV2 ITR sequences. Because this method can be used universally for all AAV2 genome-based vectors, it will significantly simplify rAAV2 vector titrations in the future.","palabras_clave":"GENE THERAPY|ADENO ASSOCIATED VIRUS|PCR DETECTION|INVERTED REPEATS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2324,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio de las configuraciones didácticas en la enseñanza de las artes en el nivel superior: aspectos metodológicos y categorías analíticas","resumen":"          En este trabajo nos proponemos dar  cuenta del estado de avance de la investigación en curso en la que participamos  como directora y codirector, respectivamente, titulada ?La enseñanza de las  artes en la   Formación Docente Inicial: estudio de las configuraciones  didácticas en las prácticas de enseñanza del Nivel Superior? y que se integra  en el Programa de Reconocimiento Institucional del IUNA.&nbsp; La base de ese  proyecto parte de diagnosticar que la producción de conocimientos en torno a la  enseñanza en el nivel superior constituye un objeto cuya exploración se  encuentra aún en curso en distintos campos disciplinares y, entre ellos, el que  nos ocupa: la enseñanza para la formación de docentes de artes. Entendiendo que  en la contemporaneidad esta vacancia colabora al eventual cuestionamiento de la  jerarquía de la enseñanza de los lenguajes artísticos frente a otros campos  disciplinares (con distintos efectos), es que hemos propuesto el desarrollo de  un estudio que se propone hacer visibles ?para su resignificación disciplinar y  social- las articulaciones que operan en los modos de enseñar esos lenguajes,  lo que esperamos posibilite reevaluar su singularidad respecto a la enseñanza  en otras áreas de conocimiento.           En esa dirección, el  estudio previsto avanza en la producción de aportes descriptivos que esperamos  colaboren a precisar las configuraciones didácticas en dicho dominio y, en  particular, en el de las unidades curriculares del área de la enseñanza de los  lenguajes artísticos. La descripción de tales configuraciones, ha sido  planteada metodológicamente como un desarrollo en colaboración (donde  investigadores y docentes cooperan mutuamente en tal proceso), de modo que la  tarea se abocará a la observación de categorías propias del análisis didáctico  actual sin descartar la eventual incorporación de otras significativas que se  localicen en las prácticas en función de los modos de enseñar de cada uno de  los profesores.          Dado el propósito de este trabajo y el  estado de avance en la investigación, presentaremos a continuación un resumen  del proyecto y de algunos aspectos del trabajo de campo donde incluimos la  referencia a ciertas cuestiones metodológicas vinculadas a esa tarea, y una  mención de las categorías observadas inicialmente en las prácticas.  ","palabras_clave":"Configuraciones didácticas|Enseñanza universitaria|Desarrollo colaborativo|Formación de profesores"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2325,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CALIDAD DE CARNE PORCINA.  EVALUACIÓN DE PROPIEDADES TECNOLÓGICAS DE LA RES EN CERDOS ALIMENTADOS CON SORGO TERMOPROCESADO EN LA REGIÓN SEMIÁRIDA PAMPEANA","resumen":"Son tres los factores relevantes de calidad cárnea para los consumidores terneza, jugosidad y aroma. Las mediciones objetivas que están relacionadas con ellas son pH1 y pH24 (1 y 24 horas post mortem), contenido de lípidos intramusculares y terneza, estos últimos se determinan por la capacidad de retención de agua y fuerza de corte del músculo Longissimus dorsi. El pH está asociado con la terneza, en general pH1 (5,5 ? 6,3) está indicado para oferta de carne fresca. La acidez en tanto está ligada con la calidad para fiambres cocidos y secos. La finalidad de esta investigación fue determinar si al procesar grano de sorgo por calor ? presión, previo a la inclusión en las dietas de cerdos en crecimiento y terminación, permite mejorar  la calidad  de la carcasa respecto al maíz crudo. El pH de la 1° hora y después de 24 horas fue significativamente diferente en la dieta testigo de maíz respecto a las de sorgo, aspecto que determina una carne con menor retención de agua en fresco y mayor resistencia al corte al poseer menor terneza. Los cerdos alimentados con sorgos tratados expusieron reses óptimas para el consumo fresco por su lenta caída del pH en las primeras 24 horas, por su mayor retención de agua en la carne fresca, medido a través de las pérdidas de agua por cocción y la terneza al corte.","palabras_clave":"RES PORCINA|CALIDAD CÁRNICA|SORGO TERMOPROCESADO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2326,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Intracellular A\u0001-oligomers and early inflammation in a model","resumen":"Lifelong use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been shown to diminish the incidence of Alzheimer?s disease (AD),suggesting a key role of inflammation in early stages of the pathology. While amyloid plaque-associated inflammation has been extensivelystudied in human and animal models, little is known about the inflammatory process prior to plaque deposition, i.e., in preclinical stagesof AD. In this study we investigated microglial and neuronal inflammatory markers in preplaque transgenic McGill-Thy1-APP mice. Wefound evidence that prior to plaque deposition classical markers of microglial activation such as major histocompatibility complex class II(MHC-II), inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS), and CD40 are already upregulated in the hippocampus of transgenic mice. Microglialcells from transgenic mice in the preplaque stage displayed intermediately activated morphology and appeared to be recruited towardintracellular amyloid- peptide (A)-oligomer burdened neurons. The inducible, neuron-specific cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzyme was found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers. peptide (A)-oligomer burdened neurons. The inducible, neuron-specific cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzyme was found to be upregulated and specifically expressed by neurons in close relationship with A-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.-bearing cells, at this early stage of the AD-like pathology. Our study suggests that neuroinflammation might be one of the earliest pathological responses to intracellular accumulation ofA-oligomers.-oligomers.","palabras_clave":"neuroinflammation|amiloid beta|transgenic mice|intracellular"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2327,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cortical peroxynitrationof nerve growth factor in aged and behaviorally characterized aged rats","resumen":"Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCN), a system involved in learning and memory processes, are highly dependent on a continuous supply of biologically active nerve growth factor (NGF) and highly sensitive to interruptions in NGF supply. Interestingly, the age-related cholinergic atrophy and cell loss in normal brain, as well as in Alzheimer?s disease is not complemented by reductions in the levels of NGF as could be expected. In the present work, cortical proNGF\/NGF were immuno-precipitated from cortical brain homogenates from young and aged and behaviorally characterized rats and resolved with anti-nytrotyrosine antibodies to reveal nitration of tyrosine residues in proteins. Cortical proNGF in aged and cognitively impaired rats was found to be a target for peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative damage. These studies provide evidence for oxidative stress damage of NGF molecules in brain samples of cognitively impaired aged rats as previously shown in AD human brain.","palabras_clave":"Neurotrofinas|Vejez|NGF|estres oxidativo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2328,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-&#946;) receptor I kinase inhibitor on prostate cancer bone growth.","resumen":"Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-&#946;1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa)  bone metastasis. In this study, we tested the antitumor efficacy of a selective TGF-&#946; receptor I kinase inhibitor,  LY2109761, in preclinical models. The effect of LY2109761 on the growth of MDA PCa 2b and PC-3  human PCa cells and primary mouse osteoblasts (PMOs) was assessed in vitro by measuring radiolabeled thymidine  incorporation into DNA. In vivo, the right femurs of male SCID mice were injected with PCa cells. We  monitored the tumor burden in control- and LY2109761-treated mice with MRI analysis and the PCa-induced  bone response with X-ray and micro-CT analyses. Histologic changes in bone were studied by performing  bone histomorphometric evaluations. PCa cells and PMOs expressed TGF-&#946; receptor I. TGF-&#946;1 induced pathway activation (as assessed by induced expression of p-Smad2) and inhibited cell growth in PC-3 cells and PMOs but not in MDA PCa 2b cells. LY2109761 had no effect on PCa cells but induced PMO proliferation in vitro. As expected, LY2109761 reversed the TGF-&#946;1-induced pathway activation and growth inhibition in  PC-3 cells and PMOs. In vivo, LY2109761 treatment for 6 weeks resulted in increased volume in normal  bone and increased osteoblast and osteoclast parameters. In addition, LY2109761 treatment significantly  inhibited the growth of MDA PCa 2b and PC-3 in the bone of SCID mice (pb0.05); moreover, it resulted in  significantly less bone loss and change in osteoclast-associated parameters in the PC-3 tumor-bearing  bones than in the untreated mice. In summary, we report for the first time that targeting TGF-&#946; receptors  with LY2109761 can control PCa bone growth while increasing the mass of normal bone. This increased  bone mass in nontumorous bone may be a desirable side effect of LY2109761 treatment for men with osteopenia or osteoporosis secondary to androgen-ablation therapy, reinforcing the benefit of effectively controlling PCa growth in bone. Thus, targeting TGF-&#946; receptor I is a valuable intervention in men with advanced PCa.","palabras_clave":"PROSTATE CANCER|BONE METASTASIS|TGF-B|TGF-B RECEPTOR TYPE I KINASE INHIBITOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2329,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La llegada de la computación a la Universidad de Buenos Aires","resumen":"Clementina fue la primera computadora con fines académicos y científicos en llegar a la Argentina. Llegó al país a fines de 1960 y fue instalada en el Pabellón 1 de la Ciudad Universitaria de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. En el presente trabajo se analiza el contexto histórico en el cual se produjo su llegada, tanto a nivel nacional como universitario. Asimismo, también se repasa la experiencia de su instalación, la organización que implicó su uso, los trabajos que se realizaron con ella y el triste desenlace que sufrió luego del golpe de estado de 1966.","palabras_clave":"Computación científica|Historia argentina|Clementina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2330,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Concepciones sobre el patrimonio urbano de la ciudad de Magdalena. Experiencia de construcción participativa","resumen":"      La ciudad de Magdalena, provincia de  Buenos Aires, constituye una de las ciudades más antiguas de esta región,  planificada siguiendo las leyes españolas, con forma de damero donde alrededor  de una plaza central se encuentran los edificios más importantes de justicia,  administración y religión. Una importante cantidad de construcciones de  mediados del siglo XIX son testimonios de su historia. El objetivo del trabajo  es analizar la versión gubernamental sobre la concepción y tratamiento del  patrimonio urbano y compararla con la visión de la comunidad. La existencia de  un circuito histórico oficial conformado por construcciones seleccionadas como  significativas es el punto de partida para indagar las concepciones que  sustentan estas elecciones. Se ha realizado un relevamiento fotográfico y  documental de construcciones del siglo XIX e implementado entrevistas a  diferentes actores. Se pretende involucrar y comprometer a la comunidad y  autoridades con el trabajo arqueológico y la valoración y preservación  patrimonial.  ","palabras_clave":"patrimonio urbano|comunidad local|Magdalena"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2331,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La explotación de recursos marinos en la costa de Patagonia continental:  Análisis de casos de Punta Entrada y Monte León (Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina)","resumen":"                Se  presentan los resultados del análisis zooarqueológico de Punto 96 (Punta  Entrada), Cabeza de León 1 y Conchero 4 (Parque Nacional Monte León), tres depósitos  de la costa atlántica al sur del río Santa Cruz correspondientes a los últimos  2000 años AP. Aunque las historias de formación de  estos conjuntos son diferentes, todos muestran una importante explotación de  los recursos marinos, especialmente de pinnípedos. En Punto 96 se detectó la  presencia de restos de cachorros de lobos marinos de hasta 1,5 meses de edad, lo  que estaría mostrando la existencia de  un  apostadero reproductivo que no existe actualmente. Tanto en Punto 96 como en  Conchero 4 se registraron dos especies de pinnípedos (Otaria flavescens y Arctocephalus  australis), por lo que es posible que la composición del apostadero fuese  mixta. La información isotópica de los restos humanos recuperados en el área señala  un consumo predominante de recursos terrestres con una  ingesta muy baja de alimentos marinos. La discordancia entre estas dos líneas de  evidencia permite plantear que la presencia humana en este  ambiente no era continua y ocurría en intervalos variables de tiempo, incluso  separados por varios años.                 ","palabras_clave":"zooarqueología|ambientes costeros |recursos marinos |pinnípedos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2332,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis comparado de los sistemas eléctricos en España y Argentina, 1890-1950. Estrategias globales y experiencias divergentes de la electrificación en dos países de industrialización tardía","resumen":"El documento analiza comparativamente la trayectoria de los sistemas eléctricos en España y Argentina desde la instalación de sus primeros servicios urbanos hasta la segunda posguerra mundial. Se parte de que la iniciativa y la financiación de los sistemas eléctricos en los países occidentales fue un proceso tempranamente global, con etapas sucesivas similares, pero condicionado por el entorno local. La convergencia en la trayectoria de ambas industrias se hace evidente al comparar su arranque y ritmo de crecimiento. No obstante, tras examinar otras variables, como los recursos disponibles, la estructura y dimensión de los mercados, los mecanismos de regulación pública y los modelos de inversión, se concluye que la aparente coincidencia encubre dos modalidades diversas de electrificación tardía: alta rentabilidad y concentración territorial en Argentina y una electrificación más armónica, aunque de menor rendimiento y rentabilidad, en España. Aquí, se analizan sus orígenes y se apuntan algunas secuelas de estas trayectorias disímiles","palabras_clave":"Argentina|España|Electrificación|Industria eléctrica|Inversión Extranjera|Entreguerras"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2333,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Predicción de la erosión eólica potencial con el modelo EWEQ en dos suelos loésicos: efectos de las condiciones climáticas.","resumen":"The potential wind erosion of a soil (EEP) is a basic data for predicting wind erosion of agricultural soils in most wind erosion predictionmodels. The objective of this study was to compare the predicted EEP of two soils by means of the Spanish Version of the WindErosion Equation (EWEQ), with field-measured EEP in a semiarid environment of Argentina, loaded with different climatic C factors.Wind erosion measurements were carried out along one year in a Typic Ustipsammment and an Entic Haplustoll, both maintainedbare and flat along the sampling period. Results indicated that EEP was higher in the Ustipsamment (270 Mg ha-1 yr-1) than in theHaplustoll (40 Mg ha-1 yr-1). These amounts represented 21,3 and 3,1 mm losses of the topsoil. Wind erosion of the Ustipsammentwas twice in Spring-Summer than in Autumn-Winter. This effect was not observed in the Haplustoll, due to a slower drying rateafter a rainfall event, which maintained the soil surface moist during a longer period of time. Storm duration explained 40% ofthe wind erosion variability in both soils. Wind erosion rates (Qt, EEP per unit time) correlated positively with the mean wind speedin both soils. At similar wind speeds, Qt was always higher in the Typic Ustipsamment. The EEP calculated with a C factorcorresponding to the sampling period (30,3) was the most similar to field measurements, but EWEQ underestimated wind erosionby 43% for the Haplustoll and by 18% for the Ustipsamment. The EWEQ model should include different climatic C factors in orderto offer the user the prediction of wind erosion under variable climatic scenarios.","palabras_clave":"Erosión Eólica|Ambientes semiáridos|Modelos de simulación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2334,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Theoretical and experimental study of the primary current distribution in parallel-plate electrochemical reactors","resumen":"A laboratory experiment is described to determine the primary current distribution in parallel-plate electrochemical reactors. The electrolyte is simulated by conductive paper and the electrodes are segmented to measure the current distribution. Experiments are reported with the electrolyte confined to the interelectrode gap, where the current distribution is uniform, and the case of unconfined electrolyte is treated by raising some segments. Experimental data are compared with theoretical results, and a close agreement is achieved. This experiment enables the student to gain a useful knowledge of the primary current distribution in electrochemical reactors. ","palabras_clave":"UPPER-DIVISION UNDERGRADUATE|CHEMICAL ENGINEERING|LABORATORY INSTRUCTION|ELECTROCHEMISTRY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2335,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CLIMATOLOGIA DE LA PRECIPITACION DE TRES DIAS EN LA CUENCA DEL PLATA","resumen":"  Una climatología de distintas propiedades de la precipitación en intervalos de tres días es desarrollada en el presente trabajo, la cual es de especial importancia para el pronóstico extendido de precipitación. Por lo tanto el objetivo fundamental de esta climatología es el desarrollo y el inicio de pronósticos extendidos de 6 a 10 días en términos de probabilidades divididas en categorías.   Para esto, se analizan las frecuencias entre 0 y 3 días con precipitación. Cada frecuencia de cero días de precipitación para el día i es el resultado de la ausencia de precipitación en ventanas móviles de tres días centradas en el día i, de la misma forma se obtienen las frecuencias hasta tres días con precipitación respectivamente.   Se emplean los datos de 94 estaciones en un período común (1959-1998) en el área de estudio. Se estudian las ondas anuales de las propiedades obtenidas para las precipitaciones y su síntesis a través de la descomposición en armónicos. Se propone una representación vectorial de las propiedades que definen el análisis armónico, tales como la fecha de ocurrencia del máximo (su fase) y su amplitud.   Finalmente, se pone especial énfasis en el estudio de las condiciones extremas de eventos de precipitación, como por ejemplo, la marcha anual de los máximos representados por el percentil 90.                                       ","palabras_clave":"CLIMATOLOGIA|PRECIPITACION DIARIA|PROBABILIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2336,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Degradación de suelos del SO Bonaerense y su  recuperación","resumen":"DEGRADACIÓN DE SUELOS DEL SO BONAERENSEY SU RECUPERACIÓN&nbsp;Silenzi J.C., Echeverría N.E., Bouza M.E., De Lucia M.P.Conservación y Manejo de Suelos, Dpto. de Agronomía, UNSjsilenzi@uns.edu.ar&nbsp;&nbsp;RESUMENEl suelo sufre la acción de factores degradantes naturales como fuertes lluvias, intensos vientos, temperaturas extremas, ascenso de capas freáticas salinas, inundaciones, etc. Generalmente estos factores actúan a gran escala y las consecuencias más comunes son: pérdida de suelo por lluvia y\/o viento, acumulación de sales y\/o elementos tóxicos para las plantas, lixiviación de bases, mineralización intensa del humus, óxido-reducción, cementación, etc. Estos procesos son relativamente lentos, intermitentes y recurrentes a lo largo de los años. Los mismos adquieren mayor importancia cuando son progresivos e irreversibles (Porta et al., 1999). Cuando la intensidad y velocidad del proceso aumenta, debido a la intervención antropogénica sobre el medio, la degradación se denomina acelerada. En esta situación se aprecia que la gestión humana puede disminuir la resistencia natural del suelo a la degradación y\/o aumentar la agresividad ambiental.\u201CDegradación del suelo es un proceso que rebaja la capacidad actual y potencial del suelo para producir (cuantitativamente y\/o cualitativamente) bienes o servicios. La degradación de los suelos no es necesariamente continua, sino que puede ocurrir en un período relativamente corto entre dos estados de equilibrio ecológico\u201D (FAO, 1980). La degradación causa una disminución en la calidad de los suelos, la cual deriva en una reducción de su productividad (Doran y Parkin, 1994).Conceptualmente la calidad del suelo puede tener dos enfoques: uno estático, definiendo la calidad a partir de las propiedades inherentes al suelo como fueron determinadas por Jenny (1941) según los cinco factores formadores del suelo. Otro como calidad dinámica del suelo, la cual es el cambio en la función del suelo influenciado por el uso y manejo humano. En el segundo caso, la calidad es medida por el cambio en la capacidad del suelo para funcionar respecto de alguna referencia o condición de línea base o línea de nivel (Seybold et al., 1999). Cuando es posible el nivel de referencia para los indicadores de calidad está dado por la condición del suelo prístino (Silenzi, 1998).En la ciencia del suelo, el término resilencia del suelo (del inglés soil resilience) ha sido introducido en la década del 90. El concepto se usa para describir la reacción del suelo a un rango de impactos o disturbios. Debido a la complejidad del sistema suelo y los muchos caminos en los cuales el suelo puede reaccionar a un disturbio externo, el término no ha sido definido operacionalmente. La resilencia del suelo ha sido definida como la capacidad de un suelo para recobrar su integridad funcional y estructural después de un disturbio. Según Seybold et al. (1999) falta una definición precisa de la resilencia del suelo a partir de la carencia de métodos para medirla. En este rumbo se avanza para lograr una definición en términos cuantitativos (USDA, 2001). Funcionalidad e integridad estructural son definidas como una capacidad del suelo de desarrollar funciones vitales, tales como el sostenimiento de la actividad biológica diversificada y productiva.Un disturbio es definido, de una manera general, como cualquier evento que causa un cambio significativo a partir de un patrón normal de funcionamiento de un ecosistema. El cambio depende de una escala temporal y espacial. A escala de tiempo geológico la mayoría de los eventos apuntan a un funcionamiento normal. Muchas perturbaciones son realmente necesarias para la función del ecosistema. Por ejemplo, la formación de una simple cueva de lombriz es claramente un disturbio a la escala espacial del sistema radicular de un césped y en la escala temporal de la vida útil de la planta. Pero, a escala de campo, esta perturbación debe ser considerada parte de un patrón normal.Entre las causas naturales se incluyen el fuego, terremotos, inundaciones, deslizamientos de tierra y tormentas de alta intensidad. Todas las actividades humanas relacionadas estrechamente con el uso y manejo de tierras pueden ser consideradas como causa de disturbio. La agricultura es una de las actividades que producen mayor disturbio del medio ambiente, la cual involucra un fuerte impacto por tráfico de vehículos, labranza, aplicación de fertilizante y pesticidas, y remoción o exclusión de especies de plantas competidoras (Seybold et al., 1999).La capacidad de recuperación del suelo tiene dos componentes: la velocidad o ritmo de recuperación y el grado o nivel de recuperación. La velocidad de recuperación es la cantidad de tiempo que necesita el suelo para recuperar su potencial original luego de un disturbio. El grado de recuperación queda definido por la magnitud de recuperación para estabilizar algún potencial relativo al estado previo al disturbio. Si el disturbio es muy drástico el suelo puede sufrir una degradación irreversible, por lo tanto su capacidad de recuperación no es viable en un tiempo razonable como puede considerarse un lapso de vida útil. En estos casos la capacidad de resilencia del suelo ha sido excedida, resultando un daño permanente o bien se necesita una recuperación con alto costo económico.En la opinión de los autores de este trabajo existe cierta anarquía en el uso de los términos resilencia y recuperación del suelo. Algunas veces, tal como se lo ha usado anteriormente, son empleados como sinónimos; esto se debe a la reticencia de emplear el término resilencia en el idioma español. Por otra parte, el término recuperación, en la terminología empleada en conservación de suelo, implica la acción antropogénica que restablece la funcionalidad edáfica al nivel previo del disturbio. Por lo tanto, para hablar con más precisión se propone emplear el término \u201Camortiguación edáfica\u201D en lugar de resilencia del suelo, y recuperación del suelo cuando a la amortiguación edáfica se le suma una gestión de reparación de la funcionalidad del suelo.","palabras_clave":"DEGRADACION DE SUELOS|SUDOESTE BONAERENSE|INDICADORES EDAFICOS|RECUPERACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2337,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EL DISCURSO EUGENÉSICO Y LA FICCIÓN NATURALISTA COMO INSTRUMENTOS DE MEDIACIÓN EN LA ARGENTINA LIBERAL DE FINES DE SIGLO XIX","resumen":"Resumen        A fines de siglo XIX, la metodología interpretativa de la medicina hegemonizó las tecnologías de   detección de lo diferente y subversivo, entendido como patología. El escritor  de novelas naturalistas   representa un observador que decodifica y controla el lenguaje de los cuerpos; registra y comunica   además, los riesgos que implica su equívoca inserción para la modernidad socio-económica. Según   Paul Burguet, teórico decadente, el hombre moderno vive en un estado de desequilibrio continuo que le   produce una alteración nerviosa. En algunos casos, lo vuelve irrecuperable. Los personajes de los   textos que estudiaremos  preocupan, pero no tan sólo como un cuadro clínico,  sino como modelo de   disfuncionalidad social. La ficción funcionaría, de este modo,  como mediadora y nexo articulador,   desde una perspectiva médica, con la producción simbólica y cultural que responde al proyecto   científico  positivista y a los estamentos sociales de control.","palabras_clave":"naturalismo|descentramiento|modernidad|liberalismo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2338,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"De la generación del 80 a la década del 30. La literatura como memoria de clase","resumen":"bservar, decodificar, categorizar y contar son todas operaciones dirigidas contra la evanescencia  de la modernidad. La venganza, la atrofia estética, el arribismo, la indecencia, la frivolidad liberal constituyen estigmas indeseables que atentan contra la integridad de Lucio V. López y sus representados. El autor de La gran aldea (1884) ve peligrar los intereses económicos y culturales, y construye una memoria literaria? que intenta clausurar por derecha e izquierda la simbólica Buenos Aires. Al igual que Enrique Loncán en Aldea Millonaria (1933), mira sin comprender lo que Wilde había definido con simplicidad  filosófica: La conservación absoluta es una imposibilidad en el mundo en que todo va de tránsito.  Las nuevas comunidades locales, que constituían la densa amalgama demográfica y social, y su modo de habitar Buenos Aires, se van  apropiando del imaginario y sus variables simbólicas para modificar progresivamente la memoria constituida sobre las identidades tradicionales.","palabras_clave":"tradición|memoria|elitismo|modernidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2339,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Boll weevil invasion process in Argentina","resumen":"The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, is the most destructive cotton pest in the Western Hemisphere. In 1993, the pest was reported in Argentina, and in 1994 boll weevils were captured in cotton fields in Formosa Province on the border between Argentina and Paraguay. The pest has subsequently moved to new areas, and in 2006 it was reported in Argentina\u2019s main cotton growing region. This study describes the first stage of the boll weevil invasion into areas of Argentina using a network of pheromone traps from 1997 to 2000 in Pilcomayo and Pilagás departments. A temporal autocorrelation analysis of the numbers of collected boll weevils in seven localities, and a synchrony analysis of 70 rural settlements for the 1997\u20132000 period, were the approaches we used to characterize boll weevil dispersal and establishment. Total abundances of boll weevils varied but a positive correlation between total number of individuals captured and the number of traps that captured them was detected. While short term temporal autocorrelation was observed, spatial synchrony was not found. The role of alternative hosts in facilitating the advance of boll weevils into Argentina is discussed.","palabras_clave":"Anthonomus grandis grandis|Dispersal|Eradication|Synchrony"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2340,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Duncan Jones' Moon: Do clones dream of uncopyrighted sheep?","resumen":"Moon (Duncan Jones, 2009) quietly and silently bursts into a sci-fi dominated by F\/X and the thrilling action by means of a visual treatment that prevents spectacular computer generated images from stepping up the narrative pulse. On the contrary, the film is based on a crafty man-made aesthetic that send the spectator back to the classics of science fiction. However, some of the main topics are also typical to late science fiction, especially cyberpunk, by the role played by corporations on the exploitation of men (or of beings that are in the dim limits of humane) through technology.","palabras_clave":"Cyborg|Clone|Robot|crimmigrant"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2341,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"¿El 'salto' de la modernidad? Notas sobre literatura, mercado y modernización en el siglo XIX","resumen":"El presente texto propone una relectura de algunos aspectos centrales vinculados a la periodización cultural y literaria del siglo XIX \u2013entre ellos, la cuestión del mercado, la tensión entre prensa y literatura, las demandas del nuevo público lector, los formatos y circuitos de circulación de los textos, los procesos de expansión de la lectura, la ideologización de las capacidades lingüísticas, la incidencia o experiencia de las políticas de alfabetización en la constitución de una cultura literaria o lectora\u2013. A partir de la producción crítica e historiográfica de las últimas décadas, se bosqueja una revisión de algunos presupuestos teóricos y críticos sobre el proceso de modernización literaria en Latinoamérica y se tientan algunas hipótesis para la confección de nuevos enfoques relativos al tema.           The present paper proposes a re-reading of some central aspects linked to the cultural and literary periodization of the 19th century \u2013among them, the question of the market, the tension between press and literature, the demands of the new reading public, text formats and their channels of circulation, the processes of reading expansion, the ideologization of linguistic abilities, the impact (and the experience) of literacy policies on the constitution of a literary or reading culture\u2013. By looking at the critical and historiographical production of the last decades, a review of some theoretical and critical assumptions on the process of literary modernization in Latin America is sketched and some hypotheses are suggested for the elaboration of new approaches to the matter.      ","palabras_clave":"MODERNIZACIÓN|MODERNIDAD|MERCADO|SIGLO XIX"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2342,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un 'estudio' olvidado sobre la literatura chilena: Demetrio Rodríguez Peña y su discurso en el Círculo de Amigos de las Letras","resumen":"Un ?estudio? olvidado sobre la literatura chilena: Demetrio Rodríguez Peña y su discurso en el Círculo de Amigos de las Letras     El trabajo recupera un ?estudio? sobre la literatura chilena de Demetrio Rodríguez Peña,  publicado originalmente en el periódico chileno La Semana en 1859 y mencionado nada menos que por J. V. Lastarria en sus Recuerdos literarios. El texto, cuyo extenso título deja explícito su objeto: De la literatura chilena, considerada en sus fuentes, i en el carácter que debe revestir para llenar las condiciones de nacionalidad e influir en el progreso i felicidad del país, fue presentado primeramente en una reunión del Círculo de Amigos de las Letras, presidido por Lastarria, y luego publicado en el periódico de los hermanos Arteaga Alemparte.  del 21 de octubre de 1859, trabajo mencionado por Lastarria con cierta precisión en sus Recuerdos y                 El ?estudio? ?una especie de ensayo crítico-historiográfico? se publicó seguidamente en los números 24, 25, 26, 27 y 28 de La Semana, entre el 29 de octubre y el 26 de noviembre de 1859. Hasta ahora, el ensayo permanece sin reedición. Dada su formidable extensión, que podría formar un folleto de unas 50 páginas, la reproducción que se presenta selecciona de manera representativa aquellas partes más relevantes para el estudio de la cultura y de la literatura chilenas. Al mismo tiempo, se ofrece una breve introducción crítica con el objeto de contextualizar dicha producción.               ","palabras_clave":"LITERATURA CHILENA|LENGUA NACIONAL|DEMETRIO RODRÍGUEZ PENA|CRÍTICA E HISTORIOGRAFÍA LITERARIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2344,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Theoretical study of interference effects in single electron ionization of N2 molecules by proton impact","resumen":"  Single ionization of diatomic molecules due to the impact of fast proton beams is theoretically  studied. The main interest is focussed on the analysis of the possible existence of interference  patterns in the corresponding electron spectra due to coherent emission from the vicinities of  the molecular centres. The case of N2 targets is considered. A fully coplanar geometry in  which the emitted electron, the incident particle and the molecule are all in the same plane is  considered. The dynamics of the reaction is described within the continuum distorted  wave-eikonal initial state model, and in the exit channel a two-effective centre approximation  is employed. It is shown that fingerprints of coherent electron emission appear in the  corresponding angular distributions. Also, double differential cross sections as a function of  the energy and of the angle of the ionized electron, obtained by averaging the angular spectra  over all molecular orientations, are calculated. Electron emission in opposite phases is found  for the two inner 1sóg- and 1só&#8727;u -orbitals, according with their gerade and ungerade character.2 targets is considered. A fully coplanar geometry in  which the emitted electron, the incident particle and the molecule are all in the same plane is  considered. The dynamics of the reaction is described within the continuum distorted  wave-eikonal initial state model, and in the exit channel a two-effective centre approximation  is employed. It is shown that fingerprints of coherent electron emission appear in the  corresponding angular distributions. Also, double differential cross sections as a function of  the energy and of the angle of the ionized electron, obtained by averaging the angular spectra  over all molecular orientations, are calculated. Electron emission in opposite phases is found  for the two inner 1sóg- and 1só&#8727;u -orbitals, according with their gerade and ungerade character.óg- and 1só&#8727;u -orbitals, according with their gerade and ungerade character.","palabras_clave":"Proton |molecula de nitrogeno|ionizacion|interferencias"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2345,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental corrections in neutron diffraction of ambient water using H\/D isotopic substitution","resumen":"We report on the procedure to treat neutron diffraction data, in order to obtainthe differential cross sections, a step that is essential in the analysis of structural informationfor liquids and amorphous materials. The treatment is applied to new measurements that havebeen made on the D4C diffractometer for eight different isotopic compositions of H2 O\/D2 Omixtures at ambient temperature. The procedure is based on Monte Carlo simulations toperform multiple scattering, attenuation and detector efficiency corrections, applied iteratively.The normalization process allows the direct comparison of measured data from different samples,and requires the knowledge of the total cross-section at the incident neutron energy. They highcontrast between the cross sections (coherent and incoherent) for heavy and light water allowsto test the procedure under very different conditions of multiple scattering effects.","palabras_clave":"Líquidos|Agua|Scattering de neutrones"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2346,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adsorption on Heterogeneous Surfaces with Simple Topographies","resumen":"The localized monolayer adsorption of interacting particles onto heterogeneous surfaces has been studied through Monte Carlo simulation in the framework of the lattice-gas model. The substrate was modelled as a collection of finite homotatic patches, each one characterized by an adsorption energy arising from a discrete energy density function. Patches were distributed spatially, either in a deterministic alternate way (ordered topography) or in a non-overlapping random way (random topography). The adsorption process was analyzed by following the behaviour of surface coverage versus chemical potential (adsorption isotherm) and the differential heat of adsorption as a function of the coverage. These quantities depend on the size of the patch as well as on the topological distribution of the patches on the surface. The consequences of these findings are discussed for the determination of the energetic topography of the surface from adsorption measurements.","palabras_clave":"Statistical Physics|Adsorption|Monte Carlo simulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2347,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preparation and characterization of Fe-based bulk metallic glasses in plate form","resumen":"Amorphous alloys with composition (at%) Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Gd2 (alloy A) and Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2 (alloy B) were prepared either using pure elements (A and B1) and a commercial AISI430 steel as a base material (B2). When prepared from pure elements both alloys (A and B1) could be cast in plate form with a fixed thickness of 2 mm and variable lengths between 10 and 20 mm by means of copper-mold injection in air atmosphere. In the case of alloy B2, prepared by using commercial grade raw materials, rods of 2 mm diameter were obtained.  X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy observations confirmed that an amorphous structure was obtained in all the as cast samples. A minor fraction of crystalline phases (oxides and carbides) was detected on the as cast surface. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed a glass transition temperature of 856 K for alloy A and 841 K for alloy B1, and an onset crystallization temperature of 887 K for alloy A and 885 K for alloy B1. In the case of alloy B2 a slighlty different crystallization sequence was observed.  Values of hardness (&#61566;13 GPa) and Young modulus (&#61566;180 GPa) were measured by nanoindentation for both the alloys.   The role of Y and Gd addition in adverse casting conditions, such as air atmosphere, and the effect of the partial replacement of pure elements with commercial grade raw materials on the glass formation are discussed.","palabras_clave":"BULK METALLIC GLASSES|STRUCTURAL AMORPHOUS STEELS|GLASS FORMING ABILITY|Fe-BASED AMORPHOUS ALLOYS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2348,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"\u201CPerturbed Angular Correlation Study of the PbTixHf1-xO3 family of Compounds\u201D","resumen":"In this work,the hyperfine quadrupole interaction at Ta-doped PbTi1xHfxO3 polycrystalline samples is  studied for the firsttime.Powders with x¼0.25, 0.50and0.75 were prepared and characterized by   X-ray  diffraction analysis. Perturbed Angular Correlation(PAC)analyses were done as a function of  temperature,using low concentration 181Ta nuclei as probes.In the ferroelectric and paraelectric  phases of these compounds two sites were occupied by the probes.For each site the quadrupole  frequency,asymmetry and relative distribution width parameters were obtained as a function of  temperature above and below the Curie temperature(TC).One of these site swas assigned to the regular  Ti?Hf  site,while the other one was assigned to some kind of defect.The behavior of the hyperfine  parameters as a function of temperature was analyzed interms of a recent published phase diagram   and the presence of disorder below and above TC. For the three compositions measured,the obtained  hyperfine parameters present discontinuities which correspond to the ferroelectric?paraelectric phase  transition. In both phases it was found broad frequency distributed interactions. The disorder in the  electronic distribution would be responsible for the broad line width of the hyperfineinteraction.","palabras_clave":"PAC|Perovskites|Ferroelectric"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2350,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The presentation in Argentina of America Pavilion at FLICAM, China: a bridge between two suns","resumen":"On September 14th 2008, nineteen artists native of the south part of the American territory, practicing the ceramics art, showed in China their works, recently finished after a month of activity in Fuping, province of Shaanxi. Testimonies of a Program of Exchange of China-Latin-American Ceramics Arts related to the complex FLICAM ?FuLe International Ceramics Art Museums? these pieces, especially created in situ by the ceramists, not only increased the artistic patrimony in the Popular Republic, but also started the tradition of a new pavilion dedicated to Argentina and Latin-America. (La revista es de edición bilingüe; el articulo también aparece en chino mandarín; la versión digital del artículo es castellana).","palabras_clave":"ARTES|FUEGO|CERAMICA|CONTEMPORÁNEA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2351,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assay of caffeoylquinic acids in Baccharis trimera by reversed-phase liquid chromatography","resumen":"Baccharis trimera commonly named ?carqueja?, is wide-spread in South America and are used as raw material  for herbal medicines.Areversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) method coupled to diode array  detector was developed for the analysis of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), the main compounds responsible  for its digestive activity. The identity of the quinic acids was established by mass spectrometry and  were them: 5-O-[E]-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-O-[E]-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-[E]-dicaffeoylquinic acid,  4,5-O-[E]-dicaffeoylquinic acid and a tricaffeoylquinic acid. The RP-LC method for the quantitation of  the caffeoylquinic acids was validated according to ICH guidelines, based on the following parameters:  linearity, selectivity, robustness, limits of detection and quantification, precision and recovery. Hydroalcoholic  extracts were prepared by the maceration of the plant material with ethanol:water 1:1 (v\/v)  in a 0.1:25 gmL&#8722;1 plant:solvent ratio in a water bath at 40 &#9702;C. Validation data indicated that the HPLC  method proposed is suitable for the analysis of caffeoylquinic acids in B. trimera raw material. The results  of the LOD and LOQ analyses for the 5-CQA were 4.1gmL&#8722;1 and 12.5gmL&#8722;1, respectively, 1.3gmL&#8722;1,  3.9gmL&#8722;1 for 4,5-diCQA and 1.7gmL&#8722;1, 5.1gmL&#8722;1 for triCQA. The levels of total CQAs ranged from  2.1 to 4.0 g% (w\/w). The influence of season harvest and site collection was also evaluated and variations  were observed in the results and can be related to phonologic phase, different locations, seasons and  soil. Long term and photostability of plant material were carried out and was observed a stable behavior  during the time of the experiments.","palabras_clave":"BACCHARIS TRIMERA|CAFFEOYLQUINIC ACIDS|DICAFFEOYLQUINIC ACIDS|TRICAFFEOYLQUINIC ACIDS|RP-LC|PHOTOSTABILITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2352,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"STABILITY ANALYSIS OF A WATER-COOLED CHANNEL AT SUPERCRITICAL CONDITIONS","resumen":"In this work a simplified model for studying the thermal-hydraulic stability of a uniformly heated channel cooled by a supercritical flow is presented. Such a model is then used to analyse the thermal-hydraulic stability of a channel working at the same conditions of a fuel element of the supercritical water reactor (SCWR). The great flow density reduction in the core of this reactor is a potential source for the onset of oscillations caused by density waves, similar to those in observed in BWRs. Due to the similarity in the behaviour of such systems, it is possible to treat the supercritical flow as a pseudo-boiling system. This treatment enables extending a widely used model in the study of instabilities in boiling systems to cases in which supercritical conditions are reached. The model developed in this study describes the heated channel with three regions: The first one which is cooled by a ?dense? flow similar to sub-cooled water; a region which is cooled by mixture with variable fluid properties, at some point similar to a two-phase flow; and a region with a ?light? liquid which behaves as an overheated steam. The Homogeneous Equilibrium Model (HEM) is applied for describing the pseudo-boiling region, and the ideal gas model is used for the pseudo-overheating region. A linear stability analysis in the frequency domain is then used to obtain the system stability maps. In such maps it is observed the occurrence of two possible instability mechanisms: Density Waves Oscillations (DWO) and Ledinegg excursive instabilities. Likewise, a sensibility analysis shows that friction in the pseudo-overheated steam region together with the acceleration effect are the most destabilizing pressure drop contributions in the system; On the other hand, friction in the sub-cooled pseudo-liquid region constitute the most stabilizing pressure drop contribution. In addition it is confirmed an increase in the operational pressure stabilizes the reactor at nominal conditions.","palabras_clave":"Stability analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2353,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DIFERENCIACION INTRAURBANA, SEGREGACION RESIDENCIAL SOCIOECONOMICA Y FRAGMENTACION SOCIO-ESPACIAL EN EL GRAN SANTA FE A COMIENZOS  DEL SIGLO XXI","resumen":"En el marco de la geografía urbana se identifica un grupo de estudios orientados a analizar los  rasgos espaciales de la diferenciación social en las ciudades. En procura de este entendimiento,  los debates nos han dado evidencias acerca de que la comunidad urbana no es una masa  indiferenciada, ni una reunión aleatoria de personas y edificios. Los grupos sociales similares no  se localizarían en el espacio de modo casual, si no que presentarían tendencia a agruparse,  conformando áreas urbanas con determinadas características socioeconómicas. De este modo, se  manifiestan áreas intraurbanas disímiles que cristalizan en múltiples ?ciudades? que coexisten  dentro de un mismo ámbito urbano.  En ese contexto, este trabajo tiene como propósito fundamental desentrañar los aspectos  espaciales de la diferenciación intraurbana, dilucidar factores explicativos subyacentes a la  misma y proponer un modelo de síntesis de la estructura urbana, analizando su adecuación a los  modelos de estructura interna planteados contemporáneamente para el mundo urbano  latinoamericano. De modo exploratorio, analiza aspectos subjetivos intervinientes. Contribuye a  completar la vacancia existente acerca del estudio de tales aspectos en el AGSF y, de modo  complementario, pretende generar un aporte válido para entidades públicas de gestión del  territorio.","palabras_clave":"CALIDAD DE VIDA|ECOLOGÍA FACTORIAL|ESTRUCTURA URBANA|GRAN SANTA FE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2354,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los niños y el derecho a la educación en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina)","resumen":"Este trabajo propone indagar en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina)los avances en torno al ejercicio del derecho a la educación a partirdel análisis de indicadores de acceso y permanencia al sistemaeducativo de los niños de 6 a 17 años, desde la adhesión del paísa la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño de 1989. A partir deinformación proveniente de los censos poblacionales de 1991, 2001y 2008 y de un conjunto de indicadores utilizados tradicionalmenteen los estudios de educación (tales como el porcentaje de asistenciaescolar) combinados con técnicas de asociación espacial, seobservan importantes logros en el acceso y la permanencia escolar,principalmente en el nivel primario. No obstante, los diferencialesterritoriales persisten, lo que impide garantizar la igualdad deoportunidades, fundamental en el marco de los derechos humanos.","palabras_clave":"Niñez|Derecho a la educación|Igualdad de oportunidades|Diferencias territoriales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2355,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CLEAN PRODUCTION OF CEDRELA SPP. SEEDLINGS IN HYDROPONICS NURSERY","resumen":"Cedrela includes fine timber species appreciated in the world market. However, natural reserves are rapidly decreasing in Argentina. The INTA carried out a domestication project in order to promote the culture and conservation of Cedrela spp. Thus, this study looks for developing a protocol to produce seedlings using agricultural waste from local industries, avoiding the use of methyl bromide, topsoil and non-recycleable plastics. The trial began in spring 2008 and involved seed-bulk of Cedrela balansae, C. fissilis and C. lilloi. The experimental design consisted in a factorial arrangement, with 4 replications (trays with 25 seedlings each). The treatments were 2 propagation techniques, 5 substrates and 2 fertilization types (soluble solids 15-5-35 and ?La Molina? nutritive solution). The variables ?plant height? (3 times), ?base diameter? (BD) and ?survival of seedlings? were evaluated. The ANOVA and Duncan tests (alpha=0.05) results showed that the semi-hydroponics system was the best propagation technique, in comparison with the floating trays. The plant containers consist of supported trays with 100 cm3 alveolus of capacity each. Pine-bark substrate and ?La Molina? formulation turned out the best combination for all species, reaching an average height of 26 cm and 5.4 mm of BD. The treatments were the following: long bagasse-50%\/cachaza 50% (18.8 cm and 4.3 mm); bagasse-75%\/cachaza-25% (14.6 cm and 3.7 mm); long (1-3.35 mm) fiber bagasse (10.31 cm and 2.8 mm) and finally short (<1 mm) fiber bagasse (9.5 cm and 2.7 mm), with highly significant differences. The trial average survival was 70%, however the survival in pine-bark was just 55.5% due to the high competition among plants into the tray. In conclusion, Cedrela seedlings reached the nursery cycle in 3 months with pine-bark and ?La Molina? formulation. However, it is also important to review the alveolus volume in order to improve the survival.","palabras_clave":"Cedrela seedlings|semi-hydroponics system|substrates and fertilization types"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2356,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"E-BOSS: an Extensive stellar BOw Shock Survey - I. Methods and first catalogue","resumen":"Context. Bow shocks are produced by many astrophysical objects where shock waves are present. Stellar bow shocks, generated by runaway stars, have been previously detected in small numbers and well-studied. Along with progress in model development and improvements in observing instruments, our knowledge of the emission produced by these objects and its origin can now be more clearly understood.   Aims: We produce a stellar bow-shock catalogue by applying uniform search criteria and a systematic search process. This catalogue is a starting point for statistical studies, to help us address fundamental questions such as, for instance, the conditions under wich a stellar bow shock is detectable.   Methods: By using the newest infrared data releases, we carried out a search for bow shocks produced by early-type runaway stars. We first explored whether a set of known IRAS bow shock candidates are visible in the most recently available IR data, which has much higher resolution and sensitivity. We then carried out a selection of runaway stars from the latest, large runaway catalogue available. In this first release, we focused on OB stars and searched for bow-shaped features in the vicinity of these stars.   Results: We provide a bow-shock candidate survey that gathers a total of 28 members, which we call the Extensive stellar BOw Shock Survey (E-BOSS). We derive the main bow-shock parameters, and present some preliminary statistical results on the detected objects.   Conclusions: Our analysis of the initial sample and the newly detected objects yields a bow-shock detectability around OB stars of ~10 per cent. The detections do not seem to depend particularly on either stellar mass, age or position. The extension of the E-BOSS sample, with upcoming IR data, and by considering, for example, other spectral types as well, will allow us to perform a more detailed study of the findings.","palabras_clave":"infrared: ISM|infrared: stars|stars: early-type|stars: catalogs"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2357,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The antenna DSA 3 and its potential use for Radio Astronomy","resumen":"The European Space Agency (ESA) will inaugurate its third Deep Space  Antenna (DSA 3) by the end of 2012. DSA 3 will be located in Argentina  near the city of Malargüe in the Mendoza province. While the  instrument will be primarily dedicated to communications with  interplanetary mis- sions, the characteristics of its antenna and  receivers will also enable stan- dalone leading scientific  contributions, with a high scientific-technological return. We outline  here scientific proposals for a radio astronomical use of DSA 3.","palabras_clave":"."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2358,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dime con que vara juzgas y te diré tu patrimonio: el licenciado Pedro Mercado de Peñalosa, oidor de la Audiencia de Lima (1553-1562)","resumen":"Este trabajo reconstruye la trayectoria del licenciado Pedro Mercado de Peñaloza, oidor de la Audiencia de Lima, entre los años 1553 y 1562. Indagaremos las relaciones sociales, económicas y políticas que hicieron del licenciado Mercado de Peñalosa uno de los oidores más ricos y con mayor influencia en el naciente virreinato del Perú. Sus fructíferos vínculos, sumado a sus estratégicas alianzas familiares, posicionaron al licenciado Peñalosa como parte destacada de la élite limeña. Estudiar su vida personal y relacional nos brindará herramientas para comprender más acabadamente cómo se utilizó el oficio de magistrado en América para forjar linajes, intereses comerciales, acrecentamientos patrimoniales y sobre todo el tan deseado ascenso social.","palabras_clave":"Oidor|Audiencia de Lima|Patrimonio|Pedro Mercado de Peñalosa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2359,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Organophosphorus Insecticides Affect Normal Polyamine Metabolism in Amphibian  Embryogenesis","resumen":"The objective of the present study was to evaluate the concentration- and time-dependent effects of the organophosphorus insecticides malathion and azinphos-methyl on polyamine metabolism, and relate them to normal and altered embryonic development of the common toad Rhinella arenarum. Control embryos showed that the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine acquired importance with respect to the diamine putrescine as embryonic development progressed. The activity of ornithine decarboxylase significantly decreased in complete operculum embryos. Continuous exposure to malathion caused a decrease in polyamine levels during embryonic development. However, there was an increase in putrescine levels in complete operculum embryos exposed to a sublethal concentration of the insecticide. Embryos exposed to malathion displayed a decrease in fresh weight and size, along with an increase in the number of malformed individuals. R. arenarum embryos exposed to a lethal concentration of azinphos- methyl showed an increase in putrescine levels and a decrease in spermidine and spermine levels, accompanied by an increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity. In conclusion, as the embryonic development of the toad R. arenarum progresses, polyamine metabolism shifts to higher polyamine levels with a more preponderant contribution of spermidine and spermine with respect to putrescine and involves a dramatic change in ornithine decarboxylase activity, one of the key regulatory enzymes of the pathway. Organophosphorus insecticides are capable of altering polyamine metabolism, slowing embryo development in parallel with a reduction in spermidine and spermine levels. An increase in the oxidative degradation of polyamines might be involved in the toxic action of organophosphorus insecticides and might also be related to other effects such as teratogenesis.","palabras_clave":"ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES|PUTRESCINE|SPERMIDINE|ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE|MALFORMATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2360,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"International Legal Discourse on Human Right to Water and Sanitation from the Latin American Standpoint","resumen":"International legal discourse has maintained a debate over the human right to water and sanitation (HRWS) on a superficial level, limited in terms of its recognition and conceptualization, confusing legality and legitimacy. Taking a critical perspective, and concentrating on the Latin America region, the article focuses on the need to go beyond its mere recognition, by identifying false debates and highlighting the paradoxical character of its expression and fulfilment. Based on the thesis of progressive recognition, the author discusses the lack of positive recognition of HRWS as a major problem by pointing out several current challenges: the need for integration in a contradictory and feudal international legal order, as well as into pre-existing institutions of domestic law; the extension of responsibility to corporations; and the implementation of public policies and investments as the main way of achieving its effectiveness. Based on a legal and political analysis of the UN General Assembly resolution (2010), the article explains several aspects of the discourses voiced by different actors, their arguments and contradictions. ","palabras_clave":"HUMAN RIGHT TO WATER |RIGHT TO SANITATION|INTERNATINOAL LEGAL DISCOURSE|LATINAMERICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2361,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reflexiones en torno del conflicto para el estudio de la sociedad colonial americana y su pasaje a una sociedad independiente?,","resumen":"Resumen: En los últimos treinta años, un cambio de perspectiva desplazó el estudio de la sociedad  colonial basado en la observación desde las llamadas estructuras sociales y el uso de categorías analíticas ?  socioprofesionales o socioétnicas- hacia las relaciones recíprocamente entabladas por las personas. Una  manera de acercarse a los fenómenos sociales, ya no en base a categorías, sino a partir de las experiencias y de  los comportamientos de los actores. Podemos inferir que este tipo de enfoque anula el análisis del conflicto en  tanto concepto clave para el estudio de un proceso de cambio social y de la identificación de los sujetos  sociales como así también el uso fuerte de la teoría. Con respecto al conflicto como objeto de estudio, las  ciencias sociales le han dedicado un largo tratamiento. Por tanto, con este trabajo esperamos colaborar en la  indagación y propuesta de un marco conceptual sobre el conflicto social que sirva de instrumental de análisis  para el estudio de la sociedad colonial americana y su pasaje a una sociedad independiente","palabras_clave":"CONFLICTO|ORDEN|SOCIEDAD COLONIAL|SOCIEDAD INDEPENDIENTE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2362,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Different kinds of organic carbon in two types of soil cultivated with sugarcane in the Flattened Plain of Tucuman \u2013 Argentina:","resumen":"BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SUGAR CANE WASTE AND RATES OF DECOMPOSITION IN CONTRASTING SOILS OF DEPRESSED NO SALT PLAINS, Tucumán, ARGENTINA.  Corbella, R.D., García, J.R., Ceballos, R.B. y Plasencia, A.M. Cátedra de Edafología, FAZ-UNT, Avda. Kirchner 1900, roberto.corbella@gmail.com    In the province of Tucuman in the sugarcane area, over 200.000 ha are grown,  50% of these are located at the depressed plain region. Soils in this area are of alluvial origin, very heterogeneous and spatially affected by the presence of a shallow water table. These soils must be handled in order to keep a residue cover on the surface trying to increase organic carbon content and their structural stability. The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical composition of the stubble of harvested green cane and how this composition, along with soil features and climatic conditions influence their rate of decomposition. Clay loam Fluventic Argiudolls (Fa) with poor drainage and imperfect sandy loam Hapludoll fluvacuentics (FA), were studied. Woven bags were filled with 40 g of residual sugar cane and 40 g of leaf (litter bags technique) and placed in the track and the groove, as well buried on soil surface. Bags were removed periodically. Lignin acid detergent (LDA), nitrogen-free extract (ENN), crude fiber (CF), humidity (H°), ashes, proteins, crude fat,  carbon \u2013 nitrogen ratio (C \/ N), temperature and soil moisture were measured. Results for cane and leaf respectively were: LDA: 10, 6% and 3.2%; FB%: 36.8% and 20.8; ENN: 41.7% and 62%. Values of the rate of decomposition fluctuated between 25 and 48%, the highest value was for leaf litter and buried stubble in FA.","palabras_clave":"ORGANIC CARBON|SOILS|SUGAR CANE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2363,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Polyomavirus-induced pilomatricomas in mice: from viral inoculation to tumour development.","resumen":"Polyomavirus has been used extensively to study tumour induction in mice. While most neoplasms are well characterized, those arising from hair follicles have been referred to by different names during the last 4 decades. The purpose of this research was to contribute to a more accurate histological characterization of these tumours as well as to study the viral progression from the onset of infection to the development of neoplasms. Polyomavirus A2 was inoculated into newborn C3H\/BiDa mice, and at different time-points (from 5 to 70 days post-inoculation) the mice were sacrificed and studied using histological, immunocytochemical, ultrastructural and virological methods. The fully developed hair follicle tumours consisted of a proliferation of matrix cells that evolved into \u201Cshadow\u201D cells with empty nuclei, and finally into amorphous keratin; the tumours were, therefore diagnosed as pilomatricomas. Viral VP-1 was observed only in fully differentiated cells and not in proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen (PCNA) - positive cells in the same tumour. In conclusion, Polyomavirus first replicated in the skin, and then disseminated through the blood and reached the outer sheath of the hair follicles, and finally infected matrix cells, leading to the development of pilomatricomas from which infectious virus were isolated.   Key words: Polyoma; pilomatricoma; hair follicle; oncogenesis.","palabras_clave":"POLYOMA|PILOMATRICOMA|HAIR FOLLICLE|ONCOGENESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2364,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"INOCULACION INTRAMAMARIA DE Lactobacillus perolens CRL1724 EN VACAS LECHERAS EN PERIODO SECO: EFECTO SOBRE EL TEJODO MAMARIO","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"-"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2366,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Exploring Changes in Returns to Skills in Latin America","resumen":"While income inequality increased over the 1990s in most Latin American countries, the recent decade was the scenario of a widespread and significant fall in most measures of socioeconomic and labor inequities. One of the factors that accounts for this differential evolution between decades is the change in the distribution of labor earnings in terms of returns to skills. In this paper we present preliminary results of a study on changes in the returns to skill in Latin America based on a simple but illustrative supply-demand framework that proved useful for the analysis of labor markets in developed countries (Katz and Murphy, 1992; Goldin and Katz, 2010) and some developing countries (Montes Rojas, 2006; Galiani, 2009). This methodology is based on a careful examination of changes in wage premium and relative supply between types of labor, and the estimation of patterns in relative demand consistent with the observable trends in wages and labor supply. The analysis is complemented with an examination of the role that sector changes in the economy may have played on the demands for different types of labor, and ultimately on the wage premium.","palabras_clave":"Returns to Skills|Inequality|Latin America."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2367,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Convergencias y divergencias en la noción de computación","resumen":"Rastrear la genealogía y elucidar el alcance de la idea de computación tiene hoy un rol más fundamental que la mera exégesis, ya que pese a ser central en diversas disciplinas ?o quizá precisamente por eso?, es una noción que no está fijada de manera clara y unívoca, no tiene un status ontológico definido y está constantemente bajo sospecha, sujeta a ataques desde diversos frentes. En este artículo ponemos en consideración algunas de las ideas que en la década de 1930 confluyeron en la definición de lo efectivamente computable y que dieron lugar a partir de la década siguiente a la construcción de computadoras electrónicas. Consideramos también algunas divergencias conceptuales que se produjeron a partir de la aparición de las computadoras electrónicas y del computacionalismo en filosofía de la mente, las cuales repercutieron en la comprensión de estos artefactos y de la nueva ciencia de la computación. Ofrecemos, para concluir, una caracterización de los sistemas computacionales que permite poner en perspectiva estas discusiones actuales, volviendo a poner el énfasis en la noción de programa, presente en todas estas ideas, pero indebidamente olvidada en algunas de las críticas.","palabras_clave":"procedimiento efectivo|pancomputacionalismo|intérpretes|máquina universal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2368,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Variabilidad Lateral para evaluar la velocidad de respuesta de una Carta de Control de Procesos","resumen":"La Ingeniería Industrial juega actualmente un rol esencial en el monitoreo de procesos que siguen la metodología Six Sigma. Las Cartas de Control Estadístico permite monitorearlos periódicamente. La velocidad de su respuesta es evaluada mediante la Longitud de Corrida y merece atención especial, juega un papel determinante en la búsqueda de una carta que se ajuste a las características de producción. La elevada dispersión y marcada asimetría de la Longitud de Corrida hacen que, la Variabilidad Total (Coeficiente de Variación) no describa adecuadamente la dispersión de aquella longitud. En publicaciones anteriores, los autores propusieron variabilidades laterales acordes a cada estado del proceso. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar cuantitativamente las ventajas de su uso. El método empleado fue el análisis de la razón variabilidad lateral\/variabilidad total en cartas seleccionadas. Los resultados alcanzados evidencian tales ventajas, se hacen más notorias en el uso de muestras y en el interés por los corrimientos grandes en la media del proceso. Se ilustran dos casos donde se destaca las diferencias entre los criterios convencional y no convencional para evaluar la velocidad de respuesta de una carta.                                   ","palabras_clave":"Cartas de control| longitud de corrida|monitoreo de procesos|variabilidad lateral"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2369,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stability of lactobacilli encapsulated in various microbial polymers","resumen":"Various microbial polymers, namely xanthan gum, gellan gum, pullulan gum and jamilan, were tested as a suitable encapsulating material for Lactobacillus plantarum CRL 1815 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103. Resulting capsules were also studied for their pH and simulated gastrointestinal conditions tolerance. The morphology of the microcapsules was studied using scanning electron microscopy. pH tolerance was tested at pH 2.0, 3.5, 5 and 6.5 over a 6-h incubation period. Simulated gastrointestinal conditions were assayed with simulated gastric and pancreatic juices and simulated bile over a 24-h incubation period. Suspensions of probiotic organisms were used as a control. The results from encapsulation with microbial polymers indicate that mixtures of 1% xanthan gum with 0.75% gellan gum and 1% jamilan with 1% gellan gum were the most suitable for microencapsulation. Results for the pH tolerance tests showed no improvement in the viability of cells in relation to the control, except for pH 2.0 where lactobacilli encapsulated in xanthan:gellan gum (1%:0.75%) prolonged their viability afterl 6-h exposure. Xanthan:gellan gum (1%:0.75%) was the most effective of the encapsulating materials tested in protecting L. plantarum and L.rhamnosus against simulated bile, improving its viability in 1-2 log CFU when compared with control. The results of this study suggest that microbial polymers aree an interesting source of encapsulating material that should be taken into account for prospective studies of probiotic encapsulation for oral delivery applications. ","palabras_clave":"MICROENCAPSULACION|LACTOBACILLUS|EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE|XANTHAN GUM: GELLAN GUM; PULLULAN GUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2370,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spray drying encapsulation of citral in sucrose or trehalose matrices:               Physicochemical and sensory characteristics","resumen":"DOI:10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2011.02721.x    The potential of the disaccharide trehalose as carrier for producing spray-dried citral was examined. Some physical and sensory characteristics of citral encapsulated in matrices containing either trehalose or sucrose and maltodextrin (MD) were analyzed. They included water sorption, glass transition temperatures (Tg), NMR relaxation, and citral retention during spray drying. The glassy state at room temperature (25 ºC) was maintained as far as 33 % RH for the spray dried trehalose formulation and 43 % RH for trehalose-MD; however for sucrose-MD and for sucrose formulations, the glassy state was limited to relative humidities lower than 33 % and 22 % RH, respectively. Sensory evaluation and gas chromatographic analysis indicated that citral retention after spray drying was similar for matrices containing either trehalose or sucrose. However, trehalose formulations had improved physical stability as compared to sucrose. ","palabras_clave":"SUCROSE|FLAVOUR|SPRAY DRYING|ENCAPSULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2373,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydraulic factors controlling the benthic invertebrate distribution within and among dunes of the Middle Paraná River (Argentina) and sampling techniques.","resumen":"Dunes are ubiquitous bed forms in river channels which deeply interact with the mean and turbulent flow dynamic. These interactions involve the intricate mechanisms governing the entrainment, transport, and deposition of bed sediment which are being studied since long time ago. However, the links between dunes and stream ecology, such as the benthic fauna distribution, was not yet investigated to the authors knowledge. This study aims to optimize the benthic sampling techniques on bed forms, and links the different hydraulic characteristics prevailing on crests and troughs of dunes and the invertebrate distribution on the Middle Paraná River (Argentina). It was also possible to have an insight of the invertebrate distribution living in these bed areas (i.e. crests and troughs) as well as the influence of dunes location on the channel bed. A significant distinction of benthic distribution (densities) on dunes, as a consequence of their location on the bed and hydraulic conditions, was found. The overall results showed a clear preference by invertebrates for the dune with lower bed shear stresses. The study concluded that dunes could be considered as biotopes hydraulically differentiated and, consequently, with a stratified benthic distribution. Consequently, to discriminate bottom areas, by an appropriate selection of the hydraulic variables over the associated geometry of dunes, is an effective way to reduce the variance and to increase the accuracy of benthic samplings in large rivers. ","palabras_clave":"BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES|DUNES GEOMETRY|HYDRODYNAMIC BED CONDITIONS|LARGE RIVERS|SAMPLING TECHNIQUES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2375,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aspectos generales de la Biología de Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) y situacion actual de la Varroosis en la provincia de Santa Fe","resumen":"La apicultura se ha convertido en los últimos años en una alternativa de producción a nivel regional. La Varroosis, enfermedad causada por el ácaro Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman) constituye la principal causa de pérdida de colmenas en la provincia de Santa Fe. Este ectoparásito afecta a las abejas melíferas (Apis mellifera L.) dañándolas directa e indirectamente, actuando como vector de otros patógenos dentro de la colonia. La gran capacidad de adaptación a su hospedador sumada a prácticas inadecuadas de manejo de las colmenas convirtió a la Varroosis en la principal amenaza para la actividad apícola. Este resumen es una descripción de la parasitosis, destacando  su relevancia sanitaria y productiva. Se aborda,  particularmente, el ciclo reproductivo de Varroa, la relación parásito-hospedador, los factores que afectan su dinámica poblacional y las estrategias de control que se emplean en la actualidad. ","palabras_clave":"Varroa destructor|apis mellifera|Varroosis|apicultura|manejo|Santa Fe"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2376,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ISLA DE CALOR  Y OCUPACIÓN ESPACIAL URBANA EN SAN JUAN - ARGENTINA. ANÁLISIS EVOLUTIVO","resumen":"            Se presentan resultados finales de un proyecto de  investigación bianual (2009-2010) denominado: VARIACIÓN HISTÓRICA Y ESPACIAL DE  LA ISLA DE CALOR URBANA EN ZONA ÁRIDA, financiado por la Universidad Nacional  de San Juan. Su objetivo principal es determinar la progresiva modificación de  la isla de calor urbana en un período de 15 años (1995- 2010) y la correlación  de ésta con la ocupación del Área Urbana del Gran San Juan (GSJ)&nbsp; Argentina, localizada en la diagonal árida de  Sudamérica. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la interrelación entre la  ocupación urbana y la espacialización de la isla de calor en la ciudad.  ","palabras_clave":"ÍNDICE URBANÍSTICO|ISLA DE CALOR|ZONAS ÁRIDAS|PLANIFICACIÓN URBANA SUSTENTABLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2377,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Participatory Projects In Rural Context: When A Good 'Face To Face' Comunication Is Not Enough","resumen":"This   paper is about the  use of new communication tools necessary for   projects that involve the participation  of large native populations. We   discuss two current cultural-archaeological  projects involving large   peasant and indigenous communities to the light of a  special   communication proposal to ensure people\u2019s participation","palabras_clave":"COMUNICACION RURAL|COMUNICACION PARTICIPATIVA|GESTION DEL PATRIMONIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2378,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"PECTÍNIDOS DE LA FORMACIÓN PARANÁ (MIOCENO) ENTRE RÍOS - ARGENTINA","resumen":"PECTÍNIDOS DE LA FORMACIÓN PARANÁ (MIOCENO) ENTRE RÍOS \u2013 ARGENTINA.- Se describen tres especies depectínidos (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) proveniente de la Formación Paraná (Mioceno) de la provincia de Entre Ríos. Estas sonAequipecten paranensis (d´Orbigny, 1842), Amusium darwinianum (d´Orbigny, 1842) y Flabellipecten oblongus (Philippi, 1893). Seenumeran las localidades donde se registran y la importancia de estos bivalvos en la determinación de las condicionespaleoambientales de la unidad cuando ésta se depositó.","palabras_clave":"Pectínidos|Mioceno|Formación Paraná|Entre Ríos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2379,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sauropod haemal arches: morphotypes, new classification and phylogenetic aspects","resumen":"Abstract. Sauropod haemal arches are caudal bony structures that traditionally have been incorporated into two different types observed in different anatomical views: Y-shaped (anterior view) and forked (lateral view). This research proposes a classification combining information observed in anterior and lateral views. Four types of ?Y-shaped? and six types of ?V-shaped? chevrons were recognized. Complete chevron series in some eusauropods allows the comparison of topological equivalent structures along the tail and also among taxa. A basal titanosaur from Argentina exhibits mid-caudal chevron morphology in which more than one cranial and caudal process is present, arising from the distal blades as well as from the proximal rami, a condition not seen before in a sauropod dinosaur. The morphological variability seen in sauropod chevrons along the tail is in close relationship with the development and distribution of M. caudofemoralis longus, as seen in extant crocodiles and as previously proposed for non-avian theropods and for caudal centra and transverse processes of sauropod dinosaurs. Two new characters related to middle chevrons are here proposed, in which the transitional morphology is described.","palabras_clave":"SAUROPODA|Y-SHAPED|V-SHAPED|FORKED"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2380,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estimación de la masa corporal en géneros del Orden Notoungulata","resumen":"Los Notoungulata son un grupo de mamíferos fósiles ampliamente diversos y sin representantes vivientes. Prácticamente no se disponen de estimaciones de la masa corporal para la mayoría de los géneros incluidos en este Orden, ni de un método objetivo para seleccionar los estimadores de masa. El objetivo del trabajo es estimar la masa corporal de los representantes del Orden Notoungulata y reconocer cuales son las mejores ecuaciones predictivas para tal fin, respecto a cada taxón en particular, a cada familia y al Orden en general. Se incluyen 535 ejemplares fósiles correspondientes a 50 géneros del orden. La masa corporal de cada género se estima sobre la base de 24 ecuaciones alométricas construidas en mamíferos vivientes, basadas en 19 medidas del esqueleto apendicular y tres medidas dentarias tomadas con calibre digital. El intervalo de masa corporal dado por los valores estimados para el orden se encuentra entre 0,57 kg en Archaeophylus (Interatheriidae) y 3797 Kg en Mixotoxodon (Toxodontidae), lo que refleja la gran diversidad de tamaños corporales que caracteriza al grupo. Los menores tamaños se dan en las familias Notostylopidae, Oldfieldthomasiidae, Archaeopithecidae, Interatheriidae, Archaeohyracidae y Hegetotheriidae; tamaños intermedios en los Notohippidae, Isotemnidae y Mesotheriidae y tamaños grandes en Homalodotheriidae. En los Leontiniidae y Toxodontidae los tamaños van de intermedios a grandes, siendo esta última la de mayor variación de masa y con los taxones de mayor tamaño. En comparación con los ungulados holárticos, los notoungulados presentan un intervalo más amplio y variable de masa corporal hacia las formas de menor tamaño y con mayor variedad funcional en las extremidades.","palabras_clave":"ECUACIONES ALOMÉTRICAS|ESTIMACIÓN DE MASA CORPORAL|NOTOUNGULATA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2381,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Difusión de la Innovación Tecnológica: El caso de la Siembra Directa en Argentina y su comparación con Brasil","resumen":"El presente trabajo pretende analizar y describir la difusión tecnológica de la siembra directa (SD) en Argentina dentro en el período 1978-2008, de modo de verificar si su adopción presenta el mismo comportamiento que en la industria, utilizando el modelo de la curva ?S? de difusión tecnológica (ROGERS, 1976). Se estudia la evolución de SD a nivel nacional y zonal, para un caso pionero del sudoeste (SO) bonarense, Argentina. Asimismo, se realiza una comparación con el patrón de evolución de esta tecnología en una zona productiva de Brasil: la región de Rio Grande do Sul. El método de investigación utilizado se basa en un estudio exploratorio de tipo cualitativo que emplea datos cuantitativos. Se utilizaron fuentes de información primarias, generadas a partir de entrevistas con preguntas semi-estructuradas. Se recurrió a fuentes de información secundaria, bibliográficas y documentales. Del análisis se desprende que la adopción de la SD sigue el formato de una curva tipo 'S' a nivel nacional. Similar comportamiento se observa en el caso de estudio del SO bonaerense, Argentina, que ha sido pionero en la implementación de SD en la región. En relación a la comparación con Brasil, se hallaron similitudes (forma de la curva tipo 'S', motivos y período de incorporación de la tecnología, dificultades en su implementación, grado de participación de instituciones en su difusión) y diferencias (participación relativa de la SD en la superficie total implantada, cantidad de actores involucrados en su difusión, entre otras) en el patrón de difusión de dicha tecnología.","palabras_clave":"SIEMBRA DIRECTA|DIFUSIÓN TECNOLÓGICA|BRASIL|ARGENTINA|CURVA 'S'"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2382,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Axonal transport of APP and the spatial regulation of APP cleavage and function in neuronal cells","resumen":"Over two decades have passed since the original discovery of amyloid   precursor protein (APP). While physiological function(s) of APP still   remain a matter of debate, consensus exists that the proteolytic   processing of this protein represents a critical event in the life of   neurons and that abnormalities in this process are instrumental in   Alzheimer´s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Specific molecular components   involved in APP proteolysis have been identified, and their enzymatic   activities characterized in great detail. As specific proteolytic   fragments of APP are identified and novel physiological effects for   these fragments are revealed, more obvious becomes our need to   understand the spatial organization of APP proteolysis. Valuable   insights on this process have been obtained through the study of   non-neuronal cells. However, much less is known about the topology of   APP processing in neuronal cells, which are characterized by their   remarkably complex cellular architecture and extreme degree of   polarization. In this review, we discuss published literature addressing   various molecular mechanisms and components involved in the trafficking   and subcellular distribution of APP and APP secretases in neurons.   These include the relevant machinery involved in their sorting, the   identity of membranous organelles in which APP is transported, and the   molecular motor-based mechanisms involved in their translocation. We   also review experimental evidence specifically addressing the processing   of APP at the axonal compartment. Understanding neuron-specific   mechanisms of APP processing would help illuminating the physiological   roles of APP-derived proteolytic fragments and provide novel insights on   AD pathogenesis.","palabras_clave":"APP|Transport|Proteolysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2383,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Close Range Stereophotogrammetry and Video Imagery Analyses in Soil Ecohydrology Modelling","resumen":"Ecohydrology is an emerging discipline in the environmental sciences. Soil micro-relief is of relevance to various ecohydrological processes such as rainwater redistribution, seed displacement through water runoff, water erosion and plant competition for water. Mechanical\u2013optical methods to characterise the soil surface and its incidence in these processes are time consuming and can produce modifications of soil relief. This research explores a methodology combining non-contact techniques (close range stereophotogrammetry and geostatistical modelling) for microtopographic description with video imagery analysis to formulate quantitative determination of surface water movement and infiltration in undisturbed field plots. The numerical quality of the results obtained was tested with ad hoc laboratory models representing various elementary landforms (basin, hill and ridge), as well as with infiltration runoff experiments in undisturbed field plots. The requirements to define a minimum set of properly oriented digital images to attain target precision thresholds in modelling soil microtopography for ecohydrological applications are shown as well as the conditions and experimental arrangement to obtain adequate video imagery of water movement on the soil surface. The use of geostatistical algorithms to analyse ecohydrological processes occurring at the soil surface is illustrated with results obtained from field plots. The methodology presented serves to characterise and quantify water-related ecological processes occurring at the soil surface while preserving undisturbed soil onditions. Potential applications are in ecohydrology, soil erosion science and environmental material transport studies.","palabras_clave":"CLOSE RANGE STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY|DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS|ECOHYDROLOGY|SOIL WATER|SOIL WATER RUNOFF"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2384,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reorganization of extracellular matrix in placentas from women with asymptomatic chagas disease: mechanism of parasite invasion or local placental defense?","resumen":"Chagas disease, produced by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), is one of the most frequent endemic diseases in Latin America. In spite the fact that in the past few years T. cruzi congenital transmission has become of epidemiological importance, studies about this mechanism of infection are scarce. In order to explore some morphological aspects of this infection in the placenta, we analyzed placentas from T. cruzi-infected mothers by immunohistochemical and histochemical methods. Infection in mothers, newborns, and placentas was confirmed by PCR and by immunofluorescence in the placenta. T. cruzi-infected placentas present destruction of the syncytiotrophoblast and villous stroma, selective disorganization of the basal lamina, and disorganization of collagen I in villous stroma. Our results suggest that the parasite induces reorganization of this tissue component and in this way may regulate both inflammatory and immune responses in the host. Changes in the ECM of placental tissues, together with the immunological status of mother and fetus, and parasite load may determine the probability of congenital transmission of T. cruzi.","palabras_clave":"NO POSEE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2385,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La dimensión espacial de las diferencias sociales. Alcances y limitaciones metodológico-conceptuales de las herramientas estadísticas para abordar la distribución espacial intraurbana","resumen":"  En el marco de procesos vinculados a la globalización de la economía, la sociedad y la cultura, con la emergencia de nuevas modalidades de producción y organización capitalista, se ha producido una redefinición de las estructuras y dinámicas urbanas. Ante este panorama, las ciencias sociales se encuentran con la renovada necesidad -y el constante desafío- de repensar la problemática de la distribución espacial de los individuos y grupos sociales en el espacio urbano. El presente trabajo revisa los aportes teóricos más recientes propuestos desde la geografía crítica y la sociología urbana, e interpela a las herramientas estadísticas disponibles reflexionando acerca sus alcances y limitaciones para dar cuenta de diferentes dimensiones de la espacialidad. Se concluye que existe una brecha entre los desarrollos teórico-conceptuales en torno al espacio y las herramientas estadísticas desarrolladas para medir sus dinámicas y características, donde el proceso de 'traducción' de los conceptos en hechos sociales medibles exalta el carácter físico del espacio urbano, dejando de lado aquellas cuestiones vinculadas a la experiencia y la interacción, en cuyo marco las diferencias y distancias se construyen.     INDEXADA EN: Latindex-Catálogo, Latindex-Directorio","palabras_clave":"DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL|HERRAMIENTAS TEÓRICAS|INDICADORES CUANTITATIVOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2386,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Renal cortex copper concentration in acute copper poisoning in calves.","resumen":"The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of renalcortex copper concentration in clinical cases of acute copper poisoning. Atotal of 92 dead animals were compiled in nine farms. At least, one necropsywas conducted in each case and samples for complementary analysis were taken.The degree of autolysis in each necropsy was evaluated. The cases appeared inextensive grazing calf breeding and intensive feedlot farms, animal?s weights rangedfrom 60 to 200 kg.The average kidney Cu concentrations were: 48.5, 34, 39 y 21.5 ppm (DM) in 0,1, 2, 3 of autolysis degrees respectively. This study shows a decrease (P =0.005) in the mean kidney copper concentration when the degree of autolysisincreases. As discrepancies regarding the reference value to be used arose, thelocal value (19.9 ppm) was used, confirming the diagnosis of acute copperpoisoning in 92% of the analyzed kidney samples. These results confirm the diagnostic value of kidney copper concentrationfor diagnosis, and also include the degree of autolysis as a distortion factor.","palabras_clave":"COPPER|CALVES|DIAGNOSIS|RENAL CORTEX|POISONING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2387,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"INTELIGENCIA TRIÁRQUICA. Cuando el pensar adopta múltiples modos\u2026","resumen":"El artículo describe las habilidades cognitivas de resolución de problemas presentes en alumnos universitarios estudiadas desde la perspectiva triárquica de la inteligencia postulada por Sternberg (1985). El objetivo que guía el estudio es saber si los universitarios cuentan con habilidades analíticas, prácticas y creativas como recursos cognitivos valoradas en tres dominios -verbal, numérico y figurativo- y cómo éstas se presentan cuando se las compara por campo disciplinar de estudio: Educación y Ciencia. La muestra está formada por un total de 67 alumnos que cursan carreras de grado en la Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Argentina. Para la recolección de datos se utiliza una adaptación del Test de Habilidades Triárquicas de Sternberg -STAT-. Los resultados indican algunas diferencias en torno a las habilidades presenten en uno u otro campo disciplinar. Obteniéndose diferencias significativas por dominio de estudio para los recursos analíticos-numéricos, prácticos-numéricos, prácticos-verbales y creativos-verbales.","palabras_clave":"INTELIGENCIA|PERSPECTIVA TRIÁRQUICA|EDUCACIÓN|ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2388,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Retrograde flow components in the brachial artery. A new hemodynamic index.","resumen":"Retrograde flow components in the brachial artery. A new hemodynamic index.      Mc Loughlin S1, Mc Loughlin MJ, Azzato F, Milei J.            Author information              Abstract            Arm   elevation induces diastolic retrograde flow in the brachial artery and   an incremental rise in arterial compliance in healthy subjects with no   modifications in vascular resistance. In contrast, changes in resistance   have been observed after handgrip exercise. Our objective was to   investigate if the resistance change induced by isometric handgrip   exercise is able to reverse diastolic retrograde flow induced by arm   elevation in a healthy population and to explore these adaptive changes   in hypertensive subjects. Arterial flow velocity Doppler measurements   were obtained including: (a) a baseline measurement, (b) measurement 30 s   after arm elevation, (c) measurement during handgrip maneuver with the   arm elevated, (d) measurement during handgrip release with the arm   elevated. Our findings showed that diastolic retrograde flow is induced   by arm elevation, partially increased by arm-up handgrip and completely   reversed during arm-up handgrip release both in healthy and hypertensive   subjects. As compared with normal subjects, deceleration time was   longer in the hypertensive subjects during baseline but not during the   arm-up stage, handgrip contraction and handgrip release stages. An   important increase in deceleration time values from baseline to arm-up   and handgrip contraction stages was observed in normal subjects but not   in the hypertensive group. We believe that the highly significant   difference in reactivity to postural changes observed in deceleration   time values constitutes a promising hemodynamic index to investigate.   Also, our observation of complete reversal of the retrograde flow during   arm-up handgrip release provides a new approach to postural and   exercise-induced vasomotor responses.PMID:22327914 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ","palabras_clave":"retrogade flow"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2389,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ab-initio approach to study hydrogen diffusion in 9Cr steels","resumen":"We calculate the equilibrium energies and migration barriers of Fe, Cr and H interstitial defects in alpha-FeX (X=Cr). We use the ab-initio electronic structure code, SIESTA, coupled to the monomer method  to find activated states (or migration barriers), in order to study atomic defects diffusion. Ab-initio calculations reveal that in the presence of Cr the H migration barriers are higher than in pure a-Fe. On  the other hand,our permeation tests on 9%Cr?91%Fe alloys reveal a permeation coefficient 10 times lower and a diffusion coefficient 200 times lower than in pure, annealed iron. Focusing on our experimental results, we explore very simple model of new H trapping sites and possible migration  paths that can explain the experimental observations.","palabras_clave":"AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS|9CR STEELS|MIGRATION BARRIERS|H TRAPPING SITES|DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2390,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fertile ground? Options for a science?policy platform for land","resumen":"AbstractThe United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) remains the only \u2018Rio Convention\u2019 that is not well served by the scientific community and lacks the equivalent of an IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) or the proposed IPBES (Intergovernmental Science\u2013Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services). The mounting pressures on land (and water) that can drive its degradation include population growth and associated food security concerns, over use, creeping degradation, competition between agriculture and renewable energy production, carbon sequestration and land acquisition by foreign entities. These environmental and human pressures clearly require urgent policy attention. We report the results of a survey of the scientific community on the need and possible options for a science\u2013policy platform that focuses on land. The paper then describes the remit and role of an independent platform, the benefits and possible modalities that are inclusive and build on existing institutional structures. Both short-term and longer term options are presented that can respond to immediate needs while establishing a mechanism that can handle the interacting and sometimes overlapping aspects of land covered by other Multilateral Environment Agreements (MEAs). Short-term options include establishing a platform via an ad hoc working group within the proposed IPBES that would feed its outputs into the UNCCD and other relevant MEAs. Long-term options include a more polycentric approach, establishing a network of networks that could evolve into a fully-fledged Independent Platform on Land Degradation given sufficient support, interest and leadership from the international and donor communities.","palabras_clave":"Land degradation\/desertification|Policy|Science\/policy\/platform"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2391,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El impacto de la independencia en las articulaciones y desarticulaciones regionales: ensayo comparativo entre la región Río de la Plata y la región salto-jujeña","resumen":"A fines del Antiguo Régimen se advierte un dinamismo en las economías regionales. La crisis de la monarquía y la violencia instalada de modo durable en América trajeron consigo la desarticulación, algunas veces temporaria y otras, definitiva, de espacialidades económicas y políticas consolidadas durante el período borbónico y la estructuración de nuevas espacialidades en función de la coyuntura. Nos proponemos analizar de manera comparativa cómo se insertan en estos procesos la región portuaria del Río de la Plata y la región andina-rioplatense.","palabras_clave":"REGIONES|SIGLO XIX|ARTICULACIONES ECONOMICAS|RIO DE LA PLATA  SALTA JUJUY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2392,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Resistencia a antimicrobianos en aislamientos de Escherichia coli de origen animal","resumen":"Se determinó el perfil de susceptibilidad a antimicrobianos de 100 aislamientos de E.coli provenientesde diversas patologías en bovinos, equinos, caninos y felinos, siguiendo metodología del Clinical andLaboratory Standards Institute y detectando la aparición de aislamientos multiresistentes. El panelde antibióticos ensayados incluyó amicacina, ampicilina\/sulbactama, cefotaxima, ciprofloxacina,cloranfenicol, colistina, estreptomicina, gentamicina, nitrofurantoína, tetraciclina, trimetoprima\/sulfametoxazol. El mayor porcentaje de resistencia (R) se detectó frente a tetraciclina en aislamientosde todas las especies animales (entre 34% en los de origen felino y 75% de origen equino). En las cepasde origen canino y felino se encontraron porcentajes considerables frente ampicilina\/ sulbactama(27% de caninos y 53% de felinos) y ante ciprofloxacina (30% y 67% respectivamente). En estosaislamientos también, se detectó el mayor porcentaje de multiresistencia (29% en caninos y 67% enfelinos). La presión selectiva originada por la aplicación inadecuada de antibióticos puede resultarun factor, aunque no el único, responsable de la aparición de R. Además existe la posibilidad de queE.coli pueda constituirse en un eslabón de transmisión de genes de R a antimicrobianos, aunque nose conoce hasta el momento, el origen de ellos, humano o animal y, su permanencia en el tiempo.","palabras_clave":"ANTIMICROBIANO|RESISTENCIA|E. COLI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2393,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New species of Antomicron and Leptolaimus (Nematoda: Leptolaimidae) and record of Procamacolaimus (Nematoda: Camacolaimidae) from Patagonia coast, Chubut and Santa Cruz, Argentina.","resumen":"Antomicron,  Leptolaimus and Procamacolaimus of  Patagonian, Chubut and Santa Cruz provinces of Argentina,  providing a review of their taxonomy or a new identification key. One new species belonging to the genus Antomicron and one new species belonging to the genus span. Leptolaimus of the family Leptolaimidae are described from Puerto San Julián, Santa  Cruz province.  Antomicron  alveolatum sp. nov. has 35 alveoli and three precloacal supplements and  Leptolaimus  gabinoi sp. nov. is characterized by the structure and number of  precloacal supplements (three) with hamate distal end with two hooks. Another species belonging to the genus Procamacolaimus of the family Camacolaimidae, described and recorded from Puerto  Madryn, Chubut province of Argentina: Procamacolaimus dorylaimus .","palabras_clave":"DESCRIPTION|SYSTEMATICS|KEY TO SPECIES|PATAGONIAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2394,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Yuppies, Junkies, and Mules: Narcotic Subjectivities, Dialectical Images, and Contemporary Art in Córdoba (Argentina)","resumen":"Abstract:&nbsp;Any analysis of contemporary societies lacks     objectivity if it omits the production, distribution, and consumption   on   a planetary scale of psychoactive substances considered illegal by     nation states and international organizations. In the management of     these 'illegal molecules' dissolved in the humors that constitute the     inner space of subjects, a ?war machine? has been installed that is     capable of 'exciting' both life and death. What subjectivities might     such an active&nbsp;narco-machine produce in the capitalism of the     first decade of the 21st century? This matter is considered through an     ethnography of the nightly consumption habits of youths in the city of     Córdoba and their experiences of cocaine use. As a counterpoint, the     essay then examines the work of the Argentinean artist Adriana Bustos   as   she critically explores the relationship between colonial biomules   and   contemporary&nbsp;narcomules.","palabras_clave":"Narcotrafic|Contemporary Art|Subjetivity|Performance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2395,"idioma_id":10,"titulo":"Instrumentación, Control y Telesupervisión en Centrales Térmicas de Pequeña Potencia","resumen":"La empresa Energía Argentina S. A. (ENARSA) cuenta con centrales termoeléctricas distribuidas en todo el país con el fin de disminuir los problemas energéticos. Actualmente, la empresa cursa un proceso de mejora en la gestión del sistema de transporte, control del stock y consumo de combustible. El Laboratorio de Sistemas de Control (LSC) de la UTN Regional Santa Fe colabora activamente en este proceso y propone en este trabajo la adecuación de las centrales, para poder integrarlas a un sistema de Control Supervisor y Adquisición de Datos (SCADA) de administración y gestión de combustible. Contribuyendo de este modo a lograr una máxima eficiencia en las operaciones de las centrales eléctricas asegurando la optimización en la utilización de los recursos disponibles. Este sistema toma el nombre de Sistema Integral de Supervisión (SIS). Los criterios de diseño y selección de la arquitectura de la red de comunicaciones, la instrumentación y los sistemas de control correspondientes a las Centrales Térmicas (CT) propuestas en este trabajo, otorgan al sistema de telesupervisión una amplia flexibilidad y posibilidades de expansión.","palabras_clave":"COMBUSTIBLES|CENTRALES|INSTRUMENTACION|SCADA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2396,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El imperialismo y el sector agroindustiral argentino: ideas, referencias y debates para reactivar una vieja agenda de investigación","resumen":"      La presencia del capital extranjero en la economía  constituye un rasgo saliente de la evolución y el desarrollo del capitalismo  argentino. Dicho fenómeno se manifiesta, de modo particular, en el sector  agroindustrial; pudiéndose observar una estructuración económica dependiente en  distintos eslabonamientos, tanto ?aguas arriba? como ?aguas abajo? de la  producción primaria.      Si bien los orígenes en los cuales fueron modelándose  las formas bajo las cuales los capitales foráneos alcanzaron predominio pueden  remontarse al desarrollo del modo de producción capitalista en la Argentina  moderna hacia fines del siglo XIX, los niveles de extranjerización no han sido  lineales y los rasgos predominantes de los últimos años encierran interrogantes  específicos acerca de la relación entre las políticas socioeconómicas,  desarrollo agrario y la estructuración económica dependiente.       En esta dirección, el presente trabajo tiene por  objetivo analizar la incidencia del capital extranjero en el sector  agroindustrial argentino, lo cual nos enfrenta con los rasgos de su penetración  bajo distintos modelos económicos, los antecedentes de la tradición antiimperialista  en términos de pensamiento académico y político, los hitos y las referencias del  fenómeno contextualizados en la larga duración (1880-2010), la caracterización  de la dinámica de la participación foránea en el sector y las consecuencias  socioeconómicas y políticas de la dependencia extranjera.   ","palabras_clave":"CAPITAL EXTRANJERO|SECTOR AGROINDUSTRIAL ARGENTINO|IMPERIALISMO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2397,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Design Concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA, An Advanced Facility for Ground-Based High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy","resumen":"Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the   impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric   Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge   potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an   international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a   factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range   and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA   will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full   sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of   CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on   the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA. © 2011 The   Author(s).","palabras_clave":"GROUND BASED GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY|NEXT GENERATION CHERENKOV TELESCOPES|DESIGN CONCEPTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2398,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dispositivos pedagógicos, territorio y desigualdad. Un estudio en escuelas de EGB de la provincia de Santa Cruz","resumen":"        En este trabajo nos proponemos  presentar resultados de un trabajo de investigación realizado en torno de las  características que asumen los dispositivos pedagógicos en el presente  atendiendo, entre otros aspectos, a los procesos de reconfiguración de los  territorios urbanos. Enmarcados en los estudios de gubernamentalidad y a través  de las nociones de gerenciamiento&nbsp; y re  territorialización hacemos énfasis en las características que presentan los  procesos de re-territorialización urbana&nbsp; en directa relación con las particularidades  que en el presente, luego de años de crisis y reformas, están asumiendo los  dispositivos escolares. En la formulación del trabajo de investigación hemos  entendido que el estudio de los procesos de re-territorialización es un eje  fundamental para la comprensión de los procesos de producción y reproducción de  la desigualdad social y educativa. Ello principalmente debido a los procesos metropolización  selectiva (Prevot Schapira, 2001) que caracterizan el crecimiento de las  ciudades en el siglo XXI. En este marco se discutirán resultados obtenidos a  través de un estudio que se realizó en escuelas de nivel primario y secundaria  básica ubicadas en diferentes localidades de la provincia de Santa Cruz. Se  trabajará con dos fuentes principales: por un lado, una caracterización de los  distintos emplazamientos urbanos realizada sobre la base de un proceso de  geo-referenciación de 6 ciudades de la provincia y, por el otro, el análisis de  aspectos ligados con el vínculo escuela-territorio de encuestas realizadas a  alumnos, padres y docentes. ","palabras_clave":"Escolarización|Sociedades de gerenciamiento|gubernamentalidad|metropolización selectiva"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2399,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Enseñanza y Evaluación de Competencias en Medicina Veterinaria","resumen":"El presente trabajo se orientó a determinar el grado de correlación entre las estrategias educativas instrumentadas por las diferentes asignaturas de la carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV) de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), así como la manera en que las mismas se desplegaron para fomentar el desarrollo de competencias profesionales y las modalidades aplicadas para evaluar las competencias logradas por los alumno. Se revisaron objetivos de enseñanza, contenidos  y articulación de los mismos. Se evaluó el profesorado, sus estilos de enseñanza y las teorías implícitas y explícitas subyacentes en las propuestas de enseñanza.","palabras_clave":"Enseñanza|Evaluación|Competencias"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2400,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CD137 differentially regulates innate and adaptive immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis","resumen":"Protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is primarily mediated by the interaction of antigen-specific T cells and APC, which often depends on the interplay of cytokines produced by these cells.  Costimulatory signals represent a complex network of receptor-ligand interactions that qualitatively and quantitatively influence immune responses.  Thus, here we investigated the function of CD137 and CD137L, molecules known to play a central role in immune regulation, during human tuberculosis.  We demonstrated that specific antigen-stimulation increased both CD137 and CD137L expression on monocytes and NK cells from tuberculosis patients and healthy donors, but only up-regulated CD137 on T lymphocytes.  Blockage of the CD137 pathway enhanced the levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha produced by monocytes and NK against M. tuberculosis.  In contrast, CD137 blockage significantly decreased the specific degranulation of CD8+ T cells and the percentage of specific IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha producing lymphocytes against the pathogen.  Furthermore, inhibition of the CD137 pathway markedly increased T cell apoptosis.  Taken together, our results demonstrate that CD137:CD137L interactions regulate the innate and adaptive immune response of the host against M. tuberculosis.","palabras_clave":"TUBERCULOSIS|COSTIMULATION|IMMUNITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2401,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Restricción alimenticia en ovinos: respuesta endocrino-metabólica dependiente de las reservas corporales","resumen":"as respuestas metabólicas a los cambios en el estado corporal podrían   depender de la historia meta-bólica reciente (nivel de alimentación,   efecto dinámico) o más antigua (reservas corporales, efecto es-tático),   concepto denominado 'memoria metabólica'. El objetivo de este trabajo   fue estudiar la respuesta endocrino-metabólica a una restricción   alimenticia en ovejas con diferente condición corporal (CC) al inicio   del experimento. Durante la estación reproductiva, 36 ovejas Rasa   Aragonesa fueron separadas en 2 grupos con diferente CC: CC > 2,75   (moderadamente alta, A, 2,9 ± 0,04) y CC < 2,25 (moderadamente baja,   B, 2,1 ± 0,04). Durante 20 días, ambos grupos recibieron una dieta para   cubrir los requerimientos de mantenimiento de energía y proteína, tras   lo cual se asignaron al azar a dos tratamientos nutricionales: 1,5   (control, C) o 0,5 (subnutrición, S) veces los requerimientos de   mantenimiento diario, estableciéndose cuatro grupos: altas control (AC, n   = 9), altas subnutridas (AS, n = 10), bajas control (BC, n = 9) y bajas   subnutridas (BS, n = 8). Se determinó el peso vivo (PV) y los niveles   plasmáticos de glucosa, ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE),   3-hidroxibutirato (BHB), insulina, leptina y factor de crecimiento   similar a la insulina tipo 1 (IGF-I). Los grupos BS y AS perdieron peso,   el grupo BC lo ganó y las ovejas AC lo mantuvieron. La concentración   plasmática de glucosa fue mayor y los AGNE menor en las ovejas   controles. Las ovejas de alta CC presentaron mayores concentraciones de   insulina y de IGF-I, y la leptina tendió a ser mayor en estos animales. A   su vez, la insulina fue mayor en los animales controles, mientras que   las otras hormonas no fueron afectadas por el tratamiento. Los perfiles   de glucosa, BHB, insulina e IGF-I estuvieron afectados por la CC inicial   y el tratamiento nutricional, como así lo demuestra la interacción   significativa entre estos factores y días. Se evidenció un aumento en el   momento del celo de las concentraciones de los metabolitos (glucosa y   BHB) y de las hormonas metabólicas (insulina e IGF-I). En conclusión, en   este estudio se encontró que los perfiles de glucosa, BHB, insulina e   IGF-I varían de forma diferente frente a una restricción alimenticia en   función del grado de reservas corporales de las ovejas en el momento de   iniciarse la restricción alimenticia.","palabras_clave":"nutricion|AGNE|IGF-1|oveja"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2402,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ANALISIS MICROBIOLOGICO EN YERBA MATE COMPUESTA.","resumen":"Se estudiaron 41 muestras de yerba matecompuesta (YMC) de Posadas, Misiones, Argentina: 21 muestras conteniendo menosde 15% de hierbas (YMC&lt;15%) y 20 muestras con más de 15% (YMC&gt;15%). Elanálisis microbiológico se realizó mediante recuentos de bacterias aeróbicasmesófilas totales (BAMT), coliformes totales (CT), coliformes termotolerantes(CTT), mohos y levaduras (RML) y detección de Escherichia coli.Los recuentos microbiológicos presentaronvalores en promedio para YMC&lt;15%: BAMT=2,0x106 UFC\/g, CT=8.7x102 NMP\/g,CTT=7.8x102 NMP\/g y RML=7,8x104 UFC\/g. Para YMC&gt;15%:BAMT=3,4x106 UFC\/g, CT=6.8x102 NMP\/g, CTT=3.4 x101NMP\/g y RML=1,0x105 UFC\/g. En YMC&gt;15% se detectó Escherichiacoli. YMC presenta una importante contaminación microbiana, siendo mayor enYMC&gt;15%. Los parámetros microbiológicos analizados son superiores a losreportados en yerba mate elaborada destacando la importancia de realizarcontroles microbiológicos en YMC.","palabras_clave":"YERBA MATE COMPUESTA|HIERBAS SÁPIDO AROMÁTICAS|ANÁLISIS MICROBIOLÓGICO|CONTAMINACIÓN MICROBIANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2403,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Recent developments on the South American Monsoon System","resumen":"              This paper reviews recent progress made in our   understanding of the functioning and variability of the South American   Monsoon System (SAMS) on time scales varying from synoptic to long-term   variability and climate change. The SAMS contains one of the most   prominent summertime climate patterns in South America, featuring a   strong seasonal variability in a region lying between the Amazon and the   La Plata Basin. Much of the recent progress is derived from   complementary international programs, such as the Monsoon Experiment   South America (MESA), as well as from ongoing international programs   such as the Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon   Basin (LBA) and the La Plata Basin (LPB) Regional Hydroclimate Project,   which includes the CLARIS LPB Europe-South America Network for Climate   Change Assessment and Impact Studies in La Plata Basin Project. The   latter assesses atmosphere-land surface interactions, the role of land   use changes and aerosols from biomass burning considered as sources of   variability and change in the SAMS functioning, characteristics and   behaviour.                            The SAMS region is particularly   susceptible to variations of climate due to the importance of   hydroelectricity generation and the agricultural base of local   economies. Also addressed in this report are projections of climate   change and extremes, which are important for impact and vulnerability   assessments. This discussion includes the need to identify and   understand important processes that control the monsoonal climate, how   these processes may vary and change, and how they may interact with key   societal sectors, including water resource management, hydroelectric   generation, agriculture, and agribusiness.This   paper reports on the major contributions of MESA to the knowledge of   characteristics, functioning and variability of the SAMS, and is based   on recent studies and publications, and can be considered as an update   of a previous review by C. S. Vera et al. (2006a)","palabras_clave":"South American monsoon|climate change|climate variability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2404,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vascular smooth muscle activation improves aortic compliance with respect to mechanical loading.","resumen":"During a pressure rise, the aortic enlargement is followed by an arterial compliance reduction. For elevated pressure levels, vascular smooth muscle (VSM) activation produces an arterial compliance improvement. To better understand this observation, we studied the aortic elasticity function during high pressure states with and without VSM activation. Simultaneous aortic pressure and diameter were measured in conscious dogs. Animals were separated into groups corresponding to different types of VSM activation: PHE group (phenylephrine 5 lg\/kg\/min, n = 7) and RAS group (renin-angiotensin system stimulation via renal vasoconstriction, n = 7). An arterial biphasic elasticity function was adjusted with a mechanical occlusion intervention. Pressure-diameter loops were compared isobarically between VSM activation and mechanical occlusion. In the PHE group, activation increased aortic distension from 2.6 ± 0.7% to 5.4 ± 1.0% (p&lt;0.01) and compliance from 0.30 ± 0.07 mm2\/mmHg to 0.58 ± 0.11 mm2\/mmHg (p&lt; 0.01). Similarly, in the RAS group, aortic distension increased from 4.8 ± 1.5% to 7.4 ± 2.4% (p&lt;0.05) and compliance from 0.48 ± 0.18 mm2\/mmHg to 0.70 ± 0.28 mm2\/mmHg (p&lt;0.05). When VSM activation produces an arterial pressure rise concomitant with an aortic wall contraction, arterial compliance and distension increase with respect to an isobaric mechanical occlusion. The assessment of the aortic geometry helps to explaining the cardiovascular system behavior during acute and chronic high-pressure states.","palabras_clave":"Aortic elasticity|Conscious animals|Arterial compliance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2405,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dependencia e indeterminación en la lógica de segundo orden","resumen":"En estre trabajo presento dos objeciones al presunto estatus lógico de la noción de consecuencia de segundo orden y defiendo estas objeciones de algunas réplicas. La primera objeción tiene que ver con la indeterminación de la noción de consecuencia de segundo orden. La segunda está vinculada a la similitud de la lógica de segundo orden con ciertas teorías infinitarias.  ","palabras_clave":"Lógica de segundo orden|Teoría de conjuntos|Lógica infinitaria |Consecuencia lógica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2406,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las especies amenazadas como hipótesis: problemas y sesgos en su categorización ejemplificados con las serpientes de la Argentina","resumen":"Las especies amenazadas (EA) son aquellas que tienen una elevada probabilidad de extinción o que se aproximan a dicha situación de continuar las presiones directas sobre éstas o sus hábitats. Partiendo de esta definición revisamos problemas y sesgos en las categorías de amenaza  de las serpientes argentinas y discutimos ejemplos en donde cambios taxonómicos (deficiencias linneanas), vacíos en el conocimiento sobre la distribución (deficiencias wallaceanas) y sobre característicass bio-ecológicas (deficiencias haeckelianas) generaron sesgos en las asignaciones de sus categorías de conservación. Discutimos que las especies amenazadas deben ser enunciadas como hipótesis, analizando científicamente la información cuantitativa y\/o cualitativa sobre su distribución geográfica, tamaño y tendencias poblacionales y características bio-ecológicas que las hacen vulnerables ante efectos antropogénicos, lo que permitirá rechazar o no su inclusión como EA. Como en todos los esquemas hipotéticodeductivos se pueden cometer errores de tipo I (rechazar una hipótesis nula verdadera) y de tipo II (no rechazar una hipótesis nula falsa), el de tipo II implica afirmar que una especie no está amenazada cuando sí lo está, lo que podría implicar su extinción sin acciones de conservación, por lo que se sugiere utilizar el principio de precaución ante la duda. La categorización de especies amenazadas debería basarse en información e interpretaciones científicas (verificables) que correspondan a disciplinas de las ciencias biológicas (ecología, biogeografía, biología y sistemática), debiéndose explicitar la metodología, definiciones, grado de incertidumbre y calidad de la información utilizada. Se deben seguir estándares científicos que  minimicen sesgos o errores innecesarios tales como: (1) diseños y análisis adecuados para estimaciones poblacionales, (2) revisión de pares, (3) consenso de múltiples evaluadores, (4) uso de manuales de entrenamiento y de métodos formales para estimar parámetros que ayuden  a representar las incertidumbres, y (5) reporte de los inconvenientes y decisiones tomadas. Es deseable minimizar la influencia de factores políticos, sociales y económicos en el proceso de evaluación, tales factores sí deben ser considerados en los esfuerzos de conservación  de las especies amenazadas.","palabras_clave":"ESPECIES AMENAZADAS|CATEGORIZACION|SERPIENTES|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2407,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Use of Peninsula Valdes (Patagonia Argentina) by migrating Red Knots (Calidris canutus rufa).","resumen":"Red Knots (Calidris canutus rufa) that winter in southern South America stop on Peninsula Valdes, Patagonian Argentina, on their northern passage. The Peninsula comprises two large gulfs, each of which has two high and two low tides per day; high tides in San José Gulf correspond to low tides in Nuevo Gulf and vice versa. We conducted weekly censuses of Red Knots on several beaches on these gulfs between March and May in 2006 and 2007 and observed marked individuals. We undertook an aerial survey of the coasts of the two gulfs each April. The use of the different beaches on the two gulfs by Red Knots varied signi&#64257; cantly in both years of the study, and the patterns of use differed between 2006 and 2007. In both years, maximum numbers of Red Knots were counted in April. Observations of marked individuals con &#64257; rmed that Red Knots use more than one beach on Peninsula Valdes, and on one occasion marked individuals were seen on the same day using beaches on both gulfs, thereby maximising their foraging time. Our observations suggest that Peninsula Valdes is an important place on the northern migration route of Red Knots. ","palabras_clave":"BEACH USE|CONSERVATION|ECOLOGY|MIGRATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2408,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measuring Leaf Area in Soy Plants by HSI Color Model Filtering and Mathematical Morphology","resumen":"There has been lately a significant progress in automating tasks for the agricultural sector. One of the advances is the development of robots, based on computer vision, applied to care and management of soy crops. In this task, digital image processing plays an important role, but must solve some important problems, like the ones associated to the variations in lighting conditions during image acquisition. Such variations influence directly on the brightness level of the images to be processed. In this paper we propose an algorithm to segment and measure automatically the leaf area of soy plants. This information is used by the specialists to evaluate and compare the growth of different soy genotypes. This algorithm, based on color filtering using the HSI model, detects green objects from the image background. The segmentation of leaves (foliage) was made applying Mathematical Morphology. The foliage area was estimated counting the pixels that belong to the segmented leaves. From several experiments, consisting in applying the algorithm to measure the foliage of about fifty plants of various genotypes of soy, at different growth stages, we obtained successful results, despite the high brightness variations and shadows in the processed images.","palabras_clave":"HSI COLOR MODEL|MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2409,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Identification of motility clusters per area in surfaces colonized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa","resumen":"  The biofilms are involved in pathogenesis and antibiotic persistence and  resistance. The number of cells of a given species that will adhere to surfaces depends  not only on the affinity of the cells but also on their number available for attachment.  Therefore, the quick identification of the motile microorganism?s area should be of  great interest. The analysis of bacterial spatial patterns at the initial stage of biofilm  formation is very important to know the success of the bacterial colonization. We  propose a post processing method capable to distinguish motile microorganisms area  of colonization in dynamic speckle images by applying Mathematical Morphologic  techniques. The methodology would be effective for segmenting, detecting and  describing patterns of colonization known not to be completely spatially random. The  presented method is fast, reproducible, convenient, robust, and can be used to control  the pattern, spacing, and orientation between colonies of different bacteria in order to  prevent biofilm development.","palabras_clave":"COLONIZED|COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING|MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2410,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Inversión tectónica y variaciones estructurales a lo largo del Valle del Tonco, Valles Calchaquíes ? Noroeste de la Argentina.","resumen":"La cubierta sedimentaria de los Valles Calchaquíes está constituida pordos rellenos sedimentarios principales. El más antiguo corresponde a la cuenca del rift cretácico(Cretácico-Eoceno) representada por el Grupo Salta y el más joven pertenece a lacuenca del antepaís andino (Eoceno-Plioceno) representada por el Grupo Payogastilla. Recientementeha sido registrada, en la región, una discordancia que separa los dos grupos y sehallaron estructuras de crecimiento en la base del Grupo Payogastilla lo que evidencia unevento de deformación Eoceno. Parte de las fallas que generaron las estructuras de crecimientomencionadas actuaron como fallas normales durante el rift cretácico y se invirtierondurante el Eoceno. Entre los Valles Calchaquíes se encuentra el valle del Tonco, el cual preservaafloramientos del Grupo Salta y del Grupo Payogastilla en una estructura sinclinal N-S.Limitando la estructura se presentan dos fallas inversas de vergencia occidental, la fallaCalchaquí y la falla Tonco, ambas con rumbo N-S, las que han sido interpretadas como fallasnormales del rift cretácico. Se presenta en este trabajo una descripción detallada de lasvariaciones estructurales a lo largo del rumbo del sinclinal, con lo que se interpretó al menosdos direcciones estructurales, una definida por el Grupo Salta y otra por el Grupo Payogastillaque evidencia y refuerza la discordancia que separa estos grupos. Así mismo, son descriptosrasgos estructurales\/estratigráficos típicos de inversión tectónica que permitieroninterpretar que la falla Tonco fue una falla normal y la falla Calchaquí fue el borde de un hemigrabendurante el Cretácico, las cuales se habrían invertido durante el Eoceno","palabras_clave":"Cuenca de Antepaís|discordancias|estructural|NO Argentino"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2411,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Neo-Developmentalism Beyond Neoliberalism? Capitalist Crisis and Argentina's Development Since the 1990s","resumen":"&lt;!-- \/* Font Definitions *\/@font-face\t{font-family:SimSun;\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\tmso-font-alt:&#23435;&#20307;;\tmso-font-charset:128;\tmso-generic-font-family:auto;\tmso-font-format:other;\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\tmso-font-signature:1 134676480 16 0 131072 0;}@font-face\t{font-family:'Times New Roman \\(Arabic\\)';\tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;\tmso-font-alt:Cambria;\tmso-font-charset:178;\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\tmso-font-format:other;\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\tmso-font-signature:8193 0 0 0 64 0;} \/* Style Definitions *\/p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\t{mso-style-parent:'';\tmargin:0cm;\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\ttext-align:justify;\tmso-pagination:none;\tmso-layout-grid-align:none;\ttext-autospace:ideograph-other;\tfont-size:12.0pt;\tfont-family:'Times New Roman \\(Arabic\\)';\tmso-ascii-font-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;\tmso-hansi-font-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-ansi-language:ES-AR;\tmso-fareast-language:ES-MX;}@page Section1\t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;\tmargin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;\tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;\tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;\tmso-paper-source:0;}div.Section1\t{page:Section1;}--&gt;In a recentreview article, Jeff Webber discusses a new contribution to the analysis ofneostructuralism (Webber, 2010). As such, neostructuralism is described as theideological and theoretical underpinning of most of the new \u201Cprogressive\u201Dgovernments that have been gaining support in several countries in LatinAmerica, as part of the so-called pink tide. We believe such a discussion isvery relevant to understand the nature of current socio-politicaltransformations in the sub-continent particularly in the midst of the deepcrisis of dominant capitalist spaces. As part of this debate we present acontribution that attempts to shed some light on Argentina\u2019s conjuncture. Wefeel that the debate is particularly important especially regarding the natureof changes in the process of capitalist development in Argentina and the roleof social forces in such changes. Clarifying the nature of the debate is ofgreat relevance for all the new radical sociopolitical movements that areworking towards social change in the region.This articleis structured as follows. In section 2 we briefly describe the process ofcrisis of neoliberalism in Argentina and the original constitution of neo-developmentalism.In section 3 we present the main novelties regarding public policies discussingits ties to structural continuities and changes. In section 4 we discuss theway in which contradictions of this new form of capitalist development manifestand move. Finally, in section 5 we present some preliminary conclusions.","palabras_clave":"neodevelopmentalism|argentina|crisis|neoliberalism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2412,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Res computans: The living subject from yeast to human","resumen":"Since modernity, the concept of subject supposes both an anthropocentric and a dualistic view of life and reality. In this study, we carry out an analytic interpretation of the Descartes? notion of subject, in order to build a different dimension of the concept of subject. We discuss the activity of computing, as the manner by which the living subject relates with and in-forms the world. We further examine computing in the aging yeast as an example of living subject and we try to comprehend the maturity of the subjectivity in Descartes? res cogitans and in ourproposed res computans.","palabras_clave":"AGING|CARTESIAN COGITO|CELL SURVIVAL|COGNITION|SUBJECTIVITY|ONTOLOGY OF LIVING BEINGS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2413,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Retaining principal components for discrete variables","resumen":"The present study discusses retention criteria for principal components analysis (PCA) applied to Likert scale items typical in psychological questionnaires. The main aim is to recommend applied researchers to restrain from relying only on the eigenvalue-than-one criterion; alternative procedures are suggested for adjusting for sampling error. An additional objective is to add evidence on the consequences of applying this rule when PCA is used with discrete variables. The experimental conditions were studied by means of&nbsp; Monte Carlo sampling including several sample sizes, different number of variables and answer alternatives, and four non-normal distributions. The results suggest that even when all the items and thus the underlying dimensions are independent, eigenvalues greater than one are frequent and they can explain up to 80% of the variance in data, meeting the empirical criterion. The consequences of using Kaiser´s rule are illustrated with a clinical psychology example. The size of the eigenvalues resulted to be a function of the sample sizeand the number of variables, which is also the case for parallel analysis as previous research shows. To enhance the application of alternative criteria, an R package was developed for deciding the number of principal components to retain by means of confidence intervals constructed about the eigenvalues corresponding to lack of relationship between discrete variables.Keywords: principal components analysis, eigenvalues, parallel analysis, discrete items.","palabras_clave":"PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS (PCA)|RETAINING COMPONENTS CRITERIA|DISCRETE VARIABLES|EINGENVALUES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2414,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales para Analizar la Relación entre la Reflexividad-Impulsividad y las Funciones Ejecutivas en Niños Escolares","resumen":"Se analizan las relaciones existentes entre el estilo cognitivo Reflexividad-Impulsividad   (R-T) y las funciones ejecutivas (FE) en escolares de 8-12 años de edad. Asimismo   se examina la relación entre estos constructos y la atención para estudiar las posibles   variables mediadoras de esta asociación. Se administró el test de emparejamiento de   figuras conocidas (MFFT-20) para medir la R-I, el test de atención d2 para valorar la   atención, y tests neuropsicológicos sensibles al funcionamiento del córtex prefrontal para   valorar las FE. Los resultados indican que existe una asociación significativa entre la   R-I y el funcionamiento ejecutivo. El análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) de ajuste   más satisfactorio señala a la R-I como un constructo asociado al desempeño ejecutivo   pero separado. Además, los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) blindan apoyo a   la hipótesis que indica que la R-I tendría efectos directos sobre el desempeño ejecutivo,   e indirectos a través de las estrategias atencionales empleadas. Los resultados sugieren   que un alto grado de impulsividad cognitiva podría interferir en el desempeño ejecutivo   y apuntan a la importancia de aumentar la disposición reflexiva en el ámbito educativo.   Palabras claves: reflexividad-impulsividad, funciones ejecutivas, atención, neuropsicología   infantil.","palabras_clave":"REFLEXIVIDAD-IMPULSIVIDAD|FUNCIONES EJECUTIVAS|ATENCION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2415,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Sobre la observación participante en la Escuela de Chicago: un análisis de las monografías fundacionales","resumen":"La idea de una Escuela Sociológica de Chicago en el período de entreguerras ha resultado persistente ?en el marco de una interpretación que podríamos considerar clásica? bajo el supuesto lugar privilegiado que ésta tuvo en el desarrollo de los métodos cualitativos de investigación social (en general) y de la observación participante (en particular). Sin embargo, algunos de los autores que han avanzado en la reconstrucción de la historia de los métodos de investigación sociológica han cuestionado que se trate de métodos cualitativos en el sentido actual, presentando así una interpretación revisionista de la Escuela y de sus aportes metodológicos.Teniendo en cuenta esta tensión entre interpretaciones clásicas y revisionistas, en este artículo nos proponemos caracterizar las prácticas de investigación de campo (fieldwork) desplegadas en las monografías chicaguenses (tesis doctorales) que luego serían tomadas como hitos fundacionales de la observación participante sociológica por parte de los mentores de la interpretación clásica.Estas prácticas observacionales aplicadas en la investigación empírica de Chicago son interpretadas a partir de dos dimensiones: por una parte desde el punto de vista instrumental\/operativo (técnico), recurriendo a la tipología desarrollada por Gold (1958) en su célebre artículo sobre los roles de observación y participación. Por otra parte, desde el punto de vista teórico-epistemológico, teniendo en cuenta su relación con supuestos objetivistas\/cientificistas o interpretativos\/cualitativos.Esta doble dimensión del análisis (epistemológico\/técnico) permite mediar entre las versiones clásicas y revisionistas de la Escuela de Chicago, destacando la aplicación pionera en este contexto de técnicas análogas (al menos superficialmente) a la moderna observación participante (aspecto técnico), pero fundamentadas en general a partir de postulados objetivistas y cientificistas, y no en el marco de las concepciones interpretativas que en la actualidad dan sustento a la investigación cualitativa (aspecto epistemológico).","palabras_clave":"ESCUELA DE CHICAGO|METODOLOGIA CUALITATIVA|OBSERVACION PARTICIPANTE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2416,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Plant use intensification among hunter-gatherers in the Diamante river basin, Argentina","resumen":"Archaeologists have become increasingly interested in understanding the conditions under which resource  intensification occurs. In the case of vegetal foods, the process often ends with the adoption of agriculture. In this  article we explore wild plant resource intensification using archaeobotanical information from three sites located  in the upper Diamante river basin, Mendoza province, Argentina. The area was populated by humans ca 8000 BP  and the first evidence of wild plant exploitation in the regional archaeological record appears ca 3000 BP. Resource  intensification is evaluated using return rates for plants recovered from the sites in the study area. The  results show the exclusive use of high ranked plants during the beginning of the occupation with an increase in  diet breadth over time. In addition, a comparison of the return rates of wild plants and domesticates indicates that  agriculture appears in the study region coincidently with the initiation of low return (low rank) plant exploitation.","palabras_clave":"ARCHAEOBOTANY|INTENSIFICATION|HUNTER-GATHERERS|WEST CENTRAL ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2417,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Comparación in vitro del Root Z II y Propex en la Localización del Foramen Apical","resumen":"Objetivo: Comparar in vitro la  eficacia de los localizadores apicales Root ZX II y Propex II en la  localización del foramen apical, para la determinación de la longitud de  trabajo. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 30 molares superiores e inferiores humanos,  con ápice completamente formado. Estos elementos no presentaban restauraciones  metálicas, reabsorciones radiculares o fracturas. Las coronas fueron cortadas  en la unión amelo cementarían con un disco de carborundum a alta velocidad y  con abundante refrigeracion para obtener un fácil acceso a los conductos  radiculares. Los conductos fueron irrigados con una solución de hipoclorito de  sodio al 1%. Se introdujo en cada conducto radicular una lima tipo K 15  (Dentsply Maillefer) hasta observar su extremo en el foramen apical con una  lupa X 20. El tope de goma de la lima se ajustó a una referencia marcada en el  remanente coronario. Luego se retiró la lima, se midió y se registro. Esta  medida fue considerada como la longitud real del elemente (LR) Luego usando un  modelo experimental descripto por Altenburger M. J. (2008) se realizaron las  mediciones de los conductos con los localizadores apicales en los niveles 0.0  (Apex). Se utilizó la misma regla milimetrada para la medición manual y  electrónica. Resultados: Las variables fueron analizadas con el test T para  muestras relacionadas, previa exploración de los datos con el test de Kolgomorv  Smimo v. (normalidad). Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente  significativas al comparar las mediciones de los localizadores apicales en 0.0  (apex) con respecto a la longitud real del conducto p&lt;0.001 para el Propex  II y p&lt;0.05 para el Root ZXII es mayor que la del Propex II a nivel 0.0  (apex) Siendo siempre la diferencia encontrada una subestimación de la medida  real.","palabras_clave":"ROOT Z II|PROPEX"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2418,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Galicia-Argentina y cómo gestionar la diversidad lingüística: las lenguas en las leyes sobre los servicios de comunicación audiovisual","resumen":"El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la función otorgada a la(s) lengua(s) en dos leyes sobre servicios audiovisuales: la Ley de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual 26552 sancionada el 10\/10\/2009 por el Congreso nacional en Argentina y la Ley 9\/2011, del 9\/11\/2011, de los Medios Públicos de Comunicación Audiovisual de Galicia. Realizamos una indagación glotopolitica a partir del contraste entre ambas leyes no sólo porque&nbsp; exponen distintas maneras de intervención del estado, sino porque otorgan a las lenguas una ubicación de privilegio (la ley argentina) o de o reducción (la ley gallega) como consecuencia de la incidencia del proceso neoliberal. Nos detenemos en ciertos problemas que articulan fuertemente lo político y lo lingüístico en la medida en que la producción audiovisual en lengua propia se presenta como núcleo promotor de un imaginario socio-cultural, como espacio para la normalización de una lengua y como factor de cohesión social e identidad. Estudiamos, además, el discurso intelectual gallego que formula una clara resistencia a esta planificación estatal. ","palabras_clave":"Lenguas minorizadas|Políticas culturales|Interculturalidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2419,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Bienestar psicológico, estilos de personalidad y objetivos de vida en estudiantes universitarios","resumen":"Objetivo. Este estudio mide el grado de bienestar psicológico (BP), su relación con rasgos de personalidady los objetivos de vida (OV) de estudiantes de psicología, ya que investigaciones indican que la categoría depersonalidad y OV de las personas están relacionadas con la autopercepción del BP. Este estudio se abordódesde la teoría de T. Millon, siendo su objetivo establecer la relación existente entre dimensiones de bienestarpsicológico y estilos de personalidad en estudiantes universitarios, así como analizar sus objetivos de vida.Método. Se empleó un diseño transversal con metodología descriptiva y correlacional. Para ello, se administróla Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos [Bieps-A] (Casullo, 2002), Escala de Little (1983, adaptaciónlocal) e Inventario Millón de Estilos de Personalidad [MIPS] (Adaptación Casullo y Castro-Solano, 1997) a una muestra de 366 estudiantes de la carrera de Psicología, de ambos sexos, con una edad promedio de 21 años.Los resultados fueron analizados con base en cuatro dimensiones del BP: aceptación\/control, autonomía,vínculos y proyectos. Concretamente, se estudió la correlación entre las dimensiones de BP con las tres áreas de los rasgos de personalidad: metas motivacionales, modos cognitivos y conductas interpersonales. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos de los OV y análisis de correspondencias múltiples para los demás datos recogidos. Resultados. Se presentaron correlaciones positivas y negativas entre rasgos de personalidad y dimensiones deBP. Se describen OV relevantes. Conclusión. Se apoya la hipótesis de asociación del bienestar psicológico con estilos de personalidad.","palabras_clave":"Bienestar Psicológico|Objetivos de Vida|Estilos de Personalidad|Estudiantes Univesitarios"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2420,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular mechanisms underlying estrogen functions in trophoblastic cells. Focus on leptin expression","resumen":"  The steroid hormone 17b-estradiol is an estrogen that influences multiple aspects of placental function and fetal development in humans. During early pregnancy it plays a role in the regulation of blastocyst implantation, trophoblast differentiation and invasiveness, remodeling of uterine arteries, immunology and trophoblast production of hormones such as leptin. Estradiol exerts some effects through the action of classical estrogen receptors ERa and ERb, which act as ligand-activated transcription factors and regulate gene expression. In addition, estradiol can elicit rapid responses from membrane-associated receptors, like activation of protein-kinase pathways. Thus, the cellular effects of estradiol will depend on the specific receptors expressed and the integration of their signaling events. Leptin, the 16,000 MW protein product of the obese gene, was originally considered an adipocytederived signaling molecule for the central control of metabolism. However, pleiotropic effects of leptin have been identified in reproduction and pregnancy. The leptin gene is expressed in placenta, where leptin promotes proliferation and survival of trophoblastic cells. Expression of leptin in placenta is highly regulated by key pregnancy molecules as hCG and estradiol. The aim of this paper is to review the molecular mechanisms underlying estrogen functions in trophoblastic cells; focusing on mechanisms involved in estradiol regulation of placental leptin expression.b-estradiol is an estrogen that influences multiple aspects of placental function and fetal development in humans. During early pregnancy it plays a role in the regulation of blastocyst implantation, trophoblast differentiation and invasiveness, remodeling of uterine arteries, immunology and trophoblast production of hormones such as leptin. Estradiol exerts some effects through the action of classical estrogen receptors ERa and ERb, which act as ligand-activated transcription factors and regulate gene expression. In addition, estradiol can elicit rapid responses from membrane-associated receptors, like activation of protein-kinase pathways. Thus, the cellular effects of estradiol will depend on the specific receptors expressed and the integration of their signaling events. Leptin, the 16,000 MW protein product of the obese gene, was originally considered an adipocytederived signaling molecule for the central control of metabolism. However, pleiotropic effects of leptin have been identified in reproduction and pregnancy. The leptin gene is expressed in placenta, where leptin promotes proliferation and survival of trophoblastic cells. Expression of leptin in placenta is highly regulated by key pregnancy molecules as hCG and estradiol. The aim of this paper is to review the molecular mechanisms underlying estrogen functions in trophoblastic cells; focusing on mechanisms involved in estradiol regulation of placental leptin expression.","palabras_clave":"leptin|17-b-estradiol|placenta|gene expression"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2421,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Literatura fantástica, utopista y futurista' (editorial)","resumen":"Ficciones literarias y el surgir de la ciencia-ficción. Tres libros escritos entre mediados y fines del siglo XIX &#8213;en rigor entre 1859 y 1907&#8213; son, por momentos con un cierto pesimismo, particularmente significativos en relación al tema que nos convoca.&nbsp; Ante todo el curioso y fundacional Storia filosofica dei secoli futuri fino all?anno 2222 ovvero fino alla vigilia in circa della fine del mondo&nbsp; de Ippolito Nievo (1831-1861); Paris au XX siècle de Jules Verne (1828-1905)&nbsp; y Le meraviglie del Duemila de Emilio Salgari (1862-1911). Las citadas novelas presentan numerosas semejanzas no casuales y evidentes y previsibles diferencias, pero coinciden en demoler, con distintas estrategias discursivas, el concepto de progreso, por lo menos si por tal entendemos una «constante y permanente mejoría hacia estadios superiores e irreversibles», concepción hegemónica en el periodo de escritura de éstas. No sólo no aceptan este concepto de progreso lineal, no sólo lo critican, sino que, en el colmo de la insolencia, lo ridiculizan. ","palabras_clave":"UTOPISMO|ANTICIPACION|LITERATURA FANTASTICA|CIENCIA FICCION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2423,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Actividad Física, Escoliosis y dolor de raquis en individuos jóvenes","resumen":"En el devenir de este nuevo siglo...","palabras_clave":"Escoliosis |raquis |jóvenes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2425,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Comparison of Different Approaches for Depth Profiling of Films and Coatings by Confocal Raman Microscopy","resumen":"We compare and analyze different approaches to perform depth profiling of polymer films and coatings by confocal Raman microscopy (CRM). Data were generated using three methodologies: conventional metallurgical objectives, oil-immersion optics and numerical post processing of the as-measured intensity profiles, via an optimized deconvolution technique adapted to CRM. A series of bi- and multi-layered polymeric films were used as test systems. Strengths and weaknesses of each methodology are evaluated in terms of delivered depth resolution, signal throughput and flexibility. It is shown that the application of regularized deconvolution on data obtained from dry objectives yielded intensity profiles with a quality comparable, in some cases superior, to those obtained with immersion objectives, with the advantage of being totally non-invasive.","palabras_clave":"Confocal Raman microscopy |Depth profiling  |Polymer films and coatings|Deconvolution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2426,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High NEFA concentrations around parturition are associated with delayed ovulations in grazing Dairy Cows","resumen":"The objectives of this study were to assess indicators of metabolic status of grazing dairy cows around parturition, and the relationship between these indicators with the resumption of ovulations postpartum (ROP). Holstein multiparous cows (N=20) grazing on improved pastures and supplemented with concentrates were body condition scored and tail bled weekly from wk &#8722;2 through +9 related to parturition. Plasma samples were analyzed for nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and progesterone (P4). Data were analyzed with mixed models, logistic regression, with receiver operator characteristic (ROC), and Cox regression analysis. Cows having Delayed Ovulation ([DO], ROP on week &#8805;5) had lower BCS, and higher NEFAs than cows having a normal ROP around parturition (BCS: 2.73±0.08 vs. 2.94±0.05, Pb0.05, and NEFA: 0.43±0.04 vs. 0.35±0.02 mM, Pb0.10, respectively). Also, DO cows had  lower BCS than normal herdmates (2.59±0.10 vs. 2.99±0.06, Pb0.01) around time of ROP, but they had similar NEFA, leptin and IGF-1. The risk for DO increased as NEFA increased (0.4% and 0.5% per every increasing mM of NEFA in prepartum and postpartum, respectively). The ROC curve showed that NEFA (prepartum and postpartum) had areas of 0.85 and 0.80, and cut-off values of 0.39 and 0.47 mM. Finally, hazard for ROP increased as prepartum IGF-1 increased, and it decreased as postpartum NEFA increased. In conclusion, cows with lower BCS and higher prepartum and postpartum NEFA had higher odds for getting DO than herdmates with greater BCS and lower NEFA concentrations.","palabras_clave":"NEFA|METABOLIC STATUS|PERIPARTUM|RESUMPTION OF OVULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2427,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La fundación del Museo Histórico Provincial 'Dr. Julio Marc': Patrimonio, identidades y representaciones del pasado (Rosario, 1912-1950)","resumen":"El artículo elabora una aproximación histórica al Museo Histórico Provincial \u201CDr. Julio Marc\u201D de Rosario con el fin de analizar la vinculación entre la cultura material que allí se alojó, las identidades colectivas y las representaciones del pasado. Se hace referencia a algunas de las características propias del museo teniendo en cuenta su gestación y desarrollo en el transcurso de las primeras décadas del siglo XX y la función social y cultural que cumplió. También se estudia cómo se constituyó su colección fundacional, examinando la procedencia y el tipo de piezas que ingresaron en esta etapa. Asimismo, el trabajo examina la manera en que fueron mostrados los objetos, para finalmente proponer algunas reflexiones que sirvan para repensar el lugar de los artefactos visuales en la construcción de las identidades, cómo se visibilizan e invisibilizan determinadas voces y memorias de la sociedad y los relatos que les otorgan sentido.","palabras_clave":"MUSEO HISTÓRICO PROVINCIAL DR. JULIO MARC|DISCURSOS DEL PASADO|IDENTIDADES|PATRIMONIO|ROSARIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2428,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Verification Method for Collaborative Business Processes","resumen":"The verification of collaborative processes is a key issue to consider in cross-organizational modeling methodologies. Some of the existing verification approaches provide only partial support, whereas others impose some restrictions to verify models with advanced control flow, compromise (completely or partially) the enterprise autonomy, or are focused on technology-dependent specifications. In order to deal with these issues we introduce Global Interaction Nets, which are based on Hierarchical and Colored Petri Nets, and the Global Interaction Soundness property, which was adapted from the classical definition of soundness, as the main correctness criterion. The method can be used to formalize and verify models defined with different modeling languages. In addition, we apply the method through a case study modeled with UP-ColBPIP, which is a modeling language for collaborative processes, and formalize its constructs by means of Global Interaction Nets.","palabras_clave":"Verification|Collaborative Business Processes|Petri Nets|B2B Collaborations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2429,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Estrogen and progesterone levels in the saliva of pregnant and non pregnant adolescents.","resumen":"Estrogen and progesterone levels in the saliva of pregnant and non pregnant adolescents.","palabras_clave":"INST |HISTOL |EMBRIOL|CONICET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2430,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unravelling the enhanced reactivity of bulk CeO2 doped with gallium: A periodic DFT study","resumen":"Doping CeO2 with gallium leads to promising materials with application in hydrogen purification processes for fuel cells. The bulk ceria?gallia is investigated by ab initio calculations. The outstanding reactivity is explained by important relaxations induced by gallium in the ceria host, having a strong impact in the electronic structure. As a result, the mixed oxide is found to be more reducible than the pure oxides in agreement with experimental data. It is thus possible to correlate structure and reactivity of the doped system on the molecular level, representing a step forward to the rational design of materials with selected properties.","palabras_clave":"CeO2|DFT |CATALYSIS|REACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2431,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Micrometric measurement of the density of stained odontoblast processes","resumen":"The embryological, structural and functional unit of the dentine-pulp complex shares the odontoblast, located in the border of the dentine pulp, with basal nuclei and organelles. The odontoblast process merges from its apical pole. It is formed by microtubules, microfilaments and vesicles covered by membranes  penetrating the dentinal tubules, isolated from the inter-tubular matrix, along the extent of the dentine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three staining techniques: hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and Schmorl, by staining the process, from beginning to end, and compare the results with the erosion technique. Thirty human teeth were employed in the trial; after their extraction the pulp was fixated, the pieces demineralized in nitric acid at 8%, the collagen filaments eliminated with Type II Collagenase,  the tissue was stained, and the measurements were made. The portions with no pulp were prepared with the erosion technique. Results: Comparing the best results obtained by staining with the values obtained with the erosion  technique, the former showed lower values. Conclusion: Staining techniques show lower density of the staining processes compared with the dentinal tubules in the erosion technique.","palabras_clave":"Pulp dentine organ|Odontoblast process"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2432,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Ingesta de ácidos grasos trans en estudiantes universitarios de Santa Fe, Argentina. Relación con medidas antropométricas y lípidos séricos'.","resumen":"El riesgo de padecer  enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles ha ido aumentando por la incorporación de alimentos procesados ricos en grasas y muchos de ellos con alto contenido de ácidos grasos trans (AGT) de producción  industrial. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el consumo de AGT totales, ácido trans-vaccénico, ácido elaídico y conjugados del ácido linoleico (CLA) en una población estudiantil y su relación con medidas antropométricas y lípidos séricos. Los resultados mostraron que el 74,4%  de los estudiantes superaron la ingesta recomendada por la OMS para el consumo de AGT totales, siendo el del ácido transvaccénico mayor que el del CLA y ácido elaídico. El 8,9% de los estudiantes presentaron un índice de masa corporal mayor a 25, y el 5,5% fueron obesos según el porcentaje de masa grasa. La fracción LDL-colesterol fue el parámetro lipídico más alterado (52.2%). Aunque el consumo de AGT totales estuvo por encima de lo recomendado, no se asoció a un perfil lipídico desfavorable, ni a mediciones antropométricas alteradas.","palabras_clave":"Consumo de trans|Riesgo cardiovascular|Perfil lipídico|Evaluación de ingesta"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2433,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An intertidal limpet species as a bioindicator: Pollution effects reflected by shell characteristics","resumen":"Mollusc shells have been widely used for monitoring the bioavailability of contaminants in the aquatic  environment. The present work examined malformations among the shells of the limpet Siphonaria lessoni  from heavily polluted, light polluted and unpolluted sites in Argentina. Data on shell shape, thickness,  dry weight, microstructure and semi-quantitative elemental composition was evaluated as well as soft  tissue dry weight. Shells from the heavily polluted site were significantly thicker than those  from other areas. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) analysis of thickened shells revealed the presence  of globular malformations on inner shell surfaces. On heavily polluted shells, elemental composition  analysis by EDS (electron dispersive spectroscopy) of such malformations indicated concentrations three  times higher of carbon and four times lower of calcium and oxygen than the control. Light polluted shells  presented concentrations two times lower of calcium. In addition, soft tissues were lighter at the heavily  polluted site. These data demonstrate the sensitivity of this abundant and widely distributed  intertidal limpet to aquatic pollutants, and support the use of this limpet as a potential biomarker.","palabras_clave":"LIMPET|BIOINDICATOR|TBT|ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2434,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Porous modified bentonite as efficient and selective catalyst 4 in the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines","resumen":"    The synthesis of 1,5 benzodiazepine using natural and modified  Argentinean bentonite (pillared layered clay and porous clay heterostructure)  as catalysts through a condensation reaction between o phenylenediamine (o  -PDA) and excess of acetone as reactive and solvent at room temperature is  reported. The catalysts were found to be highly active and selective, affording  a high yield of the corresponding benzodiazepine. The effects of the  modification of the natural bentonite and reaction conditions, such as temperature,  time and amount of catalyst were investigated. The catalysts were also  successfully employed for the preparation of other derivatives of  1,5-benzodiazepine using substituted o -PDAs and ketones. In all cases, the  reactions are highly selective and are completed within 13 h. The catalyst  showed excellent activity in all cases, showing 86-90% isolated yields of the  corresponding derivatives of 1,5-benzodiazepine. The easy work-up procedure and  the recyclable catalyst make this methodology attractive for large-scale  operations.  ","palabras_clave":"Catalysis Heterogeneous | 1,5-Benzodiazepines|Modified bentonite"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2435,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Trabajadores frutícolas y hortícolas en la Argentina. Una aproximación socioantropológica a las prácticas de reproducción y de resistencia de las condiciones laborales","resumen":"En este artículo analizamos las prácticas  de reproducción y resistencia de las condiciones laborales de ciertos  trabajadores rurales en Argentina. Considerando su inserción en distintas  producciones: fruticultura de exportación y horticultura para el mercado  interno, nos focalizamos en sus interpretaciones sobre su situación laboral  ante diferentes tipos de relaciones patrón - trabajador. La metodología  consistió en trabajo de campo etnográfico en distintas áreas de las provincias  de Río Negro, Córdoba y Buenos Aires que incluyó análisis documental de la  normativa que regula el trabajo rural, observación participante de los procesos  laborales y entrevistas en profundidad con trabajadores, patrones y  representantes sindicales.","palabras_clave":"TRABAJO RURAL|HORTICULTURA|FRUTICULTURA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2436,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DEPENDENCE OF HARD X-RAY EMISSIONS WITH THE CHARGING PRESSURE IN A SMALL PLASMA FOCUS","resumen":"The dependence with the filling pressure of the hard X-ray emission of a 250 J Plasma-Focus device is presented. The study was performed on the range of Hydrogen pressures between 5 and 23 mbar. It was found that the pressure dependence of the hard X-ray intensity presents a maximum at 16.4 mbar. A threshold in the voltage drop on the pinch was observed for the X-ray emission, which agrees with the Dreicer theory for electrons runaway.","palabras_clave":"PLASMA FOCUS|FUSION DEVICES|PLASMA SELF-CONFINEMENT|DRAICER THEORY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2437,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phosphites Effect on Late Blight Control and Physiological Parameters in Commercial Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Argentina","resumen":"Phosphite (Phi) has been recommended to enhance plant resistance against Phytophthora ssp. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium phosphite (PhiCa) and potassium phosphite (PhiK) under field conditions, taking into account physiological parameters, performance and protection against late blight in the foliage of two potato cultivars, and comparing these results to controlled in vitro experiments. Experimental design was a split plot in randomized complete blocks with four replicates. The main plot comprised two potato cultivars (Kennebec and Spunta) and the sub-plots three late blight control treatments: control, PhiCa and PhiK. The interaction between cultivar and treatment on the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was determined. In Kennebec, the PhiK treatment showed a significantly lower AUDPC than control and PhiCa treatments. No differences were detected between treatments on Spunta? In the detached-leaf tests, there was a significant treatment effect. In both cultivars, PhiK application resulted in a significantly lower damage growth rate (DGR) compared to the control and PhiCa treatments, although there was less difference in Spunta. Treatments tested had no significant effect on yield. However, PhiK application tended to increase yields by 20.5 and 14.8% in relation to control and PhiCa treatments respectively. Under experiment conditions, Phi decreased disease severity and increased yields, with differences between cultivars and chemical compounds.","palabras_clave":"PHOSPHITES|PHYSIOLOGICAL |LATE BLIGHT|POTATO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2438,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Recent trends in biocatalysis engineering","resumen":"During the last 30 years the scope of biocatalysis has been expanding due to the advances in several technological fields. Diverse techniques as structural enzyme improvement (e.g. protein engineering, direct evolution), engineering approaches (e.g. ionic liquids, supercritical fluids) and physical stabilization (e.g. immobilization, CLEAS) have been developed, which in combination are powerful tools to improve biotransformation and to synthesize new products. In the present work, recent advances in biocatalysis are reviewed.","palabras_clave":"Biocatalisis |Inmovilizacion de enzimas|Biotransformaciones|Enzimas en solventes organicos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2439,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The feeding ecology of Mustelus schmitti in the southwestern Atlantic: geographic variations and dietary shifts","resumen":"The feeding ecology of Mustelus schmittiwas studied based on analysis of stomach contents of525 specimens collected from three research cruisescarried out during October 2008 to March 2009 onthe Argentinean continental shelf (34º45´S - 41ºS).Generalized Linear Models were used to test theeffects of Geographic location, Total Length, Sex andMaturity stage on the diet. The most commonlyoccurring major prey groups differed between Geographiclocations. In Río de la Plata (RLP) deep M.schmitti feed on Crustaceans, Fish and Polychaetes,whereas Crustaceans, Polychaetes and Fishes werethe main prey in RLP coast, Rincón (RIN) coast andRIN deep, respectively. Moreover, models showeddietary shift related to total length in each Geographiclocation. In coastal nursery areas Polychaetes decreasedand Fishes increased in importance as M. schmitti grewin size; while Crustaceans increased in importancefrom small to medium size, and then decreased in thelarge specimens. Deeper areas also show dietarychanges related to growth. The trophic level of M.schmitti showed lower values in coastal Geographiclocations (3.48-3.53) than in deeper Geographiclocations (3.56-3.77). The higher trophic role in deepercommunities could be related to the size of M. schmittiwhich increases with depth. Finally, total vacuity indexwas 2.47 (the lowest in the literature) indicating anintense and continuous feeding activity of the species.","palabras_clave":"NURSERY|MODELS|DIET|GATUZO|ONTOGENETIC CHANGES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2440,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First report of Alternaria alternata causing discoloration on Amaranthus seeds in Argentina","resumen":"Abstract : Alternaria alternata is recorded as the causal agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.Alternaria alternata is recorded as the causal agent of seed discoloration of Amaranthus caudatus ssp.Amaranthus caudatus ssp. mantegazzianus for the first time in Argentina.for the first time in Argentina. ","palabras_clave":"SEED DISCOLORATION|MYCOFLORA|FUSARIUM EQUISETI|BIPOLARIS SP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2441,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Variabilidad intrasitio como indicador de diferenciación social en un sitio Agroalfarero Temprano del sector norte de la Quebrada de Humahuaca","resumen":"El sitio Antumpa (Dpto. Humahuaca, Jujuy) es uno de los pocos conocidos para el Período Agrolfarero Temprano o Formativo (ca. 1000 a.C.-900 d.C.) en el ámbito de la Quebrada de Humahuaca. Este período suele caracterizarse como un momento de consolidación de la vida aldeana y de sociedades mayormente igualitarias, sin diferencias sociales permanentes ni autoridades políticas institucionalizadas. Sin embargo, las investigaciones que se llevan a cabo en Antumpa muestran que su componente temprano presenta diferencias intrasitio, tanto en los aspectos arquitectónicos como artefactuales. Destaca la preeminencia de un montículo artificial, tanto en la cantidad como en la calidad de los materiales arqueológicos recuperados. En este trabajo se aborda esta variabilidad intrasitio, explorando la posibilidad de que constituya un reflejo de la existencia de cierta diferenciación social, y que el montículo represente el lugar de habitación de un grupo social que poseía un mayor acceso a bienes no locales y suntuarios.               ","palabras_clave":"Antumpa|Quebrada de Huamahuaca|Periodo Temprano o Formativo|diferenciación social|variabilidad intrasitio"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2442,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Modernidad, secularización y laicidad en América Latina. Pensar los recursos teóricos desde el caso argentino","resumen":"Las limitaciones del concepto de secularización \u2013correlativas a las de la noción de modernidad- para aportar inteligibilidad a los procesos que se desarrollan hoy en America Latina en materia religiosa, nos invitan a matizar la idea de secularización como paradigma teórico, a fin de pensar en términos de espacio del poder, y de campos a la hora de estudiar procesos de laicidad de las instituciones. En este trabajo, partiendo de las reflexiones contemporáneas sobre contextos postseculares, abordaremos el particular problema que supone en América Latina el estudio de espacios sociales donde una hegemonía religiosa católica permite profundizar una antigua distancia entre lo instituyente y lo instituido. Hoy además se ve amenazada por la diversificación del campo en términos de religiones y religiosidades. El caso de Argentina trabajado con mas detenimiento nos permite anticipar una nueva etapa en la que la iglesia católica, si se dispusiera a hacerlo, podría contribuir al proceso de democratización de la sociedad.","palabras_clave":"SECULARIZACION|LAICIDAD|AMERICA LATINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2511,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Globalización de la Economía II.","resumen":"Continuando con el artículo de Globalización de la Economía II, desarrollo en éste la conclusión del análisis del proceso de Globalización de la Economía. En primer término la enumeración de las virtudes, luego los defectos del proceso de Globalización y al final la elaboración de Conclusiones al respecto.","palabras_clave":"GLOBALIZACION|MUNDIALIZACION|LOCALIZACION|INTEGRACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2531,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reflexiones en torno a la traducción literaria (II)","resumen":"El traductor literario, cuando se enfrenta a la traducción de un texto poético se plantea todo tipo de cuestiones acerca del estilo, la escritura, sobre la manera de reformular en otra lengua lo que tiene que decir, pero no se cuestiona las estrategias a seguir.De acuerdo con Berman, me parece que teorizar sobre la creatividad y hablar de estrategias de traducción y de normas remite a una concepción demasiado mecánica de la traducción literaria y anula la poeticidad del texto a favor de la mera versión del sentido.","palabras_clave":"LITERATURA|TRADUCCIÓN|TIEMPO EN QUE SE TRADUCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2534,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Informe anual de política exterior del gobierno argentino (marzo 2010- marzo 2011)","resumen":"Esta publicación tiene por fin presentar un resumen detallado de las actividades anuales en torno a las relaciones internacionales de nuestro país con los diferentes organismos internacionales multilaterales, así como con los diferentes países con quienes traba relaciones bilaterales, según los informes de prensa de la Cancillería Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Cancillería|Internacionales|CeRPI|Europa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2538,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La siniestra conjuración de las sufragistas: desvío y peligrosidad.  El discurso de la prensa bahiense sobre el sufragismo radical británico","resumen":"Los primeros años del siglo XX asisten a la radicalización del movimiento sufragista británico en torno al grupo denominado suffragette, que utiliza como medios -tanto de propaganda como de reclamo del voto- una variedad de estrategias de inusual violencia. su irrupción en el espacio público les confiere una visibilidad que resulta transgresora en relación a los roles asignados socialmente para los sexos. es esta transgresión la que impacta profundamente sobre la opinión pública mundial que, a través de la prensa, lleva a cabo la tarea de clasificarlas por medio de una serie de representaciones de género y procesos de etiquetamiento.  En este artículo nos proponemos revisar cómo el sufragismo radical británico es reflejado en la prensa bahiense durante lo que se denomina un 'periodo formativo' previo a la abierta defensa del voto en la Argentina, qué características se resaltan del mencionado movimiento y con qué objeto. Rales son los interrogantes que guían este trabajo, cuyas fuentes primarias son tres publicaciones periódicas locales: 'Bahía Blanca, diario de la mañana', 'La Nueva Provincia' y 'Nueva Epoca'. De distintas tendencias ideológicas, abarcan el lapso comprendido entre 1906 y 1914, años clave en la militancia suffragette.","palabras_clave":"Sufragismo radical inglés|prensa bahiense|feminismo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2541,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación de cultivares de soja en Rafaela, Villa Trinidad y  San Justo. Región Centro de Santa Fe,  campaña 2011\/12.","resumen":"En la campaña 2011\/2012 se evaluaron en el centro de la provincia de Santa Fe, cultivares de soja de los grupos IV al VIII, resistentes al herbicida glifosato (RG o RR), en cinco condiciones de producción (CP): tres en la EEA Rafaela (fecha de siembra anticipada, de 1ª y de 2ª), uno en Villa Trinidad y el restante en San Justo, éstos últimos de siembra de 1ª (Figura 1). Los ensayos forman parte de la Red Nacional de Evaluación de Cultivares Comerciales de Soja (RECSO) de la subregión Pampeana Norte (II-2). Teniendo en cuenta la respuesta de los ambientes considerados, se destacaron por su adaptabilidad a la región centro de Santa Fe las siguientes variedades para cada grupo de madurez: Grupo IV corto: Si bien el único ensayo válido presentó rendimientos homogéneos para las variedades, TJs2142 aparece como bien posicionada por segunda campaña consecutiva y DM4212 en la presente campaña. Grupo IV largo: Como en el GM anterior el comportamiento fue homogéneo pero con buen posicionamiento relativo de NA4990 por tercera campaña consecutiva, SPS4x4, RA437, SRM4901 por segunda campaña, a las que se agregan en la presente NS4922, DM4612, SRM4602 y DM4712 Grupo V corto: Se destacó en tres ensayos por su adaptabilidad y estabilidad Bio5.40 por primera vez. La variedad NA5509 lleva cuatro campañas consecutivas entre las de productividad superior, a la que se agregan RA532, por segunda campaña y por primera vez TJs2255 y NA5009RG, todas con rendimientos medios aceptables. Grupo V largo: se destacó por estabilidad y productividad RA538 por segunda campaña consecutiva y por quinto año NA5909, por su productividad media, a la que se suma DM5,9i por tercera campaña y RA 549 y LDC5.6 por segunda campaña. En la presente se agregan NS5891 y SRM5601. Grupo VI: las que presentaron rendimientos superiores fueron NS6218, SRM6900, TJs2167R, todas con muy buena estabilidad para los tres ensayos considerados, superando a NA6126 RG, la referente del GM. Grupo VII corto: se destacaron Dalia750 por su productividad en cada sitio de ensayo y NS7472 por su estabilidad. Grupo VII largo: se destacó DM7.8 por tercer año consecutivo. GM VIII: NA8009 y DM8002, ambas en las últimas dos campañas y TOB7800 en la presente. ","palabras_clave":"SOJA|AMBIENTE|RENDIMIENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2542,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación de cultivares de trigo 2010 y recomendaciones para la próxima campaña","resumen":"La evaluación de cultivares comerciales de trigo que se lleva a cabo en la EEA Rafaela del INTA, forma parte de la Red Nacional de Evaluación de Trigo (RET) correspondiente a la sub-región triguera I. En la campaña 2011 se sembraron 24 cultivares de trigo de ciclo intermedio-largo, 5 intermedios y 24 cortos en una o dos fechas cada uno de ellos. Los materiales considerados intermedio-largos se sembraron el 20 de mayo y el 17 de junio junto con los intermedios, éstos últimos se incluyeron en la fecha del 28 de junio junto con los cortos y se repitió la siembra de éstos el 8 de julio. El objetivo fue evaluar el comportamiento agronómico, la sanidad del cultivo y el rendimiento de grano.Como síntesis de la campaña 2011 de trigo se puede destacar los rendimientos excepcionales para todas las épocas de siembra como consecuencia de la oferta hídrica y las condiciones foto-termales muy favorables. Por otro lado, se continúan identificando nuevos materiales con excelente adaptabilidad para la región.","palabras_clave":"CULTIVARES|TRIGO|CICLO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2543,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación de cultivares de colza en la EEA Rafaela, campaña 2010","resumen":"En los últimos años ha crecido el interés en buscar alternativas para la producción de invierno, tradicionalmente dedicada al trigo. En este contexto, el cultivo de colza, como oleaginosa inverno-primaveral, se presenta con algunas ventajas comparativas que hacen relevante &nbsp;evaluar la adaptabilidad de genotipos comerciales.&nbsp; En el marco del Proyecto Nacional de INTA \u201CDesarrollo de material genético y manejo sanitario y agronómico de oleaginosas alternativas en diferentes ambientes productivos\u201D, se realizó un ensayo con el objetivo de comparar el rendimiento de cultivares de colza primaverales en la EEA Rafaela del INTA (Iriarte, 2012).","palabras_clave":"COLZA|CULTIVARES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2544,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación de cultivares de lino en la EEA Rafaela, campaña 2010.","resumen":"El cultivo de lino (Linum usitatissimum L.) se presenta como una alternativa más para incrementar la oferta de cultivos de invierno. En la EEA Rafaela del INTA se evaluaron en la campaña 2011\/12, 6 materiales comerciales y 3 precomerciales, como parte de una red de ensayos dirigida por la EEA Paraná del INTA. El rendimiento medio estuvo dentro de los valores normales para la región (1448.9 kg\/ha), detectándose una alta variabilidad (20.5 %), atribuible a la pérdida de plantas ocurridas en el comienzo del ciclo de crecimiento del cultivo.","palabras_clave":"LINO|CULTIVARES|RENDIMIENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2551,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Inventario de eventos climáticos - meteorológicos extremos. Suroeste bonaerense (1995 - 2010)","resumen":"Las características climáticas del suroeste bonaerense están influidas por la alternancia permanente de masas de aire de distinta naturaleza y el desplazamiento estacional de los centros de acción. La variabilidad en los estados de tiempo es producto de esta dinámica y en ocasiones genera vientos fuertes, tornados, caída de granizo, tormentas de polvo, lluvias intensas, etc. Estos eventos extremos ocasionan daños sobre las personas y los bienes y por ello es de gran importancia su estudio.                 La información de la prensa constituye una fuente de información primaria para la realización de investigaciones en las Ciencias Sociales y en particular en Geografía Física. Así, los artículos periodísticos se convierten en una alternativa abordable para el descubrimiento y seguimiento de eventos extremos ya que en muchos casos enumeran la génesis, características y efectos sobre la sociedad de cada evento sucedido.                 El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar, clasificar e inventariar los eventos extremos ocurridos entre 1995 y 2010 en el suroeste bonaerense publicados en medios periodísticos locales y regionales. El intervalo de tiempo considerado complementa el inventario existente para el período comprendido entre 1980 y 1995. El desarrollo de este inventario posibilitará tener una base disponible para el análisis de los eventos extremos históricos ocurridos en la región circundante a Bahía Blanca. Los resultados preliminares surgidos del inventario permitieron identificar los principales sucesos y su frecuencia, espacializar las áreas afectadas y analizar la dinámica de los mismos a partir de su escala temporal.       ","palabras_clave":"INVENTARIO|EVENTOS EXTREMOS|EVENTOS CLIMÁTICOS-METEROLÓGICOS|SUROESTE BONAERENSE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2553,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Emulsifying properties of different modified sunflower lecitihins","resumen":"Lecithins are a mixture of acetone insoluble phospholipids and other minor substances (triglycerides, carbohydrates, etc.). The most commonly processes used for lecithin modification are: fractionation by deoling to separate oil from phospholipids; fractionation with solvents to produce fractions enriched in specific phospholipids; and introduction of enzymatic and chemical changes in phospholipid molecules. The aim of this work was to evaluate the emulsifying properties of different modified sunflower lecithins in oil-in-water (O\/W) emulsions. In this study, five modified sunflower lecithins were assessed, which were obtained by deoiling (deoiled lecithin), fractionation with absolute ethanol (PC and PI enriched fractions), and enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A2 from pancreatic porcine and microbial sources (hydrolyzed lecithins). Modified lecithins were applied as emulsifying agent in O\/W emulsions (30:70 wt\/wt), ranging 0.1-2.0% (wt\/wt). Stability of different emulsions was evaluated through the evolution of backscattering profiles (%BS), particle size distribution (in volume and surface), and mean particle diameters (D [4,3], D [3,2]). PC enriched fraction and both hydrolyzed lecithins presented the best emulsifying properties against the main destabilization processes (creaming and coalescence) for the analyzed emulsions. These modified lecithins represent a good alternative for the production of new bioactive agents.","palabras_clave":"Sunflower lecithin|Fractionation process|Enzymatic hydrolysis|O\/W emulsion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2554,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación del comportamiento de cultivares de trigo pan en el centro de Santa Fe. Campaña 2011\/2012","resumen":"Evaluación del comportamiento de cultivares de trigo pan en el centro de Santa Fe. Campaña 2011\/12","palabras_clave":"TRIGO|CULTIVARES|CICLO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2555,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El tiempo y los cultivos en el período octubre ? diciembre  2010","resumen":"Los desvíos de las temperaturas mensuales para la estación de El Colmenar estuvieron dentro del rango de normalidad con respecto al promedio de referencia, tanto para la máxima media mensual (-0,7ºC)como para la mínima media mensual (-1,2ºC).","palabras_clave":"TIEMPO|CULTIVOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2556,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pharmacokinetics and bone tissue concentrations of lincomycin following intravenous and intramuscular administrations to cats.","resumen":"Pharmacokinetics and bone tissue concentrations of lincomycin following intravenous and intramuscular administrations to cats.  Albarellos GA, Montoya L, Denamiel GA, Velo MC, Landoni MF.    Source  Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Cátedra de Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.    Abstract  Albarellos, G. A., Montoya, L., Denamiel, G. A. A., Velo, M. C., Landoni, M. F. Pharmacokinetics and bone tissue concentrations of lincomycin following intravenous and intramuscular administrations to cats. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. doi: 10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2011.01355.x. The pharmacokinetic properties and bone concentrations of lincomycin in cats after single intravenous and intramuscular administrations at a dosage rate of 10&#8195;mg\/kg were investigated. Lincomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for some gram-positive strains isolated from clinical cases was determined. Serum lincomycin disposition was best-fitted to a bicompartmental and a monocompartmental open models with first-order elimination after intravenous and intramuscular dosing, respectively. After intravenous administration, distribution was rapid (T(1\/2(d)) &#8195;=&#8195;0.22&#8195;±&#8195;0.09&#8195;h) and wide as reflected by the volume of distribution (V((d(ss))) ) of 1.24&#8195;±&#8195;0.08&#8195;L\/kg. Plasma clearance was 0.28&#8195;±&#8195;0.09&#8195;L\/h·kg and elimination half-life (T(1\/2) ) 3.56&#8195;±&#8195;0.62&#8195;h. Peak serum concentration (C(max) ), T(max) , and bioavailability for the intramuscular administration were 7.97&#8195;±&#8195;2.31&#8195;&#956;g\/mL, 0.12&#8195;±&#8195;0.05&#8195;h, and 82.55&#8195;±&#8195;23.64%, respectively. Thirty to 45&#8195;min after intravenous administration, lincomycin bone concentrations were 9.31&#8195;±&#8195;1.75&#8195;&#956;g\/mL. At the same time after intramuscular administration, bone concentrations were 3.53&#8195;±&#8195;0.28&#8195;&#956;g\/mL. The corresponding bone\/serum ratios were 0.77&#8195;±&#8195;0.04 (intravenous) and 0.69&#8195;±&#8195;0.18 (intramuscular). Lincomycin MIC for Staphylococcus spp. ranged from 0.25 to 16&#8195;&#956;g\/mL and for Streptococcus spp. from 0.25 to 8&#8195;&#956;g\/mL.  © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","palabras_clave":"LINCOMYCIN|CAT|PHARMACOKINETICS|PHARMACODYNAMICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2557,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Omega-3 enriched egg production: the effect of &#945; -linolenic &#969; -3 fatty acid sources on laying hen performance and yolk lipid content and fatty acid composition","resumen":"1. Diets high in total lipids, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and having high omega-6:omega-3 fatty acid ratios, have been shown to be related to increased instances of coronary heart disease, while diets high in omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to decrease the risk.  2. Feeding omega-3 fatty acid diets to laying hens has been shown to improve the quality of eggs produced in terms of saturation and omega-3 content.  3. A study was undertaken to determine if the omega-3 fatty acid source, when fed to hens, influences the amount transferred to eggs.  4. Flaxseed and flaxseed oil, along with chia seed and chia seed oil, were the two main sources of omega-3 fatty acid examined during the 84 d trial.  5. All -linolenic enriched treatments yielded significantly higher omega-3 fatty acid contents per g of yolk and per yolk, than the non-linolenic enriched diets. Chia oil and chia seed yielded 545 and 635% more mg of omega-3 fatty acid per g of yolk for the 56 d test period, and 134 and 662% more for the 84 d test period, than flaxseed oil and flaxseed, respectively.  6. The differences in omega-3 content were significant, except for the chia oil compared with the flax oil, at the end of the trial.  7. This trial has shown that differences in conversion exist among omega-3 fatty acid sources, at least when fed to hens, and indicates that chia may hold a significant potential as a source of omega-3 fatty acid for  enriching foods, thereby making these foods a healthier choice for consumers.","palabras_clave":"omega-3|chia|laying egg"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2558,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Educación vial como aporte al compromiso y responsabilidad ciudadana con la seguridad en el tránsito","resumen":"This work aims at divulging the features of a research conducted by the  Investigación  UBACyT 2010-2012.  This project faces the problematic situation of assessing the efficiency of Driving Courses and their incidence in the behavior of drivers who break driving regulations.  Its general objective is that citizens commit to being the rules that reinforce traffic safety in order to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality caused by traffic accidents.  The subjects of this research are people who ask for a restitution of the points that they lost due to infractions (scoring system)  The methodology consist of the triangulation of data that come from surveys, group interviews and interviews to key informers. The behavior of the subjects that attend the course in order to have their points back will also be analyzed.  Regarding education from the point of view of autonomy pedagogy, as stated by Paulo Freire, we seek to favour a dialectic movement by revealing both the knowledge from experience that attendants have and the facing estrategies that they put to use in risk involving situations. This project aims at turning these experiences into epistemological contributions to the traffic safety education training programs.  Our expectations are that wiht the help of the media results will be transferred to the society at large as a means of preventing traffic accidents  Key words: Traffic Safety Education \u2013 Psychology and Speed \u2013 Social speed \u2013 Speed and Violence.","palabras_clave":"EDUCACIÓN|PSICOLOGÍA|VELOCIDAD|VIOLENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2559,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kinetics of the gasification of a Rio Turbio coal under different pyrolisis temperatures","resumen":"The kinetics of the gasi&#64257;cation reaction of char with CO2 in a &#64257;x bed reactor was studied by gas chroma-tography. The char was produced by devolatilizing raw coal from Rio Turbio, Argentina in a drop tube furnace (DTF). Two chars were prepared and characterized for pyrolysis temperatures of 1123 and 1223 K.The experimental conditions for chemical reaction rate control were obtained in the range of temperatures between 1098 and 1193 K. Under those conditions the in&#64258;uence of gasi&#64257;cation temperature and carbon dioxide concentration was analyzed. Similar values of activation energies were obtained for both chars, and only a slight decrease in reactivity was detected for the highest pyrolyzation temperature.Regarding the effect of carbon dioxide concentrations, no in&#64258;uence in the gasi&#64257;cation rate was obtained for the char pyrolyzed at 1223 K, whereas a reaction order of about 0.5 was obtained for CO2 concentrations below 30% for the other char. Two reaction models were applied that fairly &#64257;t the experimental data: the random pore model and the grain model. The reaction rate equations according to the different models were determined","palabras_clave":"Gasification|Rio Turbio|Coal|Gas chromatography|Drop Tube furnace"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2560,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Informe Anual sobre la Política Exterior del gobierno argentino. Anuario 2011  del Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales de la UNLP (2011).","resumen":"Durante este periodo existieron tres hechos, y como el gobierno los en-caró, los que nos han llamado la atención en este último tiempo y que nos lleva a pensar en un trasvasamiento de la autonomía: la situación de la inversión bra-sileña con motivo de la suspensión de actividades de la empresa Vale en Mendo-za, el Juicio llevado adelante en Nueva York por el ?fondo buitre? NML Capital, y el Memorándum con Irán, a propósito de la Causa Amia.","palabras_clave":"POLITICA EXTERIOR ARGENTINA|AUTONOMIA|INTEGRACIÓN REGIONAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2561,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Cultivo de palta: actividad comercial en Tucumán y la Argentina. Gastos de producción 2012.","resumen":"Análisis de indicadores económicos y gastos de producción de&nbsp;palta&nbsp;en Tucumán.","palabras_clave":"ESTADÍSTICAS|GASTOS |PRODUCCIÓN|PALTA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2562,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"92) Pulse processing in optical fibers using the temporal Radon-Wigner transform","resumen":"It is presented the use of the temporal Radon-Wigner transform (RWT),   which is the squared modulus of the fractional Fourier transform (FRT)   for a varying fractional order p, as a processing tool for pulses   with FWHM of ps-tens of ps. For analysis purposes, the complete   numerical generation of the RWT with 0 &lt; p &lt; 1 is proposed to select a particular pulse shape related to a determined value of p.   To this end, the amplitude and phase of the signal to be processed are   obtained using a pulse characterization technique. To synthesize the   processed pulse, the selected FRT irradiance is optically produced   employing a photonic device that combines phase modulation and   dispersive transmission. The practical implementation of this device   involves a scaling factor that depends on the modulation and dispersive   parameters. It is explored the variation of this factor in order to   obtain an enhancement of the particular characteristic sought in the   pulse to be synthesized. To illustrate the implementation of the   proposed method, numerical simulations of its application to compress   signals commonly found in fiber optic transmission systems, are   performed. The examples presented consider chirped Gaussian pulses and   pulses distorted by group velocity dispersion and self-phase modulation.","palabras_clave":"OPTICAL FIBER DEVICES|PULSE COMPRESSION|TIME-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2563,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Proteomic, Metabalomic, and Biochemical Analysis of Heat Treated Valencia oranges during storage","resumen":"Heat treatment induces defense mechanisms.......","palabras_clave":"Citrus fruit|Fermentative metabolism|Fruit Biochemistry|Orange"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2564,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationship between anthropogenic sewage discharge, marsh structure and bird assemblages in an SW Atlantic saltmarsh","resumen":"One of the main effects of urbanization on coastal areas is through the discharge of sewage, which increases nutrient concentrations in the receiving environment. Salt marshes, like other coastal marine environments, are limited by nutrients, mainly nitrogen, and thus increasing nutrient loadings to a marsh may have consequences on marsh characteristics. We evaluated how the effects of nutrient enrichment in the form of sewage input, affected the vegetation structure and bird assemblages in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh system near Bahía Blanca, Argentina (39° 01´ S - 56° 25´ W). Surveys of nutrient concentration, vegetation and birds were made at three different distances from the sewage discharge source. The concentration of ammonium, phosphate, and nitrate and the percent organic matter was higher in marshes nearest to the sewage discharge source. Bird composition and abundance, and vegetation physiognomy changed along a gradient of nutrient concentration. The increased habitat complexity found near the areas of higher nutrient concentration was exploited by birds that use neighboring interior and coastal habitats, including Spartina densiflora marshes, freshwater marshes and upland shrubby habitats. Our results show that local increases of nutrient inputs directly changed the vegetation physiognomy, and indirectly the composition and abundance of bird assemblages.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Saltmarsh bird|Spartina alterniflora|Eutrophication|Coast |Bahía Blanca estuary|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2565,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Patagonian Miocene Falcon Thegornis musculosus Ameghino, 1895 (Aves: Falconidae)","resumen":"The fossil record of the family Falconidae is poor and fragmentary. Extinct representatives from South America include the early-middle Miocene (Santacrucian Thegornis musculosus and Thegornis debilis. Both species were originally described as Falconidae and afterwards moved to Accipitridae Circinae or Buteoninae. The analysis of a very well preserved and complete specimen of T. musculosus with similar stratigraphic and geographic provenances of the type material (lower levels of Santa Cruz Formation, coast of Patagonia, Argentina, corroborates the validity of the genus and its falconid affinities. The skull and postcranial morphology exhibit strong resemblances with the open-savannah inhabiting Herpetotheres and the forest-dwelling Micrastur (Herpetotherinae), but differ substantially from Falconinae (Falconini plus Caracarini). Detailed comparisons with a broad arrange of falconiform taxa in a cladistic framework, confirm its phylogenetic placement within the Herpetotherinae and sister to H. cachinnans. The ecotonal margins produced by the vanishing of humid forests that developed during changes in Patagonian plant communities throughout early Neogene times are hypothesized as a plausible scenario to understand the evolution of this basal clade of falcons.","palabras_clave":"AVES|FALCONIDAE|THEGORNIS|MIOCENO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2566,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CHROMOSOME STUDIES IN ORCHIDACEAE FROM ARGENTINA, III","resumen":"Nine species of five genera of spiranthoid orchids from NE Argentina were chromosomally studied. All these terrestrial orchids share the chromosome number 2n = 46. Pelexia lindmanii Kraenzl (42m+4sm), P. bonariensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (36m+10sm), P. ekmanii (Kraenzl) Schltr. (36m+10sm), Sarcoglottis fasciculata (Vell.) Schltr. (32m+12sm+2st), S. grandiflora (Hook.) Klotzsch (32m+12sm+2st), S. ventricosa (Vell.) Hoehne (32m+12sm+2st), Mesadenella cuspidata (Lindl.) Garay (38m+8sm), Sacoila lanceolata (Aubl.) Garay (38m+8sm) and Skeptrostachys paraguayensis (Rchb. f.) Garay (38m+8sm) also share a bimodal and symmetrical karyotype configuration, with one or a few chromosome pairs relatively larger than the rest, many carrying the NORs and mean centromeric indexes decidedly metacentric, respectively. Additionally, a similar mean chromosome length (1.85±0.15 µm) and a comparable genome size (42.43±3.49 µm) are common features to all of them. These novel cytological evidences along with previous ones of this group support the conclusions of morphological and molecular approaches about the inclusion of Mesadenella Pabst & Garay, Pelexia Poit. ex Lindl., Sacoila Raf., Sarcoglottis C. Presl, and Skeptrostachys Garay within the subtribe Spiranthinae Lindl. Furthermore, the division of Spiranthinae in clades of lower rank, with Mesadenella, Sacoila, and Skeptrostachys in a group and Pelexia with Sarcoglottis segregating together is also supported by our cytological data in agreement with different approaches. Karyotype orthoselection processes may be accountable for the comparable karyotype features, particularly marked within Sarcoglottis and the group of Mesadenella, Sacoila, and Skeptrostachys.","palabras_clave":"Karyotype features|Spiranthoid orchids|Spiranthinae|Phylogeny"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2568,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Species delimitation in the continental forms of the genus Epicrates (Serpentes, Boidae) integrating phylogenetics and environmental niche models","resumen":"Until recently, the genus Epicrates (Boidae) presented only one continental species, Epicrates cenchria, distributed in Central and South America, but after a taxonomic revision using morphologic characters five species were recognized: E. cenchria, E. crassus, E. maurus, E. assisi, and E. alvarezi. We analyzed two independent data sets, environmental niche models and phylogeny based on molecular information, to explore species delimitation in the continental species of this genus. Our results indicated that the environmental requirements of the species are different; therefore there are not evidences of ecological interchangeability among them. There is a clear correlation  between species distributions and the major biogeographic regions of Central and South America. Their overall distribution reveals that allopatry or parapatry is the general pattern. These evidences suggest that habitat isolation prevents or limits gene exchange among them. The phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the continental Epicrates are monophyletic, being E. alvarezi the sister species for the remaining two clades: E. crassus - E. assisi, and E. maurus - E. cenchria. The clade grouping the continental Epicrates is the sister taxon of the genus Eunectes and not of the Caribbean Epicrates clade, indicating that the genus is paraphyletic. There is a non-consistent pattern in niche evolution among continental Epicrates. On the contrary, a high variation and abrupt shifts in environmental variables are shown when ancestral character states were reconstructed on the sequence-based tree. The degree of genetic and ecological divergence among continental Epicrates and the phylogenetic analyses support the elevation to full species of E. cenchria, E. crassus, E. maurus, E. assisi, and E. alvarezi.","palabras_clave":"Epicrates|Species Delimitation,|Phylogeny|Environmental Niche Model|Ecological divergence|Boidae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2569,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of Progesterone Withdrawal on  Hypothalamic Mechanisms Related to  Prolactin Release in Late Pregnant Rats","resumen":"Background\/Aims:&nbsp;Progesterone (P4) fall provoked by spontaneous or prostaglandin F2á (PGF2á)-induced luteolysis in late pregnant rats triggers a prolactin (PRL) surge 12\u201324 h later.&nbsp;Methods:&nbsp;To investigate the hypothalamic mechanism mediating this response, we determined expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), PRL receptors (long form, PRLRlong), estrogen-á (ERá) and ERâ, P4&nbsp;(PR) A and B receptors, and STAT5a, STAT5b, suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), SOCS3 and CIS at mRNA (by semiquantitative and real-time RT-PCR) and protein (by Western blot only for TH, ERá and PRs) levels, and dopamine and DOPAC (by high-performance liquid chromatography) contents in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) 24 h after luteolysis induced by a PGF2á analogue (cloprostenol, 25 µg\/rat s.c. at 8 and 12 h on day 19 of pregnancy).&nbsp;Results:&nbsp;PGF2á treatment decreased circulating P4&nbsp;and estradiol and increased PRL and the estradiol\/P4ratio. MBH DOPAC and DOPAC\/dopamine ratio fell, indicating decreased dopaminergic transmission. PRLRlong, PRB and ERá mRNA increased. ERá and PR proteins were not modified. However, TH protein and mRNA did not change. PRA, the small PR isoform, was much more abundant than PRB, the isoform considered to mediate P4&nbsp;genomic actions. STAT5a, SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA were also increased.&nbsp;Conclusion:&nbsp;The P4&nbsp;fall induced by PGF2á treatment induces PRL release through diminution in MBH dopaminergic transmission without change in TH expression. The increased PRLR along with elevated circulating PRL may be responsible for maintaining high TH expression through activation of short-loop feedback mechanisms, counteracting the effect of the fall in circulating P4. In parallel, SOCS expression contributes to limit PRL signaling.","palabras_clave":"Pregnancy|Prolactin|Dopamine|Progesterone|Estrogen| Tyrosine hydroxylase"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2570,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mild testicular hyperthermia transiently increases lipid droplet accumulation and modifies sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid acyl chains in the rat testis","resumen":"Spermatogenesis is known to be vulnerable to temperature. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on testicular lipids of the transient germ cell loss that is induced by mild testicular hyperthermia. Adult rat testes were exposed once a day to 43ºC during 15 minutes for 5 days and the effects were followed for several weeks. Two week after the last heat exposure, spermatocytes and early spermatids had virtually disappeared and the seminiferous tubules were populated mostly by mature spermatids and spermatozoa. One week later, the latter were also absent and mostly Sertoli cells populated the tubules. During these 3 weeks, glycerophospholipids (Gpl) and triacylglycerols with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., 22:5n-6) and species of sphingomyelin and ceramide with nonhydroxy and 2-hydroxy very long-chain (VLC) PUFA (e.g., 28:4n-6, 2-OH 30:5n-6) decreased alongside the germ cells. Concomitantly, the amounts of cholesteryl esters and ether-linked triglycerides increased, both lipids accumulating long-chain and very-long-chain polyenes. This concurred with a considerable buildup of lipid droplets in Sertoli cells, evidently containing these neutral lipids, apparently formed during germ cell-derived membrane lipid catabolism. Between week 4 and week 6, new cohorts of spermatocytes appeared, and by week 12 most cell changes were reversed. Accordingly, as germ cell differentiation proceeded, 22:5n-6-rich Gpl augmented and spermatocyte-associated sphingolipids with nonhydroxy VLCPUFA appeared before their 2-hydroxy counterparts. The unique fatty acids of rat testicular lipids after mild hyperthermia reveal lipid catabolic and biosynthetic reactions that occur in normal spermatogenesis. ","palabras_clave":"HYPERTHERMIA|CHOLESTEROL ESTERS|SPHINGOLIPIDS|VERY LONG CHAIN PUFA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2571,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Distribución de Lutzomyia longipalpis en la Mesopotamia Argentina, 2010","resumen":"El primer caso autóctono de leishmaniasis visceral (LV) en la Argentina se notificó en el año 2006 en Posadas, Misiones, y en el verano 2008-2009 se comprobó la dispersión del vector de LV, Lutzomyia longipalpis y casos de LV canina en la provincia de Corrientes. Para conocer la distribución del riesgo,entre febrero y marzo del 2010 se realizó la búsqueda sistemática del vector de LV en 18 localidades de las provincias de Entre Ríos, Corrientes y en la ciudad de Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, totalizando 313 trampas\/noche. Se comprobó la presencia de Lu. longipalpis, por primera vez, en las localidades de Chajarí (Entre Ríos), Alvear, La Cruz, Curuzú Cuatiá y Bella Vista (Corrientes), y en Puerto Iguazú (Misiones). En Santo Tomé y Monte Caseros (Corrientes) se volvió a registrar la presencia del vector, y se obtuvieron las trampas con más ejemplares,  830 y 126 Lu. longipalpis trampa\/sitio\/noche respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que el vector de la LV urbana, continúa dispersándose en el territorio argentino. Simultáneamente, la propagación del parásito, y losconsecuentes casos de LV humana se asocian al aumento de reservorios, perros infectados con o sin clínica, debidos al tránsito humano.","palabras_clave":"LUTZOMYIA LONGIPALPIS|LEISHMANIASIS VISCERAL|PUERTO IGUAZÚ|ENTRE RÍOS|CORRIENTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2572,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Intramammary inoculation of Panax ginseng extract in cows at drying off enhances early mammary involution","resumen":"This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a single intramammary infusion of Panax ginseng extract on cell proliferation and deathmechanism in bovine mammary gland during early involution. Eight mammary quarters from six non-pregnant cows in late lactation were infused with 10 ml of ginseng solution (3 mg\/ml), six quarters were treated with 10ml of placebo (vehicle alone) and six quarters were maintained as uninoculated controls. Milking was interrupted after infusion. Animals included in the three groups were slaughtered 7 d after inoculation and samples for histological analysis were taken. Morphometric analysis showed a significant increase in percentages of mammary tissue area occupied by stroma in ginseng-treated quarters compared with controls. A significant increase of immunostained area for bax protein and active caspase-3 was observed in ginseng-treated quarters compared with controls, whereas no differences were observed for bcl-2 immunostaining. Expression of bax mRNA was significantly higher in ginseng-treated quarters than in controls. The bax\/bcl-2 ratio indicated a significant predominance of bax over bcl-2 mRNA expression in ginseng-treated quarters compared with controls. The rise of epithelial and stromal cell apoptosis in situ by TUNEL was more marked in quarters treated with ginseng than in controls. Ginseng inoculation had no effect on the number of epithelial and stromal proliferating cells labelled with Ki-67 antibody. Ratio of apoptotic to proliferating cells was higher in quarters treated with ginseng compared with controls, indicating a net loss of cells in parenchymal components. Also, the intramammary inoculation of ginseng extract at drying off increased the rate of mammary cell apoptosis without inhibiting cell proliferation. Taken together, these changes are indicative of mammary regression enhancement during early involution. ","palabras_clave":"Panax ginseng|bovine mammary gland|involution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2573,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stable Solutions on Matching Models with Quota Restrictions","resumen":"In this paper, we present a matching market in which an institution has to hire a set of pairs of complementary workers, and has a quota that is the maximum number of candidates pair positions to be filled. We define a natural stable solution and first show that in the unrestricted institution preferences domain, the set of stable solution may be empty and second we obtain a complete characterization of the stable sets under responsive restriction of the institution´s preference.","palabras_clave":"Matching.|Stability|Quota restriction."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2574,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"APLICACIÓN DEL MÉTODO ESPECTRAL A LA CARTA MAGNÉTICA DE LA SIERRA DEL  VELASCO. UN MÉTODO PARA DETERMINACIÓN DE PROFUNDIDADES.","resumen":"Se tomaron cuatro perfiles pertenecientes al mapa de anomalías magnéticas de la sierra de Velasco y se les aplicó la técnica de filtrado llamada Método Espectral - Análisis Frecuencial de Señales.  Estos primeros resultados a partir de datos magnéticos señalan que las anomalías residuales, tendrían profundidades entre 1,97 y 3,21 km desde la superficie. Se asigna en una primera hipótesis que esta profundidad está relacionada con la de los granitoides que componen esta sierra.","palabras_clave":"ESPECTRO DE FRECUENCIA|SIERRA DE VELASCO|MAGNETOMETRÍA|PROFUNDIDAD DEL BASAMENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2575,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"VEGF EXPRESSION IN HEPATECTOMIZED TUMOR-BEARING MICE","resumen":"The experiments were designed in order to study the VEGF expression in intact (group I), hepatectomized (group II), and hepatectomized-tumor bearing mice (group III) throughout one complete circadian time span. Adult male mice were used for the VEGF expression   study. The statistical analysis was performed using analysis of   variance (ANOVA). The results showed statistical differences in the VEGF expression between groups I and II, but the most significant differences were found between groups I and III. In conclusion, these expressions have a circadian rhythm in all groups; moreover, in group III, this expression was higher and appeared before than in the others.","palabras_clave":"ANGIOGENESIS|CIRCADIAN RHYTHM|LIVER|MICE|TUMOR|VEGF"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2576,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Políticas públicas de empleo III 2002\/2010","resumen":"El colapso económico de finales de 2001 tuvo consecuencias catastróficas sobre los niveles de empleo en el mercado laboral argentino, que ya había experimentado un marcado deterioro a lo largo de la década de 1990. Al cambio de modelo económico, que tuvo entre sus principales objetivos lograr una recuperación del empleo, se sumaron políticas públicas específicamente diseñadas para paliar el deterioro en la situación laboral de los sectores sociales más desprotegidos. El presente documento, hace un recorrido exhaustivo de la totalidad de programas de empleo y de acciones para los principales programas de empleo que se desarrollaron en el período de la post-convertibidad, incluyendo a aquellos del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la nación.","palabras_clave":"POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE EMPLEO|PERÍODO 2002 - 2010|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2577,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La infección periodontal y la salud sistémica de nuestros pacientes. Parte III.","resumen":"No es nueva la creencia  que las bacterias orales tienen influencias en la salud sistémica de nuestros pacientes. El médico ingles W. Hunter, en el año 1900 llamo ?Septicemia Oral? a las bacterias que en caries, patología periapical y en lesiones gingivoperiodontales podrían causar enfermedades sistémicas como meningitis, artritis entre varias otras (1). Años después se cuestiono severamente esta teoría asi como también la llamada?infección focal? al constatar la falta de evidencias que dichas enfermedades estuvieran relacionadas con patologías orales dentarias. Sin embargo en el año 1955 la American Heart Association, comunico oficialmente la recomendación del control de la endocarditis bacteriana luego de efectuar tratamientos orales  en pacientes susceptibles (2). Esto significo el reconocimiento, en primer lugar e histórico de la Medicina al aceptar las infecciones de microorganismos orales como posibles causantes de una patología sistémica (3). Este podría considerarse como el inicio de dos aspectos del saber medico interrelacionados como son las patologías cardiacas y estomatológicas. Los Odontólogos recibimos una importante cantidad de pacientes con patologías vasculares como  así también pacientes con patologías gingivoperiodontales.Nuestro objetivo es presentar en forma resumida estos conceptos actuales al practico general esperando que este pueda incorporarlo en el diagnostico y tratamiento y para su divulgación no solo en sus pacientes sino también en los médicos tratantes. Si duda el objetivo importante es actuar preventivamente en estas causas habituales de patologías en nuestros pacientes.","palabras_clave":"patologías sistémicas|patologías gingivoperiodontales|etiología"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2588,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Performance of the ATLAS Trigger System in 2010","resumen":"Proton-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV and heavy ion collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 2.76 TeV were produced by the LHC and recorded using the ATLAS experiment's trigger system in 2010. The LHC is designed with a maximum bunch crossing rate of 40 MHz and the ATLAS trigger system is designed to record approximately 200 of these per second. The trigger system selects events by rapidly identifying signatures of muon, electron, photon, tau lepton, jet, and B meson candidates, as well as using global event signatures, such as missing transverse energy. An overview of the ATLAS trigger system, the evolution of the system during 2010 and the performance of the trigger system components and selections based on the 2010 collision data are shown. A brief outline of plans for the trigger system in 2011 is presented","palabras_clave":"trigger|performance|ATLAS|2010"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2605,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Red de evaluación de cultivares de soja para el noroeste argentino. Resultados de la campaña 2012\/2013.","resumen":"La presente ?Publicación Especial El cultivo de la soja en el Noroeste Argentino. Campaña 2014\/2015? condensa los contenidos de estos talleres. Mediante la misma se pretende difundir con rapidez los resultados obtenidos en los ensayos llevados a cabo o coordinados por personal de la institución durante la mencionada campaña. Entre los contenidos de esta publicación, se destaca todo la información generada a partir de la  Red de Evaluación de Cultivares de Soja en Macroparcelas para el Noroeste Argentino, que coordina la EEAOC y en la cual colaboran otras instituciones y organizaciones de productores. Cabe consignar que esta red de ensayos, que se viene conduciendo ininterrumpidamente desde la campaña 1997\/1998, posibilita conocer el desempeño en el gran cultivo de las variedades de soja disponibles comercialmente en la región, en diferentes localidades de Tucumán, Salta, Santiago del Estero y Catamarca. Este esquema de evaluación mantiene su vigencia, ya que las empresas semilleras lanzan todos los años nuevos cultivares al mercado, tornándose por lo tanto necesaria una valoración imparcial del desempeño de los nuevos materiales. En los ensayos de la red de la campaña 2014\/2015 se incluyeron 41 cultivares, 18 de los cuales participaron por primera vez. Del total, 16 contaban con la nueva tecnología RR2Bt, conocida comercialmente como Intacta RR2 PRO, la cual además de resistencia al herbicida glifosato, otorga al cultivo resistencia contra lepidópteros. Los restantes 25 tenían la tecnología RR1 (resistencia a glifosato), de los cuales tres de ellos tenían además la tecnología STS que le otorga resistencia a herbicidas sulfonilureas. Se había previsto que en esta campaña los ensayos de macroparcelas se implantaran en 16 localidades; sin embargo, solamente se pudieron sembrar en 10 de ellas, ya que las restantes no cumplían con los requerimientos exigidos por las variedades con dicha tecnología","palabras_clave":"GLYCINE MAX|MEJORAMIENTO GENÉTICO|EVALUACIÓN DE CULTIVARES|ESTABILIDAD|ADAPTACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2645,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence of active regions for ion transport in lithium silicate glasses using  the isoconfigurational ensemble: Part II.","resumen":"In the context of the ionic transport in glasses, the concept of conduction ?channels? (or pathways) has proved to be useful to rationalize both experimental and computational results. While the concept of transport channel is well defined for crystalline solid conductors, for the case of glasses this concept mainly refers to a finite region of the sample (at least in the diffusive time scale) in which mobile ions have a convenient environment to perform the electrical transport. In the previous work, we present an alternative way to put into evidence the existence of such regions in the diffusion time scale during a Molecular dynamics experiment. In fact in that work [1] we use the so-called Isoconfigurational Method (IC) and the associated concept of particle propensity, both recently introduced by Harrowell and co-workers [2] .Then the notion of particle propensity to movement --immerse in the IC method-- was employed to find the existence of regions which are dynamically more active for the moving particles: the conduction ?channels?. In the present paper we provide more computational evidence to support our alternative description of a ?channel?: we show in this paper that our procedure is exactly equivalent to the approach previously adopted by other authors in the literature. This coincidence between the two searching strategies allow us to add more information about the nature of the channels. In fact, we can state now for the first time that the existence of the channels is defined at the very beginning of the dynamics and they remain almost unchanged even in the diffusive (nanosecond) scale. Besides, it was shown that a ?channel? is a region of sample which is also highly correlated dynamically during the trajectory of the moving ions, well in contrast with the usual picture which only shows the existence of a spatial (static) correlation.","palabras_clave":"MOLECULAR DYNAMICS|IONIC CONDUCTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2646,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Comportamiento de cultivares de sorgo granífero, campaña 2010\/2011","resumen":"La EEA Rafaela es parte de la Red Nacional de Evaluación de Cultivares de Sorgo del INTA. En la campaña 2011\/2012 se evaluaron 44 híbridos comerciales y uno precomercial en una única fecha de siembra. La experiencia se realizó en un suelo Argiudol típico (Serie Rafaela) que fuera ocupado por soja el año anterior. La fertilidad del lote fue normal para este tipo de suelos (MO= 2,6%, N total= 0,143%, P= 37,8 ppm y pH= 6,3) y la oferta inicial del nitrógeno edáfico fue baja (N-N03= 1,0 ppm), al igual que el contenido de azufre de sulfatos (9,0 ppm). Las reservas de agua útil inicial hasta 1,5 metros de profundidad eran escasas (134 mm). El cultivo se instaló en siembra directa el 15\/11\/11, con 15 semillas\/metro lineal de surco y la emergencia se produjo el 22 del mismo mes. El diseño utilizado fue de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones y las parcelas constaron de cuatro surcos de 5 m de largo distanciados a 0,52 m. Los datos se analizaron mediante un análisis de la varianza y la comparación de medias se realizó con el Test de Test: Scott &amp; Knott Alfa=0,05. El rendimiento promedio del ensayo fue bajo (4679 kg\/ha), con un potencial individual que escasamente alcanzó los 6433 kg\/ha. Los materiales se agruparon en tres niveles de productividad, incluyendo el rango superior a DK61 T, TS281, QC7381 y VDH314 con más de 6000 kg\/ha, todos con evaluación previa destacada. La información permite corroborar el buen comportamiento de materiales evaluados en campañas anteriores y disponer de información preliminar de algunos nuevos como TOB62T y GEN417 ST. ","palabras_clave":"SORGO|HIBRIDOS|RENDIMIENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2658,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Flora de los afloramientos de mármoles y serpentinitas de las Sierras de Córdoba (  Argentina)","resumen":"  Los afloramientos rocosos constituyen  hábitats importantes desde el punto de vista de conservación de la  biodiversidad. En este trabajo se provee de un catálogo de las especies de  plantas vasculares que crecen en los afloramientos cálcicos y dolomíticos  (mármoles) y serpentinitas de la   Sierra de Córdoba, se describe la variación composicional de  su flora y se explora su relación litológico-geoquímica sobre la distribución  de los grupos florísticos detectados. Treinta y uno (31) afloramientos fueron  relevados en un área que se extendió en unos 280 km de latitud y 120 km de longitud (30° 42' a 33° 5' Lat. Sur y 64° 20' a 65° 20' Long. Oeste) y desde los 500 m.s.m hasta los 2000 m.s.m. El área promedio  relevada en cada afloramiento fue de aproximadamente 2725 m2 en donde se realizó el  inventario de todas las especies de plantas vasculares presentes, su colección  y el muestreo litológico para la evaluación posterior de la geoquímica de las  rocas. Se registraron 404 especies distribuidas en 67 familias y 255 géneros.  Se mencionan 6 citas nuevas para la provincia. La endemoflora de los 31  afloramientos comprende 88 especies. La riqueza promedio de especies de los  afloramientos fue de 68 y la diversidad promedio de H = 4,14. El total de  especies medicinales relevadas en los afloramientos fue de 212. Las  hemicriptófitas (52%), caméfitas (17 %), fanerófitas (16%) y geófitas (9 %)  fueron las formas de vida predominantes. La composición florística a nivel  regional, variable a lo largo del gradiente geográfico -y climático-, se sobre  impuso a la variación local ambiental (geoquímica, altitud) entre los  afloramientos. Se identificó un número mínimo de sitios a conservar que  incluyen la máxima biodiversidad a través de los datos disponibles de riqueza,  diversidad, número de especies endémicas, y rareza.       Palabras clave: Afloramientos rocosos; Mármoles; Serpentinitas; Flora.","palabras_clave":"Afloramientos rocosos|Mármoles|Serpentinitas|Flora"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2659,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Resultados económicos de los cultivos de garbanzo y trigo en Tucumán en la campaña 2010 y perspectivas para 2011","resumen":"Análisis de indicadores económicos, gastos y márgenes brutos de los cultivos de garbanzo y trigo en Tucumán. ","palabras_clave":"ESTADÍSTICAS|GASTOS|GARBANZO|TRIGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2660,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Fertilización líquida en trigo. Resultados de la campaña 2010\/2011.","resumen":"&nbsp;En la campaña 2011-12 se instaló un nuevo ensayo en el INTA de Rafaela,con diferentes fertilizantes que contienen nitrógeno (N) y azufre( S)aplicada en la etapa de macollaje, con el objetivo de evaluar la respuesta productiva del trigo.En general la aplicación de diferentes fuentes y dosis, mejoraron elrendimiento del testigo. Con la aplicación de la mayor dosis de Sol Plus selogró incrementar la productividad del trigo en 637 kg\/ha y con la mismadosis de Sol UAN, en 444 kg\/ha. La mejor respuesta productiva del trigo se logró al combinarse los 40 kg de N con las diferentes dosis de S.La mejor respuesta productiva del trigo se logró al combinarse los 40 kg de N con las diferentes dosis de S.La mejor respuesta productiva del trigo se logró al combinarse los 40 kg de N con las diferentes dosis de S.","palabras_clave":"FERTILIZANTES|NITRÓGENO|AZUFRE|TRIGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2661,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"IMPLICATION OF VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY ON VASCULAR INJURY RELATED TO INFLAMMATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS","resumen":"Eur J Nutr. 2011 Apr 22. [Epub ahead of print]Implication of Vitamin A deficiency on vascular injury related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Effects on the ultrastructure of rat aorta.Gatica LV, Oliveros LB, Pérez Díaz MF, Domínguez NS, Fornes MW, Gimenez MS.SourceDepartment of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.AbstractBACKGROUND: Vitamin A deficiency induces activation of NF-kB and impairs activities of antioxidant enzymes in aorta.AIM OF THE STUDY: We study the effect of vitamin A deficiency on the aorta histoarchitecture and the possibly contribution of its prooxidant and inflammatory effects to artery alterations.METHODS: Twenty-one-day-old Wistar male rats were fed during 3&nbsp;months with vitamin A-deficient diet (-A, n&nbsp;=&nbsp;8) or the same diet containing 8&nbsp;mg of retinol palmitate\/kg of diet (+A, control, n&nbsp;=&nbsp;8). In aortas, thiobarbituric reactive substances and reduced glutathione levels were measured by spectrophotometry. Expressions of TNF-alpha, NOX-2, VCAM-1, and TGF-beta1 were assessed by RT-PCR and Western Blot. The morphology of aorta was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy.RESULTS: In -A rats, high levels of TBARS in serum and aorta and low levels of GSH in aorta were found. An increased expression of TNF-alpha, NOX-2, VCAM-1, and TGF-beta1 in aorta from -A rats was observed. Examination of the intimal layer by light microscopy indicated the presence of an irregular surface in -A aortas. TEM studies showed large vacuoles and multivesicular bodies along the endothelium and also multivesicular bodies in the subendothelial space of aortas from -A rats. Furthermore, the histological appearance of internal elastic lamina was different from control. Small vesicles in the medial layer were observed in aortas from vitamin A-deficient rats.CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin A deficiency produces histoarchitectural alterations in aorta, which can be associated, at least in part, to the oxidative stress and inflammation induced by vitamin A deficiency.","palabras_clave":"vitamin A |aorta histoarchitecture|TNF-alpha; NOX-2|VCAM-1; TGF-beta"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2662,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Notch signaling proteins HES-1 and Hey-1 bind to insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) proximal promoter and repress its transcription and activity: Implications for cellular A&#946; metabolism","resumen":"Cerebral amyloid &#946; (A&#946;) accumulation is pathogenically associated with sporadic Alzheimer?s disease (SAD). BACE-1 is involved in A&#946; generation while insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) partakes in A&#946; proteolytic clearance. Vulnerable regions in AD brains show increased BACE-1 protein levels and enzymatic activity while the opposite occurs with IDE. Another common feature in SAD brains is Notch1 overexpression. Here we demonstrate an increase in mRNA levels of Hey-1, a Notch target gene, and a decrease of IDE transcripts in the hippocampus of SAD brains as compared to controls. Transient transfection of Notch intracellular domain (NICD) in N2aSW cells, mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a) stably expressing human amyloid precursor protein (APP) Swedish mutation, reduce IDE mRNA levels, promoting extracellular Abeta accumulation. Also, NICD, HES-1 and Hey-1 overexpression result in decreased IDE proximal promoter activity. This effect was mediated by 2 functional sites located at -379\/-372 and -310\/-303 from the first translation start site in the -575\/-19 (556 bp) fragment of IDE proximal promoter. By site-directed mutagenesis of the IDE promoter region we reverted the inhibitoryeffect mediated by NICD transfection suggesting that these sites are indeed responsible for the Notch-mediated inhibition of the IDE gene expression. Intracranial injection of the Notch ligand JAG-1 in Tg2576 mice, expressing the Swedish mutation in human APP, induced overexpression of HES-1 and Hey-1 and reduction of IDE mRNA levels, respectively. Our results support that a Notch-dependent IDE transcriptional modulation may impact on Abeta metabolism providing a functional link between Notch signaling and the amyloidogenic pathway in SAD.","palabras_clave":"INSULYSIN|NOTCH|TRANSCRIPTION|AMYLOID"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2663,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence for leaf endophyte regulation of root symbionts: Effect of Neotyphodium endophytes on the pre-infective state of mycorrhizal fungi Symbiosis","resumen":"Neotyphodium endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are  common constituents of natural grasslands. The plant?endophyte symbiosis can  introduce changes in soil conditions that affect the density and activity of  different functional groups of soil organisms. A few experiments have reported  that leaf endophytes can reduce mycorrhizal sporulation and colonization of  host roots in agronomic hosts, contrasting with the studies we have conducted in native grasses  from Argentina.  In the present work we performed in vitro assays to evaluate the effect of  root and endophyte exudates on the pre-infective state of mycorrhizal fungi (Gigaspora margarita and G. rosea). Plant roots of Bromus setifolius, from populations of Patagonia and four strains of Neotyphodium were used to obtain the  exudates. Root exudates of infected plants, at a high  concentration, significantly increased AMF hyphal branches and length. The effect of endophyte exudates on AMF mycelia  lenght, varied depending on strain and the concentration used, suggesting a  differential interaction between endophyte and AMF species. AMF hyphal branches  were increased by fungal exudates in both mycorrhizal species. This study reports  the direct and positive effect of Neotyphodium endophytes on AMF pre-infective state, supporting previous information on  native grasses.","palabras_clave":"Arbuscular mycorrhiza · |Bromus setifolius |endophytes |interaction ·"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2664,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Salicylic acid enhances Staphylococcus aureus extracellular adhesin protein (Eap) expression","resumen":"One of the virulence factors required by Staphylococcus aureus at the early stages of infection is Eap, a secreted adhesin that binds many host proteins and is upregulated by the two-component regulatory system saeRS. The S. aureus Newman strain harbors a mutation in saeS that is thought to be responsible for the high level of Eap expression in this strain. This study was designed to ascertain whether salicylic acid (SAL) affects the expression of Eap and the internalization of S. aureus into epithelial cells. The strain Newman treated with SAL exhibited increased levels of eap transcription and protein expression. Furthermore, SAL treatment increased the eap promoter activity. SAL treatment enhanced Eap expression in the Newman and in other S. aureus strains that do not carry the mutation in saeS. Internalization of S. aureus eap and sae mutants into the MAC-T epithelial cells was significantly decreased compared with the wild-type counterparts. In conclusion, we demonstrated that a low concentration of SAL increased S. aureus Eap expression possibly due to enhancement of sae. SAL may create the conditions for S. aureus persistence in the host, not only by decreasing the capsular polysaccharide expression as shown before, but also by enhancing Eap expression.","palabras_clave":"STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS|SALICYLIC ACID|EXTRACELLULAR ADHESIN PROTEIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2665,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"2&#9472;Chloroethylisocyanate. Thermal decomposition and spectroscopic properties","resumen":"2-Chloroethylisocyanate has been studied in a thorough way. NMR, Raman, FTIRand Ar-matrix vibrational spectra of the molecule are presented and discussed with the2complement of ab-initio and DFT methods. Spectroscopic results reveal the existence of theanti and gauche conformers, which are equally populated in the gas phase. Thermaldecomposition between 393 and 648 K shows two different pathways depending on thetemperature, which can be interpreted in terms of simple second and first order mechanisms,respectively. Quantum mechanical calculations reproduce the experimental results","palabras_clave":"Isocyanates|Conformational equilibrium|Vibrational spectroscopy|Quantum mechanical calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2666,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Distribution and behavior of Argentine hake larvae: Evidences of a biophysical mechanism for self-recruitment at the North Patagonian shelf Waters","resumen":"It has been proposed that vertical movements of planktonic organisms coupled to a horizontally or vertically stratified circulation pattern could describe a retention mechanism, with ecological advantages such as favoring recruitment success. The Patagonian stock of the Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi spawns mainly from January to February in relation to a highly productive tidal frontal system. Although retention of fish eggs and larvae has been previously hypothesized for this system, it has not been fully proven and its mechanisms have not yet been proposed for hake early stages. To better understand the physical and biological processes involved in the survival and distribution of hake larvae, we focused on transport features and associated larval behavior governing the retention of larvae in the spawning area and their subsequent distribution to settlement and nursery grounds. To test this hypothesis at appropriate spatial and temporal scales, we analyzed acoustic records to describe vertical and horizontal distribution patterns of hake larvae, discrete plankton samples to confirm the identity of acoustic targets, and outputs from a numerical circulation model to estimate current patterns in the region during the hake spawning months. Coinciding with the development of a functional swimbladder, hake larvae of 4 mm and larger showed a strong vertical distribution pattern associated with a sound scattering layer migrating from the thermocline during the night to near-bottom depths during the day. This diel vertical migration pattern was associated with the circulation structure, equivalent to a two-layer flow, indicating a recirculation pattern in the vertical plane. The retention of early larval stages in the spawning area was evident from the acoustic data, indicating a persistent location for the bulkof hake larvae at the main spawning ground during summer months. The distribution extends to the rest of the nursery grounds as the breeding season advances in agreement with the general pattern of middle shelf bottom circulation vectors produced by the numerical model. The resultsare discussed within the framework of Bakun?s fundamental triad, identifying its elements. In addition, a conceptual model for the main biophysical coupling processes during the early life history of M. hubbsi is proposed in order to gain insight about the recruitment mechanismof this species.","palabras_clave":"HAKE|LARVAE|RECRUITMENT|RETENTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2667,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A simple test for the detection of KPC and metallo-&#946;-lactamase carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with the use of meropenem disks supplemented with aminophenylboronic acid, dipicolinic acid and cloxacillin.","resumen":"We evaluated the ability of the combination disk test (CDT) andthe Modified Hodge Test (MHT) to discriminate between vari-ous carbapenemase-producingPseudomonas aeruginosaisolates(KPC,n= 36; metallo-b-lactamase (MBL),n= 38) and carbape-nemase non-producers (n= 75). For the CDT, the optimalinhibitor concentrations and cut-off values were: 600lgof3-aminophenylboronic acid (APB) per disk (an increment of\u20214 mm), 1000lg of dipicolinic acid (DPA) per disk (an incre-ment of\u20215 mm) and 3000lg of cloxacillin per disk (an incre-ment of\u20213 mm). APB had excellent sensitivity (97%) andspecificity (97%) for the detection of KPC enzymes. DPAdetected MBL enzymes with a sensitivity and specificity of 97%and 81%, respectively. The MHT resulted in a low sensitivity(78%) and specificity (57%). The CDT could be very useful indaily practice to provide fast and reliable detection of KPC andMBL carbapenemases amongP. aeruginosaisolates.","palabras_clave":"DETECTION|CARBAPENEMASE|KPC|METALLO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2668,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Staphylococcus aureus meticilino-resistente adquiridos en la comunidad: Detección de leucocidina de Panton-Valentine y su relación con el sitio de aislamiento en pacientes de la ciudad de Santa Fe \u2013 Argentina","resumen":"Staphylococcus aureus   meticilino-resistente (SAMR) es   una bacteria asociada a infecciones intrahospitalarias. Desde   1990 emergió como patógeno de la comunidad, SAMR-AC,   afectando a personas previamente sanas. Se caracteriza por   presentar   staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec   (SCC  mec  )   que le confiere resistencia a meticilina, siendo sensible al resto   de los antimicrobianos o resistente a no más de un antibiótico   no betalactámico. Su virulencia se asocia principalmente a   la leucocidina Panton-Valentine.   Objetivos:   a) confirmar la   meticilino-resistencia; b) determinar la prevalencia de los genes   pvl  ; c) relacionar su presencia con la muestra clínica, el grupo   etario  y la evolución clínica. Se estudiaron 141 SAMR-AC: 70   de pediatría y 71 de adultos. Se investigaron los genes   mec   A   y   pvl   por PCR. Todos los aislamientos presentaron el gen   mec A  . Del total, 92 (65%) fueron PVL (+) y 49 (35%) PVL   (-). De los PVL (+), 51 provenían de niños y 41 de adultos.   Respecto al sitio de aislamiento, 73 (79%) SAMR-AC PVL   (+) se recuperaron de piel y partes blandas (PPB) en ambas   poblaciones. Se produjo el deceso de 4 pacientes (2 niños y   2 adultos) portadores de SAMR-AC PVL (+).   Conclusíon:   a)   la detección fenotípica de la meticilino-resistencia coincidió   con la portación del   mec A,   b) existe una alta circulación de   SAMR- AC PVL (+) en la población estudiada, c) la recupera  -  ción de SAMR-AC PVL (+) se asoció principalmente a PPB y la   prevalencia fue similar para ambos grupos etarios. Se comprobó SAMR-AC PVL (+) en los 4 pacientes fallecidos.","palabras_clave":"SAMR ADQUIRIDOS EN LA COMUNIDAD |mecA|lEUCOCIDINA  PANTON VALENTINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2670,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemical composition and bioactivity of Acantholippia seriphioides essential oils from the Patagonia","resumen":"The aerial parts of Acantholippia seriphioides (A. Gray) Mold. were collected from three sites in the neighborhood of Comodoro Rivadavia, in Patagonia (Astra, Saavedra and Rada Tilly), and their essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID\/MS. Results obtained by the analysis indicated chemovariability in the oils from these sites when matched with other sites. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (92.6?95.1%) were the main group of constituents in all populations, mainly thymol (33.7?38.5%) p-cymene (26.5?35.3%) and g-terpinene (8.3?12.7%). Essential oils were submitted to biological assays in order to assess their general toxic activity on Artemia salina, and the inhibition effects in the germination and seedling growth of Lactuca sativa. Saavedra sample, associated with greater limonene, carvone, carvacrol and p-cymene contents, was the most active to the A. salina test (LD50 = 23,08 ìg\/mL-1). Astra sample, associated to a greater relative proportion of g-terpinene, thymol methyl ether and neral, was the most active to the germination and seedling growth test (IC50=1.86 ìg\/mL-1). Saavedra sample also showed high activity (IC50= 37.53 ìg\/mL-1). The bioactivities were not proportional to the content of present active monoterpenes.                                                   ","palabras_clave":"Acantolippia seriphioides|essential oils GC-FID-MS|Brine shrimp|allelopatic interaction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2671,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Caracterización geoambiental y cultural del Período Formativo en Selvas Occidentales Meridionales: sitio ?Horco Molle? (Dpto. de Yerba Buena, Tucumán).","resumen":"El objetivo del presente trabajo es contribuir al conocimiento de las características geoambientalesy culturales del piedemonte tucumano durante el Período Formativo y las formas en que los gruposhumanos interactuaron con ellas. La metodología articuló fotointerpretación geomorfológica,excavaciones arqueológicas, descripción de perfiles de suelos y análisis tipológico del material cerámicoy lítico. Concluimos que condiciones paleoclimáticas húmedas y suelos loéssicos favorecieron elasentamiento de grupos formativos con cerámica de estilo Candelaria sobre unidades geomorfológicasdiferentes (abanico aluvial y glacis cubierto) durante las Fases Chuscha (200-400 DC) y Choromoro(400-700 DC), y posiblemente Molleyaco (400-700 DC) y Rupachico (700-1000 DC). Ladisponibilidad y adecuación de ciertas rocas y minerales para la producción de artefactos líticos ycerámicos influyeron en bajos costos de obtención, de manufactura, en los procesos de depositación,escaso reuso y en la ausencia de reclamación de artefactos. Los resultados son de interés para laarqueología de Selvas Occidentales meridionales.","palabras_clave":"ASENTAMIENTOS PERIODO FORMATIVO|SITIOS ARQUEOLOGICOS CANDELARIA|SELVAS OCCIDENTALES MERIDIONALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2672,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto del tratamiento con acetonida de triamcinolona sobre la glucemia en gatos","resumen":"El gato ha demostrado ser más resistente a la presentación de reacciones adversas a losglucocorticoides aunque su particular sensibilidad a desarrollar hiperglucemia podría signifi car unmayor efecto diabetogénico en esta especie, principalmente durante tratamientos prolongados. Losdatos bibliográfi cos en esta área son escasos, por lo que nos propusimos estudiar las modifi cacionesen la glucemia de gatos (n=8) tratados con una dosis (0,22 mg\/kg) por vía subcutánea de acetonidade triamcinolona. Los niveles de glucemia se valoraron indirectamente a través de la medición defructosamina en plasma inmediatamente antes de la administración del preparado y luego a los15 días. No se detectaron diferencias signifi cativas entre los valores pre y post administración,sugiriendo este hallazgo un control normal de la glucemia luego de una sola dosis parenteral delglucocorticoide de depósito","palabras_clave":"ACETONIDA|TRIANCINOLONA|GATOS|GLUCEMIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2674,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"De la psicología en el campo de trabajo a la vulnerabilidad psicosociolaboral. Metodología y práctica de la construcción conceptual. Parte II","resumen":"Este artículo es la segunda parte que complementa un primer artículo titulado de la misma forma. Se propone presentar un balance que pretende ser de utilidad para quienes están comenzando a sumergirse en la problemática de lo laboral. Asimismo, adquiere las características de un desafío a la critica de los colegas que han compartidos con nosotros congresos y encuentros y los debates mas importantes de este campo. de este modo, se presenta como un proceso de construcción de conocimiento en el campo de la psicología del trabajo y las organizaciones.","palabras_clave":"INVESTIGACION |DOCENCIA|TRABAJO|SALUD MENTAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2730,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Adaptabilidad y estabilidad de variedades de soja  en la vregión sojera II-2 Argentina. Campañas 2009\/10, 2010\/11 y 2011\/12","resumen":"Cuando no se tiene certeza sobre el ambiente en que desarrollará el cultivo, la elección del genotipo, recaerá en los denominados de estabilidad superior, o sea, de buen comportamiento en diversas condiciones productivas. En tanto que, cuando se dispone&nbsp; de una adecuada definición del ambiente productivo, la elección del genotipo puede recaer sobre los denominados de adaptabilidad específica, o sea de adecuada productividad en ciertas condiciones de crecimiento (oferta hídrica, aptitud del suelo, manejo, etc.).Con el objetivo de aportar información que permita caracterizar a las variedades de soja en los dos aspectos mencionados (adaptabilidad y estabilidad), se presenta el trabajo generado para la región sojera II-2 con los ensayos llevados a cabo en el marco de la Red de Evaluación de Cultivares de Soja (RECSO).","palabras_clave":"ADAPTABILIDAD|ESTABILIDAD|RENDIMIENTO|SOJA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2731,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Decomposition and nutrients dynamics in a Spartina alterniflora marsh of the Bahia Blanca estuary, Argentina","resumen":"In this work we estimate aboveground and belowground decomposition rates in a Spartina alterniflora marsh located in Bahía Blanca estuary, and evaluate C, N and P dynamics during this process. Litter bags with dry material were located in the marsh and collected every 60 days during a  year; we weighted each bag and determined C, N and P concentration in the tissues. Decomposition rates were 47.3 ± 3.6 and 28.8 ± 1.9 % of material lost after a year, for aboveground and belowground tissues, respectively. Decomposition showed a general exponential pattern, with maximum daily decomposition rates not at the beginning of the essay, showing no leaching phase. The content of C, N and P in aboveground tissues were, in average, of 41.45 ± 0.41 %, 0.73 ± 0.01 % and 0.049 ± 0.008 %, respectively, whereas in belowground tissues they were of 36.39 ± 0.86 %, 0.75 ± 0.07 % and 0.035 ± 0.005 %, respectively. Ratios between elements were high in all cases, which may explain the low decomposition rates. The low rates and the fluctuations in the content of elements along the process might suggest that decomposition is important for the nutrients dynamics in the estuary in the longterm.","palabras_clave":"Spartina alterniflora|decomposition|nutrients|Argentinian salt marsh"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2743,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dos dibujos inéditos de Le Corbusier en Buenos Aires (1929)","resumen":"Dos dibujos inéditos de Le Corbusier en Buenos Aires (1929)Se refiere al hallazgo de dos dibujos realizados por Le Corbusier a su anfitrión González Garaño en oportunidad e su viaje en 1929. Los mismos estaban guardados en la Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes donde fueron donados con otras piezas por la familia de González Garaño. Su existencia se detectó por una carta de Le Corbusier a su madre que se conserva en París donde mencionaba que estaba haciendo un retrato . El segundo dibujo es una caricatura de GG representado como Rosas con una condecoración que le coloca Le Corbusier al \u201CEsprit nouveau\u201D. Los avatares de Le Corbusier y sus intentos de hacer obras en Buenos Aires son tratados en el artículo. ","palabras_clave":"Le Corbusier|Historia de la arquitectura"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2744,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Jáchal frente al bicentenario: ¿nueva oportunidad para el desarrollo local?.","resumen":"La implantación en Argentina del modelo productivo agroexportador hacia fines del siglo XIX, remodeló el espacio nacional en base a las potencialidades naturales de la región pampeana, marcó para San Juan la consolidación del modelo vitivinícola y relegó al Departamento de Jáchal a una condición  de marginalidad.  Hoy, en épocas del Bicentenario, se insinúa la generación de un nuevo paradigma, basado en el impulso al crecimiento económico sobre la base del mercado interno, la integración regional y de políticas que promuevan procesos de desarrollo sostenible.  En el presente artículo se discute acerca de la oportunidad de re-inserción en el modelo nacional de desarrollo para el Departamento de Jáchal y del desafío que esta  siente bases para un desarrollo local.","palabras_clave":"TERRITORIO|DESARROLLO|PLANIFICACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2745,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El Turismo Idiomático como Industria cultural. Estado de la cuestión en la Argentina","resumen":"Esta ponencia presenta las primeras conclusiones de una investigación sobre turismo  educativo en Argentina. Forma parte de un Programa Área Estratégica de la Agencia  Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, cuyo objetivo general es el desarrollo de la  enseñanza del español lengua segunda y extranjera como una industria cultural del país.  La enseñanza de las lenguas se debate entre políticas de mantenimiento del  plurilingüismo y políticas tendientes al monolingüismo, lo que otorga a las industrias  culturales un carácter estratégico. Estas abarcan un conjunto de actividades entre las que se  destacan la editorial, los medios de comunicación y el Turismo Idiomático. Este último  refiere a los viajes cuyo principal motivo es aprender un idioma, con el complemento del  conocimiento de la cultura y de los atractivos naturales de un país.  En Argentina ha crecido significativamente el número de extranjeros que arriban  para aprender español y realizar actividades turísticas, lo que ha llevado a que el Turismo  Idiomático sea incluido entre las políticas públicas sectoriales.  La investigación tiene como meta el diseño de parámetros, de indicadores y de  acciones institucionales para el desarrollo del Turismo Idiomático en el país. Actualmente se halla en la fase diagnóstica de relevamiento del estado de la cuestión, conceptualización y de  análisis de oferta, demanda y motivaciones que dan lugar al Turismo Idiomático en  Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Lengua |Literatura|Literatura específica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2746,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Eventos de cirrus y multiples tropopausas sobre buenos aires","resumen":"El trabajo que se desarrolla a continuación corresponde a observaciones con Lidar de Retrodifusión de Cirrus enlas latitudes medias sobre Buenos Aires entre el 2002 y el 2003 con eventos de Múltiples Tropopausas (MT).Estos son comparados con el perfil de temperatura del Radiosondeo de la estación de Ezeiza. En el presentetrabajo se discute la variabilidad temporal de las propiedades de la MT. Los resultados muestran un ciclo anualcon una frecuencia mínima durante el mes de marzo. Cuando el tope del cirrus se encuentra por encima de laprimer tropopausa, en el 25 % de los casos la base del cirrus no se encuentra necesariamente encima de esta;resultando entonces que el cirrus se encuentra cruzando la región entre tropopausas. Comparando los resultadosde los cirrus con sus distribuciones generales, respecto a los que se encuentran cruzando la tropopausa, ambosmuestran similares características ópticas (espesor óptico).","palabras_clave":"CIRRUS|MULBUENOS AIRESTIPLE TROPOPAUSA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2747,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental infection of rabbits (Orictolagus cuniculis ) with Brucella suis biovar 1 isolated from wild hares (Lepus europaeus)","resumen":"          Brucella suis  biovar 1 is the causative agent of brucellosis in several domestic and wild  animals and it is a common agent of human brucellosis. European hares (Lepus europaeus) have been shown to be infected  by B. suis biovar 1 and the transmission  to other animals has been suggested. In this work, experimental rabbits (Cuniculis orictolagus) were infected with Brucella suis biovar 1 isolated from wild  hares. Infected rabbits showed high serological response in 2 weeks after discharge  and typical granulomatous lesions (2 mm diameter) were found in liver, spleen  and kidneys after 50 days. Brucella suis  biovar 1 was cultured from the lesion of the organs mentioned above as well as  from urine, placenta and fetuses. These data suggest that hares are a potential  source for horizontal transmission of Brucella  suis biovar 1 to other mammalians.","palabras_clave":"brucellosis|wildlife|zoonosis|AMOS PCR|horizontal transmission"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2748,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos in highly inclined events at the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"The Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to neutrinos of all flavors above  0.1 EeV. These interact through charged and neutral currents in the atmosphere giving rise to extensive air  showers. When interacting deeply in the atmosphere at nearly horizontal incidence, neutrinos can be  distinguished from regular hadronic cosmic rays by the broad time structure of their shower signals in the  water-Cherenkov detectors. In this paper we present for the first time an analysis based on down-going  neutrinos. We describe the search procedure, the possible sources of background, the method to compute  the exposure and the associated systematic uncertainties. No candidate neutrinos have been found in data  collected from 1 January 2004 to 31 May 2010.","palabras_clave":"ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS|ULTRA HIGH ENERGY NEUTRINOS|COSMIC RAY EXPERIMENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2749,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tratamiento de la degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE)","resumen":"La Degeneración Macular Asociada a la Edad es la principal causa de ceguera en países desarrollados y la tercera en el mundo. Su forma húmeda o neo vascular constituye un grave trastorno ocular que deteriora la visión rápidamente afectando la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados. La efectividad de los tratamientos existentes depende en gran medida del grado de avance de la enfermedad al inicio de la terapia siendo, por tanto, la detección y diagnostico precoz de gran importancia en este sentido. Las farmacias comunitarias tiene un elevado contacto con el grupo etario en riesgo y en numerosas ocasiones el farmacéutico actúa como primer agente sanitario, recomendando en forma activa la visita al médico oftalmólogo o derivando al paciente con urgencia ante la detección del algún cambio en su agudeza visual.El objetivo del presente artículo fue revisar conceptos referidos a esta patología con base en su patogenia, formas clínicas, sintomatología y tratamiento de la misma, especialmente en lo referido a las terapias anti angiogénicas.","palabras_clave":"DEGENERACION MACULAR ASOCIADA A LA EDAD|FARMACIA COMUNITARIA|EVALUACIONES FARMACOECONOMICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2750,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of multi-jet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at a 7 TeV center-of-mass energy","resumen":"Inclusive multi-jet production is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.4 pb^-1. Results on multi-jet cross sections are presented and compared to both leading-order plus parton-shower Monte Carlo predictions and to next-to-leading-order QCD calculations.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2751,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electronic and magnetic properties of C60 thin films under ambient  conditions: A multitechnique study","resumen":"The magnetic and electronic properties of thin C60 films (film thickness P4 ML) grown by sublimation in vacuum on oxidized Si, Au, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and glass, and subsequently exposed to ambient conditions, are investigated by using a multitechnique approach. The films exhibit a structure consisting of nanometric aggregates, whose size increases with film thickness, irrespective of the substrate, although larger aggregates are found on Au substrates. The XPS data indicate no significant degradation of the C60 films, even though significant amounts of oxygen are present. Magnetic properties are characteristic of C&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 60 films exposed to oxygen and light. In contrast, STS measurements show that the local electronic properties are similar to those reported for ultrathin films grown on the same substrates under vacuum. A detailed discussion on the effects of film-thickness and substrate-type on the C60 film properties, under ambient conditions, is presented.","palabras_clave":"FULLERENOS|PELÍCULAS DELGADAS|PROPIEDADES MAGNÉTICAS|PROPIEDADES ELECTRÓNICAS|CONDICIONES AMBIENTALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2752,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Medium pH, carbon and nitrogen concentration modulate the phosphate solubilization efficiency of Penicillium purpurogenum through organic acid production","resumen":"Aims: To study phosphate solubilization in Penicillium purpurogenum as function of medium pH, and carbon and nitrogen concentrations.  Methods and Results: Tricalcium phosphate (CP) solubilization ef&#64257;ciency of P. purpurogenum was evaluated at acid or alkaline pH using different C and N sources. Glucose- and (NH4)2SO4-based media showed the highest P solubilization values followed by fructose. P. purpurogenum solubilizing ability was higher in cultures grown at pH 6.5 than cultures at pH 8.5. Organic acids were detected in both alkaline and neutral media, but the relative percentages of each organic acid differed. Highest P release coincided with the highest organic acids production peak, especially gluconic acid. When P. purpurogenum grew in alkaline media, the nature and concentration of organic acids changed at different N and C concentrations. A factorial categorical experimental design showed that the highest P-solubilizing activity, coinciding with the highest organic acid production, corresponded to the highest C concentration and lowest N concentration.  Conclusions: The results described in the present study show that medium pH and carbon and nitrogen concentrations modulate the P solubilization ef&#64257;ciency of P. purpurogenum through the production of organic acids and particularly that of gluconic acid. In the P solubilization optimization studies, glucose and (NH4)2SO4 as C and N sources allowed a higher solubilization ef&#64257;ciency at high pH.  Signi&#64257;cance and Impact of the Study: This organism is a potentially pro&#64257;cient soil inoculant, especially in P-poor alkaline soils where other P solubilizers fail to release soluble P. Further work is necessary to elucidate whether these results can be extrapolated to natural soil ecosystems, where different pH values are present. Penicillium purpurogenum could be used to develop a bioprocess for the manufacture of phosphatic fertilizer with phosphate calcium minerals.","palabras_clave":"ORGANIC ACID|PENICILLIUM PURPUROGENUM|PHOSPHATE- OLUBILIZING MICRO-ORGANISMS|PHOSPHORUS."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2753,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylogenetic relationships within Pappophoreae s.l. (Poaceae: Chloridoideae): additional evidences based on ITS and trnL-F sequence data","resumen":"Historically, Pappophoreae included the genera Cottea, Enneapogon, Kaokochloa, Pappophorum and Schmidtia. Some authors consider thistribe as a well-supported monophyletic group; while other evidences reveals Pappophoreae as polyphyletic, with Pappophorum separated from therest of the tribe. When the latter happens, it can form a clade with Tridens flavus. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the subfamily Chloridoideaehave included few species of Pappophoreae; therefore, further research involving more representatives of this tribe is needed. With the aim ofproviding new evidence to help clarify the phylogenetic position of Pappophorum and its relationships with other genera of the tribe and thesubfamily Chloridoideae, eight new sequences of ITS and trnL-F regions of Pappophoreae species were generated. These sequences wereanalyzed together with other available sequence data obtained from GenBank, using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference, for individual(trnL-F or ITS) or combined trnL-F\/ITS data sets. All analyses reveal that Pappophoreae is polyphyletic, with Pappophorum separated from therest of the tribe forming a well-supported clade sister to Tridens flavus.","palabras_clave":"ITS|PAPPOPHOREAE S.L.|PAPPOPHORUM|MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY|TRNL-TRNF"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2754,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SPARC down-regulation attenuates the profibrogenic response of hepatic stellate cells induced by TGF-&#946;1 and PDGF.","resumen":"Liver fibrosis is an active process that involves changes in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction. Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is an ECM protein with many biological functions, that is over-expressed in cirrhotic livers and up-regulated in activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs). We have recently shown that SPARC down-regulation ameliorates liver fibrosis in vivo. In order to uncover the cellular mechanisms involved, we have specifically knocked-down SPARC in two aHSC lines: the CFSC-2G (rat) and the LX-2 (human) and in primary cultured rat aHSCs. Transient down regulation of SPARC in HSCs did not affect their proliferation and had only minor effects on apoptosis. However, SPARC knock-down increased HSC adhesion to fibronectin and significantly decreased their migration towards PDFG-BB and TGF-&#946;1. Interestingly, TGF-&#946;1 secretion by HSCs was reduced following SPARC siRNA-treatment and pre-incubation with TGF-&#946;1 restored the migratory capacity of SPARC siRNA-treated cells through mechanisms partially independent from TGF&#946;1-mediated induction of SPARC expression; thus, SPARC knock-down seems to exert its effects on HSCs partially through modulation of TGF-&#946;1 expression levels. Importantly, collagen-I mRNA expression was reduced in SPARC siRNA-transfected HSCs. Consistent with previous results, SPARC knockdown in aHSCs was associated with altered F-actin expression patterns and deregulation of key ECM and cell adhesion molecules, i.e. down-regulation of N-cadherin and up-regulation of E-cadherin. Our data together suggest that the up-regulation of SPARC previously reported for aHSCs partially mediates pro-fibrogenic activities of TGF-&#946;1 and PDGF-BB and identify SPARC as a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"fibrogenesis|migration|adhesion|cadherin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2755,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reduced faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle following systemic vaccination with gamma-intimin C280 and EspB proteins","resumen":"Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is the most prevalent EHEC serotype that has been recovered from patients with haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) worldwide. Vaccination of cattle, the main reservoir of EHEC O157:H7, could be a logical strategy to &#64257;ght infection in humans. This study evaluated a vaccine based on the carboxyl-terminal fragment of 280 amino acids of Y-intimin (Y-intimin C280) and EspB, two key colonization factors of E. coli O157:H7. Intramuscular immunization elicited signi&#64257;cantly high levels of serum IgG antibodies against both proteins. Antigen-speci&#64257;c IgA and IgG were also induced in saliva, but only the IgA response was signi&#64257;cant. Following experimental challenge with E. coliO157:H7, a signi&#64257;cant reduction in bacterial shedding was observed in vaccinated calves, compared to control group. These promising results suggest that systemic immunization of cattle with intimin andEspB could be a feasible strategy to reduce EHEC O157:H7 faecal shedding in cattle.","palabras_clave":"E. coli O157:H7|INTIMIN|ESPB|VACCINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2756,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Selection of Psychrotolerant Microorganisms Producing Cold-Active Pectinases for Biotechnological Processes at Low Temperature","resumen":"In winemaking, low temperatures are favourable for the production and retention of flavour and colour components, requiring the use of cold-active enzymes. For this reason, 'psychrotolerant' microorganisms have been isolated and selected based on their ability to produce pectinolytic enzymes with satisfactory activity at low temperatures. Different mature grape varieties with designation of origin were sampled from the region of San Rafael (Mendoza, Argentina), and pectinolytic bacterial, fungal and yeast strains were isolated.The pectinolytic activity was measured by cup-plate assay, quantification of released reducing sugars and viscosity reduction of pectin solution. Two bacteria (Bacillus sp. SC-G and SC-H) and two yeast strains were selected for their good pectinase activity at low temperatures.Among them, the strain with the highest activity, Bacillus sp. SC-H, was selected. According to their 16S rRNA profiles, Bacillus sp. SC-G and SC-H can be classified as members of Bacillus subtilis. Among the assayed techniques, the rotary evaporation was found to be the most appropriate to obtain enzymatic extracts with highest activity. The optimal conditions for the enzymatic activity were 30 °C and pH=5.0 for the concentrated extract, and 45 °C and pH=6.0 for the filtered supernatant. The concentrated extract presented good activity at 3 °C, confirming that it was a cold-active enzyme. Natural extraction and enzymatic preparation were used to extract pigments and polyphenols from Malbec grapes. Better results were obtained for the enzymatic extract with regard to index, shade, CIELab coordinates, CIELab colour differences and polyphenols (measured using Folin-Ciocalteu).","palabras_clave":"pectinase|cold-enzyme|low temperature|Bacilli|color and polyphenols extraction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2757,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El aceite esencial de tallos y hojas de Schinus patagonicus (Phil.) Johnst. en el ecotono de la Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"Schinus patagonicus (Phil.) Johnst. es un arbusto perteneciente a la familia Anacardiáceas, de follaje persistente,  muy común en las áreas de transición entre el bosque y la estepa patagónica. Se obtuvieron muestras  de dos sitios en la zona del ecotono: a) al pie del cerro La Hoya (870 m.s.n.m., 42° 50\u2019 51\u2019\u2019 Lat. S y 71° 15\u2019  36\u2019\u2019 Long. O); y b) en los alrededores del edificio de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan  Bosco, (UNPSJB) sede Esquel (Alt. 568 m.s.n.m.; 42° 55\u2019 52\u2019\u2019 Lat. S y 71° 21\u2019 50\u2019\u2019 Long. O). Los aceites  esenciales se extrajeron por hidrodestilación a partir de las hojas y los tallos, por separado. La determinación  de la composición cualitativa y cuantitativa de cada una de las muestras se determinó por GC-FID-MS. El  rendimiento de aceites esenciales fue, en promedio, de 1,5 ml\/kg en las hojas y 5,0 ml\/kg en los tallos. Los  componentes mayoritarios fueron &#945;&#8722;tuyeno (0,4-2,3%), &#945;-pineno (2,6- 22,1%), sabineno (0,4-32,9%),  mirceno (1,3-11,1%), &#946;-pineno (1,9-13,8%), p-cimeno (0,3-2,8%), &#946;-felandreno (0,4-1,6%), &#946;-cariofileno  (5,0-29,8%) y germacreno D (2,7-15,0%), presentes en todas las muestras. El terpinen-4-ol fue un componente  mayoritario en el sitio La Hoya (7,7 % en tallos y 28,7% en hojas), mientras que se encontró en muy  pequeña proporción en el sitio Universidad (0,2 y 0,3%), igual que el acetato de octilo: 1,7% en tallos y 2,5%  en hojas en La Hoya, y ausente en el sitio Universidad. Mientras que, 7-epi-&#945;-selineno se halló en el sitio  Universidad (1,9 y 1,4% en hojas y tallos, respectivamente) y estuvo casi ausente en La Hoya (0 y 0,2%).  Por otra parte, &#947;-terpineno fue un componente característico de hojas (9,8 a 10,9%), mientras que estuvo  prácticamente ausente en tallos (0 a 0,1%) y el espatulenol se encontró solo en tallos (0,3 y 3,2%). De  acuerdo con estos resultados se pudo constatar una notable variación en la composición química de la fracción  volátil de esta especie en función no solo de la parte utilizada, sino también del sitio de colecta.","palabras_clave":"Schinus patagonicus |Aceite esencial |GC-FID-MS |Variabilidad química"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2758,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stearoyl-CoA desaturase is an essential enzyme for the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei","resumen":"Trypanosoma brucei, the etiologic agent of sleeping sickness, is exposed to important changes in nutrients and temperature during its life cycle. To adapt to these changes, the fluidity of its membranes plays a crucial role. This fluidity, mediated by the fatty-acid composition, is regulated by enzymes named desaturases. We have previously shown that the oleoyl desaturase is essential for Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei.In this work, we present experimental support for the relevance of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) for T.brucei?s survival, in both its insect or procyclic-form (PCF) and bloodstream-form (BSF) stages. We evaluated this essentiality in two different ways: by generating a SCD knocked-down parasite line using RNA interference, and by chemical inhibition of the enzyme with two compounds, Isoxyl and a thiastearate with the sulfur atom at position 10 (10-TS). The effective concentration for 50% growth inhibition (EC50) of PCF was 1.0 ± 0.2 lM for Isoxyl and 5 ± 2 lM for 10-TS, whereas BSF appeared more susceptible with EC50 values 0.10 ± 0.03 lM (Isoxyl) and 1.0 ± 0.6 lM (10-TS). RNA interference showed to be deleterious for both stages of the parasite. In addition, T. brucei-infected mice were fed with Isoxyl, causing a reduction of the parasitemia and an increase of the rodents? survival","palabras_clave":"FATTY ACIDS|DESATURASE|TRYPANOSOMA|CHEMOTHERAPY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2759,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Limits on the production of the standard model Higgs boson &#8730; in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) running at a centre-of-mass energy of 7&nbsp;TeV              is reported, based on a total integrated luminosity of up to 40&nbsp;pb&#8722;1 collected by the ATLAS detector in 2010. Several Higgs boson decay channels: H&#8594;&#947;&#947;, H&#8594;ZZ              (&#8727;)&#8594;&#8467;&#8467;&#8467;&#8467;, H&#8594;ZZ&#8594;&#8467;&#8467;&#957;&#957;, H&#8594;ZZ&#8594;&#8467;&#8467;qq, H&#8594;WW              (&#8727;)&#8594;&#8467;&#957;&#8467;&#957; and H&#8594;WW&#8594;&#8467;&#957;qq (&#8467;&nbsp;is e, &#956;)  are combined in a mass range from 110&nbsp;GeV to 600&nbsp;GeV. The highest  sensitivity is achieved in the mass range between 160&nbsp;GeV and 170&nbsp;GeV,  where the expected 95% CL exclusion sensitivity is at Higgs boson  production cross sections 2.3 times the Standard Model prediction.  Upper limits on the cross section for its production are determined.  Models with a fourth generation of heavy leptons and quarks with  Standard Model-like couplings to the Higgs boson are also investigated  and are excluded at 95% CL for a Higgs boson mass in the range from 140  GeV&nbsp;to 185&nbsp;GeV.","palabras_clave":"HIGGS|LIMITS|ATLAS|LHC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2808,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Jet energy measurement with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at $\\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV","resumen":"The jet energy scale and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jets measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of s&#8730;=7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 38 pb&#8722;1. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-k t algorithm with distance parameters R=0.4 or R=0.6. Jet energy and angle corrections are determined from Monte Carlo simulations to calibrate jets with transverse momenta p T&#8805;20 GeV and pseudorapidities |&#951;|<4.5. The jet energy systematic uncertainty is estimated using the single isolated hadron response measured in situ and in test-beams, exploiting the transverse momentum balance between central and forward jets in events with dijet topologies and studying systematic variations in Monte Carlo simulations. The jet energy uncertainty is less than 2.5 % in the central calorimeter region (|&#951;|<0.8) for jets with 60&#8804;p T<800 GeV, and is maximally 14 % for p T<30 GeV in the most forward region 3.2&#8804;|&#951;|<4.5. The jet energy is validated for jet transverse momenta up to 1 TeV to the level of a few percent using several in situ techniques by comparing a well-known reference such as the recoiling photon p T, the sum of the transverse momenta of tracks associated to the jet, or a system of low-p T jets recoiling against a high-p T jet. More sophisticated jet calibration schemes are presented based on calorimeter cell energy density weighting or hadronic properties of jets, aiming for an improved jet energy resolution and a reduced flavour dependence of the jet response. The systematic uncertainty of the jet energy determined from a combination of in situ techniques is consistent with the one derived from single hadron response measurements over a wide kinematic range. The nominal corrections and uncertainties are derived for isolated jets in an inclusive sample of high-p T jets. Special cases such as event topologies with close-by jets, or selections of samples with an enhanced content of jets originating from light quarks, heavy quarks or gluons are also discussed and the corresponding uncertainties are determined.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2822,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Consequences of grazing on the vertical transmission of a fungal Neotyphodium symbioint in an annual grass population","resumen":"          Symbiosis  between cool-season grasses and vertically transmitted fungal endophytes are  common and significantly impact on ecosystem function. This makes the  understanding of the underlying mechanisms to symbiotic individuals frequency  in local populations much more interesting. Most studies have been focused on  the differential fitness between symbiotic and non-symbiotic counterparts  (relative fitness), barely considering other mechanisms. We performed a  microcosms experiment to evaluate whether grazing alters the dynamics of the endophyte  Neotyphodium occultans in the annual grass Lolium multiflorum by simultaneously  modifying the relative fitness and the endophyte efficiency to be transmitted  from host plants to seeds. Grazing was simulated by means of clipping and  trampling on symbiotic and non-symbiotic plants growing separately, in soils  obtained from paddocks, differing in their agronomic management history  (natural grassland vs. ryegrass promotion). Seed production showed a complex  pattern as it depended on the symbiotic status of the plants, the level of  grazing and the agro-ecological context. Grazed plants produced three times  fewer seeds than ungrazed plants only in microcosms with endophyte-symbiotic  plants in soils from ryegrass promotion. Endophyte benefits on seed production  were exclusively observed in ungrazed plants in the same soil. Symbiotic plants  produced symbiotic and non-symbiotic seeds in all the treatments. While the  production of non-symbiotic seeds by these plants was not affected by grazing  and the soil, grazing reduced the production of symbiotic seeds in both  contexts. Grazing negative effect on the density of fully infected spikes  determined a significant increment in the transmission failures which were not  modified by agro-ecological contexts. Therefore, grazing can modulate symbiosis  dynamics through reducing seed production and endophyte transmission  efficiency. Transmission has been disregarded, but it is a context-dependent  process that could lead to a gradual reduction in the symbiotic plants  frequency in a population if the mutualism effectiveness does not outweigh  transmission failures. ","palabras_clave":"grassendophyte symbiosis|mutualism effectiveness|symbiosis dynamics|transmission efficiency"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2833,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"One-pot synthesis of silica monoliths with hierarchically porous structure","resumen":"Poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) and block copolymer Pluronic F127 were used as pore templates to create mechanically robust silica monoliths with a hierarchical and interconnected macro\u2013mesoporous network in an easy, reproducible bimodal scale templating process. Control over the morphology was obtained by varying the reactant ratios. Phase separation on the submicrometer scale occurred when furfuryl alcohol was cationically polymerized and therefore became immiscible with the solvent and the silica precursor. Upon a subsequent sol\u2013gel reaction, a silica-F127 matrix formed around the PFA spheres, leading to macropore structures with mesoporous walls. Surface areas of the final structures ranged from 500 to 989&nbsp;m2&nbsp;g&#8722;1 and a maximum pore volume of 4.5&nbsp;mL&nbsp;g&#8722;1 was achieved. Under mildly acidic conditions, micelle-templated mesopores resulted. Interconnected macropores could be obtained by increasing the pH or the block copolymer concentration. The formation mechanism and the relationship between PFA, Pluronic F127 and acidity are discussed in detail.","palabras_clave":"Polymerization-induced phase separation|Monolith|Hierarchical pore structures|Silica|Furfuryl alcohol"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2834,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Relevamiento sobre la aplicación de diferentes tecnologías en el área de cultivo de caña de azúcar de la provincia de Tucumán. Campaña 2010\/2011.","resumen":"A partir de 1977, el Subprograma de Mejoramiento Genético de la Caña de Azúcar de la Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC) realiza encuestas sistemáticas, cada tres años, para relevar la distribución de las variedades comerciales de caña de azúcar en Tucumán. En la campaña 2007\/2008, se relevó además, el uso de otras prácticas por parte de los productores cañeros, tales como la utilización de caña semilla saneada, la maduración química y el riego. En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados obtenidos a partir de las encuestas realizadas en la campaña 2007\/2008 en empresas agrícolas e industriales de Tucumán, con respecto a la aplicación de estas tres prácticas de manejo. Quedó evidenciada una importante difusión del uso de caña semilla saneada a partir de micropropagación in vitro y de maduración química y un uso de riego sin modificaciones en el período 1991-2008, existiendo por lo tanto un significativo potencial de crecimiento productivo a partir de la extensión de esta importante práctica cultural.","palabras_clave":"ENCUESTA|MADURADORES QUIMICOS|RIEGO |SEMILLA SANEADA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2835,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Teleoperation of a mobile robot with time-varying delay and force feedback","resumen":"This paper proposes a prediction system and a command fusion to help the human operator in a teleoperation system of a mobile robot with time-varying delay and force feedback. The command fusion is used to join a remote controller and the delayed user\u2019s commands. Besides, a predictor is proposed since the future trajectory of the mobile robot is not known a priori being it decided online by the user. The command fusion and predictor are designed based on the time delay and the current context measured through the crash probability. Finally, the proposed scheme is tested from teleoperation experiments considering time-varying delay as well as force feedback.","palabras_clave":"TELEOPERATION|MOBILE ROBOT|TIME DELAY|FORCE FEEDBACK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2836,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Traducción de 'Comentarios: Marie France Prévot- Schapira'","resumen":"Desde hace diez años, en las ciencias sociales es posible observar la   multiplicación de trabajos destinados a estudiar los riesgos ambientales,   las catástrofes y los desastres ecológicos.  Los dos artículos que comentaremos se inscriben en ese campo, pero a partir de entradas y disciplinas diferentes.","palabras_clave":"ciudades|riesgo|catástrofe"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2837,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Prevalence of Malassezia species in patients with Pityriasis versicolor in Rosario, Argentina","resumen":"Background: Malassezia species are considered opportunistic yeastsof increasing clinical importance.These lipophilic yeasts are associated withvarious human diseases, especially pityriasis versicolor (PV),a chronic superficial scalingdermatomycosis.Aims: The aim of this study was to isolate, identify andanalyze the distribution of the different speciesof Malassezia in patients with PV in Rosario city (Argentina).Methods: A total of 264 clinical samples were studied. Isolateswere identified on the basis of microscopicobservation of cells, and physiologicalproperties, such as the presence of catalase, ability to use Tweencompounds, splitting of esculin, andmorphology, color and precipitate production on chromogenic agarCHROMagar-Malassezia medium (CHROMM).Results: The highest prevalence of PV in this study wasobserved in the 25- to 45-year-old group. Nodifferences were found in the developmentof PV between sexes. The most affected areas of body werethe trunk and face. Malassezia sympodialis (51%) was the most commonly isolatedspecies, followed infrequency by M. globosa (40%), Malassezia furfur (7%), Malassezia obtusa (1%) and Malassezia slooffiae (1%).Conclusions: The success for a correct identification of theseyeasts is important to improve our knowledgeabout their epidemiological role in PV andalso to detect the appearance of strains which are resistant tothe commonly usedantifungal drugs.","palabras_clave":"Malassezia|Identification|Epidemiology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2838,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las prácticas educativas de una Escuela Técnica patagónica: posibilidades para la inserción social","resumen":"Los nuevos escenarios que se le plantean a la práctica educativa del nivel medio interpelan a los investigadores en búsqueda de interpretaciones y comprensiones sobre la escuela media como ambiente particular en que se genera la construcción cognitiva. En este artículo analizamos la inserción social que favorecen las prácticas pedagógicas en estudiantes del último año de Escuelas Técnicas del Alto Valle Oeste de Río Negro. La inserción social se entiende aquí desde la doble dimensión: ingreso académico y\/o laboral. A partir del estudio realizado reconocemos que en la Escuela Técnica las prácticas educativas cabalgan entre dos mundos: mundo de la enseñanza y mundo de la formación. El primero, ligado a la tradición del nivel medio y el segundo vinculado a la enseñanza de prácticas que, pareciera ser, se reconfiguran permanentemente. Estos dos mundos encabalgados nos permiten enfatizar la constitución de escenario y ambiente: si bien la Escuela Técnica participa de un escenario común -el nivel medio- construye un ambiente particular dado por la especificidad de su práctica. Pareciera que está pudiendo responder con prácticas educativas construidas en un sistema de actividad específico y sedimentado históricamente que articulan el mundo de la enseñanza y el mundo de la formación.","palabras_clave":"Construcción|Cognitiva|Enseñanza|Trabajo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2839,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression of Seed Dormancy in Grain Sorghum Lines with Contrasting Pre-Harvest Sprouting Behavior Involves Differential Regulation of Gibberellin Metabolism Genes","resumen":"Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) moench) exhibits intra-specific variability for the rate of dormancy release and pre-harvest sprouting behavior. Two inbred lines with contrasting sprouting response were compared: IS9530 (resistant) and RedlandB2 (susceptible). Precocious dormancy release in RedlandB2 is related to an early loss of embryo sensitivity to abscisic acid and higher levels of gibberellins in imbibed grains as compared to IS9530. With the aim to identify potential regulatory sites for GA metabolism involved in the expression ofdormancy in immature grains of both lines, we carried out time course analysis of transcript levels of putative GA metabolism genes and hormone content (GA1, 4, 8, 34). Lower embryonic GA4 level in dormant IS9530 was related to a sharp and transient induction of two SbGA2-oxidase (inactivation) genes. In contrast, these genes were not induced in less dormant RedlandB2, while expression of two GA20-oxidase (synthesis) genes increased together with active GA4 levels before radicle protrusion. Embryonic levels of GA4 and its catabolite GA34 correlated negatively. Thus, in addition to the process of GA synthesis, inactivation is also important in regulating GA4 levels in immature grains. A negative regulation by GAs was observed for SbGA20ox2, SbGA2ox1 and 3 and also for SbGID1 encoding a GA receptor. We propose that the coordinated regulation at the transcriptional level of several GA metabolism genes identified in this work affects the balance between GA synthesis and inactivation processes, controlling active GA4 levels during the expression of dormancy in maturing sorghum grains.","palabras_clave":"GIBERELLINS|GERMINATION|SEED DORMANCY|PRE-HARVEST SPROUTING|SORGHUM BICOLOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2840,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modeling habitat use for dusky dolphins and Commerson´s dolphins in Patagonia","resumen":"  Several species of small cetacean inhabit the coastal area of Patagonia (Argentina), but little is known about their distribution and the overlap degree between them. The goal of this work is to build habitat selection models for small cetaceans in order to assess areas of particular importance for the different species. These models were constructed using physiographic and remotely-sensed variables. Thirteen aerial surveys were conducted along the Patagonian coast (from Golfo San Matías, 40º40´-42º14´S-65º00´-63º47´W to Bahía de los Nodales, 48º00´S-65º35´W) from 1994 to 2007. A grid of 0.5ºx0.5º cells was constructed for the study area. Each cell was characterized by environmental variables and by the encounter rate (ER) for each species of cetacean. ER of each species were investigated in relation to environmental variables using generalized linear models and a model averaging (multimodel-inference) was used to obtain predicted ER for different species. A correlation between ER of different species was analyzed by Spearman correlation. The environmental variables that were found significant predictors of the species distribution differed between species. The ERs of dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) and Peale´s dolphins (Lagenorhynchus australis) showed a positive relationship. Commerson´s dolphin (Cephalorhynchus commersonii) presented a more coastal distribution than the other species, and individuals are more often found feeding in estuaries zones. Knowledge of the patterns distribution of small cetacean in the Patagonian coast provides baseline knowledge of how these species interact with each other and their environment. Such information should be considered when potential areas of conflict between coastal small cetaceans and human activities will be determined.                                               ","palabras_clave":"DISTRIBUTION MODELING|DOLPHINS|GENERALIZED LINEAR MODEL|HABITAT SELECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2841,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"La0.4Sr0.6Co0.8Fe0.2O3-&#948; \/ Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-&#948; Interface: Characterization by High Resolution SEM and TEM","resumen":"In this work we successfully applied a FIB\/lift-out technique to prepare site-specific thin samples containing the cathode\/electrolyte interface between two La0.4Sr0.6Co0.8Fe0.2O3-&#948; (LSCF) \/ Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-&#948; (CGO) half cells. Despite different cathode thickness (15 &#956;m and a 5 &#956;m), both samples presented similar composition and nano-sized structure. However, an exhaustivemicroscopic analysis by SEM and TEM at high resolution modes, revealed that the 15 &#956;m sample presented a perfectly attached interface, while the other showed pores at the interfacial boundary, decreasing the real LSCF\/CGO contact and increasing the area specific resistance. The presented combined techniques are a powerful tool to investigate subtle microstructural changes that may occur in the electrolyte\/electrode interface and are adequate for studying changes after long term operation conditions.","palabras_clave":"FOCUSED ION BEAM|SOFC|CATHODE|ELECTROLITO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2842,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Algunos aspectos sobre el estado de colonización y estado serológico en cerdas vacunadas contra Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae y de sus lechones según el número ordinal de partos","resumen":"Para determinar el estado de colonización y el estado serológico de lechones y de cerdas de diferente número ordinal de partos, entre 78 y 81 hembras vacunadas de manera múltiple contra Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mh) fueron muestreadas (de 1er a 9no parto) al día 0 de gestación, a las 8 semanas de preparto y al postparto y 163 lechones a las dos semanas de edad, tomando muestras de sangre (para enzimoinmuno ensayo, ELISA) e hisopados nasales (para reacción en cadena de polimerasa, PCR). Además de los porcentajes de seropositivos y PCR positivos, se calcularon otros valores para determinar la concentración de anticuerpos y así analizar la dinámica de los anticuerpos en hembras y lechones. El porcentaje de cerdas seropositivas fue alto, al igual que los valores de título. Lo mismo se observó en los lechones, por lo que se concluyó que la múltiple vacunación de las primeras garantiza un alto nivel de anticuerpos en sus crías, aunque no es del 100%. Las cerdas de intermedio número de partos presentaron una mayor variabilidad en aquellos valores que reflejan la concentración de anticuerpos; siendo al día cero de gestación las hembras de primer parto las que mostraron estos valores más bajos. Al postparto las hembras más jóvenes y su descendencia mostraron los mayores porcentajes de nPCR positivos. Si bien las cerdas (y los lechones), al aumentar el número ordinal de partos, presentaron una mayor concentración de anticuerpos, esto puede deberse tanto a la vacunación como a la exposición repetida de los animales al Mh en condiciones de campo.","palabras_clave":"MYCOPLASMA|PORCINO|COLONIZACION|N PCR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2843,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"TECTONO-MAGMATIC RESPONSE TO MAJOR CONVERGENCE CHANGES IN THE NORTH PATAGONIAN SUPRASUBDUCTION SYSTEM; THE PALEOGENE SUBDUCTION-TRANSCURRENT PLATE MARGIN TRANSITION","resumen":"The southern and central Andes reflect significant along-strike differences of tectonic activity, includingshortening, alternating flat-to-normal subduction styles and magmatism. In northern Patagonia, thesubduction\/supra-subduction system, fore arc, arc and back arc basins developed in an extensional settingduring the Paleogene. This was accompanied by landward migration of calc-alkalic magmatism whichchanged to synextensional bimodal volcanism of rhyolitic ignimbrites and interbedded tholeiitic and alkalicbasalts. These Paleogene events occurred during a time when the Farallon?Aluk active ridge reached theSouth American plate, and the Farallon plate subduction was interrupted. They represent a new tectonicregime, characterized by a transcurrent plate margin. The presence in the back arc of a rigid lithospheric blockof 100,000 km2 represented by the North Patagonian Massif focused the rotation of the coastal blocks. Thisresulted in the development of two Paleogene extensional regions to the north and south, respectively, of theMassif and replaced the former back arc. Plate rearrangement caused by the inauguration of the Nazca plateand its regime of orthogonal subduction at the beginning of the Miocene, re-established typical calc-alkalinearc magmatism at the former upper Cretaceous arc locus. Present seismic activity in the subducted plate andtomographic modeling of p-wave velocity anomalies in the upper mantle also suggest the presence of asubduction gap that lasted for most of the Paleogene in northern Patagonia.flect significant along-strike differences of tectonic activity, includingshortening, alternating flat-to-normal subduction styles and magmatism. In northern Patagonia, thesubduction\/supra-subduction system, fore arc, arc and back arc basins developed in an extensional settingduring the Paleogene. This was accompanied by landward migration of calc-alkalic magmatism whichchanged to synextensional bimodal volcanism of rhyolitic ignimbrites and interbedded tholeiitic and alkalicbasalts. These Paleogene events occurred during a time when the Farallon?Aluk active ridge reached theSouth American plate, and the Farallon plate subduction was interrupted. They represent a new tectonicregime, characterized by a transcurrent plate margin. The presence in the back arc of a rigid lithospheric blockof 100,000 km2 represented by the North Patagonian Massif focused the rotation of the coastal blocks. Thisresulted in the development of two Paleogene extensional regions to the north and south, respectively, of theMassif and replaced the former back arc. Plate rearrangement caused by the inauguration of the Nazca plateand its regime of orthogonal subduction at the beginning of the Miocene, re-established typical calc-alkalinearc magmatism at the former upper Cretaceous arc locus. Present seismic activity in the subducted plate andtomographic modeling of p-wave velocity anomalies in the upper mantle also suggest the presence of asubduction gap that lasted for most of the Paleogene in northern Patagonia.flat-to-normal subduction styles and magmatism. In northern Patagonia, thesubduction\/supra-subduction system, fore arc, arc and back arc basins developed in an extensional settingduring the Paleogene. This was accompanied by landward migration of calc-alkalic magmatism whichchanged to synextensional bimodal volcanism of rhyolitic ignimbrites and interbedded tholeiitic and alkalicbasalts. These Paleogene events occurred during a time when the Farallon?Aluk active ridge reached theSouth American plate, and the Farallon plate subduction was interrupted. They represent a new tectonicregime, characterized by a transcurrent plate margin. The presence in the back arc of a rigid lithospheric blockof 100,000 km2 represented by the North Patagonian Massif focused the rotation of the coastal blocks. Thisresulted in the development of two Paleogene extensional regions to the north and south, respectively, of theMassif and replaced the former back arc. Plate rearrangement caused by the inauguration of the Nazca plateand its regime of orthogonal subduction at the beginning of the Miocene, re-established typical calc-alkalinearc magmatism at the former upper Cretaceous arc locus. Present seismic activity in the subducted plate andtomographic modeling of p-wave velocity anomalies in the upper mantle also suggest the presence of asubduction gap that lasted for most of the Paleogene in northern Patagonia.?Aluk active ridge reached theSouth American plate, and the Farallon plate subduction was interrupted. They represent a new tectonicregime, characterized by a transcurrent plate margin. The presence in the back arc of a rigid lithospheric blockof 100,000 km2 represented by the North Patagonian Massif focused the rotation of the coastal blocks. Thisresulted in the development of two Paleogene extensional regions to the north and south, respectively, of theMassif and replaced the former back arc. Plate rearrangement caused by the inauguration of the Nazca plateand its regime of orthogonal subduction at the beginning of the Miocene, re-established typical calc-alkalinearc magmatism at the former upper Cretaceous arc locus. Present seismic activity in the subducted plate andtomographic modeling of p-wave velocity anomalies in the upper mantle also suggest the presence of asubduction gap that lasted for most of the Paleogene in northern Patagonia.2 represented by the North Patagonian Massif focused the rotation of the coastal blocks. Thisresulted in the development of two Paleogene extensional regions to the north and south, respectively, of theMassif and replaced the former back arc. Plate rearrangement caused by the inauguration of the Nazca plateand its regime of orthogonal subduction at the beginning of the Miocene, re-established typical calc-alkalinearc magmatism at the former upper Cretaceous arc locus. Present seismic activity in the subducted plate andtomographic modeling of p-wave velocity anomalies in the upper mantle also suggest the presence of asubduction gap that lasted for most of the Paleogene in northern Patagonia.","palabras_clave":"Subductiontransform transition|Andes|Transcurrent plate margin|Tectonic inversion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2845,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Self-Assembled monolayers of disulphide Cu porphyrins on Au surfaces: adsorption induced reduction and demetalation","resumen":"Metalloporphyrinmolecules have a wide range of potential applications in diverse technological areas ranging from electronics to optoelectronics, electrochemistry, photophysics, chemical sensors, and catalysis. In particular, selfassembled monolayers of porphyrin molecules have recentlyattracted considerable interest. In this work we have studied for the first time the self-assembly of a novel Cu deutero porphyrin functionalized with disulfide moieties using electrochemical techniques, UVvis absorption spectroscopy, polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, and photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS and UPS). Experimental results indicate that the molecule adsorbs retaining its molecular integrity without forming molecular aggregates via the formation of AuS covalent bonds. Furthermore, the monolayer consists of a packed array of molecules adsorbed with the plane of the porphyrin molecule at an angle of around 30 with respect to the surface normal. Interestingly, adsorption induces reduction of the Cu centerand its consequent removal from the center of the porphyrin ring resulting in porphyrin demetalation. Our results are important inthe design of self-assembled monolayers of metallo porphyrins where not only blocking of the metal center by the functional groupsthat drive the self-assembly should be considered but also possible adsorption induced demetalation with the consequent loss in theproperties imparted by the metal center.","palabras_clave":"SURFACE |PORPHYRINS|PMIRRAS|XPS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2846,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"About the effects of an oscillating miniflap upon the wake of an airfoil, all immersed in turbulent flow.","resumen":"The present research analyzes the asymmetry in the rolling up shear layers behind the blunt trailing edge of an airfoil 4412 with a miniflap acting as active flow control device and its wake organization. Experimental investigations relating the asymmetry of the vortex flow in the near wake region, able to distort the flow increasing the downwash of an airfoil, have been performed. All of these in a free upstream turbulent flow (1.8% intensity). We examine the near wake region characteristics of a wing model with a 4412 airfoil without and with a rotating miniflap located on the lower surface, near the trailing edge. The flow in the near wake, for 3 x-positions (along chord line) and 20 vertical points in each x-position, was explored, for three different rotating frequencies, in order to identify signs of asymmetry of the initial counter rotating vortex structures. Experimental evidence is presented showing that for typical lifting conditions the shear layer rollup process within the near wake is different for the upper and lower vortices: the shear layer separating from the pressure side of the airfoil begins its rollup immediately behind the trailing edge, creating a stronger vortex while the shear layer from the suction side begins its rollup more downstream creating a weaker vortex. The experimental data were processed by classical statistics methods. Aspects of a mechanism connecting the different evolution and pattern of these initial vortex structures with lift changes and wake alleviating processes, due to these miniflaps, will be studied in future works. ","palabras_clave":"LOW REYNOLDS AERODYNAMICS|ACTIVE FLOW CONTROL|AIRFOILS|LIFT ENHANCEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2847,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DEVELOPMENT  OF AN INDIRECT COMPETITIVE ENZYME-LINKED                  IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY APPLIED TO THE BOTRYTIS CINEREA                   QUANTIFICATION IN TISSUES OF POSTHARVEST FRUITS","resumen":"      &nbsp;Background: Botrytis cinerea is a phytopathogenic fungus responsible for the disease known as gray mold, whichcauses substantial losses of fruits at postharvest. This fungus is present often as latent infection and an apparentlyhealthy fruit can deteriorate suddenly due to the development of this infection. For this reason, rapid and sensitivemethods are necessary for its detection and quantification. This article describes the development of an indirectcompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantification of B. cinerea in apple (Red Delicious),table grape (pink Moscatel), and pear (William\u2019s) tissues.Results: The method was based in the competition for the binding site of monoclonal antibodies between B.cinerea antigens present in fruit tissues and B. cinerea purified antigens immobilized by a crosslinking agent ontothe surface of the microtiter plates. The method was validated considering parameters such as selectivity, linearity,precision, accuracy and sensibility. The calculated detection limit was 0.97 &#956;g mL-1 B. cinerea antigens. Theimmobilized antigen was perfectly stable for at least 4 months assuring the reproducibility of the assay. The funguswas detected and quantified in any of the fruits tested when the rot was not visible yet. Results were comparedwith a DNA quantification method and these studies showed good correlation.Conclusions: The developed method allowed detects the presence of B. cinerea in asymptomatic fruits andprovides the advantages of low cost, easy operation, and short analysis time determination for its possibleapplication in the phytosanitary programs of the fruit industry worldwide.","palabras_clave":"enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay|phytopathogenic fungus|fruit post-harvest tissues|Botrytis cinerea"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2848,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El registro de Tayassu pecari (Link, 1795) (Artiodactyla, Tayassuidae) en el Pleistoceno tardío de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Aspectos biogeográficos y distribucionales de una especie en retracción","resumen":"El registro paleontológico más antiguo de Tayassuidae en América del Sur se remonta al Plioceno medio (Buenos Aires, Argentina). A partir del Pleistoceno se produce un notable incremento en la diversidad taxonómica, registrándose numerosos hallazgos en Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay y Bolivia. Actualmente, se reconocen al menos tres especies vivientes: Tayassu tajacu (Linnaeus), T. pecari (Link) y Catagonus wagneri (Rusconi). Ambos géneros están representados en el registro fósil sudamericano, a los que se les suma el género extinto Platygonus Le Conte. La presente contribución tiene por objetivo dar a conocer el primer registro fósil de un tayasuido en la Formación Tezanos Pinto, provincia de Santa Fe, asignando el material MFA-PV 1172 (serie dentaria inferior izquierda y pm4 derecho) a Tayassu pecari. El espécimen fue hallado en un ambiente de depósito afín a condiciones climáticas áridas a semiáridas frías y secas durante un período glacial, compatibles con ambientes abiertos, típicos de sabana, con predominio de pastizales. La presencia de esta especie (adaptada principalmente a climas húmedos, y a ambientes boscosos y selváticos) en sedimentos depositados bajo condiciones climáticas propias del Último Máximo Glacial, refleja su gran plasticidad y amplia tolerancia ecológica, lo cual concuerda con su extensa distribución geográfica actual. Asimismo, la localidad fosilífera (Las Petacas, departamento San Martín) está ubicada geográficamente en el centro-oeste de Santa Fe, claramente alejada de la distribución actual de T. pecari.","palabras_clave":"MAMÍFEROS|CUATERNARIO|ÚLTIMO MÁXIMO GLACIAL|REGIÓN PAMPEANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2849,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ESTRUCTURA, ESTRATIGRAFÍA Y EVOLUCIÓN TECTÓNICA DE LA CUENCA DE ÑIRIHUAU EN LAS NACIENTES DEL RÍO CUSHAMEN, (CHUBUT, ARGENTINA)","resumen":"La faja plegada y corrida de la Precordillera Patagónica, entre los 42º y 42º10´ S,  se desarrolla, al este de la Cordillera Patagónica en la parte sur de la cuenca de Ñirihuau en la región del valle del río Cushamen al este del Cordón del Maitén. El relleno de la cuenca a estas latitudes se encuentra representado principalmente por facies sedimentarias y volcánicas de edad oligocena-miocena. El estudio composicional de la Formación Ñirihuau permitió reconocer once litotipos y subdividir a la unidad en cuatro miembros. Estas secuencias se encuentran expuestas por una combinación de estructuras con despegues dentro de la secuencia sedimentaria cuyo rechazo se transmite a niveles inferiores bajo la sierra de Maitén, generada por una cuña de basamento. La depositación de la Formación Ñirihuau, así como también la de la Formación Collón Cura, es sincrónica con la deformación en el área. Ésto se evidencia a partir de una serie de discordancias progresivas que se reconocen en estas unidades. Estos eventos de reactivación de la deformación permiten ubicar a la cuenca en un ambiente tectónico correspondiente al tope de cuña de un sistema de antepaís, así como reconocer diferentes pulsos de deformación.","palabras_clave":"Cuenca de Ñirihuau|Evolución tectónica|El Maitén|Estructura"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2850,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inactivation of Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by UV-C light: study of cell injury by flow cytometry","resumen":"Flow cytometry (FCM) is a powerful tool for analyzing physiological characteristics of microorganisms on a single-cell basis and identifying heterogeneities within population. This work analyzed the UV-C  induced damage on Escherichia coli ATCC 11229; Listeria innocua ATCC 33090 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae KE162 cells by applying flow cytometry technique. The UV-C doses, obtained by altering the  exposure time and measured by the iodide-iodate chemical actinometer, ranged between 0 and 5 kJ\/m2.  E. coli; L. innocua and S. cerevisiae populations were quantified by plate count technique. For flow cytometry studies, cells were labeled with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) for detecting membrane integrity  and esterase activity, and with propidium iodide (PI) for monitoring membrane integrity. The results showed that mechanisms of cellular damage differed according to time of exposure to ultraviolet radiation  and the organism tested. E. coli and S. cerevisiae sub-populations with PI increased within the first minutes of UV-C treatment, without much change afterwards. On the contrary, FCM was used to detect  the inactivation of those L. innocua sub-populations of viable microorganisms (maintaining metabolic activity) which were non-culturable due to membrane rupture and thus not detectable by viable plate  count technique.","palabras_clave":"UV-C LIGHT INACTIVATION|FLOW CYTOMETRY|E. COLI|S. CEREVISIAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2851,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reference Systems for the Determination of 10B through Autoradiography Images: Application to a Melanoma Experimental Model","resumen":"Abstract  The amount of 10B in tissue samples may be determined by measuring the track density in the autoradiography image produced on a nuclear track detector. Different systems were evaluated as reference standards to be used for a quantitative evaluation of boron concentration. The obtained calibration curves were applied to evaluate the concentration of 10B in melanoma tumour of NIH nude mice after a biodistribution study. The histological features observed in the tissue sections were accurately reproduced by the autoradiography images.","palabras_clave":"AUTORADIOGRAPHY|IMAGE|BORON|TRACK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2852,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Forest impact on floods due to extreme rainfall and snowmelt in four Latin American environments (1): Field Data Analysis","resumen":"Through a systematic modelling analysis for focus catchments in Costa Rica (131 km2), Ecuador (10 km2),  Chile (0.35 km2) and Argentina (12.9 km2), the hypothesis is tested that, as the size of the hydrological  event increases, the effect of forest cover on the peak discharge becomes less important. For each focus  catchment, a 1000-year synthetic rainfall time series was generated, representative of the current climate.  This time series was used to run SHETRAN hydrological models for each catchment with two contrasting  land use scenarios (generally with and without a forest cover). The corresponding maximum  daily discharges for the contrasting scenarios were then compared to show the extent to which the  two responses converged as the size of the peak discharge increased. For a given forest catchment discharge  there could be a range of larger non-forest catchment discharges, depending on antecedent soil  moisture content. The simulations show consistently for the rainfall dominated sites that the width of  this range either remains constant or narrows as discharge increases, indicating either relative or absolute  convergence of the responses. The pattern is more difficult to distinguish for a snowmelt regime but  a relative convergence of response still appears possible. The results therefore support the test hypothesis.  However, the pattern is complicated by factors such as catchment scale, soil depth, antecedent moisture  content and land management. Forests may also still offer significant flood mitigation benefits for  moderate (and more frequent) rainfall events and they protect against soil erosion and sediment transport  for a wide range of events.","palabras_clave":"Bosques|Ecología paisaje|Inundaciones|Manejo de cuencas hidrográficas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2853,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Serie Estudios por país n°7.  Relevamiento de estudios sobre educación, formación profesional y desarrollo de competencias de jóvenes en América Latina. El caso México.","resumen":"Se trata de un trabajo destinado a relevar y sintetizar tendencias en la producción de conocimientos sobre Educación, Trabajo e Inserción Social durante la última década.   El texto focaliza en el Caso de México, siendo este un referente de los países de América Latina incluidos en una serie antecedente mayor (Chile, Argentina, Colombia,Brasil,Uruguay).","palabras_clave":"EDUCACION |FORMACION PROFESIONAL |DESARROLLO DE COMPETENCIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2922,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Combined search for the Standard Model Higgs boson using up to 4.9 fb&#8722;1 of pp collision data at &#8730;s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"A combined search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC using datasets corresponding to integrated luminosities from 1.04 fb&#8722;1 to 4.9 fb&#8722;1 of pp collisions collected at s=7&nbsp;TeV is presented. The Higgs boson mass ranges 112.9\u2013115.5 GeV, 131\u2013238 GeV and 251\u2013466 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level (CL), while the range 124\u2013519 GeV is expected to be excluded in the absence of a signal. An excess of events is observed around mH&#8764;126&nbsp;GeVmH&#8764;126&nbsp;GeV with a local significance of 3.5 standard deviations (&#963;). The local significances of H&#8594;&#947;&#947;H&#8594;&#947;&#947;, H&#8594;ZZ(&#8270;)&#8594;&#8467;+&#8467;&#8722;&#8467;&#8242;+&#8467;&#8242;&#8722; and H&#8594;WW(&#8270;)&#8594;&#8467;+&#957;&#8467;&#8242;&#8722;&#957;¯, the three most sensitive channels in this mass range, are 2.8&#963;, 2.1&#963; and 1.4&#963;, respectively. The global probability for the background to produce such a fluctuation anywhere in the explored Higgs boson mass range 110\u2013600 GeV is estimated to be &#8764;1.4%&#8764;1.4% or, equivalently, 2.2&#963;.","palabras_clave":"HGGS|SEARCHES|ATLAS|LHC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2923,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Early Human Occupation and Environment South of the Deseado Massif and South of Lago Argentino (Argentina)","resumen":"Pollen records from two archaeological sites with early human occupations have been analyzed. The pollen-derived environmental information from La Gruta lagoon 2, cave 1 and Chorrillo Malo 2 suggests that the initial occupation of areas south of the Deseado Massif and south of Lake Argentino corresponds to improved environmental conditions, related to greater moisture availability than previously.","palabras_clave":"PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE TRANSITION, |PATAGONIA|PALEOENVIRONMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2924,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Microorganismos promotores del crecimiento del cultivo de colza, campaña 2011","resumen":"El avance y la combinación de los conocimientos sobre ecología de microorganismos del suelo, ecología molecular y las relaciones entre los mismos y las plantas, han abierto nuevas posibilidades para desarrollar productos con el objetivo de lograr un mejor comportamiento de los cultivos (Toresani, 2010). Algunos de estos microorganismos ya son comercializados y se conocen con el nombre de \u201Cmicroorganismos promotores del crecimiento vegetal\u201D (MPCV).Para el centro de Santa Fe, existen algunos antecedentes en el uso de MPCV generados en el cultivo de trigo (Fontanetto et al., 2010 a y b), de maíz (Fornasero et al., 2001 y Fontanetto et al.,&nbsp; 2008) y más recientemente en el cultivo de colza (Gambaudo et al, 2011).El objetivo de la experiencia consistió en evaluar el comportamiento de un cultivo de colza, tratando a las semillas con un inoculante a base de micorrizas y bacterias promotoras de crecimiento de la firma Crinigan S.A., en combinación con el uso de fertilizante inorgánico. ","palabras_clave":"MICROORGANISMO|PROMOTOR DEL CRECIMIENTO|COLZA|FERTILIZACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2925,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, Thermogravimetric, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Characterization of copper(II) complex with 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzenosulphonamide.","resumen":"a b s t r a c t4-Chloro-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide (ClNbsa) was purified and characterized. A new copper(II) complex,[Cu(ClNbsa)2(NH3)2], has been prepared using the sulfonamide as ligand. The thermal behavior of both,the ligand and the Cu(II) complex, was investigated by thermogravimetric analyses (TG) and differentialthermal analysis (DT), and the electronic characteristics analyzed by UV\u2013VIS, FTIR, Raman and 1H NMRspectroscopies. The experimental IR, Raman and UV\u2013VIS spectra have been assigned on the basis ofDFT calculations at the B3LYP level of theory using the standard (6-31 + G&#8260;&#8260;) basis set. The geometrieshave been fully optimized in vacuum and in modeled dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solvent, using for thelatter a continuum solvation model that reproduced the experimental conditions of the UV\u2013VIS spectroscopy.The theoretical results converged to stable conformations for the free sulfonamide and for the complex,suggesting for the latter a distorted square planar geometry in both environments. 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"Sulfonamide |Copper(II) complex |Synthesis Infrared and Raman Theoretical results |Thermal analyses"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2926,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Redescripción y significado paleoambiental de Heleobia ameghini (Doering, 1884) (Gastropoda: Rissooidea) en el Pleistoceno tardío de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"The analysis of new remains of Heleobia ameghini (Doering, 1884), an extinct late Pleistocene gastropod species, obtained from alluvial sections at the middle course of Luján River, are presented. Through detailed observations, the main diagnostic characteristics of the species are established and compared with the data provided in its original description. According to the stratigraphic context and the accompanying fauna, its paleoenvironmental significance is also discussed. Heleobia ameghini is characterized by its small size, which varies between 0.75 and 6.75 mm in length. Shells are globose, with the last whorl highly developed, in a similar way to the modern Heleobia piscium (d\u2019Orbigny, 1835), from which differentiates by their relative higher size and the lower convexity of the whorls. The poor preservation state of the specimens as well as the bell-shaped size-frequency distribution evidence an important taphonomic alteration, which may be consequence of the dissolution processes that occurred during the diagenetic stage. It is concluded that Heleobia ameghini was a species tolerant to significant salinity fluctuations, which inhabited fluvial environments subjected to recurrent episodes of flooding by storms alternated with moments of water diminution, these latter responsible for the development of ponds and drought that incremented salinity values.","palabras_clave":"HELEOBIA AMEGHINI|PLEISTOCENO|MOLUSCOS|LUJÁN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2927,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chrysobrycon eliasi, new species of characid (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the Madre de Dios and Upper Manuripe basins, Perú. Neotropical Ichthyology","resumen":"    Chrysobrycon  eliasi is described from  several drainages of Madre de Dios and UpperManuripe River   basins, Madeira basin, Perú.  The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the presence of one  to eight anterior maxillary teeth tricuspidate or bicuspidate and remaining  teeth conical, and the terminal lateral-line tube developed  between caudal rays 10-11. In addition other characters that help to recognized C. eliasi are the possession of maxilla  with 6-15 (usually 11) teeth occupying more than 70% of its length in adults,  predorsal scales 18-22, snout to dorsal-fin origin  61.15-65.86% SL, dorsal-fin to hypural complex length 36.32-41.17% SL,  dorsal-fin to adipose-fin length 23.93-26.31% SL, gill-gland length in males 3.57-5.05% SL, caudal peduncle depth 9.21-12.46% SL,  maxillary length 33.76-38.07% HL, upper jaw length 41.83-49.34% HL and branched  anal-fin rays 24-30. The finding of C.  eliasi allows us to extend the geographical distribution of the  genus to the southeast, into the Madeira   River basin.  ","palabras_clave":"CHARACIFORMES|CHYSOBRYCON|AMAZONAS|MADRE DE DIOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2928,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un modelo MILP multiperíodo para el diseño de una cadena de suministros de bioetanol considerando sustentabilidad","resumen":"En este trabajo se propone un modelo matemático mixto entero lineal para eldiseño óptimo de una cadena de suministro para producir azúcar y etanol. La formulaciónconsidera varios períodos de producción-inventario-distribución y restricciones ambientales.El impacto ambiental es incorporado en este modelo mediante los principios del Análisis deCiclo de Vida, derivando en un problema de programación matemática multi-objetivo.Mediante la resolución sucesiva de modelos, donde se optimiza el objetivo económico y semanejan las restricciones ambientales mediante el método ? -constraint?, se obtienendiferentes soluciones del tipo Pareto. Este enfoque permite evaluar diferentes escenarios deintegración y sirve como guía en la toma de decisiones al momento de diseñar una cadena desuministro sustentable.","palabras_clave":"MODELACIÓN MATEMÁTICA|OPTIMIZACIÓN|PROGRAMACIÓN MULTIOBJETIVO|CADENA DE SUMINISTRO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2929,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Hidrogenación de anhídrido maleico en fase gas sobre catalizadores soportados de Cu y Ni: Efecto del soporte y del método de preparación (PUBLICADO POR INVITACIÓN)","resumen":"Se estudió la hidrogenación de anhídrido maleico en fase gas empleando catalizadores de Cu y\/o Ni, soportados sobre SiO2 y SiO2-Al2O3, preparados por impregnación a humedad incipiente y precipitación-deposición. La carga metálica total fue del orden del 10% en todos los casos. Las muestras fueron caracterizadas por DRX, RTP y quimisorción de H2. Los ensayos de actividad catalítica se llevaron a cabo en fase gas, a presión atmosférica y a temperaturas entre 170-220 ºC. Se encontró que tanto el método de preparación como el soporte influyen sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas y la actividad catalítica de los sólidos preparados. Como consecuencia, es posible obtener catalizadores de Ni con diferente capacidad hidrogenolítica. Los catalizadores bimetálicos Cu-Ni resultaron los más selectivos en la hidrogenólisis del anhídrido succínico a g-butirolactona. Esto se atribuyo a la formación de una fase bimetálica de Cu-Ni, la cual se puede obtener más fácilmente por el método de precipitación-deposición.","palabras_clave":"HIDROGENACIÓN|CATALIZADORES MATÁLICOS|ANHÍDRIDO MALEICO|BUTIROLACTONA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2930,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Subjetividad pedagógica. Otros esquemas educativos.","resumen":"Se trabajó sobre la Subjetividad pedagógica. Otros esquemas educativos.","palabras_clave":"SUBJETIVIDAD|PEDAGOGIA|ESQUEMAS|EDUCACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2931,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Primer reporte de celulitis cutánea por Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae en dos trabajadores rurales","resumen":"Se informan dos casos de celulitis cutánea en trabajadores de un mismo   criadero de aves a corral del área rural de la ciudad de Tandil, Argentina. En   ambos pacientes fue identificado E. rhusiopathiae a partir de cultivos de   muestras obtenidas por biopsia. La investigación del reservorio evidenció que   en todas las muestras de las excretas de aves y en dos muestras de los residuos   del alimento, se aisló E. rhusiopathiae con idéntico perfil bioquímico y   de resistencia antimicrobiana al de las cepas aisladas de los dos casos clínicos.   Si bien son necesarios estudios moleculares para establecer la relación   epidemiológica entre las cepas aisladas de los pacientes y las del criadero,   se puede inferir que la fuente de infección humana fue el criadero extensivo   de aves de corral.","palabras_clave":"Celulitis cutánea|Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae|Tandil|Aves de corral"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2932,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Report of mycobacteria isolated from domestic and wildlife species in Argentina during 2004-2008","resumen":"Detection and identification of bovine tuberculosis and its differentiation frommicobacteriosis is fundamental during diagnoses. That is why mycobacteria laboratories improvementbecomes essential in public health and veterinary medicine services. The objectiveof the present research is to differentiate Mycobacterium bovis and nontuberculous mycobacteriasin isolates cultured from domestic and wildlife species from seven Argentinean provincesduring 2004-2008. Differentiation was based on biochemical tests, phenotypic characteristicsand M. bovis spolygotyping. Biochemical and phenotypic identification resulted in 20 M. bovisstrains, 18 of them were confirmed by spolygotyping, and 34 nontuberculous mycobacteriastrains. Thirteen species were characterized and all of them were grouped consideringbiological risk and pathogenic potential reported in humans and\/or animals. Here we havereached advances in tuberculosis and micobacteriosis diagnoses in veterinary medicine. Inthis area diagnoses are often based on micro and macroscopic observation of the tuberclesand skin test results. These advances are not minor as zoonotic tuberculosis is still a publichealth problem in Latin America.","palabras_clave":"mycobacterium|report|animals|wildlife"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2933,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Defoliation effects on the arbuscular mycorrhizas of ten perennial grass genotypes in arid Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"Pappophorum vaginatum is the most abundant C4, warm-season perennial grass in rangelands of northeastern, arid Patagonia, which is often exposed to continuous grazing. Eragrostis curvula is the only naturalized, C4 warm-season genotype that has successfully established from seed during moist years in the study region, that is characterized by a scarce forage availability to livestock during the spring and summer. Successful introduction of perennial forage genotypes is then critical in that region. No studies have yet been conducted to determine the greater abundance of P. vaginatum compared to that of other native C4 grass genotypes (Aristida subulata, A. spegazzinii, Sporobolus cryptandrus) in the study area. The effect of defoliation on arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization was investigated on the four native, one naturalized and five introduced, C3 perennial grass genotypes (Leymus cinereus cvs. \u201CMagnar\u201D and \u201CTrailhead\u201D, and Achnatherum hymenoides cvs. \u201CPaloma\u201D, \u201CRimrock\u201D and \u201CNezpar\u201D) growing at the field. We hypothesized that the magnitude of mycorrhizal colonization (1) is similar on defoliated than on undefoliated plants of the native and naturalized genotypes, (2) is greater in the native and naturalized than in the introduced genotypes, and (3) is greatest in P. vaginatum than in all remaining genotypes. Plants of all ten genotypes were either exposed or not to a severe defoliation twice in the growing seasons of 2007\/2008 and 2008\/2009. The results showed that all studied genotypes maintained arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization levels following defoliation similar to undefoliated controls. The greatest arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization was often found on both cultivars of L. cinereus among all genotypes. The greatest arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in P. vaginatum than in the other native genotypes at the end of the study, parameter that contributes to defoliation tolerance, could help to explain its greater abundance in rangelands of central Argentina. The higher arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in both cultivars of L. cinereus might contribute to their successful establishment and survival in rangelands of northeastern, arid Patagonia. Genotype introduction in these rangelands is likely to affect community dynamics because of variable effects of the mycorrhizal symbiosis on the various plant genotypes.","palabras_clave":"arbuscular mycorrhizas |defoliation|perennial grass"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2934,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Morphological abnormalities in amphibian populations from the mid-eastern of Argentina.","resumen":"Abstract.¨DWe present the first compilation and analysis of cases of morphologically abnormal anurans from the mideastern region of Argentina (C¨®rdoba, Santa Fe, and Entre R¨ªos Provinces). We sampled for abnormal individuals at 51sites in agricultural, suburban, and forest settings between January 2000 and December 2009. We recorded 71 abnormalindividuals, including 16 types of abnormalities in 15 anuran species. In agricultural sites, we found 12 types ofabnormalities, with ectromelia being the most abundant. In suburban sites, we recorded seven types of abnormalities,with brachygnathia and ectromelia being the most common. In forest sites, we found three types of abnormalities, withectromelia again being the most abundant. This study is the first catalog of anurans with morphological abnormalities inArgentina, thus expanding the geographic range of observed abnormalities in amphibians and illustrating the ubiquity ofthis phenomenon.region of Argentina (C¨®rdoba, Santa Fe, and Entre R¨ªos Provinces). We sampled for abnormal individuals at 51sites in agricultural, suburban, and forest settings between January 2000 and December 2009. We recorded 71 abnormalindividuals, including 16 types of abnormalities in 15 anuran species. In agricultural sites, we found 12 types ofabnormalities, with ectromelia being the most abundant. In suburban sites, we recorded seven types of abnormalities,with brachygnathia and ectromelia being the most common. In forest sites, we found three types of abnormalities, withectromelia again being the most abundant. This study is the first catalog of anurans with morphological abnormalities inArgentina, thus expanding the geographic range of observed abnormalities in amphibians and illustrating the ubiquity ofthis phenomenon..¨DWe present the first compilation and analysis of cases of morphologically abnormal anurans from the mideastern region of Argentina (C¨®rdoba, Santa Fe, and Entre R¨ªos Provinces). We sampled for abnormal individuals at 51sites in agricultural, suburban, and forest settings between January 2000 and December 2009. We recorded 71 abnormalindividuals, including 16 types of abnormalities in 15 anuran species. In agricultural sites, we found 12 types ofabnormalities, with ectromelia being the most abundant. In suburban sites, we recorded seven types of abnormalities,with brachygnathia and ectromelia being the most common. In forest sites, we found three types of abnormalities, withectromelia again being the most abundant. This study is the first catalog of anurans with morphological abnormalities inArgentina, thus expanding the geographic range of observed abnormalities in amphibians and illustrating the ubiquity ofthis phenomenon.","palabras_clave":"abnormal anurans;|ectromelia; |agroecosystems;"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2936,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lettuce quality loss under conditions that favor the wilting phenomenon","resumen":"While temperature management is a usual accepted practice and is the simplest and easiest way of delaying vegetable deterioration, maintenance of the recommended relative humidity (RH) during postharvest storage is not always carried out. The objectives of this work were to simulate two RH conditions: optimal (95-98%) and low (70-72%) during the storage of lettuce heads at recommended temperatures (0-2&#9702;C), and to address how deviation of RH from optimal conditions affects lettuce quality indices. The effects of storage on quality parameters were assayed as follows: weight loss and water content as physical indices, chlorophyll content as a greenness index, native microflora (mesophilic bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, total coliforms, yeast and molds) as microbiological quality indices, ascorbic acid retention as a nutritional quality index, and overall quality as a sensory acceptability index. Additionally, these indices (with the exception of weight loss) were analyzed in three lettuce sections: external (composed by outer and older leaves), middle (composed by mid leaves) and internal (composed by inner and younger leaves). Shelf-life of lettuce was significantly affected by RH. The exposure of lettuce heads to low RH drastically reduced shelf-life by 75%. Plants exposed to low RH had considerable weight loss from the first day to the end of storage. For both RHs, the middle and internal sections did not show chlorophyll changes during storage while the external section showed pigment degradation characterized by first order kinetics. Ascorbic acid underwent first order degradation for all situations (sections and RH conditions), but with different degradation rates. The microbial population counts were slightly affected by RH. The overall quality of lettuce stored at low RH decreased rapidly. The shelf-life of material stored at this relative humidity condition was 5 days, when the overall quality scores of middle and external sections were below the acceptability limit and only the internal section had a score above the limit. In addition, overall quality of lettuce stored at optimal RH decreased slowly. At day 5 of storage the three lettuce sections had high scores and the product was satisfactory. Only at day 20 did the external section show a score just on the acceptability limit.","palabras_clave":"GREENHOUSE LETTUCE|PHYSICAL INDEX|GREENESS INDEX|MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICES|NUTRITIONAL INDEX|WILTING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2937,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Obsidian in the south-central Andes: geological, geochemical, and archaeological assessment of north Patagonian sources (Argentina)","resumen":"This paper presents a synthesis of geological, geochemical, and archaeological information for the HuenulHuenulobsidian source located in northern Patagonia (Neuquén Province, Argentina). Important informationrecently published on other obsidian sources in the South-Central Andes of Argentina and Chile provide thecontext for this endeavor, allowing evaluation of the role of this lithic source within the network of humanmobility and interaction on different spatial scales. It is suggested here that Huenul obsidian is geneticallyrelated with the Tilhué Formation, already been mapped in detail. This regional information providesa search model for geoarchaeological surveys. This raw material displays a remarkable supra-regionaldistribution in the archaeological record, although it is regionally under-represented. Three alternativehypotheses explaining the distribution of Huenul obsidians allow evaluation of technological decisions,marginal vs. nuclear role of certain spaces for past human societies, and territorial organization.","palabras_clave":"Obsidian|North Patagonia|Geochemical caracterization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2938,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Catalytic and glycan-binding abilities of ppGalNAc-T2 are regulated by acetylation","resumen":"Post-translational acetylation is an important molecular regulatory mechanismaffecting the biological activity of proteins. Polypeptide GalNAc transferases(ppGalNAc-Ts) are a family of enzymes that catalyze initiation of mucin-type Oglycosylation.All ppGalNAc-Ts in mammals are type II transmembrane proteinshaving a Golgi lumenal region that contains a catalytic domain withglycosyltransferase activity, and a C-terminal R-type ('ricin-like') lectin domain. Weinvestigated the effect of acetylation on catalytic activity of glycosyltransferase, andon fine carbohydrate-binding specificity of the R-type lectin domain of ppGalNAc-T2.Acetylation effect on ppGalNAc-T2 biological activity in vitro was studied using a purified human recombinant ppGalNAc-T2. Mass spectrometric analysis of acetylatedppGalNAc-T2 revealed seven acetylated amino acids (K103, S109, K111, K363,S373, K521, S529); the first five are located in the catalytic domain. Specificglycosyltransferase activity of ppGalNAc-T2 was reduced 95% by acetylation. Thelast two amino acids, K521 and S529, are located in the lectin domain, and theiracetylation results in alteration of the carbohydrate-binding ability of ppGalNAc-T2.Direct binding assays showed that acetylation of ppGalNAc-T2 enhances therecognition to ¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.purified human recombinant ppGalNAc-T2. Mass spectrometric analysis of acetylatedppGalNAc-T2 revealed seven acetylated amino acids (K103, S109, K111, K363,S373, K521, S529); the first five are located in the catalytic domain. Specificglycosyltransferase activity of ppGalNAc-T2 was reduced 95% by acetylation. Thelast two amino acids, K521 and S529, are located in the lectin domain, and theiracetylation results in alteration of the carbohydrate-binding ability of ppGalNAc-T2.Direct binding assays showed that acetylation of ppGalNAc-T2 enhances therecognition to ¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.purified human recombinant ppGalNAc-T2. Mass spectrometric analysis of acetylatedppGalNAc-T2 revealed seven acetylated amino acids (K103, S109, K111, K363,S373, K521, S529); the first five are located in the catalytic domain. Specificglycosyltransferase activity of ppGalNAc-T2 was reduced 95% by acetylation. Thelast two amino acids, K521 and S529, are located in the lectin domain, and theiracetylation results in alteration of the carbohydrate-binding ability of ppGalNAc-T2.Direct binding assays showed that acetylation of ppGalNAc-T2 enhances therecognition to ¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.purified human recombinant ppGalNAc-T2. Mass spectrometric analysis of acetylatedppGalNAc-T2 revealed seven acetylated amino acids (K103, S109, K111, K363,S373, K521, S529); the first five are located in the catalytic domain. Specificglycosyltransferase activity of ppGalNAc-T2 was reduced 95% by acetylation. Thelast two amino acids, K521 and S529, are located in the lectin domain, and theiracetylation results in alteration of the carbohydrate-binding ability of ppGalNAc-T2.Direct binding assays showed that acetylation of ppGalNAc-T2 enhances therecognition to ¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.purified human recombinant ppGalNAc-T2. Mass spectrometric analysis of acetylatedppGalNAc-T2 revealed seven acetylated amino acids (K103, S109, K111, K363,S373, K521, S529); the first five are located in the catalytic domain. Specificglycosyltransferase activity of ppGalNAc-T2 was reduced 95% by acetylation. Thelast two amino acids, K521 and S529, are located in the lectin domain, and theiracetylation results in alteration of the carbohydrate-binding ability of ppGalNAc-T2.Direct binding assays showed that acetylation of ppGalNAc-T2 enhances therecognition to ¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.in vitro was studied using a purified human recombinant ppGalNAc-T2. Mass spectrometric analysis of acetylatedppGalNAc-T2 revealed seven acetylated amino acids (K103, S109, K111, K363,S373, K521, S529); the first five are located in the catalytic domain. Specificglycosyltransferase activity of ppGalNAc-T2 was reduced 95% by acetylation. Thelast two amino acids, K521 and S529, are located in the lectin domain, and theiracetylation results in alteration of the carbohydrate-binding ability of ppGalNAc-T2.Direct binding assays showed that acetylation of ppGalNAc-T2 enhances therecognition to ¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.¦ÁGalNAc residue of MUC1¦ÁGalNAc, while competitive assays showed that acetylation modifies the fine GalNAc-binding form of the lectin domain. Takentogether, these findings clearly indicate that biological activity (catalytic capacity andglycan-binding ability) of ppGalNAc-T2 is regulated by acetylation.","palabras_clave":"Acetylation effect|Glycosyltransferase activity|Lectin domain"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2939,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sitagliptin prevents the development of metabolic and hormonal disturbances, increased &#226;-cell apoptosis and liver steatosis induced by a fructose-rich diet in normal rats","resumen":"The aim of the present study was to test the effect of sitagliptin and exendin-4 upon metabolicalterations, &#946;-cell mass decrease and hepatic steatosis induced by F (fructose) in rats. Normaladult male Wistar rats received a standard commercial diet without (C) or with 10% (w\/v)F in the drinking water (F) for 3 weeks; animals from each group were randomly divided intothree subgroups: untreated (C and F) and simultaneously receiving either sitagliptin (CS and FS;115.2 mg\/day per rat) or exendin-4 (CE and FE; 0.35 nmol\/kg of body weight, intraperitoneally).Water and food intake, oral glucose tolerance, plasma glucose, triacylglycerol (triglyceride), insulinand fructosamine concentration, HOMA-IR [HOMA (homoeostasis model assessment) for insulinresistance], HOMA-&#946; (HOMA for &#946;-cell function) and liver triacylglycerol content were measured.Pancreas immunomorphometric analyses were also performed. IGT (impaired glucose tolerance),plasma triacylglycerol, fructosamine and insulin levels, HOMA-IR and HOMA-&#946; indexes, and livertriacylglycerol content were significantly higher in F rats. Islet &#946;-cell mass was significantly lowerin these rats, due to an increase in the percentage of apoptosis. The administration of exendin-4and sitagliptin to F animals prevented the development of all the metabolic disturbances and thechanges in &#946;-cell mass and fatty liver. Thus these compounds, useful in treating Type 2 diabetes,would also prevent\/delay the progression of early metabolic and tissue markers of this disease.","palabras_clave":"B-cell mass |exendin-4|hypertriglyceridaemia|sitagliptin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2940,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increased Tolerance to Wheat Powdery Mildew by Heterologous Constitutive Expression of the Solanum chacoense snakin-1 Gene","resumen":"Abstract: Great efforts are currently being devoted to studying the use of transgenes to confer resistance to phytopathogenic fungi. Snakin-1 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide isolated from Solanum that is ac­tive in vitro against bacteria and fungi. Recently, it was reported that overexpression of the snakin-1 (SN1) gene in transgenic potato plants enhanced resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Erwinia carotovora. In this work wheat transgenic plants that constitutively expressed the S. chacoense SN1 gene were challenged with Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici. Enhanced resistance to the pathogen was observed in two transgenic lines in which the development of the disease was delayed and reduced compared with the wild type variety ProINTA Federal. An association between high resistance to the pathogen and a high level of snakin-1 transcripts in the plant was observed. This is the first report on SN1 gene expression in Gramineae and its effects on wheat powdery mildew development. ","palabras_clave":"antimicrobial peptides|Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici|genetic transformation|snakin-1|wheat"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2941,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Emergence of metallo-&#946;-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae from Argentina","resumen":"Carbapenem susceptibility in Enterobacteriaceae (M9921, M9959) revealed the presence of MBLs blaVIM-2 (M9959) and blaIMP-8(M9921), both as first cassettes of class-1-integrons. ESBL blaPER-2 was detected in both strains and M9921 also harboured qnrB10, aac(6&#8242;)-Ib and aac(6&#8242;)-Ib-cr. This is the first report of MBLs in Enterobacteriaceae from Argentina.","palabras_clave":"METALLO|ENTEROBACTERIACEAE|EMERGENCE |ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2942,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación productiva del cultivo de Helianthus tuberosus para las condiciones agroclimáticas de Catamarca. Evaluación invernal","resumen":"La actividad agropecuaria de la Provincia de Catamarca tiene la necesidad de incorporar nuevas especies cultivables y formas de producción sustentables acordes a las características agroecológicas. El Topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus L.), especie vegetal originaria de América Central, se difundió primeramente a América del Norte y luego en varios países de Europa, allí fue ampliamente utilizada en la alimentación humana y del ganado. En nuestro país fue introducida a principios del siglo XX por inmigrantes europeos, donde su cultivo fue limitado y de carácter familiar. El Topinambur es una planta de ciclo anual, con inflorescencias en capítulos menores a 10 cm de diámetro, la parte aérea es de uso forrajero en época estival y los tubérculos en época invernal. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer prácticas de manejo adecuadas a las condiciones agroclimáticas y socioeconómicas del Valle Central para el cultivo de Topinambur, como especie promisoria para uso forrajero en la cría de bovinos, porcinos y caprinos. El material genético utilizado corresponde a la variedad Topianka, reproducido a partir de material de propagación agámica obtenido en EEA INTA Rama Caída de Mendoza. El ensayo se realizó en Colonia Nueva Coneta, Departamento Capayán, Provincia de Catamarca, cuya posición es: 28º33 Sur y 65º Oeste, altitud: 481 msnm. Para determinar el marco de plantación más conveniente se plantearon dos tratamientos con tres repeticiones. El tratamiento 1 correspondió a una distancia de siembra de 35 cm entre plantas y el tratamiento 2 de 70cm. La distancia entre líneas establecida fue de 70cm, dando lugar a un marco de plantación de 40.755 plantas.ha-1 en el tratamiento 1 y de 20.449 plantas.ha-1 en el tratamiento 2. Serealizaron cortes y mediciones a 100 días de realizada la siembra (cosecha estival), obteniendo una producción de 14.539 Kg. de Materia Seca.ha-1 en el tratamiento 1 y14.204 Kg. MS.ha-1 en el tratamiento 2. Con respecto a la relación hoja\/tallo, en el tratamiento 1 fue de 0,775 y en el tratamiento 2 de 0,703. La evaluación de datos deproducción vegetativa de Topinambur nos permite inferir que el marco de plantación más conveniente para las condiciones agroecológicas imperantes es de 35cm x 70cm.","palabras_clave":"TOPINAMBUR|HELIANTHUS|TUBEROSUS|FORRAJERA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2943,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio comparativo de clones de aislamientos de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a meticilina prevalentes en la Argentina","resumen":"S. aureus es un patógeno oportunista que expresa múltiples factores de virulencia. La mayoría de las enfermedades provocadas por S. aureus resultan de la acción combinada de varios determinantes de patogenicidad. La caracterización de los factores de virulencia presentes en los principales linajes permite comprender mejor la patogenicidad y epidemicidad de los mismos.En este trabajo se evalua la presencia de los genes de virulencia en los principales clones de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SAMR) detectados en Argentina. Se seleccionaron aislamientos representativos de los clones prevalentes de SAMR encontrados en Argentina en infecciones hospitalarias, adquiridas en la comunidad y portación. Se incluyeron aislamientos del clon cordobés (1), del clon brasilero (1), del clon pediátrico (1), de los 4 tipos clonales prevalentes asociados a infecciones adquiridas en la comunidad (SAMR-CA)(8) y de niños portadores (2). Todos ellos fueron previamente caracterizados, por lo que se conoce su patrón de PFGE, ST y tipo de SCCmec.Se determinó por PCR la presencia de los genes que codifican para algunos factores de virulencia, entre ellos enterotoxinas (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, sei, sej), hemolisina (hlg), Leucocidina de Panton Valentine (luk-PV), genes implicados en la formación de biopelículas (ica), genes de adhesinas (fnbA, fnbB, clfA, clfB y fib) y el tipo de agr.Los genes seb, sec, sed, see y seh estan ausentes y los genes hlg, ica, fnbA y clfA presentes en todos los aislamientos analizados. La diferencia en el perfil de genes de virulencia de las cepas pertenecientes al clon hospitalario (clon cordobés) y comunitario (CA-PFGE A), ambos ST5, consiste en la presencia adicional de los genes sea, seg, luk-PV y clf-B en la cepa de la comunidad.Uno de los subtipos clonales de CA-PFGE A prevalentes en colonización (A1) presentó idéntico perfil de genes de virulencia; el otro (A2), en cambio no posee los genes sea ni luk-PV.","palabras_clave":"STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS|MRSA|EPIDEMIOLOGIA MOLECULAR |VIRULENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":2944,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"PROYECTO FREPLATA - FFEM MODELADO NUMÉRICO Y MEDICIONES IN-SITU Y REMOTAS DE LAS TRANSFERENCIAS DE SEDIMENTOS FINOS A TRAVÉS DEL RÍO DE LA PLATA. PARTE C: ANÁLISIS DE OBSERVACIONES SATELITALES MODIS DE SEDIMENTOS EN SUSPENSIÓN Y CLOROFILA-A","resumen":"En el marco del proyecto 'Protección Ambiental del Río de la Plata y su Frente Marítimo: Prevención y Control de la Contaminación y Restauración de Hábitats' (PNUD\/GEF\/RLA\/99\/G31) y con financiamiento del Fondo Francés para el Medioambiente Global, instituciones argentinas, uruguayas y francesas, están colaborando en un estudio que tiene por finalidad la observación, comprensión y modelado de la dinámica de los sedimentos finos en el Río de la Plata. En este contexto, IFREMER puso a disponibilidad del Proyecto observaciones MODIS calibradas a Materiales Minerales o Inorgánicos en Suspensión y Clorofila-a medianteel algoritmo OC5 desarrollado especialmente para aguas altamente turbias, como las del Ríode la Plata. Aunque las observaciones satelitales de color están fuertemente contaminadas por lapresencia de nubes, las mismas proveen datos con alta resolución espacial (1 km), que permitenobtener una visión sinóptica de las variables y analizar su variabilidad espacio-temporal. Eneste trabajo se realiza un análisis estadístico de los datos mencionados para concentraciónde sedimentos inorgánicos en suspensión y clorofila-a en el Río de la Plata para el período10 de julio de 2002 a 16 de junio de 2010, se describen los patrones característicos en la escalaestacional y se discuten sus potenciales forzantes.","palabras_clave":"Río de la Plata|sedimentos finos|mediciones in situ|campañas oceanográficas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3003,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Documentación del Monasterio de Santo Toribio de Liébana en el Archivo Histórico Nacional. Apeo de 1499. Segunda parte (EDICIÓN DE DOCUMENTACIÓN PALEOGRÁFICA)","resumen":"Presentamos la segunda parte de la edición del documento Libro en el que constan las tierras, derechos, censos, etc..., del monasterio benedictino de Santo Toribio de Liébana, que data del año 1499 y se conserva en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de España, en la colección Códices y cartularios.","palabras_clave":"APEO|1499|SANTO TORIBIO DE LIÉBANA|EDICIÓN DE DOCUMENTACIÓN PALEOGRÁFICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3004,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Expansión del cultivo de la caña de azúcar en el área granera tucumana. Análisis por departamento del período febrero 2001-mayo2011","resumen":"Expansión del cultivo de la caña de azúcar en el área granera tucumana. Análisis por departamento febrero 2´´1 - mayo 2011","palabras_clave":"Caña de Azúcar|expansión"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3017,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"GROWTH  DEPENDENT EFFECTS OF DIETARY PROTEIN CONCENTRATION AND QUALITY ON THE BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE DIAPHYSEAL RAT FEMUR","resumen":"ObjectivesThis study compares the effects of feeding growing rats with increasing concentrations of casein (C) and wheat gluten (G), proteins that show different biological qualities, on the morphometrical and biomechanical properties of the femoral diaphysis.Materials and methodsFemale rats were fed with one of ten diets containing different concentrations (5\u201330%) of C and G between the 30th and 90th days of life (Control=C-20%). Biomechanical structural properties of the right femur middiaphysis were estimated using a 3-point bending mechanical test with calculation of some indicators of bone material properties.ResultsBody weight and length were affected by treatments, values being highest in rats fed the C-20% diet. G diets affected negatively both parameters. Changes in cross-sectional geometry (mid-diaphyseal cross-sectional and cortical areas, femoral volume, and rectangular moment of inertia) were positively related to the C content of the diet, while they were severely and negatively affected by G diets. Similar behaviors were observed in the bone structural properties (fracture load, yielding load, diaphyseal stiffness and elastic energy absorption). When values of strength and stiffness were normalized for body weight, the differences disappeared. The bone material quality indicators (elastic modulus, yielding stress, elastic energy absorption\/volume) did not differ significantly among all studied groups. Femoral calcium concentration in ashes was not significantly different among groups.ConclusionThe clear differences in strength and stiffness of bone beams induced by dietary protein concentration and quality seemed to be the result of an induced subnormal gain in bone structural properties as a consequence of a correlative subnormal gain in bone growth and mass, yet not in bone material properties.","palabras_clave":"DIET|PROTEIN|CASEIN|WHEAT GLUTEN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3021,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effectiveness of rhGH treatment on final height of renal-transplant recipients in childhood","resumen":"&nbsp;Ver texto completo","palabras_clave":"RHGH|RENAL|TRANSPLANT|RECIPIENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3023,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epidemiology of acanthocephalan infections in crabs from the Bah&#305;´a Blanca Estuary, Argentina","resumen":"This study was conducted in two populations of crabs, Cyrtograpsus angulatus and Neohelice granulata from the Bah&#305;´a Blanca Estuary, in Argentina, to identify risk factors for infection by the acanthocephalan Profilicollis chasmagnathi and to assess the association between infection and mortality of these hosts. Cyrtograpsus angulatus and N. granulata crabs were sampled seasonally over the course of a year, and spring sampling included collection of dead crabs predated by Olrog\u2019s gulls in a nearby breeding colony. Potential risk factors for infection  were assessed and the number of cystacanth larvae per crab was counted.  In C. angulatus, the odds of infection increased by 7% for each millimetre increase in carapace length, and were nearly 17 times greater in crabs sampled from the Olrog\u2019s gull feeding area compared with those sampled from nests in the breeding colony. For every millimetre increase in carapace length in N. granulata, the odds of infection increased by 13% in crabs from the breeding colony, and by 32% in crabs from the feeding area. Mean intensity of infection in N. granulata increased by 16.5% for each additional millimetre of carapace width. The level of parasite aggregation was lowest in the largest C. angulatus and highest in N. granulata predated by Olrog\u2019s gull. The results show that host size is the most important factor influencing infection prevalence in both crab species and intensity of infection in N. granulata, and suggest the presence of parasiteinduced mortality in the populations studied.","palabras_clave":"PROFILICOLLIS CHASMAGNATHI|CYRTOGRAPSUS ANGULATUS|NEOHELICE GRANULATA|EPIDEMIOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3024,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Stock 2011 del ganado bovino. Mapas de Existências e indicadores ganaderos. RIAN- SENASA","resumen":"El objetivo de esta cartilla es actualizar la información de las existencias ganaderas a través de mapas nacionales a nivel de Provincias, Dpto\/Partido, con información de stock e indicadores ganaderos en base a los datos de marzo 2012 provistos por el SENASA, Dirección de Control de Gestión y Programas Especiales. Dirección Nacional de Sanidad Animal. Mapas: Orientación productiva predominante de los establecimientos Distribución de las existencias bovinas de carne y leche % de establecimientos con hasta 100 cabezas Existencia de bovinos Existencia de vacas totales Existencia de vacas lecheras en establecimientos con actividad de tambo Existencia de terneros \/ras Zonas homogéneas de cría Existencia de novillitos + Novillos Indicador ternero \/ vaca (% destete). Producción de terneros Indicador vaca \/ stock Indicador novillito + novillo \/ vaca Variación 2011-2012 del stock del ganado bovino Variación 2011-2012 del stock de vacas totales Variación 2011-2012 del stock de terneros\/tras","palabras_clave":"STOCK|BOVINO|MAPAS |ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3025,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Porphyry to Epithermal Transition in the Agua Rica Polymetallic Deposit, Catamarca, Argentina: An intergrated petrologic analysis of ore and alteration parageneses","resumen":"Agua Rica (27º26?S-66º16?O) is a world class Cu-Au-Mo deposit located in Catamarca,Argentina. In the E-W 6969400 section examined, the Seca Norte and the Trampeadero porphyries that have intruded the metasediment are cut by interfingered igneous and hydrothermal heterolithic and monolithic breccias, and sandy dikes. Relic biotite and K-feldspar of the early, potassic alteration (370° to >550°C), with Cu (Mo-Au) mineralization, are locally preserved and encapsulated in a widespread, white mica + quartz + rutile or anatase halo(phyllic alteration) with pyrite + covellite that suggests fluids with temperatures &#8804;360°C and high f(S2). The Trampeadero porphyry and the surrounding metasediment with phyllic alteration have molybdenite in stringers and B-type quartz veinlets and the highest Mo grades (>1000ppm).  Multistage advanced argillic alteration overprinted the earlier stages. Early andalusite ± pyrite ± quartz is preserved in the roots of the argillic halo rimmed by an alumina-silica material and white micas. This alteration assemblage is considered to have been formed at temperatures &#8805;375°C from condensed magmatic vapor. At higher levels, pyrophyllite replaces muscovite and illite in clasts of hydrothermal breccias in the center and east sector of the study section,suggesting temperatures of 280° to 360°C. Clasts of vuggy silica in the uppermost levels of the central breccia, indicates that at lower temperatures (<250° C), fluids reached very low pH (pH<2). In this early stage of the advanced argillic alteration, hydrothermal fluids seem to have not precipitated sulfides or sulfosalts.  Hydrothermal brecciation was concurrent with fluid exsolution (&#8593;&#916; V), which precipitated intermediate-temperature advanced argillic alunite (svanbergite + woodhouseite) ± diaspore ± zunyite as breccia cement along with abundant covellite + pyrite + enargite ± native sulfur ± kuramite at intermediate depths and in lateral transitional zones to unbrecciated rocks. This mineral assemblage indicates temperatures near 300°C, oxidized and silica-undersaturated hydrothermal fluids with high sulfur fugacity to prevent gold precipitation. Multiple generations of pyrite, emplectite, colusite, Pb- and Bi-bearing sulfosalts, and native sulfur with Au and Ag,accompanied by alunite introduction in the upper level breccias, probably occurred at lower temperatures, but still high sulfur and oxygen activity. An independent Zn and Pb (as galena) mineralization stage locally coincides with Au-Ag and sulfosalts, and advanced at depth, controlled by fractures and overprinting much of the previous mineralization. A later paragenesis of veinlets of alunite + woodhouseite + svanvergite + pyrite ± enargite that cut the phyllic halo suggests temperatures ~ 250°C and without woodhouseite + svanvergite, temperatures ~ 200°C. Kaolinite occurs in the phyllic halo as a late mineral in clots and in veinlets thus, in this zone, the fluid had cooled enough for its formation.","palabras_clave":"PORPHYRY|EPITHERMAL|POLYMETALLIC CU\u2013MO\u2013AU\u2013ZN\u2013PB|HIGH SULFIDATION|NEOGENE|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3026,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A  stranding  of  Balaenoptera  borealis  (Lesson  1828)  from  Patagonia,  Argentina, with notes on parasite infestation and diet","resumen":"Strandings of baleen whales are uncommon in Patagonia, Argentina. We report on a stranding of an individual sei whale Balaenoptera borealis on the east coast of San Antonio (40°43.5' S, 64°55.8' W), Rio Negro province, Argentina. It was the eighth reported stranding of this species along the Argentinean coastline. The stomach content of the whale was dominated by crustaceans. Three parasite species were also recovered, namely Ogmogaster antarcticus (Trematoda), Anisakis simplex (Nematoda) and Tetrabothrius affinis (Cestoda). This was the first record of a host carrying the latter two species in the South-West Atlantic Ocean.","palabras_clave":"diet|new record|parasites|sei whale"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3027,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New eco-morphological-behavioural approach of the chinchilla rats in the pre-Andean foothills of the Monte Desert (Argentina)","resumen":"This study characterizes the ecology, behaviour and morphology of populationsof Abrocoma schistacea and A. uspallata in north-western Argentina. We carriedout live-trapping, tagging and recapture during 2006\u20132008. Burrow structure andvegetation were described. Diet composition and the activity of chinchilla rats weredefined. Both species inhabit rock crevices in the pre-Andean foothills of theMonteDesert. Some of their morphological specializations for saxicolous life, such asfoot pads for better traction on rocky surfaces and reduced nails, are convergentwith those of other saxicolous species. Both species appear to be diurnal, withactivity peaking in the early morning. Dietary analyses suggest trophic specializationby both species. Density of A. schistacea was of 0.15 ± 0.06 individualsha&#8722;1; with individuals living in groups of 3\u20134 animals. Given their low abundance,restricted distribution and high level of habitat and food specialization, we urgethat populations of this species be protected through effective management.","palabras_clave":"adaptations|chinchilla rats|Monte desert|saxicolous species"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3028,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Activation of the nuclear receptor PPARalpha regulates lipid metabolism in foetal liver from diabetic rats: implications in diabetes-induced foetal overgrowth","resumen":"Background PPARalpha is a crucial regulator of liver lipid metabolism. As maternal diabetes impairs fetal lipid metabolism and growth, we aimed to determine whether PPARalpha activation regulates lipid metabolism in the fetal liver from diabetic rats as well as fetal overall and fetal liver weight.&nbsp;&nbsp; Methods Diabetes was induced by neonatal streptozotocin administration (90 mg\/kg). For ex vivo studies, livers from 21 day fetuses from control and diabetic rats were explanted and incubated in the presence of PPARa agonists (clofibrate and LTB4) for further evaluation of lipid levels (TLC and densitometry), de novo lipid synthesis, and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). For in vivo studies, fetuses were injected through the uterine wall with LTB4 on days 19, 20, and 21 of gestation. On day 21 of gestation, fetal liver concentrations of lipids and lipoperoxides were evaluated.&nbsp; Results Fetuses from diabetic rats showed increased weight and liver weight, as well as accumulation of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters, increased de novo lipid synthesis and lipid peroxidation in the liver when compared to controls. Ex vivo studies showed that PPARalpha ligands reduced the concentrations and synthesis of the lipid species studied and reduced lipid peroxidation in the fetal liver from diabetic rats. In vivo experiments showed that LTB4 reduced the concentrations of triglycerides, cholesteryl esters and phospholipids, lipid peroxidation and weight in fetal livers from diabetic rats, and also reduced overall fetal weight.&nbsp;&nbsp; Conclusions PPARalpha activation regulates the impaired fetal liver lipid metabolism, prevents hepatomegaly and reduces fetal overgrowth induced by maternal diabetes. ","palabras_clave":"fetal liver|diabetes|PPARalpha|lipids"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3029,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Potential role of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in joint damage induced by Brucella abortus infection through the production and induction of matrix metalloproteinases","resumen":"Arthritis is one of the most common complications of human brucellosis, but its pathogenic mechanisms have not been elucidated. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are known to be central mediators of joint damage in inflammatory arthritides through the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade collagen and of cytokines and chemokines that mediate the recruitment and activation of leukocytes. In this study we show that Brucella abortus infects and replicates in human FLS (SW982 cell line) in vitro and that infection results in the production of MMP-2 and proinflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 [MCP-1], and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). Culture supernatants from Brucella-infected FLS induced the migration of monocytes and neutrophils in vitro and also induced these cells to secrete MMP-9 in a GM-CSF- and IL-6-dependent fashion, respectively. Reciprocally, culture supernatants from Brucella-infected monocytes and neutrophils induced FLS to produce MMP-2 in a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-)-dependent fashion. The secretion of proinflammatory mediators and MMP-2 by FLS did not depend on bacterial viability, since it was also induced by heat-killed B. abortus (HKBA) and by a model Brucella lipoprotein (L-Omp19). These responses were mediated by the recognition of B. abortus antigens through Toll-like receptor 2. The intra-articular injection of HKBA or L-Omp19 into the knee joint of mice resulted in the local induction of the proinflammatory mediators MMP-2 and MMP-9 and in the generation of a mixed inflammatory infiltrate. These results suggest that FLS, and phagocytes recruited by them to the infection focus, may be involved in joint damage during brucellar arthritis through the production of MMPs and proinflammatory mediators.Brucella abortus infects and replicates in human FLS (SW982 cell line) in vitro and that infection results in the production of MMP-2 and proinflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 [MCP-1], and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). Culture supernatants from Brucella-infected FLS induced the migration of monocytes and neutrophils in vitro and also induced these cells to secrete MMP-9 in a GM-CSF- and IL-6-dependent fashion, respectively. Reciprocally, culture supernatants from Brucella-infected monocytes and neutrophils induced FLS to produce MMP-2 in a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-)-dependent fashion. The secretion of proinflammatory mediators and MMP-2 by FLS did not depend on bacterial viability, since it was also induced by heat-killed B. abortus (HKBA) and by a model Brucella lipoprotein (L-Omp19). These responses were mediated by the recognition of B. abortus antigens through Toll-like receptor 2. The intra-articular injection of HKBA or L-Omp19 into the knee joint of mice resulted in the local induction of the proinflammatory mediators MMP-2 and MMP-9 and in the generation of a mixed inflammatory infiltrate. These results suggest that FLS, and phagocytes recruited by them to the infection focus, may be involved in joint damage during brucellar arthritis through the production of MMPs and proinflammatory mediators.","palabras_clave":"MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES|BRUCELLOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3030,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biocontrol as a strategy to reduce the impact of ochratoxin A and Aspergillus section Nigri in grapes","resumen":"The efficacy of two strains of Kluyveromyces thermotolerans in preventing the growth and ochratoxin A (OTA)  accumulation of ochratoxigenic fungi both \u201Cin vitro\u201D and \u201Cin situ\u201D was evaluated. The data from this study  showed that both yeast strains were able to control Aspergillus carbonarius and A. niger aggregate species  growth and ochratoxin A accumulation. The inhibitory effects were dependent on the ochratoxigenic species,  yeast strains, aw and temperature evaluated and their interactions. Over all conditions assayed, ochratoxin A  accumulation was reduced from 3% to 100% and the growth rate from 11% to 82.5%, depending on conditions.  These results are promising for future development of a bio-pesticide.","palabras_clave":"OCRATOXIN  A|GRAPES|ASPERGILLUS SECTION NIGRI|BIOCONTROL|KLUYVEROMYCES THERMOTOLERANS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3031,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biodiversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations in Malbec vineyards from the ?Zona Alta del Río Mendoza? region in Argentina","resumen":"The \u201CZona Alta del Río Mendoza\u201D (ZARM) is the major Malbec grape viticulture region of Argentina. The aim  of the present study was to explore Saccharomyces cerevisiae biodiversity in ZARM vineyards. Interdelta PCR  and RFLP mtDNA molecular markers were applied to differentiate S. cerevisiae strains. The presence of commercial  strains on ZARM vineyards was also assessed. Our results reveal a highly diverse, but genetically  closely related, S. cerevisiae population (containing more than 190 molecular patterns among 590 S. cerevisiae  isolates). According to the S. cerevisiae strain diversity found in vineyards, they were classified as vineyards  with high and low polymorphic S. cerevisiae populations. Six vineyards showed a high polymorphic population,  with more than 20 different S. cerevisiae molecular patterns. S. cerevisiae populations in these vineyards  were diverse and irregularly distributed, with different strains in each vineyard site. Low polymorphic S.  cerevisiae population vineyards displayed very low yeast diversity, with only 9 to 10 different S. cerevisiae  strains and presence of two commercial strains widely distributed. Population diversity estimators were calculated  to determine the population structure of S. cerevisiae in the ZARM vineyards. The obtained values  support the hypothesis that the eight sampled subpopulations come indeed from a larger population.","palabras_clave":"BIODIVERSITY|SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE|VINEYARD|MOLECULAR MARKERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3032,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Actualización en el tratamiento del síndrome urémico hemolítico endémico. Patogénesis y tratamiento de la complicación sistémica más grave de las infecciones por  escherichia coli productor de toxina shiga","resumen":"La forma típica o post-diarreicadel síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH)es la complicación más grave de las infecciones por cepas de Escherichia coli productoras de&nbsp; toxina Shiga (STEC). En Argentina el SUH esun problema crítico en salud pública, ya que representa la principal causa defalla renal aguda en la infancia, la segunda causa de falla renal crónica, yaporta el 20% de los casos de transplante renal durante la infancia y laadolescencia. A pesar de los avances en el conocimiento de su patogénesis, elúnico tratamiento actual de los pacientes con SUH es de sostén, y no existenterapias específicas ni preventivas. En la presente revisión expondremos losconocimientos básicos de los mecanismos patogénicos y discutiremos los enfoquesterapéuticos tradicionales e innovadores, con especial foco en la situaciónnacional y los aportes hechos por grupos de Argentina. ","palabras_clave":"SUH|Toxina shiga|tratamineto"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3033,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"How sensitive are probabilistic precipitation forecasts to the choice of calibration algorithms and the ensemble generation method?  Part II: Sensitivity to ensemble generation methods","resumen":"Different techniques for obtaining probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasts  (PQPFs) over South America are tested during the 2002-2003 warm season. They  have been applied to a regional ensemble system which uses the breeding technique to  generate initial and boundary conditions perturbations. This comparison involves 7  algorithms and also includes experiments to select an adequate size for the training  period. Results show that the sensitivity to different calibration strategies is small  with the exception of the rank histogram algorithm. The inclusion of the ensemble  spread or the use of different ensemble members for the computation of probabilities  shows almost no improvement with respect to probabilistic forecasts computed using  the ensemble mean, what is basically due to the strong relationship between  precipitation error and its amount.","palabras_clave":"probabilistic forecast|precipitation forecast|ensemble forecasting"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3034,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemical oxidation-induced polymerization of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[3-(N-ethylcarbazoyl)]porphyrin (P-CBZ). Formation and characterization of a novel electroactive porphyrin thin film","resumen":"The formation and characterization of novel polymer modified Pt and ITO electrodes obtained by  electropolymerization is depicted. The presences of porphyrin, a powerful optical and redox active  center, together with carbazole, a well-known hole-transporting material, confer to the polymer electric  and optical activity, with potential application in the development of organic optoelectronic  devices. 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis[3-(N-ethylcarbazoyl)]porphyrin form conductive, stable and reproducible  electropolymer films. Combined electrochemical and spectroscopic studies show that the electropolymerizationmechanisminvolves  the dimerization of carbazole units. During coupling of carbazole radicals,  protons are released to the media and porphyrin film is protonated, generating the porphyrin dication.  The observation of the characteristic porphyrin electronic spectrum after reduction of the film indicates  that the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle remains unaltered in the electrogenerated polymer. The formation of  a broad band that extends into the near-IR region upon polymer oxidation is in agreement with the  presence of a conducting polymer with good charge transport capability.","palabras_clave":"Electropolymerization|Porphyrin Polymer|Carbazole|Optoelectronic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3035,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A review of Late Cretaceous to Quaternary palaeogeography of the southern Andes","resumen":"The southern Andes were created by two main cycles of shallow to flat subduction settings that were derived from steepening subduction zones starting in Late Cretaceous times. The first wave of contractional deformation and Andean uplift migrated through the continental interior as a result of two shallow subduction zones, one developed between 36 and 39°S and the other between 40 and 46°S, associated with the expansion of arc magmatism. In latest Cretaceous to Eocene times, its northernmost segment flattened, increasing the compression and uplift of mountains in the far foreland area, whereas, to the south, a steepening subduction zone provoked extensionalcollapse of vast sectors of the fold and thrust belt followed by within-plate magmatism. The whole area between 36 and 44°S retreated as a large steepening zone in late Oligocene times, inducing asthenosphere injection and the formation of large within-plate plateaux in the foreland zone, as well as narrow extensional basins induced by the incipient collapse of the fold and thrust belt hinterland zone. The late Miocene was characterized by the development of three shallow subduction zones that expanded differentially between 34°30&#8242; and 50°S. These were again associated with arc expansions and lateral construction of the fold and thrust belt. Their evolution finished in Pliocene to Quaternary times with the eruption of within-plate plateaux and widespread extensional deformation that still governs important sectors of the present retroarc area. Finally, an incipient shallow subduction setting could have been developing between 35 and 39°S in the last 3 Ma associated with renewed Andean uplift at these latitudes. Cyclic shallow subduction in the southern Andes, and therefore repeated behaviour of constructional stages followed by collapsing ones associated with voluminous volcanism, could be the consequence of the cycle imposed by the docking of seismic ridges, one achieved in latest Cretaceous (?) to Eocene times and the other in late Miocene times. Other factors, such as the collision of highly serpentinized and thereforeisostatically buoyant plateaux, associated with fracture oceanic zones, are also considered to trigger shallow subduction settings.","palabras_clave":"ANDEAN UPLIFT|FORELAND MASSIFS|SHALLOWING SUBDUCTION|VOLCANISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3036,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrooxidation of DNA at glassy carbon electrodes modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes dispersed in polyethylenimine","resumen":"This work reports the electrochemical response of the complex between dsDNA and PEI formed in solution and at the surface of glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified with a dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in polyethylenimine (CNT-PEI). Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy demonstrate that the dispersion covers the whole surface of the electrode although there are areas with higher density of CNT and, consequently, with higher electrochemical reactivity. The adsorption of DNA at GCE\/CNT-PEI is fast and it is mainly driven by electrostatic forces. A clear oxidation signal is obtained either for dsDNA or a heterooligonucleotide of 21 bases (oligoY) at potentials smaller than those for the oxidation at bare GCE. The comparison of the behavior of DNA before and after thermal treatment demonstrated that the electrochemical response highly depends on the 3D structure of the nucleic acid.","palabras_clave":"POLYETHYLENIMIE|DNA|CARBON NANOTUBES|CARBON NANOTUBES DISPERSION|DNA BIOSENSOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3037,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Disruption of the alsSD Operon of Enterococcus faecalis Impairs the Growth on  Pyruvate at Low pH","resumen":"      Diacetyl and acetoin are  pyruvate-derived metabolites excreted by many microorganisms and are important  in their physiology. Although generation of these four-carbon compounds (C4) in  Enterococcus faecalis is a well-documented phenotype, little is  known about the gene regulation of their biosynthetic pathway and the  physiological role of the route in this bacterium. In  the present work, we identified the genes involved in their biosynthesis in E.  faecalis and herein we report on their transcriptional analysis. These  genes are part of the alsSD bicistronic operon, which codes for alpha-acetolactate synthase (AlsS) and alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase (AlsD). Our  studies showed that the alsSD operon transcription levels are maximal  during the exponential phase of growth, decreasing thereafter. Furthermore, we  found that this transcription is enhanced upon addition of pyruvate to the  growth medium.       In order to study the functional  role of the alsSD operon, an isogenic alsSD mutant strain was  constructed. This strain lost its capacity to generate C4 compounds confirming  the role of alsSD genes in this  metabolic pathway. In opposition to the wild type strain, the alsSD deficient strain was unable to  grow in LB medium supplemented with pyruvate  at initial pH 4.5. This dramatic  reduction in growth parameters for the mutant strain was simultaneously  accompanied by the inability to alkalinize internal and external medium under  these conditions. In sum, these results suggest that the decarboxylation  reactions related to the C4 biosynthetic pathway give the enterococcal cells a  competitive advantage during pyruvate metabolism at low pH.  ","palabras_clave":"enterococcus faecalis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3064,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Sistema previsional de Finlandia","resumen":"Se describe el funcionamiento del Sistema previsional de Gabón, con el fin de analizar los desafíos que deberá enfrentar este sistema a fin de ser viable a futuro.","palabras_clave":"Sistema|Previsional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3095,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Fases del proceso de definición de mampuestos con agregado plástico","resumen":"En el marco del Proyecto de Investigación CIUNT ?Definición de nuevos materiales de construcción, en el área de arquitectura, que incorporen material reciclado de residuos sólidos urbanos?, se abordó el diseño de ladrillos con el agregado de telgopor de embalaje (EPS) reciclado. Esta investigación está motivada por la necesidad de reducir los niveles de contaminación del medio ambiente. Se trabajó para proponer ladrillos novedosos, elaborados con tecnologías elementales y de características técnicas similares o superiores a las de los tradicionales. Se describen las fases que se cumplieron hasta el presente, destacando en cada una de ellas, los objetivos parciales perseguidos y discutiendo los resultados alcanzados. La tarea comenzó con el diseño y fabricación de una máquina muy simple, útil para reciclar el EPS recuperado, que permite definir el tamaño de los elementos resultantes. El diseño de esta máquina se fue mejorando sucesivamente. En cada fase se modifico la cantidad y\/o el tamaño del agregado de EPS en el mortero. En cada una de las muestras de ladrillos fabricadas se observaron las modificaciones que surgían tanto en el manejo de la pasta como en el acabado final del ladrillo. También se analizo la incidencia de la modificación del tipo de aglomerante en sus características mecánicas. Se describen siete fases de un proceso que aun esta en evolución.","palabras_clave":"RECICLADO|POLIESTIRENO|MAMPUESTOS CON RESIDUOS SOLIDOS|ENSAYOS DE LABORATORIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3112,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Identifying the trigeminal nerve branches for transovale radiofrequency thermolesion: 'no pain, no stress'.","resumen":"BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency thermorhizotomy of the trigeminal nerve is a knowntreatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Analysis of verbal responses to electric stimulation ofthe trigeminal rootlets has been the only method available to localize the affectedbranch, but patient discomfort may lead to unreliable verbal responses, resulting inincreased morbidity or even therapeutic failure. Orthodromically elicited evokedpotentials of the trigeminal nerve have also been used, but their application is tediousand results may vary.OBJECTIVE: To develop an electrophysiological method for intraoperative localizationof the trigeminal nerve branches.METHODS: A series of 55 patients under general anesthesia during radiofrequencythermorhizotomy were studied. The trigeminal nerve root was stimulated through theforamen ovale with the RF electrode. Antidromic responses were recorded from the3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve in the face. Effectiveness rate, pain relief, recurrence,complications, and patient comfort after the procedure were analyzed.RESULTS: Reproducible and easily obtained antidromic responses were clearly recordedin every subdivision of the trigeminal nerve in all patients. Ninety-four percent ofpatients experienced immediate pain relief after the procedure. The recurrence rate was12.72%, and the surgical morbidity was 20%.CONCLUSION: This method proved to be useful to determine the exact localization ofindividual subdivisions of the trigeminal nerve in anesthetized patients, making thisprocedure safer and more comfortable for them.","palabras_clave":"trigeminal nerve|intraoperative monitoring|radiofrequency|termolesion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3113,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Is parental care behavior in Belostoma species an evolutionary cause for their common sexual size dimorphism pattern?","resumen":"Current evidence suggests that sexual size dimorphism (SSD) reflects the male and female adaptation to their different reproductive roles. Belostoma and Lethocerus species, included in Belostomatidae, present different kinds of paternal care. Females of Belostoma Latreille species, lay their eggs on the back of males. Males carry, aerate, and protect the clutch until hatching, critical for offspring survival. Males of Lethocerus Mayr species exhibit some parental care behavior but do not carry the eggs. Both genus are nearly related. We study and compare the SSD patterns of B. oxyurum (Dufour), B. micantulum (Stål), B. elegans (Mayr), B. bifoveolatum Spinola, B. gestroi Montandon, and Lethocerus annulipes (Herrich-Schäffer) by means of a multivariate approach to distinguish selection targets in different components of size. The morphometric analysis reveals that SSD patterns vary among traits and that the arrangements are similar in Belostoma species showing a common trend under resembling selective mechanisms. The widespread SSD trend in insects is that all components of body size are biased towards females, generally related to a fecundity advantage, a pattern now also detected in L. annulipes. We found in Belostoma species that the male has relatively longer middle and hind legs. We propose that SSD in hind legs biased towards males is a selective response for paternal care; they denote a brood-adapted morphology. The middle leg enlargement may be an associated response to maintain an effective locomotion.","palabras_clave":"BELOSTOMATIDAE|BUGS|HETEROPTERA|MORPHOMETRY|DIMORPHISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3115,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Autocrine abscisic acid mediates the UV-B-induced inflammatory response in human granulocytes and keratinocytes. Journal of Cellular Physiology","resumen":"UV-B is an abiotic environmental stress in both plants and animals. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone regulating fundamental physiological functions in plants, including response to abiotic stress. We previously demonstrated that ABA is an endogenous stress hormone also in animal cells.Here, we investigated whether autocrine ABA regulates the response to UV-B of human granulocytes and keratinocytes, the cells involved in UV-triggered skin inflammation.The intracellular ABA concentration increased in UV-B-exposed granulocytes and keratinocytes and ABA was released into the supernatant. The UV-B-induced production of NO and of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phagocytosis and cell migration were strongly inhibited in granulocytes irradiated in the presence of a monoclonal antibody against ABA. Moreover, presence of the same antibody strongly inhibited release of NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-&nbsp;a (TNF-a) by UV-B irradiated keratinocytes. Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LANCL2) is required for the activation of the ABA signaling pathway in human granulocytes. Silencing of LANCL2 in human keratinocytes by siRNA was accompanied by abrogation of the UV-B-triggered release of PGE2,TNF-a and NO and ROS production.These results indicate that UV-B irradiation induces ABA release from human granulocytes and keratinocytes and that autocrine ABA stimulates cell functions involved in skin inflammation.2) and tumor necrosis factor-&nbsp;a (TNF-a) by UV-B irradiated keratinocytes. Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LANCL2) is required for the activation of the ABA signaling pathway in human granulocytes. Silencing of LANCL2 in human keratinocytes by siRNA was accompanied by abrogation of the UV-B-triggered release of PGE2,TNF-a and NO and ROS production.These results indicate that UV-B irradiation induces ABA release from human granulocytes and keratinocytes and that autocrine ABA stimulates cell functions involved in skin inflammation.","palabras_clave":"Abscisic acid|UV-B|Keratinocytes|Granulocytes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3116,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El arte de medir II","resumen":"El tamano y morfologia de las particulasde pigmentos, empleadas en la elaboración de una pintura de caballete, son de significativa importancia en lo que refiere a sus propiedades finales. Las cara%eristicas de la pintura que se ven condicionadas por las cualidades de las particulas son entre otras su du%ilidad, opacidad, brillo, color. La utilidad de conocer esta relacion implica la necesidad de medir magnitudes tales como longitudes y areas en la conformacion estratigrafica de una obra.1 El a%ual trabajo expone los desafíos que la tarea de cuantificar partículas presenta en muestras de secciones transversales de pintura de caballete, como asi también el enfoque experimental aplicado para la resolucionde los mismos.","palabras_clave":"SECCIONES|TRANSVERSALES|PARTICULAS|PIGMENTOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3117,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Del dicho al hecho. El 'modelo integrado y abierto' de Aldo Ferrer y la política económica en la Argentina de la segunda posguerra","resumen":"Este artículo tiene el propósito de reflexionar sobre los conceptos de Aldo Ferrer, sus aportes al pensamiento económico latinoamericano y los impactos que tuvieron sus ideas cuando se pusieron en práctica, al ser designado ministro en 1970. Analizamos el ?modelo integrado y abierto? que Ferrer elaboró en los sesenta como la estrategia para superar el subdesarrollo y la dependencia de Argentina. Comenzamos presentando la evolución de sus ideas previas sobre los problemas de la economía argentina, en particular industriales, para analizar luego los supuestos y principales variables de su propuesta. En tercer lugar, consideramos el amplio debate entre economistas locales que suscitó su postura, que en parte guió la aplicación de políticas económicas hasta 1976. Por último, señalamos el efecto perdurable que tuvo la aplicación de sus ideas sobre la estructura empresaria e industrial del país.","palabras_clave":"Pensamiento económico|Estructuralismo latinoamericano|Política industrial|Aldo Ferrer"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3118,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A survey of medical images and signal processing problems successfully solved with the application of Type-2 Fuzzy Logic","resumen":"Typical problems concerning to Digital Image Processing (DIP) and to Digital Signals Processing require specific models for each particular problem and the characteristics of the data involved. However, usually these data show a high degree of uncertainty due to the acquisition system itself, noise or uncertainties related to the nature of the problem. They often require considering different points of view of experts in a single model to determine a set of rules or predicates that would achieve the desired solution. Type-2 fuzzy sets can adequately model such uncertainties. This paper presents a study on different applications of type-2 fuzzy sets in image and signal processing, analyzing the main advantages of this type of fuzzy sets in modeling uncertainties. We also review the definitions of type-2 fuzzy sets, their main properties and operations between them.","palabras_clave":"SIGNAL PROCESSING|MEDICAL IMAGES|TYPE-2 FUZZY LOGIC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3119,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Elementos conceptuales y metodológicos para la Evaluación de Impactos Ambientales Acumulativos (EIAAc) en  bosques subtropicales. El caso del este de Salta, Argentina","resumen":"En el norte argentino se ha producido una fuerte expansión agropecuaria a costa del desmonte de bosques xerofíticos. En la Provincia de Salta, entre 1977 y 2008 se desmontó 26% del total de bosques existentes. A fines de 2007, frente a la inminente sanción de la Ley Nº 26331 de Presupuestos Mínimos de Protección Ambiental de los Bosques Nativos, se registra el valor más alto de la historia con una tasa de desmonte de 2.1%. Frente a esta situación, comunidades originarias y criollas del este de Salta presentaron un recurso de amparo a la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación, la cual solicitó a esta provincia la elaboración de una Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental Acumulativo (EIAAc) de los procesos de tala y desmonte en 4 departamentos. Los objetivos de este trabajo son proponer un marco conceptual para la EIAAc en el este de Salta y presentar evidencias y metodologías disponibles para la caracterización de esos impactos a partir de datos propios y de la literatura. El marco conceptual propuesto se basa en la cuantificación de los cambios en los niveles de provisión de servicios ecosistémicos (SE) en función de los factores de estrés y perturbación más importantes. Se analizaron los efectos del desmonte sobre cuatro SE clave: dinámica del C, balance de energía y emisión de gases con efecto invernadero (GEI), dinámica del agua y estructura del paisaje. Los desmontes generan emisiones de C superiores a 20 Gg C\/año, disminuciones en la reflectancia de 1.1 watt\/m2, emisiones de 2000 t de CH4, 200 t de N2O y 4400 TJ de energía radiativa por fuegos, aumentos del riesgo de salinización de suelos y fragmentación del paisaje. La consideración de estos aspectos provee elementos objetivos para la evaluación de alternativas de manejo y la elaboración de planes de seguimiento. Esto plantea no sólo desafíos técnicos sino también institucionales y políticos.","palabras_clave":"deforestación|evapotranspiración|fragmentación del paisaje|ganancias de carbono|gases efecto invernadero|cambio en el uso del suelo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3120,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurements of underlying-event properties using neutral and charged particles in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=900 GeV and sqrt(s)= 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"We present first measurements of charged and neutral particle-flow correlations in pp   collisions using the ATLAS calorimeters. Data were collected in 2009   and 2010 at centre-of-mass energies of 900&nbsp;GeV and 7&nbsp;TeV.              Events were selected using a minimum-bias trigger which   required a charged particle in scintillation counters on either side              of the interaction point. Particle flows, sensitive to the   underlying event, are measured using clusters of energy in the              ATLAS calorimeters, taking advantage of their fine   granularity. No Monte Carlo generator used in this analysis can   accurately              describe the measurements. The results are independent of   those based on charged particles measured by the ATLAS tracking              systems and can be used to constrain the parameters of Monte   Carlo generators.","palabras_clave":"underlying event|charged particle : particle flow|neutral particle : particle flow|correlation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3121,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pericarp Total Protein Profiles as Molecular Markers of Tomato Fruit Quality Traits in Two Segregating Populations","resumen":"The tomato fruit quality results of biochemical and physiological changes that occur during the ripening process. Although, the pericarp total protein profiles are less polymorphic than DNA-based markers the polymorphism in those could be directly associated with fruit quality traits. The aim of this work was to identify associations between polymorphic polypeptides from fruit pericarp at two ripening stages and fruit quality traits evaluated in two segregating populations of tomato. A cross between a normal ripening cultivar of Solanum lycopersicum (C, Caimanta) and a genotype carrying the nor (non ripening) gene (N) as well as a cross between Caimanta and a cherry type tomato of S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (Ce) showed genetic variance for several fruit quality traits such as fruit weight, shape, solids soluble content, acidity, color and fruit shelf life. The quantitative variations observed at phenotypic level had correspondence with the polymorphism detected in the protein profiles. Indeed, the polymophic polypeptides associated with quality fruit traits and fruit shelf life would be useful to assist tomato breeding programs as protein molecular markers.","palabras_clave":"SDS-PAGE|S. LYCOPERSICUM VAR. CERASIFORME|SHELF LIFE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3122,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Body size dimensions in lizard ecological and evolutionary research: exploring the predictive power of Pough?s mass estimation formula in two Liolaemidae radiations.","resumen":"Body size influences patterns of variation in several of the most important traits directly linked to fitness. Therefore, theestablishment of informative proxies for body size is a critical aim in ecological and evolutionary research. Among lizards,snout\u2013vent length (SVL) is the most widely used proxy for body size. However, since SVL is a linear measure of size, it failsto capture body shape variation. This limitation is largely resolved by the use of body mass, a multidimensional measure ofsize that is unfortunately rarely considered and reported. To circumvent this restriction, a classic allometric equation (Pough\u2019sequation) was proposed to convert SVL into mass. Nevertheless, the predictive power of this equation has been assumedrather than empirically tested for almost three decades. In a recent study on lizard size allometries, additional equations werederived for different groups separately, suggesting that more clade-specific equations are likely to perform better. Here, weinvestigate the precision of these allometric equations using two sister lizard genera (Liolaemus and Phymaturus), membersof the Liolaemidae radiation, for which SVL and mass have been measured. We found that our equations differ significantlyfrom the two more general equations primarily in intercepts, while the more clade-specific equation derived for Tropiduridaelizards is fully compatible with our equation for Liolaemus and showed only a borderline statistical difference with Phymaturus.Therefore, although more clade-specific equations may reliably predict body mass, more general equations should be usedwith caution in lizard ecological and evolutionary research. Previous allometric equations proposed to predict mass fromlength in other ectotherms should be quantitatively assessed before being employed.","palabras_clave":"ALLOMETRY|BODY MASS|LIZARDS|LIOLAEMUS|PHYMATURUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3123,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of Aquatic Vegetation on the Persistence of Cypermethrin Toxicity in Water","resumen":"Soybean production in Argentina comprises 15 million ha. Cypermethrin is the main insecticide applied amounting 150 g of active ingredient per hectare, thus representing roughly 2.3 thousand tons yearly released to the environment. Toxicity pulses have been observed in small streams draining agricultural basins, most of them sustaining macrophyte growth. Cypermethrin concentra- tions and its toxicity to the amphipod Hyalella curvispina was compared following an addition to laboratory meso- cosms with and without a vegetation cover of the floating macrophyte Lemna sp. Both concentrations and toxicity decreased faster in the treatments covered with Lemna. Fast adsorption of the hydrophobic pesticide to the roots and fronds of Lemna was suggested.","palabras_clave":"Cypermethrin|Macrophyte|Toxicity persistence|Hyalella curvispina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3124,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Hematológia y citoquímica de las células sanguíneas de Rhinellafernandezae (Anura: Bufonidae) en ambientes del Espinal y Delta-Islas del río Paraná, Argentina","resumen":"With the purpose of obtain basal hematological data blood samples of 23 adults of Rhinella fernandezae Gallardo 1957 from natural reserves of Santa   Fe and Entre   Ríos Provinces  were studied. Blood of each individual was extracted by cardiac puncture, and  hemograms were carried out. Morphological and cytochemistry description of the  blood cells were analyzed in slides, and, extra and intra cellular parasites  were inspected. Five leucocytes types were observed being lymphocytes the  predominant ones followed by basophiles. Heterophils and eosinophils were  positive to PAS, Sudan B, and peroxidase; whereas basophiles were strongly  positive to PAS, peroxidase was detected in traces and they resulted negative  for lipids. Within lymphocytes, polysaccharides, lipids, and peroxidase were  detected in the order of traces. Monocytes presented mild PAS-positivism, traces  of lipids and resulted negative for peroxidase. In thrombocytes, traces of  polysaccharides were observed, being negative for peroxidase and lipids. The  erythrocytes and its precursors were negative for cytochemistry reactions.  Micronuclei and nuclear alterations frequency were scarce. No significant  differences were observed between sexes neither in hemograms nor in the blood  cells morphology. Microfilarias (Nematoda: Filaroidea) were the only  hemoparasites found with a relative low prevalence and infection intensity.","palabras_clave":"Rhinella fernandezae|toads|hematology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3125,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interaction of p53 with Tumor Suppressive and Oncogenic Signaling Pathways to Control Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species Production.","resumen":"p53 is a crucial transcription factor with tumor suppressive   properties that elicits its function through specific target genes. It   constitutes a pivotal system that integrates information received by   many signaling pathways and subsequently orchestrates cell fate   decisions, namely, growth-arrest, senescence, or apoptosis. Reactive   oxygen species (ROS) production in cells can play a key role in signal   transduction, being able to trigger different processes as cell death or   cell proliferation. Sustained oxidative stress can induce genomic   instability and collaborates with cancer development, whereas acute   enhancement of high ROS levels leads to toxic oxidative cell damage and   cell death. Here, it has been considered p53 broad potential   contribution through its ability to regulate selected key cancer   signaling pathways, where ROS participate as inductors or effectors of   the final biological outcome. Further, we have discussed how p53 could   play a role in preventing potentially harmful oxidative state and cell   proliferation by pro-oncogenic pathways such as PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR and   WNT\/&#946;-catenin or under hypoxia state. In addition, we have considered   potential mechanisms by which p53 could collaborate with signal   transduction pathways such as transforming growth factor-&#946; (TGF-&#946;) and   stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK) that produce ROS, to stop or   eliminate uncontrolled proliferating cells.","palabras_clave":"p53|REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES|ONCOGENIC PATHWAYS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3126,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reversible exposure of hydrophobic residues on albumin as a novel strategy for the formulation of nanodelivery vehicles for taxanes","resumen":"We report herein a novel strategy for the preparation of protein based nanodelivery vehicles of hydrophobic active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The procedure consists of three steps: a) the exposure of hydrophobic residues of a protein to a pH-induced partial unfolding; b) the interaction between hydrophobic residues on the protein and the hydrophobic API, and c) a final step where the structure of the protein is reversed to a native-like state by returning to neutral pH. As a proof of concept, the interaction of paclitaxel (Ptx) with partially unfolded states of human serum albumin (HSA) was evaluated as a potential method to prepare water soluble complexes of the taxane with albumin. We found that Ptx readily binds to pH-induced partially unfolded albumin leading to the formation of optically clear water soluble complexes. The complexes thus formed were more stable in solution when the albumin native state was, at least partially, restored by neutralization of the solution to a pH around 7. It was also observed that the hydrodynamic radius of HSA was only slightly increased after the cycle of pH changes, remaining in a monomeric state with a size according to Ptx binding. Furthermore, Ptx binding did not affect the overall exposure of charged groups of HSA as evaluated by its interaction with an ionic exchange resin. The biological activity of the complexes formed was qualitatively equivalent to that of a Cremophor based formulation.","palabras_clave":"human serum albumin, |paclitaxel|unfold states|solubiilty"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3127,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Depth-profiling by confocal raman microscopy (CRM): Data correction by numerical techniques","resumen":"    The data obtained in confocal  Raman depth profiling experiments with dry optics are subjected to significant  distortions, including an artificial compression of the depth scale, due to the  combined influence of diffraction, refraction and instrumental effects that  operate on the measurement. This work explores the use of: 1) regularized  deconvolution; 2) the application of simple rescaling of the depth scale; as  methodologies to obtain an improved, more precise, confocal response. The deconvolution  scheme is based on a simple predictive model for depth resolution and the use  of regularization techniques to minimize the dramatic oscillations in the  recovered response typical of problem inversion. That scheme is first evaluated  using computer simulations, on situations that reproduce smooth and sharp  sample transitions between two materials, and finally applied to correct  genuine experimental data, obtained in this case from a sharp transition  (planar interface) between two polymeric materials. It is shown that the methodology  recovers very well most of the lost profile features in all the analyzed  situations. The use of simple rescaling appears only useful to correct smooth  transitions, particularly those extended over distances larger than those  spanned by the operative depth resolution, which limits the strategy to the  study of profiles near the sample surface. However, through computer  simulations, it is shown that the use water immersion objectives may help to  reduce optical distortions and to expand the application window of this simple  methodology, which could be useful for instance to safely monitor Fickean  sorption\/desorption of penetrants in polymer films\/coatings in nearly non  invasive way.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"CONFOCAL RAMAN MICROSPECTROSCOPY|DEPTH PROFILING|DATA CORRECTION|POLYMER FILMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3128,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fluorides in the Phreatic Aquifer of the Loess Plain, Cordoba Province, Argentina","resumen":"The natural occurrence of excessive quantities of dissolved fluorides in water has affected people\u2019s health for centuries. The aim of this paper is to assess fluoride contents and the geochemical environment that determines their presence and distribution in the unconfined aquifer in Malena town and its surrounding  rural area (Córdoba, Argentina). The area presents two hydrogeologic environments: one composed by loess sediments and another where fluvial and aeolian sediments are interstratified. The F- levels range between 1.53 mg\/ L and 8.75 mg\/L, the lowest contents being related to paleochannels. The statistical multivari- ate analysis (cluster and principal components) showed two groups: one is composed of the majority of main ions, with a high correlation nucleus formed by electrical conductivity and Na+, which explains water  mineralization. The other group is composed by F-As-pH- HCO3-, which validates the affinity of these two trace elements to high pH, alkaline solutions. The negative high correlation (R -0.82) found between F-  and Ca2+   corroborates that in groundwater with low levels of Ca +, high concentrations of F-in solution are stable. The results show the geomorphological and lithological control over the dissolved F-  levels. The highest levels of F- are related to: textural characteristics of the aquifer in the aeolian environment (very fine sands-silts) that generate slow groundwater flow; the mineralogy (volcanic glass, amphibole, pyroxene, apatite, all possible fluorine sources); and the bicarbon- ate sodium groundwater type and high pH of the solution (>7.80). Numerous cases of dental fluorosis were found in children, youngsters, and adults from the study region.","palabras_clave":"FLUORIDES|GEOCHEMISTRY|GROUNDWATER|DENTAL FLUOROSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3129,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"- Calidad de agua y zooplancton del embalse San Roque (Córdoba, Argentina)","resumen":"Los embalses son lagos artificiales que se construyen con múltiples propósitos. Sólo en la provincia de Córdoba estos ambientes abarcan una superficie superior a las 15.000 ha, entre los cuales San Roque es uno de los más importantes por la multiplicidad de usos que tiene. La calidad del agua es fundamental para mantener la integridad biológica de estos ecosistemas. Por su parte, el zooplancton posee gran importancia ya que además de su influencia sobre la transparencia del agua, transfiere la energía del fitoplancton hacia niveles tróficos superiores. Se evaluaron diferentes variables de calidad del agua y se determinaron riqueza, abundancia y biomasa del zooplancton del embalse San Roque (31º 22? S, 64º 27? W, 2478 ha), comunidad que ha sido poco estudiada actualmente en este reservorio. Se realizaron muestreos estacionales durante un ciclo anual (período 2007-2008). La temperatura, concentración de oxígeno disuelto, pH y transparencia del agua mostraron diferencias significativas entre épocas del año (Kruskal-Wallis, P < 0,01), pero los valores se encuadraron dentro de limites guías. El promedio anual de sólidos disueltos fue 157,3 (± 40,9 mg.l-1), mientras que la concentración de clorofila a máxima fue 66 &#956;g.l-1. En la comunidad zooplanctónica, los cladóceros mostraron diferencias significativas entre épocas del año (P < 0,05), con mayor abundancia y biomasa en primavera (99,1 ind.l-1 y 81,09 &#956;g.l-1 respectivamente), se identificaron 7 especies entre las que Bosmina longirostris fue la más frecuente. Los copépodos, en cambio, no presentaron diferencias estacionales (P = 0,07), con una mayor frecuencia de ciclopoideos.","palabras_clave":"EMBALSES|SAN ROQUE|CALIDAD DE AGUA|EUTROFICACIÓN|ZOOPLANCTON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3130,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vitro study of  microleakage of  fissure sealants with different  previous treatments","resumen":"The purpose of this work was to evaluate microleakeage of a sealant after using three different techniques for conditioning the surface to be sealed. Twenty-four caries-free upper and lower premolars were used, which were preserved in distilled water at room temperature. The structural faults were enlarged using a cylindrical conical diamond (ISO 007). Teeth were randomly assigned into three groups of eight. Group I (control) was conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid (Vivadent) for 15 seconds after which the sealant Helioseal F (Vivadent) was applied and cured for 40 seconds. Group II was conditioned in the same way, after which one-step adhesive Te-econom (Vivadent) and the sealant were applied. Group III was conditioned using a self-etching adhesive, Go (SDI), after which the sealant was applied. Adhesive was applied according to the manufacturer?s instructions. The samples were thermocycled for 300 cycles between 5º and 55ºC and immersed in a 2% methylene blue solution for 48 hs at standardized temperature of 37ºC ± 1º. Then they were rinsed with tap water and ground longitudinally in V-P direction with silica carbide rotatory disks of decreasing grit. The amount of leakage was evaluated under stereoscopic microscope at 40X magnification. The longitudinal penetration of dye into the tooth-sealant interface was scored on a scale of 0 to 3. The results were analyzed by a Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. In Group II, 100% of the samples showed low (50%) or no (50%) leakage. Both the other groups had a higher percentage of specimens with high leakage (scores 2 and 3) (P = 0.000). Group II had the best performance, with significant differences (P = 0.0028) compared to the other experimental groups. Marginal leakage was lowest when the tooth was conditioned with phosphoric acid and subsequent application of an adhesive, prior to sealant","palabras_clave":"pit and fissure sealants|dental leakeage"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3149,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Ciclo de Encuentros 'Trayectorias': Entrevista a Carlos Herrán. In Memoriam","resumen":"Desde el año 2008, la Secretaría de Extensión Cultural del Colegio de   Graduados en Antropología de la República Argentina lleva adelante el Ciclo de Encuentros ?Trayectorias?. En el mismo, se realizan entrevistas a antropólogos y antropólogas locales y regionales que recuperan, en primer lugar, su biografía y, a su vez, los sentidos construidos acerca de su práctica profesional. Uno de los objetivos principales de este ciclo es poder dejar registro de aquellas historias de vida que han contribuido al desarrollo de la antropología local y\/o regional y, por otro lado, aportar a la reflexión sobre la práctica profesional situada de la disciplina. Son responsables del proyecto Soledad Torres Agüero, María Soledad Gesteira y María Mercedes Hirsch.  Actualmente las entrevistas realizadas están disponibles en la página web   del Colegio de Graduados.En este número, hemos incorporado la entrevista   realizada a la antropóloga Ana María Gorosito durante el mes de noviembre de 2008, en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.  Ana María Gorosito Kramer es antropóloga social. En 1977 se radicó en   Misiones y es docente e investigadora de la Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Hasta 1990 sus investigaciones y trabajos de campo estuvieron fuertemente vinculados al estudio de relaciones interétnicas entre la sociedad nacional y las poblaciones aborígenes, especialmente en referencia a los Mbya guaraní en Misiones.   En la década del 90, se vinculó más intensamente con temas relativos a la   problemática educativa, siempre en la cuestión de las relaciones entre sociedad nacional y sociedades indígenas, y en los estudios culturales vinculados a la emergencia de nuevos sujetos sociales y sus modalidades de manifestación en la agenda pública. Desde 1998, desarrolla proyectos de investigación vinculados a temas relativos al patrimonio, con especial referencia a las misiones jesuíticas: el último de ellos (2005\/2008) sobre la historia social de la localidad de Corpus (Misiones), desde el periodo jesuítico hasta la actualidad.  Ha publicado trabajos sobre relaciones interétnicas, sociedades indígenas   y culturas subalternas, y ha participado en congresos y reuniones científicas sobre estos temas, en el país y en el extranjero.  Desempeñó cargos vinculados a la organización académica universitaria   y revistó como miembro de diversos cuerpos colegiados de la Universidad   Nacional de Misiones. Ha integrado el staff docente de posgrados que se   dictan en la Universidad Nacional de Misiones y en la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Se ha desempeñado en cargos públicos vinculados a la enseñanza y la protección de sitios patrimoniales y organizó la Editorial Universitaria de la UNaM. Participa habitualmente en actividades de transferencia y de divulgación científica.","palabras_clave":"antropología|trayectorias|entrevista"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3180,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La Literatura del Nuevo Milenio en Jujuy: un espacio caleidoscópico","resumen":"El presente trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación: Cartografía literaria del NOA de los ?90 y la nueva centuria: Estación Jujuy, indagación compleja, no sólo por las dimensiones estéticas, socio-culturales y críticas con las que se pretende delimitar el objeto sino por el escaso margen de distanciamiento histórico entre la producción literaria y su tratamiento interpretativo, lo que implica ciertos riesgos en el recorte analítico.  El contexto del nuevo siglo confronta la diversidad estética, la provocación escrituraria y la deconstrucción de la tradición ?parroquial? con aquellos dispositivos artísticos que la academia consagraba como legítimos, dando cuenta de múltiples poéticas, desde el formato papel en donde textura, imagen y diagramación se imponen al reinado de la escritura mediante la proliferación de ediciones alternativas, hasta las siluetas del entorno digital que instalan una suerte de laberinto virtual.  La novísima generación literaria en Jujuy -aquellos escritores nacidos a partir de la dictadura- diseña una irregular, variada y transitoria napa literaria que exige -sobre todo por su diferencia etaria- otras lógicas de pensamiento, nuevas rutas de acceso a la información, innovadores circuitos de lectura y ?raras? filiaciones artísticas como nutrientes ficcionales de la nueva centuria.","palabras_clave":"CORRIENTES CRÍTICAS| LITERATURA JUJEÑA|NUEVAS ESTÉTICAS|SIGLO XXI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3214,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Copper-containing spherical mesoporous silicates prepared by template-ion exchange: a multitechnique characterization and oxidation properties","resumen":"M41S type mesoporous silicate particles with spherical morphology containing copper nano-species  were successfully synthesized by the template-ion exchange (TIE) method and compared with those synthesized  by the direct hydrothermal (DHT) method. Various techniques including XRD, AAS, adsorption\/  desorption of N2, SEM, TEM, TGA, UV?Vis-DRS, TPR, XPS and FT-IR-Py, were employed for the nanocatalysts  characterization. A narrow distribution of silicate particle size between 2 and 3 lm, and a primary  mesoporosity were evidenced by electronic microscopy, even for loadings of copper of about 7 wt.%. All  the materials exhibited a good structural regularity, besides of high surface areas (>1000 m2\/g) and pore  volumes (1 cm3\/g). A secondary mesoporosity, likely caused by the hydrothermal treatment during the  TIE process, was also detected. This new synthesis method showed the advantage of promoting the introduction  of copper nano-species to the mesostructure (isolated Cud+ species and [Cud+. . .Od. . .Cud+]n clusters),  minimizing the bulk CuO formation. The coexistence of both oxidation states 1+ and 2+ (d+) in the  major copper species present in these catalysts could be inferred. In addition, all of the samples only  showed Lewis acid sites. The cyclohexene oxidation with H2O2 has been studied as a catalytic test: the  highly dispersed Cud+ species on the mesopore walls, obtained by TIE method, have been suggested as  the main active sites for the oxidation. The allylic oxidation has mainly taken place, with the formation  of 2-cyclohexen-1-one and 2-cyclohexen-1-ol as major products.","palabras_clave":"Copper|Nano-species|Template-ion exchange|M41S"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3229,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Magnetic properties in a loess-paleosol sequence of Corralito, Córdoba, Argentina.","resumen":"Abstract: In order to understand pedogenic processes and their relation with changes in magnetic mineralogyand paleoclimate conditions, a study of magnetic properties was carried out in Corralito area,Córdoba province, Argentina. In this contribution the hysteresis parameters at room temperature and thevariation of magnetic susceptibility with temperature were analyzed. The area is situated in central semiaridregion of Argentina (mean annual precipitation of 700 mm and mean annual temperature of 17ºC).The section comprises loess layers with one buried soil and three paleosols. An extensive period of soilformation recorded in one of the mentioned paleosol can be correlated with Marine Isotopic Stage 5 (MIS5) and other two paleosols could be related with Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3).Changes in magneticparameters suggest that paleosol III and the buried soil are characterized by depletion of detrital magneticminerals, while the other paleosols the magnetic signal is the opposite.According to the interpretationof the obtained results the actual climatic conditions seems to be similar to those prevailing duringMIS 5, while MIS 3 seems to be more humid.","palabras_clave":"Environmental magnetism|loess|late Cenozoic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3230,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Successful alternative treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Argentina with a combination of linezolid, moxifloxacin and thioridazine","resumen":"OBJECTIVES:   Current drug choices to treat extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) are scarce; therefore, information on the safety, tolerability and efficacy of alternative regimens is of utmost importance. The aim of this study was to describe the management, drug adverse effects and outcome of alternative combined treatment in a series of XDR-TB patients.  PATIENTS AND METHODS:  A retrospective study was performed on 17 non-AIDS, pulmonary adult patients with XDR-TB admitted to a referral treatment centre for infectious diseases in Buenos Aires from 2002 through 2008. Drug susceptibility testing was performed under regular proficiency testing and confirmed at the national TB reference laboratory.  RESULTS:  Linezolid was included in the drug regimens of all patients; moxifloxacin and\/or thioridazine were included in the regimens of 14 patients. Clinically tractable drug adverse effects were observed in nine patients, the most frequent being haematological disorders and neurotoxicity. In two patients, thioridazine was discontinued. Negative culture conversion was achieved in 15 patients, 11 completed treatment meeting cure criteria, 4 are still on follow-up with good evolution, 1 defaulted treatment and 1 was lost to follow-up.  CONCLUSIONS:  The combination of linezolid, moxifloxacin and thioridazine is recommended for compassionate use in specialized centres with expertise in the management of XDR-TB.","palabras_clave":"FLUOROQUINOLONES|PHENOTHIAZINES|TOXICITY|LINEZOLID|MOXIFLOXACIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3231,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de la aplicabilidad del modelo de Bohr acerca de la predicción de las lineas de emisión del átomo de helio en el marco del dictado de física moderan en la facultad de ingeniería de la UNLP","resumen":"El dictado de la materia Física IIIA de las carreras de Ingeniería Electrónica (IE1), Electricista (IE2) y Química (IQ) dictadas en la Facultad de Ingeniería (FI) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) abarca dos módulos bimestrales. En el segundo de ellos se abordan temas de Física Moderna y entre las actividades de laboratorio establecidas, los alumnos deben realizar un experimento destinado a determinar las líneas características de emisión de una lámpara de gas de He a baja presión utilizando un espectrómetro portátil. En el presente trabajo se describe el instrumental utilizado, la metodología experimental adoptada, se presentan las mediciones realizadas de las líneas características emitidas por el átomo He (HeI) y se las compara con las líneas publicadas en la literatura. A partir del uso del modelo de Bohr para el caso del átomo de He+1 simplemente ionizado (HeII), se estiman las longitudes de onda emitidas por el ión HeII y se las compara con las líneas características del HeII publicadas. También en el marco del modelo de Bohr, se calculan las longitudes de onda emitidas por el átomo HeI despreciando la repulsión entre los electrones y se las compara con las líneas observadas en el laboratorio. Finalmente, se analiza la aplicabilidad del modelo de Bohr en la descripción de los sistemas HeI y HeII.","palabras_clave":"Bohr|Ingeniería|laboratorio|línea de emisión"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3232,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La ciudad infinta y continua.  II","resumen":"    Los estudios de Robert Venturi  ayudan&nbsp; a definir un nuevo tipo de forma  urbana que emerge en América y en Europa, y es radicalmente diferente del&nbsp; que se conocía. Se está en presencia del  urbanismo de ramificación, ?the urban sprawl?, que se ha definido como una  configuración urbana de tipo&nbsp; ramificado  y crecimiento espontaneo. En las Vegas, asiento de los estudios  de Venturi, &nbsp;se observa la ?historia de  los símbolos en el espacio sobre las formas en el espacio, en el paisaje del  automóvil de las grandes distancias y las altas velocidades?; en donde&nbsp; los  residentes de los barrios en expansión tienden a vivir en casas unifamiliares y  a trasladarse en automóvil al trabajo. El  simbolismo&nbsp; de la ramificación urbana  está también en su arquitectura residencial&nbsp;  y no solo en las comunicaciones al borde de los caminos del Strip  comercial. La imagen del sprawl City es el resultado&nbsp; de este proceso en donde algunos planificadores urbanos hacen hincapié en los  aspectos cualitativos de la expansión como la seguridad y tranquilidad de estos  barrios y otros, en cambio, tienden a centrarse en la cantidad real de la  tierra que ha sido urbanizada por la expansión.  ","palabras_clave":"CIUDAD|RAMIFICACION|SUBURBANIZACION|SPRAWL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3233,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isomerization -cracking of n-octane on PtxH3-xPW12O40 supported on ZrO2 and ZrO2-WO3","resumen":"The hydromerization-cracking of n-octane was studied using catalysts based on H3PW12O40 (HPA) supported over zirconia and promoted with Pt.&nbsp; The addition of Pt to the supported HPA samples does not modify the total acidity substantially but the Brönsted acidity is remarkably increased. A linear relation between n-C8 total conversion at 5 min time-on-stream and Brönsted acidity was showed. The selectivity pattern of catalysts point to a simple mechanism of transformation in which n-C8 is isomerized to yield i-C8 that is subsequently broken mainly in middle positions.&nbsp; Finally one part of the produced n-C4 is isomerized to i-C4. So the principals products of conversion n-C8 were n-C4;&nbsp; n-C5; &nbsp;i-C4; i-C5 and i-C8. The most adequate for performing the isomerization and cracking to yield high RON (Research Octane Number) are catalyst with higher values of Brönsted acidity","palabras_clave":"Isomerization|cracking|Ptx H3-xPW12O40 |n-octane"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3234,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"FACIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPLICATIONS OF DIETARY RESTRICTION EFFECTS IN MANDIBULAR GROWTH. A CEPHALOMETRIC AND HISTOMORPHOMETRIC STUDY IN GROWING RATS","resumen":"FACIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPLICATIONS OF DIETARY RESTRICTION EFFECTS IN MANDIBULAR GROWTH. A CEPHALOMETRIC AND HISTOMORPHOMETRIC STUDY IN GROWING RATS Martin A, Garat J, Pani M, Lopez Miranda L, Ruiz Holgado N, Rodriguez G, Meheris H.Anatomía e Histología. Dental School. National University of Tucuman Objectives: We present an experimental study which analyzed the effects of different degrees of dietary restriction in mandibular growth and its possible consequences on facial development. &#8232;Materials and methods: Sprague Dawley rats adapted to a balanced hard diet (BD) after weaning were used. Animals were divided into 4 groups: Control: fed BD ad libitum (The amount of food consumed was recorded daily). Experimental groups (G 90% G 80% G 75%). The G90% consumed the 90%, G 80% the 80% and G 75% the 75% of the amount of (DB) that controls consumed the previous day. The animals were sacrificed at 25 days experience. Heads were dissected and fixed in 10% formalin. One hemimandible of each animal was separated from the head in order to perform radiographs. The remaining samples were processed for paraffin embedding. Sections of the temporomandibular joint were obtained and stained with H & E.Cephalometric Determinations. &#8232;(a).Mandibular condylar process length (MCL). (b).Height of the alveolar process of the first molar (HAP). (c). Mandibular body length (MBL). (d). Mesiodistal length from first to third molar (LM). &#8232;Histomorphometric determinations: (a). Total thickness of condylar cartilage (TCC). (b) Trabecular number, thickness and separation in the subchondral bone of the mandibular condyle. (c). Trabecular number, thickness and separation in interradicular lower first molar bone. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey. Results: The cephalometric analysis showed no significant differences between the parameters studied in control groups respect to the experimental (p> 0.05). The histological studies indicated that the trabecular number was significantly lower in the experimental groups compared to control (p Subsidized by CIUNT. Keywords: Facial development. Undernutrition. Histomorphometry","palabras_clave":"FACIAL DEVELOPMENT|UNDERNUTRITION|HISTOMORPHOMETRY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3235,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Discrete Event Simulation Model for the Analysis of Software Quality Attributes","resumen":"A discrete event simulation model for evaluating quality attributes, employing the software architecture, is proposed in this work. A metamodel of the software architecture domain that includes the concepts required for measuring quality attributes at runtime is specified. So, a simulation model is built from it, following the principles of hierarchy and modularity, assembling simple blocks to obtain complex blocks. DEVS framework is applied to obtain a decoupled model from the simulator, and the DEVS formalism is used to specify the elements of the simulation model.   The objective of this approach is to provide information about the quality attributes that can be measured at runtime, introducing the discrete event simulation in the context of the software architecture design. This quantitative information will assist the architect to make decisions about the design of the system.","palabras_clave":"QUALITY ATTRIBUTE|SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE|DEVS|SIMULATION MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3236,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Implantación de colza en siembra directa. Parte 1: efecto de los rastrojos.","resumen":"Una de las premisas en la siembra de colza en sistemas de directa consiste en la selección del lote a utilizar. En este sentido, son recomendables aquellos lotes &nbsp;que se desocuparon más temprano y que los cultivos precedentes hayan dejado bajos volúmenes de rastrojo.Los rastrojos abundantes tienden a complicar la implantación del cultivo de colza ya que se compromete la colocación de la semilla a la profundidad deseada y el correcto cierre del surco y, además, &nbsp;las plantas tienden a sufrir más los efectos de las heladas en las primeras etapas del desarrollo.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estimar el coeficiente de pérdida de plantas a adoptar en siembra directa a fin de alcanzar una densidad óptima de 80 plantas por metro cuadrado.Durante el año 2009, sobre un suelo Argiudol típico, en el que el cultivo antecesor fue soja y el anterior a éste maíz, se dispusieron seis tratamientos organizados con un arreglo factorial, donde: Factor A: \u201CCon rastrojo\u201D (sin remoción de rastrojos) y&nbsp; \u201CSin rastrojo\u201D (Remoción de los rastrojos). Factor B: Tres coeficientes de logro (plantas logradas con respecto a las sembradas): 0,3; 0,5 y 0,7, resultando tres densidades de siembra: 12,2, 7,3 y 5,2 kg\/ha. La siembra de la colza se efectuó el 3\/06\/09. Para evaluar la eficiencia de implantación, se efectuaron tres recuentos de plantas en los estados cotiledonar (23\/06\/09), dos hojas (06\/07\/09) y roseta (21\/08\/09).El volumen de rastrojo determinado previo a la siembra fue de 7640 ± 962 Kg MS\/ha (CV= 12,6%), bastante superior a lo estimado para ensayos similares en campañas previas. La campaña se caracterizó por un arranque favorable para la emergencia, producida el 16\/06\/09, pero con sucesivas heladas. Cuando el cultivo se encontraba en B6 - B8 (escala CETIOM: 6-8 hojas) fue severamente afectado, sobre todo durante el período 9 \u2013 14 de julio en que las heladas fueron muy intensas comprometiendo la supervivencia de las plantas sobre todo en el tratamiento con rastrojo en superficie.Los elevados volúmenes de rastrojo de soja no perjudicaron la emergencia de la colza, pero sí acrecentaron el efecto nocivo de las heladas sobre las plantas de colza.Bajo estas circunstancias, sería conveniente incrementar la densidad de siembra a valores no usados en los años favorables, o bien, reemplazar el cultivo por otro con menores riesgos de helarse.","palabras_clave":"COLZA|RASTROJOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3238,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epicuticle lipids mediate mate recognition in Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)","resumen":"Insect epicuticle lipids are known to participate in intraspecific chemical communication as contact cues, both in aggregation and sexual behavior. Triatomine bugs are vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. In Triatoma infestans, major epicuticle lipid components are hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, and free and esterified fatty acids. Previously, we have shown that epicuticle lipid extracts, or selected fatty acid components, trigger aggregation and arrestment behavior. In the present study, head space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) sampling of epicuticle lipid extracts showed no sex dimorphism in epicuticular hydrocarbons but detected female-specific fatty alcohols (eicosanol and docosanol). We evaluated epicuticle lipids role in bug copulation behavior; male mating attempts were quantified in the presence of live females and freeze-killed females, either intact, deprived of their epicuticle lipids, or reconstituted with 1 or 3 female equivalents. We report that hexane-extractable contact cues trigger mate recognition by males. Males contact females with their antennae prior to elicit mating attempts. Freeze-killed females were attractive to males (61% mating attempts); no response was detected when males were exposed to hexane-washed females. The attraction was partially recovered when the epicuticle lipid extract was reloaded on the female dorsal surface. One female equivalent of docosanol, but not eicosanol, evoked similar response.","palabras_clave":"CONTACT SEX PHEROMONE|MATING BEHAVIOR|FATTY ALCOHOLS|HYDROCARBONS|CHAGAS DISEASE VECTORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3239,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Luminosity Determination in pp Collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV Using the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.","resumen":"Measurements of luminosity obtained using the ATLAS detector during early running of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are presented. The luminosity is independently determined using several detectors and multiple algorithms, each having different acceptances, systematic uncertainties and sensitivity to background. The ratios of the luminosities obtained from these methods are monitored as a function of time and of mu, the average number of inelastic interactions per bunch crossing. Residual time- and mu-dependence between the methods is less than 2% for 0&lt;mu&lt;2.5. Absolute luminosity calibrations, performed using beam separation scans, have a common systematic uncertainty of +\/-11, dominated by the measurement of the LHC beam currents. After calibration, the luminosities obtained from the different methods differ by at most +\/-2%. The visible cross sections measured using the beam scans are compared to predictions obtained with the PYTHIA and PHOJET event generators and the ATLAS detector simulation.","palabras_clave":"CERN LHC|ATLAS|CALIBRATION|LUMINOSITY MEASUREMENT METHODS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3240,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stereoselective effects of monoterpenes on the microviscosity and curvature of model membranes assessed by DPH steady state fluorescence anisotropy and light scattering analysis","resumen":"Here we evaluated stereoselectivity in monoterpenes (MTs) ability to disturbmembrane dynamics. Correlations between molecular structure and physicochemicalproperties of pinenes, menthols and carvones enantiomers were investigated through clusterand principal component analysis. So, MTs´ concentration-dependent changes in lightscatteringand DPH-fluorescence polarization induced by MTs were measured on largeunilamellar vesicles (LUVs) of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine.The behavior of the less polar compounds (hydrocarbons) were characterized by amembrane expansion (increase in light-scattering), detectable within the low-concentrationrange. They remained in the membrane up to the highest concentrations tested exhibiting aconcentration-dependent anisotropy decrease. Within the more polar terpenes (alcohols)prevailed a budding phenomenon with the production of small LUVs with roughly constantcurvature (more evident at medium and high concentrations) which explains the slight changein microviscosity (DPH fluorescence anisotropy). These behaviors were compatible with thedeeper localization within the membrane core of the formers compared with the latters aspredicted from the corresponding polar charge distribution in their molecular structures.The enantioselectivity was expressed by neomenthol at low concentration and carvoneat medium concentration. Inhibition and potentiation was evidenced, within the lowconcentrationrange, by the racemic mixtures in neomenthol and beta-pinenes, respectively.-pinenes, respectively.","palabras_clave":"TERPENES|STEREOISOMERS|RACEMIC MIXTURES|DPH FLUORESCENCE ANISOTROPY|MEMBRANE ORGANIZATION|MEMBRANE DISRUPTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3241,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains from animal environmental with aflatoxin B1 binding ability and anti-pathogenic bacteria influence in vitro","resumen":"Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by fungi growing on foods or feeds and represent a serious hazard tohumans and animals. Concerns related to the negative health impact of aflatoxins have led to the investigation ofstrategies to prevent, eliminate or reduce the presence of these toxins in contaminated products. Saccharomycescerevisiae strains are among promising candidates that can be used in animal feed for improving the robustnessof animals in the production environment. The aim of this work was to isolate and select S. cerevisiae strains frompig environment with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) binding ability, able to tolerate gastrointestinal conditions and withsome potential beneficial properties to the host. S. cerevisiae strains were isolated from animal feed, faeces and gutand identified by morphological and molecular techniques. AFB1 binding percentages varied among yeast strainsaccording to the AFB1 concentration used. The RC016 strain showed the highest adsorption percentage at the threeAFB1 concentrations tested in this work (50, 100 and 500 ng\/ml) followed by RC008 strain. All yeast strains wereable to survive under gastrointestinal conditions and to strongly adhere to Vero cells. All S. cerevisiae strains showedco-aggregation with pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Salmonella enterica sub sp.enterica). Only RC016 and RC008 strongly inhibited the three pathogens assayed. S. cerevisiae strains RC016 andRC008 are promising microorganisms for inclusion in animal feed.","palabras_clave":"SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE|AFLATOXIN B1 BINDING ABILITY|PATHOGENIC BACTERIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3242,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"From Single to Multiple Ag-Layer Modification of Au Nanocavity Substrates: A Tunable Probe of the Chemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Mechanism","resumen":"We present experimental and computational results that enlighten the mechanismsunderlying the chemical contribution to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Gold void metallic arrays electrochemically covered either by a Ag monolayer or 10100 Ag layers were modified with a self-assembled monolayer of 4-mercaptopyridine as a molecular Raman probe displaying a rich and unexpected Raman response. A resonant increase of the Raman intensity in the red part of the spectrum is observed that cannot be related to plasmon excitations of the cavity-array. Notably,we findan additional 1020 time increase of the SERS amplification upon deposition of a single Ag layer on the Au substrate, which is, however, almost quenched upon deposition of 10 atomic layers. Further deposition of 100 atomic Ag layers results in a new increase of the SERS signal, consistent with the improved plasmonic efficiency of Ag bulk-like structures. The SERS response as a function of the Ag layer thickness is analyzed in terms of ab initio calculations and a microscopic model for the SERSchemical mechanism based on a resonant charge transfer process between the molecular HOMO state and the Fermi level in the metal surface. We find that a rearrangement of the electronic charge density related to the presence of the Ag monolayer in the Au\/Ag\/molecule complex causes an increase in the distance between the HOMO center of charge and the metallic image plane that is responsible for thevariation of Raman enhancement between the studied substrates. Our results provide a general platform for studying the chemical contribution to SERS, and for enhancing the Raman efficiency of tailored Au-SERS templates through electrochemical modification with Ag films.","palabras_clave":"Raman|chemical surface enhanced raman"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3243,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Autonomic Nervous System Activation During Social Cognition Tasks in Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Relatives","resumen":"Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whetherpatients with schizophrenia and their unaffected first-degreerelatives have abnormal autonomic nervous system (ANS)responses to social cognition tasks.Background: Social cognition impairments are significant inschizophrenia. ANS activity has been shown to be abnormal inschizophrenia patients, and some of the abnormalities seem tobe shared by patients? unaffected relatives.Method: Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured at rest andduring social cognition tasks, in patients with schizophrenia,their nonpsychotic first-degree relatives, and matched healthycontrols (n=19 in each group).Results: Social cognition tasks induced a shortening of the RRinterval in unaffected relatives, but not in patients. Socialcognition tasks generated decreases in high-frequency (indicatingcardiac vagal activity) and low-frequency (reflecting predominantlysympathetic activity) HRV in patients. In relatives, thedecrease occurred in the high-frequency component only. LowfrequencyHRV was higher in patients during a theory of mindtask than a control task. These changes were not observed in thecontrols.","palabras_clave":"SQUZOPHRENIA|SOCIAL COGNITION|AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM|ENDOPHENOTYPE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3244,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of citric acid over TiO2. I: Mechanism of 3-oxoglutaric acid degradation","resumen":"As part of the study on TiO2-heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of citric acid (Cit), degradation of  3-oxoglutaric acid (OGA, 5mM, pH 2.8), one of the main intermediates of Cit, was analyzed. As reactive  -ketodicarboxylic acid, OGA decays rapidly in ambient dark conditions to acetoacetic acid and acetone.  The photocatalytic reaction over TiO2 underUVlight is thus affected by this thermal pathway and, in addition  to the products found in dark conditions, other carboxylic acids like lactic, pyruvic, glyoxylic and  acetic acid were detected and quantified. TOC decrease is proven due mostly by the thermal reaction.  Kinetic parameters for both thermal and photochemical reactions were obtained from the experimental  data, and mechanisms for the TiO2-photocatalytic degradation were proposed for OGA and its intermediates.  The interplay between OGA thermal and photocatalytic decay is verified, a subject not very much  described in the literature.","palabras_clave":"Heterogeneous photocatalysis|TiO2|3-Oxoglutaric acid|Citric acid"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3245,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemical Studies of Ochratoxin A Mycotoxin at Gold Electrodes Modified with Cysteamine Self-Assembled Monolayers.  Its Ultrasensitive Quantification in Red Wine Samples.","resumen":"The quantification of ochratoxin A is studied at cysteamine self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes in red wine samples by square wave voltammetry. Detection and quantification limits of 0.004 mg L[1]1 and 0.012 mg L[1]1, respectively, were determined. The recovery percentages were in the range from 146% to 94.0% at spiking levels ranging from 0.02 to 5 mg L[1]1. The variation coefficients for within-laboratory repeatability varied from 31.4 to 11.5% for spiked level from 0.02 to 2.0 mg L[1]1. The developed electrochemical method is efficient, reproducible, and ultrasensitive for the quantification of OTA in red wine samples ","palabras_clave":"CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY|OCHRATOXIN A|SELF ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER|SQUARE WAVE  VOLTAMMETRY|SUB-PPB ELECTROANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3246,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"White-fruited Duchesnea indica (Rosaceae) is impaired in ANS gene expression","resumen":"Premise of the study: Duchesnea indica is a wild strawberry-like species that exhibits red-fruits. In a survey we have detected a white-fruited individual. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the white-fruited character was due to a phenotypical or genotypical change. The stability, heritability and genes involved in the anthocyanins synthesis was studied in comparison with red-fruited genotypes. This study contributes to understand the molecular basis of some factors involved in the fruit pigmentation and the heritability of the white-fruited character. Methods: The stability and heritability of the white-fruited character were evaluated in plants obtained by asexual propagation or by sexual crosses between the white- and red-fruited genotypes. Asexual multiplication were carried by stolon rooting and sexual by germination of achenes obtained from crosses. The expression level of the genes involved in the synthesis and regulation of anthocyanins pathway (CHS, F3H, DFR, ANS and MYB10) were evaluated by RT-PCR using specific primers. Key results: Plants exhibiting the white-fruited character always yielded white-fruited progeny when propagated asexually, whereas in sexually propagated plants depended on the mother used. Red-fruited mother yielded red-fruited progeny and white-fruited mother yielded fruits from dark pink to white color. Molecular analysis suggested that the white-fruited character was due to the low expression of the ANS gene. Conclusions: Results obtained indicate that the white-fruited character was stable. Mother progenitors exert a strong influence on the expression of the white-fruited character. The white-fruited phenotype is due to the impairment or down regulated of the ANS gene. ","palabras_clave":"White-fruited Duchesnea indica|Anthocyanin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3247,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antimicrobial susceptibility testing in clinically relevant non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli: recommendations from the Antimicrobial Agents Subcommittee of the Sociedad Argentina de Bacteriología, Micología y Parasitología Clínicas, Asociación Argenti","resumen":"This document contains the recommendations for antimicrobial   susceptibility testing of the clinically relevant non-fermenting   gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), adopted after conforming those from   international committees to the experience of the Antimicrobial Agents   Subcommittee members and invited experts. This document includes an   update on NFGNB classification and description, as well as some specific   descriptions regarding natural or frequent antimicrobial resistance and   a brief account of associated resistance mechanisms. These   recommendations not only suggest the antimicrobial drugs to be evaluated   in each case, but also provide an optimization of the disk diffusion   layout and a selection of results to be reported. Finally, this document   also includes a summary of the different methodological approaches that   may be used for detection and confirmation of emerging b-lactamases,   such as class A and B carbapenemases.","palabras_clave":"pruebas de sensibilidad| antimicrobianos|recomendaciones|bacilos gram negativos no fermentadores"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3248,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Ganancia de peso en terneros Brahman y Brangus ¼, 3\/8 y 5\/8 desde el nacimiento hasta el destete en Corrientes (Argentina).","resumen":"En los ambientes tropicales la utilización del cruzamiento de ganado Bos taurus x Bos indicus es una herramienta de gran utilidad para mejorar los índices productivos de un establecimiento. El clima es un factor que afecta la eficiencia productiva. La Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina) presenta un clima subtropical, con condiciones limitantes para el desarrollo de la ganadería. Estas condiciones del medio determinan la elección de criar animales adaptados, rústicos y con un alto desempeño productivo. Para ello, una opción disponible en la zona es el uso de ganado Bos indicus o sus cruzas. La raza índica más utilizada para este propósito es Brahman. La forma más comúnde utilizar el ganado índico es en cruzamientos con razas europeas y sintéticas en diferentes proporciones, como el Braford y Brangus 1\/4, 3\/8, 5\/8 y otras. En establecimientos de la zona se ha observado que la hacienda en muchos casos presenta características fenotípicas de 1\/4 sangre Bos indicus y esto puede traer como consecuencia una pérdida de adaptabilidad al medio, dada la escasa cantidad de sangre índica de esta cruza. Por este motivo se trabajó sobre la comparación del desempeño de los cruzamientos sobre la base de un rodeo de hembras Brangus 3\/8 cruzadas con toros Brangus 3\/8, Brahman y Angus y hembras Brahman, cruzadas con toros Brahman. El trabajo fue llevado a cabo en una estancia ubicada en el centro?norte de la Provincia de Corrientes. Se tomó el peso al nacer, ganancia diaria de peso vivo y peso ajustado a los 210 días. Los datos se analizaron estadísticamente y se expresaron en gráficos.  Estadísticamente no se hallaron diferencias significativas, aunque entre los grupos hubo contrastes en la cantidad de kg de ternero destetado.","palabras_clave":"ternero|cruzamientos|razas sintéticas|ganancia de peso"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3249,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Flower bud initiation in southern highbush blueberry cv. O?Neal occurs twice per season in temperate to warm-temperate conditions","resumen":"A","palabras_clave":"Flower|Bud|Blueberry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3250,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of the product granulometry, temperature and mass flow of an industrial multichamber fluidized bed urea granulator operating at unsteady state conditions","resumen":"In this work, a complete dynamic model of a continuous industrial fluidized bed granulator for urea production is presented. Three growth and three cooling chambers in series are simulated. Mass, energy and momentum balances are solved for all the fluidized beds together with the population balance equation (PBE). Since each granulator chamber can be modelled as a continuous stirred tank (CST), the multichamber granulator is represented by a series of CSTs.Applying the developed model, the open-loop behaviour of the product granulometry is particularly investigated. With this aim, and to further develop efficient control strategies, different step disturbances are assayed. Based on the results of the performed sensitivity study, it can be concluded that the log-normal distribution function gives an appropriate description of the PSD in each chamber, the granulometry response times control the dynamics of the complete granulation circuit, the seeds´ PSD is the variable that most affect the outlet particle size distribution, and that mild recycle ratio values are adequate to stabilize the granulator operation.","palabras_clave":"Granulation|Fluidized Bed|Granulator|Dynamics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3311,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of contrasting availabilities of water and nutrients on the radiation use efficiency in C3 and C4 grasses","resumen":"The radiation use efficiency (RUE) model is one of the most used tools to generate large spatial and temporal scale net primary productivity (NPP) estimations by remote sensing. It involves two key issues to make accurate estimations of NPP: the estimation of the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intercepted by vegetation (fPAR) and the estimation of the plant RUE. The objectives of this work were to quantify the above-ground RUE under optimal water and nutrient conditions in two C3 and one C4 grass species and to analyse the effect of restrictions in these factors upon RUE by comparing both metabolic pathways. Grasses were cultivated from seeds and four treatments combining contrasting availabilities of water and nutrients were applied. RUE values were calculated from measurements of the incoming PAR, fPAR and productivity. In each of the species, plants with sufficient water and nutrients showed the highest RUE (2.61\u20133.52 g MJ-1), whereas those with deficiencies in both resources presented the lowest RUE (1.15\u20132.39 g MJ-1). Cynodon dactylon (C4) was the species with higher value of RUE and no significant differences were detected between treatments. However, no significant differences were detected between C. dactylon and D. glomerata under no stress treatment (N1W1) and between C. dactylon and L. perenne under water stress treatment (N1W0). RUE values of Dactylis glomerata (C3) diminished if only one of the two stress factors was presented, while Lolium perenne (C3) only when both stress factors were present.The decreases under stress treatments were between 35% and 60% compared with the no stress treatment. When regional NPP is estimated it is therefore important to take into account the decrease in the RUE, especially in areas under severe stress.","palabras_clave":"GRASSLAND|LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY|PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY|REMOTE SENSING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3314,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La expresión de emociones en las Pictures de Facial Affect: Indices de reconocimiento en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios","resumen":"Las emociones constituyen un tópico de estudio reciente en Psicología, desarrollándose numerosas teorías en su abordaje. Una de las más influyentes es la propuesta por Ekman, que ha desarrollado las Fotografías de Afectos Faciales (POFA), las que son frecuentemente utilizadas por las investigaciones que abordan la expresión de emociones faciales.   Sin embargo, no se han realizado estudios estadísticos que validen la decisión que fotografía incluir en la prueba y cada investigación toma aquella que a su criterio mejor representa las emociones básicas.   Así, el objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar las fotografías del POFA con mayor índice de reconocimiento y discriminación luego de administrar a estudiantes universitarios una presentación construida con las mismas.  Los resultados muestran que para alegría y sorpresa se alcanzan altos porcentajes de reconocimiento. Para miedo, ira, tristeza y asco, los porcentajes son menores. Algunas fotografías deben descartarse a la hora de planificar una prueba de reconocimiento de emociones de acuerdo a los índices de discriminación obtenidos.  Considerando el presente estudio, las futuras investigaciones sobre reconocimiento de emociones, pueden enriquecerse a la hora de la elección de las diferentes fotografías, ya que de esta manera los investigadores se estarán asegurando las mejores fotografías que expresan alguna de las emociones básicas.","palabras_clave":"Emociones|Ekman|Índices de Reconocimiento|POFA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3316,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immune thrombocytopenia with antiphospholipid antibodies in monozygotic twins.","resumen":"We describe monozygotic twins with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) associated to antiphospholipid antibodies with a dissimilar clinical expression. The first patient was diagnosed to have ITP at 63 years old and was treated with corticosteroids. She presented ulterior exacerbations of thrombocytopenia requiring intravenous immunoglobulin and subsequent treatment with rituximab. She ultimately had a favorable response without thrombotic events during follow-up. The second patient who had a history of three spontaneous abortions and endometrial adenocarcinoma in complete remission was evaluated for severe thrombocytopenia, ITP was diagnosed at the age of 63. She was treated with steroids and had a favorable response. After few months she developed deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism requiring anticoagulation therapy without hemorrhagic events. Both patients were found to have antiphospholipid antibodies and HLA DR4 (DRB1*04) and HLA DR5 (DRB1*12). The association of those two entities in monozygotic twins could support the presence of common predisposing genes. However, with both patients being genotipically identical, the clinical expression was different. Those cases highlight the possibility that environmental factors may affect the expression of those disorders.","palabras_clave":"immune thrombocytopenia|antiphospholipid antibodies|monozygotic twins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3317,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nutraceutical properties and toxicity studies of fruits from four Cactaceae species grown in Argentine Northwestern","resumen":"Fruits are known as good sources of phytochemicals, essential to prevent degenerative diseases like cancer and cardiovascular diseases. They contain a variety of antioxidants, which are useful to scavenge radical oxygen species (ROS). Considering the importance of natural products as a functional food, comparative studies between the antioxidant activity (AOA) and antimutagenic properties as well as phytochemical profile of Cactaceae fruits (Lepismium lorentzianum, Lepismium lumbricoides, Rhipsalis floccosa, and Pfeiffera ianthothele) from Argentinean Yungas, were performed. Different assays were applied: ABTS radical scavenging capacity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation using &#946;-carotene-linoleate model system and mutagenicity\/antimutagenicity by Ames test. A pigment like betalain was detected in fruits of both Lepismium species; L. lorentzianum aqueous extracts showed a higher pigment content (60.6 mg BE\/100 g FM) thanL. lumbricoides (9.2 mg BE\/100 g FM). Fruit preparations of L. lorentzianum (aqueous and ethanolic extractions) showed significantly higher total phenolic compound and pigments content than the other berries. In all preparations, high antioxidant activity was demonstrated. Lepismium species were more active than Rhipsalis and Pfeiffera (SC50ABTS values between 1.3 and 4.5 &#956;g\/ml and IC50 &#946;-carotene-linoleate values between 9 and 45.8 &#956;g\/ml). A significant correlation between pigment and phenolic compounds content and AOA was observed. The preparations showed no sign of mutagenicity at tested concentrations (until 50 &#956;g\/plate). A significant antimutagenic effect was observed for L. lumbricoides, and a weak effect was shown for P. ianthothele and R. floccosa. Because of the diversity and abundance of bioactive phytochemicals found in these species, food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications could be proposed.","palabras_clave":"Phenolic compounds |Betalains |Nutraceutical activities |Argentine Cactaceae fruits"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3318,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genotoxic evaluation of a methanolic extract of Verbascum thapsus using micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow","resumen":"Verbascum thapsus L. is a medicinal plant and has been used to treat numerous pulmonary diseases, asthma, inflammatory disease, spasmodic coughs and migraine headaches. Several studies have demonstrated that different extracts of V. thapsus present antimicrobial activity. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of a methanolic extract of Verbascum thapsus, using micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow. No toxicity in bone marrow was detected in the extract-treated groups. The methanolic extract of V. thapsus at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg \/ kg, did not produce a significant increase in the frequency of MNPCE in bone marrow and neither altered the relationship PCE \/ NCE respect to negative control. These cytogenotoxic findings contribute the preclinical knowledge of methanolic extract of V. thapsus and provide security in its use as herbal medicine.","palabras_clave":"Verbascum thapsus L.,|micronucleus|bone marrow,|genotoxicity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3319,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Breakup excitation function at backward angles from alpha spectra in the 6Li+ 144Sm system","resumen":"Nuclear Physics A 849, 1 (2011)  \/\/\/  Breakup cross sections were obtained for the 6Li + 144Sm system at energies above and below the Coulomb barrier from a detailed analysis of the data recorded at backward angles. These cross sections are compared with inelastic target excitations previously reported revealing a similar behavior as a function of the bombarding energy but a large absolute difference between them. Using kinematical considerationswe have analyzed possible contributions from different breakup channels and we have extracted information on magnitudes such as the relative kinetic energies of the corresponding breakup fragments.","palabras_clave":"NUCLEAR REACTIONS|deduced breakup"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3320,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of agriculture expansion and intensification on the vertebrate and invertebrate diversity in the Pampas of Argentina","resumen":"In this paper we summarize for the first time the effects of agricultureexpansion and intensification on animal diversity in the Pampas of Argentina and discuss research needs for biodiversity conservation in the area. The Pampas experienced little human intervention until the last decades of the 19th century. Agriculture expanded quickly during the 20th century, transforming grasslands into cropland and pasture landsand converting the landscape into a mosaic of natural fragments, agricultural fields, and linear habitats. In the 1980s, agriculture intensification and replacement of cattle grazingcropping systems by continuous cropping promoted a renewed homogenisation of the mostproductive areas. Birds and carnivores were more strongly affected than rodents andinsects, but responses varied within groups: (a) the geographic ranges and\/or abundances of many native species were reduced, including those of carnivores, herbivores, and specialist species (grassland-adapted birds and rodents, and probably specialized pollinators), sometimes leading to regional extinction (birds and large carnivores), (b) other nativespecies were unaffected (birds) or benefited (bird, rodent and possibly generalist pollinator and crop-associated insect species), (c) novel species were introduced, thus increasing species richness of most groups (26% of non-rodent mammals, 11.1% of rodents, 6.2% of birds, 0.8% of pollinators). Much taxonomic and ecological work is still needed tounderstand Pampean animal biodiversity, to understand how agriculturization is affecting it, and to identify appropriate conservation actions. Networks of Important Bird Areas andValuable Grassland Areas harbor a balanced representation of Pampean biodiversity and, if adequately protected, may provide valuable research sites, but complementary work should be carried out on agriculturized areas.","palabras_clave":"GRASSLAND|VERTEBRATES|POLLINATORS|INSECTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3321,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A New Strategy for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Control With Community Participation Using a New Fumigant Formulation","resumen":"ABSTRACT Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever are mosquito-borne viral diseases that  coincide with the distribution of Aedes aegypti (L.), the primary vector in the tropical and  semitropical world. With no available vaccine, controlling the dengue vector is essential to avoid  epidemics. This study evaluates the efÞcacy of a new smoke-generating formulation containing  pyriproxyfen and permethrin in Puerto Libertad, Misiones, Argentina. A fumigant tablet (FT) was  applied inside the houses by the community members and compared with a professional application.  A treatment combining the application of fumigant tablets indoors and ultralow volume  fumigation outdoors was also assessed. The community perceptions and practices about dengue  disease and the acceptance of this new nonprofessional FT were evaluated through surveys.  Results show 90% adult emergence inhibition and 100% adult mortality with these treatments.  More than 80% of the residents applied the FT and preferred participating in a vector control  program by using a nonprofessional mosquito control tool, instead of attending meetings and  workshops promoting cultural changes.","palabras_clave":"COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION|AEDES AEGYPTI|FUMIGANT TABLET|VECTOR CONTROL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3322,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microfluidic enzymatic biosensor with immobilized tyrosinase for the electrochemical detection of pipemidic acid in pharmaceutical samples","resumen":"The present article describes the development of a microfluidic-enzymatic sensor with electrochemical detection for the quantification of pipemidic acid (PA), which is a synthetic quinolone used as antibacterial agent. This property of the quinolones is associated with their potential to inhibit topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) of bacteria. PA detection in pharmaceutical samples was based in the use of tyrosinase enzyme [EC 1.14.18.1] that was immobilized on 3-aminopropyl-modified-controlled-pore glass (APCPG) packet in a central channel (CC) of the microfluidic-enzymatic device. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of catechol to o-benzoquinone, whose back electrochemical reduction was detected at gold electrode surface at 0 V vs. Ag\/AgCl. Thus, when PA was added to the solution, this piperazine-containing compound participates in a Michael addition reaction with o-benzoquinone to form the corresponding amino-quinone derivative, as result of this interaction the peak current obtained for o-benzoquinone reduction decreased proportionally to the increase of the PA concentration. The recovery of PA from four samples ranged from 97.50% to 102.50%. This method could be used to determine the PA concentration in the range 0.02?70 lM (r = 0.998) with a limit of detection of 18 nM. This method was successfully applied for the analysis of PA in pharmaceutical formulations.","palabras_clave":"Microfluidic|Enzymatic sensor|Pipemidic acid|Gold electrode"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3323,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hypo- and hyperthyroidism affect NEI concentration in discrete brain areas of adult male rats","resumen":"To date, there has been only one in vitro study of the relationship between neuropeptide EI (NEI) and thehypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid (HPT) axis. To investigate the possible relationship between NEI and theHPT axis, we developed a rat model of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism that allows us to determinewhether NEI content is altered in selected brain areas after treatment, as well as whether such alterationsare related to the time of day. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, induced in male rats, with 6-propyl-1-thiouracil and l-thyroxine, respectively, were confirmed by determination of triiodothyronine, totalthyroxine, and thyrotropin levels. All groups were studied at the morning and the afternoon. In rats withhypothyroidism, NEI concentration, evaluated on postinduction days 7 and 24, was unchanged or slightlyelevated on day 7 but was decreased on day 24. In rats with hyperthyroidism, NEI content, which wasevaluated after 4 days of l-thyroxine administration, was slightly elevated, principally in the preopticarea in the morning and in the median eminence-arcuate nucleus and pineal gland in the afternoon, themorning and afternoon NEI contents being similar in the controls. These results provide the bases topursue the study of the interaction between NEI and the HPT axis.l-thyroxine, respectively, were confirmed by determination of triiodothyronine, totalthyroxine, and thyrotropin levels. All groups were studied at the morning and the afternoon. In rats withhypothyroidism, NEI concentration, evaluated on postinduction days 7 and 24, was unchanged or slightlyelevated on day 7 but was decreased on day 24. In rats with hyperthyroidism, NEI content, which wasevaluated after 4 days of l-thyroxine administration, was slightly elevated, principally in the preopticarea in the morning and in the median eminence-arcuate nucleus and pineal gland in the afternoon, themorning and afternoon NEI contents being similar in the controls. These results provide the bases topursue the study of the interaction between NEI and the HPT axis.l-thyroxine administration, was slightly elevated, principally in the preopticarea in the morning and in the median eminence-arcuate nucleus and pineal gland in the afternoon, themorning and afternoon NEI contents being similar in the controls. These results provide the bases topursue the study of the interaction between NEI and the HPT axis.","palabras_clave":"Neuropeptide glutamic|acid-isoleucine-amide (NEI)|Brain areas|Hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid (HPT) axis|Hypothyroidism|Hyperthyroidism|Adult male rat"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3324,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?Ser planta en el desierto: estrategias de uso de agua y resistencia al estrés hídrico en el Monte Central de Argentina?.","resumen":"La diversidad y la productividad de las zonas áridas dependen de la interacción entrelas limitaciones ambientales que presenta cada región en particular y el complejo de adaptacionesdesarrolladas por los organismos que les permiten mantener el balance de agua y energía térmicadentro de límites viables. El Monte Central se encuentra en la zona árida-semiárida del oesteargentino, con precipitaciones anuales medias que varían entre 30 y 350 mm concentradas en elverano, temperaturas medias entre 15 y 18 ºC, y un marcado déficit hídrico durante la mayorparte del año. En este trabajo analizamos las adaptaciones al estrés hídrico y las estrategias deutilización del agua que presentan las formas de vida vegetales dominantes en el Monte Central:árboles, arbustos y pastos perennes. Los árboles y arbustos del Monte incluyen especies con distintogrado de xerofitismo. Sus adaptaciones abarcan desde la capacidad de acceder a reservorios deagua profundos a través del desarrollo de extensos sistemas radicales, hasta diversas estrategiasfisiológicas, morfológicas y arquitecturales de tolerancia a la sequía y la salinidad. Prosopis flexuosa,especie arbórea freatofita, cumple roles ecológicos centrales en las comunidades que domina, influyeen el ciclo hidrológico, y es un recurso económico relevante tanto a nivel local como regional.Los pastos, de sistemas radicales más superficiales que árboles y arbustos, presentan pulsos decrecimiento acoplados a las precipitaciones. Las distintas formas de utilización del agua de lasformas de vida dominantes determinan complejos de interacciones, positivas y negativas, entre lasespecies que regulan la productividad del sistema y, consecuentemente, el potencial productivo.La vegetación y el ciclo hidrológico están altamente acoplados en los ecosistemas del Monte, tantoa escala local como regional (en muchos casos acoplados al acuífero freático) por lo que conocerfuncionalmente este vínculo contribuye a entender su funcionamiento y a predecir escenariosfuturos en relación al cambio climático global y cambios en el uso de la tierra.","palabras_clave":"USO DEL AGUA|XEROMORFISMO|FREATÓFITAS|ESTRÉS HÍDRICO|ADAPTACIONES|RAÍCES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3325,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Biotecnología para el desarrollo y sostenibilidad  agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino","resumen":"En 1994 se conformó un grupo de investigación científica y desarrollo tecnológico guiado por la demanda del sector agroindustrial de la región del noroeste argentino, que además de las consideraciones económicas intrínsecas del proceso productivo, tuvo en cuenta para sus investigaciones, aspectos sociales y ambientales. Las premisas conceptuales del trabajo científico fueron el estudio, la preservación y el aprovechamiento de la biodiversidad, en conjunción con la búsqueda continua de alternativas de manejo fitosanitario lo menos reñidas posible con la salud humana y ambiental. Fue así que en 1997 se inició el primer Programa Nacional de Mejoramiento Genético de la Frutilla en Argentina, que desde el INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT) en Tucumán coordinó el trabajo de grupos en otras instituciones. A partir del año 2002 mediante un convenio entre el INSIBIO y la Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), se fundó la Sección Biotecnología de la EEAOC- Unidad Asociada al INSIBIO, con el principal objetivo de desarrollar y adaptar tecnologías para apoyar programas institucionales preexistentes, tendientes a incrementar la productividad con mayor sostenibilidad en las agroindustrias sucro-alcoholera, sojera, y citrícola. Sin embargo, lo más importante es que se constituyó un equipo científico y tecnológico que trabaja en forma articulada con otros grupos de filiación diversa, pero que tienen el objetivo común de mejorar los procesos productivos en la actividad agroindustrial, para contribuir a generar sociedades más justas y solidarias, no sólo en el presente sino para las futuras generaciones. ","palabras_clave":"bioproductos|caña de azúcar|citrus|cultivo de tejidos y micropropagación|frutilla|marcadores moleculares|mejoramiento genético molecular|soja|transformación de plantas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3326,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pneumonia in broiler chicken flocks associated with &#946;-hemolytic Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection","resumen":"Broiler chickens aged 40 and 46-days-old from two neighboring flocks belonging to a commercial broiler complex, presenting facial edema, severe respiratory signs and 10% mortality were analyzed. Pneumonic lesions and opaque thoracic and abdominal air sacs with foamy exudate were seen at postmortem examination. Histopathology of lungs showed fibrinoheterophilic pneumonia in both cases. Small pin point colonies with extensive &#946;-hemolytic activity were isolated from tracheal and lung tissue samples and identified as Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results of lung histopathology, bacteriological isolation and PCR identification confirmed the diagnosis of pneumonia caused by &#946;-hemolytic O. rhinotracheale infection in both broiler chicken flocks. This paper appears to be the first report of &#946;-hemolytic O. rhinotracheale field isolates obtained from broiler chickens associated with severe respiratory signs and pneumonia.","palabras_clave":"Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale|&#946;-hemolysis|pneumonia|broiler chickens"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3327,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Primer registro de la garza azul (Egretta caerulea) en los Bañados de Figueroa, un AICA de Santiago del Estero, Argentina","resumen":"?First record of the Blue Heron (Egretta caerulea) in the Bañados de  Figueroa, an Important Bird Area of Santiago del Estero, Argentina?. In this study, we describe the first record of the Blue Heron Egretta caerulea in the Bañados de Figueroa, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. This species ranges from central North America to South America. An adult of this species was observed for the first time in swamps near the Cuchi Pozo Dam, Bandera Bajada, along with many Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula). The Bañados de Figueroa constitute an extensive area of natural wetlands and regionally important dams located along the Salado River in the northwest of the province of Santiago del Estero. These wetlands are recognized as an Important Bird Area (IBA) for conservation. However, they are currently affected by dam construction activities. This report along with others suggest that the species may be expanding within Argentina. Our work is part of a larger research effort which seeks to enhance the importance of artificial and natural wetlands of northwestern Argentina and represents the first systematic ornithological study of the area.","palabras_clave":"GARZA AZUL|EGRETTA CAERULEA|BAÑADOS DE FIGUEROA|HUMEDALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3328,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation of a strawberry gene fragment encodinga an actin depolymerizing factor (adf)-like protein from genotypes resistant to Colletotrichum acutatum","resumen":"Actin depolymerizing factors (ADF) have been recently implicated in plant defense against pathogenic fungi, associated with the cytoskeletal rearrangements that contribute to establish an effective barrier against fungal ingress. In this work we identified a DNA fragment corresponding to a part of a gene predicted to encode an ADF-like protein in genotypes of Fragaria ananassa resistant to the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum. Bulked segregant analysis combined with AFLP was used to identify polymorphisms linked to resistance in hybrids derived from the cross between the resistant cultivar \u2018Sweet Charlie\u2019 and the susceptible cultivar \u2018Pájaro\u2019. The sequence of one out of three polymorphic bands detected showed significant BLASTX hits to ADF proteins from other plants. Two possible exons were identified and bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of the ADF-H domain with two actin-binding sites, an N-terminal phosphorylation site and a nuclear localization signal. Besides its possible application in strawberry breeding programs, these finding may contribute to investigate the role of ADF in plant resistance against fungi.","palabras_clave":"Actin depolymerizing factor |anthracnose|resistance in strawberry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3345,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Resultado económico esperado de la agricultura, campaña agrícola 2011\/2012. Informe económico para el productor II: Departamento Río Segundo, Córdoba incorporando Balance de Nutrientes. (Julio 2011).","resumen":"Resultado económico esperado de la agricultura, campaña agrícola 2014\/2015. Informe económico para el productor I: Departamento Tercero Arriba, Córdoba","palabras_clave":"MÁRGENES|RENTABILIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3369,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Flora del Valle de Lerma: Asphodelaceae","resumen":"Cactaceae:Plantas perennes, terrestres, epífitas o trepadoras, generalmente con tallos gruesos y carnosos, verdes; columnares, globulares o comprimidos, articulados o no. Aréolas distribuidas en espiral, con espinas, tomento lanoso y en algunos casos gloquidios (Opuntioideae); hojas ausentes o muy reducidas, rara vez grandes, de lámina bien desarrollada. Flores perfectas, con tépalos y estambres dispuestos espiraladamente; actinomorfas, más raro zigomorfas por curvatura del tubo floral; rotáceas, acampanadas, infundibuliformes, hipocraterimorfas o tubulosas; solitarias y sésiles, excepcionalmente en racimos y pedunculadas. Receptáculo ± desarrollado, cubriendo el ovario (pericarpelo) y a veces prolongado en un tubo floral. Tépalos externos sepaloides, internos petaloides. Ovario casi siempre ínfero, unilocular, con numerosos óvulos anátropos, de placentación parietal. Androceo con una o dos series de estambres, fijos en la superficie interna del tubo floral, filamentos largos y anteras de dehiscencia longitudinal. Estilo simple, cilíndrico o claviforme, fistuloso; estigma plurilobulado, papiloso. Frutos carnosos (bayas) o secos, dehiscentes o no, (cápsula)  frecuentemente umbilicados, con  aréolas  normales hasta muy simplificadas. Semillas con perisperma abundante o no; endosperma ausente o escaso; embrión generalmente curvo, con dos cotiledones, casi siempre muy reducidos.Familia americana, con unos 200 géneros y 2000 especies; típicas de regiones áridas, pero también representadas en selvas tropicales y en zonas templado-húmedas. Las dos áreas de mayor densidad de especies se encuentran sobre los trópicos. En la República Argentina está representada por unos 37 géneros, con alrededor de 210 especies, distribuidas en casi todas las provincias fitogeográficas, siendo especialmente notables en el dominio chaqueño: provincias del Chaco, del Espinal, de la Prepuna y del Monte.","palabras_clave":"Valle de Lerma|Salta|Flora|Crassulaceae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3407,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dynamic hyperfine interactions in 111In(111Cd)-doped ZnO semiconductor: PAC results supported by ab initio calculations","resumen":"In this work, we present results of Time-Differential gamma-gamma Perturbed-Angular-Correlations (PAC) experiments performed in 111Cd-doped ZnO semiconductor. The PAC technique has been applied in order to characterize&nbsp; the electric-field-gradient (EFG) tensor at (111In (EC)) 111Cd nuclei located, as was later demonstrated, at defect-free cation sites of the ZnO host structure. The PAC experiments were performed in the temperature range 77 K-1075 K. At first glance, the unexpected presence of low-intensity dynamic hyperfine interactions was observed, which were analyzed with a perturbation factor based on the Bäverstam and Othaz model. The experimental EFG results were compared with ab initio calculations performed with the Full-Potential Augmented Plane Wave plus local orbital (FP-APW+lo) method, in the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT), using the Wien2K code. The presence of the dynamic hyperfine interactions has been analyzed enlighten by the FP-APW+lo calculations of the EFG performed as a function of the charge state of the cell. We could correlate the large strength of the dynamic hyperfine interaction with the strong variation of the EFG due to changes in the electronic charge distribution in the Cd vicinity during the time-window of the PAC measurement. It was also revealed that the Cd impurity decays to a final stable neutral charge state (Cd2+) fast enough (in few ns) to&nbsp; produce the nearly undamped observed PAC spectra. &nbsp;","palabras_clave":"ZnO|Semiconductor|EFG|Dynamic Hyperfine Interactions|PAC|ab initio calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3408,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Pierre Auger Observatory scaler mode for the study of solar activity modulation of galactic cosmic rays","resumen":"Since data-taking began in January 2004, the Pierre Auger Observatory has been recording the count rates of low energy secondary cosmic ray particles for the self-calibration of the ground detectors of its surface detector array. After correcting for atmospheric effects, mod- ulations of galactic cosmic rays due to solar activity and transient events are observed. Temporal variations related with the activity of the heliosphere can be determined with high accuracy due to the high total count rates. In this study, the available data are presented together with an analysis focused on the observation of Forbush decreases, where a strong correlation with neutron monitor data is found.","palabras_clave":"Cherenkov detectors|Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics|Particle detectors"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3409,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Estradiol increases the expression of TNF ALPHA; and TNF receptor 1 in lactotropes","resumen":"Background: Estrogens are recognized modulators of pituitary cell renewal, sensitizing cells to mitogenic and apoptotic signals. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in tissue homeostasis modulating cell proliferation, differentiation and death. We previously demonstrated that TNF-a-induced apoptosis of anterior pituitary cells from female rats is estrogen-dependent and predominant in cells from rats at proestrus when estradiol levels are the highest. Aims: Considering that one of the mechanisms involved in the apoptotic action of estrogens can result from increased expression of cytokines and\/or their receptors, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of estrogens on the expression of TNF-a&nbsp;and its receptor TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) in anterior pituitary cells. &nbsp;Methods\/ Results: TNFR1 expression, determined by Western blot, was higher in anterior pituitary glands from rats at proestrus than at diestrus. Incubation of anterior pituitary cells from ovariectomized rats with 17b-estradiol enhanced TNFR1 protein expression. As determined by double immunocytochemistry, the expression of TNF-a and TNFR1 was detected in prolactin-, GH-, LH- and ACTH-bearing cells. 17b-estradiol increased the percentage of TNF-a and TNFR1 immunoreactive lactotropes but did not modify the number of GH-bearing cells expressing TNF-a or TNFR1. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that estradiol increases the expression of TNF-a and TNFR1 in anterior pituitary cells, especially in lactotropes. The sensitizing action of estrogens to proapoptotic stimuli at proestrus in the anterior pituitary gland may involve changes in the expression of the TNF-a \/TNFR1 system. ","palabras_clave":"TNF-ALPHA|TNFR-1|ESTROGENS|PITUITARY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3410,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Massive Colored Scalars in Four-Jet Final States in sqrt (s) =7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"A search for pair-produced scalar particles decaying to a four-jet final state is presented. The analysis is performed using an integrated luminosity of 34 pb&#8722;1 recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2010. No deviation from the Standard Model is observed. For a scalar mass of 100 GeV (190 GeV) the limit on the scalar gluon pair production cross section at 95% confidence level is 1 nb (0.28 nb). When these results are interpreted as mass limits, scalar-gluons (hyperpions) with masses of 100 to 185 GeV (100 to 155 GeV) are excluded at 95% confidence level with the exception of a mass window of width about 5 GeV (15 GeV) around 140 GeV.","palabras_clave":"Colored scalars|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3411,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aspergillus oryzae alpha-amylase partition in potassium phosphate-polyethylene","resumen":"The aim of this work is to study the partitioning of alpha-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae in polyethylene&nbsp; glycol-potassium phosphate systems formed by polymers of different molecular masses with different&nbsp; total concentrations, several NaCl concentrations and different volume ratio between the phases and at&nbsp; different temperatures. The enzyme was partitioned towards the top phase in the 2000-molecular-mass&nbsp; polyethylene glycol systems and towards the bottom phase in the other systems analyzed with higher&nbsp; molecular mass. The protein\u2013medium interaction parameter (A) was determined; it increased in the same&nbsp; way as PEG molecular mass. The enthalpic and entropic changes found, in general, were negative and&nbsp; were shown to be associated by an entropic\u2013enthalpic compensation effect suggesting that the ordered&nbsp; water structure in the chain of polyetyleneglycol plays a role in protein partition. The recovery in each&nbsp; of the phases was calculated in order to choose the best systems to be applied to enzyme isolation either&nbsp; from a polymer-rich or a polymer-poor phase.&nbsp; Enzymatic activity, circular dichroism and fluorescence were studied for the protein alone and in the&nbsp;&nbsp; presence of the different phases of the aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) in order to understand how they affect the enzymatic structure and the role of the protein-polymer interaction in the partitioning&nbsp; process. Secondary structure is not affected, in general, by the presence of the phases that do affect the&nbsp; enzymatic activity; therefore, there should be a change in the tertiary structure in the enzyme active site.&nbsp; These changes are more important for PEG 8000 than for PEG 2000 systems according to the results of the&nbsp; quenching of the intrinsic fluorescence. In a bio-separation process, the A. oryzae alpha-amylase could&nbsp; be isolated with ATPSs PEG 2000\/Pi or PEG 8000\/Pi with a high recovery, in the top or bottom phases,&nbsp; respectively.Aspergillus oryzae in polyethylene&nbsp; glycol-potassium phosphate systems formed by polymers of different molecular masses with different&nbsp; total concentrations, several NaCl concentrations and different volume ratio between the phases and at&nbsp; different temperatures. The enzyme was partitioned towards the top phase in the 2000-molecular-mass&nbsp; polyethylene glycol systems and towards the bottom phase in the other systems analyzed with higher&nbsp; molecular mass. The protein\u2013medium interaction parameter (A) was determined; it increased in the same&nbsp; way as PEG molecular mass. The enthalpic and entropic changes found, in general, were negative and&nbsp; were shown to be associated by an entropic\u2013enthalpic compensation effect suggesting that the ordered&nbsp; water structure in the chain of polyetyleneglycol plays a role in protein partition. The recovery in each&nbsp; of the phases was calculated in order to choose the best systems to be applied to enzyme isolation either&nbsp; from a polymer-rich or a polymer-poor phase.&nbsp; Enzymatic activity, circular dichroism and fluorescence were studied for the protein alone and in the&nbsp;&nbsp; presence of the different phases of the aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) in order to understand how they affect the enzymatic structure and the role of the protein-polymer interaction in the partitioning&nbsp; process. Secondary structure is not affected, in general, by the presence of the phases that do affect the&nbsp; enzymatic activity; therefore, there should be a change in the tertiary structure in the enzyme active site.&nbsp; These changes are more important for PEG 8000 than for PEG 2000 systems according to the results of the&nbsp; quenching of the intrinsic fluorescence. In a bio-separation process, the A. oryzae alpha-amylase could&nbsp; be isolated with ATPSs PEG 2000\/Pi or PEG 8000\/Pi with a high recovery, in the top or bottom phases,&nbsp; respectively.","palabras_clave":"alpha-amylase|partition|aqueous two phase systems|protein purification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3412,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EFECTOS DE LA RAPAMICINA EN LOS PROCESOS DE SENESCENCIA Y AUTOFAGIA EN LINEAS CELULARES HUMANAS","resumen":"Tanto la autofagia como la senescencia celular son procesos que, en principio, evitan el desarrollo tumoral impidiendo la proliferación de células dañadas. Sin embargo, la autofagia no siempre lleva a la muerte celular, sino que puede ser un mecanismo de supervivencia en condiciones de estrés. En cuanto a la senescencia, si bien las células no proliferan, producen factores de crecimiento que contribuyen a la proliferación de células vecinas. La rapamicina es un conocido inmunosupresor utilizado en pacientes con transplantes de órganos, que inhibe la cascada de transducción de señal mTOR, principal vía que censa el estado energético y nutricional de la célula, permite la síntesis de proteínas e inhibe la autofagia cuando se encuentra activa. En este trabajo se investigó la acción de rapamicina sobre estos procesos y encontramos que a dosis bajas es capaz de inducir la senescencia de una línea celular normal y a dosis altas la autofagia en una línea celular transformada. También se determinó que el oncogén RAC3 es inhibitorio de la autofagia y su expresión es inhibida por rapamicina. Estos resultados constituyen un aporte al conocimiento de los mecanismos moleculares por los cuales este fármaco puede actuar, dado que actualmente se ha focalizado el interés en su aplicación a terapias anti-tumorales.","palabras_clave":"Rapamicina|Autofagía|senescencia|mTOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3413,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Wavelength-dispersive spectral analysis and quantification of monazites by electron-probe microanalysis","resumen":"The problem of determining the chemical composition of monazite grains through electron probe microanalysis is studied, by using a scanning electron microscope with a wavelength dispersive spectrometer. A careful qualitative analysis is performed with the purpose of determining all the elements present in the samples, the lines to be used in the quantifications trying to minimize interferences, the angular positions and the acquisition times for the measurement of peak and background intensities and the crystals to be used. Particular emphasis is devoted to the analysis of Th, U and Pb, which are used to determine the age of the rock by means of the U\u2013Th\u2013Pb method, commonly used in geochronology. Quantitative determinations of the chemical composition of monazite grains are performed, optimizing the experimental conditions on the basis of the qualitative analysis. The determinations were made under two different criteria of quantification of oxygen, and the dissimilar results obtained are discussed.","palabras_clave":"EPMA|Monazite|Mineral chemistry|Peak overlapping"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3414,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Effect of streptozotocin on reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes`s secretion in rat submandibulary glands: a direct and an indirect relationship between enzyme activation and expression..","resumen":"The salivary glands are important exocrine and endocrine organs, whose role in oral health is well recognized. Also these glands contribute to the maintenance of systemic health. During diabetes an impairment of salivary glands is reported. In this work the oxidative stress produced after 10 days of a single dose of streptozotocin administration in rats was observed in submandibulary glands. Under this condition a misbalance of the enzymes with antioxidant activity was observed in glands and in incubation medium, as well as in reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2\u2022&#8722;) and nitric oxide (NO). An increase of NO and H2O2 and a decrease of O2\u2022&#8722; were found. A direct relationship between peroxidase and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities with enzyme expression was recorded, in contrast an inverse relationship between superoxide dismutase activity and expression was observed. If the high level of H2O2 persists in time as well as a low level of peroxidase, oral pathologies are expected to occur. So, under this situation to study the modulation of enzymes involved in reactive oxygen species metabolism during oxidative stress in oral tissues could be very important in the managing of oral pathologies.","palabras_clave":"Submandibulary gland |Peroxidase |Superoxide dismutase |Streptozotocin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3415,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp.,  spatial clustering and patterns of shedding in dairy calves from Córdoba, Argentina","resumen":"The objectives of this study were to estimate calf and herd prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp., the herd prevalence clustering, spatial distribution according to soil type and shedding patterns in dairy calves from Cordoba, Argentina. Six hundred twenty calves younger than 7 weeks of age from 43 dairy herds were sampled. Samples were processed with the formol-ether and modified Ziehl-Neelsen techniques. Univariate analysis and Kruskall-Wallis tests were used. Factors associated were subjected to multivariate analysis with calf shedding intensity as the response variable. Clustering of herd prevalence was assessed by a scan method, and spatial analysis was applied to explore the overlapping of high prevalence herds and soil type. Overall calf prevalence for Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts were 19.35% (95% CI: 16.14; 22.54) and 34.50% (95% CI: 30.69; 38.34), respectively. Calves younger than two weeks of age were almost four times more likely to be infected with Cryptosporidium, in comparison to older ones (RR: 3.78, 95% CI: 2.27; 6.26). Giardia spp. shedding showed a similar age pattern (RR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02; 1.75). A primary cluster of high Cryptosporidium prevalence was found, and high prevalence herds were located in areas with poor drained soil.","palabras_clave":"CRYPTOSPORIDIUM|GIARDIA|DAIRY CALVES|CLUSTERING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3416,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Determination of thermodynamic parameters of tautomerization  in gas phase by mass spectrometry and dft calculations. Keto-enol versus nitrile-ketenimine equilibria","resumen":"The study of tautomerics equilibria is really important because the reactivity of each compound with tautomeric capacity can be determined from the proportion of each tautomer. In the present work the tautomeric equilibria in some beta-hydroxynitriles-gamma,delta-unsaturated  and beta-ketonitriles-gamma,delta-unsaturated were studied. The first family of compounds presents two possible theoretical tautomers, nitrile and ketenimine, while the second one presents four possible theoretical tautomers, keto-nitrile, enol (E and Z)-nitrile and keto-ketenimine.  The equilibrium in gas phase was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Tautomerization enthalpies were calculated by this methodology, and results were compared with those obtained by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, observing a good agreement between them. Nitrile tautomers were favoured within the first family of compounds, while keto-nitrile tautomers were favoured in the second family.","palabras_clave":"Tautomerism|beta-Hydroxynitriles-gama,delta-unsaturated|Mass spectrometry|DFT calculation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3417,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efficiency of Sperm-Mediated Gene Transfer in the Ovine by Laparoscopic Insemination, In Vitro Fertilization and ICSI","resumen":"Transgenesis constitutes an important tool for pharmacological protein   production and livestock improvement. We evaluated the potential of   laparoscopic insemination (LI), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and   intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to produce egfp-expressing ovine   embryos, using spermatozoa previously exposed to pCX-EGFP plasmid in   two different sperm\/DNA incubation treatments: 'Long Incubation' (2 h at   17 C) and 'Short Incubation' (5 min at 5 C). For LI, Merino sheep were   superovulated and inseminated with treated fresh semen from Merino rams.   The embryos were recovered by flushing the uterine horns. For IVF and   ICSI, slaughterhouse oocytes were fertilized with DNA-treated   frozen\/thawed sperm. All recovered embryos were exposed to blue light   (488 nm) to determine green fluorescent morulae and blastocysts rates.   High cleavage and morulae\/blastocysts rates accompanied the LI and IVF   procedures, but no egfp-expressing embryos resulted. In contrast,   regardless of the sperm\/plasmid incubation treatment, egfp-expressing   morulae and blastocysts were always obtained by ICSI, and the highest   transgenesis rate (91.6%) was achieved with Short Incubation. In   addition, following the incubation of labeled plasmid DNA, after Long or   Short exposure treatments, with fresh or frozen\/thawed spermatozoa,   only non-motile fresh spermatozoa could maintain an attached plasmid   after washing procedures. No amplification product could be detected   following PCR treatment of LI embryos whose zonae pellucidae (ZP) had   been removed. In order to establish conditions for transgenic ICSI in   the ovine, we compared three different activation treatments, and over   60% of the obtained blastocysts expressed the transgene. For ICSI   embryos, FISH analysis found possible signals compatible with   integration events. In conclusion, our results show that in the ovine,   under the conditions studied, ICSI is the only method capable of   producing exogenous gene-expressing embryos using spermatozoa as vectors","palabras_clave":"GENETIC MODIFICATION|PLASMID VECTORS|CHEMICAL ACTIVATION|SHEEP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3418,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Benznidazole Therapy Modulates Interferon-&#947; and M2 Muscarinic Receptor Autoantibody Responses in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Children","resumen":"Objective: the presence of autoantibodies with adrenergic and cholinergic activity, capable of triggering neurotransmitter receptor-mediated effects, has been associated to pathogenesis in T. cruzi-infected hosts. The goal of this study was to investigate the production of anti-M2 muscarinic receptor autoantibodies (Anti-M2R AAbs) as well as the IFN-&#947; profile in children at the early stage of Chagas disease, and to examine whether trypanocidal chemotherapy with benznidazole (BZ) could modify both response patterns. Methods: this study comprised 30 T. cruzi-infected children (mean age:13.8 years) and 19 uninfected controls (mean age: 12.7 years). Infected patients were treated with BZ and followed-up. Blood samples collected at diagnosis-T0, end of treatment-T1, and six months later-T2, were analysed by ELISA for detection of Anti-M2R AAbs and circulating levels of IFN-&#947;. Results: at T0, anti-M2R AAbs were demonstrated in 56.7 % of T. cruzi-infected patients, whereas uninfected controls were 100% negative. The average age of Anti-M2R AAbs+ patients was higher than that from negative population. Infected children also displayed significantly stronger serum IFN-&#947; responses than controls. Upon BZ treatment, a significant linear decreasing trend in Anti-M2R AAb reactivity was recorded throughout the follow-up, with 29.7-88.1 % decrease at T2. IFN-&#947; circulating levels also declined by T2. Conclusion: Anti-M2R AAbs and IFN-&#947; raise early during chagasic infection in children and are downmodulated by BZ therapy. These findings reinforce the usefulness of early BZ treatment not only to eliminate the parasite but also to reduce potentially pathogenic immune responses.","palabras_clave":"Chagas disease|Interferon-gamma|autoantibodies"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3419,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genome sequence of Sphingomonas sp. S17 isolated from an alkaline, hyperarsenic and hypersaline volcanic associated lake near 4000 meters above sea level in the Argentinean Puna","resumen":"    The High-Altitude Andean Lakes (HAAL) in the Argentinian Puna-High Andes region represent an almost unexplored ecosystem exposed to extreme conditions (high UV irradiation, hypersalinity, drastic temperature changes, desiccation, high pH). Here we present the first genome sequence isolated from this extreme environment, a Sphingomonas sp.","palabras_clave":"The genome sequence|Extreme environments|Sphingomonas sp."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3421,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Composition and toxic, repellent and feeding deterrent activity of essential oils against the stored-grain pests Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)","resumen":"  &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText  \t{margin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent  \t{mso-style-parent:'Texto independiente';  \tmargin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \ttext-indent:10.5pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;          &amp;lt;!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  h1  \t{mso-style-next:Normal;  \tmargin-top:12.0pt;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:3.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tpage-break-after:avoid;  \tmso-outline-level:1;  \tfont-size:16.0pt;  \tfont-family:Arial;  \tmso-font-kerning:16.0pt;}  p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText  \t{margin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent  \t{mso-style-parent:'Texto independiente';  \tmargin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \ttext-indent:10.5pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;gt;          &amp;lt;!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText  \t{margin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent  \t{mso-style-parent:'Texto independiente';  \tmargin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \ttext-indent:10.5pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;gt;  &lt;!-- \/* Style Definitions *\/ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\t{mso-style-parent:'';\tmargin:0cm;\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\tfont-size:12.0pt;\tfont-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText\t{margin-top:0cm;\tmargin-right:0cm;\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\tmargin-left:0cm;\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\tfont-size:12.0pt;\tfont-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent\t{mso-style-parent:'Texto independiente';\tmargin-top:0cm;\tmargin-right:0cm;\tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;\tmargin-left:0cm;\ttext-indent:10.5pt;\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\tfont-size:12.0pt;\tfont-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}@page Section1\t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;\tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;\tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;\tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;\tmso-paper-source:0;}div.Section1\t{page:Section1;}--&gt;BACKGROUND:The composition and bioactivity of essential oils from Tagetes terniflora,Cymbopogon citratus and Elyonorus muticus were evaluated against stored grainpests.RESULTS: Fumigant and contact toxicity were observed with T. ternifloraon adults of both pests. In contact toxicity this oil was less toxic to T.castaneum. Essential oils from C. citratus and E. muticus showed contacttoxicity on S. oryzae.&nbsp; All essentialoils produced: a) repellency on larvae and adults of T. castaneum and adults ofS. Oryzae, b) post-ingestive toxicity on T. castaneum larvae and S. oryzaeadults and alteration on nutritional index on T. castaneum and S. oryzaeadults. C. citratus reduced the relative growth rate and the efficiency ofconversion of ingested food on T. castaneum larvae. T. terniflora producedfeeding stimulant effect on T. castaneum adults. Beside they had feedingdeterrent action against S. oryzae adults. The composition of essential oilsfrom C. citratus and E. muticus varied only in one component.CONCLUSION: These results showedthat the essentials oils from T. terniflora, C. citratus and E. muticus should be studied further fortheir use on integrated pest management programs for T. castaneum and S. oryzaecontrol.                     ","palabras_clave":"TAGETES TERNIFLORA|CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS|ELYONORUS MUTICUS|BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES|TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM|SITOPHILUS ORYZAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3422,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hyperthermia inhibits platelet haemostatic functions and selectively  regulates the release of alpha-granule proteins.","resumen":"Summary. Background: Hyperthermia is one of the main disturbances of homeostasis occurring during sepsis or hypermetabolic states such as cancer. Platelets are important mediators of the inflammation that accompanies these processes, but very little is known about the changes in platelet function that occur at different temperatures. Objectives: To explore the effect of higher temperatures on platelet physiology. Methods: Platelet responses including adhesion, spreading(fluorescence microscopy), aIIbb3 activation (flow cytometry), aggregation (turbidimetry), ATPrelease (luminescence), thromboxaneA2 generation, alpha-granule protein secretion (ELISA)and protein phosphorylation from different signaling pathways (immunoblotting) were studied. Results: Preincubation of platelets at temperatures higher than 37 C (38.5\u201342 C) inhibited thrombin-induced hemostasis, including platelet adhesion, aggregation, ATP release and thromboxane A2 generation. The expression of P-selectin and CD63, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release, was completely inhibited by hyperthermia, whereas von Willebrand factor (VWF) and endostatin levels remained substantially increased at high temperatures. This suggested that release of proteins from platelet granules is modulated not only by classical platelet agonists but also by microenvironmental factors. The observed gradation of response involved not only antiangiogenesis regulators, but also other cargo proteins. Some signaling pathwaysweremore stable than others. While ERK1\/2 and AKT phosphorylation were resistant to changes in temperature, Src, Syk, p38 phosphorylation and IkappaB degradation were decreased in a temperature-dependent fashion. Conclusions: Higher temperatures, such as those observed with fever or tissue invasion, inhibit the hemostatic functions of platelets and selectively regulate the release of alpha-granule proteins.","palabras_clave":"HYPERTHERMIA|PLATELETS|GRANULES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3475,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Cultivo de arándano: actividad comercial en la Argentina y Tucumán (2010-2011). Gastos de producción estimados en Tucumán, campaña 2011","resumen":"Análisis de indicadores económicos y gastos de producción del cultivo de arándano en Tucumán","palabras_clave":"ESTADÍSTICAS|GASTOS|PRODUCCIÓN|ARANDANO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3483,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating in Three Cultures: Argentina, Brazil, and the U.S.","resumen":"Body dissatisfaction and associated attitudes werestudied in 18\u201324 years old women from universities inRosario, Santa Fe, Argentina (N0118), João Pessoa, Paraíba,Brazil (N081), and mid-Atlantic U.S. (N0102). Based onanecdotal reports, theoretical concerns, and empirical studies,we expected greater body dissatisfaction and negative bodyattitudes in our Argentine and Brazilian samples than in theU.S. sample. Body dissatisfaction was a significant probleminall samples, but we found few differences in levels of bodydissatisfaction. The Argentine and Brazilian samples scoredlower than the U.S. sample on measures associated withdisordered eating, experienced less pressure to be thin, andwere less likely to internalize the thin body ideal. Body shamewas highest in the Brazilian sample and lowest in the Argentinesample. Cultural features in Argentina and Brazil that mayoffer some level of protection against the thin body ideal werediscussed.\u201324 years old women from universities inRosario, Santa Fe, Argentina (N0118), João Pessoa, Paraíba,Brazil (N081), and mid-Atlantic U.S. (N0102). Based onanecdotal reports, theoretical concerns, and empirical studies,we expected greater body dissatisfaction and negative bodyattitudes in our Argentine and Brazilian samples than in theU.S. sample. Body dissatisfaction was a significant probleminall samples, but we found few differences in levels of bodydissatisfaction. The Argentine and Brazilian samples scoredlower than the U.S. sample on measures associated withdisordered eating, experienced less pressure to be thin, andwere less likely to internalize the thin body ideal. Body shamewas highest in the Brazilian sample and lowest in the Argentinesample. Cultural features in Argentina and Brazil that mayoffer some level of protection against the thin body ideal werediscussed.N0118), João Pessoa, Paraíba,Brazil (N081), and mid-Atlantic U.S. (N0102). Based onanecdotal reports, theoretical concerns, and empirical studies,we expected greater body dissatisfaction and negative bodyattitudes in our Argentine and Brazilian samples than in theU.S. sample. Body dissatisfaction was a significant probleminall samples, but we found few differences in levels of bodydissatisfaction. The Argentine and Brazilian samples scoredlower than the U.S. sample on measures associated withdisordered eating, experienced less pressure to be thin, andwere less likely to internalize the thin body ideal. Body shamewas highest in the Brazilian sample and lowest in the Argentinesample. Cultural features in Argentina and Brazil that mayoffer some level of protection against the thin body ideal werediscussed.N081), and mid-Atlantic U.S. (N0102). Based onanecdotal reports, theoretical concerns, and empirical studies,we expected greater body dissatisfaction and negative bodyattitudes in our Argentine and Brazilian samples than in theU.S. sample. Body dissatisfaction was a significant probleminall samples, but we found few differences in levels of bodydissatisfaction. The Argentine and Brazilian samples scoredlower than the U.S. sample on measures associated withdisordered eating, experienced less pressure to be thin, andwere less likely to internalize the thin body ideal. Body shamewas highest in the Brazilian sample and lowest in the Argentinesample. Cultural features in Argentina and Brazil that mayoffer some level of protection against the thin body ideal werediscussed.","palabras_clave":"Body dissatisfaction |Eating disorders |Cultural differences |Thin ideal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3489,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Acinetobacter baumannii is Able to Gain and Maintain a Plasmid Harbouring In35 Found in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates From Argentina.","resumen":"The aim of this study was to determine the presence of bla                        (CTX-M-2) in our A. baumannii population and their putative role   as an alternative mechanism of resistance to third-generation   cephalosporins in this species. The bla                      (CTX-M-2)   gene is widespread among the Enterobacteriaceae isolates from our   country; however, it was not found in 76 isolates A. baumannii   non-epidemiologically related clinical isolates resistant to   third-generation cephalosporins isolated since 1982 in hospitals from   Buenos Aires City. A plasmid isolated from Proteus mirabilis that   possesses the complex class 1 integron In35::ISCR1::bla                        (CTX-M-2) was used to transform the natural competent A. baumannii   clinical strain A118. PCR, plasmid extraction, DNA restriction, and   susceptibility test confirmed that A118 could gain and maintain the   plasmid possessing In35::ISCR1::bla                      (CTX-M-2), the   genetic platform where the bla                      (CTX-M-2) gene is   dispersing in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"acinetobacter baumannii|integron|plasmid|beta-lactamase"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3490,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de la Relación entre Clima y Consumo Energético Residencial en la Ciudad de San Juan","resumen":"Profundizaren el estudio de la relación existente entre el clima y los consumosenergéticos residenciales sanjuaninos, es el objetivo del presente trabajo, quecontinúa para el año 2006, investigaciones previas realizadas en 1999 sobremuestras representativas de seis barrios suburbanos. Se mejoran lasherramientas implementadas entonces en libros MS-Excel, que permiten relacionaren diferentes formas ambas variables en estudio aplicando diversas técnicasestadísticas y sistematizar los análisis en dos escalas (muestra completa y porbarrio), por clases de consumos (electricidad, gas y energía total), en valoresabsolutos y relativos, separados por año o superpuestos. Se utilizan comoindicadores los Grados-Día, el Índice Climático y el concepto del usuariotipo. Los resultados demuestran los distintos tipos de relaciones que hayentre clima y consumos en el universo de análisis seleccionado, las cualesresponden a patrones similares, indicando que hay un uso preferencial deelectricidad en verano y de gas en invierno para climatizar las viviendas. ISSN0328-932X","palabras_clave":"CLIMA|CONSUMO|RELACIÓN|RESIDENCIAL|SECTOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3491,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Integrated Foliar Disease Management to Prevent Yield Loss in Argentinian Wheat Production","resumen":"Zero tillage often leads to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield losses from diseases caused by necrotrophic foliar pathogens. The aim of this work was to evaluate the combined effect of tillage, N fertilization, fungicides, and resistant cultivars in reducing foliar disease severity to prevent significant yield losses. A 2-yr study including combinations of (i) conventional and zero tillage; (ii) N fertilization rates 0, 80, or 160 kg ha&#8722;1 N; (iii) two fungicide treatments (with and without a fungicide (1 L of metconazole, 9%) at growth stages (GS) 32 and 39; and (iv) three wheat cultivars was conducted in the Rolling Pampas region in Argentina. The most common foliar disease in the trial was tan spot [Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs.]. Conventional tillage reduced foliar disease severity at GS 23 by 46 and 56% and the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) by 20 and 14% for each season, respectively compared with zero tillage. The cultivar Buck Bigua had significantly lower AUDPC values than the others. Fungicide and N application reduced disease severity at GS 23 by 35 and 34% respectively, on average over both years. Disease was less severe in zero tillage plots which received a fungicide compared to conventional tillage plots that were not treated with fungicide. In 2002 yields were greater in conventional tillage plots with 160 kg ha&#8722;1 N and fungicide application than in all other treatments. In 2003 yields were greatest in zero tillage plots with 160 kg ha&#8722;1 N and fungicide. The results of this study indicate that in spite of the increase of necrotrophic diseases, developing no-till systems in wheat monoculture is possible without significant yield losses if effective disease management practices are applied.","palabras_clave":"WHEAT|CROP MANAGEMENT|YIELD LOSS|DISEASES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3492,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The nodulation of alfalfa by the acid-tolerant Rhizobium sp. strain LPU83 does not require sulfated forms of lipochitooligosaccharide nodulation signals","resumen":"The induction of root nodules by the majority of rhizobia has a strict requirement for the secretion of symbiosis-specific lipochitooligosaccharides (nodulation factors [NFs]). The nature of the chemical substitution on the NFs depends on the particular rhizobium and contributes to the host specificity imparted by the NFs. We present here a description of the genetic organization of the nod gene cluster and the characterization of the chemical structure of the NFs associated with the broad-host-range Rhizobium sp. strain LPU83, a bacterium capable of nodulating at least alfalfa, bean, and Leucena leucocephala. The nod gene cluster was located on the plasmid pLPU83b. The organization of the cluster showed synteny with those of the alfalfa-nodulating rhizobia, Sinorhizobium meliloti and Sinorhizobium medicae. Interestingly, the strongest sequence similarity observed was between the partial nod sequences of Rhizobium mongolense USDA 1844 and the corresponding LPU83 nod genes sequences. The phylogenetic analysis of the intergenic region nodEG positions strain LPU83 and the type strain R. mongolense 1844 in the same branch, which indicates that Rhizobium sp. strain LPU83 might represent an early alfalfa-nodulating genotype. The NF chemical structures obtained for the wild-type strain consist of a trimeric, tetrameric, and pentameric chitin backbone that shares some substitutions with both alfalfa- and bean-nodulating rhizobia. Remarkably, while in strain LPU83 most of the NFs were sulfated in their reducing terminal residue, none of the NFs isolated from the nodH mutant LPU83-H were sulfated. The evidence obtained supports the notion that the sulfate decoration of NFs in LPU83 is not necessary for alfalfa nodulation.","palabras_clave":"nodulation factor|rhizobia|sulfation|alfalfa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3493,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cytotoxic effects of Argentinian plant extracts on tumor and normal cell lines","resumen":"In the search for possible new anti-cancer agents, we investigated the   effects of 75 aqueous and methanol extracts from 41 Argentinean plant   species. The effect in cell growth was evaluated in the LM2 mammary   adenocarcinoma cells. In a second stage, the highly active selected   extracts were assayed in 3 other tumour cell lines: melanoma B16,   bladder MB49 and lung A549; and 3 normal cell lines: mammary Hb4a and   keratinocytes PAM212 and HaCat. Eight methanol extracts were found to be   highly cytotoxic: Collaea argentina leaf, Iochroma australe leaf,   Ipomoea bonariensis flower, Jacaranda mimosifolia flower, Solanum   amygdalifolium flower, Solanum chacoense leaf, Solanum sisymbriifolium   flower and Solanum verbascifolium flower. However, extract inhibition on   cell growth was highly dependent on cell type. In general, except for   the highly resistant cell lines, the inhibitory concentrations 50% were   in the range of 10-150 &#956;g\/ml The eight extracts highly inhibited cell   growth in a concentration-dependent manner, and in general the methanol   extracts were always more active than the aqueous. Murine cells appear   to be more sensitive than human cells to the cytotoxic action of the   plant extracts. The human melanoma B16 line was the most resistant to   four of the extracts. In terms of selectivity, S. verbascifolium was the   species which showed most selectivity for tumour cells. Overall, this   is one of the first studies focusing on southern South American native   plants and their biological effects. Since some species of 5 genera   analyzed have been reported to possess different degrees of alkaloid   content, we examined microtubule structures after extract treatments.   The eight extracts induced destabilization, condensation and aggregation   of microtubules in LM2 cells, although no depolarization, typical of   Vinca alkaloids damage was observed. In a near future, antitumour   activity of purified fractions of the extracts administered at non-toxic   doses will be assayed in transplantable murine tumour models.","palabras_clave":"Antitumoral compounds|plant extracts|citotoxicity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3494,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Integral assessment of pollution in the Suquía River (Córdoba, Argentina) as a contribution to  lotic ecosystem restoration programs","resumen":"The Suquía River lower\u2013middle basin (Córdoba, Argentina) is subject to a strong anthropic impact because it receives pollutants from different sources (industries, wastewaters, heavy traffic, agricultural land use, etc.). We have assessed the degree of watershed degradation of Suquía River lower\u2013middle sections through the analysis of different ecosystem compartments (air, water, riparian soil, sediments and biota), in order to provide useful data to be considered in future river restoration programs. Four study sites were selected along the river (La Calera city, Córdoba city, Corazón de María village and Río Primero city) which were sampled during the low- and high-water flow periods. We analyzed: a) chemical and physical characteristics of water, sediments, and riparian soil; b) heavy metal content of water and sediments, and c) semi-volatile organic compounds in air. Besides, pollutant bioindicators such as fish assemblages, lichens (Usnea amblyoclada), vascular plants (Tradescantia pallida), and microorganisms (fecal coliform and Escherichia coli) were used to further assess the status of the river. All analyzed ecological compartments were affected by water pollution, particularly, fish assemblages, sediments and riparian soils by heavy metal and coliform bacteria. Moreover, we detected a possible contribution of sulfur and a high pollutant content in air that merit further research about other air\u2013water exchanges. Accordingly, we strongly suggest that an action to restore or remediate the anthropic effect on the Suquía River be extended to all possible compartments along the river. ","palabras_clave":"air bioindicators| coliform bacteria| heavy metals| semi-volatile organic compounds"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3495,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for a Standard Model Higgs boson in the H&#8722;>ZZ&#8722;>l+l&#8722;v&#957;&#8722; decay channel with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for a heavy standard model Higgs boson decaying via H&#8594;ZZ&#8594;&#8467;+&#8467;-&#957;&#957;&#773;        , where &#8467;=e, &#956;, is presented. It is based on proton-proton collision data at &#8730;s=7  &#8201;&#8201;TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in the first half of   2011 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.04&#8201;&#8201;fb-1.   The data are compared to the expected standard model backgrounds. The   data and the background expectations are found to be in agreement and   upper limits are placed on the Higgs boson production cross section over   the entire mass window considered; in particular, the production of a   standard model Higgs boson is excluded in the region 340&lt;mH&lt;450&#8201;&#8201;GeV at the 95% confidence level.","palabras_clave":"HIGGS|lepton neutrino|Z|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3496,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lichen bioerosion on fossil vertebrates from the Cenozoic of Patagonia and Antarctica","resumen":"Different traces occur on fossil bones and teeth coming from  the Early Miocene Gaiman Formation (Patagonia, Argentina).  Most traces were attributed to the action of terrestrial and marine  predators and scavengers. However, other traces on bones and  teeth from this unit and one tooth from the Eocene La Meseta  Formation (Antarctica) are attributed to chemical corrosion by  lichens in recent times, that is, in a very late diagenetic time. The  living lichens and calcium oxalate deposits occurring on the traces  and their particular pattern indicates that they were not produced  by vegetal roots. The lichens include reproductive structures which  allowed a proper determination. A kind of corrosion pattern  (Type 1) on bones and teeth from Patagonia is associated to  Sarcogyne orbicularis K¨orber, Verrucaria sp. Schrad, and Buellia  aff. punctiformis (Hoff.) Massal. The lichen Aspicilia aff. aquatica  produced rounded holes on an Antarctic tooth (Type 2). On the  same tooth, the epilithic lichen Caloplaca sp. Th. Fries did not  leave any kind of mark on the enameloid.","palabras_clave":"BIOEROSION|LICHEN|TAPHONOMY|ANTARCTICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3497,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the inclusive and dijet cross-sections of b-jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"The inclusive and dijet production cross-sections have been measured for jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) in proton\u2013proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of &#8730;s=7TeV , using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb&#8722;1. The b-jets are identified using either a lifetime-based method, where secondary decay vertices of b-hadrons in jets are reconstructed using information from the tracking detectors, or a muon-based method where the presence of a muon is used to identify semileptonic decays of b-hadrons inside jets. The inclusive b-jet cross-section is measured as a function of transverse momentum in the range 20<p T<400 GeV and rapidity in the range |y|<2.1. The bb&#8722; -dijet cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass in the range 110<m jj<760 GeV, the azimuthal angle difference between the two jets and the angular variable &#967; in two dijet mass regions. The results are compared with next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Good agreement is observed between the measured cross-sections and the predictions obtained using POWHEG + Pythia. MC@NLO + Herwig shows good agreement with the measured bb&#8722; -dijet cross-section. However, it does not reproduce the measured inclusive cross-section well, particularly for central b-jets with large transverse momenta.","palabras_clave":"HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS|ATLAS, CERN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3498,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"H2O2 based \u0002alpha-pinene oxidation over Ti-MCM-41. A kinetic study","resumen":"&#945;-Pinene oxidation with hydrogen peroxide using Ti-MCM-41, prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, with a Ti content of 1.12 wt.% was studied. The major products of reaction observed were: verbenone, verbenol and campholenic aldehyde which are used in the pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetics industry. The effects of various parameters such as the concentration of reagents, catalyst and temperature on the reaction rate have been studied. The experimental results show that the surface chemical reaction onto the catalytic site controls the overall reaction rate. A kinetic model that includes the absorption of reactants, water and solvent on the catalyst was proposed. The analysis of the initial rates allowed to determinate that the reaction is first order regarding to the &#945;-pinene, hydrogen peroxide and catalyst amount and zero order with respect to H2O, with apparent activation energy of 67.5 KJ\/mol. Under the study conditions, leaching of the active species is not observed. Finally, the catalyst can be used repeatedly without losing activity or selectivity, confirming that the reaction proceeds through a certainly heterogeneous process.","palabras_clave":"Kinetic|\u0002alpha-Pinene|Hydrogen peroxide|Mesoporous materials"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3500,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oral immunization with live Lactococcus lactis expressing rotavirus VP8 subunit induces specific immune response in mice.","resumen":"Rotaviruses are the major cause of worldwide infectious diarrhea in children and vaccination is considered to be the most effective way to control these infections. The development of a mucosal live vaccineusing the food-grade lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus lactis as antigen vehicle is an attractive and safevaccination strategy against rotavirus. In this study, the construction of recombinant L. lactis strains ableto produce the rotavirus spike-protein subunit VP8* in cytoplasmic, secreted and cell wall-anchoredforms is reported. Evaluation of the immune response generated after immunization was conducted in amouse model. The present study shows that animals inoculated orally with the L. lactis strain producingthe cytoplasmic form of VP8* (LL1) developed significant levels of intestinal IgA antibodies while animalsreceiving L. lactis producing the cell wall-anchored VP8* form (LL3) exhibited anti-VP8* antibodies at bothintestinal and systemic levels. Furthermore, it was observed that intestinal antibodies of the LL1-treatedgroup and serum antibodies of the LL3-treated group were able to block rotavirus infection by 50% and100%, respectively. These encouraging results represent a step towards the development of a new andsafe mucosal vaccine against rotavirus.Lactococcus lactis as antigen vehicle is an attractive and safevaccination strategy against rotavirus. In this study, the construction of recombinant L. lactis strains ableto produce the rotavirus spike-protein subunit VP8* in cytoplasmic, secreted and cell wall-anchoredforms is reported. Evaluation of the immune response generated after immunization was conducted in amouse model. The present study shows that animals inoculated orally with the L. lactis strain producingthe cytoplasmic form of VP8* (LL1) developed significant levels of intestinal IgA antibodies while animalsreceiving L. lactis producing the cell wall-anchored VP8* form (LL3) exhibited anti-VP8* antibodies at bothintestinal and systemic levels. Furthermore, it was observed that intestinal antibodies of the LL1-treatedgroup and serum antibodies of the LL3-treated group were able to block rotavirus infection by 50% and100%, respectively. These encouraging results represent a step towards the development of a new andsafe mucosal vaccine against rotavirus.L. lactis strains ableto produce the rotavirus spike-protein subunit VP8* in cytoplasmic, secreted and cell wall-anchoredforms is reported. Evaluation of the immune response generated after immunization was conducted in amouse model. The present study shows that animals inoculated orally with the L. lactis strain producingthe cytoplasmic form of VP8* (LL1) developed significant levels of intestinal IgA antibodies while animalsreceiving L. lactis producing the cell wall-anchored VP8* form (LL3) exhibited anti-VP8* antibodies at bothintestinal and systemic levels. Furthermore, it was observed that intestinal antibodies of the LL1-treatedgroup and serum antibodies of the LL3-treated group were able to block rotavirus infection by 50% and100%, respectively. These encouraging results represent a step towards the development of a new andsafe mucosal vaccine against rotavirus.L. lactis strain producingthe cytoplasmic form of VP8* (LL1) developed significant levels of intestinal IgA antibodies while animalsreceiving L. lactis producing the cell wall-anchored VP8* form (LL3) exhibited anti-VP8* antibodies at bothintestinal and systemic levels. Furthermore, it was observed that intestinal antibodies of the LL1-treatedgroup and serum antibodies of the LL3-treated group were able to block rotavirus infection by 50% and100%, respectively. These encouraging results represent a step towards the development of a new andsafe mucosal vaccine against rotavirus.L. lactis producing the cell wall-anchored VP8* form (LL3) exhibited anti-VP8* antibodies at bothintestinal and systemic levels. Furthermore, it was observed that intestinal antibodies of the LL1-treatedgroup and serum antibodies of the LL3-treated group were able to block rotavirus infection by 50% and100%, respectively. These encouraging results represent a step towards the development of a new andsafe mucosal vaccine against rotavirus.","palabras_clave":"Vacunas|Enfermedades infecciosas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3501,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mitochondrial involvement in chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy","resumen":"The pathogenesis of chronic chagasic cardiopathy is still under discussion; there is considerable evidence that inflammatory infiltrates and their mediators have a direct effect on cardiac cells. Here we studied the structure and function of cardiac mitochondria in chronic chagasic myocardiopathy. Cardiac mitochondrial structure and enzyme activity of citrate synthase and complexes I to IV of the respiratory chain were studied in albino Swiss mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (Tulahuen strain or SGO Z12 isolate) on 365 days post-infection (dpi). The presence of parasites in cardiac and skeletal muscle was also investigated. The activity of complexes I to IV was altered in different ways, according to the strain employed (P T. cruzi-infected mice, demonstrating that the parasite strain determines different mitochondrial changes in chagasic cardiopathy.  ","palabras_clave":"MITOCHONDRIA|CHAGASIC CARDIOMYOPATHY|MITOCHONDRIA MORPHOLOGY|CHAGAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3502,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EL ROL DE TRES PRUEBAS DE ELISA CON ANTIGENOS DE PROMASTIGOTES DE LEISHMANIA BRAZILIENSIS, L. AMAZONENSIS Y L. GUYANENSIS EN EL DIAGNOSTICO DE LEISHMANIASIS TEGUMENTARIA","resumen":"Los resultados del ANOVA a dos criterios de clasificación,al comparar las densidades ópticas (DO) obtenidas para los sueros controles negativos y de pacientes con leishmaniasis, frente a ELISAb, ELISAa y ELISAg, evidenciaronque no existen diferencias significativas entre las distintas pruebas serológicas (p > 0.5223) pero sí entre los resultados de los controles positivos y negativos (p Además, se observó que las áreas bajo las curvas ROC de cada una de las pruebas tuvieron valores superiores a 0.9, con una muy buena performance para todas ellas.","palabras_clave":"Leishmaniasis|ELISA|Diagnostico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3503,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermo- and radioluminescenceo of undoped and Dy-doped strontium borates prepared by sol-gel method","resumen":"Borates have shown to be efficient materials to be employed for ionizing   radiation detection given their tissue-equivalent characteristics.   Usually, the efficiency of these compounds is largely dependent on the   preparation methods and conditions. In this work nominally pure and   Dy-doped strontium borates have been prepared by sol-gel method. The   thermoluminescence and radioluminescence of the resulting borates have   been investigated and correlated to their structural characteristics","palabras_clave":"BORATES|THERMOLUMINESCENCE|RADIOLUMINESCENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3504,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Different effects of Mg2+ and Zn2+ on the two sites for alkylammonium compounds in Pseudomonas aeruginosa  phosphorylcholine phosphatase","resumen":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa phosphorylcholine phosphatase (PchP) catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphorylcholine (Pcho), is activated by Mg2+ or Zn2+, and is inhibited by high concentrations of substrate. This study has shown that PchP contains two sites for alkylammonium compounds (AACs): one in the catalytic site near the metal ion-phosphoester pocket, and the other in an inhibitory site responsible for the binding of the alkylammonium moiety. The catalytic mechanism for the entry of Pcho in both sites and Zn2+ or Mg2+ follows a random sequential mechanism. However, Zn2+ is more effective than Mg2+ at alleviating the inhibition produced by the entry of Pcho or different AACs in the inhibitory site.We postulate that Zn2+ induces a conformational change in the active center that is communicated to the inhibitory site, producing a compact or closed structure. In contrast,Mg2+ produces a relaxed or open conformation.","palabras_clave":"PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA|PHOSPHORYCHOLINE PHOSPHATASE|METALS|ALKYLAMMONIUM COMPOUNDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3505,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lipopolysaccharide  (LPS)  induction  of  nitric  oxide  synthase-2  and cyclooxygenase-2 is impaired in fructose overloaded rats","resumen":"Aims: Fructose (F) overload in rats induces metabolic dysfunctions that resemble the human metabolic syndrome. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the response of F overload rats to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production and prostanoids (PR) release. Main methods: NO blood steady-state concentration was monitored through the detection of nitrosyl\u2013hemoglobin complexes (NO\u2013Hb) by electronic spin resonance. Production of 6-keto PGF1&#945;, PGE2, PGF2&#945; and TXB2 was measured in aorta and mesenteric beds by HPLC. Western blot analysis was used to examine the changes in the expression levels of NOS-2 and COX-2 in aorta. Key findings: Our results showed that increases in NO circulating steady-state concentration and PR production by aorta and mesenteric beds 6 h after LPS administration were significantly attenuated in F overload rats with respect to control animals. Oxidative stress parameters were equally affected in the presence or absence of the F treatment. Aorta protein levels of NOS-2 and COX-2, two enzymes inducible by LPS, were significantly lower in F overload rats with respect to control rats at the end of the treatment (&#8722;39% and &#8722;61% for NOS-2 and COX-2 respectively). Significance: These results suggest that the metabolic alterations established by 15 weeks of F overload should affect the response to LPS challenge due to an attenuation in the induction of NOS-2 and COX-2. This effect would be one of the components contributing to abnormalities in the course of the inflammatory response in other conditions associated to insulin resistance, such as diabetes.","palabras_clave":"Fructose|Lipopolyssacharide|Nitric oxide synthase|Oxidative stress"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3506,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermal stability of Ln2NiO4+&#948; (Ln: La, Pr, Nd) and their chemical compatibility with YSZ and CGO solid electrolytes","resumen":"Thermal stability and chemical compatibility with electrolyte materials for Solid Oxide FuelCells (SOFC) have been studied on Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates Ln2NiO4+d with Ln: La, Prand Nd. Samples of each composition prepared by three different routes, were characterizedby X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Differentmicrostructures were achieved by each preparation method. The thermal stability of thesecompounds was analyzed by annealing all the samples at 700 and 900 C in air. Pr2NiO4+d(PNO) decomposes after 24 h of annealing at 700 C confirming its instability at theseconditions. Evidences of chemical reaction between La2NiO4+d (LNO) and bothCe0.9Gd0.1O1.96 (CGO) and Zr0.92Y0.08O1.96 (YSZ) were observed at 700 and 900 C, respectively.No decomposition or chemical reaction with YSZ or CGO were found for Nd2NiO4þd (NNO)below 900 C. Nevertheless, reactivity with both electrolytes was found for this compoundat 1000 C. The kinetics of these reactions strongly depends on the microstructure ofLn2NiO4+d.","palabras_clave":"SOFC|CATHODE|LANTANIDE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3507,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation and phenotypic characterization of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei bacteriophage-resistant mutants","resumen":"Aims: To isolate and characterize bacterial strains derived from Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei strains and resistant to phage MLC-A. Methods and results: Two of nine assayed strains rendered resistant mutants with recovery efficiencies of 83% (Lact. paracasei ATCC 27092) and 100% (Lact. casei ATCC 27139). DNA similarity coefficients (RAPD-PCR) confirmed that no significant genetic changes occurred while obtaining resistant mutants. Neither parent nor mutant strains spontaneously released phages. Phage-resistant mutants were tested against phages PL-1, J-1, A2 and MLC-A8. Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27092 mutants showed, overall, lower phage resistance than Lact. paracasei ATCC 27092 ones, but still higher than that of the parent strain. Lactobacillus paracasei ATCC 27092 mutants moderately adsorbed phage MLC-A only in calcium presence, although their parent strain successfully did it with or without calcium. Adsorption rates for Lact. casei ATCC 27139 and its mutants were highly influenced by calcium. Again, phage adsorption was higher on the original strain. Conclusions: Several isolates derived from two Lact. casei and Lact. paracasei strains showed resistance to phage MLC-A but also to other Lact. casei and Lact. paracasei phages. Significance and impact of the study: This study highlights isolation of spontaneous bacteriophage-resistant mutants from Lact. casei and Lact. paracasei as a good choice for use in industrial rotation schemes.","palabras_clave":"."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3508,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lutzomyia longipalpis in Uruguay: the first report and the potential of visceral leishmaniasis transmission","resumen":"Phlebotomine captures were performed in February 2010 in Salto (Salto department) and Bella Unión-Cuarein (Artigas department), Uruguay. Bella Unión is located across the Paraná River from Monte Caseros, Argentina, where a focus of canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was reported in 2009. No VL cases have ever been recorded in Uruguay and the last reported capture of Phlebotominae was in 1932 (Lutzomyia cortelezzii and Lutzomyia gaminarai). Light traps were placed in peridomestic environments, and Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis, was found in Salto and Bella Unión. This is a first report of an area of potential VL transmission in Uruguay. Active and coordinated surveillance is required immediately the Uruguay-Argentina-Brazil border area.Lutzomyia cortelezzii and Lutzomyia gaminarai). Light traps were placed in peridomestic environments, and Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis, was found in Salto and Bella Unión. This is a first report of an area of potential VL transmission in Uruguay. Active and coordinated surveillance is required immediately the Uruguay-Argentina-Brazil border area.","palabras_clave":"LUTZOMYIA LONGIPALPIS|VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS|URUGUAY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3509,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Novel role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 as a Progesterone Receptor coactivator in breast cancer.","resumen":"Interactions between progesterone receptor (PR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3)-mediated signaling pathways have already been described. In the present study, we explored thecapacity of Stat3 to functionally interact with progesterone receptor (PR) and modulate PR transcriptionalactivation in breast cancer cells. We found that the synthetic progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA) induced the association of a PR\/Stat3 complex in which Stat3 acts as a coactivator of PR. Wedemonstrated that Stat3 activation is required for MPA modulation of the endogenous genes bcl-X andp21CIP1 which are involved in MPA-induced cell cycle regulation. Stat3 activity as a coactivator of PR wasobserved in both the classical and nonclassical ligand activated-PR transcriptional mechanisms, since theeffects described were identified in the bcl-X promoter which contains a progesterone responsive elementand in the p21CIP1 promoter which carries Sp1 binding sites where PR is recruited via the transcriptionfactor Sp1. The data herein presented identifies a potential therapeutic intervention for PR-positive breasttumors consisting of targeting Stat3 function or PR\/Stat3 interaction which will result in the inhibitionof PR function.","palabras_clave":"STAT3|PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR|COACTIVATOR|BREAST CANCER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3510,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, structural characterization and pro-apoptotic activity of Indanone thiosemicarbazones and their platinum (II) and paladium (II) complexes: Potential role as selective antileukemic agents","resumen":"In the search for alternative chemotherapeutic strategies against leukemia, various 1-indanone thiosemicarbazones, as well as eight novel platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes, with the formula [MCl2(HL)] and [M(HL)(L)]Cl, derived from two 1-indanone thiosemicarbazones were synthesized and tested for antiproliferative activity against the human leukemia U937 cell line. The crystal structure of [Pt(HL1)(L1)]Cl.2MeOH, where L1=1-indanone thiosemicarbazone, was solved by X-ray diffraction. Free thiosemicarbazone ligands showed no antiproliferative effect, but the corresponding platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Platinum(II) complexes also displayed selective apoptotic activity in U937 cells but not in peripheral blood monocytes or the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line used toscreen for potential hepatotoxicity. Present findings show that, in U937 cells, 1-indanone&nbsp;&nbsp; thiosemicarbazones coordinated to palladium(II) were more cytotoxic than those complexed withplatinum(II), although the latter were found to be more selective for leukemic cells suggesting that they are promising compounds with potential therapeutic application against hematologicalmalignancies.","palabras_clave":"LEUKEMIA|1-INDANONE|HEMATOLOGICAL  MALIGNANCIES|APOPTOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3511,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efficient synthesis of chiral &#916; 2-1,3,4-thiadiazolines from &#945;-pinene and verbenone","resumen":"The synthesis of chiral cyclobutane 1,3,4-thiadiazoline derivatives starting from (-)alfa pinene and (-)verbenone was studied. The diastereoisomeric excesses of the products obtained depended strongly upon the starting chiral ketone. The stereochemical assignments of the synthesized compounds were performed by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray analysis, and theoretical calculations.","palabras_clave":"1,3,4-thiadiazolines|a-pinene|synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3512,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"BIOMASA AEREA Y RADICAL EN HÍBRIDOS DE MAÍZ CON SENESCENCIA RETARDADA CON DOS ARREGLOS ESPACIALES Y RIEGO","resumen":"Se ha determinado en maíz que aquellos híbridos que presentan una mayor relación fuente\/destino pueden mantenerse verdes en etapas tardías del período de llenado del grano, aspecto que constituye una ventaja respecto de los híbridos que muestran síntomas de senescencia en etapas iniciales de la formación del grano. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la productividad aérea y radical de híbridos con senescencia demorada (SG stay green): AX 892 y AX 882) y senescencia normal (no SG: DK 682) bajo dos situaciones de arreglo espacial, con y sin riego durante el período de llenado de granos. En los estados  de desarrollo R2 (cuaje) y R6 (madurez fisiológica) se determinaron las biomasas aérea y radical mediante la recolección de las muestras y su posterior secado hasta peso constante. La producción de granos se determinó en R6. Se encontró que  los híbridos SG produjeron mayor biomasa aérea (AX 892: 1904 g m-2 en R2 y 2880 g m-2 en R6; AX 882: 808 g m-2 en R2 y 1952 g m-2 en R6), biomasa radical (principalmente en el primer estrato tanto en R2 como en R6. El híbrido AX 892 presentó mayor biomasa radical en ambos arreglos  espaciales, tanto con como sin riego, respecto a DK 682) y rendimiento (AX 892:1384 g m-2 y AX 882 1247 g m-2) respecto al híbrido senescente. Las conclusiones son que para la región analizada y las variables planteadas, la utilización de híbridos SG favorece la obtención de sistemas productivos extensivos con un uso racional del agua edáfica, contribuyendo así a la sustentabilidad del agroecosistema.","palabras_clave":"maíz|senescencia|raíz"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3513,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Acidification evidences of no-tilled soils of the central region of Argentina","resumen":"Empiric evidences indicate that agricultural soils of Argentina tend to acidification. The objective of this study was to determine pH values of, since several years, no-tilled and urea-fertilized-agricultural soils of Argentina. Results indicated that both, the actual pH (pHA) and the potential pH (pHP) values were lower in humid than in dry environments. The ratio between ?mean annual precipitation:mean annual temperature? of the sites explained between 60 and 80% of pH values variability. This suggests that climatic conditions were responsible for current soil pH values. The pHA was 1.14 points higher tan pHP in all studied sites (p<<0.01), indicating that a generalized natural acidification process existed. In soils of drier environments, differences between both pHA and pHP were, on average, higher than 1.21, indicating that a more intense acidification. However, pH values were not low enough to affect the normal growth of crops and soil organisms. In soils of humid environments, differences between pHA and pHP were higher than 1.10, being pHA values (6.17 and 5.80) acid enough to affect the microbial activity and the development of pH sensitive crops. Fertilization with urea decreased pHA between 0.18 and 0.32 points in relation to non fertilized treatments (p<0.05), indicating that fertilization contributed to decrease pH values in the studied soils. It is concluded that fertilization with urea slightly increased the natural tendency to soil acidification in most of studied soils.","palabras_clave":"SOIL ACIDIFICATION|NITROGEN FERTILIZERS |SOIL DEGRADATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3514,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fuzzy Uncertainties in Human Reliability Analysis (Indexed by Thomson Reuters)","resumen":"    Abstract?Human reliability studies seek to determine the trends of people to make mistakes in their performance. Currently, no methodology has a general consensus, and most of them haven?t been very attractive to the media due to the complexity of the techniques developed and the lack of information which allows implementation in a comprehensive manner. All currently known techniques are based on probability theory and only in recent years has begun to explore the possibility of applying fuzzy logic techniques for the treatment of the uncertainties involved. To date there is no unified model that allows representing the uncertainties. In this work uncertainties identified in the main present models are introduced. Different types of uncertainties are described remarking when the uncertainty is fuzzy. ","palabras_clave":"FUZZY LOGIC|UNCERTAINTIES|HUMAN RELIABILITY|HUMAN ERROR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3515,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Erratum: First-principles and time-differential gamma-gamma perturbed-angular-correlation spectroscopy study       of structural and electronic properties of Ta-doped TiO2 semiconductor. [Phys. Rev. B 79, 115213 (2009)]","resumen":"In Eq. (3) we wrote by mistake a multiplicative 23factor. This was only a typographic error that did not affect the calculationsperformed in the paper. The correct equation, which we used in our calculations, isSKn= Sn22(k1,k2,&#951;) + A42A22Sn42(k1,k2,&#951;).","palabras_clave":"ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF SOLIDS|GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY  CONDENSED MATTER|IMPURITIES IMPLANTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3576,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Geodesia Empresaria - Causales de Costos","resumen":"No  es posible basar la conducta propia en la idea de que todo se halla  determinado, porque ignoramos qué es lo que se ha determinado. Por el  contrario, hay que adoptar la teoría operativa de que poseemos libre albedrío y  somos responsables de nuestras acciones. Esta aproximación a la realidad no  sirve de mucho a la hora de predecir la conducta humana, pero la adoptamos  porque no hay probabilidad de resolver las cuestiones surgidas de las leyes  fundamentales (Dr. Stephen Hawking).","palabras_clave":"Caos|Leyes|Sistemas|Geodesia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3595,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative study of sensory and instrumental characteristics of texture and color of boiled under-exploited Andean tubers","resumen":"Andean tubers are traditional staple food with different sizes, forms, colors and textures which, nowadays,are under-exploited. The work\u2019s aims were 1) to determine the instrumental and sensory characteristicsof texture and color of boiled Andean tubers; and 2) to establish the relationship between theperceived sensations and the instrumental analysis. Six tuber crops were evaluated by a trained paneland instrumental methods. Oca amarilla, Oca morada, and Papalisa were characterized by their colors.\u2019s aims were 1) to determine the instrumental and sensory characteristicsof texture and color of boiled Andean tubers; and 2) to establish the relationship between theperceived sensations and the instrumental analysis. Six tuber crops were evaluated by a trained paneland instrumental methods. Oca amarilla, Oca morada, and Papalisa were characterized by their colors.Oca amarilla, Oca morada, and Papalisa were characterized by their colors.Imilla, Runa and Cuarentona were noted for their texture properties. Roughness, friability, adhesivenessand springiness could be predicted by instrumental firmness (r between 0.50 and 0.73). The dry matter,ranging from 10.4 to 30.4%, was associated with all the sensory texture descriptors according, but onlyshowed Pearson\u2019s correlation with manual adhesiveness (r ¼ 0.62, P &lt; 0.05) and firmness (r ¼ 0.53,, Runa and Cuarentona were noted for their texture properties. Roughness, friability, adhesivenessand springiness could be predicted by instrumental firmness (r between 0.50 and 0.73). The dry matter,ranging from 10.4 to 30.4%, was associated with all the sensory texture descriptors according, but onlyshowed Pearson\u2019s correlation with manual adhesiveness (r ¼ 0.62, P &lt; 0.05) and firmness (r ¼ 0.53,firmness (r between 0.50 and 0.73). The dry matter,ranging from 10.4 to 30.4%, was associated with all the sensory texture descriptors according, but onlyshowed Pearson\u2019s correlation with manual adhesiveness (r ¼ 0.62, P &lt; 0.05) and firmness (r ¼ 0.53,\u2019s correlation with manual adhesiveness (r ¼ 0.62, P &lt; 0.05) and firmness (r ¼ 0.53,P &lt; 0.05). This research determined some of the Andean tubers characteristics to start an appropriateutilization in food technology.&lt; 0.05). This research determined some of the Andean tubers characteristics to start an appropriateutilization in food technology.","palabras_clave":"sensory analysis|texture profile analysis|Andean tubers|dry matter"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3600,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for contact interactions in dilepton events from pp collisions at s&#8730;=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"This Letter presents a search for contact interactions in the dielectron and dimuon channels using datafrom proton\u2013proton collisions produced by the LHC at &#8730;s =7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector.The data sample, collected in 2011, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.08 and 1.21 fb&#8722;1in the e+e&#8722; and &#956;+&#956;&#8722; channels, respectively. No signi&#64257;cant deviations from the standard model are observed.Using a Bayesian approach with a prior &#64258;at in 1\/&#923;2, the following 95% CL lower limits are placed onthe energy scale of qq contact interactions: &#923;&#8722; > 10.1 TeV (&#923;+ > 9.4 TeV) in the electron channeland &#923;&#8722; >8.0 TeV (&#923;+ >7.0 TeV) in the muon channel for constructive (destructive) interference in theleft\u2013left isoscalar contact interaction model. Limits are also provided for a prior &#64258;at in 1\/&#923;4.","palabras_clave":"HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3602,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"A 10 años de diciembre de 2001: De la protesta social, luchas, desafíos y reinvenciones de lo político","resumen":"Diciembre de 2001 implicó un antes y un después en la vida política argentina. Representó un evento dislocador en la historia reciente de nuestro país. Por eso, a 10 años del 2001 nos preguntamos: ¿Quéprácticas hicieron posible y constituyeron el 2001 como evento dislocador? ¿Qué relevancia tuvo el 2001 para la experiencia de los movimientos sociales y la protesta social en Argentina? ¿Qué espacios de discusión política se han disputado los sentidos sobre dicho evento? ¿Cómo se reconfiguró el campo político luego de la dislocación post 2001? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que guiaron nuestra reflexión y que intentaremos aquí poner en discurso. En este artículo consideramos que los efectos de aquel evento deben rastrearse en los espacios que se disputaron su sentido, principalmente, medios de comunicación, ´academia´, movimientos sociales y gobierno. La mirada analítica que construimos aquí se encuentra atravesada por las reflexiones de la teoría de la hegemonía de Ernesto Laclau (1987, 2002, 2005) y algunas consideraciones sobre la historia de los lenguajes políticos de Elías Palti (2005, 2007), perspectivas que proponemos interrogar desde la problemática de los movimientos sociales y la protesta social. [Revista con referato, integra el Núcleo Básico de Revistas Científicas Argentinas del CONICET, indexada en LATINDEX&nbsp;y SCIELO].","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|DICIEMBRE 2001|DISLOCACION|PROTESTA SOCIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3603,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nuevo registro del género Dinilylisia (Squamata, Serpentes) para la Formación Anacleto (Campaniano Inferior ? Medio), Rincón de los Sauces, Neuquén, Argentina.","resumen":"--","palabras_clave":"SERPIENTE FÓSIL|DINILYSIA|CRETÁCICO|FORMACIÓN ANACLETO|CUENCA NEUQUINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3604,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Simplified tricycle model of quassinoids with in vitro antiparasitic activity.","resumen":"This is a report of the synthesis of BCD ring partial analogs of quassinoids, and the evaluation of their biological activity so as to elucidate the minimal functional requirement as potential antimalarial, leishmanicidal agents.","palabras_clave":"quassinoids|benzochromenes|acetals"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3606,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Factors Associated with Sporadic Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection in Children with Diarrhea from the Central Eastern Area of Argentina","resumen":"Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) are one of the most important emerging foodborne pathogens and the principal cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). This entity has been recognized worldwide as a priority issue in the field of zoonoses and public health, and Argentina is the country with the highest incidence of HUS in children less than 5 years of age.The lack of specific treatment, combined with the high morbidity rate of VTEC infection, makes prevention the main tool for reducing the incidence of HUS. The current work aimed at assessing the factors associated with sporadic VTEC infection in children with acute diarrhea from the Central Eastern area of Argentina where the incidence rate of HUS in children under 5 is the highest worldwide. A univariate analysis was performed to identify potential factors associated with VTEC infection by calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Then, a multivariate logistic regression model was performed. Interaction and association between significant factors were checked. \u201CRecent consumption of food prepared outside home\u201D (OR: 2.4, 95% CI 1.05\u20135.7) and \u201Crecent vegetables consumption\u201D (OR=0.4; 0.2\u20130.8) were identified as independent factors associated with VTEC infection. We believe that the data obtained from this study further the current knowledge about the epidemiology of VTEC infection in Argentina and could be considered when planning strategies for the prevention of the disease.","palabras_clave":"CHILDREN|DIARRHOEA|HAEMOLYTIC URAEMIC SYNDROME|PREVENTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3607,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antiproliferative effect of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin analogs on human breast cancer cells: impact of substitutions at the conformational peptide loop","resumen":"Desmopressin (dDAVP), asynthetic derivative of arginine vasopressin, is a safe hemostatic compoundwhich acts as a selective agonist for the vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R).V2R is expressed in kidney collecting ducts, endothelium, and sometumor cells. Perioperative administration of dDAVP can minimize the spread andsurvival of residual cancer cells. Looking for novel analogs with improved antitumoractivity, positions 4 and 5 of the nonapeptide were punctually substituted. dDAVP, two analogs [A4Q5]dDAVPand [V4Q5]dDAVP, and the tetrapeptides corresponding to fragments2-5, YFQN, YFAQ, and YFVQ respectively, were analyzed for theirantiproliferative activity on MCF-7 mammary carcinoma cells, a V2R-expressinghuman line. Analog [V4Q5]dDAVP significantly reduced cellproliferation compared to dDAVP. The chiral isomer of this analog, [v4Q5]dDAVP,was also assessed. At low concentration, tetrapeptides and lead peptidesdisplayed similar antiproliferative profiles.","palabras_clave":"vasopressin analog|v2 receptor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3608,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative analysis of the mycobiota and mycotoxins present in trench type corn silos and silo bags","resumen":"BACKGROUND: Silage is one of the most important feed sources for bovines. Mycotoxin contamination of feedstuffs is a worldwide concern. The aim of this study was to compare mycobiota and levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and patulin (PAT) in corn trench silos and silo bags.RESULTS: Dry matter was higher in trench silos. Counts varied from not detected to 108 CFU g&#8722;1 in both trench silos and silo bags. Isolation frequencies of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. were higher in trench silos, whereas Penicillium spp. was higher in silo bags. Silo bags showed less diversity than trench silos. Strains isolated produced AFB1, FB1 and PAT. In trench silos, AFB1 was the only mycotoxin detected (1\u2013160 µg kg&#8722;1). In silo bags AFB1 levels varied from 5.8 to 47.4 µg kg&#8722;1. DON was detected in two silo bag samples.CONCLUSION: When handling is adequate the reduction of mould and mycotoxin contamination in silo bags is considerable. This study will enable estimation of the mycotoxicological risk of different ensiling practices and determination of the most adequate method to minimize economic losses and reduce hazard to animal and human health. ","palabras_clave":"silos|mycotoxins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3609,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seabird mortality associated with ice trawlers in the patagonian shelf: effect of discards on the occurrence of interactions with fishing gear","resumen":"This study investigated the level of seabird mortality caused by the domestic trawlfleet (freshies) for hake (among other less important targets) operating in watersoff central Patagonia (37\u2013481S), analyzing the effect of environmental andoperational variability on the level of seabird interactions. With a total of 135vessels, the fleet is one of the largest in Argentina. Specifically tasked seabirdobservers were placed onboard trawlers during the summer and winter seasons ofthe years 2006 and 2007. The type and number of seabird interactions (i.e. contactswith fishing gear) were recorded during shooting and hauling operations, covering72 days of observation and 328 trawls. Black-browed albatrosses, white-chinnedpetrels Procellaria aequinoctialis, southern giant petrels Marconectes giganteus andsouthern royal albatrosses Diomedea epomophora were the most abundant speciesinteracting with trawlers. Confirmed mortalities of black-browed and southernroyal albatrosses were the result of collisions and entanglement with the warpcable while birds were scavenging. The estimated total mortality rate was 0.017birds h1 and 0.105 birds per vessel per day. The intensity of interactions (in termsof the number of contacts per unit time) was largely explained by the distributionof the fishing effort. Seasonality and the incidence of discards were the strongestfactors explaining the occurrence of seabird interactions. The total annualmortality in the trawl fleet under investigation was roughly estimated to be fromseveral hundred to over a thousand albatrosses. However, these figures should beconsidered preliminary due to the limited spatial and temporal coverage of dataand the fact that estimations were based on a low number of observed mortalities.The implementation of a strategic discard management may significantly reducethe number of seabird mortalities from collisions with warp cables or improve theeffectiveness of other complementary mitigation methods. Urgent implementationof mitigation measures is needed in this fleet to reduce the mortality of albatrossesand petrels along the Patagonian shelf.","palabras_clave":"SEABIRDS|ALBATROSSES|PETRELS|INCIDENTAL MORTALITY|TRAWLERS|PATAGONIA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3611,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"HCV RNA decline in the first 24 h exhibits high negative predictive value of sustained virologic response in HIV\/HCV genotype 1 co-infected patients treated with peginterferon and ribavirin","resumen":"Background: Treatment with Peg-interferon and ribavirin (PEG-IFN\/RBV) for HIV patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 has suboptimal rates of response. Viral kinetics has emerged as one of the best prognostic factors of treatment outcome. Methods: Twenty HIV\/HCV genotype 1 co-infected patients in treatment with PEG-IFN\/RBV, had blood drawn at baseline, 24 h, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 weeks. HCV-RNA levels were evaluated at each time point. ROC curves were used to evaluate the log10 HCV-RNA decay at 24 h that exhibits the best predictive value of achieving response. Genomic characterization of HCV NS5A at both interferon sensitivity-determining region (ISDR) and protein-kinase binding (PKRBD) domains were performed in order to evaluate its heterogeneity and association with 24 h HCV-RNA decay and SVR. Results: Non-responder patients exhibited a mean of 0.7 log10 (SD 0.74 log10) HCV-RNA decay at 24 h, whereas responder-patients presented 1.6 log10 (SD 0.28 log10), p = 0.04. A reduction in HCV viral load from baseline to 24 h of &lt;1.4 had a negative predictive value for achieving SVR of 100% and a positive predictive value of 50%. HCV genotype 1 isolates from patients with a decrease of HCV-RNA at 24 h &gt;1.4 log10, exhibited 3.1(SD 1.5) amino acids substitutions in ISDR and 4.8(SD 2.3) in PKRBD regions and 1.6(SD 0.7) and 2.4(SD1.3), respectively, in those patients presenting lower reduction in HCV-RNA. Conclusions: HIV\/HCV genotype 1 co-infected patients with a decrease in HCV-VL at 24 h &gt;1.4 log10 are more likely to achieve SVR when treated with PEG-IFN\/RBV than those with lower levels of HCV-RNA decay. Along with other host-related and viral-related prognostic factors in HIV\/HCV co-infected patients, this very early time point of evaluation could be of relevance in the management of HCV-specific treatment.Treatment with Peg-interferon and ribavirin (PEG-IFN\/RBV) for HIV patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 has suboptimal rates of response. Viral kinetics has emerged as one of the best prognostic factors of treatment outcome. Methods: Twenty HIV\/HCV genotype 1 co-infected patients in treatment with PEG-IFN\/RBV, had blood drawn at baseline, 24 h, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 weeks. HCV-RNA levels were evaluated at each time point. ROC curves were used to evaluate the log10 HCV-RNA decay at 24 h that exhibits the best predictive value of achieving response. Genomic characterization of HCV NS5A at both interferon sensitivity-determining region (ISDR) and protein-kinase binding (PKRBD) domains were performed in order to evaluate its heterogeneity and association with 24 h HCV-RNA decay and SVR. Results: Non-responder patients exhibited a mean of 0.7 log10 (SD 0.74 log10) HCV-RNA decay at 24 h, whereas responder-patients presented 1.6 log10 (SD 0.28 log10), p = 0.04. A reduction in HCV viral load from baseline to 24 h of &lt;1.4 had a negative predictive value for achieving SVR of 100% and a positive predictive value of 50%. HCV genotype 1 isolates from patients with a decrease of HCV-RNA at 24 h &gt;1.4 log10, exhibited 3.1(SD 1.5) amino acids substitutions in ISDR and 4.8(SD 2.3) in PKRBD regions and 1.6(SD 0.7) and 2.4(SD1.3), respectively, in those patients presenting lower reduction in HCV-RNA. Conclusions: HIV\/HCV genotype 1 co-infected patients with a decrease in HCV-VL at 24 h &gt;1.4 log10 are more likely to achieve SVR when treated with PEG-IFN\/RBV than those with lower levels of HCV-RNA decay. Along with other host-related and viral-related prognostic factors in HIV\/HCV co-infected patients, this very early time point of evaluation could be of relevance in the management of HCV-specific treatment.","palabras_clave":"24 h|Viral kinetics|SVR|HIV\/HCV co-infection|HCV treatment|NS5A"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3612,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First evaluation of the biologic effectiveness factors of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) in a human colon carcinoma cell line","resumen":"AbstractPURPOSE:DNA lesions produced by boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and those produced by gamma radiation in a colon carcinoma cell line were analyzed. We have also derived the relative biologic effectiveness factor (RBE) of the neutron beam of the RA-3- Argentine nuclear reactor, and the compound biologic effectiveness (CBE) values for p-boronophenylalanine ((10)BPA) and for 2,4-bis (&#945;,&#946;-dihydroxyethyl)-deutero-porphyrin IX ((10)BOPP).METHODS AND MATERIALS:Exponentially growing human colon carcinoma cells (ARO81-1) were distributed into the following groups: (1) BPA (10 ppm (10)B) + neutrons, (2) BOPP (10 ppm (10)B) + neutrons, (3) neutrons alone, and (4) gamma rays ((60)Co source at 1 Gy\/min dose-rate). Different irradiation times were used to obtain total absorbed doses between 0.3 and 5 Gy (±10%) (thermal neutrons flux = 7.5 10(9) n\/cm(2) sec).RESULTS:The frequency of micronucleated binucleated cells and the number of micronuclei per micronucleated binucleated cells showed a dose-dependent increase until approximately 2 Gy. The response to gamma rays was significantly lower than the response to the other treatments (p < 0.05). The irradiations with neutrons alone and neutrons + BOPP showed curves that did not differ significantly from, and showed less DNA damage than, irradiation with neutrons + BPA. A decrease in the surviving fraction measured by 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay as a function of the absorbed dose was observed for all the treatments. The RBE and CBE factors calculated from cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) and MTT assays were, respectively, the following: beam RBE: 4.4 ± 1.1 and 2.4 ± 0.6; CBE for BOPP: 8.0 ± 2.2 and 2.0 ± 1; CBE for BPA: 19.6 ± 3.7 and 3.5 ± 1.3.CONCLUSIONS:BNCT and gamma irradiations showed different genotoxic patterns. To our knowledge, these values represent the first experimental ones obtained for the RA-3 in a biologic model and could be useful for future experimental studies for the application of BNCT to colon carcinoma.Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc.","palabras_clave":"BNCT|COLON|CANCER|RBE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3613,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gas-phase reduction of cyclic and acyclic alpha-beta-unsaturated ketones by hydrogen transfer on MgO. Effect of the ketone structure.","resumen":"The gas-phase hydrogen transfer reduction (HTR) of cyclic and acyclic á,â-unsaturated ketones to the corresponding unsaturated alcohols (UOL) using 2-propanol as hydrogen donor was studied on MgO. The HTR of 2-cyclohexenone and mesityl oxide were used as model reactions. The MgO activity and selectivity toward the unsaturated alcohol depended on the ketone chemical structure. Cyclic 2-cyclohexenone was in fact less reactive but more selective to UOL formation than acyclic mesityl oxide, yielding about 85% UOL at 573 K. The rigid structure of 2-cyclohexenone enforces a s-trans conformation that favors selective reduction of the C=O bond and thereby enhances the UOL formation. In contrast, the less rigid structure of the acyclic ketone affords the simultaneous reduction of both unsaturated bonds, C=C and C=O, forming also the saturated alcohol; as a consequence, maximum UOL yields of about 45% were obtained at 573 K from HTR of mesityl oxide. The unsaturated ketone conversion pathways toward UOL and other compounds also depended on the ketone structure. UOL formed on MgO as a primary product from both reactants 2-cyclohexenone and mesityl oxide, via a cyclic six-membered intermediate according to the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley mechanism. However the saturated alcohol was produced by consecutive UOL reduction in 2-cyclohexenone reactions but directly from mesityl oxide reduction. Reduction of the C=C bond toward the saturated ketone was negligible regardless of the reactant structure whereas competing reactions such as the C=C bond shift were more likely to contribute during reduction of the acyclic reactant.","palabras_clave":"ALPHA,BETA-UNSATURATE KETONE|REDUCTION|MgO|HYDROGEN TRANSFER|MEERWEIN-PONNDORF- VERLEY MECHANISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3614,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase plays a differential role in DNA damage-response and cell death pathways in Trypanosoma cruzi","resumen":"Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational modification of proteins. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) and poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolase (PARG) are the enzymes responsible for poly(ADP-ribose)polymer (PAR) metabolism and are present in most higher eukaryotes. The best understood role of PARP is the maintenance of genomic integrity either via promotion of DNA repair at low levels of genotoxic stress or via promotion of cell death at higher levels of damage. The unicellular eukaryote Trypanosoma cruzi, as opposed to humans and other organisms, has only one PARP (TcPARP) and one PARG (TcPARG). In the present study we show that under different DNA-damaging agents (H2O2 or UV-C radiation) TcPARP is activated and translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus, while TcPARG shows always a nuclear localization. Parasites in the presence of PARP or PARG inhibitors, as well as parasites overexpressing one of both enzymes, suggested that PAR metabolism could be involved in different phases of cell growth, even in the absence of DNA damage. We also provide the first evidence that different proteins would be poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated in response to different stimulus, leading to different cell death pathways. ","palabras_clave":"TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI|PARP|PARG|DNA REPAIR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3615,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of adjuvant perioperative desmopressin in locally-advanced canine mammary carcinoma","resumen":"Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a vasopressin peptide analog with hemostatic properties that has been successfully used during surgery in patients with bleeding disorders. Recently published experimental and clinical data indicate that perioperative administration of DDAVP can minimize spread and survival of residual mammary cancer cells. The central aim of this study was to explore the effect of perioperative DDAVP and its relation to histologic grade in bitches with locally advanced mammary carcinoma. Of the 32 dogs initially recruited, 28 intact bitches with mammary carcinoma tumors stage III or IV were ultimately included. These dogs were randomized to receive DDAVP at intravenous doses of 1 &#956;g\/kg (n=18) or saline solution as placebo (n=10). En bloc mastectomy of the affected gland(s) was performed. Tumor malignancy was graded by the method of Elston and Ellis into well-differentiated (grade 1), moderately differentiated (grade 2), or poorly differentiated (grade 3). DDAVP therapy significantly prolonged the disease-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.01) in bitches with grade 2 or 3 carcinomas compared with bitches in the control group. No significant difference in disease-free period or overall survival was found between treatment groups in bitches with grade 1 tumors. The present data suggest that DDAVP may be an excellent candidate as a surgical adjuvant in the management of aggressive cancers in small animals. More research in this field is warranted.","palabras_clave":"Vasopressin analog|Surgery|Dogs|Tumor aggressiveness"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3616,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Host range study of Argentine Nacobbus aberrans sensu Sher populations and comments on the differential host test","resumen":"abstractThe existence of races within the species Nacobbus aberrans sensu Sher has been con&#64257;rmed; however,there is no consensus on a consistent system for race determination. Four plant species previouslyused as differential hosts in some N. aberrans race tests (tomato, pepper, sugarbeet and potato) weretested for susceptibility to seven nematode populations from Argentina. Plants were inoculated withsecond-stage juveniles and kept under glasshouse conditions at 21 C for 90 days. The parametersevaluated (root gall index, egg mass index, and reproduction factor) in different nematode populationsand plants showed signi&#64257;cant differences. The reproductive &#64257;tness of the nematode populationsdiffered among the plants that showed some degree of susceptibility. The results showed thatN. aberrans comprises populations differing in host preference. Based on the nematode populations\u2019behaviour on these hosts, two groups were distinguished: i) populations that multiplied on all hosts,ii) populations that did not multiply on potato. The present work contributes to the analysis of criteriafor developing a differential host test. 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd","palabras_clave":"FALSE ROOT- KNOT NEMATODE|HOST-PARASITIC RELATIONSHIP|NEMATODE REPRODUCTION|RACES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3617,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Criterios de ensayo, interpretación e informe de las pruebas de sensibilidad a los antibióticos en los bacilos gram negativos no fermentadores de importancia clínica: recomendaciones de la Subcomisión de Antimicrobianos de la Sociedad Argentina de Bacteri","resumen":"    En este  documento se elaboraron una serie de recomendaciones para el ensayo, lectura,  interpretación e informe de las pruebas de sensibilidad a antimicrobianos para  los bacilos gram negativos no fermentadores (BGNNF) que se aíslan en humanos.  Se adoptaron como base las recomendaciones internacionales, las de la  Subcomisión de Antimicrobianos de la Sociedad Argentina de Bacteriología,  Micología y ParasitologíaClínicas y las de un grupo de expertos  invitados. Se incluye la nomenclatura actualizada de los BGNNF y&nbsp; algunas de sus características individuales,  las resistencias naturales y\/o habituales a los antimicrobianos de uso  clínico, y los mecanismos responsables de las mismas. También se recomiendan los agentes antimicrobianos que se deberían  ensayar para las distintas especies, su ubicación estratégica en las placas de  cultivo para poder detectar los mecanismos de resistencia más frecuentes y  relevantes, y cuáles deberían ser informados. Por último, &nbsp;se detallan los métodos de detección y de  confirmación fenotípica de la presencia de &#946;-lactamasas emergentes en nuestro  medio, como las carbapenemasas clases A y B.&nbsp;&nbsp;      &nbsp;","palabras_clave":"BACILOS GRAM NEGATIVOS NO FEREMNTADORES|PRUEBAS DE SENSIBILIDAD|ANTIMICROBIANOS |RESISTENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3618,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Single-step chemical extraction procedures and chemometrics for assessment of heavy metal behaviour in sediment samples from the Bah¨ªa Blanca estuary, Argentina","resumen":"Purpose The objective of this research was to study heavymetal mobility and availability in sediment samples. Arapid diagnosis about metal behaviour was performed usingthe combination of several single-step extraction proceduresand multi-way chemometric tools.Materials and methods Several single-step procedures formetal lixiviation¡ªammonium acetate, acetic acid, hydrochloricacid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N¡ä,N¡ä-tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriaceticacid¡ªwith increasing extracting power were simultaneouslyapplied to coastal surface sediment samples. Also,three certified reference materials for total metal concentrationswere analysed. The metals studied were Cd, Cr, Cu, Pband Zn because of their hazardous potential and relatedabundance in the estuary. The concentrations of metals weredetermined by inductively coupled plasma optical emissionspectrometry. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was usedto obtain a better visualization of the experimental data.Results and discussion Total heavy metal content in thesediment samples ranged from 1.19 to 3.01, 18.6 to 35.6,55.6 to 102, 20.4 to 79.2 and 70.2 to 508 mg kg&#8722;1 for Cd,Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. PARAFAC models withtwo factors describe the data sets appropriately (explainedvariance of 64.1% and core consistency of 95.4%). Cdappears in the surface sediment samples of Bah¨ªa Blancaestuary as the most easily interchangeable, pointing to apossible anthropogenic origin. However, the fractionextracted with ammonium acetate under neutral conditionsis low. On the other hand, acetic acid seems to be able toefficiently extract Cd, Cu and Zn. The largest proportionsof metals that can be mobilized by complexing reagentsbelong to the sample S2; Cd, Pb and Zn, and Cu to a lesserextent, appear to be efficiently separated by complexation.Cr appears to be the most difficult to extract, indicating alow mobility of coastal sediments.Conclusions The combination of single-step lixiviationprocedures and multivariate techniques provided usefulinformation about the sediment samples and a betterunderstanding about heavy metal mobility, availabilityand hazardousness. The information obtained was similarto the one recovered by sequential extraction procedures,but the time saved with the proposed methodology issignificantly Purpose The objective of this research was to study heavymetal mobility and availability in sediment samples. Arapid diagnosis about metal behaviour was performed usingthe combination of several single-step extraction proceduresand multi-way chemometric tools.Materials and methods Several single-step procedures formetal lixiviation¡ªammonium acetate, acetic acid, hydrochloricacid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N¡ä,N¡ä-tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriaceticacid¡ªwith increasing extracting power were simultaneouslyapplied to coastal surface sediment samples. Also,three certified reference materials for total metal concentrationswere analysed. The metals studied were Cd, Cr, Cu, Pband Zn because of their hazardous potential and relatedabundance in the estuary. The concentrations of metals weredetermined by inductively coupled plasma optical emissionspectrometry. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was usedto obtain a better visualization of the experimental data.Results and discussion Total heavy metal content in thesediment samples ranged from 1.19 to 3.01, 18.6 to 35.6,55.6 to 102, 20.4 to 79.2 and 70.2 to 508 mg kg&#8722;1 for Cd,Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. PARAFAC models withtwo factors describe the data sets appropriately (explainedvariance of 64.1% and core consistency of 95.4%). Cdappears in the surface sediment samples of Bah¨ªa Blancaestuary as the most easily interchangeable, pointing to apossible anthropogenic origin. However, the fractionextracted with ammonium acetate under neutral conditionsis low. On the other hand, acetic acid seems to be able toefficiently extract Cd, Cu and Zn. The largest proportionsof metals that can be mobilized by complexing reagentsbelong to the sample S2; Cd, Pb and Zn, and Cu to a lesserextent, appear to be efficiently separated by complexation.Cr appears to be the most difficult to extract, indicating alow mobility of coastal sediments.Conclusions The combination of single-step lixiviationprocedures and multivariate techniques provided usefulinformation about the sediment samples and a betterunderstanding about heavy metal mobility, availabilityand hazardousness. The information obtained was similarto the one recovered by sequential extraction procedures,but the time saved with the proposed methodology issignificantlyPurpose The objective of this research was to study heavymetal mobility and availability in sediment samples. Arapid diagnosis about metal behaviour was performed usingthe combination of several single-step extraction proceduresand multi-way chemometric tools.Materials and methods Several single-step procedures formetal lixiviation¡ªammonium acetate, acetic acid, hydrochloricacid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N¡ä,N¡ä-tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriaceticacid¡ªwith increasing extracting power were simultaneouslyapplied to coastal surface sediment samples. Also,three certified reference materials for total metal concentrationswere analysed. The metals studied were Cd, Cr, Cu, Pband Zn because of their hazardous potential and relatedabundance in the estuary. The concentrations of metals weredetermined by inductively coupled plasma optical emissionspectrometry. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was usedto obtain a better visualization of the experimental data.Results and discussion Total heavy metal content in thesediment samples ranged from 1.19 to 3.01, 18.6 to 35.6,55.6 to 102, 20.4 to 79.2 and 70.2 to 508 mg kg&#8722;1 for Cd,Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. PARAFAC models withtwo factors describe the data sets appropriately (explainedvariance of 64.1% and core consistency of 95.4%). Cdappears in the surface sediment samples of Bah¨ªa Blancaestuary as the most easily interchangeable, pointing to apossible anthropogenic origin. However, the fractionextracted with ammonium acetate under neutral conditionsis low. On the other hand, acetic acid seems to be able toefficiently extract Cd, Cu and Zn. The largest proportionsof metals that can be mobilized by complexing reagentsbelong to the sample S2; Cd, Pb and Zn, and Cu to a lesserextent, appear to be efficiently separated by complexation.Cr appears to be the most difficult to extract, indicating alow mobility of coastal sediments.Conclusions The combination of single-step lixiviationprocedures and multivariate techniques provided usefulinformation about the sediment samples and a betterunderstanding about heavy metal mobility, availabilityand hazardousness. The information obtained was similarto the one recovered by sequential extraction procedures,but the time saved with the proposed methodology issignificantly higher.","palabras_clave":"Heavy metals|ICP-OES|Parallel factor|Sediments . Single-step extraction procedures"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3619,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prostate cancer mortality trends in Argentina 1986-2006: an Age-Period-Cohort and Joinpoint analysis.","resumen":"The aim of this study was to give an overview of  the magnitude, variation by age and time trends  in the rates of prostate cancer mortality in Córdoba  province and in Argentina as a whole from  1986 to 2006. Mortality data were provided by  the Córdoba Ministry of Health and the World  Health Organization cancer mortality database.  Prostate cancer mortality time trends were analyzed  using joinpoint analysis and age-periodcohort  models. In Argentina prostate cancer  age-standardized mortality rates rose by 1% and  3.4% per year from 1986 to 1992 and from 1992  to 1998 respectively. There was a decreasing trend  (-1.6%) for Argentina from 1998 and Córdoba  (-1.9%) from 1995. Age-period-cohort models for  the country and the province showed a strong  age effect. In the country there was an increased  risk in the 1996-2000 period, whereas there was  decreased risk for birth cohorts since 1946, principally  in Córdoba. A decreasing trend in prostate  cancer mortality was found in Córdoba as well  as in Argentina, which might be attributed to the  improvement in treatment in this country.","palabras_clave":"PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS|MORTALITY RATE|MEN´S HEALTH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":3620,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins-2 and -3 in follicular cysts in bovine with cystic ovarian disease","resumen":"Ovarian cysts are one of the major causes of infertility in dairy cows. The development is associated with an endocrine imbalance in the hypothalamo\u2013hypophyseal\u2013gonadal axis in which endocrine factors participate in follicular growth and differentiation and in the  secretion of ovarian hormones. Insulin-like growth factor family are essential local regulators of ovarian follicle development and functionality and actions are mediated by binding protein activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression of IGFBP-2 and  IGFBP-3 in developing follicles of normal estrous cycling animals and with spontaneous and induced cystic ovarian disease (COD) to determine IGF bioavailability.","palabras_clave":"IGF|Ovario|Bovinos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":47674,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Apuntes sobre la vida cotidiana y  la cultura escolar normalista en un colegio nacional mixto durante década de 1950-1960","resumen":"El artículo analiza la vida cotidiana y la cultura académica &#9472;currículum, propuesta pedagógica, mecanismos disciplinarios&#9472; que le dieron entidad a un ex colegio nacional mixto fundado por el peronismo en el distrito de Morón hacia el año 1949 (oeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires). Siendo una institución  que dependía de la repartición central, consideramos que el estudio de caso ilumina una realidad más amplia permitiéndonos afirmar que el formato de colegio nacional estuvo permeado por una serie de dinámicas que se vincularon intrínsecamente con una propuesta escolar cuyo esquema lo hacía poco o nada permeable a lo diferente en el proceso socializador de los jóvenes y en el ejercicio de la docencia","palabras_clave":"normalismo|pedagogia|vida cotidiana|educacion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":49502,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"UTILIZACION DE LA RESISTENCIA GENÉTICA AL PULGON RUSO DEL TRIGO: ESTRATEGIA DE MANEJO FRENTE A LA INCIDENCIA DEL CAMBIO CLIMATICO EN LAS REGIONES TRIGUERAS SEMIÁRIDAS.","resumen":"El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el comportamiento de Diuraphis. noxia \u201CPulgón Ruso del Trigo\u201D (PRT), sobre líneas de trigo y cultivares diferenciales portadores de genes de resistencia, a los fines de determinar la composición biotípica del áfido en Argentina y de identificar genotipos de trigo con resistencia genética al PRT. Los 18 cultivares diferenciales y líneas Novel, se sembraron en invernáculo en un diseño aleatorizado con 2 repeticiones. Las observaciones se realizaron a los 21 y 51 días de la infestación. Se analizó por ANOVA y Test de Tuckey (a=0,05). Las líneas que presentaron mejor comportamiento fueron las líneas 14 y 1 (Noveles) de las cuales se desconoce los mecanismos y genes de resistencia. Mientras que los cultivares diferenciales portadores de genes de resistencia fueron moderadamente a muy dañados por las poblaciones Argentinas de PRT. Se infiere que en el país se encontraría un biotipo diferente a los presentes en EE.UU., y que el mismo es el resultado de la interacción del ambiente con el genotipo del áfido. Se concluye que los cultivares mejorados en otros países, pueden comportarse como susceptibles en nuestras condiciones ecológicas de cultivo. Las regiones semiáridas productoras de trigo de Argentina, podrían verse seriamente afectadas por la aparición de biotipos de PRT más agresivos y adaptados al nuevo ambiente, producto del cambio climático. Se propone desarrollar cultivares de trigo resistentes, adaptados a las poblaciones Argentinas del PRT y a las condiciones ecológicas del país, para mitigar dicho efecto.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Pulgón Ruso|Biotipos|Resistencia en trigo|Cultivares Diferenciales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":64225,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Editorial","resumen":"EN EL MARCO DE LOS CAMBIOS CURRICULARES Y LA NECESIDAD DE ADECUAR LAS CATEGORIAS DE ANALISIS A LAS CONDICIONES ACTUALES DE LOS ESTUDIOS HISTÓRICOS ES QUE COMO ACTIVIDAD DE CATEDRA SE PROPUSO LA ORGANIZACION DE UN EVENTO ANUAL DESTINADO AL ESTUDIO, DISCUSIÓN, REVISIÓN Y REELABORACIÓN DE LA DISCIPLINA: HISTORIA DE LA ARQUITECTURA EN EL MARCO DE LA FACULTAD DE ARQUITECTURA, URBANISMO Y DISEÑO DE LA UNC.  LOS RESULTADOS DE TALES JORNADAS SON EXPUESTOS EN LA PUBLICACIÓN DE LA REVISTA CORRESPONDIENTE AL AÑO DE REALIZACIÓN DEL SEMINARIO Y SOMETIDOS A EVALUACIÓN POR PARTE DE UN COMITATO CIENTÍFICO CONFORMADO POR MIEMBROS TANTO NACIONALES COMO INTERNACIONALES.","palabras_clave":"Antropología|Arqueología|Investigaciones|Casos de estudio"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":68369,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reduction of the ?burst release? of copper ions from copper-based Intrauterine Devices (IUD) by organic inhibitors","resumen":"Background: The copper intrauterine device (IUD) is a contraceptive method that is based on the release of copper ions from a copper wire. Immediately after the insertion the dissolution of copper in the uterine fluid is markedly higher (?burst release?) than that necessary for the contraception action, leading to a variety of harmful effects.   Study design: Pretreatments with organic compounds (thiourea (TU) and purine (PU), 10-4- 10-2 M concentration range, 1h and 3h immersion times) were tested. The dissolution of copper with and without pretreatments in TU and PU solutions was analysed by conventional electrochemical techniques and surface analysis.   Results:  Pretreatments in PU solutions reduce the initial corrosion rate of copper in simulated uterine solutions, with inhibitory efficiencies (IE) that depend on the PU concentration and on the immersion time assayed. IE values higher than 98% for pretreatments with &#61619;10-3 M PU were found. Conversely, after TU-pretreatments a high copper release was measured.  Conclusions: It was concluded that 10-3 M PU-pretreatment is a promising strategy able to reduce the ?burst release? of copper and to ensure the contraceptive action.","palabras_clave":"Intrauterine device|IUD|copper|burst release"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":72592,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Sitio Cueva del Negro: un caso de aprovechamiento intensivo de los recursos marinos en la Costa Norte de Santa Cruz (Patagonia Argentina","resumen":"En este trabajo se presentan algunos de los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento del análisis y el estudio de los materiales recuperados en el sitio Cueva del Negro, ubicado en el sector Sur de la ría Deseado, Provincia de Santa Cruz (Patagonia Argentina). Este sitio presenta como particularidad que puede ser caracterizado como conchero en cueva, siendo el primero de estas características en el área Costa Norte de Santa Cruz y, hasta el momento, el único en toda la costa continental argentina. Se realizaron varias excavaciones en distintos sectores para poder comenzar a construir una imagen de las características del registro arqueológico del sitio. De esta forma, se pretende comenzar a entender la depositación estratigráfica de los materiales en este sitio, y en última instancia la secuencia de ocupación. Se presentan los resultados parciales del análisis de los restos líticos, óseos y malacológicos recuperados en las excavaciones realizadas. Estos son evaluados, discutidos y contextualizados con el registro arqueológico del área y del resto de la costa patagónica, enfatizando las características particulares del sitio.","palabras_clave":"costa|cueva|conchero|cazadores recolectores"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":83955,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Sustentabilidad de modelos de uso de la tierra en unidades de paisaje de una cuenca del sur de Santa Fe, Argentina","resumen":"Los modelos de uso de la tierra en la región pampeana en las últimas décadas tuvieron grandes cambios, tanto en los aspectos tecnológicos como en los económicos, sociales y culturales. Estos cambios obligan a evaluar si aportan a la sustentabilidad del sector rural. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar en diferentes unidades de paisaje de una cuenca del sur de Santa Fe (Argentina), dos modelos de uso, monocultivo de soja y rotación trigo\/soja-maíz, a través del cálculo de los balances de energía, de nutrientes, de carbono y la eficiencia del uso del agua. La información se obtuvo de encuestas a productores. El balance de energía se calculó mediante los ingresos y egresos energéticos de insumos y biomasa, respectivamente, y el de nutrientes por diferencia de exportación y fertilización de nitrógeno, fósforo y azufre. Con un modelo de simulación se efectuó el balance de carbono y la eficiencia del uso del agua se estimó ajustando un modelo hidrológico con datos experimentales. Los parámetrosutilizados resultaron útiles para comparar ambos modelos y fueron condicionados por los atributos paisajísticos. La rotación resultó altamente superior al monocultivo de soja en todos los parámetros analizados y aporta, aunque parcialmente, a la sustentabilidad regional.","palabras_clave":"SUSTENTABILIDAD|TIERRAS|CUENCA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":86380,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Construcciones colectivas en torno a lo general. El caso de la divisibilidad y las descomposiciones multiplicativas","resumen":"Este trabajo se inscribe en una investigación que avanza en el análisis de la problemática de la generalización matemática como proceso de producción colectiva en la clase.Abordamos un episodio de clase que nos permite recortar dos procesos correlacionados con fuerte componente de emergencia en lo colectivo: por un lado, el proceso de argumentación respecto de la divisibilidad de un número y la relación entre el atributo de ser «divisible por» y la descomposición en factores que se conoce inicialmente; por otro lado, el de construcción de un procedimiento general para mostrar si un número es divisible por otro. En el marco de estos procesos, las nociones de transformación y de equivalencia de expresiones se reformulan y adquieren nuevas significaciones para los alumnos.","palabras_clave":"generalización, divisibilidad, procesos de interacción, procesos personales y colectivos."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":88828,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant activity of methimazole copper(II) bioactive species and spectroscopic investigations on the mechanism of its interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin","resumen":"Free radical-mediated oxidative stress has been implicated in numerous autoimmune disorders including  Graves? disease. Hyperthyroidism results in a marked increase in intracellular antioxidant enzymes  including superoxide dismutase. The later activity is significantly increased in untreated Graves? patients  while treatment with methimazole results in normalization of the free radical and antioxidant activity  indices. In this context, and considering the findings mentioned above, the aim of the present study  was to evaluate unknown biological activities of methimazole and its methimazole?copper(II) complex  investigating their superoxide scavenger power. Under the applied experimental conditions, methimazole  did not show superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity while the copper complexes exhibited a strong  superoxide radical scavenging capacity. Bearing in mind that the capacity of drugs to bind and\/or interact  with albumin is essential for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, a complete investigation  of the binding ability of both compounds by using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman and  Fluorescence spectroscopies, and UV?Vis spectrophotometry was included. Besides, in order to probe the  copper ligand environment the EPR spectra of such compounds were analyzed.","palabras_clave":"METHIMAZOLE|METHIMAZOLE-COPPER(II) COMPLEX|GRAVES DISEASE|EPR|FT-IR AND UV-VIS SPECTROSCOPIES|SOD ACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":89517,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Subjective Indicators of Personal Well-Being among Adolescents. Performance and Results for Different Scales in Latin-Language Speaking Countries: A Contribution to the International Debate'","resumen":"Subjective Indicators of Personal Well-Being among Adolescents. Performance and Results for Different Scales in Latin-Language Speaking Countries: A Contribution to the International Debate","palabras_clave":"bienestar subjetivo|indicadores|multi-items scale"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":89665,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'El valor de la vida del embrión en la jurisprudencia estadounidense y argentina'","resumen":"Se reseña la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema argentina y de otros tribunales en punto a la protección del valor de la vida del embrión.Derecho-Derecho","palabras_clave":"EMBRION|PROTECCION JURIDICA|DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL|DERECHO COMPARADO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":90338,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Onopordum acanthium L. (Asteraceae) flowers as coagulant agent for cheesemaking","resumen":"  By trituration in liquid nitrogen, homogenization in 0.1 mol\/L citric acidesodium citrate buffer (pH 3.0) containing 1.0 mmol\/L EDTA, and centrifugation (10000  g) of fresh Onopordum acanthium L. (Asteraceae) flowers, a proteolytic preparation (?onopordosin?) was obtained (pI 4.4), which showed proteolytic and clotting activity (0.546  0.004 Rennet Units\/g flowers and 0.090  0.003 Endopeptidase Units\/g flowers,  respectively) at acid pH values, conditions that favor its use in cheese manufacturing. Hydrolytic behavior (SDS-Tricine PAGE) of onopordosin was compared with that of chymosin in bovine milk clotting assays. Onopordosinwas used as vegetal coagulant with pasteurized bovine milk to manufacture a semi-hard type cheese whichwas analyzed by sensory panelists at the Experimental Superior Institute of Food Technology in Argentina, who evaluated different parameters and concluded that the quality of the cheese made with onopordosin was similar to that of commercial cheeses.esodium citrate buffer (pH 3.0) containing 1.0 mmol\/L EDTA, and centrifugation (10000  g) of fresh Onopordum acanthium L. (Asteraceae) flowers, a proteolytic preparation (?onopordosin?) was obtained (pI 4.4), which showed proteolytic and clotting activity (0.546  0.004 Rennet Units\/g flowers and 0.090  0.003 Endopeptidase Units\/g flowers,  respectively) at acid pH values, conditions that favor its use in cheese manufacturing. Hydrolytic behavior (SDS-Tricine PAGE) of onopordosin was compared with that of chymosin in bovine milk clotting assays. Onopordosinwas used as vegetal coagulant with pasteurized bovine milk to manufacture a semi-hard type cheese whichwas analyzed by sensory panelists at the Experimental Superior Institute of Food Technology in Argentina, who evaluated different parameters and concluded that the quality of the cheese made with onopordosin was similar to that of commercial cheeses.","palabras_clave":"Aspartic proteases|Bovine milk"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":90606,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Notch signaling proteins HES-1 and Hey-1 bind to insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) proximal promoter and repress its transcription and activity: implications for cellular A metabolism","resumen":"Cerebral amyloid &#946; (A&#946;) accumulation is pathogenically associated with sporadic Alzheimer?s disease (SAD). BACE-1 is involved in A&#946; generation while insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) partakes in A&#946; proteolytic clearance. Vulnerable regions in AD brains show increased BACE-1 protein levels and enzymatic activity while the opposite occurs with IDE. Another common feature in SAD brains is Notch1 overexpression. Here we demonstrate an increase in mRNA levels of Hey-1, a Notch target gene, and a decrease of IDE transcripts in the hippocampus of SAD brains as compared to controls. Transient transfection of Notch intracellular domain (NICD) in N2aSW cells, mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a) stably expressing human amyloid precursor protein (APP) Swedish mutation, reduce IDE mRNA levels, promoting extracellular Abeta accumulation. Also, NICD, HES-1 and Hey-1 overexpression result in decreased IDE proximal promoter activity. This effect was mediated by 2 functional sites located at -379\/-372 and -310\/-303 from the first translation start site in the -575\/-19 (556 bp) fragment of IDE proximal promoter. By site-directed mutagenesis of the IDE promoter region we reverted the inhibitoryeffect mediated by NICD transfection suggesting that these sites are indeed responsible for the Notch-mediated inhibition of the IDE gene expression. Intracranial injection of the Notch ligand JAG-1 in Tg2576 mice, expressing the Swedish mutation in human APP, induced overexpression of HES-1 and Hey-1 and reduction of IDE mRNA levels, respectively. Our results support that a Notch-dependent IDE transcriptional modulation may impact on Abeta metabolism providing a functional link between Notch signaling and the amyloidogenic pathway in SAD.","palabras_clave":"notch|Abeta|alzheimer"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":90866,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Field testing, gene flow assessment and pre-commercial studies on transgenic Solanum tuberosum spp. tuberosum (cv. Spunta) selected for PVY resistance in Argentina","resumen":"Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum (cv. Spunta) was transformed with a chimeric transgene containing the Potato virus Y (PVY) coat protein (CP) sequence. Screening for PVY resistance under greenhouse conditions yielded over 100 independent candidate lines. Successive field testing of selected lines allowed the identification of two genetically stable PVY-resistant lines, SY230 and SY233, which were further evaluated in field trials at different potato-producing regions in Argentina. In total, more than 2,000 individuals from each line were tested along a 6-year period. While no or negligible PVY infection was observed in the transgenic lines, infection rates of control plants were consistently high and reached levels of up to 70-80%. Parallel field studies were performed in virus-free environments to assess the agronomical performance of the selected lines. Tubers collected from these assays exhibited agronomical traits and biochemical compositions indistinguishable from those of the non-transformed Spunta cultivar. In addition, an interspecific out-crossing trial to determine the magnitude of possible natural gene flow between transgenic line SY233 and its wild relative Solanum chacoense was performed. This trial yielded negative results, suggesting an extremely low probability for such an event to occur.","palabras_clave":"FIELD EVALUATION|potato|spunta|PVY|COAT PROTEIN|TRANSGENIC|RESISTANCE|GENE FLOW"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":91681,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Biotecnología para el desarrollo y sostenibilidad agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino","resumen":"In 1994, a group whose aims were both scientific research and technological development was set up. This team was inspired by the increasingdemand of the agro-industrial sector in the North West of Argentina. Besides financial considerations inherent to the productive process, socialand environmental issues were borne in mind when research had to be carried out. The conceptual premises of scientific work were the study,preservation and a judicious use of biodiversity; equally important was the relentless search for phytosanitary management alternatives whichwere friendly to both humans and the environment. Thus, in 1997, the first National Program of Strawberry Genetic Breeding in Argentina startedat INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Tucumán. This Institute coordinated this program on a national level. Thanks to an agreement between INSIBIOand the Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), in 2002, the EEAOC?s Biotechnology Department, a Unit Associatedto INSIBIO, was founded. One of the main goals of this department was both to develop and adapt technologies to support institutional ongoingprograms which intended not only to increase productivity but also to confer more sustainability to those agro-industries related to sugar andalcohol, soybean and citrus. And most importantly, a new scientific and technological team constituted by professionals working with other groupsfrom different research centers nationwide came into existence. Their common goal has been the improvement of agro-industrial productiveprocesses in order to help build a society which is fair and equitable for both the present and the future.","palabras_clave":"BIOPRODUCTOS|CAÑA DE AZÚCAR|CITRUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":92146,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunological characteristics and two novel mutations in TACI in a cohort of 28 pediatric patients with common variable immunodeficiency","resumen":"Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by impaired immunoglobulin production. Mutations in the gene encoding TACI (TNFRSF13B) were previously found to be associated with CVID. Previous studies have identified a variety of sequence variants in TACI where A181E and C104R were the most common, with variable frequencies in different ethnic populations. So far, no mutations were identified in the recently reported 'TACI highly conserved' (THC) cytoplasmic domain, important for the induction of class switch recombination. Our study evaluated immunological and clinical data on a cohort of 28 Argentinean pediatric CVID patients and allowed the identification of two novel mutations in TNFRSF13B, including one, S231R, affecting the highly conserved THC domain. In contrast, none of the patients presented with A181E and C104R mutations.","palabras_clave":"Common Variable Immunodeficiency|TACI|mutations|pediatric"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":92242,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Body size variability of Varroa destructor and its role in acaricide tolerance","resumen":"Phenotypic plasticity has been defined as the ability of a genotype to produce different phenotypes when exposed to distinct environments throughout its ontogeny.Morphological variability of individuals is an example of this plasticity. Taking into account that several studies have reported a wide morphological variability in Varroa destructor populations, we evaluated if the body size plasticity of the parasite constituted a key factor able to modulate mites survival when they were exposed to a drug bioassays. Drug bioassays against mites were conducted using three different Syzygium aromaticum essential oil concentrations (0.5, 1,and 5 &#956;l\/capsule) and controls. After 4 h of exposition, mite mortality was registered. The width (WS) and length (LS) of the dorsal shield were measured in dead mites. General lineal models were carried to determine if V. destructor survival to acaricides was related to the explanatory variables.Data modelling confirmed that WS and LS variables,together with time interaction, were significantly related to V. destructor survival when the parasites were exposed to acaricides. The models proposed demonstrated that for the smaller S. aromaticum essential oil concentration, the larger the parasite body, the greater the probability that it remain salive at the end of the bioassay. Such relationship was inverse for the other two concentrations tested. Possible causes explaining the body size variability in V. destructor individuals were discussed.","palabras_clave":"variability|body size|Varroa destructor|acaricide tolerance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":92685,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A dimension reduction scheme for the computation of optimal unions of subspaces","resumen":"Given a set of points $F$ in a high dimensional space, the problem of finding a union of subspaces $cup_i V_isubset R^N$ that best explains the data $F$ increases dramatically with the dimension of $R^N$. In this article, we study a class of transformations that map the problem into  another one in lower dimension. We use the best model in the low dimensional space to approximate the best solution in the original high dimensional space. We then estimate the error produced between this solution and the  optimal solution in the high dimensional space.","palabras_clave":"SPARSITY|DIMENSION REDUCTION|PROJECTIVE CLUSTERING|CONCENTRATION INEQUALITIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":92757,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interaction of enterocyte FABPs with phospholipid membranes: clues for specific physiological roles","resumen":"Intestinal and liver fatty acid binding proteins (IFABP and LFABP, respectively) are cytosolic soluble proteins with the capacity to bind and transport hydrophobic ligands between different sub-cellular compartments. Their functions are still not clear but they are supposed to be involved in lipid trafficking and metabolism, cell growth, and regulation of several other processes, like cell differentiation. Here we investigated the interaction of these proteins with different models of phospholipid membrane vesicles in order to achieve further insight into their specificity within the enterocyte. A combination of biophysical and biochemical techniques allowed us to determine affinities of these proteins to membranes, the way phospholipid composition and vesicle size and curvature modulate such interaction, as well as the effect of protein binding on the integrity of the membrane structure. We demonstrate here that, besides their apparently opposite ligand transfer mechanisms, both LFABP and IFABP are able to interact with phospholipid membranes, but the factors that modulate such interactions are different for each protein, further implying different roles for IFABP and LFABP in the intracellular context. These results contribute to the proposed central role of intestinal FABPs in the lipid traffic within enterocytes as well as in the regulation of more complex cellular processes.","palabras_clave":"INTESTINAL FABPS|MEMBRANE INTERACTION|FATTY ACIDS|ENTEROCYTE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":93220,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Co-variabilidad de la temperatura superficial del mar entre cuencas del Hemisferio Sur","resumen":"En este trabajo se estudian relaciones estadísticasentre diferentes regiones de los océanos del Hemisferio Sur en todo el espaciotiempo-frecuencia durante los últimos cincuenta años aplicando la metodologíade transformada ondeletas de coherencia a promedios anuales de anomalíasmensuales de temperatura superficial del mar. Entre los resultados másrelevantes encontrados debe mencionarse que las regiones del oeste y centro delPacífico tropical tienen una estrecha relación en oscilaciones menores a 8 añosy en oscilaciones alrededor de 12 años pero notables desacoples son detectadosen el resto del espacio de frecuencias. Por otra parte, la relación entre lasregiones del oeste y del este del Pacífico tropical es significativa sólo enoscilaciones menores a 8 años con una clara interrupción durante la década de1980. Importantes conexiones en oscilaciones interdecadales son detectadasentre las regiones del oeste y centro del Pacifico subtropical. En el OcéanoAtlántico se encuentran relaciones significativas en un amplio rango defrecuencias entre las regiones del oeste y, especialmente, entre las regionestropicales mientras que en el Océano Indico solo se observan relacionesimportantes entre áreas subtropicales en oscilaciones decadales e interdecadales.El análisis también revela fuertes conexiones entre las tres cuencas oceánicasen diferentes bandas de frecuencia.","palabras_clave":"TEMPERATURA DEL MAR|ONDELETAS DE COHERENCIA|TELECONEXIONES DEL HEMISFERIO SUR|VARIABILIDAD CLIMATICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":93243,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Optimization and in vitro toxicity evaluation of G4 PAMAM dendrimer-risperidone complexes","resumen":"Risperidone is an approved antipsychotic drug belonging to the chemical class of benzisoxazole. This drug has low solubility in aqueous medium and poor bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism and high protein binding (&gt;90%). As new strategies to improve treatments efficiency are needed, we have studied cationic G4 PAMAM dendrimers\u2019 performance to act as efficient nanocarriers for this therapeutic drug. In this respect, we explored dendrimererisperidone complexation dependence on solvent, temperature, pH and salt concentration, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity measured on L929 cell line and human red blood cells. The best dendrimererisperidone incorporation was achieved when a mixture of 70:30 and 90:10 v\/v chloroform:methanol was used, obtaining 17 and 32 risperidone molecules per dendrimer, respectively. No cytotoxicity on L929 cells was found when dendrimer concentration was below 3 x 10 -2 µM and risperidone concentration below 5.1 µM. Also, no significant hemolysis or morphological changes were observed on human red blood cells. Finally, attempting to obtain an efficient drug delivery system for risperidone, incorporation in G4 PAMAM dendrimers was optimized, improving drug solubility with low cytotoxicity. ","palabras_clave":"POLY(AMIDOAMINE) DENDRIMERS|PAMAM G4|RISPERIDONE|CYTOTOXICITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":93603,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Pobreza, calidad de vida y fragmentación territorial en la provincia de Formosa en el año 2001","resumen":"    En el trabajo se analiza la distribución espacial de la pobreza y la calidad de vida en la provincia de Formosa en el año 2001. Se estudian las relaciones que adquieren ambos fenómenos en la jurisdicción con mayores carencias del país. Se entienden dichas manifestaciones espaciales -expresadas en una marcada fragmentación territorial- como uno de los resultados del proceso de territorialización y ocupación del espacio que caracterizara el área durante gran parte del transcurso del s XX. La hipótesis sugiere que el nivel departamental esconde heterogeneidades que solo pueden observarse en menores niveles de desagregación de la información. Finalmente se identifican islas de pobreza y localidades asentadas en los sitios de mayor nivel de carencias. ","palabras_clave":"Formosa|Pobreza|Calidad de vida|Fragmentación territorial"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94028,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sauter mean diameter determination for the fine fraction of suspended sediments using a LISST-25X diffractometer","resumen":"The LISST-25X ability for measuring the Sauter mean diameter of the fine fraction of sediment samples, SMDf, is evaluated. A simple algorithm to determine the SMDf is proposed.The algorithm is based on the standard output variables from the LISST-25X diffractometer: Sauter mean diameter of the complete sample, SMDt; Sauter mean diameter of thecoarse fraction, SMDg; total suspended sediment concentration, SSCt, and coarse suspendedsediment concentration, SSCg. Validation is performed in the laboratory by contrasting algorithm results from complete sediment samples against LISST SMDt measurements made on the fine fraction of the samples. A second validation is performed by comparison between algorithm results and Malvern measurements on the same samples. The samples are from the Salado River (Argentina) and the Paraná River (Argentina). Their SMDt range from 10 &#956;m to 70 &#956;m.Results indicate that the algorithm determines the Sauter mean diameter of the fine fraction in a reliable way, with average differences of 1.4 &#956;m (algorithm-LISST comparison) and 3.4                                                                                                                                        <w:LsdException Locked='false' Priority='66' SemiHidd","palabras_clave":"SAUTER_MEAN_DIAMETER|FINE_FRACTION| LISST-25X"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94044,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"UV-B and ABA application have additive effects on berry skins profiles of anthocyanins and non-anthocyanins phenols across the fruit development of field grown Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec grapevines","resumen":"It has been previously found that abscisic acid (ABA) participates in the activation of grapevine leaf tissue defense  against potentially damaging effects of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), apparently by triggering biosynthesis of phenols that  filter the harmful radiation and act as antioxidants. The present work studies the effect of solar UV-B and exogenously applied ABA  on berry growth, sugar accumulation, and phenol (anthocyanin and nonanthocyanin) profiles across berry development and  ripening of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec in a vineyard at 1450 m of altitude. The grapevines were exposed to relatively high UV-B irradiation (normal sunlight; +UV-B) and also to a reduced UV-B treatment (filter exclusion;UV-B). These two UV-B treatments  were combined with weekly spray applications to the leaves and berries of 1 mM ABA (+ABA) or H2O (ABA). Reduction of UV-B  delayed berry development and maturation, whereas the +UV-B and þABA combined treatment hastened berry sugar and phenol  accumulation. þUV-B\/þABA treatments also reduced berry growth and decreased sugar per berry without affecting sugar  concentration (Brix) at harvest. Berry skin ABA levels were higher in the þUV-B and þABA combined treatment, which also  hastened the onset of ripening up to 20 days. Berry skin ABA levels then decreased toward harvest, implying a possible role for ABA  in the control of ripening in this nonclimacteric fruit. Under both þUV-B and þABA treatments berry skin phenols were additively  increased with a change in anthocyanin and nonanthocyanin profiles and increases in the proportion of phenols with high  antioxidant capacity.","palabras_clave":"UV-B|ABA|phenolics|grape"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94374,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Coupling between Light and Terahertz-Frequency Acoustic Phonons in Ferroelectric BaTiO3 \/SrTiO3 Superlattices","resumen":"The acoustic phonons in epitaxial ferroelectric (BaTiO3 )n \/(SrTiO3 )m superlattices (SLs)are investigated by high-resolution ultraviolet Raman scattering. The temperature depen-dence of the folded acoustic (FA) phonon Raman intensity through the ferroelectric transitionis addressed. A comparison of this behavior between SLs with different number of ferroelectric BaTiO3 unit cells n and spacer SrTiO3 unit cells m is presented. A mechanism involvingthe strain modulation of the spatially varying ferroelectric polarization is introduced toexplain the temperature dependence of the FA phonon scattering. The temperature depen-dence of the polarization can be derived from an analysis of the &#64257;rst-order optical phononspectra. Using this information, the observed temperature dependence of the whole set ofSLs with di&#64256;erent n can be consistently accounted for with the presented model. Atomisticshell-model simulations of the spatial pattern of the SL polarization are presented to explainthe variation of the FA-spectral intensity for SLs with di&#64256;erent m and the experimental factthat no high-order FA-replicas are observed. These results demonstrate the strong couplingbetween THz hypersound, charge, and light in these multifunctional nanoscale ferroelectrics.","palabras_clave":"multifunctional ferroelectrics|nanostructures|high-resolution ultraviolet Raman scattering"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94431,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of phytoremediation and application of organic amendment on the mobility of heavy metals in a polluted soil profile","resumen":"This research aims to assess the effect of the application of biosolids compost and phytoremediation on the mobility of total and biodisponibles (DTPA) fractions of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc from different horizons of a superficially contaminated soil. Leaching experiment in soil columns was proposed. Treatments contemplated application of compost biosolid and phytoremediation. Two destructive samplings were performed. Total and DTPA trace metals were identified in each horizon. The overall performance of the various elements in its total and DTPA forms show greater concentration in horizon A and fewer gradients between horizons Bt and BC, thus assuming that the high content of clay in horizon Bt (62.9%) limits its movement through the horizons. In the mobile nutrients, a greater mobility was evidenced in DTPA fractions if compared to Total fractions. In the horizon A, the more mobile metals, such as Zn and Cd, evidenced a greater percentage of DTPA\/Total fractions in all treatments. The application of compost with or without plant diminished the mobilization of Zn, Cu, and Cd Total, thus limiting a potential leaching to inferior horizons. However, this effect was not observed in the DTPA fraction.KEY WORDS:&nbsp;biosolid compost,&nbsp;Cd,&nbsp;Cu,&nbsp;Pb,&nbsp;Zn","palabras_clave":"biosolid compost|fitoremediation|leaching|soil texture"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94668,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos in highly inclined events at the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"The Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to neutrinos of all flavors above0.1 EeV. These interact through charged and neutral currents in the atmosphere giving rise to extensive airshowers. When interacting deeply in the atmosphere at nearly horizontal incidence, neutrinos can bedistinguished from regular hadronic cosmic rays by the broad time structure of their shower signals in the water-Cherenkov detectors. In this paper we present for the first time an analysis based on down-going neutrinos. We describe the search procedure, the possible sources of background, the method to compute the exposure and the associated systematic uncertainties. No candidate neutrinos have been found in data collected from 1 January 2004 to 31 May 2010. Assuming an E^-2 differential energy spectrum the limit on the single-flavor neutrino is E2dN=dE&lt;1:74  107GeVcm2s1sr1 at 90% C.L. in the energy range 1  1017eV&lt;E&lt;1  1020eV","palabras_clave":"neutrinos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94790,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Winter establishment of the alien annual Schismus barbatus is not affected by insect herbivory in Northern-Central Monte Desert","resumen":"We studied the effect of ant herbivory on the establishment and survival of the annual plant Schismus barbatus. We hypothesized that ants may control this species when biomass of native plants is generally alow during their vegetative period. We predicted that ant herbivory will decrease plant survival and reproduction. We tested our prediction with an insect exclosure experiment in a sandy desert of Northern-Central Monte.  We found more than 12 000 established seedlings per square meter on early May, after two consecutive rain pulses of ca. 20 mm each. Overall, we found that almost 75% of recruited plants survived by the end of the cool season (September), and that 22e24% of the initially established plants survived as mature reproductive plants by the end of the growing season (December). Contrary to our expectation, insect herbivory did not affect plant establishment, plant survival or the proportion of flowering and  fruiting individuals of S. barbatus.  The large number of seedlings reported, the ability to exploit a temporal window free of plant competitors and enemies, and the availability of microsites where this species can succeed, all suggest that S. barbatus may have the potential to become an important plant invader in the Monte Desert.","palabras_clave":"Alien plant establishment|Herbivory control|Winter annual|Summer desert|Plant reproduction|Exclosure experiment"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94873,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mechanical doping of ZnO powders","resumen":"Massive Zn1&#8722;xFexO ternary oxides were prepared by mechanical milling from different starting materials as Fe2O3, -Fe or FeO. The influence of different preparation conditions, such as initial concentrations,  atmosphere and milling times on final products was investigated. The structure evolution and dopant incorporation in the wurtzite crystalline structure with milling time was analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction. The sample?s magnetic character investigated by measurements in a Quantum Design MPMS-5S superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer consists of two superimposed signals, a ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic one.","palabras_clave":"MECHANICAL ALLOYING|IMPURITIES IN SEMICONDUCTORS|NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS|MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":94891,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Successful treatment of metastatic retinoblastoma with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue in South America","resumen":"High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by autologous stem cell rescue (ASCR) is the only curative treatment for metastatic retinoblastoma, but its feasibility in developing countries is unknown. We report 11 consecutive children (six unilateral) treated in three South-American middle-income countries with HDC-ASCR. One patient had metastatic retinoblastoma at diagnosis and the remaining ones had a metastatic relapse. Metastatic sites included BM=6, bone=4, orbit=5 and central nervous system (CNS)=4. All patients received induction with conventional chemotherapy achieving CR at a median of 5.7 months from the diagnosis of metastasis. Conditioning regimens included carboplatin and etoposide with thiotepa in six or with CY in four or melphalan in one patient. All patients engrafted after G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood ASCR and no toxic deaths occurred. Two children received post-ASCR CNS radiotherapy. Seven children have disease-free survival (median follow-up 39 months). CNS relapse, isolated (n=3) or with systemic relapse (n=1), occurring at a median of 7 months after ASCT was the most common event. In the same period, five children with metastatic retinoblastoma did not qualify for HDC-ASCR and died. We conclude that HDC-ASCR is a feasible and effective treatment for children with metastatic retinoblastoma in middle-income countries.","palabras_clave":"Retinoblastoma|Bone marrow transplantation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":95222,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Galacto-oligosaccharides as protective molecules in the preservation of  Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus","resumen":"In this work, the protective capacity of galacto-oligosaccharides in the preservation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIDCA 333 was evaluated. Lactobacillus bulgaricus was freeze-dried or dried over silica gel in the presence of three commercial products containing galacto-oligosaccharides. The freeze-dried samples were stored at 5 and 25 C for different periods of time. After desiccation, freeze-drying or storage, samples were rehydrated and bacterial plate counts were determined. According to the results obtained, all galacto-oligosaccharides assays demonstrated to be highly efficient in the preservation of L. bulgaricus. The higher content of galacto-oligosaccharides in the commercial products was correlated with their higher protective capacity. Galacto-oligosaccharides are widely known by their prebiotic properties. However, their role as protective molecules have not been reported nor properly explored up to now. In this work the protective capacity of galacto-oligosaccharides in the preservation of L. bulgaricus, a strain particularly sensitive to any preservation process, was demonstrated. The novel role of galacto-oligosaccharides as protective molecules opens up several perspectives in regard to their applications. The supplementation of probiotics with galacto-oligosaccharides allows the production of self-protected synbiotic products, galacto-oligosaccharides exerting both a prebiotic and protecting effect.","palabras_clave":"Freeze-drying|Lactobacillus bulgaricus|Galacto-oligosaccharides|Preservation; Prebiotics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":95303,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EVALUACIÓN DE LOS SISTEMAS COMERCIALES AUTOMATIZADOS VITEK 2 Y  API 20NE PARA LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE ORGANISMOS DEL COMPLEJO BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA AISLADOS DE MUESTRAS CLÍNICAS","resumen":"Evaluation of commercial systems VITEK 2 and API 20NE for identification of Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria from clinical samples. Species belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) are capable of causing chronic respiratory tract infections in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis as wel as in immunocompromised individuals.Most of these species are highly resistant to antibiotic therapy, generating the need for their rapid and accurate detection for the proper treatment and clinical management of these patients. In this wok, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique based on the amplification of the recA gene (PCR-recA) was applied for an accurate identification of bacteria belonging to the BCC. Sensitivity (S) and specificity (E) of two biochemically-based commercial automated systems,API 20NE and VITEK 2 (bioMérieux®), and of the most representative biochemical manual tests for the identification of the Burkholderia cepacia complex were herein evaluated. The commercial systems VITEK 2 and API 20NE showed the following sensitivity and specificity vaues for identification to the species level, S: 71.1 %, E: 100 %, S: 69.7 %, E: 90.2 %, respectively. More complex results were observed for phenotypic manual tests, since BCC bacteria can undergo selective pressure to survive in chronic patients causing the loss of their typical phenotypic characteristics.The PCR-recA technique was easy to implement even in medium - complexity clinical diagnostic laboratories.","palabras_clave":"complejo Burkholderia cepacia|fibrosis quística|PCR, gen recA|VITEK 2 compact"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":95920,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermal behavior of the Cu\u201322.55 at.%Al alloy with small Ag additions","resumen":"        In this study the  effect of Ag additions on the thermal behavior of the Cu\u201322.55 at.%Al  alloy was studied using electrical resistivity measurements, in situ X-ray  diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, and optical microscopy. The  results indicated that Ag additions do not change the phase transformations  sequence in the studied alloys, but modify its critical temperatures due to a  change on entropy of system. It was verified that at the cooling rate of 10 K\/min  the decomposition of &#946; phase into (&#945; + &#947;1) is incomplete,  but for lower cooling rates than 1.0 K\/min this reaction is completed. ","palabras_clave":"A. alloys|D. phase transitions"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":96161,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of caspule size on the in vitro activity of antifungal agents against Cryptococcus neoformans variety grubii clinical strains","resumen":"NA","palabras_clave":"Capsule|In vitro|Antifungals|Cryptococcus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":96176,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Environmental factors influencing the geographical distribution of the lesser rhea in southern Argentine Patagonia","resumen":"The Lesser Rhea (Rhea pennata pennata) has suffered a marked decline in numbers over recent decades,probably mainly as a result of livestock production and overhunting. Our aim was to investigate the factors that determine thedistribution of Lesser Rheas in southern Patagonia and to generate a predictive regional distribution map. We surveyed8000 km of roads and sighted 795 Lesser Rhea individuals or flocks. We also estimated environmental predictors fromremotely sensed data and analysed the occurrence of Lesser Rheas in relation to these predictors. The predictors weexaminedwere associated with four hypotheses explaining the distribution of Lesser Rheas: the persecution by ranchers, primaryproductivity, topography, and anthropogenic disturbance hypotheses. We built models for each hypothesis. Our resultssuggest that the distribution of Lesser Rheas is not negatively affected by persecution by ranchers, as the species is moreabundant in areas with high stocking levels of sheep, but is positively influenced by primary productivity and negatively bythe proximity of human habitation. The resulting distributionmap can be used as a management tool for government agenciesand highlights the conservation priorities for managing this declining and emblematic species.","palabras_clave":"Argentina |Large-scale habitat models|Ratite ecology|Species distribution maps"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":96294,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATIONS IN A NON-LIPSCHITZ DOMAIN: PART II","resumen":"In [2] the finite element method was applied to a non-homogeneous Neumann prob-lem on a cuspidal domain ­ $Omega subset&nbsp; R^2$, and quasi-optimal order error estimates in the energy norm were obtained for certain graded meshes. In this paper, we study the error in the $L^2$&nbsp; norm obtaining similar results by using graded meshes of the type considered in [2]. Since many classical results in the theory Sobolev spaces do not apply to the domain under consideration, our estimates require a particular duality treatment working on appropriate weighted spaces.On the other hand, since the discrete domain ­$Omega_h$ verfies&nbsp; $Omega \\subset Omega_h$, in [2] the source term of the Poisson problem was taken equal to 0 outside ­ in the variational discrete formulation. In this article we also consider the case in which this condition does not hold and obtain more general estimates, which can be useful in diferent problems, for instance in the study of the efect of numerical integration, or in eigenvalue approximations.","palabras_clave":"CUSPIDAL DOMAINS|FINITE ELEMENTS|GRADED MESHES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":96320,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Viscoelasticity, texture and ultrastructure of cut apple as affected by sequential anti-browning and ultraviolet-C light treatments","resumen":"The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of UV-C radiation (fluence: 11.2 kJ\/m2), with or without an anti-browning pretreatment containing 1% (w\/v) ascorbic acid plus 0.1% (w\/v) calcium chloride, on the linear viscoelastic properties (oscillatory shear and creep\/recovery), instrumental texture (TPA), sensory texture and ultrastructure (ESEM, TEM) of cut apple. Changes in structural features and viscoelastic parameters were mainly evidenced after refrigerated storage. All samples showed a viscoelastic solid behavior with the storage modulus (G´) dominating the viscoelastic response. Overall, both dynamic moduli decreased, and instantaneous compliance (J0), decay compliances (J1 and J2) and fluidity significantly increased after treatments and storage at 5 ºC, while retardation times were in general constant. Fracture properties proved to be the most highly correlated with sensory texture. The test panel only significantly differentiated stored untreated apple from the other samples regarding fracturability and juiciness. Mechanical spectra and creep parameters showed ability to evidence ultrastructural differences (rupture of membranes, swelling of cells, alteration of cell walls) in the surface of cut apples subjected to the different treatments. ","palabras_clave":"UV-C LIGHT|ANTI-BROWNING DIPPING CUT APPLE|TEXTURE|STRUCTURE|VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97055,"idioma_id":6,"titulo":"PHARMACOCINETIQUE ET BIODISPONIBILITE DE FOSFOMYCINE CHEZ LE POULET DE CHAIR.","resumen":"La pharmacocinétique et biodisponibilité de deux formulations de fosfomycine (fosfomycine disodique et fosfomycine calcique) ont été étudiées chez le poulet de chair. Les concentrations plasmatiques de fosfomycine ont été mesurées par chromatographie liquide haute performance (HPLC) couplée à une spectrométrie de masse en tandem (HPLC ? SM\/SM). Après administration d?un bolus intraveineux, la demi-vie d?élimination chez le poulet de chair est environ 1,4 h et le volume de distribution 231 ml\/kg. Après absorption de fosfomycine par voie orale les valeurs de Cmax, Tmax, AUC(0-24) et biodisponibilité (F) sont respectivement 29,8 &#956;g\/ml, 2,0 h, 125 &#956;g.h\/ml et 39,3 %. Après l?administration par voie intramusculaire, les valeurs obtenues  sont 20,7 &#956;g\/ml, 0,8 h, 65,1 &#956;g.h\/ml et 82 % pour la Cmax, Tmax,  AUC(0-24) et biodisponibilité (F) respectivement. En considérant une  CIM90= 8 &#956;g\/ml pour la fosfomycine sur des souches de E.coli chez le poulet de chair, les rapports AUC0-24\/CMI90 calculés pour la fosfomycine administrée par voie orale et intramusculaire sont de 15,6 et 8,1 ce qui suggère une efficacité thérapeutique insuffisante in vivo lors d´une administration unique. Pour cette raison, il a été récemment proposé d?utiliser sur des souches sensibles de E.coli, une dose orale de charge de 40 mg\/kg de fosfomycine disodique administrée dans l´eau de boisson, suivie d´une nouvelle administration de 40 mg\/kg 8 h plus tard (soit 80 mg\/kg par jour).","palabras_clave":"POULET DE CHAIR|FOSFOMYCINE|PHARMACOCINETIQUE|BIODISPONIBILITÉ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97096,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of limestone content, gypsum content and fineness on early age properties of Portland limestone cement produced by inter-grinding","resumen":"This paper examines the behavior of Portland limestone cements (PLCs) made by inter-grinding clinker, gypsum and limestone in a full size-cement plant, while varying the content of limestone filler (LF ? 0% and 24%), content of gypsum (GC ? 2.5% and 5.0%) and PLC fineness, measured as that fraction retained on a 45 &#956;m sieve (R45 ? 5% and 18%). The influence of the combined action of these variables on the particle size distribution (PSD) and early age properties of blended cement was studied using a 23 experimental design. Fineness evaluated by the parameters of the Rosin?Rammler?Springer?Bennett (RRSB) distribution function shows that the uniformity index (n-parameter) depends strongly on LF content; while the characteristic diameter (x&#8242;-parameter) depends on R45 and LF content. As for the inter-grinding process, water demand is reduced by incorporation of LF and increased by reduction of R45, producing a compensation. Setting time is mainly affected by R45; LF produces a few modifications and the influence of gypsum content and gypsum?limestone interaction are not as obvious. Calorimetry studies show that LF decreases the height of the main peak and the total heat released, while gypsum content modifies the time of acceleration and the post-peak hydration, specifically for fine cements. In accordance, chemical shrinkage decreases when R45, LF content and gypsum content increase. Up to 2 days, strength is mainly governed by the R45 and the LF in PLC, which act inversely. At early ages, the influence of gypsum content on early properties increases up to 48 h. XRD analysis shows its stimulation of calcium silicate hydration during the first hours and ettringite formation after 24 h.","palabras_clave":"Limestone filler |Hydration heat|Inter-grinding|Fineness|Early strength"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97210,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"VIRUS WEST NILE EN ARGENTINA: UN AGENTE INFECCIOSO EMERGENTE QUE PLANTEA NUEVOS DESAFÍOS","resumen":"The West Nile virus, a human pathogen flavivirus, has recently shown an emergingprocess through the American continent. Since its introduction in 1999 into the United States, it became a concerned pathogen for wild bird populations, because of massive bird deaths events and significant bird population declines. By 2001 the virus has reached countries in South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The true role of this virus as pathogen for wild birds there is unknown, mainly due to the lack of active surveillance systems. Notwithstanding, there is no epizootic event reported yet, in contrast with the epidemiological behaviour of the virus in the United States. In Argentina, its ecoepidemiology is mostly unknown and it has received little attention from ornithologists. There are reports of viral isolations from dead equines, encephalitis and febrile human cases, as well as neutralizing antibodies detections in wild birds in central andnorthern provinces. In this review we provide an updated analysis regarding the ecoepidemiology of West Nile virus, and we give basic insights related to basic virological and epidemiological concepts in order to call the attention of ornithologists on the relationship between pathogens and bird conservation biology. Stronger support on interdisciplinary scientific projects is necessary to provide insight into the biology, ecology and epidemiology of this new viral pathogen in the American continent.","palabras_clave":"West Nile|Epizootia|Ecoepidemiología|Flavivirus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97224,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rosuvastatin Preserves Renal Structure following Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction in the Neonatal Rat","resumen":"Background\/Aims: Unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) in neonatal rodents can be used as a paradigm for in utero obstruction in humans and a platform for studying the potential of novel therapies for congenital obstructive nephropathy. The present study examined the effect of rosuvastatin (Ros) on key morphometric measures of renal injury and corresponding gene expression correlates following neonatal UUO in the rat. Methods: Neonatal rats subjected to UUO and controls were treated daily with vehicle or Ros for 14 days. Quantification of tubular dilatation, glomerular size and number and tubulointerstitial fibrotic area was performed and changes validated by reference to appropriate renal gene expression correlates. Results: UUO increased tubular diameter and interstitial fibrosis by 2.7- and 7-fold, respectively, in parallel with increases in renal transforming growth factor-&#946;1 (TGF-&#946;1) and tumor necrosis factor-&#945; (TNF-&#945;) mRNA levels. Glomerular number and size were reduced by 52 and 33%, respectively. Reductions in WT-1 mRNA and protein expression were noted following obstruction occurring in tandem with reduced mRNA levels for BMP-7 and E-cadherin. Ros attenuated tubular dilatation (33%) and interstitial fibrosis (72%) in association with the normalization of renal TGF-&#946;1 and TNF-&#945; mRNA levels. Ros improved glomerular number and size (30 and 50%), and preserved mRNA and protein expression levels of WT-1 and normalized mRNA levels for BMP-7 and E-cadherin. Conclusions: Ros treatment attenuated all changes, most notably the increase in interstitial fibrosis. Notably, Ros treatment was unable to completely salvage glomerular development. Together these data highlight the therapeutic potential and limitations of Ros in neonatal obstruction.","palabras_clave":"NEONATAL UNILATERAL URETERAL OBSTRUCTION|NEPHROGENIC MARKERS|ROSUVASTATIN|FIBROSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97243,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Acacia blanca (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) y Acacia negra (Gleditsia triacanthos L.): aspectos tecnológicos relacionados al empleo en productos de madera maciza","resumen":"  Robinia pseudoacacia L. y Gleditsia triacanthos L, son especies originarias de EEUU e introducidas en Europa.  En la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, existen plantaciones dispersas de dichas especies cuyas maderas no han  sido caracterizadas tecnológicamente mediante ensayos estandarizados. El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar tecnológicamente  la madera de las dos especies con vista a su incorporación en el mercado maderero. Las propiedades  físicas y mecánicas determinadas han sido: contenido de humedad, densidades aparentes, cambios dimensionales, dureza  Janka, flexión estática, corte paralelo a las fibras, compresión perpendicular y paralela a las fibras. Fue estimada  la durabilidad natural. Las maderas de acacia blanca y de acacia negra resultaron semipesadas, de estabilidad media,  duras, resistentes al corte y a la compresión perpendicular a las fibras y presentaron valores medios a bajos en los  parámetros de flexión estática y compresión paralela a las fibras, valores a tener en cuenta para el diseño de elementos  estructurales. La acacia blanca resultó la más resistente a la degradación fúngica. Ambas maderas pueden ser consideradas  aptas para usos de alto valor en las industrias de la construcción y del mueble (interior y exterior).L. y Gleditsia triacanthos L, son especies originarias de EEUU e introducidas en Europa.  En la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, existen plantaciones dispersas de dichas especies cuyas maderas no han  sido caracterizadas tecnológicamente mediante ensayos estandarizados. El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar tecnológicamente  la madera de las dos especies con vista a su incorporación en el mercado maderero. Las propiedades  físicas y mecánicas determinadas han sido: contenido de humedad, densidades aparentes, cambios dimensionales, dureza  Janka, flexión estática, corte paralelo a las fibras, compresión perpendicular y paralela a las fibras. Fue estimada  la durabilidad natural. Las maderas de acacia blanca y de acacia negra resultaron semipesadas, de estabilidad media,  duras, resistentes al corte y a la compresión perpendicular a las fibras y presentaron valores medios a bajos en los  parámetros de flexión estática y compresión paralela a las fibras, valores a tener en cuenta para el diseño de elementos  estructurales. La acacia blanca resultó la más resistente a la degradación fúngica. Ambas maderas pueden ser consideradas  aptas para usos de alto valor en las industrias de la construcción y del mueble (interior y exterior).  ","palabras_clave":"CONSTRUCCIÓN|DURABILIDAD|MUEBLES|PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS|RESISTENCIA MECÁNICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97309,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Ética de la investigación con personas","resumen":"En toda investigación conviven aspectos técnicos metodológicos, aspectos científicos y aspectos sociales. En investigaciones con personas, no es suficiente solicitar el consentimiento informado para decir que se respetó la ética de la investigación. La consideración y constitución ética del trabajo científico y el respeto por la persona, participante del estudio, es primordial.","palabras_clave":"BIOÉTICA|INVESTIGACIÓN|PERSONA HUMANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97341,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"VULNERABILIDAD AMBIENTAL EN CUENCAS  HIDROGRÁFICAS SERRANAS MEDIANTE SIG","resumen":"La degradación de los   suelos se acentúa en presencia de riesgos  ambientales, producto de la   conjunción de un fenómeno natural extremo y de  acciones antrópicas,   dentro de un espacio y tiempo determinado. El objetivo  del estudio fue   zonificar la vulnerabilidad ambiental en cuencas hidrográficas  serranas   mediante uso de SIG. El área de estudio fue la Cuenca Alta del Río    Sauce Grande, en el sudoeste de Buenos Aires, Argentina. El modelo    cartográfico se conformó por mapas cuyo procesamiento representó cada   uno de  los factores condicionantes y activadores, basándose en la   asignación de  códigos numéricos enteros a las categorías de cada una de   las capas temáticas,  las cuales se conjugaron a fin de obtener un   único valor. La metodología utilizada  fue de carácter cualitativo y   aditivo. A partir de la combinación de factores  condicionantes se   zonificó la susceptibilidad ambiental mientras que por medio  del Índice   de Fournier Modificado (IFM) se determinó el factor activador,    calculando su agresividad y variación espacial. Los resultados   alcanzados  permitieron obtener una base de datos cartográfica para la   zonificación de la  vulnerabilidad ambiental. ","palabras_clave":"modelo  cartográfico|degradación|análisis cualitativo|índice  de Fournier modificado"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97585,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of Changes in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Density and Interseeding with Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) on the Competitive Ability of Flax Against Brassica Weeds","resumen":"A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the competitive ability of flax against Brassica weed. Two densities of flax, either with or without red clover, and either with or without Brassica were sown. The presence of Brassica decreased seed yield flax by 15-30%. The flax sown at the high density and interseeded with red clover improved the crop?s competitive ability from the early growth stages. The early competition between flax and weed was reflected in a smaller (about 30-50 %) production of seeds and shoots in Brassica plants at the end of their cycle, which suggests a lower capture of resources when weeds did not grow alone. In one year, both high density and interseeding with red clover resulted in an increased capture of N by the crop and a reduced accumulation of N in seeds of Brassica. These findings indicate that crop suppressed the growth of weeds, affecting future weed abundance.","palabras_clave":"BRASSICA NAPUS|AGGRESSIVITY|RELATIVE YIELD|NITROGEN|SUSTAINABILITY|SMOTHER CROP|AGROECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":97952,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Metodos de prospeccion geofisica en arqueologia. Experimentacion con radar de penetracion terrestre (GPR) en concheros artificiales","resumen":"La prospección con georadar en sitios arqueológicos de la costa atlántica de Tierra del Fuego presenta dificultades, en cuanto a la calidad de los registros y su funcionalidad en relación a la detección de objetos arqueológicos presentes en el subsuelo. Para dilucidar las causas, se diseñó un experimento en laboratorio reproduciendo el entorno natural y cultural. Se replicó un conchero en una caja de frente transparente, incorporando materiales óseos y líticos y usando sedimento estéril del sitio La Arcillosa 2. Se efectuó un análisis granulométrico y separación magnética del sedimento estéril, y se sondeó con una antena de 1,5 GHz. El conchero, incluido en un depósito de arena con contenido de humedad entre 2,1 y 4,5%, fue visible en los registros. Los restos óseos generaron anomalías nítidas, debido al contraste de sus propiedades dieléctricas con las arenas portadoras. Con humedad mayor a 8,5% o con cobertura de suelos y gramíneas, los registros resultaron difusos. Los minerales paramagnéticos, ferromagnéticos (24,5%) y altamente magnéticos (3,6%) del depósito provocaron atenuación de las ondas electromagnéticas. Los resultados de la aplicación de esta técnica para los concheros del norte de Tierra del Fuego, en relación al tiempo de trabajo en campo y en laboratorio, resultan pocos satisfactorios.","palabras_clave":"Radar de penetración terrestre|Cazadores-recolectores|Concheros artificiales|Tierra del Fuego"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98005,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La teoría de la imprevisión: el gobierno de la equidad en la ejecución de los contratos","resumen":"Las instituciones jurídicas del Código Civil de Vélez Sarsfield se diseñaron de acuerdo a los cánones ideológicos del pensamiento liberal e individualista que imperaban en el siglo XIX. En este orden, las relaciones jurídicas contractuales se fundaban en la idea de igualdad y la libre voluntad de los contratantes, y estaban sujetas al imperio de la máxima pacta sunt servanda. Sin embargo, debido a la inestabilidad económica producida por la Primera y Segunda Guerras Mundiales, muchas veces el estricto cumplimiento de lo pactado generaba situaciones de injusticia que fueron seriamente criticadas por la jurisprudencia y la doctrina. Al final de cuentas, las críticas dirigidas contra el excesivo rigor en el cumplimiento de los contratos fueron los pasos necesarios para incorporar al Código Civil, mediante la ley 17.711, la posibilidad de revisarlos bajo el prisma de la equidad consagrada en la teoría de la imprevisión.  En este sentido, el propósito de este trabajo es realizar un estudio acerca del ingreso de la equidad como valor axiológico reinante en la ejecución de los contratos a partir de la incorporación de la teoría de la imprevisión al artículo 1198 del Código Civil.","palabras_clave":"CONTRATOS|EQUIDAD|TEORÍA DE LA IMPREVISIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98062,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Orientación educativa sobre el vocabulario y el acceso a la alfabetización. Evaluación del impacto de un programa de intervención en las familias y en la escuela","resumen":"El estudio evalúa el impacto de un programa de promoción del desarrollo  lingüístico y cognitivo para niños de 5 años implementado según dos modalidades: una que implicó acciones de alfabetización familiar en los hogares de los niños (modalidad intensiva) y otra que incluyó la participación de los niños en las salas de jardín de infantes (modalidad extensiva). La evaluación del impacto se realizó por medio de un diseño pre-test ? post-test. Se tomaron pruebas de vocabulario receptivo (VR),  producción de categorías (PC) y escritura a una muestra de 214 niños participantes de la modalidad intensiva, 69 participantes de la modalidad extensiva y un grupo control de no participó del programa (49 niños). Los resultados mostraron que la participación en la modalidad intensiva implicó un mayor incremento en las habilidades infantiles de VR, PC que en la modalidad extensiva. A su vez ambas modalidades experimentales  mostraron un mayor incremento en las variables examinadas respecto de las observadas en el grupo control. No se detectaron efectos de la escolaridad de la madre y la asistencia previa al jardín. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones significativas entre todas las variables analizadas y el valor predictivo de los puntajes en VR a principio de  año respecto de los puntajes en VR y escritura a fin de año.","palabras_clave":"ALFABETIZACIÓN |VOCABULARIO|PROGRAMA DE DESARROLLO INFANTIL|HOGARES Y JARDINES DE INFANTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98177,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional characterization of three cDNA libraries from the diploid wheat Triticum monoccocum (AmAm) with different growth habits.","resumen":"The diploid wheat Triticum monococcum (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm) constitutes an excellent and simplified model to study wheat genome expression since it has lower genome complexity compared to polyploid wheat species. The analysis of a collection of near 10,000 ESTs obtained from two libraries of T.monococcum (TM011XXX and TM043E1X) and one from T. monococcum ssp. aegilopoides (TM046E1X), lead to 2246, 1843 and 2405 unigenes, respectively. The unigenes from each library were individually analyzed through the Blast2Go interface revealing higher identity compared to EST databases. However, a low percentage of sequences showed significant similarity with Triticum databases, reflecting that several novel Triticum expressed genes have been identified in these libraries. The sequences annotation and classification under GO categories showed similar distribution for the three libraries, but differences were identified in some subcategories.When a virtual unique library was constructed including the sequences from the three libraries, seventeen genes were found to be over-expressed between reproductive and vegetative tissues and thirty five showed genotype-specific expression. These differentially expressed genes included several regulatory proteins and some unreported sequences. Some of these differentially expressed genes were validated by qRT-PCR. The exploration for specific polymorphisms allowed the identification of several SNPs.These EST libraries constitute a valuable tool for the assessment of active metabolic pathways in vegetative and reproductive tissues in diploid wheat species. A more detailed assessment of expression profiles of genotypes with spring and winter growth habits would allow the identification of the transcriptomic strategies developed under the pressure of these antagonisticgrowth conditions.","palabras_clave":"diploid wheat|cDNA libraries|ESTs|Differential Expression"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98195,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antitrypanosomal therapy for chronic Chagas' disease.","resumen":"We would like to offer a few  comments regarding the Clinical Therapeutics  article on Chagas? disease by Bern (June 30 issue).  1 Currently, the only clear hope for curing  Chagas? disease is the treatment of infected children  as early as possible, thus preventing illness  and death in adults. This early treatment is especially  important considering that older patients  have a poor response to treatment and have significantly  more adverse events than children.2 In  our pediatric pharmacokinetics study of benznidazole  in Chagas? disease,3 we observed significantly  lower blood concentrations of the drug in  children than those reported in adults receiving  the same dose per kilogram of body weight, suggesting  that lower clearance of benznidazole in  adults leads to drug accumulation and a higher  rate of adverse events.  Congenital transmission of Chagas? disease is  a major route of transmission worldwide.4 Assuming  an average rate of congenital infection  of approximately 200 to 300 newborns per year  in the United States,5 the estimated current  prevalence of congenitally infected U.S. children  younger than 18 years of age would be 1 case in  80,000 children. Considering that one third of  these patients will have heart complications if  not treated, a more syste","palabras_clave":"Chagas disease|Pediatric pharmacology|benznidazole"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98657,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Cambios en el uso de la tierra del partido de Tandil y principales impactos ambientales","resumen":"En las últimas décadas en la región pampeana se han manifestado importantes cambios agroproductivos. El Partido de Tandil, inserto en la denominada Pampa Austral, posee 4935 km2 y manifiesta una clara tendencia al denominado ?proceso de agriculturización?. El estudio de la evolución en el agro pampeano demandó la comparación de los usos de la tierra del Partido en un período de 20 años y el análisis de los principales impactos de los cambios. Con esa finalidad, se realizó una clasificación supervisada (Software ENVI 4.5) sobre dos imágenes captadas por el sensor TM Landsat 5, se realizaron campañas de campo y se aplicaron metodologías para la valoración de impactos ambientales. Una vez realizada la clasificación de las imágenes satelitales, se calcularon los estadísticos de las superficies ocupadas por los diferentes usos de la tierra. Los resultados revelan que las áreas agrícolas se incrementaron un 39,4% en el período considerado, mientras que las áreas destinadas al pastoreo se redujeron en un 22,8%. Los usos de la tierra destinados a zonas urbanas se incrementaron un 81,6%, mientras que las áreas dominadas por cuerpos de agua superficiales se redujeron en un 91,5%. El actual modelo agroproductivo basado en la agricultura permanente demanda la aplicación sostenida de plaguicidas y el incremento de la cantidad de litros utilizados por año. El indicador de riesgo de contaminación por estos productos aumentó más de 20 veces entre 1988 y 2010. Se concluye que los cambios en el uso de la tierra agudizan algunos problemas ambientales tales como la contaminación de suelos y aguas por el uso extensivo de agroquímicos y ocasionan disminuciones o pérdidas de biodiversidad. Se verifica una fuerte fragmentación de los ecosistemas nativos y existe una potencial pérdida de suelo por erosión (en el mediano y largo plazo) si no se utilizan prácticas de manejo adecuadas.","palabras_clave":"MODELOS AGROPRODUCTIVOS|SENSORES REMOTOS|CLASIFICACIÓN SUPERVISADA|AGROQUÍMICOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98779,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Benzonidazole therapy modulates interferon-&#947; and M2 muscarinic receptor autoantibody responses in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected children","resumen":"OBJECTIVE:  The presence of autoantibodies with adrenergic and cholinergic activity, capable of triggering neurotransmitter receptor-mediated effects, has been associated with pathogenesis in T. cruzi-infected hosts. The goal of this study was to investigate the production of anti-M2 muscarinic receptor autoantibodies (Anti-M2R AAbs) as well as the IFN-&#947; profile in children at the early stage of Chagas disease, and to examine whether trypanocidal chemotherapy with benzonidazole (BZ) could modify both response patterns.  METHODS:  This study comprised 30 T. cruzi-infected children (mean age: 13.8 years) and 19 uninfected controls (mean age: 12.7 years). Infected patients were treated with BZ and followed-up. Blood samples collected at diagnosis-T0, end of treatment-T1, and six months later-T2 were analysed by ELISA for detection of Anti-M2R AAbs and circulating levels of IFN-&#947;.  RESULTS:  At T0, anti-M2R AAbs were demonstrated in 56.7% of T. cruzi-infected patients, whereas uninfected controls were 100% negative. The average age of Anti-M2R AAbs(+) patients was higher than that from negative population. Infected children also displayed significantly stronger serum IFN-&#947; responses than controls. Upon BZ treatment, a significant linear decreasing trend in Anti-M2R AAb reactivity was recorded throughout the follow-up, with 29.7-88.1% decrease at T2. IFN-&#947; circulating levels also declined by T2.  CONCLUSION:  Anti-M2R AAbs and IFN-&#947; raise early during chagasic infection in children and are downmodulated by BZ therapy. These findings reinforce the usefulness of early BZ treatment not only to eliminate the parasite but also to reduce potentially pathogenic immune responses.","palabras_clave":"BENZONIDAZOLE|INTERFEROM GAMMA|MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR AUTOANTIBODY|TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI INFECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98968,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Semibatch Aqueous-Solution Polymerization of Acrylic Acid. Simultaneous Control of Molar Masses and Reaction Temperature","resumen":"The isothermal (60 C) semibatch polymerization of non-ionized acrylic acid (AA) was investigated with the aim of producing polyacrylic acid (PAA) of controlled molar masses, at complete AA conversion, and under safe conditions. The proposed strategy mainly consists in initially loading a dissociative initiator (potassium persulphate: KPS) and feeding the AA at a constant flow rate along the reaction, for simultaneously controlling the polymerization rate and the produced molar masses. PAA of intermediate number-average molar masses (Mn), in the range 1×10^4 - 2×10^5 g\/mol, was produced through an adequate selection of both the KPS concentration and the AA flow rate. For a given KPS concentration, PAA of lower   was obtained when reducing the AA feed rate. For long AA feeding times (240 min) and large KPS concentrations, transfer to polymer reactions caused PAA polydispersities higher than 4. In all experimental conditions, backbiting reactions were confirmed by 13C NMR. A simple mathematical model was developed to help interpret the experimental results.","palabras_clave":"CONTROL OF MOLAR MASSES|MOLAR MASS DISTRIBUTION|POLYACRYLIC ACID|RADICAL POLYMERIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":98978,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de las variaciones en la función amenidad de ambientes costeros por efecto de la minería de áridos y la urbanización. Caso de estudio: Mar del Sud, partido de General Alvarado, provincia de Buenos Aires","resumen":"Mar del Sud es una villa turística del sudeste bonaerense, que se encuentra ubicada en el partido de General Alvarado, situada a 12 km de la ciudad de Miramar, a los 58º de Latitud Sur y 38º 20´Longitud Oeste. El presente trabajo muestra un análisis retrospectivo a partir de indicadores ambientales para determinación de la evolución la amenidad, entendiéndose esta como la oferta de espacios o entornos placenteros y paisajes atractivos para la recreación y renovación personal.Se aplicó la metodología desarrollada por el grupo ELANEM (Euro Latin American Network of Environmental Assessmentand Monitoring). Se analizaron tres lapsos: década del 80, 90 y del 2000.   Los resultados obtenidos denotan una marcada disminución de la amenidad en la década de los 90, y una tendencia a la recuperación hacia el último período analizado, principalmente por la prohibición de la actividad extractiva de arena tanto in situ como en los partidos colindantes.  El crecimiento de la actividad turística está estrechamente ligada a ala urbanización, la cual requiere del uso de áridos para la construcción.","palabras_clave":"Ambiente Litoral|Indicadores|Usos de suelo|Calidad Ambiental"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":99018,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of elevated CO2 concentrations and fly ash amended soils on trace element accumulation and translocation among roots, stems and seeds of Glycine max (L.) Merr.","resumen":"The carbon dioxide (CO2) levels of the global atmosphere and the emissions of heavy metals have risen in recent decades, and these increases are expected to produce an impact on crops and thereby affect yield and food safety. In this study, the effects of elevated CO2 and fly ash amended soils on trace element accumulation and translocation in the root, stem and seed compartments in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were evaluated. Soybean plants grown in fly ash (FA) amended soil (0, 1, 10, 15, and 25% FA) at two CO2 regimes (400 and 600 ppm) in controlled environmental chambers were analyzed at the maturity stage for their trace element contents. The concentrations of Br, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in roots, stems and seeds in soybeans were investigated and their potential risk to the health of consumers was estimated. The results showed that high levels of CO2 and lower concentrations of FA in soils were associated with an increase in biomass. For all the elements analyzed except Pb, their accumulation in soybean plants was higher at elevated CO2 than at ambient concentrations. In most treatments, the highest concentrations of Br, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Pb were found in the roots, with a strong combined effect of elevated CO2 and 1% of FA amended soils on Pb accumulation (above maximum permitted levels) and translocation to seeds being observed. In relation to non-carcinogenic risks, target hazard quotients (TQHs) were significant in a Chinese individual for Mn, Fe and Pb. Also, the increased health risk due to the added effects of the trace elements studied was significant for Chinese consumers. According to these results, soybean plants grown for human consumption under future conditions of elevated CO2 and FA amended soils may represent a toxicological hazard. Therefore, more research should be carried out with respect to food consumption (plants and animals) under these conditions and their consequences for human health.","palabras_clave":"GLYCINE MAX|CO2|FLY ASH AMENDED SOILS|TRACE ELEMENTS|FOOD SAFETY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":99049,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de la relación entre ambiente y calidad de vida desde una perspectiva geográfica","resumen":"Las nociones de calidad de vida y ambiente son construcciones elaboradaspor las instituciones económica, política y tecnológicamente dominantespresentes dentro de cada sociedad en un momento histórico determinado.Ambas son tratadas por diferentes disciplinas, favoreciendo un extensodebate conceptual y teórico que no posee suficiente correlato empírico. La Geografía es una disciplina que se vincula con ambos conceptos y lo puede hacer desde una perspectiva mayoritariamente empírica, contribuyendo a la solución de los problemas urgentes y emergentes resultantes de la interacción Sociedad-Naturaleza que repercuten negativamente en la población. Su utilidad es ejemplificada aplicando un análisis cluster a veinte variables sociales, económicas, educativas a la ciudad de Mar del Plata destacando, así, la base espacial y territorial de la ciencia geográfica que le permite marcar una diferencia con respecto a otras disciplinas involucradas en el estudio de la calidad de vida y el ambiente.","palabras_clave":"ambiente|análisis cluster|calidad de vida|geografía"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":99105,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spoken Emotion Recognition using Hierarchical Classifiers","resumen":"The recognition of the emotional state of speakers is a   multi-disciplinary research area that has received great interest over   the last years. One of the most important goals is to improve the   voice-based human\u2013machine interactions. Several works on this domain use   the prosodic features or the spectrum characteristics of speech signal,   with neural networks, Gaussian mixtures and other standard classifiers.   Usually, there is no acoustic interpretation of types of errors in the   results. In this paper, the spectral characteristics of emotional   signals are used in order to group emotions based on acoustic rather   than psychological considerations. Standard classifiers based on   Gaussian Mixture Models, Hidden Markov Models and Multilayer Perceptron   are tested. These classifiers have been evaluated with different   configurations and input features, in order to design a new hierarchical   method for emotion classification. The proposed multiple feature   hierarchical method for seven emotions, based on spectral and prosodic   information, improves the performance over the standard classifiers and   the fixed features.","palabras_clave":"Emotion recognition|Spectral information|Hierarchical classifiers|Hidden Markov Models"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":99882,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aplicación de sensores remotos al estudio de los cambios en el uso de la tierra y su incidencia sobre el hábitat en la Cuenca del río Quequén Grande (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina). [Indexaciones: Latindex].","resumen":"Las imágenes satelitales permiten identificar usos de la tierra a escala regional, facilitando el análisis de los cambios agroproductivos territoriales. Estudios previos realizados en la región pampeana, demuestran que la expansión de la agricultura se produjo a expensas del pastizal. El presente trabajo, cuantifica las áreas ocupadas por distintos tipos de uso de las tierras de la Cuenca del Río Quequén Grande (CrQG), en 1998-2008, estableciendo comparaciones entre las unidades geomorfológicas que la componen. Se aplicó una clasificación supervisada sobre imágenes captadas por el sensor TM con ajustes realizados a campo. En ese período, los usos agrícolas aumentaron significativamente en las unidades geomorfológicas de sierras y serranías (38%); en contraposición, la superficie destinada a ganadería disminuyó en un 35,0%. Considerando el conjunto de tierras de la CrQG, los usos agrícolas crecieron un 10,7%, mientras que los ganaderos disminuyeron un 13,7%. El uso relativo a asentamientos urbanos creció un 132,3% y las áreas ocupadas por cuerpos de agua se redujeron en un 68,8%. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que la percepción remota constituye una alternativa central para determinar cambios en el uso del suelo y sus efectos sobre la vegetación, para generar propuestas tendientes a la sustentabilidad agroproductiva en la cuenca.","palabras_clave":"TELEDETECCIÓN|USOS DE LA TIERRA|SUSTENTABILIDAD|TRANSFORMACIONES AGROPRODUCTIVAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100084,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Strengthening the evaluation of sustainable development interventions: inputs from a social interfaces analysis and livelihood research","resumen":"Since the Brundtland Commission voiced its call for sustainable development, multiple actors at different levels have been increasingly interested in establishing a means to monitor performance and to assess progress towards sustainable development. Different approaches have been developed and tested, and the key role of a clear conceptual framework for guiding the assessment process has been recognized. An alternative perspective can be offered by the incorporation of a social interface analysis and a livelihoods approach in order to strengthen the evaluation of sustainable development interventions both at the project and strategic level. The paper firstly shows some of the epistemological complexities in assessing sustainable development, and the social interface analysis is explicitly introduced. Secondly, the notion of sustainable livelihoods is presented as the basis for an approach more interested in the agency of households and communities and their potential, competence, capacities and strengths, rather than their weaknesses and needs. Thirdly, the paper introduces a case study in four Andean communities in Central West Argentina, where inputs from the social interface analysis and livelihood research were used in order to assess the impact of an external \u201Ccommunity-based\u201D development intervention. Finally, the relevance of the two approaches are linked with a non normative approach of governance as well as with the possibility to foster more nuanced evaluation of sustainable development interventions.","palabras_clave":"EVALUATION|SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT|LIVELIHOODS RESEARCH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100139,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"RHODIUM SELF-POWERED NEUTRON DETECTOR AS A SUITABLE ON-LINE THERMAL NEUTRON FLUX MONITOR IN BNCT TREATMENTS","resumen":"A rhodium self-powered neutron detector (Rh SPND) has been specifically developed by the Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) of Argentina to measure locally and in real time thermal neutron fluxes in patients treated with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this work, the thermal and epithermal neutron response of the Rh SPND was evaluated by studying the detector response to two different reactor spectra. In addition, during clinical trials of the BNCT Project of the CNEA, on-line neutron flux measurements using the specially designed detector were assessed.  The first calibration of the detector was done with the well-thermalized neutron spectrum of the CNEA RA-3 reactor thermal column. For this purpose, the reactor spectrum was approximated by a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in the thermal energy range. The second calibration was done at different positions along the central axis of a water-filled cylindrical phantom, placed in the mixed thermal-epithermal neutron beam of CNEA RA-6 reactor. In this latter case, the RA-6 neutron spectrum had been well characterized by both calculation and measurement, and it presented some marked differences with the ideal spectrum considered for SPND calibrations at RA-3. In addition, the RA-6 neutron spectrum varied with depth in the water phantom and thus the percentage of the epithermal contribution to the total neutron flux changed at each measurement location. Local (one point-position) and global (several points-positions) and thermal and mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivities were determined from these measurements. Thermal neutron flux was also measured during BNCT clinical trials within the irradiation fields incident on the patients. In order to achieve this, the detector was placed on patient´s skin at dosimetric reference points for each one of the fields. System stability was adequate for this kind of measurement.  Local mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivities and global thermal and mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivities derived from measurements performed at the RA-6 were compared and no significant differences were found. Global RA-6-based thermal neutron sensitivity showed agreement with pure thermal neutron sensitivity measurements performed in the RA-3 spectrum. Additionally, the detector response proved nearly unchanged by differences in neutron spectra from real (RA-6 BNCT beam) and ideal (considered for calibration calculations at RA-3) neutron source descriptions. The results confirm that the special design of the Rh SPND can be considered as having a pure thermal response for neutron spectra with epithermal-to-thermal flux ratios up to 12%. In addition, the linear response of the detector to thermal flux allows the use of a mixed-field thermal neutron sensitivity of 1.95 ± 0.05 × 10(-21) A n(-1)[middle dot]cm² [middle dot]s. This sensitivity can be used in spectra with up to 21% epithermal-to-thermal flux ratio without significant error due to epithermal neutron and gamma induced effects. The values of the measured fluxes in clinical applications had discrepancies with calculated results that were in the range of -25% to +30%, which shows the importance of a local on-line independent measurement as part of a treatment planning quality control system.  The usefulness of the CNEA Rh SPND for the on-line local measurement of thermal neutron flux on BNCT patients has been demonstrated based on an appropriate neutron spectra calibration and clinical applications.   ","palabras_clave":"SPND|BNCT|on-line flux measurement"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100152,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of canopy exposure changes on plant water status in grapevine cultivar Syrah","resumen":"An experiment was conducted during the 2006-07 growing season to determine the effects of changes in canopy architecture on plant water status, in an irrigated ?Syrah? vineyard in Mendoza, Argentina. Changes in canopy architecture were carried out in the Ybm INTA trellis system in which the canopy can be opened or closed generating a single or a double curtain canopy. The single curtain is similar to a traditional vertical shoot positioning while the double curtain is similar to a Lyre system. Between bloom and harvest, four treatments were established based on the timing of opening and closing the canopy: i) closed canopies from bloom to harvest; ii) closed from bloom to veraison and opened from veraison to harvest, iii) opened from bloom to veraison and closed from veraison to harvest; and iv) opened from bloom to harvest. Predawn and midday leaf water potentials were measured over the course of the growing season. In addition, at key phenological dates, diurnal cycles of leaf water potential measurements were conducted. Results indicated that increasing canopy exposure to sun light decreased midday leaf water potential, suggesting an increase in the whole vine transpiration. Differences in canopy exposure led to different daily variations of vine water relations. Mobile trellis systems might be used as a tool to adapt or manipulate vineyard water requirements according to the environmental and soil water conditions during the season. ","palabras_clave":"leaf water potential|trellis system| vine growth|vine water status|Vitis vinifera"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100622,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La transformación del sector social en Argentina durante la década del 90: las políticas como espacios de acción colectiva y de regulación social.","resumen":"Este artículo explora las transformaciones del sector social en Argentina durante la década del 90. Considerando a las políticas como mecanismos de gobernanza, analizo a las mismas como sitios modelados por relaciones de poder. A través de un trabajo de campo realizado en el Movimiento de Desocupados del Gran Buenos Aires, describo modos de regulación social y de acción colectiva que fueron creados en los encuentros extraordinarios y ordinarios entre agencias  estatales y grupos sociales. En un primer apartado, me concentro en la configuración de dispositivos de gobierno neoliberal durante la década del noventa, analizando los primeros reportes del Banco Mundial sobre el Sector Social en Argentina, la creación de instituciones para el gerenciamiento de lo social y las características de los principales programas de ocupación transitoria destinados a desocupados.En un segundo apartado, analizo cómo los programas de ocupación transitoria se transformaron en sitios de disputa y negociación entre agentes del Estado y colectivos movilizados. De un lado, muestro como los programas se convirtieron en objeto de demanda colectiva y cómo a través de la acción se extendió el alcance de los mismos entre la población. Del otro, cómo en entramados de vínculos cotidianos se sumaron a los criterios de selección de beneficiarios (jefes de hogar desocupados con hijos menores a cargo) otros que ponderaban la participación en la lucha  y cómo esos criterios se negociaban estratégicamente apelando a dimensiones fundantes de modos de vida atravesados por procesos de vulnerabilidad y precarización social.Hacía el final, retomo los resultados para tomar distancia de modelos sistémicos de las políticas públicas (concebidas como momentos lineales de identificación de problemas, propuestas de solución, formulación, implementación y evaluación) para proponer una visión de las políticas en tanto momentos de relaciones de fuerzas contextuadas históricamente. ","palabras_clave":"POLITICAS SOCIALES |GOBERNANZA |REGULACION SOCIAL |ACCION COLECTIVA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100637,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"JULIA SILBER. TRAYECTORIA ACADÉMICA EN CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN EN LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA","resumen":"Este artículo reconstruye un segmento de la trayectoria académica de Julia Silber, desde su inserción académica como estudiante y graduada de la Carrera de Ciencias de la Educación, su participación en las cátedras de Pedagogía y en el gobierno del Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación (DCE) de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación (FAHCE) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) en 1984. Su elaboración retoma un conjunto de entrevistas efectuadas como parte del trabajo de campo de una investigación más amplia, además de un sinnúmero de conversaciones informales mantenidas con Julia y otros miembros del equipo de investigación con quienes compartimos durante una buena cantidad de años la preocupación por estudiar la formación académica de los estudiantes de nuestra carrera y de otros profesorados de la FAHCE. Confrontamos esos testimonios con datos de archivo que incluyen normativa institucional y otros registros textuales como notas y cartas. En primer lugar, recorremos su trayectoria académica entre 1961 y 1986 destacando ciertos hitos relevantes para comprender su inscripción en la dinámica política institucional en general y en las prácticas sociales de los grupos académicos de la Carrera, en particular. Finalmente, mencionamos rasgos salientes de su participación reciente en el DCE y reflexionamos acerca del lugar que ocupa Julia Silber en la configuración y consolidación de la Pedagogía en la UNLP.","palabras_clave":"trayectoria académica|Pedagogía|grupos académicos|gobierno universitario"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100866,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of a naturally-occurring deletion mutant of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus reveals sf58 as a new per os infectivity factor of lepidopteran-infecting baculoviruses","resumen":"The Nicaraguan population of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, SfMNPV-NIC, is structured as a mixture of nine genotypes (A?I). Occlusion bodies (OBs) of SfMNPV-C, -D and -G pure genotypes are incapable of oral transmission; a phenotype which in SfMNPV-C and -D is due to the absence of pif1 and pif2 genes. The complete sequence of the SfMNPV-G genome was determined to iden- tify possible factors involved in this phenotype. Deletions of 4860 bp (22,366?27,225) and 60 bp (119,759?119,818) were observed in SfMNPV-G genome compared with that of the predominant com- plete genotype SfMNPV-B (132,954 bp). However no genes homologous to previously described per os infectivity factors were located within the deleted sequences. Significant differences were detected in the nucleotide sequence in sf58 gene (unknown function) that produced changes in the amino acid sequence and the predicted secondary structure of the corresponding protein. This gene is conserved only in lepidopteran baculoviruses (alpha- and betabaculoviruses). To determine the role of sf58 in peroral infectivity a deletion mutant was constructed using bacmid technology. OBs of the deletion mutant (Sf58null) were not orally infectious for S. frugiperda larvae, whereas Sf58null rescue virus OBs recovered oral infectivity. Sf58null DNA and occlusion derived virions (ODVs) were as infective as SfMNPV bacmid DNA and ODVs in intrahemocelically infected larvae or cell culture, indicating that defects in ODV or OB morphogenesis were not involved in the loss of peroral infectivity. Addition of optical brightener or the presence of the orally infectious SfMNPV-B OBs in mixtures with SfMNPV-G OBs did not recover Sf58null OB infectivity. According to these results sf58 is a new per os infectivity factor present only in lepidop- teran baculoviruses.","palabras_clave":"SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA|NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS|NICARAGUAN ISOLATE|GENOMIC SEQUENCE|POSITIVE SELECTED GENES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100870,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Collapse and yield pressure of solid Langmuir monolayers","resumen":"In a previous work, Muruganathan and Fischer observed laserinducedlocal collapse of a methyl stearate monolayer. These experimentsopened the possibility of studying the collapse mechanism in a highlycontrolled manner, since the laser intensity can be easily varied and collapsehappens in a definite place (the laser focus). In this paper we extended thework presented by Muruganathan et al., describing the local yielding as analternative pathway toward monolayer collapse competing with the globalcollapse of the monolayer. We first corroborated that the laser-inducedcollapse is a thermocapillary effect and afterward determined the thresholdlaser power necessary for the local pathway to win over the global collapse.We show that the laser threshold is determined more by the gradients intemperature and pressure than by the global pressure and temperature. We propose that the flow of material into the focus of thelaser is observed after the yield stress of the monolayer is overcome. The higher the yield stress, the higher the temperature gradientthat is necessary for the monolayer to yield. The local pathway opens only when the derivative of surface pressure with temperature isnegative such that stress gradients point toward the laser focus and a sink of material is generated. In such a case we are able to giveestimates of the dilatational yield pressure of the solid monolayer.","palabras_clave":"LIPID MONOLAYER TOPOGRAPHY|OPTICAL TWEEZERS|LOCAL HEATING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100945,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La disputa por el espacio urbano. Las tomas de tierra en el Gran Buenos Aires durante los años 80","resumen":"Esteartículo se propone abordar la cuestión de la producción de la ciudadcapitalista, particularmente en los países periféricos durante su faseneoliberal. Para esto se analiza el proceso de reconfiguración urbana producidoen el Gran Buenos Aires a partir del agotamiento del modelo de acumulación deindustrialización sustitutiva en la Argentina, y sus consecuencias en la distribucióndel espacio y de los cuerpos en la ciudad.Tomamos elcaso de las tomas masivas de tierras que tuvieron lugar en los partidos delconurbano bonaerense durante la década del ochenta, para situarlas dentro de unproceso de disputa por el espacio urbano por parte de los sectores populares.Estos ?asentamientos?, valiéndose de prácticas organizativas acumuladas en elacervo de luchas populares, se constituyeron en un verdadero movimiento social.Finalmente, se esbozan algunas conclusiones entorno a la emergencia de estos asentamientos en un largo proceso de inscripciónterritorial de las clases populares en ","palabras_clave":"MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES|CONFLICTO URBANO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":100994,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La participación de la mujer en el turismo gastronómico de un espacio rural. Caso Tomás Jofré, Mercedes-Provincia de Buenos Aires-Argentina.","resumen":"El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar las características sociodemográficas del pueblo y particularmente poner de manifiesto el grado de participación de la mujer en el turismo gastronómico de Tomás Jofré, Mercedes-Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.","palabras_clave":"TURISMO|GASTRONOMÍA|GÉNERO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101035,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sun exposure, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms FokI and BsmI and risk of multiple primary melanoma","resumen":"Background: Sunlight exposure increases risk of melanoma. Sunlight also potentiates cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D, which can inhibit melanoma cell growth and promote apoptosis. Vitamin D effects are mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). We hypothesized that genetic variation in VDR affects the relationship of sun exposure to risk of a further melanoma in people who have already had one. Methods: We investigated the interaction between VDR polymorphisms and sun exposure in a population-based multinational study comparing 1138 patients with a multiple (second or subsequent) primary melanoma (cases) to 2151 patients with a first primary melanoma (controls); essentially a case\u2013control study of melanoma in a population of melanoma survivors. Sun exposure was assessed using a  questionnaire and interview, and was shown to be associated with multiple primary melanoma. VDR was genotyped at the FokI and BsmI loci and the main effects of variants at these loci and their interactions with sun exposure were analyzed. Results: Only the BsmI variant was associated with multiple primary melanoma (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 0.99\u20131.62 for the homozygous variant genotype). Joint effects analyses showed highest ORs in the high exposure, homozygous variant BsmI genotype category for each sun exposure variable. Stratified analyses showed somewhat higher ORs for the homozygous BsmI variant genotype in people with high sun exposure than with low sun exposure. P values for interaction, however, were high. Conclusion: These results suggest that risk of multiple primary melanoma is increased in people who have the BsmI variant of VDR.","palabras_clave":"MULTIPLE PRIMARY MELANOMA|VITAMIN D RECEPTOR|POLYMORPHISMS|SUN EXPOSURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101117,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The effect of acetylated xylan and sugar beet pulp on the expression and secretion of enzymes by Penicillium purpurogenum.","resumen":"Sugar beet pulp is a natural carbon source composed mainly of pectin and cellulose, which is utilized and degraded by the ascomycete Penicillium purpurogenum. The fungus also grows on and degrades acetylated xylan which lacks cellulose and pectin. Both carbon sources have been used in our laboratory to grow the fungus and to purify different enzymes secreted to the medium. The enzymes involved in the complex process of degradation of these carbon sources by the fungus have been explored previously under non-denaturing conditions; multienzyme complexes were separated and some subunits identified by Western blots and mass spectrometry. In this work, proteomic profiles show that the secretome is composed of numerous proteins varying in pI and molecular weight. Some enzymes are common to both growth conditions, while others are specific for each carbon source. The results show that the carbon sources utilized exert strong regulatory control over the proteins secreted. This is the first secretome study from a lignocellulolytic Penicillium.","palabras_clave":"sugar beet|penicillium|proteomic |enzyme"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101169,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of the biocide properties of whey-protein edible films with potassium sorbate to control non-O157 shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli","resumen":"The use of edible films to release antimicrobial constituents in food packaging is a form of active packaging that contributes to extend the shelf-life of a product and provides microbial safety for consumers. A number of plant and animal proteins have been investigated for the production of edible films such as corn zein, wheat gluten, soy and peanut proteins, gelatin, collagen, casein, and whey proteins. Several antimicrobial agents such as organic acids, enzymes, fungicides and natural antimicrobial compounds (spices and essential oils) can be incorporated into edible films. Potassium sorbate (PS) have a long history as a generally recognized as safe food preservative, being widely used to inhibit or retard the growing of a number of recognized food pathogens. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 and non-O157 strains have been associated with human disease, ranging from uncomplicated diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. STEC is transmitted to humans through contaminated food, water, and direct contact with infected persons or animals. Several outbreaks caused by non-O157 STEC were described although data implicating these STEC were scanty and the source of infection was not always known. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to incorporate PS into whey protein concentrate (WPC) films and to determine the inhibitory effects of these films against eight non-O157 STEC strains isolated from readyto-eat food samples.","palabras_clave":"whey protein edible film|antimicrobial properties|food-borne pathogens|non-O157 Escherichia coli|potassium sorbate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101333,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Abrir los posibles'...en torno a las Metodologías en Ciencias Sociales.","resumen":"Presentación del primer número de la Revista Latinoamericana de Metodología de Investigación Social (RELMIS). La misma retoma la interpretación que Luce Giard dio de los escritos de De Certeau: 'abrir los posibles' . Apertura que recupera la complejidad de lo social, que la trabaja, y la expresa en formas de intervención teórico-práctica siempre novedosas.","palabras_clave":"INVESTIGACIÓN|METODOLOGÍAS|AMÉRICA LATINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101385,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ENSEÑANZA DE LA BIOÉTICA EN UN CONTEXTO DIALÓGICO INTER-TRANSDICIPLINAR Y PLURALISTA: EL CASO DE LA ELECTIVA BIOÉTICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL LITORAL","resumen":"La Bioética, desde sus comienzos hasta  nuestros días, ha tenido un crecimiento importante en una doble pretensión  indisolublemente ligada: constituirse y desarrollarse como Discurso Social y  conformarse como un saber disciplinar. El presente trabajo aborda la  experiencia didáctica de la asignatura electiva Bioética implementada durante  el&nbsp; segundo cuatrimestre de 2010 y primer  cuatrimestre de 2011, destinada a estudiantes de todas las carreras de grado en  la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), con el propósito de contribuir a una  formación profesional capaz de integrar y reflexionar sobre la dimensión ética  y las consideraciones relativas a los derechos humanos, como aspectos  ineludibles de la formación científico-técnica y de las prácticas  profesionales. Esta asignatura es el resultado de un plan de actividades que la  Cátedra Abierta de Bioética, dependiente de la Secretaría Académica de la UNL,  en el marco de un Memorándum de Entendimiento entre la UNESCO (Organización de  las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura) y la UNL. Los  autores de este trabajo han sido los responsables de la implementación de esta  experiencia innovadora y pretenden dar cuenta de las instancias reflexivas que  han acompañado el proceso de concretización del curriculum.","palabras_clave":"Bioética|Universidad Nacional del Litoral"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101436,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Características geológicas e hidrolitológicas de la cuenca del arroyo Langueyú, Partido de Tandil, Buenos Aires","resumen":"El objetivo general del trabajo es la caracterización geológica y su correlato con las propie-dades hidráulicas de las rocas y sedimentos de la cuenca del arroyo langueyú. a partir del abordaje analítico y explicativo regional de los componentes físicos como la estratigrafía, geología estructural y geomorfología, se describen los límites y características del sistema hídrico en esta zona. Desde el punto de vista estratigráfico, la cuenca está formada por un basamento cristalino de edad precámbrica y una cubierta sedimentaria cenozoica. estos materiales se corresponden con los ámbitos hidrolitológicos de fisuras y poroso clástico, respectivamente. el comportamiento del sistema es claramente diferente de acuerdo a los sectores geológicos y geomorfológicos (serranías, piedemonte y llanura).","palabras_clave":"HIDROGEOLOGÍA|GEOMORFOLOGÍA|CUENCA ARROYO LANGUEYÚ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101832,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"\u201CEl viaje en la era de la reproductibilidad técnica. Discursos etno-geográficos en los primeros travelogues argentinos\u201D.","resumen":"Nacidos conjuntamente conla mayoría de las formas de transporte de la era industrial la fotografía y elcine encontraron una temprana veta comercial como dispositivos virtuales paraexplorar el mundo. Combinando en dosis variables entretenimiento y ciencia ambos mediostransmitían al espectador común la experiencia perceptiva del viaje sin ningunode sus costos e inconvenientes. Sin embargo, surgidos en el seno del imperialismo decimonónico europeo,estos medios tuvieron antes un rol aún más fundamental como instrumentos deapropiación de los espacios explorados. El traveloguees sin duda uno de los espectáculos que mejor amalgama estos dos objetivos.Este género fílmico dominó los primeros años del cine (1895-1905) y jugó un rolclave en la consolidación del film etnográfico y documental de las décadas del20 y 30. Estosfilms no se limitaron a documentar una confrontación de culturas, sino que lamayoría de las veces la exageraron e incluso la crearon, incorporando una seriede tópicos o discursos que, lejos de ser novedosos, ya habían sidoexhaustivamente explotados por la fotografía durante gran parte del siglo XIX. En esteartículo se estudian las influencias estéticas, temáticas e ideológicas de lafotografía de viajes \u2013popularizada a través de procesos y formatos comercialescomo los álbumes de vistas y costumbres, la estereografía, las vistas ópticas ola postal\u2013 en los primeros traveloguesrealizados en la Argentina. Se analiza el papel que estas técnicas dereproducción mecánica jugaron en la tarea civilizatoria emprendida sobre lospueblos originarios en suelo argentino, poniendo en evidencia las múltiples yvariadas estrategias de las que se valieron uno y otro medio para representarla experiencia del viaje y, sobre todo, para transmitir la imagen de lo exóticoa través de una conciente y planificada construcción de la otredad.","palabras_clave":"TRAVELOGUES|CINE ETNOGRAFICO|CINE ARGENTINO|REPRESENTACIONES DE LA ALTERIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101853,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Autonomous Mobile Robot Navigation using RBF Neural Compensator","resumen":"  This paper presents an approach to adaptive trajectory tracking of mobile robots which combines a feedback linearization based on a nominal model and a RBF-NN adaptive dynamic compensation. For a robot with uncertain dynamic parameters, two controllers are implemented separately: a kinematics controller and an inverse dynamics controller. The uncertainty in the nominal dynamics model is compensated by a neural adaptive feedback controller. The resulting adaptive controller is efficient and robust in the sense that it succeeds to achieve a good tracking performance with a small computational effort. The analysis of the RBF-NN approximation error on the control errors is included. Finally, the performance of the control system is verified through experiments. ","palabras_clave":"adaptive inverse control|mobile robot control|neural compensator"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101912,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Proyectos de ley de costas y desarrollo litoral sostenible desde la óptica geográfica","resumen":"Las áreas litorales atraen, aceleradamente, población, usos y actividades con impactos ambientales de variada magnitud sobre los recursos costeros, debido al desarrollo urbano espontáneo y anárquico, diversidad de actores involucrados, intereses yuxtapuestos, conflictos generados, ausencia de marcos normativos y otros. Esta complejidad del espacio costero es deficientemente tratada en los proyectos de ley de costas (nacional y provincial bonaerense) en discusión, sin contribuir a ordenar los subsistemas físico-natural, socio-económico y administrativo- jurídico que lo conforman. Se propone por ello, analizar dichos proyectos, a fin de evaluar con una mirada crítica desde la geografía, sus fundamentos, presupuestos mínimos y ámbitos de aplicación, paraidentificar vacíos y vicios. El método de trabajo implicará lectura y comparación de los proyectos de ley citados, revisión y precisión de conceptos geográficos, análisis de delimitaciones propuestas, elaboración de recomendaciones y conclusiones, etc. Se espera que los resultados aporten nuevas perspectivas geográficas aplicadas para una ordenación costera sostenible.-magnitud sobre los recursos costeros, debido al desarrollo urbano espontáneo y anárquico, diversidad de actores involucrados, intereses yuxtapuestos, conflictos generados, ausencia de marcos normativos y otros. Esta complejidad del espacio costero es deficientemente tratada en los proyectos de ley de costas (nacional y provincial bonaerense) en discusión, sin contribuir a ordenar los subsistemas físico-natural, socio-económico y administrativo- jurídico que lo conforman. Se propone por ello, analizar dichos proyectos, a fin de evaluar con una mirada crítica desde la geografía, sus fundamentos, presupuestos mínimos y ámbitos de aplicación, paraidentificar vacíos y vicios. El método de trabajo implicará lectura y comparación de los proyectos de ley citados, revisión y precisión de conceptos geográficos, análisis de delimitaciones propuestas, elaboración de recomendaciones y conclusiones, etc. Se espera que los resultados aporten nuevas perspectivas geográficas aplicadas para una ordenación costera sostenible.-","palabras_clave":"litoralización|ley costera|gestión integrada|sostenibilidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101914,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Escenario de riesgo climático por sudestadas y tormentas en Mar del Plata y Necochea-Quequén, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"El contexto de calentamiento global actual modifica los patrones climáticos y con ello, aumenta el nivel del mar y la intensidad y frecuencia de eventos climáticos extremos, entre otros, amenazando las ciudades costeras, cuya población, actividades y bienes resultan vulnerables. Mar del Plata y Necochea- Quequén, las más pobladas ciudades turísticas costeras de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, registran a lo largo de su historia, varios sucesos que las signaron como ?territorios de impacto? meteorológico. No resultan ajenas a las amenazas del cambio climático y a sus tendencias: eventos pluviales intensos, cambios en la dirección e intensidad de vientos, incremento de la erosión costera y daños a ecosistemas y poblaciones litorales, manifestación frecuente de islas de calor urbano, anticipo o prolongación de condiciones estivales en primavera y otoño, mayor demanda de seguros por daños debidos a eventos extremos, etc. Se pretende entonces: a) Contextualizar el tema propuesto desde el marco teórico de la geografía de los riesgos y b) Analizar la peligrosidad climática del área. Finalmente ahonda en diversos conceptos relacionados con la geografía de los riesgos, a fin de fundamentar porqué el área estudiada constituye un escenario de riesgo climático.-","palabras_clave":"riesgo climático|espacialidad de riesgos|gestión de riesgos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101916,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aimé Césaire y Frantz Fanon. Variaciones sobre el archivo colonial\/descolonial","resumen":"El trabajo se concentra en tramar una noción de archivo con materiales heterogéneos,tomados entre distintos registros de las escrituras de Aimé Césaire y Frantz Fanon. Para ello se trabaja con especial atención en la dimensión del cuerpo, especialmente presente en ambas escrituras y en ambos proyectos críticos. El cuerpo es el punto de partida desde el cual estos pensadores elaboran una crítica de la representación. La propuesta general es describir el conjunto de operaciones presentes en la organización de un posible archivo, que denominamos colonial, para el campo de la historia de las ideas. Indizada en CIBERA (Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Ibero-Amerika \/ Spanien \/ Portugal -DFG- Alemania).CLASE (Citas Latinoamericanas en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades -UNAM- México), SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online, Colombia), CSA (Sociological Abstracts - Proquest -USA-DIALNET (Difusión de Alertas en la Red -Universidad de la Rioja- España).DOAJ (Directory of Open Acces Journals ? Lund University- Suecia).  HAPI (Hispanic American Periodicals Index -UCLA- USA).IBSS (International Bibliography of the Social Sciencies -London School of Economics and Political Science- UK). LATINDEX CATALOGO (Sistema Regional de Información en Línea   para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y   Portugal -UNAM- México).NEW JOUR (Electronic Journals & Newsletters University of Ottawa y Association of Research Libraries). OCLC (Online Computer Library Center ? USA).PUBLINDEX categoría A2 (Índice Bibliográfico Nacional -COLCIENCIAS- Colombia).REDALyC (Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal - UAM- México).","palabras_clave":"FANON|CESAIRE|ARCHIVO|REPRESENTACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":101985,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Moisture sorption isotherms and isosteric heat of sorption characteristics of malting barley (hordeum distichum l.)","resumen":"The equilibrium water  content of malting barley grains (cv. Scarlett)  was determined by gravimetric-static method in the range 20-50°C using  saturated salt solutions (LiCl, MgCl2.6H2O, K2CO3,  NaBr, NaNO2, KI, NaNO3, NaCl, (NH4)2SO4)    to provide water activities for each temperature between 0.11 and   0.813.  Desorption isotherms were obtained at 20, 30, 40, and 50°C. All   the sorption  curves were found to be Type II, increasing moisture   content with the increase  of water activity from approximately   5.5?7.45% d.b. (dry basis) for different  temperatures when the water   activity was 0.111. Different models (Modified  Henderson, Modified   Chung-Pfost, Modified Halsey, Modified Oswin and GAB) were  fit to the   data and it was found that the best results corresponded to the Modified    Henderson equation. The isosteric sorption heat varied from 3479 kJ\/kg   (20ºC)  to 2393 kJ\/kg (50ºC) decreasing with increasing moisture   content, thus  indicating that reducing the water content increases the   energy required to  remove water.","palabras_clave":"EQUILIBRIUM|ISOTHERMS|HEAT OF SORPTION|MALTING BARLEY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102163,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Políticas de Inclusión Social para los Grupos Etarios más Vulnerables: Plan de Inclusión Previsional y Asignación Universal por Hijo para Protección Social","resumen":"En este trabajo se analizan dos políticas de protección social implementadas en la Argentina con énfasis en aquellos sectores más vulnerables: el Plan de Inclusión Previsional (2005) destinado a adultos mayores y la Asignación Universal por Hijo para Protección Social   (2009), destinado a niños, niñas y adolescentes menores de 18 años, cuyos padres no estén amparados por el sistema de asignaciones familiares contributivas.    Los resultados obtenidos muestran que ambos programas han tenido importantes impactos en la ampliación de la cobertura de la seguridad social, y la reducción de la pobreza y la indigencia, que se extienden a todo el núcleo familiar.","palabras_clave":"TRANSFERENCIAS CONDICIONADAS DE INGRESOS|ASIGNACIÓN UNIVERSAL POR HIJO|MORATORIA PREVISIONAL|POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102209,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"How to Study Bats: Second Edition of a Classic Some Twenty Years Later. Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats, editado por T.H. Kunz and S. Parsons","resumen":"Book review: Kunz &amp; Parsons (eds.), Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of  bats (Johns Hopkins)","palabras_clave":"BATS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102298,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Revisión de las políticas sociales en Argentina. Hacia la configuración de un nuevo paradigma en política Social.","resumen":"Descripción y análisis de la evolución de las políticas sociales en Argentina desde la década del 80 a la actualidad. Del paradigma donde el Estado tenía un lugar central en las políticas sociales, que se  caracterizaban por el universalismo, se pasa a un Estado menos presente  en el ámbito social, donde las políticas sociales se caracterizan por la focalización. En estos últimos años el Estado vuelve a tomar un rol protagónico. Se realizan reflexiones sobre la necesidad de la conformación de un nuevo paradigma en política social que sea más inclusivo y dónde los actores sociales puedan aprovechar su capacidad de agencia.","palabras_clave":"POLÍTICA SOCIAL|PARADIGMA|ARGENTINA|CAPACIDAD DE AGENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102321,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"INFLUENCIA DE LA PROTEÍNA DE RESISTENCIA DEL CÁNCER DE MAMA (BCRP) EN LA FARMACOCINÉTICA DE LOS ANTIRRETROVIRALES","resumen":"La terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) es la terapia de elección en los personas portadoras del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). La seguridad y la eficacia de la TARGA se enfrentan tanto a los mecanismos de resistencia del virus como a la frecuente aparición de interacciones medicamentosas que limitan el acceso de estos medicamentos a los sitios de destino. La complejidad de los regímenes con ARV y la necesidad de otros medicamentos para tratar las comorbilidades conducen a un alto riesgo de interacciones droga-droga en pacientes infectados con VIH (1,2). Dentro de los mecanismos que conducen al fracaso de la TARGA se encuentra el eflujo activo de los ARV que afecta la acumulación de estos fármacos dentro de las células diana o de compartimientos donde se anida el virus que, como consecuencia, continúa replicándose. En el eflujo de los ARVs participan varios miembros de la superfamilia de transportadores ABC (ATP-binding cassette) como la BCRP. Este trabajo de revisión resume el conocimiento actual acerca de la influencia de la BCRP en los parámetros farmacocinéticos de los ARVs, y su posible papel en las interacciones droga-droga que disminuyen la eficacia y la seguridad de la TARGA.","palabras_clave":"BCRP|VIH|ANTIRRETROVIRALES|BIODISPONIBILIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102337,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Laser-plasma electrons acceleration in dielectric capillary tubes","resumen":"Electron beams and betatron X-ray radiation generated by laser wakefield acceleration in long plasma targets are studied. The targets consist of hydrogen filled dielectric capillary tubes of diameter 150 to 200 microns and length 6 to 20 mm. Electron beams are observed for peak laser intensities as low as 5 ?~ 1017 W\/cm2. It is found that the capillary collects energy outside the main peak of the focal spot and contributes to keep the beam self-focused over a distance longer than in a gas jet of similar density. This enables the pulse to evolve enough to reach the threshold for wavebreaking, and thus trap and accelerate electrons. No electrons were observed for capillaries of large diameter (250 ƒÊm), confirming that the capillary influences the interaction and does not have the same behaviour as a gas cell. Finally, X-rays are used as a diagnostic of the interaction and, in particular, to estimate the position of the electrons trapping point inside the capillary.?~ 1017 W\/cm2. It is found that the capillary collects energy outside the main peak of the focal spot and contributes to keep the beam self-focused over a distance longer than in a gas jet of similar density. This enables the pulse to evolve enough to reach the threshold for wavebreaking, and thus trap and accelerate electrons. No electrons were observed for capillaries of large diameter (250 ƒÊm), confirming that the capillary influences the interaction and does not have the same behaviour as a gas cell. Finally, X-rays are used as a diagnostic of the interaction and, in particular, to estimate the position of the electrons trapping point inside the capillary.","palabras_clave":"Electron|acceleration|plasma |wakefield"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102513,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"TRATAMIENTOS ESPECÍFICOS EN POLIQUISTOSIS RENAL AUTOSÓMICA DOMINANTE","resumen":"Las ciliopatías - y entre ellas ADPKD - han resultado ser un problema biológico complejo, develado ? y esto ha sido el gran servicio de la biología molecular- por las pistas que abrieron el descubrimiento de sus dos genes, PKD1 y PKD2. Los estudios en modelos animales han provisto evidencias muy convincentes de que el bloqueo de algunas de esas proteínas claves mejoran ?a veces dramáticamente- la evolución de la enfermedad. Esto no se ha traducido todavía en acciones similares en humanos, probablemente en parte por las dificultades de precisar la ?etapa biológica? en enfermedades de muy larga evolución y por las consiguientes incertidumbres de cuándo comenzar y cómo evaluar las propuestas terapéuticas emergentes. Sí se ha traducido en enfoques racionales de distintos ensayos clínicos. Es importante continuar en esta etapa con el aporte de los nefrólogos, haciendo observaciones clínicas inesperadas en familias afectadas, diseñando con el paciente un control periódico y frecuente de su enfermedad, tratando todas las enfermedades crónicas intercurrentes con el mayor celo y evitando las situaciones nefrotóxicas. Todo este aporte de la comunidad médica será decisivo para imaginar nuevos tratamientos, aumentar la eficacia de los ensayos clínicos futuros, disminuyendo así el ritmo de progresión de la enfermedad hasta niveles de función renal que eviten las terapias renales sustitutivas.","palabras_clave":"POLIQUISTOSIS RENAL|TOLVAPTAN|MTOR|SOMATOSTATINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102856,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structure of a lectin with antitumoral properties in king bolete (Boletus edulis) mushrooms","resumen":"A novel lectin has been isolated from the fruiting bodies of the common edible mushroom Boletus edulis (king bolete, penny bun, porcino, or cep) by affinity chromatography on a chitin column. We propose for the lectin the name BEL (Boletus edulis lectin). BEL inhibits selectively the proliferation of several malignant cell lines and binds the neoplastic cell specific T-antigen disaccharide, Galbeta1-3GalNAc. The lectin was structurally characterized: the molecule is a homotetramer and the 142 amino acid sequence of the chains was determined. The protein belongs to the saline-soluble family of mushroom fruiting body specific lectins. BEL was also crystallized and its three-dimensional structure was determined by X-ray diffraction to 1.15 Å resolution. The structure is similar to that of Agaricus bisporus lectin. Using the appropriate co-crystals, the interactions of BEL with specific mono and disaccharides were also studied by X-ray diffraction. The six structures of carbohydrate complexes reported here provide details of the interactions of the ligands with the lectin and shed light on the selectivity of the two distinct binding sites present in each protomer.","palabras_clave":"mushroom|lectin|structure|T-antigen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102944,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Interpolación de la ondulación geoidal geométrica mediante una red neuronal artificial multicapa.","resumen":"ABSTRACT&#1113221;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113192;&#1113191;&#1113201;&#1113198;&#1113220;&#1113217;&#1113191;&#1113206;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113198;&#1113203;&#1113197; &#1113194;&#1113196;&#1113195;&#1113191;&#1113201;&#1113201;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113198;&#1113194;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113193;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113193;&#1113206;&#1113209;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113191;&#1113200;&#1113231;&#1113206;&#1113193;&#1113241;&#1113204;&#1113191;&#1113194;&#1113248;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113211;&#1113198;&#1113192;&#1113193;&#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113194;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113198;&#1113194;&#1113194;&#1113193;&#1113218;&#1113193;&#1113201;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113208;&#1113197; &#1113198;&#1113203;&#1113197; &#1113231;&#1113196;&#1113192;&#1113193;&#1113206;&#1113209;&#1113197; &#1113209;&#1113191;&#1113198;&#1113209;&#1113211;&#1113196;&#1113220;&#1113231;&#1113193;&#1113200;&#1113196;&#1113201;&#1113197; coordinates of high precision, that have like reference a geocentric datum and a geometric model or reference ellipsoid for their representation in angular values, obtaining thus approximate the terrestrial &#1113203;&#1113198;&#1113211;&#1113217;&#1113229;&#1113197; &#1113222;&#1113196;&#1113200;&#1113231;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113198;&#1113193;&#1113206;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113194;&#1113204;&#1113211;&#1113203;&#1113196;&#1113200;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113198;&#1113203;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113201;&#1113196;&#1113206;&#1113191;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113200;&#1113198;&#1113204;&#1113206;&#1113195;&#1113194;&#1113197; &#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113197; &#1113196;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113198;&#1113194;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113193;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113197; &#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113199;&#1113206;&#1113191;&#1113202;&#1113197; &#1113218;&#1113208;&#1113197; &#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113194;&#1113197; &#1113201;&#1113196;&#1113195;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113204;&#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113248;&#1113197; &#1113201;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113209;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113204;&#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113196;&#1113206;&#1113202;&#1113197; &#1113191;&#1113201;&#1113201;&#1113193;&#1113220;&#1113194;&#1113198;&#1113193;&#1113202;&#1113196;&#1113201;&#1113197; &#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113193;&#1113209;&#1113231;&#1113195;&#1113260;&#1113197; &#1113218;&#1113198;&#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113197; &#1113199;&#1113211;&#1113194;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113192;&#1113196;&#1113201;&#1113204;&#1113191;&#1113194;&#1113197; &#1113220;&#1113211;&#1113198;&#1113192;&#1113193;&#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113231;&#1113198;&#1113211;&#1113193;&#1113234;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113195;&#1113196;&#1113201;&#1113197; &#1113201;&#1113198;&#1113200;&#1113196;&#1113195;&#1113193;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113197; &#1113236;&#1113193;&#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113197; &#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113194;&#1113220;&#1113191;&#1113200;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113198;&#1113197; &#1113200;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113192;&#1113191;&#1113206;&#1113195;&#1113193;&#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113196;&#1113201;&#1113197; &#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113203;&#1113191;&#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113206;&#1113200;&#1113191;&#1113194;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113196;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113196;&#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113202;&#1113191;&#1113199;&#1113206;&#1113191;&#1113202;&#1113197; &#1113198;&#1113206;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113203;&#1113191;&#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113206;&#1113200;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113191;&#1113201;&#1113201;&#1113193;&#1113220;&#1113194;&#1113198;&#1113193;&#1113202;&#1113229;&#1113197; &#1113221;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113191;&#1113201;&#1113201;&#1113193;&#1113220;&#1113194;&#1113198;&#1113193;&#1113202;&#1113196;&#1113201;&#1113197; &#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113193;&#1113209;&#1113231;&#1113195;&#1113197; &#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113220;&#1113211;&#1113191;&#1113194;&#1113191;&#1113206;&#1113195;&#1113194;&#1113197; &#1113195;&#1113231;&#1113191;&#1113197; &#1113202;&#1113193;&#1113194;&#1113195;&#1113196;&#1113206;&#1113200;&#1113191;&#1113197; measured on the normal of the ellipsoid from the point positione","palabras_clave":"GPS|ONDULATION GEOID|ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":102996,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PCR analysis of expR gene regulating biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides in Sinorhizobium meliloti","resumen":"Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by the rhizobacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti is essential for root nodule formation on its legume host (alfalfa), and for establishment of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between the two partners. Production of EPS II (galactoglucan) by certain S. meliloti strains results in a mucoid colony phenotype. Other strains that are unable to produce EPS II display a dry phenotype, due to the presence of an insertion element in the gene expR, a key regulator involved in many important cellular processes, including production of low-molecular-weight EPS II. We describe a series of three programmed undergraduate biochemistry laboratory classes teaching PCR and electrophoresis procedures to detect non-functional expR loci in S. meliloti","palabras_clave":"EXPR GEN |EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES|PCR|RHIZOBACTERIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103118,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"\u201CEffects of castration and testosterone replacement on the major antioxidant transcription factor in lung\u201D.","resumen":"Oxidative stress plays a key role of in several lung diseases and  Nrf2, a major antioxidant transcription factor could play a protective role in pulmonary disease. The presence of androgen receptors  in the lung implies that sex hormones play a physiological role in  pulmonary function.  The present study was designed to determine whether oxidative  stress after castration and androgen replacement was modified by  Nrf2 pathway.Wistar male rats (200 ± 20 g) were separated in three  groups: controls (Co, n:6), castrated (Ca, n:6), and castrated replaced with testosterone (Ca+T, n:6) 60 days after castrations. RNA  was extracted by the method of TRIzol. The level of RNAm was  quantified using RT-PCR and oxidative stress biomarkers were  measured. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. The results  indicate that castration significantly affected the antioxidant status, it is evidenced by a significant increase of TBAR\u2019S (mM\/mg  protein) (p<0.01) and SOD2 and CAT (p<0,01). Moreover, an increase in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes were modified significantly and not modified the level of Nrf2. We conclude  that Nrf2 could not involve the mechanism of protection in lung  injury produced after to castration.","palabras_clave":"Oxidative stress|lung"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103121,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"participacion de la hsp27 y hsp70i en procesos de citoproteccion con una deficiencia de zinc","resumen":"Existe una amplia variedad de evidencias que revelan la acción anti-inflamatoria y anti-apoptótica de las proteínas de golpe de calor (HSP), principalmente HSP70 inducida y HSP27. Por otro lado, se ha señalado que el Zinc actúa inhibiendo la activación de la caspasa-3 y por lo tanto la apoptosis. Resultados previos demostraron en animales con una deficiencia moderada de Zinc (DZ) un elevado estrés oxidativo y nitrosativo en pulmón (Gomez y col. 2006). Objetivo: determinar la expresión de marcadores de permeabilidad vascular VEGF y HSP en DZ y además analizar si la situación se revierte con la realimentación. Para ello se usaron ratas Wistar de (200 ± 20g) separadas en tres lotes: Grupo Control (Co) con un contenido de Zn de 30mg\/Kg de dieta, un lote deficiente en zinc (DZ) 5 mg\/Kg dieta y un tercer lote (Ral) que recibió dieta DZ y se realimentaron luego por 10 días con dieta Control. Usando técnicas de inmunohistoquímica se estudió la expresión de VEGF, HSP27 y HSP70 inducida en pulmón. Se determinó marcación positiva tanto en células, citoplasma, núcleo o ambos, según el patrón de expresión de cada anticuerpo. Los resultados muestran inmunomarcación positiva para HSP27 y HSP70i (p<0.001; p<0.01 respectivamente), en el grupo Ral comparado con el grupo Co. La expresión de VEGF incrementó en el grupo Ral (p<0.001). Conclusión: Observamos presencia de HSP27 en el grupo ZD y Ral lo cual podría estar asociado a la citoprotección. El incremento de VEGF en el grupo Ral indicaría un aumento de la angiogénesis para favorecer la funcionalidad del pulmón.","palabras_clave":"inmunohistoquímica |Zinc"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103126,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"efecto de la castración en el sistema antioxidante del pulmón","resumen":"Numerosas investigaciones dan cuenta de que el estrés oxidativo juega un rol clave en las patologías pulmonares. Por otro lado, la presencia de receptores para andrógenos en el pulmón sugiere que las hormonas sexuales tienen un rol en la función pulmonar. El presente estudio fue realizado para comparar la capacidad antioxidante después de 2 y 6 meses de castración, en rata macho adulta. Para ello se utilizaron ratas Wistar machode (200 ± 20g), separados en dos lotes: Control (Co) y castrados (Ca), ambos lotes (Co y Ca) se dividieron en dos grupos, los cuales se sacrificaron a los 60 y 180 días. Los pulmones se conservaron a -80ºC y se determinó posteriormente la lipoperoxidación cuantificando las sustancias reactivas al Acido tiobarbitúrico (TBAR\u2019S). Además, por RT-PCR se determinó la expresión de las enzimas del sistema de defensa antioxidante. También se utilizó muestra de pulmón para histología usando como fijador Bouín y se realizaron para ello cortes de 12 micras. Tanto a los 2 meses como a los 6 meses se observo un aumento significativo de los TBAR\u2019S (p< 0.01) de las ratas castrada con respecto a los controles. A los 2 meses las enzimas SOD2 y GPX-1 aumentaron significativamente (p< 0.01), no se modificaron; NOX2, CAT y Nrf2; mientras que a los 6 meses no observamos diferencias significativas en: NOX2, CAT, Nrf2 e iNOS. Los pulmones con 2 meses de castración presentaron una marcada infiltración y en algunas regiones se observó proliferación del tej. conectivo. Estos resultados, con dos meses de tratamiento, nos sugieren que la castración estaría produciendo un estado pro-inflamatorio que produce una activación del sistema de defensa antioxidante. Mientras que a los seis meses de castración la respuesta es diferente, no se advierte el grado de proliferación presente a los dos meses, no hay infiltración y se observa más espacios no funcionales. Por lo que estos resultados nos permiten plantear que a los seis meses de castración hay una claro desbalance entre el sistema pro y antioxidante.","palabras_clave":"pulmón|sistema de defensa antioxidante.|castracion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103128,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Capillary electrophoresis for glutathione and glutathione disulfide quantification to monitor oxidative stress by cadmium in Glycine max L. leaves","resumen":"Capillary electrophoresis for glutathione and glutathione disulfide quantification to monitor oxidative stress by cadmium in Glycine max L. leaves","palabras_clave":"glutathion|plant|stress oxidative"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103160,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Accesibilidad en la Práctica","resumen":"La Accesibilidad Web es una cualidad indispensable para garantizar los derechos de las personas al acceso a la información publicada en Internet. Aunque existan normas vigentes desde 1998, el 10% de los sitios argentinos son inaccesibles[1]. Los desarrolladores Web, deben considerar a toda persona, independientemente de las capacidades y limitaciones que posea, como potencial usuario de sus sitios. En este artículo, se presentan las diferentes acciones académicas llevadas a cabo en la Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata cuya finalidad va desde formar a futuros desarrolladores Web en la temática como también, difundir el tema, instalarlo en los diferentes ámbitos de la Universidad, desarrollar productos accesibles, hasta inclusive acercar las TICs y su enseñanza a alumnos discapacitados. Estas acciones intentan afianzar el espíritu impulsado desde la Ley 26.653, que establece que los sitios Web estatales argentinos deben ser accesibles, garantizando igualdad de oportunidades y trato.","palabras_clave":"TICs|Tecnologías Asistivas|Accesibilidad Web|Software Libre"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103236,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Participación universitaria en el fortalecimiento de redes de salud","resumen":null,"palabras_clave":"VACIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103326,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Engineering Method for Air-Cooling Design of Two-Seat Propeller-Driven Aircraft Powered by Fuel Cells","resumen":"The application of fuel cell technology to aircraft propulsion and\/or energy supply is becoming of great interest for undoubted advantages in terms of pollution emissions and noise, features particularly important for commuter airplanes that usually take-off and land from and in urban areas. The conversion of conventional aircraft into more\/all electric one tends to be based on the installation of such innovative systems. A better understanding of problems related to fuel cells applied to aeronautics is sought by the EC funded project ENFICA-FC (ENvironmentally Friendly Inter City Aircraft powered by Fuel Cells). The main objective of the ENFICA-FC project is to develop and to validate the use of a fuel cell based power system for propulsion of an all-electric aircraft. The fuel cell system will be installed in a light sport aircraft (Rapid 200) that will be flown and performance-tested as a proof of functionality and future applicability. Specific aspects have to be investigated in the on-board installation of the innovative system and new design indications have to be pointed out in order to fulfil the conversion. One of the key items under investigation is the simulation of existing  cooling system and the evaluation of motor and fuel cell temperature; the temperature has to be maintained within the limits established by manufacturers of critical systems during all likely operating conditions as indicated by  aeronautic regulations for general aviation. The computational problem addressed in this paper is the numerical CFD simulation of the existing air cooling system that satisfy air request for cooling and venting. An engineering model has been developed and it is used to support air inlet and outlet design. The flow is reasonably approximated by a potential flow plus boundary layer; hence, total upstream pressure losses are neglected except for those within the thin boundary layer. Pressure recovery of incoming cooling air and pressure coefficient distribution has been studied by using VSAERO panel code and the optimal position of cooling and venting intakes is defined according to aerodynamic results. Propeller effects are included referring to an optimal propeller specifically designed for the ENFICA-FC project. Propeller slipstream wake is modelled by an actuator disk  plus a swirl membrane and used to study the problem of motor, electronic and fuel cells cooling during take off.","palabras_clave":"Fuel Cell Aircraft|Heat exchanger design|Cooling|Aircraft design"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103329,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sensitivity analysis of temperature uncertainty in an aircraft PEM fuel cell","resumen":"Nowadays, growing interest in the application of renewable energy sources has led to a rapid development of more environmentally sustainable and green thinking applications. The application of fuel cell technology to aircraft propulsion and\/or auxiliary energy supply is becoming of great interest for undoubted advantages in terms of pollution emissions, noise reduction and lower dependency on oil price and availability. In 2006 European Commission founded the ENFICA-FC project, coordinated by Politecnico di Torino, whose aim was to develop new all-electric and more-electric aircraft concepts and to directly prove the feasibility of such designs by flying an all-electric general aviation aircraft powered by hydrogen fuel cells. Reliability of fuel cell system is a very important aspect for the safety of these aircraft, but experimental data concerning fuel cell systems in aeronautics are still unavailable to scientific community. This paper presents the research activity done by authors to support the design of \u201Cfuel cell aircrafts\u201D from the failure analysis point of view; classic approaches to structural reliability are here applied to rank the importance of the failures of sensors used by fuel cell control logic in order to support the definition of accurate Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis (Risk matrix).","palabras_clave":"Aircraft Pem fuel cell |Sensitivity analysis |Temperature uncertainty |Dynamic model"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103331,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Fuel Cell Based Propulsion System for General Aviation Aircraft: The ENFICA-FC Experience.","resumen":"The hydrogen and fuel cell power based technologies that are rapidly emerging can be exploited to start a new generation of propulsion systems for light aircraft and small commuter aircraft. Different studies were undertaken in recent years on fuel cells in aeronautics. Boeing Research & Technology Centre (Madrid) successfully flew its converted Super Dimona in 2008 relying on a fuel cell based system. DLR flew in July 2009 with the motor-glider Antares powered by fuel cells. The goal of the ENFICA-FC project (ENvironmentally Friendly Inter City Aircraft powered by Fuel Cells - European Commission funded project coordinated by Prof. Giulio Romeo) was to develop and validate new concepts of fuel cell based power systems for more\/all electric aircrafts belonging to a \u201Cinter-city\u201D segment of the market. As a result of the project, a technology demonstrator was designed, manufactured and tested: a new proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell based power system was installed in the Skyleader RAPID200 that had its demonstrative flights in 2010.One of the most critical, if not the most critical, aspect of the all-electric power system adopted for demonstrator is undoubtedly prediction of fuel cell behaviour, specifically in terms of temperature control since reduced volumes and low weights (needed for the aeronautical applications) are not beneficial from a heat-management point of view. Moreover temperature control of PEM fuel cell is extremely important for a correct employment of the cell itself and, since the fuel cell is the main power generating device on the aircraft (batteries are however present as emergency back-up), temperature control becomes a very important safety issue too. In particular, as the ionic conduction of the polymeric membrane is a function of its degree of humidification, the stack temperature has to be carefully controlled to avoid phenomena of water evaporation causing an increase of ohmic drop and a decrease of stack performances. The output power of the fuel cells system is affected considerably by the change of the stack temperature. The paper will report a description of the research activity that lead to the fuel cell based power system developed for the ENFICA-FC project: the main topics will regard the design phase, including numerical and theoretical modelling (validated by flight tests) of the fuel cell system and its cooling, the results of ground testing and installation and, finally, the results of flight testing.","palabras_clave":"Fuel Cell Based Propulsion |Hidrogen|Experimental Data|Dynamic model"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103361,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los ensamblajes líticos de Rincón Chico 2\/87","resumen":"En este trabajo aplicamos la técnica del ensamblaje al material lítico hallado en el sitio Rincón Chico 2, provincia de Neuquén, Argentina. Para ello, proponemos conocer los agentes y procesos que afectaron al registro arqueológico y por lo tanto, los que pudieron influir en la obtención de ensamblajes, los que identificamos y evaluamos su eventual accionar. También brindamos los lineamientos generales seguidos para la aplicación de la técnica del ensamblaje lítico y los alcances y limitaciones que fueron surgiendo durante el transcurso del estudio. Además de mencionar algunos hitos respecto de la aplicación del ensamblaje a nivel mundial, pretendemos realizar aportes que contribuyan, desde perspectivas de teoría y método, para una mejor aplicación del recurso. En el sitio, las materias primas de baja calidad para la confección de instrumentos (como las tobas silicificadas) tendrían mayor posibilidad de ensamblar ya que no habrían sido transportadas fuera del área de su confección. Por otro lado, los movimientos horizontales de las piezas ensambladas estarían dados, principalmente, por circulación humana y animal, aunque probablemente haya habido acciones intencionales como el arrojo de objetos y\/o limpieza de estructuras; en cambio, el movimiento vertical respondería a factores naturales del proceso de enterramiento. Además, planteamos que en el sitio no se hallarían acumulaciones primarias de talla.","palabras_clave":"Sitio Rincón Chico 2\/87|Neuquén|Ensamblajes líticos|Análisis espacial"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103383,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reseña de Díaz, Esther, Las grietas del control","resumen":"ESTHER DIAZ, Las grietas del control. Vida,vigilancia y caos, Buenos Aires, Editorial Biblos, 2011.Una de las apuestas fundamentales de la filosofía de hoy en día coincidecon el legado fundamental de Michel Foucault: la construcción de una ontologíadel presente. Impregnados de semejante herencia, autores comoAgamben, Esposito y Negri nos ofrecen, en obras como Hommo saccer, Inmunitas e Imperio,reflexiones filosóficas a partir de hechos de actualidad: guerra contra el terrorismo, migraciones masivas, políticassanitarias y demográficas. Se necesita con suma urgencia filósofos capaces deofrecer alguna teoría&nbsp; que haga inteligibles tales acontecimientos. Con Las grietas del control. Vida,vigilancia y caos, Esther Díaz nos presenta una variación particular deesto. Allí se dedica a elaborar una epistemología delpresente, retomando de ese modo uno de los aspectosmás complejos del propio Foucault:su veta epistemológica. La filósofa avanza pensando figuras epistémicas que permiten elucidar ciertos acontecimientos que tienen lugar en elmundo de hoy. ","palabras_clave":"metodología|epistmeologia|Foucault"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103410,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Lupus eritematoso Gyratus Repens","resumen":"El lupus eritematoso cutaneo subagudo (LECS) es considerado una enfermedad intermedia entre LE discoide y LE sistémico grave; observandose en aproximadamente un tercio de los pacientes lesiones anulares policýclicas. El llamado «lupus eritematoso gyratus repens» (LEGR) es una variante anular independiente del LECS. Fue descrito por primera vez en 1959, como eritema figurado cronico recurrente en un paciente con LE cronico y el primer caso publicado bajo el nombre de LEGR fue en 1975 por Hewitt et al, no existiendo consenso general sobre su nomenclatura. Un rasgo clýnico caracterýstico del LEGR es el eritema anular concentrico, moderadamente infiltrado, de doble contorno, con escamas. Las ondas que aparecen dentro de los anillos ya existentes, son a menudo mas fuertemente infiltradas y pueden presentar lesiones erosivo-costrosas de la superficie. Estos hallazgos dermatologicos no se ven en otros eritemas anulares. El estudio histopatológico demuestra una marcada atrofia de la epidermis, con queratinocitos necroticos, degeneracion hidropica de la capa basal y moderado infiltrado inflamatorio en la dermis. La monoterapia con corticoides topicos es insuficiente y la respuesta a antimalaricos es controvertida. Destacamos la importancia del LEGR en relacion a: la delimitacion del diagnostico diferencial de otras dermatosis, el pronostico reservado y el tratamiento multidisciplinario.","palabras_clave":"LUPUS GYRATUS REPENS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103507,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis neotectónico del extremo norte del sobrecorrimiento La Cantera, provincia de San Juan. Argentina","resumen":"El área de estudio corresponde al sector norte del sobrecorrimiento La Cantera, ubicado a 56 km al noroeste de la ciudad de San Juan y a unos 30 km de los tres principales embalses ubicados sobre el río San Juan. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en conocer los aspectos morfotectónicos de la zona, efectuar un análisis directo e indirecto de la traza de la falla a partir del estudio de la red de drenaje y analizar las características generales del trazo que afecta las unidades holocenas del corrimiento La Cantera. La red de drenaje de la zona es dendrítica, típica de abanicos aluviales y muestra anomalías que se relacionan directamente con la traza de la falla La Cantera. Se determinaron dos tipos de anomalías: aguas arriba del escarpe de la falla, la red posee un patrón de drenaje en rastrillo (broom-shaped river pattern) y en el bloque elevado la red dendrítica se vuelve más densa e incidida. Se analizaron cuatro trincheras naturales y una artificial, las cuales permitieron identificar el plano del corrimiento La Cantera, de rumbo norte-sur y buzamiento aproximado 30º al oeste. En dos trincheras se reconocieron dos cuñas coluviales que señalarían al menos dos episodios sísmicos. En una de ellas se pudo datar por el método 12C\/13C &nbsp;un nivel con una incipiente edafización afectado por la falla, obteniéndose una edad de 4580 ± 50 AP, lo que indicaría que uno de los eventos ocurrió con posterioridad a la formación de ese nivel. ","palabras_clave":"NEOTECTONICA|LA CANTERA|PRECORDILLERA|SISMO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103512,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Morphometric characterization of del Molle Basin applied to the evaluation of flash floods hazard, Iglesia Department. San Juan, Argentina","resumen":"One of the main geological hazards that affect the Iglesia department is flash floods, produced by heavy seasonal rains, characterized by their high velocities and destructive power. These streams are generated in the watersheds of the mountainous region of the Cordillera Frontal.The del Molle basin was selected as a suitable case to evaluate the potential magnitude of &#64258;ash &#64258;oods in relation to their associated hazard level in the Malimán de Arriba town, located directly at the confluence of the tributaries with the Blanco River. This paper evaluates some of the hydrological aspects of a torrential regime basin that caused severe damages in Malimán village during January 2010.This work analyzes different morphometric characteristics of the El Molle basin in order to evaluate the &#64258;ash &#64258;ood hazard. For this purpose, the basin is divided into four sub-basins and some basic parameters (surface, perimeter, basin length, elevations and slope of the main river bed) are calculated. These parameters allow to predict approximately the behavior of the basin in the presence of a series of theoretical rainstorms which may generate unusual runoff volumes. The predicted - &#64258;ash &#64258;oods were compared against the Malimán flash flood. ","palabras_clave":"MALIMAN|FLASH FLOOD|HAZARD|SAN JUAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103756,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Comportamiento, Historia y Evolución","resumen":"Este trabajo tiene como finalidad mostrar cómo las distintas investigaciones del comportamiento animal han permitido comprender el origen y evolución de la conducta del ser humano, introduciendo el proceso de ?síntesis? como premisa fundamental para entender la esencia del mecanismo integrativo cortical. Desde una perspectiva histórica son varias las disciplinas que han abordado el estudio del comportamiento animal. Todas ellas tienen un mismo origen teórico, aunque existan diferencias en el origen geográfico, en los sujetos típicos de estudio, en los métodos utilizados y en la problemática del objeto de estudio.","palabras_clave":"Comportamiento|Evolución |Historia|Sujeto"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103918,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Esquema teórico para el estudio de la vulnerabilidad socio-territorial a inundaciones en ámbitos rurales","resumen":"Los abordajes teóricos que permiten analizar y comprender la vulnerabilidad social en ámbitos rurales han sido poco desarrollados. Se considera que la misma constituye un proceso de construcción social determinado por los vínculos socio-territoriales que se materializan en el territorio, a diversas escalas. Dichos vínculos responden a la racionalidad que los direcciona y han sido predominantemente orientados por las estructuras de poder y decisión, que terminan por instalar formas de uso del territorio ?extrañas? al lugar. Estas formas de uso materializadas en el sureste de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina), refuerzan la vulnerabilidad socio-territorial a inundaciones. Se propone, como alternativa, discutir con relación a los vínculos que se materializan en el territorio sobre la premisa de promover su uso ?en? el lugar y ?para? el lugar, pensado como patrimonio social común, bajo los principios rectores de compromiso y responsabilidad social y distribución de justicia socio-territorial.","palabras_clave":"Vulnerabilidad socio-territorial|Ámbito Rural|Uso del territorio|Neoliberalismo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103992,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Acción política y jurídica en defensa de la vida y la familia","resumen":"El presente artículo se refiere a los medios legales y prácticos con los que cuenta el creyente, ante situaciones de manifiesta injusticia, que son las que impiden el desarrollo pleno de su religiosidad, sometiéndolo a situaciones equívocas y que lo apartan de los principios que rigen su credo. Se analiza así la posibilidad de ejercer la desobediencia civil y la objeción de conciencia, como formas concretas de insumisión, frente a una ley o una política injusta o inmoral. Se intenta demostrar, asimismo, que muchas veces el mismo sistema legal provee normas que pueden ser empleadas como eficaz defensa en casos de ataque a la conciencia religiosa o moral.","palabras_clave":"DESOBEDIENCIA CIVIL|OBJECIÓN DE CONCIENCIA|JUSTICIA|DERECHO NATURAL PRIMARIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":103995,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El neoconstitucionalismo, ¿es realmente neo?","resumen":"El denominado 'neoconstitucionalismo' tiene poco de nuevo: en realidad es una especie de nuevo positivismo, al basarse siempre en normas positivas y en nombre de supuestos consensos. Aunque muchos consideran que el neoconstitucionalismo es una forma de iusnaturalismo, esto es un grueso error, pues el derecho natural clásico -que el autor defiende- se basa en la naturaleza de las cosas, y su validez no depende de las mayorías ni del derecho positivo","palabras_clave":"CONSTITUCIONALISMO|NEOCONSTITUCIONALISMO|ACTUACIÓN JUDICIAL|DERECHO NATURAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104000,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Inutilidad de la posesión viciosa actual en la teoría de las relaciones reales","resumen":"Ponderación acerca de la esterilidad de la categoría de la posesión viciosa en el ordenamiento jurídico argentino","palabras_clave":"DERECHOS REALES|POSESION|VICIOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104061,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for First Harmonic Modulation in the Right Ascension Distribution of Cosmic Rays Detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"We present the results of searches for dipolar-type anisotropies in different energy ranges above 2.5&nbsp;×&nbsp;1017&nbsp;eV with the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory, reporting on both the phase and the amplitude measurements of the first harmonic modulation in the right-ascension distribution. Upper limits on the amplitudes are obtained, which provide the most stringent bounds at present, being below 2% at 99% C.L. for EeV energies. We also compare our results to those of previous experiments as well as with some theoretical expectations.","palabras_clave":"Ultra-high energy cosmic rays|Large scale anisotropies|Pierre Auger Observatory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104136,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Vínculos sociales y prácticas políticas en la frontera sur de Córdoba en una década clave. 1870-1880","resumen":"Este artículo aborda una región, el sur de la provincia de Córdoba, que hacia fines del siglo XIX se reformuló territorial y administrativamente como departamento pero a la vez continuaba desarrollándose en su rol de zona de frontera, para explicar en ella la dinámica de vínculos sociales y políticos construidos. Esos vínculos anclaban en la diversidad de prácticas institucionales generadas a partir del ejercicio de las funciones públicas, (militares, judiciales, policiales, políticas) o bien de la labor misional. Esos vínculos junto a las prácticas institucionales y la defensa de los intereses locales operaban desde lo territorial; pero también estaban mediados por aquél carácter de frontera. A través de este análisis se mostrará cómo se potenciaban vínculos de distinto grado, los cuales tenían una funcionalidad social y también política, por cuanto servían como estrategia para construir poder en la región, articular relaciones con la provincia o bien instalar en la agenda gubernamental la representatividad de los intereses departamentales.Disponible en web: http:\/\/www.uel.br\/revistas\/uel\/index.php\/antiteses\/article\/view\/8153\/9711Revista Indizada. ISSN: 1984-3356.Revista Indexada en Latindex, Aseza, BASE, BIBSYS, CLASE, E-jurnals.org, e-Revist@s, Ex Libris, GeoDados, Sumários de Revistas Brasileiras.","palabras_clave":"TERRITORIO |REPRESENTACIONES |SOCIEDAD FRONTERIZA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104381,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of repetitiveness on the immunogenicity and antigenicity of Trypanosoma cruzi FRA protein","resumen":"Repetitive proteins (RP) of Trypanosoma cruzi are highly   present in the parasite and are strongly recognized by sera from Chagas?   disease patients. Flagelar Repetitive Antigen (FRA), which is expressed   in all steps of the parasite life cycle, is the RP that displays the   greatest number of aminoacids per repeat and has been indicated as one   of the most suitable candidate for diagnostic test because of its high   performance in immunoassays. Here we analyzed the influence of the   number of repeats on the immunogenic and antigenic properties of the   antigen. Recombinant proteins containing one, two, and four tandem   repeats of FRA (FRA1, FRA2, and FRA4, respectively) were obtained and   the immune response induced by an equal amount of repeats was evaluated   in a mouse model. The reactivity of specific antibodies present in sera   from patients naturally infected with T. cruzi was also   assessed against FRA1, FRA2, and FRA4 proteins, and the relative avidity   was analyzed. We determined that the number of repeats did not increase   the humoral response against the antigen and this result was reproduced   when the repeated motifs were alone or fused to a non-repetitive   protein. By contrast, the binding affinity of specific human antibodies   increases with the number of repeated motifs in FRA antigen. We then   concluded that the high ability of FRA to be recognized by specific   antibodies from infected individuals is mainly due to a favorable   polyvalent interaction between the antigen and the antibodies. In   accordance with experimental results, a 3D model was proposed and B   epitope in FRA1, FRA2, and FRA4 were predicted.","palabras_clave":"Repetitive proteins|antigen|antigenicity|Immunogenicity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104636,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nitrogen fixation by soybean in the Pampas: relationship between yield and soil nitrogen balance","resumen":"Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is the major grain crop in the Pampas. Its productivity strongly depends on soil nitrogen availability and biological nitrogen fixation because nitrogen fertilizers are not usually applied. Scarce local information has been generated about biological nitrogen fixation potential of soybean crops or to the soil nitrogen balance during its growing season. A meta-analysis was performed of locally published results from 10 field experiments in order to estimate average values of nitrogen fixation from the atmosphere, crop yield and soil nitrogen balance in the region and, also, to fit a regression model relating yield and fixed nitrogen. Results were compared with a nitrogen balance calculated using a model fitted to worldwide data. Nitrogen fixation in aboveground biomass was assessed by isotopic methodologies in all the experiments and an estimation of fixed nitrogen in roots was performed. Grain yield varied from 662 kg of dry matter (DM) ha-1 for non nodulating isolines to 4260 kg DM ha-1 for commercial varieties. Nitrogen fixation accounted for 20 to 55% of the plant nitrogen. In average, 40% of the soybean nitrogen was fixed from the atmosphere, rounding 109 kg N ha-1. Shoot biomass and grain yield were positively correlated to fixed nitrogen (R2&gt; 0.69, P = 0.05). The slope of the regression of the amount of fixed nitrogen against yield showed that, in average, the crop fixed from the atmosphere 52 kg of N t-1 DM grain produced. By harvest approximately 60 kg of N t-1 DM were extracted from the agricultural system. Consequently, the apparent soil nitrogen balance was slightly negative and as higher the yield, the more negative the nitrogen balance. For an average soybean yield in the Pampas (2600 kg ha-1, 14% water) the soil nitrogen balance can be estimated to be -18 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Estimation of fixed nitrogen with the model adjusted to worldwide data was higher than with the local model and the calculated nitrogen balance turned to positive, so this later model seemed not to beapplicable to pampean conditions. Future research is needed for the evaluation and thedevelopment of management practices and crop rotations for minimizing the negativesoil nitrogen balance of the region.","palabras_clave":"FIJACIÓN|NITRÓGENO|SOJA|PAMPAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104721,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Saberes modernos para políticas eficaces. El derecho laboral y el estudio del mundo del trabajo. Córdoba. 1906-1930","resumen":"Este artículo pretende analizar el proceso de producción de conocimiento social en torno a la cuestión obrera en la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Concretamente, explora la manera en la cual los intelectuales desarrollaron una serie de herramientas metodológicas y conceptuales de las ciencias sociales para la elaboración de los primeros análisis sobre los problemas del mundo del trabajo. Para ello, examina la producción de un grupo profesores e investigadores vinculados a la cátedra de Legislación Industrial, creada en 1906 con el fin de introducir los modernos contenidos del derecho laboral.","palabras_clave":"conocimiento social|cuestión obrera |intelectuales |derecho laboral"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104772,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una institución ilegal: la historia del jogo do bicho. Amy Chazkel, Laws of chance. Brasil 's clandestine lottery and the Making of  Urban Public life","resumen":"Laws of Change pone en el centro del análisis una singular lotería de Río de Janeiro que salió del zoológico del Baron de Drummond para estallar en un sistema de apuestas clandestinas -que asocia números y figuras de animales- en cada rincón de las calles cariocas: el llamado jogo do bicho. Amy Chazkel renueva un área de de estudios que en la década del noventa en Brasil comenzó a seguir, desde la historia social y la antropología, la trayectoria de esta lotería ilegal que llegó a convertirse en una práctica popular vigente hasta la actualidad. ","palabras_clave":"LOTERIA|CLANDESTINA|BRASIL|REPUBLICANO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104899,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Necesidades, libertad y liberación. La cuestión de las necesidades, los deseos y las preferencias en H. Marcuse y F. Hinkelammert: Aproximaciones","resumen":"El presente texto es un primer acercamiento a la tensión entre las necesidades y preferencias a partir de dos pensadores significativos para la Teoría Crítica. Herbert Marcuse, miembro de la primera generación de la Escuela de Frankfurt y Franz Hinkelammert, referente de una renovada Teoría Crítica nacida y continuada creativamente en América Latina. Pensadores que darán elementos esclarecedores para profundizar una problemática que nos preocupa hace tiempo: la cooptación de los deseos y su metamorfosis en necesidades como mecanismo de dominación que opera, no ya en la conciencia sino en la misma sensibilidad humana.","palabras_clave":"NECESIDADES|LIBERACIÓN|DESEOS|MARCUSE HINKELAMMERT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":104989,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Manos sucias, manos limpias Una experiencia en el laboratorio para reconocer la importancia del lavado de manos","resumen":"La alfabetización, como derecho constitucional, debe entenderse como la apropiación continua y permanente de los códigos necesarios para comunicarse, desarrollarse humanamente, ejercer la ciudadanía y construir proyectos de vida en todos los planos.En ese contexto entendemos a la alfabetización científica como una propuesta de trabajo que implica generar situaciones de enseñanza que recuperen las experiencias de los chicos con los fenómenos naturales. Por esta razón, diseñamos experiencias que se adecuen a estos intereses.La escuela, a través de la realización de prácticas de laboratorio, tiene un papel social insustituible en el desarrollo de los procesos comprensivos y en la apropiación de conocimientos por parte de los alumnos. Alfabetizar científicamente ayuda a lograr en los chicos competencias como: observar, describir, comparar y clasificar, formular preguntas, proponer hipótesis y predicciones, diseñar experimentos para poder poner a prueba  la hipótesis, analizar resultados, proponer explicaciones que den cuenta de los resultados, buscar e interpretar información  en  textos científicos y otras fuentes, argumentar, etc.Con este trabajo, nos propusimos que niños de quinto grado, realizaran experiencias sencillas abordando los siguientes contenidos: mezclas homogéneas y heterogéneas, densidad, inmiscibilidad, métodos de separación de fases entre otros. Dichas temáticas se encuentran incluidas dentro del curriculum de la escuela.Se trabajó en grupos pequeños, de cuatro alumnos cada uno, a cado grupo se les suministró los componentes de tres mezclas heterogéneas: mezcla Nro. 1 (agua y aceite),  mezcla Nro, 2 (alcohol y aceite) y mezcla Nro. 3 (arena y agua). Luego cada uno de ellos armó el equipo correspondiente (decantación o filtración), para proceder a la separación de las fases. Para ello manipularon elementos de laboratorio como soporte universal, anillas, ampollas de decantación, embudos, papel de filtro, vaso de precipitado, erlenmeyer, etc Al finalizar la experiencia, los chicos pudieron comprobar la inmiscibilidad, la diferencia de densidad y posterior separación  de las  sustancias a ensayar, que son  de uso común y fácil accesibilidad como agua, el aceite y el alcohol (en el caso de la decantación) ; como así también la separación  de la arena y el  agua (en el caso de la filtración). Se trabajo oralmente en la de comunicación de resultados  y en el registro escrito en los cuadernos de clase.Creemos que desde las escuelas, debemos generar estrategias, como la descripta, de acercamiento a la ciencia, que favorezcan la interpretación, la resolución de problemas, el trabajo autónomo y su posterior comunicación, asegurando de este modo el derecho de todos los alumnos a ser alfabetizados científicamente.","palabras_clave":"Laboratorio|Lavado de manos|Escuela primaria|enfermedades"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105017,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La ilusión de transparencia","resumen":"El artículo forma parte de un dossier denominado 'El siglo XIX de Tulio Halperin Donghi' destinado a analizar las obras de este historiador referidas al siglo XIX. Mi contribución es un ensayo&nbsp;referido al libro Una nación para el desierto argentino.","palabras_clave":"HALPERIN-DONGHI|SIGLO XIX|NACION|POLITICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105020,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Short-term morphodynamic changes in a fetch limited beach at the Ebro delta (Spain), under low wave-energy conditions","resumen":"Sandy beaches in fetch-limited environments are protected from large ocean-generated swell waves, and fetchcharacteristics allow local wind-generated waves and currents to develop and drive the main morphodynamicprocesses. The morphodynamics of these low-energy beaches present a peculiar behaviour since there is not adominant forcing mechanism inducing the beach changes. The main objective of this work is to describe andquantify the observed morphodynamic changes at the barred, quasi longshore-uniform beach of the TrabucadorBar at the Ebro Delta (Spain) under low-energy conditions. A nine-day field campaign was carried out within theframework of the European project FANS (Fluxes Across Narrow Shelves. The Ebro Delta Case) supported bythe EC MAST-III Research Programme, (Contract No. MAS3-CT95-0037, DG12 ? ESCY) and themeasurements included a detailed topo-bathymetric surveying at the beginning and at the end of the campaign,video recordings covering the whole domain of the study area, surf zone waves and currents time series obtainedat different positions and depths, nearshore pressure and horizontal velocities time series outside the surf zone.The results show that the beach underwent important longshore and cross-shore (the breaching of the submergedbar) morphodynamic changes under low-energy conditions. The observations suggest that the low-energy wavefield and the beach profile played a key role in the generation of low frequency oscillations and rip currents thatreshaped the whole study zone.","palabras_clave":"fetch limited beaches|coastal morphodynamics|field measurements|Ebro delta"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105092,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Net carbon exchange in grapevine canopies responds rapidly","resumen":"Whole-canopy net CO2 exchange (NCEC) was measured near key stages of fruit development in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) that were managed under three approaches to regulated deficit&nbsp; irrigation (RDI): (1) standard practice (RDIS), or weekly replacement of 60?70% of estimated evapotranspiration for well watered grapevines; (2) early additional deficit (RDIE), or one-half of RDIS applied between fruit set and the onset of ripening (veraison), followed by RDIS; and (3) RDIS followed by late additional deficit (RDIL), or one-half of RDIS applied between veraison and harvest. Summed between fruit set and harvest, nearly 40% less irrigation was applied to RDIE vines and ~20% less to RDIL vines than to those continuously under RDIS. After ~5 weeks of additional deficit, NCEC in RDIE vines was 43?46% less per day than in RDIS vines. After RDIL vines had been under additional water deficit for ~3 weeks, NCEC was ~33% less per day than in RDIS vines. Instantaneous rates of NCEC responded rapidly to irrigation delivery and elapsed time between irrigation sets. Concurrent single-leaf measurements (NCEL) reflected the relative differences in NCEC between irrigation treatments, and were linearly associated with NCEC (r2 = 0.61). Despite halving the water applied under commercial RDI, mid-day stomatal conductance values in RDIE and RDIL of ~50?125 mmolm?2 s?1 indicated that the additional deficit imposed only moderate water stress. There was no effect of additional deficit on yield or berry maturity. 2 exchange (NCEC) was measured near key stages of fruit development in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) that were managed under three approaches to regulated deficit&nbsp; irrigation (RDI): (1) standard practice (RDIS), or weekly replacement of 60?70% of estimated evapotranspiration for well watered grapevines; (2) early additional deficit (RDIE), or one-half of RDIS applied between fruit set and the onset of ripening (veraison), followed by RDIS; and (3) RDIS followed by late additional deficit (RDIL), or one-half of RDIS applied between veraison and harvest. Summed between fruit set and harvest, nearly 40% less irrigation was applied to RDIE vines and ~20% less to RDIL vines than to those continuously under RDIS. After ~5 weeks of additional deficit, NCEC in RDIE vines was 43?46% less per day than in RDIS vines. After RDIL vines had been under additional water deficit for ~3 weeks, NCEC was ~33% less per day than in RDIS vines. Instantaneous rates of NCEC responded rapidly to irrigation delivery and elapsed time between irrigation sets. Concurrent single-leaf measurements (NCEL) reflected the relative differences in NCEC between irrigation treatments, and were linearly associated with NCEC (r2 = 0.61). Despite halving the water applied under commercial RDI, mid-day stomatal conductance values in RDIE and RDIL of ~50?125 mmolm?2 s?1 indicated that the additional deficit imposed only moderate water stress. There was no effect of additional deficit on yield or berry maturity. ","palabras_clave":"Cabernet sauvignon|carbon assimilation|CO2 fixation|drought"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105170,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Monstruos perfectos: la educación criminal de Miroslavo Hordt","resumen":"Reseña crítica del policial negro Monstruos perfectos (2011) de Miguel Ángel Molfino.","palabras_clave":"CHACO|LITERATURA ARGENTINA|LITERATURA POLICIAL|NARRATIVA CONTEMPORÁNEA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105194,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Puertas, C., Trentacoste, E. R., Morábito, J. A., Perez Peña, J. 2011. Effects of regultaed deficit","resumen":"In recent years, ?Arbequina? has been the most widely planted cultivar in Argentina. Its low polyphenol content and oxidative stability affect the oils? commercial value. It has been suggested that reducing irrigation for olive trees may improve not only polyphenol content and oxidative stability, but also the percentage of oil extracted and water use efficiency. The effects of regulated deficit irrigation were evaluated in 9-year old ?Arbequina? olive orchard during growing seasons 2006-07 and 2007-08. Two levels of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and a control were imposed during stage III of fruit development until harvest: T66 and T33 received 66 and 33% respectively of the dose applied to the control treatment T (100% of crop evapotranspiration). Water status, leaf gas exchange, yield and oil quality parameters were evaluated. In both seasons T33 showed the lowest stem water potential generating a mild water stress. Stomatal conductance was similar among treatments. Yield and yield components (fruit weight, stone weight, humidity and oil content) were not affected by RDI treatments. During the second season, all treatments showed similar reductions in crop load compared to the first season, with no irrigation effects on alternate bearing pattern. Deficit irrigation did not affect oil yield. The quality parameters evaluated (free acidity, peroxide value, total polyphenol content and oxidative stability) were different between years. Total polyphenol content correlated with oxidative stability only in the second season (r=0.97). Irrigation treatment did not affect fatty acid composition. Water savings of 18 and 15% were achieved in T33 in the first and second growing season respectively.","palabras_clave":"Olive|RDI|Stem water potential|industrial yield|polyphenol"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105219,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una singular articulación entre comunidad y saberes: las misiones de divulgación cultural en la Escuela Serena (Rosario, 1935-1950)","resumen":"El trabajo se centra en un aspecto de la propuesta educativa desarrollada en la ciudad de Rosario por Olga y Leticia Cossettini durante el periodo 1935-1950: las Misiones de Divulgación Cultural. Estas Misiones tenían como finalidad la difusión de la ciencia y el arte en la comunidad. Para ello se desplazaban maestros y alumnos a distintos barrios e instituciones de Rosario y en algunas oportunidades su difusión trascendió la ciudad y la provincia de Santa Fe. En trabajos anteriores el equipo de investigación se abocó al estudio de diversos aspectos de la  Escuela Serena (nombre que recibió la experiencia desarrollada por las Cossettini durante el periodo mencionado en la Escuela Dr. Gabriel Carrasco de la ciudad de Rosario); en este caso indagamos acerca de las Misiones Culturales, enfoque escasamente explorado de la propuesta, puesto que consideramos que forman parte del conjunto de innovaciones pedagógicas llevadas a cabo, y además constituyen un peculiar e interesante modo de concebir la relación entre escuela, cultura y sociedad. Por otra parte, buscamos identificar aquellas experiencias similares  en América Latina con las cuales las hermanas Cossettini establecieron alguna relación.","palabras_clave":"HISTORIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN|INNOVACIÓN PEDAG´GICA|DEMOCRATIZACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105317,"idioma_id":6,"titulo":"Relocalisations  autochtones et ethnogenèse missionnaire à la frontière sud des empires ibériques. Paracuaria (1609-1768)","resumen":"Este trabajo  propone una descripción y análisis del proceso de formación de comunidades guaraníes  en las fronteras de los Imperios Ibéricos durante el siglo XVII, en base al  nuevo modelo misional impulsado por los sacerdotes de la Compañía de Jesús. Dicho  modelo implicó la relocalización de poblaciones procedentes de diversas  regiones durante el período de 150 años y su concentración en pueblos de misión  que respondían a parámetros económicos, políticos y culturales uniformes. La  primera sección analiza la política de segregación poblacional aplicada en la  región y los traslados de población durante la formación de reducciones a lo  largo del siglo XVII. La segunda sección considera las transformaciones  resultantes de este proceso en la organización política nativa preexistente. La  tercera y última sección, examina los mecanismos de actualización de la  heterogeneidad interna en los pueblos de misión, teniendo en cuenta la  persistencia de antiguas lógicas de movilidad, parentesco y liderazgo,  recicladas durante su prolongado proceso de conformación.           ","palabras_clave":"relocalización|reducciones|población indígena|jesuitas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105349,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Optimized assay and storage conditions for enzyme activity profiling of ectomycorrhizae","resumen":"The aim of a joint effort by different research teams  was to provide an improved procedure for enzyme activity  profiling of field-sampled ectomycorrhizae, including recommendations  on the best conditions and maximum duration for  storage of ectomycorrhizal samples. A more simplified and  efficient protocol compared to formerly published procedures  was achieved by using manufactured 96-filter plates in  combination with a vacuum manifold and by optimizing  incubation times. Major improvements were achieved by  performing the series of eight enzyme assays with a single  series of root samples instead of two series, reducing the time  needed for sample preparation, minimizing error-prone steps  such as pipetting and morphotyping, and facilitating subsequent  DNA analyses due to the reduced sequencing effort.  The best preservation of samples proved to be storage in soil  at 4?6°C in the form of undisturbed soil cores containing  roots. Enzyme activities were maintained for up to 4 weeks  under these conditions. Short-term storage of washed roots  and ectomycorrhizal tips overnight in water did not cause  substantial changes in enzyme activity profiles. No optimal  means for longer-term storage by freezing at &#8722;20°C or storage  in 100% ethanol were recommended.","palabras_clave":"ECM|Enzyme|Storage|Ectomycorrhyza"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105408,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Narrativas heroicas: la conmemoración sanmartiniana de 1950","resumen":"El trabajo&nbsp;examina la evocación sanmartiniana de 1950 dirigida por el estado peronista clásico a los efectos de identificar las formas, sentidos y rituales que adquirió aquel momento conmemorativo en el afianzamiento del liderazgo carismático de Perón, y ensayar conjeturas provisorias en torno a su impacto en la reformulación del legado sanmartiniano en el imaginario cultural de los argentinos. Para ello resulta adecuado presentar los principales trazos del enarbolamiento y consagración de la figura de San Martín en la cúspide del panteón nacional en el siglo XIX, porque permite mejorar la compresión de la especificidad del giro introducido por el peronismo en la coyuntura de 1950.","palabras_clave":"USOS DEL PASADO|PERONISMO CLÁSICO|INTELECTUALES |SAN MARTIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105447,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"VIGUIERA ANCHUSAEFOLIA VAR. IMMARGINATA","resumen":"In: Marhold K (ed.), IAPT\/IOPB chromosome data 12. TAXON 60(6): 1784 (edición impresa resumida, ISSN 0040-0262); E1-E2 (online full version, ISSN 1996-8175).Viguiera anchusaefolia (DC.) Baker naturally occurs in Argentina, in its northeast and central-east regions (Misiones, Corrientes, Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires Provinces), Brazil, and Uruguay. This species has a considerable morphological variability and two varieties can be distinguished, var. anchusaefolia and var. immarginata. Viguiera anchusaefolia var. immarginata exhibited n = 11 bivalents in PMC at diakinesis and metaphase I and chromosomes behaved regularly at meiosis. Our results differ from previous chromosome counts which reported n = 28, ca. 34, ca. 16?17 II in V. anchusaefolia. Our plant material is diploid with 2n = 2x = 22 chromosomes. Unexpectedly, in some individuals from this natural population we noticed 2n = 23 or 24 chromosomes, and also mitotic instability, that means, on the same slide, different cells from the same root tip bore 2n = 23 and 24 chromosomes. Therefore, a more exhaustive karyotype analysis was carried out and four cytotypes were recognized. The typical cytotype 2n = 22 possess a karyotype formula of 18 m + 4 sm chromosomes and this is the standard karyotype. Other three cytotypes possess additional chromosomes, namely BI and BII, in combinations 2n = 22 + BI, 2n = 22 + BII, or 2n = 22 + BI + BII. Chromosomes BI and BII are m and BI is slightly larger than BII. The smallest chromosome has 1.50 ± 0.07 &#956;m (m) and the largest 2.37 ± 0.00 &#956;m (m) with a mean chromosome length of 1.90 ± 0.02 &#956;m. All karyotypes are unimodal (A2 = 0.14 ± 0.01; R = 1.58 ± 0.08) and symmetrical (A1 = 0.22 ± 0.01; r > 2 = 0,00; i = 43.42 ± 0.20; AI = 1.52 ± 0.06) (Stebbins´ category 1A of karyotype asymmetry). The haploid genome has 22.87 ± 1.23 &#956;m. The occasional lack of a counterpart chromosome, observed mitotic instability and an earlier condensation along with heteropicnotic behavior throughout the cell cycle led us to propose that these extra chromosomes are B ones, which could help to explain the number diversity previously reported for this species.","palabras_clave":"ASTERACEAE|KARYOTYPE|B CHROMOSOME"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105461,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una experiencia de formación cara a cara. Los estudiantes de Física y sus visiones  acerca de la autoridad?","resumen":"Este artículo propone explorar las visiones de estudiantes universitarios sobre la autoridad de los profesores, como cuestión problemática en la escena pedagógica contemporánea. Específicamente, se recuperan avances de una investigación centrada en el análisis de relatos de estudiantes próximos a culminar sus estudios universitarios y jóvenes recientemente egresados de la Licenciatura en Física de la Universidad Nacionalde Rosario. Para ello se realizará, en primer lugar, un breve desarrollo del concepto de autoridad desde el punto de vista teórico, profundizando en algunas particularidades de la institución universitaria como espacio en el que las relaciones asimétricas entre profesores y estudiantes están signadas básicamente por la relación con el conocimiento y las responsabilidades institucionales diferenciales. En segundo lugar, se explorarán los rasgos identificados por los estudiantes en aquellos profesores de la carrera reconocidos como autoridades. Por último, atendiendo a la reciente inserción de los jóvenes graduados en equipos de investigación, se recuperarán sus visiones sobre la autoridad de los directores. Planteamos como hipótesis que en los relatos de los estudiantes se identifican tanto expresiones de deslegitimación de los vínculos asentados en diferencias jerárquicas, como modos de reconocimiento de la autoridad en los que predominan características vinculadas al compromiso con el conocimiento y su transmisión, al saber hacer y el saber orientar y a la personalidad de profesores y directores.","palabras_clave":"UNIVERSIDAD|AUTORIDAD DE LOS PROFESORES|ESTUDIANTES DE FÍSICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105467,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aportes desde la teoría política para (re) pensar la acción colectiva latinoamericana","resumen":"En este breve artículo se hace referencia a los aportes que la teoría política contemporánea puede hacer al análisis de la acción colectiva latinoamericana. En este sentido, destacamos especialmente sus contribuciones para abordar el complejo proceso de articulaciones y sobredeterminaciones por el cual una identidad particular asume una representación más general que la trasciende, instaurando la noción de un espacio social compartido.","palabras_clave":"ACCION COLECTIVA|IDENTIDADES POLITICAS|TEORIA DE LA HEGEMONÍA|AMÉRICA LATINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105704,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Recensión. Filosofía y educación en Nuestra América: políticas, escuelas e infancias, Arpini, Adriana, Alvarado, Mariana, Ripamonti, Paula, Rochetti, Cristina (Comps).","resumen":"Se reseñan un conjunto de trabajos seleccionados en los que las cuestiones abordadas se centran en las prácticas que ligan a la filosofía con la educación, la política, la escuela, la infancia, la literatura, el arte, las ciencias sociales, la historia de las ideas latinoamericanas, los problemas de la diversidad y la integración. En síntesis, se analizan críticamente los aportes que presentan dichos artículos para reflexionar sobre la articulación entre filosofía y educación en el contexto de Nuestra América.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"FILOSOFÍA|EDUCACIÓN|NUESTRA AMÉRICA|POLÍTICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105826,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Employment of RDID1.0 program on the optimization of Bromelain and Papain covalent immobilization","resumen":"Enzymes as immobilized derivatives have been widely used in Food, Agrochemical, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological industries. Protein immobilization is probably the most used technology to improve the operational stability of these molecules. Stem Bromelain (Ananas comosus) and Papain (Carica papaya) are cystein proteases extensively used as immobilized biocatalyst with several applications in therapeutics, racemic mixtures resolution, affinity chromatography and others industrial scenarios. The aim of this work was to optimize the covalent immobilization of Bromelain and Papain via rational design of immobilized derivatives strategy (RDID) and RDID1.0 program. Were determined the maximum protein quantity to immobilize, the optimum immobilization pH (in terms of functional activity retention), was predicted the most probable configuration of the immobilized derivative and the probabilities of multipoint covalent attachment. As support material was used Glyoxyl-Sepharose CL 4B. The accuracy of RDID1.0 program´s prediction was demonstrated comparing with experimental results. The employment of RDID1.0  program, as the carrying out of RDID strategy, allows selecting the most appropriate way to design the best immobilized derivative for its application on affinity chromatography or enzymatic bioconversion process.","palabras_clave":"BROMELAIN|COVALENT IMMOBILIZATION| IMMOBILIZED DERIVATIVES| PAPAIN|PROTEIN IMMOBILIZATION|RATIONAL DESIGN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":105891,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Bioarte y los problemas de su definición","resumen":"A partir de losdebates generados en torno a la definición de bioarte en las listas dediscusión YASMIN y Synapse, este artículo propone rescatarlas diferentes posturas teóricas con el fin de sistematizar las distintasconceptualizaciones sobre bioarte que incluyen desde sistemas digitales desimulación biológica hasta prácticas de body art, performance o manipulacióngenética de organismos vivos. ","palabras_clave":"ARTE|CIENCIA|BIOARTE|GENERO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106111,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Subconjunctival carboplatin and systemic topotecan treatment in preclinical models of retinoblastoma.","resumen":"The authors demonstrated previously that the combination of topotecan (TPT) and carboplatin(CBP) was more effective than current chemotherapeutic combinations used to treat retinoblastoma in an orthotopic xenograft model. However, systemic coadministration of these agents is not ideal, because both agents cause dose-limiting myelosuppression in children. To overcome the toxicity associated with systemic TPT and CBP, the authors explored subconjunctival delivery of TPT or CBP in an orthotopic xenograft model and in a geneticmouse model of retinoblastoma (   ). The effects of combined subconjunctival CBP(CBPsubcon) and systemic TPT (TPTsyst) were compared with the effects of combined TPTsubcon and CBPsyst.at clinically relevant dosages. Pharmacokinetic and tumor-response studies, including analyses of ocular and hematopoietic toxicity, revealed that BPsubcon\/TPTsyst was more effective and had fewer side effects than TPTsubcon\/CBPsyst. For the first time, retinoblastoma was ablated and long-term vision was preserved in a mouse model by using a clinically relevant chemotherapy regimen. These results eventually may be translated into aclinical trial for children with this debilitating cancer.","palabras_clave":"topotecan|carboplatin|retinoblastoma|preclinical models"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106114,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phase I Trial of Lenalidomide in Pediatric Patients With Recurrent, Refractory, or Progressive Primary CNS Tumors: Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium Study PBTC-018.","resumen":"Purpose To determine the maximum-tolerated or recommended phase II dose, dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunomodulatory effects of lenalidomide in children with recurrent or refractory solid tumors or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).Patients and MethodsCohorts of children with solid tumors received lenalidomide once daily for 21 days, every 28 days at dose levels of 15 to 70 mg\/m2 \/dose. Children with MDS received a &#64257;xed dose of 5 mg\/m2 \/dose. Specimens for PK and immune modulation were obtained in the &#64257;rst cycle.ResultsForty-nine patients (46 solid tumor, three MDS), median age 16 years (range, 1 to 21 years), were enrolled, and 42 were fully assessable for toxicity. One patient had a cerebrovascular ischemic event of uncertain relationship to lenalidomide. DLTs included hypercalcemia at 15 mg\/m2; hypophosphatemia\/hypokalemia, neutropenia, and somnolence at 40 mg\/m2; and urticaria at 55 mg\/m2&nbsp; .At the highest dose level evaluated (70 mg\/m2 ), zero of six patients had DLT. A maximum-tolerated dose was not reached. No objective responses were observed. PK studies (n  29) showed that clearance is faster in children younger than 12 years of age. Immunomodulatory studies (n  26) showed a signi&#64257;cant increase in serum interleukin (IL) -2, IL-15, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, natural killer (NK) cells, NK cytotoxicity, and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cytoxicity, and a signi&#64257;cant decrease in CD4+\/CD25+ regulatory T cells. ConclusionLenalidomide is well-tolerated at doses up to 70 mg\/m2 \/d for 21 days in children with solid tumors. Drug clearance in children younger than 12 years is faster than in adolescents and young adults. Lenalidomide signi&#64257;cantly upregulates cellular immunity, including NK and LAK activity.","palabras_clave":"Lenalidomide|pediatric|brain tumor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106129,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las búsquedas de la salud y la terapia católico-ritual de los grupos de oración en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires","resumen":"Summary:The authors give an account of activities of members of a prayer group, focusing on the meanings that support collective ritual action and the reasons why the sufferers are turning to the therapeutic range. The first characterized the morphology and dynamics of the prayer groups, focusing on the ritual and the management of the sacred and in turn, analyze the practices related to disease and therapy, involving notions of corporality and entities up to the person, soul and spirit. Methodologically, the work falls within the phenomenological currents.","palabras_clave":"Therapy Catholic Ritual|Buenos Aires|healthcare"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106133,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los sacerdotes carismáticos, las crisis vitales y los rituales terapéuticos en la ciudad de Buenos Aires.","resumen":"Las creencias sobre los que se basan las elecciones terapéuticas, se encuentra vinculada a la significación que el sufriente da a la enfermedad a partir de su experiencia. A partir de una visión holística de la salud se elaboran nociones sobre  la enfermedad y la terapia diferentes a las propuestas por el modelo biomédico, en las que los rituales de sanación facilitan al doliente el acceso a experiencias que le ayudan a comprender su situación, así como le brindan la posibilidad de compartir su experiencia de dolor con otros sufrientes. En el siguiente trabajo intentamos realizar, en primer lugar, una descripción comprensiva de los motivos y significados profundos, que llevan a algunos enfermos, a optar por las terapias rituales del catolicismo, en particular las realizadas por sacerdotes carismáticos, tanto en el ritual de las misas de sanación, como en experiencias individuales. En segundo término,  nos interesa explorar los significados y experiencias que aporta la cura religiosa para el enfermo y para quienes los acompañan.","palabras_clave":"Sacerdotes |Carismáticos|Rituales terapeuticos|Crisis vitales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106138,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mythical beings, time, space and ontology among the Pilaga of the Central Chaco.","resumen":"The idea of the sacred is possibly a better concept to refer to human experience of the numinous -the heart of religious experience- in the terms of Otto (1965) when stating that over and beyond the conceptions of deities, the idea of the sacred also involves kratophania manifestations of power (Eliade, 1972). Therefore, were I to give a definition of religion I would prefer that a broad conception such as religion include all manifestations of the sacred","palabras_clave":"Pilagá|Mythicak Beings|Chaco|Ontology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106140,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las medicinas tradicionales en el noroeste Argentino: Antiguas teorías biomédicas y terapéutica ritual.","resumen":"Este artículo sostiene que las medicinas del noroeste Argentino -la práctica de legos y el curanderismo- básicamente sintetizan tradiciones de la antigua medicina humoral y terapéuticas rituales en su mayoría de raigambre católica, síntesis a la que se puede sumar algún elemento indígena. Con este objetivo, en primera instancia analiza la influencia de las concepciones médicas en las prácticas y saberes de los curanderos y de los legos. En segundo término,  se define al ensalmo como el  ritual terapéutico típico de los legos. Finalmente, enfoca la terapia ejercida por los curanderos, distinguiendo procedimientos particulares de procedimientos rituales de uso generalizado. [Curanderos, legos, terapia ritual, Noroeste Argentino]","palabras_clave":"medicinas tradicionales|NOA|rituales católicos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106144,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El Matrero, de Felipe Boero","resumen":"  &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  a:link, span.MsoHyperlink  \t{color:blue;  \ttext-decoration:underline;  \ttext-underline:single;}  a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed  \t{color:purple;  \ttext-decoration:underline;  \ttext-underline:single;}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;                      &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;  Las primeras  camadas de autores nacionales formados en la estética del Romanticismo  nacionalista formaron parte de un programa estimulado por el Estado,  que becaba a músicos notables para estudiar en Europa. Entre ellos, se  destacó el maestro Felipe Boero, quien en 1912 ganó una beca para  cursar estudios en el Conservatorio de París.&nbsp; Su obra El Matrero, ópera de claro tinte  nacional, escrita en 1925 y&nbsp; estrenada el  12 de julio de 1929 en el Teatro Colón&nbsp; de Buenos Aires, dirigida por Héctor Panizza, constituyó un hito en la historia de la música argentina.  ","palabras_clave":"Ópera Nacional|Identidad nacional|Nacionalismo musical|género y vocabulario gauchesco"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106150,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mujeres para armar: narrativas y consumos imaginarios de una música corporizada en La Mujer Álbum-Revista (1899-1902).","resumen":"Atravesado por la idea de que la condición de género produce significaciones en todas las instancias de la actividad musical, este trabajo analiza los discursos acerca de las mujeres profesionales en el ámbito del teatro musical presentes en el semanario La Mujer Álbum-Revista, editado en Buenos Aires entre 1899 y 1902. Mediadas por los valores de la hegemonía patriarcal, estas significaciones se materializan en una serie de implicancias,restricciones y acciones modélicas que normativizan el ser y hacer de los cuerpos, alcanzando el ser y hacer de la música misma. En este sentido, las diferencias respecto de la valoración de la ópera, la zarzuela, el sainete o el teatro de variedades expresadas en el semanario, se estudian a partir de su relación con los cuerpos femeninos que las producen y con las narrativas articuladas por y en torno de éstos.","palabras_clave":"CANTO|OPERA|CUERPO|FEMINISMO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106198,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Grado de curadoría de la colección de Diapriidae (Hymenoptera) del Museo de La Plata, Argentina","resumen":"Esta contribución se refiere a la aplicación de indicadores  biológicos -representatividad taxonómica y geográfica- a la colección de  Diapriidae depositada en la División Entomología del Museo de La Plata. El  análisis dio como resultado: Ambositrinae y Diapriinae, 62.03% y 64.28%  de ejemplares identificados a nivel genérico respectivamente y Belytinae,  60.93% a nivel subfamilia; Neuquén y Misiones son las provincias argentinas  con mayor representatividad geográfica; los géneros más representados son  Dissoxylabis Kieffer (74.28%), Gladicauda Early (53.89%) y Spilomicrus  Westwood (37.45%). Se brinda la lista de taxones representados en la  colección, con los nombres científicos actualizados. En cuanto a la cobertura  taxonómica, la colección reúne especímenes de tres de las cuatro subfamilias  de Diapriidae y alrededor del 80% de los géneros presentes en la Región  Neotropical.","palabras_clave":"Diapriidae|Collection|Museo de La Plata|curadoría"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106205,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El discurso jurídico de la emoción y las prácticas jurídicas de 'perdón': un análisis de caso","resumen":"El presente artículo desarrolla el abordaje de las emociones como construcciones específicas de la historia cultural de un grupo, buscando comprender la vida emocional como resultado del ambiente sociocultural y producto de la circulación y disputa de bienes simbólicos. Teniendo en cuenta que el juzgamiento 'benigno' de ciertos actos a través de las declaraciones de inimputabilidad (fundamentadas sobre discursos de la emoción), traen aparejada la determinación de la insania de los acusados al considerarlos disminuidos en sus aspectos cognoscitivos y valorativos, se sostiene que las prácticas jurídicas de 'perdón' funcionan con efectividad en el proceso de construcción y reproducción de jerarquías sociales. Se propone de esta forma el abordaje de las prácticas institucionalizadas y codificadas de 'perdón' como verdaderas formas punitivas del Estado. La perspectiva metodológica adoptada está sustentada en el desarrollo de una lectura antropológica del expediente 5413 del Juzgado de 1ra. Instancia del Juzgado Penal de Zapala de la 3° Circunscripción de la Provincia de Neuquén, el cual constituye el campo de trabajo y fuente principal de datos para la reflexión teórica de este artículo.","palabras_clave":"EMOCIÓN|VIOLENCIA|DERECHO|PERDÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106220,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Comentario a Christian Ferrer. Mal de ojo. El drama de la mirada. Colihue, Buenos Aires, 2005","resumen":"\u201C[\u2026] Así como en otras épocas el alma, o el corazón, o la mente se transformaron en metáforas y sedes corporales de una relación entre cuerpo, logos y cosmos, hoy nuestro cuerpo reconstituye parte de su autoimagen y funcionalidad orgánica entorno de esa membrana cuadrada\u201D (p. 98). En Mal de ojo, Christian Ferrer analiza la formación de cierta destreza subjetiva que, en tiempos signados por la hegemonía de la televisión y la informática, torna el derecho de ver en necesidad obligada.Relato de nuestros días, el breve y exquisito ensayo sobre la violencia de la mirada comienza expresando su objetivo: \u201CTratar de comprender que el proceso técnico es un movimiento emocional que adviene más allá del rechazo indignado o la aceptación excitada, a menudo dobleces uno de la otra\u201D (p. 6). Idea sobre la cual Ferrer meditará a lo largo y ancho de su manifiesto, volcado particularmente hacia una época cuyo modo de ser mana menos de las tecnologías de la visión que del imperativo de la visualidad.","palabras_clave":"SOCIEDAD|TELEVISIÓN|HEGEMONÍA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106254,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"No es un monumento que se pide, es un monumento que se da. Entrevista con Andrés Zernieri\u201D.","resumen":"Andrés Zerneri es escultor y realizador del Monumento al \u201CChe\u201D de la ciudad de Rosario.Actualmente lleva adelante el proyecto de construcción del Monumento a la Mujer \u201COriginaria\u201D,con la misma metodología que el anterior: se realiza con el bronce donado por la gente que aportauna llave; y con un objetivo: que este monumento al ser donado a la ciudad reemplace al del\u201CGral. Roca\u201D. Entrevistado para \u201CRevista Lindes\u201D nos cuenta de las bases ideológicas de su obray el proyecto, de la importancia de la participación popular en los monumentos y arte en elespacio público, de la memoria y la construcción de la identidad asumiendo las raíces ycontemporaneidad de los pueblos originarios.","palabras_clave":"MONUMENTO |IDENTIDAD|PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106290,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un director realista en la escena contemporánea argentina: Luciano Suardi","resumen":"El campo teatral argentino de las dos últimas décadas presenta una diversidad en la cual conviven diferentes poéticas que si por un lado, algunas de ellas proponen desde la dramaturgia y la dirección una estética posmoderna, por otro lado, nos encontramos con propuestas que se presentan como continuadoras del realismo. Así, y siguiendo esa línea -desde el plano de la dirección teatral- iniciada en nuestro país de la mano de Agustín Alezzo,  Augusto Fernandes y Carlos Gandolfo, continuada luego -en una segunda fase- por Laura Yusem y Jaime Kogan, encontramos que esta tercera fase realista de dirección que se inicia a mediados de los 90\u2019, representada también por teatristas como Claudio Tolcachir, Luciano Cáceres, Julio Chavez, entre otros, propone una continuación de procedimientos, técnicas y preocupaciones estéticas que exhiben su permanencia, a la vez que dominancia, en nuestro campo teatral actual pero con ciertas actualizaciones y corrimientos del paradigma canónico del realismo. Tal es el caso de Luciano Suardi quien ha sabido acercarse a esta estética desde una particular creación dramatúrgica y escénica. En este artículo, nos proponemos analizar las dos fases que componen su poética directorial a fin de establecer las continuidades y rupturas que este teatrista ha establecido con la poética realista en la Argentina a partir de la década de los 90.","palabras_clave":"Realismo|poetica directorial|Luciano Suardi|teatro argentino"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106294,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?La firma social Van Dine, Van Dine y Van Dine? o de cómo las vanguardias leyeron el género policial.","resumen":"Según   consenso general, el género policial estabiliza su circulación en   América Latina entre fines de la década del treinta y comienzo de la   década del cuarenta. Esa estabilización se relaciona, entre otras cosas,   con la teorización realizada por escritores como Jorge Luis Borges,   Alfonso Reyes o Xavier Villaurrutia. Este artículo desarrolla la   hipótesis de que la ideología de esa teorización tiene como origen la   práctica vanguardista realizada dos décadas antes. Sin embargo, durante   el apogeo de las vanguardias, la práctica y la reflexión sobre el género   es cualitativamente diferente. De manera tal que parece posible pensar   la emergencia del relato policial en América Latina como una alianza   entre la herencia vanguardista y un nuevo mercado cultural. Para indagar   esa hipótesis, se analizan relatos y ensayos vanguardistas de Alejo   Carpentier, Pablo Palacio, Arqueles Vela y Héctor Poveda emplazados en   el horizonte del relato policial.","palabras_clave":"VANGUARDIAS|LITERATURA LATINOAMERICANA|GÉNERO|POLICIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106296,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Del otro lado de la ciencia: ?La bolsa de huesos?, de Eduardo L. Holmberg","resumen":"El artículo amplía uno anterior (publicado en 2009), ubicando 'La bolsa de huesos' en el contexto del naturalismo (con el que discute) y de los orígenes de la ficción policial en Argentina.","palabras_clave":"NATURALISMO|SIGLO XIX|POLICIAL|LITERATURA ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106320,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'¿Es posible pensar una ficción científica desvinculada de la técnica? Reflexión en torno a la posibilidad de un paradigma místico en el proyecto narrativo de Mario Levrero'","resumen":"El presente artículo reflexiona acerca de la posibilidad de una ficción científica basada en los paradigmas de la mística en la obra de Mario Levrero. El sincretismo de conceptos del psicoanálisis, la parapsicología y el romanticismo que el autor uruguayo realiza se fundaría en una lectura de estas manifestaciones a partir de los postulados de la mística, en tanto búsqueda del Espíritu y la subjetividad interior. Uno de los recursos empleados, que se conecta directamente con la tradición mística, es la idea de la escritura como medio por el cual se dotaría de cuerpo al Espíritu. La importancia que se le otorga a la práctica escrituraria como forma de develamiento (aunque siempre e inevitablemente limitada, específicamente limitada a una forma de (re)presentación sensible), nos conduce a reflexionar asimismo sobre la posibilidad de contemplar en el ejercicio de la escritura algo del orden de la esencia de la técnica; concepto entendido en el sentido que Heidegger propone en su texto 'La pregunta por la técnica' (1953).","palabras_clave":"MARIO LEVRERO|FICCIÓN CIENTÍFICA|MÍSTICA|TÉCNICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106537,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dos formas de comunicación. Sobre la dialécica de teología y marxismo en los escritos tempranos de Siegfried Kracauer","resumen":"El artículo muestra el desarrollo que tiene, en la obra temprana de Kracauer, el pensamiento acerca de los procesos de secularización, y el modo en que esa reflexión incide sobre los análisis estéticos y sociológicos del ensayista alemán.","palabras_clave":"ensayo|Kracauer|cultura|secularización"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106538,"idioma_id":10,"titulo":"Notas sobre a atualidade de Lukács","resumen":"El artículo examina aspectos de la actualidad del pensamiento lúkácsiano, y analiza algunas de las modalidades que asumió la recepción de Lukács en América Latina.","palabras_clave":"ontología|estética|Latinoamérica|recepción"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106543,"idioma_id":7,"titulo":"Ontologia e lavoro nell'ultimo Lukács","resumen":"El artículo desarrolla aspectos fundamentales del proyecto llevado a cabo por&nbsp;Lukács en Zur Ontologie des gesellschaftlichen Seins.","palabras_clave":"ontología|ética|trabajo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106548,"idioma_id":10,"titulo":"Vivência trágica ou plenitude épica: um capítulo do debate Lukács-Adorno","resumen":"El artí­culo analiza el debate Lukács\/Adorno, haciendo hincapié en la divergencia entre ambos en el campo de la teoría del drama.","palabras_clave":"Lukács|Adorno|tragedia|drama moderno"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106576,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reseña: ÁLVAREZ LEGUIZAMÓN, Sonia, Pobreza y desarrollo en América Latina, Salta, EUNSA, 2008, 375 páginas. ISBN 978-987-633-010-7","resumen":"La reseña del libro 'Pobreza y desarrollo en América Latina' de la Dra. Sonia Álvarez Leguizamón retoma su interrogante de partida, a saber, ¿por qué la pobreza se constituye en un problema que justifica  formas particulares de intervención sobre ella?, de lo cual se desprende la siguiente hipótesis general que orienta la investigación: las representaciones, categorías e intervenciones sobre la pobreza han  tenido un cambio cualitativo a partir de la progresiva hegemonía del desarrollo humano en los noventa, con relación a etapas anteriores donde predominaba el discurso del desarrollo a secas.  Para abordar este tópico, la autora asume una perspectiva antropológica y genealógica, logrando establecer cómo la biopolítica incluye dos discursos predominantes en Argentina: la higiene y el desarrollo.","palabras_clave":"POBREZA|DESARROLLO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106578,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La invención de la comunidad. El programa sanitarista para el Trabajo Social en la Argentina desarrollista","resumen":"El presente trabajo se propone mostrar, desde una perspectiva genealógica, cómo el discurso sanitarista característico de la denominada era desarrollista contribuyó a configurar en Argentina un novedoso modelo de intervención del Estado en lo social basado, fundamentalmente, en la idea de comunidad. En torno de esta noción se montarán diversos dispositivos de bienestar y promoción social, para lo cual el sanitarismo brindó un importante soporte (tanto teórico como operativo) a través de las propuestas de descentralización ejecutiva y centralización normativa, por un lado, y de desarrollo y participación social, por el otro. Esta invención de la comunidad como nuevo sujeto-objeto de las intervenciones sociales del Estado tendrá implicancias decisivas para el trabajo social, llamado a convertirse en actor central en tanto agente  de cambio promotor del desarrollo, y dejará profundas marcas cuyos rastros pueden encontrarse aún hoy en las propuestas de intervención profesional.","palabras_clave":"DESARROLLISMO|COMUNIDAD|BIENESTAR SOCIAL|SANITARISMO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106582,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Teorías del Estado y estudios sobre gubernamentalidad: contrapuntos posibles","resumen":"Mucho se ha debatido acerca del ajuste estructural y la reforma del Estado en América Latina, de la caída de los sistemas de Estado de Bienestar y el auge del pensamiento neoliberal, de la reorientación de las protecciones sociales hacia la focalización, descentralización y privatización, movimientos que comienzan a gestarse hacia fines de la década del 70 y que, en el caso de Argentina, terminan de consolidarse  en los 90. Precisamente, con la intención de ofrecer canales de entrada a la discusión acerca del Estado y su reforma o reinvención, el presente trabajo presenta una serie de contrapuntos entre las teorías del Estado y los estudios sobre gubernamentalidad. La perspectiva analítica adoptada se basa, fundamentalmente, en el enfoque proveniente de los governmentality studies y pretende entablar un diálogo crítico entre diversas claves analíticas. Para ello, se vale de nociones caras tanto al pensamiento político como sociológico y establece contrapuntos entre: Estado y gobierno; democratización de la administración pública y gubernamentalización del gobierno; territorialización y gobierno a través de la comunidad.  El objetivo de este artículo es identificar no sólo las divergencias  sino también los intercambios posibles entre ambos enfoques y es por  ello que la reflexión se organiza sobre la base de los mencionados  contrapuntos, no como absolutos opuestos sino como heterogéneos.","palabras_clave":"ESTADO|GOBIERNO|GUBERNAMENTALIDAD|COMUNIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106615,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrostatic field effects on membrane domain segregation and on lateral diffusion","resumen":"Natural membranes are organized structures ofneutral and charged molecules bearing dipole momentswhich generate local non-homogeneous electric fields.When subjected to such fields, the molecules experiencenet forces that can modify the lipid and protein organization,thus modulating cell activities and influencing (oreven dominating) the biological functions. The energeticsof electrostatic interactions in membranes is a long-rangeeffect which can vary over distance within r&#8722;1 to r&#8722;3. In thecase of a dipole interacting with a plane of dipoles, e.g. aprotein interacting with a lipid domain, the interaction isstronger than two punctual dipoles and depends on the sizeof the domain. In this article, we review several contributionson how electrostatic interactions in the membraneplane can modulate the phase behavior, surface topographyand mechanical properties in monolayers and bilayers.","palabras_clave":"ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS|LIPID DOMAINS|CHARGED SURFACTANTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106644,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Niñez en riesgo, conceptualizaciones cotidianas y acciones polìticas en Argentina","resumen":"La Universidad Nacional del Sur y el Municipio de Bahía Blanca desarrollan un proyecto de investigación denominado \u201CLa construcción del campo de la niñez en riesgo en el ámbito de políticas públicas en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca\u201D. El objetivo es caracterizar cómo se construye la niñez en riesgo en Bahía Blanca en contextos de ejecución de políticas públicas en instituciones estatales de salud y educación. Presentaremos aquí resultados parciales de este proyecto, referentes al ámbito educativo. El concepto de niñez en riesgo se construye en la relación niños-adultos; es atravesado por variables étnicas, culturalesterritoriales, y socioeconómicas que se actualizan en prácticas concretas en las relaciones escolares. Se observan estereotipos entre niños y adultos que coadyuvan a la definición de unos y otros. Paradójicamente el discurso y accionar del adulto estigmatiza al niño y éste asume una condición de incapacidad, que retroalimenta sus no accesos, generando trampas de pobreza.","palabras_clave":"niñez en riesgo|educaciòn popular|etnografìa|polìticas pùblicas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106648,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"\u201CTrabajo infantil rural\u201D y \u201Cexplotación laboral infantil rural\u201D.  Aportes antropológicos a la diferenciación de conceptos para el diseño de políticas de protección de derechos del niño en el sudoeste bonaerense.","resumen":"En la localidad de General Daniel Cerri, específicamente  en el sector denominado Colonia La   Merced; al sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; se  desarrolla producción fruti-hortícola en  quintas y viveros. Evidenciamos aquí, presencia de trabajadores infantiles  rurales, inmigrantes bolivianos y-o de descendencia boliviana. Existen programas  de política estatal orientados a la erradicación del trabajo infantil en la  zona, pero no logran adherencia fracasando sistemáticamente. Demostraremos la  importancia del abordaje cualitativo a fin de diferenciar por un lado el trabajo  infantil; y por otro la explotación  laboral infantil. Proponemos que la confusión entre ambos fenómenos es lo que  lleva al fracaso de las políticas públicas","palabras_clave":"trabajo infantil|familia rural|politicas pùblicas|metodologia cualitativa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106702,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The distant young embedded stellar cluster CBJC 8 associated with G085.40-0.00","resumen":"Context. The infrared cluster CBJC 8 is associated with a 6.7 GHz methanol maser and a compact radio-continuum source, G85.40-0.00. It is located at a distance of about 8 kpc. Aims. The aim is to study the characteristics of this distant and compact embedded cluster and derive the properties of its stellar population. Methods. We present new ground-based near- and mid-infrared imaging observations of this region. The calibrated images were analysed together with archive Spitzer IRAC images. Results. Based on the discovery of a considerable fraction of embedded sources with infrared excess emission that are concentrated within a radius around 16 arcsec. centred near the position of the compact HII region G85.40-0.00, we were able to confirm the presence of a very young embedded cluster. It was found to contain more than 58 members brighter than M_K = 2.6, two-thirds of which showing significant near- or mid-IR excess emission. We present spectral energy distributions and extrapolated total luminosities for nine sources with large mid-infrared excesses that were measured in all four IRAC bands. For the brightest of these, G8540A, which is associated with a methanol maser and a compact HII region, we fitted a model of an infalling envelope plus disc plus central star to its observed 1.6 to 850 &#956;m fluxes to get an idea of its physical properties. We also report a single 2.12 &#956;m molecular hydrogen line emission knot near the centre of the cluster, which support the idea about an outflow activity.","palabras_clave":"STARS:FORMATION|HII REGIONS|ISM: CLOUDS |MASERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106972,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Presencia de Trachemys Agassiz, 1857 (Testudines, Emydidae) en el Pleistoceno tardio del centro de la Argentina.","resumen":"En este trabajo se describen restos del caparazón de una tortuga que constituyen el primer registro del género dulceacuícola Trachemys Agassiz, 1857 y de la familia Emydidae Rafinesque, 1815 en la provincia de Córdoba, y el hallazgo más occidental de ambos en la Argentina. Los materiales recuperados consisten en la placa proneural, las placas pleurales IV y VIII derechas y fragmentos de las placas pleurales III y IV izquierdas, epiplastron, hioplastron e hipoplastron derechos, más tres fragmentos indeterminables. Los restos provienen del Sitio El Silencio (30°53?20? S, 62°49?29? W), un yacimiento paleontológico de edad Pleistoceno tardío - Holoceno temprano, expuesto en la costa de la actual laguna Mar Chiquita, en un nivel de limo con intercalaciones de carbonato de calcio asignado a la Formación Tezanos Pinto, cuya depositación se produjo entre los 36.000 y 8.000 AP. El registro es relacionado con un evento húmedo acontecido entre los 16.500 y 15.500 años AP, que pudo haber sido lo suficientemente marcado y sostenido como para posibilitar el ingreso de Trachemys (y otros taxones vertebrados) durante el Pleistoceno a cercanías de la laguna Mar Chiquita, unos 220 km hacia el oeste de su distribución actual. ","palabras_clave":"TORTUGA FOSIL|TRACHEMYS|TESTUDINES|PLEISTOCENO-HOLOCENO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":106974,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Acanthochelys pallidipectoris (Freiberg 1945) Chaco Side-Necked Turtle.","resumen":"SUMMARY. ? The Chaco Side-necked Turtle, Acanthochelys pallidipectoris (Family Chelidae), is a small to medium-sized freshwater turtle (carapace length to ca. 180 mm), endemic to the Chaco ecoregion of Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. Its distribution is restricted to the temporarily flooded marshes and lowlands of dry shrub forest with impenetrable soils. The only record outside of the dry Chaco, in Mendoza, Argentina, is likely of anthropogenic origin. The activity period is very short (4?6 months a year), and populations consist of few animals. The species is threatened by habitat loss combined with climatic change leading to increased aridity and diminished ephemeral water resources. The species is currently categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List based on a 1996 evaluation, but has recently been provisionally re-assessed as Endangered.","palabras_clave":"ACANTHOCHELYS|CHELIDAE|FRESH-WATER TURTLE|CONSERVATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107038,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"(Des) enredando el ovillo. Las asociaciones vecinales y el desfío de evaluar el desempeño organizacional","resumen":"Reseña del libro de Desirée D`Amico:'(Des)enredando el ovillo. Las asociaciones vecinales y el desafío de evaluar el desempeño organizacional'","palabras_clave":"Vecinales|Barrio|Democracia|OSC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107065,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prevalence study of Simkania negevensis in cooling towers in Spain","resumen":"Simkania negevensis is an obligate intracellular bacterium grouped into the order Chlamydiales. This new amoeba-resistant intracellular bacterium might represent a novel etiologic agent of bronchiolitis and community-acquired pneumonia and occurs in aquatic habitats such as drinking water and reclaimed wastewater. Another amoeba-related bacterium, Legionella pneumophila, is an etiologic agent of pneumonia transmitted by environmental aerosols or contaminated water\/air cooling systems. These transmission pathways are important in the natural history of Legionellae infections and possibly other intracellular microorganisms such as Parachlamydiaceae; thus, understanding the feasibility of Simkania infection by these routes is relevant. In the present work, we investigated the prevalence of this newly identified pathogenic bacterium in cooling towers by qPCR and its possible relationship with Legionella pneumophila co-infection. Our results show Simkania detection in 2 of 70 cooling towers analyzed. To our knowledge, this report is the first describing Simkania negevensis detection in this category of environmental water samples.","palabras_clave":"COOLING TOWERS|ENVIRONMENTAL WATER SAMPLES|REAL TIME PCR|SIMKANIA NEGEVENSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107088,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Llanquitruz y la máquina de guerra mapuche-tehuelche. Continuidades y rupturas en la geopolítica indígena patagónica (1850-1880)","resumen":"A los fines de dilucidar la metamorfosis de las jefaturas mapuche-tehuelches del norte de la Patagonia entre 1850 y 1880, este trabajo compara los corpus de correspondencia en español que los primos Llanquitruz y Saygüeque escribieron con la ayuda de secretarios al inicio y al final del período, durante coyunturas críticas de sus respectivos cacicatos. El autor indaga cuáles fueron los cambios cualitativos entre ambas estructuras políticas, proponiendo una reconsideración del tropo de la máquina de guerra, un concepto diseñado por Deleuze y Guattari para pensar la ambivalencia de las estrategias nómadas en relación al poder. El artículo recupera dicha metonimia para analizar la dinámica de negociación y conflicto entre estas jefaturas con el emergente Estado argentino. Se interpretan además las representaciones mapuche-tehuelches de las estructuras de poder y parentesco, el territorio y la geopolítica, mediante los textos que producían los indígenas.","palabras_clave":"Estado-nación|jefaturas|fronteras|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107092,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Malón, ración y nación en las pampas: el factor Juan Manuel de Rosas (1820-1880)","resumen":"Nota: la autoría de este artículo es en estricto orden alfabético, indicativo del protagonismo equilibrado entre ambos coautores. En este artículo se profundiza el análisis antropológico e histórico de la política de racionar a los indígenas pampeanos y patagónicos con ganado y otros bienes, que los gobiernos del espacio rioplatense implementaron entre 1820 y 1880. Se indaga cómo los mapuches justificaron el sistema de raciones, y sus efectos en las estructuras de poder y las relaciones interétnicas. Se discuten los antecedentes historiográficos que asociaron el malón con el tráfico ganadero hacia  Chile de manera lineal, para postular la centralidad de las raciones para la economía mapuche, concebidas como el pacto de gobernabilidad que habilitó los procesos formativos de los Estados provinciales y nacional en las pampas a partir de Juan Manuel de Rosas. Esta hipótesis se sostendrá mediante la lectura de documentos escritos por los caciques, sus secretarios y las autoridades argentinas y chilenas durante el siglo XIX.","palabras_clave":"HISTORIOGRAFÍA|ARGENTINA|CHILE|MAPUCHES|RELACIONES INTERÉTNICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107096,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"1879-1979: Genocidio indígena, historiografía y dictadura","resumen":"A partir de la  convocatoria de la revista Corpus, archivos virtuales  de la alteridad americana, intervine en el debate coordinado por Diana  Lenton, Genocidio y política indigenista: debates sobre  la potencia  explicativa de una categoría polémica. En la primera ronda de  discusión a través de ensayos escritos (págs. 1-6), me concentré en  repasar los  planteamientos de la historiografía y la antropología  argentinas a propósito de  los crímenes masivos de población indígena,  concluyendo que tanto su negación como el empleo acrítico de la  categoría genocidio están condicionados por los  debates no saldados  sobre la historia y la memoria de la última dictadura cívico-militar  (1976-1983). En la segunda ronda de reflexiones (págs. 3-5) dediqué mi  intervención a retomar las contribuciones de los demás participantes  polemizando con algunas de ellas, especialmente acerca de la  metodología con que se seleccionan y trabajan las fuentes para el  conocimiento  de estos procesos. Por último, propuse una serie de  líneas a profundizar para  el estudio de la trama histórica que hizo  posible las matanzas del tránsito del  siglo XIX al XX en el sur sudamericano.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|GENOCIDIO|INDÍGENAS|HISTORIOGRAFÍA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107099,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El enigma de las células rodlet","resumen":"Las células rodlet son un grupo celular encontrado en una gran variedad de tejidos en peces de agua dulce y marinos. Fueron  descubiertas en 1892 y consideradas en ese momento como un estadío parasitario. Algunos años mas tarde, en 1906, un estudio  independiente, las identificó como células glandulares y, por lo tanto, de naturaleza endógena. Ambas hipótesis sobre su origen, la exógena  y la endógena, convivieron durante casi un siglo. La estructura de estas células con características morfológicas únicas y distribución inusual  llevó a numerosos estudios e interpretaciones que especularon sobre su naturaleza y función. Durante muchos años se ha dudado si estas  células son estadios del ciclo de algún protozoo parásito, células secretoras o derivados de células sanguíneas. La primera de estas hipótesis  en los últimos años ha sido descartada, en cambio la última, con diferentes modificaciones, ha sido adoptada en muchos estudios. Esta  revisión tiene como objetivo resumir la principal información sobre estas células que se posee en la actualidad.","palabras_clave":"CÉLULAS RODLET|TELEÓSTEOS|CÉLULAS SECRETORAS|CÉLULAS SANGUÍNEAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107161,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tecnología y producción: el rol del contratista.","resumen":"Tecnología y producción: el rol del contratista&nbsp;&nbsp;Patricia Lombardo[1], Mabel García[2], Santiago Tiscornia[3], Rita Marra[4] y Guillermo Cavagnaro[5]&nbsp;&nbsp;Eje temático: La tecnología agropecuaria. Cambio tecnológico. Innovación, transferencia y adopción de tecnología. La investigación y el desarrollo de tecnología nacional. La biotecnología y el papel de los transgénicos. El papel de los organismos técnicos en la generación de tecnologías alternativas para la pequeña y mediana producción diversificada.&nbsp;&nbsp;Resumen&nbsp;El contratismo constituye una modalidad de trabajo que&nbsp; acompaña&nbsp; el desarrollo de la agricultura cerealera extensiva pampeana desde sus inicios. La difusión de este actor está relacionada con la intensificación de la agricultura y el proceso de mecanización. Bajo la denominación de contratistas, se incluyen: por un lado, aquellos denominados \u201Ccontratistas de servicios\u201D y, por otro, los \u201Ccontratistas de producción o tanteros\u201D que son aquellos que toman a porcentaje campos de terceros asumiendo todos los riesgos de la actividad. Estas figuras pueden considerarse como mediadores entre el cambio tecnológico disponible y su aplicación a la producción. En esta ponencia, se presentan resultados parciales de un proyecto de investigación[6] en curso cuyo objetivo general es caracterizar y cuantificar la relevancia socio-económica, tecnológica y productiva de los contratistas de servicios y de producción en la región pampeana. En base a reprocesamientos especiales de la información correspondiente a los Censos Nacionales Agropecuarios de 1988 y 2002, se analiza la evolución que han tenido los contratistas en el período 1988-2002. Asimismo, a través la información proveniente del Relevamiento Provincial de Servicios Agropecuarios (RPSA 2002), de las Encuestas Provinciales de Servicios Agropecuarios (2004, 2005 y 2006) y de encuestas a contratistas que operan en algunas zonas de la provincia de Buenos Aires, se ha podido avanzar sobre distintos aspectos que contribuyen a su caracterización [1] Cátedra Economía Agraria, Facultad de Agronomía \u2013 UBA. patricia@agro.uba.ar[2] Cátedra Economía Agraria, Facultad de Agronomía \u2013 UBA. mabelg@agro.uba.ar[3] Cátedra Economía Agraria, Facultad de Agronomía \u2013 UBA. santiagotiscornia@hotmail.com[4] Cátedra Administración Rural, Facultad de Agronomía \u2013 UBA. rmarra@agro.uba.ar[5] Cátedra Economía Agraria, Facultad de Agronomía \u2013 UBA. gcavagna@agro.uba.ar[6] Proyecto de investigación: \u201CCambio tecnológico y producción: un análisis de la figura del contratista como agente articulador\u201D (Programación científica UBA 2010-2012\/2011-2014).","palabras_clave":"INNOVACION  TECNOLOGICA|CONTRATISTAS|PRODUCCION PAMPEANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107305,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La sonrisa del Guasón y el corazón de la garchofa. Sobre La garchofa esmeralda, de Alejandro Rubio","resumen":"La garchofa esmeralda (Mansalva, 2010) articula un procedimiento frecuente en la poética de Alejandro Rubio, en donde se cruzan los registros de lo alto y lo bajo. Sin embargo, ¿qué es concretamente la garchofa esmeralda? ¿Qué se designa bajo esta imagen, que parece la del trofeo de plástico bañado en oro falso que aparece al comienzo de Punctum, de Martín Gambarotta? La respuesta no puede ser unívoca. La 'garchofa esmeralda' se carga todo el espacio de la representación: la poesía de los noventa, la autobiografía de Rubio, el lugar de las mujeres en su autobiografía, los talleres literarios, la política y la literatura argenta. Todo parece una Gran Garchofa Esmeralda.","palabras_clave":"Poesía argentina contemporánea"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107306,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La dimensión desconocida. Sobre Los modos de ganarse la vida, de Ignacio Molina","resumen":"Reseña sobre la novela Los modos de ganarse la vida, de Ignacio Molina.","palabras_clave":"Literatura argentina contemporánea"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107311,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El intelectual sensible. Dos notas sobre Roland Barthes","resumen":"El lugar de Roland Barthes en el posestructuralismo francés es extraño. Sus ensayos más programáticos, aquellos en donde define los objetos epistemológicos y las prácticas específicas que constituyen la marca intelectual de lo que podríamos llamar 'su generación' ?me refiero, sobre todo, a 'La muerte del autor', 'De la obra al Texto' y 'Escribir la lectura'?, lo acercan a ciertas zonas de las obras de Jacques Derrida, Gilles Deleuze, Julia Kristeva y Michel Foucault. Sin embargo, mientras estos colosos erigen catedrales complejas e imponentes, Barthes, en cambio, se caracteriza por un atributo diferencial: el Genio. Esta cualidad aparece escenificada en sus prácticas de lectura. Mientras que el posestructuralismo, en líneas generales, se identifica con objetos de vanguardia (Derrida\/Artaud, Kristeva\/Mallarmé, Deleuze\/Kafka), es decir, con objetos 'escribibles', las prácticas de lectura que aparecen en la obra de Roland Barthes, por el contrario, afinan su pulso sobre el plano de lo 'legible': el realismo francés, la nouveau roman, el Haiku, la fotografía, el discurso amoroso, el mito y la vida cotidiana. Lo vanguardista, en última instancia, es un 'modo de ver' y no el objeto de la mirada.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Teoría literaria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107315,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tilde polar. Sobre El dios de los esquimales, de Jonás Gómez","resumen":"El dios de los esquimales (Diatriba, 2011) es el segundo libro de poemas de Jonás Gómez. El libro se desarrolla en un espacio intersticial, entre la nieve y el cemento, el frío del Polo Norte y el calor sofocante de un PH en Bueno Aires. El pulso de los poemas marca una intermitencia entre estas dos temperaturas, entre estos dos paisajes, que están entretejidos por un finísimo hilo narrativo: un personaje alienado por la vida en la Gran Ciudad se tilda pensando en la nieve, en la biología de los alces, en la cultura esquimal, y pasa su tiempo observando a la nueva inquilina del departamento de enfrente, que es escritora.&nbsp; El cuelgue del personaje es también un estado de atención flotante donde la mirada reconstruye el mundo imaginado sin apuro, articulando una temporalidad ralentizada, que contrasta con el ritmo urbano y, a la vez, le permite al personaje habitar su propio relato casi como un cazador silencioso a la espera de un acontecimiento invisible pero divisorio, tajante: 'los alces no registran el hecho de que me siento uno con la naturaleza\/ y está bien que así sea, que exista esta separación\/ de uno que mira y los animales que hacen'. Por otro lado, el territorio nevado se presenta como un espacio de escritura donde cualquier trazo se borra, donde toda marca se desplaza, hasta tal punto en que las imágenes de los dos mundos se trasponen, y entonces el personaje, como si se tratara de un cuento borgeano, encuentra una huella de oso polar en un supermercado chino. Luego descubrimos que los dos extremos geográficos con los que abría el libro (el Polo Norte y Buenos Aires), constituyen, en realidad, una cartografía continua o, mejor dicho, un mapa que busca sus propias líneas de continuidad entre ritmos (la quietud, la velocidad), temperaturas (el calor, el frío), espacios (la tundra, la ciudad) y temporalidades (el pasado, el presente): 'los habitantes de las aldeas en zonas frías\/ mezclaban hielo y fruta machacada en mortero\/ para preparar un postre\/\/ a veces, de alguna manera\/ lo primitivo se continúa en lo contemporáneo'.","palabras_clave":"Poesía argentina contemporánea"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107386,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Construyendo la Sociedad de la Información en el Cono Sur de América Latina. El caso de la ReuniónEspecializada en Ciencia y Tecnología del MERCOSUR (2001-2010)","resumen":"El texto aborda la construcción de la Sociedad de la Información en el Cono Sur de América Latina. El caso de la Reunión Especializada en Ciencia y Tecnología del MERCOSUR (2001-2010).","palabras_clave":"CIENCIA|TECNOLOGIA|MERCOSUR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107571,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Cemento con material calcáreo: formación de thaumasita por ataque de sulfatosCemento con material calcáreo: formación de thaumasita por ataque de sulfatos","resumen":"En los últimos tiempos se ha informado sobre el riesgo de un ataque de sulfatos en los cementos con material calcáreo (CPF) debido a la formación de thauma-sita. En el presente trabajo se presentan los resultados de morteros conteniendo 0 y 20% de material calcáreo en solución de Na2SO4 y los resultados obtenidos en pastas de cementos con material calcáreo (0 y 18%) en solución combinada de Na2SO4 y MgSO4 a temperaturas de 5 y 20 oC. Para predecir las condiciones que llevan a la formación de thaumasita en estos cementos se realizó el estudio de los perfiles por medio de la técnica de DRX.Los resultados muestran que la thaumasi-ta se forma luego que el ataque produce la fisuración por ettringita y una masiva deposición de yeso la cual produce la inestabilidad del CSH. Este proceso se ve favorecido por la presencia de material calcáreo, el cual aumenta la penetración de iones agresivos debido al incremento de la relación a\/c efectiva en la pasta o en el mortero. Por último, la baja temperatura también acelera el ataque.","palabras_clave":"Cementos con filler calcáreo|ataque por sulfatos|ettringita|thaumasita|material calcáreo|DRX"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107573,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Influencia de la temperatura de curado: hidratación y resistencia de pastas de cemento con escoria","resumen":"Actualmente son muy conocidos los beneficios tecnológicos, económicos y el menor impacto medioambiental que produce el empleo de adiciones minerales como reemplazo del cemento portland. Estas razones, han consolidado el uso de muchas adiciones como: escoria granulada de alto horno, ceniza volante, material calcáreo, humo de sílice, etc.En los últimos años, los cementos presentan un importante aumento en el contenido de las adiciones; el cual influye sobre la distribución de partículas, sobre la velocidad y naturaleza de las reacciones de hidratación y en consecuencia en su ganancia de resistencia.El presente trabajo evalúa la influencia de la temperatura en el curado (20, 40 y 60 ºC) de pastas con contenido variable de escoria granulada de alto horno (0 a 80 %) elaboradas con relación agua\/material cementante de 0,40, sobre la resistencia mecánica. La evolución de la hidratación se estudió a través delanálisis de los compuestos de hidratación por DRX y el contenido de agua no evaporable. La resistencia mecánica se evaluó empleando un diseño de experimentos central compuesto centrado.Los resultados obtenidos indican que a medida que la temperatura de curado aumenta con el incremento del contenido de escoria en el cemento mezcla, se aumentan la resistencia y el contenido de agua no evaporable, y disminuye la cantidad de hidróxido de calcio de la pasta.","palabras_clave":"Cemento portland,|escoria granulada de alto horno| agua no evaporable|resistencia mecánica|DRX|Activación térmica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107606,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fungal root symbionts and their relationship with fine root proportion in native plants from the Bolivian highlands above 3700 meters elevation","resumen":"Here, we examined the colonization by fungal root symbionts in the cultivated Andean grain Chenopodium quinoa and in 12 species that dominate plant communities in the Bolivian Altiplano above 3,700 m elevation and explore for the possible relationships between fungal colonization and fine root proportion. The 12 most abundant species in the study area were consistently colonized by AMF and DSE. In contrast, the annual Andean grain C. quinoa showed negligible or absence of mycorrhizal fungi colonizing roots. On the other hand, C. quinoa, Junelia seriphioides and Chersodoma jodopappa were infected to a varying degree by the root pathogen Olpidium sp. We observed no relationship between AMF and DSE colonization and proportion of fine roots in the root system, but instead, the ratio between DSE and AMF colonization (ratio DSE\/AMF) negatively related with proportion of fine roots. Our findings support the hypothesis regarding the importance of DSE at high altitudes and suggest a functional relationship between the rate of DSE\/AMF and proportion of fine roots. The colonization by the root pathogen Olpidium sp. in C. quinoa deserves further study since this Andean grain is increasingly important for the local economy in these marginal areas.","palabras_clave":"Arbuscular mycorrhizas|Dark septate endophytes|High altitude plant communities|Quinoa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107673,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"REVOLUCIONES PENDIENTES","resumen":"El presente artículo propone revisar de qué forma ha cambiado lo que se entiende cuando hablamos de revolución. En los cuadros de Magritte no  nos damos cuenta de la distinción entre realidad y copia, como si existiese una transparencia excesiva de la realidad, aparentemente desertica y desterritorializada. Esta distinción se vuelve imposible como para realizar una revolución acostumbrada. De este modo, escapar de la oscuridad, del fondo oscuro de la caverna de Platón en cuanto revolución , implica aventurarse hacia una situación que nos ubica totalmente visibilizados, observados y auto-controlados.","palabras_clave":"REVOLUCION|MAGRITTE|DESTERRITORIALIZACION|PLATON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107714,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A study of the composition and microstructure of nanodispersed Cu-Ni alloys obtained by different routes from copper and nickel oxides","resumen":"Mixtures of CuO and NiO were prepared by two different techniques, and then the oxides  were reduced with H2. Method A involved the preparation of mechanical mixtures of CuO  and NiO using different milling and pelletizing processes. Method B involved the chemical  synthesis of the mixture of CuO and NiO. The route used to prepare the copper and nickel  oxide mixture was found to have great influence on the characteristics of bimetallic Cu?Ni  particles obtained. Observations performed using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique  showed that although both methods led to the Cu?Ni solid solution, the diffractogramof the  alloy obtained with method A revealed the presence of NiO together with the alloy. The  temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) experiments indicated that the alloy is formed at  lower temperatures when using method B. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies  revealed notable differences in the morphology and size distribution of the bimetallic  particles synthesized by different routes. The results of the electron probe microanalysis  (EPMA) studies evidenced the existence of a small amount of oxygen in both cases and  demonstrated that the alloy synthesized using method B presented a homogeneous  composition with a Cu?Ni ratio close to 1:1. On the contrary, the alloy obtained using  method A was not homogeneous in all the volume of the solid. The homogeneity depended  on the mechanical treatment undergone by the mixture of the oxides.","palabras_clave":"Cu-Ni Alloys|Nanostructure|Chemical synthesis|Mechanical mixture"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107818,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"-\t?Una estancia tardo-colonial en el confín de la Frontera Sur de Córdoba?.","resumen":"Chaján fue un poblamiento de la Frontera Sur de Córdoba o Frontera del Río Cuarto, situado desde la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII en una posición avanzada, al sur de la línea fortinera y del Camino Real. Este trabajo es un análisis de la Estancia de Chaján en su calidad de explotación rural, enfocando la mirada a su extensión de tierras, las actividades productivas, el destino de la producción y quiénes la poblaban. En función de ello, se utilizan los datos que brinda el Inventario, Tasación y Partición de bienes practicado en 1808. Los mismos permiten reconstruir desde el presente una imagen de la Estancia y confrontarla con las características que tuvieron las unidades productivas de este tipo en el Curato del Río Cuarto y en otras regiones, la producción mular cordobesa en la época tardo-colonial, los circuitos de intercambio, registros censales, entre otros. Con esta forma de abordaje procuramos reconocer sus características y análisis mediante, elaborar explicaciones que contribuyan a su mejor conocimiento.","palabras_clave":"ESTANCIA|TARDOCOLONIAL|FRONTERA|SUR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107822,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Solís, V., V. Cabrera, N. Dottori y M.T. Cosa. Desarrollo de fruto y semilla de Solanum argentinum Bitter et Lillo (Solanaceae).","resumen":"Solanum argentinum Bitter et Lillo es un arbusto leñoso muy frecuente en el centro y norte de Argentina, de importancia  medicinal. Se proponen como objetivos analizar la anatomía y ontogenia de fruto y semilla desde la flor en antesis hasta la madurez,  y establecer comparaciones con otras especies de Solanum ya analizadas. Para este estudio se utilizó material fresco y conservado en  FAA. Se realizaron preparados permanentes por flores y frutos en distintos estados de desarrollo y preparados temporarios por frutos  maduros y semillas. El fruto es una baya globosa, proviene de un gineceo bicarpelar, de placentación axilar. Presenta tricomas  eglandulares y glandulares sobre el cáliz persistente. Las epidermis son unistratas; la externa con células alargadas radialmente, presenta  grietas de ventilación a la madurez, y la interna tiene. células comprimidas. El número de estratos del mesofilo se incrementa durante  el desarrollo, como es común en especies de Solanum. Se observan en esta zona esclerosomas cuando el fruto madura, lo que indicaría  mayor especialización. La semilla proviene de un óvulo hemicampilótropo. Ambas epidermis son unistratas. El tegumento seminal  está formado por la epidermis externa formada por células que se alargan radialmente, con engrosamientos celulósicos y parcialmente  lignificados a la madurez y la epidermis interna (endotelio),que presenta paredes lignificadas y las células se mantienen comprimidas.  El embrión maduro es curvo, con cotiledones de diferente longitud.","palabras_clave":"ONTOGENIA|BAYA|TEGUMENTO SEMINAL|SEMILLA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107852,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Repensando otra vez la significación de la obra musical","resumen":"Se estudian diferentes accesos a la significación de una obra musical. Se pasa revista a varios enfoques epistemológicamente divergentes para prestar mayor atención a las categorías estéticas de Hans-Georg Gadamer, ?juego?, ?símbolo?, ?fiesta?, con las que el autor plantea una justificación de lo bello. Se analiza una obra particular, Voces II, de un compositor contemporáneo sanjuanino, Jorge Luis González residente en Estados Unidos desde 1971. Luego, se discute la posibilidad de explicar la significación de la obra en términos musicales y extra-musicales a la luz de las categorías de Gadamer mencionadas.","palabras_clave":"SIGNIFICACIÓN|MUSICAL|POIESIS|ESTHESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":107946,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reflexionando sobre  Ia categoría  trabajo  a partir de entrevistas  a jóvenes residentes  en un","resumen":"Este articulo constituye un análisis que busca contribuir en torno a los debates acerca del mundo del Trabajo, entre tesis que plantearon el ?fin del trabajo?, el agotamiento del modo de producción que genera a la clase trabajadora, entre otros, la pérdida absoluta de centralidad y de capacidad explicativa, y otras, que niegan todo cambio o modificación en el mundo del trabajo.   Apartándonos de visiones mecanicistas y simplificadoras de la historia reciente, el presente artículo busca revalorizar el debate en torno al trabajo como categoría, a partir de algunos resultados de la investigación mencionada, con entrevistas a jóvenes.   En lo particular del tema (el desempleo o el acceso a trabajos de baja calidad por parte de jóvenes) se observa un fuerte sesgo basado en deficits educacionales o formativos a la hora de pensar la precariedad y del tipo de trabajos o empleos a los que acceden jóvenes en situación de pobreza.   Por el contrario, nuestra intención es interrogarnos aquí por el papel del trabajo en la conformación de los sujetos y su relevancia, los sentidos construidos.   Así como se construyó en el imaginario social una transición relativamente esquemática en el paso a la adultez (que empezaba en la familia, continuaba en la escuela y de ahí al empleo) este imaginario se ha ido reconfigurando, desdibujando y fragmentando para amplios sectores juveniles, generándose, una individualización y fragmentación de las trayectorias laborales. Las preguntas que guían este articulo es analizar y reflexionar junto a los jóvenes entrevistados que sentidos otorga el trabajo, problematizando así entre afirmaciones y negaciones acerca de que el trabajo es dador de identidad, de sentido, y reflexionando además acerca del trabajo en el debate de la tan mentada inclusión social.","palabras_clave":"TRABAJO|POBREZA|JUVENTUD|IDENTIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108024,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"GOATS FED WITH PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTS OBTAINED FROM FERMENTATION OF SUGAR CANE RESIDUE","resumen":"We develop a food animal supplement probiotic, using a solid residue from one of the major agricultural industries of Tucumán, the sugar cane. Ruminant livestock breeding is one of the major industries in north of Argentina. These animals can produce meat and milk of a higher quality than that of bovines in spite of the fact that they consume pastures that generally are not useful for other purposes. Gastrointestinal tract microbial ecology has an important effect on goat health and performance. In order to use the sugar cane residual, we fermented it\u2019s with lactic acid bacteria isolated from healthy animals. The work was carried out with six batches of 20 animals. The animals were kept in individual pens and feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Six groups of animals were fed during one month, with natural fermented sugar cane, and the same sample fermented individually with Lactobacillus reuteri DDL 19 (T1), Lact. alimentarus DDL 48 (T2), Bifidobacterium bifidum DDBA (T3), Enterococcus&nbsp; faecium DDE 39 (T4) and a combination of all these strains (T5). The fecal flora and the mammal health were evaluated. The T5 result in the best microbiological balance on fecal flora with a significant increased of lactic acid bacteria and had a remarkable diminution of Enterobacteriaceae. On the other hand, in this condition, the higher increased on goat´s weigh was observed after T5 administration. The mix probiotic appear to be an appropriate goat´s probiotic.","palabras_clave":"GOATS|PROBIOTIC|SUGAR CANE|FERMENTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108488,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Qué es jugar","resumen":"¿Qué entienden por jugar los profesores de educación física?¿De todo lo que hacen sus alumnos en clases, a qué llaman juego? Estas preguntas conforman el eje alrededor del cual se articulan las ideas que aquí se exponen. El texto corresponde al capítulo 4 del libro El juego en las planificaciones de Educación Física: Intencionalidad educativa y prácticas docentes publicado por ediciones Novedades Educativas. Los recuadros que ilustran el texto reflejan las expresiones de los profesores de educación física que colaboraron con la investigación de la autora.","palabras_clave":"EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA|JUGAR|DOCENTE|ALUMNO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108556,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"REPLICA  Genocidio y políticas indigenistas: debate sobre la potencia explicativa de una categoría polémica","resumen":"Tal como propone el título de este debate, lo que aquí se discutió no es, en realidad, la ocurrencia del genocidio como proceso histórico, sino hasta dónde nos sirve pensar con estas categorías para explicar lo que pasó y lo que pasa. Dado que los participantes de este encuentro coincidimos en el hecho básico -la existencia de una serie de procesos en el registro histórico y en el presente que resultan coincidentes con las definiciones jurídicas de genocidio-, la discusión ganó espacio para la profundidad y el detalle de  las diferentes implicancias de la categoría genocidio cuando es aplicada a la política indigenista.","palabras_clave":"POLITICAS INDIGENISTAS|GENOCIDIO|RACISMO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108637,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Extracto de semillas de vid (Vitis vinífera L.) con actividad antioxidante: eficiencia de distintos solventes en el proceso de extracción","resumen":"Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron comparar la eficiencia de diferentes solventes en la extracción de compuestos fenólicos a partir de las semillas de vid; evaluar la actividad antioxidante a través del poder reductor de los extractos obtenidos y analizar el proceso de extracción a diferentes temperaturas, utilizando el solvente más eficiente. Se emplearon semillas de vid cv. Cabernet Sauvignon provenientes de vinificaciones. Los solventes ensayados y las temperaturas de tratamiento fueron los siguientes: agua destilada a 90°C, alcohol metílico al 70% a 30°C, acetona al 75% a 30°C y alcohol etílico al 20% a 30°C. La concentración de los compuestos fenólicos fue determinada por el método de Folin-Ciocalteu. La actividad antioxidante se determinó midiendo el poder reductor, por el método de Oyaizu. El agua a 90°C fue el solvente más eficiente para la extracción de compuestos fenólicos de las semillas de la vid (12,587 mg\/g de materia seca). La acetona 75% a 30°C extrajo 7,268 mg de compuestos fenólicos \/ g de materia seca, el metanol al 70% a 30°C extrajo 0,963 mg de compuestos fenólicos \/ g de materia seca y el etanol al 20% a 30°C extrajo 0,799 mg de compuestos fenólicos \/ g de materia seca. Se estudió el proceso de extracción empleando agua a 60 y a 90°C. El agua a 90°C extrajo aproximadamente cinco veces más polifenoles que el agua a 60°C, después de cinco horas de tratamiento.","palabras_clave":"semillas de vid|Poder reductor |Proceso de extracción|Industria vitivinícola"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108657,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Todos alguna vez comimos carne de nutria?, Lectura crítica a la obra Basavilbaso (el sueño terminó), de Andrés Binetti","resumen":"Basavilbaso (el sueño terminó), escrita por Andrés Binetti, en colaboración con su equipo, indaga sobre los conflictos internos e interpersonales que se plantean principalmente entre dos hombres que conforman una pareja: Osvaldo ?protagonizado por Pablo Sciolini? y Néstor ? por Alejandro Lifschitz?. Éstos han elegido la soledad de un camping, en la pequeña localidad entrerriana de Basavilbaso, para disfrutar del fin de semana. Este lugar aparentemente desconocido por ambos había sido visitado anteriormente por Osvaldo y condensa niveles de prehistoria que irán develándose gradual pero sorpresivamente para su pareja a lo largo de la intriga.","palabras_clave":"Teatro|Basavilbaso|Binetti|realismo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108693,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"REMOCION DE NUTRIENTES EN UN HUMEDAL ARTIFICIAL COLONIZADO CON SENECIO BONARIENSIS","resumen":"El Embalse Paso de las Piedras (Argentina) es el suministro principal de agua cruda para los 400.000 habitantes de las ciudades de Bahía Blanca y Punta Alta y para el importante Polo Industrial de la región. El control de la eutrofización del embalse debido al uso agrícola-ganadero de la cuenca requiere limitar la afluencia de nutrientes a través del arroyo El Divisorio mediante la construcción de un humedal artificial a flujo superficial conformado por dos piletas en paralelo colonizadas con Senecio bonariensis Hook et Arn. (Asteraceae, Compositae). La remoción de nutrientes se analizó para diferentes estados de temperatura, crecimiento y distribución de la vegetación y carga hidráulica superficial. Las constantes cinéticas de reacción para TDP y SRP resultaron -0,203 h-1 y -0,284 h-1 respectivamente. El parámetro &#952; para nitratos resultó 1,133 y 1,172 para cada pileta. Se observó una fuerte correlación lineal entre carga másica de TDP y HLR y entre las concentraciones efluentes de TDP y SRP mientras HLR y k areal para TDP mostraron una relación dividida en dos etapas. HLR superiores a 35 cm.d-1 mejoraron la remoción de TDP. Los parámetros de remoción calculados para el humedal artificial permiten realizar extrapolaciones preliminares para proyectos similares de mayor escala sobre el arroyo El Divisorio.","palabras_clave":"CONSTANTES DE REACCI&Oacute;N |HUMEDALES ARTIFICIALES |SENECIO BONARIENSIS|NUTRIENTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108708,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tesis para el debate sobre  clase, estructura y política","resumen":"El concepto de «clase obrera» ha sido el centro de largas discusiones en estos tiempos de mutación del capitalismo a nivel global, debates que llegaron a plantear su inutilidad conceptual, y hasta su inexistencia como actor real.  Incluso la misma noción de «trabajo» fue puesta a consideración en el banquete de ideólogos y anatomistas. Sin embargo, las predicciones de los agoreros del capital que, durante los años 90, en pleno auge de la ideología neoliberal a escala planetaria, auspiciaban el fin del trabajo, parecen hoy haber perdido anclaje en los discursos de legitimación del sistema.  Desde una perspectiva crítica asumimos, en cambio, que la categoría de trabajo no sólo sigue siendo relevante en tanto eje articulador de la sociedad, sino que el trabajo asalariado, el trabajo plenamente capitalista, la venta de fuerza de trabajo es la figura predominante y cada vez crece más en todos los ámbitos de la producción social.","palabras_clave":"ESTRUCTURA SOCIAL|MERCADO DE TRABAJO|RÉGIMEN DE ACUMULACIÓN|CLASE TRABAJADORA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108798,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Miradas que interpelan la intervención social: Repensando las trayectorias del Trabajo Social en torno a la formación académica, la producción e conocimientos y los proyectos ético-políticos","resumen":"El artículo presenta algunos resultados acerca de la investigación sobre la construcción de proyectos ético-políticos y su relación con las políticas sociales y la reconfiguración de lo social. Pretende aportar a la comprensión del Trabajo Social como sujeto colectivo, y al análisis de la incidencia de dichos proyectos en la formación profesional y en la producción de conocimientos,como modos de interpelación a la intervención social, desde diversas miradas.Debatir acerca de  la actuación profesional del Trabajo Social supone cuestionar la formación que debe brindar la Universidad teniendo en cuenta los atravesamientos socio-políticos y las transformaciones societales, desde una mirada socio-histórica,  que permita reconocer y valorar su trayectoria y los aspectos emergentes.","palabras_clave":"Trabajo Social|Intervención Social"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108910,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Democracia, violencia urbana y espacio público: resignificaciones desde las periferias","resumen":"Reseña del libro 'Espacio, segregación y arte urbano en el Brasil' de Teresa Caldeira. Ed. Katz, 2010. Buenos Aires.","palabras_clave":"No tiene"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108915,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of Acetone-Water Extract of Tibouchina paratropica (Melastomataceae) on Mono and Dicotyledon Seeds","resumen":"The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of acetone-H2O extract of the aerial parts of Tibouchina paratropica on seeds of monocots Triticum aestivum and Panicum miliaceum and dicots lettuce and Raphanus sativus.","palabras_clave":"TIBOUCHINA|SEEDS|GERMINATION|TRITICUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108919,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SESQUITERPENE LACTONES AND INOSITOL DERIVATIVES FROM Hymenoxys robusta","resumen":"Six compounds from the aerial parts of the Argentinean plant Hymenoxys robusta (Rusby) Parker were isolated and their structures elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses. These compounds comprise two inositol derivatives and four 3,4-seco-pseudoguaianolides, including vermeerin. Bioactivity assay of&nbsp; these compounds against bacterial and fungal pathogens showed that only vermeerin possessed antimicrobial activity specific against Staphylococcus aureus , and showed no toxicity when exposed to humanderived macrophages.Hymenoxys robusta (Rusby) Parker were isolated and their structures elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses. These compounds comprise two inositol derivatives and four 3,4-seco-pseudoguaianolides, including vermeerin. Bioactivity assay of&nbsp; these compounds against bacterial and fungal pathogens showed that only vermeerin possessed antimicrobial activity specific against Staphylococcus aureus , and showed no toxicity when exposed to humanderived macrophages.","palabras_clave":"Asteraceae|Tetraneurinae|Sesquiterpene lactones|Bioactivity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108922,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CHEMICALS PRODUCTS FROM VEGETABLE ORIGEN USED ON WEED CONTROL","resumen":"The plants synthesize and accumulate in their bodies a variety of secondary metabolites. One of the theories proposes that plants use these compounds for their defense against weeds, pathogens and superior opponents.","palabras_clave":"CHEMICALS|WEEDS|CONTROL|AGRICULTURAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108940,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"\u201CMapa territorial y pobreza rural\u201D.  #51, mayo de 2011.","resumen":"Para los últimos relevamientos disponibles, la cantidad absoluta de pobres urbanos superaba largamente a la de pobres rurales.  Sin embargo, lo preocupante en áreas rurales es su mayor incidencia,  es decir  los porcentajes de población rural pobre son bastante más altos que los mismos  porcentajes en áreas urbanas, considerando los indicadores de NBI e IPMH.  Además, la pobreza rural es sinónimo de postergaciones históricas porque en la mayor parte de los casos no es producto de una baja circunstancial de los ingresos que luego pueden aumentar,  sino de condiciones estructurales debidas a  la carencia de  bienes que para adquirirse demandan ahorro acumulado, como sucede con  la vivienda.","palabras_clave":"POBREZA RURAL|NBI|IPMH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108951,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Saúl Taborda: su presencia en debates sobre la crisis, la estética y el reformismo (1885-1944)","resumen":"El presente artículo surge en el marco del proyecto ?La educaciónsentimental: la estética escolar argentina de la primera mitad del sigloXX? proyecto financiado por la Agencia Nacional para la Ciencia y laTecnología (ANPCyT) y que se desarrolla en tres universidades argentinas (la de Buenos Aires, la de La Plata y la de Rosario). El propósito específico de este trabajo es analizar el pensamiento pedagógico de Saúl Taborda, un intelectual forjado al calor del movimiento reformista universitario, de significativa presencia en el escenario latinoamericano y que ensayó propuestas reformadoras dirigidas al sistema escolar. Tres dimensiones analíticas serán centrales en la presentación del pensamiento tabordiano: la propuesta comunalista, una perspectiva emancipadora hacia los jóvenes y su participación en las instituciones escolares y la relevancia de la estética como dimensión formativa para los jóvenes.","palabras_clave":"PEDAGOGÍA HUMANISTA|COMUNALISMO |FORMACIÓN ESTÉTICO POLÍTICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":108996,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surface phase behavior and domain topography of ascorbyl palmitate monolayers","resumen":"ABSTRACT: Ascorbyl palmitate (ASC16) is a molecule ofpotential pharmacological interest due to its antioxidant propertiesand amphiphilic nature. The surface behavior of ASC16 wasstudied using Langmuir monolayers and Brewster angle microscopy.This molecule formed stable monolayers at room temperaturethat showed phase transition from a liquid-expanded toliquid-condensed or crystalline phase, depending on the subphaseconditions. Using a theoretical approach, we were able to explainthe behavior of the ASC16 film at different bulk pH values and saltconditions based on the surface pH and the dissociation fractionof the film. Both condensed phases corresponded to highly packedconditions with the crystalline phase occurring at a low chargedensity, showing molecular tilting and preferential growth atcharacteristic angles, while the liquid-condensed phase formed in highly charged surfaces revealed small flowerlike domainsprobably as a consequence of internal dipole repulsion. A smaller perpendicular dipole moment was observed for the crystalline thanthe liquid-condensed phase which may explain the domain features. In conclusion, ASC16 showed a complex surface behavior thatwas highly sensitive to subphase conditions.","palabras_clave":"Ascorbyl palmitate|Langmuir monolayers|Brewster angle microscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109033,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La escuela como aparato semiótico","resumen":"A través de este escrito quisiera acercarme al problema de la educación en la actualidad, desarticulando las relaciones cristalizadas que han dado como producto el estereotipo ?crisis de la educación?, vinculado frecuentemente al auge de las tecnologías digitales y la cultura mediática. Mi propósito es, por un lado, interrogar dichas esquematizaciones y por otro, ofrecer una serie de  glosas que ayuden a comprender mejor la complejidad del fenómeno educativo. Se trata de una auto-reflexión sobre las condiciones de posibilidad de la educación en el espacio mediatizado del que somos sujetos. Entiendo que estas reflexiones conforman un marco de referencia ineludible para futuros trabajos de docentes e investigadores universitarios.    En este trabajo, voy a poner en relación dos ejes: 1) cómo la educación pasa de moldear a modular y 2) la relación forma, formación e información. Vale aclarar que, en la medida en que estos dos ejes son dos proposiciones, la conclusión que extraigo a partir de ellas, introduce un tercero: 3) La información en relación con el saber y el conocimiento.","palabras_clave":"Educación|semiótica|nuevas tecnologías|conocimiento"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109115,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Comportamiento agonístico en machos de elefante marino del sur (Mirounga leonina, Carnivora: Phocidae) en la Isla 25 de Mayo, Antártida","resumen":"R e s u m e n :   Un etograma es una herramienta base en el estudio del comportamiento  animal. Sin embargo, para el elefante marino del sur (Mirounga leonina Linneo, 1758), especie en la que los machos compiten por el acceso a las hembras reproductivas mediante encuentros agonísticos, los etogramas que se usan se basan en reportes de la literatura, en los cuales se adaptan comportamientos de otras especies o solo se mencionan sin describirlos.  Por lo tanto, existen comportamientos de la especie que aún no han sido identificados.  Aquí se presenta un etograma referido al comportamiento agonístico de los machos, confeccionado a partir de la observación sistemática de este comportamiento durante tres temporadas reproductivas en la colonia ubicada en las islas Shetland del Sur, Antártida. El mismo cuenta con 27 actos de conducta, 6 de los cuales nunca fueron mencionados en la literatura disponible. Este etograma se comparó con los inventarios presentes hasta el momento para la especie. Además, se obtuvo la frecuencia de ocurrencia de cada acto de conducta en el conjunto de las interacciones agonísticas observadas y se comparó el uso de dichos actos  por parte de los machos pertenecientes a distintas jerarquías sociales. Esto permitió caracterizar el comportamiento agonístico de los mismos durante la temporada reproductiva.","palabras_clave":"ETOGRAMA|COMPORTAMIENTO AGONÍSTICO|ELEFANTE MARINO|ANTÁRTIDA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109163,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of methoxilated indoles with possible dopaminergic central action","resumen":". Compounds 5-7 were synthesized from 4-tetralones with o-iodoanilines by a radical nucleophilic  substitution or SRN1 reaction, and were pharmacologically evaluated in order to establish their possible antagonistic action on the central dopaminergic receptors. Behavioural parameters, such as stereotypy in rats were measured after intracerebroventricular administration of these compounds at doses of 10 &#956;g\/5 &#956;L. Our results  demonstrate that compounds 5-7 do not affect stereotypy behaviour. However, they inhibit the apomorphine-induced stereotypy behaviour, suggesting the involvement of the central dopaminergic system. Also we observe  that there is a concordance between the behavioural profiles induced by our compounds and those reported for  clozapine 8 and ziprasidone 9. It is plausible to suggest that compounds 5-7 could be acting as potential atypical  antipsychotic agents. Quantum calculations performed on the basis of a comparative conformational study of  their structures indicate a stereoelectronic similarity between the basic nuclei of compounds 4 and 5-7. In addition Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations performed on compounds 5-7 at the binding site of dopamine D2  receptor suggest that these compounds could interact with the human D2  dopamine receptors.","palabras_clave":"Dopaminergic receptors|Neurotransmitters|SRN1 Reactions|Quantum calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109189,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las re(d)vistas latinoamericanas y las tramas culturales. Redes de difusión en el romanticismo y el modernismo.?","resumen":"Las geopolíticas  de la cultura en Hispanoamérica, han puesto en juego   determinados lugares  (sedes metropolitanas), algunos medios (revistas,   empresas editoriales) y las  redes. Es así como ciertos estudios se han   ocupado de acercar la producción  textual con las sedes o espacios de   producción en diferentes momentos de la  cultura hispanoamericana.   Compartimos la inserción de la figura del intelectual  que hiciera   Christophe Prochasson en una  tríada identificada   con sus lugares (?lieux?) de encuentro y actividad, con sus  medios   (?milieux?) de expresión y comunicación y con la compleja red de    relaciones (?réseaux?) que teje a su alrededor, y no como un prisionero   de su  discurso, aislado de su entorno, sino que a la dimensión   colectiva del  intelectual se somete el orden de su discurso. En este   orden, los tres vértices  (lugares, medios y redes) cobran especial   trascendencia como podremos apreciar  en los casos del modernismo y   romanciticismo.","palabras_clave":"revistas latinoamericanas|redes de difusión|papel del intelectual."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109194,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"\u201CLa eficacia de las redes en la transferencia de bienes simbólicos: el ejemplo del modernismo hispanoamericano.\u201D","resumen":"En este trabajo pretendemos hacer funcionar la  metodología de las redes en el campo de los estudios literarios. No obstante  ello, realizamos inicialmente una revisión de las nociones de red y discutimos  algunas de las orientaciones teóricas existentes. El objetivo general es el de poner de manifiesto la manera como las redes  permiten, a través de sus entramados, la transferencia de tópicos culturales  (ideas, modas, tendencias, etc.) prescindiendo de contactos personales o no  siendo estos determinantes. Asimismo, la manera como las redes preparan los  escenarios en los cuales puede una idea tornarse triunfante y llegar a  imponerse en un determinado espacio. El caso que veremos, con valor  ejemplificador solamente, será el del modernismo hispanoamericano, pero no se agota  en él la capacidad heurística de las redes, desde luego.","palabras_clave":"redes intelectuales| transferencia de bienes simbólicos|modernismo literario"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109270,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Altered Phenotype and Functionality of Circulating Immune Cells Characterize Adult Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","resumen":"Abstract    Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease associated with insulin resistance and its metabolic consequences. Leukocyte mobilization, intrahepatic activation, and an exacerbated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines contribute to the development of NASH. Though alterations in peripheral blood (PB) T cell proportions and functionality remain unidentified, they might play a main role in NASH progression. We have compared the phenotype and Th1\/Th2 commitment of peripheral immune cell reservoirs in adult patients and controls as well as the ability of neutrophils and monocytes to handle an ex vivo challenge. Also, we correlated those parameters with the main histological characteristics in NASH. Compared with controls, patients showed increased numbers of CD4+&nbsp;cells and both CD4+&nbsp;and CD8+&nbsp;CD45RO subsets together with a higher frequency of IFN-&#947;-producing CD4+&nbsp;and CD8+&nbsp;T cells. We also found a decreased number of CD4+&nbsp;and CD8+&nbsp;CD45RA subsets. The distinctive production of IFN-&#947; highlights the significance of the observed skewed frequencies of PB T cells. Whereas ROS production by monocytes from NASH patients did not differ from controls, circulating neutrophils displayed a particularly higher phorbol myristate acetate-induced production of ROS. A negative correlation between oxidative burst and fibrosis grade was observed. This study reveals the presence of a characteristic profile of peripheral immune cells in NASH. We also discuss the probable influence of obesity on some of our present findings.","palabras_clave":"MEMORY AND NAIVE T CELL SUBSETS|POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CELLS|OXIDATIVE STRESS|TH1\/TH2 CYTOKINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109532,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"OOPLASM TRANSFER IN COMBINATION WITH INTERSPECIES NUCLEAR TRANSFER: PRESENCE OF FOREIGN MITOCHONDRIA, PATTERN OF DISTRIBUTION AND EFFECT ON IN VITRO EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT","resumen":"                  Although interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) has potential applications in the conservation of exotic species, an in vitro developmental block has been observed in embryos produced by this approach. It has been suggested mitochondrial mismatch between donor cell and recipient oocyte could cause the embryonic developmental arrest. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of mixed mitochondrial populations (heteroplasmy) on early development of iSCNT-derived cloned embryos. The effect of combining the techniques of ooplasm transfer (OT) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was examined by monitoring in vitro embryonic development; the presence and pattern of migration of foreign mitochondria after OT was analyzed by MitoTracker staining. In addition, the effect of transferring caprine ooplasm (iOT) into the bovine enucleated oocytes used in iSCNT was analyzed.                             There was no significant effect of the sequence of events (OT-SCNT or SCNT-OT) on the number of fused, cleaved, blastocyst or hatched blastocyst stage embryos. MitoTracker Green staining of donor oocytes used for OT confirmed introduction of foreign mitochondria. The distribution pattern of transferred mitochondria most commonly remained in a distinct cluster after 12, 74 and 144 hours of in vitro culture. When goat ooplasm was injected into bovine enucleated oocytes (iSCNT), there was a reduction (P&lt;0.05 ) in fusion (52 vs. 82%) and subsequent cleavage rates (55 vs. 78%). The procedure of iOT prior to iSCNT had no effect in overcoming the 8- to 16-cell in vitro developmental block, and only parthenogenetic cow and goat controls reached the blastocyst (36 and 32%) and hatched blastocyst (25 and 12%) stages, respectively. This study indicates that when foreign mitochondria are introduced at the time of OT, these organelles tend to remain as distinct clusters without relocation after a few mitotic divisions. Although the bovine cytoplast appears capable of supporting mitotic divisions after iOT-iSCNT, heteroplasmy or mitochondrial incompatibilities may affect nuclear-ooplasmic events occurring at the time of genomic activation.                                                         ","palabras_clave":"Nuclear transfer|Mitochondria|Heteroplasmy|Ooplasm transfer"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109797,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La explosión del Deepwater Horizon. Origen y consecuencias a la luz del Derecho Internacional","resumen":"La contaminación marítima  plantea diariamente nuevos desafíos a la comunidad internacional. Tal afirmación encuentra sustento principalmente en la gravedad de los accidentes marítimos ocurridos en los últimos tiempos  y que no hacen más que evidenciar la importancia que poseen estas catástrofes desde dos ópticas diversas, pero a la vez complementarias. Primero, desde la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales ya que a partir de los accidentes marítimos podemos identificar como punto de referencia al Estado como un sujeto en particular cuando estos sucesos ocurren en las proximidades de su costa (el Mar Territorial), o un poco más lejos, sea en la Zona Económica Exclusiva o incluso en Alta Mar si posee intereses en dicho espacio marítimo (ej: revestir la situación de Estado ribereño). Como segunda óptica, no puede escapar la mirada ambiental por adquirir ésta singular relevancia cuando se trata de la preservación y la protección del medio marino, ya sea a través de la lucha contra la pesca ilegal o la adopción de medidas conservatorias de la biodiversidad, entre otras. TrabajoEn este contexto, el 20 de abril de 2010, tomó especial relevancia en los medios de comunicación el desgraciado accidente ocurrido en las aguas del Golfo de México al explotar la plataforma  de perforación Deepwater Horizon,  amenazando gravemente al medio marino y generando fuertes debates sobre los métodos empleados por la industria del sector con relación a su responsabilidad social empresaria. Pocos meses después, explota la plataforma Vermilion Oil a sólo unos 320 kilómetros del sitio donde se encontraba la Deepwater Horizon. La situación en los medios de comunicación y la opinión pública en general nos obliga a preguntarnos: ¿Qué importancia tiene el medio marino para la humanidad? ¿Qué instrumentos jurídicos internacionales son aplicables a lo ocurrido en el Golfo de México? ¿Brindan los mismos una solución eficaz ante este tipo de situaciones? ¿Qué acción puede tomar la comunidad internacional?. En las siguientes líneas intentaremos responder a estas interrogantes.","palabras_clave":"Derecho Internacional|Derecho Ambiental|Hidrocarburos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":109843,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'ATESTACIÓN Y ATRIBUCIÓN en Sí mismo como otro de Paul Ricoeur'","resumen":"ATESTACIÓN YATRIBUCIÓN: hacia una ontología del sí  mismo como otro en Paul Ricoeur:   Resumen: El siguiente trabajo tiene la intención de ahondar  en el modo de ser del sujeto humano siguiendo los pasos que  Paul Ricoeur planteo para la recuperación del sujeto después  de su exaltación y su muerte. Se explora su ?hermenéutica del  sí mismo?, insistiendo en la noción de ?atestación? y en la  posibilidad de poner en conexión un sí mismo como otro que  se interpreta como identidad narrativa en su dimensión teórica  y que se atestigua conminado por otro en su dimensión  práctica a través de la noción de ?atribución? del recuerdo.  Podemos enumerar algunas intenciones filosóficas que  atraviesan la obra de Paul Ricoeur titulada Sí mismo como  otro. Una intención consiste en disociar dos significaciones de  la identidad y en buscar el puente que cubre la distancia de  sentido surgida entre estos dos polos. La dialéctica de la  mismidad y la ipseidad esta contenida en la noción de  identidad narrativa. Esta identidad narrativa nos posibilitará  el elemento de análisis del sí mismo en su dimensión  interpretativa o teórica. Otra intención filosófica pone en  juego una dialéctica complementaria de la ipseidad y de la  mismidad, y es la dialéctica del sí y del otro distinto de sí.  Para acercarnos a esta estructura dialéctica utilizaremos la  noción de ?atestación?. De esta manera analizaremos al si  mismo en su dimensión práctica.  Palabras claves: Atestación, Atribución, Hermenéutica","palabras_clave":"Atestación |Atribución|Hermenéutica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110007,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Calentamiento Solar de Agua: Impacto Energético y Ambiental","resumen":"xx","palabras_clave":"Energía solar|Colectores solares"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110011,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Elementos para el Diseño de un Proceso para Descontaminación de Aguas Residuales Empleando Energía Solar","resumen":"xx","palabras_clave":"Foto-Fenton |Energía solar"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110041,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La industria Argentina: crecimiento orientado por la demanda y cambio estructural","resumen":"Tras la salida de la crisis de la Convertibilidad, la industria se ha convertido en uno de los motores del crecimiento agregado de la economía. En estas circunstancias cabe interrogarse sobre las principales características del desenvolvimiento industrial reciente y si el mismo reproduce la estructura industrial heredada de la década previa o si, por el contrario, se observan cambios en la participación de los distintos sectores manufactureros, focalizando en el desempeño de las ramas intensivas en ciencia y difusoras intersectoriales de tecnología.","palabras_clave":"Cambio estructural|Argentina|Post-convertibilidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110058,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dynamics and Control of Infectious Diseases in Stochastic Metapopulation Models","resumen":"Journal of Life Sciences 5 (2011) 503-508 Dynamics and Control of Infectious Diseases in Stochastic Metapopulation Models Ariel Félix Gualtieri and Juan Pedro Hecht Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1122 Buenos Aires, Argentina Received: October 17, 2010 \/ Accepted: March 01, 2011 \/ Published: July 30, 2011. Abstract: The research on spatial epidemic models is a topic of considerable recent interest. In another hand, the advances in computer technology have stimulated the development of stochastic models. Metapopulation models are spatial designs that involve movements of individuals between distinct subpopulations. The purpose of the present work has been to develop stochastic models in order to study the transmission dynamics and control of infectious diseases in metapopulations. The authors studied Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) and Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic schemes, using the Gillespie algorithm. Computational numerical simulations were carried in order to explore the models. The results obtained show how the dynamics of transmission and the application of control measures within each subpopulation may affect all subpopulations of the system. They also show how the distribution of control measures among subpopulations affects the efficacy of these strategies. The dynamics of the stochastic models developed in the current study follow the trends observed in the classic deterministic designs. Also, the present models exhibit fluctuating behavior. This work highlights the importance of the spatial distribution of the population in spread and control of infectious diseases. In addition, it shows how chance could play an important role in these scenarios. ","palabras_clave":"EPIDEMIC DINAMYCS AND CONTROL|STOCHASTIC METAPOPULATION MODELS|SIS AND SIR SCHEMES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110109,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Elogio de lo inacabado. La problemática del retrato en el prólogo de las Novelas Ejemplares","resumen":"La voz autoral establece, en el prólogo de las Ejemplares, un curioso diálogo que trasciende el que habitualmente se mantiene con el lector (e incluso el recurrente con el interlocutor ficticio de otros preliminares cervantinos). El diálogo que aquí se plantea podría alcanzar el estatus de contienda y se realiza entre la imagen faltante del retrato ausente y las palabras que procuran recuperarlo o tal vez reemplazarlo.   Imagen y texto inauguran entonces la colección de novelas, planteando unas relaciones que no resultan ni estables ni del todo claras. Cuestión no fortuita o inmotivada en un ámbito cultural como el de la época de Cervantes en el cual el poder de las imágenes progresivamente inunda las más variadas manifestaciones de la vida social.  El gesto cervantino de presentar y al mismo tiempo escatimar la imagen prometida, nos habla tal vez de su particular relación con estas nuevas prácticas comunicativas que tanto se interesaban por los efectos producidos en el público.  El presente trabajo intentar dilucidar las implicancias de estos conflictos y su proyección como programa de lectura ejemplar para el resto de la colección al que sirven de pórtico.","palabras_clave":"CERVANTES|NOVELAS EJEMPLARES|PRÓLOGO|AUTORRETRATO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110253,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Conclusiones de las comisiones que participaron del IV Congreso de Práctica Profesional","resumen":"Compilación de las conclusiones arribadas en el trabajo en comisiones, durante el desarrollo  del IV Congreso de Práctica Profesional  Santa Fe, 3 y 4 de noviembre de 2011","palabras_clave":"CONCLUSIONES|CONGRESO|SANTAFE|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110257,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una jornada académica en la School of Law de Columbia University","resumen":"A principios de septiembre de 2011, tuve la oportunidad de realizar una visita académica a la School of Law de Columbia University, en la Ciudad de Nueva York.-Un buen amigo de nuestro 'Práctico...' de la UBA., John Sheffield, -alumno de Harvard y ponente en el II Congreso de Práctica Profesional, Rosario 2008- -me puso en contacto con Daniel Asher, alumno de derecho en Columbia, quien fue mi guía a través del campus de la Universidad. y mi puente con el Prof. Dr. Alejandro Miguel Garro.-  Alejandro Garro es argentino, abogado por la Universidad de La Plata , y hace treinta años que está radicado en los Estados Unidos, desarrollando una brillante carrera en la Universidad. Es Adjunt Professor of Law, Senior Research scholar, Parker School of Foreing and Comparative Law en la Universidad de Columbia, en donde se desempeña desde hace más de veinte años como docente a cargo del programa de derecho comparado y latinoamericano. Justamente, y gracias a su hospitalidad, pude presenciar la primera clase del semestre de su cátedra en la materia Comparative Law.-   Luego de su clase compartimos una larga charla en su oficina, en la cual, como no podía ser de otra manera, surgió el tema de la práctica profesional del futuro abogado,y las sinergias y diferencias entre el sistema norteamericano y el sistema argentino, en cuanto a la enseñanza práctica del derecho.","palabras_clave":"COLUMBIA|LAW |SCHOOL|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110260,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EL V CONGRESO NACIONAL DE PRÁCTICA PROFESIONAL Esta vez... ¡UBA-UNL!","resumen":"Los próximos días 3 y 4 de noviembre de 2011, se celebrará el V CONGRESO NACIONAL DE PRÁCTICA PROFESIONAL, bajo el lema: 'Educación integral para la profesión jurídica'. El encuentro tendrá lugar en la Ciudad de Santa Fé, Provincia homónima y, como en otras oportunidades, es la resultante del trabajo en equipo a través de la Universidad.-  Esta vez, nuestro Centro de Formación Profesional del Departamento de Práctica Profesional -Facultad de Derecho, Universidad de Buenos Aires-, que dirige el Dr. Juan Octavio Gauna, organiza este evento conjuntamente con la Unidad Coordinadora de la Práctica Profesional Final de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, cuyo Decano es el Dr José Manuel Benvenuti, participando también el Centro Estudiantes de Derecho ? FCJS ? UNL.-Como siempre, grande será el desafío. Las actividades se repartirán en dos días: -3 y 4 de noviembre de 2011-, y comportarán el trabajo en nueve comisiones ?con tres ejes temáticos-, conferencias, talleres y paneles.-","palabras_clave":"VCONGRESO|NACIONAL |PRACTICA|UBA-UNL|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110263,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nuevo Ateneo Universitario para el estudio de casos jurídicos","resumen":"Es ya habitual que, dentro de la planificación de las clases de nuestro 'Patrocinio?', llevemos adelante ateneos universitarios para el estudio de casos jurídicos. No obstante, deseamos compartir con nuestros lectores una particular reunión de este tipo realizada el 5 de mayo pasado en la Facultad de Derecho de la UBA, y organizada por quien suscribe en el marco de nuestro Patrocinio Jurídico Gratuito.  En esta oportunidad, el tema fue: 'Amparos en materia de salud'. Participamos del 'Ateneo', quien escribe estas líneas, así como también los Dres. Evaristo Pérez Virasoro, Miriam Gadea, Olga Edda Ciancia, y el Dr. Emilio Corsiglia, Subdirector de nuestro Centro de Formación Profesional. Ello con la activa participación de los alumnos de siete comisiones del Centro de Formación Profesional de la Facultad de Derecho (UBA) que comparten el mismo horario, más los alumnos del Dr. Pérez Virasoro, de nuestro mismo Centro, que tienen sus clases en días diferentes.  Como contenido eje del 'ateneo', se tomaron dos casos de amparo que fueran trabajados en distintas épocas por las comisiones del Dr. Pérez Virasoro y de la Dra. Gadea. Los asuntos no fueron coetáneos, y ésta fue una de las particularidades que hicieron aún más interesante el trabajo.","palabras_clave":"ATENEO|AMPAROS|SALUD|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110267,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Llevamos la Práctica de la Mediación a la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Salamanca","resumen":"En marzo de 2011, tuvimos nuevamente la oportunidad de realizar una estancia de investigación en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Salamanca, España, conjuntamente con la Dra. Edda Ciancia. Como en 2009, fue mentor, director y coordinador de nuestras actividades, el Profesor Doctor Lorenzo Mateo Bujosa Vadell, catedrático de Derecho Procesal de la Universidad de Salamanca, -España-, y miembro del Instituto Iberoamericano de Derecho Procesal, a quien agradecemos la cálida hospitalidad recibida.-     El tema de nuestra investigación fue: LA MEDIACIÓN COMO MÉTODO ALTERNATIVO DE RESOLUCIÓN DE CONFLICTOS. 'Sinergia de experiencias entre España y Argentina', con énfasis en el estudio del estado actual de la cuestión en el Reino de España y en la República Argentina , y su proyección en marcos supranacionales.-","palabras_clave":"PRACTICA|MEDIACION|SALAMANCA|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110270,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los estudiantes extranjeros y ?el patrocinio? de la Facultad de Derecho de la UBA","resumen":"En estos años, es cada vez más frecuente la visita de alumnos de universidades extranjeras que se interesan por nuestra actividad en el querido 'Patrocinio'. Baste recordar a John Moore Sheffield, estudiante de Harvard, que no sólo nos visitó en el año 2008, sino que presentó una ponencia en el II Congreso Nacional de Práctica Profesional ?UNR-UBA, Rosario, 2008-, y compartió clases en la Comisión 1050 del Dr. Etcheverry. También hemos recibido visitas estudiantes de la Universidad Paul Cezanne ?Francia-.  En el segundo cuatrimestre de 2010, Adaeze Ugwu, una joven estudiante de la Vanderbilt University Law School, compartió las clases de práctica profesional en la comisión de la Dra. Roxana Genovés que funciona en la APDH.-Ada, como enseguida fue llamada por todos, no sólo se integró fecundamente a la labor en el Patrocinio, sino que  también participó del Congreso de Práctica Profesional que se realizó en San Miguel del Tucumán, organizado por UBA y UNT.","palabras_clave":"ESTUDIANTES |EXTRANJEROS|PRACTICA|ABOGACIA|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110273,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"FÁBRICA Y TERRITORIO: un caso al sur de la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires","resumen":"En el presente artículo reflexionamos sobre el papel que jugaron las empresas  y los empresarios en la configuración del territorio en una etapa de la economía argentina. Consideramos, como punto de partida, que el vínculo empresa-territorio se manifiesta tanto en una dimensión material como también en una inmaterial, que se observa en la conformación del imaginario colectivo y de la identidad industrial de una comunidad. El caso seleccionado es el de Cristalerías Rigolleau, una empresa productora de envases de vidrio instalada al sur de la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires a comienzos del siglo XX.En este sentido, el análisis y reelaboración de un caso particular permitiría hacer un aporte a un debate conceptual más amplio. Nos interrogamos, entonces, acerca de las condiciones de atractividad territorial que están en el origen de la instalación de las empresas en un determinado locus, y sobre los desafíos y las alternativas que supuso la  industrialización por sustitución de importaciones a nivel local.Palabras clave: industrialización, empresa, territorio.Códigos de la clasificación temática del Journal of Economic Literature: N66, O14, N86, N96.","palabras_clave":"indistria|territorio|identidad local"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110275,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El encuentro de graduados de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la provincia de Buenos Aires (UNICEN)","resumen":"Hemos recibido buenas noticias sobre la práctica profesional del  futuro abogado desde la Ciudad de Azul, Provincia de Buenos Aires. Y es que allí se celebraron las jornadas de formación práctica  con eje en el tema: 'Pensar el derecho desde la región' en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.El evento se realizó en el mes de junio, en el marco del 'Primer Encuentro de Graduados'.  El trabajo tuvo dos ejes centrales: en primer lugar, la realización de un taller en el que se propuso el análisis de las oportunidades y dificultades en el ejercicio profesional; y,  en segundo lugar, la presentación de dos paneles: uno de graduados y otro de de docentes. El  cierre del evento estuvo a  cargo del Dr. Ciuro Caldani.","palabras_clave":"ENCUENTRO|UNICEN|GRADUADOS|VALLET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110296,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Lecturas sobre  las ideas poblacionistas. Una mirada a través del análisis de los discursos anarquistas. Argentina, (1930-1955)","resumen":"A partir de los estudios sobre maternidad y estudios sobre desarrollo del anarquismo en Argentina, pudimos conocer algunas ideas sobre las consideraciones de la maternidad en el discurso ácrata.  Estos análisis han hecho hincapié en la dimensión política y eugénica de la propuesta de maternidad consciente y voluntaria. Por un lado, el control de la natalidad era considerado una herramienta de resistencia al sistema capitalista. Por otro lado, formaba parte de una estrategia eugénica, para lograr el mejoramiento de la raza, ya que la multiparidad era considerada  un factor de degeneración racial.    Estos estudios extienden sus análisis hasta la década de 1930 lo cual responde a un convencionalismo historiográfico que indica la neutralización del movimiento a partir de ese período.    En este trabajo nos proponemos extender el límite temporal de investigación a través del seguimiento del discurso de  figuras que animaron el ideario anarquista a través de publicaciones libertarias. Por medio de ellas, reconstruiremos un discurso que  nos permitirá extender  la propuesta de maternidad consciente y voluntaria a otras dimensiones: la libertad sexual de las mujeres,  al distinguir reproducción de placer sexual y  su capacidad volitiva en cuanto a las decisiones sobre su cuerpo.    Asimismo, situaremos este discurso en relación a los discursos hegemónicos en relación a la mujer y la maternidad, centrándonos en el discurso médico y a las políticas públicas,  atendiendo a  los debates historiográficos en torno al carácter de las mismas.","palabras_clave":"MATERNIDAD|ANARQUISMO|PRONATALISMO|ANTICONCEPCIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110362,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrostatic design and beam transport for a folded tandem electrostatic quadrupole accelerator facility for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy","resumen":"Within theframeofanongoingprojecttodevelopafoldedTandem-Electrostatic-Quadrupole(TESQ)acceleratorfacilityforAccelerator-BasedBoronNeutronCaptureTherapy(AB-BNCT),wediscussherethe electrostaticdesignofthemachine,includingtheacceleratortubeswithelectrostaticquadrupolesand thesimulationsforthetransportandaccelerationofahighintensitybeam.","palabras_clave":"Electrostatic accelerators|Electrostatic quadrupoles|Accelerator tubes|Beam transport"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110365,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Accelerator tube construction and characterization for a tandem-electrostatic-quadrupole for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy","resumen":"The acceleratortubesareessentialcomponentsoftheaccelerator.Theirfunctionistotransportandaccelerateaveryintenseprotonordeuteronbeamthroughthemachine,fromtheionsourcetotheneutronproductiontarget,withoutsignificantlosses.Inthiscontribution,wediscussmaterialsselectedfor thetubeconstruction,theproceduresusedfortheirassemblyandthetestingperformedtomeetthestringentrequirementstowhichitissubjected.","palabras_clave":"Accelerator tubes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110456,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Uso de equipos neurocientíficos para la corroboración de significados","resumen":"Los especialistas de marketing de todo el mundo se han apresurado en definir la corriente del \u201Cneuromarketing\u201D, nosotros no estamos de acuerdo de que se trate de un nuevo paradigma del marketing. De hecho para nosotros la neurociencia es otra de las disciplinas de base de lo que llamamos el \u201Cmarketing esencial latinoamericano\u201D, como lo son también otras disciplinas y ciencias como la sociología, la semiología, la psicología y la antropología. Para lo cual, en este artículo presentamos la aplicación de la técnica experimental de la electroencefalografía móvil que resulta muy útil para corroborar los significados interpretados por nuestras técnicas de afloramientos de significados.","palabras_clave":"Neurociencia|Marketing|Significados|Electroecefalografía"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110459,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los significados de los productos en las bases de la empresa","resumen":"El modelo de la economía mecanicista trajo consigo un paradigma del marketing que desde su enfoque netamente pragmático&nbsp; y efectivista que se basaba en la impulsión de las 4P\u2019s sobre la base de una investigación de mercados cuantitativa que parecía dar la base a un plan de marketing seguramente exitoso, pero esta metodología con el tiempo mostró sus falencias y llevó a las empresas a estrepitosos fracasos. El motivo: las empresas no saben lo que realmente compran sus clientes, o peor aún, no saben lo que venden. El porqué afirmamos esto, tiene que ver con que las empresas aún no tienen metodologías de marketing para determinar los significados de sus productos. Desde nuestro paradigma del marketing esencial, intentamos ir a la esencia del problema, el que sin dudas debe ser detectar e interpretar los significados de los productos en la mente del consumidor. Desde este enfoque heurístico hemos diseñado las técnicas de afloramiento de significados. Para acceder a ellas se debe trabajar con grupos de mercado homogéneos y así hemos definido un proceso de segmentación en tres etapas: pre-segmentación, segmentación ad hoc y segmentación definitiva.","palabras_clave":"Significados|Esencial|Afloramiento|Eficacia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110463,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El significado del producto y su impacto en la marca","resumen":"El marketing tradicional angloamericano no llega a la esencia del problema del marketing que son la determinación de significados. Los significados de las cosas se alojan en la memoria límbica del cerebro humano, y son los que determinan los códigos simbólicos y culturales. Estos códigos funcionan como filtros \u201Cpasa \/ no pasa\u201D en la mente del consumidor. Detectarlos e interpretarlos es la diferencia entre la certeza o la aleatoriedad en el proceso de marketing y en el diseño de marcas. Aspecto en el cual se vuelve aún más relevante partir del significado del producto o servicio.","palabras_clave":"SIGNIFICADO|MARCA|MARKETING|ESENCIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110467,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La universalización del marketing","resumen":"Como en una religión durante décadas en las universidades de Latinoamérica se recitaba y aún hoy se recita la siguiente frase: \u201Cel marketing es uno\u201D. Incluso en un principio lo creímos e hicimos carne de este dogma, el cual fue rápidamente absorbido como única posibilidad para la implementación exitosa de los negocios. Pero, con el intento de su infructuosa aplicación práctica en Latinoamérica, la experiencia recogida en el mercado y el conocimiento adquirido, nos dimos cuenta de que este dogma no solo era falaz y engañoso sino que generaba una trampa intelectual y que también había sido estratégicamente planeada por quienes lo difundieron con vigor para ganar nuestros mercados. Siempre con la potencia de sus medios de comunicación y a través de la generación de consumidores aspiracionales que emularan el \u201Cestilo de vida americano\u201D y así perpetuar el éxito global de sus productos.Casi como en una verdadera religión fueron pocos los que cuestionaron si sus principios y su metodología eran aplicables en nuestra región. Esta analogía con la religión, si se quiere, a nuestro parecer es muy adecuada, porque los dogmas son considerados dentro de muchos credos, como declaraciones de la palabra divina, sagrada y certificada por el cuerpo doctrinario oficial. Más aún, los fieles aceptan los dogmas doctrinarios como un claro acto de fe, excluyendo así lo dogmático del terreno de toda ciencia e incluso de filosofía. Sin embargo, desde nuestra perspectiva el sentido esencial del marketing para ser aplicado en nuestros mercados latinoamericanos, posee un matiz que sobrepasa lo sutilmente diferente, para convertirse en un marketing radicalmente diferente. ","palabras_clave":"Significados|Patrimonio|Culura|Marketing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110472,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los significados como piedra basal del diseño industrial","resumen":"El marketing tradicional angloamericano no llega a la esencia del problema del marketing que son la determinación de significados. Los significados de las cosas se alojan en la memoria límbica del cerebro humano, y son los que determinan los códigos simbólicos y culturales. Estos códigos funcionan como filtros \u201Cpasa \/ no pasa\u201D en la mente del consumidor. Detectarlos e interpretarlos es la diferencia entre la certeza o la aleatoriedad en el procesodel diseño. De allí su importancia relativa. Es por esta razón que desde nuestra óptica del marketing esencial latinoamericano hemos puesto al significado del producto como la piedra basal del plan de marketing y del diseño.","palabras_clave":"MARKETING|SIGNIFICADOS|SEMIÓTICA|CÓDIGOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110635,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Realidad de la mediación judicial en Córdoba","resumen":"El presente trabajo, realizado a más diez años de la implementación  del sistema de mediación en Córdoba, busca determinar el uso de  la mediación y el conocimiento que de ella poseen las partes y letrados  que concurren al Centro Judicial de Mediación de la ciudad de Córdoba.  Mediación: Su aproximación a las personas que concurren a tribunales para solucionar sus diferendos. Interés, imaginario, información y uso de la mediación como práctica, método integrador, herramienta de auto-composición y no sólo a efectos de descomprimir a los tribunales. Como forma jurídica al servicio de la sociedad con miras al proceso justo que requiere; tendiendo puentes hacia la justicia y sus formas de futuro, como principal misión del operador jurídico.","palabras_clave":"MEDIACIÓN|CENTRO|JUDICIAL|CÓRDOBA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110639,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Acerca de los costos del reclamo de derechos y la mediación previa","resumen":"Acerca de los costos del reclamo de derechos y la mediación previa","palabras_clave":"RECLAMO|DERECHOS|COSTOS|MEDIACIÓN PREVIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110642,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La relación sistémica de las ciencias y la aplicación del Derecho - Acerca de la participación del sujeto en el contexto conflicto-decisión, dentro del sistema jurídico","resumen":"En un pasado muy lejano encontramos algunos principios y ninguna regla escrita. En un ayer bastante cercano, toda regla escrita hace principio y nada queda fuera de ella. Sin embargo hoy la multidimensión es reconocida por el derecho, anunciando el apogeo de la interdisciplina. Avanza  la superación del positivismo en la ciencia toda. Y el derecho se acompasa al viraje de las otras ramas científicas.","palabras_clave":"MULTIDIMENSIÓN|DERECHO|COMPLEJIDAD|INTERDISCIPLINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110645,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Acciones para mejorar el estado actual de esta disciplina en Córdoba","resumen":"Medidas realizables para mejorar el instituto de la mediación.","palabras_clave":"ESTADO ACTUAL|MEDIACIÓN|CÓRDOBA|ACCIONES PARA MEJORAR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110654,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Atesoramiento de Liquidez en Grandes Empresas. Una Discusión Teórica","resumen":"La reciente crisis económica internacional trajo consigo también una acumulación de activos líquidos entre las corporaciones no financieras de países desarrollados cuyas proporciones atrajeron la atención de analistas y académicos. Aquí se ofrece una discusión de los principales argumentos teóricos con que la literatura financiera ha pretendido explicar dicho atesoramiento. Se procura para ello confeccionar un marco histórico de referencia que dé cuenta de la dinámica cíclica de este atesoramiento en el período previo a 1980 y de los antecedentes que éste encontró en materia de modalidades de crecimiento corporativo.","palabras_clave":"demanda de efectivo|atesoramiento|crecimiento de grandes empresas|activos líquidos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110679,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"TRABAJO SOCIAL DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA CULTURAL Y PROFESIONAL. Los condicionamientos en las relaciones laborales que afectan su autonomía","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"TRABAJO SOCIAL |relaciones laborales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110711,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La ley 14208: las técnicas de procreación asistida y su cobertura por el sistema de salud en la provincia de Buenos Aires","resumen":"La ley 14208: las técnicas de procreación asistida y su cobertura por el sistema de salud en la provincia de Buenos Aires.Revista Abeledo Perrot. Septiembre, 2011. Pág. 984-1000","palabras_clave":"Procreación asistida|Cobertura de salud|Buenos Aires"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":110769,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A New Binary PSO with Velocity Control","resumen":"Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a metaheuristic that is highly used to solve mono- and multi-objective optimization problems. Two well-differentiated PSO versions have been defined ? one that operates in a continuous solution space and one for binary spaces. In this paper, a new version of the Binary PSO algorithm is presented. This version improves its operation by a suitable positioning of the velocity vector. To achieve this, a new modified version of the continuous gBest PSO algorithm is used. The method proposed has been compared with two alternative methods to solve four known test functions. The results obtained have been satisfactory.","palabras_clave":"Swarm Intelligence|Binary PSO|Velocity Control"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111228,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A reappraisal of the taxonomic status of Aetosauroides (Archosauria, Aetosauria) specimens from the Late Triassic of South America and their proposed synonymy with Stagonolepis","resumen":"The SouthAmerican record of early Late Triassic aetosaurs is composed of two species: Aetosauroides scagliaiand ?Aetosauroides subsulcatus.? Previously undescribed materials belonging to ?Aetosauroides subsulcatus? allow us to reassessits taxonomy, leading us to consider it a junior synonym of Aetosauroides scagliai. Based on the emended diagnosis ofthe species provided here, we recognize that specimens assignable to Aetosauroides scagliai are less common than thoughtpreviously and several of them are not diagnostic beyond indeterminate non-typothorasicine aetosaurins. Previous assignmentsof Aetosauroides as a junior synonym of Stagonolepis are not followed because the South American taxon is distinctdue to the presence of a maxilla excluded from the external narial margin, tooth crowns with a straight distal margin andwithout a constriction between the root and crown, a gradually convex ventral margin of the dentary, oval fossae ventral tothe neurocentral suture on the lateral sides of the centra, and a ratio between the length and the width between the distal-mosttips of the postzygapophyses equal to or lower than 0.75. The evidence provided here bolsters the validity of Aetosauroidesand extends the distribution of Aetosauroides scagliai into southern Brazil. Although Stagonolepis was employed as an indextaxon for the Adamanian LVF, this genus is currently restricted to Europe and North America. Thus, no overlapping generaor species of aetosaur are shared between South America and other landmasses. Accordingly, the record of aetosaurs is notuseful for providing biostratigraphical correlations between Late Triassic South American beds and those in other regions.","palabras_clave":"."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111270,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Variation of Polyphenols and Betaines in Aerial Parts of Young, Field-Grown Amaranthus Genotypes","resumen":"Amaranthus hybridus and Amaranthus mantegazzianus are commonly cultivated and the entire young fresh plants consumed as vegetables in regions of Africa and Asia. A. hybridus and A. mantegazzianus were cultivated at four sites in three climate regions of the world: Santa Rosa, Argentina; Lleida, Spain; and Prague and Olomouc, both in the Czech Republic. The contents of flavonoids (isoquercitrin, rutin, nicotiflorin), hydroxybenzoic acids (protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid), hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid), hydroxycinnamyl amides (N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyl-4-O-methyldopamine), and betaines (glycinebetaine, trigonelline) were determined. The variation in phytochemical content due to species and cultivation site was analyzed utilizing the multivariate statistical methods of principal component analysis (PCA) and graphical model (GM). The Argentinean samples differed from the three other locations due to higher contents of most compounds. The samples from Spain and the Czech Republic differed from each other in the content of the negatively correlated metabolites trigonelline and the flavonoids. The two amaranth species were separated primarily by a higher content of trigonelline and the two hydroxycinnamyl amides in A. mantegazzianus. The GM showed that the quantities of the different analytes within each compound group were intercorrelated except in the case of the betaines. The betaines carried no information on each other that was not given through correlations with other compounds. The hydroxycinnamic acids were a key group of compounds in this analysis as they separated the other groups from each other (i.e., carried information on all of the other groups). This study showed the contents of polyphenols and betaines in the aerial parts of vegetable amaranth to be very dependent on growth conditions, but also revealed that some of the compounds (trigonelline and the two hydroxycinnamyl amides) may be useful as features of a taxonomic classification.","palabras_clave":"AMARANTHUS|CULTIVATION EXPERIMENT|SECONDARY METABOLITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111273,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Variations in the polyphenol content of seeds of field grown Amaranthus genotypes","resumen":"In a cultivation experiment 18 different Amaranthus genotypes were cultivated in parallel in Argentina, Mexico, Spain and two different locations in the Czech Republic. The ripe seeds were analysed for their content of 11 polyphenols and the variations among genotype, species and location were analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). The flavonoid, rutin, exhibited large variations with varying environmental conditions whereas the flavonoid, nicotiflorin, was affected less. Amaranthus hypochondriacus displayed the most stable content of polyphenols with a high end content of flavonoids. The variations between location\/environmental condition were primarily described by the variations in the content of p-coumaric acid and protocatechuic acid in the seed samples.","palabras_clave":"AMARANTHUS|FLAVONOID|PHENOLIC ACID|SECONDARY METABOLITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111362,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Learning Networks in Innovation Systems at Sector \/ Regional Level in Argentina: Winery and Dairy Industries","resumen":"This work studies how the set of relationships that gives place to the learning processes is established in the food industry in Argentina. A theoretical ad hoc approach is adopted, conjugating the concepts of innovation systems at sector \/ regional level with some context considerations like the innovative behaviour of the global and local food industry and a description of the public and private S and T in Argentina. The study is focused in two cases: the wine industry, at the Mendoza province, and the dairy products industry at the centre of the Santa Fe province, both in Argentina. While the winery industry at the province of Mendoza exports differentiated products the dairy industry, at the central basin of the province of Santa Fe, exports commodities leaving differentiated (functional) products for the domestic market. These facts determine different dynamics between them, despite of what the established set of relationships is very complex and knowledge intensive in both cases. Also, in both cases the preponderant contribution of the public institutions of science and technology as knowledge and technology source is flagged.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTIN|INNOVATION SYSTEMS|LEARNING NETWORKS|FOOD INDUSTRY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111392,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Juristas, intelectuales y políticos uruguayos en la ciudad puerto de Rosario: sus aportes a la conformación de un nuevo espacio del conocimiento y la integración latinoamericana","resumen":"Revista indizada INTEGRA EL CATALOGO LATINDEX-RED DE CLASIFICACIÓN INTEGRADA DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS- REBIUN Y DIALNET. Revista editada por el Núcleo de Derecho Civil. Grupo de Investigación de la Universidad de la República con Registro en el Pro Rectorado de Investigación y en  CSIC. Directores fundadores Arturo Caumont y Andrés Mariño López. Consejeros: Atilio Alterini, Ricardo Lorenzetti, Jorge Gamarra, Eugenio Llamas Pombo, etc. Resumen: La dimensión del 'corredor cultural' existente entre la región de Montevideo y la de Rosario, se amplió significativamente con la apertura, en 1920, de las facultades rosarinas de la  Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Sin embargo, con anterioridad, uruguayos y rosarinos compartieron distintos jalones de su historia. Además, la inmigración de 'orientales' a Rosario dejó su propia impronta no sólo por ser la cuarta en cantidad, sino porque proporcionalmente detentó la mayor participación de sus miembros en la función pública. También se analiza la similitud de los procesos de modernización de los puertos de Montevideo y Rosario, y la dinámica regional que posibilitó la creación de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas Comerciales y Políticas de Rosario, (que recogió la tradición jurídica local y se convirtió en caja de resonancia de la producción de los juristas uruguayos), y que fue la primera en Latinoamérica en otorgar la licenciatura en Diplomacia. Allí estudió y fue profesor Manuel Núñez Regueiro, cónsul del Uruguay, quién conformó una red latinoamericana del conocimiento. Calixto Lassaga creará el Instituto Cultural Uruguayo Argentino. Como ejemplo del trato epistolar entre académicos de ambos países, se reseña el protagonizado por el jurista Eduardo J. Couture y su paso por la UNL en 1956.","palabras_clave":"Historia|Intelectuales|Rosario|Uruguay"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111438,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Transexualismo ¿maternidad de un padre o paternidad de una madre?","resumen":"Transexualismo ¿maternidad de un padre o paternidad de una madre?,","palabras_clave":"TRANSEXUALISMO|MATERNIDAD|PATERNIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111441,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vitro effects of both dopaminergic and enkephalinergic antagonists on the ovarian growth of Cherax quadricarinatus (Decapoda, Parastacidae), at different periods of the reproductive cycle","resumen":"The in vitro effect of both spiperone (dopaminergic antagonist) and naloxone (enkephalinergic antagonist), was assayed on small pieces of ovary dissected from C. quadricarinatus females, with the eventual addition of some neuroendocrine organs, such as thoracic ganglion or eyestalk tissue. The incorporation of tritiated leucine by the ovary was measured in order to estimate the ovarian growth. During the post-reproductive period, both mentioned antagonists were able to signi&#64257;cantly stimulate the ovary in the presence of thoracic ganglion, but did not produce any signi&#64257;cant effect in the preparation containing ovary and eyestalk tissue, or only ovary. No signi&#64257;cant effects of the assayed antagonists were noted during the pre-reproductive period.These results were in accordance with previous models describing the neuroendocrine control of crustacean reproduction, and represent new&#64257;ndings about the hormonal context in different periods of the reproductive cycle of cray&#64257;sh. Besides, by means of the experimental combination of the tested antagonists with dopamine ormet-enkephalin, a newmodel dealingwith the interaction of these two neurotransmitters on the hormonal secretion of thoracic ganglion has been proposed.","palabras_clave":"Crayfish|Reproduction|Ovary|Spiperone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111644,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Síntomas Negativos en pacientes con trastornos psiquiátricos no esquizofrénicos","resumen":"Introduction: The presence of negative symptoms (NS) in different clinical entities other than schizophrenia, with a dimensional approachof negative symptoms, was considered in this work. Objectives: Determine the presence and distribution of NS, in a populationof patients with non schizophrenic psychiatric disorders attending ambulatory treatment at public hospitals. Methods: Patients withdefine DSMIV diagnosis criteria for different disorders; affective, alimentary, substance abuse, anxiety, personality disorders and patientswith ILAE diagnoses criteria for temporal lobe epilepsy were included. All patients underwent the subscale PANNS for negativesymptoms of schizophrenia. Student T test was calculated to determine the differences of frequency for NS among psychiatric disorders.Results: 106 patients were included; 60 women, 46 men, 38 years ± 12.1. The 90% of patients have a low score of NS. Media 11.6;Max\/min 9.38 -14.29. Emotional withdrawal and passive social withdrawal were more frequent in alimentary disorders than in affectivedisorder and than in epilepsy (p<0.05). Emotional withdrawal was more frequent in substance disorders than epilepsy (p<0.05).Conclusions: According this study, negative symptoms are present in a low to moderate intensity in non schizophrenic psychiatryentities and in the temporal lobe epilepsy.","palabras_clave":"Síntomas negativos|Trastornos por sustancias|Trastornos afectivos| Epilepsia temporal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111744,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Rehabilitación de la Patagonia. Un territorio periférico escrito por la narrativa argentina actual.","resumen":"La comunicación consiste en la exposición de las formas de la inscripción de la Patagonia Austral en la contemporaneidad de la narrativa argentina. Puntualmente pensando dos novelas: Falsa Calma de Sonia Cristoff (2004) y La Siberia de Cristina Siscar (2006) trataremos de razonar qué sigue de vigente y qué aparece como una rehabilitación de este territorio en el proceso de producción narrativa. En este sentido, pensamos que podemos plantear no solamente el fenómeno de la representación actual de este territorio sino la productividad reconocida en los textos a partir de un juego intertextual, que sincretiza a una memoria precedente que ha descripto y inscripto el territorio con la necesidad de referencia la crisis del presente o actualidad del territorio en formas de umbralidad.Para dar cuenta de este proceso hemos de remitirnos a pensar la enunciación de los textos, los usos de géneros discursivos, en especial, el relato viaje y la implicancia de la historia y la memoria para referirse políticamente a la Patagonia Austral argentina que sigue siendo tematizado en el variopinto paisaje de la Literatura Argentina.","palabras_clave":"PATAGONIA AUSTRAL|NARRATIVA ARGENTINA|REHABILITACION DE LA PATAGONIA|TERRITORIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111748,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La escritura literaria del trauma y la deconstrucción de los mitos históricos en el territorio de la narrativa argentina actual","resumen":"El presente trabajo indaga la novela de Martín Koham, Dos veces junio, y el texto dramático Los murmullos, de Luis Cano, a partir de un entrecruzamiento de categorías provenientes de ámbitos disciplinares diferentes: trauma y políticas de la memoria. Los estudios sobre memoria del pasado reciente en relación con la noción de trauma han sido dos anclajes teóricos importantes para pensar la literatura argentina de las dos últimas décadas. En efecto, los textos del corpus serán analizados como manifestaciones disruptivas que intervienen de manera polémica, disputando sentidos políticos y sociales sobre este tema.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|NARRATIVA DRAMATURGIA|MEMORIA|TRAUMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111810,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of a semiempirical potential for simulations of thiol-gold interfaces. Application to thiol-protected gold nanoparticles","resumen":"A new semiempirical potential, based on density functional calculations and a bond-order  Morse-like potential, is developed to simulate the adsorption behavior of thiolate molecules on  non-planar gold surfaces, including relaxing effects, in a more realistic way. The potential  functions include as variables the metal\u2013molecule separation, vibrational frequencies, bending and  torsion angles between several pairs of atom types and the coordination number of both the metal  (Au) and thiolate groups. The potential was parameterized based on a set of density functional  calculations of molecular adsorption in several surface sites (i.e. hollow, bridge, top, on-top Au  adatom and the novel staple motif) for different crystalline facets, i.e. Au(111) and (100).  Langevin dynamics simulations have been performed to study the capping effects of  alkanethiolates molecules on Au nanoparticles in the range 1\u20134 nm. The simulation results reveal  an enhancement of the coverage degree whilst the nanoparticles diameter decreases. A high  surface disorder due to the strong S\u2013Au bond was found, in very good agreement with very  recent experimental findings [M. M. Mariscal, J. A. Olmos-Asar, C. Gutierrez-Wing, A. Mayoral  and M. J. Yacaman, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 11785].","palabras_clave":"SEMIEMPIRICAL POTENTIAL|NANOPARTICLES|THIOL-GOLD|INTERFACES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":111984,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Implications of Rural\u2013Urban Migration for Conservation of the Atlantic Forest and Urban Growth in Misiones, Argentina (1970\u20132030)","resumen":"  Abstract Global trends of increasing rural\u2013urban   migration and population urbanization could provide  opportunities for nature conservation, particularly in  regions where deforestation is driven by subsistence agriculture.  We analyzed the role of rural population as a driver  of deforestation and its contribution to urban population  growth from 1970 to the present in the Atlantic Forest of  Argentina, a global conservation priority. We created  future land-use-cover scenarios based on human demographic  parameters and the relationship between rural  population and land-cover change between 1970 and 2006.  In 2006, native forest covered 50% of the province, but by  2030 all scenarios predicted a decrease that ranged from 18  to 39% forest cover. Between 1970 and 2001, rural  migrants represented 20% of urban population growth and  are expected to represent less than 10% by 2030. This  modeling approach shows how rural\u2013urban migration and  land-use planning can favor nature conservation with little  impact on urban areas.  migration and population urbanization could provide  opportunities for nature conservation, particularly in  regions where deforestation is driven by subsistence agriculture.  We analyzed the role of rural population as a driver  of deforestation and its contribution to urban population  growth from 1970 to the present in the Atlantic Forest of  Argentina, a global conservation priority. We created  future land-use-cover scenarios based on human demographic  parameters and the relationship between rural  population and land-cover change between 1970 and 2006.  In 2006, native forest covered 50% of the province, but by  2030 all scenarios predicted a decrease that ranged from 18  to 39% forest cover. Between 1970 and 2001, rural  migrants represented 20% of urban population growth and  are expected to represent less than 10% by 2030. This  modeling approach shows how rural\u2013urban migration and  land-use planning can favor nature conservation with little  impact on urban areas.  Global trends of increasing rural\u2013urban   migration and population urbanization could provide  opportunities for nature conservation, particularly in  regions where deforestation is driven by subsistence agriculture.  We analyzed the role of rural population as a driver  of deforestation and its contribution to urban population  growth from 1970 to the present in the Atlantic Forest of  Argentina, a global conservation priority. We created  future land-use-cover scenarios based on human demographic  parameters and the relationship between rural  population and land-cover change between 1970 and 2006.  In 2006, native forest covered 50% of the province, but by  2030 all scenarios predicted a decrease that ranged from 18  to 39% forest cover. Between 1970 and 2001, rural  migrants represented 20% of urban population growth and  are expected to represent less than 10% by 2030. This  modeling approach shows how rural\u2013urban migration and  land-use planning can favor nature conservation with little  impact on urban areas.","palabras_clave":"Rural-urban migration|Stella|Atlantic Forests|land use change"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112014,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mecanismos de asistencia al ejercicio de la capacidad civil de niños y adolescentes privados de responsabilidad parental y adultos con disfunción mental. Revisión de la regulación civil argentina en materia de tutela y curatela","resumen":"Mecanismos de asistencia al ejercicio de la capacidad civil de niños y adolescentes privados de responsabilidad parental y adultos con disfunción mental. Revisión de la regulación civil argentina en materia de tutela y curatela","palabras_clave":"CAPACIDAD CIVIL|DISFUNCIÓN MENTAL|TUTELA|CURATELA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112263,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of fluoride on the oxygen uptake rate in the rat","resumen":"Fluoride (F) increases bone mass but the presence of inflammation has been observed. Inflammation could be the consequence of an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) as the result of modification of respiratory chain. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of F on the oxygen uptake rate (VO2) in rats treated with sodium fluoride (NaF). Sixteen Sprague?Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: NaF20: received orally 20 &#956;molNaF\/100 g bw\/day for 30 days, NaF40: 40 &#956;mol, NaF80: 80 &#956;mol and Controls received water. VO2 (&#956;mol·O2\/min·100 g bw) and fluoremiawere measured invivo before and after 90 min of NaF dose. After 30 days, VO2 and fluoremia were measured in liver 24 h after the last dose. Plasma glutation peroxidase (GPx) was measured every 10 days as a response of antioxidant mechanism. The effect of F 0-100 &#956;M on VO2 of liver and mitochondria on state 3 was evaluated. Results are expressed as mean±SEM and differences were considered significant when p&lt;0.05(*). In vivo, VO2 decreased after 90 min of F dose (0 min: 138±8, 90 min:113±1*). Plasma F levels were higher at 90 min than 0 min. After 24 h of the last dose there were no differences either in VO2 by liver or in fluoremia. GPx increased throughout the experiment in groups that received NaF, Control: 1.1±0.5, NaF20:1.2±0.5*, NaF40:1.3±0.4*, NaF80:1.4±0.4*. F produces a decrease in VO2 by slices of liverand mitochondria in state 3 (without F: 157±13, with F: 79±40*). Conclusions: F decreases VO2 in vivo after an oral dose and in vitro after the addition of F at similar concentrations. The effect of F on VO2 is observed only with high values of fluoremias. F decreased VO2 by isolated mitochondria. Plasma GPx increased along with the treatment with NaF. These results support the hypothesis that inflammatory focus could be the consequence of a decrease in VO2 and an increase in ROS","palabras_clave":"Fluoride|Bone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112400,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Digitalizando el gusto","resumen":"Esta breve reseña de '0.1: Experimentaciones poéticas con dispositivos electrónicos y digitales' (Espacio Fundación Telefónica, 2011) intenta describir el funcionamiento de ciertas tecnologías dentro del mundo de las artes contemporáneas.De esa manera, se propone que su inclusión en la esfera artística da cuenta de una necesidad de ruptura con algunas formas de producción; quiebres que, por cierto, no implican una novedad en el ámbito del arte contemporáneo sino que son herederos de procesos comenzados en las neo-vanguardias del siglo XX.Así, la exposición re-introduce la visibilización de las formas productivas, característica en algunas prácticas modernas, como una ventaja para el espectador contemporáneo, ya que le permite reconocer producciones artísticas alejadas de la noción de obra romántica.","palabras_clave":"DISPOSITIVO|POÉTICA|TECNOLOGÍA|ARTE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112402,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Arte y vida: cuando los límites son difusos","resumen":"En este artículo breve se analizan lo que se consideran dos momentos cruciales en la modificación de la relación entre arte y vida: la aparición de los ready-made de Marcel Duchamp y las experiencias neo-vanguardistas del arte de los medios.  En el primer caso, se trata del momento precursor de la expansión de las fronteras del arte, mientras que el segundo se relaciona más con la constitución de distintos públicos. En este sentido, se desea resaltar la modificación de las formas de hacer y ver arte, y el carácter propositivo de las exhibiciones, en tanto formadoras de recorridos.","palabras_clave":"ARTE|VIDA|TECNOLOGÍA|RECONOCIMIENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112404,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La importancia de ser Graciela","resumen":"En la presente reseña de la exposición antológica de Graciela Taquini, 'Grata con otros' (Centro Cultural Recoleta, 2011) se pone el foco en la relación de colaboración de la artista con algunos colegas y la posibilidad de multiplicidad de miradas de sus trabajos. De esta forma se intenta dar cuenta de la manera en la cual la autoría de ciertos proyectos es de difícil localización.Por otro lado, el texto intenta dar cuenta de ciertas problemáticas presentadas por la obra, como el lugar de la mujer, y la imagen propia y proyectada.","palabras_clave":"GRACIELA TAQUINI|CIRCULACIÓN|COLABORACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112406,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nuevas prácticas, nuevos problemas","resumen":"Esta reseña del libro 'Prácticas curatoriales para las artes tecnológicas: calibrando\/diseñando contextos' (Rodrigo Alonso, Espacio Fundación Telefónica, 2008) es una revisión de ciertos conceptos esbozados en un seminario en el cual participaron curadores de varios países y que dio origen a la publicación.Así, el presente estudio se centra en la revisión de algunos de los artículos y la relación existente entre las prácticas curatoriales contemporáneas y: las tecnologías vinculantes como internet, por un lado, y las hibridación de roles autorales (en el campo de las artes), por otro.","palabras_clave":"CURATORIAL|ARTISTA|ESPECTADOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112408,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tecnología perceptual","resumen":"El presente trabajo constituye una breve crítica a la exposición 'Infinitos paisajes' (Espacio Fundación Telefónica, 2011), desde la perspectiva de la inclusión de video arte en un relato curatorial. En este sentido, se reconoce las posibilidades de las obras presentadas de generar espacios de recorridos diversos, en tanto el movimiento del espectador a través de ellas no se ve restringido por la curaduría sino que posee cierto carácter aquí denominado democrático. Así, se concede a la tecnología una función de contacto entre artista y público, y de habilitadora de propuestas estéticas.","palabras_clave":"TECNOLOGÍA|PERCEPCIÓN|DISPOSITIVOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112409,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Valorar la lectura","resumen":"Este trabajo se plantea como una posible definición de ciertas funciones ocupadas por la crítica de artes como meta-discurso artístico, y su valor dentro de las esferas de circulación contemporáneas.De esta manera, se intenta dar cuenta de las diferencias entre los críticos inmanentes (definición de Tzevan Todorov que refiere a una práctica meramente descriptiva) y aquellos cuyo interés está puesto en la valoración del objeto de estudio y su inserción dentro de una red de circulación de significados (Verón, 1993).","palabras_clave":"LECTURA|ESCRITURA|CIRCULACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112411,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El caos es parte de la vida. Entrevista a Luis Felipe Noé","resumen":"Esta entrevista a Luis Felipé Noé, con motivo de su exposición 'Sin Embargo' (Galería Rubbers, 2011) es un recorrido por su famosa definición de crisis y las posibilidades que conlleva como devenir temporal, y la actualización de estos pensamientos, también ligados a una posibilidad de independencia cultural. Por otro lado, se plantea la necesidad de vinculación con la superproducción de imágenes en el mundo contemporáneo, que Noé observa como uno de los motivos de que la imagen en sí haya entrado en crisis.","palabras_clave":"NOÉ|CAOS|VIDA|ENTREVISTA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112417,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El arte de la guerra","resumen":"El filme 'Líbano' (Samuel Maoz, 2009) es analizado en esta breve reseña desde su utilización del lenguaje cinematográfico. En este sentido, se propone que la obra posee dos elementos disruptivos: su espacialidad (la película está filmada casi en su totalidad en el interior de un tanque de guerra) y su temporalidad (congelamiento en el interior del tanque, sucesión en el exterior, 'la vida').Por otra parte, el artículo intenta dar cuenta de uno de los problemas planteados por el filme (la responsabilidad y sentido de una guerra) y su vínculo con el conflicto bélico argentino más reciente, la Guerra de Malvinas.","palabras_clave":"LÍBANO|TEMPORALIDAD|FILM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112426,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular identification of HEV-B enteroviruses in patients with neurological infections from the central region of Argentina.","resumen":"Human enteroviruses (HEV) are one of the main etiological agents of aseptic meningitis and other infections of the central nervous system. In Argentina, viral meningitis are of mandatory notification; however, scarce reports about diagnosis and typification have been published. In the central area of Argentina, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HEV infections are still unknown. Molecular methods are useful to identify serotypes from clinical samples, improving the epidemiological understanding of these diseases.The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiology and molecular identification of HEV associated to neurological infections of central Argentina, occurred between January 2007 and March 2008. RT-nested PCR of highly conserved 5\u2019-non-coding region of the genome was used to detect HEV in 168 samples of cerebrospinal fluid from hospitalized patients with suspected infection of the central nervous system and 33 (7.7%) of them were positive. Molecular typing of HEV was performed with RT-PCR and sequencing of 3\u2019-half VP1 region. Echovirus 30 (E30) was the most frequently detected serotype (80%), followed by coxsakievirus A9 and B4. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all E30 strains from 2007 clustered to the recently described lineage H. The only sequence obtained in 2008 from a patient with meningoencephalitis grouped distant from the others, probably belonging to a new lineage. These results are important to understand the molecular epidemiology of viral meningitis in this Argentine region. Larger studies including different periods and regions would be helpful to characterize the genetic diversity of circulating E30 in Argentina. ","palabras_clave":"enterovirus|Argentina|molecular epidemiology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112457,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mujeres, vida cotidiana y políticas públicas en una comunidad rural. Jumial Grande 1989-2009","resumen":"Este estudio se propone analizar el proceso histórico vivido durante las dos últimas décadas con la mirada puesta en la comunidad de Jumial Grande, del Departamento Figueroa. En ella convergen procesos organizativos impulsados por diferentes programas del Estado Nacional y Provincial, con el protagonismo central de un grupo de mujeres organizadas desde fines de la década del 80. Esta organización ha tenido desde sus inicios, un impulso para la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en su proceso de intervención. Se trata de una comunidad rural, pobre y aislada, en un medio agroecológico degradado, con dificultades de accesibilidad por los malos caminos, que ha recibido numerosos subsidios y créditos como estrategias de promoción del desarrollo. Durante este período se han producido cambios importantes en el sector campesino que redefinen el escenario del mundo rural, con avances de la frontera agrícola con conflictos por la tierra, organizaciones campesinas de larga trayectoria, y políticas sociales que sostienen a las familias rurales pobres. Se utilizarán fuentes orales y documentales, se trabajará con entrevistas a las mujeres, a integrantes de la comunidad, dirigentes campesinos y funcionarios de programas de desarrollo de diferentes reparticiones del Estado.","palabras_clave":"GENERO|VIDA |COTIDIANA |DEMOGRAFIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112473,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of the Microstructure of Vulcanized Polybutadiene Rubber on the Dielectric Properties","resumen":"Dielectric relaxation spectra in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 1   GHz were obtained at room temperature to study the influence of the   network structure formed during vulcanization on the dielectric   properties of polybutadiene rubber (BR).Two polybutadiene rubbers with different cis, trans and vinyl   content in their molecular structure were used to prepare compounds   with a cure system based on sulphur and TBBS (N-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole   sulfenamide). Samples of each compound were vulcanized at 433 K for   several times in order to obtain different crosslink densities. Structural changes in both compounds during vulcanization were measured by means of solid-state C-13 NMR spectroscopy. Dielectric   permittivity was measured as function of the frequency and analyzed   using the Havriliak-Negami model. The results show a clear dependence of   the dielectric parameters on the crosslink density and 1,4-cis content.","palabras_clave":"Polybutadiene rubber|Dielectric properties|Crosslinking"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112474,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modification of the mesoscopic structure in neutron irradiated EPDM viewed through positron annihilation spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis","resumen":"This article focuses on the study of the mesoscopic structure in neutron irradiated EPDM both from experimental and theoretical points of view. In this work we reveal completely the modification of the mesostructure of the EPDM due to neutron irradiation, resolving volume fraction, size and distribution of the crystalline zones as a function of the irradiation dose. Positron annihilation spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis techniques are applied and the results are discussed by means of new theoretical results for describing the interaction process between the crystals and amorphous zones in EPDM.","palabras_clave":"Mechanical properties|Dynamic mechanical analysis|Positron annihilation spectroscopy|Elasticity theory|EPDM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112475,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biological activity and ligand binding mode to the progesterone receptor of A-homo analogues of progesterone","resumen":"The biological activity of two seven-membered A-ring (A-homo) analogues of progesterone was evaluated by transactivation assays in Cos-1 cells and by determination of Bcl-xL expression levels in T47D cells. The results show that both compounds act as selective progesterone receptor (PR) agonists but lack mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activity. Molecular modelling using semiempirical AM1 and ab initio HF\/6-31G**   calculations, showed that the A-ring of the A-homo steroids may adopt   five different conformations, although only three correspond to low   energy conformers. The low energy conformers of each analogue were   introduced into the ligand binding pocket of the PR ligand binding domain (LBD) obtained from the PR LBD?progesterone crystal structure. The steroid binding mode was then analyzed using 10&nbsp;ns of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The PR LBD?progesterone   complex was also simulated as a control system. The MD results showed   that both A-homo steroids have one conformer that may be properly   recognized by the PR, in agreement with the observed progestagen   activity. Moreover, the simulation revealed the importance of a water   molecule in the formation of a hydrogen bonding network among specific receptor residues and the steroid A-ring carbonyl.","palabras_clave":"Progesterone receptor|A-Homo pregnane|Molecular Dynamics|Progestagen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112476,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microwave assisted preparation of C(1)-C(11) oxygen-bridged pregnanes","resumen":"1,11-Epoxysteroids may be obtained by an intramolecular remote functionalization using Suarez reagent (diacetoxyiodobenzene\/I2) and irradiation with visible light. We have found that photolysis with visible light may be advantageously replaced by microwave irradiation to prepare 1,11-oxygen bridges resulting in higher yields and shorter reaction times especially in the case of sensitive substrates. Both methodologies were compared on a set of representative 11-a-hydroxypregnanes (3, 8, 10 and 11).2) and irradiation with visible light. We have found that photolysis with visible light may be advantageously replaced by microwave irradiation to prepare 1,11-oxygen bridges resulting in higher yields and shorter reaction times especially in the case of sensitive substrates. Both methodologies were compared on a set of representative 11-a-hydroxypregnanes (3, 8, 10 and 11).","palabras_clave":"MICROWAVE|DIACETOXYIODOBENZENE|REMOTE FUNCTIONALIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112477,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sequential predictability of the scanning behaviour of greater rheas, Rhea americana","resumen":"Some models that predict the scanning pattern to maximize the probability of predator detection by preys assume sequential randomness (i.e. length of inter-scans intervals are independent from each other and from the length of scan events). Sequential randomness would avoid that stalking predators synchronize their attacks with long inter-scan intervals. We analyzed the presence of sequential randomness in the scanning behaviour of the greater rhea (Rhea americana), a large flightless bird that forages solitarily or in groups. We analyzed sequences of behaviour of 40 wild rheas, foraging solitarily or in groups of 2 to 17 individuals, in two populations of eastern Argentina. We used parametric (auto and cross-correlations) and non-parametric (Runs tests and Spearman Rank Correlations) tests to detect dependence among intervals. We detected temporal dependence of inter-scan intervals in 30 of 40 behavioural series, but only 11 of 40 sequences showed consistent dependence when tested using parametric and non-parametric tests. The temporal dependence detected in some individual sequences would still be used by predators to synchronize their attacks with long inattentive periods of the preys. However, simple simulations showed that attack success would not be different from that of predators launching their attacks at the beginning of a randomly selected inattentive period of the preys. We propose that temporal dependence in greater rheas would be the result of simple mechanistic rules determined by the compromise between foraging and scanning behaviour and it would be of scarce value to potential stalking predators.","palabras_clave":"Vigilance|Greater Rhea|Rhea americana|Group size"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112478,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of grassland burning on reproductive success of globally threatened Strange-tailed Tyrants Alectrurus risora","resumen":"The north-east of Argentina contains a high number of globally threatened grassland birds and is increasingly managed for livestock, with annual burning in remaining natural grasslands. The  Strange-tailed Tyrant Alectrurus risora, a globally threatened grassland specialist, has suffered  a 90% contraction in its original range. From 1996 to 2008 we monitored a breeding population  in Formosa, north-east Argentina, and explored the effect on breeding of four accidental and one  prescribed fires. The plant most frequently used for nesting was Imperata brasiliensis, but the  frequency of use was lower after a fire than before. In years with a fire, the height of the plant  used for nesting and the height of the nest were lower than in those without a fire. Females  avoided nesting in the burned plot in the breeding season immediately after the prescribed fire,  but they started to return to the burned plot by the second breeding season and did not  discriminate between plots by the third breeding season after the fire. Movements of females after  the prescribed fire did not affect nest survival, clutch size, hatchability or chick survival indicating  this species was adapted to regular fires. However, our results also show that annual burning in  the grassland negatively affects the settlement for reproduction of Strange-tailed Tyrants and that  the intervals between burns in the same grassland should be longer than two years.","palabras_clave":"Strange-tailed Tyrant|Alectrurus risora|Grassland birds|Reproductive success"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112479,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ni-W coatings electrodeposited on carbon steel: chemical composition, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance","resumen":"Hard, ductile and adherentnano structured Ni\u2013Wcoatings were electrodeposited on carbon steel fromelectrolyte solutionscontainings o&nbsp; disodium tungstate, nickel sulfate and sodium citrate,using different current pulse programs.Current pulse frequency was thedominant factorto de fine chemical composition, grainsize,thickness and hardness.According to the electrodeposition conditions the deposited coatings showed 15\u201330at% W, the grain size range d from 65to140 nm,and the hardness varied from 650 to 850 Hv.Tungsten carbide also present in the coating contributed to its hardness.The corrosion resistance of the Ni\u2013Wcoated steel was tested by potentiodynamic polarization in a neutral medium containing sulphate ions.TheNi W coating protected the carbon steel from localized corrosion induced by sulphate anions.","palabras_clave":"electrodeposition Ni\/W|nanostructured alloy|hardness and ductility|corrosion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112480,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":")  The endothelium modulates the arterial wall mechanical response to intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation: in vivo studies","resumen":"Abstract  Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) benefits could depend on variations in the cardiovascular biomechanical properties associated with blood flow-induced endothelium-dependent changes. However, if IABP results in changes in the peripheral artery biomechanics and if the endothelium plays a role in these potential changes remains unknown. The aim of this study is to characterize acute IABP effects on peripheral artery biomechanics in control and acute heart failure (AHF) states and the role of the endothelium in IABP effects on peripheral artery biomechanics. Pressure and diameter were recorded in sheep (n= 7) iliac arteries (IAs), before and during 1:2 IABP, during four states: (i) control with intact IA; (ii) AHF with intact IA; (iii) control with de-endothelialized (DE) (mechanical rubbing) IA; and (iv) AHF with DE IA. Arterial distensibility, elastic modulus, and conduit function (CF) (1\/characteristic impedance) were calculated. The results of this study include: (i) during control conditions, IABP resulted in intact IA dilatation, stiffness reduction, and CF increase; (ii) AHF induction determined a reduction in intact IA diameter and CF, and a stiffness increase. These changes reverted during IABP; (iii) the increase in IA stiffness observed after DE remained unchanged during IABP; (iv) in DE IA, AHF did not result in diameter or stiffness changes; and (v) IABP during AHF did not associate changes in diameter or stiffness in the DE IA. In conclusion, during control and AHF states, IABP results in IA dilatation and stiffness reduction. The integrity of the endothelial layer would be critical for the IABP-associated changes in IA biomechanics.","palabras_clave":"Acute heart failure|Arterial stiffness|Endothelium|Intra-aortic balloon pump"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112481,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spectroscopic Investigation of the VO(2+)\/Hyaluronate Interaction","resumen":"SD","palabras_clave":"SD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112482,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and Characterization of Bistropolonato Oxovanadium (IV and V) Complexes","resumen":"SD","palabras_clave":"SD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112483,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vibrational spectra of bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV), a potent insulin mimetic agent\u201D.","resumen":"SD","palabras_clave":"SD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112484,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vibrational Spectra of Double Oxalates of the Type M(I)2Cu(C2O4)2.2H2O (M(I) = Na(+), K(+), NH4(+))","resumen":"SD","palabras_clave":"SD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112485,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vibrational Spectra of Tris(maltolato)gallium(III): A New Interesting Antitumoral Agent","resumen":"SD","palabras_clave":"SD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112486,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spectroscopic Characterization of [Cu(L-Lysinato)2Cl2].2H2O","resumen":"Copper compounds and, in particular, Cu(II) complexes show&nbsp; relevant&nbsp; pharmacological &nbsp;interest.Copper complexes of most of the simplest amino acids showed a particular &nbsp;relevance, appearing evenuseful for copper supplementation in human and veterinary medicine. In this contribution, the infraredand Raman spectra of the Cu(II) complex of L-lysine of composition [Cu(L-Lysinato)2Cl2]·2H2Owere&nbsp; recorded and analyzed in relation to its structural peculiarities and by comparison with the spectraof L-lysine hydrochloride. The electronic spectrum of the complex &nbsp;is also briefly discussed.ato)2Cl2]·2H2Owere&nbsp; recorded and analyzed in relation to its structural peculiarities and by comparison with the spectraof L-lysine hydrochloride. The electronic spectrum of the complex &nbsp;is also briefly discussed.","palabras_clave":"Cu(II)-Lysinato complex|Copper-supplementation|Electronic spectra|Vibrational spectra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112487,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Presentación'","resumen":"El artículo  presenta el primer número de la revista 'Tintas. Comunicación Federal', titulado ?Las extensiones en primera persona?, que reúne trabajos de estudiantes y graduados\/as producidos desde las diferentes extensiones áulicas de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social (UNLP). El artículo presenta una reflexión en torno en torno los modos de concebir la extensión, poniendo en tensión las perspectivas difusionistas (donde extensión se asociada con extender, asistir, derramar, iluminar) con la perspectiva que articula extensión con inclusión, en clave de diálogo, de entreaprendizaje, de un modo de reconocimiento paritario entre universidad y territorio.","palabras_clave":"lenguaje|ciencia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112488,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Suramab, a novel antiangiogenic agent, reduces tumor growth and corneal neovascularization","resumen":"PURPOSE: Oncological and ophthalmological diseases are increasingly treated with antiangiogenic agents. These agents have different intensities and duration of effects that should be considered to choose the most suitable therapy. Our purpose was to evaluate the synergistic effect of two drugs, jointly administered as a pharmaceutical compound, in two animal models.METHODS: Corneal neovascularization was induced in three groups of nine white New Zealand rabbits, applying a filter paper disk soaked in 1 M NaOH on the central cornea (Ormerod et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 30:2148-2153, 1989). Group one was treated immediately after injury with intravenous Suramab, compound of Bevacizumab + Suramin, and group two with intravenous Bevacizumab. A third group of non-treated rabbits was included as control group. Digital photographs were taken at days 9, 15, 21, and 35. Neovessel index (NVI) was calculated using the Image J Program. Neovessels formation was quantified and given a score from 0 to 4 to each quadrant according to the centripetal growth of the longest vessel. Colorectal animal model: 6- to 8-week-old male BALB\/c mice were inoculated with cancer cells. Seven days after tumor inoculation, four groups of BALB\/c mice were treated with intravenous Bevacizumab (n = 9); intravenous Suramin (n = 10); intravenous Suramab (n = 10); and intravenous saline solution (n = 4). Tumor growth was assessed twice weekly by caliper measurement.RESULTS: The NVI was remarkably inferior in the group of rabbits treated with intravenous Suramab compared with controls after 35 days of follow-up. A greater inhibitory effect was obtained with Suramab compared to that obtained with Bevacizumab. Suramab significantly reduced tumor volume and prolonged survival of mice compared to controls.CONCLUSIONS: Suramab strongly reduced neovascularization in a rabbit model of corneal angiogenesis and induced a potent antitumoral effect in mice.","palabras_clave":"Angiogenesis|Cancer|Suramab|Bevacizumab|Suramin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112489,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and Characterization of Ca2CoTaO6, a New Monoclinically Distorted Double Perovskite","resumen":"&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The new Ca2CoTaO6 double perovskite has been synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction and its unit cell parameters determined by X-ray powder diffractometry. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21\/n with Z = 2. The IR spectrum of the material was recorded and is briefly discussed. Some comparisons with Ca2CoNbO6 and other isostructural perovskites are also performed.","palabras_clave":"Ca2CoTaO6|Double perovskite|X-ray diffraction|IR spectrum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112490,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of serum on the mitochondrial active area on developmental days 1 to 4 in in vitro-produced bovine embryos","resumen":"Certain morphological changes at the subcellular level caused by the current techniques for in vitro embryo production seem to affect mitochondria. Many of these, including dysfunctional changes, have been associated with the presence of serum in the culture medium. Thus, the aim of the present work was to assess the mitochondrial dynamics occurring in embryos during the first 4 days of development, in order to analyze the most appropriate time for adding the serum. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs to calculate the embryo area occupied by the different morphological types of mitochondria, and analyzed them with Image Pro Plus analyzer. The results showed hooded mitochondria as the most representative type in 1- to 4-day-old embryos. Swollen, on-fusion, orthodox and vacuolated types were also present. When analyzed in embryos cultured without serum, the dynamics of the different mitochondrial types appeared to be similar, a fact that may provide evidence that the developmental changes control the mitochondrial dynamics, and that swollen mitochondria may not be completely inactive. In contrast, in culture medium supplemented with serum from estrous cows, we observed an increased area of hooded mitochondria by developmental day 4, a fact that may indicate an increased production of energy compared with previous days. According to these results, the bovine serum added to the culture medium seems not to be responsible for the functional changes in mitochondria.in vitro embryo production seem to affect mitochondria. Many of these, including dysfunctional changes, have been associated with the presence of serum in the culture medium. Thus, the aim of the present work was to assess the mitochondrial dynamics occurring in embryos during the first 4 days of development, in order to analyze the most appropriate time for adding the serum. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs to calculate the embryo area occupied by the different morphological types of mitochondria, and analyzed them with Image Pro Plus analyzer. The results showed hooded mitochondria as the most representative type in 1- to 4-day-old embryos. Swollen, on-fusion, orthodox and vacuolated types were also present. When analyzed in embryos cultured without serum, the dynamics of the different mitochondrial types appeared to be similar, a fact that may provide evidence that the developmental changes control the mitochondrial dynamics, and that swollen mitochondria may not be completely inactive. In contrast, in culture medium supplemented with serum from estrous cows, we observed an increased area of hooded mitochondria by developmental day 4, a fact that may indicate an increased production of energy compared with previous days. According to these results, the bovine serum added to the culture medium seems not to be responsible for the functional changes in mitochondria.","palabras_clave":"Bovine, |Embryo, |Mitochondria, |Serum, |Ultrastructure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112491,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Agaricus blazei production on non-composted substrates based on sunflower seed hulls and spent Oyster mushroom substrate","resumen":"Agaricus blazei Murrill is usually cultivated using the same biphasic composting method employed for A. bisporus. Here non-composted substrates were studied for A. blazei cultivation.","palabras_clave":"sd"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112492,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Copper and Zinc Bioaccumulation and Bioavailability of Ganoderma lucidum.","resumen":"Ganoderma lucidum is a widely recognized medicinal mushroom. The bioaccumulation and17 potential bioavailability of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), which are essentials for human health,18 were analyzed on G. lucidum mycelium and fruitbodies grown in the presence of these metals19 to test their potential utility as a food dietary supplement. Mycelia grown in culture medium20 with non-mycotoxic doses of Cu or Zn (25 and 50 mg kg-1) were selected for evaluation of the21 bioavailability of these metals in the gastrointestinal tract by using an in vitro simulated22 digestion system.23 One-gram dried mycelium grown in the presence of 50 mg kg-1 Cu or Zn showed a24 bioavailability of 19 % Cu and 2 % Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When25 fruitbodies&nbsp;production were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.is a widely recognized medicinal mushroom. The bioaccumulation and17 potential bioavailability of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), which are essentials for human health,18 were analyzed on G. lucidum mycelium and fruitbodies grown in the presence of these metals19 to test their potential utility as a food dietary supplement. Mycelia grown in culture medium20 with non-mycotoxic doses of Cu or Zn (25 and 50 mg kg-1) were selected for evaluation of the21 bioavailability of these metals in the gastrointestinal tract by using an in vitro simulated22 digestion system.23 One-gram dried mycelium grown in the presence of 50 mg kg-1 Cu or Zn showed a24 bioavailability of 19 % Cu and 2 % Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When25 fruitbodies&nbsp;production were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.G. lucidum mycelium and fruitbodies grown in the presence of these metals19 to test their potential utility as a food dietary supplement. Mycelia grown in culture medium20 with non-mycotoxic doses of Cu or Zn (25 and 50 mg kg-1) were selected for evaluation of the21 bioavailability of these metals in the gastrointestinal tract by using an in vitro simulated22 digestion system.23 One-gram dried mycelium grown in the presence of 50 mg kg-1 Cu or Zn showed a24 bioavailability of 19 % Cu and 2 % Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When25 fruitbodies&nbsp;production were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.-1) were selected for evaluation of the21 bioavailability of these metals in the gastrointestinal tract by using an in vitro simulated22 digestion system.23 One-gram dried mycelium grown in the presence of 50 mg kg-1 Cu or Zn showed a24 bioavailability of 19 % Cu and 2 % Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When25 fruitbodies&nbsp;production were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.in vitro simulated22 digestion system.23 One-gram dried mycelium grown in the presence of 50 mg kg-1 Cu or Zn showed a24 bioavailability of 19 % Cu and 2 % Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When25 fruitbodies&nbsp;production were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.-1 Cu or Zn showed a24 bioavailability of 19 % Cu and 2 % Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When25 fruitbodies&nbsp;production were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated. were evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23 %) was reached26 when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg kg-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.-1 Cu. Cu and Zn content obtained either27 before or after fruitbodies digestion from all metal enriched treatments was substantially28 lower than those from metal enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5 %29 of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI30 values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.. The potential incorporation of these31 mineral-enriched mycelia\/fruitbodies in capsules, infusions and dietary supplements is32 evaluated.","palabras_clave":"sd"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112493,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nucleolar Localization of RNA Binding Proteins Induced by Actinomycin D and Heat Shock in Trypanosoma cruzi","resumen":"In this work we show that under Actinomycin D (ActD) treatment, several  RNA Binding Proteins (RBPs) involved in mRNA metabolism are relocalized into the  nucleolus in Trypanosoma cruzi as a  specific stress response. ATP depletion as well as kinase inhibition markedly  reduced the nucleolar localization response, suggesting that an  energy-dependent transport modulated by the phosphorylation status of the parasite  might be required. Deletion analyses in one of such proteins, TcSR62, showed  that a domain bearing basic amino acids located in the COOH terminal region was  sufficient to promote its nucleolar relocalization. Interestingly, we showed  that in addition to RBPs, poly(A)+ RNA is also accumulated into the nucleolus  in response to ActD treatment. Finally, we found out that nucleolar  relocalization of RBPs is also triggered by severe heat shock in a reversible  way. Together, these results suggest that the  nucleolus of an early divergent eukaryote is either able to sequester key  factors related to mRNA metabolism in response to transcriptional stress or  behaves as a RBP processing center, arguing in favour to the hypothesis that  the non-traditional features of the nucleolus could be acquired early during  evolution.  ","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma cruzi|Nucleolus|RNA binding proteins|Poly(A)+ RNA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112494,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nucleolar Accumulation of RNA Binding Proteins Induced by ActinomycinD Is Functional in Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania mexicana but Not in T. brucei","resumen":"We have recently shown in T. cruzi that a group of RNA Binding Proteins (RBPs), involved in mRNA metabolism, are accumulated into the nucleolus in response to Actinomycin D (ActD) treatment. In this work, we have extended our analysis to other members of the trypanosomatid lineage. In agreement with our previous study, the mechanism seems to be conserved in L. mexicana, since both endogenous RBPs and a transgenic RBP were relocalized to the nucleolus in parasites exposed to ActD. In contrast, in T. brucei, neither endogenous RBPs (TbRRM1 and TbPABP2) nor a transgenic RBP from T. cruzi were accumulated into the nucleolus under such treatment. Interestingly, when a transgenic TbRRM1was expressed in T. cruzi and the parasites exposed to ActD, TbRRM1 relocated to the nucleolus, suggesting that it contains the necessary sequence elements to be targeted to the nucleolus. Together, both experiments demonstrate that the mechanism behind nucleolar localization of RBPs, which is present in T. cruzi and L. mexicana, is not functional in T. brucei, suggesting that it has been lost or retained differentially during the evolution of the trypanosomatid lineage.","palabras_clave":"TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI|NUCLEOLUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112495,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La docencia y la enseñanza de las Ciencias: análisis de las representaciones de profesores","resumen":"En este artículo  describimos una experiencia realizada con docentes de Ciencias Naturales, que  se desempeñan en diferentes escuelas de Educación Secundaria, con el objetivo  de identificar sus representaciones sociales (RS) sobre la docencia y la  enseñanza de las Ciencias. Trabajamos con una técnica de evocación y  jerarquización que nos permitió identificar el contenido y la estructura de las  RS y otra técnica basada en la producción de dibujos y soportes gráficos con la  que accedimos al contenido de las representaciones. Los resultados alcanzados muestran  la necesidad de implementar acciones que contribuyan al proceso de formación  continua de los profesores, en lo que actualmente estamos trabajando a fin de  generar cambios que favorezcan el aprendizaje de las Ciencias.","palabras_clave":"REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES|PSICOLOGÍA SOCIAL|PROFESIONALES DE LA EDUCACIÓN|CIENCIAS NATURALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112496,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Saberes del docente y representaciones sociales: implicancias para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales","resumen":"  Resumen: En este artículo presentamos un análisis comparativo de tres estudios realizados con docentes de distintos niveles educativos de la provincia de San Juan (Argentina) y en los que, a través de técnicas de evocación y jerarquización de palabras, identificamos la estructura de sus representaciones sociales sobre distintos aspectos vinculados a la enseñanza y al aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales. Para analizar las estructuras e identificar los elementos comunes que atraviesan estos estudios, consideramos la clasificación de saberes del docente de Braslavsky y Birgin (sustantivo, pedagógico e institucional). Los resultados obtenidos nos han permitido acceder a información importante acerca de los significados compartidos por este grupo profesional. Así, la similitud entre las estructuras de los distintos grupos nos muestra que existe una representación que permite describir lo que son y lo que hacen los docentes, correspondiéndose con los postulados educativos tradicionales, marcando las diferencias con otros grupos y otras actividades profesionales. Las categorías que se presentan de modo constante, más allá de las temáticas planteadas en cada caso particular, se vinculan con el hecho de 'educar', es decir, formar sujetos escolarizados para el mundo social en el cual se está inserto. De esta manera, podemos pensar que aunque las demandas sociales ejercen una fuerte presión sobre los docentes e intentan desviarlos en su desempeño profesional hacia otras funciones (asistenciales, sanitarias o de contención social), éstas no constituyen la esencia de la función social que ellos se auto-atribuyen y pretenden conservar a lo largo del tiempo. En este artículo presentamos un análisis comparativo de tres estudios realizados con docentes de distintos niveles educativos de la provincia de San Juan (Argentina) y en los que, a través de técnicas de evocación y jerarquización de palabras, identificamos la estructura de sus representaciones sociales sobre distintos aspectos vinculados a la enseñanza y al aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales. Para analizar las estructuras e identificar los elementos comunes que atraviesan estos estudios, consideramos la clasificación de saberes del docente de Braslavsky y Birgin (sustantivo, pedagógico e institucional). Los resultados obtenidos nos han permitido acceder a información importante acerca de los significados compartidos por este grupo profesional. Así, la similitud entre las estructuras de los distintos grupos nos muestra que existe una representación que permite describir lo que son y lo que hacen los docentes, correspondiéndose con los postulados educativos tradicionales, marcando las diferencias con otros grupos y otras actividades profesionales. Las categorías que se presentan de modo constante, más allá de las temáticas planteadas en cada caso particular, se vinculan con el hecho de 'educar', es decir, formar sujetos escolarizados para el mundo social en el cual se está inserto. De esta manera, podemos pensar que aunque las demandas sociales ejercen una fuerte presión sobre los docentes e intentan desviarlos en su desempeño profesional hacia otras funciones (asistenciales, sanitarias o de contención social), éstas no constituyen la esencia de la función social que ellos se auto-atribuyen y pretenden conservar a lo largo del tiempo. En este artículo presentamos un análisis comparativo de tres estudios realizados con docentes de distintos niveles educativos de la provincia de San Juan (Argentina) y en los que, a través de técnicas de evocación y jerarquización de palabras, identificamos la estructura de sus representaciones sociales sobre distintos aspectos vinculados a la enseñanza y al aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales. Para analizar las estructuras e identificar los elementos comunes que atraviesan estos estudios, consideramos la clasificación de saberes del docente de Braslavsky y Birgin (sustantivo, pedagógico e institucional). Los resultados obtenidos nos han permitido acceder a información importante acerca de los significados compartidos por este grupo profesional. Así, la similitud entre las estructuras de los distintos grupos nos muestra que existe una representación que permite describir lo que son y lo que hacen los docentes, correspondiéndose con los postulados educativos tradicionales, marcando las diferencias con otros grupos y otras actividades profesionales. Las categorías que se presentan de modo constante, más allá de las temáticas planteadas en cada caso particular, se vinculan con el hecho de 'educar', es decir, formar sujetos escolarizados para el mundo social en el cual se está inserto. De esta manera, podemos pensar que aunque las demandas sociales ejercen una fuerte presión sobre los docentes e intentan desviarlos en su desempeño profesional hacia otras funciones (asistenciales, sanitarias o de contención social), éstas no constituyen la esencia de la función social que ellos se auto-atribuyen y pretenden conservar a lo largo del tiempo. ","palabras_clave":"SABERES DOCENTES|REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES|CIENCIAS NATURALES|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112497,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Temperature dependence on free volume in cured natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber blends","resumen":"A systematic study on the evolution of free volume as a function of the temperature in vulcanized at 433 K natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) in 25-75, 50-50, 75-25 NR-SBR (percent content of pure NR and SBR, respectively) blends was studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. All samples were prepared with sulfur and TBBS (n-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide) as accelerator. The glass transition temperatures of the samples studied were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and from lifetime data. In general, a sigmoidal-like complex behavior of the long-lived lifetime component, linked to the nanohole free volume, as a function of the temperature was found. For SBR, the slope of the ortho-positronium lifetime against temperature curves could be well-fitted using a linear function. For blends and also for NR, two different linear functions were necessary. This last behavior is explained in terms of the supercooled process involving a reconfiguration of the elastomeric chains. In the case of blends, the state of cure of NR and SBR in each NR-SBR sample was also taken into account in the discussion of the results obtained. Besides, thermal expansion coefficients of the free volumes in the transition and glassy region of all compounds were estimated. The differencesobserved in the values of this parameter are discussed by taking into account the morphology and formulation of each blend, the crosslink densities, and the role of the interphases formed between both NR and SBR elastomers.","palabras_clave":"Mezclas|Positrones|Caucho natural|SBR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112498,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biological differences between two allopatric populations of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) in Argentina","resumen":"The fertility of hybrids from two distinct populations of Amblyomma cajennensefrom different ecological regions of Northern Argentina was analyzed. Two coloniesof A. cajennense from El Rey National Park (RNP), Salta Province (248410S, 648360W),and Copo National Park (CNP), Santiago del Estero Province (258550S, 618430W) wereestablished infesting rabbits with adults collected from vegetation. Reproductive parametersof the first generation in laboratory of each colony and their crosses were evaluatedconsidering engorged weight of females, engorged period of females, pre-ovipositionperiod of females, minimum egg incubation period, reproductive efficiency index[REI = number of eggs laid\/weight of the females in mg], and fertility efficiency index[FEI = number of hatched larvae\/weight of the females in mg]. Infestations were made asfollows: Group 1) RNP males and females; Group 2) CNP males and females; Group 3)males from CNP and females from RNP; Group 4) males from RNP and females fromCNP. The engorgement weight of the females from CNP that mated with males from RNPwas significantly lighter than those of the engorged females obtained in the other 3 crosses,and the engorged period of the females from CNP that mated with males from RNP wassignificantly longer that the engorged period of the females belonging to the remaininggroups. The females from group 3 and 4 had a FEI extremely low in comparison with theFEI obtained from the engorged females originated from the groups 1 and 2. Biologicalimplication of these findings is discussed.","palabras_clave":"Amblyomma cajennense|Allopatric populations|Cross-mating|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112499,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Developmental changes in salivary glands of nymphs and adults of the spinose ear tick Otobius megnini","resumen":"Otobius megnini has an autogenous 1 host life cycle, where larvae and nymphs stay attached inside the ear canal for long periods, but the adult tick is free living and can lay several egg batches without feeding.In order to obtain information about anatomical structures involved inthis particular life cycle, nymphs and adults of O. megnini were issectedand salivary gland images were obtained in situ with the use of scanningelectronic microscopy. Measurements of salivary alveoli were obtainedwith the use of ImageJ 1.40g software. In the nymphs, the Type I alveoliare relatively small (mean diameter: 19.6 mm) compared with those of theadults (mean: 43.4 mm) and other soft ticks in the literature. Type II alveoli in nymphs are similar (mean: 82.6 mm) to previously described alveoli in adult soft ticks. In contrast, the adults of O. megnini Type II alveoli are smaller (mean: 36.8 mm) and have a wrinkled surface. These findings provide more evidence that Type I alveoli take part in absorption of moisture during the free-living tick stages.","palabras_clave":"OTOBIUS MEGNINI|SALIVARY GLAND|ARGASIDAE|TICK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112500,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal dynamics and hosts of Amblyomma triste (Acari: Ixodidae) in Argentina","resumen":"The seasonal dynamics and host usage of Amblyomma triste in Argentina were analyzed.Adults of A. triste were present from early winter to mid-summer, with the peak of abundancefrom late winter to mid-spring (August to October). Larvae and nymphs were foundfrom December to June, with the peak of abundance in summer. There were no differencesamong the biological parameters (pre-moult period of larvae and nymphs, pre-ovipositionperiod of females, and minimum incubation period of eggs) of engorged ticks exposed todifferent photoperiod regimens at the laboratory, but the periods for each biological parameterobtained from ticks exposed in the field were significantly longer than those fromthe laboratory. Field results fit better with the data of seasonal distribution of each stage.Morphogenetic diapause was not detected, but complementary studies should test thepresence of behavioral diapause. Rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae (Akodon azarae,Oligoryzomys flavescens, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Oxymycterus rufus and Scapteromys aquaticus)are the principal hosts for immature stages of A. triste, the caviid Cavia aperea couldbe another potential host for these stages, and birds are exceptional hosts for larvae andnymphs. Regarding hosts of adults in Argentina, domestic and wild large-sized mammalsbelonging to different orders (cattle, dog, horse, Blastocerus dichotomus and Hydrochoerushydrochaeris) serve as hosts for adults of this tick species. In conclusion, A. triste has alife cycle of 1 year with adults feeding on large endemic and introduced mammals andimmature stages using sigmodontine and caviid rodents as hosts.","palabras_clave":"Amblyomma triste|Ecology|Hosts|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112501,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relapsing fever Borrelia in Ornithodoros ticks from Bolivia","resumen":"Ver artículo en PDF","palabras_clave":"Relapsing fever|Borrelia|Ornithodoros ticks|Bolivia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112502,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationships of South American marsupials (Didelphimorphia, Microbiotheria and Paucituberculata) and hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) with distribution of four species of Ixodes","resumen":"EN PDF","palabras_clave":"SOUTH AMERICAN MARSUPIALS|HOSTS|TICKS|IXODIDAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112503,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Distribution and 16S rDNA sequences of Argas monachus (Acari: Argasidae), a soft tick parasite of Myiopsitta monachus (Aves: Psittacidae)","resumen":"Specimens of Argas monachus Keirans et al. were collected from Myiopsittamonachus nests in 42 localities in Argentina and Paraguay from 2006 to 2010. A list oflocalities where this tick has been found is presented. 16S rDNA sequences of specimensof A. monachus from different localities were compared to confirm whether they belong tothe same specific taxon. Argas monachus is present in the phytogeographic provinces ofChaco, Espinal, and Monte, but not in the Pampa (all from de Chaco Domain) where thehost is well distributed. No differences were found among 16S rDNA sequences of geographicallydistant specimens.","palabras_clave":"Argas monachus|Myiopsitta monachus|Ticks|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112504,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de una colección de garrapatas (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) del norte argentino","resumen":"EN PDF","palabras_clave":"ARGASIDAE|IXODIDAE|HOSPEDADORES|NORTE ARGENTINO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112505,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aptitud agroclimática del valle inferior del Río Negro para los cultivos de avellano y nogal","resumen":"Los cultivos de nogal (Juglans regia L.) y avellano (Corylus avellana L.) han tenido una expansiónterritorial muy importante en los últimos años en Argentina. En este proceso la Norpatagonia se haincorporado como significativa área de producción. El valle inferior del río Negro (40º48\u2019 L.S. y 63º05\u2019L.W.) es la única zona productora de avellano en el país y, junto con el nogal, transformaron a laproducción de frutas secas en la actividad frutícola local y regional de mayor crecimiento en el últimodecenio. En este trabajo se registró la fenología de tres variedades de nogal introducidas en la región,una de tipo \u201Ccaliforniana\u201D-\u2018Chandler\u2019-, otra \u201Cfrancesa\u201D-\u2018Franquette\u2019-, una variedad \u201Ccriollaseleccionada\u201D-\u2018T-171\u2019 o \u2018Ivarto\u2019- y dos variedades de avellano, a \u201Citaliana\u201D-\u2018Tonda Di Giffoni\u2019- y otra\u201Cfrancesa\u201D-\u2018Fertile de Coutard\u2019-. Los datos fenológicos se relacionaron con las disponibilidadesclimáticas locales para definir indicadores que permitan una primera aproximación a lacaracterización de diferentes \u201Ctipos bioclimáticos\u201D. Se evaluó la satisfacción de necesidades deenfriamiento invernal, riesgo de daño por heladas tardías y disponibilidades calórico-térmicas desdepre brotación con relación a la fenología varietal. Los resultados indican que el régimen agroclimáticopermite la producción de nogal y avellano en esta región, pero su aptitud agroclimática varíasensiblemente según la variedad considerada. La variedad \u2018Chandler\u2019 presenta limitaciones deconsideración al requerir menores necesidades calóricas y de frío invernal en pre brotación. Estoconlleva a una mayor precocidad asociada con mayor riesgo de ocurrencia de daño por heladastardías. Por el contrario la variedad \u2018Franquette\u2019 y su polinizadora \u2018T-171\u2019 ó \u2018Ivarto\u2019 muestranrequerimientos bioclimáticos compatibles con su máxima expresión productiva. La variedad deavellano \u2018Fertile de Coutard\u2019 presenta mayor aptitud que \u2018Tonda di Giffoni\u2019 debido a que expresa mástardíamente los estados fenológicos más sensibles a las heladas tardías primaverales.","palabras_clave":"NOGAL|AVELLANO|VARIEDADES|HELADAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112506,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El proceso contemporáneo de investigación en actividad física y salud: de la epidemiología a la interdisciplina","resumen":"El proceso contemporáneo de investigación en actividad física y salud se inicia con los estudios epidemiológicos sobre enfermedad cardiovascular a mediados del siglo XX. Las evidencias acumuladas en las décadas subsiguientes, junto con la proliferación de un estilo de vida sedentario, hicieron acrecentar el interés por su estudio en otras disciplinas. Las corrientes investigativas actuales se preocupan por la reincorporación de la actividad física en los diferentes dominios de la vida cotidiana, lo cual implica necesariamente que los profesionales de la actividad física interactúen con especialistas de otras áreas para resolver los problemas. En este artículo se mencionan los momentos más significativos de estos sesenta años de evolución de la investigación en actividad física y salud. Además se destaca la importancia del estudio de los dominios en los cuales la actividad física se realiza y la necesidad de interdisciplina que implica intervenir en cada uno de ellos.","palabras_clave":"estilo de vida|enfermedad cardiovascular|metodología|dominios"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112507,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Conducta sedentaria y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios: un estudio piloto","resumen":"La efectividad de la actividad física como estrategia de prevención primaria y secundaria de diversos trastornos crónicos ha sido bien documentada. Recientemente se introdujo otro factor, la conducta sedentaria, que se asocia con dichos trastornos y que parece actuar de  manera independiente del nivel de actividad física. La conducta sedentaria hace referencia a actividades que no incrementan sustancialmente el gasto energético por encima del nivel de reposo. Niveles altos de conducta sedentaria se asocian con el padecimiento de obesidad, síndrome metabólico y mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular y por toda causa, con independencia del nivel de actividad física que se realice. Con el objetivo de analizar la conducta sedentaria en una población universitaria local, en un grupo de estudiantes de la Universidad de Flores (n = 425) se estudió el nivel de conductas sedentarias y de actividad física mediante el cuestionario GPAQ con la técnica de autorreferencia. Se halló que la conducta sedentaria es una variable de comportamiento heterogéneo. Las mujeres refirieron más conductas sedentarias que los varones, aunque las diferencias no fueron significativas. El 16% de los estudiantes tenían niveles altos de conductas sedentarias y niveles bajos de actividad física simultáneamente, lo que les aumenta el riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas. Se necesitan sondeos de conducta sedentaria durante la actividad laboral, de transporte y de ocio en la población general.","palabras_clave":"estilo de vida sedentario|actividad física|enfermedad crónica|mortalidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112508,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Socioeconomic Gradients in Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Middle-Income Countries: evidence of effect modification by urbanicity in Argentina.","resumen":"Objectives. We investigated associations of socioeconomic position (SEP) with chronic disease risk factors, and heterogeneity in this patterning by provincial-level urbanicity in Argentina.     Methods. We used generalized estimating equations to determine the relationship between SEP and body mass index, high blood pressure, diabetes, low physical activity, and eating fruit and vegetables, and examined heterogeneity by urbanicity with nationally representative, cross-sectional survey data from 2005. All estimates were age adjusted and gender stratified.     Results. Among men living in less urban areas, higher education was either not associated with the risk factors or associated adversely. In more urban areas, higher education was associated with better risk factor profiles (P<.05 for 4 of 5 risk factors). Among women, higher education was associated with better risk factor profiles in all areas and more strongly in more urban than in less urban areas (P<0.05 for 3 risk factors). Diet (in men) and physical activity (in men and women) were exceptions to this trend.     Conclusions. These results provide evidence for the increased burden of chronic disease risk among those of lower SEP, especially in urban areas","palabras_clave":"NUTRITION TRANSITION|NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES| EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION|CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112509,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Referencias poblacionales argentinas de peso al nacer según multiplicidad del parto, sexo y edad gestacional","resumen":"OBJETIVO: Desarrollar referencias nuevas y mejoradas de peso al nacer según la edad gestacional (EG), el sexo y la multiplicidad del parto, para la población argentina en su conjunto.   MÉTODOS: La población de estudio incluyó a todos los nacidos vivos de partos simples (n=            3478286) y dobles (n = 57 654) en Argentina durante el período 2003\u20132007. Los probables errores en la clasificación de la EG basada en la fecha de la última menstruación fueron corregidos con el uso de modelos de distribuciones normales mixtas. Los percentiles se obtuvieron mediante la regresión de cuantiles, que además posibilitó el suavizamiento de las curvas.   RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron curvas de peso al nacer para partos simples entre las semanas 22 y 43 de gestación y para partos dobles entre las semanas 24 y 41, según el sexo del neonato. Comparadas con estudios previos, estas referencias no sobreestiman la proporción de nacidos vivos grandes para su EG. Se observó también un aumento del peso al nacer a lo largo del período de estudio.   CONCLUSIONES: Las curvas propuestas tienen las ventajas de basarse en grandes números, de ser representativas de los nacimientos argentinos más recientes, de distinguir el tipo de parto y el sexo de los neonatos, y de minimizar los errores de clasificación de la EG. Constituyen por lo tanto una herramienta útil para medir desigualdades y así identificar grupos poblacionales con mayor riesgo de eventos perinatales adversos.","palabras_clave":"PESO AL NACER|EDAD GESTACIONAL|EMBARAZO MULTIPLE|RECIEN NACIDO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112510,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Juan César García y el movimiento latinoamericano de medicina social: notas sobre una trayectoria de vida","resumen":"Este artículo analiza la trayectoria de Juan César García, uno de los referentes del movimiento latinoamericano de medicina social. La pregunta que desencadenó este trabajo buscó indagar el momento y las circunstancias en que García incorporó para sí la matriz del marxismo para pensar los problemas de salud. De esta manera, siguiendo los lineamientos metodológicos propuestos por Pierre Bourdieu, utilizamos la noción de 'trayectoria de vida' para reconstruir un recorrido vital que se bifurca en varias rutas: de su Necochea natal a la ciudad de La Plata, desde allí hasta Santiago de Chile y, finalmente, sus innumerables viajes desde Washington hacia gran parte de América Latina. Para ello, realizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas con informantes clave: familiares, amigos y colegas de Argentina, Brasil, Ecuador y Cuba. Asimismo, analizamos los títulos de su biblioteca personal, donada a la fundación internacional que lleva su nombre, y documentos de distintos archivos particulares.","palabras_clave":"HISTORIA|MEDICINA SOCIAL|SALUD PÚBLICA|CIENCIAS SOCIALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112511,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Brass corrosion in tap water distribution systems inhibited by phosphate ions","resumen":"      The effect of sodium orthophosphate on the protective characteristics of the surface layers are studied on      brass in contact with moderately hard, highly carbonated and chloride rich simulated drinkable water.      The optimal inhibitor concentration is evaluated from the composition, thickness and pitting resistance      of the surface film. This layer is mainly composed by zinc(II) oxide\u2013hydroxide and cuprous oxide. By adding      PO4      3, the film quality improves, attributed to the incorporation of CuO or Zn(II) compounds. The      changes are evident with 5 mg l1 P, and between 10 and 20 mg l1 P no significant differences are      observed.4      3, the film quality improves, attributed to the incorporation of CuO or Zn(II) compounds. The      changes are evident with 5 mg l1 P, and between 10 and 20 mg l1 P no significant differences are      observed., the film quality improves, attributed to the incorporation of CuO or Zn(II) compounds. The      changes are evident with 5 mg l1 P, and between 10 and 20 mg l1 P no significant differences are      observed.1 P, and between 10 and 20 mg l1 P no significant differences are      observed.","palabras_clave":"brass|cyclic voltammetry|Pitting corrosion|Passivity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112512,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"GEOREFERENCED SPECTRAL MAPS AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR ACTION PLANNING ON ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE MITIGATION","resumen":"Exposure-response relationships have been widely studied using A weighted equivalent  sound pressure level (Leq,A) measured outside building environments in contrast with field surveys. On  one hand low frequencies are minimized by A-weighted filter network. On the other hand low  frequencies are predominant even inside buildings for some of the most salient sources in many cities  (i.e. road traffic). These relationships do not consider that people spend a large part of their time inside  building environments.  The spread of the exposure-response relationships can, presumably, be reduced by relating people  response to the noise spectrum levels inside building environments instead of the outdoors Leq,A.  Outdoors spectral maps can be georeferenced using geographical information systems. Then the  indoors spectrum for each building can be estimated if the georeferenced data of façades and interiors  properties were available. Furthermore city planners can use the outdoors spectral maps to estimate the  adequate sound insulation of façades for new projects.  In this article a georeferenced spectral map of a part of the city of Rosario, Argentina is developed  using inexpensive resources and some interesting tools for this purpose are presented using technical  computing software. Different forms of presenting the data are analyzed in relation to the requirements  of different agents, public, city planners, Geographical Information Systems users, etc.","palabras_clave":"MAPAS|ESPECTRALES|RUIDO|PLANEAMIENTO|GEOREFERENCIADOS|GPS|MAPS|NOISE|SPECTRAL|ENVIRONMENTAL|SOUNDSCAPE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112513,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"State and sexual politics in Latin America: the challenges of breaking through","resumen":"El artículo retoma los textos y comentarios críticos recibidos en un texto anterior (publicado en Brasil), de autores\/as de varios países,&nbsp;sobre los aspectos políticos, económicos, religiosos y científicos en torno a las políticas sexuales en América Latina. (Nota: la revista publica el abstract).","palabras_clave":"Política|Sexualidad|América Latina|Género"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112514,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Water deficit and exogenous ABA significantly affect grape and wine phenolic composition under in field and in-vitro conditions","resumen":"Abstract Phenolic compounds are components responsibleof the sensorial characteristics of red wine. Indeed,they present important properties for human health. In thepresent work, the effects of combined in field treatments(water-stress and exogenous ABA) on phenolic accumulationwere evaluated for berries and wine. The responseswere assessed by UV\u2013Vis and CZE. A differential phenolicregulation was observed under the same conditions andgood correlations were achieved for grape and wine. ABAappears to regulate the content of each phenols under studydepending on plant water-status. Although the effects ofwater-stress and exogenous ABA were similar in magnitude,our results support evidence suggesting that bothaffect different metabolic pathways. ABA supply increasedcatechin and malvidin synthesis for both water statuseswhile the resveratrol was enhanced only for water-stress.Indeed, ABA reduced the quercetin content for both waterstatuses. In vitro assays were carried out to estimate theeffects of combined treatments (temperature-exogenousABA) on anthocyanin accumulation in berries and pulp.These tests demonstrated that the effect of ABA wasdependent on the hormonal level (207% for 0.5 g L-1 and307% for 1 g L-1 of ABA). Effect of temperature variedaccording to the phenological state. In pulps, we detectedan increase of anthocyanin after ABA treatments.","palabras_clave":"Phenolic composition|Grapevines|Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon|Capillary zone electrophoresis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112515,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prestin and the cholinergic receptor of hair cells: positively selected proteins in mammals","resumen":"The hair cells of the vertebrate inner ear posses an active mechanical process to amplify their inputs. The stereocilia bundle of various vertebrate animals can produce active movements. Though standard stereocilia-based mechanisms to promote amplification persist in mammals, an additional radically different mechanism evolved: the so called somatic electromotility which refers to the elongation\/contraction of the outer hair cells? (OHC) cylindrical cell body in response to membrane voltage changes. Somatic electromotility in OHCs, as the basis for cochlear amplification, is a mammalian novelty and it is largely dependent upon the properties of the unique motor protein prestin, which is densely packed in the OHC?s lateral wall. We review recent literature which has demonstrated that although the gene encoding prestin is present in all vertebrate species, mammalian prestin has been under positive selective pressure to acquire motor properties, probably rendering it fit to serve somatic motility in outer hair cells. Moreover, we discuss data which indicates that a modified a10 nicotinic cholinergic subunit has coevolved in mammals most likely to give the auditory feedback system the capability to control somatic electromotility.","palabras_clave":"prestin|electromotility|alpha9alpha10 nicotinic receptor|ligand-gated ion channel"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112516,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"' Short term synaptic plasticity regulates the level of olivocochlear inhibition to auditory hair cells","resumen":"In the mammalian inner ear, the gain control of auditory inputs is exerted by medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons that innervate cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs). OHCs mechanically amplify the incoming sound waves by virtue of their electromotile properties while the MOC system reduces the gain of auditory inputs by inhibiting OHCs function. How this process is orchestrated at the synaptic level remains unknown. In the present study, MOC firing was evoked by electrical stimulation in an isolated mouse cochlear preparation, while OHCs postsynaptic responses were monitored by whole-cell recordings. These recordings confirmed that electrically evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (eIPSCs) are mediated solely by alfa9alfa10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) functionally coupled to calcium-activated SK2 channels. Synaptic release occurred with low probability when MOC-OHC synapses were stimulated at 1Hz.  However, as the stimulation frequency was raised, the reliability of release increased due to presynaptic facilitation. Also, the relatively slow decay of eIPSCs gave rise to temporal summation at stimulation frequencies above 10 Hz.  The combined effect of facilitation and summation resulted in a frequency-dependent increase in the average amplitude of inhibitory currents in OHCs. Thus, we have demonstrated that short-term plasticity at the MOC-OHC synapse is responsible for shaping cochlear responses to MOC activity and, therefore, encodes the transfer function from efferent firing frequency to the gain of the cochlear amplifier.","palabras_clave":"coclea|olivococlear|celulas ciliadas externas|plasticidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112517,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Peculiar Heme Pocket of the 2\/2 Hemoglobin of Cold Adapted Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125","resumen":"Abstract The genome of the cold-adapted bacteriumPseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125 contains multi-ple genes encoding three distinct monomeric hemoglobinsexhibiting a 2\/2 a-helical fold. In the present work, one ofthese hemoglobins is studied by resonance Raman, elec-tronic absorption and electronic paramagnetic resonancespectroscopies, kinetic measurements, and different bioin-formatic approaches. It is the &#64257;rst cold-adapted bacterialhemoglobin to be characterized. The results indicate thatthis protein belongs to the 2\/2 hemoglobin family, GroupII, characterized by the presence of a tryptophanyl residueon the bottom of the heme distal pocket in position G8 andtwo tyrosyl residues (TyrCD1 and TyrB10). However,unlike other bacterial hemoglobins, the ferric state, inaddition to the aquo hexacoordinated high-spin form,shows multiple hexacoordinated low-spin forms, whereeither TyrCD1 or TyrB10 can likely coordinate the iron.This is the &#64257;rst example in which both TyrCD1 andTyrB10 are proposed to be the residues that are alterna-tively involved in heme hexacoordination by endogenousligands.","palabras_clave":"Haloplalnktis|hemoglobin|molecular dynamics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112518,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ligand migration in the apolar tunnel of cerebratulus lacteus mini-hemoglobin","resumen":"The large apolar tunnel traversing the mini-hemoglobin from Cerebratulus lacteus (CerHb) hasbeen examined by X-ray crystallography, ligandbinding kinetics, and molecular dynamicsimulations. The addition of 10 atm of Xe causesloss of diffraction in wild-type (wt) CerHbO2crystals, but Leu86(G12)Ala CerHbO2, which hasan increased tunnel volume, stably accommodatestwo discrete Xe atoms: one adjacent to Leu86(G12)and another near Ala55(E18). Molecular dynamicssimulations of ligand migration in wt CerHb showa low energy pathway through the apolar tunnelwhen Leu or Ala, but not Phe or Trp, is present atthe 86(G12) position. Addition of 10-15 atm of Xeto solutions of wt CerHbCO and L86A CerHbCOcauses 2 to 3-fold increases in the fraction ofgeminate ligand recombination indicating that thebound Xe blocks CO escape. This idea wasconfirmed by L86F and L86W mutations, whichcause even larger increases in the fraction ofgeminate CO rebinding, 2 to 5-fold decreases in thebimolecular rate constants for ligand entry, andlarge increases in the computed energy barriers forligand movement through the apolar tunnel. Boththe addition of Xe to the L86A mutant andoxidation of wt CerHb heme iron cause theappearance of an out Gln44(E7) conformer, inwhich the amide side chain points out toward thesolvent and appears to lower the barrier for ligandescape through the E7 gate. However, the observedkinetics suggest little entry and escape (! 25%)through the E7 pathway, presumably because thein Gln44(E7) conformer is thermodynamicallyfavored.","palabras_clave":"cerebratulus lacteus|hemoglobin|x-ray|molecular dynamics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112519,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Exploring the molecular basis of human manganese superoxide dismutase inactivation mediated by tyrosine 34 nitration","resumen":"Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that protects organisms against oxidative damage, dismutating superoxide radical () into H2O2 and O2. The active site of the protein presents a Mn ion in a distorted trigonal\u2013bipyramidal environment, coordinated by H26, H74, H163, D159 and one &#8722;OH ion or H2O molecule. The catalytic cycle of the enzyme is a \u201Cping-pong\u201D mechanism involving Mn3+\/Mn2+. It is known that nitration of Y34 is responsible for enzyme inactivation, and that this protein oxidative modification is found in tissues undergoing inflammatory and degenerative processes. However, the molecular basis about MnSOD tyrosine nitration affects the protein catalytic function is mostly unknown.In this work we strongly suggest, using computer simulation tools, that Y34 nitration affects protein function by restricting ligand access to the active site. In particular, deprotonation of 3-nitrotyrosine increases drastically the energetic barrier for ligand entry due to the absence of the proton.Our results for the WT and selected mutant proteins confirm that the phenolic moiety of Y34 plays a key role in assisting superoxide migration.","palabras_clave":"MnSOD|Tyrosine nitration|MSMD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112520,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural basis for ligand recognition in a mushroom lectin: Solvent structure as specificity predictor","resumen":"Lectins are able to recognize specific carbohydrate structures through their carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). The lectin from the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (ABL) has the remarkable ability of selectively recognizing the TF-antigen, composed of Gal&#946;1-3GalNAc, Ser\/Thrlinked to proteins, specifically exposed in neoplastic tissues.Strikingly, the recently solved crystal structure of tetrameric ABL inthe presence of TF-antigen andother carbohydrates showed that each monomer has two CRDs, each beingable to bind specifically to different monosaccharides that differ onlyin the configuration of a single hydroxyl, like N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (GalNAc) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc). Understanding how lectinCRDs bind and discriminate mono and\/or (poly)-saccharides is animportant issue in glycobiology, with potential impact in the design ofbetter and selective lectininhibitors with potential therapeutic properties. In this work, andbased on the unusual monosaccharide epimeric specificity of the ABLCRDs, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations of the natural(crystallographic) and inverted (changing GalNAc for GlcNAcand vice-versa) ABL\u2013monosaccharide complexes in order to understand theselective ligand recognition properties of each CRD. We also performeda detailed analysis of the CRD local solvent structure, usingpreviously developed methodology, and related it with the recognitionmechanism. Our results provide a detailed picture of each ABL CRDspecificity, allowing a better understanding of the carbohydrateselective recognition process in this particular lectin.","palabras_clave":"Lectin|Molecular dynamics|solvent structure|selectivity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112521,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Protonation of histidine 55 affects the oxygen access to heme in the alpha chain of the hemoglobin from the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii","resumen":"The Root effect describes the drastic drop of oxygen affinity and loss of cooperativity at acidic pH expressed in the hemoglobins (Hb) of certain fish. The comparison between the deoxy structures of the Root effect Hb from the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii (HbTb) at different pHs (pH = 6.2 and pH = 8.4) shows that the most significant differences are localized at the CD&#945; region, where a salt bridge between Asp48 and His55 breaks during the low-to-high pH transition. In order to shed light on the relationship between pH, CD&#945; loop structure and dynamics, and oxygen access to the active site in the alpha chain of HbTb, different computer simulation techniques were performed. Our results highlight the importance of the protonation of His55 in regulating oxygen access, underscoring its pivotal role in the structural and functional properties of HbTb. These data provide further support to the hypothesis that this residue might contribute to the release of Root protons in HbTb and underline the fact that an efficient transport of molecular oxygen in Hbs relies on a subtle balance of tertiary structure and protein conformational flexibility","palabras_clave":"Trematomus bernacchi|implicit ligand sampling|molecular dynamics simulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112522,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aromatic-aromatic interactions in proteins: beyond the dimer","resumen":"ABSTRACT: Aromatic residues are key widespread elements of protein structures and have beenshown to be important for structure stability, folding, proteinÀprotein recognition, and ligand binding.The interactions of pairs of aromatic residues (aromatic dimers) have been extensively studied inprotein structures. Isolated aromatic molecules tend to form higher order clusters, like trimers,tetramers, and pentamers, that adopt particular well-de&#64257;ned structures. Taking this into account, wehave surveyed protein structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank in order to &#64257;nd clusters ofaromatic residues in proteins larger than dimers and characterized them. Our results show that largerclusters are found in one of every two unique proteins crystallized so far, that the clusters are builtadopting the same trimer motifs found for benzene clusters in vacuum, and that they are clearlynonlocal brining primary structure distant sites together. We extensively analyze the trimers andtetramers conformations and found two main cluster types: a symmetric cluster and an extendedladder. Finally, using calmodulin as a test case, we show aromatic clsuters possible role in folding andproteinÀprotein interactions. All together, our study highlights the relevance of aromatic clustersbeyond the dimer in protein function, stability, and ligand recognition.","palabras_clave":"computer simulation|bioinformatics|aromatic interaction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112523,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An integrated computational analysis of the structure, dynamics and ligand binding interactions of the human galectin network.","resumen":"ABSTRACT: Galectins, a family of evolutionarily conserved animal lectins, have been shown to modulate signaling processesc leading to inflammation, apoptosis, immunoregulation,and angiogenesis through their ability to interact with poly-Nacetyllactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates. To date 16 human&nbsp; galectin carbohydrate recognition domains have been established by sequence analysis and found to be expressed in several tissues.Given the divergent functions of these lectins, it is of vital importance to understand common and differential features in order to search for specific inhibitors of individual members of the human galectin family. In this work we performed an integrated computational analysis of all individual members of the human galectin family. In the first place, we have built homology-based models for galectin-4 and -12 N-terminus, placental protein 13 (PP13) and PP13-like protein for which no experimental structural information is available. We have then performed classical molecular dynamics simulations of the whole 15 members family in freeand ligand-bound states to analyze protein and protein ligand interaction dynamics. Our results show that all galectins adopt the same fold, and the carbohydrate recognition domains are very similar with structural differences located in specific loops. These differences are reflected in the dynamics characteristics, where mobility differences translate into entropy values which significantly influence their ligand affinity. Thus, ligand selectivity appears to be modulated by subtle differences in the monosaccharide binding sites. Taken together, our results may contribute to the understanding, at a molecular level, of the structural and dynamicaldeterminants that distinguish individual human galectins. ","palabras_clave":"galectin|molecular dynamics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112524,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Protective Protein Matrix Improves the Discrimination of Nitroxyl from Nitric Oxide by MnIII Protoporphyrinate IX in Aerobic Media","resumen":"The selectivity of MnIII\/II porphyrinates toward nitroxyl or nitric oxide donors provides a convenient starting point for the development of new materials for the speciation of these nitrogen-containing redox relatives. In the present report, we describe the insertion of MnIII protoporphyrinate IX in apomyoglobin and its chemical behavior toward HNO or NO donors, either under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. For comparison and discussion, the MnIII porphyrinate, devoid of the protein matrix, was studied in parallel. The MnIII reconstituted globin successfully reacted with the nitroxyl donor trioxodinitrate, while it was unreactivetoward NO or NO donors, in good agreement with previously reported data on water soluble MnIII porphyrinates. The estimated association rate constant for the reaction with the nitroxyl donor was of the same order of magnitude for the reconstituted globin and the free porphyrinate, suggesting that the protein environment is not involved in the reaction mechanism. In contrast, the reaction product exhibited enhanced stability in the presence of dioxygen only when the porphyrinate was included in the protein matrix; this feature is ascribed to the role of the distal residues on the metal centered reactivity. This behavior is requiredfor spectroscopic detection under biologically relevant conditions.","palabras_clave":"NITROXYL|MIOGLOBIN|MANGANESE|HEME"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112525,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ligand Migration in Methanosarcina acetivorans Protoglobin: Effects of Ligand Binding and Dimeric Assembly","resumen":"Protoglobin is the first globin found in Archaea. Its biological role is still unknown, although this protein can bind O2, CO, and NO reversibly in vitro. The X-ray structure of Methanosarcina acetivorans protoglobin (MaPgb)   has shown that access of ligands to the heme, which is completely   buried within the protein matrix, can be granted by two apolar tunnels,   which are mainly defined by helices G and B (tunnel 1), and helices B   and E (tunnel 2). Here we analyze the structural and dynamical behavior   of MaPgb through molecular dynamics and computational techniques   aimed at shedding light on distinctive features of ligand migration   through the tunnels that may be linked to functionality. While tunnel 2   is found to be accessible to diatomic ligands in both deoxygenated and   oxygenated forms of the protein, the accessibility of tunnel 1 is   controlled through the synergistic effect of both the protein dimeric   state and the presence of the heme-bound ligand. Thus, dimerization   mainly affects the spatial arrangement of helix G, which influences the   shape of tunnel 1. Ligand accessibility through this tunnel is regulated   by Phe(145)G8, which can adopt open and closed   conformations. Noteworthy, the ratio between open and closed states is   modulated by protein dimerization and more strikingly by ligand binding.   In particular, sensing of the ligand is mediated by Phe(93)E11, and the   steric hindrance between Phe(93)E11 and the heme-bound ligand alters   the structural and dynamical behavior of helices B and E, which   facilitates opening of tunnel 1. This functional mechanism provides a   basis to understand the finding that ligation favors fast rebinding from   ligand binding kinetic to MaPgb. Finally, it also suggests that MaPgb might be physiologically involved in a ligand-controlled bimolecular chemical process.","palabras_clave":"protoglobin|simulations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112526,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural model for p75 NTR-TrkA intracellular domain interaction: A combined FRET and bioinformatics study","resumen":"Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a member of the neurotrophins, which areimportant regulators of embryonic development and adult function in thevertebrate nervous systems. The signaling elicited by NGF regulates diverseactivities, including survival, axon growth, and synaptic plasticity. NGFaction is mediated by engagement with two structurally unrelatedtransmembrane receptors, p75NTR and TrkA, which are co-expressed in avariety of cells. The functional interactions of these receptors have beenwidely demonstrated and include complex formation, convergence ofsignaling pathways, and indirect interaction through adaptor proteins. Eachdomain of the receptors was shown to be important for the formation ofTrkA and p75NTR complexes, but only the intramembrane and transmembranedomains seemed to be crucial for the creation of high-affinity bindingsites. However, whether these occur through a physical association of thereceptors is unclear. In the present work, we demonstrate by Försterresonance energy transfer that p75NTR and TrkA are physically associatedthrough their intracellular (IC) domains and that this interaction occurspredominantly at the cell membrane and prior to NGF stimulation. Ourdata suggest that there is a pool of receptors dimerized before NGFstimulus, which could contribute to the high-affinity binding sites. Wemodeled the three-dimensional structure of the TrkA IC domain byhomology modeling, and with this and the NMR-resolved structure ofp75NTR, we modeled the heterodimerization of TrkA and p75NTR bydocking methods and molecular dynamics. These models, together with theresults obtained by Förster resonance energy transfer, provide structuralinsights into the receptors´ physical association.","palabras_clave":"NGF RECEPTORS|PHYSICAL ASSOCIATION|HETERODIMERIZATION|STURCTURAL MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112527,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nitroxyl (azanone) trapping by metalloporphyrins","resumen":"The present review starts describing nitroxyl (azanone, 1HNO) biological relevance, in relation with NO physiology, from a chemical reactivity perspective. After a description of commonly used azanone donors and their characteristics, the overlapping molecular targets of HNO and NO are presented with an emphasis on heme models and proteins. We present also a brief description of metalloporphyrins and the main characteristics of their nitrosyl complexes, and then describe the reactivity of azanone towards Fe, Ru, Mn and Co porphyrins, briefly mentioning heme proteins, and focusing on 1HNO trapping and its discrimination from NO. A comparison of reaction kinetics and\/or nitrosyl product stability with non-heme models is also described. We illustrate the promiscuity of iron porphyrins, the stabilization properties of Ru and the discriminating behavior of Mn and Co porphyrins, which allows the design of optical and electrochemical selective 1HNO sensors. Finally, a comparative analysis and future perspectives are presented, focusing on the in vivo reactivity of azanone and its putative endogenous production.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"NITROXYL|AZANONE|TRAPPING|METALLOPORPHYRINS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112528,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de la variabilidad material del Recinto 1 - Kancha II: aportes para una comprensión de la política incaica en El Shincal de Quimivil","resumen":"Los trabajos arqueológicos sobre el sitio Inka El Shincal de Quimivil han acumulado una importante bibliografía específica acerca de la necesidad de posicionarlo como centro capital de la dominación del Tawantinsuyu en el NOA. En este trabajo se presenta la excavación realizada en el Recinto 1 de la estructura Kancha II, un espacio de típica arquitectura incaica cercano a uno de los cerros aterrazados artificialmente. La excavación completa ha permitido disponer de un cuantioso conjunto de evidencias de tiestos cerámicos, restos óseos y material lítico, como así también un mortero centralmente posicionado y elevado por un pedestal de rocas. Además se puso énfasis en la búsqueda de restos arqueobotánicos aunque con escasa recuperación. En relación a la cerámica se destaca la diversidad de estilos y una alta afluencia de cerámica de tipo Inka. Entre los materiales óseos se observan restos de descarte y artefactos como puntas de proyectil. Del análisis arquitectónico, la disposición del espacio y los materiales de excavación se desprende una notable articulación de este recinto con lo analizado para el resto de El Shincal. Probablemente esta articulación estuvo en relación directa a los momentos festivos donde El Shincal habría jugado un rol central dentro de la dinámica de las provincias incaicas del sur.","palabras_clave":"Inka|Noroeste Argentino|Análisis multidisciplinario"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112529,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of the synthesis method on Co-catalysts based on MCM-41 for the Fischer Tropsch reaction","resumen":"In this work, cobalt catalysts based on ordered mesoporous materials of the MCM-41 type were synthesized and characterized. The synthesis of the catalysts was performed by using different methods: impregnation; incorporation of the metal in the synthesis gel and ionic exchange of the metal by the template. Different characterization techniques were used (N2 adsorption\u2013desorption, XRD, TPR, SEM and XPS) to study the textural and structural properties of the samples and the metal-support interaction corresponding to each method of synthesis. These samples were tested in the CO Hydrogenation (Fischer\u2013Tropsch Synthesis) by measuring the CO conversion and the selectivity to CO2 and some groups of hydrocarbons chains. The results show that structural and textural properties as well as the metal-support interactions are affected by the synthesis method. According to this study, catalytic performance is related to the properties of the samples, observing that the metal support interaction highly affects the activity and selectivity of the catalysts.","palabras_clave":"Cobalt catalysts|MCM-41|Fischer Tropsch synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112531,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, characterization and catalase activity of a water soluble diMnIII complex of a sulphonato-substituted Schiff base ligand: An efficient catalyst for H2O2 disproportionation","resumen":"A new diMnIII complex, Na[Mn2(3-Me-5-SO3-salpentO)(&#956;-MeO)(&#956;-AcO)(H2O)] 3 4H2O (1), where salpentOH = 1,5-bis(salicylidenamino) pentan-3-ol,was synthesized and structurally characterized. The complex possesses a bis(&#956;-alkoxo)(&#956;-acetato) triply bridged diMnIII core, the structure of which is retained upon dissolution. Complex 1 is highly efficient to disproportionate H2O2 in an aqueous solution of pH g 8.5 or in DMF, with only a slight decrease of activity.Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, EPR, and UVvis spectroscopy used to monitor the H2O2 disproportionation in buffered basic medium, suggest that the major active form of the catalyst during cycling occurs in the MnIII2 oxidation state and that the starting complex retains the dinuclearity and composition during catalysis,with the acetate that moves from bridging to terminal ligand. UVvis and Raman spectroscopy ofH2O2 + 1+Bu4NOHmixtures in DMF suggest that the catalytic cycle involves MnIII2\/MnIV2 oxidation levels. At pH 10.6 in an Et3N\/Et3NH+ buffer, complex 1 catalyzes dismutation of H2O2 with saturation kinetics on the substrate, first order dependence on the catalyst, and kcat\/KM = 16(1)  102 s1 M1. During catalysis, the exogenous base contributes to retain the integrity of the bis(&#956;-alkoxo) doubly bridged diMn core and favors the formation of the catalystperoxide adduct (low value of KM), rendering 1 a highly efficient catalyst for H2O2 disproportionation.","palabras_clave":"Catalase|Schiff base|Manganese|Synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112532,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Feature extraction on Brain Computer Interfaces using Discrete Dyadic Wavelet Transform: Preliminary results","resumen":"The purpose of this work is to evaluate different feature extraction alternatives to detect the event related evoked potential signal on brain computer interfaces, trying to minimize the time employed and the classification error, in terms of sensibility and specificity of the method, looking for alternatives to coherent averaging. In this context the results obtained performing the feature extraction using discrete dyadic wavelet transform using different mother wavelets are presented. For the classification a single layer perceptron was used. The results obtained with and without the wavelet decomposition were compared; showing an improvement on the classification rate, the specificity and the sensibility for the feature vectors obtained using some mother wavelets.","palabras_clave":"Brain Computer Interface|Signal Processing|Wavelet Analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112533,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition on endometrial implant development in a murine model of endometriosis","resumen":"The main factor involved in neovascularization of ectopic endometrial tissue in endometriosis is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is produced both by the endometrial implant and by peritoneal macrophages. On the other hand, bevacizumab is an antiangiogenic agent used in the treatment of different tumors, like colorectal, pulmonary, and recently mammary. We evaluated the effect of the inhibition of VEGF activity with bevacizumab (Avastin) on ectopic endometrial growth in a murine model of endometriosis. Two months old female BALB\/c mice had surgery performed to induce endometriotic-like lesions. Treatment with bevacizumab started on post-surgery day 15 and continued during 2 weeks. Then, animals were sacrificed, peritoneal fluid was collected, and endometriotic-like lesions were counted, measured, and removed. Cell proliferation, vascular density, and apoptosis were assessed by immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), immunohistochemistry for CD34, and Terminal Deoxynucleotidil Transferase-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL), respectively. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels were evaluated in the peritoneal fluid by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Treatment with bevacizumab significantly inhibited endometriotic lesion development (P &lt; .05). Consistently, bevacizumab significantly inhibited cell proliferation in lesions (P &lt; .01), reduced vascular density (P &lt; .001), as well as increased the apoptotic cell percentage (P &lt; .001). In addition, bevacizumab reduced VEGF levels in peritoneal fluid of endometriosis-induced animals (P &lt; .05). In conclusion, this study suggests a direct effect of bevacizumab on the reduction of endometrial implant growth and supports further research on VEGF inhibition as a novel therapeutic modality in endometriosis.","palabras_clave":"ENDOMETRIOSIS|VEGF|BEVACIZUMAB|MOUSE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112534,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients in a centre in Buenos Aires","resumen":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2011 Dec;69(6):867-70.Epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients in a centre in Buenos Aires.Bettini M, Gargiulo-Monachelli GM, Rodr¨ªguez G, Rey RC, Peralta LM, Sica RE.SourceNeurology Department, J.M. Ramos Mej¨ªa Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ¡¡marielabettini@yahoo.com.arAbstractSporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is considered a multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental factors causing motor neuron degeneration.OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological and occupational characteristics of patients with sALS who attended the Ramos Mej¨ªa Hospital at Buenos Aires, Argentina.METHOD: We analyzed the medical records of sALS patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2008. All occupations were coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupation (ISCO).RESULTS: 187 patients were assessed, 38.5% were women and 61.5% men. Mean age at diagnosis was 55 years. 16% of them came from rural areas; 68% of the studied population had no health insurance. 40% were employed in elementary occupations, 19 were technicians and 8 handicraftsmen.CONCLUSION: The most represented profession was elementary occupation. A large proportion of patients came from rural areas, which might suggest an increased risk of environmental exposure to an unknown agent in those regions","palabras_clave":"esclerosis lateral amiotrofiaca|epidemiolog¨¬a|ciudad de buenos aires|hospital publico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112535,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Parallel solution synthesis of lavendustin analogs as antileishmanial agents","resumen":"A concise parallel synthesis of 12 lavendustin analogs is described. Starting with differently substituted benzaldehydes, a two-step sequence involving reductive amination and N-benzylation accelerated by microwaves was performed to provide the compounds in excellent yields. The compounds have been assayed  in vitro showing activity against  Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis.","palabras_clave":"Benzylamines|eductive amination|microwave"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112536,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Targeting tuberculosis through a small focused library of 1,2,3-triazoles","resumen":"Looking for new active molecules against Mycobacterium tuberculosis a small focused library of 1,2,3-triazoles was efficiently prepared by click chemistry. Compounds were subsequently tested against different pathogenic and opportunistic mycobacteria including M. avium and M. tuberculosis. Two of them showed MIC at lower mg\/mL concentration for M. avium and even below that for M. tuberculosis, being more potent that control drugs.","palabras_clave":"Tuberculosis|triazoles|click chemistry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112537,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An Entry to Curcuphenol \/Elvirol Core Structures via a Retro-Aldol Procedure","resumen":"Curcuphenol \/ elvirol analogues, the naturally occurring bisabolane sesquiterpenes were prepared in six steps from alkyl alpha-tetralones employing an aromatization reaction of cyclic dienone precursors and olefination of the key aldehyde intermediates. The in vitro antifungal activities of 6a, 6b, 6d and 6g were also reported.","palabras_clave":"sesquiterpenes |aromatization|anfifungal|analogs"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112538,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Endogenous progesterone is associated to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis prognostic factors","resumen":"Acta Neurol Scand. 2011 Jan;123(1):60-7. doi: 10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2010.01385.x.Endogenous progesterone is associated to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis prognostic factors.Gargiulo Monachelli G, Meyer M, Rodríguez GE, Garay LI, Sica RE, De Nicola AF, González Deniselle MC.SourceLaboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.AbstractNegative prognostic factors in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis include advanced age, shorter time from disease onset to diagnosis, bulbar onset and rapid progression rate.OBJECTIVE: To compare progesterone (PROG) and cortisol serum levels in patients and controls and ascertain its relationship to prognostic factors and survival.METHODS: We assessed serum hormonal levels in 27 patients and 21 controls.RESULTS: Both hormones were 1.4-fold higher in patients. PROG showed a negative correlation with age, positive correlation with survival and positive trend with time to diagnosis. Increased PROG was observed in spinal onset and slow progression patients. No correlation was demonstrated with cortisol.CONCLUSION: Increased hormonal levels in patients are probably due to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation. Nevertheless, in this preliminary report only PROG correlated positively with factors predicting better prognosis and survival. We hypothesize endogenous PROG and cortisol may be engaged in differential roles, the former possibly involved in a neuroprotective response.","palabras_clave":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis|Progesterone|steroids|Prognosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112539,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Modalidades de Gestión e Innovación. Un estudio de casos en empresas de Software y servicios electrónicos de la zona de influencia de la UNICEN.","resumen":"En este trabajo se exponen los resultados de un estudio de casos en profundidad  (Yin, 2009)  de  siete  PyMEs  del  sector  de  software  y  servicios  electrónicos  de  la  Región Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires radicadas y\/o vinculadas al Parque Científico Tecnológico de la Universidad Nacional del Centro (UNICEN).El estudio se basa en la   identificación  del  Nivel  de  Innovación,  las  Modalidades  de  Gestión  utilizadas  y  la relación existente entre ambas variables  Los resultados surgen de la Línea de Investigación ?Cultura y Modalidades de Gestión: su relación con la Innovación? del Centro de Estudios en Administración (CEA)  de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la UNICEN- Argentina, la que se orienta al estudio de  un  conjunto  de  empresas  consideradas  dinámicas  de  la  Región  de influencia de  la   UNICEN.   En una primera etapa se presenta una síntesis del análisis en profundidad de cada uno de los casos  y,luego  se analizan en forma comparativa los  siete  casos estudiados,  con el fin de identificar y exponer aspectos comunes y\/o diferencias significativas entre ellos.","palabras_clave":"Innovación|Software|Gestión"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112540,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: new hypothesis regarding its etiology and pathogenesis suggests that astrocytes might be the primary target hosting a still unknown external agent","resumen":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2011 Aug;69(4):699-706.Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: new hypothesis regarding its etiology and pathogenesis suggests that astrocytes might be the primary target hosting a still unknown external agent.Sica RE, Nicola AF, Deniselle MC, Rodriguez G, Monachelli GM, Peralta LM, Bettini M.SourceInstitute of Cardiological Investigations, Neurological Unit, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires University, Pueyrredon 1061 \/ piso 10, dpto. B 1118, Buenos Aires - Argentina. rsica@fmed.uba.arAbstractThis article briefly describes the already known clinical features and pathogenic mechanisms underlying sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, namely excitoxicity, oxidative stress, protein damage, inflammation, genetic abnormalities and neuronal death. Thereafter, it puts forward the hypothesis that astrocytes may be the cells which serve as targets for the harmful action of a still unknown environmental agent, while neuronal death may be a secondary event following the initial insult to glial cells. The article also suggests that an emergent virus or a misfolded infectious protein might be potential candidates to accomplish this task.","palabras_clave":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis|pathogenesis|astrocytes|cause"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112541,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Convergence of an adaptive Kacanov FEM for quasi-linear problems","resumen":"We design an adaptive finite element method to approximate the solutions of quasi-linear elliptic problems. The algorithm is based on a Kacanov iteration and a mesh adaptation step is performed after each linear solve. The method is thus inexact because we do not solve the discrete nonlinear problems exactly, but rather perform one iteration of a fixed point method (Kacanov), using the approximation of the previous mesh as an initial guess. The convergence of the method is proved for any reasonable marking strategy and starting from any initial mesh. We conclude with some numerical experiments that illustrate the theory.","palabras_clave":"Nonlinear stationary conservation laws|Adaptive finite element methods|Convergence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112542,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Smooth paths of conditional expectations","resumen":"Let A be a von Neumann algebra with a finite trace Tr, represented in H=L^2(A,T), and let $B_t\\subset A$ be sub-algebras, for $t$ in an interval $I$ (0\\in I). Let $E_t:A\\to B_t$ be the unique $Tr-preserving conditional expectation. We say that the path $t\\mapsto E_t$  is smooth if for every $a\\in A$ and $v\\in H$, the map$$I\\ni t\\mapsto E_t(a)v\\in H$$is continuously differentiable. This condition implies the existence of the derivative operator$$dE_t(a): H\\to H,   dE_t(a)v=\\frac{d}{dt}E_t(a)v.$$If this operator verifies the additional boundedness  condition,$$\\int_J \\|dE_t(a)\\|_2^2 d t\\le C_J\\|a\\|_2^2,$$for any closed bounded sub-interval $J\\subset I$, and $C_J>0$ a constant depending only on $J$, then the algebras $B_t$ are $*$-isomorphic. More precisely, there exists a curve $G_t: A\\to A$, $t\\in I$ of  unital, *-preserving linear isomorphisms which intertwine the expectations,$$G_t\\circ E_0=E_t\\circ G_t.$$ The curve $G_t$ is weakly continuously differentiable. Moreover, the intertwining property in particular implies that $G_t$ maps $B_0$ onto $B_t$. We show that this restriction is  a multiplicative  isomorphism.","palabras_clave":"conditional expectations|strong operator topology|weakly smooth path|system of projections"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112543,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Finite element modeling of welding processes","resumen":"This work deals with the simulation of fusion welding by the Finite Element Method. The implemented models include a moving heat source, temperature dependence of thermo-physical properties, elasto-plasticity, non-steady state heat transfer, and mechanical analysis. The thermal problem is assumed to be uncoupled from the mechanical one, so the thermal analysis is performed separately and previously to the mechanical analysis at each time step. The mechanical problem is based on the thermal history. A special treatment is performed on mechanical elements during the liquid\/solid and solid\/liquid phase changes to account for stress states. The three-dimensional stress state of a butt-welded joint is obtained as an example of an application.","palabras_clave":"WELDING SIMULATION|FEM|SOLID MECHANICS|THERMAL STRESSES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112544,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Computational Modelling of Shaped Metal Deposition","resumen":"Shaped metal deposition (SMD) is a novel process for rapid prototyping that employs tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding controlled by a robot inside an inert gas chamber to build parts by successive layer deposition. This process can be enhanced through modelling and control. Industries are interested in developing systematized models to explain observed phenomena and to predict processing conditions for process planning and optimization. In this work, thermal and mechanical finite element (FE) modelling of SMD is presented. The thermal problem is solved with linear tetrahedral finite FEs that take into account the liquid\/solid phase change phenomenon. The mechanical problem is solved with hexahedral elements with tri-linear interpolation of displacements and constant interpolation of mean stresses. Special techniques to account for material addition were developed, based on activation\/deactivation of FEs. Numerical tests were conducted to determine the heat source model parameters. An experiment using Ti-6Al-4V material was developed to validate the formulation. The test consisted of a TIG-wash procedure (arc passing without wire feeding to preheat the plate) followed by a single welding layer. The results, including temperatures and residual displacements, are compared with those obtained with the finite element method (FEM) code. Finally, a multilayer SMD numerical example is presented.","palabras_clave":"SHAPED METAL DEPOSITION|WELDING SIMULATION|THERMAL STRESSES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112545,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analytical solutions of the thermal field induced by moving double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical heat sources in a semi-infinite body","resumen":"An analytical solution is computed for the thermal field induced in a semi-infinite body by a moving heat source whose shape was proposed by Goldak et al. for the simulation of welding processes. Owing to its ability to accommodate a wide variety of welding techniques, this model is widely used. Throughout two semi-ellipsoidal volumes, corresponding to the front and the rear parts of the moving source, the heat power density is distributed using a Gaussian function.et al. for the simulation of welding processes. Owing to its ability to accommodate a wide variety of welding techniques, this model is widely used. Throughout two semi-ellipsoidal volumes, corresponding to the front and the rear parts of the moving source, the heat power density is distributed using a Gaussian function. In the literature, Nguyen et al. have proposed an analytical solution to this problem that is, however, only correct when both semi-ellipsoids are equal (i.e. for a single-ellipsoidal model). The current work presents an extension of the analytical solution of Nguyen et al. to the double-ellipsoidal case. As a special case, the solution for the temperature field induced by a double-elliptical surface heat source is also developed. In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.In order to validate the analytical solutions, the problem is solved using both two- and threedimensional finite element models in several test-cases. Solutions for double-ellipsoidal and double-elliptical sources are numerically computed and compared with the analytical solutions, while clearly demonstrating the differences with respect to the solution of Nguyen et al. At the same time, the two-dimensional numerical approximation is evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost.","palabras_clave":"DOUBLE-ELLIPSOIDAL HEAT SOURCE|WELDING|ANALYTICAL SOLUTION|FINITE ELEMENT METHOD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112546,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Full numerical quadrature of weakly singular double surface  integrals in Galerkin boundary element methods","resumen":"When a Galerkin discretization of a boundary integral equation with a weakly singular kernel isperformed over triangles, a double surface integral must be evaluated for each pair of them. If these pairs are not contiguous or not coincident the kernel is regular and a Gauss{Legendre quadrature can be employed. When the pairs have a common edge or a common vertex, then edge and vertex weak singularities appear. If the pairs have both facets coincident the whole integration domain is weakly singular. D. J. Taylor (IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, 51(7):1630{1637 (2003)) proposed a systematic evaluation based on a reordering and partitioning of the integration domain, together with a use of the Du\u000By transformations in order to remove the singularities, in such a way that a Gauss{Legendre quadrature was performed on three coordinates with an analytic integration in the fourth coordinate. Since this scheme is a bit restrictive because it was designed for electromagnetic kernels, a full numerical quadrature is proposed in order to handle kernels with a weak singularity with a general framework. Numerical tests based on modications of the one proposed by W. Wang and N. Atalla (Comm. in Num. Meth. Eng., 13(11):885{890 (1997)) are included.","palabras_clave":"Galerkin boundary element method|Integral equations with weak kernel|Double surface integral|Flat simple triangles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112547,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multifunctional hybrids by combining ordered mesoporous materials and macromolecular building blocks","resumen":"This critical review presents and discusses the recent advances in complex hybrid materials that result from the combination of polymers and mesoporous matrices. Ordered mesoporous materials derived from supramolecular templating present high surface area and tailored poresizes; pore surfaces can be further modified by organic, organometallic or even biologically active functional groups. This permits the creation of hybrid systems with distinct physical properties or chemical functions located in the framework walls, the pore surface, and the pore interior.Bringing polymeric building blocks into the game opens a new dimension: the possibility to create phase separated regions (functional domains) within the pores that can behave as ??reactive pockets?? of nanoscale size, with highly controlled chemistry and interactions within restricted volumes. The possibilities of combining ??hard?? and ??soft?? building blocks to yield these novel nanocomposite materials with tuneable functional domains ordered in space are potentially infinite. New properties are bound to arise from the synergy of both kinds of components, and their spatial location. The main object of this review is to report on new approaches towards functional polymer?inorganic mesostructured hybrids, as well as to discuss the present challenges in this flourishing research field. Indeed, the powerful concepts resulting from the synergy of sol?gel processing, supramolecular templating and polymer chemistry open new opportunities in the design of advanced functional materials: the tailored production of complex matter displaying spatially-addressed chemistry based on the control of chemical topology. Breakthrough applications are expected in the fields of sustainable energy, environment sensing and remediation, biomaterials,pharmaceutical industry and catalysis, among others (221 references).","palabras_clave":"MESOPOROUS MATERIALS|POLYMERS|SOL-GEL|HYBRID MATERIALS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112548,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermoreversible formation and negative thermal expansion of supramacromolecular assemblies of unimolecular micelles in solution","resumen":"We report the thermoreversible formation of superstructural assemblies of unimolecular micelles in solution displaying negative thermal expansion behaviour.","palabras_clave":"ensamblado molecular|quimica supramacromolecular|materia blanda|nanociencia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112549,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemical Sensing Platform Based on Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Supramolecular Assemblies Incorporating Carbon Nanotubes","resumen":"The characterization and application of a polyelectrolyte  surfactant supramolecular assembly formed by poly-  (allylamine) and dodecyl sulfate (PADS) on a screen-printed  graphite electrode for the preparation of electrochemical sensing  platforms are presented. The system was characterized by  X-ray reflectometry (XRR) and grazing-incidence small-angle  X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and tested with four benchmark  electrochemical probes undergoing different electron-transfer  mechanisms on carbon: ferrocyanide, hexaammineruthenium, ascorbic acid, and dopamine. The polyelectrolyte acts as a scaffold  favoring the incorporation of the ferrocyanide, an ion oppositely charged to poly(allylamine). Also, its ability to incorporate carbon  nanotubes (CNT) is presented. The composite material PADSCNT is able to electrocatalyze the oxidation of dopamine,  allowing its detection at micromolar levels in the presence of 100 times higher concentrations of ascorbate and it is shown to be  stable, while XRR and GISAXS results confirm a lamellar structure with well-defined domains, not perturbed by the presence of the  CNT. The dispersion is easily prepared in aqueous solution and could facilitate the processing of the CNT with an efficient loading  and yielding a more robust carbon-based material for sensing applications","palabras_clave":"Quimica supramolecular|Electroquimica|Materia Blanda|Nanomateriales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112550,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"IMPROVED BIOPHARMACEUTICAL PERFORMANCE AND ANTIFUNGAL EFFICACY OF  MUCOADHESIVE FILMS WITH NYSTATIN","resumen":"The aim of this study was to improve the biopharmaceutical performance bioadhesive films containing nystatin in terms of swelling ratio, disintegration rate, drug release, adhesion and to evaluate the influence of the excipients on antifungal action. The composition of the films was modified by incorporating Poloxamer 407 (POL407), polymer selected by its known surfactant properties and the ability to limit the swelling exhibited by carbomer. Mixing time and proportion of POL407 were critical parameters affecting the swelling and disintegration of the films. The most satisfactory formulation was film A3 containing carbomer 974P (CB974P), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), POL407 and nystatin (Nys), in the respective proportions (0.25:0.25:0.3:0.2). This film exhibited appropriate swelling ratio and muchoadhesive properties, rapid drug release extended over time and improved antifungal activity as compared with previously developed films.","palabras_clave":"bioadhesive films|Carbomer 974|nystatin |Poloxamer 407"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112551,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interaction Between Eudragit E100 and Anionic Drugs:  Addition of Anionic            Polyelectrolytes and Their Influence on Drug Release Performance","resumen":"In this work, we report results concerning the study of solid complexes compounded by a cationic polymethacrylate (EudragitR_ E100, Eu) and mesalazine (M) (Eu?Mx complex). The influence of an anionic polyacrylic acid polymer (carbomer, C) on dissolution behaviour of M from the complex was evaluated (Eu?MxCy complex). The dissolution profiles and solvent front movements of solid matrices in different media (water, buffer pH 7.4, 0.9% NaCl) were investigated and ionic interactions among Eu, M, and C were determined through Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. For Eu?Mx complexes, the affinity between M and Eu modulated the delivery of free M in solution, with the dissolution media affecting the delivery rate mainly due to an ionic interchange process between M and anionic electrolytes (i.e., Cl&#8722;). FTIR spectroscopy allowed the ionic interaction between Eu and M to be verified. The addition of C (Eu?MxCy) influenced the dissolution behavior of these matrices. As the amount of C was increased, the release mechanism changed from diffusion (Eu?M50) or anomalous (Eu?M100) to zero order (Eu?MxC50). This variation in rate delivery was also affected by the dissolution media, as occurred with Eu?Mx complexes. The formation of the gel layer during the dissolution process, as consequence of Eu?MxCy matrices hydration, was influenced by C amount and dissolution media.  ","palabras_clave":"polyelectrolytes|complexation|Eudragit\/carbomer|mesalazine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112552,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mesoporous Pt and Pt\/Ru alloy electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation","resumen":"Mesoporous Pt and Pt\/Ru catalysts with 2D-hexagonal mesostructure were  synthesized using a triblock poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene  oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer (Pluronic F127®)  template, on a gold support. Large electrochemical surface areas were  observed for the catalysts prepared at high overpotentials. Compared to  the Pt catalyst, the Pt\/Ru alloy containing 3&nbsp;at% of Ru exhibited lower  onset potential and more than three times the limit mass activity for  methanol oxidation. This behavior is assigned to the larger pore size  of the mesoporous Pt and Pt\/Ru catalysts obtained with this template  that seems to improve the methanol accessibility to the active sites  compared to those obtained using lyotropic liquid crystals.","palabras_clave":"Methanol| Fuel cells|Mesoporous|PtRu alloys|Catalyst"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112553,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemistry of Os(2,2 0 -bpy)2ClPyCH2NHCOPh tethered to Au electrodes by S\u2013Au and C\u2013Au junctions","resumen":"Osmium pyridine-bipyridine redox centers have been tethered to Au electrodes by chemicalmodification through Au\u2013S and Au\u2013C bonds respectively. 4-mercapto benzoic acid and thereduction product of the aryl diazonium salt of 4-amino benzoic acid were reacted on Ausurfaces, with further post-functionalization by chemical reaction of the osmium complexamino-pyridine derivative with the surface carboxylates. The resulting modified Au surfaceswere characterized by polarization modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy(PM-IRRAS), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), resonant raman spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.","palabras_clave":"osmium bipyridil|layer by layer|4-aminobenzoic|STM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112554,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Manipulation of Molecular Transport into Mesoporous Silica Thin Films by Infiltration of Polyelectrolytes","resumen":"The design of hybrid mesoporous materials incorporating polymeric assemblies as versatile functional units has become a very fertile research area offering major opportunities for controlling molecular transport through interfaces. However, the creation of such functional materials depends critically on our ability to assemble polymeric units in a predictable manner within mesopores withdimensions comparable to the size of the macromolecular blocks themselves. In this work, we describe for the first time the manipulation of the molecular transport properties of mesoporous silica thin films by the direct infiltration of polyelectrolytes into the inner environment of the 3D porous framework. The hybrid architectures were built up through the infiltration electrostatic assembly of polyallylamine (PAH) on the mesopore silica walls, and the resulting systems werestudied by a combination of experimental techniques including ellipsoporosimetry, cyclic voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, among others. Our results show that the infiltrationassembly of PAH alters the intrinsic cation-permselective properties of mesoporoussilica films, rendering them ion-permeable mesochannels and enabling the unrestricted diffusion of cationic and anionic species through the hybrid interfacial architecture. Contrary to what happens during the electrostatic assembly of PAH on planar silica films (quantitative charge reversal), the surface charge of the mesoporous walls is completely neutralized upon assembling the cationicPAH layer (i.e., no charge reversal occurs). We consider this work to have profound implications not only on the molecular design of multifunctional mesoporous thin films but also on understanding the predominant role of nanoconfinement effects in dictating the functional properties of polymer inorganic hybrid nanomaterials.","palabras_clave":"materiales mesoporosos|polimeros|ensamblado molecular|materia blanda"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112555,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Organization of the synthesis of glycolipid oligosaccharides in the Golgi complex","resumen":"Glycolipids constitute a complex family of amphipathic molecules structurally characterized by ahydrophilic mono- or oligo-saccharide moiety linked to a hydrophobic ceramide moiety. Due totheir asymmetric distribution in cell membranes, exposing the saccharide moiety to the extracytoplasmicside of the cell, glycolipids participate in a variety of cell?cell and cell?ligand interactions.Here we summarize aspects of the cell biology of the stepwise synthesis of the saccharide moiety inthe Golgi complex of cells from vertebrates. In particular we refer to the participant glycosyltransferases,with emphasis on their trafficking along the secretory pathway, their retention and organizationin the Golgi complex membranes and their dependence on the Golgi complex ultra structuralorganization for proper function.","palabras_clave":"Golgi complex|Glycolipids|Sphingomyelin synthesis|Glycosyltransferases"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112556,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Potassium effect on the thermal stability and reactivity of NOx species adsorbed on Pt,Rh\/La2O3 catalysts","resumen":"In this paper we analyzed the effect of potassium on the thermal stability of NOx species adsorbed on lanthanum supported catalysts. Catalysts containing only noble metals (Pt and\/or Rh) or noble metalsand potassium were prepared. The soot combustion process in the presence of NOx species previously adsorbed on the catalysts has also been studied in order to evaluate the possibility of using these materials for the simultaneous abatement of soot and nitrogen oxides.It was shown that lanthanum supported catalysts containing Pt and\/or Rh exhibited great capacity to decompose previously adsorbed nitrate species in an inert atmosphere.Whenpotassium was added to the formulation this capacity was modified, which proves the existence of a strong interaction between the potassium and noble metals. Such interaction was much stronger in the case of platinum and, therefore, the Pt?K catalyst was able to decompose only a small fraction of the adsorbed compounds in helium stream. However, when decomposition took place in reducing atmosphere (H2), the NOx species were reduced at a lower temperature in the presence of platinum.For all the lanthanum supported catalysts under study, the activity for soot combustion increased in the presence of previously adsorbed nitrate species, even though some of the samples were not very effective for NOx decomposition. This indicates that NOx species are capable of reacting with soot in oxidant atmosphere without the need for their previous decomposition, as previously observed in aninert stream.","palabras_clave":"Potassium|NOx Reduction|Pt|Rh"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112557,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of pd-in supported catalysts for water nitrate abatement in a fixed-bed continuous reactor","resumen":"The increasing pollution of natural drinking-water sources brings about the development of new emerging technologies and processes for water remediation. In this work, the catalytic reduction of contaminated water containing nitrates (100 mg\/L) was studied in a bubble column fixed-bed reactor, working at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and usinghydrogen as a reducing agent. The activity and selectivity of these catalysts were evaluated under different reaction conditions(hydrogen flow, water flow, pH, acidifying agent) and verified in a stirred reactor, operating under batch conditions. On SiO2 supported catalysts, it was found that the nitrate conversion increased as theH2 flow was increased, while theN2 selectivity remained almost unaffected. On the other hand, in Al2O3 supported catalysts, an increase in H2 flow improved activity but worsened nitrogen selectivity. The best conversions and selectivity results were obtained when the feed solution was acidified with CO2. Very pronounced pH gradients or high amounts of OH- in the catalytic bed promoted nitrites and ammonium formation, provoking a notorious decrease of N2 selectivity. The highest conversion (100%) was obtained with the Al2O3 supported catalyst aged in the reaction. However, the selectivity to N2 under these conditions was 72%. On the other hand, the best selectivity to N2 was 97%, obtained with the aged SiO2 supported catalyst. In this case, the nitrate conversion was 30%. Characterization results showed that the metallic composition of the catalysts changed both after reduction and after contacting the liquid reaction media. These changes were observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The catalysts stabilitywas studied and discussed.","palabras_clave":"nitrate reduction|continous reactor|Pd-In|SiO2"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112558,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diesel particulate matter combustion with CeO2 as catalyst. Part II: kinetic and reaction mechanism","resumen":"ver adjunto","palabras_clave":"diesel particulate matter|oxidation kinetics|reaction mechanism|cerium oxide"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112559,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ethyl ester production by homogeneous alkaline transesterification: Influence","resumen":"In this work, the process for ethyl ester production is studied using refined sunflower oil, and NaOH, KOH,CH3ONa, and CH3OK, as catalysts. In all cases, the reaction is carried out in a single reaction step. The bestconversion is obtained when the catalyst is either sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide. We foundthat during the transesterification with ethanol, soap formation is more important than in the case ofmethanol. The saponification reaction consumes an important fraction of the catalyst. The amount of catalystconsumed by this reaction is 100% in the case of using hydroxides as catalyst (KOH or NaOH), and25%, and 28% when using CH3ONa and CH3OK as catalysts, respectively. Ethanol increases the catalyst solubilityin the oil?ethyl ester phase, thus accelerating the saponification reaction.It is possible to obtain high conversions in a one-step reaction, with a total glycerine concentrationclose to 0.25%.3ONa, and CH3OK, as catalysts. In all cases, the reaction is carried out in a single reaction step. The bestconversion is obtained when the catalyst is either sodium methoxide or potassium methoxide. We foundthat during the transesterification with ethanol, soap formation is more important than in the case ofmethanol. The saponification reaction consumes an important fraction of the catalyst. The amount of catalystconsumed by this reaction is 100% in the case of using hydroxides as catalyst (KOH or NaOH), and25%, and 28% when using CH3ONa and CH3OK as catalysts, respectively. Ethanol increases the catalyst solubilityin the oil?ethyl ester phase, thus accelerating the saponification reaction.It is possible to obtain high conversions in a one-step reaction, with a total glycerine concentrationclose to 0.25%.3ONa and CH3OK as catalysts, respectively. Ethanol increases the catalyst solubilityin the oil?ethyl ester phase, thus accelerating the saponification reaction.It is possible to obtain high conversions in a one-step reaction, with a total glycerine concentrationclose to 0.25%.","palabras_clave":"Biodiesel|ethanol|ethyl ester|transesterification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112560,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preparation, characterization and catalytic activity towards green reactions of sulfonic functionalized SBA-15","resumen":"Acids heterogeneous catalysts based on the anchorage of sulfonic groups onSBA-15 mesoporous silica were synthesized. In a first synthesis step, samples containing mercaptogroups were prepared by co-condensation of tetraethylorthosilicate with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, in presence of ethylene-propylene block copolymer as mesoporoussilica structure director. In other samples, mercapto groups were introduced by post-functionalizationof the traditional calcined SBA-15. In a second step, these mercapto groups were oxidized in order tog nic acid s on the surface. Characterization of the samp es wa carr ed out by N2adsorption-desorption, FTIR, XPS and acid-base titration. Spectros c te niques showed hat theeffective incorporation of sulfonic groups depends on the synthesis methodology used. In turn, theSBA-15 post-synthesis funcionalization produces changes in structural characteristics like a decreasein BET surface and changes in the pore size distribution. The as-prepared materials were tested as acidcatalysts in the alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene, and in the esterification of free fatty acids withmethanol. The results obtained show a lack of activity in the alkylation reaction which can beassociated with the formation and stabilization of the intermediate carbocation species.","palabras_clave":"mesoporous silica|SBA15|functionalization|alkylation|esterification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112561,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biodiesel production by two-stage transesterification with ethanol","resumen":"A two-stage process consisting of two reactions steps with glycerin separation and ethanol\/catalyst additionin each of them was optimized for ethyl esters production. The optimal reaction temperature was55 C. At an ethanol\/oil molar ratio of 4.25:1 (25% v\/v alcohol with respect to oil), a 99% conversion valuewas obtained with low ethanol consumption. In contrast to methoxide catalysts, sodium and potassiumhydroxide catalysts severely complicate the purification since no phase separation took place under mostconditions. With a total sodium methoxide concentration of 1.06 g catalyst\/100 g oil, and adding 50% ofthe catalyst in each reaction step, biodiesel with a total glycerin content of 0.172% was obtained. The optimalconditions found in this study make it possible to use the same industrial facility to produce eithermethyl or ethyl esters.","palabras_clave":"biodiesel|ethanol|ethylester|transesterification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112562,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Activity and Stability of BaKCo\/CeO2 catalysts for diesel soot oxidation","resumen":"The activity and stability of Ba,K,Co\/CeO2 catalyst in the diesel soot oxidation reaction are studied. Different modes of preparation are analyzed, varying both the cobalt precursor and its order of impregnation. In order to study the stability in a diesel exhaust atmosphere, the catalysts were pretreated in streams of CO2, H2O, NO and SO2. The fresh and the treated catalysts were characterized by FTIR and XRD techniques. The catalytic activity was measured by TPO of soot?catalyst mixtures. The tight contact was used to analyze the intrinsic activity. It was found that the activity was higher for the catalysts prepared using Co(NO3)2 compared with the catalysts prepared using Co(AcO)2. This is because in the former, KNO3 is present on the catalyst, being this compound very active for this reaction. The thermal stability is lower for the catalyst prepared with Co(NO3)2. This catalyst displays a higher K lost when treated at high temperature. When K is present as K2CO3, as is the case of the catalysts prepared with Co(AcO)2,the thermal stability is higher since K2CO3 is less volatile than KNO3. All the catalysts are stable in the presence of mixtures of (CO2 + H2O + NO + O2) having a composition similar to a real diesel exhaust. Underthese conditions, the K mantains its original chemical state, either carbonate or nitrate, depending on the precursor used in the catalyst preparation. In presence of SO2, all the catalysts deactivate due toK2SO4 formation, which is not active for soot combustion. However, the sensitivity to SO2 depends on the precursors used to prepare the catalyst. The Ba,K,Co\/CeO2 catalyst prepared impregnating Co(NO3)2on the Ba,K\/CeO2 catalyst has a higher resistance to the deactivation by SO2, since the following reaction occurs: Ba(NO3)2 + K2SO4 &#8594; BaSO4 +KNO3, which implies that active KNO3 will dissapear slower from the catalytic surface, thus maintaining the activity. TPO experiments of the catalyst in loose contact with soot were also carried out. The Ba,K,Co\/CeO2 catalyst prepared impregnating Co(NO3)2 on the Ba,K\/CeO2catalyst showed the higher activity in loose contact mode","palabras_clave":"diesel soot|cobalt|potassium |barium"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112563,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Error estimates for Raviart-Thomas  interpolation of any order  on anisotropic tetrahedra","resumen":"We prove optimal order error estimates  for the Raviart-Thomas interpolation of arbitrary order under  the maximum angle condition for triangles and under two generalizations of  this condition, namely, the so-called  three dimensional maximum angle condition and the regular vertex property,  for tetrahedra.    Our techniques are different from those used in previous papers  on the subject and the results obtained are more general in several  aspects.  First, intermediate regularity is allowed, that is, for the Raviart-Thomas  interpolation of degree $kge 0$, we prove error estimates  of order $j+1$ when the vector field being approximated has components in  $W^{j+1,p}$, for triangles or tetrahedra,  where $0le j le k$ and $1le p leinfty$. These results are new  even in the two dimensional case. Indeed, the estimate was known only  in the case $j=k$. On the other hand, in the three dimensional case,  results under the maximum angle condition were known only for $k=0$.","palabras_clave":"MIXED FINITE ELEMENTS|RAVIART-THOMAS|ANISOTROPIC FINITE ELEMENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112564,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Numerical analysis of a finite element method to compute the vibration modes of a Reissner-Mindlin laminated plate","resumen":"This paper deals with the finite element approximation of the vibrationmodes of a laminated plate modeled by the Reissner-Mindlin equations;DL3 elements are used for the bending terms and standard piecewiselinear continuous elements for the in-plane displacements. An \\textit{apriori}  estimate of the regularity of the solution, independent of theplate thickness, is proved for the corresponding load problem. Thisallows using the abstract approximation theory for spectral problems tostudy the convergence of the proposed finite element method. Thus,optimal order error estimates including a double order for the vibrationfrequencies are obtained under appropriate assumptions. These estimatesare independent of the plate thickness, which leads to the conclusionthat the method is locking-free. Numerical tests are reported to assessthe performance of the method.","palabras_clave":"REISSNER-MINDLIN|LAMINATED PLATES|SPECTRAL PROBLEMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112565,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multipliers of Laplace Transform Type for Laguerre and Hermite  Expansions","resumen":"We present a new criterion for the weighted Lp-Lq boundedness of multiplier operators for Laguerre and Hermite expansions that arise from a Laplace?Stieltjes transform. As a special case, we recover known results on weighted estimates for Laguerre and Hermite fractional integrals with a unified and simpler approach.","palabras_clave":"LAGUERRE EXPANSIONS|HERMITE EXPANSIONS|HARMONIC OSCILLATOR|FRACTIONAL INTEGRATION|MULTIPLIERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112566,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On the existence of bounded solutions for a nonlinear elliptic system","resumen":"This work deals with the system (&#8722;)mu = a(x) vp, (&#8722;)mv = b(x) uq withDirichlet boundary condition in a domain  &#8834; Rn, where  is a ball if n &#8805; 3 or a smoothperturbation of a ball when n = 2. We prove that, under appropriate conditions on theparameters (a, b, p, q,m, n), any nonnegative solution (u, v) of the system is bounded by a constant independent of (u, v).Moreover, we prove that the conditions are sharp in the sensethat, up to some border case, the relation on the parameters are also necessary. The casem = 1 was considered by Souplet (Nonlinear Partial Differ Equ Appl 20:464?479, 2004). Our paper generalize to m &#8805; 1 the results of that paper.(&#8722;)mu = a(x) vp, (&#8722;)mv = b(x) uq withDirichlet boundary condition in a domain  &#8834; Rn, where  is a ball if n &#8805; 3 or a smoothperturbation of a ball when n = 2. We prove that, under appropriate conditions on theparameters (a, b, p, q,m, n), any nonnegative solution (u, v) of the system is bounded by a constant independent of (u, v).Moreover, we prove that the conditions are sharp in the sensethat, up to some border case, the relation on the parameters are also necessary. The casem = 1 was considered by Souplet (Nonlinear Partial Differ Equ Appl 20:464?479, 2004). Our paper generalize to m &#8805; 1 the results of that paper.","palabras_clave":"Elliptic systems | A priori estimates |Critical exponents |Weighted Sobolev spaces"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112567,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemistry in Large Unilamellar Vesicles. The distribution of 1-Naphthol studied by Square Wave Voltammetry","resumen":"1-Naphthol (NPh) behavior in water and in large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) formed with the phospholipid 1,2-di-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) was studied by square wave (SWV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques and, compared with emission spectroscopy studies. In DOPC LUV media, the redox behavior of NPh shows that the molecule undergoes a partition process between two pseudophases, the water and the LUV bilayer. The NPh electrochemical responses allow us to propose a model to explain the electrochemical experimental results and, in conjunction with our measurements, to calculate the NPh partition constant (K) value between the pseudophases. The K value coincides with the one obtained through emission spectroscopy. Beside the K value, our electrochemical model allows us to calculate the diffusion coefficient (DLUV) for DOPC LUV which coincides with the DLUV value obtained through dynamic light scattering (DLS). Thus, our data clearly show that the electrochemical measurements could be a powerful alternative approach to investigate the behavior of non-ionic electroactive molecules embed in a confined environment such as the LUV bilayer. ","palabras_clave":"Nanociencia|Vesiculas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112568,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"A 20 años de ?Sujetos, disciplina y curriculum?: Itinerarios y lecturas de un clásico.","resumen":"Este artículo abre una serie de trabajos elaborados desde la historiografía educativa a partir de los 20 años de la publicación del trabajo de Adriana Puiggrós: 'sujetos, disciplina y curriculum'. Para ello, retomamos una actividad realizada el 4 de agosto de 2010, teniendo como marco la Biblioteca Nacional del Maestro. En aquella oportunidad,  la SAHE convocó a reflexionar sobre los contextos de producción y circulación, así como sobre las \u201Cescenas de lectura\u201D que este libro concita. Uno de los comentarios giraba en torno a la presencia en la sala de numerosos jóvenes. ¿Qué los había movido a asistir? ¿Qué tipo de relación entablaron con el libro? ¿Cuáles fueron sus contextos de lectura? ¿Se trataba de aquel que se \u201Cimpone\u201D como bibliografía obligatoria? ¿Eran aquellos, estudiantes que \u201Csufren\u201D el trazo errático de una escritura que, al mismo tiempo, los envuelve y los convida a pensar y revisar las herencias pedagógicas desde nuevos puntos de vista? La mesa que se conformó en aquella oportunidad fue convocada a pensar bajo una consigna que acompaña al título de la presentación: \u201Citinerarios y lecturas de un clásico\u201D. ¿Por qué nos damos cita afirmando que \u201CSujetos, disciplina y curriculum\u201D es un clásico? Quisiéramos ofrecer algunos argumentos al respecto.","palabras_clave":"PUIGGRÓS|VERGARA|HISTORIOGRAFÍA EDUCATIVA|SISTEMA EDUCATIVO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112569,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A method for computing the damage level due to the exposure to an airborne chemical with a time-varying concentration","resumen":"The calculation of damage level due to the exposure to a toxic cloud is usually not included in most popular software, or it is included using techniques that do not take into account the variation in concentration over a period of time. In this work, a method is introduced for  calculating the temporal evolution of the potential damage level and to obtain a more precise and descriptive estimation of this level. The proposed goal is:  ? to estimate the maximum and minimum damage level experienced by a population due to the exposure to an airborne chemical with a time-varying concentration;  ? to be able to assess the damage level experienced in a progressive way, as the exposure to the airborne chemical occurs.  The method relies on transformations of time-concentration pairs on a continuum of damage level curves based on the available guideline levels, obtaining maximum and minimum approximations of the expected damage level for any exposure duration. Consequently, applying this method to transport model output data and demographic information, damage  evolution in relation to time and space can be predicted, as well as its effect on the local population, which enables the determination of threat zones. The comparison between the proposed method and the current (Spanish and ALOHA) ones showed that the former can offer a more precise estimation and a more descriptive approach of the potential damage  level. This method can be used by atmospheric dispersion models to compute damage level and graphically display the regions exposed to each guideline level on area maps.","palabras_clave":"Acute exposure guideline levels|Acute toxicity|Damage differential coupling|TIme-varying concentration|Toxic chemical release"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112570,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cellular and molecular biology of glycosphingolipid glycosylation","resumen":"Brain tissue is characterized by its high glycosphingolipidcontent, particularly those containing sialic acid (gangliosides).As a result of this observation, brain tissue was a focus forstudies leading to the characterization of the enzymes participatingin ganglioside biosynthesis, and their participation indriving the compositional changes that occur in glycolipidexpression during brain development. Later on, this focusshifted to the study of cellular aspects of the synthesis, whichlead to the identification of the site of synthesis in the neuronalsoma and their axonal transport toward the periphery. In thisreview article, we will focus in subcellular aspects of thebiosynthesis of glycosphingolipid oligosaccharides, particularlythe mechanisms underlying the trafficking of glycosphingolipidglycosyltransferases from the endoplasmic reticulum to theGolgi, those that promote their retention in the Golgi and thosethat participate in their topological organization as part of thecomplex membrane bound machinery for the synthesis of glycosphingolipids.","palabras_clave":"Gangliosides|Glycosphingolipids|Glycosyltransferases|Golgi"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112571,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Impacto producido en la actividad turística por el incremento de días feriados en Argentina","resumen":"En Argentina comienza a visualizarse una tendencia similar a la observada a nivel mundial de incremento de la actividad turística en fines de semana durante los últimos años induciendo a establecer un nuevo calendario de feriados para el país atento al impacto deseable de tal medida. De tal modo en 2010 se dispuso dicho calendario para su aplicación en Argentina. En la finalidad de generar un creciente movimiento de turistas y por ende de divisas, sobre todo en aquellas ciudades cuya principal fuente de ingresos es la actividad económica basada en el turismo. De allí surge la inquietud por conocer cuál es la repercusión que en la actividad turística producen los días feriados de mayor duración en Buenos Aires, en este caso de cuatro días: 1) Carnaval; 2) Día Nacional de la Memoria por la Verdad y la Justicia y Feriado Puente; 3) Semana Santa; y 4) Día de la Inmaculada Concepción de María y Feriado Puente. Con ese propósito, en el presente estudio se hace referencia al tratamiento legal del tema, abocándose a efectuar una estimación de la cantidad de llegadas que involucran los períodos mencionados y del gasto que ellas generan para luego evaluar su impacto.","palabras_clave":"ACTIVIDADES TURISTICAS|TURISMO DE FIN DE SEMANA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112572,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structures behind the amyloid aggregation of alpha-synuclein: An NMR based approach","resumen":"The misfolding of proteins into a toxic conformation is proposed to be at the molecular foundation of a number of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases. Evidence that aloha-synuclein amyloidogenesis plays a causative role in the development of&nbsp; Parkinson\u2019s disease is furnished by a variety of genetic, neuropathological and biochemical studies. There is a major interest in understanding the structural and toxicity features of the various species populated along the aggregation pathway of this protein. The development of multidimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in liquid and solid state over the last decade has significantly increased the scope of molecules that are amenable for structural studies. The aim of this review is to provide a picture of how NMR tools were used in concert to decipher the structural and dynamic properties of the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein in its native, oligomeric, fibril and membrane-bound states. Understanding the structural and molecular basisbehind the aggregation pathway of alpha-synuclein is key to advance in the design of a therapeutic strategy.","palabras_clave":"amyloid|intrinsically disordered proteins|NMR spectroscopy|Parkinson's disease"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112573,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Myocardial Reperfusion Injury: Reactive Oxygen Species vs. NHE-1 Reactivation","resumen":"BACKGROUND\/AIMS:Flow restoration to ischemic myocardium reduces infarct size (IS), but it also promotes reperfusion injury. A burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and\/or NHE-1 reactivation were proposed to explain this injury. Our study was aimed to shed light on this unresolved issue.METHODS:Regional infarction (40 min-ischemia\/2 hs-reperfusion) was induced in isolated and perfused rat hearts. Maximal doses of N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (MPG 2mmol\/L, ROS scavenger), cariporide (10&#956;mol\/L, NHE-1 inhibitor), or sildenafil (1&#956;mol\/L, phosphodiesterase5A inhibitor) were applied at reperfusion onset. Their effects on IS, myocardial concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ERK1\/2, p90(RSK), and NHE-1 phosphorylation were analyzed.RESULTS:All treatments decreased IS &#8764; 50% vs. control. No further protection was obtained by combining cariporide or MPG with sildenafil. Myocardial TBARS increased after infarction and were decreased by MPG or cariporide, but unaffected by sildenafil. In line with the fact that ROS induce MAPK-mediated NHE-1 activation, myocardial infarction increased ERK1\/2, p90(RSK), and NHE-1 phosphorylation. MPG and cariporide cancelled these effects. Sildenafil did not reduce the phosphorylated ERK1\/2-p90(RSK) levels but blunted NHE-1 phosphorylation suggesting a direct dephosphorylating action.CONCLUSIONS:1) Reperfusion injury would result from ROS-triggered MAPK-mediated NHE-1 phosphorylation (and reactivation) during reperfusion; 2) sildenafil protects the myocardium by favouring NHE-1 dephosphorylation and bypassing ROS generation.","palabras_clave":"ROS|SILDENAFIL|REPERFUSION INJURY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112574,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Silencing of sodium\/hydrogen exchanger in the heart by direct injection of naked siRNA","resumen":"        Cardiac Na+\/H+ exchanger (NHE1)  hyperactivity is a central factor in cardiac remodeling following hypertension,  myocardial infarction, ischemia\/reperfusion injury, and heart failure.  Treatment of these pathologies by inhibiting NHE1 is challenging because  specific drugs that have been beneficial in experimental models were associated  with undesired side effects in clinical practice. In the present work, small  interference (si) RNA produced in vitro  to specifically silence NHE1 (siRNANHE1) was injected  once in vivo into the apex of the  left ventricular wall of mouse myocardium. After 48 h, left ventricular NHE1  protein expression was reduced in siRNANHE1-injected mice compared  to siRNASCRAMBLE (siRNASCR) by 33.2  ± 3.4% (n = 5; P &lt; 0.05).  Similarly, NHE1 mRNA levels were reduced by 20 ± 2.0%  (n = 4). At 72 h, siRNANHE1 spreading was evident from the decrease  in NHE1 expression in three portions of the myocardium (apex, medium, base).  NHE1 function was assessed based on maximal velocity of pHi recovery (dpHi\/dt)  after an ammonium prepulse-induced acidic load. Maximal dpHi\/dt was reduced to  14% in siRNANHE1-isolated left ventricular papillary muscles  compared to siRNASCR. In conclusion, only one injection  of naked siRNANHE1 successfully reduced NHE1 expression and activity  in the left ventricle. As has been previously suggested, extensive NHE1  expression reduction may indicate myocardial spread of siRNA molecules from the  injection site through gap junctions, providing a valid technique not only for  further research into NHE1 function but also for consideration as a potential  therapeutic strategy.","palabras_clave":"Na+\/H+ Exchanger|Myocardium|Silencing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112575,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of autocrine\/paracrine mechanisms in response to myocardial strain","resumen":"Myocardial strain triggers an autocrine\/paracrine mechanism known to participate in myocardial hypertrophy development. After the onset of stretch, there is a rapid augmentation in developed tension due to an increase in myofilament calcium sensitivity (the Frank Starling mechanism) followed by a gradual increase in tension over the next 10\u201315 min. This second phase is called the slow force response (SFR) to stretch and is known to be the result of an increase in calcium transient amplitude. In the present review, we will discuss what is known thus far about the SFR, which is the in vitro equivalent of the Anrep effect and the mechanical counterpart of the autocrine\/paracrine mechanism elicited by myocardial stretch. The chain of events triggered by myocardial stretch comprises: (1) release of angiotensin II, (2) release\/formation of endothelin, (3) NADPH oxidase activation and transactivation of the EGFR, (4) mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, (5) activation of redox-sensitive kinases, (6) NHE-1 hyperactivity, (7) increase in intracellular Na+ concentration, and (8) increase in Ca2+ transient amplitude through the Na+\/Ca2+ exchanger. The evidence for each step of the intracellular signaling pathway leading to the development of SFR and their relationship with the mechanisms proposed for cardiac hypertrophy development will be analyzed.","palabras_clave":"Stretch |Sodiumhydrogen exchange| Hypertrophy .| Angiotensin|Endothelin|Epidermal growth factor|Oxidative stress|Contractility"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112576,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Silencing of NHE-1 blunts the slow force response to myocardial stretch","resumen":"Myocardial stretch induces a biphasic force response: a first abrupt increase followed by a slow force response (SFR), believed to be the in vitro manifestation of the Anrep effect. The SFR is due to an increase in Ca²+ transient of unclear mechanism. We proposed that Na+\/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) activation is a key factor in determining the contractile response, but recent reports challenged our findings. We aimed to specifically test the role of the NHE-1 in the SFR. To this purpose small hairpin interference RNA capable of mediating specific NHE-1 knockdown was incorporated into a lentiviral vector (l-shNHE1) and injected into the left ventricular wall of Wistar rats. Injection of a lentiviral vector expressing a nonsilencing sequence (scramble) served as control. Myocardial NHE-1 protein expression and function (the latter evaluated by the recovery of pH(i) after an acidic load and the SFR) were evaluated. Animals transduced with l-shNHE1 showed reduced NHE-1 expression (45 ± 8% of controls; P < 0.05), and the presence of the lentivirus in the left ventricular myocardium, far from the site of injection, was evidenced by confocal microscopy. These findings correlated with depressed basal pH(i) recovery after acidosis [(max)dpH(i)\/dt 0.055 ± 0.008 (scramble) vs. 0.009 ± 0.004 (l-shNHE1) pH units\/min, P < 0.05], leftward shift of the relationship between J(H+) (H+ efflux corrected by the intrinsic buffer capacity), and abolishment of SFR (124 ± 2 vs. 101 ± 2% of rapid phase; P < 0.05) despite preserved ERK1\/2 phosphorylation [247 ± 12 (stretch) and 263 ± 23 (stretch l-shNHE1) % of control; P < 0.05 vs. nonstretched control], well-known NHE-1 activators. Our results provide strong evidence to propose NHE-1 activation as key factor in determining the SFR to stretch.","palabras_clave":"NHE1 Na+\/H+ exchanger|Myocardial|cardiac contractility|hypertrophy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112577,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vivo key role of reactive oxygen species and NHE-1 activation in determining excessive cardiac hypertrophy","resumen":"Growing in vitro evidence suggests NHE-1, a known target for reactive oxygen species (ROS), as a key mediator in cardiac hypertrophy (CH). Moreover, NHE-1 inhibition was shown effective in preventing CH and failure; so has been the case for AT1 receptor (AT1R) blockers. Previous experiments indicate that myocardial stretch promotes angiotensin II release and post-translational NHE-1 activation, however; in vivo data supporting this mechanism and its long-term consequences are scanty. In this work we thought to provide in vivo evidence linking AT1R with ROS and NHE-1 activation in mediating CH. CH was induced in mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). A group of animals was treated with the AT1R blocker losartan. Cardiac contractility was assessed by echocardiography and pressure-volume loop hemodynamics. After 7 weeks, TAC increased left ventricular (LV) mass by ~45% vs. sham and deteriorated LV systolic function. CH was accompanied by activation of the redox-sensitive kinase p90RSK with the consequent increase in NHE-1 phosphorylation. Losartan prevented p90RSK and NHE-1 phosphorylation, ameliorated CH and restored cardiac function despite decreased LV wall thickness and similar LV systolic pressures and diastolic dimensions (increased LV wall stress). In conclusion, AT1R blockade prevented excessive oxidative stress, p90RSK and NHE-1 phosphorylation, and decreased CH independently of hemodynamic changes. In addition, cardiac performance improved despite a higher work load.","palabras_clave":"ROS|NHE-1|HYPERTROPHY|LOSARTAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112578,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aldosterone stimulates the cardiac Na(+)\/H(+) exchanger via transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor.","resumen":"The use of antagonists of the mineralocorticoid receptor in the treatment of myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure has gained increasing importance in the last years. The cardiac Na(+)\/H(+) exchanger (NHE-1) upregulation induced by aldosterone could account for the genesis of these pathologies. We tested whether aldosterone-induced NHE-1 stimulation involves the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Rat ventricular myocytes were used to measure intracellular pH with epifluorescence. Aldosterone enhanced the NHE-1 activity. This effect was canceled by spironolactone or eplerenone (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists), but not by mifepristone (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) or cycloheximide (protein synthesis inhibitor), indicating that the mechanism is mediated by the mineralocorticoid receptor triggering nongenomic pathways. Aldosterone-induced NHE-1 stimulation was abolished by the EGFR kinase inhibitor AG1478, suggesting that is mediated by transactivation of EGFR. The increase in the phosphorylation level of the kinase p90(RSK) and NHE-1 serine703 induced by aldosterone was also blocked by AG1478. Exogenous epidermal growth factor mimicked the effects of aldosterone on NHE-1 activity. Epidermal growth factor was also able to increase reactive oxygen species production, and the epidermal growth factor-induced activation of the NHE-1 was abrogated by the reactive oxygen species scavenger N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine, indicating that reactive oxygen species are participating as signaling molecules in this mechanism. Aldosterone enhances the NHE-1 activity via transactivation of the EGFR, formation of reactive oxygen species, and phosphorylation of the exchanger. These results call attention to the consideration of the EGFR as a new potential therapeutic target of the cardiovascular pathologies involving the participation of aldosterone.","palabras_clave":"CARDIAC MYOCYTES|NHE|ALDOSTERONE|EGFR|TRANSACTIVATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112579,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mineralocorticoid receptor activation is crucial in the signalling pathway leading to the Anrep effect","resumen":"The increase in myocardial reactive oxygen species after epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation is a crucial step in the autocrine\/paracrine angiotensin II\/endothelin receptor activation leading to the slow force response to stretch (SFR). Since experimental evidence suggests a link between angiotensin II or its AT1 receptor and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and MR transactivates the epidermal growth factor receptor, we thought to determine whether MR activation participates in the SFR development in rat myocardium. We show here that MR activation is necessary to promote reactive oxygen species formation by a physiological concentration of angiotensin II (1 nmol l(-1)), since an increase in superoxide anion formation of ~50% of basal was suppressed by blocking MR with spironolactone or eplerenone. This effect was also suppressed by blocking AT1, endothelin (type A) or epidermal growth factor receptors, by inhibiting NADPH oxydase or by targeting mitochondria, and was unaffected by glucocorticoid receptor inhibition. All interventions except AT1 receptor blockade blunted the increase in superoxide anion promoted by an equipotent dose of endothelin-1 (1 nmol l(-1)) confirming that endothelin receptors activation is downstream of AT1. Similarly, an increase in superoxide anion promoted by an equipotent dose of aldosterone (10 nmol l(-1)) was blocked by spironolactone or eplerenone, by preventing epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, but not by inhibiting glucocorticoid receptors or protein synthesis, suggesting non-genomic MR effects. Combination of aldosterone plus endothelin-1 did not increase superoxide anion formation more than each agonist separately. We found that aldosterone increased phosphorylation of the redox-sensitive kinases ERK1\/2-p90RSK and the NHE-1, effects that were eliminated by eplerenone or by preventing epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation. Finally, we provide evidence that the SFR is suppressed by MR blockade, by preventing epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation or by scavenging reactive oxygen species, but it is unaffected by glucocorticoid receptor blockade or protein synthesis inhibition. Our results suggest that MR activation is a necessary step in the stretch-triggered reactive oxygen species-mediated activation of redox-sensitive kinases upstream NHE-1.PMID: 22174146 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID: PMC3286685 [Available on 2012\/12\/15] ","palabras_clave":"Mineralocorticoid receptor|Anrep effect|NHE-1|superoxide anion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112580,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pleiotrophin over-expression provides trophic support to dopaminergic neurons in parkinsonian rats","resumen":"&nbsp;Research article       Pleiotrophin over-expression provides trophic support to dopaminergic   neurons in parkinsonian rats        Irene RE Taravini, Mariela   Chertoff, Eduardo G Cafferata, Jose   Courty, Mario G Murer, Fernando J   Pitossi and Oscar S Gershanik     Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011, 6:40&nbsp;doi:10.1186\/1750-1326-6-40Published: 7 June 2011       Abstract (provisional)    Background    Pleiotrophin is known to promote the survival and differentiation of   dopaminergic neurons in vitro and is up-regulated in the substantia nigra of   Parkinson´s disease patients. To establish whether pleiotrophin has a trophic   effect on nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in vivo, we injected a recombinant   adenovirus expressing pleiotrophin in the substantia nigra of 6-hydroxydopamine   lesioned rats.     Results    The viral vector induced pleiotrophin over-expression by astrocytes in the   substantia nigra pars compacta, without modifying endogenous neuronal   expression. The percentage of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells as well   as the area of their projections in the lesioned striatum was higher in   pleiotrophin-treated animals than in controls.     Conclusions    These results indicate that pleiotrophin over-expression partially rescues   tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cell bodies and terminals of dopaminergic   neurons undergoing 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration.     ","palabras_clave":"Pleiotrophin|Parkinson|viral vector"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112581,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impaired expression and distribution of adherens and gap junction proteins in the seminiferous tubules of rats undergoing autoimmune orchitis","resumen":"Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is characterized by an interstitiallymphomononuclear cell in&#64257;ltration and a severe lesion of seminiferous tubules(ST) with germ cells that undergo apoptosis and sloughing. The aim of thisstudy was to analyse the expression and localization of adherens junction (AJ)proteins: N-cadherin, alpha-,beta- and p120 catenins and gap junction protein, connexin43 (Cx43), to explore some aspects of germ-cell sloughing during thedevelopment of orchitis. EAO was induced in Sprague-Dawley adult rats byactive immunization with testicular homogenate and adjuvants. Control rats(C) were injected with saline solution and adjuvants. Concomitant with earlysigns of germ-cell sloughing, we observed by immuno&#64258;uorescence and Westernblot, a delocalization and a signi&#64257;cant increase in N-cadherin and alpha-cateninexpression in the ST of EAO compared with C rats. In spite of this increasedAJ protein expression, a severe germ-cell sloughing occurred. This is probablydue to the impairment of the AJ complex function, as shown by the loss ofN-cadherin&#8260;beta-catenin colocalization (confocal microscopy) and increasedpY654 beta-catenin expression, suggesting lower af&#64257;nity of these two proteins andincreased pERK1&#8260;2 expression in the testis of EAO rats. The signi&#64257;cantdecrease in Cx43 expression detected in EAO rats suggests a gap junction functionimpairment also contributing to germ-cell sloughing.","palabras_clave":"TESTIS|GERM CELLS|IMMUNOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112582,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Testicular autoimmunity","resumen":"Although the testis is an immunoprivileged organ, infection and inflammation may overwhelm immunosuppressor mechanisms inducing autoimmune reactions against spermatic antigens which resultin aspermatogenesis and infertility. Autoimmune orchitis is a model of chronic inflammation useful for elucidating pathogenic mechanisms involved in testicular damage. We developed experimental autoimmuneorchitis (EAO) in rats by active immunization with spermatic antigens and adjuvants characterized byinterstitial inflammatory cell infiltrate, apoptosis and sloughing of germ cells. Quantitative and phenotypic analysis of testis-infiltrating cells revealed an increased number of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cell subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.analysis of testis-infiltrating cells revealed an increased number of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cell subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.elucidating pathogenic mechanisms involved in testicular damage. We developed experimental autoimmuneorchitis (EAO) in rats by active immunization with spermatic antigens and adjuvants characterized byinterstitial inflammatory cell infiltrate, apoptosis and sloughing of germ cells. Quantitative and phenotypic analysis of testis-infiltrating cells revealed an increased number of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cell subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.analysis of testis-infiltrating cells revealed an increased number of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cell subsets that include effector Th1 and Th17 cells as well as Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Immune cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, which disrupt the normal testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines.testicular immunosuppressor microenvironment. As a consequence, increased numbers of germ cellsexpressing TNFR1, IL-6R and Fas undergo apoptosis. Functional analysis shows that dendritic cells in EAOtestis have a mature immunogenic status and are able to induce immune responses to testicular antigens. Wealso observed that Tregs accumulated in the inflamed testis are functionally suppressive but are unable to downregulate inflammation, probably due to the function limiting effect of pro-inflammat","palabras_clave":"TESTICULAR INFLAMMATION|CYTOKINES|MACROPHAGES|DENDRITIC CELLS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112583,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CD4 and CD8 T cells producing Th1 and Th17 cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune orchitis.","resumen":"Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is a useful model to study chronic testicular inflammation and infertility. EAO is characterized by severe damage of seminiferous tubules with germ cells that undergo apoptosis and sloughing. We previously reported an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells in the testes of rats with EAO. Since cytokine patterns determine T cell effector functions, in the present work we analyzed the cytokines expressed by these cells during disease development. By flow cytometry, we detected an increase in the number of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and interferon-gamma (IFNG)-producing CD4+ T cells in the testis at EAO onset. As the severity of the disease progressed, these cells declined while CD8+ T cells producing TNF and IFNG increased, with the predominance of IFNG expression. As a novel finding, we identified by immunofluorescence CD4+ interleukin 17 (IL17)+ and CD8+ IL17+ cells in the testes of EAO rats, with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells predominating at the onset and in the chronic phase of EAO respectively. Moreover, IL17 (western blot) and IL23 content (ELISA) increased in EAO, with maximum levels in the chronic phase. These results suggest the involvement of CD4+ T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 subsets as co-effector cells governing EAO onset, as well as the central contribution of CD8+ T cells producing Th1 and Th17 cytokines in the maintenance of chronic inflammation. The expression of T-bet and ROR-ãt (western blot) in the testis over the course of disease also supports the presence of Th1 and Th17 cells in the testes of EAO rats.","palabras_clave":"EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ORCHITIS|TH1|TH17"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112584,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Identification of galectins as novel regulators of platelet signaling and function","resumen":"Platelet activation at sites of vascular injury leads to the   formation of a hemostatic plug. Activation of platelets is therefore   crucial for normal hemostasis. However, uncontrolled platelet activation   may also lead to the formation of occlusive thrombi that can cause   ischemic events. Platelets can be activated by soluble molecules   including thrombin, TXA(2) , adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and serotonin   or by adhesive extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as von   Willebrand factor and collagen. In this article, we review recent   advances on the role of galectins in platelet physiology. By acting in   either soluble or immobilized form, these glycan-binding proteins   trigger platelet activation through modulation of discrete signaling   pathways. We also offer new hypotheses and some speculations about the   role of platelet-galectin interactions not only in hemostasis and   thrombosis but also in inflammation and related diseases such as   atherosclerosis and cancer. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(7): 521-527,   2011.","palabras_clave":"PLAQUETAS|GALECTINAS|MATRIZ EXTRACELULAR|INFLAMACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112585,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reduction of an afterhyperpolarization current increases excitability in striatal cholinergic interneurons in rat Parkinsonism","resumen":"Striatal cholinergic interneurons show tonic spiking activity in the intact and sliced brain, which stems from intrinsic mechanisms. Because of it, they are also known as ´tonically active neurons´ (TANs). Another hallmark of TAN electrophysiology is a pause response to appetitive and aversive events and to environmental cues that have predicted these events during learning. Notably, the pause response is lost after the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson?s disease. Moreover, Parkinson´s disease patients are in a hypercholinergic state and find some clinical benefit in anticholinergic drugs. Current theories propose that excitatory thalamic inputs conveying information about salient sensory stimuli trigger an intrinsic hyperpolarizing response in the striatal cholinergic interneurons. Moreover, it has been postulated that the loss of the pause response in Parkinson´s disease is related to a diminution of IsAHP , a slow outward current that mediates an afterhyperpolarization following a train of action potentials. Here we report that IsAHP induces a marked spike-frequency adaptation in adult rat striatal cholinergic interneurons, inducing an abrupt end of firing during sustained excitation. Chronic loss of dopaminergic neurons markedly reduces IsAHP and spike-frequency adaptation in cholinergic interneurons, allowing them to fire continuously and at higher rates during sustained excitation. These findings provide a plausible explanation for the hypercholinergic state in Parkinson´s disease. Moreover, a reduction of IsAHP may alter synchronization of cholinergic interneurons with afferent inputs, thus contributing to the loss of the pause response in Parkinson´s disease.               ","palabras_clave":"STRIATUM|CHOLINERGIC INTERNEURONS|TONICALLY ACTIVE NEURONS|PARKINSON'S DISEASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112586,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular diversity of the Trypanosoma cruzi TcSMUG family of mucin genes and proteins","resumen":"The surface of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is covered by a dense coat of mucin-type glycoconjugates, which make a pivotal contribution to parasite protection and host immune evasion. Their importance is further underscored by the presence of >1000 mucin-like genes in the parasite genome. In the present study we demonstrate that one such group of genes, termed TcSMUG L, codes for previously unrecognized mucin-type glycoconjugates anchored to and secreted from the surface of insect-dwelling epimastigotes. These features are supported by the in vivo tracing and characterization of endogenous TcSMUG L products and recombinant tagged molecules expressed by transfected parasites. Besides displaying substantial homology to TcSMUG S products, which provide the scaffold for the major Gp35\/50 mucins also present in insect-dwelling stages of the T. cruzi lifecycle, TcSMUG L products display unique structural and functional features, including being completely refractory to sialylation by parasite trans-sialidases. Although quantitative real time-PCR and gene sequencing analyses indicate a high degree of genomic conservation across the T. cruzi species, TcSMUG L product expression and processing is quite variable among different parasite isolates.","palabras_clave":"trypanosoma cruzi|mucinas|smug"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112587,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Galectin-8 tandem-repeat structure is essential for T cell proliferation but not for co-stimulation","resumen":"Galectin-8 (Gal-8) is a tandem-repeat galectin containing N- and   C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domains with differential   glycan-binding specificity fused by a linker peptide. Gal-8 has two   distinct effects on T CD4 cells: at high concentrations induces   antigen-independent proliferation while at low concentrations   co-stimulates antigen-specific responses. Associated Gal-8 structural   requirements were dissected here. Recombinant homodimers N-N and C-C,   but not single C- or N-domains, induced proliferation; however, single   domains induced co-stimulation. These results point out that   tandem-repeat structure was essential only for the proliferative effect,   suggesting the involvement of lattice formation, while co-stimulation   could be mediated by agonistic interactions. In both cases, C-C chimera   displayed higher activity than Gal-8 indicating that the C-domain was   mainly involved as was further supported by the strong inhibition of   proliferation and co-stimulation in presence of blood group B antigen,   specifically recognized by this domain. Classic galectin-inhibitors   (lactose, thiodigalactoside) prevented proliferation but not   co-stimulatory activity, which was inhibited by   3-O-&#946;-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-arabinose. Interestingly, Gal-8 induced   proliferation of naïve human T CD4 cells, varying from non- to   high-responder individuals, while promoted cell death of   phytohemagglutinin or CD3\/CD28 pre-activated cells. Findings delineate   the differential molecular requirements for Gal-8 activities on T cells,   and disclose a dual activity relaying on activation state.","palabras_clave":"T cell activation|lattice formation|galectin-alternative inhibitors"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112588,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epidemiology of canine heartworm in its southern distribution limit in South America: Risk factors, inter-annual trend and spatial patterns","resumen":"This study was aimed at understanding some aspects of the canine   heartworm epidemiology in the southern distribution limit of the   parasite in South America. With this objective, 19298 blood samples of   owned dogs from 65 localities of 13 municipalities of Buenos Aires   Province were tested for Dirofilaria immitis circulating   microfilariae and\/or female antigens. The overall heartworm prevalence   was 1.63% by microhematocrit tube technique (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;19136), 3.65% by   modified Knott (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;713), and 14.41% by antigen test kit (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;118).   Microfilaremic dogs showed a median of 1933 microfilariae per millilitre   (q1&nbsp;=&nbsp;375, q3&nbsp;=&nbsp;5625, n&nbsp;=&nbsp;100). Male dogs belonging to breeds of short   hair and large size recorded significantly higher prevalences than the   other categories. Also, the prevalence increased significantly with the   age and only dogs younger than 12 months were not found infected. A   clear decreasing trend of the annual prevalence was observed during the   whole study period, from 3.91% in 2001 to 1.17% in 2006. D. immitis-infected   dogs were detected in 32 localities of 9 municipalities (prevalence   range: 0.2-6.7%). Generalized linear models were used to assess   associations between heartworm prevalence and environmental variables.   The resulting significant models were univariate and included variables   related with soil cover and human population density. The best model   predicted maximum heartworm prevalences around middle values of bare   soil cover, and lower at high and low covers. According to our analyses,   canine heartworm infection in urban temperate Argentina could be   described as relatively low, endemic, and spatially heterogeneous. Host   and environmental factors affecting heartworm transmission at local   level were identified and discussed.","palabras_clave":"canine heartworm|risk maps"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112589,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Community structure of ground-water breeding mosquitoes driven by land use in a temperate wetland of Argentina","resumen":"Wetlands havetraditionallybeenassociatedwithharbouringmosquitoes,buttheeffectofthelanduseon theircommunitieshasnotbeenthoroughlystudied.Wecharacterizedtheground-waterhabitatavail-ability andmosquitospeciesrichnessandcompositionduringayear-roundsurveyinthepredominantland uses(domesticareas,Salicaceaeplantations,secondaryforestsand Scirpus giganteus marshes) ofthe ParanáLowerDelta,Argentina.Eachlandusepresentedacharacteristicallydifferentnumber,com-position, anddiversityofground-waterhabitats,andharbouredmosquitoesthroughouttheyear.Nearlyhalf ofthe824habitatsexamined,consistingof10types,werepositiveforimmatures.Weidentified23species from7genera,with Culex and Ochlerotatus species accountingfor81.7%ofallsamples.Speciesrichness wassignificantlylowerinmarshesthanintheotherlanduses.Somespeciessuchas Culex dolosuss.l. and Ochlerotatus crinifer exhibited nohabitat-typerestrictions,while Uranotaenia nataliae and Mansoniaindubitans presented specifichabitatrequirements.Ourresultsstronglysuggestthatlandusewithintemperate wetlandsdrivesspeciesrichnessandcompositionofground-watermosquitocommunitiesthrough larvalhabitatavailability.","palabras_clave":"MOSQUITOS|HUMEDALES|DELTA|RIQUEZA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112590,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Environmental predictors of the occurrence of ground water mosquito immatures in the Paraná Lower Delta, Argentina","resumen":"Characterizing mosquito larval habitats is essential for understanding the complexinteractions between immatures and the biotic and abiotic components of their environment. Usinggeneralized linear mixed models, we studied the environmental predictors of the presence of threeubiquitous mosquito species breeding in ground water habitats in the Parana´ Lower Delta, Argentina. During a year-round survey, 34.1% of the 419 ground water habitats inspected were positive for either Culex dolosus s.l. (Lynch Arriba´lzaga 1891), Aedes crinifer (Theobald 1903), or Culex intrincatus Bre` thes 1916. Univariate analysis showed that the former two occurred throughout the year, whereas the latter during the summer and fall. Ae. crinifer and Cx. intrincatus were more frequently collected in secondary forests, whereas Cx. dolosus s.l. was homogeneously distributed among land uses. Best generalized linear mixed models included the sampling period and landscape variables in different combinations for each species. Spatial dependence of the data was evident for Cx. dolosus s.l. and Ae. crinifer. Our results showed that the most widespread species presented different spatio-temporal distribution patterns, related with land use, anthropic intervention, and seasonality, highlighting the complexity of the wetland under study. This methodological approach could aid in the selection of priority areas for vector control and disease risk management.","palabras_clave":"MOSQUITOS|DELTA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112591,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mosquito community structure in phytotelmata from a South American temperate wetland","resumen":"Plant-held waters, i.e. phytotelmata, are considered great model systems for the study of community ecology. The fauna of these natural container habitats, particularly the mosquitoes, wereextensively investigated in tropical regions but the current knowledge about them in temperate South America is scanty. We assessed the structure of immature mosquito communities in leaf axils, tree holes, and bamboo stumps from a temperate wetland of Argentina. A total of 4330 immature mosquitoes were collected among the 2606 phytotelmata inspected. Leaf axils of eight plant species and tree holes were acting as larval habitats for nine mosquito species belonging to the genus Culex, Wyeomyia, Isostomyia, and Toxorhynchites. The mosquito communities identified showed richness ranging from 1 to 4 species. Marked differences were detected in the plant specificity for the species collected. Some of them were exclusively found in one plant species (e.g. Isostomyia paranensis in Scirpus giganteus) whereas others were collected in up to five plant species but belonging to the same phytotelm class (i.e. leaf axils). Finally, those from tree holes are well-known dwellers of artificial containers and ground water habitats (e.g. Culex pipiens).Our results support the idea of low mosquito richness in phytotelmata from temperate regions in comparison with tropical areas, but the observed specificity patterns echo the findings oftropical forests.","palabras_clave":"MOSQUITO|COMMUNITY|DELTA|WETLAND"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112592,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"FURTHER STUDIES ON THE POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF ACETALDEHYDE ACCUMULATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT MAMMARY TISSUE IN THE ALCOHOL DRINKING PROMOTION OF BREAST CANCER","resumen":"There is available evidence supporting a positive association between alcohol intake and risk of breast cancer. However, there is limited information regarding possible mechanisms for this effect. Past studies from our laboratory suggest that acetaldehyde accumulation in mammary tissue after alcohol intake may be of particular relevance and that cytosolic and microsomal in situ bioactivation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and free radicals and the resulting stimulation of oxidative stress could be a significant early event related to tumor promotion. In the present studies repetitive alcohol drinking for 28 days was found to produce significant decreases in the mammary tissue content of GSH and alpha tocopherol and in glutathione S-transferase or glutathione reductase activities. In contrast, glutathione peroxidase activity was slightly increased. Malondialdehyde determinations did not evidence occurrence of lipid peroxidation while xylenol orange procedure gave positive results. Mammary microsomal metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde was not induced after an acute dose of ethanol or acetone able to induce the activity of its liver counterpart. Cytosolic pathway of alcohol metabolism instead was significantly enhanced by these two treatments. No increased generation of Comet images was found in either mammary tissue or in liver under the experimental conditions tested. Results suggest that while acetaldehyde accumulation in mammary tissue could be a critical event resulting from increasing production of acetaldehyde in situ plus an additional amount of it arriving via blood, other factors such as poor handling of the accumulated acetaldehyde could be also relevant. &nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"BREAST CANCER|ALCOHOL|ACETALDEHYDE|ETHANOL|OXIDATIVE STRESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112593,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Liquid Methanol Confined within Functionalized Silica Nanopores. 2. Solvation Dynamics of Coumarin 153","resumen":"Equilibrium and dynamical characteristics pertaining to the solvation of the fluorescent probe Coumarin 153 in liquid methanol confined within cylindrical silica pores are investigated using Molecular Dynamics techniques. Three kinds of pores are examined: (i)~Soft hydrophobic cavities, in which wall-solvent interactions were exclusively of the Lennard-Jones type; (ii)~Hydrophilic cavities, in which unsaturated Oxygen sites at the wall were transformed into hydroxyl groups and (iii)~Rugged pores, in which&nbsp; 60$%$ of the polar groups were transformed into bulkier and mobile trimethylsilyl moieties. Equilibrium solvation structures in the three pores differ considerably: In hydrophobic environments, the solute remains adsorbed to the pore wall, with its molecular plane mostly parallel to the interface. Upon hydroxylation, the solid interface becomes preferentially coated by methanol, leading to a bi-stable solvation state of the probe, with alternation of ``wall-like' and ``bulk-like' events.&nbsp; An increment in the interface roughness promotes a solvation structure characterized by the embedding of the probe within a wall domain surrounded by trimethylsilyl groups. In hydrophobic environments, the relevant dynamical modes ofthe probe can be cast in terms of in-the-wall rotations whereas in hydrophilic pores, out-of-the-wall evolutions are also present. The embedding of the probe at wall domains in more rugged pores, leads to restrained angular motions, with maximum amplitudes ofthe order of 20$^circ$. Results of early stages of the solvation response of the environment following a vertical excitation of the probe are also presented. During the initial 30 ps, we found no evidence of modifications in the spatial localizations of the probe. The overall responses are&nbsp; found to be between 2 and 4.5 times slower than the one observed in the bulk, being the fastest relaxation the one associated to rugged pores whereas the slowestone corresponds to hydrophilic cavities. These features are rationalized in terms of the composition of the first solvation shells and the local dynamical inhomogeneities prevailing within the different regions of the pores.","palabras_clave":"CONFINEMENT|SOLVATION DYNAMICS|LIQUIDS|MOLECULAR DYNAMICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112594,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Sensores para el seguimiento de la corrosión del acero en estructuras de hormigón armado","resumen":"Lasestructuras de hormigón armado se deterioran, fundamentalmente por la corrosiónde sus armaduras de acero.&nbsp; Por esemotivo, existe una necesidad de utilización de sensores que, permanentementeembebidos en las estructuras de hormigón armado, permitan conocer su estadodesde el punto de vista de la corrosión de las armaduras.&nbsp; Estos sensores le indican al especialista quéocurre dentro de la estructura y le permiten tomar decisiones concernientes aestrategias de mitigación de la degradación.&nbsp;Como contrapartida, estos sensores son extremadamente caros, tanto porsu instrumentación como por las técnicas de recolección y análisis dedatos.&nbsp; En el presente trabajo sedescribe el desarrollo de sensores que permiten medir on-line determinadosparámetros que dan indicación del grado de corrosión del acero embebido en unaestructura de hormigón armado.&nbsp; Estosparámetros son: el potencial de corrosión y la densidad de corriente decorrosión de las armaduras, el flujo de oxígeno que alcanza las mismas, laresistencia eléctrica del hormigón, el contenido de cloruro y la temperaturainterna de la estructura.&nbsp; Dentro de estalínea de desarrollo, fue necesario fabricar y tipificar los distintoselectrodos y se ha desarrollado una interfase que permite conectar estossensores a una PC, y un software que maneja adecuadamente la informaciónobtenida. Estos sensores han sido instalados en diversas estructuras.&nbsp; Los resultados obtenidos son promisorios y seestá determinando su eficiencia a lo largo del tiempo. ","palabras_clave":"HORMIGON ARMADO |CORROSION|SENSORES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112595,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Remoción de estructuras ?no deseadas? en imágenes de medicina nuclear mediante inteligencia artificial y procesamiento digital de imágenes","resumen":"La obtención de imágenes en medicina nuclear se basa en la captación selectiva por parte de determinados órganos de los sistemas vivos, de radiofármacos administrados normalmente por vía intravenosa. Existe el inconveniente de que mientras éstos se concentran en órganos de interés para diferentes estudios, lo hacen también en otros que no sólo no intervienen en el diagnóstico sino que constituyen factores de degradación de las imágenes. Incluso en los equipos de última generación en los que es posible corregir los fenómenos de atenuación y radiación dispersa, no se resuelve el problema de la correcta visualización de las regiones estudiadas en la vecindad de otras de mayor importancia en tamaño e intensidad.   Se desarrolló un algoritmo para el caso particular de los estudios de perfusión miocárdica efectuados en SPECT con 99mTc-MIBI, que elimina de la imagen la presencia de fuentes no deseadas, en particular la captación hepática.  El camino elegido fue la aplicación de técnicas de inteligencia artificial (IA) y procesamiento digital de imágenes (PDI). Para ello se utilizaron distintas formas de determinación de bordes y segmentación de las imágenes, que permitieron el aislamiento de la región hepática y su tratamiento, para posteriormente efectuar la reconstrucción tomográfica del ventrículo izquierdo (VI) libre de la influencia de estas estructuras.  Los algoritmos fueron validados mediante su aplicación en un fantoma que reproduce la geometría del ventrículo izquierdo y la captación hepática. La aplicación en casos clínicos mostró la eficacia del procesamiento propuesto.   Tanto los métodos de determinación de bordes y  segmentación como las rutinas de IA para la identificación de las estructuras representativas del VI y el hígado mostraron ser adecuados.","palabras_clave":"ARTEFACTOS|PERFUSIÓN MIOCÁRDICA|SPECT|INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112596,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Leachates and elemental ratios of macrophytes and benthic algae of an Andean high altitude wetland","resumen":"    In wetlands, macrophytes and filamentous algae constitute an important carbon source for the total content of Dissolved Organic    Matter (DOM) of the environment. Mallín wetland meadows are highly diverse and rare habitats in Patagonia, that can be    characterized as wet meadows with a dense cover mainly dominated by herbaceous plants. We carried out a field study comparing    elemental composition (C:N:P) of benthic algae (Spirogyra sp. and Zygnema sp.) and the submerged macrophyte (Myriophyllum     quitense) from a high latitude wetland (local name: mallín). Besides we performed laboratory experiments in order to study the effect     of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.          of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.              quitense) from a high latitude wetland (local name: mallín). Besides we performed laboratory experiments in order to study the effect     of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.          of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.            Spirogyra sp. and Zygnema sp.) and the submerged macrophyte (Myriophyllum     quitense) from a high latitude wetland (local name: mallín). Besides we performed laboratory experiments in order to study the effect     of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.          of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.        ) from a high latitude wetland (local name: mallín). Besides we performed laboratory experiments in order to study the effect     of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the optical properties and nutrient release of DOM from leachates of these benthic algae and    submerged macrophyte. The obtained results indicated that macrophyte leachates could contribute significantly to changes in the    optical characteristics of the wetlands while benthic algae contribute with leachates with low photoreactivity. Finally, nutrient    release differs among plant species and season: benthic algae leachates release more P in spring, while M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.      this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.    M. quitense releases more of     this nutrient in autumn. These results suggested that the different colonization may contribute differentially to the chemical    environment of the wetland.  ","palabras_clave":"lixiviados|macrofitas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112597,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DESARROLLO DE UN REGISTRO NACIONAL DE ANOMALÍAS CONGÉNITAS EN ARGENTINA: ESTUDIO PILOTO DE FACTIBILIDAD","resumen":"RESUMEN. INTRODUCCIÓN: el Sistema de Estadísticas de Sa-lud de Argentina no registra datos sobre ocurrencia de anomalías congénitas (AC) en recién nacidos (RN). OBJETIVO: evaluar la confiabilidad de una nueva metodología de registro para el rele-vamiento de AC en nacidos vivos mediante su comparación con la estrategia de registro del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC). MÉTODOS: se utiliza-ron dos metodologías independientes de recolección de datos: el ECLAMC y un formulario especial anexado al Informe Estadístico de Hospitalización (F-IEH). En el F-IEH los neonatólogos consig-naron la presencia de AC en RN vivos y las describieron. RESUL-TADOS: Entre 18.491 RN vivos, se describieron 658 malformados en el ECLAMC (3,56%) y 587 en el F-IEH (3,17%); considerando sólo malformaciones mayores, la prevalencia fue 2,58% y 2,11%, respectivamente. Casi todas las categorías diagnósticas fueron más prevalentes en el ECLAMC que en el F-IEH. La confiabilidad, medida a través del Porcentaje de Concordancia Positiva (PCP), fue 62,2% para el total de casos con AC; 42,4%, para los casos con AC menores; y varió en un rango de 42,9%\u201388,9% entre di-ferentes categorías de AC mayores. CONCLUSIONES: el grado de concordancia entre el F-IEH y ECLAMC en la detección de AC fue mayor para las anomalías mayores que menores. Los diagnósti-cos fueron coincidentes en todos los casos detectados por ambas metodologías. Antes de extender el registro a escala nacional se recomienda capacitar a los neonatólogos para asegurar una ade-cuada detección de los casos","palabras_clave":"SISTEMAS DE INFORMACION|ANOMALIAS CONGENITAS|REGISTRO DE ANOMALIAS CONGENITAS|ESTADISTICAS HOSPITALARIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112598,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"INHIBITION OF RAT MAMMARY MICROSOMAL OXIDATION OF ETHANOL TO ACETALDEHYDE BY PLANT POLYPHENOLS","resumen":"We previously reported that the microsomal fraction from rat mammary tissue is able to oxidize ethanol to acetaldehyde, a mutagenic-carcinogenic metabolite, depending on the presence of NADPH and oxygen but not inhibited by carbon monoxide or other cytochrome P450 inhibitors. The process was strongly inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, a known inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, and by nordihydroguaiaretic acid, an inhibitor of lipoxygenases. This led us to suggest that both enzymes could be involved. With the purpose of identifying natural compounds present in food with the ability to decrease the production of acetaldehyde in mammary tissue, in the present studies, several plant polyphenols having inhibitory effects on lipoxygenases and of antioxidant nature were tested as potential inhibitors of the rat mammary tissue microsomal pathway of ethanol oxidation. We included in the present screening study 32 polyphenols having ready availability and that were also tested against the rat mammary tissue cytosolic metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde. Several polyphenols were also able to inhibit the microsomal ethanol oxidation at concentrations as low was 10-50 &#956;M. The results of these screening experiments suggest the potential of several plant polyphenols to prevent in vivo production and accumulation of acetaldehyde in mammary tissue.","palabras_clave":"ethanol|acetaldehyde|breast|mammary|plant polyphenols"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112599,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assessing the Progress of Rehabilitation in Patients with ACL Reconstruction Using the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form.","resumen":"There are numerous assessment tools designed to provide information on the results of reconstructive surgery of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). They are also used for monitoring progress and facilitating clinical decision-making during the rehabilitation process. A brief summary of some existing tools specifically designed to evaluate knee ligament injuries is presented in this article. Then, one of those outcome measures, the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC) was applied to a group of patients (N = 10) who had undergone surgery for ACL reconstruction. The patients attended the same physiotherapy service and followed a unified rehabilitation protocol. The assessment was performed twice: four and six months after surgery. The results showed an improvement in the rehabilitation of most patients tested (verified by a difference equal to or greater than 9 points on the IKDC outcome between measurements 1 and 2). The IKDC probed to be an instrument of quick and easy application. It provided quantitative data about the progress of rehabilitation and could be applied in everyday clinical physiotherapy practice. However, the results suggested considering the IKDC as one component of an evaluation kit to make decisions regarding the progress of the rehabilitation treatment. . ","palabras_clave":"IKDC|REHABILITATION|ACL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112600,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The soxRS response of Escherichia coli can be induced in the absence of oxidative stress and oxygen by modulation of NADPH contents","resumen":"The soxRS regulon protects Escherichia coli cells against superoxide and nitric oxide. Oxidationof the SoxR sensor, a [2Fe\u20132S]-containing transcriptional regulator, triggers the response, but thenature of the cellular signal sensed by SoxR is still a matter of debate. In vivo, the sensor ismaintained in a reduced, inactive state by the activities of SoxR reductases, which employNADPH as an electron donor. The hypothesis that NADPH levels affect deployment of the soxRSresponse was tested by transforming E. coli cells with genes encoding enzymes and proteins thatlead to either build-up or depletion of the cellular NADPH pool. Introduction of NADP+-reducingenzymes, such as wheat non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase orE. coli malic enzyme, led to NADPH accumulation, inhibition of the soxRS regulon and enhancedsensitivity to the superoxide propagator methyl viologen (MV). Conversely, expression of peaferredoxin (Fd), a redox shuttle that can oxidize NADPH via ferredoxin-NADP(H) reductase,resulted in execution of the soxRS response in the absence of oxidative stress, and in highertolerance to MV. Processes that caused NADPH decline, including oxidative stress and Fdactivity, correlated with an increase in total (NADP++NADPH) stocks. SoxS expression can beinduced by Fd expression or by MV in anaerobiosis, under conditions in which NADPH is oxidized but no superoxide can be formed. The results indicate that activation of the soxRS regulon in E. coli cells exposed to superoxide-propagating compounds can be triggered by depletion of theNADPH stock rather than accumulation of superoxide itself. They also suggest that bacteria needto finely regulate homeostasis of the NADP(H) pool to enable proper deployment of this defensiveresponse.I","palabras_clave":"ESCHERICHIA COLI|SOXRS|OXIDATIVE STRESS|NADPH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112601,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cyanobacterial flavodoxin complements ferredoxin deficiency in knocked-down transgenic tobacco plants","resumen":"Ferredoxins are the main electron shuttles in chloroplasts, accepting electrons from photosystem I and delivering them to essential oxido-reductive pathways in the stroma. Ferredoxin levels decrease under adverse environmental conditions in both plants and photosynthetic micro-organisms. In cyanobacteria and some algae, this decrease is compensated for by induction of flavodoxin, an isofunctional flavoprotein that can replace ferredoxin in many reactions. Flavodoxin is not present in plants, but tobacco lines expressing a plastid-targeted cyanobacterial flavodoxin developed increased tolerance to environmental stress. Chloroplast-located flavodoxin interacts productively with endogenous ferredoxin-dependent pathways, suggesting that its protective role results from replacement of stress-labile ferredoxin. We tested this hypothesis by using RNA antisense and interference techniques to decrease ferredoxin levels in transgenic tobacco. Ferredoxin-deficient lines showed growth arrest, leaf chlorosis and decreased CO 2 assimilation. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements indicated impaired photochemistry, over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and enhanced non-photochemical quenching. Expression of flavodoxin from the nuclear or plastid genome restored growth, pigment contents and photosynthetic capacity, and relieved the electron pressure on the electron transport chain. Tolerance to oxidative stress also recovered. In the absence of flavodoxin, ferredoxin could not be decreased below 45% of physiological content without fatally compromising plant survival, but in its presence, lines with only 12% remaining ferredoxin could grow autotrophically, with almost wild-type phenotypes. The results indicate that the stress tolerance conferred by flavodoxin expression in plants stems largely from functional complementation of endogenous ferredoxin by the cyanobacterial flavoprotein.","palabras_clave":"ferredoxin|flavodoxin|photosynthesis|transplastomic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112602,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An in vivo system involving co-expression of cyanobacterial flavodoxin and ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase confers increased tolerance to oxidative stress in plants","resumen":"Oxidative stress in plants causes ferredoxin down-regulation and NADP+ shortage, over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, electron leakage to oxygen and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Expression of cyanobacterial flavodoxin in tobacco chloroplasts compensates for ferredoxin decline and restores electron delivery to productive routes, resulting in enhanced stress tolerance. We have designed an in vivo system to optimize flavodoxin reduction and NADP+ regeneration under stress using a version of cyanobacterial ferredoxin?NADP+ reductase without the thylakoid-binding domain. Co-expression of the two soluble flavoproteins in the chloroplast stroma resulted in lines displaying maximal tolerance to redox-cycling oxidants, lower damage and decreased ROS accumulation. The results underscore the importance of chloroplast redox homeostasis in plants exposed to adverse conditions, and provide a tool to improve crop tolerance toward environmental hardships.","palabras_clave":"Flavodoxin|Ferredoxin-NADP reductase|Ferredoxin|Oxidative stress"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112603,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stress response of transgenic tobacco plants expressing a cyanobacterial ferredoxin in chloroplasts","resumen":"Expression of the chloroplast electron shuttle ferredoxin is induced by light through mechanisms that partially depend on sequences lying in the coding region of the gene, complicating its manipulation by promoter engineering. Ferredoxin expression is also down-regulated under virtually all stress situations, and it is unclear if light-dependent induction and stress-dependent repression proceed through the same or similar mechanisms. Previous reports have shown that expression of a cyanobacterial flavodoxin in tobacco plastids results in plants with enhanced tolerance to adverse environmental conditions such as drought, chilling and xenobiotics (Tognetti et al. in Plant Cell 18:2035-2050, 2006). The protective effect of flavodoxin was linked to functional replacement of ferredoxin, suggesting the possibility that tolerant phenotypes might be obtained by simply increasing ferredoxin contents. To bypass endogenous regulatory constraints, we transformed tobacco plants with a ferredoxin gene from Anabaena sp. PCC7120, which has only 53% identity with plant orthologs. The cyanobacterial protein was able to interact in vitro with ferredoxin-dependent plant enzymes and to mediate NADP(+) photoreduction by tobacco thylakoids. Expression of Anabaena ferredoxin was constitutive and light-independent. However, homozygous lines accumulating threefold higher ferredoxin levels than the wild-type failed to show enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress and chilling temperatures. Under these adverse conditions, Anabaena ferredoxin was down-regulated even faster than the endogenous counterparts. The results indicate that: (1) light- and stress-dependent regulations of ferredoxin expression proceed through different pathways, and (2) overexpression of ferredoxin is not an alternative to flavodoxin expression for the development of increased stress tolerance in plants.","palabras_clave":"FERREDOXIN|ANABAENA SP|OVEREXPRESSION|STRESS TOLERANCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112604,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The exposure of the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The \u201Chybrid\u201D detection mode combines the information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are used in both simulation and reconstruction.","palabras_clave":"UHECR Cosmic Rays| Pierre Auger Observatory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112605,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for first harmonic modulation in the right ascension distribution of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"We present the results of searches for dipolar-type anisotropies in different energy ranges above 2.5&nbsp;×&nbsp;10E17 eV with the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory, reporting on both the phase and the amplitude measurements of the first harmonic modulation in the right-ascension distribution. Upper limits on the amplitudes are obtained, which provide the most stringent bounds at present, being below 2% at 99% C.L. for EeV energies. We also compare our results to those of previous experiments as well as with some theoretical expectations.","palabras_clave":"ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS|ANISOTROPY|PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112606,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Advanced functionality for radio analysis in the Offline  software framework of the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"The advent of the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) necessitates the development of a powerful framework for the analysis of radio measurements of cosmic ray air showers. As AERA performs 'radio-hybrid' measurements of air shower radio emission in coincidence with the surface particle detectors and fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the radio analysis functionality had to be incorporated in the existing hybrid analysis solutions for fluorescence and surface detector data. This goal has been achieved in a natural way by extending the existing Auger Offline software framework with radio functionality. In this article, we lay out the design, highlights and features of the radio extension implemented in the Auger Offline framework. Its functionality has achieved a high degree of sophistication and offers advanced features such as vectorial reconstruction of the electric field, advanced signal processing algorithms, a transparent and efficient handling of FFTs, a very detailed simulation of detector effects, and the read-in of multiple data formats including data from various radio simulation codes. The source code of this radio functionality can be made available to interested parties on request. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"UHECR Cosmic Rays |Pierre Auger Observatory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112607,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Anisotropy and chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays using arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"The Pierre Auger Collaboration has reported evidence for anisotropy in the  distribution of arrival directions of the cosmic rays with energies  $E&gt;E_{th}=5.5\times 10^{19}$ eV. These show a correlation with the distribution  of nearby extragalactic objects, including an apparent excess around the  direction of Centaurus A. If the particles responsible for these excesses at  $E&gt;E_{th}$ are heavy nuclei with charge $Z$, the proton component of the  sources should lead to excesses in the same regions at energies $E\/Z$. We here  report the lack of anisotropies in these directions at energies above  $E_{th}\/Z$ (for illustrative values of $Z=6, 13, 26$). If the anisotropies  above $E_{th}$ are due to nuclei with charge $Z$, and under reasonable  assumptions about the acceleration process, these observations imply stringent  constraints on the allowed proton fraction at the lower energies.","palabras_clave":"ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS|COSMIC RAY EXPERIMENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112608,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Lateral Trigger Probability function for UHE Cosmic Rays Showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"In this paper we introduce the concept of Lateral Trigger Probability (LTP) function, i.e., the probability for an Extensive Air Shower (EAS) to trigger an individual detector of a ground based array as a function of distance to the shower axis, taking into account energy, mass and direction of the primary cosmic ray. We apply this concept to the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consisting of a 1.5&nbsp;km spaced grid of about 1600 water Cherenkov stations. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ultra-high energy showers the LTP functions are derived for energies in the range between 1017 and 1019&nbsp;eV and zenith angles up to 65°. A parametrization combining a step function with an exponential is found to reproduce them very well in the considered range of energies and zenith angles. The LTP functions can also be obtained from data using events simultaneously observed by the fluorescence and the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory (hybrid events). We validate the Monte Carlo results showing how LTP functions from data are in good agreement with simulations","palabras_clave":"Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays |Pierre Auger Observatory |Extensive air showers|Trigger performance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112609,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The effect of the geomagnetic field on cosmic ray energy estimates and large scale anisotropy searches on data from the Pierre Auger Observatory","resumen":"We present a comprehensive study of the influence of the geomagnetic field onthe energy estimation of extensive air showers with a zenith angle smaller than$60^\\circ$, detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The geomagnetic fieldinduces an azimuthal modulation of the estimated energy of cosmic rays up tothe ~2% level at large zenith angles. We present a method to account for thismodulation of the reconstructed energy. We analyse the effect of the modulationon large scale anisotropy searches in the arrival direction distributions ofcosmic rays. At a given energy, the geomagnetic effect is shown to induce apseudo-dipolar pattern at the percent level in the declination distributionthat needs to be accounted for.","palabras_clave":"ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS|COSMIC RAY EXPERIMENTS|COSMIC RAY DETECTORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112610,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El principio del fin o de cómo el peronismo cambió a ?La Prensa?. Un estudio del diario y su relación con la política.","resumen":"Se trata del resumen de mi tesis de maestría en la que se muestra cómo la relación de la prensa con la política cambió a partir del momento en el que Juan Domingo Perón se convirtió en candidato a presidente. La tesis de maestría titulada ?El principio del fin o de cómo el peronismo cambió a La Prensa. Un estudio del diario y su relación con la política.? pretende presentar un aporte interpretativo de esta relación.El análisis del diario, en este caso, se convierte en el foco central que permite iluminar un escenario más amplio. La elección del periódico La Prensa no es casual. Se eligió pensar la relación entre la prensa y la política a partir del que era el matutino más importante (con mayor tirada, con mayor cantidad de avisos publicitarios y con mayor intervención en los debates de la esfera pública) al momento en el que Perón accedió a la presidencia de la nación.","palabras_clave":"Tesis de maestria|Peronismo|Diario La Prensa|Elecciones"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112611,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Combination of CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides with recombinant ROP2 or GRA4 proteins induces protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii infection","resumen":"          Synthetic  oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG-ODN)  have been characterized as Th1-promoting immunopotentiators, an adjuvant  activity desirable for vaccination against intracellular parasites like Toxoplasma gondii. In an attempt to find  new antigen-adjuvant combinations that enhance the immunogenicity of antigen  candidates for toxoplasma vaccines, we analyzed the extent of protection in  mice immunized with ROP2 and GRA4 recombinant proteins when co-administered  with CpG-ODN. Both GRA4+CpG-ODN and ROP2+CpG-ODN  formulations were shown to induce a strong humoral Th1-biased response  characterized by a high IgG2a to IgG1 antibody ratio.  Both vaccination regimens led to increased secretion of  IFN-g and IL-10, and  negligible amounts of IL-4, upon specific re-stimulation of spleen cells from  these groups of mice. After a non-lethal challenge with  tissue cysts of a moderately virulent strain, only the brains from mice  vaccinated with ROP2 or GRA4 in combination with CpG-ODN showed a significant  reduction (63% and 62%, respectively) in their parasite load compared to the  controls. The rate of  protection obtained with GRA4+ROP2+CpG-ODN resulted equivalent (66%) to those  achieved with the single antigens plus CpG-ODN. Taken together, these results  indicate that CpG-ODN is an important candidate adjuvant for use in potential  multicomponent anti-T. gondii  vaccines for animals and humans.","palabras_clave":"Vaccine|T. gondii|ODN-CpG|Recombinant proteins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112612,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Plant Hsp90 proteins interact with B-cells and stimulate their proliferation","resumen":"          Background: The molecular chaperone  heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) plays an important role in folding stabilization  and activation of client proteins. Besides, Hsp90 of mammals and mammalian pathogens  displays immunostimulatory properties. Here, we investigated the role of  plant-derived Hsp90s as B-cell mitogens by measuring their proliferative  responses in vitro.           Methodology: Plant cytosolic Hsp90 isoforms  from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtHsp81.2)  and Nicotiana benthamiana (NbHsp90.3)  were expressed in E. coli. Over-expression  of recombinant plant Hsp90s (rpHsp90s) was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western  blot using and anti-AtHsp81.2 polyclonal anti-body. Both recombinant proteins were  purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and their identity confirmed by MALDI-TOF-TOF.  Recombinant AtHsp81.2 and NbHsp90.3 proteins induced prominent proliferative  responses in spleen cells form BALB\/c mice.Polymyxin-B, a potent inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), did not eliminate  the rpHsp90-induced proliferation. In addition, in vitro incubation of spleen cells with rpHsp90 led to the  expansion of CD19-bearing populations, suggesting a direct effect of these  proteins on B lymphocytes. This effect was confirmed by immunofluorescence  analysis, where a direct binding of rpHsp90 to B- but not to T-cells was observed in  cells from BALB\/c and C3H\/HeN mice. Finally, we examined the involvement of Toll  Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) molecules in the rpHsp90s induction of B-cell  proliferation. Spleen cells from C3H\/HeJ mice, which carry a point mutation in  the cytoplasmic region of TLR4, responded poorly to prAtHsp90. However, the  interaction between rpHsp90 and B-cells from C3H\/HeJ mice was not altered, suggesting  that the mutation on TLR4 would be affecting the signal cascade but not the rpHsp90-TLR4  receptor interaction.          Conclusions: Our results show for  the first time that spleen cell proliferation can be stimulated by a non-pathogen-derived  Hsp90. Furthermore, our data provide a new example of a non-pathogen-derived  ligand for TLRs.          &nbsp;        ","palabras_clave":"PLANT HSP90|IMMUNOSTIMULATORY PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112613,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Statistical optimization of influenza H1N1 production from batch cultures of suspension Vero cells (sVero)","resumen":"Efficient vaccine production requires the growth of large quantities of virus produced with high yield froma safe host system. Human influenza vaccines are produced in embryonated chicken eggs. However, overthe last decade many efforts have allowed the establishment of cell culture-derived vaccines.We generated a Vero cell line adapted to grow in suspension (sVero) in a serum-free medium andevaluated it for its potential as host cell for influenza vaccine production. Initially we studied the capacityof sVero cells to grow in the presence of incremental concentrations of trypsin. In comparison withadherent Vero cells (aVero), we found that sVero cells maintain their growth kinetics even with a threefoldincrease in trypsin concentration.The influence of the conditions of infection on the yield of H1N1 produced in serum-free suspensioncultures of sVero cells was investigated by a 22 full factorial experiment with center point. Each experimenttested the influence of the multiplicity of infection (m.o.i.) and trypsin concentration, on productionyields at two levels, in four possible combinations of levels and conditions, plus a further combination inwhich each condition was set in the middle of its extreme levels.On the basis of software analysis, a combination of m.o.i. of 0.0066 TCID50%\/cell and trypsin concentrationof 5  g\/1.0×106 cells with a desirability of 0.737 was selected as the optimized condition for H1N1production in sVero cells.Our results show the importance of proper selection of infection conditions for H1N1 production onsVero cells in serum-free medium.","palabras_clave":"INFLUENZA VIRUS|VACCINES|VERO CELLS|SUSPENSION CULTURE|OPTIMIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112614,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dual RNAs in plants","resumen":"Plants have remarkable developmental plasticity, and the same genotype can result in different phenotypes depending on environmental variation. Indeed, abiotic stresses or biotic interactions affect organogenesis and post-embryonic growth and significantly affect gene regulation. The large diversity of non-protein-coding RNAs (npcRNAs) and genes containing only short open reading frames that are expressed during plant growth and development, contribute to the regulation of gene expression. Certain npcRNAs code for oligopeptides and may possess additional biological activity linked to the RNA moiety.The ENOD40 gene is a dual RNA that is activated during a symbiotic interaction leading to root nodule organogenesis. Both the oligopeptides encoded by ENOD40 and the structured regions of the ENOD40 RNA have been shown to interact with different proteins in the cell to control enzymatic activities or induce the relocalisation of ribonucleoproteins, respectively. Other npcRNAs encode for small signalling peptides or are the precursors of small RNAs involved in post-transcriptional or transcriptional gene silencing. They may have RNA-related activities or encode peptides (or even larger proteins), and therefore act as dual RNAs. In addition, long natural antisense RNAs with a coding function and a regulatory RNA-mediated action that are expressed in response to abiotic stress in plants have been identified. In certain cases, these RNAs lead to the synthesis of nat-siRNAs, that are small RNAs derived from the overlapping double-stranded RNA region of natural antisense RNAs, which facilitates the silencing of complementary mRNAs. Finally, the advent of deep sequencing technologies has identified a large number of non-protein-coding RNAs in plants, which could be a large reservoir for dual RNAs.","palabras_clave":"PLANT DEVELOPMENT|DUAL RNA|NON PROTEIN CODING RNA |PEPTIDES|ANTISENSE RNA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112615,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation and characterization of a subset of erythropoietin glycoforms with cytoprotective but minimal erythropoietic activity","resumen":"Although historically used for the treatment of anemia, erythropoietin (EPO) has emerged as a neurotrophic and neuroprotective agent in different conditions of neuronal damage (traumatic brain injury, ischemia, spinal cord compression, peripheral neuropathy, retinal damage, epilepsy, Parkinson?s Disease, among others. Nonetheless, EPO?s therapeutic application is limited due to its hematological side-effects.  With the aim of obtaining EPO derivatives resembling the hormone isolated from cells and tissues of neural origin, a novel combination of less acidic EPO glycoforms -designated as neuroepoetin (rhNEPO)- was purified to homogeneity from the supernatant of a CHO-producing cell line by a four-step chromatographic procedure. This simple and single process allowed us to prepare two EPO derivatives with distinct therapeutic expectations: the hematopoietic version and a minimally hematopoietic, but mainly in vitro cytoprotective, alternative. Further biological characterization showed that the in vivo erythropoietic activity of rhNEPO was 25-times lower than that of rhEPO. Interestingly, using different in vitro cytoprotective assays we found that this molecule exerts cytoprotection equivalent to, or better than, that of rhEPO in cells of neural phenotype. Furthermore, despite its shorter plasma half-life, rhNEPO was rapidly absorbed and promptly detected in the cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous administration in rats (5 min post-injection, in comparison with 30 min for rhEPO). Therefore, our results support the study of neuroepoetin as a potential drug for the treatment of neurological diseases, combining high cytoprotective activity with reduced hematological side-effects.","palabras_clave":"ERYTHROPOIETIN|ISOFORMS|CYTOPROTECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112616,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular phylogeography of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans in Argentina.","resumen":"Triatoma infestans is the main vector of Chagas´ disease in South America between latitudes 10°S and 46°S. A multilocus microsatellite data set of 836 individuals from 27 populations of T. infestans, from all its range of distribution in Argentina, was analyzed. Our results favor the hypothesis of two independent migration events of colonization in Argentina and secondary contacts. The majority of the populations of the western provinces of Catamarca, La Rioja, San Juan and the west of Cordoba province, had almost no shared ancestry with the rest of the populations analyzed. Probably those populations, belonging to localities close to the Andean region, could have been established by the dispersal line of T. infestans that would have arrived to Argentina through the Andes, whereas most of the rest of the populations analyzed may have derived from the dispersal line of T. infestans in non-Andean lowlands. Among them, those from the provinces of Formosa, Chaco, Santiago del Estero and Santa Fe shared different percentages of ancestry and presented lower degree of genetic differentiation. The migratory movement linked to regional economies and possibly associated with passive dispersal, would allow a higher genetic exchange among these populations of T. infestans. This study, using microsatellite markers, provides a new approach for evaluating the validity of the different hypotheses concerning the evolutionary history of this species. Two major lineages of T. infestans, an Andean and non-Andean, are suggested. ","palabras_clave":"Triatoma infestans, CHAGAS' DISEASE VECTOR IN  ARGENTINA|PHYLOGEOGRAFY|MICROSATELITES| TWO MAJOR  LINEAGES OF T.infestans ARE SUGGESTED"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112617,"idioma_id":6,"titulo":"Clairs-obscurs de la structure sociale. Tendances en contrepoint dans l'Argentine du XXIe siècle","resumen":"La revista está indexada en Persee en Francia y en Latindex catálogo, además de ser la revista de estudios latinoamericanos más importante en lengua francesa.  Desde el golpe de Estado de 1976, y sobre todo desde las reformas de los 90, la sociedad argentina se tornó más desigual y fragmentada. Sin cuestionar esta evolución general, confirmada por los clásicos indicadores de ingresos y empleo, el artículo propone observar algunas tendencias que, en el mismo período, operan en el sentido contrario: la expansión de la cobertura educativa, el mayor acceso de los sectores populares al consumo y la persistencia de movilidad social ascendente, aunque limitada. Así, la sociedad argentina presenta tendencias contrapuestas: algunas hacia un incremento sostenido de la desigualdad y la permanencia de la exclusión y otras hacia una disminución de las mismas. El artículo intenta contribuir a elaborar un cuadro más completo de la estructura social dando cuenta de estos matices y complejidades.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINE|STRUCTURE SOCIALE|KIRCHNER|PROBLEME SOCIAUX"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112618,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"LA EXTENSIÓN DEL SENTIMIENTO DE INSEGURIDAD EN AMÉRICA LATINA - RELATOS, ACCIONES Y POLÍTICAS EN EL CASO ARGENTINO","resumen":"La revista Sociologia e Politica está indexada en las principales bases internacionales,entre ellas Scopus, Scielo, C S A Political Science & Government Abstracts, CLASE. Citas Latinoamericanas en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Latindex catálogo, . Dataíndice: Banco de Dados Bibliográficos HAPI. Hispanic American Periodicals Index, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, International Political Science, Abstracts\/Documentation Politique Internationale, Political Science Abstracts, Red ALyC -Social Services Abstracts  Sociological Abstracts, Ulrich´s International Periodicals Directory           La preocupación por el delito se ha extendido en toda América Latina. Además de presentar los resultados  de una investigación realizada en la Argentina con métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos, este artículo intenta contribuir a la comparación con procesos similares en otros países de la región. La idea central es que la generalización del sentimiento de inseguridad produce consecuencias en el plano de los imaginarios, lo que se llamará relatos de la inseguridad y de las prácticas sociales, la gestión de la inseguridad. Asimismo, se modifica la asociación exclusiva entre temor y autoritarismo, forjadas cuando la inseguridad era inquietud de una minoría. Una serie de paradojas centrales en este campo de estudio en el mundo anglosajón, esto es, el enigma de porqué los grupos menos victimizados son en apariencias los más temerosos, se revisan para el caso argentino.","palabras_clave":"DELITO|TEMOR|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112619,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lactic acid bacteria isolated from young calves - Characterization and potential as probiotics","resumen":".","palabras_clave":"."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112620,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biostabilization of sediments by microbial mats in a temperate siliciclastic tidal flat, Bahia Blanca estuary (Argentina)","resumen":"Extensive microbial mats have been found in the siliciclastic tidal flats of the temperate Bahía Blanca estuary in the Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Several microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) occur especially in the upper intertidal and lower supratidal flats, among which the most conspicuous are erosional pockets, gas domes, microbial mat chips, and polygonal oscillation cracks. Biostabilization processes by epibenthic and endobenthic mats are also analyzed. Endobenthic mats occur in the upper intertidal area stabilizing ripples that despite the occurrence of severe storms persist in a fixed position for at least 2 months. Epibenthic mats occurring in the lower supratidal area also protect the substrate forming a thick microbial cover through the studied period. This thick cover was only affected by a strong storm thatformed areas with erosional pockets and mat pieces. Nevertheless, the loose sediment within the erosional pockets was quickly colonized by microorganisms that developed a thin biofilm layer after a week. Changes in sediment accumulation were also recorded all over the upper tidal flat during a year, showing an important increase due to bioturbation activities of crabs. This situation also affected microbial mat growth, which evolved from a thin microbial biofilm into a thick, stratified microbial mat community in almost 2 years, mainly in the lower supratidal areas. The results of this study not only help us to better characterize the complex interactions between the microorganisms forming microbial mats, the tidal-flat sediment and the physical parameters that control this setting, but also have important implications for the understanding of analogous fossil sedimentary successions.","palabras_clave":"Benthic microbiota|Biotic-physical sediment dynamics|Tidal zone|Extracellular polymeric substances"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112621,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Coarse-grained sediment waves in hyperpycnal clinoform systems, Miocene of the Austral foreland basin, Argentina","resumen":"In this paper we present an outcrop example of coarse-grained sediment waves generated by hyperpycnal discharges at the toe of Miocene clinoform systems exposed in the northeast Atlantic coast of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. An individual set of these sediment waves is formed during the waxing and waning phases of the hyperpycnal discharge. During the waxing phase, accumulation of coarse-grained sediments with generation and migration of dune bedforms occurs at the base of the clinoforms. These deposits show transitions of tractive sedimentary structures with evidence of bedload transport, and a continuous reworking by the overpassing hyperpycnal fl ow. The continued erosion and reworking during the waxing phase affect mainly the top and the stoss side of the dunes, resulting in isolated lenses having upcurrent aggradation structures. During the waning phase, these isolated lenses are covered by fine-grained heterolithic strata that are thicker on the stoss side than on the lee side, constituting a differential draping. The pulsating and sustained character of the hyperpycnal flows and the steep depositional slope clinoforms controlled the stacking pattern of the coarse-grained sediment waves during successive hyperpycnal events. In this way, small-scale, coarse-grained sediment waves, with wavelengths of 10?40 m and up to 5 m amplitude, and a stacking pattern showing an up-current growth, are generated by high-density hyperpycnal fl ows on slopes having steep gradients.","palabras_clave":"sediment waves|Austral Basin|hiperpicnitas|Tierra del Fuego"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112622,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dieta del Ñandú Rhea americana (Aves: Rheidae) en el Parque Nacional Mburucuyá, Argentina","resumen":"Se brinda información sobre la dieta del Ñandú (Rhea americana), en el Parque Nacional Mburucuyá, provincia de Corrientes (Argentina), obtenida a través del análisis de heces. Veintiséis especies de plantas pertenecientes a 14 familias fueron registradas como parte de la dieta de R. americana. De ellas, el 75% correspondió a eudicotiledóneas y el 25% restante a monocotiledóneas. Las estructuras vegetales consumidas fueron principalmente frutos carnosos, presentes en 61% de las heces y hojas, en 35% de las mismas. De los frutos, los más consumidos fueron los de la palmera Butia yatay, registrados en 53% de las heces. Los principales componentes de la fracción animal fueron los artrópodos y de ellos, los insectos. Se hallaron restos de escamas de serpientes en una de las muestras y también vértebras y fragmentos de huesos. Los resultados indican que esta especie es principalmente frugívora-folívora y los artrópodos y otros animales son un componente secundario de su dieta.","palabras_clave":"RHEA AMERICANA|FRUGIVORÍA|FOLIVORÍA|PARQUE NACIONAL MBURUCUYÁ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112623,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Risk ranking of multiple-POPs in detritivorous fish from the Rio de la Plata","resumen":"To evaluate the focusing potential of fish detritivory, a comprehensive set &nbsp;of organic pollutants (n= 213) including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin like &nbsp;PCBs (dlPCBs), chlorinated pesticides (CHLPs), chlorobenzenes (CBzs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins and furans (PCDD\/F), resolved (ALI) and unresolved aliphatic hydrocarbons (UCM) and linear alkyl benzenes (LABs) were analyzed in Sábalo fish (Prochilodus lineatus) collected in the polluted Metropolitan Buenos Aires coast and in migrating specimens. Fatty fish muscles (lipids: 74±9.3% dry weight) contained homogeneous (24-51% variability) and very high concentrations of organic pollutants ranging from 60-1300 µg g-1 fresh weight (fw) ALI+UCM; 10-40 µg g-1 fw LABs and PCBs; 0.1-1 µg g-1 &nbsp;fw dlPCBs, DDTs, Chlordanes, CBzs and PBDEs; 0.01-0.1 µg g-1 fw mirex, endosulfans, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and 0.07-0.2 ng g-1 &nbsp;PCDD\/F. Total toxicity equivalents (TEQs) ranged from 60 to 395 pg g-1 fw (34±17 and 213±124 pg g-1 TEQs for PCDD\/F and dlPCBs respectively). These are among the highest concentrations reported for fish and point out the remarkable ability of Sábalo to feed on anthropogenic organic-enriched particles and tolerate a high pollutant load. Contaminant signatures show partial alteration with still abundant lower molecular weight components indicating that fish feeds directly in the outfalls. Consumption limits based on reference doses ranged from 0.1 (PCBs) to &gt; 12000 g day-1 (Endosulfan) allowing a risk-based ranking of contaminants. These results confirm that fish detritivory is a critical focusing pathway of persistent pollutants with direct outcomes for human populations even in remote sites affected by the long-range Sabalo migrations.","palabras_clave":"sewage industrial detritus|POPs|Fish|rio de la plata"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112624,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":". Efecto del pisoteo animal sobre las propiedades de un suelo. Parte i:   resistencia a la penetración, humedad, densidad aparente y modelos asociados","resumen":"La intensificación de la producción ganadera conduce a incrementar el pisoteo del suelo, efecto que no ha sido estudiado exhaustivamente. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) Comparar la densidad aparente (DA) a dos profundidades para cuatro niveles de intensidad de pisoteo (Ip); 2)  Comparar, dentro del mismo rango de humedad y a dos profundidades, la resistencia mecánica (Rp)del suelo para cuatro niveles de Ip; 3) Estudiar la dependencia Rp con la DA y la humedad gravimétrica (H) para cuatro niveles de Ip con los modelos de Busscher y de Ayers. El estudio se realizó en un establecimiento de producción animal ubicado en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, en una llanura con pradera implantada de leguminosas y gramíneas. Ciertos sectores se destinaban a pastoreo directo y otros a corte mecánico sin pisoteo animal. Se midieron DA, H y Rp para cuatro niveles de Ip: nula (A), media (B), alta (C), y muy alta (D). Se determinó la textura y el carbono total (CT) del  suelo. Se encontró el menor valor de DA (0,98 g cm-3  ) en el grupo D entre 0 y 10 cm, atribuido al gran  contenido de CT (682 g kg-1). El grupo A presentó el valor de Rp  más bajo, entre 0 y 10 cm (4,41 MPa).Se concluyó que la Rp resultó ser un buen indicador de la Ip en la profundidad de 0 a 10 cm, no así la DA. Los modelos que relacionan Rp con H y DA no serían aplicables a suelos en donde los contenidos de CT son altos y existe pérdida de estructura por amasado.","palabras_clave":"PISOTEO ANIMAL|PENETRÓMETRO DINÁMICO|MODELO DE BUSSCHER|MODELO DE AYRES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112625,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EFECTO DEL PISOTEO ANIMAL SOBRE LAS PROPIEDADES DE UN SUELO. PARTE II: INFILTRACIÓN Y CONDUCTIVIDAD HIDRÁULICA SATURADA","resumen":"Es importante predecir el proceso de infiltración en el suelo para elaborar estrategias de manejo de la producción animal, que tengan en cuenta riesgos de contaminación. Por otra parte, existen pocos trabajos en donde se comparan las tasas de infiltración básicas (TIB) medidas a campo con las conductividades hidráulicas saturadas (Ks) obtenidas en laboratorio. Los objetivos del experimento fueron: 1) Medir el proceso de infiltración para cuatro intensidades de pisoteo: nula (testigo), media, alta y muy alta; 2) Medir y comparar las TIB de campo y las Ks en laboratorio; 3) Evaluar la eficiencia del modelo Green y Ampt (GA) junto con el de varias funciones de pedotransferencia (FPT) para pre- decir el proceso de infiltración. El estudio se realizó en un establecimiento de producción animal ubi- cado en Buenos Aires, Argentina, con suelos Argiudoles, en una llanura con pastura implantada. El proceso de infiltración se midió con anillos de Muntz y la Ks en laboratorio con un permeámetro de carga constante. Se encontró que la TIB disminuyó a la mitad de su valor en los sectores con muy alta carga animal respecto del suelo testigo. La Ks resultó menor en sitios con mayor carga animal. Conclu- siones: Los valores de Ks resultaron entre 5 y 10 veces mayores que los de TIB. El modelo de GA predijo en forma aproximada el fenómeno de infiltración cuando sus parámetros fueron obtenidos por una FPT proveniente de suelos europeos, no así con parámetros de suelos norteamericanos. Esto se atribu- ye a que los valores de Ks predichos por la FPT europea son menores a los obtenidos con las FPTs de suelos norteamericanos.","palabras_clave":"MODELOS DE INFILTRACIÓN|TASA DE INFILTRACIÓN BÁSICA|FUNCIONES DE PEDOTRANSFERENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112626,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Progesterone Prevents Allodynia After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury","resumen":"Chronic pain after spinal cord injury represents a therapeutic challenge. Progesterone, a neuroprotective steroid, has been shown to modulate nociceptive thresholds, while its effect on neuropathic pain needs to be further explored. In this study, we evaluated whether progesterone could ameliorate pain-associated behaviors in animals subjected to a spinal cord hemisection. The development of mechanical and cold allodynia was assessed in injured male rats treated with daily injections of progesterone or vehicle. The expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits, protein kinase C gamma (PKCg), preprodynorphin (ppD) and kappa opioid receptor (KOR), key players in chronic pain mechanisms, was determined in the dorsal spinal cord. Twenty eight days after injury, all vehicle-treated animals presented allodynic behaviors and a marked increase in NMDAR subunits, PKCg&nbsp;and ppD mRNA expression, with no changes in KOR mRNA levels. Progesterone prevented the development of mechanical allodynia and reduced the painful responses to cold stimulation. In correlation with the attenuation of pain behaviors, the steroid prevented NMDAR subunits and PKCg &nbsp;mRNAs upregulation, did not modify the elevated ppD mRNA levels, but increased KOR expression. In conclusion, progesterone modulates neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury, creating a favorable molecular environment that may decrease spinal nociceptive signaling. ","palabras_clave":"CHRONIC PAIN|PROTEIN KINASE c|N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR|PREPRODYNORPHIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112627,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Distribution and characterization of Corazonin in the central nervous system of Triatoma infestans (Insecta: Heteroptera)","resumen":"AbstractThe distribution of corazonin in the central nervous system of the heteropteran insect Triatoma infestans was studied by immunohistochemistry. The presence of corazonin isoforms was investigated using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in samples containing the brain, the subesophageal ganglion, the corpora cardiaca-corpus allatum complex and the anterior part of the aorta. Several groups of immunopositive perikarya were detected in the brain, the subesophageal ganglion and the thoracic ganglia. Regarding the brain, three clusters were observed in the protocerebrum. One of these clusters was formed by somata located near the entrance of the ocellar nerves whose fibers supplied the aorta and the corpora cardiaca. The remaining groups of the protocerebrum were located in the lateral soma cortex and at the boundary of the protocerebrum with the optic lobe. The optic lobe housed immunoreactive somata in the medial soma layer of the lobula and at the level of the first optic chiasma. The neuropils of the deutocerebrum and the tritocerebrum were immunostained, but no immunoreactive perikarya were detected. In the subesophageal ganglion, immunostained somata were found in the soma layers of the mandibular and labial neuromeres, whereas in the mesothoracic ganglionic mass, they were observed in the mesothoracic, metathoracic and abdominal neuromeres. Immunostained neurites were also found in the esophageal wall. The distribution pattern of corazonin like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of this species suggests that corazonin may act as a neurohormone. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that [Arg(7)]-corazonin was the only isoform of the neuropeptide present in T. infestans tissue samples.","palabras_clave":"neuropeptides"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112628,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Approaching Minimum Area Polygonization","resumen":"Poligonizaciones de Area minima. &#61607;\tTaranilla, M. T.; Gagliardi, E. O.; Hernández Peñalver, G. ?Approaching Minimum Area Polygonization?.  XVII Congreso Argentino de Ciencias de la Computación. ISBN: 978-950-34-0756-1, Páginas: 31-40, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. La Plata, Argentina, 2011.","palabras_clave":"Geometria Computacional |Metaheuristicas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112629,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Espacios de poder femenino en el Reino de Castilla en la Baja Edad Media","resumen":"A partir de 1407 con la muerte del Rey Enrique III el Doliente, su esposa la Reina Catalina de Lancaster se convertirá, junto al Infante Fernando, en regentes del Rey- niño Juan II de Castilla.  A través de dicha Regencia, la reina madre desarrollara una política tendiente a asegurar el reino para su hijo, Juan II, tratando de generar vínculos con los linajes nobles empoderados del reino a fin de conservar la autoridad real y extenderla a su hijo, situaciones éstas no exentas de los conflictos propios del poder feudal y que  los jugó Catalina en la política del reino .Sin lugar a dudas, el rol y acciones  emprendidas por la Reina fueron a nuestro criterio, muy importantes para la afirmación del linaje reinante en tanto era ella  la garante del vínculo legítimo con los Alfonsos de Castilla, problemas éstos no demasiados abordados por la historiografía clásica. La historiografía feminista ha aportado nuevos marcos interpretativos que nos permite  rever el rol de las reinas medievales y que trataremos en esta presentación.Palabras claves : poder feudal, reinas, crisis bajo medieval","palabras_clave":"PODER FEUDAL|REINAS|CRISIS BAJO MEDIEVAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112630,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunological identification of Trypanosoma cruzi lineages in human infection along the endemic area","resumen":"Genotyping studies show a polarized geographic distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi lineages in humans. Here, we assessed their distribution along Latin America through an immunological approach we designated Western blot (WB) assay with Trypomastigote small-surface antigen (TSSA) I and TSSA II (TSSA-WB). These antigens are expressed by T. cruzi I (TCI; now TcI) and T. cruzi II (TCII; reclassified as TcII to TcVI) parasites. TSSA-WB showed good concordance with genotyping tests. An unexpected frequency of TSSA II recognition was observed in Colombia, Venezuela, and Mexico (northern region of Latin America). In Argentina and Paraguay (southern region), immunophenotyping confirmed the already reported TCII (TcII to TcVI) dominance. The lineage distribution between these regions showed significant difference but not among countries within them (except for Colombia and Venezuela). TSSA-WB shows TCII emergence in the northern region where TCI was reported as dominant or even as the unique T. cruzi lineage infecting humans.","palabras_clave":"Cruzi|Discrete typing units|Immunological marker|Human infection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112631,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immuno-endocrine alterations in patients with progressive forms of chronic Chagas disease","resumen":"We studied the features of parallel immunoneuroendocrine responses in patients with different degrees of chronic Chagas myocarditis (indeterminate, mild\/moderate or severe). A systemic inflammatory scenario was evident in patients with severe myocarditis compared to healthy subjects. This was paralleled by a disrupted activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, characterized by decreased concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-s) and an unbalanced cortisol\/DHEA-s ratio, reinforcing the view that severe Chagas disease is devoid of an adequate anti-inflammatory milieu, likely involved in pathology. Our study constitutes the first demonstration of neuroendocrine disturbances, during progressive human Chagas disease","palabras_clave":"CHAGAS DISEASE|IMMUNE-ENDOCRINE ALTERATIONS|MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE|INFLAMMATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112632,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"OSTEOHISTOLOGÍA EN MOSASAURIOS (SQUAMATA: MOSASAURIDAE) DEL CRETÁCICO TARDÍO DE LA CUENCAJAMES ROSS (PENÍNSULA ANTÁRTICA)","resumen":"Los mosasaurios fueron un grupo de escamadosque habitaron los océanos y mares epicontinentales de todo el mundo durante el Cretácico Tardío. Su registro fósil abarca todos los continentes,incluyendo Antártida (Gasparini et al., 2007). En la cuenca James Ross (Península Antártica) los restos atribuibles a mosasaurios han sido reportados desde hace más de un cuarto de siglo (Gasparini y del Valle, 1980). La mayoría del material, excepto por el holotipo del tylosaurino Taniwhasaurus antarcticus (Novas, Fernández, Gasparini, Lirio, Nuñez y Puerta, 2002) Martin y Fernández, 2007 corresponde principalmente a dientes y vértebras. Con base en este material se ha podido documentarla presencia de tylosaurinos en el Campaniano tardío (Formación Santa Marta, Isla James Ross), en el Maastrichtiano temprano (Formación Snow Hill Island, Isla Vega), y en el Maastrichtiano tardío (Formación López de Bertodano, Isla Marambio\/Seymour Island); y de plioplatecarpinos y mosasaurinos en el Maastrichtiano tardío (Formación López de Bertodano, Isla Marambio\/Seymour Island) (Martin et al., 2002; Fernández y Gasparini, en prensa). Los mosasaurios de la Península Antártica han sido estudiados principalmente desde un punto de vista sistemático y paleobiogeográfico. No obstante, la exploración de la microestructura ósea a menudo ofrece una fuente de información sobre hábitos de vida. Los estudios enfocados en aspectos osteohistológicos de los mosasaurios son relativamente escasos en comparación con otros grupos taxonómicos. Sheldon (1997) efectuó un análisis microestructural de costillas pertenecientes a diversos géneros de mosasaurios, relacionando los diferentes patrones de microestructura ósea con los hábitos de vida que habrían tenido los diferentes mosasaurios.Recientemente, Houssaye (2008, 2009) y Houssaye et al. (2008) han estudiado la histología y, más específicamente, la microanatomía de diferentes taxones de mosasauroideos, discutiendo sus implicancias evolutivas y su relación con el hábito acuático de estos escamados. En el caso particular de los mosasaurios antárticos, el único antecedente publicado corresponde a una breve descripción de la microestructura de una vértebra de un mosasaurio maastrichthiano indet. recuperado de la Formación López de Bertodano en la Isla Marambio (Salgado et al.,2007). En esta contribución, ampliando el conocimiento de mosasaurios de la cuenca James Ross, se realiza una descripción microanatómica y osteohistológica de dos vértebras pertenecientes a dos mosasaurios mosasaurinos exhumados de una misma formación, Formación López de Bertodano(Maastrichtiano tardío, Cretácico Tardío) de la Isla Marambio(Península Antártica)con el objeto de inferir algunosde sus hábitos de vida. En esta contribución, ampliando el conocimiento de mosasaurios de la cuenca James Ross, se realiza una descripción microanatómica y osteohistológica de dos vértebras pertenecientes a dos mosasaurios mosasaurinos exhumados de una misma formación, Formación López de Bertodano(Maastrichtiano tardío, Cretácico Tardío) de la Isla Marambio(Península Antártica)con el objeto de inferir algunosde sus hábitos de vida. En esta contribución, ampliando el conocimiento de mosasaurios de la cuenca James Ross, se realiza una descripción microanatómica y osteohistológica de dos vértebras pertenecientes a dos mosasaurios mosasaurinos exhumados de una misma formación, Formación López de Bertodano(Maastrichtiano tardío, Cretácico Tardío) de la Isla Marambio(Península Antártica)con el objeto de inferir algunosde sus hábitos de vida. En esta contribución, ampliando el conocimiento de mosasaurios de la cuenca James Ross, se realiza una descripción microanatómica y osteohistológica de dos vértebras pertenecientes a dos mosasaurios mosasaurinos exhumados de una misma formación, Formación López de Bertodano(Maastrichtiano tardío, Cretácico Tardío) de la Isla Marambio(Península Antártica)con el objeto de inferir algunosde sus hábitos de vida. En esta contribución, ampliando el conocimiento de mosasaurios de la cuenca James Ross, se realiza una descripción microanatómica y osteohistológica de dos vértebras pertenecientes a dos mosasaurios mosasaurinos exhumados de una misma formación, Formación López de Bertodano(Maastrichtiano tardío, Cretácico Tardío) de la Isla Marambio(Península Antártica)con el objeto de inferir algunosde sus hábitos de vida. En esta contribución, ampliando el conocimiento de mosasaurios de la cuenca James Ross, se realiza una descripción microanatómica y osteohistológica de dos vértebras pertenecientes a dos mosasaurios mosasaurinos exhumados de una misma formación, Formación López de Bertodano(Maastrichtiano tardío, Cretácico Tardío) de la Isla Marambio(Península Antártica)con el objeto de inferir algunosde sus hábitos de vida. ","palabras_clave":"Histología ósea|Mosasaurios.|Cretácico Tardío"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112633,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Antiguos actores de un nuevo régimen. Indígenas y afrodescendientes en el Paraguay de la independencia","resumen":"Este trabajo explora las características del proceso de independencia en la región del Paraguay, centrándose en la dinámica de las poblaciones indígenas y afro. La primera parte analiza los efectos locales del discurso de la Junta de gobierno de Buenos Aires sobre los pueblos locales. Sugerimos que dicho discurso, aunque a simple vista se orientaba a definir un ?nuevo actor? político en la región, expresaba en realidad un importante grado de continuidad con varias de las políticas ilustradas que venía desplegando el Estado colonial. En ese contexto, los pueblos sujetos a la jurisdicción asuncena definieron un camino político autónomo, diferente al área de influencia bonaerense, en buena medida impulsados por la situación poblacional y territorial que entonces imperaba en ellos. La segunda parte brinda detalles sobre las características de esa situación y su desarrollo desde las décadas anteriores, correspondientes al final del período colonial. Según suponemos, en esa dinámica previa se encuentran algunas de las claves para comprender las respuestas de la población indígena y afro a los procesos de independencia en el Paraguay e, irónicamente, su rápido proceso de desaparición de los registros oficiales.                                                                                                   ","palabras_clave":"revolución|indios|Paraguay|Independencia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112634,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La Imagen Profesional de Enfermería en su contexto de trabajo","resumen":"RESUMEN:Se ha sostenido que tanto el estatus como el reconocimiento social de enfermería en laregión de las Américas son limitados. Esta situación es similar para la Argentina. Unode los aspectos que puede contribuir a esta situación es el hecho de que la imagen deltrabajador de enfermería parece ser un constructo de difícil definición. Es así que esteestudio ha tenido como objetivo general conocer cuál es hoy la imagen profesionalconstruida del\/la enfermero\/a en el contexto de trabajo. Se ha adoptado una estrategiametodológica basada en la triangulación, se presentan acá los resultados de la primerafase cualitativa. Se trabajó con un muestreo intencional teniendo en cuenta los criteriosde propósito teórico y relevancia, realizando entrevistas en profundidad a otrosprofesionales de la salud, enfermeros que trabajan en los subsectores público y privadoy usuarios del sistema de salud. El análisis del material cualitativo se realizó por mediodel software Atlas Ti. Algunas de las categorías surgidas del análisis son: humanizacióndel vínculo con la persona, humanización del mismo enfermero, motivación, relacióncon pacientes, relación con otros profesionales y pares, características del cuidado. Lahumanización aparece como una característica central de la identidad profesional. Surgeuna evidente tensión en la definición del rol entre el supuesto por el modelo médico y elque prescribe enfermería siendo que la queja aparece como una constante entre médicosy enfermeros, la rebeldía aparece como una de las formas de afrontamiento de esteconflicto.","palabras_clave":"Enfermería"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112635,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La hoja de cálculo en la enseñanza de la Física: re-creando simulaciones","resumen":"En el presente trabajo se realiza una breve revisión del uso de las hojas de cálculo y de las simulaciones en la enseñanza de la física. Presenta tres tipos de actividades con simulaciones obtenidas de Internet y hojas de cálculo. Estas actividades resultan accesibles y motivadoras tanto para estudiantes como para profesores, consolidan la confianza de los docentes con los recursos informáticos y estimulan el proceso de creación de simulaciones propias.","palabras_clave":"Hoja de cálculo|simulaciones|enseñanza de la física"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112636,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Monitoring soybean seed germination by calorimetry","resumen":"A method to monitor seed germination that combines isothermal calorimetry and imbibition measurementsis reported. Individual seeds of three cultivars of soybean seeds (A7636RG, Munasqa and DM5.8RR) and one of radish were used. Imbibition curves were performed on individual seeds in a germination chamber at 25 ºC .Calorimetric specific thermal power (p)?time (t) curves of germination were also obtained at 25 ºC for 10 or more individual seeds after 30 min of equilibration of the system. Calorimetric experiments of germination in 5 mM KCN were performed to estimate specific imbibitions enthalpies (Dih). The p?t curves could be extrapolated to t = 0 by relating the rate of water uptake as determined from imbibitions curves with p values. Then, p?t curves were integrated to determine the specific metabolic enthalpies Dh which in turn were related to the water content (WC) of seeds at the corresponding times. The method allows determination of specific enthalpy change due to germination, Dgh, which apparently is species related. Besides, the standard deviation (SD) of the Dgh value gives an indication of seed quality. On the other hand, the water content that seeds need to germinate and the moment at which seeds are fully imbibed can also be determined. This is very important when breeding new cultivars for water stress tolerance. The water content needed for each cultivar to germinate was 74, 57, 35 and 64% for soybean seeds cvs. A7636RG, Munasqa,&nbsp; DM5.8RR and radish, respectively..Calorimetric specific thermal power (p)?time (t) curves of germination were also obtained at 25 ºC for 10 or more individual seeds after 30 min of equilibration of the system. Calorimetric experiments of germination in 5 mM KCN were performed to estimate specific imbibitions enthalpies (Dih). The p?t curves could be extrapolated to t = 0 by relating the rate of water uptake as determined from imbibitions curves with p values. Then, p?t curves were integrated to determine the specific metabolic enthalpies Dh which in turn were related to the water content (WC) of seeds at the corresponding times. The method allows determination of specific enthalpy change due to germination, Dgh, which apparently is species related. Besides, the standard deviation (SD) of the Dgh value gives an indication of seed quality. On the other hand, the water content that seeds need to germinate and the moment at which seeds are fully imbibed can also be determined. This is very important when breeding new cultivars for water stress tolerance. The water content needed for each cultivar to germinate was 74, 57, 35 and 64% for soybean seeds cvs. A7636RG, Munasqa,&nbsp; DM5.8RR and radish, respectively.","palabras_clave":"Calorimetry|Seed germination|Glycine max|Raphanus sativus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112637,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new approach to determine soil microbial biomass by calorimetry","resumen":"A method to determine soil microbial biomass (SMB) by isothermal calorimetry is reported. Soil samples ranging in pH from 6.2 to 9.4 and different textures were used to develop the method. Soil at 60% of its field capacity humidity was amended with a previously determined amount of glucose as to give the maximal response of CO2 evolution. Then, an aliquot was weighed in the calorimeter ampoule and specific thermal power (p)?time (t) curves were obtained at 25 °C. After 1?2 h, a vial containing a 0.5 M NaOH solution was introduced to determine the specific thermal power due to CO2 evolution, pCO2 during 1?2 h. Then, the vial was removed and the experiment continued for 1?2 h. Specific thermal power due to CO2 evolution was converted to rate (CO2-C\/ mm3 g-1 h-1) by using the heat of reaction of CO2 with NaOH and the molar volume. This value was further converted into SMB\/lg g-1 by using a conversion factor of 32.4. A guide to perform the calculations is given. Values of log SMB were linearly related with values of log p giving a similar relation to a previously reported where SMB was determined by conventional methods.","palabras_clave":"CALORIMETRY|SOIL|MICROBIAL BIOMASS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112638,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A calorimetric study of the interaction between Brachiaria platyphylla and soil microbial activity","resumen":"Recently, lemon tree plantations in Tucumán province, Argentina were invaded with the weed Brachiaria platyphylla (broadleaf signalgrass). In order to understand the mechanisms involved with its propagation, soils collected from the invaded (IS), not yet invaded (NIS) and from an adjacent forest soil (FS) were comparatively studied by chemical and calorimetric techniques. Also the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of aerial parts and roots as well as the methanol (MeOH) extract of aerial parts were studied in their interaction with soil. Two probable factors involved with B. platyphylla invasibility were found. The first deals with the quality of the IS that resembled more the indigenous FS than the NIS. The microbial quotient (Cmic\/Corg) was higher for IS than for NIS. Also, the calorespirometric quotient (p\/rCO2) was lower for the former soil indicating a greater microbial mineralizing activity. The second factor deals with the effect of the organic extracts on soil. The EtOAc extract of aerial parts of B. platyphylla showed antimicrobial and allelopathic effects that could be attributed to its phenolic content. However, the MeOH extract of aerial parts and EtOAc extract of roots seemed to induce the activity of phenol degrading bacteria. Therefore, the phenolic content of this species would not be a problem for itself although they seem to act as allelochemicals for native species.","palabras_clave":"calorimetry|Brachiaria platyphylla|Invasiveness|Soil microbial activity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112639,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Dos analogías en la enseñanza del concepto de modelo científico: Análisis de las observaciones de clase","resumen":"En la actualidad se reconoce la importancia de enseñar no sólo el contenido de la ciencia sino también su naturaleza. Los modelos cumplen un rol fundamental en la construcción y el avance del conocimiento científico y también en la enseñanza de las ciencias. El objetivo general de este trabajo es aportar a la problemática de cómo enseñar el concepto de modelo científico. Se presenta un diseño de investigación llevado adelante con alumnos futuros maestros, que incluye el empleo de dos  analogías (la caja negra y los mapas). Ambas analogías han sido enriquecidas con respecto a lo que se encuentra en la bibliografía. En este trabajo se muestran los aprendizajes de los alumnos, en términos cuantitativos como cualitativos. También se muestran las dificultades que les surgieron a los estudiantes en la utilización integrada de ambas analogías y en la construcción del concepto de modelo científico.","palabras_clave":"naturaleza de la ciencia|concepto de modelo|enseñanza y aprendizaje con analogías"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112640,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comprehensive quality assessment of municipal organic waste composts produced by different preparation methods","resumen":"In the first part of this work, the effect of municipal organic waste (MOW) composts on plant growth was evaluated in a greenhouse trial. The treatments included soil amended with 14 different composts (prepared by shredding, adding wood shavings, cocomposting with biosolids or vermicomposting), an inorganically fertilized soil, and a control soil. All of the treatments significantly increased plant growth compared to the control, and yields of three of the amended treatments were as high as that of the inorganic fertilizer treatment. When comparing differently prepared composts to the conventional compost, it was found that cocomposting MOW with biosolids was the method which most positively influenced yields (26\u201341% yield increases). In the second part of this work, we evaluated the effects of the different preparation methods on compost quality, using a multivariate approach. Three main quality aspects were considered collectively in a principal component analysis: organic matter and nutrient concentrations, degradability and capacity to mineralize these nutrients, and plant growth. The model was restricted to the first and second components (PC1 and PC1) which accounted for 94% of data variance. On the resulting factorial plane, four groups were distinguished. Each of the groups was compared to the reference compost to determine quality increases or decreases. Based on this analysis, it was found that cocomposting MOW with biosolids produced the highest quality products (higher total nutrient and OM concentration, nutrient mineralization potential, and plant growth). Addition of wood shavings increased OM concentration, but reduced quality in terms of the other aspects studied. Shredding was only effective to increase product quality when it was not combined with other methods, whereas vermicomposting only increased quality when MOW was not mixed with biosolids.","palabras_clave":"ORGANIC MATTER|MUNICIPAL ORGANIC WASTE|POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENT|DEHIDROGENASE|MICROBIAL BIOMASS N|PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112641,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Influence of Food and Con-specifics on the Flight Potential of the Parasitoid Ibalia leucospoides","resumen":"Insects often do foraging flights to search for their different resources. These flights are usually in response to the internal state of the organism and\/or to external environmental conditions.In this study we explored the effects of feeding status, the prior contact with conspecifics and two morphological variables on the flight performance of the solitary and proovigenic parasitoid I.leucospoides, by using flight mill systems. Flight performance was estimated using two parameters,maximum moving average speed and total distance flown. As well, we examined the loss of body mass during flight, as a function of the total distance flown and the feeding status. Our research showed a great variability in flight potential capability of females of I. leucospoides. Feeding status and prior experience with conspecifics did not produce significant effects on flight parameters. However, both morphological variables (tibia length and wing loading) associated with body size affected flight behaviour. Finally, according with our results the body mass loss of females during flight trial only depended on the total distance flown. Variations in size and body design can have significant consequences on population dynamics by determining the potential range where I. leucospoides can search for host, thereby influencing the efficacy of this parasitoid as natural enemy.","palabras_clave":"ibalia leucospoides|insect dispersal|flight mills|insect flight performance,"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112642,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diet of Adults and cubs of Lycalopex gymnocercus in Pampas grassland: a validation of the Optimal Foraging Theory","resumen":"We compared the diet of adult Pampas foxes (Lycalopex gymnocercus) and their cubs in a Pampas grassland area of Argentina by analysing 152 scats (adults: 92, cubs: 60). We used an Index of Relative Importance (IRI) to determine the contribution of prey items to the diet. IRI scores for rodents, hares and birds were higher for cubs, whereas adults consumed grasshoppers and larvae more often than cubs did. Fruits and carrion of ungulates were consumed only by adults. Both the number of items per scat and diet diversity were smaller for cubs than adults. We conclude that the Pampas fox behaves as a typical central place forager, with fruits and insects being probably consumed on the spot (with low foraging costs) and rodents, birds and hares being brought to the den for the cubs.","palabras_clave":"Lycalopex gymnocercus|diet|pampas|foraging"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112643,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gene discovery in Triatoma infestans","resumen":"Abstract  Background: Triatoma infestans is the most relevant vector of Chagas disease in the southern cone of South  America. Since its genome has not yet been studied, sequencing of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) is one of the  most powerful tools for efficiently identifying large numbers of expressed genes in this insect vector.  Results: In this work, we generated 826 ESTs, resulting in an increase of 47% in the number of ESTs available for  T. infestans. These ESTs were assembled in 471 unique sequences, 151 of which represent 136 new genes for the  Reduviidae family.  Conclusions: Among the putative new genes for the Reduviidae family, we identified and described an interesting  subset of genes involved in development and reproduction, which constitute potential targets for insecticide  development.","palabras_clave":"Chagas Desease|Vector"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112644,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Segmentacion Automatica de la Provincia de Buenos Aires para el Censo Nacional Argentino 2010 Mediante Programacion Matematica.","resumen":"La planicacion de un censo poblacional implica diversos desafios logisticos, uno delos cuales es determinar que hogares debe visitar cada censista. Este problema se conocecomo el problema de segmentacion de viviendas, y generalmente involucra un conjunto derestricciones sobre los recorridos que cada censista puede realizar y determinados criteriosde homogeneidad y uniformidad que las soluciones deben respetar. En este trabajo presentamosun enfoque basado en programacion lineal entera para la resolucion del problemade segmentacion en las zonas urbanas y semi-urbanas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires,que fue aplicado exitosamente durante el Censo Nacional 2010 en Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Censo poblacional|Programación lineal entera|Segmentación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112645,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un análisis comparativo entre tipos de evaluación: estudio de un examen de ingreso en la UNRN","resumen":"En el siguiente trabajo se realiza una comparación entre la evaluación tradicional y la evaluación por competencias, usando como estudio de caso el examen de ingreso de matemática de la Universidad nacional de Río Negro. El objetivo es estimar el nivel de logro de algunas competencias matemáticas en los ingresantes. En base a los resultados obtenidos, realizamos algunas sugerencias para el curso de ingreso futuro, con el fin de mejorar el rendimiento de los alumnos en matemática. &nbsp;","palabras_clave":"EVALUACIÓN|COMPETENCIAS MATEMÁTICAS|EXAMEN DE INGRESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112646,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of Ag-CoFe2O4 dimer colloidal nanoparticles and enhancement of their magnetic response","resumen":"This paper reports the structural and magnetic properties of Ag\u2013CoFe2O4 colloidal dimernanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using a two-step solution-phase route. Ag NPs were used as seedsto grow Ag\u2013CoFe2O4 dimer NPs using thermal decomposition of metallic precursor. By means oftemperature and field dependent dc magnetization measurements, it is found that the silver due toits interface with CoFe2O4 particles leads to thermal stabilization of the dimer NPs superior ascompared to CoFe2O4 alone. Our results show enhancement of the magnetic anisotropy and a largecoercivity at 2 K for dimer NPs, which could be ascribed to interface effect between Ag andCoFe2O4 components and the related structural defects","palabras_clave":"nanoparticles|magnetic materials"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112647,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence of existence of metastable SrFe12O19 nanoparticles","resumen":"The existence of metastable hexaferrite is reported. Synthesis of strontium hexaferrite, SrFe12O19, at 400ºC was realized under controlled oxygen atmosphere. Such technique allows obtaining SrFe12O19 at lower temperatures than those used by traditional methods (above 800ºC). Phase transformation occurred during a measurement of magnetization vs. temperature (heating up to 625ºC). The heat treatment induces a change from SrFe12O19 to gamma-Fe2O3 (as main phase), and SrFeO2.74 to Sr2Fe2O5. Together with these phase transformations, an increment of the amount of SrCO3 is detected. Magnetic study of the samples, before and after the heating, supports the structural analysis conclusions.","palabras_clave":"metastable strontium hexaferrite|iron oxide nanopowders|phase transformation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112648,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Detection of single copy sequences using BAC-fISH and C-PRINS techniques in sunflower chromosomes","resumen":"Bacterial artificial chromosome - fluorescence in situ hybridization (BAC-FISH) and cyclingprimed  in situ labeling (C-PRINS) techniques were evaluated for integration of physical and genetic maps of  sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Single-site SSR markers were selected from three linkage groups of a  high-density sunflower genetic map. This selection was based on previously identified QTL associated to S.  sclerotiorum. These markers were used to select BACs contaning single copy sequences for BAC-FISH  aplication. Blocking of highly dispersed repetitive sunflower sequences reduced unspecific hybridization,  and allowed the detection of specific signals for BACs containing SSR markers HA4222 and HA2600, anchored  to LG 16 and LG 10, respectively. Single-site FISH signal detection was optimized by adjusting the  relative quantity and quality of unlabelled repetitive sequences present in the blocking DNA. The SSR marker  ORS1247 anchored to the LG 17 was detected by C-PRINS, which yielded fluorescence signals that were  specific and intense. This progress in localizing single-copy sequences using BAC-FISH and indirect CPRINS  strategies in sunflower will facilitate the integration of genetic and physical maps, allowing the identification  of chromosomes containing key genes and\/or QTL associated to agronomic important traits in  sunflower.","palabras_clave":"SUNFLOWER|SIMPLE-COPY SEQUENCES|BAC-FISH|C-PRINS|PHYSICAL MAPPING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112649,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Early expression of zona pellucida proteins under octylphenol exposure in Cichlasoma dimerus (Perciformes, Cichlidae)","resumen":"An increasing number of widely used industrial and agricultural chemicals are being found to cause endocrine disruption. In fishes, xenoestrogens can induce female proteins, and in some cases, the development of testis-ova, demonstrating feminization of males. In this study we analyzed the effect of an acute exposure of adult male Cichlasoma dimerus fish to estradiol (E2) and octylphenol (OP). E2 and OP were injected at 10 and 50g\/g body weight doses, respectively. After a single OP dose, liver was processed for RNA extraction at 1, 3, 12, 24, and 72 h. PCR was performed using cDNA and primers for egg coat or zona pellucida proteins (ZP). Genes encoding ZPB and ZPC isoforms were sequenced. E2-induced fish  were sacrificed at 72 h. Using multiple OP or E2 injections, blood and surface mucus were sampled on days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 13. On day 13 fish were sacrificed for liver and testis dissection. Histological examination of E2 and OP-treated fish livers showed cellular disarray and intense cytoplasmatic basophilia within hepatocytes, probably due to increased mRNA synthesis, as well as hypertrophied euchromatic nuclei, and  conspicuous nucleoli, indicative of augmented cell activity. An abnormal amount of sperm and immature  germ cells within the testis lumen were seen in treated fish, suggesting reproductive impairment. Both plasma and mucus revealed the presence of ZP (and vitellogenin) at day 3 and thereafter with E2 treatment,  using Western and Dot blot techniques; OP effects were delayed in time. These results validate the analysis of mucus by Dot blot as an easy and rapid technique to address endocrine disruption caused by OP. Quantitative gene expression showed induction of liver ZPB and ZPC upon OP injection; muscle, brain, and intestine did not express any ZP. Both ZPs were induced at 1 h post injection, but only ZPB expression was statistically significant. At 12 h, both ZPs increased significantly, reaching the same levels of E2-challenged males after 72 h. Therefore, OP mimicked the action of E2 with a prompt and strong xenoestrogenic effect, evidenced by the early response through mRNA and protein expression of ZP and the concomitant histological liver and testis alterations.","palabras_clave":"zona pellucida proteins|octylphenol|fish|gene expression"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112650,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Why do Pinus species have different growth dominance patterns than Eucalyptus species? A hypothesis based on differential physiological plasticity","resumen":"It has been observed that Eucalyptus stands show high growth dominance levels while Pinus stands show null or low growth dominance levels. We hypothesized that this differential behaviour is linked to a higher degree of physiological?biochemical plasticity in Eucalyptus than in Pinus species related to photosynthetic capacity. This leads to an increment in growth efficiency (GE) difference between the largest and the smallest trees of a stand, and therefore to high growth dominance levels in Eucalyptus. To test our hypothesis we carried out a bibliographical survey and reanalyzed data from Pinus ponderosa and Pinus taeda plantations in Argentina. We found that some species within the genus Eucalyptus present higher growth dominance levels, physiological plasticity and GE differentiation than Pinus species. The mean maximum values of these traits reported for any Eucalyptus species were: growth dominance coefficient, 0.48; photosynthetic capacity increment when resource availability increases, 175%; GE differencebetween the largest and the smallest trees of a stand, 300%. Mean maximum values for the same traits reported for any Pinus species were 0.13, no phostosynthetic plasticity as the most frequent pattern, and 51%, respectively. In Pinus species the most frequent response to an increase in resource availability is characterized by an increase in leaf area or biomass, maintaining a similar photosynthetic capacity per unit area. However, it appears that in P. ponderosa there are some situations, characterized by a high degree of intraspecific competition, leading to a very high degree of GE differentiation which deserve future research. Although we did not find any study reporting simultaneously all variables concerning our hypothesis (growth dominance, growth efficiency differentiation and physiological plasticity) any of the circumstantial evidence found in the bibliography contrasts our hypothesis.","palabras_clave":"Pinus|Eucalyptus|Growth dominance|Physiological plasticity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112651,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Decreased rainfall interception balances increased transpiration in exotic ponderosa plantations compared with native cypress stands in Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"Exotic ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Doug. ex. Laws) is being planted for timber production in the natural distribution area of cordilleran cypress [Austrocedrus chilensis (D. Don) Pic. Serm. et Bizzarri] in the forest-steppe ecotone at the base of the Andes Mountains in northwest Patagonia. Our previous studies showed that transpiration of ponderosa pine plantations was between 33% and 64% greater than that of cordilleran cypress under similar growing conditions. Although transpiration is typically the largest term in evapotranspiration (ET) in closed-canopy forests, evaporative losses of rainfall intercepted by the canopy (IL) can also account for a large proportion of ET in forest ecosystems. The objective of this case study was to assess differences in IL between exotic ponderosa pine plantations and cordilleran cypress stands, as well as the combined effect of IL and transpiration. Net and gross precipitation were measured using arrays of manual rain gauges and tipping buckets with troughs in four forest stands of ponderosa pine and cordilleran cypress at two densities each. Additionally, water storage capacity of cut branches was measured in the laboratory. Annual estimates of IL were calculated using the Gashmodel (Gash, 1979) for two consecutive years with markedly different spring and summer precipitation. In cordilleran cypress stands, IL ranged from 35% to 44% of gross precipitation, whereas IL ranged from 17% to 22% of gross precipitation in pine plantations. Total annual IL fully offset the differences of spring and summer transpiration between ponderosa pine plantationsand cordilleran cypress stands of similar densities. ","palabras_clave":"Austrocedrus chilensis|Pinus ponderosa|Exotic plantations|Evapotranspiration"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112652,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stand  density and drought interaction on water relations of Nathofagus Antarctica: contribution of  forest management to climate change adaptability","resumen":"Nothofagus antarctica is the most representative species of the native mixed forest occupying ecotone areas between forests and steppe in NW Patagonia, South-America. In this type of environment, vulnerability to climate change is particularly enhanced. Predictions of future climatic conditions for this region indicate an increment of atmospheric temperature and also, a high variability of rain events, threatening forest persistence and productivity. In this framework, management strategies are crucial to guarantee sustainability of native vegetation systems. The objective of this study was to study the effect of tree density on the ecophysiological limitations of water use of N. antarctica, as a proxy to its productivity, during a drought period. Compared with the unthinned forest, the thinned forest showed higher soil water availability, higher sapflow density (Js) and canopy conductance (Gc) values, similar aerodynamic conductance (Ga) and a low degree of coupling to vapor pressure deficit. Ecophysiological results demonstrated a high limitation over gas exchange of individual N. antarctica trees imposed by the resistance in the hydraulic soil-to-leaf pathway in the unthinned-natural condition. Surprisingly, our results suggest structural limitations in the unthinned stand which reduce the ability of N. antarctica trees to take advantage of wet seasons, at least in the short term. Thinning could decrease the susceptibility of N. antarctica-based systems to drought stress, by increasing resource availability to the remainingtrees, thus contributing to enhance the persistence of this species under climate change conditions.","palabras_clave":"TRANSPIRATION|WATER USE|ÑIRE|CLIMATIC CHANGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112653,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Uso del agua y productividad de los bosques nativos e  implantados en el NO de la Patagonia: aproximaciones desde la  ecohidrología y la ecofisiología","resumen":"Existe preocupación por el posible uso excesivo de agua de las forestaciones con especies exóticas de rápido crecimiento en comparación con las especies nativas a las cuales reemplazan en la región NO de la Patagonia. Debido a ello, se han realizado estudios de productividad, consumo y eficiencia en el uso del agua tanto en plantaciones de especies exóticas como en sistemas vegetales naturales en zonas con distintos niveles de déficit hídrico. Esto se llevó a cabo mediante aproximaciones ecohidrológicas y ecofisiológicas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar y sintetizar el nivel de avance logrado en el conocimiento hasta la fecha. Tanto a nivel de árbol individual como de bosques con cobertura total de dosel arbóreo, las especies exóticas [Pinus ponderosa (pino ponderosa) y Pseudotsuga menziesii (pino oregón)] poseen un mayor consumo de agua que los individuos-sistemas nativos que crecen en sitios similares [pastizal, bosque de ciprés de la cordillera (Austrocedrus chilensis) y bosque mixto de ñire (Nothofagus antarctica) y radal (Lomatia hirsuta), y otras especies leñosas, respectivamente), aunque en todos los casos&nbsp; también se verificó un aumento en la eficiencia en el uso del agua. Los resultados sugieren que las diferencias en productividad y uso de agua se relacionan principalmente con una mayor resistencia hidráulica tanto de flujos en estado líquido (menor conductividad de la madera) como en estado gaseoso (mayor sensibilidad estomática a la demanda atmosférica) en las especies nativas. En el caso de las plantaciones de pino ponderosa, es posible disminuir el consumo de agua mediante el manejo del área foliar (podas y densidad de plantación). A su vez, en el bosque mixto nativo es posible manejar la cantidad y la eficiencia en el uso del agua mediante la extracción selectiva de ciertas especies y tamaños de individuos. Por otro lado, las mayores diferencias en el consumo de agua se observaron entre los pastizales y los bosques densos de pino ponderosa, los que a su vez se ubican en las zonas más secas del área forestable. Por otro lado, la interceptación de lluvias en la zona más árida fue mayor en los bosques nativos que en los implantados, lo cual hizo similar laevapotranspiración total de ambos, aunque es levemente superior en los bosques exóticos en la zona de mayor precipitación anual. Esto pone de manifiesto la importancia de considerar la ubicación, la densidad y el tamaño de los parches forestados en situaciones en las que los recursos hídricos excedentes de las precipitaciones quieran ser aprovechados aguas abajo en otras actividades. En este tipo de situaciones se recomiendan plantaciones con una baja densidad arbórea. Por el contrario, dado los excedentes de agua en la zona más húmeda (de aptitud para el pino oregón), el mayor consumo de la especie exótica no redundaría en un impacto negativo sobre los recursos hídricos. Cabe destacar que dada la mayor eficiencia en el uso del agua de los sistemas exóticos, el costo en agua de la producción de madera de estos bosques es bastante menor al de los sistemas nativos.","palabras_clave":"USO DE LOS RECURSOS|EFICIENCIA EN EL USO DE LOS RECURSOS|PLANTACIONES FORESTALES|CAMBIOS EN EL USO DE LA TIERRA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112654,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Is forage productivity of meadows influenced by the afforestation of upstream hillsides? A study in NW Patagonia","resumen":"Meadows are important reserves of water, with a key role in the maintenance of the biodiversity and productivity of ecosystems. In Patagonia, Argentina, afforestation with fast-growing exotic conifers has slowly but continuously increased over recent decades; though unfortunately, knowledge of the effects of afforestation on water resources remains scarce, with no information at all related to its impact on water dynamics and productivity of meadows located downslope to it. The effects of Pinus ponderosa afforestation on water dynamics (soil moisture contents and groundwater level) and productivity (aboveground forage productivity) of Northwest Patagonia meadows under xeric and humid conditions were analyzed. In the humid meadow, gravimetric soil water content, groundwater level and forage productivity were similar downslope of forested and non-forested slopes, with a trend towards higher forage productivity on the forested slope. In the xeric meadow, gravimetric soil water content was always higher downslope of the non-forested slope, with no difference in groundwater level between treatments. Forage productivity was statistically similar between situations (downslope of forested and non-forested slopes), with a trend towards higher productivity in the zone with higher soil water content. The main difference in the latter was related to differences in soil texture between zones. These results suggest that coniferous plantations located upstream of this type of meadow do not produce a direct effect on its abovegroundforage productivity. These systems have high complexity linked to precipitation, geomorphology and previous history of land use, which determine primarily soil water dynamics and consequently, forage productivity.","palabras_clave":"PINUS PONDEROSA|GROUNDWATER|ABOVEGROUND FORAGE PRODUCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112655,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Archaea-based Microbial Fuel Cell Operating at High Ionic Strength Conditions","resumen":"In this work we evaluated two archaea microorganisms (Haloferax volcanii and Natrialba magadii) used as biocatalyst at a microbial fuel cell (MFC) anode. Both archaea are able to grow at high salt concentrations. By increasing the media conductivity, the internal resistance was diminished, improving the MFCs performance. Without any added redox mediator, maximum power (Pmax) and current at Pmax were 11.87 \/ 4.57 \/ 0.12 &#956;W cm-2 and 49.67 \/ 22.03 \/ 0.59 &#956;A cm-2 for H. volcanii, N. magadii and E. coli, respectively. When neutral red was used as redox mediator, Pmaxand current at Pmax were 50.98 and 5.39 &#956;W cm-2 for H. volcanii and N. magadii respectively. In this paper an archaea MFC is described and compared with other MFC systems; the high salt concentration assayed here, comparable with the used in Pt catalyzed alkaline hydrogen fuel cells will open new options when MFC scaling-up is the objective, necessary for practical applications.","palabras_clave":"HYPERSALINE|EXTREMOPHILE|MFC|NEUTRAL RED"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112656,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assessing the effect of oxygen and microbial inhibitors to optimize ferricyanide-mediated BOD assay","resumen":"Methods for short-term BOD analysis (BODst) based on ferricyanide mediator reduction have succeeded in overcoming some problems associated with the standard BOD test analysis (BOD5) such as longterm incubations (5 days), the need to dilute samples and low reproducibility. Here we present a bioassay where a Klebsiella pneumoniae environmental strain successfully reduces ferricyanide without deaeration of the samples with linear BOD5 ranges between 30 and 500 mg\/L or 30 and 200 mg\/L,using glucose-glutamic acid solution (GGA) or OECD standards respectively. We further propose a new assay termination solution that allows higher reproducibility and standardization of the cell-based assay, employing formaldehyde (22.7 g\/L) or other compounds in order to stop ferricyanide reduction without affecting the amperometric detection and therefore replace the centrifugation step normally used to stop microbial-driven reactions in ferricyanide-mediated bioassays. These improvements led to an accurate determination of real municipal wastewater samples.","palabras_clave":"BIOANALYSIS|FERRICIANYDE|WATER|QUALITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112657,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative Survival Analysis of Deinococcus radiodurans and the Haloarchaea Natrialba magadii and Haloferax volcanii, Exposed to Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation","resumen":"The haloarchaea Natrialba magadii and Haloferax volcanii, as well as the  radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, were exposed to  vacuum-UV (V-UV) radiation at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory  (LNLS). Cell monolayers (containing 105 - 106 cells per sample) were  prepared over polycarbonate filters and irradiated under high vacuum  (10-5 Pa) with polychromatic synchrotron radiation. N. magadii was  remarkably resistant to high vacuum with a survival fraction of ((3.77  pm 0.76) x 10-2), larger than the one of D. radiodurans ((1.13 pm  0.23) x 10-2). The survival fraction of the haloarchaea H. volcanii, of  ((3.60 pm 1.80) x 10-4), was much smaller. Radiation resistance  profiles were similar between the haloarchaea and D. radiodurans for  fluencies up to 150 J m-2. For fluencies larger than 150 J m-2 there was  a significant decrease in the survival of haloarchaea, and in particular  H. volcanii did not survive. Survival for D. radiodurans was 1% after  exposure to the higher V-UV fluency (1350 J m-2) while N. magadii had a  survival lower than 0.1%. Such survival fractions are discussed  regarding the possibility of interplanetary transfer of viable  micro-organisms and the possible existence of microbial life in  extraterrestrial salty environments such as the planet Mars and the  Jupiter´s moon Europa. This is the first work reporting survival of  haloarchaea under simulated interplanetary conditions.","palabras_clave":"Astrobiology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112658,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Argentinian coastal waters: A temperate habitat for three species of threatened sea turtles","resumen":"Three out of the five threatened species of sea turtle occurring in the SW Atlantic Ocean are regularly found in the coastal waters of Argentina: green (Chelonia mydas), loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles. From 1995 to 2008, fishery and beach surveys were carried out along 2800 km coastline and reports from the public were gathered. Incidental capture in artisanal fisheries and strandings suggest that an important concentration of these species occurs in the estuarine, highly productive areas of Samboromb¨®n Bay (35¡ã30¡äS¨C36¡ã30¡äS) and El Rinc¨®n (39¡ãS¨C41¡ãS), although green and loggerhead turtles were also recorded as far south as northern Patagonian waters (42¡ã35¡äS¨C64¡ã17¡äW). Depending on the species, different age classes use these temperate areas probably as foraging grounds: small juvenile green turtles, juvenile to adult loggerheads and adult leatherbacks. All three species are mainly captured in small-scale, gillnet fisheries. This information provides an essential background to conduct further studies and propose mitigation plans to reduce sea turtle mortality in Argentina. Global conservation strategies will also benefit from including temperate environments of the SW Atlantic Ocean as regular habitats in the life history of threatened turtles.","palabras_clave":"BYCATCH|CHELONIA MYDAS | DERMOCHELYS CORIACEA|CARETTA CARETTA |SW ATLANTIC OCEAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112659,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ORGANIC SYNTHESIS IN WATER MEDIATED BY SILYL RADICALS","resumen":"This account is focused on highlighting the recent advances on synthetically-useful organic reactions employing siliconcenteredradicals in water, and presenting new reactions in water, mediated by silyl radicals. In doing so, several types of organic radicaltransformations will be discussed, such as reduction of organic halides utilizing non toxic organosilane reducing agents in water, transformationof azides into amines, synthesis of protecting silyl ethers in water, hydrosilylation reactions of carbon-carbon double and triplebonds, and radical cyclization reactions in water induced by silicon-centered radicals. More recently, intermolecular radical carboncarbonbond formation reactions mediated by silyl radicals have allowed the synthesis of perfluoroalkyl-substituted compounds in water,widening the scope for the syntheses of fluorophoes. These silicon radical-mediated chain reactions in water are initiated through differentmethods, among which, thermal, photochemical, and dioxygen initiations are reported to be the most successful methods in water. Aversatile aspect of the radical methodology employed in water will be presented in terms of dealing with water-soluble and organic solvent-soluble substrates in these silicon radical-mediated reactions in water. In this regard, for an efficient chain process to take place inwater, a chain carrier must be used when water-soluble substrates are employed, whereas organic solvent-soluble materials do not requirea chain transporter when silyl radicals are used in water.","palabras_clave":"RADICAL|SYNTHESIS|WATER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112660,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Water flux through human aquaporin 1: inhibition by intracellular furosemide and maximal  response with high osmotic gradients","resumen":"AbstractThis work studies water permeability properties of human aquaporin 1 (hAQP1) expressed in Xenopuslaevis oocyte membranes, applying a technique where cellular content is replaced with a known medium, with the possibility of measuring intracellular pressure. Consequences on water transport\u2014produced by well-known anisotonic gradients and by the intracellular effect of probable aquaporin inhibitors\u2014were tested. In this way, the specific intracellular inhibition of hAQP1 by the diuretic drug furosemide was demonstrated. In addition, experiments imposing anisotonic mannitol gradients with a constant ionic strength showed that the relationship between water flux and the applied mannitol gradient deflects from a perfect osmometer response when the gradient is higher than 150 mosmol kgW -1. These results would indicate that the passage of water molecules through hAQP1 may have a maximum rate. As a whole, this work demonstrates the technical advantage of controlling both intracellular pressure and medium composition in order to study biophysical properties of hAQP1, and contributes information on water channel behavior under osmotic challenges and the discovery of new inhibitors.","palabras_clave":"hAQP1    | Intracellular inhibition |Furosemide| Anisotonic gradients| Xenopus oocytes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112661,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ENaC channels in oocytes from Xenopus laevis and their regulation by xShroom1 protein","resumen":"Shroom is a family of related proteins linked to the actin cytoskeleton. xShroom1 is constitutively expressed in X. oocytes and is required for the expression of amiloride sensitive sodium channels (ENaC). Oocytes were injected with a, b, and&nbsp;g mENaC and xShroom1 sense or antisense oligonucleotides. We used voltage clamp techniques to study the amiloride-sensitive Na(+) currents (INa((amil))). We observed a marked reduction in INa((amil)) in oocytes co-injected with xShroom1 antisense. Oocytes expressing a DEG mutant â-mENaC subunit (â-S518K) with an open probability of 1 had enhanced INa((amil)) although these currents were also reduced when co-injected with xShroom1 antisense. Addition of low concentration (20 ng\/ml) of trypsin which activates the membrane-resident ENaC channels led to a slow increase in INa((amil)) in oocytes with xShroom1 sense but had no effect on the currents in oocytes coinjected with ENaC and xShroom1 antisense. The same results were obtained with higher concentrations of trypsin (2 ug\/ml) exposed during 2.5 min. In addition, fluorescence positive staining of plasma membrane in the oocytes expressing a,&nbsp;b and&nbsp;g mENaC and xShroom1 sense were observed but not in oocytes coinjected with ENaC and xShroom1 antisense oligonucleotides. On this basis, we suggest that xShroom1-dependent ENaC inhibition may be through the number of channels inserted in the membrane.","palabras_clave":"ENAC|SODIUM CURRENT|xSHROOM1|OOCYTES|TRYPSIN|IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112662,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Uroguanylin regulates net fluid secretion via the NHE2 isoform of the Na+\/H+ exchanger in an intestinal cellular model","resumen":"Uroguanylin (UGN) has been proposed as a key regulator of salt and water intestinal transport. Uroguanylin activates cell-surface guanylate cyclase C receptor (GC-C) and modulates cellular function via cyclic GMP (cGMP), thus increasing electrolyte and net water secretion. It has been suggested that the action of UGN could involve the Na+\/H+ exchanger, but the actual contribution of this transporter still remains unclear. The objective of our study was to investigate the putative effects of UGN on some members of the Na+\/H+ exchanger family (NHEs), as well as to clarify its consequences on transepithelial fluid flow in T84 cells. In order to do so, transepithelial fluid flow (Jv) was studied by optic techniques and intracellular pH (pHi) was measured with a fluorescence method. Results showed that NHE2 is found at the apical membrane and has a major role in Na+ absorption; NHE1 and NHE4 are localized at the basolateral membrane with a house-keeping role in steady state pHi. In the assayed conditions, cell exposure to apical UGN increases net secretory Jv, without changing short-circuit currents nor transepithelial resistance, and reduces NHE2 activity. Therefore, at physiological pH, the effect on net Jv was produced mainly by a reduction in normal Na+ absorption through NHE2, rather than by the stimulation of electrolyte secretion. Our study shows that the effect of UGN on pHi is GC-C\/cGMP-mediated and enhanced by sildenafil, thus involving PDE5 enzyme. Additionally, cell exposure to apical UGN results in intracellular alkalinization, probably due to indirect effects on basolateral NHE1 and NHE4, which have a major role in pHi regulation.","palabras_clave":"PERMEABILIDAD AL AGUA|PH INTRACELULAR|UROGUANILIN|CELULAS T84"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112663,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermal photon production in Au + Au collisions: Viscous corrections in two different hydrodynamic formalisms","resumen":"We calculate the spectra of produced thermal photons in Au&nbsp;+&nbsp;Au  collisions taking into account the nonequilibrium contribution to  photon production due to finite shear viscosity. The evolution of the  fireball is modeled by second-order as well as by divergence-type 2+1  dissipative hydrodynamics, both with an ideal equation of state and  with one based on Lattice QCD that includes an analytical crossover.  The spectrum calculated in the divergence-type theory is considerably  enhanced with respect to the one calculated in the second-order theory,  the difference being entirely due to differences in the viscous  corrections to photon production. Our results show that the differences  in hydrodynamic formalisms are an important source of uncertainty in  the extraction of the value of eta\/s from measured photon spectra. The uncertainty in the value of eta\/s  associated with different hydrodynamic models used to compute thermal  photon spectra is larger than the one occurring in matching hadron  elliptic flow to RHIC data.    ","palabras_clave":"THERMAL PHOTON SPECTRA|HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS|RELATIVISTIC DISSIPATIVE HYDRODYNAMICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112664,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interaction map of the Trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal P protein complex (stalk) and the elongation factor 2","resumen":"The   large subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome possesses a long and   protruding stalk formed by the ribosomal P proteins. This structure is   involved in the translation step of protein synthesis through   interaction with the elongation factor 2 (EF-2). The Trypanosoma cruzi   stalk complex is composed of four proteins of about 11 kDa, TcP1á,   TcP1â, TcP2á, TcP2â and a fifth TcP0 of about 34 kDa. In a previous   work, a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) protein-protein interaction map of T.   cruzi ribosomal P proteins was generated. In order to gain new insight   into the assembly of the stalk, a complete interaction map was generated   by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and the kinetics of each interaction   was calculated. All previously detected interactions were confirmed and   new interacting pairs were found, such as TcP1â-TcP2á and TcP1â-TcP2â.   Moreover P2 but not P1 proteins were able to homo-oligomerize. In   addition, the region comprising amino acids 210-270 on TcP0 was   identified as the region interacting with P1\/P2 proteins, using Y2H and   SPR. The interaction domains on TcP2â were also mapped by SPR   identifying two distinct regions. The assembly order of the pentameric   complex was assessed by SPR showing the existence of a hierarchy in the   association of the different P proteins forming the stalk. Finally, the   TcEF-2 gene was identified, cloned, expressed and refolded. Using SPR   analysis we showed that TcEF-2 bound with similar affinity to the four   P1\/P2 ribosomal P proteins of T. cruzi but with reduced affinity to   TcP0.   ","palabras_clave":"TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI|ELONGATION FACTOR 2|RIBOSOMAL P PROTEIN|PROTEIN INTERACTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112665,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quantitative trait loci for longevity in heat-stressed Drosophila melanogaster","resumen":"Longevity is a typical quantitative trait which is influenced by multiple genes. Here we explorethe genetic variation in longevity of Drosophila melanogaster in both mildly heat-stressed andthe genetic variation in longevity of Drosophila melanogaster in both mildly heat-stressed and control flies. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for longevity was performed in a single-sexcontrol flies. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for longevity was performed in a single-sex environment at 25°C with and without a mild heat-stress pre-treatment, using a previouslyenvironment at 25°C with and without a mild heat-stress pre-treatment, using a previously reported set of recombinant inbred lines (RIL). QTL regions for longevity in heat-stressed fliesreported set of recombinant inbred lines (RIL). QTL regions for longevity in heat-stressed flies overlapped with QTL for longevity in control flies. All longevity QTL co-localized with QTLoverlapped with QTL for longevity in control flies. All longevity QTL co-localized with QTL for longevity identified in previous studies using very different sets of RIL in mixed sexfor longevity identified in previous studies using very different sets of RIL in mixed sex environments, though the genome is nearly saturated with QTL for longevity when consideringenvironments, though the genome is nearly saturated with QTL for longevity when considering all previous studies. Heat stress decreased the number of significant QTL for longevity ifall previous studies. Heat stress decreased the number of significant QTL for longevity if compared to the control environment. Our mild heat-stress pre-treatment had a beneficial effectcompared to the control environment. Our mild heat-stress pre-treatment had a beneficial effect (hormesis) more often in shorter-lived than in longer-lived RIL.(hormesis) more often in shorter-lived than in longer-lived RIL.","palabras_clave":"thermal stress|hormesis|QTL|life span"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112666,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of the organophosphate insecticide azinphos-methyl on the reproduction and cholinesterase activity of Biomphalaria glabrata.","resumen":"Abstract      Azinphos-methyl is an organophosphate insecticide used for pest control on a number of food crops in many parts of the world. The snail Biomphalaria glabrata is a freshwater gastropod widely distributed in various parts of South America, Central America and Africa. The aim of the present work was to investigate whether azinphos-methyl causes alterations in the reproduction of B. glabrata. To this end, gastropod pigmented specimens were exposed to various concentrations of the insecticide (0.021, 0.5, 2.5, and 5 mg\/L) for either 2 or 14 days. Along 14 days, several reproduction parameters and cholinesterase (ChE) activity were evaluated. In each group, the number of egg masses, the number of eggs per mass, the number of hatchings, the time to hatching, and the survival of the offspring after one month of treatment was evaluated. The results show that, depending on the concentration and time of exposure, azinphos-methyl induces alterations in the reproduction of B. glabrata. These were represented fundamentally by a lower number of egg masses, and in some cases, by a lower or null number of hatchings. Thus, the gastropods exposed to 2.5 and 5 mg\/L of azinphos-methyl for 14 days showed ChE inhibitions higher than 35% along time and completely lost their ability to reproduce. On the other hand, exposure to high acute concentrations or exposure to low concentrations for 14 days resulted in ChE inhibition equal to or lower than 35% between 7 and 14 days of treatment and similar alterations in reproduction. These were represented by a decrease in the number of egg masses. At low pestice levels, the number of egg masses and the number of offspring resulted to be more sensitive biomarkers than ChE inhibition.","palabras_clave":"AZINPHOS-METHYL|FRESHWATER SNAIL|CHOLINESTERASE|REPRODUCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112667,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"APLICACIÓN DEL MODELO DRASTIC EN LA CUENCA DEL ARROYO LAS CONCHAS, ENTRE RIOS","resumen":"La demanda de la sociedad respecto al cuidado de la salud y del ambiente es cada vez mayor, requiriéndose la evaluación de potenciales impactos negativos producidos por las prácticas agropecuarias, entre ellos la contamienación de los recursos naturales por agroquímicos. El objetivo de este trabajo fué evaluar la vulnerabilidad general a la contaminación de un acuífero libre localizado en la cuenca agrícola del arroyo Las Conchas (Entre Ríos), que posee una superficie de 2.156,6 Km2 y alta densidad poblacional. Se utilizó el índice DRASTIC que se basa en la aplicación de siete parámetros hidrogeológicos, desarrollandose mapas para cada uno de ellos a partir del análisis de 82 fuentes de agua existente en la cuenca y de la selección de 39 ubicadas en el acuífero libre. El acuífero libre se localiza superficialmente entre los 0,39 m y los 12 m y en presencia de suelos con buena capacidad de drenaje. La vulnerabilidad general a la contaminación fué moderada y presenta homogeneidad en toda la cuenca. La zona más vulnerable está situada en el extremo NE (próximo a María Grande), coincidente con zonas planas en el paisaje y de acumulación de agua, mientras que el área centro-sur presenta menor vulnerabilidad, coincidiendo con una zona de mayor profundidad del acuífero y de baja recarga. La información generada constituye una base para la gestión ambiental y el desarrollo de buenas prácticas agropecuarias.","palabras_clave":"DRASTIC|VULNERABILIDAD|ACUÍFERO LIBRE|CONTAMINACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112668,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Leñosas perennes para ambientes afectados por salinidad. Una sinopsis de la contribución argentina a este tema","resumen":"La salinidad es una preocupación en la Argentina que, ocupa el tercer lugar después  de Rusia y Australia en cuanto a la superficie del suelo afectado por la salinidad. El propósito  de esta revisión es indicar la contribución de los científicos argentinos en el tema general de las  plantas leñosas perennes y la salinidad. Quedan expresamente excluidos de esta revisión los  estudios de la vegetación de lugares salinos y las investigaciones realizadas sobre especies no  leñosas. En Argentina, la atención se ha centrado particularmente en la tolerancia a la salinidad  de los árboles del bosque nativo, en especial en los miembros del género Prosopis, en los efectos  de la forestación sobre el agua y la salinidad del suelo, y en los microorganismos que interactúan  con árboles y arbustos en condiciones salinas. Además de estos temas específicos, se ha trabajado  sobre la tolerancia a la salinidad en otros árboles y en arbustos del género Atriplex.","palabras_clave":"ESTRÉS SALINO|BOSQUE NATIVO|ÁRBOLES|PROSOPIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112669,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Activation of the immune response against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus after intramuscular inoculation of an intermediate strain","resumen":"Infectious bursal disesase is a highly contagious, wide spread immunosuppressive chicken disease caused by the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV). IBDV is a two segmented double-strand RNA virus, member of the Birnaviridae family. In order to study the interaction between IBDV and the immune system, chickens were exposed to an intermediate IBDV strain by intramuscular route, and using Real Time PCR the expression of a panel of avian cytokines and chemokines in duodenum, spleen and bursa of Fabricius was analyzed. Also, splenic nitrite (NO&#8322;) production and the frequencies of different mononuclear cell populations were evaluated by Griess reaction and flow cytometry, respectively. Intramuscular (i.m.) IBDV inoculation promoted an over expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-15 and gIFN in spleen, which correlated with an increase of gIFN plasma concentration measured by ELISA, together with an increment of NO&#8322; concentration in splenocyte supernatants at 1dpi. Results obtained in the present work showed that IBDV of intermediate virulence, given i.m., induced similar effects to those previously described for highly virulent IBDV in early innate immune responses. Considering that the i.m. route is the route of choice for the delivery of new generation vaccines, and that the use of recombinant antigens also requires the addition of adjuvants for proper immune stimulation, results presented here could contribute to identify suitable cytokines to be used or to be stimulated when utilizing subunit vaccines, for the improvement of prevention tools for avian health.","palabras_clave":"Avian cellular immunity|Avian cytokines|nfectious Bursal Disease Virus|Innate immunity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112670,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Fecha de siembra, grupos de maduración y espaciamientos entre surcos en soja. Campaña 2010\/11.","resumen":"Resumen del trabajo","palabras_clave":"FECHAS DE SIEMBRA|GRUPOS DE MADURACIÓN|ESPACIAMIENTO ENTRE SURCOS|SOJA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112671,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in Argentinean dairy farms","resumen":"El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las características fenotípicas y genotípicas deStreptococcus uberis aislados de casos de mastitis subclínica (MSC) y examinar la posible asociación entre ambascaracterísticas. Un total de 32 cepas de S. uberis fueron aisladas de 772 muestras de leche de cuartos mamarios(MSC &gt; 25 0000 células\/ml) colectadas de 195 vacas seleccionadas al azar pertenecientes a 18 tambos lecheroslocalizados en Argentina. Las cepas de S. uberis fueron caracterizadas fenotípicamente sobre la base de la presenciade factores de virulencia tales como el factor activador del plasminógeno (FAP), la hialuronidasa (HIA), la cápsula(CAP) y el factor CAMP. Además, fueron caracterizadas genotípicamente por electroforesis de campos pulsados(PFGE). Las cepas de S. uberis expresaron el factor activador del plasminógeno, la hialuronidasa o la cápsula (65,5 %,56,3 % y 59,4 %, respectivamente), pero solo el 25 % fueron CAMP positivas. Sobre la base de la combinación delos factores de virulencia se identificaron 13 perfiles de virulencia diferentes. Asimismo, se identificaron 18 patronesde PFGE con un 90 % de similitud entre las 32 cepas de S. uberis. Se presentó una gran diversidad de perfiles devirulencia y patrones de PFGE entre los tambos. Cepas con el mismo patrón de PFGE presentaron perfiles de virulenciadiferentes. Las cepas de S. uberis causantes de MSC en bovinos incluidas en el presente estudio mostraronheterogeneidad con respecto a sus características fenotípicas y genotípicas, y los patrones de PFGE no estuvieronasociados con los perfiles de virulencia.","palabras_clave":"STREPTOCOCCUS UBERIS|MASTITIS SUBCLINICA BOVINA|ELECTROFORESIS DE CAMPOS PULSADOS|FACTORES DE VIRULENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112672,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Proinflammatory cytokines and CD14 expression in mammary tissue of cows following intramammary inoculation of Panax ginseng at drying off","resumen":"The lack of efficacy of conventional strategies for the maintenance of healthy udders in domestic cattle has prompted studies on the use of immunomodulators or biological response modifiers (BRM) for this purpose. These compounds are agents that modify thehost\u2019s response to pathogens leading to beneficial effects on disease outcome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single intramammary infusion of Panax ginseng (GS) extract on the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the number of monocytes\/macrophages present in bovine mammary tissues at drying off. Eight mammary quarters from six nonpregnant cows in late lactation were infused with 10mL of GS (3 mg\/mL), six quarters were treated with 10mL of placebo (vehicle alone) and six quarters were maintained as uninoculated controls. The analyses of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) by immunohistochemistry revealed that the production of this proinflammatory cytokine significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) in the inoculated mammary glands of cows following BRM inoculation, whereas the interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1) and IL-6 staining area was not affected by BRM treatment. The number of monocytes\/macrophages detected with CD14 antibody was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in BRM-treated quarters than in placebo and uninoculated control quarters. These results indicated an immunomodulator potential of the BRM used. The beneficial effect of the extract could be used as alternative therapy in the control of mastitis at drying off, either alone or in conjunction with dry cow antibiotic therapy.Panax ginseng (GS) extract on the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the number of monocytes\/macrophages present in bovine mammary tissues at drying off. Eight mammary quarters from six nonpregnant cows in late lactation were infused with 10mL of GS (3 mg\/mL), six quarters were treated with 10mL of placebo (vehicle alone) and six quarters were maintained as uninoculated controls. The analyses of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) by immunohistochemistry revealed that the production of this proinflammatory cytokine significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) in the inoculated mammary glands of cows following BRM inoculation, whereas the interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1) and IL-6 staining area was not affected by BRM treatment. The number of monocytes\/macrophages detected with CD14 antibody was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in BRM-treated quarters than in placebo and uninoculated control quarters. These results indicated an immunomodulator potential of the BRM used. The beneficial effect of the extract could be used as alternative therapy in the control of mastitis at drying off, either alone or in conjunction with dry cow antibiotic therapy.","palabras_clave":"BOVINE MAMMARY GLAND|PANAX GINSENG|IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY|CYTOKINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112673,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mapa de situación del cooperativismo agropecuario argentino 2007","resumen":"El presente artículo ofrece el análisis de datos inéditos del Censo de Información Económica Sectorial de Cooperativas y Mutuales. Sector Agropecuario, 2007 realizado por el INAES. En primera instancia se presenta una breve retrospectiva del origen y la evolución del cooperativismo agropecuario comparando en forma agregada los registros estadísticos del año 1998 con los datos obtenidos en el Censo de 2007. En segunda instancia se procede al análisis específico de la información censal de 2007 para las cooperativas agropecuarias de primer grado, focalizando sobre datos generales tales como, el número de entidades y asociados por región, las actividades y servicios ofrecidos, el personal empleado, la situación económica y el nivel de participación en la comercialización agropecuaria. Finalmente, se reseña el panorama general de la actividad cooperativa agropecuaria que permite realizar algunas reflexiones en torno al peso de la actividad cooperativa en la economía nacional.","palabras_clave":"Cooperativismo|Agropecuario|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112674,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El cooperativismo agropecuario argentino en la actualidad. Presentación y análisis de tres casos desde la perspectiva del capital social","resumen":"En este trabajo, presentamos una caracterización sobre el cooperativismo agropecuario en la Argentina del último tiempo desde una lente en particular: la capacidad de estas organizaciones para generar capital social, traducida en la presentación de algunos casos concretos. De este modo, el trabajo (que forma parte de una investigación mayor) se divide en dos apartados y conclusiones. En el primero de ellos destacamos los aspectos teóricos en torno al capital social y las organizaciones cooperativas. En el segundo, mostramos, desde la clave teórica anterior, tres casos de cooperativas, de distinto tipo, de larga data en nuestro país: FeCoVita, AFA y SanCor. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada, se consideró una exhaustiva revisión de bibliografía vinculada al tema del capital social y, para la preparación de los casos, se tuvieron en cuenta información institucional provista por cada organización, estudios especializados y entrevistas en profundidad.                   ","palabras_clave":"COOPERATIVISMO AGROPECUARIO|CAPITAL SOCIAL|ARGENTINA|ESTUDIO DE CASOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112675,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An applied printing immunoassay with recombinant Nc-SAG1 for detection of antibodies to Neospora caninum in cattle","resumen":"Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes an important reproductive disease in cattle. Neospora caninum surface antigen 1 (Nc-SAG1) is an immunodominant candidate for the development of a diagnostic reagent for neosporosis. The current study describes the development and evaluation of an antigen print immunoassay (APIA) with recombinant Nc-SAG1 for the detection of specific antibodies to N. caninum in cattle. The concordance between APIA and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated with 232 serum samples from experimentally and naturally infected cattle. Sixty-one (26.7%) samples were positive for antibodies to N. caninum by ELISA and 58 (25.4%) by APIA. The new assay had a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 96%. These results, along with the potential of APIA to evolve into a multiple antigen detection format, suggest that this method would be a reliable diagnostic test for detection of antibodies to N. caninum in cattle.","palabras_clave":"Applied printing immunoassay|diagnosis|Neospora caninum| Nc-SAG1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112676,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Productividad de cultivares de soja  pertenecientes a diferentes grupos de madurez en cinco fechas de siembra, Rafaela, Santa Fe,  2010\/11","resumen":"Con el objetivo de cuantificar la adaptabilidad y estabilidad de variedades de soja en diferentes fechas de siembra e identificar el comportamiento fenológico de las mismas, anualmente se conduce en la EEA Rafaela un ensayo que evalúa&nbsp; variedades de soja, pertenecientes a diferentes grupos de madurez y hábitos de crecimiento, en fechas de siembra escalonadas dentro de un rango aceptable para la región. El mismo constituye parte de las actividades&nbsp; del Programa Nacional de Oleaginosas del INTA. Durante la campaña 2010\/11 se evaluaron 9 cultivares resistentes a glifosato (RR o RG) con hábito de crecimiento (HC) determinado e indeterminado y pertenecientes a los grupos de madurez&nbsp; (GM) III a VI y VIII en cinco fechas de siembra (FS): 20\/10, 19\/11, 01\/12, 21\/12 y 10\/01. Los materiales incluidos fueron: * GM III: DM 3810 RR, indeterminado. * GM IV: DM 4250 RR, DM 4970 RR, ambos indeterminados. * GM V: MG5631 RG, determinado y RA 516, indeterminado. * GM VI: NA6517 RG, determinado y RA 633, indeterminado. * GM VIII: NA7708 RG, determinado y NA8009 RG, indeterminado. El GM VI fue el de mayor rendimiento a través de las diferentes FS y entre los materiales, se destacaron NA6517RG y MG5631, ambos de HC determinado y de los GM VI y V, respectivamente. También, NA6517RG y MG5631 mostraron ser variedades estables y, en este último aspecto, se sumaron RA633 y NA8009RG, ambas de HC indeterminado y con rendimientos superiores. La FS de noviembre y principios de diciembre tuvieron rendimientos medios excelentes, y en ellas se expresó el potencial de rendimiento para cada una de las variedades. En la FS de octubre y diciembre tardía, que se encuentran dentro de la ventana de siembra recomendada para la región, los rendimientos declinaron con respecto a las centrales (noviembre y diciembre temprana), pero mantuvieron productividades muy aceptables. En la FS más tardía (10\/01), se obtuvieron las menores productividades individuales. La respuesta del rendimiento de granos a través de las diferentes fechas de siembra es la que se puede esperar en la región bajos la mayoría de las condiciones de oferta ambiental. También se presenta la evolución de la fenología de las variedades en intervalos de cinco días y que puede ser utilizada para orientar la planificación de la siembra según objetivos tales como diversificación de la ocurrencia de las etapas críticas y el escalonamiento de la cosecha. ","palabras_clave":"SOJA |FECHAS DE SIEMBRA|GRUPOS DE MADUREZ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112677,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación y comparación de híbridos de maíz , campaña 2010-2011.Gálvez-Departamento San Jerónimo-Santa Fe","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"EVALUACIÓN|HÍBRIDOS|MAÍZ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112678,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aportes de carbono en 11 años de fertilización con N, P y S en una rotación agrícola.","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"CARBONO|FERTILIZACIÓN|ROTACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112679,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estado nutricional del cultivo de soja en la provincia de Santa Fe.","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"NUTRICIÓN|SOJA|SANTA FE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112680,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Rendimiento industrial de soja en la provincia de Santa Fe,  Argentina.","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"RENDIMIENTO|SOJA|SANTA FE|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112681,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La fuerza de reacción terrestre durante la marcha normal y protésica parte 1","resumen":"El análisis cinético se ocupa del estudio  del movimiento teniendo en  cuenta las solicitaciones mecánicas que lo generan,incluyendo el estudio de fuerzas de reacción terrestre, movimientos de torsión, tensiones en la interfase hueso-articulaciónhueso, tensiones musculares y niveles energéticos [3], para lo cual se requiere del conocimiento de las fuerzas actuantes y de un modelo cinético.","palabras_clave":"protesis|ingenieria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112682,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La fuerza de reacción terrestre durante la marcha normal y protésica parte 2","resumen":"El análisis cinético se ocupa del estudio del movimiento   teniendo en cuenta las solicitaciones mecánicas que lo generan,incluyendo el estudio de fuerzas de reacción terrestre, movimientos de torsión, tensiones en la interfase hueso-rticulaciónhueso,tensiones musculares y niveles energéticos, para lo cual se requiere del conocimiento de las fuerzas actuantes y de un modelo  cinético. Conocer y evaluar las fuerzas que generan el movimiento permite profundizar en las causas de las alteraciones de la marcha","palabras_clave":"protesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112683,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing strawberry crown and root rot in Northwestern Argentina","resumen":"The winter strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) industry in subtropical regions is characterized by early-season fruit production, a time when crop value is the highest. This is the case of the northwestern province of Tucuman (27°S), Argentina´s largest winter strawberry growing area (2). Collapsed and dying strawberry plants of cv. Camarosa were observed in commercial farms in Tucumán in September 2007 with an incidence of 16%. Crowns and roots of affected plants revealed dark, external and internal browning tissue with several dark, oblong, subepidermal sclerotia. Pieces of necrotic crowns and roots disinfested with 0.6% chloride for 30 s were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA). After 4 days of incubation at 25°C with constant fluorescent lighting, dark cultures with numerous, dark, oblong sclerotia immersed in the isolation medium were observed. Sclerotia size ranged from 70 to 120 &#956;m in 7-day-old cultures. The isolated fungus was identified as Macrophomina phaseolina (3). Ostiolate pycnidia bearing ellipsoidal, hyaline conidia were rarely observed on the affected host tissue (1). Pathogenicity tests were performed on micropropagated nursery plants grown in sterile potting soil under greenhouse conditions for 3 months. Single-sclerotia culture was grown in PDA at 25°C for 4 days. Then, sterile wooden toothpicks were placed on the medium for seven additional days to allow fungal colonization. Prior to use, toothpicks were autoclaved twice in deionized water and once in V8 juice (4). Four plants of Camarosa, Camino Real, Pajaro, and Chandler cultivars were inoculated by inserting a colonized toothpick into the crown. Sterile toothpicks were inserted into crowns of control plants. All plants were incubated under greenhouse conditions. The experimental setting was a randomized complete design with two replicates per cultivar. Inoculated plants developed wilting in one or more leaves 6 days after inoculation. Most of the inoculated plants (90%) collapsed or died within 2 weeks, while control plants remained healthy during the observation period. The reisolated fungus from affected plants was morphologically and culturally identical to the inoculated isolates. M. phaseolina has been reported in the province of Santa Fe (~32°S) where winters are humid and cold (1), contrasting with Tucumán winters, which are dry and cold, both highly conducive conditions for the development of the disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. phaseolina, an emerging pathogen, considered as a potential threat for northwestern Argentina´s strawberry industry, which is recognized as a major source of employment and income in this region.","palabras_clave":"FRAGARIA ANANASSA DUCH.|MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112684,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aportes para la Investigación de la Enseñanza de las Artes en la Formación de Profesores","resumen":"Nos  proponemos en este artículo dar cuenta de dos momentos de la investigación titulada  ?La enseñanza de las artes en la Formación Docente Inicial: estudio de las  configuraciones didácticas en las prácticas de enseñanza del Nivel Superior? que  llevamos a cabo actualmente; son estos momentos el de  su proyección y el de su puesta en marcha. En esa dirección, presentaremos  inicialmente una reseña extensa de los principales componentes atendidos en el proyecto,  el que comporta cierta novedad debido al grado de tratamiento que el dominio a  investigar ha recibido en el contexto argentino. Sumaremos a lo anterior la  consideración preliminar de ciertas cuestiones vinculadas al inicio de la  ejecución de dicho proyecto; reseñaremos allí, entonces, algunas de las  referidas a cierta potencialidad no advertida en su origen y a la necesaria  atención de la orientación metodológica que requiere esa instancia, en tanto esperamos  contribuir a la formación de investigadores en el sector focalizado por la  investigación.","palabras_clave":"FORMACIÓN DOCENTE EN ARTES|CONFIGURACIONES DIDÁCTICAS|CONSTRUCCIÓN METODOLÓGICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112685,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A comparative study of culture methods and polymerase chain reaction assay for Salmonella detection in poultry feed","resumen":"The present work compared 2 culture  methods and PCR assay for the detection of motile  and non-motile Salmonella strains using artificially  contaminated poultry feed. The specificity was 1 in all  methods. The accuracy and sensitivity were between  0.5 and 1 for motile Salmonella strains, whereas these  parameters were between 0 and 0.6 for non-motile Salmonella  strains. The positive predictive value was 1  for tetrathionate (TT), PCR, and modified semisolid  Rappaport-Vassiliadis (MSRV) methods in most of the  strains studied. The negative predictive value of each  method was very low for non-motile Salmonella strains.  The detection level of motile strains was 8 to 20 cfu\/25  g for all methods, whereas it was &#8805;104 cfu\/25 g in culture  methods for non-motile Salmonella strains. In general,  the PCR method detected lower non-motile Salmonella  contamination levels in feed than did culture  methods. Extending incubation time of the enrichment  medium to 6 d in the TT method did not improve the  isolation rates. All selective plating media did not show  any statistical differences in the parameters of performance  studied. Kappa coefficients showed that there  was good agreement between TT and MSRV methods,  and MSRV and PCR methods for motile Salmonella  strains in poultry feed samples. The agreement was fair  between TT and PCR methods for these strains. For  non-motile Salmonella strains, there was poor (TT and  MSRV methods), slight (PCR and TT methods), and  fair (MSRV and PCR methods) agreement. The TT,  MSRV, and PCR methods are similar in terms of accuracy,  sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value,  and negative predictive value for different motile Salmonella  strains in poultry feed. For non-motile Salmonella  strains, the use of the PCR method improves the  same parameters, described before, in this matrix. The  difference in detection levels obtained with the methods  used for motile and nonmotile Salmonella strains and  the difficulty to detect these last strains represent a  potential problem, when a poultry feed sample is considered  negative for the presence of Salmonella.","palabras_clave":"Salmonella |poultry feed|culture method|polymerase chain reaction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112686,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Persistencia del herbicida imazapir en el suelo y efectos fitotóxicos sobre cultivos de invierno y de verano","resumen":"Imazapyr is a broad-spectrum herbicide of the imidazolinone chemical family that in Argentina is used on imidazolinone-  tolerant corn and sunflower (Clearfield). Determining the persistence of imazapyr is important since  its level of activity in the soil is high. The objective of this study was to determine the phytotoxic persistence of  two doses of imazapyr applied on winter and summer Clearfield sunflower crops. The experiment was performed  in a clay loam soil of Balcarce (Province of Buenos Aires) using an experimental design consisting of randomized  complete blocks with four replications. Treatments included spraying of 80 and 160 g of imazapyr  (active ingredient) a.i.\/ha and a non-treated control. Soil samples were collected every month after the sunflower  harvest (March 2003). At the end of the sampling period, a bioassay in a growth chamber was performed with  non-tolerant wheat, canola, sunflower and maize. Concurrently, non-imidazolinone tolerant maize and sunflower  as well as potato were seeded in the field and their yield was measured. Results were analyzed by variance  analysis (p = 0.5). Duration of phytotoxic persistence determined with the bioassay could be aligned as follows:  wheat > canola > sunflower = maize. In the field, none of the crops showed negative effects indicating absence  of residual effect in the crops.","palabras_clave":"imidazolinonas|bioensayos|residualidad|clearfield"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112687,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Ciclo de Conferencias Técnicas en Avicultura 2011 - Módulo Aves de traspatio","resumen":"Los temas abordados son 'Valores económicos para la selección del pollo campero' y 'Crianza semiintensiva de ponedoras y pollos para un mercado no tradicional'.Se consideraron el procedimiento para la obtención de valores económicos, la estimación de parámetraos genéticos y la evaluación de la eficiencia relativa de diferentes índices de selección en la población de pollos Campero-INTA.Se establecieron las diferencias entre las formas de crianza de aves, siendo la producción intensiva la que se realiza con gallinas en jaulas y pollos parrilleros criados en confinamiento, con alta densidad poblacional y sistemas industrializados. En tanto las producciones semi-extensivas se llevan a cabo con gallinas a piso.","palabras_clave":"AVICULTURA|POLLO|AVES|ALIMENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112688,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Decoupling electrocaloric effect from Joule heating in a solid state cooling device","resumen":"We report a heat dynamics analysis of the electrocaloric effect (ECE) in commercial multilayercapacitors based on BaTiO3 dielectric, a promising candidate for applications as a solid statecooling device. Direct measurements of the time evolution of the sample?s temperature changesunder different applied voltages allow us to decouple the contributions from Joule heating andfrom the ECE. Heat balance equations were used to model the thermal coupling between differentparts of the system. Fingerprints of Joule heating and the ECE could be resolved at different timescales. We argue that Joule heating and the thermal coupling of the device to the environment mustbe carefully taken in to account in future developments of refrigeration technologies employing theECE","palabras_clave":"electrocaloric|joule|refrigeration"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112689,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":". Destete precoz y desempeño reproductivo en vacas tratadas con progesterona intravaginal.","resumen":"El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto del momento del destete precoz (DP) envacas con cría tratadas con progesterona intravaginal sobre las características de la ovulacióny la eficiencia reproductiva. Se realizaron 2 experimentos con animales de raza Hereford y Polled-Hereford. Exp.1: 38 vacas de baja condición corporal (3,3±0,8; media±DE; escala de 1 a 9) con 55,7±8,8 días posparto y Exp. 2: 35 vacas de alta condición corporal (5,4±0,9) con 57,5±15,9días posparto. El día 0 todos los animales recibieron un dispositivo intravaginal (DIV) impregnadocon 0,5 g de progesterona más 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol (BE; im). El día 8 se retiró el DIV, se aplicó 500 &#956;g de cloprostenol sódico (im) y 24 horas después se aplicó 1 mg de BE. Los animales fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente a 4 tratamientos: T1): DP diez días antes de colocar el DIV; T2): DP el día de colocación del DIV; T3): DP el día del retiro del DIV y T4): Control con cría al pie. Todas las vacas fueron inseminadas a tiempo fijo a las 56 h del retiro de los DIV. En ambos experimentos se evaluó mediante ultrasonografía la dinámica folicular, el momento y distribución de las ovulaciones y la preñez. Se determinó la concentración plasmática de progesterona para evaluar la funcionalidad y la vida media del cuerpo lúteo generado por la ovulación inducida en los vientres que no resultaron preñados. En vacas de baja condición corporal (Exp.1), el diámetro del folículo dominante al retiro del DIV en el tratamiento T2","palabras_clave":"Vacas de cría|Inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112690,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Avances en el estudio de la demanda energética de las labores en caña de azúcar","resumen":"A","palabras_clave":"ENERGIA|LABORES|CAÑA|AZUCAR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112691,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación del efecto de diferentes diseños de cuchillas de corte primario en la implantación de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) En siembra directa, con distintos niveles de rastrojo de maíz","resumen":"En los planteos productivos actuales el logro de las condiciones adecuadas para permitir una emergencia rápida y uniforme resulta un aspecto crítico. Un problema básico asociado con la siembra directa es la ubicación de la semilla bajo el residuo del cultivo anterior. En este sentido, el desempeño de los órganos de corte de residuos y remoción de suelo adquieren relevancia y merecen una especial atención al momento de seleccionarlos y regularlos para la realización de la labor de siembra. Con el objetivo de evaluar las prestaciones de diferentes diseños de cuchillas de corte primario en siembra directa de trigo, se realizó un ensayo en el marco del Convenio firmado entre la Universidad de Morón (UM) y el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), bajo condiciones de alta humedad edáfica sobre un suelo argiudol vértico. Se probaron tres cuchillas turbo de 25, 20 y 19 ondas, una directa de 20 ondas y una lisa, todas ellas de 43,18 cm (17?) de diámetro, en un diseño en bloques completamente aleatorizados (DBCA). Fue evaluada la eficiencia de implantación, la profundidad efectiva de siembra y el desarrollo de las plántulas. El diseño de las cuchillas afectó la eficiencia de implantación dependiendo de los distintos contenidos de rastrojo. Las mayores profundidades efectivas y la menor variabilidad de este parámetro se alcanzaron con menores contenidos de rastrojo. El grado de desarrollo de las plántulas no se vio modificado por los distintos diseños de cuchillas ensayados.","palabras_clave":"SIEMBRA DIRECTA|ENSAYO DE CUCHILLAS|TRIGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112692,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Desuniformidad de distribución espacial: Caracterización de su impacto sobre el rendimiento de maíz (Zea mays L.)","resumen":"Dadas las discrepancias respecto al impacto de la desuniformidad en el arreglo espacial en el rendimiento del cultivo de maíz, se realizó un ensayo para caracterizar este fenómeno, conforme al criterio utilizado por la Norma ISO 7256\/1 de evaluación de sembradoras de precisión. En este sentido, se analizó la respuesta del rendimiento individual frente al área disponible por planta y a la simetría espacial en la línea de siembra, así como la respuesta del rendimiento respecto a la densidad del cultivo y a la desuniformidad de distribución de las plantas. Tanto el rendimiento individual como el del cultivo se asociaron linealmente con la densidad poblacional. Sin embargo, no se observó dependencia con la uniformidad de distribución en la línea de siembra, cuando se los evaluó a través del desvío estándar o el coeficiente de variación.  De acuerdo a los índices propuestos por la Norma ISO 7256\/1, se estableció que la existencia de fallas generó una disminución en la densidad poblacional y una caída del rendimiento, mientras que la ocurrencia de duplicaciones causó el efecto opuesto en ambas variables. Consecuentemente, los efectos de una distribución desuniforme sobre el rendimiento del cultivo están dados por su impacto en la densidad poblacional.","palabras_clave":"MAIZ|DESUNIFORMIDAD|RENDIMIENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112693,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"BASES PARA EL MANEJO DE VICIA COMO ANTECESOR DEL CULTIVO DE MAIZ","resumen":"Son numerosos los usos que se puede dar al cultivo de vicia. Las especies Vicia villosa y Vicia sativa, son las que predominan en la utilización como cultivos de cobertura. Las funciones más importantes que cumplen como coberturas en sistemas de siembra directa, son fijación de nitrógeno (N) atmosférico, control de malezas invernales-estivales, reducción de la erosión del suelo (protegen al suelo del impacto de la gota de lluvia generando un menor escurrimiento superficial y las raíces generan canales que mejoran la infiltración), mejorar la eficiencia del uso del agua, etc. A pesar de los múltiples beneficios que los cultivos de cobertura aportan al sistema de producción, pueden tener efectos adversos con un manejo inadecuado.","palabras_clave":"MINERALIZACION|NITROGENO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112694,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Systematic Analysis of Protease Gene Expression in the Rhesus Macaque Ovulatory Follicle: Metalloproteinase Involvement in Follicle Rupture","resumen":"Protease genes were identified that exhibited increased mRNA levels before and immediately after rupture of the naturally selected, dominant follicle of rhesus macaques at specific intervals after an ovulatory stimulus. Quantitative real-time PCR validation revealed increased mRNA levels for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1, MMP9, MMP10, and MMP19) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like repeats (ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS9, and ADAMTS15) family members, the cysteine protease cathepsin L (CTSL), the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU), and the aspartic acid protease pepsinogen 5 (PGA5). With the exception of MMP9, ADAMTS1, and PGA5, mRNA levels for all other up-regulated proteases increased significantly (P MMP1, &#8722;10, and &#8722;19; ADAMTS1, &#8722;4, and &#8722;9; CTSL; PLAU; and PGA5 also exhibited a secondary increase in mRNA levels in 36&#8722;h postovulatory follicles. To further determine metalloproteinase involvement in ovulation, vehicle (n = 4) or metalloproteinase inhibitor (GM6001, 0.5 ìg\/follicle, n = 8) was injected into the preovulatory follicle at the time of hCG administration. Of the eight GM6001-injected follicles, none displayed typical stigmata indicative of ovulation at 72 h after hCG; whereas all four vehicle-injected follicles ovulated. No significant differences in mean luteal progesterone levels or luteal phase length occurred between the two groups. Subsequent histological analysis revealed that vehicle-injected follicles ruptured, whereas GM6001-injected follicles did not, as evidenced by an intact stroma and trapped oocytes (n = 3). These findings demonstrate metalloproteinases are critical for follicle rupture in primates, and blocking their activity would serve as a novel, nonhormonal means to achieve contraception. ","palabras_clave":"OVARY|OVULATION|PROTEASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112695,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vaccination of one-day-old broiler chicks against Infectious Coryza","resumen":"In order to evaluate the protection conferred by an experimental inactivated vaccine against infectious coryza, three challenge trials were undertaken using 112 1-day-old broilers. The vaccine \u2018\u2018Hepa Inmuno NC\u2019\u2019 included bacterial antigens of Avibacterium paragallinarum (serogroups A, B, variant B, and C) as well as antigens of Newcastle virus and hepatitis virus. Fifty-six broiler chicks were vaccinated at the first day of life at the hatchery while another 56 chicks were left unvaccinated. Three infection trials were conducted simultaneously using each of the three serogroups A, B, or C of Av. paragallinarum. In each trial, 17 vaccinated and 17 unvaccinated broilers were used. Challenge was performed at day 31 of life by injection, into the left infraorbital sinus, of approximately 1 3 105 colony forming units of the corresponding Av. paragallinarum strain. Clinical signs were recorded on day 2 postchallenge. All broilers were euthanatized and both infraorbital sinuses were bacteriologically examined for the presenceof Av. paragallinarum on day 5 postchallenge. In comparison with the unvaccinated broilers, the vaccine significantly reduced the number of broilers with clinical signs after challenge with serogroup B, and significantly fewer vaccinated broilers were positive for the presence of Av. paragallinarum after challenge with serogroup C. On the other hand, no significant protection was observed when broilers were challenged with Av. paragallinarum from serogroup A. Despite the high infection rates in vaccinated chicks after an experimental infection with Av. paragallinarum, it was possible to reduce colonization of Av. paragallinarum (serogroup B) and clinical signs (serogroup C) in broiler chicks by vaccination at the first day of life. Further cross-protection trials should be done, including other Av. paragallinarum strains in the vaccine, especially those from&nbsp; serogroup A. ","palabras_clave":"AVIBACTERIUM PARAGALLINARUM|BROILER|INFECTIOUS CORYZA|VACCINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112696,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spike fertility and duration of stem elongation as promising traits to improve potential grain number (and yield): variation in modern Argentinean wheats.","resumen":"The identification of physiological traits that determine grain number (and yield) in modern cultivars, and the possible tradeoffs among them, may help to detect promising traits for breeding to increase yield potential. High-yielding Argentinean wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were grown under irrigated and high-input conditions during two seasons to study (i) yield and grain number m&#8722;2 (GN) as a result of stover biomass at harvest (SH) and harvest index (HI); and (ii) spike dry weight at anthesis (SDWa; g m&#8722;2) and spike fertility index (SFI; grain number per gram of spike chaff or non-grain spike biomass). Duration of the stem elongation phase (SEP; first node detectable to anthesis) was analyzed as an alternative to increase SDWa. The HI was highly associated with yield differences between cultivars for both years, independently of stem height. In contrast, SH did not vary among cultivars in either season (P > 0.05). The GN determined yield differences between cultivars and was highly associated with SFI and SDWa for both years and cycles. Some cultivars with the same anthesis date showed stable variation for duration of the SEP between years (despite the year × cultivar interaction observed). As the SFI and duration of the SEP were not related, it seems promising to increase GN in a cultivar with high SFI through an increased duration of the SEP (which may yield higher SWDa) or vice versa","palabras_clave":"WHEAT|YIELD POTENTIAL|BREEDING|YIELD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112697,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First report of Sclerotinia rot on blueberry caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Argentina","resumen":"Pérez, Beatriz Alida; Farinón, Omar Marcelo; Berretta, Marcelo Facundo.Tít. Analit.:First report of Sclerotinia rot on blueberry caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Argentina.Autor:American Phytopathological Society. APS.Serie:Plant disease. v. 95, no. 6 (2011).P.imprenta:US. p. 774.","palabras_clave":"PLANT FUNGI|PLANT PATHOGENS|VACCINIUM CORYMBOSUM|FRUIT CROPS|PLANT DISEASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112698,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First report of Fusarium solani causing root rot of olive in southeastern Argentina","resumen":"In Argentina, olive (Olea europaea L.) is cultivated in the mountainous, warm, arid northwest (Andes range), where Fusarium solani (blue sporodochia) is frequently found to be causing death of nursery and young field plants. Recently, olive orchards were established more than 1,600 km to the southeast (Pampas) in a plain with a temperate and humid climate and in the arid Patagonia, both influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. This area includes part of Buenos Aires and Rio Negro provinces. In March 2008, 10-year-old \u2018Barnea\u2019 olive trees with high incidence of root rot, dried leaves, dead branches, and dead plants were observed in the Coronel Dorrego District of Buenos Aires Province, where oat, barley or other cereals are planted between rows of olive trees. Planting material originated from olive nurseries located in Mendoza Province, 1,200 km from Coronel Dorrego. Diseased roots were disinfected in 2% NaOCl and 70% ethanol, cut into small pieces, plated onto rose bengal-glycerin-urea medium, and incubated at 20°C with a 12-h photopheriod. A fungus was purified through successive transfers of hyphal tips from the margin of a sparsely growing colony onto 2% water agar. Colonies grown on Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar and carnation leaf-piece agar were used for morphological identification, and those on grown on potato dextrose agar were used for evaluation of pigmentation and colony growth rate. Sporodochium color, cream, was typical of F. solani (Mart.) Sacc. This isolate was deposited in the IMYZA Microbial Collection as INTA-IMC 73. Mycelium was cultured in liquid Czapek-Dox medium supplemented with sucrose, peptone, yeast extract, sodium nitrate, and vitamins for 4 days and fungal DNA was obtained with a DNA extraction kit. Primers ITS1 and ITS4 were used to amplify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal genes. The purified PCR product was sequenced and the DNA sequence compared with GenBank records. The sequence shared 100% identity with 27 entries for F. solani and 97% identity with F. solani obtained from olive in Nepal, corresponding to EU912432 and EU912433. The nucleotide sequence was registered in GenBank as JF299258. Pathogenicity was confirmed on \u2018Manzanilla\u2019 plants at the eight-leaf stage. Pieces of water agar with mycelium were applied to small wounds at the stem base and on roots of 10 plants and were covered with cotton soaked in sterile distilled water. Plants were incubated at 20°C and a 14-h photoperiod. On control plants, water agar pieces without mycelium were applied to the wounds. After 33 days, inoculated plants showed dark brown lesions (average length 1.4 cm) and leaf chlorosis. Two plants showed wilting with leaves remaining attached to branches. F. solani was reisolated from roots and stem bases of inoculated plants. Controls remained asymptomatic. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani occurring on olive in the temperate part of the Pampas of Argentina where cereals, which are susceptible to Fusarium species, are grown with olive trees. Sporodochium color (cream) of these isolates differed from the blue color of previously reported isolates of F. solani on olive in northwestern Argentina.","palabras_clave":"PLANT DISEASES|PLANT FUNGI|PLANT PATHOGENS|OLEA EUROPAEA|FRUIT CROPS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112699,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First report of root rot caused by Fusarium proliferatum on blueberry in Argentina","resumen":"In 2009, a highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. \u2018O´Neal\u2019) field located in Rojas, Buenos Aires Province showed 30% of plants with dry or dead branches. Disinfected root pieces were placed on water agar and incubated at 24°C. A fungal colony was obtained and purified by successive transfers of an individual hyphal tip from a sparsely growing colony. Colony color and growth rate were evaluated in potato dextrose agar where the fungus produced white-to-pale pink colonies and grew 3.5 cm after 5 days. The fungus was studied on Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar, carnation leaf-piece agar, and KCl agar where it produced abundant single-celled hyaline microconidia in moderate-length chains and in false heads originated from monophialides and polyphialides. Microconidia measured 6 to 12 × 2 to 3 &#956;m (average 8 × 2.3 &#956;m). On KCl, chains of microconidia and tan-to-light cream sporodochia with 3- to 5-septate, slender, relatively straight macroconidia were easily observed after 4 and 10 days, respectively. Macroconidia measured 38 to 48 × 3.5 to 4 &#956;m (average 43.9 × 3.9 &#956;m). Chlamydospores and sclerotia were not present. Data coincided with the description for Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.) Niremberg ex Gerlach &amp; Niremberg. The isolate was deposited in the IMYZA Microbial Collection as INTA-IMC 144. The fungus was cultured in 100 ml of Czapek-Dox supplemented with sucrose, peptone, yeast extract, sodium nitrate, and vitamins for 4 days. Genomic DNA was obtained with a DNA extraction kit, PCR amplified with primers ITS1 and ITS4 for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal genes, and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence (Accession No JF913468) was compared with GenBank records. The sequence shared 99% identity with Accession No HQ113948 for F. proliferatum. Pathogenicity was confirmed in 1-year-old \u2018O´Neal\u2019 plants. A 10-ml suspension (2.4 × 106 conidia\/ml in sterile distilled water) was applied to six potted plants grown in sterilized potting mix. Roots were superficially wounded with a needle. Control plants were treated with sterile distilled water. Plants were incubated at 24°C and a 12-h photoperiod. After 90 days, plants showed root rot, leaf chlorosis, and branch necrosis followed by plant death. Control plants remained healthy. F. proliferatum was reisolated from diseased roots of inoculated plants. This fungus was previously cited in Argentina on asparagus, corn, and oat. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. proliferatum as a root pathogen of highbush blueberry in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"PLANT DISEASE|PLANT FUNGI|PLANT PATHOGENS|FRUIT CROPS|VACCINIUM CORYMBOSUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112700,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Crecimiento inicial de Pinus taeda L. en suelo pedregoso de la provincia de Misiones, en respuesta a la fertilización con P y N","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo ....","palabras_clave":"FERTILIZACIÓN INICIAL|PINUS TAEDA|MISIONES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112701,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of thinning and harvest type on storage and losses of Phosphorous in Pinus taeda L plantations in Subtropical Argentina.","resumen":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thinning intensity and different harvest types on P conservation and stability in 20 y-old Pinus taeda plantation ecosystems at Misiones province, Argentina. The plantation was established in 1985, thinned at three intensities - 0, 33 and 66% of remaining basal area of control plots- and harvested in 2005. The nutrient content at harvest time was determined for tree, shrub and herb layers, the forest floor and upper mineral soil. Two harvest types were simulated: whole stem and whole tree. Total P content was 56.8, 46.8 and 38.6 kg.ha-1 for 0, 33 and 66% thinning, respectively. Total P exported by harvest was different among treatments, the highest at 0% thinning treatment. Phosphorus Stability Index values indicated that the P most conservative management option is 66% thinning, harvest of whole stem and retention of forest floor, understory and harvest residues. ","palabras_clave":"Loblolly pine|Kandiudult|tree density|biomass accumulation|nutrients|mineralmass|understory|harvest residues|Nutrient Stability Index of Plantation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112702,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Compost de ave de corral como componente de sustratos","resumen":"El sustrato para cultivo es un material que colocado en un contenedor permite el anclaje del sistema radicular, proporcionando agua y nutrientes. Entre los materiales empleados para formular sustratos se encuentran los compost. Entre ellos el compost de cama de ave de corral (CAC), elaborado en base al estiércol de aves mezclado con los materiales que forman su lecho. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar dos compost de CAC como componente de sustrato, mediante el desarrollo de plantas de Coral (Salvia splendens). Uno de los compost contenía cama de stud (CAC+S) durante su compostaje. Se formularon sustratos con diferentes proporciones de compost de CAC, compost de corteza de pino y pinocha, luego fueron analizados física y químicamente. A las plantas cultivadas en cada sustrato se midió la longitud y el diámetro del tallo, peso fresco y seco de la parte aérea y radicular. La densidad, porosidad y capacidad de retención de agua de todos los sustratos fueron aceptables. El pH de ambos compost de CAC fue mayor a 6,3, y los valores de las mezclas se encontraron dentro del rango aceptable. Todos los sustratos superaron 1 dS m-1 (1+5 v\/v), principalmente los formulados con compost de CAC+S, cuyo material puro contenía altos niveles salinos. Al disminuir el porcentaje de CAC en las mezclas, diminuyó la concentración de cada nutriente. Las plantas cultivadas en el sustrato comercial y en las mezclas con 20% de CAC fueron las que lograron los mayores pesos aéreos y radiculares, diámetro y longitud del tallo. Por lo tanto, el compost de ave de corral podría ser una alternativa viable como componente de sustrato si se lo utiliza hasta un 20%.","palabras_clave":"Compostaje|Estiércol|Plantas ornamentales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112703,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las Contrataciones Digitales en Argentina","resumen":"El tema que nos ocupa en este trabajo es la contratación digital y la necesidad de contar con principios universales claros, legislación uniforme a nivel internacional, e instituciones que brinden un marco adecuado de seguridad donde se lleve a cabo la contratación con el menor desequilibrio posible de poder entre las partes contratantes, ya se llamen comprador y vendedor o usuario y proveedor, donde puedan expresar la autonomía de su voluntad en dichas tratativas.Este estudio surge de una investigación realizada por profesionales de las facultades de Ingeniería y Derecho de la Universidad FASTA con la finalidad de redactar una guía de recomendaciones que sirva a los usuarios de las contrataciones digitales en general, conociendo las circunstancias que lo rodean y los derechos que los asisten.","palabras_clave":"Contratación Digital|Usuario|Proveedor|Comercio Electrónico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112704,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Invasive breast cancer in Argentine women: association between risk and prognostic factors with antigens of a peptidic and carbohydrate nature","resumen":"ctive: In breast cancer, several tumor markers have been identified. The marker most extensively associated with breast cancer is MUC1. The objective of the study was to analyze prognostic and risk factors in relation to tumor markers in order to clarify breast cancer biology. A total of 349 primary tumor samples and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients were studied. Risk and prognostic factors were considered. An immunohistochemical approach was applied and an extensive statistical analysis was performed, including frequency analysis and analysis of variance. Correlation among variables was performed with principal component analysis.Results: All the antigens showed an increased expression according to tumor size increment; moreover, sialyl Lewis x expression showed a significant increase in relation to disease stage, whereas Tn and TF presented a positive tendency. Vascular invasion was related to sialyl Lewis x expression and number of metastatic lymph nodes. Taking into account risk factors, when a patient had at least one child, Lewis antigens diminished their expression. In relation to breastfeeding, sialyl Lewis x expression diminished, although its apical expression increased.Conclusion: Associations between MUC1 and carbohydrate antigens and risk and prognostic factors show the complexity of the cellular biological behavior that these antigens modulate in breast cancer.","palabras_clave":"BREAST CANCER|ARGENTINE WOMEN|RISK FACTORS|PROGNOSTIC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112705,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of Static Magnetic Fields on Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Function","resumen":"Ligand-gated ion channel kinetics were studied in mammalian transfected cells encoding adult mouse muscle acetylcholine (ACh) receptors. We measured macroscopic and single-channel currents using the outside-out and cell-attached patch-clamp configurations. Cultured cells were exposed to moderate intensity inhomogeneous static magnetic fields up to 180mT and measurements were performed for temperatures ranging from 5 to 50°C. We found no significant changes in ACh-elicited macroscopic or single-channel currents. We observed the expected dependence in current decay constants with temperature, but negligible magnetic field influence on the channel´s kinetics.","palabras_clave":"AChR|Patch-clamp|magnetic field"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112706,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Curcumin-Loaded Lipid and Polymeric Nanocapsules Stabilized by Nonionic Surfactants: An In Vitro and In Vivo  Antitumor Activity on B16-F10 Melanoma and Macrophage Uptake Comparative Study","resumen":"Curcumin is a polyphenol obtained from the plant Curcuma longa (called turmeric) that displays several pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumoral activity, but clinical use has been limited by its poor solubility in water and, consequently, minimal systemic bioavailability. We have therefore formulated the drug into nanocarrier systems in an attempt to improve its therapeutic properties. This study evaluates the effect of intraperitoneally administered nanocapsules containing curcumin on subcutaneous melanoma in mice inoculated with B16-F10 cells, and on the cytotoxicity activity against B16-F10 cells in vitro. Phagocytic uptake  of formulations was also evaluated upon incubation with macrophage J774 cells by fluorescence microscopy. Lipid and polymeric nanocapsules were prepared by the phase inversion and nanoprecipitation methods, respectively. The uptake of the lipid nanocapsules prepared using Solutol  HS15 was significantly reduced in J774 cells. Curcumin, as free drug or as drug-loaded nanocapsules, was administrated at a dose of 6 mg\/kg twice a week for 21 days. Free drug and curcuminloaded nanocapsules significantly reduced tumor volume (P < 0.05 vs. control), but no difference was found in the antitumor activity displayed by lipid and polymeric nanocapsules. This assumption was supported by the in vitro study, in which free curcumin as well as loaded into nanocapsules  caused significant reduction of cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.","palabras_clave":"CURCUMIN|LIPID NANOCAPSULES|POLYMERIC NANOCAPSULES|B16-F10 MELANOMA|ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY|CITOTOXICITY|MACROPHAGE UPTAKE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112707,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationship between the adjuvant and cytotoxic effects of the positive charges and polymerization in liposomes","resumen":"Vaccine development today encounters a main obstacle, which is the need for effective adjuvants suitable for clinical trials. Aluminum salts, discovered 70 years ago and, very recently, MF59, are the only types of adjuvants currently used in vaccines licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Liposomes represent an alternative approach to vaccine adjuvants. In this article, we describe the inflammatory response and biological effect of polymerization and the addition of positive charges in liposome formulations. Nonpolymerized cationic (NP(+)) liposomes significantly reduce metabolism in Vero cells after 24 hours. Correspondingly, both NP(+) and polymerized cationic (P(+)) liposomes reduce cell viability following a 48-hour incubation. Similar results were obtained with cells from the peritoneal cavities of mice. Paradoxically, those liposomes that presented clearly cytostatic or cytotoxic effects in vitro stimulated metabolism and had a mitogenic effect in vivo. Finally, the adjuvant effect was tested by immunization in BALB\/c mice. The major effect was obtained with NP(+) liposomes. Accordingly, we also demonstrated that NP(+) liposomes injected into the dermis produced an outstanding inflammatory reaction, showing the histopathological characteristics of an inoculation granuloma. Thus, positive charge would play an important role in the immunoadjuvant effect of liposomes by conferring them cytotoxic capacity.","palabras_clave":"POLYMERIZABLE LIPOSOMES|CATIONIC LIPIDS|IMMUNOADJUVANT |VACCINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112708,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Simultaneous Determination of Amoxicillin and Diclofenac in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using UV Spectral Data and the PLS Chemometric Method","resumen":"A new method for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT) and sodium diclofenac (DIC) in pharmaceutical formulations is proposed. The resolution of binary mixtures of these drugs has been accomplished by using partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis. The model was obtained from UV spectral data, validated by internal cross-validation and was used to find the concentration of analytes in the commercial samples. The method was applied in the concentration ranges of 0 -120.0 mg L-1 for AMT and 0 - 16.0 mg L-1 for DIC, allowing a rapid, accurate and precise simultaneous estimation of the concentration of both analytes of interest in the presence of small amounts of different, unmodelled, absorbing excipients, in spite of their important spectral overlapping. The accuracy, precision and figures of merit (FOM) for AMT and DIC were calculated. This new method proved to be useful for a fast and simultaneous determination of AMT and DIC in pharmaceutical formulations.","palabras_clave":"AMOXICILIN|DICLOFENAC|PLS-1|MULTIVARIATE|CALIBRATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112709,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and performance of 3D-Megaporous structures for enzyme immobilization and protein capture","resumen":"The preparation of megaporous bodies, with potential applications in biotechnology, was attempted by following several strategies. As a first step, naive and robust scaffolds were produced by polymerization of selected monomers in the presence of a highly soluble cross-linker agent. Ion-exchange function was incorporated by particle embedding, direct chemical synthesis, or radiation-induced grafting. The total ionic capacity of such systems was 1.5 mmol H(+)\/g, 1.4 mmol H(+)\/g, and 17 mmol H(+)\/g, respectively. These values were in agreement with the ability to bind model proteins: observed dynamic binding capacity at 50% breakthrough was &#8773;7.2 mg bovine serum albumin\/g, &#8773;7.4 hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) mg\/g, and &#8773;108 HEWL mg\/g. In the later case, total (static) binding capacity reached 220 mg\/g. It was observed that the structure and size of the megapores remained unaffected by the grafting procedure which, however, allowed for the highest protein binding capacity. Lysozyme supported on grafted body showed extensive clarification activity against a Micrococcus lysodekticus suspension in the flow-through mode, i.e., 90% destruction of suspended microbial cells was obtained with a residence time &#8776; 18 min. Both protein capture and biocatalysis applications are conceivable with the 3D-megaporous materials described in this work.","palabras_clave":"Biocatalysis|Enzymes, Immobilized\/chemistry*"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112710,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of foliar applications of phosphite on post-harvest potato tubers","resumen":"The utilization of phosphites (Phi) could be considered as another strategy to be included in integrated disease management programmes to reduce the intensive use of fungicides and production costs. The aim of the present work was to analyze whether the beneficial effects of phosphite treatment previously observed in potato plants grown under greenhouse conditions, were reflected after harvest of field grown potatoes, both in disease protection and in yield. In addition, biochemical compounds possibly involved in induced defence responses by Phi, like phytoalexins, pathogenesis related proteins and oxidative stress enzymes were measured. Foliar applications of KPhi to field grown crops resulted in post-harvest tubers with a reduced susceptibility to Phytophthora infestans, Fusarium solani and Erwinia carotovora infections, suggesting that this compound induced a systemic defence response. An increase in phytoalexin content in P. infestans inoculated tubers obtained from Phi-treated plants suggests their participation in the defence response. Chitinase content increased 72 h after wounding or inoculation with P. infestans in tubers from KPhi-treated plants compared to wounded or infected tubers from non-treated plants. Contrary to this, the isoforms of â-1,3-glucanases analyzed did not increase in the tubers of Phi-treated plants. The increment in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities indicated that these enzymes could be part of the Phi defence mechanism. No negative effects were observed in potato yield at harvest, measured as total tuber weight and dry matter, after foliar KPhi treatment. This suggests that the energetic cost involved in the defence response activation would not be detrimental to plant growth.","palabras_clave":"Induced resistanse|Phytoalexins|Potato|Plant defense"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112711,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"M Cells Prefer Archaeosomes: An In Vitro\/In Vivo Snapshot  Upon Oral Gavage in Rats","resumen":"The archaeolipids (lipids extracted from archaebacterias) are non saponificable molecules that form self sealedmono or bilayers (archaeosomes-ARC). Different to liposomes with bilayers made of conventional glycerophospholipids,the   bilayer of ARC posses a higher structural resistance to physico   chemical and enzymatic degradation and surface hydrophobicity.In this work we have compared the binding capacity of ARC exclusively made of archaeols containing aminor fraction of sulphoglycophospholipids, with that of liposomes in gel phase on M-like cells in vitro. The biodistributionof the radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-DTPA loaded in ARC vs that of liposomes upon oral administration to Wistar ratswas also determined. The fluorescence of M-like cells upon 1 and 2h incubation with ARC loaded with the hydrophobicdye Rhodamine-PE (Rh-PE) and the hydrophilic dye pyranine (HPTS) dissolved in the aqueous space, was 4 folds higherthan   upon incubation with equally labeled liposomes. Besides, 15% of Rh-PE   and 13 % of HPTS from ARC and not from liposomes, were found in the   bottom wells, a place that is equivalent to the basolateral pocket from M   cells. This fact suggested the occurrence of transcytosis of ARC.   Finally, 4 h upon oral administration, ARC were responsible for the 22.3   % (3.5 folds higher than liposomes) shuttling of 99mTc-DTPA to the   blood circulation. This important amount of radioactive marker in blood   could be a consequence of an extensive uptake of ARC by M cells in vivo,   probably favored by their surface hydrophobicity. Taken together, these   results suggested that ARC, proven their adjuvant capacity when   administered by parenteral route and high biocompatibility, could be a   suitable new type of nanoparticulate material that could be used as   adjuvants by the oral route.","palabras_clave":"adjuvant|archaeosomes|oral"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112712,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic basis of wing morphogenesis in Drosophila: sexual dimorphism and non-allometric effects of shape variation","resumen":"BackgroundThe Drosophila wing represents a particularly appropriate model to investigate thedevelopmental control of phenotypic variation. Previous studies which aimed toidentify candidate genes for wing morphology demonstrated that the genetic basis ofwing shape variation in D. melanogaster is composed of numerous genetic factorscausing small, additive effects. In this study, we analyzed wing shape in males andfemales from 191 lines of D. melanogaster, homozygous for a single P-elementinsertion, using geometric morphometrics techniques. The analysis allowed us toidentify known and novel candidate genes that may contribute to the expression ofwing shape in each sex separately and to compare them to candidate genes affectingwing size which have been identified previously using the same lines.ResultsOur results indicate that more than 63% of induced mutations affected wing shape inone or both sexes, although only 33% showed significant differences in both malesand females. The joint analysis of wing size and shape revealed that only 19% of theP-element insertions caused coincident effects on both components of wing form inone or both sexes. Further morphometrical analyses revealed that the intersectionbetween veins showed the smallest displacements in the proximal region of the wing.Finally, we observed that mutations causing general deformations were more commonthan expected in both sexes whereas the opposite occurred with those generating localchanges. For most of the 94 candidate genes identified, this seems to be the firstrecord relating them with wing shape variation.ConclusionsOur results support the idea that the genetic architecture of wing shape is complexwith many different genes contributing to the trait in a sexually dimorphic manner.This polygenic basis, which is relatively independent from that of wing size, iscomposed of genes generally involved in development and\/or metabolic functions,especially related to the regulation of different cellular processes such as motility,adhesion, communication and signal transduction. This study suggests thatunderstanding the genetic basis of wing shape requires merging the regulation of veinpatterning by signalling pathways with processes that occur during wing developmentat the cellular level.","palabras_clave":"DEVELOPMENTAL GENES|DROSOPHILA|WING SHAPE|GENETIC SCREENING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112713,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Viscoelastic characterization of fluid and gel like food emulsions stabilized with hydrocolloids","resumen":"Food emulsions exhibit a great diversity of rheological characteristics, ranging from low-viscosity Newtonian liquids to viscoelastic and plastic materials. Hydrocolloids are usually key components in food emulsions to deal with creaming instability. There is a growing emphasis on understanding the colloidal basis of the rheology of food emulsions. Viscoelastic measurements are appropriate tools for obtaining information about the microstructure of the system related to the organization of the macromolecules in the medium. The existence of a broad distribution of relaxation times in polymeric materials can be represented by the mechanical relaxation spectrum derived from experimental values of the dynamic moduli G´ (storage modulus) and G´´(loss modulus).   The objectives of the present work were: a) to determine the viscoelastic behavior of two different low in fat oil-in-water food emulsions: a gel like and a pourable fluid type emulsions stabilized with hydrocolloids (gellan gum and xanthan-guar mixtures respectively) b) to model and predict the mechanical relaxation spectrum for both emulsions and continuous aqueous phases.   Low-in-fat emulsions (20g\/100g) were analyzed in two distinct formulations, a pourable fluid dressing type emulsion and an emulsion-filled gel .Oil-in-water emulsions were prepared using sunflower oil (20 wt.%) and Tween 80 (1 wt.%). Fluid emulsions containing xanthan and guar gums were formulated using a synergistic ratio 7:3, with total hydrocolloid concentration ranging between 0.5 to 2 wt%. The aqueous phases contained NaCl (2 wt.%) and acetic acid (2 wt.%).  The effect of hydrocolloids was studied using oscillatory measurements (G´ and G´´ vs. frequency) within the linear viscoelastic range (LVR) previously determined by stress-sweeps.   Time-Concentration Superposition principle was applied to find the master curves that describe the mechanical spectra of the viscoelastic materials. Superposition allows to obtain a wide spectrum of nearly ten decades of frequencies in emulsions containing xanthan?guar mixtures, whereas gellan gum systems did not show a significant frequency displacement.  Viscoelastic behavior of the systems was satisfactorily modeled using Baumgaertel-Schausberger-Winter (BSW) equation. This empirical model was used to predict the mechanical relaxation spectrum for both emulsions and continuous aqueous phases. Validation of the predicted spectra was carried out through creep compliance data for emulsion-filled gels and steady-state flow curves for emulsions containing xanthan?guar mixtures.","palabras_clave":"OIL-WATER EMULSIONS|VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR|HYDROCOLLOIDS|MECHANICAL RELAXATION SPECTRUM|BSW MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112714,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Linear viscoelastic assessment of cold gel-like emulsions stabilized with bovine gelatin","resumen":"Gel-like oil-in-water emulsions with low lipid content, stabilized with bovine gelatin ofdifferent molecular weights were analyzed. Mean droplet size and droplet size distribution of theemulsions were determined by static light scattering. The emulsions were characterized for theirrheological properties using dynamic oscillatory and creep-recovery tests in the linear viscoelasticregion. Most of the systems exhibited gel-like properties even the samples were not submitted tothermal treatment and the temperature was maintained below 30ºC; this viscoelastic haracteristic led to a delay of the phase-separation exceeding one month. Creep compliance data were fitted to a four parameters Burgers model. The continuous relaxation spectra were estimated from the experimental values of G´ and G´´ considering the Baumgaertel - Schausberger - Winter generalized model. Discrete relaxation moduli and relaxation times were derived from the continuous spectra. The effect of molecular weight of the protein and the stability during the storage at 20 ºC was analyzed in order to interpret the structural characteristics of these emulsions.","palabras_clave":"Rheology|gel-like emulsion|relaxation time spectrum|gelatin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112715,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An iterative method applied to optimize the design of PIN photodiodes for enhanced radiation tolerance and maximum light response","resumen":"An iterative method based on numerical simulations was developed to enhance the proton radiation tolerance and the responsivity of Si PIN photodiodes. The method allows to calculate the optimal values of the intrinsic layer thickness and the incident light wavelength, in function of the light intensity and the maximum proton fluence to be supported by the device. These results minimize the effects of radiation on the total reverse current of the photodiode and maximize its response to light. The implementation of the method is useful in the design of devices whose operation point should not suffer variations due to radiation.","palabras_clave":"Photodiodos PIN|Radiacion|Maximun Ligth Responsse"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112716,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Parámetros biológicos y demograficos de áfidos (Hemiptera: aphididae) en variedades de colza canola (Brassica napus L.)","resumen":"Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Brevicoryne  brassicae L. y Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.)  constituyen plagas del cultivo de colza canola,  Brassica napus L., y de otras crucíferas  cultivadas. Los pulgones fueron colectados  en un cultivo de canola y se multiplicaron en  un insectario. Para el estudio se criaron 2  cohortes de 20 hembras neonatas, para cada  especie de áfido y cultivar de colza, a 20 ±  1°C, 60-70% de humedad relativa y 14:10  horas de fotofase. Las principales diferencias  entre especies de pulgones se observaron  en la duración de los períodos reproductivo  y post-reproductivo, la longevidad y la  fecundidad. M. persicae fue el áfido más  longevo y fecundo en Impact, mientras que  en Teddy el más fecundo fue L. erysimi y  el más longevo M. persicae. Con respecto  a los parámetros poblacionales, la mayor  tasa de incremento poblacional (R0) fue de  58,43 (&#9792;\/&#9792;\/generación) para M. persicae  en Impact. En cambio en Teddy la mayor R0  (63,17) fue para L. erysimi. La tasa intrínseca  de crecimiento natural (rm) más elevada fue  para L. erysimi en Teddy (0,29 &#9792;\/&#9792;\/día) y  para M. persicae en Impact (0,24 &#9792;\/&#9792;\/día).  Estos estudios indican que, de acuerdo conel cultivar de colza empleado, teniendo en  cuenta la tasa de crecimiento poblacional  de las diferentes especies de pulgones, se  podría inferir cuál será la especie dominante y  el daño potencial que ocasionarían al cultivo.","palabras_clave":"BREVICORYNE BRASSICAE|LIPAPHIS ERISYMI|MYZUS PERSICAE|PARAMETROS POBLACIONALES|BRASSICA NAPUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112717,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phosphate-solubilization mechanism and in vitro plant growth promotion activity mediated by Pantoea eucalypti isolated from Lotus tenuis rhizosphere in the Salado River Basin (Argentina)","resumen":"Abstract        Aims:&#8194; To isolate and   characterize phosphate-solubilizing strains from a constrained   environment such as the Salado River Basin and to assess their   phosphate-solubilizing mechanisms, to further selection of the most   promising strains to inoculate and improve the implantation and   persistence of Lotus tenuis in the most important area devoted to meat-cow production in Argentina.        Methods and Results:&#8194;   Fifty isolates were obtained and through BOX-PCR analysis, 17   non-redundant strains were identified. Subsequently, they were found to   be related to Pantoea, Erwinia, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium and Enterobacter   genera, via 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This was in agreement with   the clusters obtained by antibiotic resistance analysis. All isolates   were tested for their phosphate-solubilizing activity and selected   strains were inoculated onto L. tenuis plants. The most efficient isolate, was identified as Pantoea eucalypti, a novel species in terms of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.        Conclusions:&#8194; The isolates obtained in this study showed a significant in vitro plant-growth promoting activity onto Lotus tenuis   and the best of them solubilizes phosphate mainly via induction of the   metabolism through secretion and oxidation of gluconic acid.        Singnificance and Impact of the Study:&#8194;   The use of these bacteria as bioinoculants, alone or in combination   with nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms, could be a sustainable practice to   facilitate the nutrient supply to Lotus tenuis plants and preventing negative side-effects such as eutrophication.","palabras_clave":"GLUCONIC ACID|PGPR|PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA|LOTUS TENUIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112718,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dopamine-induced apoptosis of lactotropes is mediated by the short isoform of D2 receptor","resumen":"Dopamine, through D2 receptor (D2R), is the major regulator of lactotrope function in the anterior pituitary gland. Both D2R isoforms, long (D2L) and short (D2S), are expressed in lactotropes. Although both isoforms can transduce dopamine signal, they differ in the mechanism that leads to cell response. The administration of D2R agonists, such as cabergoline, is the main pharmacological treatment for prolactinomas, but resistance to these drugs exists, which has been associated with alterations in D2R expression. We previously reported that dopamine and cabergoline induce apoptosis of lactotropes in primary culture in an estrogen-dependent manner. In this study we used an in vivo model to confirm the permissive action of estradiol in the apoptosis of anterior pituitary cells induced by D2R agonists. Administration of cabergoline to female rats induced apoptosis, measured by Annexin-V staining, in anterior pituitary gland from estradiol-treated rats but not from ovariectomized rats. To evaluate the participation of D2R isoforms in the apoptosis induced by dopamine we used lactotrope-derived PR1 cells stably transfected with expression vectors encoding D2L or D2S receptors. In the presence of estradiol, dopamine induced apoptosis, determined by ELISA and TUNEL assay, only in PR1-D2S cells. To study the role of p38 MAPK in apoptosis induced by D2R activation, anterior pituitary cells from primary culture or PR1-D2S were incubated with an inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway (SB203850). SB203580 blocked the apoptotic effect of D2R activation in lactotropes from primary cultures and PR1-D2S cells. Dopamine also induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation, determined by western blot, in PR1-D2S cells and estradiol enhanced this effect. These data suggest that, in the presence of estradiol, D2R agonists induce apoptosis of lactotropes by their interaction with D2S receptors and that p38 MAPK is involved in this process.","palabras_clave":"dopamine D2 receptor isoform|lactotropes|pituitary|apoptosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112719,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gonadal steroids modulate FAS-induced apoptosis of lactotropes and somatotropes","resumen":"We have previously reported that Fas activation induces apoptosis of anterior pituitary cells from rats at proestrus but not at diestrus and in an estrogen-dependent manner. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of Fas activation on apoptosis of lactotropes and somatotropes during the estrous cycle and explored the action of gonadal steroids on Fas-induced apoptosis. Also, we studied whether changes in Fas expression are involved in the apoptotic response of anterior pituitary cells. Fas activation increased the percentage of TUNEL-positive lactotropes and somatotropes at proestrus but not at diestrus. FasL triggered apoptosis of somatotropes only when cells from ovariectomized rats were cultured in the presence of 17beta-estradiol (E2). Progesterone (P4) blocked the apoptotic action of the Fas\/FasL system in lactotropes and somatotropes incubated with E2. Both E2 and P4 increased the percentage of cells expressing Fas at the cell membrane . Our results show that Fas activation induces apoptosis of lactotropes and somatotropes at proestrus but not at diestrus. Gonadal steroids may be involved in the apoptotic response of lactotropes and somatotropes, suggesting that Fas activation is implicated in the renewal of these pituitary subpopulations during the estrous cycle. The effect of gonadal steroids on Fas expression may be only partially involved in regulation of the Fas\/FasL apoptotic pathway in anterior pituitary gland.","palabras_clave":"APOPTOSIS|ESTROGENS|ESTROUS CYCLE|PITUITARY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112720,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential roles of alkaline\/neutral invertases in Nostoc sp. PCC 7120: Inv-B isoform is essential for diazotrophic growth","resumen":"The presence of two alkaline\/neutral invertases (Inv-A and Inv-B) in the filaments of Nostoc sp. strain PCC 7120 and the involvement of sucrose metabolism in nitrogen fixation, led us to investigate the physiological function of those isoforms in cells growing under different nitrogen sources. The highest expression level of each encoding gene was obtained in the presence of ammonium. These results were paralleled by polypeptide and enzyme activity level. In cells of N2-fixing filaments, localization of gene expression and subcellular enzyme activity assays demonstrated that invA (alr1152) gene expresses only in vegetative cells, whereas invB (alr0819) gene expression is detected in both vegetative cells and heterocysts. In contrast to invA, when invB was knocked out, the filaments were unable to grow on diazotrophic conditions and the accumulation of sucrose and glycogen was altered. Our results demonstrate an essential role for Inv-B for diazotrophic growth, and that Inv-B plays a key role in the coordination of sucrose and glycogen metabolism. We can also suggest that invB is likely to integrate the repertoire of genes regulated by a cyanobacterial transcription factor (NtcA) that plays a central role in global nitrogen control.","palabras_clave":"ALKALINE\/NEUTRAL INVERTASES|CYANOBACTERIA|NITROGEN FIXATION|SUCROSE METABOLISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112721,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"UV radiation affects simultaneously phototrophy and phagotrophy in a nanoflagellate dominated phytoplankton from an Andean shallow lake","resumen":"Mixotrophic nanoflagellates, that combine photosynthesis and phagotrophy, are important members of planktonic food webs in many aquatic environments depending on the balance among the different carbon and energy sources.&nbsp; We carried out field sampling and laboratory experiments with natural nanoflagellate assemblages from an Andean North-Patagonian lake exposing them or not to UVR, measuring photosynthetic parameters and bacterivory. The effect of different light treatments on the photosynthetic efficiency was studied by the non-invasive, pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorescence technique, and bacterivory was assessed with fluorescently labeled bacteria (FLB). Mixotrophic nanoflagellates were clearly dominant (up to 90% of total phytoplankton and 88% of total nanoflagellate abundance), and in the experiments, labeled bacteria were observed in more than 75% of mixotrophic cells. These results support the idea that these phytoflagellates were never entirely photosynthetic. The high light: phosphorus ratio and the high C:N:P ratio suggest a strong nutrient limitation towards P. Our results show that both functions, photosynthesis and bacteria ingestion, were simultaneously reduced by UVR. We estimated that UVR exposure reduced the photosynthetic parameters around 31% while ingestion rates around 29%. Therefore, our results stresses that the different cell functions could be concurrently impacted by UVR implying that C transfer would be substantially altered in the microbial food web. ","palabras_clave":"UV radiation|Nanoflagellates|Mixotrophy|Shallow Andean lake"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112722,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Introducing mobile devices into Grid systems: a survey (Indexed SCI, IF JCR2011=1.919)","resumen":"Mobile device capabilities have been steadily increasing in the past years. Therefore, mobile Grids potential benefits have encouraged research on this topic. Researchers have identified several issues, such as energy consumption and limited resources, that steam from using mobile devices because they are small computers that run on battery and can move outside of the wireless coverage area. This paper analyses these issues discusses proposed solutions to them in the different Grid abstraction levels from Grid fabric layer to Grid user application layer. Finally, we propose a taxonomy that considers the use of mobile devices and discuss future research opportunities.","palabras_clave":"MOBILE GRID|MOBILE GRID SURVEY|MOBILE DEVICES|GRID SYSTEMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112723,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A THERMODYNAMICAL GRADIENT THEORY FOR DEFORMATION AND STRAIN LOCALIZATION OF POROUS MEDIA","resumen":"In this work, a thermodynamically consistent gradient formulation for partially saturated cohesive-frictional porous media is proposed. The constitutive model includes a classical or local hardening law and a softening formulation with state parameters of non-local character based on gradient theory. Internal characteristic length in softening regime accounts for the strong shear band width sensitivity of partially saturated porous media regarding both governing stress state and hydraulic conditions. In this way the variation of the transition point (TP) of brittle-ductile failure mode can be realistically described depending on current confinement condition and saturation level. After describing the thermodynamically consistent gradient theory the paper focuses on its extension to the case of partially saturated porous media and, moreover, on the formulation of the gradient-based characteristic length in terms of stress and hydraulic conditions. Then the localization indicator for discontinuous bifurcation is formulated for both drained and undrained conditions.","palabras_clave":"GRADIENT THEORY|POROUS MEDIA|LOCALIZED FAILURE|SOFTENING BEHAVIOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112724,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assortative mating among Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) hybrids as a possible route to radiation of the fraterculus cryptic species complex","resumen":"Reproductive isolation among populations of Anastrepha fraterculus has been found acting at the pre- and post-zygotic levels. Differences in timing of sexual activity and male sexual pheromone composition among populations could partially account for prezygotic isolation. Hybrid males were found to produce a novel pheromone, which is a mix of parental pheromones. Here we found that the hybrid females showed a significant preference to mate with hybrid males than with parental males. Male location during pheromone emission is associated to its reproductive success, and thus differences in the location of males during courtship could also play a role in isolation. We found evidences that reproductive isolation is also related to the location of males during courtship. Hybrid male behaviour regarding location during pheromone release was found to be influenced by the maternal lineage. If these populations hybridized in the field, the hybrid females would tend to mate with hybrid males probably leading to the formation of a new entity within the A. fraterculus complex. This simple and fast process could be one reason for the high number of taxonomic entities within this complex. Further studies on other members of the fraterculus species group could reveal if this can be considered as an example of homoploid hybrid speciation. ","palabras_clave":"South American fruit fly |mating compatibility |lekking distribution |hybridization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112725,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and comparative photodynamic properties of two isosteric alkyl substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines","resumen":"The synthesis and photophysical parameters of two novel isosteric cationic zinc(II)phthalocyanines: 2,9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis[(N-butyl-N-methylammonium)-ethylsulfanyl]phthalocyaninatozinc(II) tetraiodide (6) and  2,9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis[(N-dibutyl-N-methylammonium)ethoxy]phthalocyaninatozinc(II) tetraiodide (7)   were investigated. Absorption maximum was 686.5 nm and 678 nm and singlet molecular oxygen generation was 0.42 and 0.67, for 6 and 7, respectively.  The photodynamic effect and the cellular uptake of both phthalocyanines were evaluated on human nasopharynx KB carcinoma cells.  After irradiation, phthalocyanine 6 showed a higher cytotoxic activity than 7.  In addition, it was demonstrated  a higher intracellular uptake of 6 and a preferential localization   within lysosomes. The production of  a greater amount of reactive oxygen species after phthalocyanine 6 irradiation would be responsible for its potent phototoxic action on KB cells.","palabras_clave":"PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY|PHTALOCYANINES|REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES|KB CELLS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112726,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Suppression of COX-2, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha expression and leukocyte infiltration in inflamed skin by bioactive compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis L","resumen":"Abstract                        In the present study, we   evaluated the effects of extracts and purified compounds from fresh   leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Pretreatment with the major   anti-inflammatory compounds, carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS),   inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced ear inflammation   in mice with an EC(50) of 10.20&#956;g\/cm(2) and 10.70&#956;g\/cm(2),   respectively. To further understand the anti-inflammatory mechanism of   these compounds, we analyzed the in vivo expression of several   inflammation-associated genes in mouse skin by reverse   transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our data showed that   CA and CS reduced the expression of IL-1&#946; and TNF-&#945; but had less effect   on fibronectin and ICAM-1 expression. Interestingly, both compounds   selectively inhibited COX-2 but not COX-1. Histopathological analysis of   hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E)-stained tissue revealed a marked   reduction in leukocyte infiltration and epidermal ulceration of   PMA-treated ears when ears were pretreated with ethanolic extracts or   pure CA. In vitro, we showed that ethanolic extract, carnosic acid and   carnosol significantly inhibited the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO)   in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell   line. For the first time in vivo, we showed that CA and CS   differentially regulate the expression of inflammation-associated genes,   thus demonstrating the pharmacological basis for the anti-inflammatory   properties reported for CA and CS.","palabras_clave":"Skin inflammation|Carnosic acid|Carnosol|Cyclooxygenase|Interleukin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112727,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cytokine-enhanced vaccine and interferon-B plus suicide gene as combined therapy for spontaneous canine sarcomas","resumen":"Eleven soft tissue- and five osteosarcoma canine patients were subjected to: (i) periodic subcutaneous injection of irradiated xenogeneic cells secreting hGM-CSF and hIL-2 mixed with allogeneic or autologous tumor homogenates; and (ii) injections of cIFN-b and HSVtk-carrying lipoplexes and ganciclovir, marginal (after surgery) and\/or intratumoral (in the case of partial tumor resection, local relapse or small surface tumors). This treatment alone (4 patients) or as surgery adjuvant (12 patients), was safe and well tolerated. In those patients presenting local disease (6\/11), the suicide gene plus cIFN-b treatment induced local antitumor activity evidenced by the objective responses (3 complete, 2 partial) and stable diseases (2). In addition, the treatment prevented or delayed local relapse, regional metastases (lymph nodes developed only in 3\/16) and distant metastases (0\/16), suggesting a strong systemic antitumor immunity. The most encouraging result was the long survival times of 10 patients (&gt;1 year, with good quality of life).","palabras_clave":"HSV-THYMIDINE KINASE|CANINE INTERFERON-BETA|LIPOFECTION|DMRIE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112728,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Wall pressure profile around cylindrical rods in yawed gas flow","resumen":"Abstract. The distribution of wall pressures in cross flow through an array of four cylindrical tubes inclined at different angles    was experimentally studied using air at atmospheric pressure flowing at a maximum flow of 120 g\/sec. The experiments show that the pressure coefficient is strongly influenced by the inclination angle, and only marginally affected by the flow rate (within the tested range). A model based on the curvature of the stream lines in the gap between bars agrees very well with the pressure coefficient at the gap.","palabras_clave":"Gas flow|yawed flow"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112729,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Flow instabilities between two parallel planes semi-obstructed by an easily penetrable porous medium","resumen":"A study of instabilities in planar flows produced by the presence of a parallel penetrable porous obstruction is presented. The case considered is a flow between parallel plates partially obstructed by a porous medium. The most unstable perturbation modes are obtained solving numerically the eigenvalue problem derived from the linear stability analysis of the two-dimensional Navier\u2013Stokes equations applied to the geometry of interest. The analysis leads to an extended Orr\u2013Sommerfeld equation including a porous term. It was found that the ratios of the permeability and depth of the obstruction with respect to the free flow layer depth are the relevant parameters influencing the stability margin and the structure of the most unstable modes. To validate the conclusions of the theoretical analysis, an experiment with air flowing through a channel semi-obstructed by a regular array of cylindrical wires was performed. The critical Reynolds number, which was determined by measuring the amplitude of velocity fluctuations at the interface of the porous medium, agrees with the theoretical predictions. The dominant instability mode was characterized by the cross-section profile of the root mean square of the velocity perturbations, which matches reasonable well with the eigenfunction of the most unstable eigenvalue. Also, the wavenumber was determined by correlating the velocity measurements in two sequential locations along the channel, which compares well with the theoretical value.","palabras_clave":"BOUNDARY LAYER STRUCTURE|INSTABILITY|LOW REYNOLDS NUMBER FLOW"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112730,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CaMBiOs de gravedad de Origen teCtóniCO en la transiCión entre las sierras PaMPeanas OCCidentales Y la PreCOrdillera sanJuanina","resumen":"El fenómeno sísmico está estrechamente ligado a cambios de gravedad producto de la deformación y de cambios de densidad en la corteza. Se ha establecido una red de control geodésico con el propósito de establecer relaciones espacio-temporales en la evolución del campo gravitatorio producido por actividad tectónica. La red está compuesta por 65 puntos fijos bien materializados y cubre un área de 3.500 km2 con la ciudad de San Juan en su centro. Diez años de mediciones periódicas han permitido evaluar las velocidades de variación de la intensidad del campo gravitatorio; éstas se ajustan razonablemente por el modelo estadístico de regresión lineal de las observaciones de la gravedad versus tiempo. Los resultados señalan el levantamiento actual de la Precordillera Oriental, que se refleja en aumentos de gravedad (g) en las estaciones situadas al oeste del fallamiento Villicum-Ullum-Zonda y en la disminución de g al este de la estructura. identificamos tres segmentos activos: a) la falla de La Laja con fuerte disminución de g, b) el segmento Maradona-Cerro Bayo, con aumentos de g al oeste de la sierra Chica de Zonda y c) una disminución de g en la falla de La Rinconada. Los datos muestran actividad tectónica en el sistema de fallas del Tulum que exhibe un gradiente en la dirección del lineamiento Cerro Valdivia-Cerro Barboza-Sierra de Pie de Palo que se incrementa hacia el este. Sus variaciones máximas negativas se observan al este del cerro Barboza. Mapas de anomalías magnéticas y gravimétricas señalan patrones en el basamento coincidentes con estas estructuras activas.","palabras_clave":"Control gravimétrico 4D|movilidad cortical|fuentes sismogénicas|Valle del Tulúm"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112731,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Regulatory volume decrease and P receptor signaling in fish cells: mechanisms, physiology, and modeling approaches","resumen":"For animal cell plasma membranes, the permeability of water is much higher than that of ions andother solutes, and exposure to hyposmotic conditions almost invariably causes rapid water influxand cell swelling. In this situation, cells deploy regulatory mechanisms to preserve membraneintegrity and avoid lysis. The phenomenon of regulatory volume decrease, the partial or fullrestoration of cell volume following cell swelling, is well-studied in mammals, with uncountableinvestigations yielding details on the signaling network and the effector mechanisms involved inthe process. In comparison, cells from other vertebrates and from invertebrates received littleattention, despite of the fact that e.g. fish cells could present rewarding model systems given thediversity in ecology and lifestyle of this animal group that may be reflected by an equal diversity ofphysiological adaptive mechanisms, including those related to cell volume regulation. In thisreview, we therefore present an overview on the most relevant aspects known on hypotonicvolume regulation presently known in fish, summarizing transporters and signaling pathwaysdescribed so far, and then focus on an aspect we have particularly studied over the past years usingfish cell models, i.e. the role of extracellular nucleotides in mediating cell volume recovery ofswollen cells. We, furthermore, present diverse modeling approaches developed on the basis ofdata derived from studies with fish and other models and discuss their potential use for gaininginsight into the theoretical framework of volume regulation.","palabras_clave":"RVD|Fish cells|mathematical model"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112732,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Homeostasis of extracellular ATP in human erythrocytes","resumen":"We explored the intra- and extracellular processes governing the kinetics of extracellular ATP (ATPe) in human erythrocytes stimulated with agents that increase cAMP. Using the luciferinluciferase reaction in off-line luminometry we found both direct adenylyl cyclase activation by forskolin and indirect activation through_-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol-enhanced [ATP]e in a concentration-dependent manner. A mixture (3V) containing a combination of these agents and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor papaverine activated ATP release, leading to a 3-fold increase in [ATP]e, and caused increases in cAMP concentration (3-fold for forskolin _ papaverine, and 10-fold for 3V). The pannexin 1 inhibitor carbenoxolone and a pannexin 1 blocking peptide (10Panx1) decreased [ATP]e by 75\u201384%. The residual efflux of ATP resulted from unavoidable mechanical perturbations stimulating a novel, carbenoxolone-insensitive pathway. In real-time luminometry experiments using soluble luciferase, addition of 3V led to an acute increase in [ATP]e to a constant value of _1 pmol _ (106 cells)_1. A similar treatment using a surface attached luciferase (proA-luc) triggered a rapid accumulation of surface ATP levels to a peak concentration of 2.4 pmol_(106 cells)_1, followed by a slower exponential decay (t1&#8260;2 _ 3.7 min) to a constant value of 1.3 pmol _ (106 cells)_1. Both for soluble luciferase and proA-luc, ATP efflux was fully blocked by carbenoxolone, pointing to a 3V-induced mechanism of ATP release mediated by pannexin 1. Ecto-ATPase activity was extremely low (_28 fmol _ (106 cells min)_1), but nevertheless physiologically relevant considering the high density of erythrocytes in human blood.","palabras_clave":"EXTRACELLULAR ATP|HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES|CYCLIC AMP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112733,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An environmentally acceptable primer for galvanized steel: Formulation and evaluation by SVET","resumen":"The object of this paper was to formulate a two-pack wash primer employing aluminium phosphosilicateas active anticorrosive pigment instead of basic zinc chromate. The anticorrosive action of the primer wasevaluated by the polarization technique and the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET). Theexposed surface was then examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the surface compositiondetermined by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The primer was finally integrated in a completepaint scheme whose anticorrosive performance was evaluated by the salt spray chamber and electrochemicalimpedance spectroscopy. The adhesion of the primer plus a painting system was also evaluatedby standard ASTM D 3359-90 test method. The wash primer pigmented with zinc chromate was used asreference. Results indicated that basic zinc chromate could be replaced by the more eco-friendly washprimercontaining aluminium phosphosilicate.","palabras_clave":"GALVANIZED STEEL|ALUMINIUM PHOSPHOSILICATE|WASH PRIMER|ADHESION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112734,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"IMPROVEMENT OF ANTICORROSIVE PERFORMANCE OF PHOSPHATE BASED ALKYD PAINTS WITH SUITABLE ADDITIVES","resumen":"The purpose of this investigation wasfocused on reducing the content of zinc phosphate inanticorrosive paints by means of the incorporation oflow quantities of selected soluble corrosion inhibitors.The article describes the anticorrosive behavior ofalkyd paints containing reduced levels of zinc phosphate,zinc oxide, and some soluble compounds used asadditives (e.g., sodium polyphosphate, sodium phosphate,and sodium benzoate). Anticorrosive solventbornealkyd paints were formulated with a zincphosphate content of 10% by volume (v\/v) with respectto the total pigment concentration. In all cases, thePVC\/CPVC (pigment volume concentration\/criticalpigment volume concentration) ratio was 0.8. Experimentalpaints, applied on sandblasted SAE 1010panels, were evaluated by accelerated tests (salt spraycabinet) and electrochemical measurements (electrochemicalimpedance spectroscopy, EIS). The resultsshow that the additions of small amounts of solublecorrosion inhibitors to low content zinc phosphatepaint formulations enhance their performance in a veryremarkable way. Perhaps, the most outstanding featureis that the employment of soluble additives allowed thereduction of the zinc phosphate content with concomitantsavings.","palabras_clave":"ANTICORROSIVE PAINTS|PHOSPHATE PIGMENTS|SOLUBLE ADDITIVES|ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112735,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Neotyphodium endophyte transmission to Lolium multiflorum seeds depends on the host plant fitness","resumen":"Frequency and distribution of symbiosis in nature depend both on the direct symbiont effect on the host fitness and on its efficiency to spread within host populations (transmission). For vertically transmittedNeotyphodium fungi, the attention has been centered on the endophyte effect on host grass plants but little is known about the controls of transmission. Environmental and genetic factors have been suggestedas important controls of transmission efficiency. We studied the effect of these two factors on the transmission efficiency of the Neotyphodium endophyte in Lolium multiflorum plants. Plant genotype of ahost population naturally endophyte-infected (95%) was manipulated by conducting controlled crosses with genetically distant plant populations. The resulting progeny was subjected to two types of factors,resource shortage and oxidative stress induced by an herbicide. Irrespective of plant genotype, high resource level increased seed yield per plant by 26-fold, spike-to-seed transmission by 12%, and plantto-seed transmission by 10% (not significant). Although herbicide effects could be mediated indirectly by changes in plant density or directly by oxidative stress, neither plant fitness nor transmission efficiencywas affected. An interesting pattern between transmission efficiency and seed yield per plant was revealed when plants (from both experiments) were plotted together. Low yielding plants, that is plantsthat grew under low resource level at high plant density, showed high transmission failures whereas high yielding plants, that is plants growing at low density with and without herbicide treatment, showedhigh transmission rates. Transmission failures may be a consequence of the endophyte cost for host plants growing under restrictive conditions, suggesting that lower transmission efficiency may partiallyexplain previous evidence showing lower endophyte infection frequency for grasses under stressful conditions.Host plants could be penalizing the endophyte through a competition-like mechanism, instead of depressing their own fitness.","palabras_clave":"endophyte|Lolium multiflorum|fitness|ryegrass"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112736,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydrogeochemistry of fluoride in the Quequen river basin: natural pollutants distribution in the argentine pampa","resumen":"Fluoride pollution is a widespread problem in Argentina, as it is in many areas of the World. Former investigations have demonstrated that the dissolution of volcanic glass disseminated in the loess-like sediments is the main source of fluoride in the Argentine pampas. Nevertheless, fluoride distribution is erratic and the factors controlling it are not yet well-known. A large amount of hydrochemical data collected in the Quequen Grande river catchment is used in order to contribute to the understanding of fluoride distribution and mobility in groundwater in the Argentine pampas. The Quequen Grande river catchment is 10,000 km2. It extends between two low hills ranges of Precambrian metamorphic rocks and sedimentary Paleozoic rocks, filled by a thick sequence of Cenozoic sediments, mainly silts and silt-clayed, with sand layers. These sediments form a multilayer phreatic aquifer, which is recharged from precipitation infiltration, discharging through streams directly into the sea. Fluoride concentration in surface water (n = 353) ranges between 0 and 6.5 mg\/l, with an average value of 2.14 mg\/l. Groundwater concentration (n = 135) is from 0 up to 5.7 mg\/l, with an average of 1.84 mg\/l. Considering the statistic distribution of fluoride, two groups of samples can be determined. A dominant group between 0 and 3 mg\/l, with a mean value around 1.5 mg\/l, corresponding to samples widely distributed in the catchment; and a second one group with fluoride contents between 3 and 6 mg\/l, corresponding to a smaller area in the central-west border. Two different sources are proposed. Volcanic glass dissolution is responsible for dominant values in the catchment, while the weathering of biotite from the Paleozoic bedrock can be assumed to account for the higher concentrations in the second group.","palabras_clave":"Argentine pampas|Quequen Grande river|Fluoride|Hydrogeochemisty"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112737,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EL USO DE CORINE LAND COVER EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE ACTIVIDADES POTENCIALMENTE CONTAMINANTES DEL AGUA SUBTERRÁNEA.  ANÁLISIS PRELIMINAR EN EL ÁREA  MAR DEL PLATA-BALCARCE (ARGENTINA)","resumen":"Este estudio se desarrolla en un área de 830 km2 entre las ciudades de Mar del Plata y Balcarce (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina) en la que se desarrollan actividades agrícolas, residenciales, comerciales, industriales, turísticas. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar las potencialidades y restricciones que presenta la metodología CORINE Land Cover, ampliamente utilizada en Europa, para discriminar diferentes usos del suelo y permitir, así, asociar cada uno de ellos con una carga contaminante potencial. Se ha adaptado la metodología en aspectos vinculados a la unidad mínima de análisis y a la generación de categorías que no estaban contempladas originalmente; el relevamiento se realizó a partir de imágenes satelitarias Landsat TM, Google EarthPro y reconocimiento de campo. Se identificaron y mapearon categorías de uso hasta tercer nivel. El uso de esta metodología es viable, aunque deben adecuarse la escala de trabajo y modificarse algunas categorías vinculadas a uso residencial.","palabras_clave":"contaminación|corine|agua subterránea"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112738,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular characterization and interactome analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi Tryparedoxin 1","resumen":"Ver adjunto","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma|proteome|tryparedoxin|redox"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112739,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aportes a la cronología del Sitio 1 de Cañada Honda (partido de Baradero, provincia de Buenos Aires)","resumen":"Se presentan dos dataciones radiocarbónicas para el Sitio 1 de Cañada Honda (partido de Baradero, provincia Buenos Aires). Ambas se  realizaron sobre restos óseos de Lama guanicoe de la Colección Cañada Honda del Museo Carlos Ameghino de Mercedes. Los fechados dieron 2030 ± 100 y 2139 ± 60 años C14 AP. Se discuten estas edades en relación con la historia geomorfológica del lugar donde se emplaza el sitio.","palabras_clave":"Arqueología Pampeana|Holoceno Tardío|Cronología|Adaptaciones Litorales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112740,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison of three methods for gastrointestinal nematode diagnosis determination in grazing dairy cattle in relation to milk production","resumen":"Development of resistance to anthelmintic drugs has motivated the search for diagnostic methods to identify animals for targeted selective treatments. We compared three methods for the diagnosis of nematode infection in relation to milk production in a fully grazingdairy herd of 150 cows in the humid Pampa (Argentina). Animals had feces, blood and milk sampled during the first postpartum month for EPG, pepsinogen and anti-Ostertagia antibody determination, respectively. With the results obtained two groups of cows, divided in high and low parasite burden, were conformed for each method, and milk production wasthen compared between groups. When cows were separated by the EPG method (EPG = 0 (N = 106) vs. EPG > 0 (N = 44)) a difference of nearly 800 l of milk per cow per lactation was found (P  1000) or by anti-Ostertagia (ODR &#8804; 0.5 vs. ODR > 0.5) resultsdid not differ. Interestingly, proportion of cows in each group differed between methods (P < 0.0001), and the anti-Ostertagia method yielded significantly more cows in the high index group compared to results using the EPG or Pepsinogen method. No correlations were found between parasite indexes determined by the different methods. High parasite burdenestimation found may be ascribed to the production system, fully grazing all year round, and to the sampling time, at the beginning of lactation with cows in negative energy balance and depressed immunity. The fact that the cows were born and reared outside, on pasture with continuous nematode larvae exposure, may also account for the results obtained.In conclusion, EPG counting during the first postpartum month may be a useful tool for the diagnosis of production impairment induced by high nematode burden in adult grazing dairy cows. The anthelmintic treatment of only the EPG-positive recently calved cows would improve milk production, while reducing selective pressure on nematode populationfor the development of resistance.","palabras_clave":"EPG|PEPSINOGEN|DAIRY CATLE|GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODS|MILK PRODUCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112741,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gastrointestinal parasites presence during the peripartum decreases total milk production in grazing dairy Holstein cows","resumen":"      Holstein female calves fed entirely on green pastures were treated with ivermectin from  birth to puberty in order to study the effect of parasitic burden of  reproductive and productive performance after puberty.. Puberty onset, age at  first service and age at calving were advanced by 30, 70 and 110 days,  respectively (P &lt; 0.05) in  ivermectin treated animals compared with untreated ones. No significant  differences were observed in conception rate, number of services and calving  features between both treated and untreated groups. Daily milk yield and fat  content in milk during first lactation as well as GH, IGF-1, insulin and  prolactin profiles.were similar in both groups of cows Culling percentage during  first lactation was greater in untreated (47%) than in treated (11%) cows (P &lt; 0.05). We conclude that  continuous ivermectin treatment during development in dairy&nbsp;cattle fed in  green pastures was beneficial to production as it advanced the onset of  lactation and improved the permanence of the cows in the dairy herd. ","palabras_clave":"parasite|milk|parturition|cow"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112742,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Common features and differences in the expression of the three genes forming the UGA regulon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae","resumen":"The three genes that form the UGA regulon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are responsible for the transport and degradation of &#947;-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in this organism. Despite the differences in the sequence of their promoters, these genes similarly respond to GABA stimuli. The expression of UGA1, UGA2 and UGA4 depends on GABA induction and nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR). The induction of these genes requires the action of at least two positive proteins, the specific Uga3 and the pleiotropic Uga35\/Dal81 transcription factors. Here we show that all the members of the UGA regulon, as was already demosntrated for UGA4, are negatively regulated by extracellular amino acids through the SPS amino acid sensor. We also show that this negative effect is caused by a low availability of Uga35\/Dal81 transcription factor and that Leu3 transcription factor negatively regulates UGA4 and UGA1 expression but it does not affect UGA2 expression.","palabras_clave":"UGA REGULON|SPS AMINOACID SENSOR|UGA35\/DAL81|LEU3"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112743,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Magnetic and elastic properties of CoFe2O4- polydimethylsiloxane magnetically oriented elastomer nanocomposites","resumen":"Magnetic elastic structured composites were prepared by using CoFe2O4 ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic nanoparticles as fillers in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrixes, which were cured in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Cobalt-iron oxide nanoparticles of three  different average sizes (between 2 and 12 nm) were synthesized and characterized. The smallest nanoparticles presented superparamagnetic behavior, with a blocking temperature of approximately 75 K, while larger particles are already blocked at room temperature. Macroscopically structured-anisotropic PDMS-CoFe2O4 composites were obtained when curing  the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the presence of a uniform magnetic field (0.3 T). The formation of the particle?s chains (needles) orientated in the direction of the magnetic field was  observed only when loading with the larger magnetically blocked nanoparticles. The SEM images show that the needles are formed by groups of nanoparticles which retain their original average  size. The Young?s moduli of the structured composites are four times larger when measured along the oriented needles than in the perpendicular direction. Magnetization (VSM) and ferromagnetic  resonance curves of the structured composites were determined as a function of the relative orientation between the needles and the probe field. The remanence magnetization was 30% higher  when measured parallel to the needles, while the coercive field remains isotropic. These observations are discussed in terms of the individual nanoparticle?s properties and its aggregation in the composites.","palabras_clave":"Composite|Nanoparticles|Magnetic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112744,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of biodeposition of an invasive polychaete on organic matter content and productivity of the sediment in a coastal lagoon","resumen":"The reef-forming polychaete Ficopomatus enigmaticus is the main   benthic suspension-feeding species of the Mar Chiquita lagoon (37° 40' S, 57° 23' W; Argentina) and exerts a strong top-down control on   phytoplankton biomass. A large portion of the ingested material is   rejected as faeces, and a fraction of the material filtered is packed   and discarded as pseudofaeces, which could be deposited on the sediment   or horizontally displaced by water flow. In this work we evaluate the   effect of this biodeposition on the organic matter (OM) content and   productivity of the sediment between reefs. Laboratory experiments show   that the OM from biodeposition was 21 times higher than the sediment   between reefs and with low C per mg matter\/N per mg matter. Sediment   traps underneath live reefs showed higher OM content compared to traps   underneath dead reefs but only in areas with low water currents,   suggesting the importance of hydrodynamic conditions for this process. In situ mesocosms showed that F. enigmaticus   decreased up to 45% the phytoplankton biomass, up to 50% the turbidity   and up to 20% the particulate OM of the water column and, consequently   enhanced up to 50% the OM deposited on the bottom. But there were no   differences in the OM of sediment with increased distance from the   reefs. Sediment gross primary production was lower in the sediment   closer to reefs, but when adults of the high-density local crab that   live underneath reefs were excluded, the productivity increased,   suggesting that the activity of the crabs could be counteracting the   reef effect on sediment. In summary, biodeposits of F. enigmaticus   can enrich the sediment, but crab activity and water currents can   disperse the suspended and\/or deposited material, decreasing the OM   content of sediment close to the reefs. However, these effects   (suspension feeding and biodeposition) are linked, and could increase   flux of particles from water column to the bottom of the lagoon,   increasing the benthic\u2013pelagic coupling.","palabras_clave":"Filter Feeders|Biogenic Deposits|Particulate Organic Matter|Introduced Species|Ecosystem Engineering|Ficopomatus enigmaticus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112745,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of dominant Spartina species on salt marsh detritus production in SW  Atlantic estuaries","resumen":"Two cordgrass species of the genus Spartina cohabit in SW Atlantic (southern Brazil 31º48' S to Argentinean Patagonia, 43º20' S) salt marshes. Some salt marshes are dominated by the dense\u2013flowered cordgrass Spartina densiflora (which inhabits the upper intertidal level) and others by the smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora (which inhabits the lower intertidal level). We investigated how the different species dominance affects the detritus dynamics in the Bahia Blanca estuary (38º47' S, 62º20' W Argentina). Field measurements of annual detritus production using destructive methods show that both plants are similar. However, detritus of S. alterniflora shows higher decomposition rates than that of S. densiflora. This difference may be due to a larger N content, lower lignocellulose content and lower C\/N ratio of S. alternifora when compared with S. densiflora. Moreover, field sampling shows that S. alterniflora has a larger amount of trapped litter that, according to the litterbag method, has higher decomposition rates. Threfore it is highly likely that S. alterniflora salt marshes contribute towards more profitable detritus for estuarine food webs than marshesdominated by S. densiflora. These results illustrate that the composition of the coastal plant community can determine the quality and profitability of the detritus that support estuarine food webs. They also illustrate that salt marshes belonging to a same biogeographic group and even coexisting in great proximity can have very different ecosystemic roles.","palabras_clave":"salt marsh|detritus production|plant community|S. alterniflora|S. densiflora"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112746,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impact of crab bioturbation on benthic flux and nitrogen dynamics of Southwest Atlantic intertidal marshes and mudflats","resumen":"The effect of the SW Atlantic intertidal burrowing crab Neohelice (Chasmagnathus) granulata   on benthic metabolism, benthic flux, and benthic N cycling processes   was investigated through field experiments and in situ benthic chambers   incubations. Our experimental results show that the presence and   activity of N.&nbsp;granulata and its burrows may affect the direction   and magnitude of nutrient benthic fluxes. Bioturbation enhanced   ammonium efflux at mudflats, and influx at marshes. The flux of nitrate   toward the sediment was stimulated by crabs at light and dark conditions   in marshes, but only under light exposure in mudflats. Crab   bioturbation stimulated benthic metabolism, N mineralization,   nitrification and denitrification potentials in both sites. Crabs seem   to have contrasting effects on dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN)   availability between marshes and mudflats, as reflected on benthic DIN   flux. This different effect on DIN availability and also the possible   different effects of crabs on N2-fixers organisms could explain the opposite N2 fixation pattern found for both habitats, since crabs promoted N2   fixation in marshes, but diminished its rate in mudflats. Thus, the   results obtained here through manipulative field experiments using   benthic chambers suggest that macrofauna may influence the N benthic   cycle and DIN fluxes in estuarine sediments. Besides, these macrofauna   effects could be context-dependent, being many of them opposite between   mudflats and marshes. We concluded that the above mentioned effects and   the bioturbation\u2013macrophytes interaction may be affecting the dissolved   nutrient exportation from marshes to open waters.","palabras_clave":"bioturbation|benthic flux|nitrogen cycle|intertidal sediment|biogeochemistry|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112747,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Incorporating the process of vertical transmission into understanding of host-symbiont dynamics","resumen":"Variation exists in the frequency of obligate, vertically transmitted symbiotic organisms within and among host populations; however, these patterns have not been adequately explained by variable fi tness eff ects of symbionts on their hosts. In this forum, we call attention to another equally important, but overlooked mechanism to maintain variation in the frequency of symbioses in nature: the rate of vertical transmission. On ecological time scales, vertical transmission can aff ectthe equilibrium frequencies of symbionts in host populations, with potential consequences for population and community dynamics. In addition, vertical transmission has the potential to infl uence the evolution of symbiosis, by affecting the probability of fi xation of symbiosis (and therefore the evolution of complexity) and by allowing hosts to sanction against costly symbionts. Here we use grass \u2013 epichloae symbioses as a model system to explore the causes and consequences of variation in vertical transmission rates. We identify critical points for symbiont transmission that emerge from considering the host growth cycle devoted to reproduction (asexual vs sexual) and the host capability to maintain homeostasis. We also use information on the process of transmission to predict the environmental factors that would most likely aff ect transmissionrates. Altogether, we aim to highlight the vertical transmission rate as an important process for understanding the ecology and evolution of symbiosis, using grass \u2013 epichloae interactions as a case study.","palabras_clave":"Transmission mode|Fungal endophytes|plant-endophyte interaction|coevolution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112748,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First full-length genomic sequence of a hepatitis A virus isolated in Argentina shows recombination between subgenotypes IA and IB","resumen":"A hepatitis A virus (HAV) recovered in Argentina from a stool sample of a     sick child in the year 2006 (HAV-Arg\/06) was entirely sequenced.     Phylogenetic analysis included the HAV-Arg\/06 sequence in subgenotype     IA, either considering the usual VP1-2A variable junction fragment or     the full length nucleotide sequence. Interestingly, a recombination     event with subgenotype IB, involving a portion of the 2C-3A     nonstructural proteins coding region (nucleotides 4961-5140) was     detected using specific software. Only subgenotype IA strains have been     detected in Argentina or Uruguay, whereas subgenotype IA and IB   strains   have been reported to circulate in Brazil. Although   recombination has   been given an important role in the evolution of   picornaviruses, there   have been only a few reports of its involvement   in the evolution of HAV,   probably due to the limited number of   complete HAV sequences available.   This study constitutes the first   report of a full-length HAV sequence   in Argentina and the third in   South America, after the sequence of the   IA isolate HAV5 from Uruguay   and the IB isolate HAF-203 from Brazil. The   availability of new   sequence data covering the complete HAV genome will   help establish a   more consistent genetic relatedness among HAV isolates   and the role of   recombination in its evolution.","palabras_clave":"Hepatitis A|Full-length sequence|Recombination event|Argentine isolate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112749,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evolution of Canine Parvovirus in Argentina between years 2003 and 2010: CPV2c has become the predominant variant affecting the domestic dog population","resumen":"The current frequency of Canine Parvovirus variants (CPV2a, CPV2b and CPV2c) in the Argentine dog population was investigated by PCR amplification of a 583 bp fragment in the VP2 gene. From a total of 79 rectal swab samples that have been submitted to our laboratory since 2008, 55 (69.6%) resulted positive and were further analyzed by direct DNA sequencing. Fifty positives samples (91%) were characterized as CPV2c variant, which appeared in Argentina in the year 2003 and has been the prevalent type since 2008, whereas CPV2a and CPV2b, still found in Argentine dogs, were represented in 3.6% and 5.4% of the population, respectively. Considering that CPV2c is spreading worldwide, and that this variant is also affecting vaccinated dogs, efforts should be made towards the development of new matched CPV vaccines. ","palabras_clave":"CANINE PARVOVIRUS|VP2 GENE|CPV2c VARIANTS|SEQUENCE ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112750,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Determination of inorganic selenium species in water and garlic samples with on-line ionic liquid dispersive microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry","resumen":"A non-chromatographic separation and preconcentration method for Se species determination based  on the use of an on-line ionic liquid (IL) dispersive microextraction system coupled to electrothermal  atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) is proposed. Retention and separation of the IL phase was  achieved with a Florisil®-packed microcolumn after dispersive liquid?liquid microextraction (DLLME)  with tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium chloride IL (CYPHOS® IL 101). Selenite [Se(IV)] species was selectively  separated by forming Se?ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (Se?APDC) complex followed  by extraction with CYPHOS® IL 101. The methodology was highly selective towards Se(IV), while selenate  [Se(VI)] was reduced and then indirectly determined. Several factors influencing the efficiency of the preconcentration  technique, such as APDC concentration, sample volume, extractant phase volume, type of  eluent, elution flow rate, etc., have been investigated in detail. The limit of detection (LOD) was 15 ng L&#8722;1  and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for 10 replicates at 0.5 g L&#8722;1 Se concentration was 5.1%, calculated  with peak heights. The calibration graph was linear and a correlation coefficient of 0.9993 was  achieved. The method was successfully employed for Se speciation studies in garlic extracts and water","palabras_clave":"Tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium chloride ionic liquid|Selenium|Liquid liquid microextraction|Preconcentration"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112751,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Apellidos, familias y linajes moleculares: el caso de Azampay, Catamarca","resumen":"En todas las sociedades se encuentran múltiples maneras de clasificar la ascendencia y descendencia de cada persona. Además de los vínculos establecidos desde el nacimiento y de los adquiridos, las relaciones de  parentesco tienen un correlato biológico que permite definir linajes.  Se emplearon técnicas de análisis molecular para caracterizar el perfil genético de la comunidad de Azampay, Catamarca. Los objetivos fueron establecer porcentajes y aportes diferenciales de componentes americanos  y extra-americanos en esta población con mezcla génica, reconstruir su historia migratoria y cotejar los linajes moleculares con genealogías basadas en registros oficiales y relatos orales.  Entre los haplogrupos masculinos, 88 % tuvieron procedencia foránea, mientras que 100% de los antepasados femeninos fueron amerindios. La migración laboral es una estrategia económica establecida, estando  la crianza de nietos a cargo de sus abuelos. Es la vía de introducción de nuevos linajes moleculares, sin registrar siempre un correlato en la cantidad de apellidos.  Palabras claves: Parentesco; ADN; Linajes Moleculares; Genealogías; Genética de Poblaciones","palabras_clave":"PARENTESCO|ADN|LINAJES MOLECULARES|GENEALOGIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112752,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Antecedentes y nuevos aportes en el estudio del Cromosoma Y en poblaciones humanas sudamericanas","resumen":"ESTE TRABAJO CORRESPONDE AL CAMPO DISCIPLINAR DE LA ANTROPOLOGÍA FÍSICA (DISCIPLINADESAGREGADA 5701-ANTROPOLOGÍA FÍSICA), QUE NO SE ENCUENTRA ENTRE LAS OPCIONES A ELEGIREN LA PLANILLA DE 'AREA DEL CONOCIMIENTO'.The improvements in knowledge of human genome has also impact in the comprehension of the specific region of human Y-chromosome. In the last years almost 600 bialelic polymorphisms (SNP) have been described, in base of them a consistent phylogeny have been constructed, and a nomenclature have been normalized. In the present work we have analyzed 940 samples from males of 10 aboriginal populations from Argentina, Chile and Paraguay; and 12 urban populations from Argentina. Nine SNP that characterize mayor clades of the phylogeny have been analyzed, it was possible to recognize Q* and Q3 Native American haplogrups, and AB, DE, F, K, P y R foreigner haplogroups. Fst was 0.17, showing a high level of differentiation between populations. The MDS analysis showed a differentiation of aboriginal populations from urban, the stress was 0.0297 that was a good adjustment. The auto identified aboriginals and Jujuy populations showed a high proportion of Y-chromosomes from Q3 haplogroups, the Paraguayan populations differentiated from the others due they high proportion of Q* haplogroups. The urban populations were characterized by the foreigner haplogroups entering to the populations by European and others regions migrations.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"LINAJES PATERNOS|HAPLOGRUPOS|SNP|ANCESTRALIDAD GENETICA|POBLACIONES HUMANAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112753,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estructura genético-isonímica del Noroeste Argentino","resumen":"Los estudios de población convocan la atención de muchas disciplinas y enfoques (demográfico, económico, social, genético, etc). Esto convierte a la población, por estar además asociada y existir en marcos espacio-temporales concretos, en un objeto de estudio interdisciplinario. Cada disciplina puede delinear correctamente niveles de población o estructuras dentro de las poblaciones. Estas estructuras, parcialmente flexibles, lábiles e interdependientes (Macbeth y Collison, 2002), pueden ser tan inclusivas como la población mundial o tan limitada como la familia (Macbeth y Collison, 2002). Genéticamente una población puede ser subdividida en subpoblaciones y estas en demes. Socialmente desde la familia a la comunidad, al grupo étnico o idiomático, etc.  Sin embargo, el concepto de estructura de población es utilizado de manera imprecisa Las poblaciones se abordarían desde el punto de vista de cada disciplina, sus métodos y supuestos teóricos. Sin embargo, este enfoque clásico resulta en cierta forma limitante. A menos que el objetivo de estos estudios sea meramente descriptivo, las diferentes estructuras de población no deberían considerarse aisladamente, sino en forma conjunta intentando comprender sus interrelaciones (Castro de Guerra, 1987). La complejidad de la población como objeto de estudio justifican aún mas la interdisciplinariedad de su abordaje, la necesidad de un enfoque totalizante que incluya junto a la consideración de los factores disciplinares específicos, otros provenientes de disciplinas relacionadas. Este enfoque sistémico debería contribuir a integrar las múltiples interrelaciones entre los diversos fenómenos (demográfico, social, biológico, económico, etc) que caracterizan a las poblaciones humanas.","palabras_clave":"apellidos|marcadores moleculares|estructura de población|NOA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112754,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"MODELLING AND HIGH PERFORMANCE SIMULATION OF ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUES IN MICROFLUIDIC CHIPS","resumen":"Electrophoretic separations comprise a group of analytical techniques such as capillary zone electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, isotachophoresis and free flow electrophoresis. These techniques have been miniaturized in the last years and now represent one of the most important applications of the lab-on-a-chip technology. A 3D and timedependent numerical model of electrophoresis on microfluidic devices is presented. The model is based on the set of equations that governs electrical phenomena, fluid dynamics, mass transport and chemical reactions. The relationship between the buffer characteristics (ionic strength, pH) and surface potential of channel walls is taken into consideration. Numerical calculations were performed by using PETSc-FEM, in a Python environment, employing high performance parallel computing. The method includes a set of last generation preconditioners and solvers, especially addressed to 3D microfluidic problems, which significantly improve the numerical efficiency in comparison with typical commercial software for multiphysics. In this work, after discussing two validation examples, the numerical prototyping of a microfluidic chip for two-dimensional electrophoresis is presented.","palabras_clave":"MICROFLUIDIC CHIPS|ELECTROPHORESIS|NUMERICAL MODEL|PETSC-FEM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112755,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Capillary Filling in Nanostructured Porous Silicon","resumen":"An experimental study on the capillary filling of nanoporous silicon with different fluids is presented. Thin nanoporous membranes were obtained by electrochemical anodization and the filling dynamics was measured by laser interferometry, taking advantage of the optical properties of the system, related with the small pore radius in comparison to light wavelength. This optical technique is relatively simple to implement, and yields highly reproducible data. A fluid dynamic model for the filling process is also proposed including the main characteristics of the porous matrix (tortuosity, average hydraulic radius).&nbsp; The model was tested for different ambient pressures, porous layer morphology and fluid properties. It was found that the model reproduces well the experimental data accordingly to the different conditions. The predicted pore radii quantitatively agree with the image information from scanning electron microscopy. This technique can be readily used as nanofluidic sensor to determine fluid properties such as viscosity and surface tension of a small sample of liquid. Besides, the whole method can be suitable to characterize a porous matrix.","palabras_clave":"Capillary filling|Porous silicon|Optical interferometry|Microfluidics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112756,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Protein-protein interactions in crystals of the human receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase ICA512 ectodomain","resumen":"ICA512 (or IA-2) is a transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase located in secretory granules of neuroendocrine cells. Initially, it was identified as one of the main antigens of autoimmune diabetes. Later, it was found that during insulin secretion, the cytoplasmic domain of ICA512 is cleaved and relocated to the nucleus, where it stimulates the transcription of the insulin gene. The role of the other parts of the receptor in insulin secretion is yet to be unveiled. The structures of the intracellular pseudocatalytic and mature extracellular domains are known, but the transmembrane domain and several intracellular and extracellular parts of the receptor are poorly characterized. Moreover the overall structure of the receptor remains to be established. We started to address this issue studying by X-ray crystallography the structure of the matureectodomain of ICA512 (ME ICA512) and variants thereof. The variants and crystallization conditions were chosen with the purpose of exploring putative association interfaces, metal binding sites and all other structural details that might help, insubsequent works, to build a model of the entire receptor. Several structural features were clarified and three main different association modes of ME ICA512 were identified. The results provide essential pieces of information for the design of new experiments aimed to assess the structure in vivo.","palabras_clave":"Proteínas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112757,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Urodilatin increases renal dopamine uptake: intracellular network involved","resumen":"Dopamine and urodilatin promote natriuresis and diuresis through a common pathway that involves reversible deactivation of renal Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. We have reported that urodilatin enhances dopamine uptake in outer renal cortex through the natriuretic peptide type A receptor. Moreover, urodilatin enhances dopamine-induced inhibition of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity. The objective of the present work was to investigate the intracellular signals involved in urodilatin effects on dopamine uptake in renal cortex of kidney rats. We show that urodilatin-elicited increase in (3)H-dopamine was blunted by methylene blue (10&nbsp;ìM), a non-specific guanylate cyclase inhibitor, and by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (1&nbsp;ìM), a particulate guanylate cyclase inhibitor, but not by 1H-[1,2,4]-Oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]-quinoxalin-1-one (10&nbsp;ìM), a specific soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor; therefore the involvement of particulate guanylate cyclase on urodilatin mediated dopamine uptake was confirmed. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate and proteinkinase G were also implicated in the signaling pathway, since urodilatin effects were mimicked by the analog 125&nbsp;ìM 8-Br-cGMP and blocked by the proteinkinase G-specific inhibitor, KT-5823 (1&nbsp;ìM). In conclusion, urodilatin increases dopamine uptake in renal cortex stimulating natriuretic peptide type A receptor, which signals through particulate guanylate cyclase activation, cyclic guanosine monophosphate generation, and proteinkinase G activation. Dopamine and urodilatin may achieve their effects through a common pathway that involves deactivation of renal Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, reinforcing their natriuretic and diuretic properties","palabras_clave":"URODILATIN|DOPAMINE|cGMP|KIDNEY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112758,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Partial dehydration and cryopreservation of citrus seeds","resumen":"BACKGROUND: Three&nbsp; categories ofseed storage behavior are generallyrecognized among plant species:orthodox, intermediate and recalcitrant.Intermediate seeds cannot be stored in liquid nitrogen (LN) without a previouspartial dehydration process.Thewater content (WC) of the seeds at the moment of immersion in LN must beregarded as the most critical factor in cryopreservation. The purpose of thisstudywas to investigate the basis of the optimal hydration status forcryopreservation of Citrusseeds: C. sinensis (sweet orange), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. reticulata (mandarin) in LN.RESULTS:To study the tolerance to dehydration and LN exposure, seeds were desiccated byequilibration at relative humidities between 11 and 95%. Sorption isotherms weredetermined and modeled; lipid content of the seeds was measured. Seed desiccationsensitivity was quantified by the quantal response model. Differential scanningcalorimetry (DSC) thermograms were determined on cotyledon tissue at differentmoisture contents to measure ice melting enthalpies and unfrozen WC.Samplesof total seed lipid extract were also analyzed by DSC to identify lipidtransitions in the thermograms.CONCLUSIONS:The limit of hydration for LN Citrus seeds treatment corresponded to the unfrozenWC in the tissue, confirming that seed survival strictly depended on avoidanceof intracellular ice formation.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Citrus seed cryopreservation; |desiccation; |water activity; |DSC; unfrozen water"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112759,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"dCTL: A Branching Time Temporal Logic for Fault-Tolerant  System Verification","resumen":"With the increasing demand for highly dependable and constantly available systems, being able to reason about faults and their impact on systems is gaining considerable attention. In this paper, we are concerned with the provision of a logic especially tailored for describing fault tolerance properties, and supporting automated verification. This logic, which we refer to as dCTL, employs temporal deontic operators in order to distinguish \u201Cgood\u201D (normal) from \u201Cbad\u201D (faulty) behaviors, using deontic permission, prohibition and obligation combined in a novel way with temporal operators. These formulas are interpreted over transition systems, in which normal executions are distinguished from faulty ones. Furthermore, we show that this logic is sufficiently expressive to describe various common properties of interest in fault tolerant systems,  and show that it features some desirable characteristics that make it suitable for analysis. Indeed, even though we show that the logic is more expressive than CTL, we prove that it maintains the time complexity of the model checking problem for CTL. The logic, its expressiveness and its use to express properties of fault tolerant systems, are illustrated via some case studies.","palabras_clave":"Software Specification|Software Verification|Fault Tolerance|Model Checking"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112760,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nuclear DNA content in the polyploid complex Turnera ulmifolia (Turnera L., Passifloraceae)","resumen":"Turnera ulmifolia constitutes a well studied polyploid complex with allo- and auto-polyploidsspecies ranging from 2x to 8x. Flow cytometry was used to determine nuclear DNA content and toestimate 2C and 1Cx-values with the aim of analysing the genome size in Turnera under the view ofpolyploid speciation. The 2C-value and 1Cx-value were evaluated in 12 species of the T. ulmifoliacomplex. Nuclear DNA content was estimated by flow cytometry of nuclei stained with PropidiumIodide. The 2C DNA content ranged from 1.38 to 1.83 pg in diploids, from 2.67 to 3.96 pg. in tetraploids,from 2.73 to 4.31 pg. in hexaploids, and from 3.53 to 5.90 pg. in octoploids. The 1Cx-value ranged from0.44 to 0.99 pg. Turnera ulmifolia complex showed an increase in total DNA-content with the ploidylevel, but not in the expected proportion. The general tendency indicated a decrease in the 1Cx-valuewith increasing chromosome number, with T. grandidentata 4x being an outstanding exception. The1Cx-values in the allooctoploids T. aurelii and T. cuneiformis differed by 1.6-fold from each otherprobably as a result of different evolution processes from a common origin.","palabras_clave":"Turnera|Passifloraceae|DNA content|polyploid complex"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112761,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Techno-Morphological and Use-Wear Analysis on Lithic and Bone Tools from Campo Laborde Site (Pampean Region, Argentina)","resumen":"Investigations carried out at Campo Laborde site provide new evidence for technological strategies associated with hunting and butchering a giant ground sloth (Megatherium americanum) during the early Holocene (Messineo and Politis 2009; Politis and Messineo 2008). Debitage analysis developed previously indicates that the last stages of the lithic reduction sequences (production and resharpening of cutting tools) were recognized both on nonlocal quartzite and on local raw materials such as chert and silicified dolomite (Messineo 2008; Politis and Messineo 2008). This paper reports technomorphological and use-wear analysis performed on two lithic and two megamammal bone tools found in the site.","palabras_clave":"Lithic tools |megamammal bone tools|use-wear analysis|Pampean region"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112762,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"INTEGRIDAD Y ESTRATEGIAS DE PRODUCCIÓN LITICA EN UN SITIO DE CAZADORES-RECOLECTORES DE LA ESTEPA FUEGUINA: YAR HAYEN (TIERRA DEL FUEGO, ARGENTINA).","resumen":"integridad y estrategias de producción litica en UN sitio de cazadores-recolectores de la estepa fueguina: YAR HAYEN (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina). Jimena Oría* y Nélida Pal** RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se dan a conocer las diferentes líneas metodológicas utilizadas en el estudio del sitio Yar Hayen (Norte de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego). Los objetivos son: 1) evaluar la integridad del conjunto a partir de la identificación de los procesos que intervinieron en su formación; 2) aportar al estudio de las estrategias tecnológicas empleadas en la manufactura del conjunto lítico y 3) evaluar la aplicabilidad de esta metodología al resto de los conjuntos arqueológicos recuperados en el área. Los resultados alcanzados permitieron inferir una integridad media-alta del conjunto. El sitio fue definido como un taller en el cual se llevaron a cabo uno o varios eventos de talla.&nbsp; * CONICET-CADIC. B. Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego. E-mail: jimenaoria@hotmail.com ** CONICET-CADIC\/INCUAPA. B. Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego. E-mail: nelidapal@yahoo.com.ar ","palabras_clave":"CAZADORES-RECOLECTORES|INTEGRIDAD|TECNOLOGIA LITICA|TIERRA DEL FUEGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112763,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Producción y uso de artefactos líticos en contextos cazadores-recolectores del Area Interserrana (Argentina): Análisis integral de la diversidad tecno-morfológica y funcional","resumen":"En este trabajo se integran los resultados de los análisis tecno-morfológico y funcional de base microscópica de los instrumentos líticos de los sitios Cortaderas y Las Brusquillas 1, localizados en el área Interserrana (región pampeana, Argentina), correspondientes a ocupaciones cazadoras-recolectoras del Holoceno tardío inicial (3.500 - 2.000 años A.P.). Los objetivos de este trabajo son contribuir a la caracterización funcional de los contextos arqueológicos bajo estudio, aportar al conocimiento de las estrategias tecnológicas involucradas en la producción y uso de los instrumentos líticos en la microregión de estudio y en el área Interserrana y evaluar la correspondencia entre los resultados de los análisis tecno-morfológico y funcional. Los resultados de este último tipo de análisis apoyan la caracterización funcional de ambos sitios como campamentos residenciales en los cuales se procesaron recursos faunísticos y aportan nueva información acerca de la manufactura y\/o mantenimiento de artefactos sobre madera. Por otra parte, la integración de ambos tipos de análisis lítico sugiere el aprovechamiento intensivo de las materias primas y la búsqueda de versatilidad en la producción y uso de los conjuntos artefactuales por parte de las sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras de la microregión; asimismo, indica que la diversidad tecno-morfológica no necesariamente se corresponde con la variabilidad funcional. ","palabras_clave":"ANÁLISIS FUNCIONAL|PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES|TECNOLOGÍA LÍTICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112764,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New record of a stranded sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and a review of strandings along the continental Argentine coast","resumen":"In this paper we present a new record of sperm whale with notes on diet, age determination and a review of strandings along the continental argentine coast. A complete necropsy was made in the field, and morphometric data were taken. The specimen stranded was a mature male of 64+ years old. This is the oldest specimen determined for a sperm whale in the Southwest Atlantic coast. In the stomach contents a total of 302 cephalopod lower beaks were recovered. Cestodes were present in the blubber but parasites were not found in stomach and intestine contents.                                               ","palabras_clave":"SPERM WHALE|AGE DETERMINATION|STRANDING|CONTINENTAL ARGENTINE COAST"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112765,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Far from home: record of a vagrant striped dolphin in Patagonia with notes on diet, parasites and  age determination","resumen":"The striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) (Meyen, 1833) is a pelagic small cetacean withprimary distribution in tropical and subtropical waters. Here, we present a record of a vagrantindividual of striped dolphin in Patagonia, out of its distribution range. The animal was 1 year old,measured 148 cm. and weighted 35 Kg. The specimen was classified as immature due to the small development of the epididymis and the absence of spermatozoa in testicular smear. Helminths found belong to two families of Cestoda: cysts of Phyllobothrium delphini&nbsp; (Phyllobothriidae) and Tetrabothrius sp. (Tetrabothriidae). In addition, 1 Pholeter gastrophilus (Digenea: Pholeteridae) was collected. In the stomach we found two cephalopod beaks, identified as argentine shortfin squid and lesser shining bobtail and 6 crystallines of non-identified small fishes. This stranding event constitutes the 9th record and the most southern record for the species at the Argentine coast and documentation of the striped dolphin as part of the cetacean biodiversity of Argentina","palabras_clave":"STENELLA COERULEOALBA|STRIPED DOLPHIN|DISTRIBUTION|PATAGONIA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112766,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SATELLITE IMAGES AND GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS APPLIED TO THE MONITORING OF THE HORCONES INFERIOR GLACIER, MENDOZA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"This work analyzes the monitoring of the covered and regenerated Horcones Inferior Glacier (HIG) since the implementation of a semi-permanent GNSS station (HISS) on its surface during the summer seasons of 2009 and 2010. The glacier is located at 32° 41 S and 69° 57 W, at the foot of the south wall of Mt. Aconcagua, Aconcagua Provincial Park, Mendoza, Argentina. The average velocities obtained from the HISS station were of 1.3 cm\/d and 3.5 cm\/d during the 2009 and 2010 seasons respectively. The data procured using satellite images during the last surges (1984 and 2003) gave average velocities for the HIG front of 8.7 m\/d for the first event and 11.5 m\/d for the second one.These results allowed getting accurate and reliable movement tendency at the terminal part of the HIG during the 1984-2010 period.","palabras_clave":"HORCONES INFERIOR GLACIER|DEBRIS COVERED GLACIER|SURGING GLACIER| GNSS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112767,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural changes in gluten protein structure after addition of emulsifier. A Raman spectroscopy study","resumen":"Food protein product, gluten protein, was chemically modified by varying levels of sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL); and the extent of modifications (secondary and tertiary structures) of this protein was analyzed by using Raman spectroscopy. Analysis of the Amide I band showed an increase in its intensity mainly after the addition of the 0.25% of SSL to wheat flour to produced modified gluten protein, pointing the formation of a more ordered structure. Side chain vibrations also confirmed the observed changes.","palabras_clave":"GLUTEN CONFORMATION|SODIUM STEAROYL LACTYLATE (SSL)|RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112768,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Time is not Enough: Dealing with Behavior in Real-Time Systems","resumen":"In this paper, the Behavioral Importance Priority Server (BIPS)   algorithm is proposed to schedule sets of hard\/soft real-time tasks. The   mechanism postpones or advances the execution of the next instance of a   task according to the value obtained from a function properly   associated to the behavior of the task; as a consequence, there is a   flexible adaptation of the bandwidth required by each server. A   synchronization method is introduced to prevent deadlocks and priority   inversions in the case of sets of tasks sharing resources along with the   necessary and sufficient conditions for the schedulability analysis. A   software framework proposing an abstract architecture of a system based   on BIPS is also presented. The BIPS software framework intends to bridge   the gap between theoretical scheduling aspects and the actual   implementation of them. Since BIPS is capable of managing very different   sets of tasks, it covers a wide variety of applications found in the   real world.                                               ","palabras_clave":"behavior|real-time|scheduling|system development"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112769,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Real-Time Analysis Approach in Opportunistic Networks","resumen":"There are several mobile work scenarios requiring real-time messages. Examples of these scenarios are disaster relief or mobile work in isolated areas. Although opportunistic networks are not intended for real-time messages, under certain conditions the communication could be feasible. This paper presents the schedulability analysis of an opportunistic networkfor real-time traffic. It includes a stochastic and deterministic analysis of the network performance. Moreover, a scheduling policy is also proposed.","palabras_clave":"opportunistic networks|scheduling|emergency handling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112770,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Southernmost records of bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus","resumen":"Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) are cosmopolitan animals widely distributed in waters of both hemispheres. The taxonomy of Tursiops has long been controversial, with over 20 specific names being published,and subspecies and inshore\/offshore forms being proposed. In the southwestern South Atlantic, subspecies T. truncatus truncatus and T. truncatus gephyreus were proposed for specimens along the coasts of Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Sightings of bottlenose dolphins are common along the coast of Argentina as far south as the Province ofChubut (ca. 46S). Here, we summarize and discuss the southernmost records of bottlenose dolphins. We cannot make inferences about the species or subspecies to which these animals belong given the small number of specimens. Future studies of external measurements, pigmentation,DNA, and isotopes from both sides of the continent should help clarify the situation off southern South America. Furthermore, research is needed to explore a possible link between an effect of general global warming and the Tursiops specimens found this far south. The sighting and specimens described here, at 53S?nearly 55S, are the southernmost records for the genus and extend the range of the species in the southern South Atlantic.","palabras_clave":"BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN|TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS|SOUTHERN SOUTH ATLANTIC|DISTRIBUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112771,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Records of Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus, in coastal waters of southern Argentina","resumen":"We review the records of Risso\u2019s dolphin (Grampus griseus) in subantarctic waters of the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean from published and unpublished sighting and strandings. Based on 59 sighting (n = 521 individuals) and 33 stranding records (n = 88 individuals), we identified three main areas of Risso\u2019s dolphin concentration in Patagonian waters, which have been observed mostly during the austral summer. We were unable to find published or unpublished reports of Risso\u2019s dolphin in offshore or over deep-water areas in this region. Future studies covering other potential areas of the species\u2019 distribution are important to improve the scarce information known for this dolphin in this area.","palabras_clave":"GRAMPUS GRISEUS|STRANDINGS|SIGHTINGS|SOUTHWESTERN SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112772,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Fitoplancton de ambientes lóticos de la cuenca superior del río Salí, Tucumán, Argentina","resumen":"El fitoplancton de los ríos Salí (tributario y emisario), Vipos y Tapia estuvo representado por 224 taxones y las Bacillariophyceae en especial, las pennadas, tuvieron la mayor riqueza específica, luego se ubicaron las Chlorophyta y las Cyanobacteria. La única alga roja registrada sólo fue hallada en los ríos Tapia y Salí emisario, encontrándose también en este último los dinoflagelados. Se citan por primera vez para el noroeste argentino 34 taxones de Bacillariophyceae que corresponden a: 27 especies, 5 variedades y 2 formas. Se proponen tres nuevas combinaciones nomenclaturales. ","palabras_clave":"FITOPLANCTON |RIOS |SALI |NOROESTE ARGENTINO |TUCUMAN |ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112773,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Earthquake deformation in the northwestern Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina based on seismic waveform modeling","resumen":"We investigate the seismic properties of modern crustal seismicity in the northwestern Sierras Pampeanas of the Andean retroarc region of Argentina.Wemodelled the complete regional seismic broadband  waveforms of two crustal earthquakes that occurred in the Sierra de Velasco on 28 May 2002 and in the Sierra de Ambato on 7 September 2004. For each earthquake we obtained the seismic moment tensor  inversion (SMTI) and tested for its focal depth. Our results indicate mainly thrust focal mechanism solutions of magnitudesMw 5.8 and 6.2 and focal depths of 10 and 8 km, respectively. These results represent  the larger seismicity and shallower focal depths in the last 100 years in this region. The SMTI 2002 and 2004 solutions are consistent with previous determinations for crustal seismicity in this region that also  used seismic waveform modelling. Taken together, the results for crustal seismicity of magnitudes &#8805;5.0 in the last 30 years are consistent with an average P-axis horizontally oriented by an azimuth of 125&#9702;  and T-axis orientation of azimuth 241&#9702; and plunge 58&#9702;. This modern crustal seismicity and the historical earthquakes are associated with two active reverse faulting systems of opposite vergences bounding  the eastern margin of the Sierra de Velasco in the south and the southwestern margin of the Sierra de Ambato in the north. Strain recorded by focal mechanisms of the larger seismicity is very consistent over  this region and is in good agreement with neotectonic activity during the last 11,000 years by Costa (2008)and Casa et al. (in press); this shows that the dominant deformation in this part of the Sierras Pampeanas  is mainly controlled by contraction. Seismic deformation related to propagation of thrusts and longlived shear zones of this area permit to disregard previous proposals, which suggested an extensional or  sinistral regime for the geomorphic evolution since Pleistocene.","palabras_clave":"SIERRAS PAMPEANAS|BROADBAND WAVEFORMS|CRUSTAL SEISMICITY|CONTINENTAL SEISMICITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112774,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antifumonisin activity of phenolic compounds. A structure?property?activity relationship study","resumen":"Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a Fusarium mycotoxin that has received considerable attention from food regulatory agencies, since it shows immunotoxic, neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and carcinogenic properties in animals. Although several publications have reported that some natural phenolic compounds can cause a reduction in mycotoxin production, little is known about the molecular properties related to their antitoxigenic activities. The objective of this work was to evaluate which of these molecular properties are important in antifumonisin activity, with this being the first structure\u2013activity relationship study concerning the antimyctoxigenic activity of natural phenolic compounds. The results of the experimental determination of the FB1 inhibition capacity for ten natural phenolic compounds revealed thymol, carvacrol, and isoeugenol followed by eugenol to be the most active antifumonisin compounds. Lipophilicity, molar refractivity and saturated area were demonstrated to be the molecular properties or descriptors which best explained the antifumonisin activity of these phenolic compounds. A mathematical expression, obtained by QSAR analysis, was able to predict the antifumonisin activity of other structurally related molecules. These findings could provide an important contribution in the search for new compounds with antifumonisin activity. ","palabras_clave":"Antifumonisin activity |Phenolic compounds"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112775,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fingerprints for Main Varieties of Argentinean Wines: Terroir Differentiation by Inorganic, Organic and Stable Isotopic Analyses Coupled to Chemometrics","resumen":"Our main goal was investigate if robust chemical fingerprints could be developed for three33 Argentinean red wines based on organic, inorganic and isotopic patterns, in relation to theArgentinean red wines based on organic, inorganic and isotopic patterns, in relation to the 34 regional soil composition. Soils and wines from three regions: Mendoza, San Juan andregional soil composition. Soils and wines from three regions: Mendoza, San Juan and 35 C¨®rdoba; and three varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Syrah were collected. TheC¨®rdoba; and three varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Syrah were collected. The 36 phenolic profile was determined by HPLC-MS\/MS; multi-elemental composition by ICPMS;phenolic profile was determined by HPLC-MS\/MS; multi-elemental composition by ICPMS; 87Sr\/86Sr and ¦ÄSr\/86Sr and ¦Ä 13C by TIMS and IRMS, respectively. Chemometrics allowed robust 37 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.C by TIMS and IRMS, respectively. Chemometrics allowed robust 37 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 39 Among phenolic compounds, resveratrol concentration was the most useful marker forAmong phenolic compounds, resveratrol concentration was the most useful marker for 40 wine differentiation, while Mg, K\/Rb, Ca\/Sr and 87Sr\/86Sr were the main inorganic andwine differentiation, while Mg, K\/Rb, Ca\/Sr and 87Sr\/86Sr were the main inorganic and 41 isotopic parameters selected. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) using two studiedisotopic parameters selected. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) using two studied 42 matrixes (wine and soil) shows consensus between them and clear differences betweenmatrixes (wine and soil) shows consensus between them and clear differences between 43 studied areas. Finally, we applied a Canonical Correlation Analysis, demonstratingstudied areas. Finally, we applied a Canonical Correlation Analysis, demonstrating 44 significant correlation (r = 0.99; p &lt; 0.001) between soil and wine composition. To oursignificant correlation (r = 0.99; p &lt; 0.001) between soil and wine composition. To our 45 knowledge this is the first report combining independent variables, constructing aknowledge this is the first report combining independent variables, constructing a 46 fingerprint including elemental composition, isotopic and polyphenol patterns tofingerprint including elemental composition, isotopic and polyphenol patterns to 47 differentiate wines, matching part of this fingerprint with provenance soil.differentiate wines, matching part of this fingerprint with provenance soil.","palabras_clave":"wine fingerprint|elements|isotopic ratio|phenolics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112776,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Management of protein intake in the fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus","resumen":"This work tested if carbohydrates and proteins ingestion is regulated in the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus, to optimize survival and reproduction. Adult food treatments were established by providing sugar and hydrolyzed yeast in various combinations either alone or mixed at a standard 3:1 ratio (sugar:hydrolyzed yeast). Individual food consumption was assessed and related to survival patterns.  The effects of adult feeding on fecundity and fertility patterns were investigated in groups of flies. Sugar consumption was the lowest in the treatment where it was provided with hydrolyzed yeast at a fixed 3:1 ratio. Consumption of hydrolyzed yeast did not differ between this treatment and the one in which this solution was complemented with one solution of sugar. It seems that a mixture of sugar and hydrolyzed yeast at a fixed ratio of 3:1, respectively, restricts extra ingestion of sugar; most probably because of negative response of the fly to overconsumption of protein. Survival was affected by the treatments,  being lower in those cases where protein was at the fixed ratio. Group experiments revealed that protein restriction expanded longevity and decreased egg production. In contrast, egg production was enhanced when flies were kept continuously with a mixture of yeast and sugar plus an extra source of sugar, and this was not in detriment of survival. Our results suggest that fixed sugar-protein ratios in which protein is in excess affects fitness components such as longevity and reproduction. These findings are discussed from a theoretical and applied perspective in the context of pest control by means of the sterile insect technique.","palabras_clave":"protein consumption|individual intake|nutritional balance|survival|compensatory feeding|fecundity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112777,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mechanisms of resistance to Photodynamic Therapy","resumen":"Abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) followed by illumination with visible light,leading to generation of reactive oxygen species. The mechanisms of resistance to PDT ascribed to the PS may be shared with the generalmechanisms of drug resistance, and are related to altered drug uptake and efflux rates or altered intracellular trafficking. As a second step,an increased inactivation of oxygen reactive species is also associated to PDT resistance via antioxidant detoxifying enzymes andactivation of heat shock proteins. Induction of stress response genes also occurs after PDT, resulting in modulation of proliferation, celldetachment and inducing survival pathways among other multiple extracellular signalling events. In addition, an increased repair ofinduced damage to proteins, membranes and occasionally to DNA may happen. PDT-induced tissue hypoxia as a result of vasculardamage and photochemical oxygen consumption may also contribute to the appearance of resistant cells.The structure of the PS is believed to be a key point in the development of resistance, being probably related to its particular subcellularlocalization.Although most of the features have already been described for chemoresistance, in many cases, no cross-resistance between PDT andchemotherapy has been reported. These findings are in line with the enhancement of PDT efficacy by combination with chemotherapy.The study of cross resistance in cells with developed resistance against a particular PS challenged against other PS is also highly complexand comprises different mechanisms.In this review we will classify the different features observed in PDT resistance, leading to a comparison with the mechanisms mostcommonly found in chemo resistant cells.","palabras_clave":"PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY|RESISTANCE|CANCER|CELLS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112778,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Viral diversity of Junín virus field strains","resumen":"The Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever, an endemic disease present in a much of Argentina, is caused by the Junín virus (JUNV). Currently, there are sequences available from several strains of this virus, like those belonging to the vaccine lineage (XJ13, XJ#44 and Candid#1), as well as MC2 (rodent isolate) and IV4454 (human isolate). In this article, we report sequence information on two fragments of genomic segment S of viral isolates from the endemic area. A Nested-RT-PCR was used to amplify discrete genomic regions of 13 isolates of rodent and human origin. The bioinformatics studies revealed a great homogeneity of sequences among the JUNV isolates. The phylogenetic classification showed greater evolutionary distance between the old world arenaviruses (Lassa and LCM virus) than between the new world arenaviruses (JUNV and Machupo virus). ","palabras_clave":"Arenaviridae|Junin virus|Evolutive distance|Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever| RT-Nested-PCR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112779,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Grazing-induced losses of biodiversity affect the transpiration of an arid ecosystem","resumen":"Degradation processes often lead to species loss. Such losses would impact on ecosystem functioning depending on the extinction order and the functional and structural aspects of species. For the Patagonian arid steppe, we used a simulation model to study the effects of species loss on the rate and variability (i.e. stability) of transpiration as a key attribute of ecosystem functioning. We addressed (1)the differences between the overgrazing extinction order and other potential orders, and (2) the role of biomass abundance,biomass distribution, and functional diversity on the effect of species loss due to overgrazing. We considered a community composed of ten species which were assigned an order of extinction due to overgrazing based on their preference by livestock. We performed four model simulations to test for overgrazing effects through different combinations of species loss, and reductions of biomass and functional diversity. In general, transpiration rate and variability were  positively associated to species richness and remained fairly constant until half the species were lost by overgrazing. The extinction order by overgrazing was the most conservative of all possible orders. The amount of biomass was more important than functional diversity in accounting for the impacts of species richness on transpiration. Our results suggest that, to prevent Patagonian steppes from shifting to stable, low-production systems (by overgrazing), maintain-ing community biomass is more important than preserving species richness or species functional diversity.","palabras_clave":"TRANSPIRATION|VARIABILITY|ORDER OF EXTINCTION|GRAZING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112780,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stability of ecosystem functioning and diversity of grasslands at the landscape scale","resumen":"Diversity often increases ecosystem functioning and enhances stability, but this relationship has been evaluated at the community scale and considering, for the most part, only species richness. Here, we explored the relationship between landscape diversity and either the coefficient of variation or the interannual standard deviation of greenness in Pampean grasslands and Patagonian meadows, and tried to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the resulting patterns. The coefficient of variation decreased with increasing landscape richness in Pampas but remained constant in Patagonia, while the interannual standard deviation of greenness decreased in both regions. The diversity?variability relationship in Pampean grasslands was largely accounted for by the mechanism of statistical averaging, while in Patagonian meadows, it was accounted for by a combination of statistical averaging, mean?variance rescaling and positive covariation of landscape units. There were no cases of negative covariance among landscape units. This is the first demonstration that landscape diversity increases stability of ecosystem functioning.","palabras_clave":"RICHNESS|EQUITABILITY|TEMPORAL VARIABILITY|ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING|STATISTICAL AVERAGING|INSURANCE HYPOTHESIS|PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY|EVI|FLOODING PAMPA|PATAGONIAN MEADOW"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112781,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Grass-fed beef production systems of Argentina's flooding pampas: Understanding ecosystem heterogeneity to improve livestock production","resumen":"The homogeneous topography of Argentina´s flooding pampas conceals a substantial amount of spatial and temporal ecosystem heterogeneity. Differences in soils, grassland botanical composition and plant growth regimes that occur down to individual paddocks influence livestock grazing patterns and, predictably, affect the productivity of cattle ranches in the region. Over 40 years of ecological research have greatly improved understanding of the structural and functional heterogeneity of this ecosystem. This better understanding has led to the development of grazing management strategies that help ranchers optimize secondary production by achieving a more efficient use of vegetation. As a result, cattle ranches are rapidly increasing profitability by integrating grass-fed yearling finishing programmes with the traditional cow-calf operations of the region.","palabras_clave":"NATIVE GRASSLAND|STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL HETEROGENEITY|LIVESTOCK GRAZING|RANCHING SYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112782,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impact of grazing on species composition: Adding complexity to a generalized model","resumen":"The impact of grazing widely differs among plant communities. A generalized model published in 1988 proposed that this variation could be accounted for by the interaction between primary productivity and the evolutionary history of grazing. As productivity increased, the model predicted larger changes of species composition. Evolutionary history of grazing interacted with productivity: the changes in low-production systems were smaller if evolutionary history was long, whereas the changes in high-production systems were independent of evolutionary history. In this paper, we focus on: (i) the difficulties of determining the evolutionary history of grazing of a community, and (ii) additional mechanisms, which, as a sequence of filters in the process of community assembly, could be operating across the gradient of primary production. Assigning a given evolutionary history of grazing to a site has been difficult due to the lack of information on the historical population and distribution of herbivores with an adequate spatial and temporal resolution, and the lack of agreement on the size of the relevant evolutionary time window. Regarding the variation through a gradient of primary production, we propose three additional mechanisms coherent with the prediction of the model. First, the regional pool of available species increases with primary production. Second, grazing intensity (consumption as a proportion of above-ground production) also increases with primary production. Third, the strength of interspecific positive biotic interactions that protect plants from herbivores decreases with primary production. We highlight an additional potential mechanism, seed dispersal, whose variation across the gradient of productivity is not yet sufficiently understood. By connecting the logic of environmental filters to explain community assemblage with the original proposition of the generalized model, we suggest a series of research lines that can lead to a better understanding of why different communities respond differently to grazing.","palabras_clave":"COMMUNITY ASSEMBLY|DISTURBANCE|EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY|PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY|SUCCESSION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112783,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Perspectives on Rangeland  Management Education and  Research in Argentina","resumen":"N\/A","palabras_clave":"RANGELANDS|EDUCATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112784,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ASOCIACIONES DE FORAMINÍFEROS BENTÓNICOS EN SECCIONES HOLOCENAS DEL ESTUARIO DE BAHÍA BLANCA (BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA): CARACTERIZACIÓN PALEOAMBIENTAL","resumen":"Se describen los foraminíferos bentónicos provenientes de dos secciones 41 holocenas, Canal Tres Brazas (38º 54´ S-62º 14´ O) y Canal del Medio (38º 49´ S-62º 17´ 42´O), situadas en el estuario de Bahía Blanca, provincia de Buenos Aires. Del análisis&nbsp;micropaleontológico surge que ambas secciones representan ambientes estuarinos intermareales bajos a submareales someros afectados por las variaciones del nivel del mar durante el Holoceno tardío. Dentro de los foraminíferos hialinos la especie que se encuentra dominando ambas secciones es Buccella frigida (Cushman), asociada fundamentalmente a Elphidium gunteri Cole y a otras especies de Elphidium. También están presentes aunque en bajas proporciones Ammonia tepida (Cushman) y Ammonia parkinsoniana (d´Orbigny) junto con bolivinidos como Bolivina striatula Cushman y Bolivina pseudoplicata Heron-Allen &amp; Earland. Dentro de los miliolidos las especies más conspicuas son Miliolinella subrotunda (Montagu) y Quinqueloculina seminulum (Lineé). El perfil Canal del Medio, con una edad aproximada de cal. 3700 años A.P. representa un ambiente estuarino intermareal bajo a submareal somero, donde es posible observar oscilaciones de la energía del ambiente de depositación atribuidas a la acción cíclica de las mareas. Las características de estos depósitos indicarían que la posición media del nivel del mar habría sido similar a la actual a los 3831-3610 años A.P. El perfil Canal Tres Brazas cuya base fue datada en cal. 1589-1371 años A.P. registra una fauna característica de ambientes intermareales a submareales someros que grada a otros con mayor influencia continental sin contenido microfosilífero. ","palabras_clave":"FORAMINIFEROS|HOLOCENO|ESUARIO DE BAHÍA BLANCA|AMBIENTE INTERMAREAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112785,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Morphodynamic characteristics in a tidal inlet: San Blas, Argentina","resumen":"A tidal inlet on the Argentinean coast is studied. An integrated approach of combining detailed bathymetry survey, seabed sampling and tidal current measurements was used to characterize the tidal inlet morphodynamics. A Phase Measuring Bathymetric System (PMBS) \u201CGeoSwath Plus\u201D from GeoAcoustics Ltd. with centimetric precision and a mean swath coverage of 160 m, was used to recognize bedform morphologies and to determine bedform dynamics by comparison of successive surveys . Tidal velocities were recorded during a complete tidal cycle using an ADCP mounted on a ship operating at a frequency of 650 kHz. Maximum tidal currents, of the order of 2 m s&#8722;1, exhibit different patterns across the channel. While maximum ebb currents dominate in the central and southern area of the channel, flood maximum currents dominate on the northern flank. The complex morphology of a dune field in an inlet and the resulting 3-D dune movement mechanism are also presented. In the middle of San Blas channel, a fieldwith symmetrical large dunes (10\u2013100 min spacing) and very large dunes (N100 m in spacing) 4.5 to 5 m in height was found. Dune migration rates were measured by comparing two successive morphological maps of the field, reaching a rate up to 21 m year&#8722;1 toward the ocean. In contrast, the smaller dunes present on the northern border of the field migrate in an inward direction at a rate of 15.7m year&#8722;1.","palabras_clave":"Submarine geomorphology|GeoSwath system|ADCP profiles|Symmetrical dunes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112786,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". A deep rough type structure in Bordetella bronchiseptica lipopolysaccharide modulates host immune responses.","resumen":"We have already obtained the Bordetella bronchiseptica mutant BbLP39,   which contains a deep-rough lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instead the wild   type smooth LPS with O antigen. This mutant was altered in the   expression of some proteins and in its ability to colonize mice lungs.   Particularly, in BbLP39 the expression of pertactin is decreased. To   differentiate the contribution of each bacterial component to the   observed phenotype, here we used mice defective in the LPS sensing   receptor TLR4 (TLR4-defective mice). In contrast to wild-type mice,   infection of TLR4-defective mice with BbLP39 resulted in lung infection,   which persisted for more than 10 days post-challenge. Comparative   analysis of the immune responses induced by purified mutant and wild   type LPSs showed that the mutant LPS induced significantly higher TNF-&#945;   and IL-10 mRNA expression levels than the wild type. UV MALDI TOF mass   spectrometry analysis revealed that both LPSs had the same   penta-acylated lipid A structure. However, the lipid A from BbLP39   contained pyrophosphate instead of phosphate at position 1. This   structural difference, in addition to the lack of O-antigen in BbLP39,   may explain the functional differences between BbLP39 and wild type   strains.","palabras_clave":"BORDETELLA BRONCHISEPTICA|LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE|DEEP ROUGH MUTANT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112787,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Novel Roles of Galectin-1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Adhesion, Polarization and In Vivo Tumor Growth","resumen":"AbstractGalectin-1 (Gal-1), a widely expressed â-galactoside-binding protein, exerts pleiotropic biological functions. Gal-1 is up-regulated in hepatocarcinoma cells, although its role in liver pathophysiology remains uncertain. Here we investigated the effects of Gal-1 on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell adhesion and polarization. Soluble and immobilized recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) promoted HepG2 cell adhesion to uncoated plates and also increased adhesion to laminin. Antibody-mediated blockade experiments revealed the involvement of different integrins as critical mediators of these biological effects. In addition, exposure to rGal-1 markedly accelerated the development of apical bile canaliculi (BC) as shown by TRITC-phalloidin labeling and immunostaining for multidrug resistance associated-protein 2 (MRP2). Notably, rGal-1 did not interfere with multidrug resistance protein 1\/P-glycoprotein (MDR1) or MRP2 apical localization, neither with transfer and secretion of 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA) through MRP2. Stimulation of cell adhesion and polarization by rGal-1 was abrogated in the presence of thiodigalactoside, a galectin-specific sugar, suggesting the involvement of protein-carbohydrate interactions in these effects. Additionally, Gal-1 effects were abrogated in the presence of wortmmanin, PD98059 or H89, suggesting involvement of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) signaling pathways in these functions. Finally, expression levels of this endogenous lectin correlated with HCC cell adhesion and polarization and up-regulation of Gal-1 favored growth of hepatocarcinoma in vivo.Conclusion:Our results provide the first evidence of a role of Gal-1 in modulating HCC cell adhesion, polarization and in vivo tumor growth, with critical implications in liver pathophysiology. (HEPATOLOGY 2011.)","palabras_clave":"BETA-GALACTOSIDE-BINDING LECTIN|HEPG2 CELLS|INTEGRIN|BILE CANALICULI|SIGNALLING PATHWAYS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112788,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Effect of visible light treatments on postharvest senescence of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.).'","resumen":"BACKGROUND: Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) is a rapidly perishablevegetable crop. Several postharvest treatments have been applied in order todelay de-greening. Since light has been shown to have an effect on pigmentaccumulation during development and darkness is known to inducesenescence, the effect of continuous and periodic exposure to low-intensitywhite light at 22 ºC on postharvest senescence of broccoli heads was assayed.RESULTS: Exposure to a constant dose of 12 &#956;molm&#8722;2 s&#8722;1 was selected as themost suitable treatment and was employed for subsequent experiments. Duringthe course of the treatments, hue and L* values as well as chlorophyll contentand visual observation of florets indicated an evident delay in yellowing intreated samples compared with controls. No statistically significant differencesin total protein content were found, but soluble protein content was higher intreated samples. Total and reducing sugar as well as starch levels decreasedduring postharvest senescence, with lower values in control samples.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that storage under continuouslow-intensity light is an efficient and low-cost treatment that delays postharvestsenescence while maintaining the quality of harvested broccoli florets.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"BROCCOLI|POSTHARVEST|SENESCENCE|LIGHT|CHLOROPHYLL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112789,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mitochondrial dysfunction affects chloroplast functions","resumen":"The transcriptomic response of A9:u-ATP9 and apetala3:u-ATP9 lines carrying a mitochondrial dysfunction in flower tissues has been characterized. Both lines showed an alteration in the transcription of several genes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, stress responses, transcription factors and DNA binding proteins. Interestingly, several transcripts of photosynthetic-related genes were also affected in their expression such as the mRNAs encoding for chlorophyllase, chlorophyll binding proteins and a PSII. Moreover, chlorophyll levels were reduced and the Mg-dechelatase activity was increased, indicating an alteration in chlorophyll metabolism. Our results suggest that the mitochondrial dysfunction may also affect chloroplastic functions, and that our model could be useful to uncover retrograde signaling mechanisms operating between the three different plant genomes.","palabras_clave":"MITOCHONDRIA|CHLOROPLASTS|MITOCONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION|ARABIDOPSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112790,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Carbon Metabolism and Gene Expression in Flower Tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana","resumen":"We characterized the transcriptomic response of transgenic plants carrying a mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the expression of the unedited form of the ATP synthase subunit 9. The u-ATP9 transgene driven by A9 and APETALA3 promoters induce mitochondrial dysfunction revealed by a decrease in both oxygen uptake and adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP) levels without changes in the ATP\/ADP ratio. Furthermore, we measured an increase in ROS accumulation and a decrease in glutathione and ascorbate levels with a concomitant oxidative stress response. The&nbsp; transcriptome analysis of young Arabidopsis flowers, validated by qRT?PCR and enzymatic or functional tests, showed dramatic changes in u-ATP9 plants. Both lines display a modification in the expression of various genes involved in carbon, lipid, and cell wall metabolism, suggesting that an important metabolic readjustment occurs in plants with a mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, transcript levels involved in mitochondrial respiration, protein synthesis, and degradation are affected. Moreover, the levels of several mRNAs encoding for transcription factors and DNA binding proteins were also changed. Some of them are involved in stress and hormone responses, suggesting that several signaling pathways overlap. Indeed, the transcriptome data revealed that the mitochondrial dysfunction dramatically alters the expression of genes involved in signaling pathways, including those related to ethylene, absicic acid, and auxin signal transduction. Our data suggest that the mitochondrial dysfunction model used in this report may be useful to uncover the retrograde signaling mechanism between the nucleus and mitochondria in plant cells.","palabras_clave":"ELECTRON TRANSPORT|TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS|ARABIDOPSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112791,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New chelid turtles of the lower section of the Cerro Barcino formation (Aptian-Albian?), Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"A new chelid species (Prochelidella cerrobarcinae nov. sp.) are described from the Aptian-Albian? PuestoLa Paloma Member, Cerro Barcino Formation, northern of Chubut Province, Argentina. The basal sectionof this member, which bears the turtle remains, is composed of tuffaceous mudstones with plane parallellamination, asymmetrical ripples and a chert intercalation suggesting sub-aqueous deposition in a relativelyshallow lacustrine environment. Pr. cerrobarcinae nov. sp. is represented by post-cranial remains ofseveral specimens that not only represents the oldest pleurodiran chelid record in the world but,together with the chelid remains of Albian Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, Australia, indicates thatchelid diversification began well before the final fragmentation of southern Gondwana.","palabras_clave":"Gondwana|Prochelidella|anatomy|Chelidae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112792,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Re-description and evolutionary remarks on the Patagonian horned turtle Niolamia argentina Ameghino, 1899 (Testudinata, Meiolaniidae)","resumen":"The main objective of this paper is to undertake a detailed re-description of the neotype (skull and lower jaw)and the referred material (postcranial remains) of Niolamia argentina. Additional preparation of this material has revealed previously unrecognized details of the cranial and postcranial skeleton, including the recognition of additional cranial scales,bone sutures, and foramina, the presence of a distinct ornamentation on the skull roof, and the identification of several newinner skull structures. Importantly, the additional preparation shows detailed carotid artery anatomy: the entrance of thecarotid artery lies posterior to the pterygoids, runs anteriorly and bifurcates into the cerebral and palatine arteries within thebasisphenoid, and is not covered ventrally by the pterygoids. In addition, the pterygoids are placed in a ventral position withrespect to the basisphenoid and an intrapterygoid slit, a character diagnostic of Meiolaniidae, is present.We corroborate thatpreviously unrecognized details of the cranial and postcranial skeleton, including the recognition of additional cranial scales,bone sutures, and foramina, the presence of a distinct ornamentation on the skull roof, and the identification of several newinner skull structures. Importantly, the additional preparation shows detailed carotid artery anatomy: the entrance of thecarotid artery lies posterior to the pterygoids, runs anteriorly and bifurcates into the cerebral and palatine arteries within thebasisphenoid, and is not covered ventrally by the pterygoids. In addition, the pterygoids are placed in a ventral position withrespect to the basisphenoid and an intrapterygoid slit, a character diagnostic of Meiolaniidae, is present.We corroborate thatpreviously unrecognized details of the cranial and postcranial skeleton, including the recognition of additional cranial scales,bone sutures, and foramina, the presence of a distinct ornamentation on the skull roof, and the identification of several newinner skull structures. Importantly, the additional preparation shows detailed carotid artery anatomy: the entrance of thecarotid artery lies posterior to the pterygoids, runs anteriorly and bifurcates into the cerebral and palatine arteries within thebasisphenoid, and is not covered ventrally by the pterygoids. In addition, the pterygoids are placed in a ventral position withrespect to the basisphenoid and an intrapterygoid slit, a character diagnostic of Meiolaniidae, is present.We corroborate thatpreviously unrecognized details of the cranial and postcranial skeleton, including the recognition of additional cranial scales,bone sutures, and foramina, the presence of a distinct ornamentation on the skull roof, and the identification of several newinner skull structures. Importantly, the additional preparation shows detailed carotid artery anatomy: the entrance of thecarotid artery lies posterior to the pterygoids, runs anteriorly and bifurcates into the cerebral and palatine arteries within thebasisphenoid, and is not covered ventrally by the pterygoids. In addition, the pterygoids are placed in a ventral position withrespect to the basisphenoid and an intrapterygoid slit, a character diagnostic of Meiolaniidae, is present.We corroborate thatNiolamia argentina. Additional preparation of this material has revealed previously unrecognized details of the cranial and postcranial skeleton, including the recognition of additional cranial scales,bone sutures, and foramina, the presence of a distinct ornamentation on the skull roof, and the identification of several newinner skull structures. Importantly, the additional preparation shows detailed carotid artery anatomy: the entrance of thecarotid artery lies posterior to the pterygoids, runs anteriorly and bifurcates into the cerebral and palatine arteries within thebasisphenoid, and is not covered ventrally by the pterygoids. In addition, the pterygoids are placed in a ventral position withrespect to the basisphenoid and an intrapterygoid slit, a character diagnostic of Meiolaniidae, is present.We corroborate thatCrossochelys corniger is a junior synonymofNio. argentina. Following our preferred phylogenetic hypothesis, SouthAmerican and Australian taxa related to or belonging to Meiolaniidae and Mongolochelys efremovi from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.and Australian taxa related to or belonging to Meiolaniidae and Mongolochelys efremovi from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.and Australian taxa related to or belonging to Meiolaniidae and Mongolochelys efremovi from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.and Australian taxa related to or belonging to Meiolaniidae and Mongolochelys efremovi from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.is a junior synonymofNio. argentina. Following our preferred phylogenetic hypothesis, SouthAmerican and Australian taxa related to or belonging to Meiolaniidae and Mongolochelys efremovi from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.Mongolochelys efremovi from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia form a monophyletic group, implying that the origin and diversification of this lineage predated the complete breakup of Pangea in the Early to Middle Jurassic. The presence of a ghost lineage between this clade and Cryptodira, extendingfrom the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, supports this assessment.","palabras_clave":"Testudinata|Meiolaniidae|Niolamia argentina|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112793,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new turtle from the La Colonia Formation (Campanian- Maastrichtian), Patagonia, Argentina, with remarks on the evolution of the vertebral column in turtles","resumen":"Patagoniaemys gasparinae gen. et sp. nov. is a new stem-turtle found in Central Patagonia, Chubut Province, Argentina in outcrops of the La Colonia Formation (Campanian\u2013Maastrichtian). This is a turtle of relatively large size (carapace length approximately 70 cm) and the preserved remains of the holotype consist of skull fragments and several postcranial elements including a nearly complete vertebral column. A phylogenetic analysis shows Patagoniaemys gasparinae gen. et sp. nov. forming a monophyletic group with Otwayemys cunicularius and Mongolochelys efremovi, as a sister group to Meiolaniidae. A comprehensive review suggests that formed cervical vertebrae appeared independently several times during turtle evolution: in the clade that includes Patagoniaemys gasparinae gen. et sp. nov. and Meiolaniidae, in some baenids, in the total group Pleurodira and in crown group Cryptodira. Likewise, formed caudal vertebrae appeared several times in turtle evolution.","palabras_clave":"Testudinata|Upper Cretaceous|Patagoniaemys gasparinae|Phylogeny"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112794,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biochemical changes in the transition from vitellogenesis to follicular atresia in the  hematophagous Dipetalogaster maxima (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).","resumen":"In this work, we have explored the biochemical changes characterizing the transition from3 vitellogenesis to follicular atresia, employing the hematophagous insect vector4 Dipetalogaster maxima as a model. Standardized insect rearing conditions were established5 to induce a gradual follicular degeneration stage by depriving females of blood meal during6 post-vitellogenesis. For the studies, hemolymph and ovaries were sampled at representative7 days of pre-vitellogenesis, vitellogenesis and early and late follicular atresia. When examined8 by scanning electron microscopy, ovarioles at the initial stage of atresia were small but still9 showed some degree of asynchronism, a feature that was lost in an advanced degeneration10 state. At late follicular atresia, in vivo uptake assays of fluorescently labeled vitellogenin (Vg-11 FITC) showed loss of competitiveness of oocytes to uptake vitellogenin. Circulating12 vitellogenin levels in atresia were significantly higher than those registered at pre13vitellogenesis, most likely to maintain appropriate conditions for another gonotrophic cycle if14 a second blood meal is available. Follicular atresia was also characterized by partial15 proteolysis of vitellin, which was evidenced in ovarian homogenates by western blot. When16 the activity of ovarian peptidases upon hemoglobin (a non-specific substrate) was tested,17 higher activities were detected at early and late atresia whereas the lowest activity was found18 at vitellogenesis. The activity upon hemoglobin was significantly inhibited by pepstatin A (an19 aspartic peptidase inhibitor), and was not affected by E64 (a cysteine peptidase inhibitor) at20 any tested conditions. The use of specific fluorogenic substrates demonstrated that ovarian21 homogenates at early follicular atresia displayed high cathepsin D-like activity, whereas no22 activity of either, cathepsin B or L was detected. Mass spectrometry analysis of the digestion23 products of the substrate Abz-AIAFFSRQ-EDDnp further confirmed the presence of a24 cathepsin D-like peptidase in ovarian tissue. In the context of our findings, the early","palabras_clave":"triatominae|follicular atresia|vitellogenesis|cathepsin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112795,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Cotton leafroll dwarf virus, agente causal de la enfermedad azul del algodón","resumen":"El algodón es un cultivo regional clave en el NEA. La \u201Cenfermedad azul\u201D del algodón fue reportada en la Argentina durante la campaña agrícola 1982\/83; actualmente es la principal enfermedad viral del algodón y causa importantes pérdidas en el cultivo si no se implementan medidas adecuadas de control. La enfermedad es producida por el Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) y el virus es transmitido en forma persistente, circulativa y no-propagativa por el pulgón del algodón Aphid gossypii Glover, no siendo posible su transmisión mecánica. Los síntomas característicos de la enfermedad son enanismo, enrollamiento de las hojas con textura coriácea y coloración verde oscura-azulada. El genoma del CLRDV fue recientemente secuenciado por nuestro grupo confirmando que el virus debe clasificarse como una nueva especie dentro del género Polerovirus (familia Luteoviridae). El CLRDV posee un genoma de RNA de simple cadena (ssRNA) positiva de 5,866 kb. Los viriones son icosahédricos, de aproximadamente 25 nm de diámetro, limitados al floema de su planta huésped. ","palabras_clave":"Enfermedad azul|Cotton leafroll dwarf virus|Polerovirus|Algodón"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112796,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Recognizing the child in Child Poverty","resumen":"In the past few decades, a particular need for a  child-centered perspective has emerged, based on evidence that children are  more susceptible to environmental and social risks, and that they have  different needs than adults do. This article examines issues affecting children  in existing measurements and presents conceptual considerations for future work  toward defining and measuring child poverty. Current definitions and measures  of poverty are generally circumscribed to levels of income, satisfaction of  basic needs, and issues of basic human rights; in a few cases, some well-being  measures include child health, nutrition, and education. These limitations  likely impede the chances that researchers will be able to capture and  understand the effects of other important aspects of this phenomenon. Measures  need to address the diversity of issues and dimensions that current child  developmental frameworks define as the most important. A broader approach to  definition and measurement that includes these developmental issues would not  only affect the way we understand poverty but also inform the design of future research,  social programs, and policies.","palabras_clave":"CHILD POVERTY|CHILD DEVELOPMENT|SOCIAL DETERMINANTS|POVERTY MEASURES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112797,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermal parameters changes in males of Rhinella arenarum (Anura:Bufonidae) related to reproductive periods","resumen":"Abstract: The regulation of body temperature in ectotherms has a major impact in their physiological and behavioral processes. Observing changes in thermal parameters related with reproduction allows us to better understand how Rhinella arenarum optimizes a thermal resource. The aim of this study was to compare the termal parameters of this species between breeding and non-breeding periods. In the field, we recorded the body temperature from captured animals, the air temperature, and the temperature of the substrate. In the laboratory, we measured the temperature R. arenarum selected on a thermal gradient and the critical extreme temperatures.  The results of our study show variations in thermal parameters between the two situations studied. This species makes efficient use of thermal resources during the breeding period by basking to significantly increase body temperature. Because calling is energetically costly for males, this behavior results in increased efficiency to callers during the breeding period.","palabras_clave":"Reproducción|Temperatura|Rhinella arenarum|Anura"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112798,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal changes in the thermoregulatory strategies of Rhinella arenarum in the Monte desert, Argentina","resumen":"Wedetermined and compared the efficiency of thermoregulation of Rhinella arenarumin the Monte desert (Argentina) in two seasons, dry and wet. In the field, we measured body temperatures, micro-habitat temperatures and operative temperatures; while in the laboratory; we measured the selected body temperatures. Our results show a change in the thermoregulatory strategy of R. arenarumthat is related to environmental constraints on their thermal niche. R. arenarum has the ability to be plastic and combine two strategies: (i) a moderate thermoregulator in the wet season, where thermal resources are available such that body temperature is maintained within the set points and physiologicial and behavioral processes are optimized; and (ii) a thermoconformer in the dry season where the thermal environment is more homogeneous and there is greater time invested in searching for food.","palabras_clave":"temperatura|Anura|termorregulación|cambios estacionales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112799,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Change in the thermal biology of tadpoles of Odontophrynus occidentalis from the Monte desert, Argentina: Responses to photoperiod","resumen":"We determined if the photoperiod regime affects the thermal biology of the tadpoles of Odontophrynus occidentalis from the Monte desert (Argentina). Variables measured were: selected body temperatura (Tsel), critical thermal maximum (CTmax) and thermal critical minimum (CTmin). The tadpoles were acclimated to 1572 1C for 15 days, and they were divided in three experimental groups: 24 h light, 24 h dark and 12 h\/12 h light\/dark. Data indicate that the photoperiod had an important effect upon the thermal biology of the Odontophrynus occidentalis tadpoles. The treatment group exposed to 24 h of light showed the highest selected temperature and thermal extremes. We suggest that changes in photoperiod may allow these organisms to anticipate the future changes in their thermal environment, as longer days usually involve higher temperatures.","palabras_clave":"Larvas|Anura|Odontophrynus occidentalis|Temperatura"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112800,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new record for American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in San Juan, Argentina","resumen":"We report a new record of Lithobates catesbeianus (American bullfrog) from Argentina. L. catesbeianus was first introduced to San Juan Province 11 years ago in Calingasta Department, where the habitat is pre-cordilleran. The new record is for Zonda Department, San Juan Province, in the Monte desert region. Here, L. catesbeianus uses artificial ponds for reproduction and tadpole development. These ponds receive water from an irrigation system that connects the whole agriculture land in the region. The tadpoles use the irrigation canals to move among ponds. We suggest that legislation should be established to prevent future invasions and to achieve sustainable management of the wild American bullfrog populations in San Juan. Prevention of future invasion and management of established populations of this species requires the cooperation of numerous stake holders.","palabras_clave":"Especie Exotica|Rana Toro|Nuevo Registro|San Juan"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112801,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"UVB Photoprotective Role of Mycosporines in Yeast: Photostability and Antioxidant Activity of Mycosporine-Glutaminol-Glucoside","resumen":"Several yeast species are able to synthesize and accumulate UV-radiation-absorbing mycosporine metabolites that are of unclear physiological function. In this work we analyzed the relationship between mycosporine-glutaminol glucoside (MGG) production, cell survival after UVB irradiation, and formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). We also assessed the photostability and singlet oxygen quenching activity of MGG. A set of nine isolates of the basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus steppossus cultured in both dark and light conditions was used for the studies. Survival of the UVB-irradiated isolates and MGG concentration had a linear relationship when the concentration was over 2.5 mg g(-1). CPD accumulation and MGG accumulation were inversely related. MGG in aqueous solution was photostable with a photodecomposition quantum yield of 1.16 × 10(-5). MGG quenching of singlet oxygen was also observed, and the rate constant for the process in D(2)O was 5.9 × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1). Our results support the idea that MGG plays an important role as a UVB photoprotective metabolite in yeasts by protecting against direct damage on DNA and probably against indirect damage by singlet oxygen quenching.","palabras_clave":"MAAs|MGG|CPDs|Yeast"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112803,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Yeasts from an oligotrophic lake in Patagonia (Argentina): diversity, distribution and synthesis of photo-protective compounds and extracellular enzymes","resumen":"Nahuel Huapi (NH) Lake is an oligotrophic temperate lake of glacial origin with high transparency, surrounded by well-developed forests and located at San Carlos de Bariloche, Nahuel Huapi National Park, in Patagonia, Argentina. In this lake, we characterized yeast distribution and diversity along a south-to-north transect and established a relationship between the ability to produce photoprotective compounds (PPCs) (carotenoid pigments and mycosporines) and the occurrence of  yeast at different collection points. Subsurface water samples were filtered for yeast isolation. Total yeast counts ranged between 22 and 141 CFU L1, and the highest values corresponded to the most impacted sites. Littoral sites had a low proportion of yeast-producing PPCs and this group prevailed in pelagic sites. This is probably a result of the high transparency of the water and the increased UV exposure. The yeast community from NH Lake showed a high species richness and a uniform distribution of taxa between pelagic and border collection points. Yeasts were identified as belonging to 14 genera and 34 species. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cryptococcus victoriae were the most frequently found species, representing 14.4% and 13.6% of the total yeast isolates, respectively. Most of the yeast isolates demonstrated at least one extracellular enzymatic activity (mainly cellulase and lipase activities), which suggested that these microorganisms are metabolically active in the lake.","palabras_clave":"yeasts diversity|oligotrophic lake|carotenoids|mycosporines|extracellular enzymes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112804,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The diversity extracellular enzymatic activities and photoprotective compounds of yeasts isolated in Antarctica","resumen":"The diversity of yeasts collected from different sites in Antarctica (Admiralty Bay, King George Island and Port Foster Bay and Deception Island) and their ability to produce extracellular enzymes and mycosporines were studied. Samples were collected during the austral summer season, between November 2006 and January 2007, from the rhizosphere of Deschampsia antarctica, ornithogenic (penguin guano) soil, soil, marine and lake sediments, marine water and freshwater from lakes. A total of 89 isolates belonging to the following genera were recovered: Bensingtonia, Candida, Cryptococcus, Debaryomyces, Dioszegia, Exophiala, Filobasidium, Issatchenkia (Pichia), Kodamaea, Leucosporidium, Leucosporidiella, Metschnikowia, Nadsonia, Pichia, Rhodotorula, and Sporidiobolus, and the yeast-like fungi Aureobasidium, Leuconeurospora and Microglossum. Cryptococcus victoriae was the most frequently identified species. Several species isolated in our study have been previously reported to be Antarctic psychophilic yeasts, including Cr. antarcticus, Cr. victoriae, Dioszegia hungarica and Leucosporidium scottii. The cosmopolitan yeast species A. pullulans, C. zeylanoides, D. hansenii, I. orientalis, K. ohmeri, P. guilliermondii, Rh. mucilaginosa, and S. salmonicolor were also isolated. Five possible new species were identified. Sixty percent of the yeasts had at least one detectable extracellular enzymatic activity. Cryptococcus antarcticus, D. aurantiaca, D. crocea, D. hungarica, Dioszegia sp., E. xenobiotica, Rh. glaciales, Rh. laryngis, Microglossum sp. 1 and Microglossum sp. 2 produced mycosporines. Of the yeast isolates, 41.7% produced pigments and\/or mycosporines and could be considered adapted to survive in Antarctica. Most of the yeasts had extracellular enzymatic activities at 4ºC and 20ºC, indicating that they could be metabolically active in the sampled substrates.","palabras_clave":"yeasts|Antarctica|diversity|extracellular enzymes|mycosporines"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112805,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylogenetic distribution of fungal mycosporines within the Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota)","resumen":"The synthesis of the UV Absorbing compounds named mycosporines (MYCs) hasbeen detected in a few basidiomycetous yeast groups. Conspicuous accumulation of mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside (MGG) in yeasts requires photo-induction and its photoprotective function has been postulated. The distribution of the ability to produce MYCs appeared to be related to the yeast taxonomic affiliation. In view of the potential significance of MYCs in yeast taxonomy, we here studied the distribution of this trait among dimorphic basidiomycetes of the Pucciniomycotina. Of the 94 fungal species (377 strains and 33 genera) tested, almost half were MYC-positive and MGG was the main compound produced. MGG synthesis was observed for representatives of five of seven Pucciniomycotina classes, indicating that this trait is widely distributed in this group. MGG detection proved useful for the differentiation of species of the polyphyletic genera, such as Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces, that are phylogenetically separated. MGG quantification and UV tolerance studies in Cystobasidiomycetes supported the idea that the habitat of origin of each strains is important in the level of MGG synthesis and that MYCs have a photoprotective function in yeasts. The taxonomic value of this trait in fungal systematics is discussed.","palabras_clave":"yeast|mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside|taxonomy|phylogenetic genera|photoprotection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112806,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Production of the UVB-absorbing compound mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Phaffia rhodozyma)","resumen":"The ability of the basidiomycetous yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Phaffia rhodozyma) to accumulate astaxanthin is responsible for the industrial use of this yeast as a microbial source of pigments for aquaculture. It is also hypothesized that astaxanthin accounts for its ability to thrive in highly oxidative and UV-exposed habitats. Here, we assessed the ability of this species to synthesize UV-absorbing compounds generally known as mycosporines, evaluated the effect of culture media in the production of these compounds and compared its UV growth resistance and tolerance with other yeasts. The 48 wild and collection strains screened were positive for mycosporines and a unique compound identified as mycosporine\u2013glutaminol\u2013glucoside (MGG) was detected. Thus, the ability of X. dendrorhous to produce MGG, as described here for the first time, is so far unique among the Cystofilobasidiales. The compound was synthesized constitutively, although growth under visible light and, to a greater extent, UVA radiation stimulated its production. Strains from UV-exposed habitats produced larger quantities and oligotrophic complex media seemed to favor MGG accumulation. UV tolerance and survival of X. dendrorhous was high and comparable to that of the polyextremophilic Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The taxonomical and ecological implications of the production of MGG by X. dendrorhous are discussed.","palabras_clave":"astaxanthin|mycosporines|yeast|UV radiation|photoprotection|taxonomy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112807,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Recombinant MVA expressing secreted glycoprotein D of  BoHV-1 induces systemic and mucosal immunity in animal models","resumen":"Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) infection is distributed worldwide and the development of new tools to fight against this pathogen becomes extremely important. In this work a recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing the secreted version of glycoprotein D, MVA-gDs, was obtained and evaluated as a candidate vaccine. Firstly, the correct expression, antigenicity and N-glycosilation of glycoprotein D were confirmed by molecular techniques. Then, MVA-gDs was used as parenteral immunogen in BALB\/c mice where a specific anti-gD humoral immune response was induced and maintained for seven months. Besides, two doses of MVA-gDs supplemented with cholera toxin delivered by intranasal immunization induced IgA anti-gD humoral immune responses in nasal and bronchiopulmonar washes as well as IgG anti-gD antibodies in serum samples. In order to evaluate the protection conferred by MVA-gDs immunization, a rabbit BoHV-1 challenge assay was performed. A shorter viral excretion period and a reduction on the number of animals shedding BoHV-1 was observed in the group immunized with recombinant MVA-gDs. In conclusion our data encourage further studies to evaluate MVA-gDs, alone or combined with other immunogens, as a candidate vaccine for BoHV-1.","palabras_clave":"MVA|vaccine|bovine herpesvirus 1|glycoprotein D"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112808,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of nutrient enrichment and crab herbivory on a SW Atlantic salt marsh productivity","resumen":"After intense debate it isnowaccepted thatnutrients (a bottom-up process) and herbivores (a top-down process) are both important controls of plant productivity in many systems. Besides their direct effects, herbivores may also have profound positive or negative indirect effects that can be modulated by nutrients and time. The interactive relationships between time, nutrient availability and herbivore impacts (direct and indirect) on plant growth dynamics are an emerging research topic thatmerits further effort. Herewe did several experiments in a SWAtlanticmarsh to contribute towards that gap by focusing on the dominant plant, Spartina densiflora, and one of the dominant herbivores, the crab Neohelice (Chasmagnathus) granulata, in the marsh. Herbivory by the crab was highly seasonal, with most of the consumption occurring in fall. Even though crabs preferred nutrient enriched leaves, nitrogen content was not the driver of these seasonal variations. Crab herbivory had markedly indirect negative impacts on S. densiflora leaves, reducing their growth rates and increasing their senescence. These deleterious impactsmay partially explain the seasonal decline in leaf growth and a net loss in leaf biomass observed in the fall. Fertilization did not seemto alter these processes. Adding nutrients increased leaf growth in the spring, where ambient herbivory was low, but it also increased herbivory in the fall, resulting in similar patterns as the ones observed under non-fertilized conditions. Herbivory by the crab also greatly affected the dynamics of S. densiflora stems. Increases in stem density in relation to initial conditions were larger in non- grazed than in grazed plots regardless of whether nutrients were added or not. Together, these results indicate that, in Southwestern marshes populated by S. densiflora and N. granulata, herbivory by the crab represents an important direct and indirect control of plant growth. Our results also emphasize the importance of considering impacts on growth rates and not only on biomass because not considering reduced growth after herbivory may lead to improper calculations of nutrient cycling or detritus production.","palabras_clave":"CRAB HERBIVORY|LEAF GROWTH DYNAMICS|NEOHELICE GRANULATA|NITROGEN ADDITION|SPARTINA DENSIFLORA|SW ATLANTIC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112809,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of the US3 protein of bovine herpesvirus 5 on the actin cytoskeleton and apoptosis","resumen":"The US3 protein is a unique protein kinase only present in the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily of the herpesviruses. Studies performed with several alphaherpesviruses demonstrated that the US3 protein is involved in cytoskeleton modifications during viral infection and displays anti-apoptotic activity. However, the US3 protein of BoHV-5 has not been studied up to now. As reported for other alphaherpesviruses, our results showed that BoHV-5 US3 confers resistance against apoptosis and induces cytoskeletal reorganization leading to cell rounding, actin stress fiber breakdown and cell projections that interconnect cells. The expression of a kinase-dead version of BoHV-5 US3 showed that the anti-apoptotic activity and the induction of cell projections are kinase-dependent whereas kinase activity is not absolutely required for actin stress fiber breakdown. Besides, the kinase-dead version of US3, but not the wild type protein, was found excluded from the nucleus. These results constitute the first report on the BoHV-5 US3 functions, and highlight that there are functional differences and similarities among US3 proteins of different alphaherpesviruses.","palabras_clave":"US3 PROTEIN|BOVINE HERPESVIRUS 5|CYTOSKELETON|APOPTOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112810,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of a novel set of Gateway-compatible vectors for live imaging in insect cells","resumen":"Insect genomics is a growing area of research. To exploit fully the genomic data that are being generated, high-throughput systems for the functional characterization of insect proteins and their interactomes are required. In this work, a Gateway-compatible vector set for expression of fluorescent fusion proteins in insect cells was developed. The vector set was designed to express a protein of interest fused to any of four different fluorescent proteins [green fluorescent protein (GFP), cyan fluorescent protein (CFP), yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and mCherry] by either the C-terminal or the N-terminal ends. Additionally, a collection of organelle-specific fluorescent markers was assembled for colocalization with fluorescent recombinant proteins of interest. Moreover, the vector set was proven to be suitable for simultaneously detecting up to three proteins by multiple labelling. The use of the vector set was exemplified by defining the subcellular distribution of Mal de Río Cuarto virus (MRCV) outer coat protein P10 and by analysing the in vivo self-interaction of the MRCV viroplasm matrix protein P9-1 in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments. In conclusion, we have developed a valuable tool for high throughput studies of protein subcellular localization that will aid in the elucidation of the function of newly described insect and virus proteins.","palabras_clave":"live imaging|gateway|insect|protein subcellular localization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112811,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Extended phylogeny of the equine arteritis virus sequences including South American sequences.","resumen":"Objective: To perform genetic analysis of the ORF5 of equine arteritis virus (EAV) may provide new insights into the genetic evolution and origin of the Argentinean EAV sequences. Methods: A total of 76 sequences were analyzed by neighbor joining (NJ), maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood algorithms. The analysis of the selective pressures was performed using the Tajima?s test. Results: The trees showed similar topologies. Two clades were identified: the first clade was formed by strains isolated mainly from a donkey, whereas the second clade presented four large groups from different geographic regions exclusively from Equus caballus. In this clade, we identified a group formed by South African and another one by South American and European sequences. In the latter, the monophyletic group was formed by seven Argentinean sequences. In the NJ tree, we identified a group formed by six Argentinean sequences. The Tajima?s test showed a D value of 1.73663, indicating that the sequences analyzed follow a neutral evolution model. Conclusion: We concluded that the Argentinean sequences have a paraphyletic origin and that the fixation of point mutation might follow the neutral model evolution; however, we identified purifying pressures that may be involved in the differentiation of the EAV sequences.","palabras_clave":"EQUINE ARTERITIS ARGENTINA| EQUINE ARTERITIS VIRUS|PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS| SOUTH AMERICAN EQUINE ARTERITIS VIRUS SEQUENCES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112812,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Eca20 microsatellite polymorphisms in Equine Viral Arteritis infected horses from Argentina","resumen":"We investigated the association of equine arteritis virus (EAV) infection and three short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms located within or in close proximity to equine lymphocyte antigen (ELA) region. We used a case\u2013control design as a first approach before proceeding to select candidate genes. One hundred and sixty-five Silla Argentino horses were taken in 2002 from positive serological detections of EAV in Argentina, to determine whether STR genotypes were correlated to genetic susceptibility to EVA. Allele frequency distribution did not show significant differences between both groups (P = 0.0781). However, in particular alleles, Fisher exact test and odds ratio calculations showed significant values &gt;1 for TKY08 and LEX52, and &lt;1 for UM011, TKY08, LEX52 and VHL20. Interestingly, TKY08 STR is located in ELA class I region. ","palabras_clave":"EQUINE LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN|EQUINE VIRAL ARTERITIS|GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY|MICROSATELLITE|POLYMORPHISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112813,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylogenetic analysis of Suid Herpesvirus 1 isolates from Argentina","resumen":"Argentinean Suid Herpesvirus 1 isolates were compared with reference strains andsequences available at GenBank and phylogenetically analyzed. A short fragment of the gEgene of the immunodominant epitopes was used for preliminary grouping of isolates byphylogenetic analysis. The analysis of the partial gC gene provided more precise genetictyping and segregation into the main genotypes I and II. Results confirmed that theArgentinean genotype I isolates predominate in our country. The topology of the partial gCgene was similar to that previously reported. The Argentinean type I isolates belonged toone cluster and grouped together with NIA-3 and American and Brazilian genotype Istrains. However, the results obtained by the algorithms allow inferring that the YamagataS-81 and Mer (genotype II) strains are grouped together.","palabras_clave":"Suid Herpesvirus 1|Glycoprotein E|Glycoprotein C|Phylogenetic analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112814,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A differential ELISA based on recombinant immunodominant epitopes of the gE gene of SHV-1 in a baculovirus-insect cell system to discriminate between pigs infected naturally with pseudorabies and vaccinated pigs","resumen":"In the present study, the fragment corresponding to the immunodominant epitopes of the gE gene (gEpi) from the CL15 Argentinean strain of pseudorabies virus was expressed successfully in a baculovirus\u2013insect cell system that contained the M6 gene of Bluetongue virus, which encodes the NS1 nonstructural protein. This protein has the ability to polymerize into highly immunogenic tubules inside infected cells that can be purified at large quantities by ultracentrifugation. Previously, the NS1 protein has been expressed by fusing it to sequences derived from viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1, hepatitis B virus, bovine leukemia virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and influenza A virus. In the present study, a recombinant protein was obtained containing the gEpi fused to NS1 (NS1-gEpi) and used it as ELISA antigen for detection of anti-gE antibodies in order to discriminate between infected and vaccinated animals. This is the first report where gEpi was expressed in this particular baculovirus\u2013insect cell system.","palabras_clave":"SHV-1|Immunodominant epitopes|glycoprotein E|baculovirus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112815,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Symbiotic association between soybean plants and Bradyrhizobium japonicum develops oxidative stress and heme oxygenase-1 induction at early stages","resumen":"We have previously demonstrated that the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (EC 1.14.99.3) plays aprotective role against oxidative stress in leaves and nodules of soybean plants subjected to cadmium,UV-B radiation, and salt stress. Here, we investigated HO-1, localization and their relationship withoxidative stress in different growth stages of soybean plants roots inoculated with Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum (3, 5, 7, 10, and 20 days post-inoculation) and nodules.After 7 days of inoculation, we observed a 70% increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances thatcorrelates with an enhancement in the gene expression of HO-1, catalase, and superoxide dismutase.Furthermore, the inhibition of HO-1 activity by Zn-protoporphyrin IX produced an increase in lipidperoxidation and a decrease in glutathione content suggesting that, in this symbiotic process, HO-1 mayact as a signal molecule that protects the root against oxidative stress.We determined, for the first time, the tissular localization of HO-1 in nodules by electron-microscopeexamination. These results undoubtedly demonstrated that this enzyme is localized only in the plant tissueand its overexpression may play an important role as antioxidant defense in the plant. Moreover, wedemonstrate that, in roots, HO-1 is induced by oxidative stress produced by inoculation of B. japonicumand exerts an antioxidant response against it.","palabras_clave":"SOYBEAN|BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM|HEME OXYGENASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112816,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Water level variation as the main driver of the alternation between a free-floating plant and a phytoplankton dominated state: a long term study in a floodplain lake","resumen":"        This 10-year field data study explores the relevance        of water level fluctuations in driving the shift from a        free-floating plant (FFP) to a phytoplankton dominated state        in a shallow floodplain lake from the Lower Parana´ River.        The multi-year natural flood pulse pattern in the Lower Parana        ´ River drove the ecosystem regime from a FFP-dominant        state during very high waters (1998\u20131999) to absolute phytoplankton        prevalence with blooms of nitrogen fixing        Cyanobacteria during extreme low waters (2008\u20132009).        Satellite images support the observed changes over the        decade and show the decrease of the surface lake area covered        by FFP as well as the modification of the spectral firm in        open waters, which documents the significant increases in        phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations. We discuss the         possibility that, despite a slow eutrophication in these highly        vegetated systems, water level changes and not nutrients        account for the shift from a floating macrophyte community        to phytoplankton dominance. Cyclic shifts may occur in        response to the seasonal floodpulse, but more strongly, as        indicated by our results, in association to the extreme drought        and flood events related to the El Nin˜o Southern Oscillation,        which is linked to discharge anomalies in the Parana´ River.              possibility that, despite a slow eutrophication in these highly        vegetated systems, water level changes and not nutrients        account for the shift from a floating macrophyte community        to phytoplankton dominance. Cyclic shifts may occur in        response to the seasonal floodpulse, but more strongly, as        indicated by our results, in association to the extreme drought        and flood events related to the El Nin˜o Southern Oscillation,        which is linked to discharge anomalies in the Parana´ River.                possibility that, despite a slow eutrophication in these highly        vegetated systems, water level changes and not nutrients        account for the shift from a floating macrophyte community        to phytoplankton dominance. Cyclic shifts may occur in        response to the seasonal floodpulse, but more strongly, as        indicated by our results, in association to the extreme drought        and flood events related to the El Nin˜o Southern Oscillation,        which is linked to discharge anomalies in the Parana´ River.        a concentrations. We discuss the         possibility that, despite a slow eutrophication in these highly        vegetated systems, water level changes and not nutrients        account for the shift from a floating macrophyte community        to phytoplankton dominance. Cyclic shifts may occur in        response to the seasonal floodpulse, but more strongly, as        indicated by our results, in association to the extreme drought        and flood events related to the El Nin˜o Southern Oscillation,        which is linked to discharge anomalies in the Parana´ River.","palabras_clave":"ALTERNATIVE STATES|FLOODPLAIN LAKE|PHYTOPLANKTON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112817,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cryptochrome 1 and phytochrome B control shade-avoidance responses in Arabidopsis via partially independent hormonal cascades","resumen":"Plants respond to a reduction in the red\/far-red ratio (R:FR) of light,   caused by the proximity of other plants, by initiating morphological   changes that improve light capture. In Arabidopsis, this response (shade   avoidance syndrome, SAS) is controlled by phytochromes (particularly   phyB), and is dependent on the TAA1 pathway of auxin biosynthesis.   However, when grown in real canopies, we found that phyB mutants and mutants deficient in TAAI (sav3)   still display robust SAS responses to increased planting density and   leaf shading. The SAS morphology (leaf hyponasty and reduced   lamina\/petiole ratio) could be phenocopied by exposing plants to blue   light attenuation. These responses to blue light attenuation required   the UV-A\/blue light photoreceptor cry1. Moreover, they were mediated   through mechanisms that showed only limited overlap with the pathways   recruited by phyB inactivation. In particular, pathways for polar auxin   transport, auxin biosynthesis and gibberellin signaling that are   involved in SAS responses to low R:FR were not required for the SAS   responses to blue light depletion. By contrast, the brassinosteroid   response appeared to be required for the full expression of the SAS   phenotype under low blue light. The phyB and cry1 inactivation pathways   appeared to converge in their requirement for the basic\/helix-loop-helix   (bHLH) transcription factors PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs&nbsp;4 and 5   (PIF4 and PIF5) to elicit the SAS phenotype. Our results suggest that   blue light is an important control of SAS responses, and that PIF4 and   PIF5 are critical hubs for a diverse array of signaling routes that   control plant architecture in canopies.","palabras_clave":"BLUE-LIGHT|BRASSINOSTEROID|PIF|DELLA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112818,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Polyphase white mica growth in low-grade metapelites from the La Cébila metamorphic complex (Famatinian Belt, Argentina): evidence from microstructural and XRD investigations","resumen":"ABSTRACT. Two tectono-thermal metamorphic events, M1-D1 (S1, with associated white mica and chlorite: WM1-Chl1) and M2-D2 (S2, with development of WM2-Chl2), are established from polyphase white mica growth for low-grade units from the Ordovician metasedimentary successions of La Cébila Metamorphic Complex in the Famatinian belt (western-central Argentina). The thermobarometric characterization of the M1 main event was carried out by means of clay-mineral analysis and crystallo-chemical parameter measurements. Epizonal (temperatures between 300 and 400ºC) and low-pressure conditions are suggested for M1 event, based in Kübler index values ranging from 0.23 to 0.17 &#916;º2&#952;, white mica b parameter values between 9.004 and 9.022 Å (mean of 9.014 Å, n=16) and Si contents between 3.13-3.29 a.p.f.u. Temperatures of ~180-270ºC are estimated for the M2 event, with Kübler index values ranging from 0.31 to 0.46 &#916;º2&#952;. The M1-D1 event of La Cébila could be linked to highstrain heating tectono-metamorphic Ordovician regime recorded in others complexes from Famatinian forelan region of Sierras Pampeanas.","palabras_clave":"SIERRAS PAMPEANAS|LOW PRESSURE|KÜBLER INDEX|WHITE MICA B PARAMETER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112819,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Influence of the B-site ordering on the magnetic properties of the new La3Co2MO9 double perovskites with M = Nb or Ta'","resumen":"Double perovskites La3Co2NbO9 and La3Co2TaO9 have been prepared by both solid state and sol?gel synthesis. The crystal structures have been studied from X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data.  Rietveld refinements show that the crystal structure is monoclinic (P21\/n), with different degrees of ordering of B0 and B00 cations, with octahedra tilted according to the Glazer notation abc+. Occupancy  refinements show that the solid state materials are more B-site ordered than the sol?gel ones. Magnetization measurements show that these perovskites show two magnetic contributions, one with spontaneous magnetization and other with linear behaviour with the magnetic field associated to antiferromagnetic correlations. In the samples synthesized by solid state the spontaneousmagnetization is more important than those synthesized by the sol?gel and present TC of 62 K for Nb and 72 K for Ta. On the other hand,materials prepared by sol?gel have TC 20 K for Nb and 40 K for Ta, respectively and major presence of the antiferromagnetic contribution. The competition between these magnetic behaviours is  interpreted, by a microscopic point of view, as to be due to the different degrees of Co2+ ions disorder on the B site of the double perovskite structure. This disorder affects the ratio between the  antiferromagnetic Co2+?O?Co2+ and the ferromagnetic Co2+?O?M5+?O?Co2+ couplings proposed for the system.","palabras_clave":"Ceramics|Chemical synthesis|X-ray diffraction|Crystal structure|Magnetic properties"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112820,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional characterization of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase isozymes from Trypanosoma cruzi","resumen":"Trypanosoma cruzi exhibits two putative  isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs). Both idh genes were cloned and the  recombinant enzymes expressed in Escherichia coli. Our results showed that T.  cruzi IDHs are strictly dependent on NADP+ and display apparent affinities  towards isocitrate and the coenzyme in the low micromolar range. In T. cruzi,  IDHs are cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes, and there is no evidence for the  typical Krebs cycle-related NAD-dependent IDH. Hence, like in Trypanosoma  brucei, the Krebs cycle is not a canonical route in T. cruzi. However, the  citrate produced in the mitochondrion could be isomerized into isocitrate in  the cytosol and the mitochondrion by means of the putative aconitase, which  would provide the substrate for both IDHs. The cytosolic IDH is significantly  more abundant in amastigotes, cell-derived and metacyclic trypomastigotes than  in epimastigotes. This observation fits in well with the expected oxidative  burst this pathogen has to face when infecting the mammalian host.","palabras_clave":"NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase|Trypanosomes|NADPH generation|Protection against ROS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112821,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative studies on the biochemical properties of the malic enzymes from Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei.","resumen":"Comparative studies showed that, like Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei exhibits functional cytosolic and mitochondrial malic enzymes (MEs), which are specifically linked to NADP. Kinetic studies provided evidence that T. cruzi and T.brucei MEs display similarly high affinities towards NADP1 and are also almost equally efficient in catalyzing the production of NADPH. Nevertheless, in contrast to the cytosolic ME from T. cruzi, which is highly activated by L-aspartate (over 10-fold), the T. brucei homologue is slightly more active (50%) in the presence of this amino acid. In T. brucei, both isozymes appear to be clearly more abundant in the insect stage, although they can be immunodetected in the bloodstream forms. By contrast, in T. cruzi the expression of the mitochondrial ME seems to be clearly upregulated in amastigotes, whereas the cytosolic isoform appears to be more abundant in the insect stages of the parasite. It might be hypothesized that in those environments where glucose is very low or absent, these pathogens depend on NADP-linked dehydrogenases such as the MEs for NADPH production, as in those conditions the pentose phosphate pathway cannot serve as a source of essential reducing power.","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma cruzi|Trypanosoma brucei|Enzimas málicas|Propiedades bioquímicas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112822,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Production of heterologous polygalacturonase I from Aspergillus kawachii in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch and fed batch cultures","resumen":"              The  pg1 gene from the filamentous fungus Aspergillus kawachii, which codifies for  an acid polygalacturonase, was cloned into the pYES2 expression vector giving rise to the pYES2:PG1&#916;I construct. Engineered Saccharomyces  cerevisiae, transformed with pYES2:PG1&#916;I construct, both expressed and  exported an active polygalacturonase with a MW of ~60 kDa and an isoelectric  point of 3.7, similar to those reported for the wild type enzyme. The  recombinant enzyme has the  ability to hydrolyze polygalacturonic acid at pH 2.5. Heterologous  PG1 production was studied under controlled conditions in batch and fed-batch  systems. A simultaneous addition of glucose and galactose was found to be the  most suitable feeding strategy assayed, it resulting in a final PG1 production  of 50 U\/ml. The production process proposed in this study could be applied for  the industrial production of a novel and useful polygalacturonase.","palabras_clave":"Aspergillus kawachii|Acid polygalacturonase|Saccharomyces cerevisiae|Heterologous expression|Fed-Batch culture"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112823,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The AT1 Angiotensin II receptor blockade attenuates the development of amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in a two injection protocol","resumen":"It has been shown that a single exposure to amphetamine is sufficientto induce long-term behavioral, neurochemical, and neuroendocrine sensitizationin rats. Dopaminergic neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens and the caudateputamenplays a critical role in the addictive properties of drugs of abuse. Angiotensin(Ang) II receptors are found on the soma and terminals of mesolimbic dopaminergicneurons and it has been shown that Ang II acting through its AT1 receptors facilitatesdopamine release. The hypothesis was tested that Ang II AT1 receptors are involvedin the neuroadaptative changes induced by a single exposure to amphetamine andthat such changes are related to the development of behavioral and neurochemicalsensitization. For this purpose, the study examined the expression of amphetamineenhanced(0.5 mg kg21 i.p.) locomotor activity in animals pretreated with candesartan,an AT1 blocker, (3 mg kg21 p.o 3 5 days), 3 weeks after an amphetamine injection(5 mg kg21 i.p.). Dopaminergic hyperreactivity was tested by measuring the 3H-DArelease in vitro from caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens slices, induced by K1stimulus. It was confirmed the behavioral sensitization in the two-injection protocoland candesartan pretreatment attenuate this response. It was also found that AT1blockade pretreatment did not affect the locomotor response to dopamine agonists. Inrespect to the neurochemical sensitization tested using ex vivo 3H-DA release experimentsit was found that AT1 receptor pretreatment blunted the enhanced responseinduced by K1 stimulus. The results support the idea that the development of neuroadaptivechanges induced by amphetamine involves brain AT1 Ang II receptor activation.Synapse 65:505?512, 2011. VVC 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","palabras_clave":"ANGIOTENSIN|SENSITIZATION|AMPHETAMINE|AT1 RECEPTORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112824,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Upper Main Sequence Stars with Anomalous Abundances. The HgMn stars HR 3273, HR 8118 HR 8567 and HR 8937","resumen":"This work is part of our current study for verifying a possible relation between abundances of HgMn stars with stellar parameters, rotation and age. We present an analysis of the stars HR 3273, HR 8118, HR 8567 and HR 8937. We used echelle spectra taken with the CASLEO 2.1 m telescope and ATLAS9 model atmospheres. HeI was underabundant for the HgMn stars. O was slightly underabundant in HR 3273 and HR 8567. MgII was underabundant except for HR 8118. SiII was close to solar in HR 8118 and HR 8937, and underabundant in HR 3273 and HR 8567. Fe was slightly underabundant in HR 3273 and HR 8567, and slightly overabundant in HR 8118 and HR 8937. The species Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn, Sr, Y and Zr were overabundant while Ni was underabundant.","palabras_clave":"Stars: chemically peculiar|Stars: individual"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112825,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Accurate stellar rotational velocities using the Fourier transform of the cross correlation maximum","resumen":"Aims: We propose a method for measuring the projected rotational velocity vsini with high precision even in spectra with blended lines. Though not automatic, our method is designed to be applied systematically to large numbers of objects without excessive computational requirement. Methods: We calculated the cross correlation function (CCF) of the object spectrum against a zero-rotation template and used the Fourier transform (FT) of the CCF central maximum to measure the parameter vsini taking the limb darkening effect and its wavelength dependence into account. The procedure also improves the definition of the CCF base line, resulting in errors related to the continuum position under 1% even for vsini = 280 km s-1. Tests with high-resolution spectra of F-type stars indicate that an accuracy well below 1% can be attained even for spectra where most lines are blended. Results: We have applied the method to measuring vsini in 251 A-type stars. For stars with vsini over 30 km s-1 (2-3 times our spectra resolution), our measurement errors are below 2.5% with a typical value of 1%. We compare our results with Royer et al. (2002a) using 155 stars in common, finding systematic differences of about 5% for rapidly rotating stars.","palabras_clave":"Stars: fundamental parameters|Stars: stellar rotation|methods: data analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112826,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Efficacy of an energy block containing Duddingtonia flagrans in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep'","resumen":"The efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans incorporated into an energy block was evaluated for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. Four naturally parasitised sheep with average nematode egg counts of 2,470 eggs per gram grazed by pairs on two similar parasite-free paddocks for 30 days. During that period, one pair of sheep (treated animals, T1) received an energy block containing chlamydospores of D. flagrans at a dose of 200,000 chlamydopores\/kg bw\/day, while the second pair (control animals, C1) received a fungus-free energy block. The animals in both groups were  taken off the paddocks after contaminating the pastures for a month with either nematode eggs plus fungal chlamydospores (T1) or nematode eggs alone (C1). Twelve parasite-free sheep were divided into two groups of six animals each, the treated group (T2) was placed on the paddock  previously contaminated with parasites and fungus, while the control group (C2) was placed on the parasite-only paddock. These two groups grazed on their respective paddocks during 30 days and were then housed for 15 days, after which period they were slaughtered in order to determine the parasite burden present in each animal. Results showed  that animals in group T2 harboured significantly less nematodes than their counterpart in group C2. The efficacy of D. flagrans was 92% against the total parasite burden, 100% against Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta, 89.9% against Trichostrongylus colubriformis,  87.5% against Cooperia onchopora, and 90% against Trichostrongylus axei. No efficacy was detected against Nematodirus spathiger, Trichuris ovis and T. skrjabini.","palabras_clave":"BIOLOGICAL CONTROL|DUDDINGTONIA FLAGRANS|NEMATOPHAGOUS FUNGI|HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS|RUMINANTS|NEMATODE PARASITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112827,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A vertebrate assemblage of Las Curtiembres Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of northwestern Argentina","resumen":"We describe an association of fossil vertebrates from the Morales Member of the Las CurtiembresFormation (Campanian) near Puente Morales, Salta Province, NW Argentina. The fossils include teleosteanfishes, pipid frogs, pleurodiran turtles, mesoeucrocodylians, non-avian theropod dinosaurs, and enantiornithinebirds. The vertebrate record is dominated by freshwater taxa. With the exception of pipid frogs, all taxa here describedconstitute new records for this sedimentary unit. Among them, the turtles are reported for the first timein the Cretaceous of northwestern Argentina (Salta Group). Additionally, the recently published small enantiornithineIntiornis inexpectatus enlarges the diversity of cretaceous birds from South America. Despite the fragmentarynature of the specimens, the information provided by this Late Cretaceous assemblage sheds new light on thecomposition of the continental vertebrate fauna in a paleontologically poorly known region of South America.enlarges the diversity of cretaceous birds from South America. Despite the fragmentarynature of the specimens, the information provided by this Late Cretaceous assemblage sheds new light on thecomposition of the continental vertebrate fauna in a paleontologically poorly known region of South America.","palabras_clave":"Vertebrates|Las Curtiembres Formation|Upper Cretaceous|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112828,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"INHIBITORY ROLE OF DIAZEPAM ON AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATION IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS","resumen":"Glutamate and GABA are the main excitatory and inhibitory   neurotransmitters in the CNS, and both may be involved in the neuronal   dysfunction in neurodegenerative conditions. We have recently found that   glutamate release was decreased in isolated synaptosomes from the rat   cerebral cortex during the development of experimental autoimmune   encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis. In   contrast to control animals where GABA induced a decrease in the evoked   glutamate release, which was abolished by picrotoxin (a GABA(A)   antagonist), synaptosomes from EAE rats showed a loss in the inhibition   of the glutamate release mediated by GABA with a concomitant diminution   of the flunitrazepam-sensitive GABA(A) receptor density. We have   presently further evaluated the relevance of the GABAergic system in EAE   by treating rats challenged for the disease with the GABA agonist   diazepam. Administration of diazepam during 6 days starting at day 6 or   11 after EAE active induction led to a marked decrease of the disease   incidence and histological signs associated with the disease. Cellular   reactivity and antibody responses against the encephalitogenic myelin   basic protein were also diminished. Beyond the effects of diazepam on   the autoimmune, inflammatory response, we report also a positive effect   on neurotransmission. Treatment with diazepam inhibited the previously   described reduction in glutamate release in the frontal cortex   synaptosomes from EAE animals. These data suggest that an endogenous   inhibitory GABAergic system within the immune system is involved in the   diazepam effect on EAE and indicate that increasing GABAergic activity   potently ameliorates EAE.","palabras_clave":"autoimmunity    |diazepam|multiple sclerosis|GABAergic system|neurotransmitter release"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112829,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increasing frequency of class 1 and 2 integrons in multidrug resistant clones of Acinetobacter baumannii reveals the need for continuous molecular surveillance","resumen":"Ab is considered a serious threat in thehospital environment over the world. Furthermore, some strains of Ab havebecome resistant to almost all currently available antibacterial agents throughmultifactorial combinatory antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Class 1 and 2integrons are both usually associated with antimicrobial resistance genecassettes in clinical samples. Prior reports of our laboratory revealed aparticular dispersion of class 2 integrons in Ab comparing to the dispersion ofclass 1 integrons in this specie. It is important to mention that all theclinical isolates used in that study were from Buenos Aires City. In order to contribute to the epidemiology andclinical impact of class 1 and 2 integrons in Ab isolates, we performed anintegron survey analyzing 20 isolates of non-epidemiologically related clinicalsamples from Rosario city collected during 2005-2009. All isolates weremultidrug resistant being resistant to at least 4 different antibiotic family.The intI1gene was recovered in 11 isolates and the intI2gene was found in 14 Ab isolates. Both integrons were present in 7 isolates.This data was different to the epidemiology previously observed in Ab isolatesfrom Buenos Aires, were we did not find many isolates harboring both genes. Wealso proceed to determine the clonality of the isolates and by PFGE analysis 4different clones (I, III, IV, IX) were identified, showing a policlonaldispersion of integrons. The clone III resulted to be the most predominantclone, which is another distinctive feature to Buenos Aires isolates where theclones IV and I are more widespread.Furthermore, with the aim of seeing if theATPase gene was disrupted by the well known AbaR1-like resistant island, whichis associated to class 1 integrons, we used the AbaR1-based PCR mappingdescribed by Shaikh et al, in all intI1 positive isolates. We obtainedpositive results for the 3? and the 5? junction in all of them (n=11) suggestingthe presence of AbR1-like element in our isolates. In conclusion, we found a high dispersion ofclass 1 and 2 integrons in this specie, showing that several isolates (7)harbored the two types of integrase genes. The obtained results show a distinctiveepidemiology in Rosario?s isolates comparing to our previous reports. We alsofound a policlonal dispersion of integrons and the presence of the AbR1-likeelement suggesting a possible localization of the class 1 integrons. Weconsidered that the difference observed to the previous integron survey revealsthe necessity of a continuous molecular surveillance in each region. In view that almost all isolatesfrom our study harbored integrons which are usually associated to horizontalgene transfer, a molecular surveillance of integrons and resistance genesinvolved in multidrug resistance should be considered an important target forcontrol infections in this species.","palabras_clave":"A. baumannii| class 1integron|class 2 integron"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112830,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Helicobacter pylori bab genes during chronic colonization.","resumen":"Helicobacter pylori BabA adhesin metastability could yield variants with   potential for periodic activation and deactivation of their mediated   adherence. babA\/B or babB\/A chimeras could play an important role in   translational regulation. We investigated the frequency of different bab   gene profiles in paired isolates from antrum and corpus recovered from   patients with chronic gastritis. Isolates from 174 biopsies from 34   patients were included, and bab   genes at the three common chromosomal loci were investigated.   Inter-micro-niche variation was found in 1\/4 patients, counting   duplicate copies of babA or babB, babB\/A or babA\/B chimeras, opposite   location of babA and babB or babC and babB, and absence of babB ATG   translational codon. Truncated BabA was identified in 2\/34 patients   without inter-micro-niche variation. Isolates from 12\/34 patients   harbored babA\/B or babB\/A chimeras -either in one, several or all   micro-niches indicating that chimera formation is a common mechanism to   control BabA expression. To note, babA gene was absent in 11\/34   patients, and in this population, babA\/B chimeras which lack expression   predominated over babB\/A, able to exhibit Le(b) binding phenotype.","palabras_clave":"Helicobacter pylori|bab genes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112831,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"¿Neo-desarrollismo: más allá del neo-liberalismo? Desarrollo y crisis capitalista en Argentina desde los 90","resumen":"Nuestra propuesta es analizar el desarrollo, la crisis y la superación de la Convertibilidad como producto del éxito de la estrategia de reestructuración capitalista de la sociedad argentina. Las políticas de los noventa serán vistas como elementos de la estrategia neoliberal para la reestructuración de las relaciones sociales incluidas sus formas fundamentales: la composición política de clases, la inserción en el ciclo internacional del capital y la forma-Estado. La crisis de la Convertibilidad puede ser analizada en este contexto como producto del éxito de los sectores dominantes para avanzar en la reestructuración de la sociedad junto a su fracaso político en dominar por completo la organización y resistencia popular","palabras_clave":"NEOLIBERALISMO|desarrollo|crisis|POLITICA ECONOMICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112832,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Neoliberalismos, neodesarrollismos y proyectos contrahegemónicos en Suramérica","resumen":"El proyecto neoliberal iniciado a fines de los años setenta atraviesa en la década que pasó su crisis terminal. Sus manifestaciones son diversas según se trate de espacios de valorización del centro o la periferia y aun dentro de cada uno de estos espacios las crisis tienen formas diferentes y se perfilan distintas salidas a la misma. Este variopinto de la más reciente crisis en el capitalismo nos permite hablar de las crisis (en plural) en el sistema, en un particular paradigma de organización del mismo (el neoliberalismo), en lugar de sólo la crisis (en singular). Este escrito busca rastrear algunas hipótesis sobre las crisis actuales y delinear alternativas ? actuales o potenciales ? que se desarrollan frente a las mismas. En la periferia es donde más claramente se ven los rumbos nuevos. En América del Sur los pueblos se encuentran en lucha para lograr superar dialéctica pero radicalmente el capitalismo periférico con base en el saqueo de las riquezas naturales. Las distintas modalidades de neodesarrollismo son otras tantas opciones que los pueblos han logrado construir. Mientras las grandes potencias regionales apuestan a formas de subimperialismo como estrategia de confrontación con los espacios aún dominantes, en otros, pueblos y gobierno apuestan a conformar salidas populares antisistémicas (Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador). Sólo la compleja articulación de la dinámica objetiva de la crisis sistémica y las construcciones sociales por un mundo diferente podrán definir cuáles serán finalmente los caminos elegidos.","palabras_clave":"modelos|neodesarrollismo|neoliberalismo|crisis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112833,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Frames by Multiplication","resumen":"In this note we study frame-related properties of a sequence of functions multiplied by another function. In particular we study frame and Riesz basis properties. We apply these results to sets of irregular translates of  a bandlimited function h in L2(Rd). This is achieved by lookingat a set of exponentials restricted to a set E &#8834;Rd with frequencies ina countable set &#923; and multiplying it by the Fourier transform of a &#64257;xed function h &#8712; L2(E). Using density results due to Beurling, we prove theexistence and give ways to construct frames by irregular translates.","palabras_clave":"RIESZ BASES|IRREGULAR TRANSLATES|IRREGULAR SAMPLING|FRAMES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112834,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of delayed feedback on the dynamics of a scalar map via a frequency-domain approach","resumen":"The effect of delayed feedback on the dynamics of a scalar map is studied by using a frequency-domain approach. Explicit conditions for the occurrence of period-doubling and Neimark-Sacker &nbsp;bifurcations in the controlled map are found analytically. The appearance of a 1:2 resonance for &nbsp;certain values of the delay is also formalized, revealing that this phenomenon is independent of the &nbsp;system parameters. A detailed study of the well-known logistic map under delayed feedback is&nbsp;included for illustration.","palabras_clave":"MAPS|DELAYED FEEDBACK|NEIMARK-SACKER|FREQUENCY-DOMAIN APPROACH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112835,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural characterization of strained oxacycles by 13C NMR spectroscopy","resumen":"The 1H and 13C NMR data of a series of epoxy- and epidioxy-bridged tetrahydropyran derivatives containing the same basic carbon skeleton, are reported. 13C NMR spectroscopy was shown to be useful for structural determination of both substructures allowing facile distinction of otherwise similar compounds. ","palabras_clave":"NMR|OXACYCLES|CATALYTIC HYDROGENATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112836,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unprecedented stereoselective synthesis of cyclopenta[b]benzofuran derivatives and their characterisation assisted by aligned media NMR and 13C chemical shift ab initio predictions","resumen":"          A new approach to the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]benzofuran derivatives via reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with alpha,beta,gamma,delta-unsaturated aldehydes is described. The constitution and configuration of the new products have been firmly established by means of residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) and ab initio&nbsp;13C NMR chemical shift predictions.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"AB-INITIO 13C NMR CHEMICAL SHIFT PREDICTIONS|HETEROCYCLES|CASCADE REACTIONS|RDC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112837,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Crab herbivory regulates re-colonization of disturbed patches in a SW Atlantic salt marsh","resumen":"Recent work exploring the effects of physical stress and herbivory on secondary succession in estuarine plant communities agrees with basic stress models and reveal that herbivory is an important force in brackish and oligohaline marshes but negligible in physically stressful salt marshes. In these systems, herbivores are terrestrial, and thus negatively affected by the same stressful factors that affect marsh plants (i.e. frequent flooding or high salinities). We evaluated the effects of a marine herbivore (i.e. the crab Neohelice granulata) on plant secondary succession in a southwestern Atlantic salt marsh. Field surveys revealed that disturbance-generated bare patches have harsh physical conditions and that their edges suffer higher herbivore pressure compared to the marsh matrix. A factorial experiment demonstrated that asexual expansion of the surrounding plants is the only possible mechanism to re-colonize disturbed patches and that crab exclusion can increase this  colonization rate by more than 30 times. Our results show that even in highly stressful environments, herbivores strongly impact marsh structure by regulating patch recovery. The synergism of physical stress and herbivory may make plant succession an extremely slow process and lead to the prevalence of bare areas.","palabras_clave":"SECONDARY SUCCESSION|ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION|SPARTINA, SALT MARSHES|NEOHELICE GRANULATA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112838,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increase of organic matter transport between marshes and tidal flats by the burrowing crab Neohelice (Chasmagnathus) granulata Dana in SW Atlantic salt marshes","resumen":"Marshes are considered exporters of organic material, with tides being one of the most studied transport mechanisms. However, animal movements can enhance this energy transport and even, in some cases, import energy to marshes by fecal deposition. In this work, we analyze if Neohelice (Chasmagnathus) granulata, an abundant intertidal burrowing crab that changes its diet between marsh (herbivorous) and tidal flat (deposit feeder) zones and moves between zones during the tidal cycle, enhance energy transfer between marshes and tidal flats by fecal deposition. Given that higher tidal levels increase these movements, two intertidal habitats with different tidal amplitudes were compared (Mar Chiquita Coastal lagoon 37° 40&#8242; S \u2014MCCL, max 2 m and San Antonio Bay 40° 46&#8242; S \u2014SAB, max 9 m). The seasonal and tidal movements between zones were studiedusing movement traps. Crabs moving towards each direction were kept in containers to calculate fecal production and the total organic matter (OM) release and OM% of their feces. With these data, a resampling technique was performed to compare with a 3 way ANOVA the net transport of feces seasonally, between zones, in both intertidals. The results showed that the movement of N. granulata enhances the exchange of OM among habitats by fecal deposition between marsh and tidal flats with seasonal variations in its importance. Fecal transport showed differences between locations being 10 times higher in winter and decreasing towards summer in MCCL, while the opposite trend was found in SAB. There were no differences in the OM deposited in each zone in SAB but in MCCL there was 45% more feces deposited in the marsh than in the tidal flat. The fecal OM% is higher in SAB than in MCCL suggesting that biodeposition in SAB, where it can&nbsp; reach 40%OM (surrounding sediment is lower than 2%) could be more important. The fecal&nbsp; production in MCCL is about 80% of the rate of detritus production in the marsh. In conclusion, fecal deposition is a very important input of energy in marsh zones, being crabs an important&nbsp; mechanism in transporting OM mainly towards the marsh zones.","palabras_clave":"CRABS|ENERGY TRANSFER|FECES|MARSH|MUDFLATS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112839,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mutational analysis of kinetic partitioning in protein folding and protein-DNA binding","resumen":"Kinetic partitioning between competing routes is present in many biological processes. Here, we propose a methodology to characterize kinetic partitioning through site-directed mutagenesis and apply it to parallel routes for unfolding of the TI I27 protein and for recognition of its target DNA by the human papillomavirus E2 protein. The balance between the two competing reaction routes can be quantified by the partitioning constant K(p). K(p) is easily modulated by point mutations, opening the way for the rational design of kinetic partitioning. Conserved wild-type residues strongly favor one of the two competing reactions, suggesting that in these systems there is an evolutionary pressure to shift partitioning towards a certain route. The mutations with the largest effects on partitioning cluster together in space, defining the protein regions most relevant for the modulation of partitioning. Such regions are neither fully coincident with nor strictly segregated from the regions that are important from each competing reaction. We dissected the mutational effects on partitioning into the contributions from each competing route using a new parameter called pi-value. The results suggest how the design of kinetic partitioning may be approached in each case.","palabras_clave":"KINETIC PARTITIONING|POINT MUTATION|PROTEIN DESIGN|PROTEIN-DNA BINDING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112840,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prediction of native-state hydrogen exchange from perfectly funneled energy landscapes","resumen":"Simulations based on perfectly funneled energy landscapes often capture many of the kinetic features of protein folding. We examined whether simulations based on funneled energy functions can also describe fluctuations in native-state protein ensembles. We quantitatively compared the site-specific local stability determined from structure-based folding simulations, with hydrogen exchange protection factors measured experimentally for ubiquitin, chymotrypsin inhibitor 2, and staphylococcal nuclease. Different structural definitions for the open and closed states based on the number of native contacts for each residue, as well as the hydrogen-bonding state, or a combination of both criteria were evaluated. The predicted exchange patterns agree with the experiments under native conditions, indicating that protein topology indeed has a dominant effect on the exchange kinetics. Insights into the simplest mechanistic interpretation of the amide exchange process were thus obtained.","palabras_clave":"protein folding|hydrogen exchange|energy landscape|coarse grain models"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112841,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto de la adición de harina de yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sobre las características sensoriales, reológicas y físicas de tortas y panquecas","resumen":"La yuca es la fuente energética de mayor productividad en el trópico, que puede usarse como sustituto del trigo en la elaboración  de alimentos para celíacos. Sin embargo, la disponibilidad de productos para esta población es limitada y onerosa.  El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la sustitución de la harina de trigo por harina de yuca, en niveles de  30 y 100% sobre las características de tortas y panquecas. Los batidos de las panquecas presentaron un pico endotérmico  relacionado con el proceso de gelatinización, mostrando los de yuca una estructura granular más estable. No se evidenció  retrogradación en los productos. La harina de yuca disminuyó la luminosidad en los productos e incrementó la tonalidad  amarilla en las tortas. Asimismo la incorporación de harina de yuca en las tortas disminuyó la firmeza, masticabilidad,  gomosidad y cohesividad, tendencia que se mantuvo en el tiempo. Las panquecas 100% trigo o yuca presentaron mayor  firmeza (5918 y 5130g), gomosidad (3551 y 2952g) y masticabilidad (3504 y 2894). La sustitución modificó la estructura  interna de la porosidad de la miga presentando las tortas de yuca un tamaño de alvéolo más grande (0,85-0,89 mm2)  y un menor número alveolar (400-414), sin que ocurriera el colapso de la estructura pudiendo considerarse favorable.  El análisis sensorial mostró que los productos con yuca provocaron buen nivel de aceptación (> 5 y 6) entre los evaluadores,  lo que aunado con los resultados antes referidos demuestra la factibilidad de sustituir la harina de trigo por yuca","palabras_clave":"PANQUEQUES|MANIHOT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112842,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Use of low cost daylighting system: custom design and application consecuences in a office environment","resumen":"Nowadays, many working environments are located within facilities that are not   visually connected with the exterior. This is due to the new architectural   paradigms as regards the design, based on the possibility to substitute natural   light for artificial lighting even in daytime. Accordingly, the need of reducing   energy costs and the user´s wish to optimize lighting and visual comfort levels   raises the option of innovative natural lighting systems implementation. For a   luminous retrofitting case, located in Mendoza, Argentina, a specific   methodology used determined that the more adequate natural lighting strategy   would be redirecting direct sunlight, working on the reflected light design. The   methodology proposed is formed by an analysis of the initial situation,   conditions modelization and design resolving proposals, through luminous   evaluation, real and virtual scale model construction, and performance   evaluation using heliodon and simulation software. This work points to use   natural lighting to reduce energy consumption and get better luminous ambient   through the application of a low-cost daylighting system. In the mentioned case,   strategies of redirection of the solar component capable of optimizing indoor   lighting levels up to a 40% were applied.","palabras_clave":"DAYLIGHITNG SYSTEM|DESIGN|APPLICATION|OFFICE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112843,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CHAPAS METÁLICAS PERFORADAS EN FACHADAS VIDRIADAS. CARACTERÍSTICAS ÓPTICAS E ILUMINACION NATURAL","resumen":"Las envolventes de edificios que proponen sobre sus fachadas vidriadas láminas metálicas perforadas con patrones de diseño, generan en los espacios interiores condiciones lumínicas particulares. Por un lado su impronta es el dinamismo de luces y sombras que generan un interés visual, pero si estos espacios son de uso visual exigido como aulas y oficinas, constituyen fuentes de deslumbramiento y de disconfort visual. Este artículo analiza un ejemplo con nuevos métodos como el mapeo de Luminancias (HDR-EVALGLARE) y distribución de transmitancia bidireccional (BTDF). Los resultados arrojaron para invierno (11.48 sr-1) y media estación (5.52 sr-1) valores bajos de transmitancia y elevadas diferencias de luminancias, (máx. 3200 cd\/m2 y min. 1 cd\/m2). Los cálculos de predicción de deslumbramiento resultaron por encima de lo aceptable (19,4) convirtiendo a este ejemplo en una fuente de luz no apropiada para iluminación natural de espacios de uso visual exigido.","palabras_clave":"ILUMINACION NATURAL|CHAPAS METÁLICAS PERFORADAS|CARACTERÍSTICAS ÓPTICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112844,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"UTILIZACIÓN DE SISTEMAS PASIVOS DE ILUMINACION NATURAL EN SALAS DE PROPAGACIÓN AGÁMICA DE PLANTAS","resumen":"El trabajo presentado muestra los resultados lumínicos obtenidos dentro de una Sala de propagación agámica de plantas, gracias a la aplicación de un Sistema Pasivo de Iluminación Natural. Se evaluó, por una parte, las características de la distribución de iluminancias dentro de la sala, para tres diferentes alturas y distintos momentos del día, y por otra parte, el aporte lumínico del sistema medido en flujo. Finalmente, se calculó cuál es el ahorro energético que el sistema genera. Los resultados mostraron que la utilización de Sistemas Pasivos de Iluminación Natural en aplicaciones de producción agámica de plantas puede redundar en un importante ahorro de la energía eléctrica utilizada diariamente por los sistemas de iluminación artificial.","palabras_clave":"ILUMINACION NATURAL|PROPAGACIÓN AGÁMICA|SISTEMAS PASIVOS DE ILUMINACION NATURAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112846,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of lithium on the electrical properties of polycystin-2 (TRPP2).","resumen":"Polycystin-2 (PC2, TRPP2) is a TRP-type, non-selective cation channel whose dysfunction is implicated in changes in primary cilium structure and genesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Lithium (Li(+)) is a potent pharmaceutical agent whose effect on cell function is largely unknown. In this work, we explored the effect of Li(+) on PC2 channel function. In vitro translated PC2 was studied in a lipid bilayer reconstitution system exposed to different chemical conditions such as Li(+) or K(+) chemical gradients and different symmetrical concentrations of either cation. Li(+) inhibited PC2 function only from the external side, by decreasing the single-channel conductance and modifying the reversal potential consistent with both permeability to and blockage of the channel. When a chemical gradient was imposed, the PC2 single-channel conductance was 144 pS and 107 pS for either K(+) or Li(+), respectively. Data were analysed in terms of the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz approximation and energy models based on absolute rate theory to understand the mechanism(s) of Li(+) transport and blockage of PC2. The 2S3B model better explained the findings, including saturation, anomalous mole fraction, non-linearity of the current-voltage curves under bi-ionic conditions and concentration dependence of permeability ratios. The data indicate that Li(+) modifies PC2 channel function, whose effect unmasks a high-affinity binding site for this ion, and an intrinsic asymmetry in the pore structure of the channel. The findings provide insights into possible mechanism(s) of Li(+) regulation of ciliary length and dysfunction mediated by this cation.","palabras_clave":"lithium regulation|PC2"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112847,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Validation of a radioimmunoassay for measuring testosterone concentrations in plasma samples of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum: Outstandingly Elevated Levels in the Wild and the Effect of Captivity","resumen":"We validated the Coat-a-Count® radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit for measuring testosterone in plasma samples of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum and evaluated testosterone levels in free-living and captive individuals. The performance of the assay was evaluated by the assessment of parallelism, accuracy and precision. Moreover, the high specificity of the assay antibody was confirmed by means of a high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV), followed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS\/MS). Results indicated that plasma samples have to be treated with heat and diluted before the RIA for the optimization of the assay. Plasma testosterone concentrations in free-living animals were outstandingly-elevated (up to 329 ng\/mL), which are among the highest ever reported for mammals. On the other hand, captivity produced a 14-fold decrease in plasma testosterone concentrations, emphasizing that very significant changes in the endocrine milieu may occur in wild animals kept under laboratory conditions. Our results place tuco-tucos as an interesting model for the study of androgen regulation in mammals, suggesting that target tissues may have low sensitivity to the testosterone signal and agree with a scenario of elevated levels of sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in plasma.","palabras_clave":"testosterone|tuco|stress|welfare"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112848,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The role of diet and temperature in shaping cranial diversification of South American human populations: an approach based on spatial regression and rate tests","resumen":"Aim Understanding the importance of ecological factors in the origin and maintenanceof patterns of phenotypic variation among populations, in an explicit geographicalcontext, is one of the main goals of human biology, ecology and evolutionary biology.Here we study the ecological factors responsible for craniofacial variation amonghuman populations from South America.Location South America.Methods We studied a dataset of 718 male individuals from 40 South Americansamples, coming from groups that inhabited different geographic and ecologicalregions. Cranial size and shape variation were studied using thirty craniofunctionalmeasurements. We first studied spatial patterns using spatial correlograms andinterpolated maps. We then regressed the shape (principal component scores) and sizevariables against ecology (i.e. mean annual temperature and diet) using multiple andmultivariate spatial regression. Finally, the expected magnitudes of shape and sizedivergence under the influence of genetic drift and mutations alone were evaluatedusing neutral expectation for the &#916; divergence rate.Results The spatial correlograms showed a cline affecting the entire South Americandistribution. Interpolated maps showed that size and shape vary from Southeast toNorthwest. Multiple and multivariate regression analyses suggested that diet has thelargest and most significant effect on this pattern of size and shape variation. Finally,the results of the &#916; rate test suggested that random processes alone cannot account forthe morphological divergence exhibited by cranial size and allometric shape scoresamong southernmost populations.Main conclusions Correlograms, spatial regression and &#916; divergence rate analysesshowed that although local factors (i.e. neutral processes or local environmentalconditions) are important to explain spatial inter-population differentiation in cranialcharacteristics among these populations, there is significant correlation of cranial sizeand shape variation with diet. Gene flow among human populations, or localenvironmental conditions, could explain spatial variation mainly at smaller spatialscales, whereas the large-scale pattern of South American dataset would be mainlyrelated to the high proportion of carbohydrates and low proportion of proteinsconsumed.","palabras_clave":"Size variation|shape differences|spatial autocorrelation|spatial comparative techniques"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112849,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Early evolutionary differentiation of morphological variation in the mandible of South American caviomorph rodents (Rodentia, Caviomorpha)","resumen":"Caviomorphs are a clade of South American rodents recorded at least since the early Oligocene (&gt; 31.5 Ma) that exhibit ample eco-morphological variation. It has been proposed that phylogenetic structure is more important than ecological factors for understanding mandibular shape variation in this clade. This was interpreted as a result of the long-standing evolutionary history of caviomorphs and the early divergence of major lineages. In this work, we test this hypothesis through the analysis of morphological variation in the mandible of living and extinct species and compare this information with that obtained through comparative phylogenetic analyses. Our results support the hypothesis of early origin of mandibular variation; moreover, they suggest the conservation of early differentiated morphologies, which could indicate the existence of constrained evolutionary diversification.","palabras_clave":"CAVIOMORPH RODENTS|EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY|FOSSIL RECORD|GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS|MANDIBULAR MORPHOLOGY|PHYLOGENETIC COMPARATIVE METHODS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112850,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PRONTO: An ontology for comprehensive and consistent representation of product information","resumen":"Nowadays, it is quite common for collaborating organizations (or even different areas within a company) to develop and maintain their own product model. This situation leads to information duplication and its associated problems. Besides, traditional product models do not properly handle the high number of variants managed in today competitive markets. In addition, there is a need for an integrated product model to be shared by all the organizations participating in global supply chains (SCs) or all the areas within a company. One way to reach an intelligent integration among product models is by means of an ontology. PRoduct ONTOlogy (PRONTO) is an ontology for the product modeling domain, able to efficiently handle product variants. It defines and integrates two hierarchies to represent product information: the abstraction hierarchy (AH) and the structural one (SH). This contribution presents a ConceptBase formal specification of PRONTO that focuses on the structural hierarchy of products. This hierarchy is a tool to handle product information associated with the multiple available recipes or processes to manufacture a particular product or a set of similar products. The formal specification presented in the paper also includes mechanisms to infer structural information from the explicit knowledge represented at each of the AH levels: Family, VariantSet and Product. This proposal efficiently handles a great number of variants and allows representing product information with distinct granularity degrees, which is a requirement for planning activities taking place at different time horizons. PRONTO easily manages crucial features that should be taken into account in a product representation, such as the efficient handling of product families and variants concepts, composition and decomposition structures and the possibility of specifying constraints. To demonstrate the semantic expressiveness of the proposed ontology a food industry related case-study is addressed and discussed in detail.","palabras_clave":"Product Model,|Product family|Product variant|Product structure|Domain ontology|Heavyweight ontologies|ConceptBase"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112851,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development and Thermal Evolution of Silver Clusters in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Sol-Gel Coatings","resumen":"A silver doped hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gel coating was developed through the hydrolytic condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and methyl-triethoxysilane (MTES). Silica nanoparticles were added in order to give a mechanical reinforcement and silver nitrate as the supplier of Ag+ ions, which have a potential effect as a biocide component. Synthesis of precursor sol and the evolution of silver clusters in the whole process were analyzed through Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. A high thermal sensitivity of sub-nanometric silver particles was determined by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) carrying to formation of higher agglomerates or silver nanoparticles. Lixiviation tests show long-term and gradual silver releasing without worsening of the structural integrity of coatings.","palabras_clave":"SILVER CLUSTERS|SOL-GEL|BIOCIDE COATINGS|SAXS FITTING|SILVER RELEASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112852,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biomass of autotrophic dinoflagellates under weak vertical stratification and contrasting chlorophyll levels in subantarctic shelf waters","resumen":"Both the biomass of autotrophic dinoflagellates and its contribution to total chlorophyll were found to increase significantly with seawater temperature and the level of stratification in southern Patagonian waters during spring and winter. The highest peak of biomass corresponded to a single species, Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard) Schiller, and was detected in middle shelf waters, coinciding with the primary productivity and CO2 uptake maxima reported for the area under spring conditions.      ","palabras_clave":"autotrophic dinoflagellates|carbon-to-chlorophyll ratio|vertical distribution|Prorocentrum minimum|south Patagonian waters"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112853,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Las terrazas contorníticas en el margen continental Argentino: implicaciones morfosedimentarias y oceanográficas","resumen":"Un enorme Sistema Deposicional Contornítico, compuesto mediante rasgos deposicionales y erosivos, ha sido caracterizado en el margen continental Argentino. El presente trabajo se centra en los rasgos erosivos contorníticos y en concreto en uno de ellos: las terrazas contorníticas. Se identifican a lo largo del talud continental, y a diferentes profundidades, un conjunto de terrazas con una muy buena continuidad lateral. Esta terrazas son elementos morfológicos sub-horizontales sobre el actual fondo submarino desarrolladas durantes sucesivas fases constructivas (deposicionales) y erosivas mediante la acción de las masas de agua antárticas que interaccionan con el talud continental. Regionalmente la ubicación de las terrazas se correlaciona con la posición de las interfases entre las principales masas de agua. La presencia de las terrazas contorníticas implica cambios muy significativos en el perfil morfológico del talud, generando un perfil muy diferente al definido en los modelos conceptuales de los taludes para los márgenes continentales.","palabras_clave":"Contornitas|rasgos erosivos|masas de agua antárticas|Margen Continental Argentino"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112854,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of body size and ranging patterns on delphinid sociality: Associations among Commerson's dolphins","resumen":"We investigated the association patterns of 48 identifiable Commerson?s dolphins (Cephalorhynchus commersonii) photographed 2 or more times over a 2-year period in Bahý´a Engan?o, Chubut, Argentina. The associations among them were not different from random for short time periods (7 days) but were significantly different from random for longer periods. Lagged identification rate and lagged association rate models show that dolphins remained in the area on average 15 days and then moved away as the original groups dissolved. Commerson?s dolphins appear to have a fission?fusion society, and the observed strength of their associations is in concordance with the predictions regarding their body size and ranging patterns. The dolphins seem to rely on Bahý´a Engan?o as a core area for most of their activities, but the aggregations are labile and some individuals remain associated in a more stable manner with only a few other individuals. Cephalorhynchus commersonii) photographed 2 or more times over a 2-year period in Bahý´a Engan?o, Chubut, Argentina. The associations among them were not different from random for short time periods (7 days) but were significantly different from random for longer periods. Lagged identification rate and lagged association rate models show that dolphins remained in the area on average 15 days and then moved away as the original groups dissolved. Commerson?s dolphins appear to have a fission?fusion society, and the observed strength of their associations is in concordance with the predictions regarding their body size and ranging patterns. The dolphins seem to rely on Bahý´a Engan?o as a core area for most of their activities, but the aggregations are labile and some individuals remain associated in a more stable manner with only a few other individuals. Cephalorhynchus commersonii) photographed 2 or more times over a 2-year period in Bahý´a Engan?o, Chubut, Argentina. The associations among them were not different from random for short time periods (7 days) but were significantly different from random for longer periods. Lagged identification rate and lagged association rate models show that dolphins remained in the area on average 15 days and then moved away as the original groups dissolved. Commerson?s dolphins appear to have a fission?fusion society, and the observed strength of their associations is in concordance with the predictions regarding their body size and ranging patterns. The dolphins seem to rely on Bahý´a Engan?o as a core area for most of their activities, but the aggregations are labile and some individuals remain associated in a more stable manner with only a few other individuals.","palabras_clave":"association pattern|Cephalorhynchus commersonii|Patagonia|social structure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112855,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Importance of IL-10 modulation by probiotic microorganisms in gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases","resumen":"Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that are naturally present in many foods and possess a wide range of therapeutic properties. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the current expanding knowledge of one of the mechanisms by which LAB and other probiotic microorganisms participate in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal inflammatory disease through their immune-modulating properties. A special emphasis will be placed on the critical role of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and a brief overview of the uses of genetically engineered LAB that produce this important immune response mediator will also be discussed. Thus, this paper will demonstrate the critical role that IL-10 plays in gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases and how probiotics could be used in their treatment.","palabras_clave":"INTERLEUKIN-10|PROBIOTICS|LACTIC ACID BACTERIA|INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112856,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Potential Application of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","resumen":"Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that are naturally present in many foods and possess a wide range of therapeutic properties. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the current expanding knowledge of the mechanisms by which LAB and other probiotic microorganisms participate in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. These include changes in the gut microbiota, stimulation of the host immune responses, and reduction of the oxidative stress due to their antioxidant properties. A brief overview of the uses of genetically engineered LAB that produce either antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase and superoxide dismutase) or anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-10) will also be discussed. This paper will show that probiotics should be considered in treatment protocols of IBD since they provide many beneficial effects and can enhance the effectiveness of traditional used medicines.","palabras_clave":"LACTIC ACID BACTERIA|PROBIOTICS|INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112857,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Use of superoxide dismutase and catalase producing lactic acid bacteria in TNBS induced Crohn's disease in mice","resumen":"Reactive oxygen species are involved in various aspects of intestinal inflammation and tumor development. Decreasing their levels using antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) could therefore be useful in the prevention of certain diseases. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are ideal candidates to deliver these enzymes in the gut. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of CAT or SOD producing LAB were evaluated using a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced Crohn?s disease murine model. Engineered Lactobacillus casei BL23 strains producing either CAT or SOD, or the native strain were given to mice before and after intrarectal administration of TNBS. Animal survival, live weight, intestinal morphology and histology, enzymatic activities, microbial translocation to the liver and cytokines released in the intestinal fluid were evaluated. The mice that received CAT or SOD-producing LAB showed a faster recovery of initial weight loss, increased enzymatic activities in the gut and lesser extent of intestinal inflammation compared to animals that received the wild-type strain or those that did not receive bacterial supplementation. Our findings suggest that genetically engineered LAB that produce antioxidant enzymes could be used to prevent or decrease the severity of certain intestinal pathologies.","palabras_clave":"LACTIC ACID BACTERIA|GENETIC MODIFIED BACTERIA|INFLAMAMTION|OXIDATIVE STRESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112858,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains retain their viability and aflatoxin B(1) binding ability under gastrointestinal conditions and improve ruminal fermentation.","resumen":"The aim was to evaluate both the ability of yeast strains to survive and bind AFB1 under&nbsp;ruminant gastrointestinal conditions and the effect of these yeast strains on ruminal&nbsp;fermentation. Yeast viability was studied under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. AFB1&nbsp;binding ability was evaluated at different pH values as present in the ruminant gastrointestinal&nbsp;tract. The effect of yeast strains on cellulose digestion and volatile fatty acids production by&nbsp;ruminal bacteria was also evaluated. All yeast strains were able to survive under&nbsp;gastrointestinal conditions and to adsorb AFB1 at the different pH assayed. The strain RC016&nbsp;showed the highest binding percentage at the three tested pH. The number of cellulolytic&nbsp;bacteria in ruminal fluid was increased in the presence of RC008 and RC016 yeast strains.&nbsp;The concentration of acetate and propionate after ruminal fermentation was increased with the&nbsp;addition of RC008 and RC016 strains; this effect was less significant with RC009 strain.&nbsp;Strains RC008 and RC016 are potential probiotic to be included in animal feed: they help to&nbsp;increase fiber digestibility and could reduce AFB1 bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract.&nbsp;Viable S. cerevisiae RC008 and RC016 strains with both probiotic and mycotoxins adsorption&nbsp;properties could be used as feed additives in ruminant feedstuff.1 under&nbsp;ruminant gastrointestinal conditions and the effect of these yeast strains on ruminal&nbsp;fermentation. Yeast viability was studied under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. AFB1&nbsp;binding ability was evaluated at different pH values as present in the ruminant gastrointestinal&nbsp;tract. The effect of yeast strains on cellulose digestion and volatile fatty acids production by&nbsp;ruminal bacteria was also evaluated. All yeast strains were able to survive under&nbsp;gastrointestinal conditions and to adsorb AFB1 at the different pH assayed. The strain RC016&nbsp;showed the highest binding percentage at the three tested pH. The number of cellulolytic&nbsp;bacteria in ruminal fluid was increased in the presence of RC008 and RC016 yeast strains.&nbsp;The concentration of acetate and propionate after ruminal fermentation was increased with the&nbsp;addition of RC008 and RC016 strains; this effect was less significant with RC009 strain.&nbsp;Strains RC008 and RC016 are potential probiotic to be included in animal feed: they help to&nbsp;increase fiber digestibility and could reduce AFB1 bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract.&nbsp;Viable S. cerevisiae RC008 and RC016 strains with both probiotic and mycotoxins adsorption&nbsp;properties could be used as feed additives in ruminant feedstuff.","palabras_clave":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae|aflatoxin B1|gastrointestinal conditions|Ruminal fermentation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112859,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An unusual pattern of limb morphology in the Tithonian marine turtle Neusticemys neuquina from the Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuque´n Basin, Argentina","resumen":"Here, we report an unusual pattern in the manus and pes morphology of the Tithonianmarine turtle Neusticemys neuquina. We analyse the forelimbs of two previously known specimens and describe the hind limbs of two previously undescribed specimens. Neusticemys neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.specimens and describe the hind limbs of two previously undescribed specimens. Neusticemys neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.Neusticemys neuquina. We analyse the forelimbs of two previously known specimens and describe the hind limbs of two previously undescribed specimens. Neusticemys neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.Neusticemys neuquina is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.is characterized by a relative elongation of both the forelimb and hind limb, compared with stem Chelonoidea, as well as an elongation of the pedal digit V,achieved through the elongation of the bones, as well as a moderate hyperphalangy. Theelongation of pedal digit V is the most striking feature of N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.unknown in other turtles.N. neuquina, a feature unknown in other turtles.","palabras_clave":"Limb morphology|Neusticemys neuquina|Tithonian turtle|Neuquén Basin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112860,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación preliminar del grado de amenaza de los Helechos y Licofitas de Argentina","resumen":"El objetivo de esta contribución es realizar una evaluación preliminar del grado de amenazade los helechos y Lycophyta que crecen en Argentina, con el fin de proponer estrategias para suconservación. Para ello se tuvieron en cuenta los taxa endémicos así como aquellos que crecen en áreasreducidas de países limítrofes. Las categorías (1 a 5) fueron asignadas de acuerdo con las propuestaspor el PlanEar, considerando el área de distribución y su abundancia relativa o rareza. Como resultadode este estudio, 18 taxa de helechos y Lycophyta de Argentina fueron considerados amenazados(categorías 4, 4-5, 5), de un total de 34 taxa endémicos. La principal causa de amenaza de la flora enesta región es la pérdida o degradación del hábitat por las actividades humanas, poniendo en riesgo lasupervivencia de muchos taxa endémicos. Se sugieren estrategias combinadas de conservación, conénfasis en la protección in situ junto con la conservación ex situ en bancos de esporas.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|Helechos|Lycophyta|diversidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112861,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CATALIZADOR ESTRUCTURADO DE Pt\/Al2O3 SOBRE UNA ESPUMA DE ACERO INOXIDABLE (AISI 314) PARA LA OXIDACIÓN DE CO","resumen":"Se obtuvo un catalizador estructurado por recubrimiento de Pt\/Al2O3 sobre las paredes de una espuma de acero inoxidable AISI 314. Para estabilizar térmicamente e incrementar la rugosidad de la superficie de la espuma original se realizó un tratamiento a 900°C por 2 h. El soporte, Al2O3, y el metal activo, Pt, se incorporaron por inmersión. Las técnicas de caracterización aplicadas, XRD, LRS y SEM-EDX, permiten concluir que el tratamiento térmico previo indujo la formación de óxido de cromo y de las espinelas Mn1+xCr2-xO4-x y FeCr2O4 como fases principales en las paredes del sustrato. El espesor de la capa formada es cercano a 1 &#61549;m y los cristales producidos tienen forma octaédrica. El cubrimiento de alúmina presentó en general una apariencia homogénea, sin interacción con los óxidos formados durante el tratamiento. El Pt se distribuyó de manera uniforme, resultando un catalizador muy activo para la reacción test elegida: oxidación de monóxido de carbono.","palabras_clave":"catalizador estructurado|espuma metálica|Pt\/Al2O3|oxidación de CO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112862,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Luminescence Sensors Applied to Water Analysis of Organic Pollutants-An Update","resumen":"The development of chemical sensors for environmental analysis based on fluorescence, phosphorescence and chemiluminescence signals continues to be a dynamic topic within the sensor field. This review covers the fundamentals of this type of sensors, and an update on recent works devoted to quantifying organic pollutants in environmental waters, focusing on advances since about 2005. Among the wide variety of these contaminants, special attention has been paid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, explosives and emerging organic pollutants. The potential of coupling optical sensors with multivariate calibration methods in order to improve the selectivity is also discussed.","palabras_clave":"SENSORES ÓPTICOS|CONTAMINANTES|AGUAS NATURALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112863,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemometrics assisted fluorimetry for the rapid and selective determination of heavy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated river waters and activated sludges","resumen":"The most concerned polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, chrysene,benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene and benz[a]anthracene were simultaneously determined in the presence of other 10interfering PAHs, applying second-order multivariate calibration to the data obtained with a flow-through optosensor interfaced to afast-scanning spectrofluorimeter. Using a sample volume of 2.5 mL, detection limits in the range 5-115 ng L-1 were obtained ininterfering samples, with a sample frequency of ca. 15 samples per hour, and with a minimum use of organic solvents, competing veryfavorably with chromatographic methods. The significance of this study lies in the solution of the quantitative analysis problem of sixPAHs in real matrices of unknown composition. The unfolded partial least-squares\/residual bilinearization (U-PLS\/RBL)algorithm showed the best performance in resolving the complex studied system.","palabras_clave":"POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS|FLUORESCENCE|OPTOSENSOR|CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112864,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Carácter, misión y dinastía reales en los rituales de consagración de reyes y emperadores del Alto Medioevo","resumen":"En numerosas ocasiones, los rituales de consagración de reyes y emperadores han probado ser una fuente notable que revela facetas insospechadas de la cosmovisión política del Alto Medioevo occidental. En el presente trabajo, la atención estará centrada en dos aspectos que salen al encuentro no bien se toma contacto con dichos textos: el importante rol que cumple la familia real en la concepción del poder y la función del propio ritual como dispensador de la facultad para engendrar soberanos. Ambos aspectos se encuentran íntimamente relacionados con el modo de comprender el rol que el soberano debía desempeñar ante sus súbditos y, por ello, no pueden ser considerados sin realizar, así mismo, una obligada referencia a lo que los propios rituales expresan acerca de la misión del rey. La revista se encuentra indizada en SCOPUS, ERIH Plus, REDIB, DOAJ, Gale, Latindex Catálogo, Regesta Imperii","palabras_clave":"LITURGIA|FILOSOFÍA POLÍTICA|ALTA EDAD MEDIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112865,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Outermost and Inner-Shell Electronic Properties of ClC(O)SCH2CH3  Studied Using HeI Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Synchrotron Radiation","resumen":"A study of valence electronic properties of S-ethyl chlorothioformate (S-ethyl chloromethanethioate), ClC(O)SCH2CH3, using HeI photoelectron spectra (PES) and synchrotron radiation is presented. Moreover, the photon impact excitation and dissociation dynamics of ClC(O)SCH2CH3 excited at the S 2p and Cl 2p levels are elucidated by analyzing the total ion yield (TIY) spectra and time-of-flight mass spectra acquired in multicoincidence mode [photoelectronphotoion coincidence (PEPICO) and photoelectronphotoionphotoion coincidence (PEPIPICO)]. The HeI photoelectron spectrum is dominated by features associated with lone-pair electrons from the ClC(O)S\u2014 group, the HOMO at 9.84 eV being assigned to the n&#960;(S) sulfur lone-pair orbital.Whereas the formation of C2H5 þ ion dominates the fragmentation in the valence energy region, the most abundant ion formed in both the S and Cl 2p energy ranges is C2H3 þ. Comparison with related XC(O)SR (X = H, F, Cl and R =\u2014CH3,\u2014C2H5) species reveals the impact of the alkyl chain on the photodissociation behavior of S-alkyl (halo)thioformates.","palabras_clave":"Sychrotron radiation|photoelectron spectroscopy|Valence electronic structure|Inner shell electrons"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112866,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ground- and space-based GPS data ingestion into the NeQuick model","resumen":"This paper presents a technique for ingesting  ground- and space-based dual-frequency GPS observations  into a semi-empirical global electron density model. The  NeQuick-2 model is used as the basis for describing the  global electron density distribution. This model is mainly  driven by the F2 ionosphere layer parameters (i.e. the electron  density, Nm F2, and the height, hm F2 of the F2 peak),  which, in the absence of directly measured values, are computed  from the ITU-R database (ITU-R 1997). This database  was established using observations collected from 1954  to 1958 by a network of around 150 ionospheric sounders  with uneven global coverage. It allows computing monthly  median values of Nm F2 and hm F2 (intra-month variations  are averaged), for low and high solar activity. For intermediate  solar activity a linear interpolation must be performed.  Ground-based GNSS observations from a global network  of &#8764;350 receivers are pre-processed in order to retrieve  slant total electron content (sTEC) information, and spacebased  GPS observations (radio occultation data from the  FORMOSAT-3\/COSMIC constellation) are pre-processed  to retrieve electron density (ED) information. Both, sTEC  and ED are ingested into the NeQuick-2 model in order to  adapt Nm F2 and hm F2, and reduce simultaneously both, the  observed minus computed sTEC and ED differences. The  first experimental results presented in this paper suggest that  the data ingestion technique is self consistent and able to  reduce the observed minus computed sTEC and ED differences  to &#8764;25?30% of the values computed from the ITUR  database. Although sTEC and ED are both derived from  GPS observations, independent algorithm and models are  used to compute their values from ground-based GPS observations  and space-basedFORMOSAT-3\/COSMIC radio occultations.  This fact encourages us to pursue this research with  the aim to improve the results presented here and assess their  accuracy in a reliable way.","palabras_clave":"Ionosphere|GPS|FORMOSAT-3\/COSMIC|NeQuick-2|ITU-R-database|Data ingestion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112867,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Accuracy assessment of the GPS-TEC calibration constants by means of a simulation technique","resumen":"During the last two decades, Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements have become a very important data-source for ionospheric studies. However, it is not a direct and easy task to obtain accurate ionospheric information from these measurements because it is necessary to perform a careful estimation of the calibration constants affecting the GPS observations, the so-called differential code biases (DCBs). In this paper, the most common approximations used in several GPS calibration methods, e.g. the La Plata Ionospheric Model (LPIM), are applied to a set of specially computed synthetic slant Total Electron Content datasets to assess the accuracy of the DCB estimation in a global scale scenario. These synthetic datasets were generated using a modified version of the NeQuick model, and have two important features: they show a realistic temporal and spatial behavior and all a-priori DCBs are set to zero by construction. Then, after the application of the calibration method the deviations from zero of the estimated DCBs are direct indicators of the accuracy of the method. To evaluate the effect of the solar activity radiation level the analysis was performed for years 2001 (high solar activity) and 2006 (low solar activity). To take into account seasonal changes of the ionosphere behavior, the analysis was repeated for three consecutive days close to each equinox and solstice of every year. Then, a data package comprising 24 days from approximately 200 IGS permanent stations was processed. In order to avoid unwanted geomagnetic storms effects, the selected days correspond to periods of quiet geomagnetic conditions. The most important results of this work are: i) the estimated DCBs can be affected by errors around 8 TECu for high solar activity and 3 TECu for low solar activity; and ii) DCB errors present a systematic behavior depending on the modip coordinate, that is more evident for the positive modip region.","palabras_clave":"GPS|Differential Code Biases (DCB)|sTEC|Ionosphere"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112868,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Simulation study of the Influence of the ionospheric layer height in the thin layer ionospheric model","resumen":"This work aims to contribute to the understanding of the influence of the ionospheric layer height (ILH) on the thin layer ionospheric model (TLIM) used to retrieve ionospheric information from the GNSS observations. Particular attention is paid to the errors caused on the estimation of the vertical total electron content (vTEC) and the GNSS satellites and receivers inter-frequency biases (IFB), by the use of an inappropriate ILH. The work relies upon numerical simulations performed with an empirical model of the Earth\u2019s ionosphere: the model is used to create realistic but controlled ionospheric scenarios and the errors are evaluated after recovering those scenarios with the TLIM. The error assessment is performed in the Central and the northern part of the South American continents, a region where large errors are expected due to the combined actions of the Appleton Anomaly of the ionosphere and the South-Atlantic anomaly of the geomagnetic field. According to this study, there does not exist a unique ILH that cancels the vTEC error for the whole region under consideration. The ILH that cancels the regional mean vTEC error varies with the solar activity and season. The latitude-dependent conversion error propagates to the parameters of the model used to represent the latitudinal variation on the vTEC on the ionospheric layer, and to the IFB, when these values are simultaneously estimated from the observed sTEC. Besides, the ILH that cancels the regional mean vTEC error is different from the one that cancels the IFB error and the difference between both ILH varies with the solar activity and season. ","palabras_clave":"thin layer ionospheric model,  |ionospheric layer height,|mapping function| GNSS vTEC."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112869,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"StCDPK2 expression and activity reveals a highly responsive potato calcium dependent protein kinase involved in light signalling","resumen":"Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are essential calcium sensors. In this work, we have studied StCDPK2 isoform from potato both at gene and protein level. StCdpk2 genomic sequence contains eight exons and seven introns, as was observed for StCdpk1. There is one copy of the gene per genome located in chromosome 7. StCDPK2 encodes an active CDPK of 515 aminoacids, with an apparent MW of 57 kDa, which presents myristoylation and palmitoylation consensus in its N-terminus. StCDPK2 is highly expressed in leaves and green sprouts; enhanced expression was detected under light treatment, which corresponds well with light responsive cis-acting elements found in its promoter sequence. Antibodies against the recombinant StCDPK2::6xHis protein detected this isoform in soluble and particulate fractions from leaves. StCDPK2 autophosphorylation and kinase activity are both calcium dependent reaching half maximal activation at 0.6 µM calcium. The active kinase is autophosphorylated on serine and tyrosine residues and its activity is negatively modulated by phosphatidic acid (PA). Our results reveal StCDPK2 as a signaling element involved in plant growth and development and show that its activity is tightly regulated.&nbsp; &nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION|CDPK|LIGHT|PHOSPHOLIPIDS|SOLANUM TUBEROSUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112870,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Forage production in natural and afforested grasslands of the Pampas: ecological complementarity and management opportunities","resumen":"In managedrangelands periods of low primary productivity determine troughs of forage availability,constraining animal production yearround. Although alternative tools toincrease forage availability during critical seasons exists, most of them areunaffordable and short-lived in marginal areas. We explore the potentialbenefits of deciduous tree plantations favoring winter forage productivity bycomparing aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) patterns in herbaceousunderstory to tree plantations and natural grasslands in the Pampas (Argentina).These temperate subhumid grasslands are characterized by the coexistence ofwinter species, mainly C3 grasses of the native genera Stipa, Piptochaetium,and Bromus and the exotic genera Lolium and Festuca) and summer species (mainlyC4 grasses of the native genera Paspalum, Bothriochloa, and Stenotaphrum) thatreplace each other throughout the seasons, with domination of the latter. Wehypothesize that the natural decoupling of growing seasons between winter deciduoustrees and winter grasses could provide the basis for the sustainable promotionof winter forage. We measured ANPP on two 23-year-old Populus deltoidesplantations and their understory and compared them with adjacent opengrasslands. Afforested stands had 55\u201375% higher annual ANPP than theirnon-afforested neighbors, with trees contributing *70% to total ANPP.Herbaceous canopies beneath plantations achieved about half of the ANPPobserved in nonafforested situations with a contrasting seasonal distributionassociated with shifts from C4 to C3 grass dominance. Winter ANPP, the mostcritical source of forage in these grazing systems, was similar or higher inthe herbaceous understory of tree plantations to that on their non-afforestedcounterparts, suggesting that mixed systems involving deciduous trees andunderstory pastures are a valid and viable option in the region.","palabras_clave":"Aboveground net primary productivity|Flooding Pampas|Silvopastoral system|C3 and C4 grasses"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112871,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Native Forests and Agriculture in Salta (Argentina): Conflicting Visions of Development","resumen":"Despite much deforestation in the past, the northwestern Argentinean province of Salta still has more than 6 million hectares of native forests. Land use conversion for agriculture is threatening these forests and the survival of indigenous populations and small-scale farmers. In November 2007, Argentina?s National Congress passed a law to regulate the management and conservation of native forests. This ?Forest Law? required provincial governments to implement comprehensive and participatory Land Use Planning Processes (LUPPs). In this article, we describe and analyze, within a political ecology framework, the LUPP carried out in Salta. We focus on the conflicts derived from the different visions of development held by the interest groups involved, and we highlight some contradictions between their discourses and practices. We argue that ?development? or ?progress,? understood as a process of wealth and power accumulation linked to the possession of land and the production of agricultural commodities, was the leading ideology of political and economic elites in Salta during the LUPP. This ideology, and the established institutional power system behind it, was challenged when the National Supreme Court of Justice decided to suspend logging and deforestation activities on land claimed by marginalized ethnic and socioeconomic groups. We assess the implications of this ruling for the conservation of native forests and local livelihoods. As the final outcome of this case is still uncertain, a number of possible scenarios are presented and discussed.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|DEFORESTATION|DEVELOPMENT PARADIGMS|NATIVE FORESTS|SALTA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112872,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Eficiencia en el uso de la radiación y productividad primaria en recursos forrajeros del este de Uruguay","resumen":"La productividad primaria neta aérea (PPNA) es uno de los atributos ecosistémicos más importantes, siendo el principal control de la carga ganadera en pastizales. Tradicionalmente se ha estimado a partir de cortes periódicos de biomasa. La información espectral permite estimar la PPNA a bajo costo y en tiempo real sobre áreas extensas. Para ello se requiere la calibración de modelos que relacionen información espectral con la PPNA estimada mediante cortes de biomasa a campo, cuantificando un factor clave en esta relación: la eficiencia de conversión de la radiación en biomasa (Eficiencia en el Uso de la Radiación: EUR). En estetrabajo combinamos datos de PPNA estimada a campo, con datos obtenidos de imágenes de satélite y estaciones meteorológicas, para estimar EUR y generar modelos de estimación de la PPNA en tiempo real en pastizales naturales con y sin siembras en cobertura de leguminosas, en la región de Sierras y Lomadas del Este. La EUR para pastizales naturales fue de 0,24 g MS\/MJ (Materia Seca\/Mega Joules), mientras que en los sitios intersembrados la EUR fue aproximadamente el doble, dependiendo del sistema analizado. Los modelos para estimar PPNA explicaron el 70 y 58% de la varianza de los datos (p<0,001), con r2 de predicción de 0,67 y 0,55 (p<0,001), para pastizales naturales e intersiembras respectivamente.","palabras_clave":"TELEDETECCIÓN|URUGUAY|PASTIZALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112873,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Two phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases coexist in the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism plant Ananas comosus. Isolation and characterization of the smaller 65 kDa form","resumen":"Two phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK, EC 4.1.1.49) isoforms of 74 and 65 kDa were found tocoexist in vivo in pineapple leaves, a constitutive Crassulacean Acid Metabolism plant. The 65 kDa formwas not the result of proteolytic cleavage of the larger form since extraction methods reported to preventPEPCK proteolysis in other plant tissues failed to yield a single immunoreactive PEPCK polypeptide in leafextracts. In this work, the smaller form of 65 kDa was purified to homogeneity and physically andkinetically characterized and showed parameters compatible with a fully active enzyme. The specificactivity was nearly twice higher for decarboxylation of oxaloacetate when compared to carboxylation ofphosphoenolpyruvate. Kinetic parameters fell within the range of those estimated for other plantPEPCKs. Its activity was affected by several metabolites, as shown by inhibition by 3-phosphoglycerate,citrate, malate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, L-asparagine and activation of the decarboxylating activity bysuccinate. A break in the Arrhenius plot at about 30 C indicates that PEPCK structure is responsive tochanges in temperature. The results indicate that pineapple leaves contain two PEPCK forms. Thebiochemical characterization of the smaller isoform performed in this work suggests that it couldparticipate in both carbon and nitrogen metabolism in vivo by acting as a decarboxylase.","palabras_clave":"Pineapple|Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase|Carbon metabolism|Proteolysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112874,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The truck-driver effect in leaf-cutting ants: how individual load influences the walking speed of nest-mates","resumen":"The foraging behaviour of social insects is highly flexible because it  depends on the interplay between individual and collective decisions. In ants that use foraging trails, high ant flow may entail traffic problems if different workers vary widely in their walking speed. Slow ants carrying extra-large loads in the leaf-cutting ant Atta cephalotes L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are characterized as \u2018highly-laden\u2019 ants, and their effect on delaying other laden ants is analyzed. Highly-laden ants carry loads that are 100% larger and show a 50% greater load-carrying capacity (i.e. load size\/body size) than \u2018ordinary-laden\u2019 ants. Field manipulations reveal that these slow ants carrying extra-large loads can reduce the walking speed of the laden ants behind  them by up to 50%. Moreover, the percentage of highly-laden ants decreases at high ant flow. Because the delaying effect of highly-laden ants on nest-mates is enhanced at high traffic levels, these results suggest that load size might be adjusted to reduce the negative effect on the rate of foraging input to the colony. Several causes have been  proposed to explain why leaf-cutting ants cut and carry leaf fragments of sizes below their individual capacities. The avoidance of delay in laden nest-mates is suggested as another novel factor related to traffic flow that also might affect load size selection The results of the presennt study illustrate how leaf-cutting ants are able to reduce  their individual carrying performance to maximize the overall colony performance.","palabras_clave":"ant behaviour|ant traffic|Atta cephalotes|Costa Rica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112875,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Putting plant resistance traits on the map: A test of the  idea that plants are better defended at lower latitudes","resumen":"\u2022 It has long been believed that plant species from the tropics have higher levels oftraits associated with resistance to herbivores than do species from higher latitudes.A meta-analysis recently showed that the published literature does notsupport this theory. However, the idea has never been tested using data gatheredwith consistent methods from a wide range of latitudes.\u2022 We quantified the relationship between latitude and a broad range of chemicaland physical traits across 301 species from 75 sites world-wide.\u2022 Six putative resistance traits, including tannins, the concentration of lipids (anindicator of oils, waxes and resins), and leaf toughness were greater in highlatitudespecies. Six traits, including cyanide production and the presence of spines,were unrelated to latitude. Only ash content (an indicator of inorganic substancessuch as calcium oxalates and phytoliths) and the properties of species with delayedgreening were higher in the tropics.\u2022 Our results do not support the hypothesis that tropical plants have higher levelsof resistance traits than do plants from higher latitudes. If anything, plants havehigher resistance toward the poles. The greater resistance traits of high-latitudespecies might be explained by the greater cost of losing a given amount of leaftissue in low-productivity environments.","palabras_clave":"global patterns|latitude|leaf size|leaf toughness|lipid|plant traits|plant animal interactions|tannin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112876,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Exotic thistles increase native ant abundance through the maintenance of enhanced aphid populations","resumen":"Exotic species change the structure and composition of invaded communities in multiple ways, but the sign of their impact              on native species is still controversial. We evaluated the effects of the thistles Carduus thoermeri and Onopordum acanthium\u2014two   of the most abundant exotic plant species in disturbed areas of the   Patagonian steppe\u2014on the native tending ant assemblage.              Exotic thistles showed an increased number of plants with   aphids and had greater aphid density than native plants. Since native              tending ants were present only in plants with aphids, their   abundance was higher in infested thistles than in native plants.              Path analyses confirmed that ant activity depended more on   aphid density than on thistle traits. Our results suggest that              the presence of exotic thistles in disturbed areas of NW   Patagonia indirectly benefit the native ant assemblage through the              maintenance of an increased aphid population. This   illustrates how the impact of exotic on native species can depend on the              ecological context.","palabras_clave":"APHIDS|ANTS|FACILITATIVE INTERACTIONS|EXOTIC SPECIES|THISTLES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112877,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"¿Qué estimula y qué selecciona el sistema científi co argentino? Ampliando el debate. Respuesta a Galetto","resumen":"Se describe los motivos por los cuales el sistema científico actual a veces promueve ciertas actividades en los científicos pero luego premia a otras, respondiendo a las críticas y observaciones del artículo original (Farji-Brener & Ruggiero 2010, Ecología Austral) que le hiciera L. Galetto.","palabras_clave":"SISTEMA CIENTÍFICO|INVESTIGACIÓN|PROMOCIÓN|ACADEMIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112878,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of Arabinofuranose Branched Galactofuran Tetrasaccharides, Constituents of Mycobacterial Arabinogalactan","resumen":"Mycolyl-arabinogalactan (mAG) complex is a major component of the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis disease. Due to the essentiality of the cell wall for mycobacterium viability, knowledge of the biosynthesis of the arabinogalactan is crucial for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this context, we have synthesized two new branched arabinogalactafuranose tetrasaccharides, decenyl b-D-Galf-(1?¨5)-b-D-Galf-(1?¨6)[a-D-Araf(1?¨5)]-b-D-Galf (1) and decenyl b-D-Galf-(1?¨6)-[a-D-Araf-(1?¨5)]-b-D-Galf-(1?¨5)-b-D-Galf (2), as interesting tools for arabinofuranosyl transferases studies. The aldonolactone strategy for the introduction of the internal D-Galf was employed, allowing the construction of oligosaccharides from the non-reducing to the reducing end. Moreover, a one pot procedure was developed for the synthesis of trisaccharide lactone 21, precursor of 2, which involved a glycosylation-deprotection-glycosylation sequence, through the use of TMSOTf as catalyst of the trichloroacetimidate method as well as promoter of TBDMS deprotection.","palabras_clave":"MYCOBACTERIUM|GALACTOFURANOSE|ONE-POT GLYCOSYLATION|GLYCOSYLATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112879,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Above threshold ionization of atoms by resonant XUV laser pulses","resumen":"Above-threshold ionization of atoms by XUV short laser pulses with frequenciesclose to the resonant 1s-2p transition is investigated. We present a theory based on a variationalexpression using trial wave functions for the final and the initial states. For the former weuse a Coulomb-Volkov wave function, and for the latter a close-coupling solution of the timedependent Schr¨odinger equation considering a few bound states. The close-coupling Coulomb-Volkov theory, fully accounting for the important 1s-2p transition, explains the photoelectronspectrum as well the total ionization cross sections for the resonant case. We also comparethe partial wave populations and angular distributions given by the theory with the numericalsolutions of the time-dependent Schr¨odinger equation.","palabras_clave":"multiphoton ionization|short laser pulses|resonances"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112880,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synchronization in Scale Free networks with degree correlation","resumen":"In this work, we study the effects of embedding a system of non-linear phase oscillators in a two-dimensional scale-free lattice. In order to analyze the effects of the embedding, we consider two different topologies. On the one hand, we consider a scale-free complex network where no constraint on the length of the links is taken into account. On the other hand, we use a method recently introduced for embedding scale-free networks in regular Euclidean lattices. In this case, the embedding is driven by a natural constraint of minimization of the total length of the links in the system. We analyze and compare the synchronization properties of a system of non-linear Kuramoto phase oscillators, when interactions between the oscillators take place in these networks. First, we analyze the behavior of the Kuramoto order parameter and show that the onset of synchronization is lower for non-constrained lattices. Then, we consider the behavior of the mean frequency of the oscillators as a function of the natural frequency for the two different networks and also for different values of the scale-free exponent. We show that, in contrast to nonembedded lattices that present a mean-field-like behavior characterized by the presence of a single cluster of synchronized oscillators, in embedded lattices the presence of a diversity of synchronized clusters at different mean frequencies can be observed. Finally, by considering the behavior of the mean frequency as a function of the degree, we study the role of hubs in the synchronization properties of the system.","palabras_clave":"Redes Complejas |Sincronización |Osciladores Acoplados"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112881,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quarantine generated phase transition in epidemic spreading","resumen":"We study the critical effect of quarantine on the propagation of epidemics on an adaptive network of social contacts. For this purpose, we analyze the susceptible-infected-recovered model in the presence of quarantine, where susceptible individuals protect themselves by disconnecting their links to infected neighbors with probability w and reconnecting them to other susceptible individuals chosen at random. Starting from a single infected individual, we show by an analytical approach and simulations that there is a phase transition at a critical rewiring (quarantine) threshold wc separating a phase (w < wc ) where the disease reaches a large fraction of the population from a phase (w wc ) where the disease does not spread out. We find that in our model the topology of the network strongly affects the size of the propagation and that wc increases with the mean degree and heterogeneity of the network. We also find that wc is reduced if we perform a preferential rewiring, in which the rewiring probability is proportional to the degree of infected nodes.","palabras_clave":"Disease spreading|Complex networks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112882,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of degree correlations above the first shell on the percolation transition","resumen":"The use of degree-degree correlations to model realistic networks which arecharacterized by their Pearson\u2019s coefficient, has become widespread. However the effect on howdifferent correlation algorithms produce different results on processes on top of them, has notyet been discussed. In this letter, using different correlation algorithms to generate assortativenetworks, we show that for very assortative networks the behavior of the main observables inpercolation processes depends on the algorithm used to build the network. The different alghoritmsused here introduce different inner structures that are missed in Pearson\u2019s coefficient. We explainthe different behaviors through a generalization of Pearson\u2019s coefficient that allows to study thecorrelations at chemical distances &#8467; from a root node. We apply our findings to real networks.","palabras_clave":"COMPLEX NETWORKS|DEGREE-DEGREE CORRELATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112883,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Emergence of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Syncytial Variants With Altered Virulence for Mice After Selection With a Natural Carrageenan","resumen":"Background: Antiviral therapy against herpes simplex virus based on sulfated polysaccharides, like carrageenans, represents a new alternative for genital herpes infections treatment and arises the concern about the appearance of resistant viral populations.Methods: We characterized the F strain of herpes simplex virus-1 passaged in the presence of a natural carrageenan isolated from the red seaweed Gigartina skottbergii in view of the virulence for mice of isolated viral clones.Results: Viral clones (syn14-1 and syn17-2) showed a syncytial phenotype and a mild resistance to carrageenan, heparin, acyclovir, and brivudine. Both clones were avirulent for BALB\/c mice when inoculated intravaginally, whereas F strain produced high mortality. Attenuation correlated with low levels of TNF-á, interleukin-6, and IFN-ã in vaginal lavages although virus titers were similar to those obtained for F strain. On the contrary, they showed a marked virulence when inoculated intranasally leading to a generalized spreading of virus.Conclusions: Results confirm the hypothesis that selection of herpes simplex virus-1 with a carrageenan in vitro leads to the emergence of variants with a differential virulence when compared to the original virus. This finding should be addressed when an antiviral therapy against genital herpes infection employing a natural carrageenan is under consideration.","palabras_clave":"HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1|CARRAGEENAN|SYNCYTIAL VARIANTS|VIRULENCE FOR MICE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112884,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Favourably orienting recombinant proteins to develop amperometric biosensors to diagnose chagas disease","resumen":"Clinical immunoassays often display suitable sensitivity but somelack of specificity or vice versa. As a tradeoff between specificity improvement and sensitivity loss, biosensors were designed to perform indirect immunoassays with amperometric detection using tailor-made chimeric receptors to react with the analyte, specific anti-Trypanosoma cruzi immunoglobulin G (IgG). Recombinant chimeras were designed to favor their oriented covalent attachment. This allows the chimeras to properly expose their epitopes, to efficiently capture the analyte, and to withstand severe chemical treatment to reuse the biosensors. By further binding the secondary antibody, horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgG, in the presence of the soluble mediator and the enzyme substrate, a current that increased with the analyte concentration was measured.Biosensors using the chimeric constructions showed 100% specificity with samples that had revealed false-positive results when using other bioreceptors. A protein bearing a poly-Lys chain and thioredoxin as directing elements displayed the highest signal-to-noise ratio (P < 0.05). The limit of detection was 62 ng ml-1, which is eight times lower than that obtained with a currently used commercial Chagas enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Reusability of the biosensor was assessed. The signal was approximately 80% of the original one after performing 10 consecutive determinations","palabras_clave":"Molecule directed attachment|Chagas disease biosensor|American trypanosomiasis biosensor|chimeric protein|amperometric biosensor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112885,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Non-Phosphorylating Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase is Phosphorylated in Wheat Endosperm at Ser-404 by a SNF1-Related Protein Kinase Allosterically Inhibited by Ribose-5-Phosphate","resumen":"Ver adjunto    ","palabras_clave":"Plant |wheat|GAPN|GAPC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112886,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unfolded partial least-squares with residual quadrilinearization: A new multivariate algorithm for processing five-way data achieving the second-order advantage. Application to fourth-order excitation-emission-kinetic-pH fluorescence analytical data","resumen":"Unfolded partial least-squares in combination with residual quadrilinearization (U-PLS\/RQL), is developed as aew latent structured algorithm for the processing of fourth-order instrumental data. In order to check its analytical predictive ability, fluorescence excitation-emission-kinetic-pH data were measured and processed. The concentration of the fluorescent pesticide carbaryl was determined in the presence of the pesticides fuberidazole and thiabendazole as uncalibrated interferents, in the first example of fourth-order multivariate calibration. The hydrolysis of the analyte was followed at different pH values using a fast-scanning spectro fluorimeter, recording the excitation-emission fluorescence matrices during its evolution to produce 1-naphthol, which does also emit fluorescence. A set of test samples containing the above mentioned fluorescent contaminants was analyzed with the new model, comparing the results with those from parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). The newly developed U-PLS\/RQL model provides betterfigures of merit for analyte quantitation (average prediction error, 7&#956;g\/L, relative prediction error, 5%, calibration range, 50\u2013250 &#956;g\/L), and is considerably simpler than PARAFAC in  its implementation. The latter, however, furnishes important physicochemical information regarding the chemical process under study, although this requires the data to be unfolded into an array of lower dimensions, due to the lack of quadrilinearity of the experimental data.","palabras_clave":"Quimica Analitica|Quimiometria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112887,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of phase transitions from short-time non-equilibrium behaviour","resumen":"We review recent progress in the understanding of phase transitions and critical phenomena,obtained by means of numerical simulations of the early dynamic evolution of systemsprepared at well-specified initial conditions. This field has seen exhaustive scientific researchduring the last decade, when the renormalization-group (RG) theoretical results obtained at theend of the 1980s were applied to the interpretation of dynamic Monte Carlo simulation results.While the original RG theory is restricted to critical phenomena under equilibrium conditions,numerical simulations have been applied to the study of far-from-equilibrium systems,irreversible phase transitions, the investigation of the behaviour of spinodal points close tofirst-order phase transitions and the understanding of the early-time evolution of self-organizedcriticality (SOC) systems when released far form the SOC regime. The present review intendsto provide a comprehensive overview of recent applications to those fields, which can give theflavour of the main ideas, methods and results, and to discuss the directions for further studies.All these numerical results pose new and interesting theoretical challenges that remain as openquestions to be addressed by new research in the forthcoming years.","palabras_clave":"Phase Transitions|Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics|Critical Phenomena"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112888,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new and efficient variable selection algorithm based on ant colony optimization. Applications to near infrared spectroscopy\/ partial least squares analysis","resumen":"A new variable selection algorithm is described, based on ant colony optimization (ACO). The algorithm aim is to choose, from a large number of available spectral wavelengths, those relevant to the estimation of analyte concentrations or sample properties when spectroscopic analysis is combined with multivariate calibration techniques such as partial least-squares (PLS) regression. The new algorithm employs the concept of cooperative pheromone accumulation, which is typical of ACO selection methods, and optimizes PLS models using a pre-defined number of variables, employing a Monte Carlo approach to discard irrelevant sensors. The performance has been tested on a simulated system, where it shows a significant superiority over other commonly employed selection methods, such as genetic algorithms.Several near infrared spectroscopic experimental data sets have been subjected to the present ACO algorithm, with PLS leading to improved analytical figures of merit upon wavelength selection. The method could be helpful in other chemometric activities such as classification or quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) problems.","palabras_clave":"Quimica Analitica|Quimiometria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112889,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oral Administration of Kefiran Induces Changes in the Balance of Immune Cells in a Murine Model","resumen":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the oral administration of kefiran on the balance of immune cells in a murine model. Six week old BALB\/c mice were treated with kefiran (300 mg\/L) for 0, 2 and 7 days. Kefiran treatment increased the number of IgAþcells in lamina propria after 2 and 7 days. Percentage of B220þ\/MHCIIhigh cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (2 days) and Peyer´s patches (7 days) was higher compared to untreated control mice. An increase of macrophages (F4\/80þ cells) was observed in lamina propria and peritoneal cavity (2 and 7 days). In contrast, at day 7, macrophage population decreased in Peyer´s patches. These results show the ability of kefiran to modify the balance of immune cells in intestinal mucosa. This property could be highly relevant for the comprehension of the probiotic effect attributed to kefir.ffect of the oral administration of kefiran on the balance of immune cells in a murine model. Six week old BALB\/c mice were treated with kefiran (300 mg\/L) for 0, 2 and 7 days. Kefiran treatment increased the number of IgAþcells in lamina propria after 2 and 7 days. Percentage of B220þ\/MHCIIhigh cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (2 days) and Peyer´s patches (7 days) was higher compared to untreated control mice. An increase of macrophages (F4\/80þ cells) was observed in lamina propria and peritoneal cavity (2 and 7 days). In contrast, at day 7, macrophage population decreased in Peyer´s patches. These results show the ability of kefiran to modify the balance of immune cells in intestinal mucosa. This property could be highly relevant for the comprehension of the probiotic effect attributed to kefir.","palabras_clave":"kefiran|GALT|macrophages|immune response"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112890,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A similarity law in botanic. The case of hydraulic conductivity of trees","resumen":"The hydraulic conductivity of xylem vascular systems is modelled via the Verhulst differential equation with the introduction of relevant dimensionless quantities. Sap pressure is scaled to the geometrical and elastic properties of the xylem tubes, and cavitation events are considered as a limited growth process. The self-similar solution of Verhulst equation is a sigmoidal function, that is the same empirical correlation used to fit the experimental data. An important result of this approach is to reveal the existence of a control parameter. This number, which embodies morphological and physicochemical properties of vascular system, characterizes the discharge of tense fluids.The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with experimental data.","palabras_clave":"Xylem|Verhulst|hydraulic conductivity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112891,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Small molecule fluorescent probes for the detection of amyloid self-assembly in vitro and in vivo","resumen":"The misfolding and aggregation of amyloidogenic polypeptides are characteristics of many neurodegenerative syndromes including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. There is a major interest in the availability of amyloid-specific probes that exhibit fluorescence properties for its use as reporters of protein aggregation in spectroscopy and microscopy methodologies. In this review we intend to provide an overview of novel fluorescence-based probes and procedures applied for addressing fundamental aspects of amyloid self-assembly in vitro and in vivo. We highlight the utilization in vitro of several small-molecule fluorescent probes as extrinsic and site-specific reporters of amyloid formation, including single-molecule determinations. Detection of amyloid self-assembly employing compounds such as JC-1, DCVJ, ANS derivatives and luminescent conjugated polymers, as well as site-specific probes such as pyrene and ESIPT is discussed. We further review novel fluorescent probes developed for the non-invasive optical imaging of protein aggregates in vivo, including BTA-1, Methoxy-X04, NIAD-4 and CRANAD-2. Availability of increasingly versatile amyloid-specific fluorescent probes is having a very positive impact in the drug discovery and diagnostics fields.","palabras_clave":"FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY|NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES|STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY|BIOSENSORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112892,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SUMOylation pathway in Trypanosoma cruzi: Functional characterization and proteomic analysis of target proteins.","resumen":"SUMOylation is a relevant protein post-translational modification in eukaryotes. The C terminus of proteolytically activated small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is covalently linked to a lysine residue of the target protein by an isopeptide bond, through a mechanism that includes an E1-activating enzyme, an E2-conjugating enzyme, and transfer to the target, sometimes with the assistance of a ligase. The modification is reversed by a protease, also responsible for SUMO maturation. A number of proteins have been identified as SUMO targets, participating in the regulation of cell cycle progression, transcription, translation, ubiquitination, and DNA repair. In this study, we report that orthologous genes corresponding to the SUMOylation pathway are present in the etiological agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. Furthermore, the SUMOylation system is functionally active in this protozoan parasite, having the requirements for SUMO maturation and conjugation. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that T. cruzi SUMO (TcSUMO) is predominantly found in the nucleus. To identify SUMOylation targets and get an insight into their physiological roles we generated transfectant T. cruzi epimastigote lines expressing a double-tagged T. cruzi SUMO, and SUMOylated proteins were enriched by tandem affinity chromatography. By two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry a total of 236 proteins with diverse biological functions were identified as potential T. cruzi SUMO targets. Of these, metacaspase-3 was biochemically validated as a bona fide SUMOylation substrate. Proteomic studies in other organisms have reported that orthologs of putative T. cruzi SUMOylated proteins are similarly modified, indicating conserved functions for protein SUMOylation in this early divergent eukaryote . Molecular &amp; Cellular Proteomics&nbsp; 11: 10.1074\/mcp.M110.007369, 1?13, 2011.","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma cruzi|SUMOilación de proteínas|Análisis proteómico de targets|Caracterización funcional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112893,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hyperosmotic stress induces aquaporin-dependent cell shrinkage, polyphosphate  synthesis, amino acid accumulation and global gene expression changes in Trypanosoma cruzi.","resumen":"The protist parasite Trypanosoma cruzi has evolved the ability to transit between completely different hosts and to replicate in adverse environments. In particular, the epimastigote form, the replicative stage inside the vector, is subjected to nutritional and osmotic stresses during its development. In this work, we describe the biochemical and global gene expression changes of epimastigotes under hyperosmotic conditions. Hyperosmotic stress resulted in cell shrinking within a few minutes. Depending on the medium osmolarity, this was followed by lack of volume recovery for at least 2 h or by slow recovery. Experiments with inhibitors, or with cells in which an aquaporin gene (TcAQP1) was knocked down or overexpressed, revealed its importance for the cellular response to hyperosmotic stress. Furthermore, the adaptation to this new environment was shown to involve the regulation of the polyphosphate polymerization state as well as changes in amino acid catabolism to generate compatible osmolytes. A genome-wide transcriptional analysis of stressed parasites revealed down-regulation of genes belonging to diverse functional categories and up-regulation of genes encoding trans-sialidase-like and ribosomal proteins. Several of these changes were confirmed by Northern blot analyses. Sequence analysis of the 3'UTRs of up- and down-regulated genes allowed the identification of conserved structural RNA motifs enriched in each group, suggesting that specific ribonucleoprotein complexes could be of great importance in the adaptation of this parasite to different environments through regulation of transcript abundance.","palabras_clave":"CALCIUM|OSMOREGULATION|TRYPANOSOMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112894,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nuclear factor (NF)-&#954;B controls expression of the immunoregulatory glycan-binding protein galectin-1","resumen":"The inflammatory response is a self-limiting process which involves the   sequential activation of signaling pathways leading to the production of   both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an   endogenous lectin found in peripheral lymphoid organs and inflammatory   sites, elicits a broad spectrum of biological functions predominantly by   acting as a potent anti-inflammatory factor and as a suppressive agent   for T-cell responses. However, the molecular pathways underlying Gal-1   expression and function remain poorly understood. Here we identified a   regulatory loop linking Gal-1 expression and function to NF-kB   activation. NF-kB-activating stimuli increased Gal-1 expression on T   cells, an effect which could be selectively prevented by inhibitors of   NF-kB signaling. Accordingly, transient transfection of the p65 subunit   of NF-kB was sufficient to induce high Gal-1 expression. Using in silico   studies and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis we have identified a   functional NF-kB binding site within the first intron of the LGALS1   gene. In addition, our results show that exogenous Gal-1 can attenuate   NF-kB activation, as shown by inhibition of IkB-a degradation induced by   pro-inflammatory stimuli, higher cytoplasmic retention of p65, lower   NF-kB DNA binding activity and impaired transcriptional activation of   target genes. The present study suggest a novel regulatory loop by which   NF-kB induces expression of Gal-1, which in turn may lead to negative   control of NF-kB signaling.","palabras_clave":"NFkB|SIGNALING|GALECTIN-1|INFLAMATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112895,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Premalignant quiescent melanocytic nevi do not express the MHC class I chain-related protein A","resumen":"The MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) is an inducible molecule almost not expressed by normal cells but strongly up-regulated in tumor cells. MICA-expressing cells are recognized bynatural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ abTCR and gdTCR T lymphocytes through the NKG2D receptor. Engagement of NKG2D by MICA triggers IFN-g secretion and cytotoxicity against malignant cells. Although most solid tumors express MICA and this molecule is a target during immune surveillance against tumors, it has been observed that high grade tumors from different histotypes express low amounts of cell surface MICA due to a metalloprotease- induced shedding. Also, melanomas develop after a complex process of neotransformation of normal melanocytes. However, the expression of MICA in premalignant stages (primary human quiescent melanocyticnevi) remains unknown. Here, we assessed expression of MICA by flow cytometry using cell&nbsp; suspensions from 15 primary nevi isolated from 11 patients. When collected material was abundant, cell lysates were prepared and MICA expression was also analyzed by Western blot. We observed that MICA was undetectable in the 15 primary nevi (intradermic, junction, mixed, lentigo and congenital samples) as well as in normal skin, benign lesions (seborrheic keratosis), premalignant lesions (actinic keratosis) and benign basocellular cancer. Conversely, a primary recently diagnosed melanoma showed intense cell surface MICA. We conclude that the onsetof MICA expression is a tightly regulated process that occurs after melanocytes trespass the stage of malignant transformation. Thus, analysis of MICA expression in tissue sections of skin samples may constitute a useful marker to differentiate between benign and malignant nevi.","palabras_clave":"MICA|MELANOMA|NEVI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112896,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural Properties and Reduction Behavior of Novel Nanostructured Pd\/Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Catalysts with Tubular Morphology","resumen":"In thiswork, nanostructured 1 wt % Pd\/Gd2O3-CeO2 (Pd\/GDC)mixed oxide tubes with 90 mol % CeO2 were synthesized following a verysimple, high yield procedure, and their properties were characterized by synchrotronradiation XRD, by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), and byscanning and high resolution electron microscopy (SEM and HRTEM). In situ XANESexperiments were carried out under reducing conditions to investigate thereduction behavior of these novel tubular materials.The nanostructured mixed oxide tubes were found to have a cubic crystal phase (Fm3mspace group) and large specific surface area (83 m2 g-1).The tubewalls were composed of nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of about8 nm. The SEM and HRTEM results showed that individual tubes were composed of acurved sheet of these nanoparticles.Elementalanalysis showed that Ce\/Gd\/Pd ratios appeared to be constant across space,suggesting compositional homogeneity in the samples. XANES results indicatedthat the extent of reduction of these materials was small. Nevertheless, the Ce3+state was detected.These results suggest that Pd cations, most likely Pd2+, formed a Pd-Ce-Gdoxide solid solution and that the Pd2+ was stabilized againstreduction in this phase. However, incorporation of the Pd (1 wt %) into thecrystal lattice of the nanostructured tubes alsoappeared to destabilize Ce4+, favoring reduction to Ce3+ andgiving rise to a significant increase in the reducibility of this material.Preliminary catalytic studies over Pd\/GDC samples exhibited an improvedcatalytic activity toward CH4 oxidation compared topure GDC (either nanotubes or nanopowders).","palabras_clave":"ceria gadolinia|X-ray absorption spectroscopy|Nanotubes|Solid oxide fuel cell"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112897,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular characterization of Cystoisospora belli and unizoite tissue cyst in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","resumen":"  Cystoisospora belli is a coccidian protozoan that can cause chronic diarrhoea, acalculous cholecystitis and cholangiopathy in AIDS patients. We applied molecular methods to identify Cystoisospora at species level in AIDS patients presenting with and without the presence of unizoites in lamina propria. Coprological and histological analyses were performed in stool and\/or biopsy samples from 8 Cystoisospora-infected patients. DNA from the same samples was used to amplify 2 fragments of the SSU-rRNA gene and the ITS-1 region. Sequencing of the resulting amplicons identified C. belli infections in all cases, independent of the presence or absence of unizoite tissue cysts. Further work should be considered in order to find molecular targets related to strain variations in C. belli.      ","palabras_clave":"Cystoisospora belli|AIDS|PCR|Unizoite tissue cyst"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112898,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Búsqueda bibliográfica de casos humanos con Fasciola hepatica en Argentina","resumen":"The case series published in Argentina referred to human cases that presented fasciolosis is scarce. As a cause of not being a notificable disease, only isolated cases are reported and epidemiological and ecosystem details are not investigated. Who detected a case is not required to inform it, and on the other hand not all cases diagnosed are published. Besides the lack of diagnostic techniques in most health networks complicates the detection of infection and promotes the understated. The aim of this study was to report the number of published human cases with fascioliasis in Argentina from 1950 to 2010. It was performed a bibliographical search in the databases of the Science and Technology Secretary, in libraries of universities and major scientific institutes of the country. There were found presentations of 218 infected people since the first description made in Resistencia, Chaco until the publication of cases in Catamarca. In discrimination cases, female gender (54,66%) was significantly more frequent than among men. Of the total found, six patient (4%) had an acute process, and 144 correspond to chronic illness. Six provinces reported sick; Catamarca is that with greater number of cases. In the bibliographic tonnage carried, with exception of some imprecise data in the province of Cordoba, the number of diagnosed patients is low. Despite the number of total cases reported in the country confirm that it is a secondary or occasional zoonosis, and that it does not exist a close relationship between animal and human high incidence, the substantial increase in the number of infected warrants a change in category transforming it in a serious public health problem in some regions.","palabras_clave":"FASCIOLA HEPATICA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112899,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multi-Elemental Analysis and Classification of Amaranth Seeds According To Their Botanical Origin","resumen":"The characterization of amaranth seeds (Amaranthus spp.) was developed for Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Amaranthus cruentus, and Amaranthus dubius. The elemental concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma optic atomic spectroscopy. Pattern recognition methods were used for the characterization of seed samples: nonsupervised methods included principal components analysis and cluster analysis; supervised methods were linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Informed are the concentrations of the following elements: Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, S, Sr, V, Zn, and Zr. The lowest mineral content was found in A. hypochondriacus, and the highest one was found in A. dubius. For the classification, selected variables for all multivariate methods were Ba, Cr, Li, Mn, Ni, S, and Sr. Nonsupervised methods allowed us to distinguish between the three species of amaranth; however, PLS-DA supervised methods showed the best prediction ability.","palabras_clave":"AMARANTH|SEEDS|A. HYPOCHONDRIACUS|A. CRUENTUS|A. DUBIUS|ICP-OES|MULTIVARIATE|PATTERN RECOGNITION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112900,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Latitudinal gradients in macroalgal biodiversity in the Southwest Atlantic between 36 and 55ºS","resumen":"Different groups of marine benthic organisms show contrasting latitudinal patterns of biodiversity. The widely accepted paradigm of increasing biodiversity towards the tropics does not seem to be valid for macroalgal floras of the Southern Hemisphere. We compiled a database summarizing the distributional ranges of macroalgae along the coast of Argentina to test whether biodiversity decreases towards lower latitudes, as in the Pacific coast of South America, and whether breaking points in the geographical distribution can be recognized in one or more areas of the Southwest Atlantic south of 36°S. We found a clear trend of decreasing biodiversity with decreasing latitude. The interpretation of some biodiversity declines is confounded by changes in the intensity of the sampling effort. A 51% reduction in algal species richness between 42 and 41°S coincides with the boundary between the Argentine and Magellanic Zoogeographic Provinces. This sharp breaking point is related to a thermal anomaly caused by long residence times of water masses within San Matías Gulf, suggesting an upper thermal tolerance limit for most Antarctic\/sub-Antarctic seaweeds. A further reduction occurs at 38\u201337°S. This breaking point can be explained by the disappearance of suitable hard substrata, since rocky outcrops give place to wide extensions of sandy beaches. The impoverished algal assemblage inhabiting the northern coast of Argentina is mainly related to the reduction or disappearance of the Antarctic\/sub-Antarctic floristic component. This area is characterised by a predominance of widely distributed species, Chlorophytes and opportunistic filamentous or foliose algae. ","palabras_clave":"BIOGEOGRAPHY|SPECIES RICHNESS|SAMPLING EFFORT|ALGAL FUNCTIONAL GROUPS|BREAKING POINTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112901,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Algae as hosts for epifaunal bryozoans: role of functional groups and taxonomic relatedness","resumen":"Macroalgae build biogenic habitats which give shelter and provide a suitable physical environment for a great variety of organisms. Structural complexity of algal substrates may influence the composition of their attached epifauna. The aim of this study is to test whether the taxonomic relatedness of the algal hosts and the functional groups to which they belong influence the species richness and composition of their epifaunal bryozoans. We analysed 36 algal genera from the Atlantic coast of South America between 42°S and Cape Horn. Changes in bryozoan species richness (number of species) among different algal functional groups (filamentous algae, foliose algae, corticated foliose algae, corticated macrophytes) were non-significant. The composition of the epifaunal assemblages differed significantly only between filamentous and foliose algae. Sheet-like bryozoans (i.e. encrusting, pluriserial colonies) were more frequent on foliose than on filamentous algae, while runner-like species (i.e. uniserial stolons) were characteristic epibionts on filamentous thalli. Similarity of bryozoan assemblages increased with increasing taxonomic relatedness of their hosts. As most filamentous seaweeds analysed in this study are members of the Order Ceramiales, the influence of algal taxonomic relatedness and functional groups on the composition of their bryozoan assemblages can be viewed as two different aspects of the same phenomenon","palabras_clave":"BRYOZOA|MARINE MACROALGAE|FUNCTIONAL GROUPS|TAXONOMIC RELATEDNESS|SW ATLANTIC|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112902,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Allelopathic Potential of South American Bothriochloa Species (Poaceae: Andropogoneae)","resumen":"In laboratory bioassays the aqueous extracts from different plant parts of sixBothriochloa species (B. barbinodis, B. edwardsiana, B. perforata, B. saccharoides,.var. saccharoides and B. springfieldii) inhibited the seed germination and root andshoot growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), wintergreenpaspalum (Paspalum guenoarum Arechav.) and lovegrass [Eragrostis curvula(Schrad.) Nees)] test species. Aqueous extracts were more inhibitory to shoot and rootelongation than to seed germination. Significant inhibition in shoot length at allconcentrations indicated the phytotoxic activity of extracts. The toxicity enhancedwith increasing aqueous extract concentrations. Perhaps these extracts may containallelochemicals, which interferes with seed germination and seedling growth of plants.Consequently, the study of these chemical interactions might be useful to develop newclasses of environmentally safe herbicides.    ","palabras_clave":"ALLELOPATHY|AQUEOUS EXTRACTS|BOTHRIOCHLOA|INHIBITION|POACEAE|SEED GERMINATION|ROOT GROWTH|SHOOT GROWTH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112903,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nueva combinación en Bothriochloa Kuntze (Poaceae)","resumen":"Bothriochloa laguroides var. torreyana (Steud.) M. Marchi &amp;Longhi-Wagner (Poaceae: Andropogoneae), a taxon fromSouth America, differs from the typical variety by severalmorphological characters and by differences in chemical composition.A new combination at specific rank is thus proposedfor that species, Bothriochloa torreyana (Steud.) Scrivanti &amp;Anton.","palabras_clave":"POACEAE|BOTHRIOCHLOA|NOMENCLATURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112904,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Review: Leptin gene expression in the placenta - Regulation of a key hormone in trophoblast proliferation and survival","resumen":"Leptin is a 16000 MW protein originally described as an adipocyte-derived signaling molecule for the central control of metabolism. However, pleiotropic effects of leptin have been identified in reproduction and pregnancy. The leptin gene is expressed in placenta, where leptin promotes proliferation and survival of trophoblast cells. Study of the major signaling pathways known to be triggered by leptin receptor has revealed that leptin stimulates JAK\/STAT, MAPK and PI3K pathways in placental cells. Leptin also exerts an antiapoptotic action in placenta and this effect is mediated by the MAPK pathway. Moreover, leptin stimulates protein synthesis by activating the translational machinery via both PI3K and MAPK pathways. Expression of leptin in placenta is highly regulated, suggesting that certain key pregnancy molecules participate in such regulation. An important hormone in reproduction, hCG, induces leptin expression in trophoblast cells and this effect involves the MAPK signal transduction pathway. Moreover, the cyclic nucleotide cAMP, which has profound actions upon human trophoblast function, also stimulates leptin expression and this effect seems to be mediated by crosstalk between the PKA and MAPK signaling pathways. Estrogens play a central role in reproduction. 17b-estradiol upregulates leptin expression in placental cells through genomic and non-genomic actions, probably via crosstalk between estrogen receptor-a and the MAPK and PI3K signal transduction pathways. Taken together these findings give a better understanding of the function of leptin and the regulatory mechanisms of leptin expression in human placental trophoblast and further support the importance of leptin in the biology of reproduction.","palabras_clave":"LEPTIN|PLACENTA|GENE EXPRESSION|SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112905,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unwinding the molecular basis of interval and circadian timing","resumen":"Neural timing mechanisms range from the millisecond to diurnal, and possibly annual, frequencies. Two of the main processes under study are the interval timer (seconds-to-minute range) and the circadian clock. The molecular basis of these two mechanisms is the subject of intense research, as well as their possible relationship. This article summarizes data from studies investigating a possible interaction between interval and circadian timing and reviews the molecular basis of both mechanisms, including the discussion of the contribution from studies of genetically modified animal models. While there is currently no common neurochemical substrate for timing mechanisms in the brain, circadian modulation of interval timing suggests an interaction of different frequencies in cerebral temporal processes.","palabras_clave":"Sistema circadiano|Estimación de intervalos cortos de tiempo|Circuitos cortico-estriatales|Dopamina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112906,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Circadian modulation of interval timing in mice","resumen":"Temporal perception is fundamental to environmental adaptation in humans and other  animals. To deal with timing and time perception, organisms have developed multiple  systems that are active over a broad range of order of magnitude, the most important being  circadian timing, interval timing and millisecond timing. The circadian pacemaker is  located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus, and is driven by a selfsustaining  oscillator with a period close to 24 h. Time estimation in the second-to-minutes  range \u2013 known as interval timing \u2013 involves the interaction of the basal ganglia and the  prefrontal cortex. In this work we tested the hypothesis that interval timing in mice is  sensitive to circadian modulations. Animals were trained following the peak-interval (PI)  procedure. Results show significant differences in the estimation of 24-second intervals at  different times of day, with a higher accuracy in the group trained at night, which were  maintained under constant dark (DD) conditions. Interval timing was also studied in  animals under constant light (LL) conditions, which abolish circadian rhythmicity. Mice  under LL conditions were unable to acquire temporal control in the peak interval procedure.  Moreover, short time estimation in animals subjected to circadian desynchronizations  (modeling jet lag-like situations) was also affected. Taken together, our results indicate that  short-time estimation is modulated by the circadian clock.","palabras_clave":"Circadian rhythms|Interval timing|Basal ganglia|Suprachiasmatic nuclei"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112907,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Memorias del trabajo ante los procesos de privatización en Argentina?","resumen":"Lo procesos de privatización en Argentina no sólo implicaron despidos, sino que desestructuraron un orden sociolaboral y simbólico que, durante décadas, estructuró las experiencias y las memorias de dos colectivos de trabajadores ? analizados en esta investigación- vinculados a la extracción de petróleo y a la producción de acero. En tal sentido, nos interesa reflexionar cuáles son los sentidos y valores que se diputan en los procesos de construcción de la memoria, para rastrear las continuidades y rupturas que se establecen en el devenir de la experiencia de los trabajadores.","palabras_clave":"Procesos privatizadores|Trabajo|Trabajadores|Disputas de Memorias"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112908,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A New Sauropodomorph Dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Patagonia and the Origin and Evolution of the Sauropod-type Sacrum","resumen":"Background: The origin of sauropod dinosaurs is one of the major landmarks of dinosaur evolution but is still poorly understood. This drastic transformation involved major skeletal modifications, including a shift from the small and gracile condition of primitive sauropodomorphs to the gigantic and quadrupedal condition of sauropods. Recent findings in the Late Triassic\u2013Early Jurassic of Gondwana provide critical evidence to understand the origin and early evolution of sauropods.Methodology\/Principal Findings: A new sauropodomorph dinosaur, Leonerasaurus taquetrensis gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Las Leoneras Formation of Central Patagonia (Argentina). The new taxon is diagnosed by the presence of anterior unserrated teeth with a low spoon-shaped crown, amphicoelous and acamerate vertebral centra, four sacral vertebrae, and humeral deltopectoral crest low and medially deflected along its distal half. The phylogenetic analysis depicts Leonerasaurus as one of the closest outgroups of Sauropoda, being the sister taxon of a clade of large bodied taxa composed of Melanorosaurus and Sauropoda.Conclusions\/Significance: The dental and postcranial anatomy of Leonerasaurus supports its close affinities with basal sauropods. Despite the small size and plesiomorphic skeletal anatomy of Leonerasaurus, the four vertebrae that compose its sacrum resemble that of the large-bodied primitive sauropods. This shows that the appearance of the sauropod-type of sacrum predated the marked increase in body size that characterizes the origins of sauropods, rejecting a causal explanation and evolutionary linkage between this sacral configuration and body size. Alternative phylogenetic placements of Leonerasaurus as a basal anchisaurian imply a convergent acquisition of the sauropod-type sacrum in the new small-bodied taxon, also rejecting an evolutionary dependence of sacral configuration and body size in sauropodomorphs. This and other recent discoveries are showing that the characteristic sauropod body plan evolved gradually, with a step-wise pattern of character appearance.","palabras_clave":"Sauropodomorpha|JURASSIC|Dinosauria|Evolution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112909,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Middle Jurassic heterodontosaurid dinosaur from Patagonia and the evolution of heterodontosaurids","resumen":"Heterodontosauridae is a morphologically divergentgroup of dinosaurs that has recently been interpreted asone of the most basal clades of Ornithischia. Heterodontosauridremains were previously known from the Early Jurassicof southern Africa, but recent discoveries and studies havesignificantly increased the geographical and temporal range forthis clade. Here, we report a new ornithischian dinosaur fromthe Middle Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation in centralPatagonia, Argentina. This new taxon, Manidens condorensisgen. et sp. nov., includes well-preserved craniomandibularand postcranial remains and represents the only diagnosticornithischian specimen yet discovered in the Jurassic ofSouth America so far. Derived features of its anatomyindicate that Manidens belongs to Heterodontosauridae, asthe sister taxon of Heterodontosaurus and other SouthAfrican heterodontosaurids. The presence of posterior dentaryteeth with high crowns but lacking extensive wear facets inManidens suggests that this form represents an intermediatestage in the development of the remarkable adaptations toherbivory described for Heterodontosaurus. The dentition ofManidens condorensis also has autapomorphies, such asasymmetrically arranged denticles in posterior teeth and amesially projected denticle in the posteriormost teeth. At anestimated total length of 60\u201375 cm, Manidens furthermoreconfirms the small size of basal heterodontosaurids.","palabras_clave":"Ornithischia|Jurassic|Phylogeny|Dinosauria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112910,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Tehuelchesaurus benitezii (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic of Patagonia","resumen":"The diversification and early evolution of neosauropod dinosaurs is mainly recorded from the Upper Jurassic of North America, Europe, and Africa. Our understanding of this evolutionary stage is far from complete, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. A partial skeleton of a large sauropod from the Upper Jurassic Can&#771;ado&#769;n Calca&#769;reo Formation of Patagonia was originally described as a \u2018cetiosaurid\u2019 under the name Tehuelchesaurus benitezii. The specimen is here redescribed in detail and the evidence presented indicates that this taxon is indeed a neosauropod, thus representing one of the oldest records of this clade in South America. A complete preparation of the type specimen and detailed analysis of its osteology revealed a great number of features of phylogenetic significance, such as fully opisthocoelous dorsal vertebrae, the persistence of true pleurocoels up to the first sacral vertebra, associated with large camerae in the centrum and supraneural camerae, and an elaborate neural arch lamination, including two apomorphic laminae in the infradiapophyseal fossa. The phylogenetic relationships of this taxon are tested through an extensive cladistic analysis that recovers Tehuelchesaurus as a non-titanosauriform camara- sauromorph, deeply nested within Neosauropoda. Camarasauromorph sauropods were widely distributed in the Late Jurassic, indicating a rapid evolution and diversification of the group.","palabras_clave":"Jurásico|Sauropoda|Dinosauria|Filogenia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112911,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Germ cell differentiation and proliferation in the developing testis of the South American Plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus (Mammalia, Rodentia)","resumen":"Cell proliferation and cell death are essential processes in the physiology of the developing testis that strongly influence the normal adult spermatogenesis. We analysed in this study the morphometry, the expression of the proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cell pluripotency marker OCT-4, germ cell marker VASA and apoptosis in the developing testes of Lagostomus maximus, a rodent in which female germ line develops through abolished apoptosis and unrestricted proliferation. Morphometry revealed an increment in the size of the seminiferous cords with increasing developmental age, arising from a significant increase of PCNA-positive germ cells and a stable proportion of PCNA-positive Sertoli cells. VASA showed a widespread cytoplasmic distribution in a great proportion of proliferating gonocytes that increased significantly at late development. In the somatic compartment, Leydig cells increased at mid-development, whereas peritubular cells showed a stable rate of proliferation. In contrast to other mammals, OCT-4 positive gonocytes increased throughout development reaching 90% of germ cells in late-developing testis, associated with a conspicuous increase in circulating FSH from mid- to late-gestation. TUNEL analysis was remarkable negative, and only a few positive cells were detected in the somatic compartment. These results show that the South American plains viscacha displays a distinctive pattern of testis development characterized by a sustained proliferation of germ cells throughout development, with no signs of apoptosis cell demise, in a peculiar endocrine in utero ambiance that seems to promote the increase of spermatogonial number as a primary direct effect of FSH.","palabras_clave":"TESTIS|LAGOSTOMUS MAXIMUS|GERM CELL|OCT4"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112912,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Receiver-side nonlinearities mitigation using an extended iterative decision-based technique","resumen":"This work presents an iterative receiver cancellation technique for mitigating the inband distortion introduced by a nonlinear wideband transmitter power amplifier (PA). The proposed decision-based technique employs a Wiener\u2013Hammerstein model that accounts for the nonlinear transfer function and memory of the PA as well as for the wireless propagation channel. As such, the mitigation technique can be seen as a generalization of existing iterative decision-based techniques assuming memoryless PA nonlinearities. For successful distortion mitigation, the iterative technique requires an estimate of the nonlinear model that characterizes the PA. We propose to perform thismodel identification at the receiver, embedded in an iterative decision-based scheme, avoiding the nonideal analog-to-digital feedback loop associated with transmitterbased model identification. A stochastic algorithm is proposed for the model identification providing the necessary PA model parameters required for symbol detection. In addition, we analyze the convergence properties of the proposed technique. Simulation results confirm that the proposed mitigation technique provides distortion cancellation at almost the same level to the case of perfect knowledge of the PA model. These results enable us to employ power amplifiers with more relaxed linearity requirement, moving the operation point to a region with improved power efficiency while reducing the system overall degradation.","palabras_clave":"POWER AMPLIFIER|NONLINEAR DISTORTION|MITIGATION|OFDM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112913,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Robust model predictive control of Wiener systems","resumen":"Block-oriented models (BOMs) have shown to be appealing and efficient as nonlinear representations for many applications. They are at the same time valid and simple models in a more extensive region than time-invariant linear models. In this work, Wiener models are considered. They are one of the most diffused BOMs, and their structure consists in a linear dynamics in cascade with a nonlinear static block. Particularly, the problem of control of these systems in the presence of uncertainty is treated. The proposed methodology makes use of arobust identification procedure in order to obtain a robust model to represent the uncertain system. This model is then employed to design a model predictive controller. The mathematical problem involved in the controller design is formulated in the context of the existing linear matrix inequalities (LMI) theory. The main feature of this approach is that it takes advantage of the static nature of the nonlinearity, which allows to solve the control problem by focusing only in the linear dynamics. This formulation results in a simplified design procedure, because the original nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) problem turns into a linear one.","palabras_clave":"WIENER SYSTEMS|MPC|LMI|UNCERTAINTY;|OPTIMIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112914,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ACTIVITY AND SULFUR RESISTANCE OF Rh(I) AND Pd(II) COMPLEXES","resumen":"Two complexes of Rh(I) and Pd(II) with chloride and tridecylamine ligands were obtained andcharacterized by Elementary Analysis and by XPS and FTIR spectroscopies. Complexesanchored on g-Al2O3 were tested in the styrene semi-hydrogenation reaction carried out in theabsence or presence of a sulfur poison. Although both low loaded catalysts were highlyselective, the Pd(II) complex was three times more active than the Rh(I) complex. The rhodiumcomplex was more sulfur resistant but less active than the palladium complex. Differences inconversion and sulfur resistance between both complexes could be related to electronic and\/orgeometric effects.","palabras_clave":"Pd AND Rh COMPLEXES|PYGAS SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION|SULFUR POISONING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112915,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antimicrobial action and effects on beef quality attributes of a gaseous ozone treatment at refrigeration temperatures","resumen":"The effects of gaseous ozone treatment at refrigeration temperatures, on microbial counts (total aerobicmesophilic heterotrophic microorganisms and inoculated Escherichia coli) in culture media and in beefsamples were analyzed. The influence of ozone on beef quality properties such as surface color andrancidity was measured.The effect of gaseous ozone (154  106 kg m3) in culture media inoculated with E. coli after 3- or24-h treatment at 0 and 4 C caused a total inactivation of this microorganism.For beef samples treated with the same gaseous ozone concentration, the highest microbial inhibitionwas observed at 0 C and after 24-h exposure, producing a decrease of 0.7 and 2.0 log10 cycles in E. coliEscherichia coli) in culture media and in beefsamples were analyzed. The influence of ozone on beef quality properties such as surface color andrancidity was measured.The effect of gaseous ozone (154  106 kg m3) in culture media inoculated with E. coli after 3- or24-h treatment at 0 and 4 C caused a total inactivation of this microorganism.For beef samples treated with the same gaseous ozone concentration, the highest microbial inhibitionwas observed at 0 C and after 24-h exposure, producing a decrease of 0.7 and 2.0 log10 cycles in E. colifluence of ozone on beef quality properties such as surface color andrancidity was measured.The effect of gaseous ozone (154  106 kg m3) in culture media inoculated with E. coli after 3- or24-h treatment at 0 and 4 C caused a total inactivation of this microorganism.For beef samples treated with the same gaseous ozone concentration, the highest microbial inhibitionwas observed at 0 C and after 24-h exposure, producing a decrease of 0.7 and 2.0 log10 cycles in E. coli 106 kg m3) in culture media inoculated with E. coli after 3- or24-h treatment at 0 and 4 C caused a total inactivation of this microorganism.For beef samples treated with the same gaseous ozone concentration, the highest microbial inhibitionwas observed at 0 C and after 24-h exposure, producing a decrease of 0.7 and 2.0 log10 cycles in E. coli and 4 C caused a total inactivation of this microorganism.For beef samples treated with the same gaseous ozone concentration, the highest microbial inhibitionwas observed at 0 C and after 24-h exposure, producing a decrease of 0.7 and 2.0 log10 cycles in E. coliC and after 24-h exposure, producing a decrease of 0.7 and 2.0 log10 cycles in E. coliand total aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic microorganism counts respectively; however, both thesurface color and lipid oxidation of these beef samples were unacceptable. Shorter exposure times (3 h)to the tested ozone concentration at both temperatures (0e4 C), reduced 0.5 log10 cycles the counts oftotal aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic microorganisms and 0.6e1.0 log10 cycles the counts of E. coli,without changing the color or producing rancidity in beef.e4 C), reduced 0.5 log10 cycles the counts oftotal aerobic mesophilic heterotrophic microorganisms and 0.6e1.0 log10 cycles the counts of E. coli,without changing the color or producing rancidity in beef.e1.0 log10 cycles the counts of E. coli,without changing the color or producing rancidity in beef.","palabras_clave":"GASEOUS OZONE|MEAT|REFRIGERATION|ESCHERICHIA COLI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112916,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bent-shaped liquid crystal dimers. Influence of the direction of the oxybiphenylenecarboxyl groups on their mesomorphic behaviour","resumen":"In order to study what role the direction of the whole mesogenic groups play on their mesomorphic behavior we synthesized a series of bent-shaped dimers in which the mesogens differ in their relative orientation along the long molecular axis of the dimers. A tilted anticlinic smectic mesophase is presented exclusively by the dimer where the mesogens are tethered in a head-to-head fashion. The head-to-tail and tail-to-tail organizations of the mesogens preclude any kind of mesophase formation. The mesomorphic behavior of dimers was characterized by a combination of polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and computational techniques.","palabras_clave":"liquid crystal|symmetric dimers|synthesis|mesomorphism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112917,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Allopregnanolone induces LHRH and glutamate release through NMDA receptor modulation","resumen":"LHRH release from hypothalamus is influenced by the neurotransmitter glutamate that acts, among others, on&nbsp; NMDA&nbsp; receptors&nbsp; present&nbsp; in&nbsp; LHRH&nbsp; neurons.&nbsp; On&nbsp; the other hand, the neurosteroid allopregnanolone can modulate the activity of specific neurotransmitter receptors and affect neurotransmitter release. We examined the role of allopregnanolone on in vitro LHRH and glutamate release from mediobasal hypothalamus and anterior preoptic area of&nbsp; ovariectomized&nbsp; rats&nbsp; with&nbsp; estrogen&nbsp; and&nbsp; progesterone replacement. Moreover, we evaluated whether the neurosteroid might act through modulation of NMDA receptors.Allopregnanolone&nbsp; induced&nbsp; an&nbsp; increase&nbsp; in&nbsp; LHRH&nbsp; release. This effect was reversed when the NMDA receptors were blocked by the NMDA antagonist 2-amino-7-phosphono-heptanoic&nbsp; acid&nbsp; (AP-7)&nbsp; indicating&nbsp; that&nbsp; this&nbsp; neurosteroid would interact with NMDA receptors. Moreover allopregnanolone&nbsp; induced&nbsp; an&nbsp; augment&nbsp; in&nbsp; K evoked&nbsp; [3H]-gluta-mate&nbsp;&nbsp; release&nbsp;&nbsp; from&nbsp;&nbsp; mediobasal&nbsp;&nbsp; hypothalamus-anterior preoptic&nbsp; area&nbsp; explants&nbsp; and&nbsp; this&nbsp; effect&nbsp; was&nbsp; also&nbsp; reversed when&nbsp; NMDA&nbsp; receptors&nbsp; were&nbsp; blocked&nbsp; with&nbsp; AP-7.&nbsp; Theseresults&nbsp;&nbsp; suggest&nbsp;&nbsp; an&nbsp;&nbsp; important&nbsp;&nbsp; physiologic&nbsp;&nbsp; function&nbsp;&nbsp; of allopregnanolone&nbsp;&nbsp; on&nbsp;&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; regulation&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; neuroendocrine function&nbsp; in&nbsp; female&nbsp; adult&nbsp; rats.&nbsp; Not&nbsp; only&nbsp; appears&nbsp; to&nbsp; beinvolved in enhancing LHRH release through modulation of NMDA receptors but also in the release of glutamate which is critical in the control of LHRH release.","palabras_clave":"LHRH|NMDA RECEPTOR|ALLOPREGNANOLONE|NEUROSTEROID|GLUTAMATE|HYPOTHALAMUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112918,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un individuo juvenil de Pterocnemia pennata (Aves, Rheidae) en el Pleistoceno de la Región Pampeana: implicancias ontogenéticas y ambientales","resumen":"Se da a conocer un individuo juvenil de Pterocnemia pennata (MACN 14780) procedente del Bonaerense (Pleistoceno Tardío temprano) de la localidad de Salto (Partido de Salto), en el norte de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) constituyendo el registro fósil más septentrional de la especie.  El individuo consta de miembros posteriores completos y fragmentos del miembro anterior, falanges y vértebras. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y analizar en los miembros posteriores, aquellos rasgos que puedan ser indicativos de la etapa ontogenética postnatal (juvenil, subadulto y adulto) del fósil. Se analizaron caracteres relacionados con la maduración ósea de las epífisis, regiones proximales y distales de los huesos y la textura del periostio. Los miembros posteriores del ejemplar fósil corresponden a un individuo inmaduro: el fémur carece de la región intercondilar y faltan las epífisis proximales del  tibiotarso y del tarsometatarso. Además, en el tarsometatarso la región proximal del cuerpo es expandida, abultada y los metatatarsales no están completamente fusionados entre sí. La textura del periostio se caracteriza por presentar numerosos poros en el fémur y estriaciones en el tibiotarso y tarsometatarso, indicativos de inmadurez. La etapa ontogenética puede no ser reconocida cuando sólo se encuentran partes de huesos que no presentan rasgos de inmadurez (e.g., región proximal del fémur, región distal del tibiotarso y\/o tarsometatarso). La presencia de Pterocnemia pennata en un área fuera de su distribución geográfica actual es una evidencia más que refuerza la hipótesis de la extensión de condiciones áridas en el territorio pampeano durante el Pleistoceno Tardío temprano.","palabras_clave":"Palaeognathae|Pleistoceno|ontogenia postnatal|centros de osificación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112919,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aspects of the influence of an oscillating mini-flap upon the near wake of an airfoil NACA 4412","resumen":"Abstract. A NACA 4412 airfoil was tested, in a boundary layer wind tunnel, with the aim to study the effect of a Gurney mini-flap, as an active and passive flow control device submitted to a turbulent flow field. The main objective was the experimental determination of flow pattern characteristics downstream the airfoil in the near wake. The untwisted wing model used for the experiments had 80cm wingspan and 50cm chord, with airfoil NACA 4412. The mini-flap was located on the lower surface at a distance, from the trailing edge, of 8%c (c airfoil chord). The Reynolds number, based upon the wing chord and the mean free stream velocity was 326,000 and 489,000. The turbulence intensity was 1.8%. The model was located into the wind tunnel between two panels, in order to assure a close approximation to two-dimensional flow over the model. As an active control device a rotating mini-flaps, geared by an electro-mechanical system (which rotate to a 30°) was constructed. The wake pattern and pressure values near the trailing edge were measured. The results obtained, for this mechanism, show us that the oscillating mini-flap change the wake flow pattern, alleviating the near wake turbulence and enhancing the vortex pair near the trailing edge at the mini-flap level and below that level, magnifying the effect described first by Liebeck [1]. That effect grows with the oscillating frequency. Additionally, the wake alleviation probably affects also the far wake. All of these facts suggest us to continue with the experiments, trying to measure the pressure distribution around the airfoil in all the cases, obtaining the lift and drag characteristics. ","palabras_clave":"ACTIVE FLOW CONTROL|TURBULENCE|AIRFOILS|LIFT ENHANCEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112920,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The glycan-binding protein galectin-1 controls survival of epithelial cells along the crypt-villus axis of small intestine","resumen":"Intestinal epithelial cells serve as mechanical barriers and active components of the mucosal immune system. These cells migrate from the crypt to the tip of the villus, where different stimuli can differentially affect their survival. Here we investigated, using in vitro and in vivo strategies, the role of galectin-1 (Gal-1), an evolutionarily conserved glycan-binding protein, in modulating the survival of human and mouse enterocytes. Both Gal-1 and its specific glyco-receptors were broadly expressed in small bowel enterocytes. Exogenous Gal-1 reduced the viability of enterocytes through apoptotic mechanisms involving activation of both caspase and mitochondrial pathways. Consistent with these findings, apoptotic cells were mainly detected at the tip of the villi, following administration of Gal-1. Moreover, Gal-1-deficient (Lgals1(-\/-)) mice showed longer villi compared with their wild-type counterparts in vivo. In an experimental model of starvation, fasted wild-type mice displayed reduced villi and lower intestinal weight compared with Lgals1(-\/-) mutant mice, an effect reflected by changes in the frequency of enterocyte apoptosis. Of note, human small bowel enterocytes were also prone to this pro-apoptotic effect. Thus, Gal-1 is broadly expressed in mucosal tissue and influences the viability of human and mouse enterocytes, an effect which might influence the migration of these cells from the crypt, the integrity of the villus and the epithelial barrier function.","palabras_clave":"Galectin|Instestina epithelial  cells"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112921,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Glicómica de la respuesta inmune: El universo de glicanos y lectinas en microambientes inflamatorios y neoplásicos","resumen":"Las   galectinas, una familia de lectinas que reconocen glicoconjugados específicos en   la superficie celular y la matríz, participan en diversos procesos biológicos   como reguladores de la homeostasis de la respuesta inmune y de la progresión   tumoral. Considerando el papel inmunomodulador de   Galectina-1 (Gal-1) en modelos de inflamación crónica y su   contribución a la creación de microambientes tolerógenicos, durante los últimos   años exploramos el impacto de esta proteína sobre el balance de células T y la   funcionalidad de células dendríticas (CDs). Mientras las células Th1 y Th17 poseen el repertorio   de glicanos necesarios para la unión de Gal-1, los linfocitos Th2 son   resistentes a la unión de esta proteína, lo cual explicaría el incremento   en la susceptibilidad de los linfocitos Th1 y Th17 a la apoptosis   inducida por Gal-1 y la consecuente desviación en el balance de la   respuesta inmune hacia un perfil Th2. Además, identificamos un circuito   tolerogénico en el que Gal&#8208;1   induce la diferenciación de CDs tolerogénicas productoras de IL&#8208;27, la consecuente expansión de células T   regulatorias productoras de IL&#8208;10 y la   supresión de la inflamación mediada por células Th1 y Th17. Postulamos un nuevo   mecanismo de regulación homeostática de la respuesta inmune basado en la   interacción entre Gal&#8208;1 y sus glicanos   específicos, el cual permite anticipar nuevos horizontes terapéuticos, en los   que la modulación de la expresión de Gal&#8208;1 o sus glicanos nos permitiría regular la   respuesta inmune. ","palabras_clave":"Galectina-1|Células T|Células Dendríticas|Tolerancia inmunológica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112922,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison of Argentinean Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus Non-Epidemic and Epidemic Strain Infections in an Avian Model","resumen":"St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV, Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) is an emerging mosquito-borne pathogen in South America, with human SLEV encephalitis cases reported in Argentina and Brazil. Genotype III strains of SLEV were isolated from Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in Cordoba, Argentina in 2005, during the largest SLEV outbreak ever reported in South America. The present study tested the hypothesis that the recent, epidemic SLEV strain exhibits greater virulence in birds as compared with a non-epidemic genotype III strain isolated from mosquitoes in Santa Fe Province 27 years earlier. The observed differences in infection parameters between adult House sparrows (Passer domesticus) that were needle-inoculated with either the epidemic or historic SLEV strain were not statistically significant. However, only the House sparrows that were infected with the epidemic strain achieved infectious-level viremia titers sufficient to infect Cx. spp. mosquitoes vectors. Furthermore, the vertebrate reservoir competence index values indicated an approximately 3-fold increase in amplification potential of House sparrows infected with the epidemic strain when pre-existing flavivirus-reactive antibodies were present, suggesting the possibility that antibody-dependent enhancement may increase the risk of avian-amplified transmission of SLEV in South America.","palabras_clave":"St. Louis encephalitis virus|Passer domesticus|Antibody-depend Immune enhancement|Flavivirus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112923,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Improvements on Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Biosensors Using Wavelets for Quick Faults Detection","resumen":"Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Sensors are still under development stage considering that they are far from being apt for the use in a closed-loop environment. So, every little improvement of these devices is always welcome specially thinking on its important role as a part of an articial pancreas. It was found that some common failures on these sensors are signal shifts and unreal picks that must be taken into account, specially for the importance of computing the correct insulin dosage for diabetic persons. In this context, diabetes technology has been focused since three decades ago on developing several closed-loop control algorithms linking glucose measurements and insulin delivery. Hence, in this paper, a fault detection system based on Discrete Wavelets Transform (DWT) is applied for testing if an erroneous signal from the non-invasive biosensor occurs. The main idea here is to do a correct measurement compensation in order to evaluate the proper insulin dosage through the use of the Predictive Functional Controller (PFC) algorithm. The preliminary study is done by reproducing the faults mentioned above on the blood glucose measurements obtained from a mathematical model of the endocrine system approved by the FDA in 2008 as a substitute to animal trial and recognized as an in silico patient. Then, the simulation environment includes an adult patient with faulty blood glucose measurements and the Fault Diagnosis and Identication (FDI) system, based on DWT, which gives to the PFC algorithm the correct information turning it into a Fault Tolerant Controller (FTC). The nal result is to deliver to the patient the correct insulin dosage.","palabras_clave":"DIABETES|BIOSENSORS|WAVELET TRANSFORM|FAULT DETECTION|FAULT-TOLERANT CONTROL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112924,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Plant-wide control strategy applied to the Tennessee Eastman process at two operating points","resumen":"This work presents a new plant-wide control strategy able to be applied on large scale chemical plants. It is based on an extension of the non square relative gain array (NRG) theoretical concepts , introduced by Chang and Yu (1990), and the generalized relative disturbance gain (GRDG) presented in Chang and Yu (1992). The extension of the NRG is useful for searching the best group of controlled variables (CVs) independently of the problem dimensionality. Meanwhile, the extension of the GRDG allows configure the loops pairing by considering the trade-off between servo and regulator behavior. It can be done thanks to define a proper function, named net load effect, accounting both set point and disturbances effects. Even though these concepts are not new, the main contribution of this paper is the selection of the adequateobjective function. It is mathematically expressed in a new way, in terms of Frobenius norm of specific matrices related with the models of the plant and very useful for evaluating the process interaction. Then, it drives the search supported by genetic algorithms (GA), which evaluates all the possible combinations of input-output variables. It allows to solve successfully and with less computational effort the combinatorial optimization problem, even though the high dimension usually involved in large scale chemical plants. The use of the relative gain array (RGA) can also be considered for pairing purpose, but in some cases it could drive to a less effective structure. The use of relative normalized gain array (RNGA) for pairing the selected CVs with the most suitable MVs is able to lead to best control structures only if a dynamic model of the plant is available. Therefore, it must be emphasized that this approach is developed for working in caseswhere only steady-state plant information is available. However, if a dynamic model is disposable too the algorithm is extended to use it. In addition, a mathematical demonstration is presented so as to understand why is possible to find a well conditioned control structure. The methodology is tested in the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process at the base case proposed by Downs and Vogel (1992), and at an optimized working point presented by Ricker (1995). Both working points show two quite different scenarios. Thus, a set of dynamic simulations for both cases and the hardware requirements compared to the previous suggested are given to proof the capacity of this approach.","palabras_clave":"PLANT-WIDE CONTROL|OPTIMUM ENERGY SONSUMPTION|DISTURBANCE REJECTION|CONTROLLABILITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112925,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A combined theoretical and spectroscopic study of 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranosyl sulfamide: a novel glycosyl carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor","resumen":"The novel 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranosyl sulfamide, which exhibits selectivityfor inhibiting isoform IX of carbonic anhydrase as overexpressed in many tumors, has been investigatedfrom a combined theoretical and spectroscopic point of view. The conformational study of thecompound shows that the a-anomeric form is more stable than the b-anomeric form from a thermodynamicpoint of view after including solvent effects. This fact suggests that the synthesis reaction couldtake place mainly under thermodynamic control as the main experimental product is the a-anomericform of the sulfamide. Calculated a=b ratio is about 95:5, in excellent agreement with experimental data.Optimized geometries of the a-anomeric form agree quite well with crystallographic data. The inclusionof a solvent has negligible effects on the conformations. A detailed analysis of some geometric parametersshed light into the conformational behavior of the sulfamide in terms of both exo- and endo-anomericeffects and antiperiplanar relationships. Natural bond orbital calculations confirm those findings. Severalintramolecular hydrogen bonds, characterized through the Atoms-in-Molecules theory, were found in thestable conformers. They, however, seem to play no relevant role in determining the relative stability of aconformers with respect to the b ones. Calculated 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts support previous findingsconcerning configuration and conformation assignments of the title sulfamide. The IR spectrum ofthe compound is recorded and reported for the first time and the assignment of some of the most importantbands is accomplished with the aid of calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies.","palabras_clave":"Sulfamides|Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor|Density functional theory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112926,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sulfurization of electrodeposited CuInSe2-based solar cells","resumen":"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CuInSe2 (CISe) thin films have been prepared by single-step electrodeposition on top of TCO\/TiO2 and TCO\/TiO2\/In2S3 coated electrodes. TiO2 and In2S3 have been deposited by spray-pyrolysis. The electrodeposition step is studied using cyclic voltammetry in the acidic electrolyte. Electrodeposited CISe is then subjected to two different thermal treatments. The first treatment is an annealing step under argon atmosphere, carried out to enhance the crystallinity of the film. The second consists of a sulfurization process, where sulfur is vaporized and mixed with the argon flux, leading to substantial changes in the composition of the chalcogenide. The crystallinity, morphology and stoichiometry of the annealed films are characterized by XRD, micro-Raman spectroscopy and SEM\/EDX. Raman spectra and EDX show an almost complete replacement of the Se atoms by S atoms. Etching the films in KCN solution is a key step, enabling a final adjustment in the stoichiometry. The incorporation an In2S3 buffer layer in TiO2\/CuIn(SeS)2 solar cells produces a marked improvement in the cell efficiency.&nbsp; Despite this improvement, the values of Jsc and the fill factor (FF) are relatively low, showing efficiencies below 1%, most likely associated to the resistances present in the multi-layered cell.&nbsp;                               ","palabras_clave":"chalcogenides|annealing|semiconductors|electrical properties"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112927,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Deposition and characterization of CuInSe2 films for solar cells using an  optimized chemical route","resumen":"CuInSe2 (CISe) thin films have been deposited on glass using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction(SILAR). The as-deposited films are treated at 400 &#9702;C in argon atmosphere and etched in KCN solutionto remove detrimental secondary phases. The preparation and temperature of the precursor solutions,the duration of the reaction cycles and the duration of the annealing stage have been optimized. Thefilms have been characterized employing grazing incident X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive scanning spectroscopy.Relevant semiconductor parameters have been calculated. Photoelectrochemical tests confirm p-typeconduction. The films are crystalline and the stoichiometry can be improved by renewing the precursorsolution after completing half of the cycles, annealing for 90 min and later etching in KCN. The quality ofthe material seems to be promising for application in solar cell devices.","palabras_clave":"thin films|semiconductors|chemical synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112928,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pulsed electrodeposition of p-type CuInSe2 thin films","resumen":"CuInSe2 thin films have been electrodeposited on conductive glass using cyclic pulse electrodeposition.  One cycle consists of consequtively applying potentials E1 and E2, each during 10 s and a total of 90 cycles are applied. E1 is chosen between &#8722;0.7 and &#8722;0.9 VSCE while E2 is fixed at &#8722;0.1 VSCE. The films are  annealed in argon and then etched in KCN solution to eliminate remnant secondary phases. The material is characterized employing grazing incident X-rays diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron  microscopy and energy dispersive scanning spectroscopy. The presence of secondary phases seems to be reduced when compared to films prepared at fixed potentials. The films are crystalline and the overall  quality improves by annealing in Ar. Photoelectrochemical tests, Mott\u2013Schottky plots and I\u2013V curves confirm p-type conduction. The diffusion regime imposed by the potential pulses could be responsible  for the different morphology and composition of samples prepared with pulsed and potentiostatic electrodeposition.","palabras_clave":"Pulsed electrodeposition|CuInSe2|ANNEALING|ETCHING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112929,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surface characterization of copper, zinc and brass in contact with tap water  inhibited with phosphate ions","resumen":"The composition of the surface layers has been investigated on copper, zinc and brass in contact withmoderately hard, highly carbonated and chloride rich artificial tap water (ATW). Cyclic voltammetry,reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyhave been used to identify the changes in composition that result from the incorporation of sodiumorthophosphate to ATW. The results showed that when PO43&#8722; is added, the film changes its compositionand it also becomes thinner, denser and more compact. On copper, the presence of CuO in the passivefilm can be correlated to the improvement in the corrosion behavior in the presence of phosphate ions.In the case of brass, the development of a thinner, compact and less porous Zn3(PO4)2 layer hindersCu(I) dissolution. A mechanism explaining the effect of this inhibitor is proposed, which accounts for theexperimental results.","palabras_clave":"passive film|copper|zinc|brass"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112930,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ecological processes shaping Central Patagonian salt marsh landscapes","resumen":"Plant zonation is one of the most conspicuous ecological features of salt marshes worldwide. In this work we used a combination of field transplant and greenhouse experiments to evaluate the importance of interspecific interactions and physical stress in the determination of the major plant zonation patterns in Central Patagonian salt marshes. There, Spartina alterniflora dominates the low marsh, and Sarcocornia perennis the high marsh. We addressed two questions: 1) What prevents Spartina alterniflora from colonizing the Sarcocornia perennis?dominated high marsh zone? and 2) What prevents Sarcocornia perennis from colonizing the Spartina alterniflora?dominated low marsh zone? Our experimental transplants combined with neighbor exclusion treatments showed that the presence of Sarcocornia perennis negatively affects Spartina alterniflora, preventing it from surviving and\/or spreading. Complementary field transplant and greenhouse experiments showed that Sarcocornia perennis did not survive the frequent tidal submersion by ~1.5 m of turbid seawater in the Spartina alterniflora zone, but its survival was independent of the presence of Spartina neighbors, and of the strong soil anoxia as well. Our results suggest that Spartina alterniflora is excluded by Sarcocornia perennis toward the low marsh where frequent and prolonged submersion limit the survival of the latter. We provide and discuss key baseline information to facilitate the future design of ecophysiological experiments designed to accurately identify the exact mechanisms acting in every situation.                                               ","palabras_clave":"NEIGHBOUR EXCLUSION|SARCOCORNIA|SALT MARSH|SOIL ANOXIA|SPARTINA|SUBMERSION|ZONATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112931,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Manuscrito hallado en una botella. El plan de acción política 1955-56 y la historiografía sobre el primer peronismo","resumen":"La interpretación propuesta por Walter Little en 1982 sobre el Plan de acción política 1955-56. Desarrollo tendencial de los partidos (1946-57), aún no ha sido reconsiderada (Little, 1982). Incluso puede decirse que su última conclusión ha sido dada por sentada en otras investigaciones atinentes al primer peronismo. En efecto, dos décadas después, la idea de que el peronismo sostuvo un \u201Cimpulso fatal hacia la dominación\u201D, y que dicho vector poseyó \u201Ccarácter doctrinario\u201D persiste indiscutida. Muy pocos de los \u201Cenfoques renovados\u201D han revisado esa atribución. En este análisis repensamos algunos materiales que refrendan la sentencia de Little y otros que pueden permitirnos emplazar de modo alternativo los argumentos acerca de las tendencias totalitarias o unanimistas dentro del peronismo hacia finales de la segunda presidencia de Perón. Nos interesa testear la hipótesis de que los planteos de Little prefiguran los temas principales que soportan, no siempre de manera explícita, los horizontes actuales de una desublimación del peronismo como tema de la investigación histórica.","palabras_clave":"Peronismo|historiografía|partidos políticos|Estado"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112932,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of oseltamivir conjugates with lactose analogs for inhibition studies on Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase","resumen":"Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, expresses a unique enzyme, the trans-sialidase (TcTS) involved in the transfer of sialic acid from host glycoconjugates to mucins of the parasite. Crystallographic studies showed two sites in the catalytic region of TcTS, one binding the sialic acid donor and the other involved in binding terminal b-D-galactopyranosyl-containing compounds. We have previously described that lactose derivatives effectively inhibited the transfer of sialic acid to N-acetyllactosamine. On the other hand, oseltamivir is a sialic acid mimetic effective against some types of influenza virus. In this paper we report covalent conjugation of oseltamivir with lactose and lactobionolactone with the aim to obtain a bi-substrate potential inhibitor. The behavior of the new compounds in the TcTS reaction was studied.","palabras_clave":"TRANS-SIALIDASE|OSELTAMIVIR|TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI|INHIBITORS|LACTOSE DERIVATIVES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112933,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Artritis Reumatoidea y TGF beta","resumen":"La artritis reumatoidea (AR) es una enfermedad autoinmune caracterizada por la inflamacion cronica de las articulaciones con su consiguiente deterioro estructural. Las diversas poblaciones de globulos blancos, incluyendo monocitos\/macrofagos, celulas dendriticas, neutrofilos y linfocitos, contribuyen al dano estructural de las articulaciones. Existen evidencias que la citoquina pleiotropica TGF-beta y sus receptores actuan como un potente regulador de los eventos inflamatorios, en el tejido sinovial de AR. De modo adicional, los niveles aumentados de TGF-beta1 encontrados en el microambiente sinovial de pacientes con AR, ademas de producir inflamacion, parecen afectar el potencial regenerativo de las celulas madre mesenquimales presentes en el liquido sinovial. En la presente revision queda en evidencia que a pesar de que son necesarios estudios adicionales, la modulacion de TGF-beta y sus receptores en pacientes con AR, podria ofrecer una alternativa terapeutica para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. &nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"Citoquinas|Leucocitos|Celulas Madre|Inflamacion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112934,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular Determinants of Arenavirus Z Protein Homo-Oligomerization and L Polymerase Binding","resumen":"The arenavirus Z is a zinc-binding RING protein that has been implicated in multiple functions during theviral life cycle. These roles of Z involve interactions with viral and cellular proteins that remain incompletelyunderstood. In this regard, Z inhibits viral RNA transcription and replication through direct interaction withthe viral L polymerase. Here, we defined the L-binding domain of Tacaribe virus (TCRV) Z protein and thestructural requirements mediating Z homo-oligomerization. By using site-directed mutagenesis, coimmunoprecipitation,and functional assays, we showed that residues R37, N39, W44, L50, and Y57, located around thezinc coordination site I, play a critical role in the Z-L interaction. We also found that Z protein from eitherTCRV or the pathogenic Junin virus (JUNV) self-associates into oligomeric forms in mammalian cells.Importantly, mutation of the myristoylation site, the strictly conserved residue G at position 2, severelyimpaired the ability of both TCRV Z and JUNV Z to self-interact as well as their capacity to accumulate at theplasma membrane, strongly suggesting that Z homo-oligomerization is associated with its myristoylation andcell membrane targeting. In contrast, disruption of the RING structure or substitution of W44 or N39, whichare critical for L protein recognition, did not affect Z self-binding. Overall, the data presented here indicatethat homo-oligomerization is not a requirement for Z-L interaction or Z-mediated polymerase activityinhibition.","palabras_clave":"Arenavirus|Z protein|Oligomerization|Polymerase Binding"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112935,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"eNOS \/ Hsp70 INTERACTION ON ROSUVASTATIN CYTOPROTECTIVE EFFECT  IN NEONATAL OBSTRUCTIVE NEPHROPATHY","resumen":"There is growing evidence that statins may exert renoprotective effects beyond cholesterol reduction. The cholesterol-independent or 'pleiotropic' effects of statins include the upregulation of  eNOS. The objective of this study was to determine whether eNOS associated with Hsp70 expression is involved in rosuvastatin resistance to obstruction-induced oxidative stress and cell death. Neonatal  rats subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) within two days of birth, or sham operation,were treated daily with vehicle or rosuvastatin (10 mg\/k\/day). Kidneys were harvested 14 days after  obstruction. Decreased endogenous NO and lower eNOS expression at mRNA and protein levels associated with downregulation of mRNA Hsf1 and Hsp70 protein expression were observed in the obstructed kidney cortex. Increased NADHP oxidase activity and apoptosis induction, regulated by  mitochondrial signal pathway through an increased pro-apoptotic ratio Bax\/BcL2 and caspase 3 activity, was demonstrated. Conversely, in cortex membrane fractions from rosuvastatin-treated UUO rats, marked upregulation of eNOS expression at transcriptional and osttranscriptional levels linked to increased Hsf1 mRNA expression and enhanced Hsp70 at mRNA and protein levels, were observed.  Consequently, there was an absence of apoptotic response and transiently decreased NADPH oxidase activity. In addition, interaction between eNOS and Hsp70 was determined by coimmunoprecipitation  in cortex membrane fractions, showing an increased ratio of both proteins, after rosuvastatin treatment in the obstructed kidney.  In conclusion, our data demonstrate that rosuvastatin restores renal NO bioavailability through eNOS preventing obstruction-induced oxidative stress and cell death through the induction of heat shock  protein 70 (Hsp70) in neonatal UUO.","palabras_clave":"ROSUVASTATIN|eNOS|Hsp70|NEONATAL OBSTRUCTIVE NEPHROPATHY|APOPTOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112936,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Nrf2-Keap1 cellular defense pathway and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) response. Role in protection against oxidative stress in early neonatal unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)","resumen":"Perturbation of renal tubular antioxidants and overproduction of ROS may amplify theproinflammatory state of renal obstruction, culminating in oxidative stress and tubularloss. Here, we analyzed the Hsp70 response and the function and signal transduction ofNF-E2-related protein 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor on oxidative stress modulation inobstruction. Rats were subjected to UUO or sham operation and kidneys harvested at 5,7, 10 and 14 days after obstruction. Hsp70 expression and Nrf2 activity and itsdownstream target gene products were assessed. After 10 and 14 days of obstruction,enhanced lipid peroxidation through higher TBARS levels and increased oxidativestress, resulted in reduced total antioxidant activity and enhanced NADPH oxidaseactivity were demonstrated. This was accompanied by decreased inducible Hsp70expression and a progressive reduction of nuclear Nrf2 and its target gene productsGlutathion S-Transferase A2 (GSTA2) and NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1),whereas the Nrf2 repressor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) wasupregulated. By contrast, on early obstruction for 7 days; lack of increased oxidativemarkers associated with higher inducible Hsp70 protein levels and a rapid nuclearaccumulation of Nrf2, Keap1 downregulation and mRNA induction of the identifiedNrf2-dependent genes, NQO1 and GSTA2, were shown. For these results we suggestthat the magnitude of cytoprotection in early obstruction depends on the combinedcontribution of induced activation of Nrf2 upregulating its downstream gene productsand Hsp70 response. Impaired ability to mount the biological response to the prevailingoxidative stress leading to renal injury was shown in prolonged obstruction.","palabras_clave":"HSP70|NRF2-KEAP1|OXIDATIVE STRESS|UNILATERAL URETERAL OBSTRUCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112937,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of gravity on the stability of the steady propagation of a liquid plug in a small conduit","resumen":"In this  work we numerically study the stability of the steady state  displacement of a liquid plug in a capillary tube when gravity,  inertia and surface forces are important.  The methodology employed  is based on the analysis of steady state solutions and has been  presented in previous publications.  Gravity is assumed to act only  along the axis of the tube.","palabras_clave":"PLUG FLOW|GRAVITY EFFECTS|FINITE ELEMENTS METHOD|INTERFACIAL DYNAMICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112938,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A deeper insight into the dip coating process in the presence of insoluble surfactants: A numerical analysis","resumen":"A numerical investigation is carried out to study the effects of an insoluble surfactant on the dip  coating of a flat substrate. Predictions of both the film thickness and the concentration of surfactant  in the film as a function of the capillary number compare well with the solutions of a simpler  asymptotic model based on the lubrication approximation. Streamline patterns confirm the  existence of a stagnation point located in the bulk phase in the region of the dynamic meniscus\u2014a  conjecture postulated forty years ago. The evolution of the flow patterns and the interfacial  variables shows how the classical result of Landau and Levich is recovered as the coating speed is  augmented. Finally, we show that the effect of inertia forces cannot be neglected when the  viscosity of the coating liquid is low.","palabras_clave":"DIP COATING|SURFACTANTS|FINITE ELEMENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112939,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Animales de Papel","resumen":"El historiador Juan Pimentel, investigador del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, de Madrid, es bien conocido por sus aportes renovadores desde España a la historia de la ciencia escrita, sobre todo por sus artículos y libros acerca de las expediciones científicas, la historia natural, la Edad de Oro y el Iluminismo español. Este nuevo libro de Pimentel retoma la tradición del ensayo paleontológico que Stephen Jay Gould supo consolidar con maestría y exportarlo a otros idiomas. Mientras Claudine Cohen lo sigue cultivando en francés, hasta ahora estaba ausente entre los autores del habla castellana. En este caso, se trata de un ensayo de morfología histórica que reúne la historia de dos grandes cuadrúpedos - el rinoceronte y el megaterio - para entender cómo fueron 'imaginados'. Parábola de la ciencia moderna, los derroteros de estas dos entidades animales se constituyen en una historia de cómo se da forma a los hechos, cómo se los configura y cómo se los universaliza en un mundo donde, como Pimentel muestra, la cosa en sí es mucho más inasequible que la solidez que estas 'poderosas' bestias esconden. Por eso, esta recensión contiene una pequeña reseña de las fuentes y el método de análisis de Pimentel para hablar de la debilidad de las cosas versus la fuerza de estos animales de papel (Rudwick, 2000).","palabras_clave":"Megaterio|Ilustraciones|Circulación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112940,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Magnetic and Elastic Properties of CoFe2O4-PDMS Magnetically Oriented Elastomer Nanocomposites","resumen":"Magnetic elastic structured composites were prepared using CoFe2O4 ferromagnetic andsuperparamagnetic nanoparticles as fillers in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrixes. Cobalt-ironoxide nanoparticles of three different average sizes (between 2 and 12 nm) were synthesized andcharacterized. The smallest nanoparticles presented superparamagnetic behavior, with blockingtemperature determined by SQUID, while the largest presented ferromagnetism at room temperature.Macroscopically structured-anisotropic PDMS-CoFe2O4 composites were obtained when curing the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the presence of a uniform magnetic field (0.3 T). Formation of particle´s chains (needles) orientated in the direction of the magnetic field was observed only when loading with the ferromagnetic nanoparticles. SEM images show that the needles are formed by groups of nanoparticles which retain its original average size. The Young´s modules of the structured composites are fourth times larger when measured along the oriented needles than in the perpendicular direction.Magnetization curves (VSM) of the structured composites were determined as function of the relative orientation between the needles and the probe field. The remanent magnetization was 30% higher when measured parallel to the needles, while the coercive field remains isotropic. These observations are discussed in terms of the individual nanoparticles properties and its aggregation in the composites.","palabras_clave":"COMPOSITES|ELASTOMERS|IRON-COBALT OXIDES|MAGNETOELASTICITY|NANOPARTICLES|VSM|YOUNG´S MODULUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112941,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Habitat shifts and spatial distribution of the intertidal crab Neohelice  (Chasmagnathus) granulata Dana","resumen":"Intertidal zones of estuaries and embayments of the SW Atlantic are dominated by the semiterrestrial burrowing grapsid crab, Neohelice (Chasmagnathus) granulata, and characterized by extensive mud flats surrounded by salt marshes. In this work we examined spatial patterns of distribution of N. granulata during two years to explain their movement patterns. The results of the population sampling showed segregation by sex and size throughout the intertidal, with seasonal variations in densities and different condition indices for adults and juveniles at the different zones. The comparison of seasonal activity (ambulatory activity outside burrows) between marshes and mudflats shows that short term (e.g. daily) variations in activity were controlled by tides. Crabs were active at high tides but increased their activity on days with higher tidal amplitude. Seasonal activity showed that at both areas, females remain with low activity except for a peak in winter, while males showed the highest activity during summer in the mudflat zone, but not so in the marsh.This pattern can be the response to differences in stress tolerance, suggesting that high temperatures are limiting the performance of adult crabs during summer, especially at the marsh where physical conditions can be more critical. The spatial size segregation can be explained by differential mortality in each zone (estimated with tethered crabs), and by the juvenile movement between these zones (estimated with movement traps). Juvenile mortality is higher at the mudflat, while adult mortality is higher in the marsh. Smaller juveniles moved to the marsh, where the mortality is lower, and the larger juveniles moved towards the mudflat. This mortality is due almost exclusively to cannibalism, so our results suggest that this movement of different size classes between zones is controlled, at least in part, by intraspecific predation.","palabras_clave":"CANNIBALISM|SPATIAL SEGREGATION|DIFFERENTIAL MORTALITY|INTERTIDAL|CRABS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112942,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Trampling enhances the dominance of graminoids over forbs in flooded grassland mesocosms","resumen":"AbstractQuestions: What are the interactive effects of &#64258;ooding and cattle trampling upon the structural attributes and the &#64258;oristic composition of a plant community? Do the effects on the plant community persist over an extended recovery period?Location: Flooding Pampa grasslands, Argentina (361300S, 581300W).Methods: We assessed the effects of 40-d of &#64258;ooding, trampling and thecombination thereof on plant cover and biomass, vertical distribution of foliageand &#64258;oristic composition in lowland grassland mesocosms. We considered a120-d recovery period to evaluate the persistence of &#64258;ooding and trampling effects on the plant community.Results: Flooding, with or without trampling, increased cover and biomass of the graminoid species, especially marsh grasses, which developed a taller canopy, whereas most of the forb species were negatively affected. This was enhanced by trampling, as the aerial biomass of the dominant legume Lotus tenuis decreased by 90%, while three major forb species disappeared. Trampling under &#64258;ooding conditions did not reduce the total above-ground biomass production, as the growth enhancement of graminoids was enough to com-pensate for the breakdown of the forbs. Below-ground biomass was lowerwhen both perturbations occurred simultaneously. After 120-d of recovery,graminoids continued to be dominant while the remaining forbs (including L. tenuis) recovered only partially. Below-ground biomass recovered fully at the end of the growing season.Conclusions: The combination of &#64258;ooding and trampling shifts the community co-dominance of graminoids and forbs towards a persistent dominance of graminoid species. When both perturbations are combined, the above-ground production of the grassland is unaffected and root biomass is rapidly recovered.However, the loss of the legume L. tenuis deserves attention because this is the unique nitrogen-&#64257;xing species of the ecosystem, which improves the forage quality for livestock production.","palabras_clave":"Community structure|Flooding|Grassland recovery|Grazing|Lotus tenuis|Trampling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112943,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lymphadenectomy exacerbates tumor growth while lymphadenectomy plus the adoptive transfer of autologous cytotoxic cells and low-dose cyclophosphamide induces regression of an established murine fibrosarcoma","resumen":"Tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN) ablation isroutinely performed in the management of cancer; nevertheless,its usefulness is at present a matter of debate. TDLNare central sites where T cell priming to tumor antigens andonset of the antitumor immune response occur. However,tumor-induced immunosuppression has been demonstratedat TDLN, leading to downregulation of antitumor reactionand tolerance induction. Tolerance in turn is a mainimpairment for immunotherapy trials. We used a murineimmunogenic fibrosarcoma that evolves to a tolerogenicstate, to study the cellular and molecular mechanismsunderlying tolerance induction at the level of TDLN and todesign an appropriate immunotherapy. We determined thatfollowing a transient activation, the established tumorinduces signs of immunosuppression at TDLN that coexistwith local and systemic evidences of antitumor response.Therefore, we evaluated the feasibility of removing TDLNin order to eliminate a focus of immunosuppression andfavor tumor rejection; but instead, a marked exacerbation oftumor growth was induced. Combining TDLN ablation withthe in vivo depletion of regulatory cells by low-dosecyclophosphamide and the restoring of the TDLN-derivedcells into the donor mouse by adoptive transference, resultedin lowered tumor growth, enhanced survival and a considerabledegree of tumor regression. Our results demonstratethat important antitumor elements can be eliminated by lymphadenectomy and proved that the concurrent administrationof low-dose chemotherapy along with the reinoculationof autologous cytotoxic cells provides protection. Wesuggest that this protocol may be useful, especially in thecases where lymphadenectomy is mandatory.lymphadenectomy and proved that the concurrent administrationof low-dose chemotherapy along with the reinoculationof autologous cytotoxic cells provides protection. Wesuggest that this protocol may be useful, especially in thecases where lymphadenectomy is mandatory.lymphadenectomy and proved that the concurrent administrationof low-dose chemotherapy along with the reinoculationof autologous cytotoxic cells provides protection. Wesuggest that this protocol may be useful, especially in thecases where lymphadenectomy is mandatory.","palabras_clave":"TUMOR IMMUNITY |TOLERANCE|IMMUNOTHERAPY|TUMOR-DRAINING LYMPH NODE |LYMPHADENECTOMY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112944,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Integrated analyses of chromosome, molecular and morphological variability in the Andean mice Eligmodontia puerulus and E. moreni (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae","resumen":"Patterns of evolution and systematics of sigmodontine rodents are matters of continuous revision and debate. The silky mouse, Eligmodontia, is a phyllotine rodent adapted to arid  environments. Chromosomal and molecular data have identified six species in this genus. Among these E. puerulus and E. moreni are sister taxa from the high Andean and lowland deserts respectively, with  large chromosomal differences and intermediate levels of molecular divergence. The purpose of our study was to quantify the degree of variability (morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular) and to  analyze its evolutionary implications within, and between, these sister species in the Monte and Puna biomes of Argentina. Our results show a high variability at the chromosomal and molecular level, but  low morphological differentiation among populations of E. puerulus. Diploid numbers vary from 31 to 37 due to a complex Robertsonian system, whereas cytochrome-b distances range from 0.15% to 5.75%. On the other hand, E. moreni shows high morphological differentiation between populations, but low intraspecific differentiation at the molecular (from 0.73% to 1.4%) and chromosomal level (2n=52). Comparison of E. puerulus with E. moreni reveals high morphological and chromosomal  distinction between them, but absence of molecular differentiation. Our results suggest that: 1) the high genetic variability of E. puerulus could be associated to its geographic distribution in the complex  topography of the high Andean Puna; 2) the high morphological differentiation between E. moreni and E. puerulus could be the result of natural selection; and 3) molecular polyphyly between E. puerulus  and E. moreni could be due to introgression or a recent split of these taxa. Finally, our results emphasize the need to integrate different datasets in the analysis of species variability and diversification, as tools for understanding their evolutionary histories.","palabras_clave":"Eligmodontia|variability|Morphology|Cytogenetics|Cytocrome b"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112945,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"XY1Y2 chromosome system in Salinomys delicatus (Rodentia, Cricetidae)","resumen":"Salinomys delicatus is considered a rare species due to its restricted and patchy distribution, poor records and low abundances. It is also the phyllotine with the lowest known diploid chromosome number (2n = 18), however its sex chromosome system has never been described. Here, we studied the chromosomes of six females and three males with bands G, C, DAPI\/CMA3 and meiosis. In males, the chromosome number was 2n = 19, with one large metacentric X-chromosome and two med- ium-sized acrocentrics absent in females. The karyotype of females was the same as previously described (2n = 18, FN = 32), with X-chromosomes being metacentric and the largest elements of the complement. In males, the two acrocentrics and the large metacentric form a trivalent in meiotic prophase. This indicates that S. delicatus has XY1Y2 sex chromosomes, which is confirmed by G and DAPI bands. Constitutive heterochromatin (CH) is restricted to small pericentromeric blocks in all chromo- somes. The X-chromosome shows the largest block of centromeric CH, which could favor the establishment of this X-autosome translocation. This sex chromosome sys- tem is rare in mammals and, compared with other phyllo- tine rodents, S. delicatus seems to have undergone a major chromosome restructuring during its karyotypic evolution.","palabras_clave":"SALINOMYS DELICATUS|CRICETIDAE|KARYOTYPIC EVOLUTION|NEO-SEX CHROMOSOMES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112946,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DIFFERENTIAL USE OF VERTICAL SPACE BY SMALL MAMMALS IN THE MONTE DESERT,  ARGENTINA","resumen":"Space use in deserts has usually been considered only along the horizontal dimension; however, vertical structure could be an important variable for habitat segregation among small mammal species. Our study assessed the use of vertical space by small mammals of the Monte Desert by live-trapping animals at different heights. We recorded 1,336 captures of 4 rodent and 1 marsupial species in 27,600 trap-nights. All 5 species were captured on the ground and in tree layers, but only the gray leaf-eared mouse (Graomys griseoflavus) and the desert mouse opossum (Thylamys pallidior) significantly used the vertical space. G. griseoflavus used the arboreal space independently of habitat, plant species or branch diameter, whereas T. pallidior showed a more selective behavior, being present at higher heights and on large-diameter branches of Prosopis trees than others. All rodent species used lower more than higher heights of arboreal strata. They used heights more or only during the dry season when resource availability is low. Our study suggests that vertical structure offers greater opportunities to acquire resources when these are scarce and plays a role in the coexistence of small desert mammals. ","palabras_clave":"arboreal activity|aridlands|marsupials|Monte Desert|rodents|scansorial|space use|vertical strata"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112947,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mating system parameters and genetic structure in Argentinean populations of Acacia caven (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae)","resumen":"Acacia caven (Mol.) Mol. is native to SouthAmerica. The species is a leguminous, woody small treethat is considered to have certain potential as a managedsilvopastoral crop. Six varieties have been described for thespecies based on both morphological traits and molecularmarkers. Little information is available on its mating system.The main objectives of this work were to test thehypothesis that A. caven is an outcrosser and to estimateparameters of its mating system and population structureon the basis of isozyme markers. In the four populationsstudied, a high homozygote excess was found in theprogeny population but not in the mother plant genotypes.The estimate for the multi-locus outcrossing rate (tm) washigh (&gt;0.957) in all populations, indicating that Acaciacaven is a predominantly outcrosser species. The results ofgenetic structure analysis within each population indicatedthat differences in allelic frequencies among families in allof the populations studied are highly significant. The differencein F estimates between progeny and mother plantssuggests some selection favouring heterozygotes betweenthe seedling and adult stages. Therefore, a strategy for exsitu conservation might emphasise sampling more populationswith a relative large number of trees per site. ","palabras_clave":"Acacia caven|outcrosser|mating system parameters|genetic structure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112948,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationships involving several types of extractives of five native argentine wood species of genera Prosopis and Acacia","resumen":"The relationships existing among the values obtained when extracting the wood of four Argentineanspecies of Prosopis (P. alba, P. kuntzei, P. nigra, and P. ruscifolia) and one of the Acacia (A. aroma) by several procedures were evaluated and discussed. The used methods were: extraction in toluene\/ethanol and hot water; determination of tannic and non-tannic content; measurement of phenolic compounds. Additionally, liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also used in order to quantitatively evaluate the content of mesquitol, a relatively unusual flavonoid (flavanol type). The total amount of Oxidation Products was also measured. They result from oxidation and polymerization processes of phenolic compounds occurring during heartwood formation, and were not separated during chromatographic analysis. Data evidenced a linear trend (R2 = 0.970) between organic and tannic extractives of all species, and a similar one (R2 = 0.927) between total phenols and tannic (or organic) extractives in the case of heartwood of Prosopis species. Interestingly, for sapwood very different values of organic extracts, tannic content or Oxidation Products type compounds were measured in spite of a similar amount of phenolic substances. Moreover, the various species presented the same peaks in chromatograms, thus evidencing the chemical similarity of compounds but a different quantity between heartwood and sapwood and also among the various species. The observed similarity implied that the various methods of extraction did not really extract only a single class of substances, and that great care must be adopted when using some specific procedures for extractions. Furthermore, the existing relationships between extractives and selected technological properties, namely specific volumetric shrinkage coefficient (BSvol) and natural durability (evaluated in terms of mass loss after fungal attacks in laboratory conditions), were given. It appeared that in heartwood BSvol was well correlated to organic extractives (R2 = 0.984), thus evidencing the microimpregnation of cell walls by extractives, but the fitting quality of the correlation was dependent on the type of extractives used. Analogously, a good relationship between mass loss and phenolic compounds existed (R2 = 0.764), and in this case the value of R2 was even more dependent on the considered extracts. Moreover, the availability of quantitative data on several Prosopis species allowed to consistently evaluate the bioactivity of mesquitol on the resistance against fungal attack, and the logarithmic form of the relationship between mass loss and mesquitol content suggested a direct fungicidal activity of this compound. On the other hand, data also evidenced that neither phenolic compounds nor mesquitol can be considered as the unique and definite factor able to determine the durability of the considered species.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"ORGANIC EXTRACTIVES|AQUEOUS EXTRACTIVES|TANNIC CONTENT|PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112949,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Solapamiento trófico entre el lobo marino de un pelo Otaria flavescens y la pesquería de arrastre demersal del golfo San Matías, Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"A nivel internacional, paralelo a la declinación y al colapso de pesquerías de gran escala, surgió un interés creciente por el estudio de las interacciones entre mamíferos marinos y pesquerías. El golfo San Matías (Patagonia, Argentina) es considerado un ecosistema pesquero independiente de las aguas de la Plataforma Continental Argentina, con condiciones oceanográficas y biológicas particulares. La condición de sistema semi-cerrado podría generar escenarios particulares para la interacción entre la flota pesquera de arrastre de fondo y la población de lobos marinos de un pelo Otaria flavescens. En el presente trabajo se caracterizó la dieta del predador y la composición de las capturas pesqueras a fin de evaluar el solapamiento trófico entre ambos componentes. A partir de este análisis y la comparación de las tallas de las presas consumidas, se encontró que la posibilidad de una interacción competitiva entre la flota pesquera y los lobos marinos, a partir de la utilización de recursos similares, sería baja en el ecosistema del golfo San Matías.","palabras_clave":"Otaria flavescens|lobo marino|golfo San Matías, |pesquería de arrastre|solapamiento trófico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112950,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Artisanal dredges as efficient and rationale harvesting gears in a Patagonian mussel fishery","resumen":"Dredges authorized to operate in shellfisheries of San Matías Gulf changed after 2000 from industrial (&#8776;300 kg, 2.5 m wide) to smaller ones (&#8776;50 kg, 1.6 m wide) exclusively operated by artisanal boats (<9.9 m long). The main objective of this study was to assess the efficiency and species selectivity of the artisanal dredge, and compare catches composition between dredge and commercial diving on a mussel fishing ground located in coastal waters. The experimental design included samplings from dredge catches, dredge tracks, control sites and commercial diving. Dredge efficiency averaged 89% and mussels represented 78% in dredge and 97% in commercial diving catches. Bycatch totalized 46 and 27 species, respectively, and was dominated by sea urchins and ophiuroids. The artisanal dredge resulted to be highly efficient compared to the industrial dredges previously used and those used worldwide. Changes of the fleet scale and gear design seem to have led to a significant reduction of the fishing effort and impact in San Matías Gulf mussel fishery.","palabras_clave":"benthic dredge,|efficiency,|selectivity,|Patagonian coastal waters"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112951,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modeling habitat use for the most conspicuous dolphins in Patagonia","resumen":"Several species of small cetacean inhabit the coastal area of Patagonia (Argentina), but little is known about their distribution and the overlap degree between them. The goal of this work is to build habitat selection models for small cetaceans in order to assess areas of particular importance for the different species. These models were constructed using physiographic and remotely-sensed variables. Thirteen aerial surveys were conducted along the Patagonian coast (from Golfo San Matías, 40º40´-42º14´S-65º00´-63º47´W to Bahía de los Nodales, 48º00´S-65º35´W) from 1994 to 2007. A grid of 0.5ºx0.5º cells was constructed for the study area. Each cell was characterized by environmental variables and by the encounter rate (ER) for each species of cetacean. ER of each species were investigated in relation to environmental variables using generalized linear models and a model averaging (multimodel-inference) was used to obtain predicted ER for different species. A correlation between ER of different species was analyzed by Spearman correlation. The environmental variables that were found significant predictors of the species distribution differed between species. The ERs of dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) and Peale´s dolphins (Lagenorhynchus australis) showed a positive relationship. Commerson´s dolphin (Cephalorhynchus commersonii) presented a more coastal distribution than the other species, and individuals are more often found feeding in estuaries zones. Knowledge of the patterns distribution of small cetacean in the Patagonian coast provides baseline knowledge of how these species interact with each other and their environment. Such information should be considered when potential areas of conflict between coastal small cetaceans and human activities will be determined.","palabras_clave":"Distribution Modelling|Dolphins|Habitat Selection|GLM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112952,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of BoHV-5 field strains circulation and report of transient specific subtype of bovine herpesvirus 5 in Argentina","resumen":"Background: Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) is a member of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae responsible for meningo-encephalitis in young cattle. The first case of bovine meningo-encephalitis associated with a herpesvirus infection was reported in Australia. The current geographical distribution of BoHV-5 infection is mainly restricted to South America, especially Brazil and Argentina. Outbreaks of BoHV-5 are regularly observed in Argentina suggesting the circulation of the virus in the bovine population.Results: Seventeen field strains of BoHV-5 isolated from 1984 to now were confirmed by differential PCR and subjected to restriction endonuclease analysis (REA). Viral DNA was cleaved with BstEII which allows the differentiation among subtypes a, b and non a, non b. According to the REA with BstEII, only one field strain showed a pattern similar to the Argentinean A663 strain (prototype of BoHV-5b). All other isolates showed a clear pattern similar to the Australian N569 strain (prototype of BoHV-5a) consistent with the subtypes observed in Brazil, the other South-American country where BoHV-5 is known to be prevalent. The genomic region of subtype b responsible for the distinct pattern was determined and amplified by PCR; specifically a point mutation was identified in glycoprotein B gene, on the BstEII restriction site, which generates the profile specific of BoHV-5b.Conclusions: This is the first report of circulation of BoHV-5a in Argentina as the prevailing subtype. Therefore the circulation of BoHV-5b was restricted to a few years in Argentina, speculating that this subtype was not able to be maintained in the bovine population. The mutation in the gB gene is associated with the difference in the restriction patterns between subtypes ?a? and ?b?.","palabras_clave":"Bovine herpesvirus 5|Argentina|Subtypes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112953,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immune response to Neospora caninum native antigens formulated with immune stimulating complexes in calves","resumen":"The aim of this study was to compare the immune responses to live&nbsp;Neospora caninum&nbsp;tachyzoites and&nbsp;N. caninum&nbsp;native antigens formulated with immune stimulating complexes matrix (ISCOM-matrix) in calves. Fifteen calves were used in this study: 3 were intravenously inoculated with 1&nbsp;?~&nbsp;108&nbsp;live tachyzoites (Group A), 3 were inoculated twice with&nbsp;N. caninum&nbsp;native antigens formulated with ISCOMs (Group B); 3 with&nbsp;N. caninum&nbsp;native antigens in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Group C); 3 received ISCOM-matrix (ISCOMs without antigen) (Group D) and 3 were negative controls receiving PBS (Group E). The last four groups were inoculated subcutaneously. The specific total IgG and its subtypes were analyzed by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and by Western blot. IFN-ƒÁ levels in plasma was quantified using a commercial kit. All calves were challenged intravenously with 1&nbsp;?~&nbsp;108&nbsp;live tachyzoites at week 11 after receiving the first dose. Parasitemia was assessed in plasma samples by semi-nested PCR.&nbsp;Neospora-specific antibodies were detected in animals from Groups A and B in the week 2 after inoculation. The ELISA OD values were higher in Group B compared with Group A from weeks 6 to 11 (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05). Analysis of the subisotype specific antibodies in experimentally infected calves revealed a predominant IgG2&nbsp;response; however, a predominant IgG1&nbsp;response was observed in animals inoculated with&nbsp;N. caninum&nbsp;native antigens formulated with ISCOM-matrix. Control calves remained seronegative until challenge infection. The pattern of bands by Western blot was similar when testing sera from animals in Groups A and B. The levels of IFN-ƒÁ production after respective immunization schedules were similar between Groups A and B.&nbsp;Neospora-DNA was detected in plasma samples shortly after intravenous challenge in calves from all groups including those receiving the experimental vaccine formulation. The duration of the parasitemia was similar in all groups.","palabras_clave":"Bovine |Immunology|ISCOMs|Neospora caninum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112954,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'XANES - PCA Analysis of Ti-Species in MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica Synthesized by Different Method","resumen":"          Abstract:  MCM-41 mesoporous silica was prepared with Ti incorporated in the structure by  two different ways: hydrothermal and atmospheric pressure by sol\u2013gel method. To  evaluate each synthesis, these materials were in situ investigated through  X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy in different stages of the  synthesis. X-ray absorption structure at the near edge region (XANES) gives the  coordination of Ti and the relative concentration of Ti-species present in the  mesoporous materials, obtained by different synthesis. The Principal Component  Analysis (PCA) of XANES spectra indicate that mesoporous silica modified by Ti  synthesized by hydrothermal method has species with majority of Ti  tetrahedrally coordinated. This coordination is increased up to six when the  sample is hydrated. In the case of the sol\u2013gel synthesis, Ti-sites have higher  mean coordination, independently from the degree of hydration.","palabras_clave":"Ti-K-XANES| PCA\/ITFA|Ti-MCMC-41|Hydrothermal synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112955,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Signo y lenguaje. Acerca de la interpretación de Apel y Lafont de Ser y Tiempo","resumen":"El siguiente trabajo está enmarcado en un estudio más amplio sobre la propuesta de una hermenéutica trascendental (Karl-Otto Apel). En tal contexto, el estudio crítico de Lafont sobre Heidegger ofrece nuevas perspectivas y desafíos sobre la cuestión del significado, la referencia, la verdad y la objetividad, entre otros, que están íntimamente conectados con la filosofía de Apel y su distinción entre constitución del sentido y justificación de la validez. En primer lugar, nos ocupamos de las características generales de lo que Cristina Lafont denomina 'idealismo lingüístico'. Luego, abordamos la crítica que la autora realiza a Ser y Tiempo, tomando como hilo conductor la cuestión del signo y la distinción habla-lenguaje (Rede-Sprache). En tercer lugar, nos ocupamos del debate (entre la propia Lafont y Carman) sobre el carácter lingüístico o prelingüístico del significado. Finalizamos presentando algunas inquietudes respecto de una concepción de la referencia directa, defendida también por Apel.","palabras_clave":"Karl-Otto Apel|Hermenéutica|Filosofía del lenguaje"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112956,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inhibition of the hydrogenation of tetralin by nitrogen and sulfur compounds over Ir\/SBA-16","resumen":"In this work we study the catalytic properties of 5 wt.% Ir-containing SBA-16 catalysts (with and without aluminum as heteroatom), in the hydrogenation of tetralin to decalin, in the presence of 100 ppm of N as quinoline, indole and carbazole , and 100 ppm of S as dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene at 250 &#9702;C and 15 atm of pressure of hydrogen, using a Parr reactor. Ir\/SBA-16 and Ir\/Al-SBA-16 were prepared by wetness impregnation using Iridium Acetylacetonate as source of Ir. The Ir\/SBA-16 catalyst synthesized by us had high activity measured in tetralin hydrogenation at mild conditions. The experimental data was quantitatively represented by a modified Langmuir\u2013Hinshelwood type rate equation, using the apparent adsorption constants calculated from the inhibition results for the individual compounds. The catalyst showed a good resistance to sulfur and nitrogen compounds. The inhibiting effect increased in the order: DBT &lt; quinoline &lt; 4,6-dimethyl-DBT &lt; indole &lt; carbazole. Theinhibiting effect of the nitrogen\/sulfur compounds was strong, but the activity was still higher than with commercial NiMo\/alumina catalyst.We present in this contribution a successfully developed, high loaded and well dispersed Ir\/SBA-16 catalysts, that have been shown to maintain a useful catalytic activity, even in the presence of relatively high amounts of sulfur compounds (up to 100 ppm, sulfur basis). Consequently, economically successful processes have evolved, based on this class of catalysts.","palabras_clave":"Iridium containing SBA-16|Hydrogenation Inhibition|Reaction kinetic|Sulfur, Nitrogen compounds"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112957,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and Characterization of New Composites: PANI\/Na-AlSBA-3 and PANI\/Na-AlSBA-16","resumen":"The new aluminosilicate materials (Na-AlSBA-3 and Na-AlSBA-16) were  synthesized for application in the preparation of composites. Silica  mesoporous materials were obtained following the sol\u2013gel method and  post-synthesis alumination. These methods were effective for the  synthesis of SBA-3 and SBA-16, showing XRD patterns and other  characteristics in agreement with the literature.Aniline-saturated  hosts were prepared by adsorption of aniline (exposed to the  equilibrium vapors from liquid aniline) into the mesoporous materials.  Polyaniline\/Na-AlSBA-3 (PANI-3) and polyaniline\/Na-AlSBA-16 (PANI-16)  composites have been synthesized by an in situ polymerization of  aniline-saturated hosts. TG, FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM were used to  characterize the resulting composites. These studies show that PANI is  generated inside the channel of the hosts. PANI-16 has an amount of  emeraldine salt higher than PANI-3 composite. The electrical  conductivity measurements confirmed that PANI and mesoporous materials  were true hybrid nanocomposites. The conductive properties of these  composites were compared with those of other composites  (polyaniline\/Na-AlMCM-41 and polyaniline\/Na-AlSBA-15) reported.","palabras_clave":"Composites- Nanostructures  |Polymers |Infrared spectroscopy | X-ray diffraction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112958,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An online ionic liquid-based microextraction system coupled to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for cobalt determination in environmental samples and pharmaceutical formulations","resumen":"In the present work, an ionic liquid (IL) lighter than water was employed as extraction solvent in a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) methodology. An original flow injection system for on-line microextraction and preconcentration of cobalt (Co) based on the IL tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium chloride (CYPHOS® IL 101) was designed. Previous extraction, cobalt was complexed with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) reagent at pH 4.8. A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure based on IL (IL-DLLME) was developed by dispersing the CYPHOS® IL 101 with acetone in an aqueous solution containing Co-PAR complex. Different pyridylazo dyes were evaluated for Co preconcentration in terms of their molecular structure, stability and acid-base equilibrium. On-line extraction of Co-PAR into the IL and separation of the dispersed IL enriched phase was accomplished with a microcolumn containing Florisil material. Cobalt was removed from the microcolumn with a 10% (v\/v) HNO3 acidified-acetone solution and finally measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The detection limit achieved after preconcentration of 2 mL of sample solution was 8 ng L-1. The precision for 10 replicate determinations at the 5 &#956;g L-1 Co level was 4.8% relative standard deviation (RSD), calculated from the peak heights obtained. The method was successfully applied to Co determination in water samples as well as ophthalmic and parenteral solutions. For the first time, an IL-based microextraction technique was applied for metal determination in these complex samples, where Co recovery varied between 97.9 and 103%.","palabras_clave":"Ionic Liquid|Cobalt|Tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium chloride (CYPHOS® IL 101)|Microextraction|Pharmaceutical formulations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112959,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Using ZooImage automated system for the estimation of biovolume of copepods from the northern Argentine Sea","resumen":"A total of 46 samples from coastal and shelf sectors from the northern Argentine Sea (34° - 41° S) were digitized to compare the performance of the new ZooImage analysis method for copepod abundance and biovolume estimations. A training set of 1437 objects were used for automatic discrimination using a Random Forest algorithm with a general accuracy of 83.92%. A total of 11 taxa were automatically classified. Copepods were divided in three categories: Large calanoids, small calanoids and cyclopoids and identified with an accuracy of 83.15%, 79.5% and 85.7% respectively. The discriminant analysis revealed both the equivalent circular diameter (ECD) and the area were the best variables to differentiate the three copepod categories. Samples were previously quantified by optical methods in order to compare with automated results. Automated copepod biovolume measurements were estimated from individual calculations applying new ZooImage allometric parameters, and were compared with manual calculations using specific size\/biovolume equations. It was demonstrated that ZooImage can potentially be used as a tool for abundance and biovolume estimations of calanoid and cyclopoid copepods and allow us to obtain results more rapidly by reducing the time lag involved using traditional measuring methods.","palabras_clave":"ZOOPLANKTON, |IMAGE ANALYSIS|SOUTHWESTERN  ATLANTIC|BIOMASS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112960,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"One Step Lithography of Polypyrrole","resumen":"Large areas of polypyrrole (PPy) thin films deposited onto inert polymeric substrates are structured by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). Several square millimeter areas could be produced with one single (10 ns) pulse, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Nanometric arrays of lines (>600 nm) or grids of PPy deposited on dielectric polymers polypropilene or polypirrol (PP or PE) are fabricated by DLIP at 355 nm. The period of the lines structures, measured by white light interferometry (WLI), is 3.5mm. Regular structures are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a focus ion beam (FIB) tomography. It is shown that only the PPy film is structured while the PP or PE substrate remains unaltered. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-vis spectroscopy, permit to ensure that PPy chemical structure remains unaltered after the structuration process. The width of PPy lines can be tailored by controlling the fluence of the laser beam. Contact angle measurement shows that the wettability is affected by the structuring, making the surface more hydrophobic. The structuring technique seems to be suitable for the fabrication of PPy regular structures over various substrates.","palabras_clave":"DIRECT LASER INTERFERNCE|POLYPYRROLE|WETTABILITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112961,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photocatalytic bleaching of aqueous malachite green solutions by UV-A and blue-light-illuminated TiO2 spherical nanoparticles modified with tungstophosphoric acid","resumen":"Visible-light-responsive spherical TiO2 particles were prepared by the sol\u2013gel method by adding urea as pore-forming agent and tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) in different ratios (20% and 30% w\/w) and by annealing at 500&nbsp;°C for 2&nbsp;h. Visible light absorption is probably due to WOx formation (i.e. WO3) resulting from the partial degradation of TPA and evidenced by XPS spectra. Besides, 31P NMR and XPS results showed evidence about the existence of mostly unaltered TPA within TiO2 nanoparticles and on their surface, together with lacunar or dimeric species. TPA addition not only affected the optical properties of materials but also produced a strong decrease of their point of zero charge (pHpzc). Results obtained under UV-A irradiation revealed that aqueous malachite green (MG) solutions were efficiently bleached through the oxidative process of N-demethylation being the TiO2 powder containing 30% (w\/w) of TPA (TiO2\u2013TPA\u201330%) (100% of bleaching in 60&nbsp;min) the most active even than Degussa P-25 (80% of MG bleaching in 60&nbsp;min). On the other hand, when blue-light irradiation was used, TiO2\u2013TPA\u201330% powder also revealed the highest photocatalytic bleaching of MG solutions which, as in the case of UV-A light irradiation experiments, was oxidized through N-demethylation processes. Finally, experiments carried out using blue-light irradiation under N2 atmosphere showed that aqueous MG solutions were not bleached by TiO2 powders containing TPA.","palabras_clave":"Heterogeneous TiO2 photocatalysis; |Visible light responsive TiO2|Tungstophosphoric acid|Malachite green"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112962,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photocatalytic discoloration of aqueous Malachite Green solutions by UV-illuminated TiO2 nano-particles under air and nitrogen atmospheres: Effects of counter-ions and pH","resumen":"Under   air atmosphere, the photocatalytic discoloration of malachite green   (MG) aqueous solutions (a triphenylmethane dye) in presence of TiO2   and UV light followed an oxidative pathway, involving an   N-demethylation process evidenced by a blue shifting of the main   absorption band with maximum at 618 nm. This oxidative process was   affected by the nature of the dye counter-ion and the pH of the   solution. At pH 6.0, the oxidation was found to be faster than at pH   3.0, perhaps due to the poor interactions between MG and the   semiconductor surface. Furthermore, the presence of oxalate as   counter-ion, the oxidative photocatalytic discoloration was negatively   affected mainly at acidic pH.     Under   nitrogen atmosphere, some evidences were found about the double   behaviour of MG when involved in the photocatalytic discoloration   reactions pertaining to TiO2 under these conditions. MG could   be simultaneously oxidized, forming N-demethlyated by-products, or   reduced thus leading to leuco malachite green (LMG) (a colorless and   toxic substance) as main product. The LMG formation is favoured at low   pH in the presence of oxalate as counter-ion.","palabras_clave":"heterogeneous TiO2 photocatalysis|Degussa P-25|malachite green|leuco malachite green"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112963,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mechanisms of intake induction of a low-nutritious food in sheep (Ovis aries)","resumen":"Intake induction refers to the phenomenon in which animals increase the consumption of a less-valued meal when followed by a highly-preferred food than when followed by no food or the same less-preferred food. In the Training phase of the present experiment, we assessed the induction effect in sheep using a within-subject design where learning could be tested while controlling for digestive state. Results showed that, once consumption reached stability, subjects ate more oat hay (low-nutritious food) when followed than when preceded by soybean meal (preferred food), supporting the learning hypothesis. The second, Revaluation, phase of the experiment had the goal of exploring the associative mechanism of induction, for which we paired gastric malaise caused by lithium chloride intoxication with consumption of soybean meal or a control food. Despite subjects partially rejecting soybean meal relative to controls after the aversive conditioning protocol, oat hay consumption seemed unaffected by soybean meal devaluation. We conclude that intake induction in sheep may rely on changes in hedonic properties of the low-nutritious food based on its association with post-ingestive feedback from the preferred food (hedonic hypothesis), but not on an explicit anticipation of the latter (signalling hypothesis). ","palabras_clave":"consumption|induction|low-nutritious food|nutrient supplementation|ruminants|sheep"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112964,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Clustering gene expression data with a penalized graph-based metric","resumen":"BACKGROUND:The search for cluster structure in microarray datasets is a base problem for the so-called ``-omic sciences''. A difficult problem in clustering is how to handle data with a manifold structure, i.e. data that is not shaped in the form of compact clouds of points, forming arbitrary shapes or paths embedded in a high-dimensional space, as could be the case of some gene expression datasets. RESULTS:In this work we introduce the Penalized k-Nearest-Neighbor-Graph based (PKNNG) metric, a new tool for evaluating distances in such cases. The new metric can be used in combination with most clustering algorithms. The PKNNG metric is based on a two-step procedure: first it constructs the k-Nearest-Neighbor-Graph of the dataset of interest using a low k-value and then it adds edges with a highly penalized weight for connecting the sub-graphs produced by the first step. We discuss several possible schemes for connecting the different sub-graphs as well as penalization functions. We show clustering results on several public gene expression datasets and simulated artificial problems to evaluate the behavior of the new metric.CONCLUSIONS:In all cases the PKNNG metric shows promising clustering results. The use of the PKNNG metric can improve the performance of commonly used pairwise-distance based clustering methods, to the level of more advanced algorithms. A great advantage of the new procedure is that researchers do not need to learn a new method, they can simply compute distances with the PKNNG metric and then, for example, use hierarchical clustering to produce an accurate and highly interpretable dendrogram of their high-dimensional data.","palabras_clave":"CLUSTERING|ISOMAP|GENE EXPRESSION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112965,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of a new hybrid algorithm for highly imbalanced classification problems","resumen":"Many times in classi&#64257;cation problems, particularly in critical real world applications, one of the classes has much less samples than the others (usually known as the class imbalance problem). In this work we discuss and evaluate the use of the REPMAC algorithm to solve imbalanced problems. Using a clustering method, REPMAC recursively splits the majority class in several subsets, creating a decision tree, until the resulting sub-problems are balanced or easy to solve. We use two diverse clustering methods and three di&#64256;erent classi&#64257;ers coupled with REPMAC to evaluate the new method on several benchmark datasets spanning a wide range of number of features, samples and imbalance degree. We also apply our method to a real world problem, the identi&#64257;cation of weed seeds. We &#64257;nd that the good performance of REPMAC is almost independent of the classi&#64257;er or the clustering method coupled to it, which suggests that its success is mostly related to the use of an appropriate strategy to cope with imbalanced problems.","palabras_clave":"HYBRID METHODS|IMBALANCED PROBLEMS|CLUSTERING|CLASSIFICATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112966,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quantitative Determination of Superoxide in Plant Leaves Using a Modified NBT Staining Method","resumen":"Introduction - In plants, ROS (reactive oxygen species) level is tightly regulated because its accumulation produces structural and functional irreversible damages leading to cell death. However, ROS accumulation plays a key role in plant signaling under biotic or abiotic stress. Although various methods were reported to evaluate ROS accumulation, they are restricted to model plants or provide only qualitative information. Objective - Develop a simple method to quantify superoxide radicals produced in plant tissues, based on the selective extraction of the formazan produced after nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction in histochemical staining. Methodology - Samples of plant leaves were stained with a standard NBT method and the formazan precipitated in tissues was selectively extracted using chloroform. Organic phase was dried and formazan residue dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide-potassium hydroxide and quantified by spectrophotometry. The method was tested in strawberry plant leaves under different stressing conditions. Results - Formazan extracted from leaves subjected to stress conditions, showed similar absorption spectra to those obtained from standard solutions using pure formazan. Calibration curves showed a linear relationship between absorbance and formazan amounts, within the range 0,5 - 8 micrograms. Outcomes suggested that formazan was retained in the solid residue of leaf tissues. This protocol allowed us to quantify superoxide radicals produced under different stress conditions. Conclusion - Chloroform allowed a selective formazan extraction and to remove potential endogenous, exogenous or procedural artifacts the may interfere with the quantitative determination. This protocol can be used to quantify the superoxide produced in plant tissues using any traditional qualitative NBT histochemical staining method. ","palabras_clave":"Fromazan|Superoxide radical|Reactive oxygen species|Strawberry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112967,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Induced Resistance Activated by a Culture Filtrate derived from an Avirulent Pathogen as a Mechanism of Biological Control of Anthracnose in Strawberry","resumen":"In a previous report, it was described that strawberry plants pre-treated with an avirulent isolate of Colletotrichum fragariae (M23) acquired resistance to a virulent isolate of Colletotrichum acutatum (M11) causing anthracnose. In this report we present evidence that the eliciting activity can be found not only in conidial extracts but in culture supernatants of the avirulent pathogen as well. Plants of the cv. Pájaro treated with the culture filtrate (CF) derived from M23, 3 days prior to the inoculation with M11 showed significantly reduced disease severity as compared to control plants and the disease was completely suppressed when plants were pre-treated 7 days before the challenge inoculation with M11. The same effect was achieved when a single leaf was sprayed with CF, suggesting that the resistance acquired is systemic. Control treatments showed that none of the active extracts inhibited the growth of the virulent pathogen, indicating that the protection effect was due to the induction of a defense response. The latter was confirmed by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (e.g. hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion) and the deposition of lignin and callose, usually associated to plant defense, after the CF treatment. Experiments carried out with other strawberry cultivars treated with CF showed that also protected them against different virulent isolates, suggesting that the response observed is cultivar-nonspecific. These outcomes indicate that the protection against anthracnose in strawberry involves a phenomenon of induced resistance (IR) by action of defense-eliciting molecules produced by M23.","palabras_clave":"Strawberry|Colletotrichum|Anthracnose|Elicitor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112968,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Determinación de la identidad en la agricultura y efectos colaterales","resumen":"No sólo por la producción de alimentos la agricultura se inmiscuye en casi todos los órdenes de la vida en sociedad. Así como la agricultura es uno de los inventos clave que posibilitó el desarrollo social moderno al permitir que las poblaciones sedentarias reemplacen a las nómades, en este artículo se describen algunos ejemplos de investigaciones agronómicas tendientes a la identificación de plantas y microorganismos relacionados con las mismas, que han tenido además de los resultados buscados, en algunos casos, implicancias en campos de aplicación de las ciencias sociales.","palabras_clave":"Germoplasma|Vitroplantas|Marcadores moleculares"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112969,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Azospirillum brasilense siderophores with antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum","resumen":"Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum is one of the most important diseases in strawberry crop. Due to environmental pollution and resistance produced by chemical fungicides, nowadays biological control is considered a good alternative for crop protection. Among biocontrol agents, there are plant growth-promoting bacteria, such as members of the genus Azospirillum. In this work, we demonstrate that under iron limiting conditions different strains of A. brasilense produce siderophores, exhibiting different yields and rates of production according to their origin. Chemical assays revealed that strains REC2 and REC3 secrete catechol type siderophores, including salicylic acid, detected by thin layer chromatography coupled with fluorescence spectroscopy and gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analysis. Siderophores produced by them showed in vitro antifungal activity against C. acutatum M11. Furthermore, this latter coincided with results obtained from phytopathological tests performed in planta, where a reduction of anthracnose symptoms on strawberry plants previously inoculated with A. brasilense was observed. These outcomes suggest that some strains of A. brasilense could act as biocontrol agent preventing anthracnose disease in strawberry.","palabras_clave":"Azospirillum brasilense|Frutilla|Colletotrichum acutatum|Sideróforos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112970,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A knowledge-based evolutionary assistant to software development project scheduling","resumen":"The scheduling of software development projects is a central, non-trivial and costly task for software companies. This task is not exempt of erroneous decisions caused by human limitations inherent to project managers. In this paper, we propose a knowledge-based evolutionary approach with the aim of assisting to project managers at the early stage of scheduling software projects. Given a software project to be scheduled, the approach automatically designs feasible schedules for the project, and evaluates each designed schedule according to an optimization objective that is priority for managers at the mentioned stage. Our objective is to assign the most effective set of employees to each project activity. For this reason, the evaluation of designed schedules in our approach is developed based on available knowledge about the competence of the employees involved in each schedule. This knowledge arises from historical information about the participation of the employees in already executed projects. In order to evaluate the&nbsp; performance of our evolutionary approach, we present computational experiments developed over eight different sets of problem instances. The obtained results are promising since this approach has reached an optimal level of effectivity on seven of the eight mentioned sets, and a high level of effectivity on the remaining set.","palabras_clave":"PROJECT SCHEDULING|SOFTWARE PROJECTS|HUMAN RESOURCE ASSIGNMENT|MULTI-SKILLED RESOURCES|HETEROGENEOUS EFFECTIVITIES|GENETIC ALGORITHMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112971,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Argumentation-based Negotiation Planning for Autonomous agents","resumen":"When we negotiate, the arguments uttered to persuade the opponent are not the result of an&nbsp; isolated analysis, but of an integral view of the problem that we want to agree about. Before the negotiation starts, we have in mind what arguments we can utter, what opponent we can persuade, which negotiation can finish successfully and which cannot. Thus, we plan the negotiation, and in particular, the argumentation. This fact allows us to take decisions in advance and to start the negotiation more confidently. With this in mind, we claim that this planning can be exploited by an autonomous agent. Agents plan the actions that they should execute to achieve their goals. In these plans, some actions are under the agent's control, while some others are not. The latter must be negotiated with other agents. Negotiation is usually carried out during the plan execution. In our opinion, however, negotiation can be considered during the planning stage, as in real life. In this paper, we present a novel approach to integrate argumentation-based negotiation planning into the general planning process of an autonomous agent. This integration allows the agent to take key decisions in advance. We evaluated this proposal in a multiagent scenario by comparing the performance of agents that plan the argumentation and agents that do not. These evaluations demonstrated that performance improves when the argumentation is planned, specially, when the negotiation alternatives increase.","palabras_clave":"ARGUMENTATION-BASED NEGOTIATION|AUTONOMOUS AGENTS|MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS|NEGOTIATION PLANNING|CONFLICT RESOLUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112972,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Personalized detection of user intentions","resumen":"Interface agents are strategic software components for improving the quality of services to users. In order to be accepted by users, interface agents need to make useful suggestions always in the context of the user´s intention. The user´s intention should be detected as soon as possible so that the agent can dene a way to collaborate with the user. Plan recognition can be applied to identify the user´s goal based on his or her actions in the environment. However, classical approaches to plan recognition fail in two main aspects that make them unsuitable for being used by interface agents: the lack of&nbsp; personalization and the lack of consideration of the transition between different goals pursued by the user. We propose an approach to capture intentions taking into account the variables involved in the application domain that represent the user preferences. Experimental evaluations show us that we have found a way for early detection of intentions.","palabras_clave":"PLAN RECOGNITION|INTERFACE AGENTS|USER\/MACHINE SYSTEMS|KNOWLEDGE PERSONALIZATION|KNOWLEDGE CUSTOMIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112973,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Metastatic Cancer Stem Cells: New Molecular Targets for Cancer Therapy","resumen":"The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis, predicts that a small subpopulation of cancer cells that possess \u201Cstemlike\u201D  characteristics, are responsible for initiating and maintaining cancer growth. According to the CSC model the many  cell populations found in a tumour might represent diverse stages of differentiation. From the cellular point of view metastasis  is considered a highly inefficient process and only a subset of tumour cells is capable of successfully traversing the  entire metastatic cascade and eventually re-initiates tumour growth at distant sites. Some similar features of both normal  and malignant stem cells suggest that CSCs are not only responsible for tumorigenesis, but also for metastases. The CSC  theory proposes that the ability of a tumour to metastasize is an inherent property of a subset of CSCs. The similar biological  characteristics shared by normal stem cells (NSCs) and CSCs mainly implicate self-renewal and differentiation potential,  survival ability, niche-specific microenvironment requirements and specific homing to metastatic sites and may  have important implications in terms of new approaches to cancer therapy in the metastatic setting. There are several  agents targeting many of these CSC features that have shown to be effective both in vitro and in vivo. Although clinical  trials results are still preliminary and continue under investigation, these new therapies are very promising. The identification  of new therapeutic targets and drugs based on CSC model constitutes a great challenge.","palabras_clave":"cancer stem cells|metastatic process|self-renewal ability|aberrant differentiation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112974,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lead Concentrations in Zooplankton, Water, and Particulate Matter of a Southwestern Atlantic Temperate Estuary (Argentina)","resumen":"This study presents for the first time valuable results of lead lead (Pb) accumulation in zooplankton from a southwestern Atlantic temperate estuary, the Bahía Blanca estuary, one of the most important and industrialized coastal environments of Argentina. It considers Pb concentrations in zooplankton organisms as well as in the dissolved and particulate phases. These fractions were analyzed on account of their important role in the biogeochemical cycles of trace elements in estuarine environments. In addition, the major physicochemical variables, i.e., nutrients, and pigment concentrations, and zooplankton composition and abundance, were also considered to understand Pb levels in the above-mentioned fractions. Samplings were performed from March to December 2005 with a bimonthly frequency and comprised a study area with stations located near industrial settlements and other stations a few kilometers far from these points. The results of the physicochemical variables and nutrients and pigments agreed with historic values for the estuary and did not present any evidence of abnormalities. Dissolved Pb presented a mean concentration of 2.15 ± 0.46 &#61549;g L-1, whereas particulate Pb presented a mean concentration of 13.52 ± 3.07 &#61549;g g-1dry weight (dw). In the mesozooplankton, represented by copepods, the mean concentration was similar to the particulate fraction (13.38 ± 4.41 &#61549;g g-1 dw), whereas in the macrozooplankton, represented by mysids, it was lower (9.81 ± 1.89 &#61549;g g-1 dw). Thus, Pb concentrations were relatively high in the dissolved and particulate phases. Moreover, zooplankton accumulated important concentrations of this metal, which was mainly incorporated through suspended particulate matter (SPM). The source of Pb in all of these fractions is related to the industry discharges as well domestic sewage located near the sampling stations. Finally, through these results, it was possible to show the importance of zooplankton and SPM in the biogeochemical cycle of Pb as well as the interaction between these fractions in an estuarine and anthropogenic environment, such as the Bahía Blanca estuary.","palabras_clave":"heavy metals|zooplankton|estuaries"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112975,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"10B concentration evaluation in autoradiography images by optical density measurements","resumen":"The quantification and analysis of the tracks forming the autoradiography image of a tissue section is essential for the measurement of particle emitter concentration and distribution (e.g. (10)B) in the sample. Conventional counting techniques cannot be used when track density is high because of track overlapping. A densitometry supported by image analysis method suitable for these cases has been developed. Optical density measurements obtained for boron solutions of known concentrations showed a linear behavior in the range of concentrations under consideration.","palabras_clave":"10B |autoradiography|optical density|measurements"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112976,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of Minerals and Rocks by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy","resumen":"Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique was  applied for rapid analysis of major and minor elements composing geological  samples including minerals, rocks, and a soil sample. The plasma was  produced in air at atmospheric pressure by focusing on the targets a pulsed  infrared Nd:YAG laser in open-path configuration. The emitted light in the  UV-Vis was analyzed by a compact LIBS system to measure spectral emission  lines of Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K, Mg, C, Cu, Mn, and Ti. The experimental  issues relevant for the analysis of the different samples were investigated by  taking into account their peculiar features: drilling through a weathered  layer, roughness and grain-size considerations, statistical averaging, and  accuracy of the measurements. In this approach, the characterization of  the samples was achieved by studying the relative variations of the emission  intensities of each element normalized with respect to an internal standard.  The present study shows the usefulness of LIBS as a tool for reliable identification  of field samples.","palabras_clave":"laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy|LIBS|minerals|rocks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112977,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis cuantitativo de Mg en agua natural mediante la técnica LIBS","resumen":"          En el presente trabajo la técnica LIBS (Laser\u2013Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) es evaluada para su aplicación al análisis de Mg en muestras de agua natural, el cual resulta de interés en temáticas relacionadas con la salud, el medio ambiente y la agricultura. Para efectuar el análisis, se prepararon soluciones con concentraciones conocidas del analito que fueron mezcladas con óxido de calcio y compactadas en pastillas sólidas. Luego, los plasmas fueron producidos en aire a presión atmosférica enfocando un láser pulsado Nd:YAG en la superficie de las muestras. Se estudió la emisión espectral de átomos e iones de Mg a fin de encontrar las mejores condiciones experimentales de medición. En dichas condiciones óptimas, se caracterizó el plasma generado y se utilizaron las intensidades sumadas de las líneas resonantes 2852.1 Å de Mg I y 2795.5 Å de Mg II para evaluar la capacidad analítica mediante una curva de calibración construida en un rango adecuado de concentraciones. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la factibilidad del procedimiento investigado para la determinación cuantitativa de Mg en aguas naturales. ","palabras_clave":"LIBS|ESPECTROSCOPIA DE PLASMAS PRODUCIDOS POR LASER|AGUA|ANALISIS DE MG"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112978,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Short term impact of artisanal dredges in a  Patagonian mussel fishery: comparisons with commercial diving and control sites","resumen":"Mussels in the San Matías Gulf fishery are targeted using artisanal dredges and diving. The main objective of this study was to assess the direct impact of artisanal dredging on the biota and sediments, and to compare the composition of the catches and the individual damage induced by fishing between dredging and commercial diving. The experimental design included samplings from dredge catches, dredge tracks, control sites and commercial diving. According to their damage level, individuals were scored as undamaged, lightly damaged and severely damaged. Sediment characteristics were analyzed using coring samples and traps. Damage of mussels, mostly corresponding to the severely damaged category, was less than 5% both in samples from dredging and diving. Conversely, mean damage of the main bycatch species (sea urchins and ophiuroids) was 75 and 65% in samples from dredging and diving respectively, being most of the individuals lightly damaged. Considering also the catch sample composition of both fishing methods, dredging affected relatively more individuals than diving. Although sediment removal in dredged areas was three times higher than that in non-dredged ones, mean grain size and gravel percentage of sea floor sediments showed subtle differences between them. ","palabras_clave":"benthic dredge|fishing impact|individual damage|Patagonian coast"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112979,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Predation on egg capsules of Zidona dufresnei (Volutidae): ecological implications","resumen":"Among the diverse patterns of energy allocation to the offspring of gastropods, the presence of egg capsules to protect embryos is common. Females of the edible snail Zidona dufresnei attach egg capsules to hard substrates in shallow Argentine Patagonian waters (40°45\u2019S, 64°56\u2019W) during spring-summer. Embryonic development takes about 30 d at 22°C. In this study, three likely capsule predator species and the marks left by each on egg capsule walls were identified in laboratory experiments in February 2010. Abundances of predators and egg capsules with evidence of predation were assessed in the field in the summers of 2010 and 2011. Under laboratory conditions (N=10 replicates per treatment and control), the predation rate by the chiton Chaetopleura isabellei was the highest (up to 90%), followed by the gastropod Tegula patagonica and the crab Neohelice granulata (~ 20% each). Nearly 60% of 41 capsules found in the field showed signs of predation. According to the marks identified in the lab, C. isabellei was responsible for 79% of this predation, and T. patagonica for the rest. Predation appears to be important during the encapsulated early life and could be an agent for selecting for resistant capsule walls and a relatively shorter development time.","palabras_clave":"Volutidae|Zidona dufresnei|egg capsules|predators|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112980,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Organotin compounds in sediments of three coastal environments from the Patagonian shore, Argentina","resumen":"&nbsp; Abstract: One of the most toxic compounds that have been introduced into the marine environment is Tributyltin (TBT) used as a biocide in antifouling paints to avoid the hull roughness which affects the ship performance and therefore its fuel consumption. The aim of this study was to obtain the first information of TBT pollution in sediments of three environments of the Argentinean coastline. Sediments from the Bahía Blanca estuary, San Antonio Bay and Ushuaia Bay were sampled to determine TBT and DBT concentration. The sediments were pre-treated using ultrasound assisted methanolic digestion and the organotin compounds were extracted and derivatized. Then the butyltin compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.                                                                                                             DBT and TBT were detected in all sites of the evaluated environments. &nbsp;The different amount of organotin compounds detected shows dissimilar pollution levels and degradation processes along the Argentinean coasts.                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Keywords: organotin compounds; coastal environments; sediments; Patagonian shore; DBT; TBT; GC-MS; Bahía Blanca estuary; San Antonio bay; Ushuaia bay.                                                                                           ","palabras_clave":"no tiene"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112981,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A modular perfused chamber for LOW- and normal- temperature microscopy of living cells.","resumen":"An inexpensive modular perfused chamber (MPC) designed for low- and   normal-temperature live-cell imaging is presented. The device consists   of four lathed pieces of stainless steel assembled as a cylindrical open   chamber that can hold either round or square glass coverslips. The   chamber is connected to a thermal-bath operating with recirculation. For   image acquisition at 4°C, cooled air is blown toward the coverslip   surface to prevent condensation. Principal advantages of this device are   thermal stability in the sample environment, rapid response to changes   in temperature set point, and easy sample insertion. The device enables   the study of dynamic processes in cells governed by large temperature   differences such as those imposed by hypothermic preservation of cells   (0\u20134°C) followed by rewarming to normothermia (37°C). The capabilities   of the MPC were demonstrated by monitoring the internalization of   fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) in rat hepatocytes after hypothermic   storage and during rewarming with an inverted microscope.","palabras_clave":"PERFUSED CHAMBER|LOW- AND NORMAL-TEMPERATURE MICROSCOPY|HYPOTHERMIC CELL PRESERVATION|QUANTUM DOTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112982,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of spray-drying operating conditions on Rhamnus purshiana (Cáscara sagrada) extract powder physical properties","resumen":"The aim of this work was to study Rhamnus purshiana (Cáscara sagrada) extract spray-drying in order to obtain powders with good rheological properties for direct compression (DC) and stability attributes.The experiments were carried out in a Büchi B-290 Mini Spray Dryer using colloidal silicon dioxide as carrier agent. A 25 &#8722; 1 fractional factorial statistical design was used to find adequate spray-drying operating conditions to produce Cáscara sagrada powders with good flow, good compactability properties, high process yield, low moisture content, low hygroscopicity, and caking tendency. Morphology, size, structural and thermal properties of the particles were also evaluated. The operating variables studied were air inlet temperature, atomization air flow rate, pump feed rate, aspiration capacity, and feed solids concentration.The 25 &#8722; 1 factorial experimental design used was a good strategy to establish spray-drying operating conditions to produce Cáscara sagrada extract powders with good properties for direct compression and high process yields. Colloidal silicon dioxide was an effective drying adjuvant. Its use in relatively high concentrations together with low atomization air flow rates improved powder flowability, increased the product's glass transition temperature, and decreased its moisture content and hygroscopicity.","palabras_clave":"RHAMNUS PURSHIANA |CÁSCARA SAGRADA|DRY PLANT EXTRACT |SPRAY-DRYING |FACTORIAL DESIGN |DIRECT COMPRESSION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112983,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ALBENDAZOLE SULPHOXIDE KINETIC DISPOSITION AFTER TREATMENT WITH DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS IN DOGS","resumen":"New therapeutic strategies based on the search of alternative   formulations of albendazole (ABZ) and albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO) are under current development to optimize posology and antiparasite efficacy in dogs. In an incomplete block design, nine dogs were randomly   divided into three groups (n = 6). Treatments were carried out in two phases as follows. Phase I: Group I (treatment A), animals received ABZ at 25 mg\/kg of conventional formulation. Group II (treatment B), dogs   received 25 mg\/kg of a modified poloxamer-ABZ formulation. Group III (treatment C), animals were treated with ABZSO in equimolar amount to ABZ doses. After 21 days of wash-out period the experiment was repeated (Phase II). Blood samples were collected over 24 h and subsequently analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. ABZSO and ABZSO(2) were the analytes recovered in plasma. Significant higher (P <  0.001) ABZSO area under the concentration-time curve (+500%) and C(max) (+487%) values were obtained for the treatment C in comparison with treatments A and B. However, no statistical differences on   pharmacokinetic parameters were found between formulations A and B. In conclusion, the enhanced plasma concentration profile obtained for the ABZSO formulation used in treatment C may contribute to optimize the anthelmintic control in dog.","palabras_clave":"dogs|albendazole|pharmacokinetics|oral single dose"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112984,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The ascorbyl palmitate - water system: phase diagram and state of water","resumen":"This work addresses the ascorbyl palmitate (Asc16) aqueous systems. It has been studied through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing microscopy (PM) at different temperatures over a wide range of concentrations (weight fractions (w\/w) between 0.05 and 1.0), allowing the determination of a complete phase diagram. When possible, the findings were corroborated with literature data. Systems below C&#8776;0.48 wt fraction show hydrated crystals in an isotropic liquid, which lead to a lamellar liquid crystal when heated to about 60 &#9702;C. Above this concentration, the phase transition occurs at about 80 &#9702;C, giving a cubic liquid crystal which in turn becomes lamellar liquid crystal at about 90 &#9702;C. The texture of this lamellar mesophase is different to that produced at lower concentrations. It has been determined, through DSC analysis of the melting peaks of water, computer simulation of the hydration of Asc16 molecules and a model of the hydrated aggregates (hydrated crystals and lamellar mesophase), that low concentration liquid crystals exist provided bulk water is present in the system. Two other kinds of water but bulk were detected: a first hydration shell, with water molecules strongly attached by hydrogen bonds to the oxygen and hydrogen atoms of the polar headgroup, which does not melt and is then undetectable by DSC (11.47±0.95 water molecules per surfactant molecule) and a second hydration layer containing 59±17 water molecules per surfactant one (apart from those in the first hydration layer). The number of water molecules in the second hydration layer decreases as the surfactant concentration increases, and vanishes at C = 0.62±0.01 wt fraction (computer simulation and structure model data) or at C = 0.667±0.007 (DSC). At very high concentrations the formation of mesophases is preceded by the melting of the chains, giving a waxy texture when viewed at the polarizing microscope, maintaining the structure of crystals because the anhydrous polar bilayer remains \u201Csolid\u201D.","palabras_clave":"Ascorbyl palmitate|Liquid crystals|Phase diagram|Water structure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112985,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EFFECTS OF ASCORBATE FATTY ESTER DERIVATIVES ON ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE LIPOPEROXIDATION","resumen":"6-O-alkyl ascorbic acid esters (ASCn) are amphiphilic molecules that behave as  surfactants in aqueous solution. ASCn have shown some physical and rheological  properties that suggest a potential utility as drug carriers.  The present paper aims to evaluate the effect of ASCn on erythrocyte properties in order  to get information regarding the relationship between osmotic fragility, erythrocyte  deformability and membrane lipoperoxidation process. The assays were performed at  the following concentrations: - the critical micelar concentration (CMC), -producing  10% hemolysis (CH10) and - producing 50% hemolysis (CH50). We observed that  ASCn (ASC8, ASC10 and ASC12), at concentration nearby CMC, neither affected cell  deformability nor produced lipoperoxidation. Nevertheless, at higher concentrations  (CH10 and CH50), the RBCs incubated with ASCn were affected by a significant and  progressive loss of deformability, simultaneously with an increase of osmotic fragility  and membrane lipoperoxidation.","palabras_clave":"amphiphiles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112986,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"RECENT ADVANCES IN THERMOSENSITIVE HYDROGELS AS DRUG DELIVERY  SYSTEMS: A REVIEW","resumen":"Abstract: Polymers that exhibit physicochemical responses to stimuli have been widely explored as potential drug delivery  systems. Different kind of stimuli investigated to date includes, for example, chemical substances and changes in temperature,  pH and electric fields. Polymers that exhibit dramatic changes in their behavior in an aqueous solution at temperatures  close to the body temperature are of particular interest in drug delivery and biomedical applications. Thermosensitive  polymers have a wide range of applications, specially, the thermosensitive triblock copolymers because they exhibit  unique aqueous solution properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility. These copolymers can be designed to be used  as potential drug delivery systems for therapeutic protein drugs or poorly water soluble drugs. This article reviews the applications  of polymer solutions with the ability to form in situ implants under temperature changes, in areas of interest to  biomedical, pharmacist and engineer scientists. Recent advantages on thermosensitive and biodegradable polymers are  discussed to give a wide overview of the available strategies to modify them in order to make them suitable for potential  applications in health products.","palabras_clave":"Drug delivery|gelation temperature|triblock copolymers|thermosensitive"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112987,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bioadhesive properties of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles coated with different molecular weights chitosan","resumen":"The aim of this study was to develop and characterize the bioadhesive properties of poly(anhydride) nanoparticles coated with two types of low-molecular weight chitosan (CH20 of 20&#8201;kDa or CH50 of 50&#8201;kDa) or their thiolated conjugates. Nanoparticles were prepared by a solvent displacement method and characterized by measuring the size, zeta potential, morphology and composition. For bioadhesion studies, nanoparticles were fluorescently labelled with rhodamine B isothiocyanate. In all cases, coated nanoparticles showed a slightly higher size and lower negative zeta potential than uncoated nanoparticles. Nanoparticles coated with CH20 showed a higher adhesive capacity than uncoated nanoparticles. On the contrary, when nanoparticles were coated with CH50, the resulting carriers displayed a decreased ability to develop adhesive interactions within the gut. Finally, the coating of nanoparticles with thiolated chitosan improved their adhesive abilities. Poly(anhydride) nanoparticles coated with thiolated chitosan can be considered as promising bioadhesive particulate carriers for oral delivery strategies.","palabras_clave":"chitosan, thiolated chitosan|nanoparticles| thiolated chitosan|bioadhesion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112988,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mining Architectural Responsibilities and Components from Textual Specifications Written in Natural Language","resumen":"Given the enormous growth and complexity of modern software systems, architectural design has become an essential concern for almost every software development project. One of the most challenging steps for designing the best architecture for a certain piece of software is the analysis of requirements, usually written in natural language by engineers not familiar with specific design formalisms. The Use Case Map (UCM) notation can be used to map requirements into proper design concerns, usually known as responsibilities. In this paper, we introduce an approach for mining candidate architectural responsibilities and components from textual descriptions of requirements using natural language processing (NLP) techniques, in order to relieve software designers of this complex and time-consuming task. High accuracy and precision rates achieved by applying part-of-speech (POS) tagging with domain rules and semantic clustering to textual requirement documents, suggest a great potential for providing assistance to software designers during early stages of development.","palabras_clave":"software design|architectural responsibilities|requirements engineering|text mining techniques"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112989,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression of novel opsins and intrinsic light responses in the mammalian retinal ganglion cell line RGC-5. Presence of OPN5 in the rat retina.","resumen":"Abstract According to the current knowledge, the vertebrate retina contains three classes of photoreceptor cells: cones and rods responsible for vision, and intrinsically photoresponsive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) involved in diverse non-visual functions such as photic entrainment of daily rhythms and pupillary light responses. In this paper we investigated the potential capability of the rat RGC line, RGC-5, as intrinsic photoreceptors by assessing the presence of visual and non-visual opsins as well as the responses to brief light pulses on the expression of the immediate-early gene protein c-Fos and intracellular Ca2+mobilization. Cultured RGC-5 cells express a number of photopigments such as retinal G protein coupled receptor (RGR), encephalopsin\/panopsin (Opn3), neuropsin (Opn5) and cone opsin (Opn1mw) but not melanopsin (Opn4) or rhodopsin. Opn5 immunoreactivity was also observed in the inner retina of rat mainly localized in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). In addition, subsets of RGC-5 cells displayed significant sustained changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels after bright white light pulses of 30 to 60 sec of duration while cells exhibit the induction of the c-Fos protein by a 30 min-light pulse. The results demonstrate that RGC-5 cells expressing diverse putative functional photopigments display intrinsic photosensitivity which accounts for the photic induction of c-Fos protein and changes in intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. The presence of Opn5 in the GCL of the rat retina may suggest the existence of a novel type of photoreceptor cells. Key words: Retinal Ganglion Cells, c-Fos, calcium, photopigments, photosensitivity, non-visual opsins, phototransduction. ","palabras_clave":"light-responses|non-visual phototransduction|opsin|Calcium"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112990,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Late quaternary environmental changes in Patagonia as inferred from lacustrine fossil and extant ostracodes","resumen":"In the present study, we compare modern and Quaternary ostracods from two lacustrine basins: Laguna Cari-Laufquen (41°S) and Lago Cardiel (49°S) in Patagonia. Taxonomic and quantitative analyses along with isotopic and chemical studies of the extant ostracod fauna indicate that distinct ostracod associations can be identified as a function of conductivity. Three ostracod associations can be distinguished: (1) springs, ponds and small creeks, characterized by low conductivity (e.g. 1015 us cm-1); (2) lakes and permanent ponds, characterized by medium conductivity (e.g. 1625 us cm-1) and (3) ephemeral lacustrine environments, generally characterized by higher conductivity (e.g. 16 480 us cm-1) These modern ostracod associations were also identified in older sequences from sediments outcropping in the Laguna Cari-Laufquen current shoreline, as well as in sediment cores from Lago Cardiel. The predominance of Limnocythere rionegroensis Cusminsky &amp; Whatley in the Cari-Laufquen sections suggests the development of a saline and turbid lake during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene, and thus higher precipitation at these latitudes. Changes in ostracod abundance and associations have been observed in Lago Cardiel during the last approximately 16 000 calibrated years BP. Conductivity is known to change as a function of the ratio of precipitation to evaporation and a decrease in conductivity from the Late Pleistocene to the Middle Holocene suggests substantial hydrological variations (i.e. increase of the precipitation\/evaporation ratio suggests minor conductivity). These two examples show that ostracods provide an excellent proxy for interpreting palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes in Patagonia.","palabras_clave":"LACUSTRINE OSTRACODES|AUTOECOLOGY|QUATERNARY|PATAGONIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112991,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of Nano-reinforced Shape Memory Polymers Processed by Casting and Extrusion","resumen":"Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) reinforced shape memory polyurethane (PU) composite fibers and films have been fabricated via extrusion and casting methods. Cellulose nanofibers were obtained through acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose.  This treatment aided in achieving stable suspensions of cellulose crystals in dimethylformamide (DMF), for subsequent incorporation into the shape memory matrix. CNTs were covalent functionalized with carboxyl groups (MWCN-COOH) and 4,4?-methylenebis (phenylisocyanate) (MDI) (MWCNT-MDI) in order to improve the dispersion efficiency between the CNT and the polyurethane. Significant improvement in tensile modulus and strength were achieved by incorporating both fillers up to 1 wt% without sacrificing the elongation at break. Electron microscopy was used to investigate the degree of dispersion and fracture surfaces of the composite fibers and films. The effects of the filler (type and concentration) on the degree of crystallinity and thermal properties of the hard and soft segments that form the PU sample were studied by calorimetry. Overall, results indicated that the homogeneous dispersion of nanotubes and cellulose throughout the PU matrix and the strong interfacial adhesion between nanotubes and\/or cellulose and the matrix are responsible for the enhancement of mechanical and shape memory properties of the composites.","palabras_clave":"Shape Memory polymers|Casting|Extrusion|Nano-reinforced"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112992,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Polyaniline Modified Cellulose Nanofibrils as Reinforcement of a Smart Polyurethane","resumen":"Segmented polyurethanes exhibiting shape memory properties were modified by the addition of polyaniline (PANI)-coatedcellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The two-phase structure of the polymer is responsible for the material\u2019s ability to \u2018remember\u2019and autonomously recover its original shape after being deformed in response to an external thermal stimulus. PANI wasgrown on the surface of the CNFs via in situ polymerization.Modified nanocrystals were added to the segmented polyurethanein concentrations ranging from 0 to 15 wt%. The changes in the material properties associated with the percolation of thecoated fibrils appear at higher concentrations than previously observed for non-modified CNFs, which suggests that fibrilagglomeration is occurring due to the PANI coating. The shape memory behavior of the composites is maintained at aboutthe same level as that of the unfilled polyurethane only up to 4 wt% of fibrils. At higher concentrations, the rigidity of thenanofibrils as well as their interaction with the hard-segment phase and the increasing difficulty of dispersing them in thepolymer collaborate to produce early breakage of the specimens when stretched at temperatures above the melting point ofthe soft segments.c","palabras_clave":"SMART MATERIALS|NANOCOMPOSITES|CELLULOSE|POLYANILINE|SHAPE MEMORY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112993,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Castor oil-based Polyurethanes containing Cellulose Nanocrystals","resumen":"ABSTRACT: polyurethanes (PU) based on castor oil (CO) covering a wide range of properties were prepared. A castor oil-based polyol (COPO) was obtained by alcoholysis of castor oil with triethanolamine.&nbsp;&nbsp; The COPO was used in the preparation of partially-foamed and solid PU. Cellulose nanofibrils (NC) in the range of the rheological percolation content were incorporated to the materials and the final mechanical properties of these nanocomposites were analyzed. The cellulose nanofibrils incorporated considerably affect the properties of the solid PU. The compatibility between matrix and fibrils is very good, and it is explained as the result of a chemical bonding of the NC to the polymeric network. The tensile modulus increases significantly, with respect to the unfilled PU, with the addition of just 0.5 wt% of NC, a behavior that is associated to the inclusion of the rigid particle reinforcement and the interfacial bonding. Keywords: polyurethane; castor oil based polyol; natural resources; nanofibrils; nanocomposites.    &amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Font Definitions *\/  @font-face  \t{font-family:Times;  \tpanose-1:2 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;  \tmso-font-charset:0;  \tmso-generic-font-family:auto;  \tmso-font-pitch:variable;  \tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}  @font-face  \t{font-family:Cambria;  \tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;  \tmso-font-charset:0;  \tmso-generic-font-family:auto;  \tmso-font-pitch:variable;  \tmso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}   \/* Style Definitions *\/  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:10.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ascii-font-family:Times;  \tmso-fareast-font-family:Cambria;  \tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;  \tmso-hansi-font-family:Times;  \tmso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;am      ","palabras_clave":"POLYURETHANE|CASTOR OIL BASED POLYOL|NATURAL RESOURCES|NANOCOMPOSITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112994,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The pros and cons of targeting Protein Kinase C (PKC) in the management of cancer patients","resumen":"In the last years, PKC has become an attractive target for the treatment of cancer patients given its widely described role in carcinogenesis and tumor promotion. Despite the extensive research conducted on these phorbol ester receptors there is only limited knowledge about the contribution of each individual PKC isozyme in malignant transformation, mainly due to the different roles of each isozyme and their tissue-specificity. This diversity provides the unique opportunity to develop specific pharmacological agents, but the complex nature of the signaling pathways activated by different PKCs challenges selective drug therapies. Currently, several classes of PKC inhibitors including small molecule kinase inhibitors, biologic modulators, and anti-sense oligonucleotides are being evaluated for the treatment of different cancers where PKC isozymes were found to be deregulated as lung, colon, skin, prostate, and breast malignancies. In this article we will review which PKC isoforms are deregulated in different human cancers and summarize the mechanism of action of some of the major PKC modulators, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of each one in the clinical setting.","palabras_clave":"PKC|CLINICAL TRIALS|CANCER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112995,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) challenges the angiogenic switch in prostate cancer","resumen":"Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in men. Once atumor is established it may attain further characteristics via mutations or hypoxia, whichstimulate new blood vessels. Angiogenesis is a hallmark in the pathogenesis of cancer andinflammatory diseases that may predispose to cancer. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) counteractsoxidative and inflammatory damage and was previously reported to play a key role in prostatecarcinogenesis. To gain insight into the anti-tumoral properties of HO-1, we investigated itscapability to modulate PCa associated-angiogenesis. In the present study, we identified inPC3 cells a set of inflammatory and pro-angiogenic genes down-regulated in response to HO-1 overexpression, in particular VEGFA, VEGFC, HIF1ƒÑ and ƒÑ5ƒÒ1 integrin. Our results indicated that HO-1 counteracts oxidative imbalance reducing ROS levels. An in vivoindicated that HO-1 counteracts oxidative imbalance reducing ROS levels. An in vivoindicated that HO-1 counteracts oxidative imbalance reducing ROS levels. An in vivoindicated that HO-1 counteracts oxidative imbalance reducing ROS levels. An in vivoƒÑ and ƒÑ5ƒÒ1 integrin. Our results indicated that HO-1 counteracts oxidative imbalance reducing ROS levels. An in vivoin vivo angiogenic assay showed that intradermal inoculation of PC3 cells stable transfected withHO-1 (PC3HO-1) generated tumours less vascularised than controls, with decreasedmicrovessel density and reduced CD34 and MMP9 positive staining. Interestingly, longerterm grown PC3HO-1 xenografts displayed reduced neovascularization with the subsequentdown-regulation of VEGFR2 expression. Additionally, HO-1 repressed nuclear factor ƒÛB (NF-ƒÛB)-mediated transcription from an NF-ƒÛB responsive luciferase reporter construct, which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.(NF-ƒÛB)-mediated transcription from an NF-ƒÛB responsive luciferase reporter construct, which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.(NF-ƒÛB)-mediated transcription from an NF-ƒÛB responsive luciferase reporter construct, which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.(NF-ƒÛB)-mediated transcription from an NF-ƒÛB responsive luciferase reporter construct, which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.ƒÛB (NF-ƒÛB)-mediated transcription from an NF-ƒÛB responsive luciferase reporter construct, which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.ƒÛB)-mediated transcription from an NF-ƒÛB responsive luciferase reporter construct, which strongly suggests that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Takentogether, these data supports a key role of HO-1 as a modulator of the angiogenic switch inprostate carcinogenesis ascertaining it as a logical target for intervention therapy.","palabras_clave":"METASTASIS|HEME OXYGENASE 1|ANGIOGENESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112996,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mathematical morphology: detection and characterization of directed axonal growth in vitro","resumen":"Neurite growth in vitro, neuritogenesis, is a widespread methodology in the field of  developmental neurobiology. Morphological analysis of growing neurites is usually a difficult  task because of their thinness and their low contrast that makes it difficult to observe clearly  their shape, number, length and spatial orientation. This paper presents the use of the  granulometric size distribution function to obtain, automatically, information about the shape,  size and spatial orientation of growing axons in tissue cultures. The results presented show the  efficiency of the granulometric size distribution for this application. The automatic detection of  growing axons and the precise characterization of a relevant parameter, indicative of the axonal  growth spatial orientation, was obtained by this morphological tool. The developed algorithms  facilitates the analysis of these images by automatically quantifying the angle of deviation of  the direction of growth, which is important given the large number of images that need to be  processed for this type of study.","palabras_clave":"PROCESAMIENTO |MORFOLOGIA|GRANULOMETRIA|NEURITOGENESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112997,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of software for digital image processing for analysis of neuroangiogenesis","resumen":"The process of formation, growth and distribution of vessels within the developing central nervous system is difficult to analyze due to the complexity of the paths and branches within the system. The study of images of this area poses particular problems because the high levels of noise, blurring and poor contrast often prevent the objects of interest detected correctly. The design of algorithms for digital image processing suitable for this type of imagery remains a constant challenge. The aim of this work is to develop a computer tool to assist the specialist in processing these images. This paper proposes the use of morphological  grayscale reconstruction and other morphological operators in order to segment the images properly. The results show that the algorithms allow a suitable segmentation of the objects of interest. Moreover, the interface developed for processing enables easy and simple analysis of them by the specialists.","palabras_clave":"PROCESSING|MORPHOLOGY|NERVOUS|RECONSTRUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112998,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4\/ABCC4) regulates cAMP cellular levels and controls human leukemia cell proliferation and differentiation","resumen":"Increased intracellular cAMP concentration plays a wellestablished role in leukemic cell maturation. We previouslyreported that U937 cells stimulated by H2 receptor agonists,despite a robust increase in cAMP, fail to mature because ofrapid H2 receptor desensitization and phosphodiesterase (PDE)activation. Here we show that intracellularcAMPlevels not onlyin U937 cells but also in other acute myeloid leukemia cell linesare also regulated by multidrug resistance-associated proteins(MRPs), particularly MRP4. U937, HL-60, and KG-1a cells,exposed to amthamine (H2-receptor agonist), augmented intracellularcAMPconcentrationwith a concomitant increase in theefflux. Extrusion ofcAMPwas ATP-dependent and probenecidsensitive,supporting that the transport was MRP-mediated.Cells exposed to amthamine and the PDE4 inhibitor showedenhanced cAMP extrusion, but this response was inhibited byMRP blockade. Amthamine stimulation, combined with PDE4and MRP inhibition, induced maximal cell arrest proliferation.Knockdown strategy by shRNA revealed that this process wasmediated by MRP4. Furthermore, blockade by probenecid orMRP4 knockdown showed that increased intracellular cAMPlevels induce maturation in U937 cells. These findings confirmthe key role of intracellular cAMP levels in leukemic cell maturationand provide the first evidence that MRP4 may represent anew potential target for leukemia differentiation therapy.","palabras_clave":"MRPs|cAMP|LEUKEMIA|DIFFERENTIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":112999,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Roles of phosphorylation dependent and independent mechanisms in the regulation of Histamine H2 receptor by G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 2","resumen":"It is widely assumed that G proteincoupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) mediated specific inhibition of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) response involves GRK-mediated receptor  phosphorylation followed by b arrestin binding and subsequent uncoupling from the heterotrimeric G protein. It has recently become evident that GRK2-mediated GPCRs regulation also involvesphosphorylation independent mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated whether the histamine H2 receptor (H2R), a Gas-coupled GPCR, known to be desensitized by GRK2,needs to be phosphorylated for its desensitization and\/or internalization and resensitization. For this purpose, we evaluated the effect of phosphorylating deficient GRK2K220R mutant on H2R signaling in U937, COS7 and HEK293T cells. We found that although this mutant functioned as dominant negative concerning receptor internalization and resensitization, it desensitized H2Rsignaling in the same degree as the GRK2 wild type. In order to identify the domains responsible for the kinase independent receptor desensitization, we co-transfected the receptor withconstructions encoding the GRK2 RGS-homology domain (RH), and the RH or the kinase domain fused to the plekstrin-homology domain. Results demonstrated that the RH domain of GRK2 was sufficient to desensitize the H2R. Moreover, disruption of RGS functions by the use ofGRK2D110A\/K220R double mutant, although coimmunoprecipitates with the H2R, reversed GRK2K220Rmediated H2R desensitization. Overall, these results indicate that GRK2 induces desensitization of H2R through a phosphorylation-independent and RGS-dependent mechanism and extends the GRK2 RH domainmediated regulation of GPCRs beyond Gaq-coupled receptors. On the other hand, GRK2 kinase activity proved to be necessary for receptor internalization and the resulting resensitization.","palabras_clave":"HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTOR|GPCR|REGULATION|GRK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113000,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Endothelins participate in the central and peripheral regulation of submandibular gland secretion in the rat","resumen":"We previously reported that endothelins (ETs) are involved in the rat central and peripheral regulation of bile secretion. In this study we sought to establish whether ET-1 and ET-3 modulated submandibular gland secretion when locally or centrally applied. Animals were prepared with gland duct cannulation to collect saliva samples and jugular cannulation to administer sialogogues. ETs were given either into the submandibular gland or brain lateral ventricle. Intraglandularly administered ETs failed to elicit salivation per se. However, ET-1, but not ET-3, potentiated both cholinergic- and adrenergic-evoked salivation through ET(A) receptors. ET-1 decreased cAMP content but increased phosphoinositide hydrolysis, whereas ET-3 attenuated both intracellular pathways. The expression of ET(A) and ET(B) receptor mRNAs as well as that of ETs was revealed in the submandibular gland by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical studies showed that ET(A) receptor staining was localized around the interlobular ducts and acini, compatible with the myoepithelial cells' location, whereas ET(B) receptor staining was restricted to small blood vessels. When applied to the brain, both ETs induced no salivation but enhanced cholinergic- and adrenergic-evoked salivary secretion through parasympathetic pathways. ET-1 response was mediated by brain ET(A) receptors, whereas that of ET-3 was presumably through nonconventional ET receptors. Present findings show that ETs are involved in the brain regulation of cholinergic- and adrenergic-stimulated submandibular gland secretion through the activation of distinct brain ET receptors and parasympathetic pathways. However, when ETs were administered into the gland, only ET-1 enhanced cholinergic and adrenergic salivation likely through myopithelial cell contraction by activating ET(A) receptors coupled to phospholipase C. The presence of ETs and ET receptors suggests the existence of an endothelinergic system in the submandibular gland.","palabras_clave":"Glands submandibular"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113001,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"TRATAMIENTO DE EFLUENTES DE LA INDUSTRIA DEL PROCESADO DE PAPA. ETAPAS DE DEGRADACIÓN ANAERÓBICA","resumen":"Se estudió la digestión anaerobia de efluentes de la industria de la papa a partir de un sustrato simulado para  determinar las distintas etapas de proceso para futuras aplicaciones en modelos cinéticos. La reacción se llevó a  cabo en un reactor batch operado a 36ºC y pH=7 durante 25 días. Se determinaron los sólidos suspendidos  totales (TSS), los sólidos volátiles totales (VSS), la Demanda Química de Oxigeno (DQO) soluble y total, la  concentración de ácidos grasos y el volumen de metano producido durante el proceso. Los resultados indican la  existencia de una primera etapa de reacción donde predomina la acidogénesis con grandes disminuciones en la  materia orgánica, acompañada de altas producciones de ácidos grasos de cadena corta y metano, y una  segunda etapa con predominio de la actividad metanogénica con menores velocidades de conversión. La etapa  de hidrólisis puede ser ajustada a una cinética de primer orden según la ley de la potencia.","palabras_clave":"digestión anaeróbica|acidogénesis|metanogénesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113002,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The effect of Anandamide on Uterine Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity Depends on the Presence of the Blastocyst","resumen":"Nitric oxide production, catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), should be strictly regulated to allow embryo implantation. Thus, our first aim was to study NOS activity during peri-implantation in the rat uterus. Day 6 inter-implantation sites showed lower NOS activity (0.1960.01 pmoles L-citrulline mg prot21 h21) compared to days 4 (0.3460.03) and 5 (0.3560.02) of pregnancy and to day 6 implantation sites (0.3360.01). This regulation was not observed in pseudopregnancy. Both dormant and active blastocysts maintained NOS activity at similar levels. Anandamide (AEA), an endocannabinoid, binds to cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2), and high concentrations are toxic for implantation and embryo development. Previously, we observed that AEA synthesis presents an inverted pattern compared to NOS activity described here. We adopted a pharmacological approach using AEA, URB-597 (a selective inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase, the enzyme that degrades AEA) and receptor selective antagonists to investigate the effect of AEA on uterine NOS activity in vitro in rat models of implantation. While AEA (0.7060.02 vs 0.4060.04) and URB-597 (1.0860.09 vs 0.8360.06) inhibited NOS activity in the absence of a blastocyst (pseudopregnancy) through CB2 receptors, AEA did not modulate NOS on day 5 pregnant uterus. Once implantation begins, URB-597 decreased NOS activity on day 6 implantation sites via CB1 receptors (0.2560.04 vs 0.4060.05). While a CB1 antagonist augmented NOS activity on day 6 interimplantation sites (0.1760.02 vs 0.2760.02), a CB2 antagonist decreased it (0.1760.02 vs 0.1260.01). Finally, we described the expression and localization of cannabinoid receptors during implantation. In conclusion, AEA levels close to and at implantation sites seems to modulate NOS activity and thus nitric oxide production, fundamental for implantation, via cannabinoid receptors. This modulation depends on the presence of the blastocyst. These data establish cannabinoid receptors as an interesting target for the treatment of implantation deficiencies.","palabras_clave":"ANANDAMIDE|NITRIC OXIDE|BLASTOCISTO|UTERO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113003,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Metastasis: recent discoveries and novel perioperative treatment strategies with particular interest in the hemostatic compound desmopressin","resumen":"Metastatic disease is responsible for most of cancer lethality. A main obstacle for therapy of advanced cancers  is that the outcome of metastasis depends on a complex interplay between malignant and host cells. The perioperative period represents an underutilized window of opportunity for cancer treatment where tumor-host interactions can be modulated, reducing the risk of local recurrences and distant metastases. Blood-saving agents are attractive compounds to be administered during tumor surgery. Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a safe and convenient hemostatic peptide with proved antimetastastic properties in experimental models and veterinary clinical trials. The compound seems to induce a dual angiostatic and antimetastatic effect, breaking the cooperative function of cancer cells and endothelial cells during residual tumor progression. DDAVP is therefore an interesting lead compound to develop novel synthetic peptide analogs with enhanced antitumor properties.","palabras_clave":"vasopressin analog|breast cancer|Angiogenesis|surgery"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113004,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Arabidopsis class I TCP transcription factor AtTCP11 is a developmental regulator with distinct DNA binding properties due to the presence of a threonine residue at position 15 of the TCP domain","resumen":"The TCP domain is a DNA binding domain present in plant transcription factors that modulate different processes. We show here that Arabidopsis class I TCP proteins are able to interact with a dyad-symmetric sequence composed of two GTGGG half-sites. TCP20 establishes symmetric interactions with the 5\u2019 half of each strand, while TCP11 interacts mainly with the 3\u2019 half. SELEX experiments with TCP15 and TCP20 indicated that these proteins have similar, though not identical, DNA binding preferences and are able to interact with non-palindromic binding sites of the type GTGGGNCCNN. TCP11 shows a different DNA binding specificity, with a preference for the sequence GTGGGCCNNN. The distinct DNA binding properties of TCP11 are due to the presence of threonine at position 15 of the TCP domain, a position that is occupied by arginine in most TCP proteins. TCP11 also forms heterodimers with TCP15 that have increased DNA binding efficiency. Expression in plants of a repressor form of TCP11 demonstrated that this protein is a developmental regulator that influences the growth of leaves, stems and petioles, and pollen development. The results suggest that changes in DNA binding preferences may be one of the mechanisms through which class I TCP proteins achieve functional specificity. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;        ","palabras_clave":"TCP domain|Plant development|Transcription factor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113005,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A mechanistic link between STM and CUC1 during Arabidopsis development","resumen":"        The KNOXI transcription factor SHOOT  MERISTEMLESS (STM) is required to establish and maintain the Arabidopsis  (Arabidopsis thaliana) apical meristem, yet little is known about its direct  targets. Using different approaches we demonstrate that the induction of STM  causes a significant up-regulation of the organ boundary gene CUP SHAPED  COTYLEDON1 (CUC1), which is specific and independent of other meristem  regulators. We further show that the regulation of CUC1 by STM is direct and  identify putative binding sites in its promoter. Continuous expression of STM  in Arabidopsis leaf primordia also causes the activation of CUC2-3, as well as  microRNA MIR164a, which provides a negative feedback loop by  posttranscriptionally regulating CUC1 and CUC2. The results bring new insights  into the mechanistic links between KNOXI and CUC transcription factors and  contribute to the understanding of the regulatory network controlled by STM.  ","palabras_clave":"Arabidopsis thaliana|STM|CUC |MiR164|Regulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113006,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Plants contain two SCO proteins that are differentially involved in cytochrome c oxidase function and copper and redox homeostasis","resumen":"      Two Arabidopsis thaliana genes (HCC1 and HCC2), resulting from a duplication that took  place before the emergence of flowering plants, encode proteins with homology  to the SCO proteins involved in copper insertion during cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly in other organisms.  Heterozygote HCC1 mutant plants produce 25% abnormal seeds  with defective embryos arrested at the heart or torpedo stage. These embryos  lack COX activity, suggesting that the requirement of HCC1 during the early stages of plant  development is related with its COX assembly function. Homozygote HCC2 mutant plants develop normally and do not  show changes in COX2 levels. These plants display increased sensitivity of root  growth to increased copper and a higher expression of miR398 and other genes that respond to copper  limitation, in spite of the fact that they have a higher copper content than  the wild type. HCC2  mutant plants also  show increased expression of stress-responsive genes. The results suggest that HCC1  is the protein involved in COX biogenesis and that HCC2, that lacks the  cysteines and histidine putatively involved in copper binding, functions in  copper sensing and redox homeostasis. In addition, plants that overexpress HCC1 have an altered response of root  elongation to changes in copper in the growth medium and increased expression  of two low-copper-responsive genes, suggesting that HCC1 may also have a role  in copper homeostasis.  ","palabras_clave":"ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA|COPPER HOMEOSTASIS |CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE|SCO PROTEIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113007,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional interconnections of Arabidopsis exon junction complex proteins and genes at multiple steps of gene expression","resumen":"The exon junction complex (EJC) is deposited on mRNA after splicing and participates in several aspects of RNA metabolism, from intracellular transport to translation. In this work, the functional and molecular interactions of Arabidopsis homologues of Mago, Y14, and PYM, three EJC components that participate in intron-mediatedenhancement of gene expression in animals, have been analysed. AtMago, AtY14, and AtPYM are encoded by single genes that show similar expression patterns and contain common regulatory elements, known as site II, that are required for expression. AtPYM and AtY14 are phosphorylated by plant extracts and this modification regulates complex formation between both proteins. In addition, overexpression of AtMago and AtY14 in plants produces an increase in AtPYM protein levels, while overexpression of AtPYM results in increased formation of a complex that contains the three proteins. The effect of AtMago and AtY14 on AtPYM expression is most likely to be due to intronmediated enhacement of AtPYM expression, since the AtPYM gene contains a leader intron that is required for expression. Indeed, transient transformation asssays indicated that the three proteins are able to increase expression from reporter constructs that contain leader introns required for the expression of different genes. The results indicate that the plant homologues of Mago, Y14, and PYM are closely interconnected, not only through their function as EJC components but also at different steps of their own gene expression mechanisms, probably reflecting the importance of their interaction for the correct expression of plant genes.","palabras_clave":"ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA|INTRON-MEDIATED ENHANCEMENT|MAGO PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION|PYM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113008,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Necrotic enteritis in young calves","resumen":"Non\u2013enterotoxin (CPE)\u2013producing Clostridium perfringens type A has been associated with enteritis in calves. Recent evidence has suggested that a novel toxin, named beta2 (CPB2),                     is implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease, although there is little evidence supporting this. In the current study,                     the role of C. perfringens type A in an outbreak of enteritis in calves was studied. Two 20-day-old dairy calves exhibiting apathy and reluctance to                     eat, with paresis of the anterior limbs, were euthanized for postmortem examination. Gross and histological changes compatible                     with acute enteritis, rumenitis, meningitis, and pneumonia were seen in both calves. Clostridium perfringens type A non-CPE, non-CPB2 was isolated from the abomasum and the small intestine. Escherichia coli ONT:H8 (with cdtBIII and f17 virulence genes detected by polymerase chain reaction) was also isolated from the brain, abomasum, and intestine from both                     calves. All the samples were negative for Salmonella spp. When the C. perfringens strain was inoculated into bovine ligated small and large intestinal loops, cell detachment, erosion, and hemorrhage of the                     lamina propria were observed, predominantly in the small intestine. The results suggest that non-CPE, non-CPB2 C. perfringens type A is able to induce pathologic changes in the intestine of calves, probably enhanced by other pathogens, such as some                     pathogenic E. coli strains.","palabras_clave":"Calves|Clostridium perfringens|enteritis|loop"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113009,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antibodies anti-Shiga toxin 2 B subunit from chicken egg yolk: isolation, purification and neutralization efficacy","resumen":"Shiga toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) are the main virulence factors of enterohemorrhagic Escherichiacoli (EHEC), a foodborne pathogen associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis andhemolytic uremic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibodies againstStx2 obtained from egg yolks of laying hens immunized with a recombinant Stx2B subunit.A high specific response in serum was observed 25 days after the first immunization andIgY antibodies were extracted from day 47th and purified from egg yolk. A concentration of0.84 mg of total IgY\/ml of egg yolk was obtained, of which 8% were antigen specific. Theability of anti-Stx2B IgY to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 either in solid-phase or in solutionwere evaluated and compared with anti-Stx2B rabbit antibodies by Western blotting andELISA. The protective efficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivoEscherichiacoli (EHEC), a foodborne pathogen associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis andhemolytic uremic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibodies againstStx2 obtained from egg yolks of laying hens immunized with a recombinant Stx2B subunit.A high specific response in serum was observed 25 days after the first immunization andIgY antibodies were extracted from day 47th and purified from egg yolk. A concentration of0.84 mg of total IgY\/ml of egg yolk was obtained, of which 8% were antigen specific. Theability of anti-Stx2B IgY to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 either in solid-phase or in solutionwere evaluated and compared with anti-Stx2B rabbit antibodies by Western blotting andELISA. The protective efficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivo(EHEC), a foodborne pathogen associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis andhemolytic uremic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibodies againstStx2 obtained from egg yolks of laying hens immunized with a recombinant Stx2B subunit.A high specific response in serum was observed 25 days after the first immunization andIgY antibodies were extracted from day 47th and purified from egg yolk. A concentration of0.84 mg of total IgY\/ml of egg yolk was obtained, of which 8% were antigen specific. Theability of anti-Stx2B IgY to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 either in solid-phase or in solutionwere evaluated and compared with anti-Stx2B rabbit antibodies by Western blotting andELISA. The protective efficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivofic response in serum was observed 25 days after the first immunization andIgY antibodies were extracted from day 47th and purified from egg yolk. A concentration of0.84 mg of total IgY\/ml of egg yolk was obtained, of which 8% were antigen specific. Theability of anti-Stx2B IgY to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 either in solid-phase or in solutionwere evaluated and compared with anti-Stx2B rabbit antibodies by Western blotting andELISA. The protective efficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivofied from egg yolk. A concentration of0.84 mg of total IgY\/ml of egg yolk was obtained, of which 8% were antigen specific. Theability of anti-Stx2B IgY to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 either in solid-phase or in solutionwere evaluated and compared with anti-Stx2B rabbit antibodies by Western blotting andELISA. The protective efficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivofic. Theability of anti-Stx2B IgY to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 either in solid-phase or in solutionwere evaluated and compared with anti-Stx2B rabbit antibodies by Western blotting andELISA. The protective efficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivoficacy of IgY against Stx2 was determined by in vitro and in vivoexperiments. The results show that IgY was able to recognize Stx2B and Stx2 in denaturedconditions, attached to a solid-phase and free in solution. The anti-Stx2B IgY couldeffectively block the biological activity of Stx2 on Vero cells and protect mice from Stx2challenge.The data suggest that immunization of hens with Stx2B could be a strategy to obtain at lowcost a relatively high concentration of anti-Stx2 egg yolk IgY, able to neutralize Stx2 lethalactivity. IgY technology could be an useful tool for research, diagnosis and therapy of EHECinfection.","palabras_clave":"Shiga toxin|IgY technology|Neutralization|Stx2B"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113010,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of StPPI1, a proton pump interactor from Solanum tuberosum L. that is up-regulated during tuber development and by abiotic stress","resumen":"Plasma membrane proton pumps (PM H(+)-ATPases) are involved in several physiological processes, such as growth and development, and abiotic stress responses. The major regulators of the PM H(+)-ATPases are proteins of the 14-3-3 family, which stimulate its activity. In addition, a novel interaction partner of the AHA1 PM H(+)-ATPase, named PPI1 (proton pump interactor, isoform 1), was identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. This protein stimulates the activity of the proton pump in vitro. In this work, we report the characterization of an A. thaliana PPI1 homolog in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) named StPPI1. The full-length coding sequence of StPPI1 was obtained. The open reading frame (ORF) encodes a protein of 629 amino acids showing 50% identity with A. thaliana PPI1 protein. The StPPI1 ORF is divided into seven exons split by six introns. Southern blot analysis suggests that StPPI1 belongs to a family of related genes. Recombinant StPPI1 stimulates H(+)-ATPase activity in vitro. Basal levels of StPPI1 transcripts are observed in all tissues, however, StPPI1 expression is higher in proliferative regions (shoot apex and flower buds), flowers and leaves than in shoots and roots. StPPI1 mRNA levels significantly increase during tuber development. StPPI1 is induced by salt stress and cold. Drought and mechanical wounding slightly increase StPPI1 transcript levels. In addition, the expression of SlPPI1, the tomato homolog of StPPI1, was determined under adverse environmental conditions in tomato plants. SlPPI1 mRNA levels are increased by drought and cold, but are unaffected by salt stress. Mechanical wounding slightly increases SlPPI1 expression.","palabras_clave":"StPPI1|PROTON PUMP INTERACTOR|PLASMA MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE|SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L|TUBER DEVELOPMENT|STRESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113011,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diversity of pea (Pisum sativum) accessions  based on morphological data for sustainable  field pea breeding in Argentina","resumen":"We characterized 13 accessions of dry peas of different   origins from various growing regions in Argentina, based on three   replications of 20 plants cultivated in 2009 and 2010 in a greenhouse,   with the objective of selecting those with favorable characteristics   for use in breeding programs. Significant differences were found for   length and width of stipule and pod, length of the internodes and   leaflets, plant height, total number of nodes, number of nodes at the   first pod, number of days to flowering and to harvest, number of pods   and seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and grain diameter, demonstrating   a high degree of genetic variability. Phenotypic correlation analysis   demonstrated that large pods produced more seeds per pod, but the   seed weight decreased. Plants with smaller number of nodes in the   first pod were more productive. Estimates of genotypic correlation   coefficients indicated a strong inherent association among the different   traits. Clustering methods grouped the accessions into five clusters.   Cluster 5 included two accessions and showed the highest values for   length and width of stipules (4.9 and 4.5 cm, respectively), length of leaflets (7.43 cm) and days to flowering (122.6), while cluster 3,   with one accession, and cluster 4, with two accessions, showed the   highest values for number of seeds per pod (3.78 and 4.39), number   of pods per plant (5.33 and 5.70), length of pods (5.54 and 5.72 cm),   and width of pods (1.21 and 1.20 cm, respectively). We conclude that   accessions in clusters 3 and 4 would be useful for crosses with other   cultivars in pea breeding programs.","palabras_clave":"GENETIC VARIABILITY |HERITABILITY|PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS|PARENTAL SELECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113013,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Long-term Chromospheric Activity in Southern M Dwarfs: Gl 229 a and Gl 752 A","resumen":"Several late-type stars present activity cycles similar to that of the Sun. However, these cycles have been mostly studied in F to K stars. Due to their small intrinsic brightness, M dwarfs are not usually the targets of long-term observational studies of stellar activity, and their long-term variability is generally not known. In this work, we study the long-term activity of twoMdwarf stars: Gl 229 A (M1\/2) and Gl 752 A (M2.5).We employ medium-resolution echelle spectra obtained at the 2.15 m telescope at the Argentinian observatory CASLEO between 2000 and 2010, and photometric observations obtained from the ASAS database. We analyze Ca ii K line-core fluxes and the mean V magnitude with the Lomb\u2013Scargle periodogram, and we obtain possible activity cycles of &#8764;4 yr for Gl 229 A and &#8764;7 yr for Gl 752 A.","palabras_clave":"stars:activity|stars:late-type|techniques:photometric|techniques:spectroscopic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113014,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"MEJORAMIENTO CONVENCIONAL Y NO CONVENCIONAL DE ESPECIES HORTÍCOLAS","resumen":"&nbsp;El mejoramiento convencional si bien ha sido exitoso, presenta limitaciones inherentes a la reproducción sexual fundamentalmente referida a los tiempos requeridos para incrementar la ganancia genética. Por esta razón, se intenta utilizar métodos no convencionales para incrementar la eficiencia de los métodos tradicionales. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo consistió en la obtención de variedades nacionales utilizando herramientas no convencionales que complementen las técnicas tradicionales de mejora en cultivos hortícolas tales como alcaucil (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), espárrago (Asparagus officinalis L.) y una especie anual, zapallito alargado de tronco (Cucurbita pepo var. medullosa L.), integrándose en la actualidad el mejoramiento de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) y lenteja (Lens culinaris Medik.) a fin de lograr la independencia técnica y económica para el país. Como resultado de este emprendimiento se lograron 4 clones de alcaucil, 5 híbridos clonales de espárrago, 2 híbridos de zapallito alargado. En la actualidad se ha incorporado al programa de mejora el uso de marcadores moleculares desarrollando metodologías de acortamiento del ciclo generacional, a través del cultivo in vitro.","palabras_clave":"MEJORA CONVENCIONAL|MARCADORES MOLECULARES|CULTIVO IN VITRO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113015,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EFFECTS OF AZINPHOS METHYL AND CARBARYL ON Rhinella arenarum LARVAE ESTERASES AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES","resumen":"Effects of azinphos methyl and carbaryl on Rhinella arenarum larvae esterases and antioxidant enzymesAbstractOrganophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides are anticholinesterasic agents also able to alter antioxidant defenses in different organisms. Amphibian larvae are naturally exposed to these pesticides in their aquatic environments located within agricultural areas. We studied the effect of the carbamate carbaryl (CB) and the OP azinphos methyl (AM), compounds extensively used in Northern Patagonian agricultural areas, on reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and the activities of esterases and antioxidant enzymes of the toad Rhinella arenarum larvae. Larvae were exposed 48 h to AM 3 and 6 mg\/L or CB 10 and 20 mg\/L. Cholinesterase and carboxylesterases were strongly inhibited by CB and AM. In insecticide-exposed larvae, carboxylesterases may serve as alternative targets protecting cholinesterase from inhibition. GSH-S-transferase (GST) activity was significantly increased by CB and AM. Superoxide dismutase activity increased in tadpoles exposed to 6 mg\/L AM. Conversely, catalase (CAT) was significantly inhibited by both pesticides. GSH levels, GSH reductase and GSH peroxidase activities were not significantly affected by pesticide exposure. GST increase constitutes an important adaptive response to CB and AM exposure, as this enzyme has been related to pesticide tolerance in amphibian larvae. Besides, the ability to sustain GSH levels in spite of CAT inhibition indicates quite a good antioxidant response. In R. arenarum larvae, CAT and GST activities together with esterases could be used as biomarkers of CB and AM exposure.Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"PESTICIDES|AMPHIBIAN|EMBRYOS|BIOMARKERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113016,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sublethal concentrations of azinphos-methyl induce biochemical and morphological alterations in Rhinella arenarum embryos","resumen":"Considering that amphibians are good sentinels of environmental conditions, Rhinella arenarum embryos  were used to investigate the effects of sublethal concentrations of the organophosphorus insecticide  azinphos-methyl, focusing on its anticholinesterasic or pro-oxidant actions and its possible connectionwith  the appearance of morphological alterations. Early amphibian embryos exposed to azinphos-methyl dis-  played a protective response through glutathione S-transferase induction, along with superoxide dismutase  inhibition. At intermediate embryonic stages, embryos exposed to azinphos-methyl displayed superox-  ide dismutase inhibition and morphological alterations, although cholinesterase activity was not altered,  suggesting thatmolecular targets other than cholinesterasewere involved in the development ofmorpholog-  ical alterations.At the end of embryonic development, decreases in reduced glutathione and cholinesterase  inhibition were observed, along with a signi&#64257;cant increase in the number of malformed embryos. The  connection between biochemical alterations and the appearance of malformations was not evident in  R. arenarum embryos. However, increased glutathione S-transferase and decreased superoxide dismu-  tase activities could be considered as early markers of exposure to azinphos-methyl. The results obtained  demonstrate that sublethal concentrations of azinphos-methyl are a serious threat to toad embryos in their  natural habitats because biochemical and morphological alterations could impair their ability to deal with  environmental stresses.","palabras_clave":"ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE|CHOLINESTERASE|GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE|SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE|REDUCED GLUTATHIONE|AMPHIBIAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113017,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic Characterization of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 from  Pigs with Porcine Circovirus Associated Diseases in Argentina.","resumen":"Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) has been associated with syndromes grouped by the term porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD). The PCV-2 isolates have been grouped into two major groups or genotypes according to their nucleotide sequence of whole genomes and\/or ORF-2: PCV-2b, which have, in turn, been subdivided into three clusters (1A\u20131C), and PCV-2a, which has been subdivided into five clusters (2A\u20132E). In the present study, we obtained 16 sequences of PCV-2 from different farms from 2003 to 2008, from animals with confirmatory diagnosis of PCVAD. Since results showed an identity of 99.8% among them, they were grouped within a common cluster 1A-B. This preliminary study suggests a stable circulation of PCV-2b among the Argentinean pig population.","palabras_clave":"PCV-2|GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113018,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Outbreak of swine influenza in Argentina reveals a non-contemporary human H3N2 virus highly transmissible among pigs","resumen":"Sporadic outbreaks of human H3N2 influenza A virus (IAV) infections in swine populations have  been reported in Asia, Europe and North America since 1970. In South America, serological  surveys in pigs indicate that IAVs of the H3 and H1 subtypes are currently in circulation; however,  neither virus isolation nor characterization has been reported. In November 2008, an outbreak of  respiratory disease in pigs consistent with swine influenza virus (SIV) infection was detected in  Argentina. The current study describes the clinical epidemiology, pathology, and molecular and  biological characteristics of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus isolate shared  nucleotide identities of 96?98% with H3N2 IAVs that circulated in humans from 2000 to 2003.  Antigenically, sera from experimentally inoculated animals cross-reacted mainly with noncontemporary  human-origin H3N2 influenza viruses. In an experimental infection in a commercial  swine breed, the virus was of low virulence but was transmitted efficiently to contact pigs and  caused severe disease when an infected animal acquired a secondary bacterial infection. This is  the first report of a wholly human H3N2 IAV associated with clinical disease in pigs in South  America. These studies highlight the importance of two-way transmission of IAVs and SIVs  between pigs and humans, and call for enhanced influenza surveillance in the pig population  worldwide.","palabras_clave":"SWINE|INFLUENZA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113019,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylogenetic Analysis of H6 Influenza Viruses Isolated from Rosy-Billed Pochards (Netta peposaca) in Argentina Reveals the Presence of Different HA Gene Clusters","resumen":"Until recently, influenza A viruses from wild waterfowl in South America were rarely isolated and\/or characterized. To explore the ecology of influenza A viruses in this region, a long-term surveillance program was established in 2006 for resident and migratory water birds in Argentina. We report the characterization of 5 avian influenza viruses of the H6 hemagglutinin (HA) subtype isolated from rosy-billed pochards (Netta peposaca). Three of these viruses were paired to an N2 NA subtype, while the other two were of the N8 subtype. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenza viruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution from influenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NA genes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HA gene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possible interactions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested that these Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptation to poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of South America, especially considering the unique evolution of these viruses.","palabras_clave":"AVIAN INFLUEZA VIRUS|H6 SUBTYPE|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113020,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Poder y conflicto en territorios del norte argentino","resumen":"En este trabajo hay un interrogante explícito que aparece en forma implícita a través de los diferentes estudios de caso que se presentan: ¿existe alguna posibilidad de consecución exitosa de las propuestas de desarrollo territorial rural en beneficio de las familias de menores recursos y vinculadas con acciones que surgen desde los actores locales? Desde una perspectiva crítica centrada en las concepciones de dominación y poder, buscamos respuestas a nuestro interrogante investigando tres conflictos (por el agua, por la instalación de emprendimientos mineros y por la tierra) en las provincias de Salta y Misiones. A partir del análisis de los casos, retomamos la cuestión del desarrollo, indicando que además de las formas dominantes, observamos otras maneras diferentes de ejercitar, percibir y orientar el desarrollo local, concluyendo que su consecución y fortalecimiento dependerá de la consolidación del poder de parte de estos actores.","palabras_clave":"Desarrollo|Territorio|Poder|Norte Argentino"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113021,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Protein dynamics and ligand migration interplay as studied by computer simulation","resumen":"Since proteins are dynamic systems in living organisms, the employment of methodologiescontemplating this crucial characteristic results fundamental to allow revealing several aspects of theirfunction. In this work, we present results obtained using classical mechanical atomistic simulation toolsapplied to understand the connection between protein dynamics and ligand migration. Firstly, we willpresent a review of the different sampling schemes used in the last years to obtain both ligandmigration pathways and the thermodynamic information associated with the process. In the secondplace, we will focuse on representative examples in which the schemes previously presented areemployed, concerning: i) ligand migration, tunnels and cavities in myoglobin and neuroglobin, ii)ligand migration in truncated hemoglobin members, iii) NO escape and conformational changes innitrophorins, iv) ligand selectivity in catalase and hydrogenase, and v) larger ligand migration: theP450 and haloalkane dehalogenase cases.","palabras_clave":"MIGRATION|PROTEIN|SIMULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113022,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) vs.   Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers for Cynara cardunculus characterization","resumen":"A little is known about the genetic variability present in globe artichoke, cultivated and wild cardoons. This knowledge  is very important for efficient genetic resources utilization, and to gain a better understanding of genetic structure of this  botanical varieties. With the aims to determine genetic distances between Cynara cardunculus accessions and to compare  two molecular markers systems for their efficiency to differ between botanical varieties, a molecular characterization of  sixteen accessions from different geographical origins was performed. Seven SSR and seven SRAP markers were used  for varieties characterization and to calculate genetic distances between them. Both distance matrices were subjected to  cluster analysis. Exclusive SSR alleles were found for globe artichoke and for wild cardoon, but non exclusive alleles  were found for cultivated cardoon. For both markers systems two major groups were identified, one of them included  mostly globe artichoke accessions and the other one grouped mainly cardoons. The differences observed in the sub-cluster  conformation with each marker systems may be due to intrinsic characteristics of the markers. Concluding, both kind of  molecular markers are valuable tools for studying genetic distances between C. cardunculus accessions although they  give different information. Nevertheless, SSR electrophoretic profiles are simpler to score than SRAP markers because  they consist of just a few bands. As well, bands are highly informative because of the great number of alleles existing in  population and they are codominant markers. In addition, SSR\u2019s use would reduce time and costs.","palabras_clave":"cardoon|genetic resources|genetic variability|globe artichoke"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113023,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Patagonicosides B and C, Two Antifungal Sulfated Triterpene Glycosides from the Sea Cucumber Psolus patagonicus","resumen":"Two new triterpene glycosides, Patagonicoside B (2) and Patagonicoside C (3), together with the known Patagonicoside A (1), have been isolated from the ethanolic extract of the sea cucumber Psolus patagonicus. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive NMR spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR, 1H&#61485;1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC, TOCSY, and NOESY), HRESIMS, and chemical transformations. Compounds 1-3 and their desulfated analogs showed antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungus Cladosporium cladosporoides. in a concentration dependent manner.","palabras_clave":"Psolus patagonicus|antifungal activity|sulfated triterpene glycosides"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113024,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Altered matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in embryos from diabetic rats during early organogenesis","resumen":"Maternal diabetes increases the risks for embryo malformations. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 are two relevant MMPs for embryo development. Here, we addressed whether changes in these MMPs and in tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2 are altered in embryos and decidua from type 1 diabetic rats during early organogenesis. Our results demonstrate MMP-2 and MMP-9 overactivities and overexpression, together with increases in lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production in embryos and decidua from diabetic animals. There is a concomitant increase in the inhibitory activity of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in embryos and decidua, and an increase in protein expression of embryonic TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. In situ zymography demonstrated MMPs overactivities despite increased TIMPs in embryos and decidua in maternal diabetes during early organogenesis. This study reveals that maternal diabetes leads to profound alterations in MMPs\/TIMPs balance during embryo organogenesis, the gestational period during which most malformations are induced. ","palabras_clave":"DIABETES IN PREGNANCY|EMBRYOPATHY|MMP|TIMP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113025,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Human embryonic stem cells and derived contractile embryoid bodies are susceptible to Coxsakievirus B infection and respond to interferon I&#946; treatment","resumen":"Abstract We studied the susceptibility of human embryonic stem cells and derived contractile embryoid bodies from WAO9, HUES-5 and HUES-16 cell lines to Coxsackievirus B infection. After validating stem cell-like properties and cardiac phenotype, Coxsackievirus B receptors CAR and DAF, as well as type I interferon receptors were detected in all cell lines and differentiation stages studied. Real-time PCR analysis showed that CAR mRNA levels were 3.4-fold higher in undifferentiated cells, while DAF transcript levels were 2.78-fold more abundant in differentiated cultures (Pb0.05). All cell lines were susceptible to Coxsackievirus serotypes B1-5 infection as shown by RT-PCR detection of viral RNA, immunofluorescence detection of viralprotein and infectivity titration of cell culture supernatants resulting in cell death. Supernatants infectivity titers 24-48 h postinfection ranged from 105-106 plaque forming units (PFU)\/ml, the highest titers were detected in undifferentiated cells. Cell viability detected by a colorimetric assay, showed inverse correlation with infectivity titers of cell culture supernatants. Treatment with 100 U of interferon I&#946; significantly reduced viral replication and associated cell death during a 24\u201348 h observation period, as detected by reduced infectivity titers in the supernatants and increased cell viability by a colorimetric assay, respectively. We propose human embryonic stem cell and derived contractile embryoid bodies as a valid model to studycardiac Coxsackievirus B infection.","palabras_clave":"celulas madre|cardiomiocito|virus coxsakie"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113026,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular Determinants of Disease in Coxsackievirus B1 Murine Infection","resumen":"To understand better how different genomic regions may confer pathogenicity for the coxsackievirus B (CVB), two intratypic CVB1 variants, and a number of recombinant viruses were studied. Sequencing analysis showed 23 nucleotide changes between the parental non-pathogenic CVB1N and the pathogenic CVB1Nm. Mutations present in CVB1Nm were more conserved than those in CVB1N when compared to other CVB sequences. Inoculation in C3H\/HeJ mice showed that the P1 region is critical for pathogenicity in murine pancreas and heart. The molecular determinants of disease for these organs partially overlap. Several P1 region amino acid differences appear to be located in the decay-accelerating factor (DAF) footprint CVBs. CVB1N and CVB1Nm interacted with human CAR, but only CVB1N seemed to interact with human DAF, as determined using soluble receptors in a plaque-reduction assay. However, the murine homolog Daf-1 did not interact with any virus assessed by hemagglutination. The results of this study suggest that an unknown receptor interaction with the virus play an important role in the pathogenicity of CVB1Nm. Further in vivo studies may clarify this issue.","palabras_clave":"MYOCARDITIS|PANCREATITIS|DAF|CAR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113027,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Galectin-3 is upregulated in activated glia during Junin virus-induced murine encephalitis","resumen":"Argentine&nbsp; haemorrhagic&nbsp; fever&nbsp; (AHF)&nbsp; is&nbsp; a&nbsp; systemic&nbsp; febrile&nbsp; syndrome&nbsp; characterized&nbsp; by&nbsp; several&nbsp; haematological&nbsp; and&nbsp; neurological&nbsp; alterations&nbsp; caused&nbsp; by&nbsp; Junín&nbsp; virus&nbsp; (JUNV),&nbsp; a&nbsp; member&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; Arenaviridae&nbsp; family. Newborn&nbsp; mice&nbsp; are&nbsp; highly&nbsp; susceptible&nbsp; to&nbsp; JUNV&nbsp; and&nbsp; the&nbsp; course&nbsp; of&nbsp; infection&nbsp; has&nbsp; been&nbsp; associated&nbsp; with&nbsp; the viral strain used. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an animal lectin that has been proposed to play an important role in&nbsp; some&nbsp; central&nbsp; nervous&nbsp; system&nbsp; (CNS)&nbsp; diseases.&nbsp; In&nbsp; this&nbsp; study,&nbsp; we&nbsp; analysed&nbsp; Gal-3&nbsp; expression&nbsp; at&nbsp; the&nbsp; transcriptional and translational expression levels during JUNV-induced CNS disease. We found that Candid 1&nbsp; strain&nbsp; induced,&nbsp; with&nbsp; relatively&nbsp; low&nbsp; mortality,&nbsp; a&nbsp; subacute\/chronic&nbsp; CNS&nbsp; disease&nbsp; with&nbsp; signi&#64257;cant&nbsp; glia&nbsp; activation&nbsp; and&nbsp; upregulation&nbsp; of&nbsp; Gal-3&nbsp; in&nbsp; microglia&nbsp; cells&nbsp; as&nbsp; well&nbsp; as&nbsp; in&nbsp; reactive&nbsp; astrocytes&nbsp; that&nbsp; correlated&nbsp; with viral&nbsp; levels.&nbsp; Our&nbsp; results&nbsp; suggest&nbsp; an&nbsp; important&nbsp; role&nbsp; for&nbsp; Gal-3&nbsp; in&nbsp; viral-induced&nbsp; CNS&nbsp; disease.","palabras_clave":"ASTROCYTES|VIRAL INFECTION|GFAP|MICROGLIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113028,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression and functionality of type I interferon receptor in the megakaryocytic lineage","resumen":"Background: Type I interferons (IFN-I) negatively regulate megakaryo\/thrombopoiesis. However, expression of the IFN-I receptor (IFNAR) in the megakaryocytic lineage is poorly characterized. Objectives: To study the expression and functionality of IFNAR in the megakaryocytic lineage. Methods and results: Although IFNAR mRNA was found in every cell type studied, its protein expression showed di&#64256;erences between them. According to &#64258;ow cytometry and immuno&#64258;uorescence, IFNAR1 was observed in Meg-01, Dami, CD34+ cells and megakaryocytes, but not in proplatelets or platelets.Immunoblotting assays showed that IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 were highly expressed in all cell types, except in platelets where it was barely detectable. Regarding IFNAR1, 130- and 90-kDa bands were detected inMeg-01 andDami, whereas 130- and 60-kDa bands were found in CD34+ cells and megakaryocytes. Activation of megakaryocytic IFNAR by IFN-b induced pSTAT1\/2 and upregulated the antiviral genes IRF7 and MXA. The latter response was completely suppressed byIFNAR blockade. In contrast, the low levels of IFNAR in platelets were not functional as pSTAT1\/2, aggregation and P-selectin expression were not induced by IFN-I. In addition,megakaryocytes increased IFN-I transcript levels and produced IFN-b upon stimulation with PolyI:C, a synthetic dsRNA that mimics viral infection. Conclusions: Early progenitors and mature megakaryocytes, but not platelets, express functional IFNAR and synthetize\/release IFN-b, revealing not only that megakaryo\/thrombopoiesis regulation by IFN-I is associated with a speci&#64257;c interaction with its receptor, but also that megakaryocytesmay play a role in the antiviral defense by being both IFN producers and responders. ","palabras_clave":"IFN-A|IRF7|MEGAKARYOCYTES|PLATELETS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113029,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Parental care does not vary with age-dependent plumage in male Saffron Finches Sicalis flaveola","resumen":"The status signalling hypothesis states that conspicuous male plumage varies among males and serves as an honest signal of male quality and competitive ability. We expected immature-plumaged males of the Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola to feed their incubating mates and nestlings and remove faecal sacs at lower rates than those of mature-plumaged males. We also predicted that females paired with immature-plumaged males would compensate for their mates\u2019 lower contribution. We found no differences in either feeding rates or sanitation rates between immature- and mature-plumaged males. Similarly, females mated to immature- and mature-plumaged males fed nestlings at equivalent rates. Apparently, male plumage colour and age are not reliable signals of the ability of a male Saffron Finch to provide for his mate and offspring.","palabras_clave":"fitness|incubation|nestling condition|plumage maturation|status signalling hypothesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113030,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator activity using fluorescence spectrophotometry","resumen":"Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a frequent autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations that impair the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein function. CFTR is a chloride channel activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) via protein kinase A (PKA) and ATP hydrolysis. We describe here a method to measure CFTR activity in a monolayer of cultured cells using a fluorescence spectrophotometer and the chloride sensitive probe 6-methoxy-N-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium (SPQ). Modifying a slice holder, the spectrophotometer quartz cuvette was converted in a perfusion chamber, allowing measurement of CFTR activity in real time, in a monolayer of T84 colon carcinoma cells. The SPQ Stern\u2013Volmer constant (KCl- ) for chloride in water solution was 115.0 ± 2.8 M-1, whereas the intracellular KCl-  was 17.8 ± 0.8 M-1, for T84 cells. A functional analysis was performed by measuring CFTR activity in T84 cells. The CFTR transport inhibitors CFTR(inh)-172 (5 µM) and glibenclamide (100 µM) showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in CFTR activity. This simple method allows measuring CFTR activity in a very simple, reproducible, and sensitive way.","palabras_clave":"CFTR|Cystic Fibrosis|Chloride channel|SPQ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113031,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Switching Control Approach for Stable Navigation of Mobile Robots in Unknown Environments","resumen":"This paper presents a stable switching control strategy for the parking problem of non-holonomic  mobile robots. First, it is proposed a positioning-orientation switching controller for the parking problem.  With this strategy robot backwards motions are avoided and the robot heading is always in the direction of the  goal point facilitating the obstacle handling. Second, the avoidance of unexpected obstacles is considered in a  reactive way by following the contour of the obstacles. Next, the stability of the switching parking\/obstacleavoider  controller is analyzed showing stability under reasonably conditions. Finally, the good performance  and the feasibility of this approach are shown through several experimental results.","palabras_clave":"Switching control|Mobile Robots|Stability analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113032,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ultra Wide-band Localization and SLAM: a comparative study for mobile robot navigation","resumen":"In this work, a comparative study between an Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) localization system and a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm is presented.  Due to its high bandwidth and short pulses length, UWB potentially allows great accuracy in range measurements based on Time of Arrival (TOA) estimation. SLAM algorithms recursively estimates the map of an environment and the pose (position and orientation) of a mobile robot within that environment. The comparative study presented herein involves the performance analysis of implementing in parallel an UWB localization based system and a SLAM algorithm on a mobile robot whereas it navigates within an environment. Real time results as well as error analysis are also shown in this work.","palabras_clave":"Ultra Wide-Band|SLAM|MOBILE ROBOTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113033,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kinetics of electron induced desorption of hydrogen in nanostructured porous silicon","resumen":"We found that nanostructured porous silicon obtained by anodization desorbs hydrogen under&nbsp; electron bombardment. The kinetics of this electron-induced effusion can be explained neither in terms of thermal processes nor by direct transference of energy from the impinging electron to the Si\u2013H bonds. We show that short lived-large energy fluctuations (SLEFs), occurring during bimolecular recombination processes of carriers produce both, a midgap increment of the density ofelectronic defect states and hydrogen desorption. ","palabras_clave":"Defect States|Electron Bombardment|Hydrogen Effusion|Porous Silicon"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113034,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High energy excitations in ion-induced electron emission from AlF3","resumen":"&lt;!-- \/* Font Definitions *\/ @font-face\t{font-family:'Cambria Math';\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;\tmso-font-charset:0;\tmso-generic-font-family:roman;\tmso-font-pitch:variable;\tmso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} \/* Style Definitions *\/ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\t{mso-style-unhide:no;\tmso-style-qformat:yes;\tmso-style-parent:'';\tmargin:0in;\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\tmso-pagination:none;\tfont-size:12.0pt;\tfont-family:'Times New Roman','serif';\tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-bidi-font-family:'Courier New';}.MsoChpDefault\t{mso-style-type:export-only;\tmso-default-props:yes;\tfont-size:10.0pt;\tmso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;\tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;\tmso-bidi-font-family:'Courier New';}@page Section1\t{size:8.5in 11.0in;\tmargin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;\tmso-header-margin:.5in;\tmso-footer-margin:.5in;\tmso-paper-source:0;}div.Section1\t{page:Section1;}--&gt;Measurements ofelectron emission spectra from surfaces of aluminum fluoride&nbsp; impacted by keV noble gas ions show ahigh-energy structure, peaking around 7 eV that increases in intensity with ionenergy. The shape of this structure, identified by Factor Analysis, isindependent of the nature and the energy of the impinging ions. We discuss oneelectron, two electron and plasmon excitation mechanisms and conclude that the high-energystructure results from the autoionization of F-2p4 nl n\u2019l\u2019 excitedby electron promotion in close atomic collisionssurface.","palabras_clave":"ion induced electron emission,| autoionization, |factor analysis, |insulating films."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113035,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electron capture and loss in the scattering of H+ from HOPG graphite","resumen":"In this paper we report measurements of the positive (H+) and negative (H-) ion fractions after H+ scattering from a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. The experimental results show that for a fixed (large) exit angle the negative fraction is almost independent of the primary ion energy, while the positive fraction increases steadily. For a fixed incident energy, the H+ and H- fractions show a complementary behavior with exit angle. A dynamical quantum mechanical calculation, based on the localized and extended features of the atom-surface interaction, allows us to understand many of the features of the experimental results.","palabras_clave":"CHARGE TRANSFER|HOPG"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113036,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increased immunogenicity to LipL32 of Leptospira interrogans when expressed as a fusion protein with the cholera toxin B subunit","resumen":"Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonosis in the world. The development of a recombinant leptospira vaccine remains a challenge. In this study, we cloned the Leptospira interrogans open reading frame (ORF) coding the external membrane protein LipL32, an immunodominant antigen found in all pathogenic leptospira, downstream of the highly immunogenic cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) ORF. Expression and assembly of the CTB-LipL32 fusion protein into oligomeric structures of pentameric size were observed in soluble fractions by Western blot analysis. The CTB-LipL32 protein demonstrated strong affinity for monosialotetrahexosylgaglioside (GM1-ganglioside) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), suggesting that the antigenic sites for binding and proper folding of the pentameric CTB structure were conserved. Furthermore, antisera against LipL32 also recognized the CTB-LipL32 fusion protein, suggesting that LipL32 also conserved its antigenic sites, a fact confirmed by an ELISA assay showing soluble CTB-LipL32 recognition by sera from convalescent patients. In addition, soluble CTB-LipL32 generated higher specific titers in mice immunized without external adjuvant than co-administration of CTB with LipL32. The data presented here provide support for CTB-LipL32 as a promising antigen for use in the control and study of leptospirosis.","palabras_clave":"BACTERIAL GENETICS|BIOCHEMISTRY|MOLECULAR BIOLOGY|MICROBIOLOGY|GENOMICS|IMMUNOLOGY|BIOTECHNOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113037,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"THE EXPLOITATION OF RHEIDAE IN PAMPA AND PATAGONIA (ARGENTINA) AS RECORDED BY CHRONICLERS, NATURALISTS AND VOYAGERS","resumen":"Documents from chroniclers, naturalists and voyagers that traveled along the Pampas andPatagonia (Argentina) between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries are analyzed with the aimof building material expectations about the profit of Rheidae used by the historical knownnatives. This corpus of data is treated as a heuristic tool in the study of local archaeological sites,since bones and eggshells of rheids are recorded in most of the Pampean and Patagonianarchaeological contexts from early to late Holocene. Whereas remains of this ostrich-like familyconforms a small portion of the whole archaeofaunal assemblages, chronicler?s narrativesdescribe an intensive and preferential use of the ?ñandú? (ostrich-like) by the natives. Theproposal considers that is possible to use the ethnohistorical record as a tool to generate materialexpectations through analogies, in the same way that the ethnographical, ethnoarchaeological andexperimental studies are used. However, difficulties are clear in applying the ethnohistoricalinformation to the archaeological record if it is considered that those descriptions are involved inanalytical categories related to the voyager?s historical and social contexts.","palabras_clave":"RHEIDS|HUNTER GATHERER|WRITTEN SOURCES|ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD|PAMPA  AND PATAGONIA REGIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113038,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Histological characterization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus of the South American plains vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus)","resumen":"Abstract In contrast to most mammalian species,  females of the South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus  maximus, show an extensive suppression of apoptosisdependent  follicular atresia, continuous folliculogenesis,  and massive polyovulation. These unusual reproductive  features pinpoint to an eventual peculiar modulation of the  hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis through its main  regulator, the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).  We explored the hypothalamic histological landscape and  cellular and subcellular localization of GnRH in adult nonpregnant  L. maximus females. Comparison to brain atlases  from mouse, rat, guinea pig and chinchilla enabled us to  histologically define and locate the preoptic area (POA),  the ventromedial nucleus, the median eminence (ME), and  the arcuate nucleus (Arc) of the hypothalamus in vizcacha\u2019s  brain. Specific immunolocalization of GnRH was  detected in soma of neurons at medial POA (MPA), ventrolateral  preoptic nucleus, septohypothalamic nucleus  (SHy) and Arc, and in beaded fibers of MPA, SHy, ventromedial  hypothalamic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic  area and ME. Electron microscopy examination revealed  GnRH associated to cytoplasmic vesicles of the ME and POA neurons, organized both in core and non-core vesicles  within varicosities, and in neurosecretory vesicles within  the myelinated axons of the MPA. Besides the peculiar and  unusual features of folliculogenesis and ovulation in the  vizcacha, these results show that hypothalamus histology  and GnRH immune-detection and localization are comparable  to those found in other mammals. This fact leads to  the possibility that specific regulatory mechanisms should  be in action to maintain continuous folliculogenesis and  massive polyovulation.","palabras_clave":"Hypothalamus|Lagostomus maximus |GnRH| Immunohistochemistry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113039,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the pathogenesis of experimental leptospirosis","resumen":"Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a  radical effector molecule of the innate immune system that can directly  inhibit pathogen replication. In order to study subsequent iNOS kidney  expression in experimental leptospirosis, Golden Syrian hamsters and C3H\/HeJ mice were infected intraperitoneally with 10e2 or 10e7 virulent Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni (LIC) strain Fiocruz L1e130. Results showed increased levels of iNOS mRNA and protein in kidneys of infected animals when compared to that in mock-infected animals. To get a deeper insight into the role of iNOS in experimental leptospirosis, both subject species were treated or not treated with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 0.3 mg\/kg), an iNOS inhibitor.  Treatment of infected hamsters with 4-AP accelerated the mortality rate to  100% by one day and increased the mortality rate from 20 to 60% in mice at 14 days post-infection. In kidney tissues, 4-AP treatment increased the  bacterial burden, as demonstrated through leptospiral DNA quanti&#64257;cation by real-time PCR, and aggravated tubulointerstitial nephritis. In addition, iNOS inhibition reduced the speci&#64257;c humoral response against LIC when compared to that in untreated infected animals. According to these results, iNOS expression and the resulting NO have an important role in leptospirosis.","palabras_clave":"NO|MICE|HAMSTER|INMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY|LEPTOSPIRA|PATHOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113040,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phase measurement in temporal speckle pattern  interferometry signals presenting low-modulated regions by means of the bidimensional empirical mode decomposition","resumen":"We propose a phase measurement technique to retrieve optical phase distributions coded in noisy temporal speckle pattern interferometry signals presenting regions of adjacent low-modulated pixels, whichis based on the bidimensional empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert transform. It is shown that this approach can effectively remove noise and minimize the influence of large sets of adjacent nonmodulated pixels located in the time series of speckle interferograms. The performance of the phase retrieval approach is analyzed using computer-simulated speckle interferograms modulated with a temporal carrier. The results are also compared with those given by a technique based on the one-dimensional empirical mode decomposition. The advantages and limitations of the proposed approach are finally discussed.","palabras_clave":"PHASE MEASUREMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113041,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Control Estable de Formación Basado en Visión Omnidireccional para Robots Móviles no Holonómicos","resumen":"Este trabajo presenta un algoritmo de control basado en seguimiento de líderes para la navegación autónoma de un equipo de robots móviles no holonómicos manteniendo una formación deseada. Los errores de control se definen en términos de las posiciones instantáneas de cada robot y de su posición deseada dentro de la formación, relativa al robot líder del grupo. Para el sensado de las posiciones relativas, solo el robot líder está equipado con un sistema de visión omnidireccional. Se prueba la estabilidad del sistema propuesto según la teoría de Lyapunov y se realiza un análisis de robustez ante ciertos errores de estima. Resultados experimentales ilustran el buen desempeño del algoritmo de control propuesto","palabras_clave":"ROBOTS MÓVILES|CONTROL DE FORMACIÓN|CÁMARA OMNIDIRECCIONAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113042,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices on the false-root-knot nematode Nacobbus aberrans in tomato plants","resumen":"Information about the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the false root-knot nematode Nacobbus aberrans (Thorne, 1935) Thorne & Allen, 1944 is scarce. The effect of Glomus intraradices Schenk & Smith on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. Platense inoculated with nematode juveniles from Lisandro Olmos (Argentina) was studied under greenhouse conditions. Six treatments with five replications were performed. After 80 days, nematode reproduction and percentage of AMF colonization in roots were estimated. Some plant growth parameters were also measured. In general, plants with AMF and AMF plus nematodes grew as well as the control without AMF and without nematodes. Furthermore, G. intraradices was beneficial in reducing nematode-induced damage in roots (lower number of galls) as well as in having a suppressive effect on parasite reproduction. This is the first study on the use of G. intraradices as a possible strategy in the control of N. aberrans in tomato.","palabras_clave":"GLOMUS INTRARADICES|LICOPERSYCON ESCULENTUM|NACOBBUS ABERRANS|NEMATODE REPRODUCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113043,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"O-glycosylated cell wall proteins are essential in root hair growth","resumen":"Root hairs are single cells that develop by tip growth and are specialized in the absorption of nutrients. Their cell walls are composed of polysaccharides and hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) that include extensins (EXTs) and arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs). Proline hydroxylation, an early post-translational modification of HRGPs that is catalyzed by prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs), defines the subsequent O-glycosylation sites in EXTs (mainly arabinosylation) and AGPs (arabinogalactosylation). Here, we explored the biological function of P4Hs, arabinosyltransferases and EXTs in root hair cell growth. Biochemical inhibition or genetic disruption resulted in the blockage of polarized growth in root hairs and reduced arabinosylation of EXTs. Our results demonstrate that correct O-glycosylation on EXTs is essential for cell wall self-assembly and hence root hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. ","palabras_clave":"O-glycosylation|cell wall proteins|root hair growth"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113044,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cell wall variability in the green seaweed Codium vermilara (Bryopsidales Chlorophyta) from Argentine coast","resumen":"Cell wall chemistry in the coencocytic green seaweed Codium vermilara (Olivi) Chiaje (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) is well understood. These cell walls are composed of major amounts of neutral beta 1,4-D-mannans (Mn), sulfated polysaccharides (SPs), which include pyranosic arabinan sulfates (ArpS), pyruvylated galactan sulfates (pGaS), and mannan sulfates (MnS); also minor amounts of O-glycoproteins are present. In this study, cell wall samples of C. vermilara were investigated with regard to their monosaccharide composition and infrared spectra (by Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy coupled to Principal Component (FTIR-PC) analysis). Samples from three different populations of C. vermilara from Argentine coast showed: 1) an important variation in the relative arabinan content, which increases from north to south, and 2) a measurable degree of cell wall variability in the sulfate distribution between the different sulfated polysaccharides, independently of the amount of each polysaccharide present and of total sulfate content. When cell wall composition was analyzed over three consecutive years in a single geographical location, the quantity of Mn and overall sulfate content on SPs remained constant, whereas pGaS:ArpS molar ratio changed over the time. Besides, similar cell wall composition was found between actively-growing and resting zones of the thallus, suggesting that cell wall composition is independent of growth stage and development. Overall, these results suggest that C. vermilara has developed a mechanism to adjust the total level of cell wall sulfation by modulating ArpS:pGaS:MnS molar ratio and also by adjusting the of sulfation level in each type of polymer, whereas non-sulfated Mn, as the main structural polysaccharide, does not change over the time or growing stage. ","palabras_clave":"cell wall|temporal and geographical variation|mannans|sulfated polysaccharides"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113045,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Revision of the Magellanic Mactridae Lamarck, 1809 (Bivalvia: Heterodonta)","resumen":"The worldwide family Mactridae Lamarck, 1809, is well represented in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Literature research revealed 22 living nominal species linked to Magellanic forms. Within this context, a taxonomic revision of the species belonging to the family Mactridae that inhabit the Magellanic area was carried out. The analysis was done by using morphological characters of the shell and describing the mantle cavity organs. After extensive fieldwork from Peninsula Valdés to Tierra del Fuego province, seven valid living species were confirmed. Synonymies of those valid forms have been updated, as have their geographic distributions. Redescriptions of the species here consider as valid, i.e.: Mactra fuegiensis Smith, 1905, Mulinia bicolor Gray, 1837, Mulinia byronensis Gray, 1837, Mulinia edulis (King &amp; Broderip, 1832), Mulinia exalbida Gray, 1837, Mulinia levicardo (Smith 1881) and Darina solenoides (King &amp; Broderip, 1832), are provided. ","palabras_clave":"MACTRA|MULINIA|DARINA|TAXONOMY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113046,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Optimal MPC for tracking of constrained linear systems","resumen":"Model predictive control (MPC) is one of the few techniques which is able to handle with constraints on both state and input of the plant. The admissible evolution and asymptotic convergence of the closed loop system is ensured by means of suitable choice of the terminal cost and terminal constraint. However, most of the existing results on MPC are designed for a regulation problem. If the desired steady state changes, the MPC controller must be redesigned to guarantee the feasibility of the optimization problem, the admissible evolution as well as the asymptotic stability. Recently, a novel MPC has been proposed to ensure the feasibility ofthe optimization problem, constraints satisfaction and asymptotic evolution of the system to any admissible target steady-state.A drawback of this controller is the lost of a desirable property of the MPC controllers: the local optimality property. In this paper, a novel formulation of the MPC for tracking is proposed aimed to recover the optimality property maintaining all the properties of the original formulation.","palabras_clave":"Model predictive control|Tracking|Constrained linear systems|Asymptotic stability|Local optimality"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113047,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The first record of a sauropod dinosaur from Antarctica","resumen":"Sauropoda is one of the most diverse and geographically widespread clades of herbivorous dinosaurs, and until now, their remains have nowbeen recovered from all continental landmasses except Antarctica. We report the first record of a sauropod dinosaur from Antarctica, represented by an incomplete caudal vertebra from the Late Cretaceous of James Ross Island. The size and morphology of the specimen allows its identification as a lithostrotian titanosaur. Our finding indicates that advanced titanosaurs achieved a global distribution at least by the Late Cretaceous.","palabras_clave":"Antartida|Cretácico|Titanosauria|Lithostrotia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113048,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cocaine supersensitivity and enhanced motivation for reward in mice lacking dopamine D2 autoreceptors","resumen":"Dopamine (DA) D2 receptors expressed in DA neurons (D2 autoreceptors) exert a negative feedback regulation that reduces DAneuron firing, DA synthesis and DA release. As D2 receptors are mostly expressed in postsynaptic neurons, pharmacologicaland genetic approaches have been unable to definitively address the in vivo contribution of D2 autoreceptors to DA-mediatedbehaviors. We found that midbrain DA neurons from mice deficient in D2 autoreceptors (Drd2loxP\/loxP; Dat+\/IRES&#8722;cre, referred toas autoDrd2KO mice) lacked DA-mediated somatodendritic synaptic responses and inhibition of DA release. AutoDrd2KO micedisplayed elevated DA synthesis and release, hyperlocomotion and supersensitivity to the psychomotor effects of cocaine.The mice also exhibited increased place preference for cocaine and enhanced motivation for food reward. Our results highlightthe importance of D2 autoreceptors in the regulation of DA neurotransmission and demonstrate that D2 autoreceptors areimportant for normal motor function, food-seeking behavior, and sensitivity to the locomotor and rewarding properties of cocaine.","palabras_clave":"DOPAMINA|SUPERSENSIBILIDAD|COCAINA|CRE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113049,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Convergent evolution of two mammalian neuronal enhancers by sequential exaptation of unrelated retroposons","resumen":"The proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC) is expressed in a group of neurons present in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Neuron-specific POMC expression in mammals is conveyed by two distal enhancers, named nPE1 and nPE2. Previous transgenic mouse studies showed that nPE1 and nPE2 independently drive reporter gene expression to POMC neurons. Here, we investigated the evolutionary mechanisms that shaped not one but two neuron-specific POMC enhancers and tested whether nPE1 and nPE2 drive identical or complementary spatiotemporal expression patterns. Sequence comparison among representative genomes of most vertebrate classes and mammalian orders showed that nPE1 is a placental novelty. Using in silico paleogenomics we found that nPE1 originated from the exaptation of a mammalian-apparent LTR retrotransposon sometime between the metatherian\/eutherian split (147 Mya) and the placental mammal radiation (&#8776;90 Mya). Thus, the evolutionary origin of nPE1 differs, in kind and time, from that previously demonstrated for nPE2, which was exapted from a CORE-short interspersed nucleotide element (SINE) retroposon before the origin of prototherians, 166 Mya. Transgenic mice expressing the fluorescent markers tomato and EGFP driven by nPE1 or nPE2, respectively, demonstrated coexpression of both reporter genes along the entire arcuate nucleus. The onset of reporter gene expression guided by nPE1 and nPE2 was also identical and coincidental with the onset of Pomc expression in the presumptive mouse diencephalon. Thus, the independent exaptation of two unrelated retroposons into functional analogs regulating neuronal POMC expression constitutes an authentic example of convergent molecular evolution of cell-specific enhancers.","palabras_clave":"shadow enhancer|retroposition|retrotransposition|satiety"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113050,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Funciones tutoriales y auxiliares de docencia. Análisis de las reglamentaciones vigentes en la UNR, argentina","resumen":"En el presente artículo se analizan, a través de fuentes documentales, las normas que se establecen para las funciones tutoriales vinculadas a los Auxiliares de docencia en la UNR (Universidad Nacional de Rosario). Esta figura se encuentra altamente naturalizada en el contexto de nuestra Universidad, sin embargo, son escasos los trabajos que la abordan. En este sentido, la actual presentación tiene por objetivo profundizar el conocimiento de las funciones que los Auxiliares cumplen, dado que su rol es de vital importancia en la estructura de la Universidad, en la formación de ellos como futuros docentes y en la relación que establecen con los estudiantes.","palabras_clave":"Tutorías|Reglamentaciones|Nivel universitario|Auxiliares de docencia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113051,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"S-LPI-treated monocyte inhibits human CD4+ lymphocyte proliferation","resumen":"Serine leucocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) is the main serine proteinase inhibitor produced by epithelial cells and has been shown to be a pleiotropic molecule with anti-in&#64258;ammatory and microbicidal activities. However, the role of SLPI on the adaptive immune response is not well established. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of SLPI on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were treated with mitogens plus SLPI and proliferation was assessed by [3 H]thymidine uptake. The SLPI decreased the lymphocyte proliferation induced by interleukin-2 (IL-2) or OKT3 monoclonal antibodies in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition was not observed when depleting monocytes from the PBMC and it was restored by adding monocytes and SLPI. SLPI-treated monocyte slightly decreased MHC II and increased CD18 expression, and secreted greater amounts of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in the cell culture supernatants. SLPI-treated monocyte culture supernatant inhibited the CD4+lymphocyte proliferation but did not affect the proliferation of CD8+ cells. Moreover, IL-2 increased T-bet expression and the presence of SLPI signi&#64257;cantly decreased it. Finally, SLPI-treated monocyte culture supernatant dramatically decreased interferon-c but increased IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in the presence of IL-2-treated T cells. Our results demonstrate that SLPI target monocytes, which in turn inhibit CD4 lymphocyte proliferation and T helper type 1 cytokinesecretion. Overall, these results suggest that SLPI is an alarm protein that modulates not only the innate immune response but also the adaptive immune response.","palabras_clave":"INFLAMMATION|INNATE IMMUNITY|MACROPHAGES\/MONOCYTES|PROTEASES|SERINE LEUCOCYTE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR|T CELLS|T HELPER TYPE 1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113052,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunotherapy with SLPI over-expressing mammary tumor cells decreases tumor growth","resumen":"We have demonstrated previously that the inoculation of murine mammary tumor   cells genetically modified to express high levels of secretory leukocyte   protease inhibitor (2C1) do not develop tumors in immunocompetent mice and these   cells are more prone to apoptosis than control cells. The aim of the present   study was to evaluate the role of the adaptive immune response in the lack of   tumor growth of 2C1 cells and the possibility of using these cells for   immunotherapy. The s.c. administration of mock transfected F3II cells induces   tumor in BALB\/c and Nude mice. However, the inoculation of 2C1 cells develops   tumor in Nude but not in BALB\/c mice. The inoculation of mock transfected F3II   cells to 2C1 immunized BALB\/c mice by repeated administration of 2C1 cells (once   a week for 3&nbsp;weeks) developed significantly smaller tumors than those observed   in non-immunized mice. Remarkably, survival of tumor-bearing immunized mice was   higher than non-immunized animals. Herein, we demonstrate that an immunotherapy   with SLPI over-expressing non-irradiated tumor cells which do not develop tumor   in immunocompetent mice, partially restrain the tumor growth induced by F3II   cells and increase the survival of the mice","palabras_clave":"SLPI|Tumor|Cancer|Immunotherapy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113053,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Neutrophil elastase treated dendritic cells promote the generation of CD4(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells in vitro","resumen":"We have previously shown that neutrophilic elastase converts human immature dendritic cells (DCs) into TGF-b secreting cells and reduces its allostimulatory ability. Since TGF-b has been involved in regulatory T cells (Tregs) induction we analyzed whether elastase or neutrophil-derived culture supernatant treated DCs induce CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). We found that elastase or neutrophil-derived culture supernatant treated DCs increased TGF-b and decreased IL-6 production. Together with this pattern of cytokines, we observed a higher number of CD4+FOXP3+ cells in the MLR cultures induced by elastase or neutrophil-derived culture supernatant treated DCs but not with untreated DCs. The higher number of CD4+FOXP3+ T cell population was not observed when the enzymatic activity of elastase was inhibited with an elastase specific inhibitor and also when a TGF-b1 blocking antibody was added during the MLR culture. The increased number of CD4+ that express FOXP3 was also seen when CD4+CD25- purified T cells were cocultured with the TGF-b producing DCs. Furthermore, these FOXP3+ T cells showed suppressive activity in vitro. These results identify a novel mechanism by which the tolerogenic DCs generated by elastase exposure contribute to the immune regulation and may be relevant in the pathogenesis of several lung diseases where the inflammatory infiltrate contains high numbers of neutrophils and high elastase concentrations.","palabras_clave":"Neutrophil|Elastase|Dendritic|Cell"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113054,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impact of bile salt adaptation of L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis 200 on its interaction capacity with the gut","resumen":"In a previous work, bile-salt-resistant derivatives were obtained from non-intestinal lactobacilli. The aim of this work was to investigate theimpact of bile adaptation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis 200 on morphology, surface properties, in vivo interaction capacity with the gutand ability to activate the gut immune response. Electron microscopy studies, growth kinetics in the presence of bovine and porcine bile, thecapacity to deconjugate bile acids, hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and co-aggregation capacities were studied for the parental strain and itsbile-resistant derivative in vitro. Additionally, survival in intestinal fluid, the interaction with the gut and the immunomodulating capacities werestudied in mice. Bile salt adaptation conferred upon the adapted strain a higher capacity to withstand physiological concentrations of bile salts andgreater survival capacity in intestinal fluid. However, bile salt exposure reduced cell hydrophobicity, autoaggregation and adhesion capacities,resulting in reduced persistence in the intestinal lumen and delayed capacity to activate the gut immune response. Insight into the effects of bilesalts upon the interaction and immunomodulating capacity of lactobacilli with the gut is provided, relating in vitro and in vivo results.","palabras_clave":"Bile salt |Adaptation|Gut|Lactobacillus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113055,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study on the interaction of basic violet 2 with hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin","resumen":"The formation of the inclusion complexes of Basic Violet 2 (New Fuchsin) with hydroxypropyl-b-cyclo- dextrin (HP-b-CD) was studied by UVeVis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The binding constants of the inclusion complexes, KB, were obtained considering the maximum shift of the absorption spectra, the absorption areas deconvoluted as the sum of two gaussian constituents, the relative fluorescence quantum yield and the fluorescence maximum shift. The values achieved were  2.7 x 103M-1, 0.95 x 103M-1 and 2.8 x 103M-1, 2.2 x 103M-1, respectively. Ab-initio calculations using B3LYP\/6-31G level of approach and the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis were performed to gain a deeper understanding of the inclusion phenomena. The result showed a high complexation in aqueous media.","palabras_clave":"triarylmethanes|basic violet 2|cyclodextrin|photosensitizer"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113056,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"2-Chloro-2,2-Difluoracetamide (ClF2CC(O)NH2). Thermal decomposition, vapour infrared, mass spectrometry, low temperature NMR and theoretical studies. Solvent effects on conformational preferences","resumen":"Gas phase thermal decomposition of CDFA (2-Chloro-2,2-Difluoracetamide) was studied at temperatures between 270 290ºC. The rate constant for the decomposition follows the Arrhenius equation . Mass spectrometry was used to analyze the decomposition pattern of the title compound. The FT-IR spectrum of the vapour phase and the infrared spectra of the CDFA in protic and aprotic solvents were recorded. Potential energy surfaces (PES) were studied by theoretical calculations performed at DFT level (PBEPBE and B3LYP methods) using the 6 31G*, 6-31+G*, 6-311+G**, aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets.","palabras_clave":"2-chloro-2,2-difluoroacetamide|thermal decomposition|infrared spectra|solvent effects."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113057,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phosphatidic acid production in chitosan-elicited tomato cells, via both phospholipase D and phospholipase C\/diacylglicerol kinase, requires Nitric Oxide","resumen":"Nitric oxide (NO) and the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA) are involved in plant defense responses during plant\u2013pathogen interactions. NO has been shown to be involved in the induction of PA production in response to the pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) xylanase in tomato cells. It was shown that NO is critical for PA production induced via phospholipase C (PLC) in concerted action with diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) but not for the xylanase-induced PA via phospholipase D (PLD). In order to study whether this is a general phenomenon during PAMP perception or if it is particular for xylanase, we studied the effect of the PAMP chitosan in tomato cell suspensions. We observed a rapid NO production in tomato cells treated with chitosan. Chitosan induced the formation of PA by activating both PLD and PLC\/DGK. The activation of either phospholipase-mediated signaling pathway was inhibited in cells treated with the NO scavenger cPTIO. This indicates that NO is required for PA generation via both the PLD and PLC\/DGK pathway during plant defense response in chitosan elicited cells. Responses downstream PA were studied. PLC inhibitors neomycin and U73122 inhibited chitosan-induced ROS production. Differences between xylanase and chitosan-induced phospholipid signaling pathways are discussed.","palabras_clave":"NITRIC OXIDE|PHOSPHATIDIC ACID|PLNAT DEFENSE|tomato cells"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113058,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mechanisms of Xylanase-induced Nitric Oxide and Phosphatidic Acid Production in Tomato Cells","resumen":"The second messengers nitric oxide (NO), phosphatidic acid (PA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the plant defense response during plant-pathogen interactions. NO has been shown to participate in PA production in response to the pathogen-associated molecular pattern xylanase in tomato cell suspensions. Defense responses downstream of PA include ROS production. The goal of this work was to study the signaling mechanisms involved in PA production during defense responses triggered by xylanase and mediated by NO in suspension cultured-tomato cells. We analyzed the participation of protein kinases, guanylate cyclase and the NO-mediated posttranslational modification S-nitrosylation, by means of pharmacology and biochemistry. We showed that NO, PA and ROS levels are significantly diminished by treatment with the general protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine. This indicates that xylanase-induced protein phosphorylation events might be important components leading to NO formation, and hence for the downstream regulation of PA and ROS levels. When assayed, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor or a cGMP analog did not alter PA accumulation. These results suggest that a cGMP-mediated pathway is not involved in xylanase-induced PA formation. Finally, inhibition of protein S-nitrosylation did not affect NO formation but compromised PA and ROS production. Data collectively indicate that upon xylanase perception cells activate a protein kinase pathway required for NO formation and that, S-nitrosylation-dependent mechanisms are involved in downstream signaling leading to PA and ROS.","palabras_clave":"Lipid Signalling|nitric oxide|phosphatidic acid|plant defense"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113059,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nitric oxide enhances plant ultraviolet-B protection up-regulating gene expression of the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway","resumen":"The link between ultraviolet (UV)-B, nitric oxide (NO) and&nbsp; phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway (PPBP) was studied in maize and Arabidopsis. The transcription factor (TF) ZmP regulates PPBP in maize. A genetic approach using P-rr (ZmP+) and P-ww (ZmP-) maize lines demon- strate that: (1) NO protects P-rr leaves but not P-ww fromUV-B-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell damage; (2) NO increases flavonoid and anthocyanin content and prevents chlorophyll loss in P-rr but not in P-ww and (3) the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)- 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide(cPTIO) blocks the UV-B-induced expression of ZmP and theirtargets CHS and CHI suggesting that NO plays a key role in the UV-B-regulated PPBP. Involvement of endogenous NO was studied in Arabidopsis nitric oxide dioxygenase (NOD) plants that express a NO dioxygenase gene under the control of a dexamethasone (DEX)-inducible promoter. Expression of HY5 and MYB12, TFs involved in PPBP regulation, was induced by UV-B, reduced by DEX in NOD plants and recovered by subsequent NO treatment. C4H regulates synapate esters synthesis and is UV-B- induced in a NO-independent pathway. Data indicate that UV-B perception increases NO concentration, which protects plant against UV-B by two ways: (1) scavenging ROS; and (2) up-regulating the expression of HY5, MYB12 and ZmP, resulting in the PPBP activation.","palabras_clave":"ARABIDOPSIS|FAVONOIDS|HY5|MAIZ|MIB12|ZMP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113060,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":".- Solvent-free synthesis of functionalized pyridine derivatives using Wells-Dawson heteropolyacid as catalyst","resumen":"Wells-Dawson heteropolyacids (H6P2W18O6224H2O) were used as catalysts in the Hantzsch-like multicomponent condensation reaction with 3 formylchromones as aldehyde component, a b-ketoester and ammonium acetate, under solvent-free conditions at 80 C. Although the desired products were obtained, functionalized pyridines were the main reaction product and became the alternative route to dihydropyridine ring formation. Based on the proposed mechanisms for the formation of each of the obtained products,  the multicomponent reaction was modified to afford only the functionalized pyridines (60\u201399%).  Our procedure represents a clean alternative for the synthesis of several highly functionalized pyridines.","palabras_clave":"Multicomponent reaction    Functionalized pyridines|3-Formylchromones|Solvent-free organic synthesis|Wells-Dawson heteropolyacid| Functionalized pyridines"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113061,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":".-  Wells-Dawson heteropolyacid as reusable catalyst for  sustainable synthesis of flavones","resumen":"The behavior of Wells\u2013Dawson (H6P2W18O62·24H2O,   WD) acid, both bulk and supported on silica, for the cyclodehydration   reaction of 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-propanedione to obtain   flavone was studied in heterogeneous conditions, using toluene as   solvent. Catalytic experiences with bulk and supported catalysts with   different WD acid loadings and reuse of the catalysts were done. The   catalytic activity of supported catalysts was higher than that of the   bulk catalyst, and their activity was almost constant after three   reaction cycles. The following reaction conditions: reflux toluene and   1%&nbsp;mmol of WD supported on silica (0.4&nbsp;g WD acid by gram of silica) were   used for the preparation of five flavones. Yields above 85% were   obtained in 4\u20135&nbsp;h.","palabras_clave":"Acid catalysis|Heteropolyacids|Wells\u2013Dawson|Flavones"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113062,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of the calcination temperature on the structure and reducibility of nanoceria obtained from crystalline Ce(OH)CO3 precursor","resumen":"A high yield green method was developed for the preparation of reactive nanotextured ceria (CeO2). The preparation method is based on the oxidation of a crystalline Ce(OH)CO3 precursor that decompose at relative low temperature (ca. 250 oC) yielding CeO2 nanocrystals initially rich in Ce+3. After increasing calcination temperatures (in the range 350-650 oC), PXRD analysis show a slight crystal growth after calcination temperatures up to 550 oC, however cell contraction in such case denotes the definitive oxidation of remnant Ce+3 centers. XPS results confirm Ce+3 fraction diminution as calcination temperature increases. TPR profiles of ceria samples show two reduction events being the low temperature one (at ca. 500 oC) related to a surface process in which approximately only one cerium monolayer is involved. Catalytic activity tests for COPROX reaction were performed under differential reactor conditions to evaluate their activity in the temperature range 100-300 oC. The optimum activity recorded for the sample calcined at 450 oC accounts for the compromise between oxide\u2019s activation and surface preservation.","palabras_clave":"Catalysts  |Supports|COPROX |Hydrogen purification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113063,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Alkalophilic and alkali-tolerant soil fungi from Celtis tala and Scutia buxifolia forests in eastern Buenos Aires province (Argentina)","resumen":"Most soil fungi grow in acid   environments; however, some of them are able to grow in alkaline   conditions. This study is based on the need to establish a link between   the ecological studies related to the fungal diversity of the alkaline   soils of Argentina,   and the development of biotechnological processes. Saprotrophic fungi   have an enormous dispersal potential and an efficient enzymatic system   that guarantees their biological role. They can degrade a great variety   of carbon sources from plants tissues, and their decomposing activity is   essential for the redistribution of nutrients in the soil. The   alkalophilic and alkali-tolerant fungi that grow in Celtis tala and Scutia buxifolia forests soils from eastern Buenos Aires province (Argentina)   have been here described. Many of the fungal strains tested presented   the capacity of producing amylases, cellulases, keratinases and other   proteases and chitinases at high pH levels","palabras_clave":"soil-fungi diversity|alkaline enzymes|Celtis tala and Scutia buxifolia forests."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113064,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sanjuanite: crystal structure solution from laboratory powder diffraction data, complemented by FTIR spectroscopy and DT-TG analyses","resumen":"Resumen","palabras_clave":"sanjuanite|aluminum phosphatesulfate|crystal structure|chains of tetrahedra and octahedra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113065,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The crystal structure of the elusive huemulite","resumen":" USAAbstractThe crystal structures of natural huemulite from the West Sunday mine, Utah, USA, and synthetic huemulite, Na4Mg(V10O28)?24H2O, have been solved and refined to R1 = 0.0313 (for 3535 unique Fo &gt; 4sF reflections) and 0.0246 (for 3672 unique Fo &gt; 4sF reflections), respectively. Huemulite is triclinic, space group P1, Z = 1; unit-cell dimensions of the natural sample are a 9.0453(2), b 11.3337(3), c 11.7372(8) Å, a 105.223(7), b 97.383(7), g 100.790(7)°, V 1120.30(9) Å3, whereas those of the synthetic sample are a 9.0425(2), b 11.3303(2), c 11.7353(8) Å, a 105.222(7), b 97.377(7), g 100.791(7)°, V 1119.47(8) Å3. The structure consists of decavanadate oxyanions (V10O28)6? linked via an interstitial complex composed of isolated [Mg(H2O)6]2+ octahedra and an [Na4(H2O)14]4+ cationic group (defining an infinite zigzag chain). There are also four isolated H2O groups, two of them positionally disordered. All except four H atoms have been located, showing a network of hydrogen bonds that further links the interstitial complex and the structural unit, stabilizing the atomic arrangement. The Lewis acidity of the interstitial complex (0.18) is almost coincident with the upper limit of basicity of the structural unit (0.17), thus showing that the valence-matching principle is maintained in this structure. It is probable that the X-ray pattern and the unit-cell dimensions in the original description of huemulite were measured using a mixture that included fully hydrated and partially dehydrated material. Huemulite is a member of the pascoite group, which is closely related to a synthetic family of general formula Na4M(V10O28)?23H2O (M: Ni, Mg). The unit cell and atomic positions of huemulite are related to those of the synthetic family by the transformation matrix M = [100 \/ 011 \/ 011]. However, some of the symmetry restrictions (e.g., inversion centers, cell centering) present in huemulite are relaxed, with the consequence that fewer atoms are symmetry-related in the synthetic materials.","palabras_clave":"Huemulite|Decavanadate|Hydrogen bonding|Valence-matching principle|Pascoite family"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113066,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Geology, mineralogy and possible origin of the copper mineralization in marble near Saldán, Córdoba (Argentina)","resumen":"Copper minerals(chrysocolla&gt;&gt;dioptase&gt;&gt;plancheite&gt;tenorite) plus barite andquartz occur in a small lens of granulite grade calcite-dolomite marble near Saldán,Córdoba province (central Argentina,31º18´50.7´´S-64º19´50.0´´W). The mineralization is hosted in fractures(striking N30ºE and dipping 78ºW) that were widened by dissolution. Chrysocollamainly fills fractures. It has variable H2O contents but a Cu:Siratio close to 1:1. Plancheite forms compact fissure fillings and aggregates ofinterlocking spherules. Copper is partially replaced by Mg (up to 2.22 wt%MgO), with small amounts of Na, K, Ca, Al and Fe also present. Dioptase occursas prismatic crystals dominated by {100} and {111} that can reach over 2 cm long, and also as granular fracturefillings. Unit-cell parameters are a14.5719(6), c 7.7799(3) Å, V 1430.7(1) Å3; refractiveindices are e = 1.707(3), w = 1.656(3), with ananomalous small 2V. Magnesium (up to 0.15 wt% MgO) is the only significantsubstituent. Yellow barite crystals tabular on {001} have traces of Sr. Quartzoccurs rarely, as drusy linings. A few cases of botryoidal, opal-like quartzcrusts are known. Tenorite forms dark brown masses and stringers included inmarble. Very scarce grains of copper sulfides (anilite altering to spionkopiteand covellite along rims and cracks) are found scattered in the marble. Copperis partially replaced by Bi (up to 0.15 wt% Bi) and Pb (up to 0.16 wt% Pb). Malachiteand brochantite are alteration products of sulfides. Fluidinclusion studies indicate that minerals precipitated from a single-phase fluidinitially at a temperature above 300ºCthat cooled to ca. 220ºC. Salinity was very low,from 0 to 2 wt% NaCl eq. Isotopic analyses of calcite give d13C values of 0.4-0.9\u2030 PDBand d18O values of 17.1-15.1\u2030 VSMOW, coincident with theisotopic signature of regional marbles. Calculated values of d18O for water in isotopicequilibrium with calcite coincide with the Metamorphic Water Box. d34S values of barite &nbsp;are 3.6-4.6\u2030 CDT. &nbsp;Themineralization possibly precipitated from fluids of meteoric origin that sufferedan oxygen isotope shift due to a very low water\/rock ratio. The sulfur sourcecould be sedimentary or igneous sulfides, or a mixture from two differentsources (such as heavy seawater-derived sulfur and light sedimentary sulfides),but not exclusively seawater.&nbsp; Copper wasprobably scavenged from accessory sulfides scattered in barren marble orortho-amphibolite. The heat source remains unknown.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"dioptase|chrysocolla|plancheite|meteoric fluid|stable isotopes|fluid inclusions"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113067,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Forebrain mapping of secretoneurin-like immunoreavtivity and its colocalization with isotocin in the preoptic nucleus and pituitary gland of goldfish","resumen":"Secretoneurin, a 33?34 amino acid neuropeptide derived from the   proteolytic processing of the secretogranin-II precursor protein, is   reasonably well conserved in evolution. Goldfish secretoneurin shares   &gt;75% similarity overall with other vertebrate secretoneurin   sequences. The secretoneurin peptide has numerous functions that include   neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter release, and neuroendocrine   regulation. A detailed description of the central distribution of   secretoneurin immunoreactivity is only known for the rat. Using our   polyclonal antibody against the central, conserved core of the   secretoneurin peptide we studied the distribution of secretoneurin-like   immunoreactivity in the goldfish brain. Secretoneurin immunoreactivity   was found in the olfactory bulb, entopeduncular nucleus, preoptic   nucleus, lateral part of the lateral tuberal nucleus, posterior   periventricular nucleus, nucleus of the posterior recess, the nucleus of   the saccus vasculosus, and nucleus isthmi. Secretoneurin-immunoreactive   fibers were found in the dorsal part of the dorsal telencephalon,   ventral and lateral parts of the ventral telencephalon, periventricular   preoptic nucleus, pituitary, and the ventrocaudal aspect of the nucleus   of the lateral recess. The most conspicuous secretoneurin   immunoreactivity was found in the magnocellular and parvocellular cells   of the preoptic nucleus that project to the pituitary. Double-labeling   studies indicated coexpression with isotocin, the fish homolog of   mammalian oxytocin. Clear colabeling for secretoneurin and isotocin in   fibers terminating in the neurointermediate lobe suggests that secretoneurin maybe coreleased with isotocin. Previous   work indicates that secretoneurin stimulates the release of luteinizing   hormone from the goldfish anterior pituitary. Our findings further   support a reproductive role for secretoneurin and related peptides,   given the importance of oxytocin family peptides in reproductive   behavior in vertebrates.","palabras_clave":"SECRETONEURIN   |HYPOTHALAMUS|PITUITARY|PROLACTIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113068,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cholesterol modulates the rate and mechanism of acetylcholine receptor internalization.","resumen":"Stability of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at the cell surface is key to the correct functioning of the cholinergic synapse. Cholesterol (Chol) is necessary for homeostasis of AChR levels at the plasmalemma and for ion translocation. Here we characterize the endocytic pathway followed by muscle-type AChR in Chol-depleted cells (Chol(-)). Under such conditions, the AChR is internalized by a ligand-, clathrin-, and dynamin-independent mechanism. Expression of a dominant negative form of the small GTPase Rac1, Rac1N17, abolishes receptor endocytosis. Unlike the endocytic pathway in control CHO cells (1), accelerated AChR internalization proceeds even upon disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Under Chol(-) conditions, AChR internalization is furthermore found to require the activity of Arf6 and its effectors Rac1 and phospholipase D. The Arf6-dependent mechanism may constitute the default endocytic pathway followed by the AChR in the absence of external ligands, membrane Chol levels acting as a key homeostatic regulator of cell surface receptor levels.","palabras_clave":"CHOLESTEROL|CYTOSKELETON|MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING|NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113069,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Growth hormone treatment in children with idiopathic short stature: correlation of growth response with peripheral thyroid hormone action","resumen":"Objective: Idiopathic short stature (ISS) describes short children with normal GH secretion. Although GH treatment increases their heights, growth response to the therapy differs among patients. Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential for longitudinal growth acting mainly through TH receptors (TR) alpha and beta. We have previously reported that GH treatment reduced peripheral TH action in Turner Syndrome by TR down-regulation. The aims of the study were to assess the effect of GH treatment to ISS on peripheral TH action and the correlation between thyroid status and growth response to the therapy.Subjects, design and measurements: Eighteen normal (control) and twenty-five ISS children were enrolled and evaluated before and after 12 months of life time (control) or 12 months of GH therapy (ISS). Fasting blood was used for serum biochemical evaluations, peripheral blood mononuclear cells for TR mRNA determination by QRT-PCR and growth parameters by standard methods.Results: GH treatment modified neither TR mRNA levels nor serum markers of TH action in ISS evaluated as a whole group. However, the individual change in TR beta mRNA levels correlated to the change in sex hormone\u2013binding globulin (SHBG) levels after GH therapy. The growth response to GH correlated positively with the change in TR alpha mRNA level and negatively with that in TR beta mRNA, TSH and SHBG levels. The change in each TR mRNA isoform after GH treatment correlated negatively with its own basal level.Conclusions: GH therapy induced individual changes in TR expression in ISS that correlated with their growth response. The basal TR mRNA level could predetermine the change in TR expression and therefore the sensitivity to GH treatment.","palabras_clave":"SHORT STATURE|THYROID HORMONE RECEPTORS|GROWTH HORMONE|SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN (SHBG)"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113070,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of an osteoconductive PCL-PDIPF-hydroxyapatite composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering","resumen":"Hydroxyapatite (HAP)-containing poly-&#949;-caprolactone   (PCL)-polydiisopropyl fumarate (PDIPF) composite (Blend) was developed   as an alternative for bone tissue engineering. The physicochemical,   mechanical and biocompatibility properties of these composites were   evaluated using two osteoblast-like cell lines (UMR106 and MC3T3E1) and   compared with the blend without HAP and PCL\/HAP films. The increment in   the elastic modulus and the decrease in the elongation-at-break of   Blend-HAP suggest that the mechanical properties of the HAP scaffolds   have improved significantly. The addition of HAP to both PCL and Blend   significantly improves the cell biocompatibility and osteogenicity of   the scaffolds. Evidence for this notion is based in several   observations: (a) HAP-polymer increases proliferation of osteoblastic   cells; (b) HAP included in the blend increases the ALP expression in   UMR106 cells; (c) HAP-Blend increases the type-I collagen production in   both cell lines, and d) higher levels of the osteogenic transcription   factor Runx-2 were detected when MC3T3E1 osteoblasts were induced to   differentiate and mineralize on HAP-polymer scaffolds. In conclusion, a   novel biocompatible HAP-Blend composite with uniform dispersion of   semi-nano HAP particles and good interphase compatibility has been   prepared successfully. The development of HAP-Blend composite, with   improved physical, mechanical and osteoinductive properties, may   potentially be used in bone tissue-engineering applications.","palabras_clave":"polimeros|osteoblastos|hidroxiapatita|ingeneiria de tejidos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113071,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sunflower crop-wild hybrids: Identification and risks","resumen":"Wild sunflower, Helianthus annuus, is an open-pollinated species that can be a major weed in severalcrops. If it hybridizes with cultivated sunflower the following generations can generate crop-wild hybridsthat could evolve into invasive populations. The objective of this study was to morphologically characterizeF1 hybrids between inbred lines and wild sunflower, their F2, BC1 and BC2 progenies withdomestic sunflower to assess the risk of these plants evolving into invasive biotypes. Crop-wild hybridswere easily identified as off-type plants. F1 plants were taller, branched with several heads, smaller disksand phyllaries, stigma and pale anthocyanins, and a longer flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flower, Helianthus annuus, is an open-pollinated species that can be a major weed in severalcrops. If it hybridizes with cultivated sunflower the following generations can generate crop-wild hybridsthat could evolve into invasive populations. The objective of this study was to morphologically characterizeF1 hybrids between inbred lines and wild sunflower, their F2, BC1 and BC2 progenies withdomestic sunflower to assess the risk of these plants evolving into invasive biotypes. Crop-wild hybridswere easily identified as off-type plants. F1 plants were taller, branched with several heads, smaller disksand phyllaries, stigma and pale anthocyanins, and a longer flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flower the following generations can generate crop-wild hybridsthat could evolve into invasive populations. The objective of this study was to morphologically characterizeF1 hybrids between inbred lines and wild sunflower, their F2, BC1 and BC2 progenies withdomestic sunflower to assess the risk of these plants evolving into invasive biotypes. Crop-wild hybridswere easily identified as off-type plants. F1 plants were taller, branched with several heads, smaller disksand phyllaries, stigma and pale anthocyanins, and a longer flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flower, their F2, BC1 and BC2 progenies withdomestic sunflower to assess the risk of these plants evolving into invasive biotypes. Crop-wild hybridswere easily identified as off-type plants. F1 plants were taller, branched with several heads, smaller disksand phyllaries, stigma and pale anthocyanins, and a longer flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flower to assess the risk of these plants evolving into invasive biotypes. Crop-wild hybridswere easily identified as off-type plants. F1 plants were taller, branched with several heads, smaller disksand phyllaries, stigma and pale anthocyanins, and a longer flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.fied as off-type plants. F1 plants were taller, branched with several heads, smaller disksand phyllaries, stigma and pale anthocyanins, and a longer flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flowering period compared to cultivatedsunflower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flower. None of the F2 plants were similar to wild sunflower plants, but morphologically closer to thecultivated materials. These results showed the improbability that crop-wild off-type plants give rise toplants morphologically similar to wild sunflowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.flowers and therefore the risk of developing invasive populationsby their introduction.","palabras_clave":"seed production|contaminants|off-type plants|progenies|weed"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113072,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unscented Transformation-based filters. Performance Comparison Analysis for the State Estimation in Polymerization Processes with Delayed Measurements","resumen":"State estimation with delayed measurements is essential to the operation of polymer processes due to the limited availability of reliable online sensors and the unavoidable hold-up time in the acquisition of critical variables data. In this work, a two-timescale approach is applied to three filters based on the Unscented Transformation, the Unscented Kalman Filter, the Unscented Recursive Nonlinear Dynamic Data Reconciliation and the Reformulated Constrained Unscented Kalman Filter, in order to incorporate delayed measurements into their estimation scheme. A comprehensive comparative analysis is performed, which shows that the three of them have very good accuracy and convergence properties. However, the Unscented Kalman Filter performs better in terms of computational time.","palabras_clave":"UNSCENTED TRANSFORMATION|POLIMERIZATION|ESTIMATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113073,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of flooding and vegetation on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus dynamics in the pore water of a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh","resumen":"      &nbsp;Four sites were selected in a salt marsh in the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina): (1) low marsh (flooded by the tide twice daily) vegetated by S. alterniflora; (2) non-vegetated low marsh; (3) high marsh (flooded only in spring tides) vegetated by S. alterniflora; (4) non-vegetated high marsh. The pH and Eh were measured in sediments, while dissolved nutrients (ammonium, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate) and particulate organic matter (POM) were determined in pore water. The pH (6.2--8.7) was only affected by vegetation in low areas. The Eh ( from -300&nbsp; to 250 mV) was lower at low sites than at high ones; in the latter, the values were higher in the non-vegetated sediments. The POM concentration was greater in the high marsh than in the low marsh, with no effect of vegetation. Ammonium was the most abundant nitrogen nutrient species in pore water, except in the non-vegetated high marsh where nitrate concentration was higher. All nitrogen nutrients were affected by both flooding and vegetation. Phosphate was always present in pore water at all sites throughout the year and its concentration varied within narrow limits, with no effect of flooding and greater values always at non-vegetated sites. Our results show that the variability of the pore water composition within the marsh is greater than the temporal variation, meaning that both tidal flooding and vegetation are important in the dynamics of nutrients and organic matter in the sediment pore water.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ","palabras_clave":"Biogeochemical cycles|flood|vegetation|salt marshes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113074,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aggregation and adsorption at the air-solution interface of the cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate with two poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) block copolymers aqueous mixtures","resumen":"The aqueous mixed systems (EO76PO30EO76) (TBCP8400)\u2014cetyltrimethyl ammonium tosylate (CTAT), and (EO97PO69EO97) (TBCP12600)\u2014CTAT were studied to determine both the bulk aggregation and the adsorbed monolayer at the air\/water interface. Results were interpreted with the pseudophase separation model plus the regular solution theory for aggregates and monolayers. The behavior is different for TBCP8400\u2013CTAT and TBCP12600\u2013CTAT mixtures, but it is strongly non-ideal in both cases. In bulk, TBCP8400\u2013CTAT mixtures produce aggregates more close to CTAT micelles having TBCP8400 as a solubilizate than the inverse. At low CTAT content, the interaction is repulsive becoming attractive at high TBCP8400 content. The TBCP12600\u2013CTAT aggregates strongly differ from the structure of both pure component micelles, and the interaction is always repulsive. In both cases, the interaction seems not to be cooperative but gradual. CTAT effect on copolymers aggregates seems to be more similar to that of a zwitterionic surfactant than to that of an ionic one. However, CTAT is not included in the aggregates as an ion pair, as revealed by the ionization degree results. It seems that cetyltrimethyl ammonium and tosylate ions have different effects on aggregates which in part are opposite. The adsorbed monolayers also show different behavior. In TBCP8400\u2013CTAT system, the monolayer is mainly a CTAT one with inclusion of TBCP8400 as a monolayer-soluble impurity. However, the inclusion of the non-ionic surfactant alters the structure of the monolayer, which differs from that of the pure CTAT one. The area per adsorbed molecule (A0) is systematically higher than the ideal and computed ones. The system TBCP12600\u2013CTAT shows a monolayer composition which is almost the same that the overall surfactant mixture composition, and the monolayer structure differs from both the pure-TBCP12600 and the pure-CTAT monolayers ones. The experimental A0 values are systematically lower than the ideal and the computed ones. Then, in both cases the A0 values for the pure components do not remain invariable in the mixed monolayer. The phenomenon is interpreted on the basis of the conformation of the copolymers adsorbed at the air\/solution interface.","palabras_clave":"CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM TOSYLATE |POLOXAMER|SURFACTANT MIXTURES|MIXED MICELLES|SYMMETRICAL TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113075,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Remotion of the antibiotic tetracycline by titania and titania-silica composed materials","resumen":"Removal of the antibiotic tetracycline (TC) by TiO2 and the mesoporous binary system TiO2-SiO2 have been studied in batch experiments by performing adsorption isotherms\/kinetics and photodegradation kinetics under different conditions of pH, supporting electrolyte concentration, temperature, adsorbent amount, and TiO2-loading. On the one hand, the adsorption of TC on the studied materials is strongly dependent on pH, increasing as pH decreases. The adsorption mechanism, controlled by diffusion processes, is strongly related to electrostatic attractions and H-bond formations mainly between amide, carbonylic and phenolic groups of the antibiotic and the functional groups of TiO2. The adsorption capacity at constant pH increases in the order TiO2 &lt; TiO2-SiO2 mainly due to the highly surface area that the silica offers and to the homogenously dispersion of the TiO2 nanocrystallites. On the other hand, the photodegradation rate is affected by the presence of the studied materials at several pH, although its photocatalytic activities are more important at pH 7 or lower. The photodegradation mechanisms seem to be related to the formation of OH· radicals which are responsible for the decomposition of TC. The composed titania-silica materials might act not only as an excellent adsorbent but also act as an alternative photocatalyst for pollution control. ","palabras_clave":"TETRACYCLINE|MESOPOROUS MATERIALS|ADSORPTION|ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS|H-BONDING|PHOTODEGRADATION KINETICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113076,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oviposition site preferences and performance in natural resources in the human commensals Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans","resumen":"The choice of egg laying site and progeny\u2019s performance in a rearing site are important components of habitat selection. Despite the huge amount of genetic, morphological, behavioral and physiological data regarding Drosophila melanogaster Meigen and D. simulans Sturtevant, oviposition site preferences remain poorly known. We investigated resource preference (acceptance and choice) and performance (measured as larval viability, developmental time and wing size) in Vitis vinifera Linneo (grape) and Cydonia oblonga Miller (quince), two fruit plants that D. melanogaster and D. simulans use as breeding substrates in western Argentina. Females of both species preferred V. vinifera over C. oblonga when offered to lay eggs on grape and\/or quince, with D. melanogaster showing a more biased preference for V. vinifera than its sibling. Concerning performance, flies reared in C. oblonga developed faster than in V. vinifera, regardless of the species and D. simulans had a shorter developmental time than D. melanogaster. We also observed inter and intraspecific (between flies reared in different resources) differences in wing size and shape. Our study provides novel data concerning ecological aspects scarcely addressed in these species, and suggest that the use of different resource may be a relevant factor in their recent evolutionary history.","palabras_clave":"Habitat selection|Life history traits|Natural breeding resource|Optimal oviposition behaviour"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113077,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Activation of the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway through P2Y2 receptors stimulation by extracellular ATP is involved in osteoblastic cell proliferation","resumen":"We studied the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway modulation and its involvement in the stimulation of ROS 17\/2.8 osteoblast-like cell proliferation by extracellular ATP. A dose- and time-dependent increase in Akt-Ser 473 phosphorylation (p-Akt) was observed. p-Akt was increased by ATPãS and UTP, but not by ADPâS. Akt activation was abolished by PI3K inhibitors and reduced by inhibitors of PI-PLC, Src, calmodulin (CaM) but not of CaMK. p-Akt was diminished by cell incubation in a Ca2+-free medium but not by the use of L-type calcium channel blockers. The rise in intracellular Ca2+ induced by ATP was potentiated in the presence of Ro318220, a PKC inhibitor, and attenuated by the TPA, a known activator of PKC. ATP-dependent p-Akt was diminished by TPA and augmented by Ro318220 treatment in a Ca2+-containing but not in a Ca2+-free medium. ATP stimulated the proliferation of both ROS 17\/2.8 cells and rat osteoblasts through PI3K\/Akt. In the primary osteoblasts, ATP induces alkaline phosphatase activity via PI3K, suggesting that the nucleotide promotes osteoblast differentiation. These results suggest that ATP stimulates osteoblast proliferation through PI-PLC linked-P2Y2 receptors and PI3K\/Akt pathway activation involving Ca2+, CaM and Src. PKC seems to regulate Akt activation through Src and the Ca2+ influx\/CaM pathway. ","palabras_clave":"ATP|P2Y2 receptors|PI3K\/Akt|Osteoblast proliferation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113078,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'ALTERATIONS OF FOLLICULOGENESIS IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME'","resumen":"The objective of the present study was to examine some factors involved in follicular development of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Women with PCOS showed increased levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) but decreased follicular production of progesterone and estradiol by pre-ovulatory follicles. The mRNA expression corresponding to steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), and 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20&#945;-HSD) was increased, while that corresponding to cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) was decreased in PCOS follicles as compared to controls. No changes in the mRNA expression for 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (3&#946;-HSD2), cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (P450scc), cytochrome P450 17 alpha hydroxylase\/lyase (P450c17), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and transcription factors (GATA-4 and GATA-6) were found. We conclude that despite the hyper-luteinized environment of PCOS follicles, these follicles produce lower levels of progesterone and estradiol, and that this is characterized by increased degradation of progesterone and decreased estradiol synthesis. Our data demonstrate that the synthesis of prostaglandin F2&#945; (PGF2&#945;) may be affected in PCOS-follicles and that the transcription factors GATA-4 and GATA-6 are present in PCOS-follicles but they are not involved in the abnormal transcription observed in the steroidogenic enzymes.","palabras_clave":"Follicles|Polycystic ovary syndrome |Progesterone|Estradiol |GATA|Steroidogenesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113079,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hyperthyroidism advances luteolysis in the pregnant rat through changes in prostaglandin balance","resumen":"OBJECTIVE:  To investigate the underlying mechanisms implicated in the premature luteolysis induced by hyperthyroidism in pregnant rats.    DESIGN:  Experimental basic study.    SETTING:  Research institute.    ANIMAL(S):  Groups of 6-8 adult female Wistar rats were injected SC daily with T(4) (0.25 mg\/kg) or vehicle, starting 8 days before mating, and killed by decapitation on days 19 (G19), 20 (G20), and 21 (G21) of pregnancy.    INTERVENTION(S):  Corpora lutea and truncal blood of control and hyperthyroid rats were obtained.    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):  Circulating and intraluteal hormones were determined by using RIA and luteal messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of enzymes and factors involved in P synthesis and metabolism by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. 20&#945;-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20&#945;HSD) mRNA and protein expression was also determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.    RESULT(S):  Hyperthyroidism advanced luteolysis and 20&#945;HSD expression induction by one day without changes in enzymes involved in P synthesis, decreased circulating E(2) and luteal estrogen receptor beta, and increased luteal prostaglandin F(2&#945;) on G19 and G20 and prostaglandin E(2) on G19, while decreasing it on G20. Thus, decreased estrogenic influence and high prostaglandin F(2&#945;)\/prostaglandin E(2) ratio favors premature induction of 20&#945;HSD on hyperthyroid rats.    CONCLUSION:  Hyperthyroidism affects luteolysis in pregnant rats through alterations in luteal prostaglandin balance and decreased luteotrophic factors favoring the luteolytic action of prostaglandin F(2&#945;) that induces premature 20&#945;HSD expression that in turn advances circulating P fall and delivery.","palabras_clave":"tiroides|gestación |cuerpo lúteo|hormonas tiroideas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113080,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The welfare of working and traction horses in the Argentinean Republic","resumen":"The welfare of working and traction horses in the Argentinean Republic  Ghezzi M.D.  Publisher: FAO  http:\/\/www.fao.org\/ag\/againfo\/themes\/animal-welfare\/blog\/en\/?tx_wecdiscussion[pg]=12","palabras_clave":"WELFARE|WORKING|HORSES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113081,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The sesquiterpene botrydial produced by Botrytis cinerea induces the hypersensitive response on plant tissues and its action is modulated by salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling","resumen":"Botrytis cinerea, as a necrotrophic fungus, kills host tissues and feeds on the remains. This fungus is able to induce the hypersensitive response (HR) on its hosts, thus taking advantage on the host\u2019s defense machinery for generating necrotic tissues. However, the identity of HR effectors produced by B. cinerea is not clear. The aim of this work was to determine if botrydial, a phytotoxic sesquiterpene produced by B. cinerea, is able to induce the HR on plant hosts, using A. thaliana as a model. Botrydial induced the expression of the HR marker HSR3; callose deposition and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and phenolic compounds. Botrydial also induced the expression of PR1 and PDF1.2, two pathogenesis-related proteins involved in defense responses regulated by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA), respectively. A. thaliana and tobacco plants defective in SA signaling were more resistant to botrydial than wild type plants, as opposed to A. thaliana plants defective in JA signaling, which were more sensitive. It can be concluded that botrydial induces the HR on its hosts and its effects are modulated by host signaling pathways mediated by SA and JA.","palabras_clave":"Botrytis cinerea|toxin|botrydial|plant pathogen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113082,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Paleoenvironments in the Paso Otero locality during Late Pleistocene ? Holocene (Pampean region, Argentina): an interdisciplinary approach.","resumen":"The recently excavated Paso Otero 4 site is located within the Paso Otero archaeological locality (Necochea District, Pampean Region). The site is characterized by the presence of a great variety of archaeological  materials and a rich and complex stratigraphic record which allows use of an interdisciplinary approach.The objective of this paper is to present the results of the geoarchaeological, palynological, phytolith, and  diatom analyses in order to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions for the  Late Pleistocene through Holocene. These lines of research allow inference of paleoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic conditions on both local and regional scales. At the site, the Río Salado Member (Unit 2), where the archaeological deposit is buried, underwent sudden and  fluctuating changes in water availability conditions,   although the settingwas basically characterized by calm depositional processes within and along the margins of interconnected lagoons. Paleoclimatic reconstructions indicate the existence of abrupt climatic changes throughout the sequence. Early Holocene human occupations took place under regionally temperate-warm climates while the end of the Middle Holocene witnessed cold and arid or cold temperate climates. In general terms, paleoenvironmental conditions inferred for Paso Otero 4 are in accordance with regional reconstructions proposed for the Pampas.","palabras_clave":"PALAEONENVIRONMENTS|PASO OTERO|CUATERNARIO|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113083,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fluvial dispersal potential of guanaco bones (Lama guanicoe) under controlled experimental conditions: the influence of age classes to the hydrodinamic behavior","resumen":"Hydrodynamic sorting is a taphonomic process able to transport and scatter bones deposited in archaeological and paleontological sites. This study presents the results of experimentation performed in an artificial flume with guanaco (Lama guanicoe) bones of different ontogenetic development, dry and saturated in water, in hydric flows velocities of 15 and 30 cm\/s. The obtained results show that bone global density, the age of the individual, the dry or wet bone state, and the hydric flow velocity influence significantly bone dispersion. In this way, bones from immature individuals with unfused secondary growth centers and relatively low bulk density have better possibility of being transported than fused bones from adult individuals. Taking into account the results obtained in this experimentation and the feasibility of discriminating age categories in fossil assemblages, two bone groups with differential potential transport are presented in this paper. These transport groups constitute a methodological tool to evaluate the role hydric current may had played in the formation of a fossil assemblage.","palabras_clave":"TAPHONOMY|FLUME EXPERIMENTS|LAMA GUANICOE|AGE PROFILE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113084,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of terpolymers containing 1,2,4 oxadiazolic pendant groups with potential application as workover fluids","resumen":"Presence of planar, bulky heterocyclic pendant groups, attached to polymer chains, alters the thermal properties and, once gelled, they modify their rheological properties as well. The authors report generation of stiff gels coming from terpolymers containing 1,2,4-oxadiazolic pendant groups, obtained by chemical modification of commercial polyacrylonitrile. The gels formed in basic aqueous solutions were compared and the effect of substituents linked to the heterocycles on thermal stability and viscoelastic properties was also analyzed. The structural modifications were followed by FTIR. The potential use of these terpolymers as workover fluids is discussed. ","palabras_clave":"TERPOLYMERS|POLYACRYLONITRILE|HETEROCYCLIC PENDANT GROUPS|VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES|WORKOVER FLUIDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113085,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation of pectin enriched products from red beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva) wastes: composition and functional properties","resumen":"The present work was dedicated to the development of an extraction process for red beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva) by-products that preserves the high molecular weight of the macromolecules with the primary aim of waste upgrading. Our study concerns the extraction of pectin enriched products with potential thickening properties for their usage in food formulation, as well as with some healthy physiological effect, by using citrate buffer (pH = 5.2) either alone or with enzymes (hemicellulase or cellulase) active on cell wall polysaccharide networks. Considering that red beet tissue contains ferulic acid which crosslinks pectin macromolecules through arabinose residues to anchor them into the cell wall, an alkaline pre-treatment was also evaluated in order to perform polysaccharide hydrolysis in the cell wall network to accomplish higher renderings. Chemical composition and yield, as well as the in vitro glucose retention exerted by the isolated fiber products were finally analyzed.","palabras_clave":"red beet|wastes|pectin|enzymes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113086,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Contribution of the horizontal transmission of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to the overall performance of a fungal powder formulation against Triatoma infestans","resumen":"Control of domiciliated Triatoma infestans, the major Chagas disease vector in southern South America, is currently achieved by indoor residual spraying of infested houses with chemical insecticides. However, in recent years this strategy has been threatened by the emergence of pyrethroid-resistant bug populations. As an alternative approach, we have previously demonstrated the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to control T. infestans bugs regardless of their pyrethroid susceptibility. In this work, we tested the virulence and residual activity of a fungal powdered formulation, and studied the significance of the horizontal transmission process (autodissemination) to fungal infection of bugs. The B. bassiana-based formulation was highly virulent against all T. infestans stages, and maintained its insecticidal capability at least for 5 months under natural ambient conditions. We showed that horizontal transmission of conidia is associated to bug density, and contributes significantly to the overall population infection event.                           ","palabras_clave":"Chagas disease vectors|triatomines|biocontrol|autodissemination"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113087,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"INFLUENCE OF DISLOCATION GLIDE ON THE SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION OF FATIGUED DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS","resumen":"The present work is focused on assessing the influence of dislocation movement on spinodaldecomposition through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis in aged duplex stainless steel (DSS) S32750. Dislocation bands and microbands are the prominent dislocation arrangements observed in fatigue tested aged samples. By EDS measurements it was found that the spinodal decomposition was dissolved inside these dislocations structures. Therefore, the mechanism of microband formation developed in the ferritic phase during cycling seems to be responsible for the demodulation of the spinodal decomposition and cyclic softening of the aged DSS.","palabras_clave":"DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL|SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION|FATIGUE|DISLOCATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113088,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"INITIATION AND GROWTH OF SHORT CRACKS DURING CYCLING IN AN AGED SUPERDUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL","resumen":"The kinetics of short crack growth during cycling has been studied in a superduplex stainless steel in aged condition. After few cycles, slip lines appear distributed in both phases but the preferred phase for microcrack nucleation is the ferrite. Contrary to the exponential behavior observed in the as-received material, the growth rate of microcracks in aged condition follows a rather linear law. Internal dislocation structures were studied in the near surface region; microbands that sometimes extend over several grains were found at approximately 45o of the tensile axis on ferrite grains. The origin of the microbands has been analyzed and correlated with the microcracks.","palabras_clave":"LOW CYCLE FATIGUE|DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL|CRACK INITIATION AND PROPAGATION|AGED MATERIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113089,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Disclosure of cholesterol recognition motifs in transmembrane domains of the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","resumen":"Cholesterol influences ion-channel function, distribution and clustering in the membrane, endocytosis, and exocytic sorting of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR). We report the occurrence of a cholesterol recognition motif, here coined \u2018\u2018CARC\u2019\u2019, in the transmembrane regions of AChR subunits that bear extensive contact with the surrounding lipid, and are thus optimally suited to convey cholesterol-mediated signaling from the latter. Three cholesterol molecules could be docked on the transmembrane segments of each AChR subunit, rendering a total of 15 cholesterol molecules per AChR molecule. The CARC motifs contribute each with an energy of interaction between 35 and 52 kJ.mol21, adding up to a total of about 200 kJ.mol21 per receptor molecule, i.e. 40% of the lipid solvation free energy\/ AChR molecule. The CARC motif is remarkably conserved along the phylogenetic scale, from prokaryotes to human, suggesting that itcould be responsible for some of the above structural\/functional properties of the AChR.","palabras_clave":"nicotinic acetylcholine receptor|cholesterol|transmembrane domains|membrane"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113090,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of Voltage Unbalance Effects on Induction Motors with Open and Closed Slots","resumen":"This paper aims to complement studies concerning the influence of voltage unbalance on the performance of induction motors. We use sequence equivalent circuits to determine the increase of losses in the induction motor. We take into account the dependence of the rotor negative-sequence reactance with the load state and the increase in rotor resistance with the negative-sequence currents. Variations in the negative-sequence impedance are related with the structural characteristics of the rotor. We analyze motors with open and closed rotor slots, because the impedance of rotors with closed slots grows considerably when the load is less than rated, producing lower negative-sequence currents and lower losses. Increased rotor impedance in closed slot motors protects these motors against problems due to unbalanced supply voltage. For both type of rotors, we analyze motor derating factor based on voltage unbalance and increases in total losses and rotor losses.","palabras_clave":"Voltage unbalance|Induction motors|Derating factor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113091,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Carga admisible en motores de inducción alimentados con tensiones distorsionadas","resumen":"En este trabajo se realiza una breve descripción de los efectos de los armónicos en la tensión de alimentación sobre el desempeño del motor de inducción (MI). En esta descripción se detallan los problemas asociados al incremento de pérdidas, oscilaciones de par y potencia del MI derivados de la alimentación con armónicos de tensión. Posteriormente, se analiza el incremento de las pérdidas en los MI con rotor jaula de ardillas de barras abiertas y cerradas a partir de su circuito equivalente. Asimismo, se determinan los factores de demérito de la potencia de placa para evitar la reducción en la vida útil del MI. Los resultados muestran que los MI con rotores de barras cerradas son más robustos que los de barras abiertas frente a distorsiones en las tensiones de alimentación.","palabras_clave":"ARMÓNICOS DE TENSIÓN|MOTOR DE INDUCCIÓN|CALIDAD DE ENERGÍA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113092,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High resolution FIB-TEM and FIB-SEM characterization of electrode\/electrolyte interfaces in solid oxide fuel cells materials","resumen":"        A Focused Ion Beam (FIB) \/ lift-out  technique was used to prepare site-specific thin samples of the  cathode\/electrolyte interface of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel  Cells (IT-SOFC) materials. The cathode under study was a nanostructured  perovskite of composition La0.4Sr0.6Co0.8Fe0.2O3-d (LSCF)  deposited by spin coating on a Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-d&nbsp; (CGO) supporting substrate. We compared the  results for a 15 mm and a 5 mm thickness cathode  layers, before and after a thermal treatment of 1000 hours at 500 ºC, with the aim of  simulating operation conditions. Both, Transmission (TEM) and Scanning (SEM)  Electron Microscopy, coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) systems,  were used to characterize the composition and nanostructure at both sides of  the cathode\/electrolyte interface. To our knowledge, this is the first time  that a semi-coherent interface between LSCF and CGO was observed by Electron  Diffraction as well as by High Resolution TEM in many points at the interfacial  boundary. A large difference in total contact area was observed between the  thickest and the thinnest cathode layers, despite they present the same  composition and nano sized structure. The real contact area in the 5 mm  cathode sample is around 50% less than in the 15 mm sample due to the  presence of pores at the interface. This observation may partially explain the  difference in resistivity observed for these two half cells assemblies. On the  other side, no differences were found comparing composition and nanostructure  at the interface before and after the thermal treatment. Thus, this study becomes  fundamental to understand the role played by the interface for improving the  performance of IT-SOFC under long time operation conditions: a necessary  premise for its real application.","palabras_clave":"INTERFACE|SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL|FOCUSED ION BEAM|NANOSTRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113093,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of SOFC Cathodes Prepared by Pulse Laser Deposition","resumen":"                              We studied the electrochemical performance  and microstructural characteristics of La1-ySryCoO3-d (LSCO) cathodes prepared by pulse laser deposition (PLD). This  technique allows the growth of nanostructured cathode layers with  vertically-aligned nanopores (VANP). In some samples, a vertically aligned  nanocomposite (VAN) LSCO\/CGO layer was introduced between the cathode and the Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95  (CGO) electrolyte. The  structure and morphology of several film configurations were characterized by  X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and synchrotron  X-ray reflectometry, while the electrochemical properties were evaluated by  means of impedance spectroscopy. We found that cathode  area specific resistances (ASR) for VANP LSCO samples are almost independent of  film thickness and are within the lowest reported values. A significant  decrease in the ASR values was observed while heating the sample, but after  this first heating, the ASR values were reproducible, indicating that these  nanostructures are stable in the used temperatures and oxygen partial pressure  ranges.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"PULSED LASER DEPOSITION|SOFC|TEM|LSCO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113094,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Air quality biomonitoring in agricultural areas nearby to urban and industrial emission sources in Córdoba province, Argentina, employing the bioindicator Tillandsia capillaris","resumen":"The air quality in agricultural areas close to industrial emission sources (chemical, metallurgical and cement plant) was evaluated through a biomonitoring study employing the epiphytic species Tillandsia capillaris Ruíz and Pav. f. capillaris. Plants were collected from a non-contaminated area in the provinceof Córdoba (reference site) and transplanted back to this site and into three industrial areas representing different emission sources of air pollutants: cement plant, chemical and metallurgical industries. Biomonitors were exposed to ambient air for four periods of 3 months each during one year (for determinationof physiological parameters) and for four periods of 6 months each during two years (for determination of trace elements). In the exposure period coinciding with the winter season (i.e., the dry season) the plants showed the strongest global physiological damage, possibly due to higher air pollutant concentrations. The comparison among study areas indicates the highest values of foliar damage index at the chemical industries sites, possibly due to the emission of oxidizing pollutants. On the other hand, heavy metals and trace element concentrations (V, Fe, Co, Cu, Br, Ni, Zn and Pb) were associated mainly with metallurgical industries, although the chemical industries and the cement plant were associated with Ni, Zn and Ca accumulation in the biomonitor, respectively. Considering that these sites with high industrial activity are located close to soybean producing areas, further environmental and toxicological studies are necessary, taking into account food safety and human health.","palabras_clave":"Tillandsia capillaris|Trace elements|foliar damage|Córdoba, Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113095,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relationship between trace elemental composition in Fraxinus pennsylvanica bark and the incidence of some respiratory diseases in Córdoba, Argentina","resumen":"In order to evaluate the use of Fraxinus pennsylvanica as a biomonitor of trace elements and to investigate their relationship with the incidence of some respiratory diseases in children, bark samples of F. pennsylvanica were collected at ten sampling sites near healthcare centres in Córdoba city, Argentina, and analysed by Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence with synchrotron radiation. Factor analysis was used to identify element emission sources. The first factor was associated with industrial activities, the second might represent soil sources and the third factor was related to vehicular traffic emissions. Pearson\u2019s correlation analysis between these factors and the incidence of respiratory diseases showed that factor 1 correlated with allergic rush, factor 2 with allergic rhinitis and factor 3 with respiratory infections. The results suggest that bark samples of F. pennsylvanica can be use as an efficient biomonitor to assess the human exposure to trace elements.","palabras_clave":"Fraxinus pennsylvanica|bark|factor analysis|Respiratory diseases"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113096,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Maximum values of Ni2+,  Cu2+,  Pb2+ and  Zn2+ in  the  biomonitor  Tillandsia capillaris (Bromeliaceae): Relationship  with  cell  membrane  damage","resumen":"Although several plants belonging to the Bromeliaceae family have been used as heavy metal accumulators in biomonitoring studies, their accumulation ability has not been investigated. The present study obtained the accumulation rates of Ni2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ in leaves of T. capillaris and revealed their effects on lipid peroxidation by measuring the Malondialdehyde content (MDA). Leaves of T. capillaris were exposed to different metallic solutions of Cu2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+  cations. After this exposure period, the accumulation of these ions was measured by Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) analysis with Synchrotron Radiation, and the MDA content was calculated. Data sets were evaluated by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a fitted regression hyperbola model. The results showed significant differences in the accumulation efficiencies of the cations under study. In addition, the Enrichment Factor (EF) estimated for these cations was higher for Ni2+, suggesting a greater affinity of the plant with this element. Over time, all the metals under study caused significant increases in the MDA content, indicating their toxicity effects even in the most diluted solutions used in this study.","palabras_clave":"epiphytic vascular|metal accumulation|lipid peroxidation|MDA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113097,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vaccination of guinea pigs using mce operon mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","resumen":"The limited efficacy of the BCG vaccine for tuberculosis, coupled with emerging information suggestingthat it is poorly protective against newly emerging strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis such as the WBeijingisolates, makes it paramount to search for more potent alternatives. One such class of candidatesis attenuated mutants derived from M. tuberculosis itself. We demonstrate here, in an initial short termassay, that mutants derived from disruption of the mce genes of the bacillus were highly protectivein guinea pigs exposed by low dose aerosol infection with the virulent W-Beijing isolate SA161. Thisprotection was demonstrated by a significant reduction in the numbers of bacilli harvested from thelungs, and dramatic improvements in lung histopathology.","palabras_clave":"tuberculosis|virulence|animal model|vaccine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113098,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of pathogenesis caused in Cattle and Guinea Pig by a Mycobacterium bovis strain isolated from Wild Boar","resumen":"Background: In many regions of the world, wild mammals act as reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis, a situation thatprevents the eradication of bovine tuberculosis. In order to observe whether a strain isolated from a wild boar,previously tested as highly virulent in a mice model, is also virulent in cattle, we performed cattle experimentalinoculation with this strainResults: Groups of Friesian calves were either infected with the wild boar strain M. bovis 04-303 or with the bovinestrain NCTC10772 as a control. We found that antigen-specific IFN-g release in whole blood samples occurredearlier in animals infected with M. bovis 04-303. Both M. bovis strains resulted in a positive skin test, with animalsinfected with the wild boar isolate showing a stronger response. These results and the presence of more severeorgan lesions, with granuloma and pneumonic areas in cattle demonstrate that the wild boar isolate is morevirulent than the NCTC10772 strain. Additionally, we tested the infectivity of the M. bovis strains in guinea pigs andfound that M. bovis 04-303 had the highest pathogenicity.Conclusions: M. bovis strains isolated from wild boars may be pathogenic for cattle, producing TB lesions.","palabras_clave":"boars| tuberculosis|bovines|Mycobacterium bovis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113099,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Respuesta inmune en terneros experimentalmente infectados con diferentes dosis de Mycobacterium bovis","resumen":"Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, infects animals of agricultural importance and others mammals, including humans. Therefore, this disease causes significant economical losses and is a public health hazard. To better understand the immune response against M. bovis in cattle, in this study we characterized the immunological profile towards M. bovis antigens in cattle experimentally infected at various doses of a virulent M. bovis strain by measurement of IFN-&#611; production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and by determining which lymphocyte subsets are involved in recall responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected cattle to M. bovis antigens. We found that the level of CD4 cell activation is similar among infected group irrespectively of the doses used to infect the animals, while activation of CD8 cells is dose-dependent. We also found that the production of IFN-&#611; in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after specific stimuli is not associated with the bacterial counts in the infectious doses.","palabras_clave":"Tuberculosis bovina|Respuesta inmune|infección experimental|M.bovis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113100,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Three new SF-1 (NR5A1) gene mutations in two unrelated families with multiple affected members: within family variability in 46,XY subjects and low ovarian reserve in fertile 46,XX subjects","resumen":"BACKGROUND: three novel heterozygous SF-1 gene mutations affecting multiple members of two unrelated families with a history of 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) and 46,XX ovarian insufficiency are described. METHODS: clinical and mutational analysis of the SF-1 gene in 9 subjects of two families. RESULTS: family 1 had 2 affected 46,XY DSD subjects. One, born with severe perineal hypospadias, was raised as a male, and presented normal adolescence. The other, born with ambiguous genitalia, uterus, and mild testicular dysgenesis, was raised as a female. A W279X heterozygous mutation and an intronic deletion (g3314-3317delTCTC (IVS 4 + 8) was found in the SF-1 gene. In family 2, 4\/6 affected siblings had 46,XY DSD or hypospadias. An affected 46,XX sister had normal sexual development but increased FSH levels. The 37-year-old affected mother had entered menopause. An Y183X heterozygous mutation was detected. CONCLUSION: an extreme within-family phenotypic variability, ranging from severe prenatal undervirilization to normal pubertal development, was observed in 46,XY-affected siblings, indicating that other unknown factors might be involved in the phenotype. Low ovarian reserve and preserved fertility in 46,XX subjects can be observed in heterozygous SF-1 gene mutations. ","palabras_clave":"SF-1|DSD|Ovarian insufficiency"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113101,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic mapping of natural variation in a shade avoidance response: ELF3 is the candidate gene for a QTL in hypocotyl growth regulation","resumen":"When plants become shaded by neighbouring plants, they perceive a decrease in the red\/far-red (R\/FR) ratio of the light environment,                     which provides an early and unambiguous warning of the presence of competing vegetation. The mechanistic bases of the natural                     genetic variation in response to shade signals remain largely unknown. This study demonstrates that a wide range of genetic                     variation for hypocotyl elongation in response to an FR pulse at the end of day (EOD), a light signal that simulates natural                     shade, exists between Arabidopsis accessions. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis was done in the Bayreuth×Shahdara recombinant inbred line population.                     EODINDEX1 is the most significant QTL identified in response to EOD. The Shahdara alleles at EODINDEX1 caused a reduced response to shade as a consequence of an impaired hypocotyl inhibition under white light, and an accelerated                     leaf movement rhythm, which correlated positively with the pattern of circadian expression of clock genes such as PRR7 and PRR9. Genetic and quantitative complementation analyses demonstrated that ELF3 is the most likely candidate gene underlying natural variation at EODINDEX1. In conclusion, ELF3 is proposed as a component of the shade avoidance signalling pathway responsible for the phenotypic differences between Arabidopsis populations in relation to adaptation in a changing light environment.","palabras_clave":"ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA|EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3)|END OF DAY FAR- RED LIGHT (EOD)|NATURAL GENETIC VARIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113102,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Habilidades discursivas y representaciones mentales en niños pequeños","resumen":"Este trabajo tiene por objeto estudiar la relación entre las características de la organización de las representaciones mentales de eventos y el desempeño narrativo en niños. Para ello se han considerado los relatos de experiencia personal construidos en base a representaciones diferentes, producidos por dos niños de 5 años. Se analizaron y compararon los relatos atendiendo al tipo de narrativa, al uso de recursos narrativos y a la interacción.Los resultados indican que los niños poseen diferentes grados de dominio de la competencia narrativa en función del contexto cognitivo de la tarea (representaciones cognitivas), por lo que el desempeño narrativo parecería estar fuertemente condicionado por la estructuración del evento en la memoria episódica.","palabras_clave":"NIÑOS PEQUEÑOS|NARRATIVAS|HABILIDADES DISCURSIVAS|REPRESENTACIONES DE EVENTOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113103,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of bark damage by feral herbivores on columnar cactus Echinopsis (=Trichocereus) terscheckii reproductive output","resumen":"Columnar cacti are an important feature of the arid \u201Ccardonal\u201D landscape in South America. The predominant columnar cactus in the southern zone is Echinopsis (=Trichocereus) terscheckii. At some sites, the species suffers considerable trunk damage, attributed in previous studies to feral livestock grazing (donkey and cattle). In order to understand the potential impact of this damage on columnar cactus populations,  we investigated whether reproductive output (flower, fruit and seed production) of E. terscheckii individuals was related to damage, controlling for the effect of individual plant size and habitat characteristics measured at meso and micro-scale. Cactus trunk  damage negatively correlated with the number of flowers and fruits, but not with fruit size. We also found significant effects of meso and micro-habitat conditions on all the analyzed reproductive parameters while plant size was positively related to flower and fruit production. These results show that bark damage reduces the reproductive potential  of cacti, and therefore that large feral herbivores could have negative effects on reproduction of columnar cacti. Such findings highlight the need for management programs to monitor population trends of these plants and also exotic herbivores.","palabras_clave":"cattle|donkey|fruit|introduced ungulates"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113104,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Repeated Labilization-Reconsolidation Processes Strengthen Declarative Memory in Humans","resumen":"The idea that memories are immutable after consolidation has been challenged. Several reports have shown that after the presentation of a specific reminder, reactivated old memories become labile and again susceptible to amnesic agents. Such vulnerability diminishes with the progress of time and implies a re-stabilization phase, usually referred to as reconsolidation. To date, the main findings describe the mechanisms associated with the labilization-reconsolidation process, but little is known about its functionality from a biological standpoint. Indeed, two functions have been proposed. One suggests that destabilization of the original memory after the reminder allows the integration of new information into the background of the original memory (memory updating), and the other suggests that the labilization-reconsolidation process strengthens the original memory (memory strengthening). We have previously reported the reconsolidation of human declarative memories, demonstrating memory updating in the framework of reconsolidation. Here we deal with the strengthening function attributed to the reconsolidation process. We triggered labilization-reconsolidation processes successively by repeated presentations of the proper reminder. Participants learned an association between five cue-syllables and their respective response-syllables. Twenty-four hours later, the paired-associate verbal memory was labilized by exposing the subjects to one, two or four reminders. The List-memory was evaluated on Day 3 showing that the memory was improved when at least a second reminder was presented in the time window of the first labilization-reconsolidation process prompted by the earlier reminder. However, the improvement effect was revealed on Day 3, only when at least two reminders were presented on Day2 and not as a consequence of only retrieval. Therefore, we propose central concepts for the reconsolidation process, emphasizing its biological role and the parametrical constrains for this function to be operative.","palabras_clave":"RECONSOLIDATION|STRENGTHENING|REAPETED LABILIZATIONS|RECONSOLIDATION FUNCTIONALLITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113105,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aplicación del sistema láser para evaluar la erosión de acantilados marinos. Caso Las Grutas, Argentina","resumen":"Los acantilados marinos constituyen unas de las geoformas más usuales y ocupan aproximadamente el 80% de las costas del mundo (Emery y Khun, 1982). La erosión de un acantilado se transforma en un problema cuando es enfocado desde una perspectiva antrópica. A lo largo de vastas costas urbanizadas existe una progresiva desvalorización e incluso pérdida de las propiedades (Benumof y Griggs, 1999). La erosión se asocia principalmente a procesos episódicos y localizados de remoción en masa que se relacionan a eventos de ondas de tormenta. Asimismo, el proceso de meteorización física o química provocada por agentes subaéreos (p.ej.,viento, actividad biológica, spray marino, etc.) cumple un rol clave en la erosión a mediano y largo plazo. Del mismo modo, la incidencia antrópica (p.ej., construcciones incrustadas en la roca, escorrentía pluvial, filtraciones de residuos líquidos urbanos en los frentes del acantilado, etc.) contribuye a incrementar la inestabilidad de la roca. Las variables intrínsecas y extrínsecas que intervienen en el modelado de los acantilados plantean diferentes patrones de erosión y, en consecuencia, de riesgo socioterritorial a lo largo de la costa. En este contexto, resulta indispensable el conocimiento de estas variables para la implementación de medidas de control adecuadas. Numerosos trabajos combinaron métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos para explicar la inestabilidad de los acantilados. Las mediciones en el terreno constituyen el método más preciso para determinar los ritmos de erosión de los acantilados, mientras que los mapas y fotografías aéreas pueden resultar inconsistentes (Schwartz, 2005). El balneario de Las Grutas se localiza en el sector Noroccidental del Golfo San Matías en una región semiárida. El balneario está bordeado por una línea de acantilados activos que muestran rasgos de erosión actual tales como cavernas o grutas, medias cañas de erosión o muescas, bloques caídos al pie de los mismos, entre otros. A lo largo de la costa se presenta una extensa plataforma de abrasión que se interrumpe en la porción central de la localidad y se encuentra parcialmente cubierta por una playa de arenas medianas a finas. Los acantilados se componen de rocas sedimentarias con un patrón de diaclasas variable. La marea, de régimen semidiurno, presenta un rango macromareal con amplitud promedio de 6,3 m (SHN). En este trabajo se propone una metodología de campo basada en perfiles transversales de acantilados mediante sistema láser que permite obtener tasas de erosión, morfología, y pendiente general y parcial de la geoforma. Estos resultados contribuyen a identificar zonas de riesgo de erosión a lo largo de una sección transversal y, consecuentemente, sectorizar tramos de una costa estudiada. Dicha metodología se aplicó en secciones representativas de la costa del balneario Las Grutas. Para ello se diseñó un instrumental láser que aporta información de alta resolución.","palabras_clave":"ACANTILADOS MARINOS|TELEMETRÍA LÁSER|EROSIÓN|LAS GRUTAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113106,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Food habits of the Roadside Hawk (Buteo magnirostris) during the nonbreeding season in the southeastern pampas of Argentina","resumen":"Se estudiaron los hábitos tróficos de Buteo magnirostris durante los periodos no reproductivos entre 2006?08 en el sudeste de la región pampeana de Argentina. Colectamos 228 egagrópilas en seis sitios de descanso utilizados por adultos y juveniles (aproximadamente 10 individuos), e identificamos sus contenidos hasta el nivel taxonómico más bajo posible. B. magnirostris se alimentó principalmente de pequeños mamíferos (98.2%), especialmente de roedores (94.9%). Ítems presa tales como aves, anfibios e insectos fueron encontrados en bajas proporciones en su dieta. Debido a que el ratón de campo (Akodon azarae) fue la presa más importante tanto en número (62.5%) como en biomasa (70.3%), (a) la amplitud de nicho trófico presentó valores bajos (Índice de Levins Estandarizado 5 0.10) y (b) el tamaño promedio de presas también fue relativamente bajo (25.2 g). La composición de la dieta fue similar para todos los periodos de muestreo (Coeficiente de Concordancia de Kendall = 0.76; x2 = 27.47, gl = 12, P = 0.007), mostrando altos valores de solapamiento entre años (Índice de Pianka = 94%). Nuestros resultados concordaron con los reportes previos que indicaban que B. magnirostris consume pequeños  vertebrados en Sudamérica, y evidenciaron también que la dieta de esta rapaz es más amplia de lo que se había reportado previamente para Argentina, donde era considerada como una especie principalmente insectívora.","palabras_clave":"Falconiformes|Buteo|relaciones tróficas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113107,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Risk factors associated with DRESS syndrome produced by aromatic and non-aromatic antipiletic drugs","resumen":"Purpose DRESS (drug reaction with eosinophilia andsystemic symptoms) is an idiosyncratic entity associatedwith the use of drugs. Its pathophysiology is not known, butis associated with immunological or genetic factors. Theincidence is 0.4 cases per 1,000,000 general population.The syndrome usually develops at the beginning oftreatment and is characterized by the presence of rash,fever, eosinophilia and systemic manifestations. The aim ofour study was to describe the clinical manifestation andtreatment of patients with DRESS associated with antiepilepticdrugs (AEDs).Methods This is a descriptive study with the aim ofdescribing the clinical manifestation and treatment associatedwith DRESS produced by aromatic and non-aromaticAEDs.Results Eight patients treated with AEDs developed DRESSbetween January 2007 and May 2010 at our hospital. All haddermatological manifestations, eosinophilia and systemic(haematological and hepatic) manifestations that could beattributed to treatment with aromatic AEDs (carbamazepine, 2patients; lamotrigine, 3 patients; phenytoin, 3 patients).Therapeutic management included removal of the drug fromthe therapeutic regime, symptomatic management, life supportand use of corticosteroids. There was no mortalityassociated with the syndrome. Reversion of systemic manifestationswas very slow: between 1 and 6 months.Conclusions DRESS is a severe cutaneous reaction, withhigh morbidity and mortality, whose development seems tobe associated with individual susceptibility, type of antiepilepticdrug used (more common with aromatic drugs),titration rate and concomitant medications.","palabras_clave":"Epilepsy|Antiepileptic drugs|Adverse effects|Hipersensitivity|DRESS syndrome"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113108,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mapping of the self-interaction domains in the simian immunodeficiency virus Gag polyprotein","resumen":"To gain a better understanding of the assembly process in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), we first established the conditions under which recombinant SIV Gag lacking the C-terminal p6 domain (SIV Gagdeltap6) assembled in vitro into spherical particles. Based on the full multimerization capacity of SIV Gagdeltap6, and to identify the Gag sequences involved in homotypic interactions, we next developed a pull-down assay in which a panel of histidine-tagged SIV Gag truncation mutants were tested for their ability to associate in vitro with GST-SIVGagdeltap6. Removal of the nucleocapsid (NC) domain from Gag impaired its ability to interact with GST-SIVGagdeltap6. However, this Gag mutant consisting of the matrix (MA) and capsid (CA) domains still retained 50% of the wild-type binding activity. Truncation of SIV Gag from its N-terminus yielded markedly different results. The Gag region consisting of the CA and NC was significantly more efficient than wild-type Gag at interacting in vitro with GST-SIVGagdeltap6. Notably, a small Gag subdomain containing the C-terminal third of the CA and the entire NC not only bound to GST-SIVGagdeltap6 in vitro at wild-type levels, but also associated in vivo with full-length Gag and was recruited into extracellular particles. Interestingly, when the mature Gag products were analyzed, the MA and NC interacted with GST-SIVGagdeltap6 with efficiencies representing 20% and 40%, respectively, of the wild-type value, whereas the CA failed to bind to GST-SIVGagdeltap6 despite being capable of self-associating into multimeric complexes.","palabras_clave":"SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS|GAG POLYPROTEIN|VIRUS ASSEMBLY|LENTIVIRUSES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113109,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Root hair sweet growth","resumen":"Root hairs are single cells specialized in the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Growing root hairs require intensive cell-wall changes to accommodate cell expansion at the apical end by a process known as tip or polarized growth. We have recently shown that cell wall glycoproteins such as extensions (EXTs) are essential components of the cell wall during polarized growth. Proline hydroxylation, an early posttranslational modification of cell wall EXTs that is catalyzed by prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs), defines the subsequent O-glycosylation sites in EXTs. Biochemical inhibition or genetic disruption of specific P4Hs resulted in the blockage of polarized growth in root hairs. Our results demonstrate that correct hydroxylation and also further O-glycosylation on EXTs are essential for cell-wall self-assembly and, hence, root hair elongation. The changes that O-glycosylated cell-wall proteins like EXTs undergo during cell growth represent a starting point to unravel the entire biochemical pathway involved in plant development.","palabras_clave":"O-glycosylation|extensins|root hair growth"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113110,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assessment of As incorporation in larvae of Argentinian toad (Rhinella arenarum) developed in As-contaminated medium by SR-TXRF","resumen":"Arsenic (As) contamination in the water is a great problem and the occurrences of As contaminations have been reported from 20 countries in the world, including Argentina. Despite the influence that amphibians have on the flow of energy and nutrients in ecological systems, the role that amphibians play in transporting contaminants through food webs has received very little attention. Amphibians have moist, permeable skin and unshelled eggs that are directly exposed to soil, water and sunlight and that can readily absorb toxic substances. Previous result showed that developmental effects of As exposure on common South American toad ({it Rhinella arenarum}) were evident from 4th day as an increased neuro-muscular activity in exposed embryos. However, not As bioaccumulation was observed in early development stages cite{1}. Here, we examined As concentration up to larval stage.   http:\/\/www.lnls.br\/ar2010\/file\/bio\/1790.pdf","palabras_clave":"ARSENIC|ECOTOXICOLOGY|RHINELLA ARENARUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113111,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tuning laser-induced band gaps in graphene","resumen":"Could a laser field lead to the much sought-after tunable band gaps in graphene? By using Floquet theory combined with Green's functions techniques, we predict that a laser field in the mid-infrared range can produce observable band gaps in the electronic structure of graphene. Furthermore, we show how they can be tuned by using the laser polarization. Our results could serve as a guidance to design optoelectronic nanodevices.","palabras_clave":"CARBON-BASED NANOELECTRONIC DEVICES|ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT|GREEN'S FUNCTION TECHNIQUES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113112,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Enhancing single-parameter quantum charge pumping in carbon-based devices","resumen":"We present a theoretical study of quantum charge pumping with a single   ac gate applied to graphene nanoribbons and carbon nanotubes operating   with low resistance contacts. By combining Floquet theory with Green's   function formalism, we show that the pumped current can be tuned and   enhanced by up to two orders of magnitude by an appropriate choice of   device length, gate voltage intensity, and driving frequency and   amplitude. These results offer a promising alternative for enhancing the   pumped currents in these carbon-based devices.","palabras_clave":"CARBON-BASED NANOELECTRONIC DEVICES|ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT|GREEN'S FUNCTION TECHNIQUES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113113,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Quark Contact Interactions in Dijet Angular Distributions in pp Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV Measured with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"Dijet angular distributions from the first LHC pp collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV have been measured with the ATLAS detector. The dataset used for this analysis represents an integrated luminosity of 3.1 pb-1. Dijet &#967; distributions and centrality ratios have been measured up to dijet masses of 2.8 TeV, and found to be in good agreement with Standard Model predictions. Analysis of the &#967; distributions excludes quark contact interactions with a compositeness scale &#923; below 3.4 TeV, at 95% confidence level, significantly exceeding previous limits.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|7 TEV|DIJETS ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113114,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"Jet cross sections have been measured for the firsttime in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energyof 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement usesan integrated luminosity of 17 nb&#8722;1 recorded at the LargeHadron Collider. The anti-kt algorithm is used to identifyjets, with two jet resolution parameters, R = 0.4 and 0.6.The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale,which is determined to within 7% for central jets above60 GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differentialcross sections are presented as functions of jet transversemomentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presentedas functions of dijet mass and the angular variable &#967;.The results are compared to expectations based on next-toleading-order QCD, which agree with the data, providing avalidation of the theory in a new kinematic regime.","palabras_clave":"JET: PAIR PRODUCTION|JET: TRANSVERSE MOMENTUM|JET: RESOLUTION |ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113115,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Diphoton Events with Large Missing Transverse Energy in 7 TeV Proton-Proton Collisions with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"A search for diphoton events with large missing transverse energy   is presented. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector in   proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron   Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.1\/pb. No excess   of such events is observed above the Standard Model background   prediction. In the context of a specific model with one Universal Extra   Dimension with compactification radius R and gravity-induced decays,   values of 1\/R &lt; 728 GeV are excluded at 95% CL, providing the most   sensitive limit on this model to date.","palabras_clave":"Limits on production of particles |String and brane phenomenology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113116,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Charged-particle multiplicities in pp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"Measurements are presented from proton\u2013proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of ,   2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events were   collected using a single-arm minimum-bias trigger. The charged-particle   multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity   and the relationship between the mean transverse momentum and   charged-particle multiplicity are measured. Measurements in different   regions of phase space are shown, providing diffraction-reduced   measurements as well as more inclusive ones. The observed distributions   are corrected to well-defined phase-space regions, using   model-independent corrections. The results are compared to each other   and to various Monte Carlo (MC) models, including a new AMBT1 pythia6   tune. In all the kinematic regions considered, the particle   multiplicities are higher than predicted by the MC models. The central   charged-particle multiplicity per event and unit of pseudorapidity, for   tracks with pT&gt;100 MeV, is measured to be 3.483±0.009 (stat)±0.106 (syst) at  and 5.630±0.003 (stat)±0.169 (syst) at .","palabras_clave":"Inclusive production with identified hadrons |Perturbative calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113117,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the centrality dependence of J\/psi  yields and observation of Z production in lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"Using the ATLAS detector, a centrality-dependent suppression has been observed in the yield of J\/{\\psi} mesons produced in the collisions of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider. In a sample of minimum-bias lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre of mass energy \\surd sNN = 2.76 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 6.7 {\\mu}b^{-1}, J\/{\\psi} mesons are reconstructed via their decays to {\\mu}+{\\mu}- pairs. The measured J\/{\\psi} yield, normalized to the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, is found to significantly decrease from peripheral to central collisions. The centrality dependence is found to be qualitatively similar to the trends observed at previous, lower energy experiments. The same sample is used to reconstruct Z bosons in the {\\mu}+{\\mu}- final state, and a total of 38 candidates are selected in the mass window of 66 to 116 GeV. The relative Z yields as a function of centrality are also presented, although no conclusion can be inferred about their scaling with the number of binary collisions, because of limited statistics. This analysis provides the first results on J\/{\\psi} and Z production in lead-lead collisions at the LHC.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|Heavy-ions|J\/psi"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113118,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of Jet Shapes in Inclusive Jet Production in pp Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"Jet shapes have been measured in inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s=7&#8201;&#8201;TeV using 3&#8201;&#8201;pb-1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with transverse momentum 30&#8201;&#8201;GeV&lt;pT&lt;600&#8201;&#8201;GeV and rapidity in the region |y|&lt;2.8.The data are corrected for detector effects and compared to severalleading-order QCD matrix elements plus parton shower Monte&nbsp;Carlopredictions, including different sets of parameters tuned to modelfragmentation processes and underlying event contributions in the finalstate. The measured jets become narrower with increasing jet transversemomentum and the jet shapes present a moderate jet rapidity dependence.Within QCD, the data test a variety of perturbative and nonperturbativeeffects. In particular, the data show sensitivity to the details of theparton shower, fragmentation, and underlying event models in theMonte&nbsp;Carlo generators. For an appropriate choice of the parametersused in these models, the data are well described.","palabras_clave":"Experimental test|Jets in large-Q2 scattering"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113119,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for massive long-lived highly ionising particles with the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"A search is made for massive long-lived highly ionising particles with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, using 3.1 pb-1 of pp collision data taken at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The signature of energy loss in the ATLAS inner detector and electromagnetic calorimeter is used. No such particles are found and limits on the production cross section for electric charges 6e &lt;= |q| &lt;= 17e and masses 200 GeV &lt;= m &lt;= 1000 GeV are set in the range 1-12 pb for different hypotheses on the production mechanism.","palabras_clave":"High-energy collider experiment|Long-lived particle|Highly ionising |New physics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113120,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV in final states with missing transverse momentum and b-jets","resumen":"Results are presented of a search for supersymmetric particles inevents with large missing transverse momentum and at least one heavyflavour jet candidate in &lt;imgheight='16' border='0' style='vertical-align:bottom' width='73'alt='View the MathML source' title='View the MathML source'src='http:\/\/ars.els-cdn.com\/content\/image\/1-s2.0-S0370269311006368-si2.gif'&gt; proton?proton collisions. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb&#8722;1recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, nosignificant excess is observed with respect to the prediction forStandard Model processes. For R-parity conserving models inwhich sbottoms (stops) are the only squarks to appear in the gluinodecay cascade, gluino masses below 590 GeV (520 GeV) are excluded atthe 95% C.L. The results are also interpreted in an MSUGRA\/CMSSMsupersymmetry breaking scenario with &lt;imgheight='13' border='0' style='vertical-align:bottom' width='67'alt='View the MathML source' title='View the MathML source'src='http:\/\/ars.els-cdn.com\/content\/image\/1-s2.0-S0370269311006368-si3.gif'&gt; and in an SO(10) model framework.","palabras_clave":"SUPERSYMMETRY|B-JETS|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113121,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for a heavy particle decaying into an electron and a muon with the ATLAS detector in &#8730;s = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC","resumen":"This Letter presents the first search for a heavy particle decaying into an e\\mu final state in sqrt(s)=7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS detector during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 35\/pb. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed. Exclusions at 95% confidence level are placed on two representative models. In an R-parity violating supersymmetric model, tau sneutrinos with a mass below 0.75 TeV are excluded, assuming single coupling dominance and the couplings lambda'_{311}=0.11, lambda_{312}=0.07. In a lepton flavor violating model, a Z'-like vector boson with masses of 0.70 to 1.00 TeV and corresponding cross sections times branching ratios of 0.175 to 0.183 pb is excluded. These results extend to higher mass RPV sneutrinos and LFV Z's than previous constraints from the Tevatron.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS CERN|HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113122,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for an excess of events with an identical flavour lepton pair and significant missing transverse momentum in &#8730;s = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"Results are presented of a search for supersymmetric particles decaying into final states with significant missing transverse momentum and exactly two identical flavour leptons (e or mu) of opposite charge in sqrt{s}=7 TeV collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. This channel is particularly sensitive to supersymmetric particle cascade decays producing flavour correlated lepton pairs. Flavour uncorrelated backgrounds are subtracted using a sample of opposite flavour lepton pair events. Observation of an excess beyond Standard Model expectations following this subtraction procedure would offer one of the best routes to measuring the masses of supersymmetric particles. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1 no such excess is observed. Model-independent limits are set on the contribution to these final states from new physics and are used to exclude regions of a phenomenological supersymmetric parameter space.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113123,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for high mass dilepton resonances in pp collisions at &#8730;s =7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment","resumen":"This Letter presents a search for high mass e+e&#8722; or &#956;+&#956;&#8722; resonances in pp collisions at  at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 40 pb&#8722;1.   No statistically significant excess above the Standard Model   expectation is observed in the search region of dilepton invariant mass   above 110 GeV. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the   cross section times branching ratio of Z&#8242;   resonances decaying to dielectrons and dimuons as a function of the   resonance mass. A lower mass limit of 1.048 TeV on the Sequential   Standard Model Z&#8242; boson is derived, as well as mass limits on Z and E6-motivated Z&#8242; models.","palabras_clave":"Grand unified theory|Narrow resonance|New gauge boson|Z&#8242;|Dilepton|Mass spectrum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113124,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the differential cross-sections of inclusive, prompt and non-prompt J\/psi production in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV","resumen":"The inclusive J\/&#968; production cross-section and fraction of J\/&#968; mesons produced in B-hadron decays are measured in proton\u2013proton collisions at  with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, as a function of the transverse momentum and rapidity of the J\/&#968;, using 2.3 pb&#8722;1 of integrated luminosity. The cross-section is measured from a minimum pT of 1 GeV to a maximum of 70 GeV and for rapidities within |y|&lt;2.4 giving the widest reach of any measurement of J\/&#968; production to date. The differential production cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt J\/&#968; are separately determined and are compared to Colour Singlet NNLO, Colour Evaporation Model, and FONLL predictions.","palabras_clave":"J\/psi(3100): hadroproduction|color: singlet|rapidity dependence|differential cross section: measured"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113125,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for pair production of first or second generation leptoquarks in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"This paper describes searches for the pair production of first or second generation scalar leptoquarks using 35\/pb of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. Leptoquarks are seached in events with two oppositely charged muons or electrons and at least two jets, and in events with one muon or electron, missing transverse momentum and at least two jets. After event selection, the observed yields are consistent with the predicted backgrounds. Leptoquark production is excluded at the 95% CL for masses mLQ<376 (319) GeV and mLQ<422 (362) GeV for first and second generation scalar leptoquarks, respectively, when assuming the branching fraction of a leptoquark to a charged lepton is equal to 1.0 (0.5).","palabras_clave":"ATLAS, CERN|HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113126,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Un análisis sobre la eficacia de la construcción de inimputabilidad en La Matanza de Lonco Luán; el poder de 'perdonar'","resumen":"El Código Penal argentino considera la prohibición normativa del uso de la violencia privada, aunque simultáneamente ofrece cierta disminución de la reprochabilidad (en términos de responsabilidad penal) a través de la atenuación de penas o inclusive la declaración de inimputabilidad, si su uso viene acompañado de cierto componente emocional intenso. El presente artículo propone analizar y evaluar dichas consideraciones como formas institucionalizadas y codificadas de perdón. Con base en una lectura crítica del expediente del caso La Matanza de Lonco Luán ? y prestando especial atención a las declaraciones de los imputados, las pericias técnicas, los alegatos de las partes y la sentencia del magistrado - se sostiene que estas formas de perdón son resultado de transcursos históricos determinados y que constituyen dispositivos altamente eficaces en el establecimiento de jerarquías sociales y en el proceso de mantenimiento del orden. La perspectiva metodológica adoptada supone el desarrollo de una lectura antropológica de la causa judicial, analizándola principalmente como ámbito de producción de sentido; que, como tal, expresa los juegos de circulación y disputa de bienes simbólicos, y refuerza a la vez la estructura de posiciones sociales.","palabras_clave":"DERECHO|VIOLENCIA|EMOCION|PODER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113127,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the WW cross section in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions with ATLAS","resumen":"This Letter presents a measurement of the $\\WW$ production cross section in$\\sqrt{s} = 7 \\TeV\\ pp$ collisions by the ATLAS experiment, using 34 $\\pbi$ ofintegrated luminosity produced by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Selectingevents with two isolated leptons, each either an electron or a muon, 8candidate events are observed with an expected background of $1.7\\pm0.6$events. The measured cross section is $41^{+20}_{-16}(\\mathrm{stat.})\\pm5(\\mathrm{syst.})\\pm 1(\\mathrm{lumi.})$ pb, which is consistent with thestandard model prediction of $44 \\pm 3$ pb calculated at next-to-leading orderin QCD.  ","palabras_clave":"W: pair production|total cross section: measured|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113128,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of Wgamma and Zgamma production in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"We present studies of W and Z bosons with associated high energy   photons produced in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The analysis uses 35   pb-1 of data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2010. The event   selection requires W and Z bosons decaying into high pT leptons   (electrons or muons) and a photon with ET&gt;15 GeV separated from the   lepton(s) by a distance Delta_R(l,gamma)&gt;0.7 in eta-phi space. A   total of 95 (97) pp-&gt;e nu gamma + X (pp-&gt;mu nu gamma + X) and 25   (23) pp-&gt;e+ e- gamma + X (pp-&gt;mu+ mu- gamma + X) event candidates   are selected. The kinematic distributions of the leptons and photons and   the production cross sections are measured. The data are found to agree   with Standard Model predictions that include next-to-leading-order   O(alpha alpha_s) contributions.","palabras_clave":"Hadron-Hadron Scattering |W: associated production | Z0: associated production|photon: final state"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113129,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Limits on the production of the Standard Model Higgs Boson in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) running at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is reported, based on a total integrated luminosity of up to 40 pb^-1 collected by the ATLAS detector in 2010. Several Higgs boson decay channels: H -> {\\gamma}{\\gamma}, H -> ZZ (*) -> llll, H -> ZZ -> ll{\\nu}{\\nu}, H -> ZZ -> llqq, H -> W W (*) -> l{\\nu}l{\\nu} and H -> W W -> l{\\nu}qq (l is e, {\\mu}) are combined in a mass range from 110 GeV to 600 GeV. The highest sensitivity is achieved in the mass range between 160 GeV and 170 GeV, where the expected 95% CL exclusion sensitivity is at Higgs boson production cross sections 2.3 times the Standard Model prediction. Upper limits on the cross section for its production are determined. Models with a fourth generation of heavy leptons and quarks with Standard Model-like couplings to the Higgs boson are also investigated and are excluded for a Higgs boson mass in the range from 140 GeV to 185 GeV.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|Higgs|Search"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113130,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the WW cross section in &#8730;s = 7 TeV pp collisions with ATLAS","resumen":"This Letter presents a measurement of the W+W- production cross section in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp  collisions by the ATLAS experiment, using 34 pb-1 of integrated luminosity produced by the Large  Hadron Collider at CERN. Selecting events with two isolated leptons, each either an electron or  a muon, 8 candidate events are observed with an expected background of 1.7 +-0.6 events. The  measured cross section is 41+20-16(stat)+-5(syst)+-1(lumi) pb, which is consistent with the standard  model prediction of 443 pb calculated at next-to-leading order in QCD","palabras_clave":"Dibosons|Standard Model|EWK|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113131,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of Wgamma and Zgamma production in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s =7 TeV with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"We present studies of W and Z bosons with associated high energy photons  produced in pp collisions at 7 TeV. The analysis uses 35 pb-11 of data collected by  the ATLAS experiment in 2010. The event selection requires W and Z bosons decaying  into high pT leptons (electrons or muons) and a photon with ET > 15 GeV separated from  the lepton(s) by a distance R> 0.7 in - eta-phi space.  The kinematic distributions of the leptons and photons and the production cross sections are measured. The data are found to agree with Standard Model predictions that include next-to-leading-order O(\u000B\u000Bs) contributions.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS, CERN|HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113132,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV","resumen":"A search for long-lived charged particles reaching the muon spectrometer is performed using a data  sample of 37 pb&#8722;1 from pp collisions at &#8730;s=7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010.  No excess is observed above the estimated background. Stable &#964;˜ sleptons are excluded at 95% CL up  to a mass of 136 GeV, in GMSB models with N5= 3, m(messenger) = 250 TeV, sign(&#956;) = 1 and tan&#946; = 5.  Electroweak production of sleptons is excluded up to a mass of 110 GeV. Gluino R-hadrons in a generic  interaction model are excluded up to masses of 530 GeV to 544 GeV depending on the fraction of Rhadrons produced as g˜-balls.","palabras_clave":"Long Lived particles|SUSY|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113133,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for new phenomena with the monojet and missing transverse momentum signature using the ATLAS detector in &#8730;s = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions","resumen":"A search for new phenomena in events featuring a high energy jet and large missing transversemomentum in proton\u2013proton collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV is presented using a dataset corresponding toan integrated luminosity of 33 pb&#8722;1 recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Thenumber of observed events is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. This result is interpreted interms of limits on a model of Large Extra Dimensions.","palabras_clave":"Monojet|Extra dimensions|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113134,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Diphoton Events with Large Missing Transverse Energy with 36 pb-1 of 7TeV Proton-Proton Collision Data with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"Making use of 36 pb^-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV, the ATLAS Collaboration has performed a search for diphoton events with large missing transverse energy. Observing no excess of events above the Standard Model prediction, a 95% Confidence Level (CL) upper limit is set on the cross section for new physics of sigma  961 GeV is set on the UED compactification radius R. These limits provide the most stringent tests of these models to date.","palabras_clave":"Diphoton|UED|GGM|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113135,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La literatura sobre las nuevas religiosidades en las clases medias urbanas. Una mirada desde Argentina","resumen":"Este trabajo se propone hacer un recorrido por la literatura sobre las nuevas religiosidades en el ámbito urbano de los sectores medios argentinos que encarnan idealmente el catolicismo de tipo carismático y la llamada Nueva Era. Esta indagación detalla dos movimientos de análisis sobre cómo religiosidad y clase media se vinculan. En primer lugar describe los trabajos que, centrados en prácticas y experiencias religiosas específicas, remiten a la clase media como una característica genérica de los participantes. Entre ellos reconoce una corriente de análisis que extiende la preocupación de la religiosidad en el horizonte más amplio de una cultura de clase específica que tiene como valores centrales la noción de individuo y la autonomía. En segundo lugar se concentra en cómo los trabajos preocupados inicialmente con la movilidad social de la clase media en relación a sus nuevos y viejos valores, analizan tangencialmente algunos fenómenos novedosos en lo que hace a las prácticas religiosas de esa población. El trabajo concluye que es necesaria una relectura comparada entre religiosidad y clase media atendiendo tanto a valores específicos y contrastivos de esos colectivos como a los procesos en que la religiosidad funciona como vehículo de diferenciación y construcción de identidades de clase.","palabras_clave":"CATOLICISMO CARISMATICO|NUEVA ERA|CLASES MEDIAS|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113136,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of dijet production with a veto on additional central jet activity in pp collisions at &#8730;s =7 TeV using the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A measurement of jet activity in the rapidity interval bounded by a dijet systemis presented. Events are vetoed if a jet with transverse momentum greater than 20 GeVis found between the two boundary jets. The fraction of dijet events that survive the jetveto is presented for boundary jets that are separated by up to six units of rapidity andwith mean transverse momentum 50 < pT < 500 GeV. The mean multiplicity of jets abovethe veto scale in the rapidity interval bounded by the dijet system is also presented as analternative method for quantifying perturbative QCD emission. The data are compared toa next-to-leading order plus parton shower prediction from the powheg-box, an all-orderresummation using the hej calculation and the pythia, herwig++ and alpgen eventgenerators. The measurement was performed using pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV using datarecorded by the ATLAS detector in 2010.","palabras_clave":"Jets|QCD|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113137,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for neutral MSSM Higgs bosons decaying to tau+ tau- pairs in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for neutral Higgs bosons decaying to pairs of &#964; leptons with the ATLAS detector at the LHCis presented. The analysis is based on proton\u2013proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV,recorded in 2010 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb&#8722;1 . After signal selection, 276events are observed in this data sample. The observed number of events is consistent with the totalexpected background of 269 ± 36 events. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are derived for theproduction cross section of a generic Higgs boson &#966; as a function of the Higgs boson mass and for A \/ H \/hproduction in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) as a function of the parameters m Aand tan &#946; .","palabras_clave":"Search|MSSM|Higgs|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113138,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Notas sobre socialidad y jerarquización en la nueva religiosidad de los sectores medios urbanos","resumen":"Este trabajo propone analizar las llamadas nuevas religiosidades entre los sectores medios urbanos, encarnados idealmente en el movimiento católico carismático y la Nueva Era, desde el punto de vista de las formas de jerarquización que colectivos específicos movilizan. Se argumenta que entender simultáneamente las formas de socialidad, es decir las relaciones situadas entre humanos\/no humanos, y las formas de producción de alteridad redunda en un mejor entendimiento de novedosos procesos de diferenciación social.","palabras_clave":"NUEVA ERA|CATOLICISMO CARISMATICO|SECTORES MEDIOS|DISTINCION SOCIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113139,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross-section in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV using 35 pb-1 of ATLAS data","resumen":"A measurement of the differential cross-section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photonsin pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy &#8730;s = 7 TeV is presented. The measurement covers thepseudorapidity ranges |&#951;| < 1.37 and 1.52  |&#951;| < 2.37 in the transverse energy range 45  ET<400 GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 35 pb&#8722;1, collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The yields of the signal photons are measured using a data-driven technique, based on the observed distribution of the hadronic energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate and the photon selection criteria. The results are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and found to be in good agreement over four orders of magnitude in cross-section.","palabras_clave":"Prompt photon|QCD|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113140,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inclusive search for same-sign dilepton signatures in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"An inclusive search is presented for new physics in events with two isolated leptons (electron or muon) having the same electric charge. The data are selected from events collected from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV by the ATLAS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 34 inverse picobarns. The spectra in dilepton invariant mass, missing transverse momentum and jet multiplicity are presented and compared to Standard Model predictions. In this event sample, no evidence is found for contributions beyond those of the Standard Model. Limits are set on the cross-section in a fiducial region for new sources of same-sign high-mass dilepton events in the di-electron, di-muon and electron-muon channels. Four models predicting same-sign dilepton signals are constrained: two descriptions of Majorana neutrinos, a cascade topology similar to supersymmetry or universal extra dimensions, and fourth generation down-type quarks. Assuming a new physics scale of 1 TeV, Majorana neutrinos produced by an effective operator V with masses below 460 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. A lower limit of 290 GeV is set at 95% confidence level on the mass of fourth generation down type quarks.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113141,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for a heavy gauge boson decaying to a charged lepton and a neutrino in 1 fb-1 of pp collisions at &#8730;s =7 TeV using the ATLAS detector","resumen":"The ATLAS detector at the LHC is used to search for high-mass states, such as heavy charged gauge bosons (W'), decaying to a charged lepton (electron or muon) and a neutrino. Results are presented based on the analysis of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.04 fb^-1. No excess beyond Standard Model expectations is observed. A W' with Sequential Standard Model couplings is excluded at the 95% confidence level for masses up to 2.15 TeV.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113142,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for dilepton resonances in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":" This Letter reports on a search for narrow high-mass resonances decaying into dilepton final states. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 1.08\/fb (1.21\/fb) in the ee (mumu) channel. No statistically significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed and upper limits are set at the 95% C.L. on the cross section times branching ratio of Z' resonances and Randall-Sundrum gravitons decaying into dileptons as a function of the resonance mass. A lower mass limit of 1.83 TeV on the Sequential Standard Model Z' boson is set. A Randall-Sundrum graviton with coupling k\/M_Pl=0.1 is excluded at 95% C.L. for masses below 1.63 TeV.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113143,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the Z to tau tau Cross Section with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"The Z to tau tau cross section is measured with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in four different final states determined by the decay modes of the tau leptons: muon-hadron, electron-hadron, electron-muon, and muon-muon. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb^-1, at a proton-proton center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. Cross sections are measured separately for each final state in fiducial regions of high detector acceptance, as well as in the full phase space, over the mass region 66 - 116 GeV. The individual cross sections are combined and the product of the total Z production cross section and Z to tau tau branching fraction is measured to be 0.97 +\/- 0.07(stat) +\/- 0.06(syst) +\/- 0.03(lumi), in agreement with NNLO calculations.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113144,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV in dilepton final states with ATLAS","resumen":"A measurement of the production cross section of top quark pairs (tt¯) in proton\u2013proton collisions at acenter-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reported.Candidate events are selected in the dilepton topology with large missing transverse energy and at leasttwo jets. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb&#8722;1, a tt¯ production crosssection &#963;tt¯ =177±20(stat.)±14(syst.)±7(lum.) pb is measured for an assumed top quark mass of mt=172.5 GeV. A second measurement requiring at least one jet identi&#64257;ed as coming from a b quark yieldsa comparable result, demonstrating that the dilepton &#64257;nal states are consistent with being accompaniedby b-quark jets. These measurements are in good agreement with Standard Model predictions","palabras_clave":"Top quark|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113145,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Performance of Missing Transverse Momentum Reconstruction in Proton-Proton Collisions at 7 TeV with ATLAS","resumen":"The measurement of missing transverse momentum in the ATLAS detector, described in this paper, makes use of the full event reconstruction and a calibration based on reconstructed physics objects. The performance of the missing transverse momentum reconstruction is evaluated using data collected in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV in 2010. Minimum bias events and events with jets of hadrons are used from data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 0.3 nb&#8722;1 and 600 nb&#8722;1 respectively, together with events containing a Z boson decaying to two leptons (electrons or muons) or a W boson decaying to a lepton (electron or muon) and a neutrino, from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 36 pb&#8722;1. An estimate of the systematic uncertainty on the missing transverse momentum scale is presented.","palabras_clave":"Missing ET|Reconstruction|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113146,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the two photon decay channel with the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the two photon decay channel is reported, using1.08 fb&#8722;1 of proton\u2013proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded by the ATLASdetector. No significant excess is observed in the investigated mass range of 110\u2013150 GeV. Upper limitson the cross-section times branching ratio of between 2.0 and 5.8 times the Standard Model predictionare derived for this mass range.","palabras_clave":"Higgs|photon|search|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113147,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the centrality dependence of the charged particle pseudorapidity distribution in lead-lead collisions at &#8730;sNN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"The ATLAS experiment at the LHC has measured the centrality dependence of charged particlepseudorapidity distributions over |&#951;| < 2 in lead\u2013lead collisions at a nucleon\u2013nucleon centre-of-massenergy of &#8730;sNN =2.76 TeV. In order to include particles with transverse momentum as low as 30 MeV,the data were recorded with the central solenoid magnet off. Charged particles were reconstructedwith two algorithms (2-point \u201Ctracklets\u201D and full tracks) using information from the pixel detectoronly. The lead\u2013lead collision centrality was characterized by the total transverse energy in the forwardcalorimeter in the range 3.2 < |&#951;| < 4.9. Measurements are presented of the per-event charged particlepseudorapidity distribution, dNch\/d&#951;, and the average charged particle multiplicity in the pseudorapidityinterval |&#951;| < 0.5 in several intervals of collision centrality. The results are compared to previous midrapidity measurements at the LHC and RHIC. The variation of the mid-rapidity charged particle yield percolliding nucleon pair with the number of participants is consistent with lower &#8730;sNN results. The shapeof the dNch\/d&#951; distribution is found to be independent of centrality within the systematic uncertaintiesof the measurement.","palabras_clave":"Heavy Ions|LHC|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113148,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS","resumen":"We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a signi&#64257;cant distance from theirproduction point into a &#64257;nal state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentummuon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV andan integrated luminosity of 33 pb&#8722;1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the LargeHadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond thestandard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetricparticles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presentedfor different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.","palabras_clave":"SUSY|RPV|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113149,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for a heavy neutral particle decaying into an electron and a muon using 1 fb-1 of ATLAS data","resumen":" A search is presented for a high mass neutral particle that decays directly to the emu final state. The data sample was recorded by the ATLAS detector in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC from March to June 2011 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.07 fb^-1. The data are found to be consistent with the Standard Model background. The high emu mass region is used to set 95% confidence level upper limits on the production of two possible new physics processes: tau sneutrinos in an R-parity violating supersymmetric model and Z'-like vector bosons in a lepton flavor violating model.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113150,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for the Higgs boson in the H&#8722;>WW&#8722;>lvjj decay channel in pp collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for a Higgs boson has been performed in the H -> WW ->lvjj channel in 1.04 fb-1 of ppcollision data at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Nosigni&#64257;cant excess of events is observed over the expected background and limits on the Higgs bosonproduction cross section are derived for a Higgs boson mass in the range 240 GeV WW production is 3.1 pb, or 2.7 times the standard model prediction.","palabras_clave":"Higgs boson|SM |ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113151,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the jet fragmentation function and transverse profile in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"The jet fragmentation function and transverse profile for jets with 25 GeV &lt; ptJet &lt; 500 GeV and etaJet&lt;1.2 produced in proton-proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV are presented. The measurement is performed using data with an integrated luminosity of 36 pb^-1. Jets are reconstructed and their momentum measured using calorimetric information. The momenta of the charged particle constituents are measured using the tracking system. The distributions corrected for detector effects are compared with various Monte Carlo event generators and generator tunes. Several of these choices show good agreement with the measured fragmentation function. None of these choices reproduce both the transverse profile and fragmentation function over the full kinematic range of the measurement.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113152,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the decay channel H -->ZZ -->4l with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the decay channel H&#8594;ZZ(&#8270;)&#8594;&#8467;+&#8467;&#8722;&#8467;&#8242;+&#8467;&#8242;&#8722;, where &#8467;=e,&#956;&#8467;=e,&#956;, is presented. Proton\u2013proton collision data at s=7&nbsp;TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector and corresponding to an average integrated luminosity of 2.1&nbsp;fb&#8722;12.1&nbsp;fb&#8722;1 are compared to the Standard Model expectations. Upper limits on the production cross section of a Standard Model Higgs boson with a mass between 110 and 600&nbsp;GeV600&nbsp;GeV are derived. The observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit on the production cross section for a Higgs boson with a mass of 194 GeV, the region with the best expected sensitivity for this search, is 0.99 (1.01) times the Standard Model prediction. The Standard Model Higgs boson is excluded at 95% confidence level in the mass ranges 191\u2013197, 199\u2013200 and 214\u2013224 GeV.","palabras_clave":"HIGGS|ATLAS|LHC|leptons"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113153,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for supersymmetry in final states with jets, missing transverse momentum and one isolated lepton in sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp collisions using 1 fb&#8722;1 of ATLAS data","resumen":"We present an update of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum, and one isolated electron or muon, using 1.04&#8201;&#8201;fb-1 of proton-proton collision data at &#8730;s=7&#8201;&#8201;TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in the first half of 2011. The analysis is carried out in four distinct signal regions with either three or four jets and variations on the (missing) transverse momentum cuts, resulting in optimized limits for various supersymmetry models. No excess above the standard model background expectation is observed. Limits are set on the visible cross section of new physics within the kinematic requirements of the search. The results are interpreted as limits on the parameters of the minimal supergravity framework, limits on cross sections of simplified models with specific squark and gluino decay modes, and limits on parameters of a model with bilinear R-parity violation.","palabras_clave":"SUSY|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113154,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum using &#8730;s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"Results are presented of a search for any particle(s) decaying to six or more jets in association with missing transverse momentum. The search is performed using 1.34 fb^-1 of sqrt(s)=7 TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector during 2011. Data-driven techniques are used to determine the backgrounds in kinematic regions that require at least six, seven or eight jets, well beyond the multiplicities required in previous analyses. No evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of a supersymmetry model (MSUGRA\/CMSSM) where they extend previous constraints.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113155,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electron performance measurements with the ATLAS detector using the 2010 LHC proton-proton collision data","resumen":"Detailed measurements of the electron performance of the ATLAS detector at the LHC are reported, using decays of the Z, W and J\/&#968; particles. Data collected in 2010 at s&#8730;=7~TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of almost 40 pb&#8722;1. The inter-alignment of the inner detector and the electromagnetic calorimeter, the determination of the electron energy scale and resolution, and the performance in terms of response uniformity and linearity are discussed. The electron identification, reconstruction and trigger efficiencies, as well as the charge misidentification probability, are also presented.","palabras_clave":"Electron|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113156,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Searches for supersymmetry with the ATLAS detector using final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in &#8730;s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions","resumen":"Results of three searches are presented for the production of supersymmetric particles decaying into &#64257;nalstates with missing transverse momentum and exactly two isolated leptons, e or &#956;. The analysis uses adata sample collected during the &#64257;rst half of 2011 that corresponds to a total integrated luminosity of1 fb&#8722;1 of &#8730;s = 7 TeV proton\u2013proton collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large HadronCollider. Opposite-sign and same-sign dilepton events are separately studied, with no deviations fromthe Standard Model expectation observed. Additionally, in opposite-sign events, a search is made for anexcess of same-&#64258;avour over different-&#64258;avour lepton pairs. Effective production cross sections in excess of9.9 fb for opposite-sign events containing supersymmetric particles with missing transverse momentumgreater than 250 GeV are excluded at 95% CL. For same-sign events containing supersymmetric particleswith missing transverse momentum greater than 100 GeV, effective production cross sections in excessof 14.8 fb are excluded at 95% CL. The latter limit is interpreted in a simpli&#64257;ed electroweak gauginoproduction model excluding chargino masses up to 200 GeV, under the assumption that slepton decay isdominant.","palabras_clave":"SUSY|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113157,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A study of the material in the ATLAS inner detector using secondary hadronic interactions","resumen":"The ATLAS inner detector is used to reconstruct secondary vertices due to hadronic interactions of primary collision products, so probing the location and amount of material in the inner region of ATLAS. Data collected in 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, with a minimum bias trigger, are used for comparisons with simulated events. The reconstructed secondary vertices have spatial resolutions ranging from ~ 200&#956;m to 1 mm. The overall material description in the simulation is validated to within an experimental uncertainty of about 7%. This will lead to a better understanding of the reconstruction of various objects such as tracks, leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113158,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for strong gravity signatures in same-sign dimuon final states using the ATLAS detector at the LHC","resumen":"A search for microscopic black holes has been performed in a same-sign dimuon &#64257;nal state using 1.3 fb&#8722;1of proton\u2013proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeVat the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The data are found to be consistent with the expectation from theStandard Model and the results are used to derive exclusion contours in the context of a low scale gravitymodel.","palabras_clave":"Black Holes|Gravity models|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113159,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Diphoton Events with Large Missing Transverse Momentum in 1 fb^-1 of 7 TeV Proton-Proton Collision Data with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"A search for diphoton events with large missing transverse momentum has been performed using1.07 fb&#8722;1 of proton\u2013proton collision data at &#8730;s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. No excessof events was observed above the Standard Model prediction and 95% Con&#64257;dence Level (CL) upper limitsare set on the production cross section for new physics. The limits depend on each model parameterspace and vary as follows: &#963; < (22\u2013129) fb in the context of a generalised model of gauge-mediatedsupersymmetry breaking (GGM) with a bino-like lightest neutralino, &#963; < (27\u201391) fb in the context of aminimal model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (SPS8), and &#963; < (15\u201327) fb in the context ofa speci&#64257;c model with one universal extra dimension (UED). A 95% CL lower limit of 805 GeV, for binomasses above 50 GeV, is set on the GGM gluino mass. Lower limits of 145 TeV and 1.23 TeV are set onthe SPS8 breaking scale &#923; and on the UED compacti&#64257;cation scale 1\/R, respectively. These limits providethe most stringent tests of these models to date.","palabras_clave":"SUSY|Extra dimensions|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113160,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the WZ production cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"This Letter presents a measurement of W±Z production in 1.02 fb&#8722;1 of pp collision data at &#8730;s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2011. Doubly leptonic decay events are selected with electrons, muons and missing transverse momentum in the &#64257;nal state. In total 71 candidates are observed, with a background expectation of 12.1 ± 1.4(stat.)+4.1&#8722;2.0(syst.) events. The total cross section for W±Z production for Z\/&#947;&#8727; masses within the range 66 GeV to 116 GeV is determined to be &#963;totWZ = 20.5+3.1&#8722;2.8(stat.)+1.4&#8722;1.3(syst.)+0.9&#8722;0.8(lumi.) pb, which is consistent with the Standard Model expectationof 17.3+1.3-0.8pb. Limits on anomalous triple gauge boson couplings are extracted.","palabras_clave":"W boson|Z boson|anomalous couplings|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113161,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Extra Dimensions using diphoton events in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"Using data recorded in 2011 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, a search for evidenceof extra spatial dimensions has been performed through an analysis of the diphoton &#64257;nal state. Theanalysis uses data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.12 fb&#8722;1 of &#8730;s = 7 TeV proton\u2013proton collisions. The diphoton invariant mass (m&#947; &#947; ) spectrum is observed to be in good agreementwith the expected Standard Model background. In the large extra dimension scenario of Arkani-Hamed,Dimopoulos and Dvali, the results provide 95% CL lower limits on the fundamental Planck scale between2.27 and 3.53 TeV, depending on the number of extra dimensions and the theoretical formalism used.The results also set 95% CL lower limits on the lightest Randall\u2013Sundrum graviton mass of between 0.79and 1.85 TeV, for values of the dimensionless coupling k\/MPl varying from 0.01 to 0.1. Combining withpreviously published ATLAS results from the dielectron and dimuon &#64257;nal states, the 95% CL lower limiton the Randall\u2013Sundrum graviton mass for k\/MPl =0.01 (0.1) is 0.80 (1.95) TeV.","palabras_clave":"Extra dimensions|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113162,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Observation of a new &#967;b state in radiative transitions to &#933;(1S) and &#933;(2S) at ATLAS","resumen":"The &#967;b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at &#8730;s=7&#8201;&#8201;TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4&#8201;&#8201;fb-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to &#933;(1S,2S) with &#933;&#8594;&#956;+&#956;-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes &#967;b(1P,2P)&#8594;&#933;(1S)&#947;, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530±0.005(stat)±0.009(syst)&#8201;&#8201;GeV is also observed, in both the &#933;(1S)&#947; and &#933;(2S)&#947; decay modes. This structure is interpreted as the &#967;b(3P) system.","palabras_clave":"Quarkonium|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113163,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Resistive switching effects on the spatial distribution of phases in metal-complex oxide interfaces","resumen":"In order to determine the key parameters that control the resistive switching mechanism in metal-complex oxidesinterfaces, we have studied the electrical properties of metal \/ YBa2Cu3O7 ¡ ± (YBCO) interfaces using metals with di®erent oxidation energy and work function (Au, Pt, Ag) deposited by sputtering on the surface of a YBCOceramic sample. By analyzing the IV characteristics of the contact interfaces and the temperature dependence oftheir resistance, we inferred that ion migration may generate or cancel conducting ¯laments, which modify theresistance near the interface, in accordance with the predictions of a recent model.with di®erent oxidation energy and work function (Au, Pt, Ag) deposited by sputtering on the surface of a YBCOceramic sample. By analyzing the IV characteristics of the contact interfaces and the temperature dependence oftheir resistance, we inferred that ion migration may generate or cancel conducting ¯laments, which modify theresistance near the interface, in accordance with the predictions of a recent model.2Cu3O7 ¡ ± (YBCO) interfaces using metals with di®erent oxidation energy and work function (Au, Pt, Ag) deposited by sputtering on the surface of a YBCOceramic sample. By analyzing the IV characteristics of the contact interfaces and the temperature dependence oftheir resistance, we inferred that ion migration may generate or cancel conducting ¯laments, which modify theresistance near the interface, in accordance with the predictions of a recent model.","palabras_clave":"conmutación resistiva|memoria|superconductividad|granularidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113164,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A novel method for the synthesis of (1,8-Dioxo-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-1H-xanthen-9-yl)-acetic acids on solid phase","resumen":"We report the first solid-phase synthesis of 1,8- dioxo-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-1H-xanthen-9-yl)-acetic acids via a tandem Michael-Michael-Cyclization with propiolic acid as Michael acceptor-resin and cyclohexanediones.","palabras_clave":"polycycles|tándem reactions |Michael Additions|solid-phase synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113165,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the Upsilon(1S) Production Cross-Section in pp Collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV in ATLAS","resumen":"A measurement of the cross-section for &#933;(1S)&#8594;&#956;+&#956;&#8722; production in proton\u2013proton collisions at centreof mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The cross-section is measured as a function of the &#933; (1S) transversemomentum in two bins of rapidity, |y &#933;(1S)|  4 GeV and pseudorapidity |&#951;(&#956;)| < 2.5 in order toreduce theoretical uncertainties on the acceptance, which depend on the poorly known polarisation. Theresults are based on an integrated luminosity of 1.13 pb&#8722;1, collected with the ATLAS detector at theLarge Hadron Collider. The cross-section measurement is compared to theoretical predictions: it agreesto within a factor of two with a prediction based on the NRQCD model including colour-singlet andcolour-octet matrix elements as implemented in Pythia while it disagrees by up to a factor of ten withthe next-to-leading order prediction based on the colour-singlet model.","palabras_clave":"Upsilon(1S)|NRQCD|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113166,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for Diphoton Events with Large Missing Transverse Energy with 36 pb&#8722;1 of 7 TeV Proton-Proton Collision Data with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"Making use of 36 pb^-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt{s} = 7   TeV, the ATLAS Collaboration has performed a search for diphoton events   with large missing transverse energy. Observing no excess of events   above the Standard Model prediction, a 95% Confidence Level (CL) upper   limit is set on the cross section for new physics of sigma &lt; 0.38 -   0.65 pb in the context of a generalised model of gauge mediated   supersymmetry breaking (GGM) with a bino-like lightest neutralino, and   of sigma &lt; 0.18 - 0.23 pb in the context of a specific model with one   universal extra dimension (UED). A 95 % CL lower limit of 560 GeV, for   bino masses above 50 GeV, is set on the GGM gluino mass, while a lower   limit of 1\/R &gt; 961 GeV is set on the UED compactification radius R.   These limits provide the most stringent tests of these models to date.","palabras_clave":"Diphoton+MET|ATLAS|Search|LHC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113167,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the transverse momentum distribution of Z\/gamma* bosons in proton-proton collisions at &#8730;s =7 TeV with the ATLAS detector","resumen":"A measurement of the Z\/gamma* transverse momentum (p_T^Z)) distribution in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV is presented using Z\/gamma*-&gt;e+e- and Z\/gamma*-&gt;mu+mu- decays collected with the ATLAS detector in data sets with integrated luminosities of 35 pb^-1 and 40 pb^-1, respectively. The normalized differential cross sections are measured separately for electron and muon decay channels as well as for their combination up to p_T^Z of 350 GeV for invariant dilepton masses 66 GeV&lt;m_ll&lt;116 GeV. The measurement is compared to predictions of perturbative QCD and various event generators. The prediction of resummed QCD combined with fixed order perturbative QCD is found to be in good agreement with the data.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS|LHC|ALTAS|ENERGIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113168,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for squarks and gluinos using final states with jets and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in $\\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV proton-proton collisions","resumen":"A search for squarks and gluinos in events containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no electrons or muons is presented. The data were recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed in 1.04 fb^-1 of data. Gluino and squark masses below 700 GeV and 875 GeV respectively are excluded at the 95% confidence level in simplified models containing only squarks of the first two generations, a gluino octet and a massless neutralino. The exclusion limit increases to 1075 GeV for squarks and gluinos of equal mass. In MSUGRA\/CMSSM models with tan(beta)=10, A_0=0 and mu&gt; 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 950 GeV. These limits extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous measurements.","palabras_clave":"squark|gluinos|ATLAS|jets:met"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113169,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for stable hadronising squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC","resumen":"Hitherto unobserved long-lived massive particles with electric and\/orcolour charge are predicted by a range of theories which extend theStandard Model. In this Letter a search is performed at the ATLASexperiment for slow-moving charged particles produced in proton?protoncollisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy at the LHC, using a data-setcorresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb&#8722;1. Nodeviations from Standard Model expectations are found. This result isinterpreted in a framework of supersymmetry models in which colouredsparticles can hadronise into long-lived bound hadronic states, termed R-hadrons, and 95% CL limits are set on the production cross-sections of squarks and gluinos. The influence of R-hadroninteractions in matter was studied using a number of different models,and lower mass limits for stable sbottoms and stops are found to be 294and 309 GeV respectively. The lower mass limit for a stable gluino liesin the range from 562 to 586 GeV depending on the model assumed. Eachof these constraints is the most stringent to date.","palabras_clave":"SUPERSYMMETRY|LONG-LIVED|R-HADRON|LIMIT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113170,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the Inelastic Proton-Proton Cross-Section at &#8730;s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS Detector","resumen":"The dependence of the rate of proton?proton interactions on the centre-of-mass collision energy, &#8730;s,is of fundamental importance for both hadron collider physics andparticle astrophysics. The dependence cannot yet be calculated fromfirst principles; therefore, experimental measurements are needed. Herewe present the first measurement of the inelastic proton?protoninteraction cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy, &#8730;s, of 7TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events areselected by requiring hits on scintillation counters mounted in theforward region of the detector. An inelastic cross-section of 60.3±2.1mb is measured for &#958;&gt;5×10&#8722;6, where &#958; is calculated from the invariant mass, MX,of hadrons selected using the largest rapidity gap in the event. Fordiffractive events, this corresponds to requiring at least one of thedissociation masses to be larger than 15.7 GeV.","palabras_clave":"INELASTIC|PROTON-PROTON|CROSS-SECTIOn|ATLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113171,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surface Phase Behavior and Domain Topography of Ascorbyl Palmitate Monolayers","resumen":"Ascorbyl palmitate (ASC16) is a molecule of potential pharmacological interest due to its &nbsp;antioxidant properties and amphiphilic nature. The surface behavior of ASC16 was studied using Langmuir monolayers and Brewster angle microscopy. This molecule formed stable monolayers at room temperatura that showed phase transition from a liquid-expanded to liquid-condensed or crystalline phase, depending on the subphase conditions. Using a theoretical approach, we were able to explain the behavior of the ASC16 film at different bulk pH values and salt conditions based on the surface pH and the dissociation fraction of the film. Both condensed phases corresponded to highly packed conditions with the crystalline phase occurring at a low charge density, showing molecular tilting and preferential growth at characteristic angles, while the liquid-condensed phase formed in highly charged surfaces revealed small flowerlike domains probably as a consequence of internal dipole repulsion. A smaller perpendicular dipole moment was observed for the crystalline tan the liquid-condensed phase which may explain the domain features. In conclusion, ASC16 showed a complex surface behavior that was highly sensitive to subphase conditions.","palabras_clave":"ASCORBYL PALMITATE|SURFACE BEHABIOR|LANGMUIR MONOLAYERS|BREWSTER ANGLE MICROSCOPY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113172,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La sobreexpresión de RAC3 es una señal transformante y proliferativa que contribuye al desarrollo tumoral","resumen":"RAC3 fue caracterizado originalmente como un coactivador de receptores nucleares que se encuentra en cantidades limitantes en células normales, aunque sobreexpresado en tumores y es además coactivador de NF-&#954;B. si bien se desconocen los mecanismos involucrados en el aumento de su expresión, se sabe que induce resistencia a apoptosis. En este trabajo se investigó si podría contribuir al desarrollo tumoral por otros mecanismos y si la citoquina TNF-&#945;, que se encuentra en alto título en pacientes con cáncer, podría favorecer el aumento en la expresión de rAC3. se observó que el aumento en la expresión de coactivador por transfección de células no tumorales de riñón embrionario humano HEK293 no solo aumenta significativamente la proliferación en presencia de suero, sino además en ausencia de factores de crecimiento. también se indujo la transformación celular dando un fenotipo con crecimiento independiente de anclaje similar a lo observado para células tumorales. El tratamiento de las células HEK293 en cultivo con &#945; indujo un aumento en los niveles proteicos de rAC3 respecto de las células sin estímulo y este efecto fue inhibido por pretratamiento con un inhibidor específico de la activación de NF-&#954;B, indicando que la activación de este factor de transcripción está involucrada en la acción de la citoquina. se concluye que rAC3, además de su acción anti-apoptótica, es un factor transformante que promueve la proliferación y el crecimiento independiente de anclaje, cuyos niveles podrían ser aumentados en la tumorigénesis, probablemente vía las citoquinas inflamatorias involucradas en la respuesta anti-tumoral.de células no tumorales de riñón embrionario humano HEK293 no solo aumenta significativamente la proliferación en presencia de suero, sino además en ausencia de factores de crecimiento. también se indujo la transformación celular dando un fenotipo con crecimiento independiente de anclaje similar a lo observado para células tumorales. El tratamiento de las células HEK293 en cultivo con &#945; indujo un aumento en los niveles proteicos de rAC3 respecto de las células sin estímulo y este efecto fue inhibido por pretratamiento con un inhibidor específico de la activación de NF-&#954;B, indicando que la activación de este factor de transcripción está involucrada en la acción de la citoquina. se concluye que rAC3, además de su acción anti-apoptótica, es un factor transformante que promueve la proliferación y el crecimiento independiente de anclaje, cuyos niveles podrían ser aumentados en la tumorigénesis, probablemente vía las citoquinas inflamatorias involucradas en la respuesta anti-tumoral.","palabras_clave":"RAC3|NF-kB|desarrollo tumoral|apoptosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113173,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nuclear factor (NF)-kB controls expression of the immunoregulatory glycan-binding protein galectin-1","resumen":"The inflammatory response is a self-limiting process which involves the sequential activation of signaling pathways leading to the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an endogenous lectin found in peripheral lymphoid organs and inflammatory sites, elicits a broad spectrum of biological functions predominantly by acting as a potent anti-inflammatory factor and as a suppressive agent for T-cell responses. However, the molecular pathways underlying Gal-1 expression and function remain poorly understood. Here we identified a regulatory loop linking Gal-1 expression and function to NF-&#954;B activation. NF-&#954;B-activating stimuli increased Gal-1 expression on T cells, an effect which could be selectively prevented by inhibitors of NF-&#954;B signaling. Accordingly, transient transfection of the p65 subunit of NF-&#954;B was sufficient to induce high Gal-1 expression. Using in silico studies and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis we have identified a functional NF-&#954;B binding site within the first intron of the LGALS1 gene. In addition, our results show that exogenous Gal-1 can attenuate NF-&#954;B activation, as shown by inhibition of I&#954;B-&#945; degradation induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli, higher cytoplasmic retention of p65, lower NF-&#954;B DNA binding activity and impaired transcriptional activation of target genes. The present study suggest a novel regulatory loop by which NF-&#954;B induces expression of Gal-1, which in turn may lead to negative control of NF-&#954;B signaling.","palabras_clave":"Galectin-1|NF-&#954;B|T cells|Inflammation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113174,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Significant factors selection in the chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues by a genetic algorithm analysis and comparison with the standard Plackett-Burman methodology","resumen":"A comparisonbetween the classic Plackett\u2013Burman design (PB) ANOVA analysis and a geneticalgorithm (GA) approach to identify significant factors have been carried out. Thiscomparison was made by applying both analyses to data obtained from theexperimental results when optimizing both chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis ofthree lignocellulosic feedstocks (corn and wheat bran, and pine sawdust) by a PBexperimental design.Depending on thekind of biomass and the hydrolysis being considered, different results wereobtained.Interestingly,some interactions were found to be significant by the GA approach and allowedto identify significant factors, that otherwise, based only in the classic PBanalysis, would have not been taken into account in a further optimizationstep. Improvements in the fitting of c.a. 80% were obtained when comparing thecoefficient of determination (R2) computed for both methods.","palabras_clave":"GENETIC ALGORITHM|PLACKETT\u2013BURMAN DESIGN|HYDROLYSIS|CARBOHYDRATES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113175,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Steroid 21-hydroxylase gene mutational spectrum: genotype-phenotype correlation in 454 argentinean patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia","resumen":"&nbsp;Ver texto completo","palabras_clave":"Steroid|21-hydroxylase |genotype|phenotype"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113176,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Activation of c-Src\/HER1\/STAT5b and HER1\/ERK1\/2 signaling pathways and cell migration by hexachlorobenzene in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line","resumen":"                                     Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a widespread environmental pollutant. It is a dioxin-like compound, and a weak ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) protein. HCB is a tumor co-carcinogen in rat mammary gland and an inducer of cell proliferation and c-Src kinase activity, in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This study was carried out to investigate HCB action on c-Src and the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1) activities, and their downstream signaling pathways, Akt, ERK1\/2 and STAT5b, as well as on cell migration in a human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. We also investigated whether the AhR is involved in HCB-induced effects. We have demonstrated that HCB (0.05 µM) produces an early increase of Y416-c-Src, Y845-HER1, Y699-STAT5b and ERK1\/2 phosphorylation. Moreover, our results have shown that the pesticide (15 min) activates these pathways in a dose dependent manner (0.005, 0.05, 0.5 and 5µM). In contrast, HCB does not alter T308-Akt activation. Pretreatment with a specific inhibitor for c-Src (PP2) prevents Y845-HER1 and Y699-STAT5b phosphorylation. AG1478, a specific HER1 inhibitor, abrogates HCB-induced STAT5b and ERK1\/2 activation, whereas, 4, 7-orthophenanthroline and á-naphthoflavone, two AhR antagonists, prevent HCB-induced STAT5b and ERK1\/2 phosphorylation. HCB enhances cell migration evaluated by scratch motility, and transwell assays. Pretreatment with PP2, AG1478, and 4,7-orthophenanthroline, suppress HCB-induced cell migration. These results demonstrate that HCB stimulates c-Src\/HER1\/STAT5b and HER1\/ERK1\/2 signaling pathways, in MDA-MB-231. c-Src, HER1 and AhR, are involved in HCB-induced increase in cell migration. The present study makes a significant contribution to the molecular mechanism of action of HCB, in mammary carcinogenesis.                                                                         KEY WORDS: Hexachlorobenzene, MDA-MB-231, cell migration, AhR, c-Src, HER1.                               ","palabras_clave":"HEXACLOROBENCENO|MIGRACIÓN|c-Src|HER-1|AhR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113177,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Object-oriented programming strategies for numerical solvers applied to continuous simulation","resumen":"The study of problems and inconveniences appearing in the object-oriented (OO) implementation of continuous simulation systems based in differential-algebraic equations (DAE) is presented. It was found that the numerical treatment of the equations is crucial to find a design compatible with OO programming practices, which lead naturally to implicit schemes. The family of Backward Differential Formulas (BDF) was found particularly appropriate to achieve high levels of software flexibility and reusability. A series of numerical studies were carried out comparing numerical performances with software quality metrics. It was found that BDF implementations improve substantially the software quality, although the computer costs also increase significatively, which ultimately calls for pondering the importance of each software characteristic (i.e. modifiability-extensibility vs. calculation time). The equilibrium of this balance is determined by the size of the problem to solve. A utility function is proposed, which can be used to determine the optimum choice.","palabras_clave":"Object Oriented|Simulation|Differential Equations|Modeling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113178,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sets or frequencies: how to help people solve conditional probability problems","resumen":"Since the 1970s, the Heuristics and Biases Program in Cognitive Psychology has shown that people do not reason correctly about conditional probability problems. In the 1990s, however, evolutionary psychologists&nbsp; discovered&nbsp; that&nbsp; if&nbsp; the&nbsp; same&nbsp; problems&nbsp; are&nbsp; presented&nbsp; in&nbsp; a&nbsp; different&nbsp; way,&nbsp; people\u2019s&nbsp; performance greatly improves. Two explanations have been offered to account for this facilitation effect: the natural frequency hypothesis and the nested-set hypothesis. The empirical evidence on this debate is mixed. We review the literature pointing out some methodological issues that we take into account in our own present experiments. We interpret our results as suggesting that when the mentioned methodological problems are tackled, the evidence seems to favour the natural frequency hypothesis and to go against the nested-set hypothesis.","palabras_clave":"Cognición|Razonamiento humano|Probabilidades condicionales|Psicología experimental"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113179,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sublethal effects of ultraviolet radiation on crab larvae of Cyrtograpsus altimanus","resumen":"Ultraviolet radiation (UVR, 280?400 nm) is known to be lethal to several aquatic species; however, more subtle, ?sublethal? effects of UVR have recently received more attention. Larvae of the crab Cyrtograpsus altimanus are a transient component of the plankton community in the Atlantic northern Patagonia (Argentina) and thus they may be exposed to solar UVR in both open and coastal waters. The aim of this study was to determine if previous sublethal UVR exposure on larvae of C. altimanus affects development, body size and motility. Larvae which were pre-exposed to UVR had a delay\/absence of molting from Zoea I to Zoea II, coupled to arrested body growth, but showed enhanced swimming behavior. In contrast, the control group (i.e., exposed only to visible light) molted from Zoea I to Zoea II after 6?9 days, with a significant increase in body size, and did not change their motility. Since hatching of this species occurs in summer (i.e., season with highest UVR levels) our results suggest that, by significantly affecting development, growth and motility, natural UVR may influence the plankton?benthos coupling in coastal waters.              ","palabras_clave":"DEVELOPMENT|LARVAE|MOLTING|SWIMMING BEHAVIOR|ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113180,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photosynthetic responses of Emiliania huxleyi to UV radiation and elevated temperature: roles of calcified coccoliths","resumen":"Changes in calcification of coccolithophores may affect their photosynthetic responses to both, ultraviolet radiation (UVR, 280\u2013400 nm) and temperature. We operated semi-continuous cultures of Emiliania huxleyi (strain CS-369) at reduced (0.1 mM, LCa) and ambient (10 mM, HCa) Ca2+ concentrations and, after 148 generations, we exposed cells to six radiation treatments (&gt;280, &gt;295, &gt;305, &gt;320, &gt;350 and &gt;395 nm by using Schott filters) and two temperatures (20 and 25 C) to examine photosynthesis and calcification responses. Overall, our study demonstrated that: (1) decreased calcification resulted in a down regulation of photoprotective mechanisms (i.e., as estimated via non-photochemical quenching, NPQ), pigments contents and photosynthetic carbon fixation; (2) calcification (C) and photosynthesis (P) (as well as their ratio) have different responsesrelated to UVR with cells grown under the high Ca2+ concentration being more resistant to UVR than those grown under the low Ca2+ level; (3) elevated temperature increased photosynthesis and calcification of E. huxleyi grown at high Ca2+ concentrations whereas decreased both processes in low Ca2+ grown cells. Therefore, a decrease in calcification rates in E. huxleyi is expected to decrease photosynthesis rates, resulting in a negative feedback that further reducescalcification.","palabras_clave":"CLIMATE CHANGE|OCEAN ACIDIFICATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113181,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Plankton dynamics and photosynthesis responses in a eutrophic lake in Patagonia (Argentina): influence of grazer abundance and UVR","resumen":"Natural plankton populations from the eutrophic lake Cacique Chiquichano in Patagonia (Argentina) were monitored during one year to evaluate the changes in photosynthetic parameters of phytoplankton as a result of ultraviolet radiation (UVR, 280-400 nm) exposure, grazer abundance and taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton community. Variables, both physical (temperature, solar radiation) and biological (grazers, taxonomic composition, photosynthetic parameters) fluctuated throughout the study. Crustacean zooplankton showed alternated dominance between a cladoceran (Daphnia spinulata) and a copepod (Metacyclops mendocinus). Accordingly, phytoplankton community varied throughout the year, with cyanobacteria and diatoms alternating in their dominance. In addition, while copepods abundance was not significantly related to changes in phytoplankton, the presence of D. spinulata significantly gave place to clear water periods during which diatoms dominated. On the other hand, during periods of reduced penetration of solar radiation into the water column, cyanobacteria dominated the phytoplankton assemblage. Photosynthetic inhibition due to UVR decreased during the diatom dominated periods. In contrast, inhibition increased with increasing proportion of cyanobacteria, likely as a result of acclimation to low irradiances during the \u2019low transparency\u2018 phase of the lake. Moreover, D. spinulata presence was associated with increased penetration of solar radiation and thus indirectly increased the inhibition of cyanobacteria photosynthesis. Our results suggest that both solar radiation and grazing abundance have a strong influence in shaping and conditioning phytoplankton dynamics and photosynthetic responses in Lake Cacique Chiquichano. ","palabras_clave":"Zooplankton|UVR|Phytoplankton|Photoinhibition|Cyanobacteria|Shallow lakes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113182,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of temperature and UVR on photosynthesis and morphology of four species of cyanobacteria","resumen":"During the late austral spring of 2009 we carried out experiments (four days of duration) with four cyanobacteria species, Anabaena sp., Nostoc sp., Arthrospira platensis and Microcystis sp., to assess the combined effects of temperature and solar radiation on photosynthesis performance and morphology. Two experimental temperatures (18 ºC and 23 ºC, simulating a 5ºC increase under a scenario of climate change) and three radiation treatments (by using different filters \/ materials) were implemented: i) P (PAR, 400-700 nm), ii) PA (PAR+UV-A, 320-700 nm) and, iii) PAB (PAR+UV-A+UV-B, 280-700 nm). In general, samples under the P treatment had less decrease \/ higher recovery rates of effective photochemical quantum yield (Y) than those receiving UV-A or UV-A+ UV-B. The effects of increased temperature were species-specific: At the end of the experiments, it was seen that increased temperature benefited photosynthetic performance of Anabaena sp. and Nostoc sp. but not of Microcystis sp. and A. platensis. Higher temperature was also associated to an increase in the chain area of Anabaena sp., and to bigger trichomes in A. platensis; however, no morphological effects were observed in Microcystis sp. In addition, in Nostoc sp. the increase in temperature counteracted the UVR impact on the reduction of the chain area. How these effects and mechanisms will affect the trophodynamics and production of aquatic ecosystems is still uncertain, but the specificity of the responses suggests that not all cyanobacteria would be equally benefited by temperature increases therefore affecting the balance and interaction among species in the water column.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"CYANOBACTERIA|CLIMATE CHANGE|UVR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113183,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reproductive cycle of the Sea cucumber Psolus patagonicus Ekman 1925, off Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"The reproductive cycle of Psolus patagonicus Ekman 1925 was studied. The species exhibits an annual reproductive cycle with one reproductive period in austral summer (February\u2013March). During spring and summer, females showed the highest gonad-index (GI) values, while the GI values of males did not vary significantly throughout the year. Males had higher GI values than females. Maximum oocyte diameters ranged from less than 300 mm in spring to 900 mm in summer. In February, there is an increase in phytoplankton bloom for the bottom community in which P. patagonicus inhabits. The annual range in water temperature is small (6\u20137ºC). Spawning coincided with increase in available food rather than the increase in water temperature.","palabras_clave":"REPRODUCTION|PSOLUS|HOLOTHUROIDEA|ECHINODERMATA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113184,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation of a Aspergillus niger lipase from a solid culture medium with aqueous two-phase systems","resumen":"The aim of this work is to find the best conditions to isolate lipase from a solid culture medium of Aspergillus niger NRRL3 strains using aqueous two-phase systems formed with polyethylene glycol and potassium phosphate or polyethylene glycol and sodium citrate. We studied the partitioning of a commercial lyophilizate from A. niger. Also, the lipase enzymatic activity was studied in all the phases of the systems and the results indicate that citrate anion increases lipase activity. An analysis by fluorescence spectroscopy of the interaction between lipase and the bottom and top phases of the systems shows that the protein tryptophan-environments are modified by the presence of PEG and salts. Separation of the enzyme from the rest of the proteins that make up the lyophilized was achieved with good yield and separation factor by ATPS formed by PEG 1000\/Pi at pH 7, PEG 2000\/Ci at pH 5.2 and PEG 4000\/Ci at pH 5.2. The above mentioned systems were used in order to isolate extracellular lipase from a strain of A. niger in submerged culture and solid culture. The best system for solid culture, with high purification factor (30.50), is the PEG 4000\/Ci at pH 5.2. The enzyme was produced in a solid culture medium whose production is simple and recovered in a phase poor in polymer, bottom phase. An additional advantage is that the citrate produces less pollution than the phosphate. This methodology could be used as a first step for the isolation of the extracellular lipase from A. niger.","palabras_clave":"LIPASE|PARTITION|AQUEOUS TWO PHASE SYSTEMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113185,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic Diversity of cry Gene Sequences of Bacillus thuringiensis Strains Analyzed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis","resumen":"PCR has been widely used to identify cry-type genes, to determine their distribution, to detect new such genes and to predict insecticidal activities. We describe here a molecular approach to analyze the genetic diversity of B. thuringiensis cry-like genes based on denaturing gradient gel&nbsp;electrophoresis (DGGE). This analysis demonstrated that different B. thuringiensis isolates can be distinguished according to its PCR-DGGE profile of cry-like genes. Identification of the&nbsp;resolvable DNA fragments was easy to accomplish by DNA sequencing, which was confirmed in this work. Importantly, the strategy allowed the identification of unknown B. thuringiensis cry-like sequences present in a single strain that remained cryptic after PCR analysis using degenerate primers. The method developed in this work contributes to the availability of molecular techniques for both B. thuringiensis strains and cry-like genes identification and discovery.","palabras_clave":"Bacillus thuringiensis|cry genes,|Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis|diversity|electrophoretic profile"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113186,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of the piezoelectric behaviour produced by a thick-film transducer using digital speckle pattern interferometry","resumen":"This paper presents an interferometric measurement of the out-of-plane deflections produced by a piezoelectric transducer, manufactured by thick-film deposition of a ceramic paste over an alumina substrate, when is subjected to a DC electric voltage. It is shown that a digital speckle pattern interferometer with an incorporated phase-shifting facility allows the measurement of nanometer displacements generated by the piezoelectric device. These measurements are used to evaluate the effective piezoelectric charge constant along the polarization direction (d33)eff that characterizes the thick-film transducer.","palabras_clave":"DSPI|PIEZOELECTRIC|THICK-FILMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113187,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tire-breeding mosquitoes of public health importance along an urbanisation gradient in Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"Used vehicle tires are a source of mosquito vectors and a means of their introduction and expansion. With the aim of assessing the effects of urbanisation on the main mosquito vectors in temperate Argentina, the infestation levels of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex pipiens L. were studied in used tires from highly urbanised cities to low-urbanised small towns in Buenos Aires. Immatures of both species accounted for 96% of the 9,722 individuals collected; the total individuals collected represented seven species. The percentage of water-filled tires containing mosquitoes [container index (CI)] was 33% and the percentage of infested sites [site index (SI)] was 65.2%. These indexes decreased significantly from low to high urbanisation levels for both mosquito species. The relative abundance (RA) of Ae. aegypti immatures was slightly higher toward large cities, but showed no difference for Cx. pipiens. The CI of shaded tires was significantly higher than the CI of exposed tires for both mosquito species. There was no difference in RA values between shaded and sunlit tires. The CI and the SI were highest during the summer across the urbanisationlevels, except for Cx. pipiens, which continued to increase during the autumn in small towns. Results related to urbanisation gradient, sunlit exposure and seasonality are discussed.","palabras_clave":"Aedes aegypti|Culex pipiens|used tires|urbanisation level"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113188,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Specificity of Transmembrane Protein Palmitoylation in Yeast","resumen":"Many proteins are modified after their synthesis, by the addition of a lipid molecule to one or more cysteine residues,through a thioester bond. This modification is called S-acylation, and more commonly palmitoylation. This reaction is carriedout by a family of enzymes, called palmitoyltransferases (PATs), characterized by the presence of a conserved 50-aminoacids domain called \u2018\u2018Asp-His-His-Cys- Cysteine Rich Domain\u2019\u2019 (DHHC-CRD). There are 7 members of this family in theyeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and each of these proteins is thought to be responsible for the palmitoylation of a subset ofsubstrates. Substrate specificity of PATs, however, is not yet fully understood. Several yeast PATs seem to have overlappingspecificity, and it has been proposed that the machinery responsible for palmitoylating peripheral membrane proteins inmammalian cells, lacks specificity altogether. Here we investigate the specificity of transmembrane protein palmitoylationin S. cerevisiae, which is carried out predominantly by two PATs, Swf1 and Pfa4. We show that palmitoylation oftransmembrane substrates requires dedicated PATs, since other yeast PATs are mostly unable to perform Swf1 or Pfa4functions, even when overexpressed. Furthermore, we find that Swf1 is highly specific for its substrates, as it is unable tosubstitute for other PATs. To identify where Swf1 specificity lies, we carried out a bioinformatics survey to identify aminoacids responsible for the determination of specificity or Specificity Determination Positions (SDPs) and showedexperimentally, that mutation of the two best SDP candidates, A145 and K148, results in complete and partial loss offunction, respectively. These residues are located within the conserved catalytic DHHC domain suggesting that it could alsobe involved in the determination of specificity. Finally, we show that modifying the position of the cysteines in Tlg1, a Swf1substrate, results in lack of palmitoylation, as expected for a highly specific enzymatic reaction.","palabras_clave":"S-acylation|Specificity|Palmitoyltransferases|Yeast"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113189,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multiple mating in Anastrepha fraterculus females and its relationship with fecundity and fertility","resumen":"The occurrence of female remating has been widely reported in insects and the frequency at which it occurs and the factors driving females\u2019 remating behavior have been shown to be both species specific and variable within species. Herein, we studied the remating behavior of females from a well established laboratory colony and a wild population of the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), under laboratory conditions. Latency to first mating (number of days from the onset of the experiment until the first copula) was shorter for remating females than for females that did not remate. Two-day fecundity was higher for females that did remate than for monogamous females. Egg hatch was sustained after remating and was not affected by the number of times the female mated. However, when females willing to remate were prevented from doing so, percent egg hatch showed a significant drop. These results and the fact that remating occurred more often in more fecund females than in less fecund ones suggest that remating may be a response to sperm depletion. Remating frequency was similar in laboratory and wild flies, but 2-day fecundity was higher for laboratory than for wild females of similar mating status. Also, the length of the refractory period (time between first and second copulation) was longer for wild than for laboratory females. Differences between strains could be the result of artificial selection. Results are discussed from a theoretical and applied perspective in the context of direct benefits to females.","palabras_clave":"REMATING INHIBITION|REFRACTORY PERIOD|DIRECT BENEFITS|SPERM DEPLETION|SOUTH AMERICAN FRUIT FLY|DIPTERA|TEPHRITIDAE|SIT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113190,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of male nutrition on sperm storage and remating behavior in wild and laboratory Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) females","resumen":"Male physiological condition can affect his ability to modulate female sexual receptivity. Thus, studyingthis aspect can have biological and practical implications. Here, we examine how male nutritional statusaffected the amount of sperm stored, remating rate and refractory period of the tephritid fruit fly Anastrephafraterculus (Wiedemann) females. Both wild and laboratory flies were evaluated. We also examinefemale sperm storage patterns. Experiments were carried out by manipulating male adult diet and exposingthese males to virgin females. Females mated with differently treated males were either dissected tocount the amount of sperm stored or exposed to virgin males to determine remating rate and the lengthof the refractory period. We found that male nutritional status affected the amount of the sperm storedand the renewal of sexual receptivity in wild flies. For laboratory flies, male nutritional status affected thelength of the refractory period but not the amount of sperm stored by females. In addition, we report thatthe ventral receptacle is not an important organ of sperm storage in this species. We conclude that malenutritional condition influences the ability to modulate female sexual receptivity, possibly through acombination of the quantity and quality of the ejaculate. From an applied perspective, providing maleswith an enriched diet will likely result in increased efficacy of the sterile insect techniqueAnastrephafraterculus (Wiedemann) females. Both wild and laboratory flies were evaluated. We also examinefemale sperm storage patterns. Experiments were carried out by manipulating male adult diet and exposingthese males to virgin females. Females mated with differently treated males were either dissected tocount the amount of sperm stored or exposed to virgin males to determine remating rate and the lengthof the refractory period. We found that male nutritional status affected the amount of the sperm storedand the renewal of sexual receptivity in wild flies. For laboratory flies, male nutritional status affected thelength of the refractory period but not the amount of sperm stored by females. In addition, we report thatthe ventral receptacle is not an important organ of sperm storage in this species. We conclude that malenutritional condition influences the ability to modulate female sexual receptivity, possibly through acombination of the quantity and quality of the ejaculate. From an applied perspective, providing maleswith an enriched diet will likely result in increased efficacy of the sterile insect technique(Wiedemann) females. Both wild and laboratory flies were evaluated. We also examinefemale sperm storage patterns. Experiments were carried out by manipulating male adult diet and exposingthese males to virgin females. Females mated with differently treated males were either dissected tocount the amount of sperm stored or exposed to virgin males to determine remating rate and the lengthof the refractory period. We found that male nutritional status affected the amount of the sperm storedand the renewal of sexual receptivity in wild flies. For laboratory flies, male nutritional status affected thelength of the refractory period but not the amount of sperm stored by females. In addition, we report thatthe ventral receptacle is not an important organ of sperm storage in this species. We conclude that malenutritional condition influences the ability to modulate female sexual receptivity, possibly through acombination of the quantity and quality of the ejaculate. From an applied perspective, providing maleswith an enriched diet will likely result in increased efficacy of the sterile insect technique","palabras_clave":"DIET|SPERM STORAGE|REMATING|REFRACTORY PERIOD|TEPHRITIDAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113191,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Heat supply and hydrogen yield in an ethanol micro-reformer","resumen":"A simulation study of a microreactor for steam reforming of ethanol (ESR) over a washcoated Pd catalyst is reported in the present manuscript. Both co- and counter-current configurations are considered for the streams of reactants and flue gas trough microchannels of square section. Two contiguous channels, assumed as representative of the whole reactor behavior, are simulated using a 1D pseudo-homogeneous model. The microreactor performance is analyzed for different heat-supply strategies and channel sizes. The results demonstrate that the ESR in the microreactor is strongly controlled by the heat supply. The hydrogen yield has a marked dependence on the total amount of heat transferred from the flue gas to the reformate and the axial distribution of the heat flow. The co-current flow configuration proved to yield the higher performance. While smaller channels work better for co-current operation, an optimum compromise value is found for the channel size in counter-current flow.","palabras_clave":"HYDROGEN|MICRO-REFORMER|ETHANOL|HEAT-SUPPLY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113192,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On the behavior of the N+-operator under blocker duality","resumen":"In this work we consider the Lovász and Schrijver N+-rank (Lovász and Schrijver, 1991) [12] of set covering polytopes. In particular, we prove that given any positive integer number k there is a 0, 1 matrix for which the N+-rank of its set covering polyhedron and the N+-rank of the set covering polyhedron of its blocker differ by at least k. This shows the contrast between the behavior of the N+ procedure and the disjunctive procedure observed in Aguilera et&nbsp;al. (2002) [2].","palabras_clave":"Circulant matrices|Blocker duality;|Lift-and-project operators"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113193,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Microfósiles calcáreos no marinos y semillas de la Formación Piedra Clavada (Albiano) en su área tipo, Provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina","resumen":"Se describen e ilustran por primera vez microfósiles calcáreos no marinos  (ostrácodos y carofitas) y semillas de angiospermas primitivas asignadas a Carpolithus sp. de la Formación Piedra Clavada (Albiano temprano a Albiano tardío bajo) en su área tipo en la localidad Quebrada Don Nielsen, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina. La microfauna sugiere un ambiente de albufera pantanosa. Se establecen afinidades con asociaciones microfaunísticas del Cretácico Inferior de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge.","palabras_clave":"OSTRÁCODOS|CAROFITAS|SEMILLAS|ALBIANO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113194,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Across-arc variation of the Famatinian magmatic arc (NW Argentina) exemplified by I-, S and transitional I\/S-type Early Ordovician granitoids of the Sierra de Velasco","resumen":"The Early Ordovician granitoids of the Sierra de Velasco reflect the across-arc compositional variation of the Famatinian magmatic arc (NW Argentina) developed along the proto-Andean margin of western Gondwana. This variation is characterized by means of field, petrographical, geochemical and isotopic studies. The Sierra de Velasco contains three main types of Early Ordovician granitoids that are mineralogically and geochemically distinct, but generally conform a continuous high-K, magnesian and calcalkalic magmatic series. I-type granitoids (IG) make up the southern part of the range. They are biotite-hornblende-titanite metaluminous to weakly peraluminous granodiorites and tonalites typical of a coastal I-type belt and were possibly formed by melting of mafic lower crust\/lithospheric mantle, with minor assimilation of crustal metasediments. S-type granitoids (SG) crop out in the central and northern portions of the range. They are biotite-muscovite and biotite-cordierite strongly peraluminous syeno- andmonzogranites representative of an inland S-type belt and were possibly formed by large-scaleanatexis of metasedimentary crust and hybridization with more mafic lower crustal melts. Between the IG and SG, in the central parts of the range, transitional I\/S-type granitoids (TG) are recognized that consist of biotite, biotite-muscovite and subordinate biotite-titanite-allanite-epidote moderately peraluminous monzogranites, granodiorites and tonalites. The TG show intermediate characteristics and were possibly generated by less common mechanisms of mixing between I-type and S-type magmas and\/or their parent mafic lower crustal and metasedimentary melts. The transition from IG to TG to SG towards the continental interior reflects a compositional continuum related to a progressive variation in the degrees of mixing between mafic and metasedimentary end-members.","palabras_clave":"I-TYPE GRANITOIDS|S-TYPE GRANITOIDS|TRANSITIONAL I\/S-TYPE GRANITOIDS|GRANITOID GENESIS|FAMATINIAN MAGMATIC ARC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113195,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biological characterization of two Bacillus thuringiensis strains toxic against Spodoptera frugiperda","resumen":"Two Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from diseased Spodoptera frugiperda larvae collected in the northwest of Argentina were molecularly and phenotypically characterized. Insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae was also determined. Both strains were highly toxic against first instar larvae. One strain (Bacillus thuringiensis LSM) was found to be even more toxic than the reference strain Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 4D1. This strong biological effect was represented by both a higher mortality which reached 90%, and a shorter LT50. Molecular characterization showed that Bacillus thuringiensis LSM carried a cry gene profile identical to that of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 4D1. Evaluation of length polymorphism of the intergenic transcribed spacers between the 16S and 23S rDNA genes revealed an identical pattern between native strains and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 4D1. In contrast, phenotypic characterization allowed differentiation among the isolates by means of their extracellular esterase profiles. Lytic activity that would contribute to Bacillus thuringiensis effectiveness was also studied in both strains. Analyses like those presented in the current study are essential to identify the most toxic strains and to allow the exploitation of local biodiversity for its application in biological control programmes.Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from diseased Spodoptera frugiperda larvae collected in the northwest of Argentina were molecularly and phenotypically characterized. Insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae was also determined. Both strains were highly toxic against first instar larvae. One strain (Bacillus thuringiensis LSM) was found to be even more toxic than the reference strain Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 4D1. This strong biological effect was represented by both a higher mortality which reached 90%, and a shorter LT50. Molecular characterization showed that Bacillus thuringiensis LSM carried a cry gene profile identical to that of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 4D1. Evaluation of length polymorphism of the intergenic transcribed spacers between the 16S and 23S rDNA genes revealed an identical pattern between native strains and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 4D1. In contrast, phenotypic characterization allowed differentiation among the isolates by means of their extracellular esterase profiles. Lytic activity that would contribute to Bacillus thuringiensis effectiveness was also studied in both strains. Analyses like those presented in the current study are essential to identify the most toxic strains and to allow the exploitation of local biodiversity for its application in biological control programmes.","palabras_clave":"BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS|PHENOTIPIC PROPERTIES|SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA|BIOLOGICAL CONTROL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113196,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ADAKITE-LIKE SIGNATURE IN VOLCANIC ROCKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ORO DEL SUR Au \u2013 (Cu) EPITHERMAL DEPOSIT, SOUTHERN PRECORDILLERA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"The Oro del Sur deposit is located in the southern part of the Precordillera of MendozaProvince, Argentina (32º30\u2019S, 69º5\u2019W) within the flat-slab subduction segment. It is a Cu-(Mo)porphyry type system with associated high sulfidation Au-(Cu) epithermal veins genetically linkedto Miocene volcanic rocks which show geochemical characteristics (particularly low Y and low Ybvalues and high Sr\/Y and La\/Yb ratios) that indicate an adakite-like signature, and a Sr-Nd isotopiccomposition that suggests involvement of a depleted mantle source in their genesis. The age of thisadakitic magmatism (~19 Ma) suggests a change in the geochemical signature of the magmatismlinked to the onset of flattening of the subduction zone. The adakite-like signature of the Miocenevolcanism of the Oro del Sur ore deposit supports a genetic relationship between adakitic magmatism,mineralization and slab shallowing in this part of the Andes.","palabras_clave":"High sulfidation|Epithermal|Oro del Sur deposit|Miocene magmatism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113197,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Modelo metalogenético del yacimiento de uranio Las Termas, Fiambalá, Catamarca, Argentina","resumen":"El yacimiento de uranio Las Termas, ubicado en la provincia geológica de Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina, se aloja en basamento precámbrico  en las proximidades del contacto con el granito Los Ratones, de edad carbonífera. Este yacimiento fue originalmente vinculado a la  greisenización asociada a la actividad magmática granítica. Sin embargo, las edades U\/Pb (113,6 Ma y 51,4 Ma) recientemente obtenidas  para uraninita (variedad ?pechblenda?) y la relación espacial de la mineralización con el volcanismo alcalino asociado al rifting cretácico  que tuvo lugar en el área, permiten plantear un nuevo modelo genético alternativo en dos etapas. Durante la primera habría tenido lugar  la lixiviación del uranio del granito por acción de la greisenización carbonífera. En la segunda etapa se habría desarrollado un sistema  hidrotermal por acción del magmatismo asociado al rifting cretácico, el cual habría concentrado la mineralización dando origen a este  yacimiento.","palabras_clave":"greisenización carbonífera|modelo metalogenético,|rifting cretácico,|Sierras Pampeanas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113198,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Territorios digitales: el camino a la sociedad de la innovacion. El caso de San Luis, Argentina","resumen":"El artículo describe los resultados de una investigación de campo que estudia los alcances del programa San Luis Digital en Argentina, originado por el Gobierno provincial y en el que los Municipios de la Provincia han participado activamente. Se hace foco sobre los procesos de innovación social basados en la utilización de tecnología de información y comunicación (TIC) promovidos por el Gobierno Provincial a través de acuerdos con otros actores sociales. La metodología utilizada para la investigación fue principalmente la de meta research, es decir la integración de modelos, teorías, datos e información provenientes de diversas fuentes locales e internacionales, validados con aportes de relevamientos de campo realizados ad-hoc en la Provincia de San Luis, por la Dirección de Estadística y Censos Provincial. Los alcances e impactos se estudiaron en 10 municipios de la Provincia, por medio de de 108 entrevistas a responsables, participantes y beneficiarios de San Luis Digital: responsables de los programas, empresarios, proveedores, intendentes, directores de escuelas, docentes, miembros de organizaciones comunitarias, docentes universitarios, alumnos, usuarios de Ciber AUI, Centros de inclusión Digital, etc., e instituciones o entidades participantes o&nbsp; receptores de los programas de San Luis Digital. ","palabras_clave":"INNOVACION|ESTUDIOS MUNICIPALES|SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACION|POLITICAS PUBLICAS REGIONALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113199,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modulation Strategy to Operate the Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter Under Soft-Switching in the Whole Operating Range","resumen":"A new modulation strategy that allows operating thedual active bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter under soft-switching inthe whole operating range is proposed. This strategy is ruled byimposing a certain modulation index in one of the two bridges anda phase-shift between the transformer primary and secondaryvoltages. Moreover, the proposed algorithm reduces the reactivepower and thus reducing the converter conduction losses. Anexperimental prototype was implemented and some experimentalresults are presented to validate the theoretical analysis. Theexperimental results reveal that the overall efficiency of theDAB topology can be improved up to 20% by implementing theproposed modulation strategy instead of the conventional one.","palabras_clave":"DC-DC CONVERTERS|DUAL ACTIVE BRIDGE CONVERTER|SOFT-SWITCHING|MODULATION STRATEGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113200,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Arginase-dependent suppression by CpG-ODN plus IFA-induced splenic myeloid CD11b(+)Gr1(+) cells","resumen":"The ability of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cytosine guanine motifs (CpG-ODN) to induce both stimulatoryand counter-regulatory responses offers novel opportunities for using these molecules as immunomodulatory agents in differenttherapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated the potential of CpG-ODN to activate the arginase (ARG) enzyme in vivo and focused onthe consequences of this activation in T-cell proliferation. Challenging mice subcutaneously with CpG-ODN emulsified in incompleteFreund?s adjuvant (IFA) induced ARG and reduced T-cell proliferation associated with CD3f chain downregulation. Interestingly,impaired T-cell expansion correlated with elevated levels of CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells localized near T-cell areas in the spleen.In addition, purified CD11b+ cells obtained from the spleen of CpG-ODN+IFA-treated mice exhibited increased ARG activity andARG I expression along with an augmented [3H]-L-arginine uptake. CD11b+ myeloid cells significantly suppressed T-cell proliferationand CD3f chain expression induced by a polyclonal stimulus. Furthermore, these effects could be recovered by the addition ofexcess L-arginine or by treatment of CD11b+ cells with a specific ARG inhibitor. This study provides a novel evidence that CpGODN+IFA are able to induce splenic CD11b+ cells with ARG activity, with this population being responsible for the impaired T-cellproliferation observed after the treatment with CpG-ODN+IFA. These results underscore a key role of CpG-ODN on ARG activityin vivo and add support to the growing body of evidence in favor of a counter-regulatory role for CpG-ODN in an immune response.","palabras_clave":"CpG|myeloid suppressor cell|arginase"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113201,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EFFECT OF THE ACTIVATION ATMOSPHERE ON THE ACTIVITY OF Fe CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON SBA-15 IN THE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS","resumen":"An iron catalyst supported on SBA-15 was prepared and activated in H2 stream and in synthesis gas(H2:CO = 2:1) stream, in order to be used in the Fischer\u2013Tropsch Synthesis. The different activation treatmentsled to different Fe species in fresh catalysts: a-Fe, Fe3O4 and Fe2+ diffused into the SBA-15 walls inH2-Fe\/SBA-15 and v-Fe5C2, Fe3O4 and Fe2+ in H2:CO\u2013Fe\/SBA-15. These initial differences in the \u2018\u2018bulk\u2019\u2019structure of the solids disappear when both catalysts are \u2018\u2018working\u2019\u2019. However, a higher production oftotal hydrocarbons, higher CO conversion and more CH4 and light gases were obtained for H2-Fe\/SBA-15 over 6 days. Besides, a higher selectivity toward light olefins was obtained with H2-Fe\/SBA-15 duringthe first 24 h on reaction stream, but this selectivity decreases with the reaction time. These results areexplained considering that the iron carbides produced from a-Fe are more active and\/or have smallersizes than that obtained from a-Fe2O3.","palabras_clave":"FischerTropsch Synthesis|Fe\/SBA-15|Activation atmosphere|M&#246;ssbauer spectroscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113202,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Loading channels of SiO2 mesoporous matrices with Fe oxides'","resumen":"After embedding hematite nanowires (15 wt% Fe) into a MCM-41 hard template, we have explored alternative routes to induce the structural transformations that lead from hematite to maghemite and magnetite embedded nanowires. The impregnation media (ethanol or water) and the calcination atmosphere (air and NO\/He) on the hematite nanowires production play a significant role at the time of reducing and re-oxidizing the embedded hematite nanoparticles. The solids were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The results indicate that the effect of the solvent on the structural properties of the iron species is more important than the calcination atmosphere. The best conditions for iron magnetic nanowires not to get outside of the MCM-41 channels over the treatments are reached using water as the solvent and air as the calcination atmosphere. When ethanol is the solvent used over the preparation step, the end iron oxides are in the form of nanotubes spread out on the amorphous silica walls of the matrix.","palabras_clave":"Mesoporous materials|MCM-41|embedded nanowires synthesis|Mössbauer Spectroscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113203,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ROLE OF CeO2 IN Rh\/&#945;-Al2O3 CATALYSTS FOR CO2 REFORMING OF METHANE","resumen":"Abstract The Rh\/a-Al2O3 catalyst was modified by CeO2in order to improve the thermal stability and the carbondeposition resistance during the CO2 reforming of methaneThe carbon formation was determined by TPO, TEM andRaman spectroscopy. Characterization results showed thatthe incorporation of Ce in the support inhibits the carbondeposition, increasing the useful life and the stability of theRh base catalysts.","palabras_clave":"RH CATALYST |DRY REFORMING METHANE|CARBON DEACTIVATION|CEO2-A-AL2O3"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113204,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF COBALT CONTENT IN OBTAINING OLEFINS AND PARAFFINS USING THE FISCHER-TROPSCH REACTION","resumen":"a b s t r a c tThis workpresentsthesynthesis,characterizationandtestingofcatalystsfortheFischer-Tropschreac-tion. MolecularsieveMCM-41waspreparedunderhydrothermaltreatmentat150 &#9702;C for2days,usingthe followingmolarcompositionofreagents:1SiO2:0.27 CTABr:0.19TMAOH:40H2O. Obtainingthemesoporous molecularsieve,Si-MCM-41,wasconfirmedbyX-raydiffraction.Thedepositionofcobalton MCM-41supportwascarriedoutbywetimpregnation,usinganaqueoussolutionofcobaltnitrate.The imagesobtainedfromTEMclearlyshowedagooddispersionofthecobaltonthesupport(MCM-41).The texturalcharacteristicsofthesampleswereinvestigatedbyisothermalgasadsorption\/desorption.Using theBJHmethod,itwaspossibletoobtainthevaluesoftheaverageporediameteronadsorptionand desorption.TheobtainedcatalystscontainingdifferentcobaltconcentrationswereevaluatedfortheFischer-Tropsch reaction.Increasingthetemperatureincreasestheselectivitytoolefinswiththe15wt.%Co\/MCM-41 catalyst,aswellasincreasestheselectivitytomethanewiththe5wt.%Co\/MCM-41catalyst.","palabras_clave":"Catalysis|MCM-41|Cobalt|Fischer-Tropsch"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113205,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Use of biomarkers in resident organisms as a tool for environmental monitoring in a cold coastal system, Tierra del Fuego Island","resumen":"Antioxidant status of Nacella (P) magellanica and Mytilus edulis related with heavy metal in sediment and tissues were analysed in five stations close to Ushuaia city in winter and spring. The principal component analysis produced a two-dimensional pattern of the degree of similarity between sites. The Industrial? Urban Contamination Index (IUCI) showed that the Industrial Zone (IZ) and Oil Marine Station (OMS) represent areas with anthropic inputs. Heavy metals have differential association with biomarkers depending on the species. In limpets, digestive gland presented major activities of enzyme defence in winter and gonads have shownhigher values of Catalase (CAT) during spring while lipid peroxidation (LPO) presented higher values in IZ. For mussels CAT and LPO increased in spring time. For superoxide dismutase (SOD) peaks have been detected in IZ andNWstations for winter. Differences in biomarker responses due to seasons did not influence the grouping of the sites into references and contaminated groups.","palabras_clave":"MITYLUS EDULIS|NACELLA MAGELLANICA|HEAVY METALS|BIOMARKERS|OXIDATIVE STRESS|INTERTIDAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113206,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Natural and anthropogenic heavy metals in estuarine cohesive sediments: geochemistry and bioavailability","resumen":"The geochemistry, mineralogy and grain size distribution of several estuarine sediment samples from potentially man-influenced areas and zones without such influence were analyzed to determine the natural heavy metal content in order to evaluate the man-originated impact into the Bahía Blanca estuarine environment. The total heavy metal contents were under the established hazardous levels in all the analyzed samples. Nevertheless, those potentially man-influenced areas (harbors, industries, cities) show highest, total concentration values as well as percentages of bioavailable fractions, which would evidence a low and not extensive anthropogenic input into the environment. The relative high proportion in which Cd, Pb and Cr appear as bioavailable compounds at some sites not-influenced by human activities, suggest the existence of a natural source of these elements. This could be attributed to the weathering of naturally occurring volcanic minerals, indicating that a special care should be taken when sediment monitoring in relation to anthropogenic activity are carried out within this estuarine environment.                                                   ","palabras_clave":"Marine geochemistry|estuarine sediments|heavy metals|natural and anthropogenic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113207,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assessment of land influence on a high latitude marine coastal system: Tierra del Fuego, southernmost Argentina","resumen":"The study deals with the determination of physico-chemical parameters,inorganic nutrients, particulate organic matter, and photosynthetic pigments on a monthly basis during an annual cycle from nine sampling sites of the coastal zone of a high-latitude ecosystem (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina). Nitrites and phosphates concentrations were similar to other systems of the south Atlantic coast (median, 0.30 and 1.02 µM, respectively), while nitrates were higher in all sampling periods (median, 45.37 µM), and silicates were significantly smaller (median, 7.76 µM). Chlorophyll a and phaeopigments have shown median values of 0.38 and 0.85 mg m &#8722; 3, respectively, while saturated values of dissolved oxygen were recorded throughout the study. The analysis reflected that nutrient enrichment seems to be linked to an anthropogenic source, the presence of peatlands areas, and a sink of Nothofagus pumilio woods. The area could be characterized in three zones related to (1) high urban influence, (2) natural inputs of freshwater, and (3) mixed inputs coming from moderate urban impacts.","palabras_clave":"Tierra del Fuego|Nutrientes inorganicos|materia organica|calidad de aguas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113208,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Metales pesados en el riñón del delfín franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei (Cetacea: Pontoporiidae) y su relación con parámetros biológicos","resumen":"En este estudio se determinó los niveles de metales pesados (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr y Ni) en el tejido renal del delfín franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei, y se estableció la influencia de los parámetros ecológicos y biológicos sobre la bioacumulación de estos elementos. Se analizaron muestras de 38 ejemplares colectados entre 2004 y 2010 en el sur de Buenos Aires, Argentina. La edad de los animales y el estado de madurez sexual se determinaron por métodos histológicos, y los niveles de metales pesados por Espectrofotometría de Absorción Atómica. No se determinaron diferencias significativas para las concentraciones de Zn, Cu y Cd entre ambos sexos. Los niveles de Cd presentaron diferencias según el estado  de madurez sexual y se relacionaron positivamente con la longitud, peso corporal y edad. Los niveles de Cd,Cu y Zn resultaron menores a los informados en estudios previos realizados en el norte de Buenos Aires y  Uruguay.","palabras_clave":"Contaminacion marina|Delfin del Plata|metales pesados|distribucion tisular"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113209,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Universal deformation formulas and braided module algebras","resumen":"We study formal deformations of a crossed product S(V)#f G, of a polynomial algebra with a group, induced from a universal deformation formula introduced by Witherspoon. These deformations arise from braided actions of Hopf algebras generated by automorphisms and skew derivations. We show that they are non-trivial in the characteristic free context, even if G is infinite, by showing that their infinitesimals are not coboundaries. For this we construct a new complex which computes the Hochschild cohomology of S(V)#f G.","palabras_clave":"CROSSED PRODUCTS|DEFORMATIONS|HOCHSCHILD COHOMOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113210,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cohomology ring of differential operator rings","resumen":"We compute the multiplicative structure in the Hochschild cohomology ring of a differential operators ring and the cap product of Hochschild cohomology on the Hochschild homology.","palabras_clave":"Differential operator rings|Hochschild (co)homology|Cup product|Cap product"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113211,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A formal representation of the anodic  voltammetric  response of polyaniline","resumen":"It is presented a formal representation of the oxidation of Polyaniline (Pani) films that allows fitting the experimental voltammetric current potential response of Pani modified electrodes. The model includes interactions between the redoxcenters and takes into account both the faradaic and the capacitive current contributions to the total voltammetric response. Although the separation of both contributions is not possible by just voltammetric techniques, the present formalism allows completely characterizing the voltammetric anodic behavior of conducting polymers. Its suitability is proved to represent the current potential response of Pani films of different thickness in H2SO4 solutions","palabras_clave":"Conducting polymers|Polyaniline|Voltammetric response"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113212,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Materiales nanoestructurados. Síntesis, caracterización y aplicaciones","resumen":"En este trabajo de revisión presentamos un conjunto de investigaciones correspondiente al proyecto ?Materiales nanoestructurados: Síntesis, caracterización con luz sincrotrón, propiedades y aplicaciones?, realizado en colaboración entre grupos del Centro de Investigaciones en Sólidos - CINSO, CONICET-CITEDEF, Argentina y del Laboratorio de Cristalografía - LCr, Instituto Física, Universidad de San Pablo, Brasil. Los sistemas estudiados son nanomateriales compuestos por soluciones sólidas con base ZrO2 de alta conducción iónica o mixta (iónica y electrónica) y materiales semiconductores con propiedades especiales. Se describen los métodos de síntesis de estos nanomateriales y se presentan sus caracterizaciones estructurales utilizando principalmente técnicas de radiación sincrotrón. Se consideran algunos fenómenos particularmente interesantes, tales como la retención a temperatura ambiente de diferentes fases metaestables de soluciones sólidas nanocristalinas a base de ZrO2 y los cambios de estructura y de propiedades físicas de esas soluciones al variar el tamaño medio de cristalita. Finalmente, se describen y analizan algunas aplicaciones originales de los nanomateriales estudiados, tales como los desarrollos de (i) celdas de combustible cerámicas conocidas como ?celdas de combustible de óxido sólido? (SOFCs) operables a temperaturas intermedias y (ii) dispositivos sensores de gases.","palabras_clave":"materiales nanoestructurados"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113214,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"USING WEB QUALITY MODELS AND A STRATEGY FOR PURPOSE-ORIENTED EVALUATIONS","resumen":"Web applications and their quality evaluation has been the subject of abundant research. However,instantiated models have been used mostly for the purpose of understanding, rather than improving. In this  paper, we propose utilizing a quality modeling framework together with a non-intrusive evaluation strategy to instantiate quality models with the specific purpose of not only to model and understand a Web  application in-use, but also to improve it. Starting with a quality modeling framework, our approach instantiates models for both quality in use and external quality, resulting in a requirements tree for both  followed by evaluation and then combined with a mechanism to develop relationships between them.  Interpreting these relationships viz. ?depends on?, and ?influences?, in alignment with the ISO 25010 quality life cycle model, is the basis for continuous improvement. This is illustrated with a case study  showing the underlying strategy from model instantiation to application improvement.","palabras_clave":"QUALITY MODELS|EVALUATION STRATEGY|SIQINU STRATEGY|QUALITY IN USE|ACTUAL USABILITY|EXTERNAL QUALITY|IMPROVEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113215,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"MONITOREO Y SIMULACIÓN TÉRMICA ENERGÉTICA DE VERANO DE UNA VIVIENDA EN CONDICIONES REALES DE USO EN CLIMA TEMPLADO CÁLIDO","resumen":"Se exponen los resultados de la evaluación térmico-energética estival, de una vivienda social desarrollada por el CEVE en Villa Allende (Córdoba), en clima templado cálido seco. Se proponen estrategias de mejoramiento contemplando los hábitos de uso de sus ocupantes. El proceso consistió en una aproximación por medio de la simulación, mediciones de las calidades ambientales internas y externas en reales condiciones de uso, entrevistas a los ocupantes y calibración del modelo para evaluación de estrategias de mejoramiento. Los resultados muestran que los locales no alcanzan las condiciones higrotérmicas de confort, encontrándose la mayor parte del tiempo fuera de la zona de confort, con una temperatura media interior de 27,8ºC (exterior 25,3ºC). Los principales problemas encontrados fueron las elevadas ganancias de calor por un pobre desempeño higrotérmico y falta de protección solar en la envolvente, e inadecuada ventilación por parte del usuario. Como solución se evalúa la ventilación nocturna, logrando una reducción promedio de la temperatura interior de 1,4ºC en el   comedor y de 2,4ºC en los dormitorios.","palabras_clave":"Vivienda social|Monitoreo higrotérmico|Simulación termoenergética|Confort"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113216,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ESQUISENCEFALIA EN PERROS: COMUNICACIÓN DE 3 CASOS","resumen":"Se presentan 3 casos correspondientes a caninos hembras, raza retriever labrador, dobermann pinscher e indefinida, con síndromes epillépticos caracterizados por convulsiones refractarias al tratamiento antiepiléptico y un deterioro cerebral progresivo. Los estudios por imágenes realizados mediante resonancia magnético demostraron la presencia de lesiones cavitarias extendidas desde la zona pial adherida a la corteza hasta el ventrículo, uniendo la piamadre y el epéndimo ventricular, ocupadas por LCR. En base al los hallazgos imagenológicos se estableció el diagnóstico de esquisencefalia de labios abiertos (tipo I). Uno de los casos se trató en forma quirúrgica, mediante una derivación ventrículoperitoneal, con resultados muy satisfactorios.En nuestro conocimiento, esta es una de las primeras comunicaciones de esquisencefalia en medicina veterinaria.","palabras_clave":"esquisencefalia|síndrome epiléptico|perros|derivación ventrículoperitoneal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113217,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DESEMPEÑO TÉRMICO-ENERGÉTICO DE UN PROTOTIPO DEMOSTRATIVO DE VIVIENDA DE INTERÉS SOCIAL EN CÓRDOBA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"El CEVE propone la  transferencia de un sistema de producción de viviendas sociales, el cual prevé la   ejecución de un prototipo experimental en tierras aportadas por la Municipalidad de Córdoba. Se exponen los resultados   obtenidos de la simulación de su comportamiento térmico-energético según distintas orientaciones, en un clima templado   cálido seco. La evaluación térmica y el cálculo de la demanda energética se realizaron con el programa Ecotect. Los efectos   de los puentes térmicos en la envolvente se estudiaron con la herramienta Therm 5.2. Los resultados muestran que los locales   no alcanzan las condiciones higrotérmicas de confort. En el invierno, las temperaturas medias interiores oscilan entre los 5 y   6ºC (media exterior 4,6ºC). La situación de disconfort se intensifica si la fachada principal se orienta al Sur. En el verano las   temperaturas medias interiores rondan los 28ºC (media exterior 29,8ºC). Los principales problemas encontrados fueron las   altas renovaciones de aire en los locales y un pobre desempeño higrotérmico de la envolvente edilicia. El trabajo permitirá   evaluar propuestas de refuncionalización energética con bajo sobrecosto de inversión para la implementación en futuros   emprendimientos habitacionales de interés social.","palabras_clave":"Vivienda social|Simulación térmica-energética|Comportamiento energético"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113218,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CARACTERISTICAS CLINICAS Y RESPUESTA AL TRATAMIENTO DE PERROS CON EPILEPSIA IDIOPATIA: 326 CASOS.","resumen":"Se analizaron las características de la epilepsia idiopática (EI) en 326 perros, en lo que se refiere a las manifestaciones clínicas y a las características inherentes a la terapia antiepiléptica. La edad de presentación fue entre los 6 meses y los 10 años (promedio 3,5), y los perros más afectados fueron de raza indefinida (28%), Caniche (8%), Cocker spaniel inglés (8%), Labrador (8%) y Beagle (5%). De los perros estudiados, 251 (77%) presentaron como único signo clínico convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas (TCG); 24 perros (7%), crisis sicomotoras (parciales complejas); y 24 perros (7%), crisis parciales simples. Otros signos clínicos observados fueron convulsiones TCG secundariamente generalizadas, signos autonómicos, alteraciones del comportamiento y combinaciones de los signos mencionados.De acuerdo a la frecuencia de las crisis, se trataron 249 perros con distintas drogas antiepilépticas (DAE). En el 91% se pudo realizar el seguimiento durante todas las etapas de su tratamiento. El fenobarbital (FB) se utilizó como DAE inicial en 224 perros, el gabapentin (GP) en 17 y el bromuro de potasio (BR) en 6. La efectividad fue similar para los 3 fármacos (65%, 65% y 67% respectivamente). De los perros refractarios al FB (35%) tratados con BR y GP como DAE complementarias, el 15% y el 35% respectivamente también resultaron refractarios a estos fármacos. En los perros refractarios al GP (35%), la combinación con BR o FB controló las crisis aceptablemente en todos los animales. En los perros refractarios al BR (33%) la combinación con GP controló las crisis de forma aceptable en todos los animales. Los perros refractarios a las DAE de combinación, al ser tratados con zonisamida (ZM) o levetiracetam (LVT) resultaron refractarios en el 50% de los casos. La ZM se presenta como el fármaco de segunda línea con mejores perspectivas para el tratamiento  de perros con EI refractaria.","palabras_clave":"epilepsia idiopática|perros|respuesta al tratamiento|drogas antiepilépticas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113219,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Insulin-like growth factor I \tgene \tdelivery to astrocytes reduces their inflammatory response to  lipopolysaccharide;","resumen":"AbstractBackground: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts neuroprotective actions in the central nervous system that are mediated at least in part by control of activation of astrocytes. In this study we have assessed the efficacy ofexogenous IGF-I and IGF-I gene therapy in reducing the inflammatory response of astrocytes from cerebral cortex.are mediated at least in part by control of activation of astrocytes. In this study we have assessed the efficacy ofexogenous IGF-I and IGF-I gene therapy in reducing the inflammatory response of astrocytes from cerebral cortex.Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts neuroprotective actions in the central nervous system that are mediated at least in part by control of activation of astrocytes. In this study we have assessed the efficacy ofexogenous IGF-I and IGF-I gene therapy in reducing the inflammatory response of astrocytes from cerebral cortex.Methods: An adenoviral vector harboring the rat IGF-I gene and a control adenoviral vector harboring a hybrid gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase fused to Aequorea victoria enhanced green fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase fused to Aequorea victoria enhanced green fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.An adenoviral vector harboring the rat IGF-I gene and a control adenoviral vector harboring a hybrid gene encoding the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase fused to Aequorea victoria enhanced green fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Aequorea victoria enhanced green fluorescent protein were used in this study. Primary astrocytes from mice cerebral cortex were incubated for 24 hor 72 h with vehicle, IGF-I, the IGF-I adenoviral vector, or control vector; and exposed to bacteriallipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response. IGF-I levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels ofinterleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.a, interleukin-1b and toll-like receptor 4 mRNA were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Levels of IGF-I receptor and IGF binding proteins 2 and 3 were assessed bywestern blotting. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.B (p65) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. Statistical significance was assessed by one way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni pot hoc test.Results: IGF-I gene therapy increased IGF-I levels without affecting IGF-I receptors or IGF binding proteins. Exogenous IGF-I, and IGF-I gene therapy, decreased expression of toll-like receptor 4 and counteracted thelipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response of astrocytes. In addition, IGF-I gene therapy decreasedlipopolysaccharide-induced translocation of nuclear factor B (p65) to the cell nucleus.Exogenous IGF-I, and IGF-I gene therapy, decreased expression of toll-like receptor 4 and counteracted thelipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response of astrocytes. In addition, IGF-I gene therapy decreasedlipopolysaccharide-induced translocation of nuclear factor B (p65) to the cell nucleus.IGF-I gene therapy increased IGF-I levels without affecting IGF-I receptors or IGF binding proteins. Exogenous IGF-I, and IGF-I gene therapy, decreased expression of toll-like receptor 4 and counteracted thelipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response of astrocytes. In addition, IGF-I gene therapy decreasedlipopolysaccharide-induced translocation of nuclear factor B (p65) to the cell nucleus.B (p65) to the cell nucleus. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate efficacy of exogenous IGF-I and of IGF-I gene therapy in reducing the inflammatory response of astrocytes. IGF-I gene therapy may represent a new approach to reduce inflammatoryreactions in glial cells.inflammatory response of astrocytes. IGF-I gene therapy may represent a new approach to reduce inflammatoryreactions in glial cells.These findings demonstrate efficacy of exogenous IGF-I and of IGF-I gene therapy in reducing the inflammatory response of astrocytes. IGF-I gene therapy may represent a new approach to reduce inflammatoryreactions in glial cells.","palabras_clave":"IGF-I|gene delivery|astrocytes|inflammation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113220,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thymulin-based gene therapy and pituitary function in animal models of aging","resumen":"Thymulin is a thymic hormone exclusively produced by the thymic epithelial cells. After its discovery and initial characterization in the 1970s, it was demonstrated that thymulin production and secretion is strongly influenced by the neuroendocrine system. Conversely, a growing core of information, to be reviewed here, points to thymulin as a hypophysiotropic peptide. Additionally, thymulin was shown to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in the brain. In recent years, a synthetic DNA sequence coding for a biologically active analog of thymulin, metFTS, was constructed and cloned in different adenoviral vectors. These include bidirectional regulatable Tet-Off vector systems that simultaneously express metFTS and green fluorescent protein and that can be down regulated reversibly by the addition of the antibiotic doxycycline. A number of recent studies suggest that thymulin gene therapy may be a suitable therapeutic strategy to prevent some of the endocrine and reproductive alterations that typically appear in congenitally athymic (nude) mice, taken as a suitable model of neuroendocrine and reproductive aging. The present article briefly reviews the literature on the physiology of the thymulin-pituitary axis as well as on the new molecular tools available to exploit the therapeutic potential of thymulin. ","palabras_clave":"THYMULIN |NEUROENDOCRINE CONTROL |HYPOPHYSIOTROPIC ACTIVITY |GENE THERAPY |REGULATABLE ADENOVECTORS |ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES |OVARIAN DYSGENESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113221,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ACERCA DE LA MIELOPATIA DEGENERATIVA. CARTA AL EDITOR","resumen":"Escribo esta carta en relación al artículo ?Mielopatía degenerativa  canina: signos clínicos, diagnóstico y terapéutica?  (http:\/\/www.veterinaria.org\/revistas\/redvet\/n080811\/081105.pdf),  publicado en REDVET Rev. electrón. vet.  http:\/\/www.veterinaria.org\/revistas\/redvet, volumen 12, No.8 del año  2011 http:\/\/www.veterinaria.org\/revistas\/redvet\/n080811.html  Es mi intención realizar algunos aportes en relación al estado actual del  conocimiento del tema de esta patología devastadora de algunas razas de  perros, en virtud de los avances de la medicina veterinaria,  particularmente en lo que se refiere al diagnóstico de enfermedades  genéticas.","palabras_clave":"Mielopatía Degenerativa|Actualización"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113222,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thymulin gene therapy prevents the histomorphometric changes induced by thymulin deficiency in the thyrotrope population of mice","resumen":"There is evidence of the existence of a bidirectional relationship between the thymus gland and the thyroid axis. Since the thymic peptide thymulin possesses hypophysiotropic activity, we undertook the task of assessing the histomorphometric changes induced by thymulin deficiency on the thyrotrope population of normal mice and the action of neonatal thymulin gene therapy on the thyrotropin (TSH)-cells of nude mice. C57BL\/6 mice were subjected to immunoneutralization of circulating thymulin from postnatal day 1 to the end of the study (postnatal day 32) by intraperitoneal injections of rabbit anti-factor thymulin serum (anti-FTS) and normal rabbit serum in controls. Also, neonatal thymulin gene therapy was implemented in nude mice using an adenoviral vector expressing a gene for thymulin (RAd-FTS). On post natal day 1, heterozygous (nu\/+) and homozygous (nu\/nu) pups received a single bilateral intramuscular (i.m.) injection of either RAd-FTS or RAd-GFP (the latter being the control vector). The pituitaries were immunostained for TSH. Thymulin immunoneutralization severely reduced serum thymulin (p &lt; 0.01). We detected a significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease in cell size (CS) and volume density (VD) with a nonsignificant decrease in cell density (CD) in C57BL\/6 in both males and females. A single neonatal i.m. injection of RAd-FTS markedly increased the circulating levels of serum thymulin in the athymic mice and increased the CD (p &lt; 0.05), CS (p &lt; 0.01) and VD (p &lt; 0.01) of the thyrotrope population in nu\/nu mice. Thyroid histology was not affected. Our results suggest a possible modulating effect of thymulin on the thyrotrope population. *These two authors contributed equally to this study","palabras_clave":"THYMUS-PITUITARY AXIS |THYMULIN GENE THERAPY |NUDE MICE |HYPOPHYSIOTROPIC ACTIVITY |RAD-FTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113223,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epstein Barr virus in relation to apoptosis markers and patients outcome in pediatric B-cell Non Hodgkin lymphoma","resumen":"In this study, we investigated Epstein Barr virus (EBV) presence, associated to proliferation and apoptosis proteins in pediatric B-cell Non Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). EBERs, Ki67, active caspase 3, Bax and Bcl2 were analyzed on B-NHL tissue from 40 patients. Forty percent showed EBV expression, significantly higher among patients under 10 years (P=0.027), and associated with immunosuppression (P=0.020), but not associated apotosis markers. However, EBV was associated with a worse event-free survival (P=0.016), particularly under immunosuppression. Even though EBV did not seem to alter apoptotic pathways, it exhibited survival disadvantage and could be an important cofactor in B-cell lymphomagenesis in younger children.","palabras_clave":"Epstein Barr virus|pediatric B-cell Non Hodgkin lymphoma|Apoptosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113225,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and proline cycle in anthraquinone accumulation in Rubia tinctorum cell suspension cultures subjected to methyl jasmonate elicitation","resumen":"Elicitors are compounds or factors capable of triggering a defense response in plants. This kind of response involves signal transduction pathways, second messengers and events such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation, proline accumulation and secondary metabolite production. Anthraquinone (AQs) biosynthesis in Rubia tinctorum L. involves different metabolic routes, including shikimate and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways. It has been proposed that the proline cycle could be coupled with the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), since the NADP+ generated by this cycle could act as a cofactor of the first enzymes of the PPP. The end-product of this pathway is erithrose-4-phosphate, which becomes the substrate of the shikimate pathway. The aim of this work was to study the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), a well-known endogenous elicitor, on the PPP, the proline cycle and AQs production in R. tinctorum cell suspension cultures, and to elucidate the role of ROS in MeJ elicitation. Treatment with MeJ resulted in AQs as well as proline accumulation, which was mimicked by the treatment with a H2O2-generating system. Both MeJ-induced effects were abolished in the presence of diphenyliodonium (DPI), a NADPH oxidase inhibitor (main source of ROS). Treatment with the elicitor failed to induce PPP; therefore, this route did not turn out to be limiting the carbon flux to the shikimate pathway.","palabras_clave":"Anthraquinones|Elicitation|Oxidative Burst|Pentose Phosphate Pathway|Proline Cycle"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113226,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression of a KDEL-tagged dengue virus protein in cell suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum and Morinda citrifolia","resumen":"The dengue virus envelope glycoprotein (DV-E) has been identi&#64257;ed as a promising candidate for the development of a subunit vaccine and to provide an antigen for diagnostic kits. In this study, cell suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum and Morinda citrifolia were transformed and evaluated for production of the DV-E serotype 2 protein. The expression cassette consisted of the DV-E gene along with a signal peptide at its 5´ end. In addition, a KDEL endoplasmic retention sequence was included in a second construct to evaluate its in&#64258;uence on accumulation levels of the recombinant protein. Expression cassettes were sub-cloned into a binary vector pCAMBIA 1305.2, and transformation was carried out using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformed cell lines of both N. tabacum and M. citrifolia accumulated DV-E protein, although those carrying the construct containing the KDEL sequence showed higher accumulation levels than those without. Overall, cell suspension cultures of N. tabacum were more suitable for dengue antigen production than those of M. citrifolia. The highest levels of protein accumulation (0.71 ± 0.06 mg DV-E\/L) were observed in tobacco cell lines at 5 days of culture, corresponding to 0.3% of total soluble protein. The recombinant protein was reactive with anti-E antibodies.","palabras_clave":"DENGUE VIRUS|ENVELOPE PROTEIN|PLANT CELL SUSPENSION CULTURE|RECOMBINANT PROTEIN|STABLE EXPRESSION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113227,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vitro lipid transfer between lipoproteins and midgut-diverticula in the spider Polybetes pythagoricus","resumen":"It has been already reported that most hemolymphatic lipids in the spider P. pythagoricus are transported by HDL1 and VHDL lipoproteins. We studied in vitro the lipid transfer among midgut-diverticula (M-diverticula), and either hemolymph or purified lipoproteins as well as between hemolymphatic lipoproteins. M-diverticula and hemolymph were labeled by in vivo 14C-palmitic acid injection. In vitro incubations were performed between M-diverticula and either hemolymph or isolated lipoproteins. Hemolymph lipid uptake was associated to HDL1 (67%) and VHDL (32%). Release from hemolymph towards M-diverticula showed the opposite trend, VHDL 75% and HDL1 45%. Isolated lipoproteins showed a similar behavior to that observed with whole hemolymph. Lipid transfer between lipoproteins showed that HDL1 transfer more 14C-lipids to VHDL than vice versa. Only 38% FFA and 18% TAG were transferred from M-diverticula to lipoproteins, while on the contrary 75% and 73% of these lipids, respectively, were taken up from hemolymph. A similar trend was observed regarding lipoprotein phospholipids. In conclusion, this study supports the hypothesis that HDL1 and hemocyanin-containing VHDL are involved in the uptake and release of FFA, phospholipids and triacylglycerols in the spider P. pythagoricus. The study supports a directional flow of lipids from HDL1 and VHDL suggesting a mode of lipid transport between lipoproteins and M-diverticula.","palabras_clave":"LIPID TRANSFER|LIPOPROTEIN|SPIDER|MIDGUT-DIVERTICULA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113228,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Specifying Process Views for a Measurement, Evaluation, and Improvement Strategy","resumen":"Any organization that develops software strives to improve the quality of its products. To do this first requires an understanding  of the quality of the current product version. Then, by iteratively making changes, the software can be improved with subsequent  versions. But this must be done in a systematic and methodical way, and, for this purpose, we have developed a specific strategy  called SIQinU (Strategy for understanding and Improving Quality in Use). SIQinU recognizes problems of quality in use through  evaluation of a real system-in-use situation and proposes product improvements by understanding and making changes to the  product\u2019s attributes. Then, reevaluating quality in use of the new version, improvement gains can be gauged along with the changes  that led to those improvements. SIQinU aligns with GOCAME (Goal-Oriented Context-Aware Measurement and Evaluation), a multipurpose generic strategy previously developed formeasurement and evaluation, which utilizes a conceptual framework (with ontological base), a process, and methods and tools. Since defining SIQinU relies on numerous phase and activity definitions, in this paper, we model different process views, for example, taking into account activities, interdependencies, artifacts, and roles, while illustrating them with excerpts from a real-case study","palabras_clave":"process |measurement and evaluation strategy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113229,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Historia natural del piche llorón Chaetophractus vellerosus (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Dasypodidae)","resumen":"En este trabajo se presentan nuevos aportes sobre la historia natural del piche llorón Chaetophractus vellerosus (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Dasypodidae). Los estudios de campo fueron llevados a cabo en 100 ha de un establecimiento ganadero de la localidad de Magdalena, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Durante dos años (2006-2008) se realizó un muestreo estacional de armadillos por captura y recaptura. Se obtuvieron datos de hábitos alimentarios, uso del espacio y del tiempo, comportamiento, termorregulación, datos poblacionales y morfológicos. Se realizaron 237 capturas de un total de 136 individuos. En la dieta el ítem principal registrado fue insectos coleópteros, seguido por material vegetal y pequeños mamíferos; se observó una diferencia estacional en los hábitos alimentarios dada por una marcada caída de la ocurrencia de coleópteros durante la primavera. Durante las estaciones frías concentran su actividad al mediodía y primeras horas de la tarde y durante las estaciones cálidas el horario medio de actividad se da durante la tarde-noche. Seleccionan los suelos calcáreos arenosos y los pastizales de baja altura y alta cobertura de vegetación. El área de acción media registrada fue de 2670 m2. Son individuos asociales, con comportamiento diferente entre las estaciones y seleccionan los montes de tala para refugiarse. La temperatura rectal mostró correlaciones positivas con la temperatura ambiente y el peso. La proporción de sexos fue cercana a uno y no se observó dimorfismo sexual. Los resultados obtenidos concuerdan con lo observado para la especie en otras áreas distantes y con diferentes condiciones ambientales. Este trabajo representa un aporte en varios aspectos poco estudiados de una población aislada y bajo importantes presiones de uso y modificación de hábitat que la pueden llevar a la extinción en un mediano plazo.","palabras_clave":"ARMADILLOS|BUENOS AIRES|CONSERVACIÓN|ECOLOGÍA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113230,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Metabolic profiling during peach fruit development and ripening reveals the metabolic networks which underpin each developmental stage","resumen":"Fruit from rosaceous species collectively display a great variety of flavors and textures as well as a generally high content of nutritionally beneficial metabolites. However, relatively little analysis of metabolic networks in rosaceous fruit has been reported. Among rosaceous species, peach (Prunus persica) has stone fruits composed of a juicy mesocarp and lignified endocarp. Here, peach mesocarp metabolic networks were studied across development using metabolomics and analysis of key regulatory enzymes. Principal component analysis of peach metabolic composition revealed clear metabolic shifts from early through late development stages and subsequently during postharvest ripening. Early developmental stages were characterized by a substantial decrease in protein abundance and high levels of bioactive polyphenols and amino acids, which are substrates for the phenylpropanoid and lignin pathways during stone hardening. Sucrose levels showed a large increase during development, reflecting translocation from the leaf, while the importance of galactinol and raffinose is also inferred. Our study further suggests that posttranscriptional mechanisms are key for metabolic regulation at early stages. In contrast to early developmental stages, a decrease in amino acid levels is coupled to an induction of transcripts encoding amino acid and organic acid catabolic enzymes during ripening. These data are consistent with the mobilization of amino acids to support respiration. In addition, sucrose cycling, suggested by the parallel increase of transcripts encoding sucrose degradative and synthetic enzymes, appears to operate during postharvest ripening. When taken together, these data highlight singular metabolic programs for peach development and may allow the identification of key factors related to agronomic traits of this important crop species.","palabras_clave":"Prunus persica|Metabolomics|Fruit development|Postharvest ripening"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113231,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Zinc restriction during different periods of life: Influence in renal and cardiovascular diseases","resumen":"Micronutrient undernutrition during critical periods of growth has become an important health issue in developing and developed countries, particularly among pregnant women and children having an imbalanced diet. Zinc is a widely studied microelement in infant feeding because it is a component of several enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism ranging from growth to cell differentiation and metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Human and experimental studies have reported an association between zinc de'ciency and the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal diseases like hypertension, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and diabetes. The main links between the development of these pathologies and zinc de'ciency are multiple mechanisms involving oxidative stress damage, apoptosis, and in!ammation. A substantial body of evidence suggests that a poor in utero environment elicited by maternal dietary or placental insuf'ciency may \u201Cprogramme\u201D susceptibility in the fetus to later development of cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, and endocrine diseases. Zinc de'ciency in rats during intrauterine and postnatal growth can also be considered a model of fetal programming of cardiovascular and renal diseases in adult life. Dietary zinc restriction during fetal life, lactation, and\/or postweaning induces an increase in arterial blood pressure and impairs renal function in adult life. This review focuses on the contributions of experimental and clinical studies to current knowledge of the physiologic role of zinc in the cardiovascular and renal systems. Moreover, this review examines the relationship between zinc de'ciency during different periods of life and the development of cardiovascular and renal diseases in adult life. 'ciency and the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal diseases like hypertension, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and diabetes. The main links between the development of these pathologies and zinc de'ciency are multiple mechanisms involving oxidative stress damage, apoptosis, and in!ammation. A substantial body of evidence suggests that a poor in utero environment elicited by maternal dietary or placental insuf'ciency may \u201Cprogramme\u201D susceptibility in the fetus to later development of cardiovascular, renal, metabolic, and endocrine diseases. Zinc de'ciency in rats during intrauterine and postnatal growth can also be considered a model of fetal programming of cardiovascular and renal diseases in adult life. Dietary zinc restriction during fetal life, lactation, and\/or postweaning induces an increase in arterial blood pressure and impairs renal function in adult life. This review focuses on the contributions of experimental and clinical studies to current knowledge of the physiologic role of zinc in the cardiovascular and renal systems. Moreover, this review examines the relationship between zinc de'ciency during different periods of life and the development of cardiovascular and renal diseases in adult life. ","palabras_clave":"micronutrients|zinc deficiency|fetal and postnatal growth|Nitric oxide system"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113232,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Programación de hipertensión arterial por restricción moderada de cinc durante la vida fetal y la lactancia. Alteraciones morfológicas y funcionales tempranas del sistema cardiovascular en ratas de ambos sexos","resumen":"IntroducciónNumerosos estudios sugieren que trastornos metabólicos y desequilibrios nutricionalesdurante la vida intrauterina pueden inducir adaptaciones que programen enfermedadescardiovasculares e hipertensión arterial. En trabajos previos mostramos que la restricciónmoderada de cinc durante la vida fetal, la lactancia y\/o el crecimiento conduce al desarrollode hipertensión arterial y disfunción renal en la adultez.ObjetivosEvaluar la presencia de alteraciones cardiovasculares tempranas en ratas sometidas a unadeficiencia moderada de cinc durante la vida fetal y la lactancia y si existen diferencias respectodel sexo.Material y métodosRatas Wistar hembras recibieron durante la preñez hasta el destete una dieta control o bajaen cinc. En el momento del nacimiento se conformaron cuatro grupos experimentales: machosy hembras nacidos de madres bajas y machos y hembras nacidos de madres controles.A los 6 y a los 21 días de vida se sacrificaron y se determinaron el peso corporal, el peso delcorazón, parámetros morfométricos cardiovasculares, la actividad de la óxido nítrico sintasaen el sistema cardiovascular y el estado oxidativo cardíaco.ResultadosEl aporte insuficiente de cinc durante la vida fetal y la lactancia indujo un proceso de remodelacióndel cardiomiocito, diferente en machos que en hembras, un aumento del estrésoxidativo cardíaco, una remodelación hipotrófica de la aorta torácica y una disminución dela actividad de la óxido nítrico sintasa en el sistema cardiovascular.ConclusionesEste trabajo demuestra que la deficiencia de cinc induce alteraciones cardiovasculares, distintasen machos que en hembras, tempranas en el desarrollo, que podrían contribuir a laprogramación de enfermedades en la vida adulta.","palabras_clave":"Programación fetal|Restricción moderada de zinc|cardiovascular|ratas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113233,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La fantasía del 'movimientazo': (im)potencia de la acción en las actuales modalidades de organización colectiva,","resumen":"Las presentes reflexiones tienen como punto de partida algunas expresiones creativas y narraciones realizadas por actores sociales que participan en diferentes colectivos, en la ciudad de Villa María. A partir de una jornada expresivo-creativa organizada en el 2009, se indagaba sobre las expresiones recurrentes que, operantes en términos de fantasía social, construyen un horizonte perdido a recuperar, referido a la articulación de las protestas en un espacio macro de convergencia de demandas particulares. El \u201Cmovimientazo\u201D va a ser leído como expresión sintomal que tanto como indica transformaciones en el presente de la acción -significado como pérdida de potencialidad existente en el pasado- en el mismo acto instala la significación de indagar las tensiones de la potencialidad de la acción colectiva en la actualidad, enmarcada en formas fragmentarias,  territorializadas y de configuración de demandas particulares.","palabras_clave":"ACCION COLECTIVA|MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES|IDEOLOGIA|FANTASIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113234,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Sequential' Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT): A Novel Approach to BNCT for the Treatment of Oral Cancer in the Hamster Cheek Pouch Model","resumen":"In the present study the therapeutic effect and potential toxicity  of the novel \u2018\u2018Sequential\u2019\u2019 boron neutron capture therapy (Seq-  BNCT) for the treatment of oral cancer was evaluated in the  hamster cheek pouch model at the RA-3 Nuclear Reactor. Two  groups of animals were treated with \u2018\u2018Sequential\u2019\u2019 BNCT, i.e.,  BNCT mediated by boronophenylalanine (BPA) followed by  BNCT mediated by sodium decahydrodecaborate (GB-10) either  24 h (Seq-24h-BNCT) or 48 h (Seq-48h-BNCT) later. In an  additional group of animals, BPA and GB-10 were administered  concomitantly [(BPA + GB-10)-BNCT]. The single-application  BNCT was to the same total physical tumor dose as the  \u2018\u2018Sequential\u2019\u2019 BNCT treatments. At 28 days post-treatment,  Seq-24h-BNCT and Seq-48h-BNCT induced, respectively, overall  tumor responses of 95± 2%and 91±3%, with no statistically  significant differences between protocols. Overall response for the  single treatment with (BPA + GB-10)-BNCT was 75 ± 5%,  significantly lower than for Seq-BNCT. Both Seq-BNCT  protocols and (BPA + GB-10)-BNCT induced reversible  mucositis in the dose-limiting precancerous tissue around treated  tumors, reaching Grade 3\/4 mucositis in 47 ± 12%and 60 ± 22%  of the animals, respectively. No normal tissue toxicity was  associated with tumor response for any of the protocols.  \u2018\u2018Sequential\u2019\u2019 BNCT enhanced tumor response without an  increase in mucositis in dose-limiting precancerous tissue.","palabras_clave":"Sequential BNCT |experimental oral cancer|BPA|GB-10"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113235,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for the treatment of liver metastases: biodistribution studies of boron compounds in an experimental model","resumen":"Abstract We previously demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of different boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT)protocols in an experimental model of oral cancer. BNCTis based on the selective accumulation of 10B carriers in a tumor followed by neutron irradiation. Within the contextof exploring the potential therapeutic efficacy of BNCT forthe treatment of liver metastases, the aim of the presentstudy was to perform boron biodistribution studies in anexperimental model of liver metastases in rats. Differentboron compounds and administration conditions wereassayed to determine which administration protocols wouldpotentially be therapeutically useful in in vivo BNCTstudies at the RA-3 nuclear reactor. A total of 70 BDIX ratswere inoculated in the liver with syngeneic colon cancercells DHD\/K12\/TRb to induce the development of subcapsulartumor nodules. Fourteen days post-inoculation,the animals were used for biodistribution studies. Weevaluated a total of 11 administration protocols for theboron compounds boronophenylalanine (BPA) and GB-10(Na2 10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.tumor followed by neutron irradiation. Within the contextof exploring the potential therapeutic efficacy of BNCT forthe treatment of liver metastases, the aim of the presentstudy was to perform boron biodistribution studies in anexperimental model of liver metastases in rats. Differentboron compounds and administration conditions wereassayed to determine which administration protocols wouldpotentially be therapeutically useful in in vivo BNCTstudies at the RA-3 nuclear reactor. A total of 70 BDIX ratswere inoculated in the liver with syngeneic colon cancercells DHD\/K12\/TRb to induce the development of subcapsulartumor nodules. Fourteen days post-inoculation,the animals were used for biodistribution studies. Weevaluated a total of 11 administration protocols for theboron compounds boronophenylalanine (BPA) and GB-10(Na2 10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.tumor followed by neutron irradiation. Within the contextof exploring the potential therapeutic efficacy of BNCT forthe treatment of liver metastases, the aim of the presentstudy was to perform boron biodistribution studies in anexperimental model of liver metastases in rats. Differentboron compounds and administration conditions wereassayed to determine which administration protocols wouldpotentially be therapeutically useful in in vivo BNCTstudies at the RA-3 nuclear reactor. A total of 70 BDIX ratswere inoculated in the liver with syngeneic colon cancercells DHD\/K12\/TRb to induce the development of subcapsulartumor nodules. Fourteen days post-inoculation,the animals were used for biodistribution studies. Weevaluated a total of 11 administration protocols for theboron compounds boronophenylalanine (BPA) and GB-10(Na2 10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.tumor followed by neutron irradiation. Within the contextof exploring the potential therapeutic efficacy of BNCT forthe treatment of liver metastases, the aim of the presentstudy was to perform boron biodistribution studies in anexperimental model of liver metastases in rats. Differentboron compounds and administration conditions wereassayed to determine which administration protocols wouldpotentially be therapeutically useful in in vivo BNCTstudies at the RA-3 nuclear reactor. A total of 70 BDIX ratswere inoculated in the liver with syngeneic colon cancercells DHD\/K12\/TRb to induce the development of subcapsulartumor nodules. Fourteen days post-inoculation,the animals were used for biodistribution studies. Weevaluated a total of 11 administration protocols for theboron compounds boronophenylalanine (BPA) and GB-10(Na2 10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.efficacy of different boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT)protocols in an experimental model of oral cancer. BNCTis based on the selective accumulation of 10B carriers in a tumor followed by neutron irradiation. Within the contextof exploring the potential therapeutic efficacy of BNCT forthe treatment of liver metastases, the aim of the presentstudy was to perform boron biodistribution studies in anexperimental model of liver metastases in rats. Differentboron compounds and administration conditions wereassayed to determine which administration protocols wouldpotentially be therapeutically useful in in vivo BNCTstudies at the RA-3 nuclear reactor. A total of 70 BDIX ratswere inoculated in the liver with syngeneic colon cancercells DHD\/K12\/TRb to induce the development of subcapsulartumor nodules. Fourteen days post-inoculation,the animals were used for biodistribution studies. Weevaluated a total of 11 administration protocols for theboron compounds boronophenylalanine (BPA) and GB-10(Na2 10B10H10), alone or combined at different dose levels and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.and employing different administration routes. Tumor,normal tissue, and blood samples were processed for boronmeasurement by atomic emission spectroscopy. Six protocolsproved potentially useful for BNCT studies in termsof absolute boron concentration in tumor and preferentialuptake of boron by tumor tissue. Boron concentrationvalues in tumor and normal tissues in the liver metastasesmodel show it would be feasible to reach therapeuticBNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance innormal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.","palabras_clave":"biodistribution studies|BNCT|experimental model of liver metastases|BPA|GB-10"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113236,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition clinically relevant for the cancer patient?","resumen":"Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a transdifferentiation process by which a fully differentiated epithelial cell acquires mesenchymal traits, and therefore, mesenchymal abilities such as motility and invasiveness. It is a pivotal physiological process involved in embryogenesis (Type 1 EMT) and in wound healing and tissue remodeling (Type 2 EMT), which, some authors claim, but there are still some controversies, has also been co-opted by tumor cells to increase their malignant potential (Type 3 EMT). Many EMT biomarkers have been characterized and classified into functional categories (i.e., extracellular proteins, cell surface molecules, cytoskeletal markers, transcriptional factors, and, recently, micro RNAs). The extra and intracellular signals that lead to EMT are only starting to be understood, but there is a consensus that Ras and TGF-beta signaling must converge with NF-kB in order to achieve a full EMT. The classical model is the induction of EMT by TGF-beta in cultures of epithelial cells. Other pathways involving GSK3b, and Wnt\/beta-catenin, are also implicated. Ultimately, every EMT-inducing pathway will activate any of the E-cadherin transcriptional repressors (ZEB1, ZEB2, Twist, Snail or Slug). Although in the pre-clinical setting, EMT has also been related to an accelerated tumor progression and to an increased resistance to conventional chemotherapy. In this sense, several groups are beginning to use EMT as a predictive marker of response to treatment. Finally, two chemicals targeting TGF-beta are in clinical trials and many laboratories have initiated studies to use other EMT-related molecules as a therapeutic target for the cancer patient with modest, but encouraging results.","palabras_clave":"EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION|PROGNOSTIC MARKER|E-CADHERIN|MICRO-RNA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113237,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increased aromatase expression in the hippocampus of spontaneously  hypertensive rats: effects of estradiol administration","resumen":"There is high incidence of hippocampal abnormalities in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), including decreased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, astrogliosis, low expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and decreased neuronal density in the hilar region, respect of normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Estradiol treatment given for 2 weeks normalized the faulty hippocampal parameters of SHR, without having effects on WKY rats. The present work studied the potential role of local estrogen biosynthesis in SHR and WKY, by measuring the expression of aromatase, the key enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis and involved in neuroprotection. We used 4 month old male SHR and WKY, half of which received sc a single estradiol benzoate pellet weighing 12 mg and the remaining half a cholesterol implant. Hippocampi were dissected and processed for aromatase mRNA expression using real time PCR; whereas a second batch of animals was processed for aromatase and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunocytochemistry. Basal levels of aromatase mRNA were higher in SHR respect of WKY. Following estradiol treatment, aromatase mRNA was further increased in the SHR group only. Aromatase immunoreactive cell processes and fibers in the hilus of the dentate gyrus of steroid-untreated SHR were more strongly stained than those of WKY rats. Estradiol treatment further increased the length of immunoreactive processes and fibers in the hilar region and also increased aromatase immunoreaction intensity of pyramidal CA1 neurons of SHR but not WKY rats. Double-labelling experiments showed that aromatase+ processes and fibers of the hilus did no colocalize with GFAP+ astrocyte bodies or processes. In conclusion, basal and estradiol-stimulated aromatase expression was enhanced in hypertensive rat hippocampus. A combination of exogenous estrogens and those locally synthesized may better alleviate hypertensive encephalopathy.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"aromatasa|estradiol|neuroproteccion|hipocampo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113238,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A novel Salmonella Typhi-based immunotherapy promotes tumor killing via an antitumor Th1-type cellular immune response and neutrophil activation in a mouse model of breast cancer","resumen":"We investigated the use of a live, attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi vaccine strain as an anti- tumor immunotherapy. Mice bearing a subcutaneous tumor (LM3 mammary adenocarcinoma) were immunized on three occasions with S. Typhi strain CVD 915 by injection into the tumor, the peritumoral tissue and the draining lymph node areas; this procedure was termed Salmonella multiple treatment (Salmonella MT). Tumor-bearing mice subjected to the Salmonella MT exhibited reduced tumor growth, prolonged survival and reduced incidence of lung metastases, compared to untreated mice. We examined the mechanisms mediating this effect and found that Salmonella MT promoted an antitumor Th1-type response characterized by increased frequencies of IFN-&#1113089;-secreting CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells with reduc- tion of regulatory T cells in tumor draining lymph nodes. The main cells infiltrating bacteria-treated tumors were activated neutrophils, which can exert an antitumor effect through the secretion of TNF-&#1113090;. These results demonstrate for the first time the efficacy of an attenuated S. Typhi vaccine strain as a cancer immunotherapeutic agent. By potentiating the host antitumor immune response, this approach could be a powerful adjunct tool for cancer therapy.","palabras_clave":"Cancer immunotherapy|Salmonella Typhi|Tumor specific Th1-type response"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113239,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hept-1-yne partial hydrogenation reaction over supported Pd and W catalysts","resumen":"In order to increase the production of olefins the partial hydrogenation of alkynes has achieved industrialimportance. In this sense catalysts with selective hydrogenation propertiesmaybe of potential interest. Inthis work mono and bimetallic Pd andWcatalysts supported on gamma-alumina with low metal content (2.4%Wand 0.4% Pd) were prepared. XPS, XRD, TPR and hydrogen chemisorption techniques were used for thecharacterization. The effect of metallic precursor incorporation order and of the reduction temperature,on the activity and selectivity for the partial hydrogenation of hept-1-yne at mild reaction conditions,were evaluated.Low-loaded palladium monometallic catalyst showed a high selectivity but it was the least active.Moreover, bimetallic catalysts proved to be more active than the classical Lindlar catalyst. The additionof Pd to the W\/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst greatly improved the total conversion and the selectivity to the desiredproduct. XPS results suggest electronic effects between Pd and W metals. The bimetallic W-Pd catalysttreated in hydrogen at low temperature conditions (393 K) showed the highest activity and selectivityvalues.","palabras_clave":"BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS|PALLADIUM |TUNGSTEN|SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION|HEPT-1-YNE|LINDLAR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113240,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"HIDROGENACIÓN SELECTIVA DE 1-HEPTINO EN FASE LIQUIDA SOBRE Ni\/Al2O3. EFECTO DE LA TEMPERATURA DE REACCIÓN","resumen":"En este trabajo fue evaluado el efecto de la temperatura de reacción en la hidrogenación selectiva de 1-heptino a 1-hepteno usando un catalizador de níquel soportado sobre &#61543;-alúmina. Fueron estudiadas diferentes temperaturas operacionales (273, 303 y 323 K), obteniéndose mayor conversión total del reactivo a la mayor temperatura, con una selectividad próxima al 90%. El catalizador de níquel preparado puede considerarse como una alternativa más económica a nivel industrial frente a los ya conocidos catalizadores de paladio, no sólo debido al bajo costo del metal sino también debido a su bajo contenido metálico (3,6% en masa). El catalizador fue caracterizado por Difracción de Rayos X, Reducción a Temperatura Programada y Espectroscopía Fotoelectrónica de Rayos X. Estas indicaron la presencia de óxido de níquel a nivel másico con fuertes interacciones con el soporte y la existencia de especies electro-deficientes de níquel a nivel superficial quienes serían las especies activas durante la hidrogenación del alquino terminal.","palabras_clave":"SEMI-HIDROGENACIÓN |HEPTINO|CATALIZADOR MONOMETÁLICO|NÍQUEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113241,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Composición florística del Bosque Chaqueño Serrano de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina","resumen":"Si bien el Chaco Serrano constituye una de las principales unidades fitogeográficas de la provincia de Córdoba, son escasos y restringidos los relevamientos florísticos disponibles. Por ello, en este trabajo se analiza la composición florística del Chaco Serrano entre los 400 y 1700 m.s.m. A lo largo de los cuatro cordones montañosos que lo componen, realizamos 437 relevamientos completos de plantas vasculares, en cuadrados homogéneos de 20 × 20 m. Se registraron un total de 106 familias, 476 géneros y 896 especies de plantas vasculares. Las dos familias mejor representadas fueronPoaceae (157) y Asteraceae (143). Los géneros con mayor número de especies correspondieron a Baccharis, Eupatorium, Euphorbia, Gymnocalycium y Tillandsia. Las formas de vida con mayor número de especies fueron hierbas perennes siempre-verdes (221), graminoides (143) y arbustos (124); los árboles nativos registrados fueron 27. Del total de especies registradas, 102 (11%) fueron exóticas, 29 de ellas leñosas. Se registraron aproximadamente la mitad de especies previamente citadas para la provincia de Córdoba. Además, se mencionan 6 citas nuevas para la provincia. Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto la importancia de la unidad fitogeográfica del Chaco Serrano para la conservación de la flora de la provincia de Córdoba.","palabras_clave":"Distrito Chaqueño Serrano|especies nativas|especies exóticas |conservación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113242,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adventitious dairy Leuconostoc strains with interesting technological and biological properties useful for adjunct starters","resumen":"Some species of Leuconostoc are very important for fermented dairy products,as they contribute to the organoleptic characteristics of butter and cream, andalso contribute to the formation of openings in some soft, semi-hard (Edam andGouda cheeses), many artisanal or in blue-veined cheeses, such as Roquefort.In this study, 14 Leuconostoc strains isolated from cheese and cheese-relatedproducts were characterized by genotypic and phenotypic methods, and theirtechnological performance assessed for their potential use as dairy adjunctstarters. Phenotypic characterization allowed these strains to be classified togenus level, and genotypic studies (RAPD-PCR and 16S rRNA genesequencing) identified them to species\/subspecies level. Five Leuconostocstrains grew well and acidified milk, and most of them grew even at 8 °C. Theyshowed moderate resistance to heat treatments (30 min at 63 °C) and grewwell in the presence of 3% and 4% NaCl, and were significantly inhibited atpH lower than 5. All strains showed resistance against the bacteriophages tested. Ingeneral, the antibacterial properties observed were slight and due to acidproduction, with the exception of Leuconostoc citreum MB1, which stronglyinhibited Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313 by the production of abacteriocin-like compound. All Leuconostoc strains studied were susceptible togentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin and ampicillin. Some strains also showedinteresting technological and antimicrobial properties, thus being potentiallyappropriate as adjunct starters in fermented dairy products. This studyhighlights that adventitious lactic acid bacteria can be a great source of novelstrains with interesting technological features that could be used for fermenteddairy foods.","palabras_clave":"LEUCONOSTOC|ADVENTITIOUS MICROFLORA|SOFT CHEESE|ADJUNCT STARTER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113243,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adsorption of temperate phages of Lactobacillus delbrueckii strains and phage resistance linked to their cell diversity","resumen":"Aims: The aim of this work was to study the adsorption step of two new temperate bacteriophages (Cb1\/204 and Cb1\/342) of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and to isolate phage-resistant derivatives with interesting technological properties. Methods and Results: The effect of divalent cations, pH, temperature and cell viability on adsorption step were analyzed. The Ca2+ presence was necessary for the phage Cb1\/342 but not for the phage Cb1\/204. Both phages showed to be stable at pH values between 3 and 8. Their adsorption rates decreased considerably at pH 8 but remained high at acid pH values. The optimum temperatures for the adsorption step were between 30ºC and 40ºC. For the phage Cb1\/342, non-viable cells adsorbed a lower quantity of phage particles in comparison with the viable ones, a fact that could be linked to disorganization of phage receptor sites and\/or to the physiological cellular state. The isolation of phage-resistant derivatives with good technological properties from the sensitive strains and their relationship with the cell heterogeneity of the strains were also made. Conclusions: Characterization of the adsorption step for the first temperate Lact. delbrueckii phages isolated in Argentina was made and phage-resistant derivatives of their host strains were obtained.Significance and impact of study: Some phage-resistant derivatives isolated exhibited good technological properties with the prospective to be used at industrial level.","palabras_clave":"DAIRY PROCESSES|LACTIC|LACTOBACILLUS DELBRUECKII|PHAGE RESISTANCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113244,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rational approaches for the design of effective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors","resumen":"The binding of several classes of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs) to wild type (wtRT) and K103N mutant (mRT) human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1) reverse transcriptase is studied using molecular dynamics and energy decompositiontechniques. The ITU, DATA and DAPY NNRTIs studied maintain the hydrogen bond withLys101 during the 3 ns molecular dynamics trajectories. When bound to mRT, all the DAPYsstudied establish hydrogen bonds with Glu138, among these, those of the potent inhibitorsTMC120 and TMC125 are water-mediated. The molecular interactions of the NNRTIs in thebinding pocket are correlated to the drugs? potency. Quantitative free energy analyses show alinear relationship between the van der Waals energetic component and the potency againstwtRT. The molecular basis of the interaction between NNRTIs and RT presented hereprovide quantitative approaches for the design of novel effective anti-HIV drugs.","palabras_clave":"NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS |MOLECULAR DYNAMICS|MOLECULAR DOCKING|WILD TYPE AND MUTATED REVERSE TRANSCRITASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113245,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stability-indicating micellar liquid chromatography method for three novel derivatives of zidovudine in aqueous and simulated gastric and intestinal fluids matrices","resumen":"This work studies the stability of three new anti-HIV agents which were obtained by the association of zidovudine (AZT) with different amino acids, such as leucine (AZT-Leu) and valine (AZT-Val), and one with an acid group (AZT-Ac). Before commercialisation, their stability in different matrices, simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 6.8), both as the USP 32 Guideline indicates, and buffers (pH 1.2 and 6.8)  must be studied. To this end, a new stability-indicating micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) method has been optimised and validated. Measurements were based on the disappearance of reagents and the appearance of the only degradation product (AZT). This optimized and validated method used a C18 column and a mobile phase containing 0.05M sodium dodecyl sulphate-1% (v\/v)1-butanol-0.01MNaH2PO4 (pH 3.0) at 30 C, and a flow rate of 1mL min-1. Under these conditions, retention times were 1.4, 3.6, 6.3 and 9.5 min for AZT-Ac, AZT, AZT-Val and AZT-Leu, respectively. Calibrations better than 0.9995, intra- and inter-day precisions below 1.08% and good recoveries (94.47-116.52%) and robustness (RSD less that 1.08%) were obtained and were adequate to analyse the four compounds. Finally, this MLC method was applied to achieve stability studies which resulted in the evidence that all the compounds followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics, and in the determination of their kinetic constants and half-life time. A reference method, applied in the same studies, validated the MLC method reported","palabras_clave":"ZIDOVUDINE DERIVATIVES|GASTRIC AND INTESTINAL MATRICES|STABILITY INDICATING HPLC METHODS|MICELLAR LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113246,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy, Oncosis, and Autophagic Vacuolization Predict Mortality","resumen":"OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the remodeling parameters cardiomyocyte (CM) damage or death, hypertrophy, and fibrosis that may be linked to outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure (HF) in an effort to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of HF that may support newer therapeutic modalities. BACKGROUND: There are controversial results on the influence of fibrosis, CM hypertrophy, and apoptosis on outcomes in patients with HF; other modalities of cell damage have been poorly investigated. METHODS: In endomyocardial biopsy specimens from 100 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and advanced HF, CM diameter and the extent of fibrosis were determined by morphometry. The proportion of CMs with evidence of apoptosis, autophagic vacuolization (AuV), and oncosis was investigated by immunohistochemical methods and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling. Those parameters were correlated with mortality in 3 years of follow-up by univariate analysis and with multivariate models incorporating the clinical variables more relevant to the prediction of outcomes. RESULTS: CM AuV occurred in 28 patients (0.013 ± 0.012%) and oncosis in 41 (0.109 ± 0.139%). Nineteen patients showed both markers. Apoptotic CM nuclei were observed in 3 patients. In univariate analysis, CM diameter and AuV, either alone or associated with oncosis, were predictors of mortality. In multivariate analysis, CM diameter (hazard ratio: 1.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 1.68; p = 0.002) and simultaneous presence in the same endomyocardial biopsy specimen of AuV and oncosis (hazard ratio: 2.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 7.13; p = 0.028) were independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: CM hypertrophy and AuV, especially in association with oncosis, are predictors of outcome in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and severe HF. ","palabras_clave":"CARDIOMYOCYTE|HYPERTROPHY|HEART FAILURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113247,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative performance of flubendazole and albendazole in cystic echinococcosis: ex vivo activity, plasma\/cysts disposition and efficacy in infected mice","resumen":"The need to identify improved therapy against cystic echinococcosis (CE) has motivated pharmacology-based research. The comparative pharmacological performances of the benzimidazole compounds flubendazole (FLBZ) and albendazole (ABZ) were addressed here. The goals of the work were as follows: (i) to evaluate the ex vivo activities of FLBZ, ABZ, and their respective metabolites against Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces, (ii) to compare the plasma and cyst disposition kinetics for the two drugs in infected mice, and (iii) to compare the clinical efficacies of FLBZ and ABZ against CE in mice. For the ex vivo study, E. granulosus protoscoleces were incubated with FLBZ, reduced FLBZ (R-FLBZ), ABZ, and ABZ-sulfoxide (ABZSO) (10 nmol\/ml). Protoscolex viability was monitored by the methylene blue exclusion test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the pharmacokinetic study, BALB\/c mice with CE were allocated to two different groups and orally treated with either FLBZ or ABZ (5 mg\/kg of body weight), both formulated as a cyclodextrin-based solution. Blood and cyst samples were taken up to 12 h posttreatment and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For the efficacy study, CE-infected BALB\/c mice were divided into three groups: the unmedicated control group and the FLBZ- and ABZ-treated groups. Oral treatments were performed twice a day during 25 days. After treatment, all animals were killed and the weight of the cysts was recorded. Loss of protoscolex viability was observed after drug incubation. FLBZ was detected in plasma (area under the concentration-versus-time curve [AUC] = 1.8 &#956;g·h\/ml) and cysts (AUC = 0.3 &#956;g·h\/g) collected from treated infected animals. Conversely, ABZSO was the only active molecule measured in plasma (AUC = 4.4 &#956;g·h\/ml) and cysts (AUC = 1.5 &#956;g·h\/g) after ABZ treatment. FLBZ induced a 90% reduction in cyst weight in comparison to those collected from untreated control mice (P < 0.05). However, no differences in cyst weight were observed between the ABZ-treated (8.2 g) and unmedicated control (10.5 g) groups. Due to these results, we consider flubendazole to have great potential to become a drug of choice in the treatment of cystic echinococcosis.","palabras_clave":"ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS|FLUBENDAZOLE|ALBENDAZOLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113248,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Latin American Consensus: Children Born Small for Gestational Age","resumen":"BACKGROUND: Children born small for gestational age (SGA) experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality than those born appropriate for gestational age. In Latin America, identification and optimal management of children born SGA is a critical issue. Leading experts in pediatric endocrinology throughout Latin America established working groups in order to discuss key challenges regarding the evaluation and management of children born SGA and ultimately develop a consensus statement.DISCUSSION: SGA is defined as a birth weight and\/or birth length greater than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the population reference mean for gestational age. SGA refers to body size and implies length-weight reference data in a geographical population whose ethnicity is known and specific to this group. Ideally, each country\/region within Latin America should establish its own standards and make relevant updates. SGA children should be evaluated with standardized measures by trained personnel every 3 months during year 1 and every 6 months during year 2. Those without catch-up growth within the first 6 months of life need further evaluation, as do children whose weight is ¡Ü -2 SD at age 2 years. Growth hormone treatment can begin in SGA children &gt; 2 years with short stature (&lt; -2.0 SD) and a growth velocity &lt; 25th percentile for their age, and should continue until final height (a growth velocity below 2 cm\/year or a bone age of &gt; 14 years for girls and &gt; 16 years for boys) is reached. Blood glucose, thyroid function, HbA1c, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) should be monitored once a year. Monitoring insulin changes from baseline and surrogates of insulin sensitivity is essential. Reduced fetal growth followed by excessive postnatal catch-up in height, and particularly in weight, should be closely monitored. In both sexes, gonadal function should be monitored especially during puberty.SUMMARY: Children born SGA should be carefully followed by a multidisciplinary group that includes perinatologists, pediatricians, nutritionists, and pediatric endocrinologists since 10% to 15% will continue to have weight and height deficiency through development and may benefit from growth hormone treatment. Standards\/guidelines should be developed on a country\/region basis throughout Latin America.","palabras_clave":"small for gestational age|growth retardation|growth hormone treatment|IGF-I"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113249,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Insects found in birds\u2019 nests from Argentina. Myiopsitta monachus (Boddaert, 1873) [Aves: Psittacidae], exclusive host of Psitticimex uritui (Lent & Abalos, 1946) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)","resumen":"Insects in communal nests of the monk parakeet, Myiopsitta monachus [Aves: Psittacidae] were studied in Argentina (provinces of Chaco, Catamarca, La Rioja, Córdoba, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, La Pampa, and Buenos Aires). A total of 176 species of insects (8 orders, 48 families) was represented by 106,556 specimens. Hemiptera was represented by 58,915 exx. (52.3%); followed by Coleoptera, 46,764 exx. (43.8%). The insects are discriminated by functional guilds and the time of residence inside the nests. Other dead insects and arthropods, inquiline insects, and birds also found in the nests are also provided","palabras_clave":"Psittacidae|monk parakeets|birds nests, insects|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113250,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Insects found in birds\u2019 nests from the Neotropical Region. Addenda, corrections, and the Subantarctic Region of Argentina and adjacent countries","resumen":"An addendum to the bibliographical review of the insects found in birds´nests is presented: first, to the Neotropical immigrants  in the Nearctic Region; second, to the Neotropical Region, including Argentina; and third, a summarization of the data from the Subantarctic Region (Antarctic Dominion) of Argentina and adjacent countries. Localities, numbers of specimens,  collections, and other details are provided, when they were stated, in original and later citations.","palabras_clave":"Insects|birds nests|Neotropical Region|addenda|Subantartic Region"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113251,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida) from Argentina. New records of distributions and habitats, corrections and an identification key","resumen":"Seventy-two named species of Pseudoscorpiones, representing 14 families, are recorded from Argentina, of which Chernetidae  (40 species) and Withiidae (11 species) are the most diverse. Three species are new country records: Parachernes  melanopygus, P. plumosus and P. peruanus. The provincial distributions and habitat preferences of the species are given  and discussed. Synonymies, old combinations and misidentifications (only those concerning Argentina), original localities,  number of specimens, instars and repositories are given (when known), along with new provincial records, localities  and habitats, and a key to the families, genera and species known from Argentina.","palabras_clave":"false scorpions|Argentina|checklist|identification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113252,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". A preliminary bibliographic survey of the insects found in poultry houses from the Neotropical Region, with remarks on selected taxa shared with native birds\u2019 nests","resumen":"Species of insects associated to the habitat of Gallus gallus (Aves: Phasianidae) in the Neotropical Region belong to 144 identified  species (42 Coleoptera; 14 Diptera; 17 Hymenoptera; 9 Siphonaptera; 1 Lepidoptera; 56 Hemiptera (one hybrid); 5 Dermaptera);  33 identified to genus (21 Coleoptera; 3 Diptera; 7 Hymenoptera; 1 Hemiptera; 1 Blattaria); 37 identified to family (23 Coleoptera; 9 Diptera; 2 Hymenoptera; 1 Lepidoptera; 2 Hemiptera); and 6 to order (2 Coleoptera; 1 Hymenoptera; 1 Siphonaptera; 1 Psocoptera; 1 Dermaptera). Most of the insects are haematophagous ectoparasites (Hemiptera; Siphonaptera; Diptera), detritivores (Coleoptera; Lepidoptera; Diptera; Blattaria), predators (Coleoptera; Diptera; Hemiptera; Dermaptera; Hymenoptera), and parasitoids (Hymenoptera). A total of 46 native American species and\/or subspecies of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) were found in chicken houses, from which 18 were also found in birds\u2019 nests. It was recently observed that other insects from poultry houses, generally exotic species, had colonized native American birds\u2019 nests. Comments  and remarks of selected taxa also found in birds\u2019 nests from Argentina and other countries are provided.","palabras_clave":"Insects|chicken houses|poultry houses|birds nests|Neotropical Region"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113253,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Geographic and seasonal variability in feeding behaviour of a small herbivorous rodent","resumen":"Foraging strategies have traditionally been modelled as a result of food selection in response to one factor, as for instance resource availability, deterrent compounds or nutrients. Thus, a trade-off is assumed between plasticity (generalist strategy) and efficiency (specialist strategy). Nevertheless, several studies have demonstrated that animals cope behaviourally with food supply variation. For instance, desert-dwelling rodents partially compensate for nutritional bottlenecks through diet selection. The aim of our study was to test how foraging behaviour matches spatial and temporal variations in the trophic environment and how modelling hypotheses help us to understand the resultant foraging strategy. Our animal study model was the small cavy Microcavia australis, a widely distributed herbivorous rodent. Fieldwork was carried out in four places, in wet and dry seasons. We found significant differences in plant cover, plant diversity and niche breadth, and diet selection revealed a complex foraging strategy. M. australis shows a behavioural repertoire that exceeds single-criterion categories; therefore, we appeal to theoretical models that consider ecological and physiological perspectives. We classified the small cavy as a facultative specialist displaying a thoroughly opportunistic strategy based on the plasticity of the behavioural phenotype. We finally discuss the evolutionary relevance of our results and propose further investigation avenues.","palabras_clave":"Behavioural plasticity|Diet selection|Environmental heterogeneity|Nutritional trade-offs|Microcavia australis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113254,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High genetic differentiation among populations of the small cavy Microcavia australis occupying different habitats","resumen":"Se adjunta trabajo","palabras_clave":"Microcavia australis|genetic variability|population divergence|mitochondrial DNA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113256,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic diversity of Anadenanthera colubrina Vell. (Brenan) var cebil, a tree species from the South American subtropical forest as revealed by cpSSR markers","resumen":"Abstract:  Anadenanthera colubrina var cebil is a tree species  native to the Upper Parana Atlantic Forest where  human activities have severely impacted causing deep  fragmentation. Microsatellites are not available in this  species. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to  generate chloroplast simple sequence repeats (cpSSR)  by cross-species transfer. Understanding the evolutionary  dynamics of subdivided populations is an important  matter. In this way, a first approach to the characterization  of the haplotypic diversity within and between populations  as well as the genetic structure of native Argentinean  populations were the main goals of this study.  Twenty four individuals from two populations of the  Misiones province were studied and four cpSSR loci  were tested. Two of them exhibited polymorphic patterns  leading to the identification of 11 cpDNA haplotypes  with high mean genetic diversity (GD=0.73). The  minimum spanning network defined three clear groups  which can be assigned to at least three subpopulations.  AMOVA indicated that the total variance showed the  highest percentage of variation (48%) within subpopulations  with a fixation index (FST) statistically significant  (FST=0.520; p<0.05). Brown?s two loci component analysis  indicated that substructure population is present.  Jost?s differentiation global index (Dest) was 0.049 while  Dest pairwise comparison reflected a certain level of  genetic structure.  The high diversity level detected in the adult trees of  A. colubrina var cebil from the populations under study  could be due to recent human influence. In this way, the  reduction in population size caused a reduction in  the number of trees leading to surviving trees showing  the historical diversity of the populations analyzed.","palabras_clave":"UPPER PARANA ALTANTIC FOREST|CURUPAY|INTRASPECIFIC GENETIC DIVERSITY |cpSSR CROSS-SPECIES TRANSFER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113257,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gene Therapy and Targeted Toxins for Glioma","resumen":"The most common primary brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma. These tumors are highlyinvasive and aggressive with a mean survival time of nine to twelve months from diagnosis todeath. Current treatment modalities are unable to significantly prolong survival in patientsdiagnosed with glioblastoma. As such, glioma is an attractive target for developing noveltherapeutic approaches utilizing gene therapy. This review will examine the available preclinicalmodels for glioma including xenographs, syngeneic and genetic models. Several promisingtherapeutic targets are currently being pursued in pre-clinical investigations. These targets will bereviewed by mechanism of action, i.e., conditional cytotoxic, targeted toxins, oncolytic viruses,tumor suppressors\/oncogenes, and immune stimulatory approaches. Preclinical gene therapyparadigms aim to determine which strategies will provide rapid tumor regression and long-termprotection from recurrence. While a wide range of potential targets are being investigatedpreclinically, only the most efficacious are further transitioned into clinical trial paradigms.Clinical trials reported to date are summarized including results from conditionally cytotoxic,targeted toxins, oncolytic viruses and oncogene targeting approaches. Clinical trial results have notbeen as robust as preclinical models predicted; this could be due to the limitations of the GBMmodels employed. Once this is addressed, and we develop effective gene therapies in models thatbetter replicate the clinical scenario, gene therapy will provide a powerful approach to treat andmanage brain tumors.","palabras_clave":"targeted toxins|glioblastoma|gene therapy|mouse model"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113258,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Targeted Toxins For Glioblastoma Multiforme: Pre-Clinical Studies And Clinical Implementation","resumen":"Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is most common primary brain tumor in adults. GBM is veryaggressive due to its poor cellular differentiation and invasiveness, which makes complete surgicalresection virtually impossible. Therefore, GBM\u2019s invasive nature as well as its intrinsic resistanceto current treatment modalities makes it a unique therapeutic challenge. Extensive examination ofhuman GBM specimens has uncovered that these tumors overexpress a variety of receptors thatare virtually absent in the surrounding non-neoplastic brain. Human GBMs overexpress receptorsfor cytokines, growth factors, ephrins, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), andtransferrin, which can be targeted with high specificity by linking their ligands with highlycytotoxic molecules, such as Diptheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A. We review thepreclinical development and clinical translation of targeted toxins for GBM. In view of the clinicalexperience, we conclude that although these are very promising therapeutic modalities for GBMpatients, efforts should be focused on improving the delivery systems utilized in order to achievebetter distribution of the immuno-toxins in the tumor\/resection cavity. Delivery of targeted toxinsusing viral vectors would also benefit enormously from improved strategies for local delivery.","palabras_clave":"Glioblastoma|Targeted toxins|Mouse model|IL13\/IL4R"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113259,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Strong pinning and vortex energy distributions in single-crystalline Ba(Fe1&#8722;xCox)2As2","resumen":"The interrelation between heterogeneity and flux pinning is studied in Ba(Fe1&#8722;xCox)2As2 single crystals with widely varying Co content x. Magnetic Bitter decoration of the superconducting vortex ensemble in crystals with x=0.075 and x=0.1 reveals highly disordered vortex structures. The width of the Meissner belt observed at the edges of the crystals, and above the surface steps formed by cleaving, as well as the width of the intervortex distance distribution, indicate that the observed vortex ensemble is established at a temperature just below the critical temperature Tc. The vortex interaction energy and pinning force distributions extracted from the images strongly suggest that the vortex lattice disorder is attributable to strong pinning due to spatial fluctuations of Tc and of the superfluid density. Correlating the results with the critical current density yields a typical length scale of the relevant disorder of 40\u201360 nm.","palabras_clave":"Superconductivity|vortex pinning|pnictides"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113260,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Efecto del raleo sobre el rendimiento de dos variedades de okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) en el valle de Lerma, Salta, Argentina'","resumen":"El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto del raleo sobre los componentes del rendimiento en dos variedades de okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). El 20 de octubre de 2008, siguiendo un diseño completamente aleatorio con arreglo factorial (variedades y raleo) se sembró en cada unidad experimental un total de 40 semillas (dos por golpe de siembra) de la variedad correspondiente. A los 38 días, se raleó, dejando una planta por golpe de siembra, en las parcelas indicadas. Los frutos fueron cosechados inmaduros desde diciembre de 2008 hasta marzo de 2009. Las variables analizadas fueron: peso total de frutos por parcela durante todo el ciclo de producción, peso por parcela por cosecha, peso por fruto, número total de frutos durante todo el ciclo de producción y número de frutos por cosecha. Hubo una tendencia (P = 0,054) a que el peso total y el peso por cosecha sean superiores en las parcelas sin raleo para ambas variedades. El raleo disminuyó significativamente el número de frutos totales y el número de frutos por cosecha en ambas variedades, debido a que las parcelas raleadas presentaban la mitad del número de plantas. Por último, no hubo un efecto significativo del raleo sobre el peso promedio del fruto en ninguna de las variedades estudiadas.","palabras_clave":"BOMBO|PRODUCTIVIDAD|DENSIDAD|POBLACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113261,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"HAVE FLAGELLA A PREFERRED ORIENTATION DURING EARLY STAGES OF BIOFILM FORMATION? : AFM STUDY USING PATTERNED SUBSTRATES","resumen":"Biofilm development involves several stages and flagellar expression of bacteria is considered an important factor in this process. However, its role in the earliest stage of biofilm development is not yet clear.In order to analyse this topic, Pseudomonas fluorescens samples were trapped on a patterned gold surface with sub-microtrenches (ST) so as to hinder their motility, and nanostructured gold with random orientation (SR) was used as control substrate. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) observations were made on untreated samples. Initially, ca. 75% of the flagella on ST and 85% of flagella on SR are oriented towards the neighbouring bacteria. Some of them made contact and surrounded the cells. Subsequently, 2-D raft structures formed on SR inert substrates with lateral curly flagella, while those at the poles of the rafts turned towards the nearest cell group. A few flagella and the formation of 3-D bacterial structures were observed on toxic substrates like copper. Results showed that patterned substrates are suitable toolsto detect the orientation of flagella in the earliest stage of biofilm formation on solid opaque surfaces avoiding sample pre-treatment.","palabras_clave":"Bacterial adhesion|Atomic force microscopy|Patterned surface|Pseudomonas biofilm|Pseudomonas fluorescens"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113262,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comment on \u201CThe interaction of cells and bacteria with surfaces structured at the nanometre scale.\u201D","resumen":"In a recent article in Acta Biomaterialia Anselme et al. published an interesting, complete and exhaustive review of the interaction of cells and bacteria with nanostructured surfaces. In this review the authors referred to our article and stated that the retention of bacteria in the grooves of the surfaces was probably due to dewetting phenomena, as the images were taken in air on dried substrates. From this affirmation the readers of the journal might infer that the structure of the aggregates and bacterial distribution are a consequence of capillary forces acting during sample drying. It is well known that dewetting forces have a strong influence on the distribution of colloids on surfaces and some researchers have attempted to describe bacteria as colloidal systems. However, this approach fails to explain a considerable number of cases. In fact, results recently reported indicate that the adhesion of bacteria differs markedly from colloidal particles due to the presence of appendages that rearrange during adhesion until the bacteria are positioned in the energetically most favorable position.","palabras_clave":"Nanotopography|Surface characterization|CELL ADHESION|BACTERIAL ADHESION|Protein adsorption"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113263,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Valores hematológicos de referencia y citoquímica de las células sanguíneas de Rhinella fernandezae (Amphibia, Anura) en ambientes del Espinal y Delta-Islas del río Paraná, Argentina.","resumen":"Abstract: Hematology and blood cell cytochemistry of Rhinella fernandezae (Amphibia: Anura) fromEspinal and Delta-Islands of Paraná River, Argentina. The description of amphibian hematology is scarceand most of these studies have been done in species from North America, Asia and Europe. With the purposeto obtain basic hematological information of Rhinella fernandezae, 23 blood samples from Santa Fe and EntreRíos natural reserves were studied. Blood of each individual was extracted by cardiac puncture and hemogramswere carried out. Morphological and cytochemical description of blood cells were analyzed in slides and wereinspected for extra and intra cellular parasites. Five leucocytes types were observed, being lymphocytes thepredominant ones followed by basophiles. Heterophils and eosinophils were positive to PAS, Sudan B and peroxidase.The erythrocytes and its precursors were negative for cytochemical reactions. Micronuclei and nuclearalterations frequencies were scarce. No significant differences (p&gt;0.05) were observed between sexes neitherin hemograms nor in blood cells morphology. Microfilarias were the only hemoparasites found with a relativelow prevalence and infection intensity. The hematological characteristics studied were similar to those reportedfor other amphibians, suggesting that R. fernandezae individuals present optimal nutritional and immunologicalstatus. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (1): 17-28. Epub 2011 March 01.","palabras_clave":"Rhinella fernandezae|citochemistry|blood cell morphology|hematology parameters"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113264,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"B-esterase activities and blood cell morphology in the Frog Leptodactylus chaquensis (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) on rice agroecosystems from Santa Fe Province (Argentina).","resumen":"Activity of B-esterases (BChE: butyrylcholinesteraseand CbE: carboxylesterase using two model substrates:a-naphthyl acetate and 4-nitrophenyl valerate) in anative frog, Leptodactylus chaquensis from rice fields(RF1: methamidophos and RF2: cypermethrin and endosulfansprayed by aircraft) and non-contaminated area(pristine forest) was measured. The ability of pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) to reactivate BChElevels was also explored. In addition, changes in blood cellmorphology and parasite infection were determined. Meanvalues of plasma BChE activities were lower in samplesfrom the two rice fields than in those from the referencesite. CbE (4-nitrophenyl valerate) levels varied in the threesites studied, being highest in RF1. Frog plasma from RF1showed positive reactivation of BChE activity after incubationwith 2-PAM. Blood parameters of frogs from RF2revealed morphological alterations (anisochromasia andimmature erythrocytes frequency). Moreover, a majorinfection of protozoan Trypanosoma sp. in individualsfrom the two rice fields was detected. We suggest thatintegrated use of several biomarkers (BChE and CBEs,chemical reactivation of plasma with 2-PAM, and bloodcell parameters) may be a promising procedure for use inbiomonitoring programmes to diagnose pesticide exposure","palabras_clave":"Leptodactylus chaquensis |Rice fields | Pesticides| Blood cell morphology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113265,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Toxicity of Four Herbicide Formulations with Glyphosate on Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) Tadpoles: B-esterases and Glutathione S-transferase Inhibitions.","resumen":"In this study, amphibian tadpoles Rhinellaarenarum were exposed to different concentrations ofRoundup Ultra-Max (ULT), Infosato (INF), Glifoglex, andC-K YUYOS FAV. Tadpoles were exposed to thesecommercial formulations with glyphosate (CF-GLY) at thefollowing concentrations (acid equivalent [ae]): 0 (control),1.85, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 mg ae\/L for6\u201348 h (short-term). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase(BChE), carboxylesterase (CbE), andglutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were measuredamong tadpoles sampled from those treatments that displayedsurvival rates [85%. Forty-eight-hour LC50 forR. arenarum tadpoles exposed to CF-GLY in the static testsranged from ULT = 2.42 to FAV = 77.52 mg ae\/L. Forall CF-GLY, the LC50 values stabilized at 24 h of exposure.Tadpoles exposed to all CF-GLY concentrations at48 h showed decreases in the activities of AChE (control =17.50 ± 2.23 nmol\/min\/mg\/protein; maximum inhibitionINF 30 mg ae\/L, 71.52%), BChE (control = 6.31 ± 0.86nmol\/min\/mg\/protein; maximum inhibition INF 15 mgae\/L,78.84%), CbE (control = 4.39 ± 0.46 nmol\/min\/mg\/protein;maximum inhibition INF 15 mg ae\/L, 81.18%), andGST (control = 4.86 ± 0.49 nmol\/min\/mg\/protein; maximuminhibition INF 1.87 mg ae\/L, 86.12%). These resultsindicate that CF-GLY produce a wide range of toxicities andthat all enzymatic parameters tested may be good earlyindicators of herbicide contamination in R. arenarumtadpoles.","palabras_clave":"tadpoles|glyphosate|herbicide contamination"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113266,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reproductive ecology of the common South American toad Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae): reproductive effort, clutch size, fecundity and mate selection","resumen":"Understanding the causes of population declines is difficult when the ecology of the organisms themselves is insufficiently known. The common South American toad, Rhinella arenarum, inhabits a wide variety of habitats. Their populations are abundant; however, life-history characteristics of the adult, including reproductive traits, are poorly known. We studied the reproductive ecology of R. arenarum for several populations in central Argentina during two breeding seasons (2007\u201308). Breeding activity was compared for the two seasons with respect to variation in habitat variables. Females deposited a mean of 23,226.67 eggs per clutch (N = 10), and snout\u2013vent length did not show any significant effect on the number of eggs. Spawning females lost 27% of their mass when spawning occurred, and the heavier females had greater reproductive output. We found a significantly positive relationship between amplexed male and female snout\u2013vent lengths, indicating size-assortative mating. Females in good body and somatic condition produced larger clutches independent of snout\u2013vent length. Because clutch hydration in ponds occurs, reproductive effort as a function of body loss mass of spawning females is a more appropriate estimate of reproductive output for R. arenarum. Trends in the number of egg strings over several breeding periods can provide information about changes in population size. Long-term studies designed to monitor populations are needed to determine the impacts and consequences of environmental changes.","palabras_clave":"Reproductive Ecology |Rhinella arenarum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113267,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Wildlife vertebrate mortality in roads from Santa Fe Province, Argentina","resumen":"Mortality of vertebrates was monitored on 2 roads (National Road 168; NR168 and Provincial Road 1; PR1) in Santa Fe Province (Argentina) from October 2007 to August 2008. These roads differed in traffic volume and surrounding landscape management conditions. We also investigated the influence of environmental variables (mean monthly air temperature and monthly total rainfall) on the incidence of road kills. Two people monitored the roads on foot (1 000-m line transects), 3 times a month (36 samples per road). We found 2 024 vertebrate road killed specimens representing 61 species (7 amphibians, 15 reptiles, 32 birds, and 7 mammals). The toad Rhinella fernandezae was the most frequently killed species (n = 1307, 64.57%). NR168 had a higher incidence of vertebrate road kills, particularity for amphibians, whereas birds had a higher incidence of road kills on PR1. We found a positive correlation between precipitation and temperature with vertebrate road kills on PR1. We suggest that vertebrate road mortality is a very serious problem for the conservation of the biodiversity in Santa Fe Province-Argentina, therefore implementing mitigation measures will be necessary.","palabras_clave":"ROAD KILLS|VERTEBRATE|SANTA FE|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113268,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Impactos de las rutas sobre la fauna silvestre en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina.","resumen":"Los proyectos viales, desde sus comienzos, han sido considerados como obras que representan un beneficio social y económico para las regiones, mejorando la calidad de vida de los habitantes, por tanto, se constituyen en un elemento importante de desarrollo.En este estudio, se describen los datos sobre la mortalidad de diferentes especies de vertebrados en dos rutas del Departamento La Capital, Santa Fe.","palabras_clave":"fauna silvestre|impacto|rutas|Santa Fe"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113269,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"COMPOSITION OF AMPHIBIAN ASSEMBLAGES IN AGROECOSYSTEMS FROM THE CENTRAL REGION OF ARGENTINA","resumen":"The anuran diversity, abundance, richness and evenness were examined in agroecosystems from the central regionof Argentina, area that was greatly altered by agricultural activities. Relationships with climatic characteristicswere also analyzed. To capture anurans, pitfall trap transects were established. A total of 561 amphibians of sevenspecies, belonging to four families (Bufonidae, Leiuperidae, Cycloramphidae, and Leptodactylidae) were recorded.Stepwise multiple linear regressions showed strong positive association between both species richness andanuran abundance with habitat variables as rainfall and rain-day. The anuran richness observed in the studied areasis similar to other sites with level of alteration comparable, but the anuran richness and abundance observed here islower compared with the records of anuran species for the region before agricultural development. Thus, these resultshave suggested that amphibians may be particularly affected by habitat modification and degradation due toagricultural activities in the central region of Argentina, and it may be contributing to regression of their diversityand richness.","palabras_clave":"agroecosystem|anuran|soybean cropland|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113270,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Combined methods to detect pollution effects on shell shape and structure in Neogastropods","resumen":"Tributyltin (TBT) has been widely used as antifouling in marine environments, producing imposex ingastropod females (i.e. neoformation of a vas deferens and\/or a penis) and shell malformations in bivalves.However, effects of TBT and other pollutants from high marine traffic zones on the shell of gastropodshave been little explored. Shell shape in volutids Odontocymbiola magellanica from a harbor pollutedsite (P) has been compared with that of animals from a non-polluted location (NP) using 3D geometricmorphometrics. Also, the microstructure and density of shells from both populations were analyzed.Prior studies made in the same area (Golfo Nuevo, Patagonia, Argentina) based on traditional multivariatemorphometricsshowedsomedifferences in size butwasunable to detect differences in shell shapeamongO. magellanica from P and NP areas. Departing from 3D geometric morphometrics, scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and computed tomography (CT) techniques, we have registered the presence of patentdifferences on shell shape and structure in animals from polluted (P) and non-polluted (NP) areas. In100% of shells from the NP area we register three calcium carbonate layers (prismatic, cross lamellar andamorphous) and higher densities, while in 50% of the shells collected at the P area the external layer(amorphous) was lacking. Furthermore, a body weight loss of around 30% and a shell weight loss of 20%were registered in animals from the P area. Our combined results suggest that the coordinated use of3D geometrics morphometrics, CT scan and SEM could be of great utility in order to detect the effect ofenvironmental variables on Neogastropods shell shape and structure.","palabras_clave":"GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS|POLUTION|GASTEROPODS|BAHIA NUEVA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113271,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluating microevolutionary models for the early settlement of the New World: The importance of recurrent gene flow with Asia","resumen":"Different scenarios attempting to describe the initial phases of the human dispersal from Asia into the New World have been proposed during the last two decades. However, some aspects concerning the population affinities among early and modern Asians and Native Americans remain controversial. Specifically, contradictory views based mainly on partial evidence such as skull morphology or molecular genetics have led to hypotheses such as the 'Two Waves\/Components' and 'Single Wave' or 'Out of Beringia' model, respectively. Alternatively, an integrative scenario considering both morphological and molecular variation has been proposed and named as the 'Recurrent Gene Flow' hypothesis. This scenario considers a single origin for all the Native Americans, and local, within-continent evolution plus the persistence of contact among Circum-Arctic groups. Here we analyze 2D geometric morphometric data to evaluate the associations between observed craniometric distance matrix and different geographic design matrices reflecting distinct scenarios for the peopling of the New World using basic and partial Mantel tests. Additionally, we calculated the rate of morphological differentiation between Early and Late American samples under the different settlement scenarios and compared our findings to the predicted morphological differentiation under neutral conditions. Also, we incorporated in our analyses some variants of the classical Single Wave and Two Waves models as well as the Recurrent Gene Flow model. Our results suggest a better explanatory performance of the Recurrent Gene Flow model, and provide additional insights concerning affinities among Asian and Native American Circum-Arctic groups. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","palabras_clave":"GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS|SKULL SHAPE|SETTLEMENT MODELS|QUANTITATIVE GENETICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113272,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional Cooperation between BiP and Calreticulin in the Folding Maturation of a Glycoprotein in Trypanosoma cruzi","resumen":"Proteins may adopt diverse conformations during their folding in vivo, ranging from extended chains when they emerge from the ribosome to compact intermediates near the end of the folding process. Accordingly, a variety of chaperones and folding assisting enzymes have evolved to deal with this diversity. Chaperone selection by a particular substrate depends on the structural features of its folding intermediates. In addition, this process may be modulated by competitive effects between chaperones. Hereweaddress this issue by using TcrCATL as model substrate. TcrCATL is an abundant Trypanosoma cruzi lysosomal protease and it was the first identified endogenous UDP-Glc:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) substrate. We found that TcrCATL associated sequentially with BiP and calreticulin (CRT) during its folding process. Early, extended conformations were bound to BiP, while more advanced and compact folding intermediates associated to CRT. The interaction between TcrCATL and CRT was impeded by deletion of the UGGT-encoding gene but, similarly to what was observed in wild type cells, in mutant cells TcrCATL associated to BiP only when displaying extended conformations. The absence of TcrCATL\u2013CRT interactions in UGGT null cells resulted in a drastic reduction of TcrCATL folding efficiency and triggered the aggregation of TcrCATL through intermolecular disulfide bonds. These observations show that BiP and CRT activities complement each other to supervise a complete and efficient TcrCATL folding process. The present report provides further evidence on the early evolutionary acquisition of the basic tenets of the N-glycan dependent quality control mechanism of glycoprotein folding.","palabras_clave":"cruzipain|calreticulin|BiP|quality control"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113273,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Detailed analysis of water structure in a solvent mediated electron tunneling mechanism","resumen":"This work aims at describing the water structure characteristics that influence the electron transfer superexchange mechanism by explicitly calculating the solvent mediated conductance between the donor and acceptor in a generic pair. The method employed here is based on thenon-equilibrium Green function formalism for calculating the conductance over solvent trajectories previously determined by molecular dynamics methods. A non-exponential dependence of the conductance is observed with respect to the distance between the donor and the acceptor. Local fluctuations of the solvent structure are responsible for the non-monotonic dependence, mainly due to the formation of solvent bridges that act as a molecular wire connecting the sites. This shortcutting phenomenon is observed for certain ranges of distances between the donor and acceptor in the pair. Charge on the sites strongly affects the local solvent structure and causes qualitative changes in the distance dependence of the tunneling probability.","palabras_clave":"conductancia molecular|funciones de green|dinámica molecular|solventes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113274,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Religión, sexualidad y política en la Argentina: intervenciones católicas y evangélicas en torno al aborto y el matrimonio igualitario","resumen":"La propuesta de este trabajo es reconstruir las intervenciones que en nombre de la religión católica y de la religión evangélica, operan en el debate público sobre los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en la Argentina actual. El objetivo principal es identificar y analizar estas modalidades de actuación y su grado de incidencia política y social para, de este modo, avanzar sobre las posibilidades y obstáculos que presenta la idea de un Estado laico en nuestro país. Particularmente, nos concentraremos en las intervenciones católicas y evangélicas en la agenda vernácula de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos, haciendo foco especialmente en los debates acerca del aborto y del matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo.","palabras_clave":"RELIGIÓN|SEXUALIDAD|POLÍTICA|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113275,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Strategy for Data Stream Processing Based on Measurement Metadata: An Outpatient Monitoring Scenario","resumen":"In this work we discuss SDSPbMM, an integrated Strategy for Data Stream Processing based on Measurement Meta- data, applied to an outpatient monitoring scenario. The measures associated to the attributes of the patient (entity) un- der monitoring, come from heterogeneous data sources as data streams, together with metadata associated with the formal definition of a measurement and evaluation project. Such metadata supports the patient analysis and monitoring in a more consistent way, facilitating for instance: 1) The early detection of problems typical of data such as missing values, outliers, among others; and 2) The risk anticipation by means of on-line classification models adapted to the patient. We also performed a simulation using a prototype developed for outpatient monitoring, in order to analyze empirically processing times and variable scalability, which shed light on the feasibility of applying the prototype to real situations. In addition, we analyze statistically the results of the simulation, in order to detect the components which incorporate more variability to the system.","palabras_clave":"MEASUREMENT|DATA STREAM PROCESSING|C-INCAMI|STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113276,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antibodies against the Trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal P proteins induce apoptosis in HL-1 cardiac cells","resumen":"High levels of antibodies (Abs) against the C-terminal end of the Trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal P2b protein, defined by the R13 peptide, are detected in sera from patients with chronic Chagas heart disease (cChHD). These Abs can cross-react with the b1-adrenergic receptor (b1-AR), inducing a functional response in cardiomyocytes. In this study, we report that a monoclonal Ab against the R13 peptide, called mAb 17.2, and its single chain Fv fragment (scFv), C5, caused apoptosis of murine adult cardiac HL-1 cells, and this effect was inhibited by pre-incubation with the  b-blocker, propranolol. In addition, apoptosis induced by mAb 17.2 might involve the mitochondrial pathway evidenced by an increase in pro-apoptotic molecule, Bax\/anti-apoptotic molecule, BclXL, mRNA levels. HL-1 cells also underwent apoptosis after incubation with nine of 23 IgGs from cChHD patients (39.1%) that presented reactivity against R13 peptide and b1-AR. The apoptotic effect caused by these IgGs was partially abolished by pre-incubation with R13 peptide or propranolol, suggesting the involvement of the C-terminal end of ribosomal P proteins and the  b-adrenergic pathway. Moreover, we observed high rates of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in two tissue samples from cChHD patients by using a TUNEL assay and staining of active caspase-3. Our data demonstrate that Abs developed during T. cruzi infection have a strong cardiomyocyte apoptosis inducing ability, which could contribute to the heart disease developed in patients with cChHD.      &nbsp;","palabras_clave":"CHAGAS DISEASE|RIBOSOMAL P PROTEINS|APOPTOSIS|AUTOANTIBODIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113277,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"siARN y shARN: Aspectos básicos y aplicados. Su uso como agentes terapeúticos","resumen":"La interferencia del ARN es un fenómeno por el cual pequeñas moléculas de ARN doble cadena inhiben la expresión génica de manera secuencia específica. Esta vía se encuentra altamente conservada en los organismos eucariotas. Existen varios tipos de ARN interferentes, entre ellos se encuentran los shARN (del inglés short hairping RNA) que a su vez, dan lugar a los siARN (del inglés  small interfering RNA). La activación de esta vía de manera exógena constituye una estrategia prometedora para el tratamiento de múltiples enfermedades humanas tales como el cáncer, las infecciones virales, las enfermedades autoinmunes y neurodegenerativas. En el presente artículo se realiza ladescripción de estas pequeñas moléculas, así como también de la vía involucrada y cuáles son los efectos de su activación. También se explican los problemas que presenta su aplicación y las perspectivas de su uso como agentes terapéuticos.","palabras_clave":"iARN|siARN|shARN|SILENCIAMIENTO GENICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113278,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Outbreaks of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MDR Strains Induce  High IL-17 T-Cell Response in Patients With MDR Tuberculosis That Is Closely Associated With High Antigen Load","resumen":"BACKGROUND:  The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 17 (IL-17) plays an important role in immune responses but it is also associated with tissue-damaging inflammation. So, we evaluated the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates to induce IL-17 in tuberculosis (TB) patients and in healthy human tuberculin reactors (PPD(+)HD).  METHODS:  IL-17, interferon &#947; (IFN-&#947;), and interleukin 23 (IL-23) receptor expression were evaluated ex vivo and cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from TB and PPD(+)HD stimulated with irradiated clinical isolates from multidrug resistant (MDR) outbreaks M (Haarlem family) and Ra (Latin American-Mediterranean family), as well as drug-susceptible isolates belonging to the same families and laboratory strain H37Rv for 48 hours in T-cell subsets by flow cytometry.  RESULTS:  We observed that: (1) MDR strains M and Ra are stronger IL-17 inducers than drug-susceptible Mtb strains of the Haarlem and Latin American-Mediterranean families, (2) MDR-TB patients show the highest IL-17 expression that is independent on the strain, (3) IL-17 expression is dependent on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells associates with persistently high antigen load.  CONCLUSIONS:  IL-17--producing T cells could play an immunopathological role in MDR-TB promoting severe tissue damage, which may be associated with the low effectiveness of the second-line drugs employed in the treatment.","palabras_clave":"MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS|IL-17|IMMUNE RESPONSE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113279,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Volatile organic compounds from rhizobacteria increase biosynthesis of essential oils and growth parameters in peppermint (Mentha piperita)","resumen":"a b s t r a c tVolatile organic compounds (VOCs), characterized by low molecular weight and high vapor pressure, areproduced by all organisms as part of normal metabolism, and play important roles in communicationwithin and between organisms. We examined the effects of VOCs released by three species of plantgrowth-promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Azospirillum brasilense) ongrowth parameters and composition of essential oils (EO) in the aromatic plant Mentha piperita(peppermint). The bacteria and plants were grown on the same Petri dish, but were separated bya physical barrier such that the plants were exposed only to VOCs but not to solutes from the bacteria.Growth parameters of plants exposed to VOCs of P. fluorescens or B. subtilis were significantly higher thanthose of controls or A. brasilense-treated plants. Production of EOs (monoterpenes) was increased 2-foldin P. fluorescens-treated plants. Two major EOs, (þ)pulegone and ()menthone, showed increasedbiosynthesis in P. fluorescens-treated plants. Menthol in A. brasilense-treated plants was the only majorEO that showed a significant decrease. These findings suggest that VOCs of rhizobacteria, besidesinducing biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, affect pathway flux or specific steps of monoterpenemetabolism. Bacterial VOCs are a rich source for new natural compounds that may increase cropproductivity and EO yield of this economically important plant species.","palabras_clave":"aromatic plants|mentha piperita|rhizobacteria|voc"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113280,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant activity of essential oil of oregano species from Argentina in relation to their chemical composition","resumen":"The purpose of this work was to determine chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil of different oregano species from Argentina: Cordobes, Criollo, Mendocino, and Compacto. The essential oil composition was determined by GC-MS. Scavenging activity was analyzed by DPPH test. The antioxidant activity of the essential oils was determined by an accelerated oxidation test in canola oil. Thirty nine compounds were identified in the oregano essential oils. The oregano species showed differences in their chemical composition, radical scavenging activity, and antioxidant activity. The main compounds in the studied oregano species were thymol and trans-sabinene hydrate followed by gama-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, and alfa-terpinene. The oregano, Criollo was rich in gama-terpinene and had lower thymol and trans-sabinene hydrate and higher á-terpinene and carvacrol contents than the other oregano species. Mendocino had higher trans-sabinene hydrate and limonene than the other oregano species. Cordobes and Compacto had higher thymol content, radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity in canola oil.","palabras_clave":"OREGANO|ANTIOXIDANT|ESSENCE|LIPID"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113281,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Composition and Anti-insect Activity of Essential Oils from Tagetes L. Species (Asteraceae, Helenieae) on Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann and Triatoma infestans Klug","resumen":"Essential oils from four species of the genus Tagetes L. (Asteraceae, Helenieae) collected in Tucuman province, Argentina, were evaluated for their chemical composition, toxicity, and olfactory activity on Mediterranean fruit &#64258;y Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann adults and for repellent properties on Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Chagas disease vector). Yields of essential oils range from 0.2 to 0.8% (v\/w). The same main constituents among Tagetes minuta L., Tagestes rupestris Cabrera, and Tagetes terni&#64258;ora Kunth, (cistrans)-ocimenes, (cistrans)-tagetones, and (cistrans)-ocimenones showed important di&#64256;erences in their relative  compositions. Tagetes &#64257;lifolia Lag. was characterized by the recognized phenylpropanoids methylchavicol and trans-anethole as the main components. LD50 was e20 &#956;g\/insect in topical bioassays. T. rupestris was the most toxic to C. capitata females, whereas the other oils presented similar toxicities against males and females. Tagetes rupestris oil attracted both sexes of C. capitata at 5 &#956;g,whereas T. minuta showed opposite activities between males (attractant) and females (repellent). Oils from T. minuta and T. &#64257;lifolia were the most repellent to T. infestans. The results suggest that compositions of essential oils in&#64258;uence their insecticidal and olfactory properties. The essential oils from Tagetes species show an important potential as infochemical agents on insects? behaviors. This study highlights the chemical variability of essential oils as a source of variation of anti-insect properties.","palabras_clave":"TAGETES|ESSENTIAL OILS|INFOCHEMICALS|ATTRACTANT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113282,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electromagnetic properties of manganese-zinc ferrite with lithium substitution","resumen":"Polycrystalline manganese-zinc ferrite with lithium  substitution of composition Li0.5xMn0.4Zn0.6-xFe2+0.5xO4  (0.0£ x £0.4) were prepared by the usual ceramic method. X-ray  diffraction analysis confirmed that the samples have a spinel structure and are single-phase for  some values of Li content. Lithium doping considerably modifies saturation magnetization since its  value increases from 57.5 emu\/g for x=0.0 to 82.9 emu\/g for x=0.4. Lithium inclusion increases the real permeability (over 1MHz) while the  natural resonance frequency shifts to lower values as the fraction of Li  increases. These ferrites show good  electromagnetic properties as absorbers in the microwave range of 1MHz-1GHz. ","palabras_clave":"MnZn FERRITES|MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES|LITHIUM SUBSTITUTION|EM-WAVE ABSORBERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113283,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of distorted Y xLa1-xFeO3: Effects of mechanochemical activation and composition","resumen":"    The influence of mechanochemical treatment  on the synthesis and properties of YxLa1&#8722;xFeO3 (0 &#8804; x &#8804; 1)  orthoferrites is studied. Solid mixtures of the corresponding metal oxides were  treated in a high-energy ball-mill. X-ray diffraction revealed that during the  milling the disappearance of the reactants and a fast conversion to  orthoferrite phase take place. Magnetic measurements showed a weak  ferromagnetic behavior of the obtained materials, observing higher magnetization  for larger x. The activated powders heated at 600 and  800 &#9702;C  showed a progressive crystalline ordering together with a significant drop of magnetization.  Thermal treatments at 1000 &#9702;C produced the formation of the phase Y3Fe5O12 for the samples richer  in yttrium, increasing the magnetization. Rietveld refinements of the  diffraction patterns and dynamical scanning calorimetry were used respectively  to determine the lattice parameters and Néel temperatures for the formed  orthoferrites. The effect of the composition on the structure and magnetic behavior  is discussed.","palabras_clave":"MECHANOCHEMISTRY|INORGANIC COMPOUNDS|OXIDES|MAGNETIC PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113284,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aspectos ecológicos de la regeneración por semillas en bosques nativos de Nothofagus antarctica en Patagonia Sur, Argentina","resumen":"Se discute la problemática de la regeneración por semillas en la especie Nothofagus antarctica en Patagonia Sur.","palabras_clave":"Nothofagus antarctica|Ñire|semillas|regeneración"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113285,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Taxonomic and non taxonomic responses to ecological changes in an urban lowland stream through the use of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae","resumen":"a b s t r a c t6 Article history:7 Received 7 May 20108 Received in revised form 29 December 20109 Accepted 5 January 201110 Available online xxxx1112314 Keywords:15 Chironomidae diversity16 Chironomus calligraphus17 Mentum deformities18 Sublethal effects19 Environmental degradation20 Surveillance toolBiotic descriptors ? both taxonomic (diversity indices, species richness, and indicator species) and 21nontaxonomic (biomass, oxygen consumption\/production, and anatomical deformities) ? are useful tools 22for measuring a stream's ecological condition. Nontaxonomic parameters detect critical effects not reflected 23taxonomically. We analyzed changes in Chironomidae populations as taxonomic parameters and mentum 24deformities as a nontaxonomic parameter for evaluating a South-American-plains stream (Argentina). We 25performed samplings seasonally (March, June, September, and December; 2005) and physical and chemical 26measurements at three sampling sites of the stream (DC1 at river source, through DC3 downstream). The 27specimens collected in sediment and vegetation were analyzed to investigate mouth deformities in 28Chironomidae larvae. We identified a total of 9 taxa from Chironomidae and Orthocladiinae subfamilies. 29Shannon's diversity index for Chironomidae decreased from1.6 bits ind 30 &#8722;1 (DC1) to 0.3 bits ind&#8722;1 (DC3). Thetotal density of the Chironomidae exhibited a great increase in abundance at site DC3, especially that of 31Chironomus calligraphus. Chironomidae taxonomic composition also changed among the three sites despite 32their spatial proximity: C. calligraphus, Goeldichironomus holoprasinus, Parachironomus longistilus, and 33Polypedilum were present at all three; Corynoneura and Paratanytarsu at DC1 only; Cricotopus at DC1 and 34DC3; Apedilum elachistus notably at DC2 and DC3; and Parametriocnemus only at DC2. C. calligraphus 35individuals from DC1 showed no mentum deformities; only 2 from DC2 exhibited mouth-structure 36alterations; while specimens from DC3 presented the most abnormalities, especially during autumn and late 37winter. Type-II deformities (supernumerary teeth and gaps) were the most common. Anatomical deformities 38are sublethal effects representing an early alert to chemically caused environmental degradation. Mentum 39deformities in benthic-Chironomidae larvae constitute an effective biological-surveillance tool for detecting 40adverse conditions in sediments and evaluating sediment-quality-criteria compliance. Taxonomic (commu- 41nity composition) and nontaxonomic (condition of larval mouth parts) descriptors, used together, can 42indicate a stream's ecological state. 43© 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. 44","palabras_clave":"Chironomus calligraphus|environmental degradation|sublethal effects,|mentum deformities,"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113286,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Co\/ZrO2 catalysts coated on cordierite monoliths for CO preferential oxidation","resumen":"Cordierite monoliths washcoated with Co\/ZrO2 catalysts were studied for the CO preferential oxidation reaction (COProx). CO oxidation experiments (COTox) were also performed for the sake of comparison. Different procedures were employed to prepare the structured catalysts, using Nyacol and\/or monoclinic powder as ZrO2 sources. The slurries used to perform the washcoatings were prepared with different solid concentrations and different solvents in order to study the influence of these conditions on catalytic activity and mechanical stability. Among the monolithic catalysts under study, the one prepared with Nyacol showed the higher activity for the preferential oxidation of CO (PROx), yielding 95% of CO conversion and 60% of selectivity at 230 &#9702;C. Only a small deactivation was observed during 100 h of time-on-stream. The better catalytic performance of this catalyst could be ascribed to the more open structure of the ZrO2 coating, which favored the diffusion process of the reactives towards the active sites. LRS characterization of powder and monolithic catalysts showed the formation of the spinel Co3O4 phase which exhibited a high redox capacity, an important property for CO oxidation reaction. EDX characterization also showed an even distribution of the cobalt oxide in monolithic samples. However, UV\u2013vis spectroscopy results suggest that the spinel was not well developed, and that the formation of a pre-spinel structure containing Co2+ species in octahedral coordination probably occurred. Nevertheless, TPR results indicate that the Co3O4 phase can be totally reduced at relatively low temperatures","palabras_clave":"Co\/ZrO2|Monolithic catalysts|CO preferential oxidation|Co3O4"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113287,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"AgNaMordenite catalysts for hydrocarbon adsorption and deNOx processes","resumen":"Silver catalysts were prepared by ion exchange of NaMordenite with 5, 10 and 15 wt% Ag. Various characterization techniques such as TPR, UV\u2013vis and XPS indicated the presence of small particles of highly dispersed Ag2O together with isolated Ag+ cations located in a, band g exchange sites of NaMOR. The formation of clusters of cationic silver (Agnm+) was also considered.The prepared samples were active in the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx in the presence of toluene or butane as reducing agents, excess oxygen and 2% H2O. The solid with 15 wt% Ag was the most active one in the presence of water, reaching a maximum conversion of NOx to N2 of 47.5% or 51.2% when butane or toluene were respectively used. Under dry conditions, the maximum conversion of NO had an optimum between 5 and 10 wt% Ag for both hydrocarbons.The NaMOR support showed a higher adsorption capacity than the exchanged samples with both hydrocarbons. For the silver loaded solids, the toluene adsorption capacity at 100ºC increased with the increase of the metal content. In contrast, the amount of butane adsorbed was similar for the different contents of Ag. Consequently, silver has two opposite effects: one is the partial obstruction of the mordenite channels, as seen by the loss of crystallinity and the decrease of surface area and pore volume; and the other effect is the chemical interaction that depends on the nature of the adsorbed hydrocarbon.The interaction between toluene and Ag+ ions is stronger with the p-electrons of the aromatic ring of the toluene molecule than with the p-electrons of the linear chain of butane. For this reason, toluene is retained at higher temperatures than butane. In addition, between 300 and 500 &#9702;C, the appearance of signals corresponding to H2, CO2 and H2O is observed during the TPD of toluene. This indicates that the toluene decomposition occurs, producing coke and hydrogen. Most probably, the generation of CO2 and H2O is a consequence of the reduction of Ag2O particles with toluene.","palabras_clave":"Toluene adsorption|Butane adsorption|SCR-NOx|AgNaMordenite"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113288,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adsorption and diffusion of toluene on Na and Cs mordenites for hydrocarbon traps","resumen":"In this work, we report results of toluene adsorption on Cs-exchanged Na mordenite with different Csloadings. Breakthrough curves were obtained, from which adsorption capacities at different gas phaseconcentration and temperatures could be calculated. Temperature-programmed desorption experimentswere used in order to assess the strength of toluene\u2013zeolite interactions. Pulse chromatographic experimentscombined with moment analysis allowed us to obtain adsorption and diffusion constants.The results show that the addition of a small amount of Cs (2 wt%) produces an increase in both thetoluene adsorption capacity and the interaction strength. A higher amount of Cs (up to 19 wt%) alsoresults in an increase of the toluene\u2013zeolite interaction strength, but the adsorption capacity decreasesdue to steric effects. Pulse chromatographic experiments show that the diffusion coefficient of tolueneincreases with the increase of the Cs loading, which is probably a consequence of the increase of theexternal surface of the mordenite crystals. For the different samples, diffusion coefficients vary in the1014\u20131017 cm2 s1 range with activation energies between 55 and 65 kJ mol1.","palabras_clave":"ADSORPTION|DIFUSSION|TOLUENE|BASICITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113289,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison of the viscosity of trehalose and sucrose solutions at various temperatures and effect of guar gum addition","resumen":"The viscosity of trehalose and sucrose solutions was measured and compared as well as the effect ofadding guar gum. Viscosity measurements of trehalose and sucrose solutions were performed in therange 20e45 g\/100 g; 0.1 g guar gum\/100 g was added in mixed systems. Viscosity of trehalose orsucrose solutions was measured at 20, 27 and 34 C. Trehalose solutions had always a higher viscositythan sucrose, with the biggest difference (p &lt; 0.001) in the range 30-45 g\/100 g. Addition of guar gumrevealed a synergistic effect with both disaccharides, particularly for trehalose. Viscosity dependence ontemperature was also analyzed by calculating activation energies for all systems studied.","palabras_clave":"TREHALOSE|SUCROSE|VISCOSITY|TEMPERATURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113290,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid immobilized on zirconium oxide obtained by the sol-gel method as catalyst in paraben synthesis","resumen":"The parabens, alkylic esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, were synthesized using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid immobilized on zirconium oxide (zirconia) as catalyst. The oxide was obtained by the sol\u2013gel method, using urea as a pore-forming agent. After removing urea by extraction with water, the solid was dried and then calcined at 100, 205, 310 and 425 ºC for 24 h. Afterward, it was impregnated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in toluene at reflux and leached to remove the weakly adsorbed acid. Mesoporous materials were obtained, whose mean pore diameter increased with the temperature of the thermal treatment of the support, while the specific surface area and the amount of acid bonded to the support decreased. The samples are crystalline from 400 ºC and are thermally stable up to 250 ºC. The catalysts have strong acidity and the number of acid sites decreased with the acid content in the support. The catalytic activity in the synthesis of propyl paraben, expressed as moles of ester formed at 5 h\/mol acid in the catalyst, decreased when samples obtained from supports thermally treated at higher temperature were used. The activity also slightly diminished for the synthesis of different parabens in the order propyl &gt; ethyl &gt; methyl ester.","palabras_clave":"Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid|Zirconium oxide|Catalyst|Parabens"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113291,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"2-Methoxynaphthalene acylation using aluminum or copper salts of tungstophosphoric and tungstosilicic acids as catalysts","resumen":"Aluminum or copper salts of the tungstophosphoric (TPA) and tungstosilicic (TSA) acids were synthesized. They present interesting characteristics as catalysts because they can have Lewis and\/or Brønsted acidity. The salts were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, measurement of the specific surface area BET, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and estimation of the acidity by potentiometric titration with n-butylamine. The salts keep the Keggin structure of the [PW12O40]3- and [SiW12O40]4- heteropolyanions intact during the synthesis. The salts of&nbsp; TPA are thermally more stable than those of TSA. All the salts showed very strong acid sites by potentiometric titration, the acid strength being higher for the Al3+ salts. The salts also showed an excellent catalytic behavior in the reaction of 2- methoxynaphthalene acylation with acetic anhydride, and the principal product is 1- acetyl-2-methoxynaphthalene. The aluminum salts led to better yields, which are correlated with their higher acidity. Also, it was observed that the solvent nature has an effect on the attained conversion.","palabras_clave":"Tungstophosphates|Tungstosilicates|Aluminum|Copper|2-methoxynaphthalene|Acylation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113292,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of the thermal treatment on the physicochemical properties and photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous solutions with tungstophosphoric acid-modified mesoporous titania","resumen":"Materials based on titania directly modified with tungstophosphoric acid were prepared using titanium isopropoxide as titania precursor and urea as a low-cost pore-forming agent. The obtained mesoporous solids presented an average pore diameter higher than 3.1 nm. The specific surface area decreased when the TPA amount and the calcination temperature increased. All the modified solids only showed the anatase structure of titania by X-ray diffraction, while for the unmodified sample this structure was transformed into the rutile phase from 600 ºC on. The crystallite size increased with the calcination temperature, though the TPA-modified samples presented lower values when the TPA amount was increased. The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance studies showed that the Keggin structure of the tungstophosphate anion was partially transformed when it was thermally treated up to 600 ºC, though structure disruption took place at higher temperature. The band gap values estimated from the UV-vis-diffuse reflectance spectra did not show important variation, though they slightly decreased with the TPA content. The 4-chlorophenol degradation was studied in liquid phase, with an air flow continuously bubbled. The degradation behavior of the catalysts as a function of time depended on the TPA amount and the thermal treatment temperature, the samples containing 30 % TPA calcined at 500\u2013600 ºC and 20 % TPA calcined at 600 ºC being more effective. The apparent reaction constant, estimated assuming a pseudo-first-order kinetics, followed the same trend. The catalysts can be reused at least three times without an important decrease in the degradation and mineralization degrees.","palabras_clave":"Mesoporous titania|Tungstophosphoric acid|4-chlorophenol|Photocatalytic degradation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113293,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Transgressive dunefield landforms and vegetation associations, Doña Juana, Veracruz, Mexico","resumen":"Transgressive dune fields often comprise a multiplicity of landforms where vegetation processes largely affect landform dynamics, which in turn, also affect vegetation processes. These associations have seldom been studied in detail. This paper examines four separate landform types in a complex coastal transgressive dunefield located in the central Gulf of Mexico, in order to assess the relationships between dunefield habitat, local environmental factors, vegetation associations and landform evolution. Topographic surveys using tape and clinometer were conducted in conjunction with vegetation survey transects at four locations across the Doña Juana dunefield. Vegetation surveys allowed the estimation of relative plant cover of each plant species found along the transects. A large variety of landforms were found at the Doña Juana Dunefield: deflation plains, gegenwalle (counter) ridges, transverse dune trailing ridges, blowouts and parabolic dunes, aklé (fish-scale shaped) dunefields and precipitation ridges, with plant species associations developing on these different landforms equally variable. Flood tolerant species were located in the lower parts (deflation plain and gegenwalle ridges) whereas the older and dryer parts were covered by coastal matorral shrubs. Burial-tolerant species were dominant in the most mobile areas (blowouts and aklé dunefield and margin). The dune trailing ridge, with relatively milder conditions, showed the highest richness, with no dominant species. A dual interaction was found such that colonizing species both create and affect topography, and in turn, topography determines vegetation association and succession patterns. In coastal dunes, the vegetation and abiotic environment (namely the different landforms and the inherent micronevironmental variability) interact tightly and generate a complex and highly dynamic biogeomorphic system where substrate mobility and colonization processes reinforce one another in positive feedback.","palabras_clave":"COASTAL DUNES|GEOMORPHOLOGY|COLONIZING SPECIES|HETEROGENEITY|VERACRUZ, MEXICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113294,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Age, growth and mortality in the giant snail Adelomelon beckii (Broderip 1836) on the Argentinean shelf","resumen":"The marine subtidal volutid snail Adelomelon beckii was studied in order to obtain their population dynamics, particularly on growth, age, mortality and production. Stable oxygen isotope ratios confirmed semiannual formation of internal growth marks. A von Bertalanffy growth model fitted 308 size-at-age data pairs. A. beckii potential lifespan in Mar del Plata (Argentina) region is 29 years, being rather long lived compared to other large gastropods. Total mortality Z and natural mortality M were calculated to be 0.210 y&#8722;1 and 0.081 y&#8722;1 respectively. Fishing mortality F amounts to 0.129 y&#8722;1 corresponding to an exploitation rate E of 0.614, a value much beyond the optimum rate of 0.427. The current exploitation regime will be unsustainable in the long run unless a proper management approach establishes.","palabras_clave":"MARINE GASTROPOD|AGE|GROWTH|MORTALITY|PRODUCTION|FISHERIES MANAGEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113295,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pointed Hopf algebras over the sporadic simple groups","resumen":"We show that every finite-dimensional complex pointed Hopf algebra with group of group-likes isomorphic to a sporadic group is a group algebra, except for the Fischer group Fi22, the Baby Monster and the Monster. For these three groups, we give a short list of irreducible Yetter\u2013Drinfeld modules whose Nichols algebra is not known to be finite-dimensional.","palabras_clave":"Pointed Hopf algebras|Nichols algebras|Racks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113296,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The logbook of Pointed Hopf algebras over the sporadic simple groups","resumen":"In this paper we give details of the proofs performed with GAP of the theorems of our paper [N. Andruskiewitsch, F. Fantino, M. Graña, L. Vendramin, Pointed Hopf algebras over the sporadic simple groups, J. Algebra 325 (1) (2011) 305\u2013320].","palabras_clave":"Pointed Hopf algebras|Nichols algebras|Racks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113297,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras with alternating groups are trivial","resumen":"It is shown that Nichols algebras over alternating groups Am (m &#8805; 5) are infinite dimensional. This proves that any complex finite dimensional pointed Hopf algebra with group of group-likes isomorphic to Am is isomorphic to the group algebra. In a similar fashion, it is shown that the Nichols algebras over the symmetric groups Sm are all infinite-dimensional, except maybe those related to the transpositions considered in Fomin and Kirillov (Progr Math 172:146\u2013182, 1999), and the class of type (2, 3) in S5. We also show that any simple rack X arising from a symmetric group, with the exception of a small list, collapse, in the sense that the Nichols algebra B(X, q) is infinite dimensional, q an arbitrary cocycle.","palabras_clave":"POINTED HOPF ALGEBRAS|NICHOLS ALGEBRAS|RACKS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113298,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Associated expression of FGFR-2 and FGFR-3: From mouse mammary gland physiology to human breast cancer","resumen":"        Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are tyrosine kinase  receptors which have been implicated in breast cancer. The goal of this study  was to evaluate FGFR-1, -2, -3 and -4 protein expressions in normal murine  mammary gland development, and in murine and human breast carcinomas. Using  immunohistochemistry and Western blot, we report a hormonal regulation of FGFR  during postnatal mammary gland development. Progestin treatment of adult virgin  mammary glands resulted in changes in localization of FGFR-3 from the cytoplasm  to the nucleus while treatment with 17-&#946;-estradiol induced changes in the  expression and\/or localization of FGFR-2 and FGFR-3. In murine mammary  carcinomas showing different degrees of hormone dependence, we found a  progestin-induced increased expression, mainly of FGFR-2 and -3. These receptors  were constitutively activated, in hormone independent variants. We studied  three luminal human breast cancer cell lines growing as xenografts, which  particularly expressed FGFR-2 and -3, suggesting a correlation between hormonal  status and FGFR expression. Most importantly, in breast cancer samples from 58  patients we found a strong association (P&lt;0.01; Spearman correlation)  between FGFR-2 and FGFR-3 expression and a weaker correlation of each receptor  with estrogen receptor expression. FGFR-4 correlated with c-erbB2 over  expression. We conclude that FGFR-2 and -3 may be mechanistically linked and  can be potential targets for treatment of estrogen receptor positive breast  cancer patients.","palabras_clave":"Fibroblast growth factor receptors|Mouse mammary gland"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113299,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Higher apoptotic state in Fabry disease peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Effect of globotriaosylceramide","resumen":"Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) due to deficiency of the enzyme &#945;-galactosidaseA, resulting in intracellular deposition of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). Accumulation of Gb3 is probablyrelated to tissue and organ dysfunctions. Diverse pathological mechanisms are elicited in LSDs, givingtogether the phenotypic expression of each disease. The purpose of the present study is to investigate ifapoptosis could play a role in Fabry disease pathogenesis and to understand the mechanisms involved in theproapoptotic state. We have demonstrated that Fabry disease peripheral blood mononuclear cells display ahigher apoptotic state, which is reduced by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), and is mediated, at least inpart, by activation of the intrinsic pathway of caspases. We could rule out the implication of \u201Cunfolded proteinresponse-ER stress\u201D in this apoptotic process. To further confirm the suggestion that Gb3 is associated toapoptotic cell death, we treated normal cells with Gb3 at concentrations found in Fabry patients. Addition ofGb3 resulted in a dose-dependent induction of apoptosis involving the intrinsic pathway. In summary, PBMCfrom Fabry patients display a higher apoptotic state, which could be mainly related to elevated Gb3.","palabras_clave":"ENFERMEDAD DE FABRY|APOPTOSIS|GLOBOTRIAOSILCERAMIDA|CELULAS MONONUCLEARES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113300,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reliability of enzyme assays in dried blood spots for diagnosis of 4 lysosomal storage disorders","resumen":"Introduction: Lysosomal  storage disorders (LSD) are inherited diseases caused, in the majority of them,  by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymatic activities. Ob-jectives: We aimed to  analyze the usefulness of DBS samples for diagnosis of 4 LSDs, with the  availability of a large quantity of patient samples. Design and methods: Blood  samples from previously diagnosed patients with Fabry, Gaucher, Hunter, and  Maro-teaux-Lamy syndromes and normal control indi-viduals, were collected and  dispen-sed in filter paper, and used for enzymatic activity determination. Re-sults:  Diagnosis of hemi\/homo-zygous patients with Fabry, Hunter and Maroteaux-Lamy  diseases using DBS samples showed ideal parameters of 100% sen-sitivity and  specificity. DBS assay for Gaucher dis-ease would need a posterior confirmatory  step. Con-clusions: Leukocyte measu-rement is the only reli-able way to  diagnose Gaucher disease. For Hunter, Fabry and Maroteaux-Lamy disorders  discrimina-tion between patients and controls seems adequate by DBS","palabras_clave":"LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISORDERS|DIAGNOSIS|DRIED BLOOD SPOTS|SENSITIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113301,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cellular and Molecular actions displayed by Estrone on Vascular Endothelium","resumen":"In this work we provide evidence that estrone 'per se' modulates cellular endothelial growth and survival, events that play key roles in the development of vascular disease. Moreover, under oxidative stress conditions the hormone prevented apoptosis triggered&nbsp; by hydrogen peroxide.&nbsp; Although estrone did not affect E-selectin and VCAM-1 mRNAs synthesis, the hormone prevented the expression of these adhesion molecules induced&nbsp; by the proinflammatory agent LPS. The steroid partially attenuated leukocyte adhesion not only under basal conditions but also in the presence of LPS. Using ICI182780 compound as estrogen receptor antagonist, and PD98059 as MAPK inhibitor we obtained evidence that the mitogenic action of estrone involved the participation of ER and MAPK transduction pathway activation. The presence of estradiol impaired the effect of estrone on cell proliferation and vasoactive production. These results suggest that estrone exhibits a remarkable biological action on endothelial cells, modulating vasoactive production, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell adhesion events. ","palabras_clave":"ESTRONE|APOPTOSIS|CELL PROLIFERATION|ADHESION MOLECULES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113302,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Experiencia de campo en la población afrodescendiente de Tocaña, Bolivia","resumen":"Este trabajo relata la experiencia del trabajo de campo realizada en la comunidadde Tocaña, Nor Yungas, Bolivia, localidad donde se registra una alta densidad depoblación afrodescendiente. La comunidad fue visitada por las autoras en dos ocasiones,durante 3 y 12 días respectivamente, en el marco de la realización de un proyecto deinvestigación cuyo objetivo es el estudio de la procedencia de los antecesores africanosde los pobladores, a partir de datos genealógicos, demográficos y biológicos. Este es elrelato de las observaciones y sucesos que acontecieron durante el transcurso de lapráctica de campo.","palabras_clave":"AFROSUDAMERICANOS|ANTROPOGENETICA|ANCESTRIA|TOCAÑA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113303,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aridity changes in the Temperate-Mediterranean transition of the Andes since AD 1346 reconstructed from tree-rings","resumen":"Abstract The Andes Cordillera acts as regional ??Water Towers?? for several countries and encompasses a wide range of ecosystems and climates. Several hydroclimatic changes have been described for portions of the Andes during recent years, including glacier retreat, negative precipitation trends, an elevation rise in the 0º isotherm, and changes in regional streamflow regimes. The Temperate-Mediterranean transition (TMT) zone of the Andes (35.5º?39.5ºS) is particularly at risk to climate change because it is a biodiversity hotspot with heavy human population pressure on water resources. In this paper we utilize a new tree-ring network of Austrocedrus chilensis to reconstruct past variations in regional moisture in the TMT of the Andes by means of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The reconstruction covers the past 657 years and captures interannual to decadal scales of variability in late spring?early summer PDSI. These changes are related to the north?south oscillations in moisture conditions between the Mediterranean and Temperate climates of the Andes as a consequence of the latitudinal position of the storm tracks forced by large-scale circulation modes. Kernel estimation of occurrence rates reveals an unprecedented increment of severe and extreme drought eventsduring the last century in the context of the previous six centuries. Moisture conditions in our study region are linked to tropical and high-latitude ocean-atmospheric forcing, with PDSI positively related to Nin?o-3.4 SST during spring and strongly negatively correlated with the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) during summer. Geopotential anomaly maps at 500-hPa show that extreme dry years are tightly associated with negative height anomalies in the Ross?Amundsen Seas, in concordance with the strong negative relationship between PDSI and AAO. The twentieth century increase in extreme drought events in the TMT may not be related to ENSO but to the positive AAO trend during late-spring and summer resulting from a gradual poleward shift of the mid-latitude storm tracks. This first PDSI reconstruction for South America demonstrates the highly significant hindcast skill of A. chilensis as an aridity proxy.","palabras_clave":"South-central Andes|Climatic transition|Palmer Drought Severity Index|Tree-rings|Austrocedrus chilensis|Climate change|AAO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113304,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Polyamine catabolism is involved in response to salt stress in soybean hypocotyls","resumen":"The possible relationship between polyamine catabolism mediated by copper-containing amine oxidase and the growth of hypocotyl from soybean plants exposed to NaCl has been studied. Salt treatment reduced values in all growth parameters in the hypocotyls. In vitro, copper-containing amine oxidase activity was up to 77-fold higher than that of polyamine oxidase. This enzyme preferred cadaverine over putrescine and it was active even under the saline condition. On the other hand, saline stress increased spermine and cadaverine levels and in vivo copper-containing amine oxidase activity in the elongation zone of hypocotyls. The last effect was negatively modulated by the addition of diaminoguanidine. In turn, plants treated with diaminoguanidine showed a significant reduction of reactive oxygen species in the elongation zone even in the saline condition. In addition, plants grown in cadaverine-amended culture medium showed increased hypocotyl length either in saline or control conditions. The cadaverine-induced hypocotyl elongation of untreated and salt-treated plants was abolished in presence of the inhibitor diaminoguanidine. These results suggest that copper-containing amine oxidase activity may be contributing partially to hypocotyl growth under saline stress, through hydrogen peroxide produced by polyamine catabolism.","palabras_clave":"Polyamine|Copper-containing amine oxidase|saline stress|soybean"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113305,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The PmrA\/PmrB regulatory system controls the expression of wzzfepE gene involved in the O-antigen synthesis of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium","resumen":"The polimerization degree of O-antigen from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is controlled by the wzzst and wzzfepE genes products. In the present study we investigated the role of the PmrA\/PmrB regulatory system on the wzzfepE gene transcription. We report that the direct binding of the PmrA regulator to a specific promoter site induces the expression                     of wzzfepE gene. This effect increases the amount of O-antigen very long region which is required for the resistance of Salmonella to serum human complement and polymyxin B, and for the bacteria replication within macrophages. The results obtained here                     highlight functional differences between WzzfepE and Wzzst, even when both genes are regulated by a PmrA-dependent way.","palabras_clave":"SALMONELLA|PmrA|REGULATION|wzzfepE GENE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113306,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Production of the Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in serum-free suspension cultures of the saUFL-AG-286 cell line in stirred reactor and airlift reactor","resumen":"The velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the main plagues for soybean crops. Velvetbean caterpillar larvae are susceptible to be infected by occlusion bodies of the baculovirus Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV), a biological insecticide. The insect cell line saUFL-AG-286 produces very high yields of occlusion bodies of AgMNPV in suspension cultures done in the low-cost serum-free medium UNL-10 in shake-flasks. However, its ability to adapt to conditions of industrial production in bioreactors was unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the growth of saUFL-AG-286 cell cultures in UNL-10 medium, as well as its capability to replicate AgMNPV in two different bio-reactors at laboratory scale. The cell line was able to adapt to conditions that can beused at industrial scale, both in an airlift reactor and a stirred reactor, although the former was&nbsp; better than the last to support the cell growth. The infection with AgMNPV in the airlift reactor produced a high yield of occlusion bodies, with very low production of budded virus, the progeny used as inoculums. On the other hand, infection in the stirred reactor yielded high titers of budded virus. These results suggest that a feasible strategy for scaling-up the production of AgMNPV might involve the use of airlift reactors for the scaling-up of cell suspension cultures and the final production of occlusion bodies, while the scaling-up of the viral inoculums being carried out under conditions as those existing in stirred reactors.","palabras_clave":"Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus|saUFL-AG-286 cell line|Serum-free medium|Airlift reactor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113307,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Geomorfología cuantitativa aplicada a la identificación de áreas de recarga preferenciales en la llanura interserrana de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina)","resumen":"X","palabras_clave":"Llanura pampeana|Geomorfología cuantitativa|SIG|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113308,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and early folliculogenesis during an acute hyperandrogenism condition","resumen":"Early apoptosis of antral follicles induced by hyperandrogenism is mediated by theperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR&#947;) pathway.","palabras_clave":"FOLICULOGENESIS|PEROXISOME|HYPERANDROGENISM|OVARY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113309,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Systemic inflammation, cellular influx and up-regulation of ovarian VCAM-1 expression in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","resumen":"PCOS, a major cause of anovulatory sterility, is associated with obesity, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. New evidence suggests that the immune system aggravates the clinical features of PCOS. Our aim was to study the immune, metabolic and endocrine features of a mouse model of PCOS elicited by androgenisation using dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). We observed a significant weight gain and insulin resistance in DHEA-androgenised mice, coupled with the formation of ovarian follicular cysts. DHEA up-regulated the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in the granulosa cell layer of the majority of cysts, and VCAM-1 expression in the theca cell layer of all follicles and cysts. The expression of these markers was low in control tissue. Peritoneal cells from PCOS-mice showed enhanced production of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting an association between chronic inflammation and PCOS. In addition, DHEA-androgenisation induced the activation of CD4+ cells both in vivo and in vitro, and their expression of the respective ligands for VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, VLA-4 and LFA-1, as assessed in vitro. CD4+ cells were present in androgenised ovaries, especially in the granulosa cell layer of cysts with high VCAM-1 expression. Herein, we present novel evidence that the immune system is activated systemically and locally in a mouse model for PCOS. We propose that VCAM-1 is involved in aggravating PCOS symptoms by promoting leukocyte recruitment to the ovaries and perpetuating local inflammation. These findings offer novel therapeutic opportunities for PCOS, such as blockage of VCAM-1 expression.","palabras_clave":"PCOS|Metabolism|Chronic Inflammation|Ovary|Adhesion molecules"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113310,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Soil enzyme and microbial activities in a grazing ecosystem of Patagonian Monte, Argentina","resumen":"Grazers exert important effects on the plant-soil system influencing the structure and functioning of the ecosystems. The effect of grazing on soil enzyme and microbial activities in arid ecosystems of the Patagonian Monte (Argentina) was studied by assessing the cover of plant life forms (grasses, shrubs and dwarf shrubs) at five modal plant-covered patches at three sites across a grazing gradient. We hypothesized that grazing mostly affects negatively soil enzyme and microbial activities through its effect on vegetation and on soil chemical and physical parameters. Soil cores were extracted from plant-covered patches and associated inter- canopy areas and analyzed the chemical (organic-C, total-N and pH), physical (bulk density), microbial (microbial biomass-C, and heterotrophic microorganism counts), and enzyme (dehydrogenase, ß- glucosidase, protease, alkaline and acid phosphatase and the geometric media for these activities) soil properties. Grass and dwarf shrub covers declined, and soil pH and bulk density increased with increasing grazing intensity at plant patches and inter-canopy areas. Soil organic-C and soil-N decreased at plant patches and, were positively correlated to grass cover. Soil organic-C was also positively correlated with ß- glucosidases and phosphatases, indicating that a reduction in soil organic-C could be associated with low enzyme activity and consequently with low soil organic matter turnover and nutrient release. Negative effects of grazing on enzyme activities were also detected on protease activity at inter-canopy areas and geometric media of the enzyme activities at plant patches. Increasing grazing intensity was associated with increasing values of microbial biomass-C and heterotrophic microorganism counts mostly at inter-canopy areas, suggesting that inputs of labile N by urine and dung may partially counteract the negative grazing effects. We concluded that grazing mostly affected soil physicochemical and biological parameters through direct and indirect effects of trampling and urine and changes in perennial grass cover, respectively. ","palabras_clave":"ARID ECOSYSTEMS|SOIL ENZYMES|SOIL MICROBIAL ACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113311,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On the mechanism of formation and spectral properties of radical anions generated by the reduction of -[ReI(CO)3(5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline)]+ and -[ReI(CO)3(3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)]+ pendants in poly-4-vinylpyridine polymers","resumen":"The  electrochemical reduction in aprotic media of \u2013[ReI(CO)3L]+ pendants in  poly-4-vinylpyridine polymers is compared to that of [ReI(CO)3L]+  complexes (L= 5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline and  3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline). The UV-vis absorption spectra of the  reduced radical anions of 5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (NO2-phen) and  3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (tmphen) were obtained by  spectro-electrochemistry of [ReI(CO)3(NO2-phen)(CH3CN)]+  and [ReI(CO)3(tmphen)(CH3CN)]+,  respectively. Similar spectra were obtained for the radical anions NO2·--phen and tmphen·- after  pulse radiolysis experiments with -[ReI(CO)3L]+-containing  polymers. The analysis of the time-resolved difference  spectra was performed using \u201Cmultivariate curve  resolution\u201D (MCR) techniques. Unlike e-solv, C·H2OH  radicals were unable to reduce tmphen ligands. The reaction of e-solv  and\/or C·H2OH with -[ReI(CO)3(NO2-phen)]+-containing  polymers generates -[ReI(CO)3(NO2·--phen)] pendants which after disproportionation  give rise to products with lmax = 380 nm. The kinetic behavior of -[ReI(CO)3(NO2·--phen)] pendants under different experimental  conditions is discussed.","palabras_clave":"Pulse radiolysis|Radicals|Reduction|Polymers"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113312,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On the Mechanism of Re(I)\u0001Carboxylate Bond Cleavage by Perchloric  Acid: A Kinetic and Spectroscopic Study","resumen":"We have studied the reaction between pz\u2013CO2\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy) and perchloric acid in acetonitrile by following the UV\u2013vis and IR spectral changes in the reaction mixture. A fast equilibrium was found to be established between solvated protons, pz\u2013CO2\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy), and the protonated intermediate [pz\u2013C(OH)O\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy)]+ which finally yields pz\u2013COOH and Re(CO)3(bpy)(CH3CN)+ as reaction products. This intermediate has been characterized by UV\u2013vis and IR spectroscopies and by DFT calculations. The fully optimized DFT\/CPCM structures for pz\u2013CO2\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy) and [pz\u2013C(OH)O\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy)]+ were compared with the X-ray structure of pz\u2013CO2\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy). The structural parameters associated with the carboxyl group in the protonated intermediate are between those of pz\u2013CO2\u2013Re(CO)3(bpy) and pz\u2013COOH. Multivariate curve resolution methods were employed to obtain the spectrum of the protonated intermediate and the concentration profiles from the full matrix of time-resolved UV\u2013vis spectra. The proposed mechanism was numerically simulated by using Runge\u2013Kutta methods. Model parameters were estimated by nonlinear regression fitting of the concentration profiles, yielding values of log(K) = 4.9 ± 0.3 and k = 0.16 ± 0.03 min\u20131 for the formation equilibrium constant and the decay rate constant of the protonated intermediate, respectively.","palabras_clave":"UV\u2013vis |IR spectroscopies |DFT calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113313,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reversal of gastrointestinal carcinoma-induced immunosuppression and induction of antitumoural immunity by a combination of cyclophosphamide and gene transfer of IL-12","resumen":"Immunotherapy-based strategies for gastrointestinal carcinomas (GIC) have been exploited so far, but these approaches have to face strong mechanisms of immune escape induced by tumours. We previously demonstrated that sub-therapeutic doses of an adenovirus expressing  IL-12 genes (AdIL-12) mediated a potent antitumour effect against subcutaneous (s.c.) colorectal carcinomas (CRC) in mice pre-treated with low doses of cyclophosphamide(Cy). In our study we used this combination to assess its impact on the immunosuppressive microenvironment. In s.c. CRC model we demonstrated that non-responder mice failed to decrease Tregs in tumour, spleen and peripheral blood. Reconstitution of Tregs into tumour-bearing mice treated with combined therapy abolished the antitumoural effect. In addition, Cy þ AdIL-12 modified Tregs functionality by inhibiting the in vitro secretion of IL-10 and TGF-b and their ability to inhibit dendritic cells activation. Combined treatment decreased the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in comparison to non-treated mice and, interestingly, administration of Tregs restored splenic MDSCs population. Furthermore, combined therapy potently generated specific cytotoxic IFN-g secreting CD4þ T cells able to eradicate established CRC tumours after adoptive transfer. Finally, we evaluated the combination on disseminated CRC and pancreatic carcinoma (PC). Cy þ AdIL-12 were able to eradicate liver metastatic CRC (47%) and PC tumour nodules (40%) and to prolong animal survival. The results of this study support the hypothesis that Cy þ AdIL-12 might be a valid immunotherapeutic strategy for advanced GIC.","palabras_clave":"gastrointestinal carcinoma|immunosuppression|cyclophosphamide|IL-12"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113314,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Low molecular weight hyaluronan preconditioning of tumor-pulsed dendritic cells increases their migratory ability and induces immunity against murine colorectal carcinoma","resumen":"We have recently shown that systemic administration of low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW HA)significantly reduces colorectal carcinoma (CRC) growth in vivo. The elicited response is partially mediated by  activated dendritic cells (DC). To potentiate the ability of DC loaded with whole tumor lysate (DC\/TL) to induce immunity against CRC in mice, we aimed to study the effects of preconditioning DC with LMW HA for therapeutic vaccination. LMW HA improved maturation of ex vivo generated DC, increased IL-12, decreased IL-10 production, and enhanced a MLR activity in vitro. Although TNF-a showed a similar capacity to mature DC,  preconditioning of DC\/TL with LMW HA increased their ability to migrate in vitro toward CCL19 and CCL-21 in a CD44- and a TLR4-independent manner; this effect was superior to Poly(I:C), LPS, or TNF-a and partially associated with an increase in the expression of CCR7.  Importantly, LMW HA dramatically enhanced the in vivo DC recruitment to tumor-regional lymph nodes. When these LMW HA-treated CRC tumor lysate-pulsed DC (DC\/TL\/LMW HA) were administered to tumor-bearing mice, a potent antitumor response was observed when compared to DC pulsed with tumor lysate alone and matured with TNF-a. Then, we showed that splenocytes isolated from animals treated with DC\/TL\/LMW HA presented  a higher proliferative capacity, increased IFN-g production, and secreted lower levels of the immunosuppressive IL-10. Besides, increased specific CTL response was observed in DC\/TL\/LMW HA-treated animals and induced long-term protection against tumor recurrence. Our data show that LMW HA is superior to other agents at inducing DC migration; therefore, LMW HA could be considered a new adjuvant candidate in the preparation of DC-based anticancer vaccines with potent immunostimulatory properties.","palabras_clave":"HYALURONAN|DENDRITIC CELLS|MIGRATION|CD44|TLR4|COLORECTAL CARCINOMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113315,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and Their Fibrotic Microenvironment Modulate Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Migration in Vitro and in Vivo","resumen":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth mostcommon cancer and the third cause of cancer-related death. Fibrogenesisis an active process characterized by the production of severalproinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. It involvesthe activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) which accumulate at thesite of injury and are themain source of the extracellularmatrix deposits.There are no curative treatments for advanced HCC, thus, newtherapies are urgently needed. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)have the ability to migrate to sites of injury or to remodeling tissues afterin vivo administration; however, in several cancer models they demonstrated limited efficacy to eradicate experimental tumors partiallydue to poor engraftment. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze the capacity of human MSCs (hMSCs) to migrate and anchor toHCC tumors. We observed that HCC and HSCs, but not nontumoral stroma, produce factors that induce hMSC migration in vitro.Conditioned media (CM) generated fromestablished HCC cell lines were found to induce higher levels of hMSCmigration thanCMderived fromfresh patient tumor samples. In addition, after exposure to CMfromHCC cells or HSCs, hMSCs demonstrated adhesionand invasion capability to endothelial cells, type IV collagen and fibrinogen. Consistently, these cells were found to increasemetalloproteinase-2 activity. In vivo studies with subcutaneous and orthotopic HCC models indicated that intravenously infused hMSCsmigrated to lungs, spleen and liver. Seven days post-hMSC infusion cells were located also in the tumor in both models, but the signal intensity was significantly higher in orthotopic than in subcutaneous model. Interestingly, when orthotopic HCC tumors whereestablished in noncirrhotic or cirrhotic livers, the amount ofhMSCs localized in the liver was higher in comparisonwith healthy animals. A very low signal was found in lungs and spleens, indicating that liver tumors are able to recruit themat high efficiency. Taken together our results indicate thatHCC and HSC cells produce factors that efficiently induce hMSCmigration toward tumor microenvironment in vitro and in vivo and makeMSCs candidates for cell-based therapeutic strategies to hepatocellular carcinoma associated with fibrosis.","palabras_clave":"HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA|HUMAN MENSENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS|ACTIVATED HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS|MIGRATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113317,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of speckle-interferometry Descriptors to measuring Drying-of-coatings","resumen":"In the industrial process of painting, paint-drying is an important stage because of its high impact in the final result. Its study is of relevance to improve the properties of the resulting coating.Amalvy's experiments to measure the speed of drying on surfaces, based on techniques of speckle interferometry, have been used as a starting point in the evaluation of other methods, which allow to measure the process with greater accuracy. Haralick's descriptors have been studied in depth, then filters based on Mathematical Morphology techniques, a natural complexity measure and, finally, Local Binary Patterns. Measures of speed of drying based on gravimetrical information were obtained and used as a gold standard. The comparison of different techniques was based on their ability to predict its values through a linear regression model. Morphological descriptors showed a low dependance with the sampling time, a desired property. Permutation Entropy and Local Binary Patterns evincedsimilar drying curves, showing a remarkable inflection point, coincident with the passage on the constant drying area to a later state, defined by a slower diffusion of the solvent through the dry coat of the surface. More precise descriptors of drying phenomena have been identified in this study.","palabras_clave":"Speckle interferometry|Co-occurrence matrix|Mathematical morphology|Permutation entropy|Local binary patterns|Drying-of-coatings|Latex paint"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113318,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of cattle movements in Argentina, 2005","resumen":"We describe the movement of cattle throughout  Argentina  in 2005. Details of farm-to-farm and farm-to-slaughter movements of cattle were  obtained from the Sanitary Management System database (Sistema de Gestión  Sanitaria - \u201CSGS\u201D), maintained by the National Service for Agrifood Health and  Quality (SENASA). Movements were described at the regional and district level in  terms of frequency, the number of stock transported, the district of origin and  destination and Euclidean distance traveled. Social network analysis were used to  characterize the connections made between regions and districts as a result of  cattle movement transactions, and to show how these characteristics might  influence disease spread.              &nbsp;              Throughout 2005 a total of 1.3 million  movement events involving 32 million head of cattle (equivalent to  approximately 57% of the national herd) were recorded in the SGS database. The  greatest number of farm-to-farm movements occurred from April to June whereas  numbers of farm-to-slaughter movement events were relatively constant  throughout the year. Throughout 2005 there was a 1.1-1.6 fold increase in the  number of farm-to-farm movements of cattle during April to June, compared with  other times of the year. District in-degree and out-degree scores varied by  season, with higher maximum scores during the autumn and winter compared with  summer and spring. Districts with high in-degree scores were concentrated in  the Finishing region whereas districts with high out-degree scores were  concentrated not only in the Finishing region but also in Mesopotamia,  eastern Border and southern Central regions. Although movements of cattle from  the Border region tended not to be mediated via markets, the small number of  districts in this area with relatively high out-degree scores is a cause for  concern as they have the potential to distribute disease widely, in the event  of an incursion.","palabras_clave":"Movements|Cattle|Social Network Analysis|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113319,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cortical deficits in emotion processing for faces in adults with ADHD: Its relation to social cognition and executive functioning","resumen":"Although it has been shown that adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impaired socialcognition, no previous study has reported the brain correlates of face valence processing. This study looked forbehavioral, neuropsychological, and electrophysiological markers of emotion processing for faces (N170) in adultADHD compared to controls matched by age, gender, educational level, and handedness. We designed an event-related potential (ERP) study based on a dual valence task (DVT), in which faces and words were presentedto test the effects of stimulus type (faces, words, or face-word stimuli) and valence (positive versus negative).Individual signatures of cognitive functioning in participants with ADHD and controls were assessed with acomprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, including executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM).Compared to controls, the adult ADHD group showed deficits in N170 emotion modulation for facial stimuli. TheseN170 impairments were observed in the absence of any deficit in facial structural processing, suggesting a specificADHD impairment in early facial emotion modulation. The cortical current density mapping of N170 yielded amain neural source of N170 at posterior section of fusiform gyrus (maximum at left hemisphere for words andright hemisphere for faces and simultaneous stimuli). Neural generators of N170 (fusiform gyrus) were reduced inADHD. In those patients, N170 emotion processing was associated with performance on an emotional inferenceToM task, and N170 from simultaneous stimuli was associated with EF, especially working memory. This is thefirst report to reveal an adult ADHD-specific impairment in the cortical modulation of emotion for faces and anassociation between N170 cortical measures and ToM and EF.","palabras_clave":"Adult ADHD|N170|Valence|Face|Word"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113320,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Decision-Making in Frontotemporal Dementia: Clinical, Theoretical and Legal Implications","resumen":"Background: The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is characterized by progressive changes in personality and social interaction, loss of empathy, disinhibition and impulsivity, most of which generally precede the onset of cognitive deficits. In this study, we investigated decision-making cognition in a group of patients with an early bvFTD diagnosis whose standard neuropsychological performance was within normal range for all variables. Methods: The Iowa Gambling Task was administered to this group of early bvFTD patients, to a group of early bvFTD patients who had shown impaired performance on the classical neuropsychological battery and to healthy controls. Results: Decision-making was impaired in both bvFTD patient groups, whether they had shown impaired or normal performance in the classical neuropsychological evaluation. Conclusions: Patients with early bvFTD may perform normally on standard cognitive tests, and yet develop severe deficits in judgment and decision-making. In many current legal systems, early bvFTD patients showing preserved cognitive functioning who commit unlawful acts run the risk of not being able to plead insane or not guilty on the grounds of diminished responsibility beyond reasonable doubt. This represents a unique legal and ethical dilemma. Our findings have important implications for medicolegal decisions relating to capacity and culpability, and regarding the philosophical concept of 'free will'.","palabras_clave":"Frontotemporal dementia|Decision-making|Free will"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113321,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The cortical processing of facial emotional expression is associated with social cognition skills and executive functioning: A preliminary study","resumen":"Several lines of experimental evidence support an association between facial processing and social cognition, but no direct link between cortical markers of facial processing and complex cognitive processes has been reported until now. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that cortical electrophysiological markers for the processing of facial emotion are associated with individual differences in executive and social cognition skills. We tested for correlations between the amplitude of event-related potentials (N170) in a dual valence task and participants\u2019 scores on three neuropsychological assessments (general neuropsychology, executive functioning, and social cognition). N170 was modulated by the stimulus type (face versus word) and the valence of faces (positive versus negative). The neural source of N170 was estimated to be the fusiform gyrus. Robust correlations were found between neuropsychological markers and measures of facial processing. Social cognition skills (as measured by three tests: the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test, the Faux Pas test, and the Iowa Gambling Task) correlated with cortical measures of emotional discrimination. Executive functioning ability also correlated with the cortical discrimination of complex emotional stimuli. Our findings suggest that the cortical processing of facial emotional expression is associated with social cognition skills.","palabras_clave":"Individual differences|N170|Face processing|Emotion|Dual valence task|Neuropsychology|Social cognition|Executive functioning|ToM|IGT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113322,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional imaging reveals movement preparatory activity in the vegetative state","resumen":"The vegetative state (VS) is characterized by the absence of awareness of self or the environment  and preserved autonomic functions. The diagnosis relies critically on the lack of consistent  signs of purposeful behavior in response to external stimulation. Yet, given that patients with  disorders of consciousness often exhibit fragmented movement patterns, voluntary actions  may go unnoticed. Here we designed a simple motor paradigm that could potentially detect  signs of purposeful behavior in VS patients with mild to severe brain damage by examining the  neural correlates of motor preparation in response to verbal commands. Twenty-four patients  who met the diagnostic criteria for VS were recruited for this study. Eleven of these patients  showing preserved auditory evoked potentials underwent functional magnetic resonance  imaging (fMRI) to test for basic speech processing. Five of these patients, who showed word  related activity, were included in a second fMRI study aimed at detecting functional changes  in premotor cortex elicited by specific verbal instructions to move either their left or their right  hand. Despite the lack of overt muscle activity, two patients out of five activated the dorsal  premotor cortex contralateral to the instructed hand, consistent with movement preparation.  Our results may reflect residual voluntary processing in these two patients. We believe that  the identification of positive results with fMRI using this simple task, may complement the  clinical assessment by helping attain a more precise diagnosis in patients with disorders  of consciousness.","palabras_clave":"estado vegetativo |resonancia magnetica funcional|movimiento voluntario"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113323,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Facial and semantic emotional interference: A pilot study on the behavioral and cortical responses to the dual valence association task","resumen":"Background: Integration of compatible or incompatible emotional valence and semantic information is an essential aspect of complex social interactions. A modified version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) called Dual-Valence Association Task (DVAT) was designed in order to measure conflict resolution processing from compatibility\/incompatibly of semantic and facial valence. The DVAT involves two emotional valence evaluative tasks which elicits two forms of emotional compatible\/incompatible associations (facial and semantic).  Methods: Behavioural measures and Event Related Potentials were recorded while participants performed the DVAT  Results: Behavioural data showed a robust effect that distinguished compatible\/incompatible tasks. The effects of valence and contextual association (between facial and semantic stimuli) showed early discrimination in N170 of faces. The LPP component was modulated by the compatibility of the DVAT.  Conclusions: Results suggest that DVAT is a robust paradigm for studying the emotional interference effect in the processing of simultaneous information from semantic and facial stimuli.","palabras_clave":"ERP|N170|LPP|IAT|DVAT|Interference effects|Word|Face"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113324,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reference gene selection for gene expression studies using RT-qPCR in virus-infected planthoppers","resumen":"Background  Planthoppers not only severely affect crops by causing mechanical damage when feeding but are also vectors of several plant virus species. The analysis of gene expression in persistently infected planthoppers might unveil the molecular basis of viral transmission. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) is currently the most accurate and sensitive method used for quantitative gene expression analysis. In order to normalize the resulting quantitative data, reference genes with constant expression during the experimental procedures are needed.  Results  Partial sequences of the commonly used reference genes actin (ACT), &#945;1-tubulin (TUB), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1A), ribosomal protein S18 (RPS18) and polyubiquitin C (UBI) from Delphacodes kuscheli, a planthopper capable of persistently transmitting the plant fijivirus Mal de Río Cuarto virus (MRCV), were isolated for the first time. Specific RT-qPCR primers were designed and the expression stability of these genes was assayed in MRCV-infective and naïve planthoppers using geNorm, Normfinder and BestKeeper tools. The overall analysis showed that UBI, followed by 18S and ACT, are the most suitable genes as internal controls for quantitative gene expression studies in MRCV-infective planthoppers, while TUB and EF1A are the most variable ones. Moreover, EF1A was upregulated by MRCV infection.  Conclusions  A RT-qPCR platform for gene expression analysis in the MRCV-infected planthopper vector Delphacodes kuscheli was developed. Our work is the first report on reference gene selection in virus-infected insects, and might serve as a precedent for future gene expression studies on MRCV and other virus-planthopper pathosystems.","palabras_clave":"MRCV|planthopper|RT-qPCR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113325,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Identificacion y caracterizacion biologica del Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV): Nueva enfermedad del trigo en Argentina","resumen":"Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important winter grain in Argentina. Its production is limited by several factors, including  viral diseases. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize a recently detected disease of wheat crops in Argentina. Symptomatic  plants were collected from different locations from the wheat production area, Miramar and Balcarce (Buenos Aires), Río Cuarto, Rosales  and Marcos Juarez (Córdoba), Paraná (Entre Ríos) and General Pico (La Pampa). Samples were characterized by: electron microscopy  (leaf-dip and ultrathin sections), serological tests (with antiserum reacting against different wheat viruses by DAS-ELISA and indirect  ELISA), mechanical, seed and vector transmission assays, differential host range, and susceptibility of different wheat cultivars in  natural infections. The results showed that this new disease is caused by Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) (Rhabdoviridae-  Cytorhabdovirus), a widely distributed virus that can be transmitted to other crops such as barley, oat and triticale. This work represents  the first report of BYSMV in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"CYTORHABDOVIRUS|DELPHACIDAE|GRAMINEAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113326,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation and characterization of two vitellins from eggs of the spider Polybetes pythagoricus (Araneae: Sparassidae)","resumen":"Despite vitellins being essential yolk proteins, their presence in spiders remains almost unknown. Two vitellins from the spider Polybetes pythagoricus, named LV1 and LV2, were isolated and their size, shape, lipids, fatty acids, proteins and carbohydrates moieties were determined. LV1 has a density similar to that of HDL with 49.3% lipids, and LV2 has a density similar to that of VHDL with 9.7% lipids. The major neutral lipid present in both vitellins was found to be esterified cholesterol, 16% for LV1 and 24% for LV2. The major fatty acid was 18:1n-9 in LV1 and LV2. Results from native PAGE showed a lipoprotein of 550 kDa for LV1 and three lipoproteins of 571, 400 and 257 kDa for LV2. SDS-PAGE evidenced two major apolipoproteins of 64 and25 kDa in LV1. The three lipoproteins of LV2 were electroeluted and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, showing different proportions of the same apolipoproteins (181, 67 and 60 kDa). LVs were analyzed by spectrophotometry, immunochemical and electron microscopy, showing that the respiratory pigment hemocyanin was not present as apolipoprotein. This fact evidenced that these LVs were not related to hemolymphatic lipoproteins.","palabras_clave":"EGGS|FATTY ACID|LIPID CHARACTERIZATION|LIPOVITELLINS|SPIDER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113327,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phospholipases A in Trypanosomatids","resumen":"Phospholipases are a complex andimportant group of enzymes widespread in nature, that play crucial roles indiverse biochemical processes and are classified as A1,A2, C, and D. Phospholipases A1 and A2 activities have been linked topathogenesis in various microorganisms, and particularly inpathogenic protozoa they have been implicated in cell invasion. Kinetoplastidsare a group of flagellated protozoa, includingextra- and intracellular parasites that cause severe disease in humans andanimals. In the present paper, we will mainly focus on thethree most important kinetoplastid human pathogens, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania spp., givinga perspective of the research done up to now regarding biochemical, biological,and molecular characteristics of Phospholipases A1and A2 and their contribution to pathogenesis.","palabras_clave":"Trypanosomas|Fosfolipasas A"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113328,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Acetaminophen-induced stimulation of MDR1 expression and activity in rat intestine and in LS 174T human intestinal cell line","resumen":"The well-known analgesic and antipyretic drug N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (acetaminophen; APAP) hasbeen previously reported to affect MDR1 expression in rat liver. In this study, we have investigatedthe effect of subtoxic doses of APAP on MDR1 expression and activity in rat intestine and humanintestinal cells. Administration of APAP at increasing doses of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.6 g\/kg b.w., i.p. overthree consecutive days, induced MDR1 expression in rat duodenum (+240%) and ileum (+160%) asdetected by western blotting. This was accompanied by preserved localization of the protein at thesurface of the villus, as detected by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. MDR1 activity wasincreased by 50% in APAP treated rats, as evaluated by serosal to mucosal secretion of rhodamine 123in everted intestinal sacs. Treatment with APAP also decreased by 65% the portal vein concentrationsof digoxin found in anesthetized rats after intraduodenal administration of this drug, which isconsistent with an APAP-induced increased efficacy of intestinal barrier for digoxin net absorption.Exposure of LS 174T human colon adenocarcinoma cells to subtoxic APAP concentration (5 mM)induced an increase in MDR1 mRNA expression (+46%), which was accompanied with an enhancedability (+78%) to reduce intracellular content of rhodamine 123. Taken together these data suggestthe existence of APAP-induced stimulation of MDR1 transcription in the intestinal epithelium. Thesefindings are of clinical relevance, as co-administration of APAP with other MDR1 substrates couldindirectly inhibit the net intestinal absorption of these drugs, leading to changes in theirpharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy.","palabras_clave":"P-glicoptroteina|intestino|paracetamol|transporte"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113329,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Simultaneous optimization of biomass and protease biosynthesis by a local isolated Pseudomonas sp. Part 1. Selection of main medium components and operating conditions","resumen":"The kinetics of cell growth and protease production, substrate specificity, morphology, motility, and antimicrobial effects against food pathogens were evaluated for a Pseudomonas strain recently isolated from fresh cabbage. Protease and biomass production in batch fermentation were tested in relation to different medium com¬ponents (glucose, meat peptone, NaCl, Ca2+, and Mg2+ content) and in different pH, temperature, and agitation-speed conditions, first by a rapid prescreening assay and then a Plackett-Burman (PB) experi¬mental design. The prescreening assay aimed to determine optimal lower and upper values of each one of the above variables, thereby avoiding estimations or reliance on published data on other known Pseudomonas strains. The combination of prescreening and the PB design allowed determination not only of optimal ranges for each of the studied variables but also the significant relevance of each, in rapid, economical fashion.   Results showed that temperature, agitation speed, NaCl, and pH had the greatest effects on proteolytic activity, while temperature, glucose, pH, peptone, and agitation speed most significantly affected microorganism growth.   This information is useful for maximizing Pseudomonas sp. Growth and protease production through optimal operating conditions and media composition. The significant factors identified in this work have been evaluated in a previously published study of medium opti¬mization through use of response surface optimization (Kotlar et al, Ind Biotechnol 6[6] 364-374 [2010]).","palabras_clave":"PSEUDOMONAS SP.|PROTEASE PRODUCTION|PRESCREENING|PLACKETT-BURMAN|PRINCIPAL EFFECTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113330,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Essential Oils as Biopreservatives: Different Methods for the Technological Application in Lettuce Leaves.","resumen":"Abstract: Investigations were carried out to assess the efficiency of 3 essential oils; clove, tea tree, and rosemary as natural  preservatives, during the post harvest of lettuce leaves. The effect of different concentration (1 and 0.5 MIC) of plant  essential oils applied in 3 forms (spray, immersion, and capsules) was studied on lettuce leaves. The evolution of different  microbial populations was evaluated during refrigerated storage. The application forms of the biopreservatives were shown  to be an important factor in determining the effectiveness of the essential oils. Clove and tea tree essential oils at 1 MIC  and applied embedded in lactose capsules presented a significant inhibition on mesophilic, psicrotrophic, and coliforms  populations; while rosemary in none of the 3 technological applications forms exerted inhibitory effect on all microbial  populations evaluated. Essential oils (at 0.5 MIC) applied by spray, immersion, and embedded in lactose capsules exerted  lower inhibitory effects, with respect to 1 MIC, on the different microbial populations present on lettuce leaves. At the  end of the storage (7 d), lettuce samples treated with tea tree, clove, and rosemary (at 1 and 0.5 MIC) by spray were  the only organoleptically acceptable. It is concluded that clove and tea tree essential oils can control different microbial  population present in lettuce.     Keywords: antimicrobials, application forms, clove, sensory attributes, tea tree    Practical Application: The exploration of naturally occurring antimicrobials in food preservation receives increasing  attention due to consumer awareness of natural food products. Biopreservatives are useful in extending the shelf life  of foods, reducing or eliminating pathogenic bacteria and increasing overall quality of food products. The effectiveness  of essential oil application in foods is the result of factor associations such as applications forms, concentration applied,  the way of action, storage temperatures. The application methods (spray, immersion, and embedded in lactose capsules)  and the concentration of essential oils have been shown to be important factors in determining the effectiveness of  these biopreservatives. The oil concentrations required to produce a certain level of inhibition in actual foods could  be questionable due to the organoleptic impact. However, these novel natural preservatives in combination with other  factors in obstacle technologies are an alternative to control the pathogen growth minimizing undesirable changes in  organoleptic characteristics.","palabras_clave":"clove, tea tree|application forms|antimicrobials|sensory attributes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113331,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Bioactive Packaging Materials from Edible Chitosan and Casein Polymers: Assessment on Carrot, Cheese and Salami","resumen":"Abstract: Antimicrobial packaging is one of the most promising active packaging systems for controlling spoilage and  pathogenic microorganisms. In this work, the intrinsic antimicrobial properties of chitosan (CH) were combined with the  excellent thermoplastic and film-forming properties of sodium caseinate (SC) to prepare SC\/CH film-forming solutions  and films. The antimicrobial effectiveness of SC, CH, and SC\/CH coatings on the native microfloras of cheese, salami,  and carrots was evaluated. In vitro assays through the test tube assay indicated that the most significant antimicrobial effect  was achieved by CH and SC\/CH solutions on carrot and cheese native microfloras. SC film-forming solutions did not  exert antimicrobial activity on any of the native microflora studied. SC, CH, and SC\/CH films stored in controlled  environments showed that the retention of the antimicrobial action was observed until 5-d storage, at 65% relative  humidity in both temperatures (10 &#9702;C and 20 &#9702;C). In vivo assays were also performed with SC, CH, and SC\/CH applied  as coatings or wrappers on the 3 food substrates. CH and SC\/CH applied at both immersion and wrapper exerted  a significant bactericidal action on mesophilic, psychrotrophic, and yeasts and molds counts, showing the 3 microbial  populations analyzed a significant reduction (2.0 to 4.5 log CFU\/g). An improvement of the bactericidal properties of  the CH\/SC blend respect to those of the neat CH film is reported. The ionic interaction between both macromolecules  enhances its antimicrobial properties.    Keywords: edible coatings, food system, microbiological quality, native microflora, preservatives    Practical Application: The continuous consumer interest in high quality and food safety, combined with environmental  concerns has stimulated the development and study of biodegradable coatings that avoid the use of synthetic materials.  Among them, edible coatings, obtained from generally recognized as safe (GRAS) materials, have the potential to reduce  weight loss, respiration rate, and improve food appearance and integrity. They can be used in combination with other  food preservation techniques in order to extend the effectiveness of the food preservation chain. Moreover, antimicrobial  films and coatings have innovated the concept of active packaging and have been developed to reduce, inhibit, or delay the  growth of microorganisms on the surface of food in contact with the package. The use of antimicrobials packaging films  to control the growth of microorganisms in food can have a significant impact on shelf-life extension and food safety. In  addition, antimicrobial films can be prepared by the combination of inherent antimicrobial materials (that is, CH), with  good film-forming protein-based ones (that is, SC). Therefore, the objective of this work is to study the performance of  2 biodegradable and edible biopolymers and their combination as natural packages for selected food products.","palabras_clave":"Microbiological quality|Preservatives|Food system|Edible coatings|Native microflora"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113332,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evolution of quality indices of fresh bunched  spinach stored using low density polyethylene and polypropylene bags.","resumen":"Packaging technology constitutes an available method for reducingpostharvest deteriorative processes on fresh products. The purpose of thiswork was to evaluate leaf water status, weight loss and colour retention ofbunched spinach leaves packaged in low density polyethylene (LDPE) andpolypropylene (OPP) bags, stored at 2°C for 25 days. Water status wasdetermined through relative water content (RWC), the free:total water ratio(FW\/TW) and bound water (BW); colour was evaluated colorimetrically as hueangle. Gaseous concentrations reached in OPP bags (11% O2, 3%\u20135% CO2)were within those considered beneficial for spinach. Weight loss was higher inLDPE than OPP bags. RWC was lower in LDPE than in OPP bags. RWCdecreased after day 18. Increases occurred in BW and decreases occurred in theFW\/TW, indicating possible water movement within the leaf. Hue anglediminished after seven days of storage, indicating loss of green colour. Betterphysical and physiological properties were observed in spinach packaged inOPP bags.","palabras_clave":"spinach|postharvest quality|quality indices|packaging"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113333,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effectiveness of Edible Coatings Combined with Mild Heat Shocks on Microbial Spoilage and Sensory Quality of Fresh Cut Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.)","resumen":"Abstract          The use of edible coatings and mild heat shocks is proposed as postharvest treatments to prevent microbial deterioration of refrigerated broccoli. Minimally processed broccoli was coated with either chitosan or Carboxymethyl-cellulose combined or not with a previous application of a mild heat shock. The evolution of microbial populations (mesophilic, psycrotrophic, enterobacteriaceae, molds and yeast and lactic acid bacteria) were studied during 20 days of storage and fitted to Gompertz and logistic models. Results revealed that, at the end of the storage, chitosan coating significantly reduced all microbiological population counts, except acid lactic bacteria; while higher reduction was observed with chitosan coating combined with a heat shock treatment. A significant delay at the beginning of the exponential phase was observed for all the bacterial populations analyzed. On the other hand, CMC coating, with and without a previous thermal treatment, did not exert any antibacterial effect. Excellent agreement was found between experimental microbial counts and predicted values obtained from Gompertz and Logistic models. Kinetic modeling was found to be valuable for prediction of microbiological shelf life of broccoli during storage. Results showed that the application of chitosan coating effectively maintained microbiological quality and extended shelf life of minimally processed broccoli. According to these results, the use of the edible chitosan coating alone or in combination with a heat mild shock appear to be a viable alternative for controlling microbiological growth and sensory attributes in minimally processed broccoli.","palabras_clave":"HURDLE TECHNOLOGIES|MINIMALLY PROCESSED BROCCOLI|MICROBIAL GROWTH|THERMAL TREATMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113334,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effectiveness of chitosan edible coatings to improve microbiological and sensory quality of fresh cut broccoli","resumen":"Abstract       The effects of chitosan edible coating on microbiological and sensory quality of refrigerated broccoli were studied. The antimicrobial effects of chitosan on the native microflora (mesophilic, psychrotrophic, yeast and molds, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms) and on the survival of E. coli O157:H7 inoculated in broccoli were evaluated.  \tChitosan treatments resulted in a significant reduction in total mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria counts with respect to the control samples during the entire storage period. There was an immediate decontaminating activity of chitosan. At the end of the storage, yeast and molds was the most dominant flora representing the largest part of the total aerobic counts. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) numbers remained relatively low during the whole storage in all samples. Chitosan coating inhibited the growth of total coliform throughout the storage time. Also, chitosan treatments resulted in a bactericidal effect on E. coli endogenous and a significant decreased in total E. coli counts (endogenous and O157:H7). The application of chitosan coating on fresh cut broccoli inhibited the yellowing and opening florets. The results of this experiment showed that the use of chitosan coating is a viable alternative in controlling the microorganisms present in minimally processed broccoli, improving its sensory quality.","palabras_clave":"EDIBLE FILMS|MINIMALLY PROCESSED BROCCOLI|NATIVE MICROFLORA|ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113335,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Improvement of Water Status Methodology for Leafy Vegetables Reduces Time Consuming, Skilled Labor and Laboratory Resources","resumen":"When determining the water status of leafyvegetables with oven-drying techniques, consumption oftime and resources is inevitable. The aim of this work wasto evaluate the performance of both relative water content(RWC) and free water and bound water content (FW\u2013BW)techniques to obtain the water content index (WC) ofdifferent leafy vegetables in order to dispense with thetraditional methodology for water content determination.By doing this, not only consumption of time is reduced, butalso skilled labor and laboratory resources. Butterheadlettuces harvested at different growing stages and stored atdifferent postharvest conditions were evaluated. In allcases, water content values obtained with RWC techniquewere statistically equivalent to those obtained with thetraditional methodology. Instead, water content valuesobtained with FW\u2013BW technique were considerably higherthan the original WC. Consequently, using RWC techniquedata to obtain water content, the time required to determinewater status in butterhead lettuce is reduced by 25%. Inaddition, fresh plants of swiss chard, akusay (chinesecabbage), and romaine lettuce were evaluated in order tovalidate the simplified methodology. Results obtained weresimilar to those observed for butterhead lettuce.Keywords Butterhead lettuce . Leafy vegetables .Watercontent .Water status","palabras_clave":"BUTTERHEAD LETTUCE|LEAFY VEGETABLES|WATER CONTENT|WATER STATUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113336,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Postharvest Quality Losses of Butter Lettuce as Affected by Leaf Age and Temperature","resumen":"Whole lettuce plants were used to evaluate the effect of leaf age on ascorbic acid (AA), chlorophyll (C), microbial quality (M), colour and overall&nbsp;Visual quality of fresh butter lettuce exposed at three isothermal environmental conditions: 0-2, 10-12 and 20-22°C during first 24 hours after harvest in order to describe quality changes in the product during transport from the field to the distribution center. Relative humidity was the optimal (97-99%). Temperature, leaf age and time significantly affected the quality parameters under study. Even though lettuces were stored under optimal temperature (0-2°C), significant C decreases were observed in outer leaves, increasing the loss at higher temperatures. The highest losses took place in the first 6 h, and then the rate of loss was significantly lower. Although the inner&nbsp;leaves presented changes in redness\/greenness colour parameter, no significant changes in C were detected in these leaves. Increments in microbial counts occurred, and resulted higher in outer leaves respect to mid or inner ones. Increments were greater at higher temperature. Ascorbic acid significantly decreased at the three temperatures. After 6 h of storage, the AA losses were of 50% at 10-12 or 20-22°C, and of 30% at 0-2°C._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________","palabras_clave":"ASCORBIC ACID|BUTTER LETTUCE|CHLOROPHYLL|MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113337,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biocontrol of Escherichia coli O157:H7 exerted by endogenous microflora and oleoresins in minimally processed lettuce and carrot","resumen":"Abstract:   The objectives of this study were to analyze the effectiveness of native microflora of lettuce and carrot in controlling Escherichia coli O157:H7 and to evaluate the technological application of oregano and rosemary to control E. coli in vegetables stored at 8 and 20 °C. The interaction between the background microflora of lettuce and carrot with E. coli O157:H7 was observed at 20 °C. In samples stored at 8 °C, the temperature factor masked any bacteriostatic effects exerted by native microflora on E. coli.   For oregano and rosemary, the highest concentrations were needed to restrict E. coli in lettuce and carrot. However, low sensory acceptability was obtained. Pathogen inhibition was more important at high temperature. The effectiveness of oleoresins was the result of factor associations such as concentrations and storage temperatures.","palabras_clave":"BIOPRESERVATIVES|NATIVE MICROFLORA|OREGANUM|PATHOGEN CONTROL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113338,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ascorbic Acid Encapsulation in Hydrophobic Silica Xerogel","resumen":"Self-assembled hybrid organo-silica sol-gel materials are rapidly expanding for new and novel applications. The microporous solid silica matrix was used as carrier for the controlled release of Ascorbic Acid (AA), selected as molecule cargo model. One-step synthesis procedure was optimised for preparation of silica\u2013molecule composites by using tetraethoxysilane and methyltrimethoxysilane as precursors. The hydrophobic silica xerogel matrices were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction. Specific surface area and porosity parameters were determinated by Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) technique and the matrix surface morphology byScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The observed release pattern could be interesting for the development of AA-fortified food and to be used in food packaging.","palabras_clave":"hydrophobic silica xerogel|ascorbic acid|packaging|fortified food"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113339,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A combination of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay and centromeric identification for evaluation of the genotoxicity of dicamba","resumen":"The purpose of this study was to further investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of dicamba and Banvel® employing the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) assay estimated by the analysis of the nuclear division index (NDI), the frequency of micronucleus (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), and nuclear buds (NBUDs). Besides, for mechanism of MN induction CREST anti-kinetochore antibody analysis was performed. The activities of both compounds were tested within the range of 50-500ìg\/ml on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. Overall, dicamba and Banvel® produced a NDI dose-dependent decrease but the response was statistically significant only in cultures treated with Banvel® at a 100-500ìg\/ml concentration range. A dose-dependent induction of MN was observed after dicamba- and Banvel® -treatments within the 50-400ìg\/ml and 50-500ìg\/ml concentration-ranges, respectively. Induction of NPBs and NBUDs was significantly enhanced by both test compounds. The NPBs\/MN ratio values found for dicamba and Banvel® were 0.04-0.11 and 0.05-0.18, respectively. Results clearly demonstrated that dicamba and Banvel® exerted both cyto- and genotoxic damage on CHO-K1 cells. Furthermore, the CBMN-cyt assay employed confirmed our previous investigations concerning the cellular and DNA damaging capabilities of dicamba and highlights that both clastogenic and aneugenic mechanisms are implicated in the MN induction.","palabras_clave":"Agroquimicos|Pesticidas|Genotoxicidad|Citotoxicidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113340,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Acute toxicity of chromium on Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Pisces: Poeciliidae)","resumen":"The acute toxicity of Cr(VI) upon 96 h of continuous exposure of the ten-spotted live-bearing fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns 1842) was evaluated (LC50\/96h) in the concentration from 0 to 45.5 mg L-1 Cr(VI) and found to be 21 mg L-1; Upon 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure, the LC50 values are 35.1, 27.5, and 24.0 and 21.4 mg L-1, respectively. No mortality was observed for controls or for the fish exposed at 3.2 mg L-1. Mortality at the highest Cr(VI) concentration within 24 h exposure was 63 % Cr(VI) is suggested to be used as positive control agent in piscine toxicity assessment, at least when C. decemmaculatus is involved. ","palabras_clave":"CHROMIUM|MORTALITY|LC-50|TEN-SPOTTED LIVE-BEARER|CNESTERODON DECEMMACULATUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113341,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Aspectos generales de la tecnología lítica de los sitios de Colonia El Chalía (SO de la provincia de Chubut, Argentina)","resumen":"Se presentan los resultados del análisis del material arqueológico proveniente de dos sitios de la colonia indígena El Chalía, ubicada en el SO de la provincia de Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina. Constituye un área reservada concedida al cacique Quilchamal y su tribu a principios del siglo XX y reviste un doble interés para los estudios arqueológicos. Por un lado, no se han realizado allí estudios previos de este tipo y, por otro, la Colonia permanece habitada hasta la actualidad por descendientes de las familias tehuelches a las que fue concedida. El objetivo principal de esta presentación es dar a conocer los resultados de las investigaciones arqueológicas realizadas en el área a través del estudio del material lítico de superficie que es el de mayor visibilidad actual.","palabras_clave":"CAZADORES RECOLECTORES|SUDOESTE CHUBUT|TECNOLOGIA LITICA|MATERIAL DE SUPERFICIE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113342,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multinuclear solid state NMR investigation of two polymorphic forms of Ciprofloxacin-saccharinate","resumen":"Two polymorphic forms of a novel pharmaceutical compound, ciprofloxacin-saccharinate (CIP-SAC), are analyzed using one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at fast magic angle spinning (MAS). Additionally 15N spectroscopy and 1H 13C correlation experiments were performed to complement our conclusions. The 1D 1H NMR spectra of CIP and complexes reveal valuable information about the ionic bonding between ciprofloxacin and saccharine. Additionally, these spectra allow us to perform a clear characterization of each solid form, giving the number of molecules per unit cell in one of the polymorphs. From 2D 1H?1H spectra obtained through double quantum correlations we can arrive at important conclusions about the hydrogen bonding, conformation, and intra and inter-molecular interactions present in these compounds. Comparing and contrasting the 1H?1H correlation data obtained for both polymorphic forms and taking into account the single crystal structure data existing for the solid form CIP-SAC (II) was possible to extract some conclusions on the polymorph CIP-SAC (I) where no single crystal information is available. 1H MAS NMR is shown to be an important tool in the field of polymorphism and for the characterization of multicomponent pharmaceutical compounds.","palabras_clave":"Solid state NMR|Polymorphic|Ciprofloxacin|Saccharinate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113343,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of AlSBA-3 mesoporous catalyst having variable silicon-to-aluminum ratios","resumen":"AlSBA-3 mesoporous catalytic materials with different Si\/Al ratios were synthesized; Al was incorporated in the mesoporous structure using the post-synthesis method. The catalysts were characterized using different techniques and methods, such as: XRD, BET, ICP, SEM microcopy, TEM microscopy and 27Al MAS NMR. Acidic properties were estimated by adsorption\u2013desorption using pyridine as probe molecule followed by FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR studies showed the acidic properties with aluminum incorporation; lower Si\/Al ratios increase the number of acid sites. Temperature-programmed desorption of pyridine showed that AlSBA-3 has a higher number of strong acid sites compared to other mesoporous materials such as Al-MCM-41, Al-SBA-15 and Al-SBA-16. It has been observed by 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy, that the materials exhibit peaks with shifts of 50 ± 2 ppm and weak signal at 0 ± 2 ppm. The AlSBA-3 materials used as a catalyst showed high performance in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of isopropanol.","palabras_clave":"AlSBA-3|Strength acidity|Acid sites|Aluminum incorporation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113344,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of predation risk and plant structure on vigilance and intermittent locomotion in Microcavia australis (Rodentia, Caviidae)","resumen":"        The aim of this study was to analyze and compare vigilance behavior and  intermittent locomotion at two sites (El Leoncito and Ñacuñán, Argentina) that differ in predation risk,  plant structure and plant resource availability. Subjects were lesser cavies (Microcavia australis), a social species  that is semi-fossorial, diurnal and native to South America. Continuous focal sampling was  conducted during the day, at times of food shortage, food abundance and  reproduction, from 2003 to 2005. The proportion of time spent vigilant was  significantly higher at Ñacuñán, where vigilance peaked at midday and reached a minimum in the  evening. This midday peak of vigilance at Ñacuñán was associated  with a midday  peak of danger from raptors as indicated by a raptor activity peak at that  time. In contrast, both vigilance and predator activity at El Leoncito were  constant through the day. Records of intermittent locomotion and number and  duration of pauses in locomotion were significantly higher at El Leoncito, a  difference that may have been due to the need for greater vigilance while  moving across areas of less protective cover at this site.","palabras_clave":"vigilance|predation risk|plant structure|Microcavia australis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113345,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Conformational Flexibility of Lipase Lip1 from Candida Rugosa","resumen":"We have used second-order orthogonal designsto obtain empirical models that describe the combinedeffect of pH and temperature on the secondary structure ofa lipase (Lip1) from Candida rusosa. The equations that describe lipase conformational flexibility were derivatedfrom the enzyme alpha helix fraction obtained from theexperimental matrix. The thermal unfolding of lipase atdifferent pH values was followed by measuring the circulardichroism signal as a function of temperature over a temperaturerange of 20\u201380 C. The results showed a melting temperature of 58.9 C at pH 5.5, while at pHs 7.0 and 8.6, the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.temperature of 58.9 C at pH 5.5, while at pHs 7.0 and 8.6, the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.temperature of 58.9 C at pH 5.5, while at pHs 7.0 and 8.6, the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.the temperature values were 50.2 C and 36.1 C respectively. The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzymesecondary structure and not due to a result of a progressivedenaturation process. From the values of thermodynamicfunctions at different pHs, the system at initial state ofunfolding process is previously disordered by the pHeffect.The optimum experimental conditions of conformationswith high content of alpha helix were found at hightemperature and pH, both at zero time and at one-hourincubation time of enzyme. Important variations in theenzyme secondary structure were induced for the pH andtemperature. In contrast, minor changes were observedduring the incubation time. This behaviour suggests thatthe medium pH induces a modification in the enzyme","palabras_clave":"LIPASE|CANDIDA RUGOSE|CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113346,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cationic polyelectrolytes\u2013lipases complexes formation as tool for recovery of","resumen":"In the present paper the formation of complexes between positively charge polyelectrolyte(polyethyleneimine and chitosan) and Candida rugosa lipase from a crude extract and porcine lipase from pancreas commercial homogenate preparations were analyzed. The solubility of lipases\u2013cationicfrom pancreas commercial homogenate preparations were analyzed. The solubility of lipases\u2013cationicfrom pancreas commercial homogenate preparations were analyzed. The solubility of lipases\u2013cationicfrom pancreas commercial homogenate preparations were analyzed. The solubility of lipases\u2013cationicfrom pancreas commercial homogenate preparations were analyzed. The solubility of lipases\u2013cationicCandida rugosa lipase from a crude extract and porcine lipase from pancreas commercial homogenate preparations were analyzed. The solubility of lipases\u2013cationic\u2013cationic polyelectrolytes formation was dependent on: polyelectrolyte densities electrical charge, polyelectrolyteand enzyme concentrations and salts present in the solution. The lipase was recovered from the nonsolublenonsoluble complex by adding of NaCl at a given pH. Although the polyelectrolytes did not affect lipasebiological activity, both of them produced good enzyme recovery (&gt;90%); however, purification factorswere low. This methodology appears to be a good previous prepurification and concentration method,using, low-cost polymers, allows the design of a purification method where the protein of interest ispresent in a large volume with respect to the small amount of polyelectrolyte added.","palabras_clave":"lipase|polyelectrolytes|precipitation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113347,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation of a Aspergillus niger lipase from a solid culture medium with aqueous","resumen":"The aim of this work is to find the best conditions to isolate lipase from a solid culture medium of&nbsp; Aspergillus niger NRRL3 strains using queous two-phase systems formed with polyethylene glycol and&nbsp; potassium phosphate or polyethylene glycol and sodium citrate. We studied the partitioning of a commercial&nbsp; lyophilizate from A. niger. Also, the lipase enzymatic activity was studied in all the phases of the&nbsp; systems and the results indicate that citrate anion increases lipase activity. An analysis by fluorescence&nbsp; spectroscopy of the interaction between lipase and the bottom and top phases of the systems shows that&nbsp; the protein tryptophan-environments are modified by the presence of PEG and salts. Separation of the&nbsp; enzyme from the rest of the proteins that make up the lyophilized was achieved with good yield and&nbsp; separation factor by ATPS formed by PEG 1000\/Pi at pH 7, PEG 2000\/Ci at pH 5.2 and PEG 4000\/Ci at pH&nbsp; 5.2. The above mentioned systems were used in order to isolate extracellular lipase from a strain of A.&nbsp; niger in submerged culture and solid culture. The best system for solid culture, with high purification&nbsp; factor (30.50), is the PEG 4000\/Ci at pH 5.2. The enzyme was produced in a solid culture medium whose&nbsp; production is simple and recovered in a phase poor in polymer, bottom phase. An additional advantage&nbsp; is that the citrate produces less pollution than the phosphate. This methodology could be used as a first&nbsp; step for the isolation of the extracellular lipase from A. niger.Aspergillus niger NRRL3 strains using queous two-phase systems formed with polyethylene glycol and&nbsp; potassium phosphate or polyethylene glycol and sodium citrate. We studied the partitioning of a commercial&nbsp; lyophilizate from A. niger. Also, the lipase enzymatic activity was studied in all the phases of the&nbsp; systems and the results indicate that citrate anion increases lipase activity. An analysis by fluorescence&nbsp; spectroscopy of the interaction between lipase and the bottom and top phases of the systems shows that&nbsp; the protein tryptophan-environments are modified by the presence of PEG and salts. Separation of the&nbsp; enzyme from the rest of the proteins that make up the lyophilized was achieved with good yield and&nbsp; separation factor by ATPS formed by PEG 1000\/Pi at pH 7, PEG 2000\/Ci at pH 5.2 and PEG 4000\/Ci at pH&nbsp; 5.2. The above mentioned systems were used in order to isolate extracellular lipase from a strain of A.&nbsp; niger in submerged culture and solid culture. The best system for solid culture, with high purification&nbsp; factor (30.50), is the PEG 4000\/Ci at pH 5.2. The enzyme was produced in a solid culture medium whose&nbsp; production is simple and recovered in a phase poor in polymer, bottom phase. An additional advantage&nbsp; is that the citrate produces less pollution than the phosphate. This methodology could be used as a first&nbsp; step for the isolation of the extracellular lipase from A. niger.","palabras_clave":"lipase|partition|aqueous two phase systems"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113348,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of stabilizers cosolutes on catalase conformation","resumen":"The effects of sucrose, mannitol and betaine on the thermodynamic stability and the conformational&nbsp; state of the catalase enzyme were analyzed in order to understand the molecular mechanism whereby&nbsp; the solutes stabilized the enzyme. Catalase was selected as the model enzyme because it is used in&nbsp; several biotechnological processes. In the presence of each cosolute, our data have shown that there was&nbsp; a significant increase in the thermal stability of catalase. A minor stabilization in the enzyme secondary&nbsp; structure were induced by these cosolutes, as circular dichroism in the far UV region has demonstrated.&nbsp; Furthermore, our results support the idea that the overall native structure of catalase becomes more&nbsp; rigid, at least in certain surface areas, in the presence of the assayed stabilizers. This last finding can be reasonably explained by the exclusion mechanism of cosolutes from the protein surface which increases&nbsp; the structured water around this area.","palabras_clave":"Protein stability|catalase|cosolutes|stabilizer"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113349,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An immunohistochemical study of the gut neuroendocrine system in juvenile pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes)","resumen":"In this study, several neuropeptides were identified by immunohistochemistry in neuroendocrine cells (NECs) located in the gut epithelium and nerve cell bodies of the enteric nervous system of Odontesthes bonariensis, a species that is a promising candidate for intensive aquaculture.  The neuropeptides involved in orexigenic or anorexigenic action, i.e. gastrin, cholecystokinin-8, neuropeptide Y and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), displayed a significantly higher number of immunoreactive NECs in the anterior intestine, suggesting that this region of the gut plays an important role in the peripheral control of food intake. On the other hand, leu-enkephalin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), both associated with the modulation of the enteric immune system, showed no significant variations in the mean value of immunopositive NECs between the anterior and posterior intestine. This may indicate that their activity is required at a similar level along the entire gut. In addition, CGRP- and VIP-immunoreactive neurons and nerve fibres were observed in the myenteric plexus, which might exert synergistic effects with the neuropeptides immunolocalized in NECs.","palabras_clave":"immunohistochemistry|neuroendocrine cells|neuropeptides"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113350,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The submandibular musculature of Phyllomedusinae (Anura: Hylidae): A reappraisal","resumen":"The submandibular musculature of 37species of the five currently recognized genera of thesubfamily Phyllomedusinae (Anura: Hylidae) isdescribed; observations are made on the variation andontogeny of these muscles. Supplementary apical elementsof the m. intermandibularis occur in all phyllomedusinesstudied, in addition to the supplementary posterolateralelements previously reported. Our observationsare discussed in the context of 1) the proposedhomology between supplementary apical and posterolateralelements; 2) the homology with the apical elementsreported for Pelodryadinae (sister taxon of Phyllomedusinae);and 3) the implications for our understanding ofthe relationships between Phyllomedusinae and Pelodryadinae.Anatomical differences between the apicaland posterolateral elements and their co-occurrence inphyllomedusines indicate that these supplementary elementsare not homologous. Despite differences betweenphyllomedusines and pelodryadines in the adhesion ofsupplementary fibers to the principal element of the m.intermandibularis and the occurrence of a broad aponeurosisor a medial raphe, the extensive morphological anddevelopmental resemblances of the apical elements indicatethat these structures are homologous, and that thepresence of apical elements is a synapomorphy of Phyllomedusinae1 Pelodryadinae.","palabras_clave":"Phyllomedusinae|Pelodryadinae|submandibular musculature|Systematics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113351,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Early development of two species of Phyllomedusa (Anura: Phyllomedusinae)","resumen":"We present a comparative study of early development of Phyllomedusa azurea and P. sauvagii, in order to discuss morphological and ontogenetic variations of ecological and systematic interest. Similarities between the species include the large, yolk-rich eggs, the curled embryos at tail bud stage, the large external gills, and the sequential development of mouthparts. The main difference is the morphology and development of adhesive glands. Most of these characters can be related to leaf nest spawning and a long intracapsular period. The plasticity in the time of hatching (as observed in related genus Agalychnis), and its relation with embryonic and larval morphology and ecology remain open questions in this genus.","palabras_clave":"frog"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113352,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Karyotypic Data on 28 Species of Scinax (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae): Diversity and Informative Variation","resumen":"  &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Font Definitions *\/  @font-face  \t{font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tpanose-1:0 2 2 6 3 5 4 5 2 3;  \tmso-font-charset:0;  \tmso-generic-font-family:auto;  \tmso-font-pitch:variable;  \tmso-font-signature:50331648 0 0 0 1 0;}  @font-face  \t{font-family:TimesNewRoman;  \tpanose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;  \tmso-font-alt:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-font-charset:77;  \tmso-generic-font-family:roman;  \tmso-font-format:other;  \tmso-font-pitch:auto;  \tmso-font-signature:50331648 0 0 0 1 0;}   \/* Style Definitions *\/  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0in;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';}  table.MsoNormalTable  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tfont-size:10.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';}  @page Section1  \t{size:595.0pt 842.0pt;  \tmargin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in;  \tmso-header-margin:.5in;  \tmso-footer-margin:.5in;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;              The hylid frog  genus Scinax is  the most species-rich within Hylinae, with more than 90 recognized species,  grouped in the Scinax catharinae and Scinax ruber clades. Cytogenetic information about Scinax is scarce, with data available for only 19  species, including NORs position in five of them. The karyotypes of 14 species of  the Scinax catharinae clade  and 14 of the S. ruber  clade were analyzed,  several of them for the first time. All the analyzed species presented 2n=2x=24  biarmed chromosomes (FN=48), without identifiable sex chromosomes, and  relatively similar karyotypes. There are three states associated with the  morphology of pair 1, each corresponding to the S. catharinae and S. perpusillus groups, both within the S. catharinae clade, and the third to the S. ruber clade. The size of chromosome pair 1 and  the morphology of pairs 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 also differentiate the species of  both major clades. Species of the S. ruber clade  in general have NORs in pair 11, as is commonly observed among hylines with  2n=24. The position in the long arms of pair 11 is interstitial in S. fuscomarginatus, S. fuscovarius, S. nasicus, S. similis, S. squalirostris, and S. uruguayus, and terminal in S. acuminatus, S. curicica, S. duartei, S. granulatus, S. hayii, and S. perereca. The single exception among species of  the S. ruber clade  is S. alter, that has terminal Ag-NORs at the long  arms of pair 3 which may be autapomorphic. Most species of the S. catharinae clade have NORs in pair 6, corresponding  to a putative synapomorphy of this clade, while the NORs in pair 11 that occurs  in S. canastrensis  is most  parsimoniously interpreted as a reversion. C-banding is predominantly  centromeric, but in the S.  catharinae clade  there is a greater amount of heterochromatin than in the S. ruber clade. This study corroborates the occurrence  of informative variation, some already considered in a previous cladistic  analysis, and reports new characters, outlining the significance of cytogenetic  data for the systematics of Scinax.  ","palabras_clave":"Hylidae|Scinax|karyotypes|Systematics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113353,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The identity of Eupemphix fuscomaculatus Steindachner, 1864 (Amphibia: Anura)","resumen":"Eupemphix fuscomaculatus Steindachner, 1864 was described on the basis of a single specimen collected at Caiçara, Mato Grosso, Brazil. This species, currently included in the genus Pleurodema, experienced a confusing taxonomic history and is supposedly known only from the holotype and seven specimens from Río Apa, Paraguay, collected by Alfredo Borelli in 1893\u20131894. Examination of Steindachner\u2019s holotype and Borelli\u2019s specimens revealed that: (1) they are not conspecific; (2) E. fuscomaculatus is a junior synonym of Physalaemus biligonigerus (Cope, 1861 \u201C1860\u201D); and (3) the specimens from Río Apa, Paraguay, could not be distinguished by their morphology or ploidy either from Pleurodema bibroni or P. kriegi, and are referred here as Pleurodema bibroni based on ecological considerations. Contrary to a recent proposal, the presence of vomerine teeth is not considered diagnostic for the genus Pleurodema, as they are absent in seven of the thirteen species of Pleurodema examined. In addition, we propose to amend the type locality of P. biligonigerus to the surroundings of La Paz, Entre Ríos Province, Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Brazil|Mato Grosso|Paraguay|Physalaemus|Pleurodema|axonomy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113354,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cortical deficits of emotional face processing in adults with ADHD: its relation to social cognition and executive function","resumen":"Although it has been shown that adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impaired social cognition, no previous study has reported the brain correlates of face valence processing. This study looked for behavioral, neuropsychological, and electrophysiological markers of emotion processing for faces (N170) in adult ADHD compared to controls matched by age, gender, educational level, and handedness. We designed an event-related potential (ERP) study based on a dual valence task (DVT), in which faces and words were presented to test the effects of stimulus type (faces, words, or face-word stimuli) and valence (positive versus negative). Individual signatures of cognitive functioning in participants with ADHD and controls were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, including executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM). Compared to controls, the adult ADHD group showed deficits in N170 emotion modulation for facial stimuli. These N170 impairments were observed in the absence of any deficit in facial structural processing, suggesting a specific ADHD impairment in early facial emotion modulation. The cortical current density mapping of N170 yielded a main neural source of N170 at posterior section of fusiform gyrus (maximum at left hemisphere for words and right hemisphere for faces and simultaneous stimuli). Neural generators of N170 (fusiform gyrus) were reduced in ADHD. In those patients, N170 emotion processing was associated with performance on an emotional inference ToM task, and N170 from simultaneous stimuli was associated with EF, especially working memory. This is the first report to reveal an adult ADHD-specific impairment in the cortical modulation of emotion for faces and an association between N170 cortical measures and ToM and EF.","palabras_clave":"ADHD|TOM|EMOTIONAL_FACE_PROCESSING|N170"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113355,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An online tool to identify clerical worker profiles in relation to their skills and cognitive stressors","resumen":"Abstract Information Society has produced a change of paradigm for clerical job analysis: from the visual VDT paradigm to the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) paradigm. Nowadays, visual and cognitive stressors coexist in ITC work, hence, mental strain analysis is a key for achieving efficiency, wellbeing, satisfaction and safety. This methodology, a snowball sampled online survey, characterizes ICT user profiles. Dimensions based on e-skills and user attitudes are proposed: Empathy, resources, and dependency. Internal consistency of the tool was tested in a pilot study (n=29). A new sample (n=96) was reached in which the new dimensions and cognitive stressors where analyzed and correlated with the user skills by means of paired T- tests. ","palabras_clave":"COGNITION|STRAIN|OFICE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113356,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF NATURAL LIGHT TO ILLUMINATE BUILDINGS IN DENSE URBAN ENVIRONMENT. A STUDY IN MENDOZA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Cities display an array of microclimates closely related to the composition of their surfaces and the relationships among their structures. The effect of the shadow cast by a high-rise building is a simple case of this situation. The incidence of the shadow on other buildings or urban spaces can be positive or negative, according to the bioclimatic requirements of the place and season. The understanding of the cause of these effects is key information that helps when planning new urban complexes or refurbishing existing ones.Aiming at sustainable urban design, the building sector\u2019s energy efficiency, associated with bioclimatic&nbsp;design guidelines, is the most adequate way to achieve the desired goal and its consideration must be a priority in every situation where a high substitution potential of fossil by renewable energies exists, and it is available through control of the urban environment\u2019s morphology. To make the solar energy use feasible in urban environments it is necessary to incorporate design guidelines into building and urban normative as parts of integral planning by compatibilizing desirable levels of solar access with urban density and considering shape and orientation of parcels, buildings and streets. The paper presents the results of a study in Mendoza City, Argentina, on the daylighting potential in residential buildings, obtained through simulation and measurements \u201Cin situ\u201D. The electric energy&nbsp;consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientationTo make the solar energy use feasible in urban environments it is necessary to incorporate design guidelines into building and urban normative as parts of integral planning by compatibilizing desirable levels of solar access with urban density and considering shape and orientation of parcels, buildings and streets. The paper presents the results of a study in Mendoza City, Argentina, on the daylighting potential in residential buildings, obtained through simulation and measurements \u201Cin situ\u201D. The electric energy&nbsp;consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientationTo make the solar energy use feasible in urban environments it is necessary to incorporate design guidelines into building and urban normative as parts of integral planning by compatibilizing desirable levels of solar access with urban density and considering shape and orientation of parcels, buildings and streets. The paper presents the results of a study in Mendoza City, Argentina, on the daylighting potential in residential buildings, obtained through simulation and measurements \u201Cin situ\u201D. The electric energy&nbsp;consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation consumed for lighting was analyzed, comparing different unit values for the apartments in the buildings of the city, considering their morphology and orientation","palabras_clave":"Natural light|Building morphological|Urban planning"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113357,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Developing a Modelling Factor Index for Transition Spaces: A Case Study Approach","resumen":"Transitional spaces (TS) are characterized by possession of high gradients of luminances between inside and out, which places a great demand on the users\u2019 visual system's function. A satisfactory descriptive indicator of this kind of situation could be a \u2018modelling factor\u2019 (MF), defined from cylindrical illuminance and horizontal illuminance measures. It would provide information on the depth and dimensionality of objects present in the scene, also taking into account a region's overabundance of daylight. A public building was selected as a case study, and solar light behaviour, including its interaction with the space, was monitored. Measurements were taken during an entire year at the start of each season (2008) under clear skies, at the beginning and at the end of each working day. Another measurement was taken in winter (2009) under overcast skies at 13:00, so as to obtain a comparative parameter. It was found that unfavourable conditions were produced in all seasons for about 2 hours, except at 09:15 in winter. All the data collected in the control situation were within the optimum modelling range, with values ranging between 0.3 and 0.4. The MF allows the integration of most relevant factors intervening in TS and emerges as a good descriptor for TS.","palabras_clave":"TRANSITIONAL SPACE|VISUAL ADAPTATION|DAYLIGHT IMPACT|LIGHT MODELLING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113358,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"FILTROS DE CONTROL SOLAR SOBRE SUPERFICIES VIDRIADAS. EVALUACIÓN LUMÍNICA MEDIANTE METRICAS DINÁMICAS Y PREFERENCIA DE USUARIOS.","resumen":"La radiación solar directa requiere la mediación del diseño para su control, para evitar situaciones de incomodidad visual que conllevan al bloqueo de los aventanamientos, generando espacios sombríos que requieren de energía eléctrica para la iluminación, resultando energéticamente no sustentables. El presente trabajo evalúa mediante métodos objetivos y subjetivos el factor de iluminación y la percepción visual en un espacio completamente vidriado y las consecuencias de aplicar en el mismo, filtros de control solar. El uso de estos últimos produce un aumento de 0.58KWh\/m2 para alcanzar la iluminancia necesaria diurna por otra parte provocan importantes modificaciones en la percepción. Asimismo reflexiona sobre la importancia del uso de métricas dinámicas como parámetros más representativos del acondicionamiento lumínico natural de los espacios en climas soleados, destacando la necesidad de concienciar a los profesionales proyectistas de la importancia del uso de la iluminación natural como recurso disponible para el adecuado acondicionamiento lumínico en espacios interiores y su consecuente ahorro energético.","palabras_clave":"ILUMINACIÓN NATURAL|FILTROS|PERCEPCIÓN VISUAL|MÉTRICAS DINAMICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113359,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Combustion of diesel soot in NO\/O2 presence. Cesium nitrate and gold catalysts","resumen":"La combustion de soot, se estudio usando catalizadores de nitrato de cesio y\/o con oro sobre hidroxido de circonio y silice. Se caracterizaron por colorimetria, analisis elemental, espectrometria de absorcion atomica, XRD, FTIR, TPR y XPS.La actividad se midio en termobalanza y en reactor de lecho fijo.Los catalizadores fueron activos y el oro aumento la selectividad a CO2","palabras_clave":"CESIUM NITRATE | GOLD|COMBUSTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113360,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reflexiones sobre falacias conceptuales y acciones concomitantes en políticas urbanas y sociales en Argentina","resumen":"Dos estilos de búsquedas de explicación de la realidad parecen dibujarse en el ámbitoacadémico, donde constituyen y son constitutivos tanto de lo que podríamos denominarel ámbito del descubrimiento, conocimiento, saberes, así como de las trayectorias, o,mejor dicho, las carreras profesionales en lo que se denomina \u201Cla investigación\u201D, conéxitos disímiles entre los que se inscriben en uno u otro camino.","palabras_clave":"ESTILOS INVESTIGATIVOS|POLITICAS URBANAS|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113361,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lindane biodegradation by defined consortia of indigenous Streptomyces strains","resumen":"The current study aimed to compare lindane degradation by pure and mixed cultures of Streptomyces sp. Cell-free extracts were assayed for potentiating dechlorinase activity and, based on these results, consortia of two to six microorganisms were assayed for their growth on and degradation of lindane. Furthermore, the role of bacterial consortia of lindane-degrading strains was examined in lindane decontamination soil assays. Four actinobacteria, previously isolated from a pesticide-contaminated area, were selected because of their tolerance to lindane and their ability to use the pesticide as sole carbon source. These strains as well as Streptomyces sp. M7 and Streptomyces coelicolor A3 were used to study specific dechlorinase activity (SDA) and lindane removal in mixed cultures. Pure cultures presented SDA in the presence of 1.66&nbsp;mg L-1 lindane as carbon source. SDA was improved by certain mixed cultures until 12 times compared with pure cultures. Mixed cultures with two, three, and four strains showed maximum lindane removal of 46% to 68%, whereas combinations of five and six strains did not efficiently remove the pesticide from the culture medium. The Streptomyces sp. A2, A5, M7, and A11 consortium presented the lowest ratio between residual lindane concentration and SDA and could be a promising tool for lindane biodegradation.","palabras_clave":"LINDANE|ACTINOBACTERIA|DEGRADATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113362,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Soil chromium bioremediation: Synergic activity of actinobacteria and plants","resumen":"The aim of this work was to evaluate a strategy to reduce the bioavailable chromium fraction in soil,using a Cr(VI) resistant microorganism, Streptomyces sp. MC1, under non sterile conditions, with maizeplants as bioindicator and\/or bioremediator.Soil samples were contaminated with 100, 200 and 400 mg kg1of Cr(VI) or Cr(III). Bioavailablechromium (35%) was only detected in samples with Cr(VI). Soil samples with Cr(VI) 200 mg kg1wereinoculated with Streptomyces sp. MC1, and bioavailable chromium decreased up to 73%.Zea mays seedlings were planted in soil samples contaminated with chromium. Plantlets accumulatedchromium mainly as Cr(III), and biomass decreased up to 88%. Streptomyces sp. MC1 was inoculated insoil samples contaminated with 200 mg kg1of Cr(VI) and Z. mays seedlings were planted.Streptomyces sp. MC1 caused Z. mays biomass increase (57%), chromium accumulation and bioavail-able chromium decreased up to 46% and 96%, respectively.This work constitutes the &#64257;rst contribution of cooperative action between actinobacteria and Z. maysin the bioremediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soil. The large removal capacity of bioavailable chromiumby Streptomyces sp. MC1 and Z. mays infers that they could be successfully applied together in biore-mediation of soils contaminated with Cr(VI).","palabras_clave":"CHROMIUM|ACTINOBACTERIA|PLANTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113363,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Growth Temperature and Salinity Impact Fatty Acid Composition and Degree of Unsaturation in Peanut-Nodulating Rhizobia","resumen":"Growth and survival of bacteria depend on homeostasis of membrane   lipids, and the capacity to adjust lipid composition to              adapt to various environmental stresses. Membrane fluidity   is regulated in part by the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty              acids present in membrane lipids. Here, we studied the   effects of high growth temperature and salinity (NaCl) stress,   separately              or in combination, on fatty acids composition and de novo   synthesis in two peanut-nodulating Bradyrhizobium strains (fast-growing TAL1000 and slow-growing SEMIA6144). Both strains contained the fatty acids palmitic, stearic, and              cis-vaccenic&nbsp;+&nbsp;oleic. TAL1000 also contained eicosatrienoic acid and cyclopropane fatty acid. The most striking change, in both              strains, was a decreased percentage of cis-vaccenic&nbsp;+&nbsp;oleic   (80% for TAL1000), and an associated increase in saturated fatty   acids, under high growth temperature or              combined conditions. Cyclopropane fatty acid was   significantly increased in TAL1000 under the above conditions. De novo   synthesis              of fatty acids was shifted to the synthesis of a higher   proportion of saturated fatty acids under all tested conditions, but              to a lesser degree for SEMIA6144 compared to TAL1000. The   major adaptive response of these rhizobial strains to increased              temperature and salinity was an altered degree of fatty acid   unsaturation, to maintain the normal physical state of membrane              lipids","palabras_clave":"FATTY ACID COMPOSITION|FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS|ADAPTIVE RESPONSE|PEANUT-NODULATING RHIZOBIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113364,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"AEROBIC PATHWAY FOR UNSATURATED FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS IN PEANUT NODULATING RHIZOBIA","resumen":"In Bradyrhizobium sp TAL1000 and Ensifer meliloti 1021, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) play important role in maintaining the fluidity oof the membrane against a changein environmental conditions.","palabras_clave":"lipid|desaturase|rhizobacteria|legume"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113365,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison between structural changes of heat treated and transglutaminase cross-linked beta-lactoglobulin and their effects on foaming properties","resumen":"The main whey protein, b-lactoglobulin, was enzymatically modified by transglutaminase and analyzed for structural and conformational changes and their impact in protein foaming properties: foamability and foam stability. Solutions containing 25 mg mL-1 of b-lactoglobulin, 0.07 M cysteine in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 8.0 were incubated with transglutaminase, at a level of 1 U g-1 substrate, for different periods of time: 30, 60, 120 and 180 min. Protein structural characterization was discussed based on electrophoresis, fluorescence and viscosity studies. Comparison between the effects on foaming properties of this enzymatic treatment with those produced by heating, assayed in a previous work, was made. While 3 min was pointed as the critical time in heating treatment, 60 min was identified as the corresponding crucial time for transglutaminase treatment. The most significant conformational change, the greatest amount of dimers and trimers, and approximately the same proportion among protein species were verified at these times. Foamabilities were similar regardless of the treatment, but foam stability for heated beta-lactoglobulin, measured through the change in foam volume with time is 250% higher than the same property for the protein enzymatically treated. Heating produces a higher degree of unfolding and index of surface hydrophobicity; less compact and more asymmetrical structures, with higher flexibility, which implies a greater capacity of rearrangement in the interface, producing a stiffer viscoelastic film. This improved film can be responsible for the higher foam volume stability.","palabras_clave":"BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN|HEATING TREATMENT|TRANSGLUTAMINASE|PROTEIN AGGREGATES|FOAMING PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113366,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of heat-treated beta-lactoglobulin and its aggregates on foaming properties","resumen":"The effects on foaming properties of the aggregates formed by heating concentrate beta-lactoglobulin solutions (55 mg mL-1, pH 6.8) at 85 ºC from 1 to 15 min were investigated. Structural characteristics (size and molecular conformation), hydrophobicity and protein aggregates proportion were also studied. All tested methods pointed at 3 min of heating as a critical time, in terms of conformational changes andaggregation processes. At this time, the most significant conformational changes took place: non-native monomers were present and the greatest amount of dimers and trimers was produced, which was proved with the results of gel densitometry of SDS-PAGE, fluorescence quenching and circular dichroism tests. Foamability and foam stability were both improved by pre-heating the protein. A constant proportion among beta-lactoglobulin species (monomer 51%, dimer 33% and trimer 16%), regardless the protein concentration, led to the same results on foaming properties, confirming the link with structural changes. Aggregates formed by heating beta-lactoglobulin up to 10 min produced more stabilized foams, slowing down disproportionation, because of the formation of stiffer films. The increase in surface hydrophobicity was considered a decisive factor in the improved foamability and hydrophobic interactions improved the foam stability trough the rapid formation of a viscoelastic film.","palabras_clave":"BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN|HEAT-TREATMENT|PROTEIN AGGREGATES|FOAMING PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113367,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Solving Three Body Breakup problems with outgoing-flux asymptotic conditions","resumen":"An analytically solvable three-body collision system (s wave) model is used to test two different theoretical methods. The first one is a configuration interaction expansion of the scattering wave function using a basis set of Generalized Sturmian Functions (GSF) with purely outgoing flux (CISF), introduced recently in A. L. Frapicinni, J. M. Randazzo, G. Gasaneo, and F. D. Colavecchia [ J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 43 101001 (2010)]. The second one is a finite element method (FEM) calculation performed with a commercial code. Both methods are employed to analyze different ways of modeling the asymptotic behavior of the wave function in finite computational domains. The asymptotes can be simulated very accurately by choosing hyperspherical or rectangular contours with the FEM software. In contrast, the CISF method can be defined both in an infinite domain or within a confined region in space. We found that the hyperspherical (rectangular) FEM calculation and the infinite domain (confined) CISF evaluation are equivalent. Finally, we apply these models to the Temkin-Poet approach of hydrogen ionization.","palabras_clave":"three-body-breakup problems|asymptotic conditions|STURMIAN FUNCTIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113368,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Double photoionization of endohedrally confined atoms","resumen":"falta","palabras_clave":"Endohedral atoms|ionization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113369,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Computational methods for Generalized Sturmians basis","resumen":"The computational techniques needed to generate a two-body Generalized  Sturmian basis are described. These basis are obtained as a solution of  the Schrödinger equation, with two-point boundary conditions. This  equation includes two central potentials: A general auxiliary potential  and a short-range generating potential. The auxiliary potential is, in  general, long-range and it determines the asymptotic behavior of all  the basis elements. The short-range generating potential rules the  dynamics of the inner region. The energy is considered a fixed  parameter, while the eigenvalues are the generalized charges. Although  the finite differences scheme leads to a generalized eigenvalue matrix  system, it cannot be solved by standard computational linear algebra  packages. Therefore, we developed computational routines to calculate  the basis with high accuracy and low computational time. The precise  charge eigenvalues with more than 12 significant figures along with the  corresponding wave functions can be computed on a single processor  within seconds.","palabras_clave":"Generalized Sturmian functions|Atomic spectra|Continuum spectra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113370,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential control of light-dark adaptation in the ocelli and compound eyes of Triatoma infestans","resumen":"The adaptation to light of compound eyes in insects has been extensively documented and their adaptive role is well understood. Much less attention has been paid, however, to the control of ocelli sensitivity, a study which could help us to understand the functional role of these simple eyes. We analyzed the dynamic changes in the distribution of screening pigments which occur in the ocelli of the haematophagous bug, Triatoma infestans, when the insects are subjected either to light\/dark cycles (LD), to constant darkness (DD) or constant light (LL). We then compared these changes with those occurring in the compound eyes of the same individuals and found that, while compound eyes are subject to the control of an endogenous circadian clock, the adaptation of the ocelli is entirely dependent on environmental illumination. In addition, we have observed that environmental temperature is not involved in the control of screening pigments in either ocelli or compound eyes as a direct stimulus, nor as a Zeitgeber. The existence of a differential control in the components of the dual visual system represents an adaptive advantage in the adjustment of visual sensitivity in insects exposed to quick changes in lighting conditions in their natural habitat. We discuss the implications of our findings with regards to the biology of triatomines and with respect to the general understanding the functional role of insect ocelli.","palabras_clave":"Ocelli|Light\/dark adaptation|Circadian rhythm|Chagas disease vectors|Triatominae|Haematophagous bug"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113371,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Scattering of particles with inclusions. Modeling and inverse problem solution in the Rayleigh- Gans approximation","resumen":"An analytic model for the scattering of a spherical particle with spherical inclusions  has been proposed under the RG approximation. The model can be used without limitations to  describe an X-ray scattering experiment. However, for light scattering several conditions must  be fulfilled. Based on this model an inverse methodology is proposed to estimate the radii of  host particle and inclusions, the number of inclusions and the Distance Distribution Functions  (DDF\u2019s) of the distances between inclusions and the distances between inclusions and the  origin of coordinates. The methodology is numerically tested in a light scattering example in  which the host particle is eliminated by matching the refractive indices of host particle and  medium. The results obtained for this cluster particle are very satisfactory.","palabras_clave":"SCATTERING|INVERSE PROBLEM|RAYLEIGH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113372,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Model of polymicrobial peritonitis that induces the proinflammatory and immunosuppressive phases of sepsis","resumen":"Severe sepsis is associated with early release of inflammatory mediators that contribute to the morbidity andmortality observed during the first stages of this syndrome. Although sepsis is a deadly, acute disease, highmortality rates have been observed in patients displaying evidence of sepsis-induced immune deactivation.Although the contribution of experimental models to the knowledge of pathophysiological and therapeuticaspects of human sepsis is undeniable, most of the current studies using animal models have focused on theacute, proinflammatory phase. We developed a murine model that reproduces the early acute phases but alsothe long-term consequences of human sepsis. We induced polymicrobial acute peritonitis (AP) by establishinga surgical connection between the cecum and the peritoneum, allowing the exit of intestinal bacteria. Using thismodel, we observed an acute phase with high mortality, leukopenia, increased interleukin-6 levels, bacteremia,and neutrophil activation. A peak of leukocytosis on day 9 or 10 revealed the persistence of the infection withinthe lung and liver, with inflammatory hepatic damage being shown by histological examination. Long-term (20days) derangements in both innate and adaptive immune responses were found, as demonstrated by impairedsystemic tumor necrosis factor alpha production in response to an inflammatory stimulus; a decreased primaryhumoral immune response and T cell proliferation, associated with an increased number of myeloid suppressorcells (Gr-1 CD11b) in the spleen; and a low clearance capacity. This model provides a good approachto attempt novel therapeutic interventions directed to augmenting host immunity during late sepsis. CD11b) in the spleen; and a low clearance capacity. This model provides a good approachto attempt novel therapeutic interventions directed to augmenting host immunity during late sepsis.","palabras_clave":"modelo|sepsis|inmunosupresion|raton"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113373,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tropical Pacific interactions in the WCRP-CMIP3 multi-model dataset","resumen":"The ability of numerical  models in reproducing the observed statistical links between the sea surface  temperature of central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean  is analyzed in this paper. Significant links in the whole spectrum of frequency  were studied for models of the World Climate Research Program  (WCRP-CMIP3\/IPCC-AR4) using the methodology of wavelet coherence. During the  second half of the 20th century, in-phase or quasi-in-phase links in  oscillations of 2-6 yrs, a lack of relation in oscillations of 8-12 yrs and  time lagged links in the longest periodicities are detected in the observed  dataset. Some of the analyzed models are able to reproduce the observed  relationships in oscillations shorter than 6 yrs and few of them also reproduce  the lacks of significant relation in the band of 8-12 yrs. On the other hand,  all models have serious problems to represent the observed time lagged links in  the longest waves. The analysis shows that climate models are still unable to  reproduce specific features of tropical Pacific interactions with potential  effect on the Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation and, in particular,  the South American climatic variability.","palabras_clave":"SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE|TROPICAL PACIFIC|GLOBAL CLIMATE MODELS|OCEANIC INTERACTIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113374,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biological effects of magnesium particles degradation on UMR-106 cell line: influence of fluoride treatments","resumen":"Mg-based materials are promising for orthopedic, dental, and cardiovascular applications but their high degradation rate in vivo (release of Mg ions and debris particles) is cause of great concern. Protective treatments involving fluoride conversion coatings have been proposed in order to reduce corrosion rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate Mg debris biodegradation and its possible cytotoxic effects on osteoblastic cells in situ.  Neutral red dying and acridine orange staining techniques were used as endpoints to analyze the cytotoxic effects at 100-2000 µg\/mL concentration range. Results showed a marked variation of Mg ion concentration in the culture medium after different exposure periods (1, 2, or 24h). Interestingly, the release rate of magnesium particles (MP) with and without fluoride treatment and the concentration of Mg ions was dependent on the presence or absence of cells. Adverse effects induced by &#61619; 1000 µg\/mL MP doses and Mg ion concentrations higher than 480 µg\/mL were observed on cells. Results showed significant differences between the concentration of Mg ions in the presence and absence of cells. This fact reveals a dynamic equilibrium mediated by Mg ion input and output in the cells that leads to the change in MP corrosion rates. Fluoride release from conversion coatings did not show cytotoxic effects.","palabras_clave":"magnesium|biodegradation|biomaterial|fluoride"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113375,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis en tiempo-frecuencia de la conexión entre la atmósfera y el océano Pacífico tropical","resumen":"En este trabajo son exploradas las relaciones entre  el Indice de Oscilación Sur (SOI) y la temperatura de la superficie del mar  (TSM) tanto del Pacifico tropical como de la región subtropical del Pacífico  Sur para las diferentes bandas del espacio de tiempo-frecuencia mediante la  transformada de ondeleta (transformada wavelet). En el Pacífico tropical  central, los resultados muestran que el conocido sistema acoplado El  Niño-Oscilación Sur (ENOS) caracterizado por simultáneas anomalías positivas  (negativas) del SOI y negativas (positivas) de la TSM ocurre en todo el espacio  de frecuencias. Sin embargo, estas relaciones significativas con el SOI se  interrumpen en el océano tropical oeste en oscilaciones alrededor de 8 años  cerca del destacado cambio climático de 1976\/77. En las periodicidades más  largas, el SOI tiene una débil relación con las áreas del océano tropical oeste  y no tiene conexión con las regiones del este. Los índices de TSM subtropical  exhiben relaciones complejas con el SOI. Estas son significativas pero no  estacionarias con la TSM  de la región del oeste, con la región central son detectadas solo estrechas  conexiones en específicas periodicidades y en la región este prácticamente  desaparecen. El análisis de series reconstruidas para periodos pre-instrumental  revela que las esporádicas desconexiones entre el SOI y el Pacifico tropical  fueron comunes durante los últimos siglos.","palabras_clave":"OSCILACION DEL SUR|EVENTOS EL NIÑO|OCEANO PACIFICO|TEMPERATURA DEL MAR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113376,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative study of fluoride conversion coatings formed on biodegradable powder metallurgy Mg: The effect of chlorides at physiological level","resumen":"The development of a biodegradable metallic implant demands a precisely defined degradation profile and adequate mechanical properties. Mg has been proposed for this purpose but it has an excessively high corrosion rate and insufficient yield strength. In the present work pure Mg mechanically reinforced by a powder metallurgy (Mg(PM)) route and treated with KF was used. The effect of chlorides, at the physiological level, on four fluoride conversion coatings (F-CC) formed on Mg(PM) was evaluated comparatively. The behavior of Mg(PM) during fluoride treatments (0.01 M?0.3 Mfluoride-containing solutions) before and after the addition of chlorides (8 g L&#8722;1 NaCl) was investigated by conventional corrosion techniques and byscanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) complemented with SEM observations and EDX analysis. Results showed that the composition and the microstructural characteristics of the F-CCs as well as their corrosion behavior change with KF concentration and immersion time. Treatments in the 0.01 M?0.1 M KF range prove to be effective to protect Mg(PM) against corrosion in the absence of chlorides while higher KF solution concentration (0.3 M) adversely affects the corrosion resistance of this metal. In the presence of chloride ions the F-CCs progressively lose their fluoride content and their corrosion resistance at a rate that depends on the treatment conditions. Such temporary corrosion protection is appropriate for biodegradableimplants.","palabras_clave":"MAGNESIUM|CORROSION|FLUORIDE|BIODEGRADABLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113377,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of the Dll4-Notch system in PGF2alpha induced luteolysis in the pregnant rat","resumen":"We investigated the expression and cell localization of NOTCH1, NOTCH4 and the ligand DlLL4 in corpus luteum (CL) from pregnant rats during PGF2alpha-induced luteolysis. We also examined serum progesterone (P(4)) and CL proteins related to apoptosis after local administration of the notch inhibitor DAPT. Specific staining for NOTCH1 and 4 receptors was detected predominantly in large and small luteal cells. Furthermore, the staining was evident in the nuclei of luteal cells in coincidence with the fact that the notch intracellular domain is translocated to the nucleus, where it regulates gene expression. Additionally, we detected diffuse cytoplasmic immunostaining for DLL4 in small and large luteal cells, in accordance with the information that DLL4 undergoes proteolytic degradation after receptor binding. The mRNA expression of Notch1, Notch4 and Dll4 in CL isolated on Day 19 of pregnancy decreased significantly after the administration of PGF2alpha. Consistent with the mRNA results, administration of PGF2alpha to pregnant rats on Day 19 of pregnancy decreased the protein fragment corresponding to the cleaved forms of NOTCH1\/4 CL receptors. In contrast, no significant changes were detected in protein levels for the ligand DLL4. The local intrabursal administration of DAPT decreased serum P(4) levels, increased luteal levels of active CASP3 and the BAX\/BCL2 ratio 24 h after the treatment. These results support a luteotropic role for notch signaling to promote luteal cell viability and steroidogenesis, and suggest that the luteolytic hormone PGF2alpha may act in part by reducing the expression of some notch system members.","palabras_clave":"apoptosis|corpus luteum|ovary|pregnancy|progesterone|progesterone receptor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113378,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Angiopoietin 1 reduces rat follicular atresia mediated by apoptosis through the PI3K\/Akt pathway","resumen":"The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the local   inhibition of ANGPT1 on steroid production, proliferation and apoptosis   of ovarian follicular cells and on the PI3K\/AKT pathway. We also   examined the effect of ANGPTs on follicular cell apoptosis and   proliferation in early antral follicles (EAFs) in culture. Follicular   cells expressing PCNA decreased after ANGPT1 Ab treatment. Moreover,   ANGPT1 inhibition increased the levels of active caspase 3 and   androsterone, but decreased estradiol, AKT phosphorylation and the area   of smooth muscle cell actin. In cultured EAFs from prepubertal rats   treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES), ANGPT1 increased PCNA and   decreased apoptosis while ANGPT2 reversed these effects. These results   show that ANGPT1 alters steroidogenesis, reduces ovarian apoptosis, and   stimulates cell proliferation in antral follicles. ANGPT1 may exert   these roles by regulating ovarian vascular stability and\/or by a direct   effect on follicular cells, possibly involving the PI3K\/AKT pathway.","palabras_clave":"FOLICULOGENESIS|ATRESIA|APOPTOSIS|ANGIOPOIETINA I"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113379,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mesozooplankton composition and spatial distribution in Nuevo Gulf, Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"The  composition and spatial distribution of mesozooplankton of Nuevo Gulf,  Argentina, were analyzed from surface samples taken on July, 1997. A total of  32 taxa were recorded. The highest abundances were found close to Nueva Bay,  which is located nearby a growing urban population, whereas the lowest values  were detected in the center of the gulf. Holoplankton dominated at all stations  and evidenced a homogeneous spatial distribution. Meroplankton showed a more  heterogeneous pattern. Ctenocalanus vanus was the most abundant taxon  followed by Paracalanus parvus. Gastropoda veligers dominated the  meroplanktonic fraction. Our results showed that the spatial distribution of  the mesozooplankton seems to be mainly influenced by the dominant hydrological  circulation pattern of the region. This research establishes the first  scientific basis for further studies in zooplankton communities of this important  gulf, closely related to a natural protected worldwide known area declared a  world heritage site by UNESCO.              ","palabras_clave":"NUEVO GULF|MESOZOOPLANKTON|CTENOCALANUS VANUS|PARACALANUS PARVUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113380,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in extreme southern South America (Beagle Channel, Argentina)","resumen":"The phytoplankton biomass and composition dynamics in relation with environmental factors were exploredduring an annual cycle (July 2006?2007) for the first time in the Beagle Channel. Samples were examined bylight and scanning electron microscopy and carbon biomass was estimated using measured cell biovolumes.The annual cycle was characterized by a sharp contrast between low density and biomass during the autumn?winter period and a significant increase during spring and summer. The maximum biomass peak wasobserved during early spring (141 &#956;g C l&#8722;1 and 8.7 &#956;g Chl a l&#8722;1) and was associated with a bloom of thediatom genus Chaetoceros. In spite of a strong nutrient depletion that lead to the subsequent bloom decline, asecond peak of biomass was observed after 2 weeks, mainly represented by the diatoms T. mendiolana andT. anguste-lineata. Towards the end of spring and during summer diatom density decreased and assemblageswere enriched by unidentified tiny phytoflagellates and dinoflagellates. A total of 138 taxa were identifiedduring the study period. From these, 10 are known as potentially toxic species: Alexandrium catenella,A. ostenfeldii, A. tamarense, Dinophysis acuminata, D. rotundata, Prorocentrum cordatum, Pseudo-nitzschiaaustralis, P. calliantha, P. fraudulenta and P. cf. seriata. Their presence is noteworthy since the area sustains agrowing aquiculture production.","palabras_clave":"Beagle Channel|Phytoplankton|Seasonality|Composition"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113381,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Native Male Founder Lineages of America","resumen":"ESTE TRABAJO CORRESPONDE AL CAMPO DISCIPLINAR DE LA ANTROPOLOGÍA FÍSICA (DISCIPLINADESAGREGADA 5701-ANTROPOLOGÍA FÍSICA), QUE NO SE ENCUENTRA ENTRE LAS OPCIONES A ELEGIREN LA PLANILLA DE 'AREA DEL CONOCIMIENTO'.Native-American   males carry a Y-chromosome lineage characterized by one base-pair   polymorphism (M3). All populations from Alaska to the Magellan\u2019s Strait   present this lineage in frequencies higher than 60%. This lineage was   considered the \u201Cfounder\u201D, but further information shows that M3 occurred   in America, or Siberia shortly before migration to America and so it is   actually considered autochthonous. It belongs to the Q haplogroup,   shows derivate state for M242, M346, and M3 polymorphisms, and is named   subhaplogroup Q1a3a. Another lineage, paragroup Q1a3*, entered America   showing derived states for M242 and M346 polymorphisms, and ancestral   for M3. It is present in Eurasia and is more frequent in North than in   South America. Though found at low frequency, it has not been possible   to rule out a genetic bottleneck occurrence during the migration to   South America.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Y CHROMOSOME LINEAGES|SOUTH AMERICA|REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113382,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrochemical performance of nanostructured La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d and Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3-d cathodes for IT-SOFCs","resumen":"The electrochemical performance of nanostructured cathodes for IT-SOFCs based on perovskite-type mixed ionic\/electronic conductors (MIECs) is investigated. Different compounds (La0.6Sr0.4CoO3&#8722;d and Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3&#8722;d) and synthesis methods (freeze-drying and citrate complexation) were evaluated. These materials exhibited excellent performance (area-specific resistance values in the range of 0.05\u20130.20 ohm.cm2 for an operating temperature of 700C), which improved with decreasing grain size. This performance can be attributed to the high specific surface area of these nanostructured cathodes, thus dramatically increasing the number of active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction. Under these conditions, the electrochemical properties are mainly controlled by oxide ion diffusion through the MIEC cathode, which becomes faster with decreasing grain size.","palabras_clave":"NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS|INTERMEDIATE-TEMPERATURE SOLID-OXIDE FUEL CELLS|CATHODE|MIXED IONIC-ELECTRONIC CONDUCTOR|COBALTITE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113383,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"VWF and ADAMTS13 behavior in estradiol-treated HUVEC","resumen":"Objectives: In this study, the role of 17b-estradiol (E2) in the regulation of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and ADAMTS13 synthesis, storage, and secretion was investigated in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods: HUVEC were grown to 80?90% confluence and replaced with fresh medium containing E2 (1 nm) or vehicle for 24 h, after which the supernatant medium and cell lysates were collected to measure VWF and ADAMTS13. VWF was evaluated by VWF:Ag and&nbsp; ultimeric analysis. ADAMTS13 was evaluated by SDS-PAGE. VWF and ADAMTS13 mRNA were quantified by real-time PCR after E2 or vehicle exposure for 18 h. A functional effect of ADAMTS13 on HUVEC VWF protein synthesis was further evaluated using a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to knockdown the expression of endogenous ADAMTS13. Results: E2 did not increase the release or intracellular VWF levels in HUVEC. However, E2 increased the production of intracellular ADAMTS13, although there was no evidence of significant effects of their release into culture medium. Incubation of HUVEC with E2 resulted in a significantly increasedexpression of VWF and ADAMTS13 mRNA. ADAMTS13 gene inactivation upregulates release and intracellular VWF levels in E2-treated HUVEC. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that E2 may play a role in the regulation of VWF and ADAMTS13 gene expression and in its production in human endothelial cells. The mechanism of the protective effects of E2 on the cardiovascular system could be explained by the intracellular regulation of VWF produced by ADAMTS13.","palabras_clave":"von Willebrand factor|ADAMTS13|7b-estradiol|Endothelial cells"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113384,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease in a single institution of Argentina","resumen":"von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a bleeding disorder with variable clinical expression. In this paper we describe types, clinical features, genetic testing when needed, genotype-phenotype relationships and the response to DDAVP test, according to our experience. Our findings are: possible type 1: 69.6%; type 1: 13.5%; severe type 1: 0.35%; type 3: 0.55%; type 2A: 9.5%; probable 2B: 0.6%; type 2M: 2.5%; probable type 2N: 3.4 %. The most frequent symptoms are ecchymoses-hematomas and epistaxis and, in females over 13 years, also menorrhagia. In pregnant patients, assessment of laboratory parameters in the 7th-8th months is recommended to plan the need for prophylaxis at term. DDAVP merits to be considered as the first choice therapy, including pregnant women and children. No patient showed significant unwanted effects. Since this is a safe, effective and affordable therapy, we hope to encourage clinicians, mainly pediatricians and obstetricians, to a wider use of DDAVP, especially in developing countries. We also report two patients with prophylactic treatment.","palabras_clave":"VON WILLEBRAND DISEASE|MANAGEMENT STRATEGY|GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE RELATIONSHIPS|DDAVP IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113385,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of Multivalent Glycoclusters from 1-Thio-b-D-galactose and Their Inhibitory Activity against the b-Galactosidase from E. coli","resumen":"The synthesis of multivalent glycoclusters, designed to be compatible with biological systems, is reported. A variety of 1-thio-b-d-galactosides linked to a terminal triple bond through oligoethyleneglycol chains of variable lengths has been synthesized. Also, azide-containing oligosaccharide scaffolds were prepared from trehalose, maltose, and maltotriose by direct azidation with NaN3\/PPh3\/CBr4. Click reaction between the thiogalactoside residues and the azide scaffolds under microwave irradiation afforded a family of glycoclusters containing 1 to 4 residues of 1-thio-b-D-galactose. The yields went from moderate to excellent, depending on the valency of the desired product. Deacetylation with Et3N\/MeOH\/H2O led to the final products. Complete characterization of the products was performed by NMR spectroscopy and HR-MS techniques. Their activities as inhibitors of b-galactosidase from E. coli were determined by using the Lineweaver&#8722;Burk method. The use of hydrophilic carbohydrate scaffolds for the synthesis of multivalent galactosides represents an interesting approach to improve their pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. In addition, the presence of the thioglycosidic bond will improve their stability in biological fluids.","palabras_clave":"1-Thio-b-d-galactose|Galectin|Multivalent Glycoclusters|Galactosidase Inhibition"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113386,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CLAY MINERALOGY AND THERMAL HISTORY OF THE NEOGENE VINCHINA BASIN, CENTRAL ANDES OF ARGENTINA: ANALYSIS OF FACTORS CONTROLLING THE HEATING CONDITIONS","resumen":"The Vinchina Foreland Basin, western Argentina, contains a &#8764;7 km thick nonmarinestratigraphy, chronologically constrained within the Mio&#8208;Pliocene (circa 19\u20133.4 Ma), andwhere distribution of Illite\/Smectite interstratified phases has shown a progressivesmectite&#8208;illitization progress (R0 &#8594; R1 &#8594; R3), is consistent with an incipient burialhistory. R0 represents randomly mixed&#8208;layered illite\/smectite normally found at shallowdepths, as this ordering is not stable at &#8764;120°C. In the Vinchina Basin, however, the R0 isstill persistent at &#8764;7 km depth, and its appearance even in the deepest levels is consistentwith previous interpretations of low burial temperatures based on thermochronologicstudies of detrital apatites. The maximum paleotemperature estimation and basin depthimply geothermal gradient as low as &#8764;15°C\/km, which allowed an estimate of heat flowvalues between 33 and 42 mW\/m2, that would rise to between &#8764;40 and 51 mW\/m2 whenthe sedimentation rate (thermal blanketing) is taken into account. These values were onlyreported for cold basins and represent a paleothermal state of a refrigerated lithosphere. Wesuggest the central Andes were dominated since the Miocene by heat transfer derivedmostly from crustal contributions with a minimum input from the asthenosphere. Thisrefrigerated lithosphere is typical of segments affected by flat subduction. Preliminarythermal models based on previous geodynamic approaches support our conclusions.","palabras_clave":"CLAY MINERALOGY| BURIAL HISTORY|GEOTHERMAL GRADIENTS|NEOGENE FORELAND BASIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113387,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluating habitats and feeding habits through ecomorphological features in glyptodonts (Mammalia, Xenarthra)","resumen":"The goal of this study is to evaluate ecomorphological variables in glyptodonts from different ages (Miocene to early Holocene), clades, and sizes, with the purpose of inferring their habitats and feeding habits. The analyses included estimation of body masses and three variables: relative muzzle width (RMW), hypsodonty index (HI), and dental occlusal surface area (OSA). RMW allows the distinction of two main groups: the small-sized early Miocene propalaehoplophorids were selective feeders, while the larger post-Miocene forms were more bulk feeders. The Pleistocene Glyptodon appears as an exception, implying a reversion to a selective feeding behavior. The relation between RMW and HI allows discriminating feeding niche partitioning in glyptodonts. Among the early Miocene propalaehoplophorids, Eucinepeltus would have been a highly selective feeder in relatively closed environments, Propalaehoplophorus a highly selective feeder in moderately open habitats, and Cochlops a less selective feeder in moderately open habitats. Among the large Pliocene and Pleistocene taxa, cf. Neuryurus and Neosclerocalyptus were probably bulk feeders in relatively open environments, while Panochthus and Doedicurus were bulk feeders in open environments. Alternative interpretations can be assessed for Glyptodon: it was a more selective feeder in closer habitats, or had a different feeding behavior, browsing on specific plants at higher levels from the ground, and\/or a specialized physiology. The late Miocene and Pliocene forms (Hoplophractus, Eosclerocalyptus, and Urotherium) were probably intermediate between the Miocene and the Pleistocene ones.Glyptodon appears as an exception, implying a reversion to a selective feeding behavior. The relation between RMW and HI allows discriminating feeding niche partitioning in glyptodonts. Among the early Miocene propalaehoplophorids, Eucinepeltus would have been a highly selective feeder in relatively closed environments, Propalaehoplophorus a highly selective feeder in moderately open habitats, and Cochlops a less selective feeder in moderately open habitats. Among the large Pliocene and Pleistocene taxa, cf. Neuryurus and Neosclerocalyptus were probably bulk feeders in relatively open environments, while Panochthus and Doedicurus were bulk feeders in open environments. Alternative interpretations can be assessed for Glyptodon: it was a more selective feeder in closer habitats, or had a different feeding behavior, browsing on specific plants at higher levels from the ground, and\/or a specialized physiology. The late Miocene and Pliocene forms (Hoplophractus, Eosclerocalyptus, and Urotherium) were probably intermediate between the Miocene and the Pleistocene ones.","palabras_clave":"Mammalia|Cingulata|Masticatory apparatus|Paleoecology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113388,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of rpoS mutations on the response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to solar radiation","resumen":"Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is an important pathogen, and exhibits considerable resistance to the lethal effects of solar radiation. To evaluate the involvement of the RpoS transcription factor in the defense mechanisms of this organism, the sunlight response of a wild type strain (ATCC14028) was compared with that of an rpoS mutant, which exhibited increased sensitivity. Kinetics of cell death was complex in both strains, probably due to the presence of a variety of targets for the radiation. When ultraviolet radiation was excluded from the incident sunlight, lethal effects were abolished independently of the allelic state of rpoS. Reduction of oxygen concentration in the irradiation medium provided moderate protection to ATCC14028, but notably improved survival of the mutant. Similar assays were developed with another S. enterica strain (DA1468), which is a derivative of strain LT2 and produces low levels of RpoS. In this strain the loss of viability reveals the dependence on solar ultraviolet and oxygen concentration found for ATCC14028, but radiation resistance was slightly reduced. Increased sensitivity was observed in an rpoS mutant derived from DA1468, indicating that RpoS functions related to photoprotection are conserved in this strain. In addition, notable differences in the shape of the survival curves obtained for mutants derived from ATCC14028 and DA1468 were found, suggesting that genes beyond RpoS control are relevant in the sunlight response of these mutants. ","palabras_clave":"RPOS|SUNLIGHT|SALMONELLA|SURVIVAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113389,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The relationship between carotenoids and sunlight response in members of the family Micrococcaceae","resumen":"The aim of this study was to compare the photoprotective effect of carotenoids in phylogentically  related bacteria, which synthesize structurally different pigments. Two organisms were  isolated from the same environment. Their 16S rDNA sequences and phenotypic characteristics  identified them as members of the family Micrococcaceae. Reverse phase HPLC and absorption  spectroscopy revealed that one of them, designated RMB40, synthesized 3 carotenoids with  9 conjugated double bonds, whilst the other, designated RMB42, synthesized a single and more  hydrophobic pigment carrying 11 conjugated double bonds. Survival curves were obtained  during sunlight exposure for both organisms and for carotenoid deficient mutants derived  from them. Increased sunlight sensitivity was found in the carotenoidless mutant derived from  RMB42. In contrast, pigment depletion had no appreciable effect on the sunlight response of  RMB40. It is concluded that the structure of bacterial carotenoid probably exert an important  influence on the effectiveness of these compounds to provide photoprotection in vivo.","palabras_clave":"Carotenoids \/ |Sunlight|Photoprotection |Micrococcus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113390,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of ultraviolet A radiation on survival and growth of Gram negative bacteria","resumen":"Ultraviolet A radiation (UVA) exerts a complex action on Gram negative bacteria. Within a variety of cellular components absorbing energy in this wavelength range, flavoproteins and cytochromes of the respiratory chain seem to be the chromophores involved in killing the cell. Damaged components of the respiratory chain would produce hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, and these compounds would generate hydroxyl radical, which is likely the main intermediary in the induction of oxidative damage. The identity of the targets remains an open question. For a long time, damage to DNA was considered to be the event leading to cell death, but recently energy depletion due to the inactivation of the respiratory chain has been proposed as an alternative mechanism. At sublethal doses UVA produces, among other effects, a transient inhibition of growth without change in viability. The growth lag is due to the inactivation of some tRNAs, which impairs protein synthesis and triggers the stringent response. A photo-protective function was ascribed to this effect. Global genetic regulators have been implicated in UVA response. The rpoS system has a strong influence on bacterial UVA resistance, probably related to the control of the response to oxidative stress, and the quorum sensing system modifies both lethal and sublethal effects of UVA in Pseudomonas. The current knowledge of the lethal action of UVA in bacteria could be improved by further analysis of the UVA response in a variety of bacterial species.","palabras_clave":"Ultraviolet-A|Escherichia coli|membrane damage|DNA damage"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113391,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sensitivity of leaf size and shape to climate: global patterns and paleoclimatic applications","resumen":"\u2022 Paleobotanists have long used models based on leaf size and shape to reconstruct paleoclimate. However, most models incorporate a single variable or use traits that are not physiologically or functionally linked to climate, limiting their predictive power. Further, they often underestimate paleotemperature relative to other proxies.\u2022 Here we quantify leaf\u2013climate correlations from 92 globally distributed, climatically diverse sites, and explore potential confounding factors. Multiple linear regression models for mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) are developed and applied to nine well-studied fossil floras.\u2022 We find that leaves in cold climates typically have larger, more numerous teeth, and are more highly dissected. Leaf habit (deciduous vs evergreen), local water availability, and phylogenetic history all affect these relationships. Leaves in wet climates are larger and have fewer, smaller teeth. Our multivariate MAT and MAP models offer moderate improvements in precision over univariate approaches (± 4.0 vs 4.8C for MAT) and strong improvements in accuracy. For example, ourprovisional MAT estimates for most North American fossil floras are considerably warmer and in better agreement with independent paleoclimate evidence.\u2022 Our study demonstrates that the inclusion of additional leaf traits that are functionally linked to climate improves paleoclimate reconstructions. This work also illustrates the need for better understanding of the impact of phylogeny and leaf habit on leaf\u2013climate relationships.","palabras_clave":"Climate proxies|Leaf lifespan|Paleobotany|Paleoclimate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113392,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New records on the geographical distribution of South American Sharpshooters (Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae: Proconiini) and their potential as vectors of Xylella fastidiosa","resumen":"Xylella fastidiosa is endemic to the Americas, it causes economically important diseases in a variety of different crops, and is transmitted by xylem-feeding sharpshooters. This paper provides new geographic records for Proconiini sharpshooters in South America which helps to better understand their distribution. To develop these new records, we examined material from 3 of the main entomological collections held in Argentina. As a result, 5 species are cited for the first time from Paraguay; 4 for Perú; 3 for Bolivia; 2 for Ecuador; and 1 each for Uruguay and Brazil. Some of the species could be vectors of X. fastidiosa because congeners of the species studied here are known to transmit this bacterium.is endemic to the Americas, it causes economically important diseases in a variety of different crops, and is transmitted by xylem-feeding sharpshooters. This paper provides new geographic records for Proconiini sharpshooters in South America which helps to better understand their distribution. To develop these new records, we examined material from 3 of the main entomological collections held in Argentina. As a result, 5 species are cited for the first time from Paraguay; 4 for Perú; 3 for Bolivia; 2 for Ecuador; and 1 each for Uruguay and Brazil. Some of the species could be vectors of X. fastidiosa because congeners of the species studied here are known to transmit this bacterium.","palabras_clave":"VECTORS|NEOTROPICS|CITRUS|XYLELLA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113393,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Identification and functional analyses of CBS alleles in Spanish and Argentinian homocystinuric patients","resumen":"Homocystinuria due to CBS deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by elevated plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and methionine (Met). Here we present the analysis of 22 unrelated patients of different geographical origins, mainly Spanish and Argentinian. Twenty-two different mutations were found, 10 of which were novel. Five new mutations were missense and five were deletions of different sizes, including a 794-bp deletion (c.53237_7361438del794) detected by Southern blot analysis. To assess the pathogenicity of these mutations, seven were expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli and their enzyme activities were assayed in vitro, in the absence and presence of the CBS activators PLP and SAM. The presence of the mutant proteins was confirmed by Western blotting. Mutations p.M173del, p.I278S, p.D281N, and p.D321V showed null activity in all conditions tested, whereas mutations p.49L, p.P200L and p.A446S retained different degrees of activity and response to stimulation. Finally, a minigene strategy allowed us to demonstrate the pathogenicity of an 8-bp intronic deletion, which led to the skipping of exon 6. In general, frameshifting deletions correlated with a more severe phenotype, consistent with the concept that missense mutations may recover enzymatic activity under certain conditions. Hum Mutat 32:1\u20138, 2011. &amp; 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","palabras_clave":"homocystinuria|heterologous expression|enzymatic activity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113394,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tectonothermal evolution and exhumation history of the Paleozoic Proto-Andean Gondwana margin crust: The Famatinian Belt in NW Argentina","resumen":"We studied the P\u2013T\u2013t evolution of a mid-crustal igneous-metamorphic segment of the Famatinian Belt in theeastern sector of the Sierra de Velasco during its exhumation to the upper crust. Thermobarometric andgeochronological methods combined with field observations permit us to distinguish three tectonic levels.The deepest Level I is represented by metasedimentary xenoliths and characterized by prograde isobaricheating at 20\u201325 km depth. Early\/Middle Ordovician granites that contain xenoliths of Level I intruded in theshallower Level II. The latter is characterized by migmatization coeval with granitic intrusions and aretrograde isobaric cooling P\u2013T path at 14\u201318 km depth. Level II was exhumed to the shallowest supracrustalLevel III, where it was intruded by cordierite-bearing granites during the Middle\/Late Ordovician and its hostrockwas locally affected by high temperature\u2013low pressure HT\/LP metamorphism at 8\u201310 km depth. Level IIIwas eventually intruded by Early Carboniferous granites after long-term slow exhumation to 6\u20137 km depth.Early\/Middle Ordovician exhumation of Level II to Level III (Exhumation Period I, 0.25\u20130.78 mm\/yr) was fasterthan exhumation of Level III from the Middle\/Late Ordovician to the Lower Carboniferous (Exhumation PeriodII, 0.01\u20130.09 mm\/yr). Slow exhumation rates and the lack of regional evidence of tectonic exhumation suggestthat erosion was the main exhumation mechanism of the Famatinian Belt. Widespread slow exhumationassociated with crustal thickening under a HT regime suggests that the Famatinian Belt represents the middlecrust of an ancient Altiplano\u2013Puna-like orogen. This thermally weakened over-thickened Famatinian crustwas slowly exhumed mainly by erosion during ~180 Myr.","palabras_clave":"GEOTHERMOBAROMETRY|GEOCHRONOLOGY|EXHUMATION HISTORY|FAMATINIAN BELT|ALTIPLANO PUNA-LIKE OROGEN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113395,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Procedimientos de revisión de textos expositivos ¿Son algunos textos mejores que otros para la comprensión?","resumen":"Los textos expositivos son una importante herramienta para el aprendizaje. Los métodos que se proponen mejorar la calidad de estos textos reciben el nombre de procedimientos de revisión de textos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar un recorrido a través de tres de ellos: procedimiento de repetición de términos, método causal-temporal y método de incremento de la densidad de relaciones, a fin de señalar sus posibilidades y limitaciones. A partir de los resultados de las investigaciones que los han utilizado, es posible proponer que el método de repetición de términos parece ser adecuado para promover un recuerdo literal del texto, dado que facilita el establecimiento de conexiones entre oraciones contiguas. El método causal-temporal parece más adecuado para promover una comprensión profunda del texto expositivo histórico. Y, el método de incremento de la densidad de relaciones parece adecuado para promover una comprensión profunda de cualquier tipo de texto expositivo.                                                                           ","palabras_clave":"Revisión de textos|Textos Expositivos|Comprensión del discurso"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113396,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biodiversity in a Tomato Germplasm for Free Amino Acid and Pigment Content of Ripening Fruits","resumen":"Free amino acid and pigment composition in fruits at two ripening stages from a selected tomato germplasm was stud-ied. The aims were contributing to knowledge on variability of ripening metabolism and identifying more consistently the genetic background of the plant material under analysis. Significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were found among rip-ening stages and among genotypes within ripening stage for all amino acids and pigments except by asparagine, alanine and chlorophyll b contents. The highest relative amino acid content corresponded to glutamate, glutamine, and GABA though some genotypes had relatively high asparagine content. Glutamate, glutamine and GABA performed op-positely: the former increased along ripening while the latter two decreased in their relative content. A Principal Com-ponents (PC) analysis was applied, determining that metabolites having the greatest contribution to general variability were threonine, serine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lycopene and beta- carotene, which showed the highest association with PC1. Alanine and chlorophylls a and b were highly associated to PC2. These two first PC explained the 62% of the total variation, and genotypes were distributed according to the rip-ening stage in their coordinates. Accordingly, a Hierarchical Clustering resulted in a dendrogram having a relatively high cophenetic correlation (0.70), in which two well defined groups were obtained according to ripening stage. These results verified the existence of variability in the metabolism of ripening fruit for amino acids and pigments, and al-lowed to identify unequivocally a set of selected tomato germplasm according to the fruit metabolic profiles in these two ripening stages.","palabras_clave":"Solanum Section Lycopersicon|Plant Breeding|Plant Genetic Resources|Multivariate Analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113397,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular markers detect stable genomic regions underlying tomato fruit shelf life and weight","resumen":"Incorporating wild germplasm such as S. pimpinellifolium is an alternative strategy to prolong tomato fruit shelf life (SL) without reducing fruit quality. A set of recombinant inbred lines with discrepant values of SL and weight (FW) were derived by antagonistic-divergent selection from an interspecific cross. The general objective of this research was to evaluate Genotype x Year (GY) and Marker x Year (MY) interaction in these new genetic materials for both traits. Genotype and year principal effects and GY interaction were statistically significant for SL. Genotype and year principal effects were significant for FW but GY interaction was not. Marker principal effect was significant for SL and FW but both year principal effect and MY interaction were not significant. Though SL was highly influenced by year conditions, some genome regions appeared to maintain a stable effect across years of evaluation. Fruit weight, instead, was more independent of year effect.","palabras_clave":"Amplified fragment length polymorphism|plant breeding|plant genetic resources|Solanum section Lycopersicon|Quantitative Genetics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113398,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impact of climate variability in the western Mediterranean during the last 20,000 years: oceanic and atmospheric responses","resumen":"Eolian input &#64258;uctuations and paleoceanographic conditions in the western Mediterranean have been  reconstructed by using a multi-proxy approach to infer climate variability for the last 20,000 yr. A sediment  core from the East Alboran Sea basin provides high-resolution geochemical, mineralogical and grain size  distribution records from the Last Glacial Maximum onward. The accurate chronology obtained, closely  related with the North Greenland Ice core Project, has provided a detailed paleoclimate reconstruction at  the centennialemillennial time scale. Mineral and chemical compositions as well as sediment grain size  distribution have been used to establish both &#64258;uvial and eolian input variations, deep-water current  intensity, and ventilation and productivity conditions at the time of deposition. During the cold period  Greenland Stadial-2a, the analyzed proxies evidence signi&#64257;cant climate oscillations. Redox proxies,  showing marked Mn\/Al and Fe\/Al peaks, as well as granulometric parameters, support major changes in  thermohaline circulation, with active circulation triggered by the Western Mediterranean Deep Water  formation. Ba\/Al ratios and the presence of authigenic barite point to high productivity during the Last  Heinrich event. At this time, Zr\/Al, Si\/Al and Ti\/Al ratios as well as quartz and palygorskite contents also  corroborate dryer conditions in the Alboran borderlands, with a major reorganization of atmospheric  circulation at the beginning of the deglaciation and during the Last Heinrich event. In contrast, a decreasing  trend in the Zr\/Al ratio and increasing Mg\/Al, K\/Al and illite þ chlorite\/kaolinite ratios would indicate  enhanced river runoff and supporting lower eolian dust input and wetter periods during the Bölling  eAlleröd. Short-term and abrupt climate oscillations such as the Intra-Alleröd Cold Period are likewise  re&#64258;ected by minor yet conspicuous changes in eolian proxies. During the Younger Dryas, we distinguish an  initial cold and dry phase, with major westerlies intensity, thermohaline reactivation, and high productivity  levels, and a second wetter phase characterized by sporadic rainfalls over poorly vegetated surrounding  continental areas. Then, during the Holocene, alternating phases of major humidity and aridity were  recorded by major &#64258;uctuations in detrital input. These are also correlated with recurrent forest cover  declines reported from pollen records, with a noteworthy early decline in the African Humid Period. During  the Holocene, an initial demise of the Last Organic-Rich Layer is also evidenced, tentatively associated with  aspiration forces promoted by intense thermohaline circulation through the Gibraltar Strait","palabras_clave":"Paleoclimate|Eolian input|Paleoproductivity|Paleoceanographic reconstruction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113399,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Post-silicon Validation Procedure for a PWL ASIC Microprocessor Architecture","resumen":"In this paper, we present the environment set for validation and testing a particular ASIC that implements a piecewise linear (PWL) architecture. Description for a package debug propose is included. Methodologies for power consumption and maximum operation frequency estimation, based on laboratory measurements, are described.","palabras_clave":"Piece Wise Linear|ASIC|Nonlinear Systems"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113400,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Liposomes as vehicles for vitamins E and C: An alternative to fortify orange juice and offer vitamin C protection after heat treatment","resumen":"AbstractSoy phosphatidylcholine-based liposomes were studied as vitamin transporters to be incorporated in orange juice, which is later subjected to pasteurization. These systems allowed the incorporation of vitamins E and C. Stearic acid and calcium stearate were incorporated into liposomes as an alternative to lipid bilayer stabilizers. Calcium ions and essential fatty acids are contained in calcium stearate and soy phosphatidylcholine, respectively, conferring extra nutritional value. Liposomes prepared by the dehydration\u2013rehydration method were tested in a food model system to avoid interference caused by orange juice components. The oxidative stability was analyzed by the thiobarbituric acid method before and after the pasteurization process. Size was analyzed by light scattering also before and after pasteurization, and shape was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Percentage encapsulation efficiency (EE%) of vitamins C and E was determined by a centrifugation process. Also, EE% of vitamin C was measured against dialysis for 72&nbsp;h.Liposomes had a protective effect on antioxidant activity of vitamins before and after pasteurization; even considering that vitamin C is thermolabile. Besides, EE% by centrifugation showed a high encapsulation of vitamins E and C. And the results of dialysis of vitamin C, demonstrated that it was retained by all the systems. Formulations that included stearic acid were the most efficient encapsulating with a 38%.The results showed a relationship between oxidative stability and aggregation, along with changes in size and morphology: peroxidation increases with aggregation. Addition of stearic acid favors oxidative stability and EE% due to a bilayer stabilizing effect.It is important to note that the combination of liposomal formulations and vitamins with orange juice did not change its organoleptic characteristics, and showed microbiological stability after pasteurization and storage at 4&nbsp;°C for 37&nbsp;days.","palabras_clave":"Antioxidant vitamins|Oxidative stability|Encapsulation|Vitamin E and C"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113401,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ultra Violet irradiation of diacetylenic liposomes as a  strategy to improve size stability and to alter protein  binding without cytotoxicity enhancement","resumen":"AbstractMembrane-modification effects, induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in diacetylenic liposomes, were analyzed upon contact with cells, biological membranes, and proteins. Liposomes formulated with mixtures of unsaturated 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and saturated 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, in a 1:1 molar ratio, were compared with those that were UV-irradiated and analyzed in several aspects. Membrane polymerization inherence on size stability was studied as well as its impact on mitochondrial and microsomal membrane peroxidation induction, hemolytic activity, and cell viability. Moreover, in order to gain insight about the possible irradiation effect on interfacial membrane properties, interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme (Lyso), and apolipoprotein (apoA-I) was studied. Improved size stability was found for polymerized liposomes after a period of 30 days at 4°C. In addition, membrane irradiation had no marked effect on cell viability, hemolysis, or induction of microsomal and mitochondrial membrane peroxidation. Interfacial membrane characteristics were found to be altered after polymerization, since a differential protein binding for polymerized or nonpolymerized membranes was observed for BSA and Lyso, but not for apoA-I. The substantial contribution of this work is the finding that even when maintaining the same lipid composition, changes induced by UV irradiation are sufficient to increase size stability and establish differences in protein binding, in particular, reducing the amount of bound Lyso and BSA, without increasing formulation cytotoxicity. This work aimed at showing that the usage of diacetylenic lipids and UV modification of membrane interfacial properties should be strategies to be taken into consideration when designing new delivery systems.","palabras_clave":"DIACETYLENIC LIPIDS|LIPID PEROXIDATION|CYTOTOXICITY|LIPID-PROTEIN BINDING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113402,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"¿Manufactura, uso y descarte? O acerca del entramado social de los objetos cerámicos","resumen":"Si pensamos a las cosas y a los  objetos como el resultado de un entramado multidimensional de acciones y  relaciones, materiales e inmateriales, concretadas por agentes humanos y no  humanos, resulta difícil seguir pensando a la materialidad de los objetos y del  registro arqueológico en términos de procesos, como serie de fases sucesivas de  acciones o conductas. Estos entramados entre las cosas y las personas son  dinámicos, flujos constantes de acciones e interrelaciones, donde los objetos  se constituyen como un efecto dinámico de las mismas; pero no en el sentido de  sus causas, sino haciendo efectivas una serie de posibilidades dadas por las  estrategias y los recursos puestos en juego, las disposiciones de los agentes  participantes y su posición en un espacio social. Con estos criterios, no  podemos pensar luego a los objetos y a sus contextos como el producto de  acciones (conductas) y partes de un proceso, pues ya no existiría una cadena de  comportamiento sino un fibrado de interrelaciones superpuestas, donde cada  intersección es un lugar de mediación entre otras tantas acciones y relaciones.  A través del análisis situacional y relacional de un conjunto de vasijas del  Valle de Ambato (Catamarca, Argentina) mostraremos las potencialidades de un  enfoque de este tipo para el estudio de la tecnología cerámica, más allá de sus  procesos de manufactura, uso y descarte.","palabras_clave":"OBJETOS|REDES|RELACIONES|MULTIDIMENSIONALIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113403,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Therapeutic Approaches to the challenge of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses","resumen":"Abstract: The Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) affecting the central nervoussystem (CNS), with generally recessive inheritance. They are characterized by pathological lipofuscin-like material accumulating in cells. The clinical phenotypes at all onset ages show progressive loss of vision, decreasing cognitive and motor skills, epileptic seizures and premature death, with dementia without visual loss prominent in the rarer adult forms. Eight causal genes, CLN10\/CTSD, CLN1\/PPT1, CLN2\/TPP1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN7\/MFSD8,CLN8, with more than 269 mutations and 49 polymorphisms (http:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/ncl) have been described. Other NCL genes are hypothesized, including CLN4 and CLN9; CLCN6, CLCN7 and possibly SGSH are under study. Some therapeutic strategies applied to other LSDs with significant systemic involvement would not be effective in NCLs due to the necessity of passing the blood brain barrier to prevent the neurodegeneration, repair or restore the CNS functionality.There are therapies for the NCLs currently at preclinical stages and under phase 1 trials to establish safety in affected children. These approaches involve enzyme replacement, gene therapy, neural stem cell replacement, immune therapy and other pharmacological approaches. In the next decade, progress in the understanding of the natural history and the biochemical and molecular cascade of events relevant to the pathogenesis of these diseases in humans and animal models wille required to achieve significant therapeutic advances.","palabras_clave":"Enzyme replacement|Gene|Lysosomal storage diseases|Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113404,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Freeze-thaw stability of oil-in-water emulsions prepared with native and thermally denatured soybean isolates","resumen":"Freeze-thaw stability of oil-in-water emulsions prepared with native or thermally-denatured soy isolates (NSI and DSI, respectively) as the sole emulsi&#64257;er and sun&#64258;ower oil (f¼ 0.25) has been examined at various protein concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%w\/v), comparatively with sodiumcaseinate (SC). The freeze-thaw stability was assessed by measurements of particle size, oiling off and gravitational separation after isothermal storage at 20C for 24 h and further thawing. The oil phase remained in liquid state and the amount of ice formedwas similar (&gt;97%)whatever the sample type and protein concentration. At 0.5%, NSI and DSI emulsions where highly unstable, exhibiting a coagulated cream layer with appreciable oiling off (&gt;25%), whereas those prepared with SC were more stable, due to their initial lower &#64258;occulation degree (FD %) and particle size. For all emulsions, the increase of protein concentration (0.5e2.0%w\/v) improvesthe freeze-thawstability as a consequence of a decrease of initial FD %. At 2.0%, where is enough protein to cover the interface, a lower coalescence stability of NSI emulsion respect to those prepared with NSI was observed after freeze-thawing. This result can be attributed to the high tendency to aggregation of native soy globulins at subzero temperatures. Notwithstanding this, unlike the SC emulsions, the formation of new &#64258;ocs in soy isolates-stabilized emulsions during freeze-thawing cannot be totally controlled","palabras_clave":"Freeze-thawing|O\/w emulsions|Soy protein isolates|Stability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113405,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The formation of non soluble complexes between polyethylene imine - anions and their potential use to isolate enzymes","resumen":"The aqueous solution behavior of polyethyleneimine (a synthetic cationic polymer) in the presence ofanions with two or more electrical charges (citrate, phosphate, sulphate, malate, malonate and succinate)was studied by means of turbidimetry and light scattering. Polyethyleneimine forms non-solublecomplexes with these anions, which behave as a pseudo-polyampholyte with an isoelectrical pH valuedependent on the type of anion. The effect of pH, polymer concentration and ionic strength on the nonsolublecomplexes formation was examined. The complex precipitation pH range was between 3.5 and8.0 and also depended on the type of anion. The complex formation was inhibited by the ionic strength inagreement with the electrostatic mechanism of the non-soluble complex formation. Model proteins withisoelectric pH from 1 to 10 were assayed in orden to be precipitated by these complexes. It was found thatthe non-soluble polyethyleneimine\u2013anion complexes have the property to precipitate macromoleculescharged with an opposite electrical charge.","palabras_clave":"Polyethyleneimine|Polymeranions complexes|Light scattering|Enzymes isolation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113406,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"RESISTENCIA Y ADECUACIÓN SOCIO-TÉCNICA EN LOS PROCESOS DE IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE TECNOLOGÍAS. LOS DISPOSITIVOS SOLARES EN EL SECANO DE LAVALLE","resumen":"el objetivo principal de este trabajo es presentar el análisis de una experiencia de desarrollo e instalación de artefactos solares en el nordeste de la provincia de Mendoza. Mediante el empleo de un abordaje constructivista, socio-técnico, se superan las limitaciones deterministas asociadas a las nociones estáticas de transferencia y difusión, en las que la \u201Cno-adopción\u201D de un artefacto técnicamente \u201Cbien diseñado\u201D se explica por motivos \u201Csociales\u201D, o bien, se considera que un artefacto estuvo técnicamente \u201Cmal diseñado\u201D si no se tuvieron en cuenta determinadas \u201Cpautas culturales\u201D. En las conclusiones se retoma la re-construcción analítica de los procesos de adecuación y resistencia socio-técnica, destacando su papel en el \u201Céxito\u201D o \u201Cfracaso\u201D relativo de la implementación de tecnologías.","palabras_clave":"Energía Solar|Transferencia de Tecnología|Adecuación Socio-Técnica|Resistencia Socio-Técnica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113407,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Veleros y vapores, velocidad y engaño. Análisis socio-técnico de las transformaciones en la navegación marítima en el proceso de abolición del comercio esclavista (Siglo XIX)","resumen":"En&nbsp; este&nbsp; artículo&nbsp; analizamos&nbsp; el proceso de&nbsp; co-construcción de&nbsp; los&nbsp; sistemas de navegación marítima, el diseño naval y el comercio esclavista durante el siglo XIX en el Atlántico. Para este propósito&nbsp; se&nbsp; re-construyen&nbsp; las complejas&nbsp; relaciones entre actores, artefactos, estados, instituciones,&nbsp; conocimientos&nbsp; científicos&nbsp; y&nbsp; tecnológicos,&nbsp; ideologías&nbsp; y&nbsp; sistemas&nbsp; tecno-productivos involucrados en el proceso. Desde&nbsp; fines&nbsp; del&nbsp; siglo&nbsp; XVIII,&nbsp; la&nbsp; legitimidad&nbsp; del&nbsp; comercio&nbsp; transatlántico&nbsp; de&nbsp; esclavos&nbsp; fue crecientemente&nbsp; cuestionada.&nbsp; Así,&nbsp; en&nbsp; 1807&nbsp; el&nbsp; gobierno&nbsp; británico&nbsp; ?el&nbsp; país&nbsp; con&nbsp; mayor participación&nbsp; en&nbsp; la&nbsp; trata&nbsp; para&nbsp; la&nbsp; época?&nbsp; declaró&nbsp; unilateralmente&nbsp; la&nbsp; abolición&nbsp; de&nbsp; la&nbsp; trata. Simultáneamente,&nbsp; comenzó&nbsp; a&nbsp; desarrollar&nbsp; una&nbsp; activa&nbsp; política&nbsp; de&nbsp; persecución&nbsp; del&nbsp; comercio esclavista y de promoción de la abolición en el resto de los países involucrados en la trata. En&nbsp; el&nbsp; nuevo&nbsp; escenario,&nbsp; ocurrieron&nbsp; transformaciones&nbsp; en&nbsp; el&nbsp; conjunto&nbsp; de&nbsp; elementos heterogéneos&nbsp; vinculados&nbsp; en&nbsp; el&nbsp; tráfico&nbsp; de&nbsp; esclavos,&nbsp; así&nbsp; como&nbsp; en&nbsp; los&nbsp; tipos&nbsp; y&nbsp; los modos&nbsp; de interacción entre los mismos. Para superar las explicaciones deterministas, monocausales del desarrollo tecnológico, en la ponencia&nbsp; utilizaremos&nbsp; un&nbsp; abordaje&nbsp; teórico-metodológico&nbsp; constructivista,&nbsp; que&nbsp; permite identificar nuevas relaciones, re-construir nuevos procesos y generar nuevas explicaciones.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"TRATA DE ESCLAVOS|BARCOS ESCLAVISTAS|ABOLICION|NAVEGACIÓN MARÍTIMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113408,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La rehabilitación ontológica de los artefactos. Un enfoque 'reflexivo'","resumen":"Un problema central en el debate contemporáneo en metafísica analítica es la plausibilidad de una ontología de objetos ordinarios, especialmente de artefactos. Este artículo explora los desafíos introducidos por la consideración de ciertas creaciones intencionales dentro delprograma de una ontología realista. Con este propósito este trabajo revela los supuestos de dos posibles ontologías realistas implicadas en el debate contemporáneo sobre filosofía de los artefactos. La sección (1) presenta la distinción entre ontologías reflexivas y no reflexivas enfatizando el sesgo hermenéutico de la primera. La sección (2) explica por qué la ontología reflexiva que proponemos es realista. La sección (3), finalmente, argumenta por qué es necesario suponer la existencia de objetos intencionales tales como los artefactos en el contexto de un mundo normativo.","palabras_clave":"ARTEFACTO|INTENCIONALIDAD|ONTOLOGIA REFLEXIVA|NORMATIVIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113409,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CÁLCULO DEL VAPOR DE AGUA PRECIPITABLE Y EVALUACIÓN DE SU INCERTIDUMBRE","resumen":"El vapor de agua precipitable es una de las variables meteorológicas a tener en cuenta en la medición de curvas tensión-corriente de paneles solares fotovoltaicos bajo condiciones normalizadas. Por este motivo se presenta el cálculo del vapor de agua precipitable a partir de la medición de humedad relativa y temperatura. Se analiza la incertidumbre del cálculo tomando incertidumbres típicas en la medición de las variables meteorológicas. Se completa el trabajo con el cálculo de vapor de agua precipitable para la región de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en las horas del día donde se puede realizar la medición bajo norma.","palabras_clave":"vapor de agua precipitable|medición módulos fotovoltaicos|humedad|temperatura"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113410,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inferring habitat and feeding behaviour of early Miocene notoungulates from Patagonia","resumen":"Notoungulates, native fossil mammals of South America, have been usually studied from a taxonomic point of view, while their paleobiology has been largely neglected. For instance, morpho-functional or eco-morphological approaches have not been rigorous applied to the masticatory apparatus to propose hypothesis on dietary habits. In this contribution we generate inferences about habitat and feeding preferences in five Santacrucian genera of notoungulates of the orders Typotheria and Toxodontia using novel computer techniques of knowledge discovery. The Santacrucian (Santa Cruz Formation, late-early Miocene) fauna is particularly appropriate for this kind of studies due to its taxonomic richness, diversity, amount of specimens recorded and the quality of preservation. Over one hundred extant species of ungulates, distributed among thirteen families of artiodactyls and perissodactyls, were used as reference samples to reveal the relationships between craneo-dental morphology and ecological patterns. The results suggest that all Santacrucian notoungulates present morphologies characteristic of open habitats extant ungulates. While the Toxodontia exhibits the same morphological pattern of living mixed-feeders and grazers, the Typotheria shows exaggerated traits of specialized grazer ungulates.","palabras_clave":"Craneo-dental morphology|ecomorphology|fossil ungulates|knowledge discovery|South America"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113411,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tsunami vs storm origin for shell bed deposits in a lagoon  enviroment: an example from the Upper Cretaceous of Southern Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"The criteria by which the deposits of tsunamis are distiguished from  other deposits, including storm surges, have been controversial for more than 10  years. The Mata Amarilla Formation of the lower Upper Cretaceous of Southern  Patagonia has excellent outcrops that in its lower section, sedimentary and  taphonomic characteristics suggest a tsunami origin. This paper presents details  of these aspects, as well as a model of temporal stages that led to their deposition  within a lagoon. The sediments are composed of alternating white sandstones and  mudstones, with interbedded bioclastic accumulations in the lower section. The  depositional environment was characterised by a lagoon bounded by shallow marine  bars. These fine-grained sediments are sporadically interrupted by tsunami events  represented by coquinas, bioclastic sands and shell pavements with allochthonous  and autochthonous mollusk associations from freshwater and marine habitats. Some  areas of the lagoon became exposed, thus enabling the development of vegetation on  the substrate and pedogenic processes. Subsequently, a forced regression occurred  when a fluvial system invaded the lagoon area, representing the beginning of the  deposition of the middle section of the Mata Amarilla Formation.","palabras_clave":"tsunami deposits|washover deposits|littoral deposits|taphonomy|Austral Basin|Mata Amarilla Formation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113412,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio de la influencia de la absorción de agua y de los cambios de temperatura sobre el módulo de elasticidad en polímeros comerciales","resumen":"Se presenta un estudio de la variación del módulo de elasticidad en función de la absorción y desorción de agua a temperatura ambiente, en dos polímeros de uso comercial. Además, en uno de ellos se estudia la variación del mismo módulo en función de la temperatura. Las determinaciones de módulo se efectuaron mediante la técnica de excitación por impulso (IET), usando para ello la frecuencia de resonancia en modo flexión de probetas con forma prismática en configuración de barra simplemente apoyada excitadas mediante un impacto puntual en una de sus caras. Las mismas se sumergieron en agua destilada a temperatura ambiente por un lapso de tiempo de aproximadamente dos meses. Posteriormente, y con el fin de estudiar la desorción de agua en función del tiempo de envejecimiento, dichas probetas se mantuvieron en una atmósfera de aire a temperatura y humedad normal. Durante el tiempo que las probetas permanecieron en el medio acuoso, se las extrajo periódicamente determinándose, en cada caso, el módulo y la variación porcentual de agua absorbida usando una balanza de precisión. Del análisis de los resultados obtenidos se concluye que el módulo de elasticidad disminuye en función del tiempo de permanencia en agua y aumenta durante la desorción. Por otra parte se encontró que el módulo de elasticidad disminuye en función de la temperatura del material.","palabras_clave":"POLIMEROS|MODULO DE ELASTICIDAD|ABSORCION DE AGUA|EXCITACION POR IMPULSO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113413,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of air temperature on drying kinetics and quality characteristics of osmo-treated jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas)","resumen":"The present study investigated the influence of air temperature on the drying kinetics, color, rehydration, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), antioxidant capacity and texture of osmosed jumbo squid fillets during convective dehydration at 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90ºC. The Logarithmic and Two-term models could be used to describe the squid experimental drying curves. Discoloration of product was more noticeable at high drying temperatures where combined effects of non-enzymatic browning as well as protein denaturation modified the original color of the squid samples. Rehydration indexes showed a decrease while texture presented an increase with increasing air-drying temperature probably due to changes in food protein matrix. Total volatile basic nitrogen increased with process temperature. Antioxidant activity presented a decrease with temperature, especially at high drying temperatures. Results of this study demonstrated that the drying kinetics together with the reported quality attributes of the dried squid can be used to improve the final characteristics of the product.","palabras_clave":"MATHEMATICAL MODELLING|OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION|PROTEINS|REHYDRATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113414,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Changes of quality characteristics of pepino fruit (Solanum muricatum Ait) during convective drying","resumen":"Quality assessment of pepino fruit preserved through convective dehydration was investigated in this work.  The effect of process temperature (50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 C) on physicochemical properties, colour, nonenzymatic  browning, vitamin C, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and firmness of the fruit were  considered. When comparing the fresh with the corresponding dehydrated pepino samples, it was shown that  the drying conditions resulted in important reductions of proteins and crude fibres. Discoloration of fruit  was noticeable for all treatments due to effects of non-enzymatic browning and changes in chromatic  coordinates leading to a modification of the original colour. Regarding vitamin C and total phenolic content,  an increase of drying temperature resulted in a considerable reduction of both initial compounds contents.  Antioxidant activity showed an important decrease especially at low temperatures (e.g. 50 C). Softening of  the dried product was observed for all the treatments indicating structural modifications of the fruit due to  thermal process.","palabras_clave":"ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY|ASCORBIC ACID|FIRMNESS|HOT AIR-DRYING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113415,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Acute Hemolytic Syndrome and Chronic Liver Disease in Water Buffalos  (Bubalus bubalis)","resumen":"Two dead and one in extremis four month-old dairy buffalo heifers were received for post mortem examination at the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The carcasses were severely jaundice and haemorrhagic. The kidneys were hemorrhagic with reddish-dark urine discoloration, consistent with an acute haemolytic syndrome. High copper concentrations were detected in the kidneys and liver through atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Copper deposits were demonstrated by Timm?s stain of the liver of the three heifers. An extra-intestinal pathogenic  Escherichia coli was detected in one animal. The diagnosis was chronic copper poisoning, other chronic changes observed in the liver through HE stain and by mmunohistochemistry (Ki67, Hepar-1 and keratins 7 and 20) suggested the additional action of a non identified toxic agent, which may have had aggravated the copper poisoning. The findings of this report remarks the importance of determining nutritional standard reference values for water buffalo mineral supplementation.","palabras_clave":"Buffalo|Copper|Liver |Haemolysis|Jaundice|Escherichia coli"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113416,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Performance improvement of araujiain, a cystein phytoprotease, by immobilization within calcium alginate beads","resumen":"The effect of immobilization within alginate beads on the performance of araujiain in aqueous and non-aqueous media was studied. Optimum pH and temperature, thermal and pH-stability, kinetic parameters and operational stability were determined. Entrapped enzyme showed a increased in thermal and pH-stability, a high activity over the studied pH range (5.0-9.5), and a shift in optimum temperature from 37º C to 70º C. Immobilized araujiain retained 95% of their initial activity after 45 days of storage at 4º C, and it maintained 78% of activity after 20 hydrolytic reaction cycles. Furthermore, it showed a good performance in non-aqueous medium, used for the peptide synthesis of interest for the food industry, with a yield 2.6-fold greater than using free enzyme. In this work, it was demonstrated that a simple process of immobilization was able to improve enzyme stability for storage, temperature, pH and reusability, very important properties for practical applications.","palabras_clave":"ARAUJIAIN|CYSTEIN PHYTOPROTEASE|ENZYMATIC PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS|ALGINATE BEADS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113417,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, characterization and performance of membranes for clarification of lemon juice","resumen":"Two membranes named M1 and M2 from polysulfone (PSF) and polyvinylidenefl uoride(PVDF), respectively, were prepared in our laboratory in order to determine their structuralcharacteristics and to evaluate their efficiency in lemon juice clarification. Both membraneswere characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), liquid\u2013liquid displacement, contactangle measurements, and the water permeability (Lh). Asymmetric membranes with asponge-like and fi nger-like substructure for M1 and M2, respectively, were obtained. M1 PSFmembrane had a smaller pore size and a higher porosity than PVDF but it had a higher value ofpermeate flux and lower fouling. The quality of clarified juice was evaluated in terms of: totalsoluble solids (TSS), suspended solids (TS), pH, citric acid content (% citric ac.). The resultingclarified lemon juice was highly similar to the initial juice but the reduction of the hesperidin(HSP) was lower for M2 (34%) when is compared to M1 (41%).","palabras_clave":"Clarification|lemon juice|Membranes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113418,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Formulation and Drying of Alginate Beads for Controlled Release and Stabilization of Invertase","resumen":"        Several  alternatives to the conventional alginate beads formulation were studied for  encapsulation of invertase. Pectin was added to the alginate\/enzyme solution  while trehalose and &#946;-cyclodextrin  were added to the calcium gelation media. The effect of composition changes,  freezing, drying methods (freeze, vacuum, or air drying), and thermal treatment  were evaluated on invertase stability and its release kinetics from beads. The  enzyme release mechanism from wet beads depended on pH. The addition of  trehalose, pectin, and &#946;-cyclodextrin  modified the bead structure, leading in some cases to a release mechanism that  included the relaxation of the polymer chains, besides Fickian diffusion. Enzyme  release from vacuum-dried beads was much faster than from freeze-dried beads,  probably due to their higher pore size. The inclusion of &#946;-cyclodextrin and especially of  pectin prevented enzyme activity losses during bead generation, and trehalose  addition was fundamental for achieving adequate invertase protection during  freezing, drying, and thermal treatment. Present results showed that  several alternatives such as drying method, composition, as well as pH of the  relese medium can be managed to control enzyme release.","palabras_clave":"ALGINATE BEADS|DRYING |CONTROLLED RELEASED|INVERTASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113419,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increased advanced oxidation of protein products and enhanced total antioxidant capacity in plasma by action of toxins of Escherichia coli STEC","resumen":"Shiga toxin (Stx) and hemolysin (Hly) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 produced an increase of reactive oxygen  species (ROS) in normal human blood. In vitro assays showed that stimuli of ROS with these toxins oxidized  proteins to carbonyls in plasma and raised the degradation of oxidized macromolecules, with the  AOPP\/carbonyl relationship also increasing. The oxidative stress generated by toxins during the Hemolytic  Uremic Syndrome (HUS) produced oxidation of blood proteins with a rise in advanced oxidation protein  products (AOPP) in children with HUS. There was a response from the antioxidant system in these  patients, evaluated through the determination of the total antioxidant capacity of plasma by the Ferric  Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), which reduced the stimuli of ROS during in vitro incubation with  Stx or Hly. The application of natural antioxidants was sufficient to reduce in vitro the oxidative stress  provoked by both toxins in blood.","palabras_clave":"HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME     |SHIGA TOXIN|HEMOLYSIN|OXIDATIVE STRESS|PROTEIN OXIDATION|ANTIOXIDANTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113421,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pleurodema tucumanum, Predation","resumen":"Water bugs (Belostomatidae)  are well known to prey on anuran larvae (Giaretta  and Menin 2004. J. Nat. Hist. 38:1711\u20131722; Hinshaw and Sullivan  1990. J. Herpetol. 24:196\u2013197; Kher and Schnack 1991. Alytes  9:61\u201369; Menin et al. 2005. Phyllomedusa 4(1):39\u201347) and adults  (Bastos et al. 1994. Herpetol. Rev. 25:81; Haddad and Bastos 1997.  Amphibia-Reptilia 18:295\u2013298; Mijares-Urrutia et al. 1997. Herpetol.  Rev. 28:84; Toledo 2003. Phyllomedusa 2[2]:105\u2013108). Water  bugs eat more frogs than invertebrates because anurans are  better food items from an energetic viewpoint (Hidai and Hidaka  2002. Ecol. Res. 17:655\u2013661); they use their piercing-sucking  mouthparts to eat them (Lopez et al. 1998. Rev. Nica. Entomol.  46:1\u20135).  Herein we report predation of a juvenile Pleurodema tucumanum  by the water bug Belostoma discretum. This observation  took place during the night of 9 April 2009 in the vicinity of the  Rio Claro (32.613°S, 66.139°W), near San Francisco, Ayacucho,  San Luis 5570, Argentina, in a large pool enclosed by rocks at  the river\u2019s edge. A juvenile P. tucumanum (19.6 mm SVL) was observed  floating on the surface of the pool (no deeper than 0.2 m),  with a B. discretum (24.8 mm long) attached to its abdomen. The  water bug was holding the frog with its forelegs while piercing  the frog\u2019s left hindlimb with its proboscis. At regular intervals the  water bug swam with apparent difficulty carrying the frog to the  bottom of the pool, where it rested for an instant before emerging  for air and repeating these actions.  These individuals were photographed, collected, and preserved  in 70% ethyl alcohol. The B. discretum was deposited in  the UNSL Entomological Collection and the P. tucumanum (CHUNSL  0429) in the Herpetological Collection of Universidad Nacional  de San Luis. This is the first record of B. discretum preying  on juvenile P. tucumanum.","palabras_clave":"PLEURODEMA TUCUMANUM|PREDATION|SAN LUIS|BELOSTOMA DISCRETUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113422,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tuberculosis Bovina en Terneros","resumen":"La tuberculosis bovina (TBB) es una enfermedad producida porMycobacteriumbovis (M. bovis) que afecta a los rodeos lecheros deArgentina. La identificación yeliminación temprana de los bovinos infectados esfundamental para avanzar en elcontrol de la TBB. El objetivo de este estudio fue confirmarla infección por M. bovisy describir la distribución de las lesiones en bovinosjóvenes, positivos a la pruebatuberculínica, pertenecientes a 3 rodeos lecheros. Sietebovinos de entre 90 y 200días de edad fueron sometidos a necropsia. En los sieteterneros se encontraronlesiones macroscópicas compatibles con TBB. Todos fueronpositivos a la pruebade Ziehl Neelsen en tejidos y en 5 de los mismos, seidentifico el M. bovis. En losrodeos 1 y 2 los terneros presentaron una similitud en ladistribución de laslesiones, aunque la misma no permite inferir una vía deingreso común para el M.bovis. La identificación del M. bovis en los ternerosestudiados sugiere que lainfección de los bovinos puede ocurrir a una temprana edaden rodeos lecheros. Ladescripción de estos casos de TBB en terneros jóvenesrefuerza la importancia deldiagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad para evitar lapresencia de reservorios dela infección en el rodeo. Una rápida identificación yeliminación de los bovinospositivos a la prueba de la tuberculina contribuye a uneficiente control de la TBB enrodeos lecheros.","palabras_clave":"Tuberculosis bovina|Terneros|Lesiones|Necropsia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113423,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Accelerated age hardening by plastic deformation in Al-Cu with minor additions of Si and Ge","resumen":"An extremely fast hardening response with no reduction in peak hardness was obtained in Al\u2013Cu with minor additions of Si andGe by 8% plastic deformation before artificial aging. The mechanism for the accelerated hardening was determined by detailedcharacterization with transmission electron microscopy. Plastic deformation was found to enhance the nucleation rate of Si\u2013Geprecipitates, resulting in a higher volume density. Such precipitates catalyzed the formation of h0 precipitates that are responsiblefor hardening.","palabras_clave":"Aluminum alloys|Cold working|Precipitation|Transmission electron microscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113424,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sr, C and O isotope composition of marbles from the Sierra de Ancasti, Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina: age and constraints for the Neoproterozoic?Lower Paleozoic evolution of the proto-Gondwana margin","resumen":"The Sierra Brava Complex on the eastern flank of the Sierra de Ancasti consists of marbles, metabasites, calc-silicate rocks, psammo-pelitic schists and gneisses. In the central part of this sierra a thick succession of banded schists (Ancasti Formation) crops out. Regional metamorphism of these rocks is attributed to the Famatinian orogeny (Ordovician), metamorphic grade increasing westwards and southwards and culminating in a migmatite complex on the western side of the Sierra. The meta-carbonate rocks are subdivided into a northeastern group (low-grade calcite marbles), and a southeastern group (high-grade calcite and calcite-dolomite marbles). Twenty-three marble samples were analysed for Sr isotope composition and Rb, Mn, Mg and Ca contents, and six for C and O isotope composition. An Ediacaran depositional age of 570 ?590 Ma is inferred by reference to the trend of 87Sr\/86Sr in Neoproterozoic seawater. Thus the metacarbonates are probably slightly older than the Ancasti Formation (equivalent to the Puncoviscana Formation of northern Argentina), which has a maximum sedimentation age of ca. 570 Ma. Ediacaran depositional ages have also been reported for metacarbonates elsewhere in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. We propose that the Sierra de Ancasti carbonates on one hand, and those in the Western Sierras Pampeanas (Difunta Correa Sequence) and -tentatively- the Corumbá Group of Brazil on the other, represent platforms on opposite margins of the extinct Clymene Ocean, whereas Neoproterozoic carbonate successions such as the Loma Negra Formation (Tandilia, southern Argentina) and the Arroyo del Soldado Group (Uruguay) were deposited on the eastern side (present coordinates) of the &nbsp;Rio de la Plata craton, which at the time occupied a position farther to the north.","palabras_clave":"Isotope stratigraphy|Neoproterozoic|Gondwana|Sierras Pampeanas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113425,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Stock monzogranítico El Chorro (sierra de Ancasti, Catamarca): un ejemplo de magmatismo tipo s con granate ígneo","resumen":"Las rocas graníticas ordovícicas de la sierra de Ancasti representan uno de los afloramientos más orientales del cinturón orogénico famatiniano de Sierras Pampeanas. Se describe un pequeño stock granítico (denominado El Chorro) cuyo rasgo distintivo es la presencia de granate. Aunque el granate es un mineral accesorio poco común en rocas ígneas, su presencia es petrológicamente significativa. El Chorro es un monzogranito tipo S que contiene una inusual cantidad de granate magmático   (2,8 % modal). Estudios combinados de petrología, química mineral y de geoquímica de roca total sugieren que se trata de un   magma peraluminoso generado por la fusión parcial de rocas metasedimentarias, con la subsecuente formación de granate durante la cristalización. Los estudios realizados muestran  que el granate cristalizó en equilibrio con otras fases minerales como   biotita y muscovita. Cálculos geotermobarométricos revelan una temperatura de cristalización de 710-716 ºC y una presión de   3,8 + 0,8 kbar, indicando que el magma fue emplazado en la corteza media (~ 14 km) con temperaturas de cristalización magmáticas medias a bajas. ","palabras_clave":"granate|geoquímica de roca total|química mineral|geotermobarometría"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113426,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Identification of Echinococcus granulosus microRNAs and their expression in different life cycle stages and parasite genotypes","resumen":"The aetiological agent of cystic hydatid disease, the platyhelminth parasite Echinococcus&nbsp; granulosus, undergoes a series of metamorphic events during its complex life cycle. One of its&nbsp; developmental stages, the protoscolex, shows a remarkable degree of heterogeneous morphogenesis,&nbsp; being able to develop either into the vesicular or strobilar direction. Another level of complexity is&nbsp; added by the existence of genotypes or strains that differ in the range of intermediate hosts where they&nbsp; can develop and form fertile cysts. These features make E. granulosus an interesting model for&nbsp; developmental studies. Hence, we focused on study of the regulation of gene expression by&nbsp; &nbsp;microRNAs (miRNAs), one of the key mechanisms that control development in metazoans and plants&nbsp; and which has not been analysed in E. granulosus yet. In this study, we cloned 38 distinct miRNAs,&nbsp;  including four candidate new miRNAs that seem to be specific to Echinococcus spp. Thirty-four cloned&nbsp; sequences were orthologous to miRNAs already described in other organisms and were grouped in 16&nbsp; metazoan miRNA families, some of them known for their role in the development of other organisms.&nbsp; The expression of some of the cloned miRNAs differs according to the parasite life cycle stage&nbsp; analysed, showing differential developmental expression. We did not detect differences in the&nbsp; expression of the analysed miRNAs between protoscoleces of two parasite genotypes. This work sets&nbsp; the scene for the study of gene regulation mediated by miRNAs in E. granulosus and provides a new&nbsp; approach to study the molecules involved in its developmental plasticity and intermediate host&nbsp; &nbsp;specificity. Understanding the developmental processes of E. granulosus may help to find new&nbsp; strategies for the control of cystic hydatid disease, caused by the metacestode stage of the parasite.","palabras_clave":"microRNAs| Echinococcus granulosus| Development|."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113427,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist affects corpus luteum vascular stability and development and induces luteal apoptosis in a rat model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","resumen":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of ovarian stimulation with gonadotropinsfollowed by the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to trigger the final steps of oocytematuration. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs are thought to be effective in preventingthis complication and a clinical trial has found a lower incidence of OHSS in patients treated with thesemolecules. Our aim was to analyze the in vivo effect of a GnRH-I agonist on corpus luteum developmentand regression, ANGPT-1, ANGPT-2 and Tie-2 protein expression and luteal blood vessel stabilization,the expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and the cytochrome P450 side-chaincleavage enzyme (P450scc) and cell proliferation, in ovaries from an OHSS rat model. To this end immaturefemale Sprague-Dawley rats were hyperstimulated and treated with a GnRH-I agonist from thestart of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) administration until the day of hCG injection for 5consecutive days. Blood and tissue samples were collected 48 h after hCG injection. Vascular endothelialgrowth factor VEGF levels were evaluated in the peritoneal fluid by ELISA. Serum progesterone and estradiolwere measured by RIA. Histological features of sectioned ovaries were assessed in hematoxylin andeosin (H&amp;E) stained slides. Luteal blood vessel stability, cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessedby immunohistochemistry for SMCA, PCNA, and TUNEL, respectively. P450scc, StAR, FLK-1, ANGPT-1,ANGPT-2, Tie-2 and PCNA protein levels were evaluated by Western blot from dissected corpora lutea(CL). The treatment with the GnRH-I agonist significantly decreased serum progesterone and estradiollevels as well as P450scc and StAR protein expression in the untreated OHSS group. In addition, the agonistsignificantly decreased the number of CL in the OHSS group, as compared with the untreated OHSS group.In the OHSS group, the area of periendothelial cells in the CL was larger than that of the control group.However, the treatment with the GnRH-I agonist significantly reduced the area of periendothelial cells inthe CL in the OHSS group. The luteal levels of ANGPT-1 and its receptor Tie-2 significantly increased in theOHSS group when compared with the control group. Conversely, the administration of the GnRH-I agonistsignificantly decreased the levels of these factors in the CL from the OHSS group, as compared withthe untreated OHSS group. In addition, the treatment with the GnRH-I agonist reduced the diameter of CLand decreased CL cell proliferation as compared with that observed in the untreated OHSS group. Finally,the GnRH-I agonist increased apoptosis in the CL from the OHSS group. In conclusion, these results showthat GnRH-I agonist exerts diverse actions on the CL from a rat OHSS model. The decrease in P450scc,StAR, ANGPT-1 and Tie-2 expression, blood vessel stability and luteal proliferation leads to CL regressionin the ovaries from OHSS rats. Moreover, our results suggest that the downregulation of ANGPT-1 and itsreceptor is a possible mechanism whereby GnRH-I agonists could prevent early OHSS.","palabras_clave":"GnRH|OVARIAN HYPERSTIMULATION SYNDROME|CORPUS LUTEUM|APOPTOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113428,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Altered expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in follicles within dehydroepiandrosterone- induced polycystic ovaries in rats","resumen":"PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by hyperandrogenaemia, hirsutism, oligo- oramenorrhea, insulin resistance and anovulation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if the balance between theovarian expression of Bax (proapoptotic protein) and Bcl-2 (antiapoptotic protein) is altered in a PCOS model developedin rats by DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) administration. In addition, the ovarian morphology and the circulating progesteronelevels were evaluated. Histological studies confirmed the presence of follicular cysts, atretic follicles and theabsence of corpora lutea in the ovaries from the PCOS group and a significant decrease in circulating progesterone levels.Immunohistochemical studies showed that the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were mainly localized in granulosa cells of AFs(antral follicles) in both groups. Bax expression was greater in preantral and AFs from PCOS ovarian sections than in thecontrols. In contrast, intense Bcl-2 immunostaining was observed in the control AFs, while Bcl-2 protein was either absent inPFs (preantral follicles) or weakly expressed in AFs from PCOS rats. These results were partially confirmed by westernstudies. Data revealed that the ovarian level of Bcl-2 protein was lower in PCOS than in the control and that there wereno differences in Bax ovarian levels between groups. However, Bax\/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly higher in PCOS group thanin the control group. In conclusion, an increase in ovarian apoptosis through an imbalance among the Bcl-2 familymembers may be involved in the transformation of growing follicles in cystic follicles in the ovaries from DHEA-inducedPCOS rats.","palabras_clave":"PCOS|OVARIAN FOLLICLES|APOPTOSIS|BCL-2"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113429,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Crevice corrosion testing methods for measuring repassivation potential of alloy 22","resumen":"Alloy 22 (UNS N06022) belongs to the Ni\u2013Cr\u2013Mo family, and it is highly resistant to general and localised corrosion; however, it may suffer crevice corrosion in aggressive environmental conditions. The susceptibility to crevice corrosion is measured by the value of the repassivation potential. The objective of this work is to compare different electrochemical methods for determining the repassivation potential of alloy 22; these include cyclic potentiodynamic polarisation, Tsujikawa\u2013Hisamatsu electrochemical, potentiodynamic\u2013potentiostatic\u2013potentiodynamic and potentiodynamic\u2013galvanostatic\u2013potentiodynamic methods. The potentiodynamic\u2013galvanostatic\u2013potentiodynamic technique was found to be the most conservative laboratory technique, which gave the lowest repassivation potential in a relatively short testing time. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-wrapped ceramic crevice formers formed more severe crevices, leading to higher repassivation potentials than the solid PTFE crevice formers. Torque values higher than 2 N m were needed for obtaining reliable repassivation potentials. Surface roughness did not affect significantly the repassivation potential.","palabras_clave":"ASTM G61|ASTM G192|Repassivation potential|Chloride"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113430,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bivalves and evolutionary resilience: old skills and new strategies to recover from the P\/T and T\/J extinction events","resumen":"Diversity dynamics among bivalves during the Triassic and Early Jurassic provides the opportunity to analyse the recovery patterns after two mass extinctions: Permian\/Triassic and Triassic\/Jurassic (T\/J). The results presented here are based on a newly compiled worldwide genus-level database and are contrasted to the main morphological characters of the different taxonomical (orders and their constituent families and genera) and ecological groups. Many of such morphological characters are innovations appearing during the time span considered. Diversity and evolutionary rates were assessed and compared between these groups. During the Early Triassic there was a slow recovery, dominated by epifaunal taxa, the order Pectinida being the most diverse. The major post-Permian radiation took place during the Anisian, with several morphological and ecological innovations appearing and\/or diversifying. The Late Triassic was a time of great diversification and ecological specialization. Although the T\/J was a true mass extinction for bivalves, it was not indiscriminate as its impact was stronger on specialized orders and not all ecological categories were equally affected. Recovery during earliest Jurassic was fast, confirming the high evolutionary resilience of bivalve molluscs, except for groups with thick shells and tropical distribution, probably because of a biocalcification crisis.","palabras_clave":"BIVALVIA|MASS EXTINCTION|RECOVERY|TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY|TRIASSIC|EARLY JURASSIC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113432,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Properties of the Passive Film on Alloy 22 in Chloride Solutions Obtained by Electrochemical Impedance","resumen":"Impedance measurements were performed for alloy 22 in the passive and transpassive range, in 1 M NaCl at 90°C. A R&#937;-(R\/\/CPE) circuit model was applied in the full passive range, where R was the film resistance. This model also applied for                     a wide range of chloride concentrations and pH values, at the open circuit potential. Two time constants were observed at the beginning and at the end of the passive range.                     In these cases, the resistances for the ion transfer might be located at the film interfaces, and not in the film itself.                     The protective properties of the film improved with polarization time due to the thickening and ageing of the film. The film                     resistance and the space charge layer thickness increased with the potential. The oxidation of Cr3+ to Cr6+ occurred in the film at high potentials, followed by the transpassive dissolution. In the pre-transpassive range of potentials,                     the film showed a p-type electronic character, while the ionic properties were that of a passive film. The passive film of                     alloy 22 was an n-type semiconductor, which changed to a p-type for the high passive potentials. ND&#8201;=&#8201;2.7&#8201;×&#8201;1020 cm&#8722;3 and EFB&#8201;=&#8201;&#8722;0.551 VSCE were determined.","palabras_clave":"electrochemical impedance spectroscopy|nickel alloys|passivation|space charge"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113433,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Composition, density, and biomass of Salpidae and Chaetognatha in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34.5°S-39°S)","resumen":"Salps and chaetognaths constitute an important fraction of the macrozooplanktonand have a prominent role in the marine food web. In our study, we analyzed thespecies composition, density, and biomass in an area of the southern Atlantic Oceanduring the austral winters of 1999, 2000, and 2001. The most abundant and frequentspecies were the salpids Ihlea magalhanica (Apstein, 1894) and Iasis zonaria(Pallas, 1774), and the chaetognaths Parasagitta friderici (Ritter-Záhony, 1911) andSerratosagitta tasmanica (Thomson, 1947). Chaetognaths were found in over 80%of the stations throughout the three winters, reaching up to 67 ind.\/m3. Salps were found surviving at low population densities in 2000 and 2001, butin 1999, there were mass occurrences of I. zonaria and I. magalhanica, reachingdensities of 301 and 123 ind\/ m3, respectively. To estimate biomass in C units, therelationship between dry weight and size was calculated for S. tasmanica and forsolitaries and aggregates of I. zonaria and I. magalhanica. The biomass of salps andchaetognaths (as mg C\/ m3) over the shelf during the three consecutive winterswas strongly related to prevailing physical and biological conditions. In 1999, thegreatest contribution to macrozooplankton biomass corresponded to salps, whilein 2000 and 2001, chaetognaths dominated the biomass. In swarm conditions,like in 1999, I. zonaria and I. magalhanica widely dominated over copepods andchaetognaths, producing an increase in the quantity of available C of up to 60 timesin relation to the periods with very low population densities. ","palabras_clave":"Salpidae|Chaetognatha|Southwestern Atlantic Ocean|Distribution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113434,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unraveling the decolourizing ability of yeast isolates from dye-polluted and virgin environments: an ecological and taxonomical overview","resumen":"Microcosm assays with dye-amendedculture media under a shot-feeding strategy allowedus to obtain 100 yeast isolates from the wastewateroutfall channel of a dyeing textile factory in Tucuma´n(Argentina). Meanwhile, 63 yeast isolates wereobtained from Phoebe porphyria (Laurel del monte)samples collected from Las Yungas rainforest (Tucuma´n), via a classical isolation scheme. Isolatedyeasts, both from dye-polluted and virgin environments,were compared for their textile dye decolourizationability when cultured on solid and liquidmedia. Nine isolates from wastewater and 17 fromLas Yungas showed the highest decolourizationpotential on agar plates containing six differentreactive dyes, either alone or as a mixture. Fiveyeasts from each environment were further selectedon the basis of their high dye removal rate inVilmafix Red 7B-HE- or Vilmafix Blue RR-BBamendedliquid cultures. Yeasts from wastewatershowed slightly higher decolourization percentagesafter 36 h of culture than yeasts from Las Yungas(98\u2013100% vs. 91\u201395%, respectively). However, isolatesfrom Las Yungas exhibited higher specificdecolourization rates than isolates from effluents(1.8\u20133.0 vs. 0.9\u20131.3 mg g-1h-1, respectively). Allselected isolates were first grouped according tomicrosatellite-PCR analysis and representative isolatesfrom each group were subsequently identifiedbased on the 26S rRNA gene sequence analysis.Yeasts from wastewater were identified as theascomycetous Pichia kudriavzevii (100%) and closelyrelated to Candida sorbophila (99.8%), whilstyeasts from Las Yungas were identified as thebasidiomycetous Trichosporon akiyoshidainum andTrichosporon multisporum. It is suggested that findingsconcerning yeast selection during screeningprograms for dye-decolourizing yeasts may beexplained in the light of the copiotroph-oligotrophmicroorganisms rationale.","palabras_clave":"Biodecolourization|Dyes|Yeasts|Ecology|Taxonomy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113435,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence on manganese peroxidase and tyrosinase expression during decolourization of textile industry dyes by Trichosporon akiyoshidainum","resumen":"            Textile  dyes are engineered to be resistant to environmental conditions. During the  last years the treatment of textile dye effluents has been the focus of  significant research because of the potentially low cost of the process. Mechanisms  of biological textile dyes decolourization greatly depend on the dye chemical  structure and the employed microorganisms. Whilst basidiomycetous filamentous fungi  are well recognized for dye decolourization through ligninolytic enzymes, reports  on textile dye decolourization mechanisms of basidiomycetous yeasts have been scarce.  Decolourization of several textile dyes by Trichosporon  akiyoshidainum occurs between the first 12 h of cultivation. This fast  decolourization process could not be solely related to siderophores production or  dye sorption to biomass and showed to be a co-metabolic process. T. akiyoshidainum could use glucose,  sucrose and maltose as alternative carbon sources, and urea as an alternative  nitrogen source with similar decolourization rates. Two enzymatic activities,  manganese peroxidase and tyrosinase, were evidenced as induced by the presence  of dyes in culture media, pointing to their potential role during the  decolourization process. Manganese peroxidase titres reached 666 U l-1  to 10538 U l-1 whilst tyrosinase titres ranged between 84 U l-1  and 786 U l-1, depending on the tested dye. The present work  provides a useful background to propose new eco-friendly alternatives for the  wastewater treatment of textile dying industries.","palabras_clave":"MnPeroxidase|Tyrosinase|Trichosporon|Decolourization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113436,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional properties of films based on soy protein isolate and gelatin processed by compression molding","resumen":"Soy protein isolate (SPI) based films, blended with gelatin and plasticized with glycerol at pH 10, wereprepared by compression molding with the aim to obtain environmentally friendly materials for packagingapplications. Different contents and types of gelatin were incorporated into SPI-based mixtures toimprove mechanical properties. All films obtained were flexible and transparent. Films with 15% ofbovine gelatin showed higher tensile strength and similar elongation at break compared with the oneswithout gelatin. Moreover, contact angle measurements showed that the addition of gelatin decreasedthe hidrophilicity of the films, while UV barrier properties were maintained. The effect of gelatin additionhas been explained using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and the changes observed in the intensity ofthe bands corresponding to the amide group showed that gelatin interacts with SPI, which was confirmedby the decrease of total soluble matter.","palabras_clave":"SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE|GELATIN|PROCESSING |FILMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113437,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Anhydride \u2013 Cured  Epoxy Resins with Different Contents of Bio-Based  Epoxidized Soybean Oil","resumen":"Thermosetting resins were synthesized bythe partial replacement of the synthetic epoxy prepolymerbased on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) withincreasing amounts of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) withmethyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride as a crosslinkingagent and 1-methyl imidazole as an initiator. Calorimetricstudies showed a drop in the reaction heat with ESO content;this was associated with the lower reactivity of oxiranerings in ESO due to steric constrains. The effects ofthe replacement of increasing amounts of syntheticDGEBA with ESO on the network properties, such as thestorage modulus (E0) in the glassy and rubbery regions,glass-transition temperature (Tg), and impact and compressiveproperties were examined. All formulations weretransparent, although phase-separated morphologies wereevidenced by scanning electron microscopy observations.The intensity of the transmitted light passed to a minimumat a short reaction time associated with the cloudpoint and then increased continuously until the refractiveindex of the dispersed phase approximated that of thecontinuous phase at complete conversion. The combinationof DGEBA with 40 wt % ESO resulted in a resin with anoptimum set of properties; E0 in the glassy state was 93%of that of the neat DGEBA resin, Tg decreased only about11C, and the impact strength increased about 38% withouta loss of transparency","palabras_clave":"biopolymers|mechanical properties|thermal properties"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113438,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Itinerarios de imagen. Acerca de las historias de las artes visuales en la Argentina","resumen":"Si las canónicas historias del arte en la Argentina apuntaron a desarrollar un relato a partir del modelo evolutivo y de la sucesión de nombres y hechos de artistas célebres, las renovaciones y ampliaciones teórico-metodológicas de las últimas décadas pusieron en juego nuevas lecturas de variados objetos visuales. El proyecto Itinerarios de la imagen. Historias de las artes visuales en la Argentina, desarrollado en primera instancia en el simposio celebrado en noviembre de 2009 en el IDAES,&nbsp;fue plantear una puesta al día de esas lecturas, poniendo en diálogo trabajos correspondientes a distintas generaciones de investigadores y ampliando los relatos sobre temas-problemas vinculados a una pluralidad de centros geográficos del país.","palabras_clave":"HISTORIOGRAFÍA|HISTORIA DEL ARTE|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113439,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ANALISIS DE LOS PERIODOS SECOS Y HUMEDOS EN EL SUDOESTE DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES (ARGENTINA)","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar los períodos secos y húmedos durante el período 1970-2008 en el sudoestede la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) mediante métodos estadísticos. Se utilizaron el método de Quintiles yel Índice Estandarizado de Precipitación (IEP). Además se analizó el impacto de los eventos extremos de precipitaciónsobre los cuerpos de agua superficiales de la región (lagunas). El área de las lagunas fue calculada durantetres años pluviométricamente diferentes. La metodología incluyó el procesamiento de imágenes satelitales Landsat5 TM y 7 ETM+ e integración de datos espaciales en un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG). En el áreade estudio y desde un punto de vista pluviométrico, los años 1998, 2002 y 2008 fueron considerados normales,húmedos y secos, respectivamente para toda el área de estudio. Los períodos secos más prolongados ocurrieron apartir del año 2005 hasta el fin del período estudiado en el oeste del área de estudio y durante la década de 1970 enlos sectores central (1977-80), Este (1971-74) y Oeste (1971-74). En relación a períodos húmedos, los más prolongadosocurrieron durante las décadas de 1970 y 1980 en toda la región. Debido a que las lagunas se localizan enzonas de llanuras, se obtuvo una correlación positiva entre los valores de área cubierta por agua y la precipitaciónanual.","palabras_clave":"PRECIPITACION|LAGUNAS|IMAGENES SATELITALES|PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113440,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El rol de las lagunas bonaerenses en el paisaje pampeano","resumen":"Las lagunas de la provincia de Buenos Aires cumplenfunciones ambientales claves pocas veces valorizadas. Desdeel punto de vista ecológico, son ecosistemas con grancapacidad biogénica, debido a que constituyen un hábitatsingular para la flora y fauna característica. Albergan,además, una gran biodiversidad y constituyen el mediode importantes especies de plantas y animales en peligrode extinción.Los cuerpos lagunares tienen la capacidad de mitigarlos efectos del calentamiento global y servir de moderadoresdel régimen fluvial. Constituyen una fuente de biodiversidadpara fines de investigación y desarrollo; son,además, la base en la conformación del paisaje.","palabras_clave":"Lagunas|Geomorfologia|Recursos Hidricos|Pcia. de Buenos Aires"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113441,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efectos geomorfológicos de fuertes vientos sobre playas. El caso de la playa de Pehuen Co, Argentina","resumen":"El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el efecto de los vientos fuertes sobre la erosión y cambios geomorfológicos de la playa de la villa balnearia Pehuen Co (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Se estudiaron cuatro sectores de costa del balneario de diferentes características y orientaciones. Se analizaron datos de viento de una estación meteorológica localizada en la costa y se midieron mensualmente perfiles de playa durante el período 2007-2009. También se estudió la granulometría del médano, espaldón, berma y línea de bajamar. Los resultados mostraron que dependiendo de la dirección del viento los efectos fueron diferentes en cada sector. La zona Oeste y Centro fueron las más perjudicadas ante eventos del cuadrante SW. En cambio las zonas Este y la Reserva fueron afectadas por erosión (13 m3) con los vientos del cuadrante SE. Con estos resultados se desarrolló un mapa de vulnerabilidad de la costa.","palabras_clave":"Geomorfología de Playas|Pehuen Co|Tormentas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113442,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis de tormentas en dos ambientes acuáticos durante el invierno de 2009 (partido de Monte Hermoso, Argentina)","resumen":"Las tormentas provocan cambios en las zonas costeras que se evidencian tanto ensu morfologia como en el transporte y acumulaci6n de sedimentos. Se esludi6 elefecto de tormentas en una laguna y una playa del partido de Monte Hermosodurante julio de 2009. En este mes se produjeron las tormentas mas int ensas delperiodo invernal. Se analizaron sistemas sin6pticos del tiempo atmosferico medianteimagenes satelitales y datos obtenidos de una estaci6n meteorol6gicaubicada en la playa del balneario. Con el fin de establecer los cambios morfol6gicosy variaciones en el volumen de sedimento, se efectuaron perfiles topograficos.Las tormentas se caracterizaron por vientos superiores a 16m S·I y olas dehasta 3.6m de altura. La destrucci6n de construcciones en la playa y la acumulaci6nde resaca en el borde de la laguna fueron algunas de las consecuencias deestos eventos. Se calcul6 una disminuci6n en el volumen de sedimento de 72m3y 0.1 m3 en la playa y laguna, respectivamente. Se propone potenciar la lagunaSauce Grande como espacio turistico alternativo dentro de un Plan de ManejoTuristico.","palabras_clave":"Tormentas|Monte Hermoso|Lagunas|Playas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113443,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CLASIFICACIÓN GEOMORFOLÓGICA AUTOMATIZADA EN TERRAZAS DEL NORESTE DEL MACIZO NORPATAGÓNICO, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Se realizó una clasificación automatizada de las geoformas en terrazas del noreste del Macizo Norpatagónico, Argentina. La clasificación se realizó mediante parametrización del relieve a partir del modelo digital de elevación del proyecto Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (NASA) a través del empleo de un sistema de información geográfica. En este estudio se derivaron modelos digitales como el índice de posición topográfica (TPI) y pendiente, que se emplearon como base para la clasificación. Se realizaron sucesivos ajustes en la definición del TPI y de las reglas de clasificación de geoformas, apoyados en la supervisión de la cartografía, fotografías aéreas, imágenes satelitales y observaciones en el terreno. De acuerdo a la clasificación propuesta en este estudio, el área está dominada por las geoformas pendiente abierta y planicie que alcanzan el 45 y 33 % del área total, respectivamente. Las restantes clases geomorfológicas cubren superficies menores: lomas, cerros y sierras (8 %); bajos, valles en V (7,5 %); valles en U (3 %) y pendiente alta (2,6 %).","palabras_clave":"Clasificación geomorfológica|Terrazas|Macizo Nordpatagónico|Imágenes Radar"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113444,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Delimitación y estudio de cuencas hidrográficas con modelos hidrológicos.","resumen":"La cuenca Las Encadenadas del Oeste se localiza en el sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Es una cuenca endorreica y un escenario de suma fragilidad ante eventos hidrol6gicos extremos, debido a su incapacidad para evacuar grandes vohlmenes de agua. Por esta raz6n, es de suma importancia el conocimiento y la delimitaci6n de su cuenca hidrol6gica. EI objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer la direccion de la escorrentta superfiCial a partir de la aplicaci6n de modelos hidrol6gicos e identificar divisorias de aguas. Se aplic6 el modelo «Hydrologic Modeling», de Arc Gis, el cual consiste en delerminar todas las celdas que drenan a una en particular. Se obtuvo una clasificaci6n de las subcuencas en mayores, medias y conos aluviales activos. Los primeros formados por arroyos principales permanentes, las segundas [ormadas por arroyos secundarios que nacen de carcavas y los conos aluviales sin cursos definidos, formados en la desembocadura de los arroyos principales y secundarios.","palabras_clave":"Hidrografía|Cuencas fluviales|Modelos hidrológicos|Las Encadenadas del Oeste"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113445,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Understanding the Behavior of New Plasmonic Probes with Sub-Nanometric Resolution in Field Enhanced Scanning Optical Microscopy","resumen":"Recently, using field enhanced scanning optical microscopy (FESOM), a new kind of plasmonic nanostructured probes has been introduced capable to achieve subnanometric vertical resolution on atomically flat samples. These plasmonic probes consisting in silica (SiO2) microspheres decorated with 5 nm diameter spherical Ag nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit amultiple peaked experimental extinction spectra in colloidal dispersion. The subnanometric resolution achieved in FESOM is observed when they are attached to a metal tip and illuminated at 632 nm. On the contrary, these probes lack of resolution in FESOM measurements upon 532 nm laser light illumination. In this work, the complex extinction properties of these probes as well as their near field optical properties are compared and analyzed by means of rigorous electrodynamic simulations. The calculations show that the far and near field optical behavior can only be explained in a consistent way in terms of the plasmonic response of small Ag NPs clusters on the silica surface. Using these cluster configurations, the near field simulations of the optical response are also found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental FESOM approach curves, demonstrating in this way the subnanometric resolution achieved at 632 nm and the almost null response at 532 nm.","palabras_clave":"PLASMON|FIELD ENHANCED SCANNING  OPTICAL MICROSCOPE|SILVER NANOPARTICLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113446,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Traditional horticultural knowledge change in a rural population of the Patagonian steppe","resumen":"We investigated traditional horticultural knowledge related to plantspecies cultivated in homegardens in an arid rural population of North-western Patagonia, Argentina.By means of semi-structured interviews and field visits to the cultivated areaswe analyzed floristic composition and structure of: vegetable-gardens,greenhouses and gardens. We evaluated species richness, cover andbiogeographical origin in each cultivated area and analyzed the influence ofsocio-cultural factors, such as age and gender, on informants´ cultivationpractice. A total of 124 species were found: 75 species in vegetable-gardens, 63 in greenhouses and 68 in gardens. In allcultivated areas, most plant species (91%) were exotic and mainly used foredible purposes. Plant richness in homegardens increased with informants´ ageand both men and women play a relevant role in the maintenance of cultivatedareas. Traditional knowledge in this community has been suffering an erosionprocess, which is in part influenced by the intervention of extension agents.However, their presence creates the possibility of integrating new and ancestralpractices, favoring development of knowledge of a hybrid,syncretic nature. Alongside these changes, Pilcaniyeuinhabitants still maintain traditional homegardens cultivation, through which we can appreciate theintricate relationship between people and their physical, historical, culturaland spiritual contexts.","palabras_clave":"aprendizaje social|cognicion|comportamiento|transimision cultural"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113447,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenol solutions over CuO\/CeO2 systems","resumen":"Three 5% CuO\/CeO2 catalysts were synthesized by sol\u2013gel, precipitation and combustion methods, followed by incipient wetness impregnation with copper nitrate. The samples were characterized by XRD, TPR, BET and tested for the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of a phenol solution (5 g\/L). The reaction took place in a batch reactor at atmospheric pressure, in a temperature range of 60\u201380 °C, during 4 h. Phenol conversion, H2O2 consumption, pH and chemical oxygen demand were determined. The reaction temperature and the catalyst loading did improve the phenol and the H2O2 conversions. The effect on the selectivity towards complete mineralization was less marked, with levels among 60\u201370%. Stepwise addition of H2O2 was also tested.","palabras_clave":"CWPO|CuO\/CeO2|PHENOL|HYDROGEN PEROXIDE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113448,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison of Inoculation Methods for Characterizing Pathogenicity of Soybean Sudden-Death Syndrome Fusaria","resumen":"Fusarium tucumaniae and F. virguliforme are the primary etiological agents of sudden-death syndrome (SDS) of soybean inArgentina and the United States, respectively. Five isolates of F. tucumaniae and four isolates of F. virguliforme were tested for relativeaggressiveness to soybean, using a toothpick inoculation method and two versions of a soil infestation inoculation method. Partiallyresistant soybean cultivar RA629 and susceptible cultivar A6445RG were inoculated separately with each of the nine isolates. Twoexperiments for each inoculation method were performed. Analysis of variance identified a significant three-way interaction of soybeancultivar*experiment*SDS pathogen (P = 0.01) using the different methods. When the two soil infestation methods were used, F. virguliformewas more aggressive than F. tucumaniae; however, when using the toothpick method, isolates of F. virguliforme and F. tucumaniae wereequally aggressive. Although all three methods discriminated levels of partial resistance of the genotypes to SDS, results of the presentstudy indicated that soil inoculations with sorghum infested grain represent the best method for evaluating soybean cultivar resistance toSDS. The existence of interactions among the host, pathogen and environmental conditions highlights the need for additional studies toimprove the reproducibility of tests for screening soybean germplasm for resistance to SDS.","palabras_clave":"GLYCINE MAX, ,|ARGENTINA| PATHOGENICITY|SDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113449,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"THE CHICK OPTIC TECTUM DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES.  A DYNAMIC TABLE BASED ON TEMPORAL- AND SPATIAL-DEPENDENT HISTOGENETIC CHANGES: A STRUCTURAL, MORPHOMETRIC AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS","resumen":"Development is often described as temporal sequences of developmental stages   (DSs). When tables of DS are defined exclusively in the time domain they cannot   discriminate histogenetic differences between different positions along a   spatial reference axis. We introduce a table of DSs for the developing chick   optic tectum (OT) based on time- and space-dependent changes in quantitative   morphometric parameters, qualitative histogenetic features and   immunocytochemical pattern of several developmentally active molecules (Notch1,   Hes5, NeuroD1, &#946;-III-Tubulin, synaptotagmin-I and neurofilament-M). Seven DSs   and four transitional stages were defined from ED2 to ED12, when the basic OT   cortical organization is established, along a spatial developmental gradient   axis extending between a zone of maximal and a zone of minimal development. The   table of DSs reveals that DSs do not only progress as a function of time but   also display a spatially organized propagation along the developmental gradient   axis. The complex and dynamic character of the OT development is documented by   the fact that several DSs are simultaneously present at any ED or any embryonic   stage. The table of DSs allows interpreting how developmental cell behaviors are   temporally and spatially organized and explains how different DSs appear as a   function of both time and space. The table of DSs provides a reference system to   characterize the OT corticogenesis and to reliably compare observations made in   different specimens.","palabras_clave":"Histogenetic Developmental Stages|Developmental Gradient Axis|Developmental Spatial-Temporal Dynamics|Corticogenic Spatial Organization|Cell Proliferation Spatial Organization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113450,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Growing axons analysis by using Granulometric Size Distribution","resumen":"Neurite growth (neuritogenesis) in vitro is a common methodology in the field of developmental neurobiology. Morphological analyses of growing neurites are usually difficult because their thinness and low contrast usually prevent to observe clearly their shape, number, length and spatial orientation. This paper presents the use of the granulometric size distribution in order to automatically obtain information about the shape, size and spatial orientation of growing axons in tissue cultures. The results here presented show that the granulometric size distribution results in a very useful morphological tool since it allows the automatic detection of growing axons and the precise characterization of a relevant parameter indicative of the axonal growth spatial orientation such as the quantification of the angle of deviation of the growing direction. The developed algorithms automatically quantify this orientation by facilitating the analysis of these images, which is important given the large number of images that need to be processed for this type of study.        ","palabras_clave":"AXONAL GROWTH|NEURITOGENESIS|MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY|DEVELOPMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113451,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional Characterization of a sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase of the Cold-Resistant Grass Bromus pictus by Heterelogous Expression in Pichia pastoris and Nicotiana tabacum and its involvement in freezing tolerance.","resumen":"  We have previously reported the molecular characterization of a putative sucrose:fructan 6- fructosyltransferase (6-SFT) of Bromus pictus, a graminean species from Patagonia, tolerant to cold and  drought. Here, this enzyme was functionally characterized by heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris  and Nicotiana tabacum. Recombinant P. pastoris Bp6-SFT showed comparable characteristics to barley  6-SFT and an evident fructosyltransferase activity synthesizing bifurcose from sucrose and 1-kestotriose.  Transgenic tobacco plants expressing Bp6-SFT, showed fructosyltransferase activity and fructan  accumulation in leaves. Bp6-SFT plants exposed to freezing conditions showed a significantly lower  electrolyte leakage in leaves compared to control plants, indicating less membrane damage.  Concomitantly these transgenic plants resumed growth more rapidly than control ones. These results  indicate that Bp6-SFT transgenic tobaco plants that accumulate fructan showed enhanced freezing tolerance compared to control plants.","palabras_clave":"Bromus pictus|freezing tolerance|frcutans|Pichia pastoris"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113452,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison of predictive methods and biological validation for qPCR reference genes in sunflower leaf senescence transcript analysis","resumen":"                The selection and validation of reference genes constitute a key point for gene expression analysis based onqPCR, requiring efficient normalization approaches. In this work, the expression profiles of eight genes were evaluated to identify novel reference genes for transcriptional studies associated to the senescence process in sunflower. Three alternative strategies were applied for the evaluation of gene expression stability in leaves of different ages and exposed to different treatments affecting the senescence process: algorithms implemented in geNorm, BestKeeper software, and the fitting of a statistical linear mixed model (LMModel). The results show that geNorm suggested the use of all combined genes, although identifying a-TUB1 as the most stable expressing gene. BestKeeper revealed a-TUB and b-TUB as stable genes, scoring b-TUB as themost stable one. The statistical LMModel identified a-TUB, actin, PEP, and EF-1a as stable genes in this order.The model-based approximation allows not only the estimation of systematic changes in gene expression, but also the identification of sources of random variation through the estimation of variance components, considering the experimental design applied. Validation of a-TUB and EF-1a as reference genes for expression studies of three sunflower senescence associated genes showed that the first one was more stable for the assayed conditions. We conclude that, when biological replicates are available, LMModel allows a more reliable selection under the assayed conditions. This study represents the first analysis of identification and validation of genuine reference genes for use as internal control in qPCR expression studies in sunflower, experimentally validated throughout six different controlled leaf senescence conditions.                                                                                                                                 ","palabras_clave":"qPCR|FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS|SUNFLOWER|REFERENCE GENE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113453,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lipopolysaccharide stimulates adrenal steroidogenesis in rodent cells by a NFkB dependent mechanism involving COX-2 activation","resumen":"Stimulation of adrenal steroidogenesis is involved in the HPA response to exogenous noxa. Although inflammatory cytokines can mediate the LPS-triggered activation of the HPA, direct effects of LPS on glu- cocorticoid release have been described. Present studies were under taken to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of LPS on steroid secretion in isolated rodent adrenal cells, assessing the participation of NFKB and COX-2 activities in this response. Our results show that LPS treatment stimulates steroidogenesis in murine and rat adrenocortical cells, and that Y1 cells express the binding-transducing complex TLR-4\/CD14\/MD-2, as demonstrated by RT-PCR. NFKB activity and COX-2 protein levels are increased in this cell line by LPS treatment, and pharmacologic and molecular manipulation of the NFKB pathway significantly affected both COX-2 protein levels and steroid production. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 activity significantly impairs steroid production. Thus, our results strongly suggest that the mechanism involved in the stimulation of steroidogenesis by LPS in rodent adrenal cells involves the activation of the NFkB signaling pathway and the induction of COX-2. ","palabras_clave":"STEROIDOGENESIS|LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE|ADRENAL|COX-2"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113454,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spatial analysis of sap consumption by birds in the Chaco dry forests from Argentina","resumen":"Sap is a high energy resource  usually inaccessible to birds, except for woodpeckers that have the ability to  drill into living trees. Because spatial patterns of resource availability  influence bird abundance, we explored how spatial patterns of sap availability  determine the spatial distribution of sap-feeding species in the semiarid Chaco  of Argentina. We studied the White-fronted Woodpecker (Melanerpes cactorum), which obtains sap by drilling holes in tree trunks, and the Glittering-bellied Emerald (Chlorostilbon  aureoventris)to which sap is  available only from active woodpecker holes; another 12 bird species exploited  the sap holes. The abundance of tree species used for sap feeding did not  explain the spatial patterns of woodpecker groups. Moreover, in each territory  woodpecker abundance was centred on a single tree, one that was most intensely  used for sap feeding. Abundance of hummingbirds was strongly correlated with the  availability of trees with active holes. During the dry season sap is a major  component in the diet of White-fronted Woodpeckers and hummingbirds. However,  the scale of adjustment of consumers\u2019 spatial distribution to sap availability was  species-specific. This  species-specific response was closely related to the ecology and life history  of the species. The abundance of woodpeckers was determined by very  local mechanisms, such as the location of a single sap tree in their small  territories, whereas non-territorial hummingbirds were able to track sap wells at  scales larger than the territory of a woodpecker group. Results demonstrate the  importance of spatial analysis in identifying the ecological determinants  of species\u2019 habitat selection and niche differentiation.","palabras_clave":"FACILITATION|RESOURCE TRACKING|SAP FEEDING|SPATIAL ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113455,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Shape optimization for tumor location","resumen":"In non-invasive thermal diagnostics, accurate correlations between the thermal image at skin surface and interior human physiology are desired. In this work, an estimation methodology to determine unknown geometrical parameters of an embedded tumor is proposed. We define a functional that represents the mismatch between a measured experimental temperature profile, which may be obtained by infrared thermography on  the skin surface, and the solution of an appropriate boundary problem. This functional is related to the geometrical parameters through the solution of the boundary problem,in such a way that finding the minimum of this functional form also means finding the unknown geometrical parameters of the embedded tumor. Sensitivity analysis techniques  coupled with the adjoint method were considered to compute the shape derivative of the functional. Then, a nonmonotone spectral projected gradient method was implemented to solve the optimization problem of finding the optimal geometric parameters.","palabras_clave":"BIOHEAT TRANSFER |NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSTICS|SHAPE OPTIMIZATION|GRADIENT METHOD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113456,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Performance and thermal sensitivity of the southernmost lizards in the world, Liolaemus sarmientoi and Liolaemus magellanicus","resumen":"Abstract: Locomotor activity performance of reptiles is largely temperature dependent and, in harsh environments with short activity periods during the day and throughout the year, plays a vital role in the fitness of the species. This particular study focuses on the performance and the thermal sensitivity for running, at different body temperatures, of the two southernmost species of lizards in the world, Liolaemus sarmientoi and L. magellanicus, studied at two locations in the south of Santa Cruz province, Argentina (5 3º S, 70º W and 50° S, 72° W; 133 m asl). The speed of sprint and long runs was measured in the field to determine the physiological performance of lizards at different air temperatures. In both species speed increases with the temperature, and they reach the highest performance at high temperatures. The difference between activity and thermal optima suggests that L. magellanicus has colonized its actual environment recently, and that it has not had enough time for its physiological mechanisms to evolve and achieve a maximum performance at the cold temperatures they have to tolerate at present. In contrast, L. sarmientoi achieved a high performance over a wider range of temperatures that included temperatures lower than the preferred temperatures in the lab, which they can generally find in their environment ","palabras_clave":"PERFOMANCE|FITNESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113457,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Thermal relationships between body temperature and environment conditions set upper distributional limits on oviparous species'","resumen":"We determined the thermal biology of the oviparous Liolaemus boulengeri and the viviparous Liolaemus lineomaculatus populations localised at high and low latitude sites in Patagonia, Argentina. We present data of body temperatures in the &#64257;eld (T b ) and preferred temperature in the laboratory (T pref ), micro- environmental&nbsp; and&nbsp; operative&nbsp; temperatures&nbsp; and&nbsp; the&nbsp; effectiveness&nbsp; of&nbsp; thermoregulation.&nbsp; Liolaemus boulengeri and L. lineomaculatus choose different heat sources for active selection of suitable thermal micro-environments&nbsp; for&nbsp; thermoregulation,&nbsp; and&nbsp; the&nbsp; oviparous&nbsp; L.&nbsp; boulengeri&nbsp; is&nbsp; a&nbsp; more&nbsp; effective thermoregulator (E ¼ 0.55) than the viviparous L. lineomaculatus (E ¼ 0.43). Even when L. boulengeri is a better thermoregulator and both species show identical timing in the reproductive cycles, there are constraint&nbsp; factors&nbsp; that&nbsp; impose&nbsp; limitations&nbsp; on&nbsp; the&nbsp; southernmost&nbsp; distribution&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; oviparous L. boulengeri.","palabras_clave":"FISIOLOGÍA TÉRMICA|SIMPATRÍA|LAGARTOS|REPTILES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113458,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gemini\/GMOS imaging of globular cluster systems in five early type galaxies'","resumen":"This paper presents deep high quality photometry of globular cluster (GC) systems belonging to five early-type galaxies covering a range of mass and environment. Photometric data were obtained with the Gemini North and Gemini South telescopes in the filter passbands g , r , and i . The combination of these filters with good seeing conditions allows an excellent separation between GC candidates and unresolved field objects. In fact, our previously published spectroscopic data indicates a contamination level of only ~10 percent in our sample of GC candidates. Bimodal GC colour distributions are found in all five galaxies. Most of the GC systems appear bimodal even in the (g -r ) vs (r -i ) plane. A population of resolved\/marginally resolved GC and Ultra Compact Dwarf candidates was found in all the galaxies. A search for the so-called 'blue tilt' in the colour-magnitude diagrams reveals that NGC 4649 clearly shows that phenomenon although no conclusive evidence was found for the other galaxies in the sample. This 'blue tilt' translates into a mass-metallicity relation given by Z \\prop M ^ {0.28±0.03}. This dependence was found using a new empirical (g -i ) vs [Z\/H] relation which relies on an homogeneous sample of GC colours and metallicities. This paper also explores the radial trends in both colour&nbsp; and surface density for the blue (metal-poor) and red (metal-rich) GC subpopulations. As usual, the red GCs show a steeper&nbsp; radial distribution than the blue ones. Evidence of&nbsp; galactocentric colour gradients is found in some of the GC systems, being more significant for the two S0 galaxies in the sample. Red GC&nbsp; subpopulations show similar colours and gradients to the galaxy halo&nbsp; stars in their inner region. A GC mean colour-galaxy luminosity relation, consistent with [Z\/H] \\prop LB 0.26±0.08 , is present for the red GCs. An estimate of the total GC populations and specific frequency&nbsp; SN values is presented for NGC 3115, NGC 3923 and NGC 4649.","palabras_clave":"Galaxies|Eliptical galaxies|Globular Cluster|cD galaxies"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113459,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Propiedades  microbiológicas en un suelo de la patagonia argentina bajo la influencia de diferentes especies forestales","resumen":"En los sistemas forestales, la hojarasca es generalmente la principal fuente de nutrientes para la vegetación y microorganismos,pudiendo variar éstos en relación a la biomasa y calidad de los materiales aportados por diferentes especies. Las raíces de los árbolesejercen influencia en el desarrollo y actividad de la microflora. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia sobre el suelode dos especies arbóreas implantadas, con distinta composición del residuo vegetal aportado al suelo. El suelo está clasificado comoun Andisol y está ubicado en la Estación Forestal Trevelín, Chubut, Argentina, Lat. 43º Sur, Long 71º31´ Oeste. Se extrajeron muestrassuperficiales de suelo de dos parcelas de bosque con una especie dominante cada una: Pino radiata (Pinus radiata D. Don.) y Robleeuropeo (Quercus robur). Se determinó carbono orgánico, respiración microbiana, actividad deshidrogenasa, diversidad funcionalde comunidades microbianas asociadas y se calculó el índice de diversidad de Shanon Weaver (H). Se cuantificaron bacterias totales,bacterias amilolíticas, actinomicetes y hongos. Los valores de respiración microbiana y carbono orgánico resultaron significativamentesuperiores en el suelo debajo de Roble. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre valores de deshidrogenasa. Los recuentosde flora bacteriana total y de bacterias amilolíticas dieron significativamente superiores en el suelo asociado a Roble, mientras quelos actinomicetes y hongos no mostraron diferencias significativas entre especies. El análisis de componentes principales mostróvariaciones significativas en la fisiología de las comunidades microbianas asociadas a estas dos especies. El índice de diversidadH de la microflora fue significativamente mayor para Pino. Los residuos de Roble por ser una especie latifoliada y por lo tanto poseermenor contenido de sustancias recalcitrantes que una conífera, asociado al mayor desarrollo de bacterias totales y amilolíticas,podría favorecer una mayor descomposición del residuo vegetal aportado al suelo y explicar los mayores valores de carbono orgánicoy respiración microbiana obtenidos.","palabras_clave":"SUELO FORESTAL|RESPIRACION MICROBIANA| ACTIVIDAD DESHIDROGENADA|DIVERSIDAD FINCIONAL MICROBIANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113460,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of geometries and electronic properties of AgSin clusters using DFT\/TB.","resumen":"We present a theoretical study of the structures of silver silicon clusters, AgSi$_n$, $n=1-15$, using density functional tight binding methods. We discuss in detail the search for silicon clusters stabilized by silver dopage, their dissociation paths and electronic properties. We also investigate the properties of silver encapsulated structures and compare them to those obtained when replacing the silver atom by different metals. Our results are checked against experimental measurements when available.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Electronic properties|Silicon cluster|DFTB+"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113461,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Male and Female reproductive Toxicity induced by sub-chronic ethanol exposure in CF-1 mice","resumen":"Since genetic damage induced by ethanol exposure is controversial and incompleteand because germ and somatic cells constitute bioindicators for monitoring reproductivetoxicity and genotoxic actions of ethanol consumption, the purpose of the presentinvestigation was to evaluate morphological sperm and oocyte alterations and parentalgenotoxic effects after chronic moderate ethanol intake in the CF-1 outbred mouse model.Ethanol 10% was administered to CF-1 adult male (treated males, TM) and female (treatedfemales, TF) mice for 27 days, whereas water was given to controls (CM and CF). Posttreatmentmicronucleus frequency (MN-PCE\/1000\/mouse) and gamete morphology wereevaluated. To test whether change of female reproductive status results in maternalgenotoxicity, CF-1 females received ethanol 10% (exposed group, PTF) or water (controlgroup, PCF) in drinking water for 17 days previous and up to 10 days of gestation. TM had ahigh percentage of abnormal spermatozoa vs CM (p&lt;0.001) and elevated parthenogeneticactivated oocyte frequency appeared in TF vs CF (p&lt;0.001). Chronic ethanol ingestion inducedincreased MN frequency in TM and TF (p&lt;0.01). In periconceptionally treated females (PTF),where blood alcohol concentrations were between 19-28 mg\/dl, very significantly increased MNfrequency was found vs PCF (p&lt;0.01), whereas MN values were similar to TF. These resultsshow that chronic moderate alcohol ingestion in CF-1 mouse produces sperm headdysmorphogenesis and oocyte nuclear anomalies, suggesting that morphological abnormalities ingerm cells are probably related to parental genotoxicity after ethanol consumption.","palabras_clave":"ethanol|oocyte|spermatozoa|micronucleus|CF-1 mouse"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113462,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chromosome Painting in Two Genera of South American Monkeys: Species Identification, Conservation, and Management","resumen":"Cytogenetic studies showed that a number of New World primate taxa, particularly the genera Alouatta, Aotus, and Callicebus,   have highly derived karyotypes. Cytogenetics in these primates, at   every level of analysis, has contributed to the recognition of species   and revealed that their number was certainly underestimated by   researchers relying solely on traditional morphological data. Further   attention was drawn to Alouatta and Aotus because they are   characterized by translocations of the Y chromosome to autosomes,   generating multiple sex chromosome systems. Here we present a report on   the hybridization of human chromosome-specific paints on metaphases from   4 individuals originally assigned to Alouatta caraya and 1 individual of Aotuslemurinus. This is only the third karyotype studied with chromosome painting out of more than 10 known karyomorphs in Aotus.   The banded chromosomes matched those of karyotype II as defined by Ma   et al. [1976a], and we were able to more precisely assign the origin of   the sample to A. l. griseimembra. Our results on the Argentinean Alouatta caraya samples were generally comparable to the banding and hybridization pattern of previous studies of A. caraya including the presence of an X1X1X2X2\/X1X2Y1Y2 sex chromosome system. The karyotype of the Brazilian Alouatta sample labeled as A. caraya   differs from the 3 Argentinean samples by at least 10 chromosome   rearrangements. The diploid number, G banding, and hybridization pattern   of this female cell line was almost identical to previous painting   results on Alouatta guariba guariba. Therefore we must conclude that this cell line is actually from an A. guariba guariba   individual. The contribution of cytogenetic tools in identifying   species or in this case assigning individuals or cell lines to their   precise taxonomic allocation is stressed. Gathering further molecular   cytogenetic data on New World primates should be conservation and   management priorities.","palabras_clave":"Alouatta|Aotus|Karyotype|Molecular cytogenetics|Phylogenetics|Platyrrhini"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113463,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genome size of two Cebus species (Primates: Platyrrhini) with a Fertile Hybrid and Their Quantitative Genomic Differences","resumen":"Genome size or C-value is defined as the total amount of DNA contained within a haploid chromosome set and is regarded as a species-specific constant. Speciation among neotropical primates seems to be accompanied by marked quantitative changes in DNA content. A direct correlation between genome size and the presence of heterochromatin has also been proposed. In this work, we analyzed the genome of a female fertile hybrid between Cebus libidinosus and C. nigritus using interspecies comparative genomic hybridization (iCGH), in order to detect quantitative differences between the hybrid and the parental genomes. We also estimated the genome sizes of C. libidinosus and C. nigritus. Both species, considered subspecies of C. apella until 2001, have a highly homologous karyotype but are easily distinguishable at the chromosomal level due to the noncentromeric heterochromatin block on C. libidinosus chromosome 11. Our findings on C-value quantification support the species status for C. libidinosus and C. nigritus , each having a different genome size. The iCGH analysis of the hybrid revealed quantitative differences in comparison to both parental species. The hybrid genome contains a greater amount of DNA in the heterochromatic blocks related to those in the genomes of both parental species. In view of observations in previous and the present work, some hypotheses about genome dynamics of neotropical primates are proposed and discussed.","palabras_clave":"CEBUS|C-VALUE|GENOME|HETEROCHROMATIN|HYBRID|INTERSPECIES COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113464,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cytological and Cytogenetic effects induced by Thiabendazole  on   Allium cepa  root meristems","resumen":"The toxicity and genotoxicity of thiabendazole (TBZ) in its commercial formulation Foldan ® was studied in Allium cepa meristematic cells for a range of concentrations between 10 and 250 µg \/ ml. Our results showed that exposure to TBZ induced a significant increase in the frequency of anaphase telophase chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and binucleated cells for all concentrations of TBZ. The frequency of anaphase telophase aberrations reached a plateau in the concentration 50 µg \/ ml of TBZ, probably because of mitotic toxicity manifested TBZ at concentrations of 100 and 250 µg \/ ml. There was also an increase in the rate of metaphase and anaphase indicating alterations in the segregation of chromatids.  The results indicate that exposure to TBZ induced toxicity and genotoxicity consistent with the presence of mechanisms that interfere with the formation of microtubules.","palabras_clave":"Genotoxicity| Cytotoxicity| Mitotic index| Binucleates|Thiabendazole"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113465,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Two Separate Introductions of Asian Citrus Psyllid Populations Found in the American Continents","resumen":"Aphylogeographic analysis inferred from the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidasesubunit I gene (433 bp) was performed with 22 populations of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama collectedin the Americas and one in the PaciÞc. Eight populations from four countries in South America, 14from four countries in North America, and one from Hawaii were analyzed. Twenty-three haplotypes(hp) were identiÞed and they fell into two groups: hp1Ð8 were identiÞed in South America (group1) and hp9Ð23 were identiÞed in North America and Hawaii (group 2). Hp1 and nine were presentin the highest frequencies within each population and within their group, 81 and 85% for group 1 andgroup 2, respectively. A diagnostic nucleotide at position 48 was identiÞed that allowed for thediscrimination of the two groups; in addition, no haplotypes were shared between the two groups. Ananalysis of molecular variance uncovered signiÞcant genetic structure (CT  0.733; P  0.001)between the two groups of the Americas. Two haplotype networks (ParsimonySplits and StatisticalParsimony) discriminated the two groups and both networks identiÞed hp1 and nine as the predictedancestral or founding haplotypes within their respective group. The data suggest that two separateintroductions or founding events of D. citri occurred in the Americas, one in South America and onein North America. Furthermore, North America and Hawaii appear to share a similar source ofinvasion. These data may be important to the development of biological control programs against D.citri in the Americas.","palabras_clave":"MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME OXIDASE SUBUNIT I GENE|PHYLOGEOGRAPHY|HAPLOTYPES |GEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE|BIOLOGICAL CONTROL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113466,"idioma_id":6,"titulo":"Catholicisme et nationalisme : le politico-religieux et la ' matrice commune ' en Argentine","resumen":"This article aims to describe different links between Catholicism, nationalism and politics in Argentina´s twentieth-century.To do this, it focuses on historical moments that have functioned as 'hitus' of these relationships: political crisis of the '30s, the rise of Peronism and insurrectionary climate of the '60s and '70s.Thus, we propose to show on two main arguments: on the one hand, the existence of a common parent crossed nationalist and Catholic divergent policy options; on the other hand that these phenomena are difficult to subsume on traditional oppositions as right and left or reaction and progress.","palabras_clave":"Nationalisme|Catholicisme|Argentine|Politique"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113467,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Paleosecular variation and paleointensity records for the last millennium from southern South America (Laguna Potrok Aike, Santa Cruz, Argentina)","resumen":"High-resolution paleo-and rockmagnetic studies were performed on a group of four sediment cores from Laguna Potrok Aike (Santa Cruz, Argentina) representing the time period AD 1300\u20132000. The rock magnetic analyses show that the main magnetic mineral is (titano)magnetite with a concentration between 0.01 and 0.08%, and a grain size of 4\u201315&nbsp; m. This study is helpful in order to complete the paleosecular variation (PSV) and paleointensity type curves for South America which do not have a detailed record for the last millennium. The comparison with the study carried out for Lake El Trébol shows a very good agreement,supporting that PSV records of south-western Argentina can be developed into a stratigraphic correlation tool on a regional scale.","palabras_clave":"Paleosecular variation|Relative paleointensity|ICDP|Southern Hemisphere"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113468,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Magnetic parameters analysis of a climosequence of soils in the Southern Pampean Region, Argentina","resumen":"Magnetic parameters of different soil types from Caleu-Caleu, La Pampa, Tres Arroyos, Buenos Aires province, Argentina show an increase in ferrimagnetic mineral concentrations in the solum. Titanomagnetites are major magnetic minerals in the soils. The distribution patterns of grain size dependent magnetic parameters, anhysteric susceptibility and frequency dependent susceptibility versus depth reflect changes to smaller grain sizes, especially single domain, in the upper soil horizons. This magnetic behavior is more evident in the humid than in the dry region. These soils represent a climosequence, where drier conditions are represented towards the west of the transect and were classified as Torripsamment and aridic Haplustoll types. Higher relative humidity conditions towards the east of the transect yield a development of Argiustolls and Argiudolls. The behavior of magnetic parameters appears to reflect the degree of pedogenesis reached in the area with a mean annual temperature around 14 ºC and a rainfall ranging between 400 to 800 mm\/ year. The data indicate a new magnetic pattern, opposite of that obtained in soils in the north of the Pampean prairie.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|SOILS|MAGNETIC PARAMETERS|MAGNETID ENHANCEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113469,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"METALLIC NANOTUBES CHARACTERIZATION VIA SURFACE PLASMON EXCITATION","resumen":"In this work, we show theoretical results of2 the behaviour of the extinction cross section as a func3the behaviour of the extinction cross section as a func3tion of the incident wavelength for metallic nanotubes4 (Nts) with a 2D core\u2013shell structure. To calculate the(Nts) with a 2D core\u2013shell structure. To calculate the5 optical response of the gold, silver and cooper sys6optical response of the gold, silver and cooper sys6tem, an exact integral formalism is implemented. The7 method is based on Green\u2019s integral theorem, and itmethod is based on Green\u2019s integral theorem, and it8 allows us to compute the electromagnetic field at anyallows us to compute the electromagnetic field at any9 point in space. For a correct description of the constitu10point in space. For a correct description of the constitu10tive parameters of themetallic shell, we introduce a cor1111rective model for the dielectric function in terms of the12 shell thickness in the range 1 to 10 nm. In particular, weshell thickness in the range 1 to 10 nm. In particular, we13 investigate the features of surface plasmons in metallic Nts, and in the cases of Au and Cu, the mechanisms 1414of the interband transitions play a relevant role. In 1515this paper, we show that a quasi-static approach is not 1616sufficient to account the plasmon\u2013plasmon interaction 1717in Ag Nts. The aim of these studies is to characterize 1818core size and shell thicknesses of the Nts by means of 1919the surface plasmon resonance observed in the far field. 2020investigate the features of surface plasmons in metallic Nts, and in the cases of Au and Cu, the mechanisms 1414of the interband transitions play a relevant role. In 1515this paper, we show that a quasi-static approach is not 1616sufficient to account the plasmon\u2013plasmon interaction 1717in Ag Nts. The aim of these studies is to characterize 1818core size and shell thicknesses of the Nts by means of 1919the surface plasmon resonance observed in the far field. 2020","palabras_clave":"nanotubes characterization|Surface plasmon excitation|core-shell nanotubes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113470,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An optical nanoantenna made of plasmonic chain resonators","resumen":"We propose a novel structure that behaves like an optical antenna and converts evanescentwaves into propagating waves. The system comprises metallic subwavelength cylindersdistributed in a dual-period array. It is illuminated by an evanescent wave generated by totalinternal reflection in a close interface. For particular wavelengths, the system exhibitsresonances and the inhomogeneous wave is converted into propagating waves that radiate to the far field. This effect can be controlled by varying the geometrical parameters of the structure, such as the period and the inclination angle. Therefore, the transmitted intensity can be sent to a predesigned direction. This structure could be used in highly sensitive detection devices, among other applications.","palabras_clave":"NANOANTENNAS|COMPOUND STRUCTURES|PLASMONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113471,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Commentary: Optical nanoantennas: from  communications to super-resolution","resumen":"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The field of optical nanoantennas has recently experienced an extensive growth in researchactivities, owing to the fascinating possibility of confining electromagnetic radiation to sub-wavelength spatial domains via surface plasmon polaritons. As a result of nanoconfinements,the local electromagnetic field can be significantly enhanced, leading to a number of extraor-dinary effects. The potential of these devices is spectacular; applications range from plasmonicwaveguides and nano-interconnects for ultrafast communications, to solar-cells energy-efficientguiding, biosensors, amplification of molecular responses, increased Raman scattering, andmedical cancer treatments, among others.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An antenna is a part of a system designed to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. Thisdevice is able to convert the radiation energy of the propagating wave into localized energy, andvice versa. The same energy conversion mechanism also occurs in metallic nanostructures atthe optical range: the electromagnetic radiation can be resonantly coupled to the free electronsof noble metals, resulting in intense concentrations of energy at the surface of the nanostructure,in a localized way. This resonant phenomenon is known in the literature as surface plasmonresonance. Thus, a metallic nanostructure might operate like an optical antenna.","palabras_clave":"nanoantennas|Plasmonics|optical resonances"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113472,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new compound heterozygous for c.886C>T\/c.2206C>T [p.R277X\/p.Q717X] mutations in the thyroglobulin gene as a cause of  foetal goitrous  hypothyroidism","resumen":"The identification of thyroglobulin (TG) mutations has contributed significantly to the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of congenital hypothyroidism because of dyshormonogenesis, an autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by congenital goitre. Fifty-one germline mutations have been identified in the human TG. Although the incidence of TG mutations is still unknown in France, previous studies have reported four TG mutations in two compound heterozygous patients. In the first, a foetal goitrous hypothyroidism, the paternal mutation consisted of a cytosine deletion at nucleotide 1143 in exon 9 (c.1143delC), resulting in a frameshift which generated a stop codon at position 382 (p.G362fsX382), and the maternal mutation was a c.6725G&gt;A in exon 38, creating the p.R2223H missense mutation in the acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)-homology domain of the TG. The second patient was heterozygous for a nonsense mutation because of a c.4588C&gt;T at exon 22 [p.R1511X] (father\u2019s mutation) and for a c.5386C&gt;T at exon 27 [p.Q1777X] (mother\u2019s mutation).2 The aim of the present study was to characterize a novel compound heterozygous for TG mutations in a French family with foetal goitrous hypothyroidism. In a 27-year-old white women, a foetal goitre was diagnosed coincidentally by ultrasound at the 22th week of gestation during her first pregnancy. The ultrasound examination showed enlargement of the goitre (thyroid circumference 105 mm; &gt;99th percentile for gestational age), but foetal vitality and amniotic fluid volume appeared normal. There was no historical evidence of iodine deficiency in the family, and the parents were nonconsanguineous. The thyroid parameters of the mother when foetal goiter was diagnosed were in the normal range, with no circulating autoantibodies (anti-TPO, anti-TG and anti-TSH receptor). Percutaneous umbilical vein blood sampling under ultrasound guidance was performed at the 25th week of gestation, showing important foetal hypothyroidism with high serum TSH (384 mU\/l; reference values 10.2 ± 3.8 mU\/l) and low free T4 (5.2 pmol\/l; reference values 13.10 ± 1.60 pmol\/l) levels. An intra-amniotic injection of 180 ìg l-thyroxine was performed at the end of the 27th week, at the beginning of the 30th week and at the end of the 32th week of gestation. At the 33th week, thyroid circumference decreased to 76 mm. The woman had a caesarean delivery at the 34th week of gestation for foetal suffering and delivered a female infant with a weight of 1980 g, a body height of 40.5 cm and a cranial circumference of 30 cm with an Apgar score of 10 at 1 min. The neonate had a moderate asymmetric thyroid goitre with right predominance. Scintigraphy showed a normally located thyroid gland with a goiter which was confirmed by ultrasound imaging. The right lobe measured 22 · 15 · 8 mm and the left lobe 20 · 10 · 8 mm. The lack of a complete reduction of the foetal goitre after intra-amniotic treatment in our case is in perfect agreement with the observed in a recently published cohort of 12 treated foetuses.5 Intra-amniotic treatment led to a reduction in the size of the goitre in 90% of the cases, but complete reduction was never observed with l-thyroxine dosage ranging from 200 to 800 ìg per injection and number of injections from 1 to 6, thus indicating that the optimal management of this disorder was still to be determined. Thyroid functions tests in our patient indicated elevated TSH (359 mUI\/l; reference values: 0.5\u20135.0 mUI\/l), low free T4 (5.8 pmol\/l, reference values: 10\u201325 pmol\/l) and low normal free T3 (4.2 pmol\/l, reference values: 4\u20137 pmol\/l) levels and anti-TPO negative. The serum TG concentration was low (0.3 lg\/l, reference values: &gt;30 lg\/l) suggesting that dyshormonogenetic goitre could be related to defective TG synthesis. Treatment with l-thyroxine drops was started at 4 days (15 ìg\/kg per day). She had a very good compliance, and her growth was normal. She had been evaluated at the age of 4 using the Battery for Rapid Evaluation of Cognitive Functions (BREV), and her results were in normal range. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents, and the research project was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Sequence analysis of the TG gene revealed that the index patient was heterozygous for a previously documented nonsense mutation owing to a cytosine to thymine transition at nucleotide 866 in exon 7 (c.886C&gt;T, mother\u2019s mutation) in one allele and for a novel also cytosine to thymine transition at nucleotide position 2206 in exon 10 (c.2206 C&gt;T, father\u2019s mutation) in the other allele. The c.886C&gt;T and c.2206 C&gt;T mutations resulted in premature stop codons at amino acids 277 [p.R277X] and 717 [p.Q717X], respectively. The p.R277X mutation is the most frequently reported mutation in the TG gene, and affected individuals are either homozygous or compound heterozygous. The clinical spectrum of the homozygous patients ranges from moderate to severe goitrous hypothyroidism. This putative truncated protein of 276 amino acids eliminates eight repetitive units Type 1, from Type 1\u20134 to 1\u201311, all elements of Type 2 and Type 3 repetitive, and ACHE-homology domain of TG. These domains are also eliminated in the putative truncated protein p.Q717X, with the difference that the deletion of Type 1 domain is localized between repeat motifs Type 1\u20137 and Type 1\u201311. ACHE-homology domain may function as an intramolecular chaperone for the efficient transport of the TG to extracellular space. It has been demonstrated that the presence of a stop codon in the position 175 in the mouse TG still allows the secretion of a truncated protein. This observation suggests that the intracellular transport and the secretion capacity continue to work despite the complete deletion of ACHE-like region, as observed in the p.R277X and p.Q717X peptides. In our reported case, some foetal L-T4 are present at the 25th week of gestation, indicating that both early truncated TG proteins could be externalized to the thyroid follicles where the enzymatic iodinating machinery could iodinate the truncated TG proteins, which still harbour both the hormonogenic acceptor tyrosine 5 and the donor tyrosine 130. In conclusion, we here describe a French family in whom a new compound heterozygous constellation (p.R277X\/p.Q717X) was identified in the TG gene as the underlying molecular defect for a foetal goitrous hypothyroidism. The prevalence of a limited number of mutations in each population will facilitate greatly the molecular genetic testing. ","palabras_clave":"CONGENITAL GOITRE|HYPOTHYROIDISM|THYROGLOBULIN|MUTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113473,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thyroglobulin Gene Mutations in Congenital Hypothyroidism","resumen":"Human thyroglobulin (TG) gene is a single copy gene, 270 kb long, that maps on chromosome 8q24.2\u20138q24.3 and contains an 8.5-kb coding sequence divided into 48 exons. TG is exclusively synthesized in the thyroid gland and represents a highly specialized homodimeric glycoprotein for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Mutations in the TG gene lead to permanent congenital hypothyroidism. The presence of low TG level and also normal perchlorate discharge test in a goitrous individual suggest a TG gene defect. Until now, 52 mutations have been identified and characterized in the human TG gene with functional impact such as structural changes in the protein that alter the normal protein folding, assembly and biosynthesis of thyroid hormones. 11 of the mutations affect splicing sites, 11 produce premature stop codons, 23 lead to amino acid changes, 6 deletions (5 single and 1 involving a large number of nucleotides) and 1 single nucleotide insertion. TG mutations are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and affected individuals are either homozygous or compound heterozygous. The p.R277X, p.C1058R p.C1977S, p.R1511X, p.A2215D and p.R2223H mutations are the most frequently identified TG mutations. This mini-review focuses on genetic and clinical aspects of TG gene defects. ","palabras_clave":"CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM|FETAL GOITRE|DYSEMBRYOGENESIS|THYROGLOBULIN GENE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113474,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Arsenate adsorption and desorption kinetics on a Fe(III)-modified montmorillonite","resumen":"The adsorption-desorption kinetics of arsenate on a Fe(III)-modified montmorillonite (Fe-M)was studied at different arsenate concentrations, pH and stirring rates. The general characterization ofFe-M by chemical analyses, XRD, TG\/DTA and N2 adsorption revealed that the synthesized solid was aporous sample where Fe(III) was present as a mix of monomeric and polymeric Fe(III) species in theinterlayer and on the external surface. The Fe(III) species were the responsible for arsenateadsorption. The adsorption took place in a two-step mechanism. There was an initial fast binding ofarsenate to Fe(III) species at the external surface (with half-lives of 1 min or shorter) followed by aslower binding to less accessible Fe(III) species in pores and the interlayer (with half-lives of around 1h). Desorption experiments with arsenate adsorbed at different times also reflected the presence ofexternally and internally adsorbed arsenate. Arsenate adsorbed at the external surface desorbedquickly, whereas arsenate adsorbed at internal surfaces desorbed more slowly. At pH 6 the maximumadsorbed arsenate was 52 umol\/g, a value that is rather low as compared to adsorption on ferrihydrite(700 umol\/g) and goethite (192-220 umol\/g). However, since the Fe(III) content of Fe-M is muchlower than that of ferrihydrite and goethite, Fe(III) species in Fe-M are more efficient in bindingarsenate than in ferrihydrite or goethite. One As atom is attached every 8.95 atoms of iron in Fe-M.This high binding efficiency indicates that Fe(III) species are well spread over the montmorillonitesurface, forming small oligomeric species or small surface clusters containing just a few iron atoms.","palabras_clave":"ADSORPTION|DESORPTION|ARSENATE|MODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113475,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La Gendarmería Infantil durante la última dictadura","resumen":"              Resumen. En  este artículo analizamos las actividades que se desarrollaron&nbsp; en el marco del \u201CPlan de Acción Cívica de Gendarmería Nacional\u201D, concentrándonos en particular en  la creación y desarrollo de la Gendaarmería Infantil.&nbsp;               Sostenemos que dicho Plan buscaba  integrar y mejorar la imagen de la Gendarmería en la sociedad, y que la experiencia  de la Gendarmería   Infantil resultó un intento de incidir  en la socialización de los niños y jóvenes por parte de un sector del régimen  militar. El propósito de influir sobre su formación, se observa en el  establecimiento de lazos entre niños y jóvenes y las fuerzas de seguridad, la  socialización&nbsp; en valores propios de esas  fuerzas y en la participación en ceremonias fuertemente asociadas a sus  principios  ","palabras_clave":"Gendarmería |dictadura|socialización |niñez"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113476,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic diversity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes assessed by morphological data for sustainable field pea breeding.","resumen":"We characterized 13 accessions of dry peas of different origins from various growing regions in Argentina, based on three replications of 20 plants cultivated in 2009 and 2010 in a greenhouse, with the objective of selecting those with favorable characteristics for use in breeding programs. Significant differences were found for length and width of stipule and pod, length of the internodes and leaflets, plant height, total number of nodes, number of nodes at the first pod, number of days to flowering and to harvest, number of pods and seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and grain diameter, demonstrating a high degree of genetic variability. Phenotypic correlation analysis demonstrated that large pods produced more seeds per pod, but the seed weight decreased. Plants with smaller number of nodes in the first pod were more productive. Estimates of genotypic correlation coefficients indicated a strong inherent association among the different traits. Clustering methods grouped the accessions into five clusters. Cluster 5 included two accessions and showed the highest values for length and width of stipules (4.9 and 4.5 cm, respectively), length of leaflets (7.43 cm) and days to flowering (122.6), while cluster 3, with one accession, and cluster 4, with two accessions, showed the highest values for number of seeds per pod (3.78 and 4.39), number of pods per plant (5.33 and 5.70), length of pods (5.54 and 5.72 cm), and width of pods (1.21 and 1.20 cm, respectively). We conclude that accessions in clusters 3 and 4 would be useful for crosses with other cultivars in pea breeding programs.","palabras_clave":"GENETIC VARIABILITY|HERITABILITY|PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS|CLUSTER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113478,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Temperature and massive fish deaths in southern South America","resumen":"ABSTRACT Based on a compilation of data on massive fish deaths occurred in southern South America during the Twentieth Century, we assessed the importance of climatic variables on these phenomena. We found a strong relationship (R2 =0.68) between these massive fish deaths and the mean monthly air temperature. Along the annual temperature range there is a central range (14.6ºC to 20.0ºC), where the probabilities that a fish community suffers massive deaths is very low. Its central point (17.3ºC) is very close to the mean annual value (17.2ºC) of air temperature variation. We considered this agreement as corroboration at community level of Pianka\u2019s theory on physiological optima. This relationship allows to monitoring the influence of climate changes, because the environmental variation and the zones of mortality and no mortality will change with predicted changes of the mean monthly values of air temperature. ","palabras_clave":"Argentina|Environmental change|Fish comunities|Massive fish deaths"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113479,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Paravortex panopea n. sp. (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) on clams from the northern Patagonian coast, Argentina: pathogeny and specificity","resumen":"During a histopathological survey of the geoduck, Panopea abbreviata (Hiatellidae), and the razor clam, Ensis macha (Pharidae), in northern Patagonian gulfs (Argentina), turbellarian worms were found in the intestine lumen. In this work, we described a new species of Paravortex (Platyhelminthes, Graffillidae). We collected the hosts by scuba diving and dissected alive for studying the turbellarians. In this new species, the pharynx continues in a short esophagus and the latter in a saccular intestine. Gravid specimens have from 2 to 8 twin embryos in theparenchyma. A short penis papilla arises from the seminal vesicle and the gonopore presents a strong sphincter. This species resembled P. nicolli Szidat, 1965, which was describedparaziting Mytilus edulis platensis in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The new species can be differentiated from P. nicolli mainly by the presence of a penis papilla and a sphincter between genital atrium and gonopore. This turbellarian species was significantly more prevalent ingeoducks (28 %, n = 210) than in razor clams (6 %, n = 480) (KW, p &lt; 0.0001). For both host species, no evidence of direct physical damage caused by turbellarians was observed.","palabras_clave":"PARASITOS|TURBELARIO|BIVALVOS|ESPECIFICIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113480,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Recycled concretes made with waste ready-mix concrete as coarse aggregate","resumen":"Using waste materials for new products is a global trend undergoing rapid development. Recycling materials allows for a more efficiente life cycles and contributes to environmental protection. In the construction field, this trend has gained importance because of the shortage of natural resources and because of environmental problems caused by storing building-demolition wastes. This situation has led to the search for new applications for these wastes, and their use as aggregates in concrete is an interesting alternative. In this paper, some characteristics of recycled coarse aggregates obtaines by crushing waste ready-mix concrete, as well as the mechanical and durability properties of recycled concretes made by using 25, 50 and 75% of these aggregates, are presented. Recycled concretes show lower compressive strength than conventional concrete for the higher strength level, whereas the durability properties of the two are similar.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"RECYCLING|CONCRETE AGGREGATES|COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH|SPLITTING STRENGTH|STATIC MODULUS|WATER PENETRATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113481,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Use of recycled fine aggregate in concretes with durable requirements","resumen":"The use of construction waste materials as aggregates for concrete production is highly attractive compared to the use of non-renewable natural resources, promoting environmental protection and allowing the development of a new raw material. Several countries have recommendations for the use of recycled coarse aggregate in structural concrete, whereas the use of the fine fraction is limited because it may produce significant changes in some properties of concrete. However, during the last decade the use of recycled fine aggregates (RFA) has achieved a great international interest, mainly because of economic implications related to the shortage of natural sands suitable for the production of concrete, besides to allow an integral use of this type of waste. In this study, the durable behaviour of structural concretes made with different percentage of RFA (0%, 20%, and 30%) is evaluated. Different properties related to the durability of concretes such as absorption, sorptivity, water penetration under pressure, and carbonation are determined. In addition, the results of compressive strength, static modulus of elasticity and drying shrinkage are presented. The obtained results indicate that the recycled concretes have a suitable resistant and durable behaviour, according to the limits indicated by different international codes for structural concrete.","palabras_clave":"RECYCLED FINE AGGREGATE|RECYCLED CONCRETE|COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH|DURABILITY|TRANSPORT PROPERTIES|DRYING SHRINKAGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113482,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Effect of gamma radiation on Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus ultrastructure and mycotoxin production'","resumen":"Fungi can cause damage to animal health through infectious processes and intoxication called mycotoxicoses. Aspergillus spp. are among the main mycotoxin producers. The use of gamma radiation is an important way of prevention against fungal contamination in different raw materials plant and animal feed. By controlling the fungal contamination, it is intended to also reduce the occurrence of mycotoxins. The aim of this work was to study, by optical and electronic microscopy, the effects of different doses of gamma radiation on the morphological, physiological (toxigenic ability) and genetic characteristics of A. flavus and A. ochraceus strains. Morphological variations between control and irradiated strains, such as color, texture and colonies reverse, pigment production, conidia size and aspect were observed. Irradiated fungi showed ultra structural changes on cell wall, plasmalema and cytoplasm levels. The main pathologic changes were found to occur on endomembrane systems mainly affecting plasma membrane and membranous organelles specially nuclei and mitochondria. However, the RAPD study showed small differences in similarities between irradiated and non-irradiated strains, depending on the dose applied. The use of irradiation is a complement of the good practices of manufacture and constitutes a strategy that must be added to other methodologies to prevent and control the presence of toxigenic fungi.","palabras_clave":"ASPERGILLUS|AFLATOXICOSIS|IONIZATION RADIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113483,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surveillance of Aflatoxin and Microbiota Related to Brewer's Grain Destined for Swine Feed in Argentina","resumen":"Córdoba province in the center of Argentina is an important area of swine production. The use of industry residue (brewer´s grain) as feedstuff for swine is a regular practice and inceases animal performance on these animals production. The occurrence of aflatoxin contamination is global, causing severe problems especially in developing countries. No reports on aflatoxin B1 production, micoflora and potential aflatoxin B1 producer from brewer´s grain are available. The aims of this study were 1) to isolate the microbiota species from brewer´s grain, 2) to determine aflatoxin B1 natural contamination levels and 3) to determine the ability of Aspergillus section Flavi isolates to produce aflatoxins in vitro. Physical properties, total fungal counts, lactic acid bacteria and fungal genera distribution were determined on this substrate. In 65% of the samples, fungal counts were higher than recommended, lactic bacterium counts ranged from 1.9 x 105 to 4.4 x 109 CFU g-1. Aspergillus spp. prevailed over other fungal genera. Aspergillus flavus was the prevalent species followed by A. fumigatus. Aflatoxin B1 levels in the samples were higher than 20 &#61549;g kg-1. Several Aspergillus section Flavi strains were able to produce aflatoxin B1 in vitro. Inadequate storage conditions promote the proliferation of mycotoxin-producing fungal species. Regular monitoring of feeds is required in order to prevent chronic and acute toxic syndromes related to this kind of contamination.","palabras_clave":"Brewer´s grain|aflatoxin B1|aflatoxigenic fungi|lactic acid bacteria|swine production"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113484,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of low levels of aflatoxin B1 on performance, biochemical parameters, and aflatoxin B1 in broiler liver tissues in the presence of monensin and sodium bentonite","resumen":"ABSTRACT   Aflatoxins (AF) are a major problem in  broiler production and are significant economic and  public health burdens worldwide. A commercial sodium  bentonite (Na-B) adsorbent was used to prevent  the effect of AF [50 &#956;g of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)\/kg of  feed] in broiler productivity, biochemical parameters,  macroscopic and microscopic liver changes, and AFB1  liver residues. The influence of Na-B (0.3%) and monensin  (MON, 100 mg\/kg), alone or in combination, was  investigated in depth. The dietary treatments were as  follows: treatment (T) 1: basal diet (B); T2: B + MON;  T3: B + Na-B; T4: B + Na-B + MON; T5: B + AFB1;  T6: B + AFB1 + Na-B + MON; T7: B + AFB1 +  MON; T8: B + AFB1 + Na-B. Birds were fed dietary  treatments for 28 d (d 18 to 46). No significant differences  (P < 0.05) were observed among treatments with respect to broiler performance, biochemical parameters,  or relative liver weights. With the exception  of T8, all livers showed histopathological alterations,  with accumulation of fat vacuoles. The normal appearance  of livers from T8 showed the protective effect of  Na-B against aflatoxicosis. The residual AFB1 levels in  livers from T5 to T8 ranged from 0.2 to 1.0 ng\/g and  were higher in livers from T6 (P < 0.05). Results of this  study indicate a competition between AFB1 and MON  for adsorption sites on Na-B when feed contains low  levels of the toxin, indicating a nonselective adsorption  capacity of this particular Na-B. In addition, significant  levels of AFB1 in livers indicate that this determination  is an important technique not only for diagnosis of  aflatoxicosis in broilers, but also for quality control of  avian products.","palabras_clave":"AFLATOXIN B1|BROILER|SODIUM BENTONITE|MONENSIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113485,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"MYCOBIOTA AND MYCOTOXINS CONTAMINATION IN RAW MATERIALS AND FINISHED FEED INTENDED FOR FATTENING PIGS PRODUCTION IN EASTERN ARGENTINA.","resumen":"The aim of this work was to determine mycobiota and zearalenone, fumonisin B1, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A contamination present in raw materials and finished feed intended for fattening pigs. Samples were examined for total fungi and genera distribution. Zearalenone, fumonisin B1, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A contamination were determined using high pressure liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Milled maize and finished feed samples showed high fungal contamination. All samples contained at least one of the main mycotoxigenic genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium spp. Aspergillus flavus and F. verticillioides were the most prevalent species. All samples were positive for FB1. All sucking pig, piglet, growing and boar feed samples showed natural contamination with zearalenone. Aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A contamination were not detected. There was a 100% correlation between fumonisin B1 and zearalenone contamination in sucking pig, piglet, growing and boar feed samples. Fifty percent of piglet samples and 67% of suckling pig samples showed zearalenone levels over the recommended limits. The presence of mycotoxins indicates the existence of contamination. This fact requires periodic monitoring to prevent the occurrence of mycotoxicosis in fattening pigs\u2019 production.","palabras_clave":"aflatoxin B1, |fumonisin B1, |fungi|ochratoxin A|pig feed|zearalenone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113486,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sodium bentonite and monensin under chronic aflatoxicosis","resumen":"Clay feed additives have been increasinglyincorporated into animal diets to prevent aflatoxicosis.Due to the nonselective nature of the binding interaction,many important components of the diets couldalso be made unavailable because of these feed additives.The anticoccidial monensin (MON) could also besequestered by these clays. The use of sodium bentonite(NaB) from a mine in the province of Mendoza, Argentina,was investigated as a sequestering agent to preventthe effects of 100 ìg\/kg of dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). In vitro studies demonstrated that the above NaB wasa good candidate to prevent aflatoxicosis. They alsoshowed that MON competes with AFB1 for the adsorption sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.In vitro studies demonstrated that the above NaB wasa good candidate to prevent aflatoxicosis. They alsoshowed that MON competes with AFB1 for the adsorption sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.In vitro studies demonstrated that the above NaB wasa good candidate to prevent aflatoxicosis. They alsoshowed that MON competes with AFB1 for the adsorption sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 does not significantly change productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.productive or biochemical parameters. However, liverhistopathology not only confirmed the ability of thisparticular NaB to prevent aflatoxicosis but also the decreaseof this capacity in the presence of 55 mg\/kg ofMON. This is the first report stressing this fact andfurther research should be performed to check if thisbehavior is a characteristic of the assayed NaB or ofthis type of clay. On the other hand, the presence ofMON should also be taken into account when assayingthe potential AFB1 binding ability of a given bentonite.sites on the clay surface and effectively displacesthe toxin when it is in low concentration. Even thoughthe levels of MON in diets, approximately 55 mg\/kg,are high enough to not be significantly changed as aconsequence of the adsorption, they can further affectthe ability of the clays to bind low levels of AFB1. An in vivo experiment carried out with poultry showedthat 100 ìg\/kg of AFB1 <\/font","palabras_clave":"chronic aflatoxicosis|monensin|Sodium bentonite|broiler chickens"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113487,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"IFPA Meeting 2010 Workshops Report II: Placental pathology; Trophoblast invasion; Fetal sex; Parasites and the placenta; Decidua and embryonic or fetal loss; Trophoblast differentiation and syncytialisation","resumen":"Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting. At IFPA Meeting 2010 diverse topics were discussed in twelve themed workshops, six of which are summarized in this report. 1. The placental pathology workshop focused on clinical correlates of placenta accreta\/percreta. 2. Mechanisms of regulation of trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling were discussed in the trophoblast invasion workshop. 3. The fetal sex and intrauterine stress workshop explored recent work on placental sex differences and discussed them in the context of whether boys live dangerously in the womb.4. The workshop on parasites addressed inflammatory responses as a sign of interaction between placental tissue and parasites. 5. The decidua and embryonic\/fetal loss workshop focused on key regulatory mediators in the decidua, embryo and fetus and how alterations in expression may contribute to different diseases and adverse conditions of pregnancy. 6. The trophoblast differentiation and syncytialisation workshop addressed the regulation of villous cytotrophoblast differentiation and how variations may lead to placental dysfunction and pregnancy complications. ","palabras_clave":"Placenta|Embrion |Feto|Decidua"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113488,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Availability of vitamin D photoconversion weighted UV radiation in southern South America","resumen":"Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) plays a key role in several biological functions, including human health. Skin exposure to UVR is the main factor in vitamin D photoconversion. There is also evidence relating low levels of vitamin D with certain internal cancers, mainly colon, breast and prostate, as well as other diseases. Several epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between the above-mentioned diseases and latitude, in accordance with the ultraviolet radiation latitudinal gradient. The aim of this study is to determine whether UV irradiance levels in the southern South America are sufficient to produce suitable levels of vitamin D year around. For this purpose, vitamin D photoconversion weighted-irradiance was analyzed between S.S. de Jujuy (24.17°S, 65.02°W) and Ushuaia (54° 50&#8242;S, 68° 18&#8242;W). In addition to irradiance, skin type and area of body exposed to sunlight are critical factors in vitamin D epidemiology. Due to a broad ethnic variability, it was assumed that the skin type in this region varies between II and V (from the most to the less sensitive). All sites except South Patagonia indicate that skin II under any condition of body area exposure and skin V when exposing head, hands, arms and legs, would produce suitable levels of vitamin D year round (except for some days in winter at North Patagonian sites). At South Patagonian sites, minimum healthy levels of vitamin D year round can be reached only by the more sensitive skin II type, if exposing head, hands, arms and legs, which is not a realistic scenario during winter. At these southern latitudes, healthy vitamin D levels would not be obtained between mid May and beginning of August if exposing only the head. Skin V with head exposure is the most critical situation; with the exception of the tropics, sun exposure would not produce suitable levels of vitamin D around winter, during a time period that varies with latitude. Analyzing the best exposure time during the day in order to obtain a suitable level of vitamin D without risk of sunburn, it was concluded that noon is best during winter, as determined previously. For skin type II when exposing head, exposure period in winter varies between 30 and 130 min, according to latitude, except for South Patagonian sites. During summer, noon seems to be a good time of day for short periods of exposure, while during leisure times, longer periods of exposure without risk of sunburn are possible at mid-morning and mid-afternoon. At 3 h from noon, solar zenith angles are almost the same for sites between the tropics and North Patagonia, and at 4 h from noon, for all sites. Then, in these cases, the necessary exposure periods varied slightly between sites, only due to meteorological differences. © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry and Owner Societies.","palabras_clave":"VITAMINA D|UV"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113489,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'The bright end of the colour-magnitude relation of cluster galaxies'","resumen":"We investigate the physical processes involved in the development of the  red sequence (RS) of cluster galaxies by using a combination of  cosmological N-body simulations of clusters of galaxies and a  semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. Results show good agreement  between the general trend of the simulated RS and the observed  colour-magnitude relation (CMR) of early-type galaxies in different  magnitude planes. However, in many clusters, the most luminous galaxies depart from the linear fit to observed data, as traced by less  luminous ones, displaying almost constant colours. With the aim of  understanding this particular behaviour of galaxies in the bright end of  the RS, we analyse the dependence with redshift of the fraction of  stellar mass contributed to each galaxy by different processes, i.e.  quiescent star formation, and starbursts triggered by disc instability  and merger events. We find that the evolution of galaxies in the bright  end since z ~= 2 is mainly driven by minor and major dry mergers, while  minor and major wet mergers are relevant in determining the properties  of less luminous galaxies. Since the most luminous galaxies have a  narrow spread in ages (1.0 × 1010 yr &lt; t &lt; 1.2  × 1010 yr), their metallicities are the main factor  that affects their colours. Their mean iron abundances are close to the  solar value and have already been reached at z ~= 1. This fact is  consistent with several observational evidence that favour a scenario in  which both the slope and scatter of the CMR are in place since z ~=  1.2. Galaxies in the bright end reach an upper limit in metallicity as a  result of the competition of the mass of stars and metals provided by  the star formation occurring in the galaxies themselves and by the  accretion of merging satellites. Star formation activity in massive  galaxies (stellar mass &gt;= 1010  MSun) that takes place at low redshifts contributes with  stellar components of high metallicity, but the fraction of stellar mass  contributed since z ~= 1 is negligible with respect to the total mass  of the galaxy at z = 0. On the other hand, mergers contribute with a  larger fraction of stellar mass (~10-20 per cent), but the  metallicity of the accreted satellites is lower by ~0.2 dex than the  mean metallicity of galaxies they merge with. The effect of dry mergers  is to increase the mass of galaxies in the bright end, without  significantly altering their metallicities. Hence, very luminous  galaxies present similar colours that are bluer than those expected if  recent star formation activity were higher, thus giving rise to a break  in the RS. These results are found for simulated clusters with different  virial masses (1014- 1015 h-1  MSun), supporting the idea of the universality of the CMR  in agreement with observational results.","palabras_clave":"GALAXIES: CLUSTERS: GENERAL|GALAXIES: ELLIPTICAL AND LENTICULAR, CD|GALAXIES: EVOLUTION|GALAXIES: FORMATION|GALAXIES: GROUPS: GENERAL|GALAXIES: INTERACTIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113490,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cardiac Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH) mediates left ventricular hypertrophy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR)","resumen":"Local thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) may be involved in cardiac pathophysiology, but its role in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is still unknown. We studied whether local TRH is involved in LVH of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by investigating TRH expression and its long-term inhibition by interference RNA (TRH-iRNA) during LVH development at two stages (prehypertrophy and hypertrophy). SHR and their control rats (WKY) were compared. Cardiac hypertrophy was expressed as heart\/total body weight ratio (HW\/BW). TRH content (RIA), preproTRH, TRH receptor type I (TRHR1), BNP, and collagen mRNA expressions (real-timePCR) were measured. For long-term inhibition of TRH, TRH-iRNA was injected into the left ventricle (LV) wall for 8 weeks. Hearts were processed for morphometric studies and immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against á-smooth muscle actin, and collagen type III. LV preproTRH-mRNA abundance was similar in both strains at 7 weeks of age. At the hypertrophic stage (18 weeks old), however, there was a 15-fold increase in SHR vs. WKY, consistent with a significant increase of tripeptide levels and the expression of its receptor. Specific LV-TRH inhibition at the prehypertensive stage with TRH-iRNA, which decreased &gt;50% preproTRH expression and tripeptide levels, prevented LVH development as shown by the normal HW\/BW ratio observed in TRH-iRNA-treated SHR. In addition, TRH-iRNA impeded the increase of BNP and type III collagen expressions, and prevented the increase of cardiomyocyte diameter evident in mismatch iRNA-treated adult SHR. These results show for the first time that the cardiac TRH system is involved in the development of LVH in SHR.","palabras_clave":"TRH|Heart|Hypertrophy|SHR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113491,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of reactive oxygen species in the early stages of liver regeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","resumen":"Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for prognosis after liver resection. In previous work we found a pro-apoptotic state in the diabetic rat liver. In this work, this was also observed 1 hour post-partial hepatectomy (PH) and resulted in a deficient regenerative response 24 hours post-PH. Treatment with insulin and\/or Desferoxamine (DES) (iron chelator) or TEMPOL (TEM) (free radicals scavenger) were effective in preventing the liver reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by diabetic state. High levels of ROS play a role in hepatic lipid peroxidation in diabetes before and after PH, and lead to increased pro-apoptotic events, which contribute to a reduced regenerative response. This becomes of relevance for the potential use of antioxidants\/free radical scavengers plus insulin for improvement of post-surgical recovery of diabetic patients subjected to a partial hepatectomy.","palabras_clave":"ROS |DIABETES|HEPATECTOMY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113492,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spatial analysis of the impact of shrimp culture on the coastal wetlands on the Northern coast of Sinaloa, Mexico","resumen":"no disponible","palabras_clave":"shrimp|culture|wetlands|Sinaloa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113493,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sea slugs, subliminal pictures and vegetative state patients: Boundaries of consciousness in classical conditioning","resumen":"Classical (trace) conditioning is a specific variant of associative learning in which a neutral stimulus leads to the subsequent prediction of an emotionally charged or noxious stimulus after a temporal gap. When conditioning is concurrent with a distraction task, only participants who can report the relationship (the contingency) between stimuli explicitly show associative learning. This suggests that consciousness is a prerequisite for trace conditioning. We review and question three main controversies concerning this view. Firstly, virtually all animals, even invertebrate sea slugs, show this type of learning; secondly, unconsciously perceived stimuli may elicit trace conditioning; and thirdly, some vegetative state patients show trace learning. We discuss and analyze these seemingly contradictory arguments to find the theoretical boundaries of consciousness in classical conditioning. We conclude that trace conditioning remains one of the best measures to test conscious processing in the absence of explicit reports.","palabras_clave":"Aplysia|Consciousness|Learning|Subliminal|Trace conditioning|Vegetative state"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113494,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of synthesis conditions on Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 nanopowders properties","resumen":"In this work, the synthesis of nanocrystalline Ce0.9Zr0.1O2 powders via the gel-combustion method, using different fuels, and following either stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric pH-controlled routes is investigated. The objective is to evaluate the effect of synthesis conditions on the textural and morphological properties, and the crystal structure of the synthesized materials. The solids were characterized by nitrogen physisorption, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XPD), and Carbon-Hydrogen-Nitrogen Elemental Analysis (CHN).  All the powders exhibited nanometric crystallite size, fluorite-type structure and negligible carbon content. Synthesis conditions strongly affect the average crystallite size, the degree of agglomeration, the  specific surface area and the pore volume. Our results indicate that, by controlling the synthesis conditions it is possible to obtain solids with custom-made morphological properties.","palabras_clave":"Ceramics|Nanostructures|Oxides|Chemical Synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113495,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Parametric study of the gel-combustion synthesis of nanocrystalline ZrO2-based powders","resumen":"In this paper,wereport a study of the effect on the powdermorphology of zirconia based solid solutions of several parameters of the synthesis by gel-combustion routes, such as fuel, metal\/fuel ratio, composition of the nanopowder, pH of the precursor solution, etc.Weevaluated the average crystallite size, BET specific surface area and the degree of agglomeration of the final ceramic nanopowders. The intermediate stages of the synthesiswere characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, X-ray Powder Diffraction, X ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Infrared Thermography. We found that the precursor gel remained compositionally homogeneous up to the self- combustion step and that in order to obtain a low average crystallite size (< 10 nm) and a low degree of agglomeration, the combustion temperature must be tailored to be as high as possible. Finally, a novel gel-combustion route assisted with hydrogen peroxide is reported.","palabras_clave":"ceramics|chemical synthesis|infrered spectroscopy|XAFS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113496,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Localized description of band structure effects on Li atom interaction with graphene","resumen":"We study theoretically the localized aspects of the interaction between an Li atom and graphene. To this end, we use an ab initio calculation of the Hamiltonian terms within the Anderson model that allows us to take into account the chemical properties of Li and C atoms and the two-dimensional band structure of graphene. In this way, physical magnitudes of interest such as the hybridization function, the adatom spectral density and valence occupation are calculated. We find that the interference between the adatom neighboring sites together with the pronounced energy gap around the Gamma point lead to negligible hybridization widths in a wide range of energies andare practically not dependent on the adsorption site. Consequently, this very weak coupling regime makes possible a local magnetic moment formation. Moreover, the strong suppression of the atom level broadening allows for an explanation of the unexpected neutralization measured at low energies in experiments of Li+scattering by a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface.","palabras_clave":"Li-GRAHENE INTERACTION|ADSORPTION|SCATTERING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113497,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Theory of scanning tunneling microscopy of adsorbed molecules on metallic surfaces for nearly localized atomic states","resumen":"We consider a Hubbard-Anderson model which describes localized orbitals in five different sites hybridized both among themselves and with a continuum of extended states. A square planar geometry with an atom at the center is used to represent TBrPP-Co molecules. When the renormalized effective hopping between sites is small compared with a Kondo energy scale determined by the site-continuum hybridization, the system can be described as a set of independent Kondo resonances, rather than molecular states. We study the crossover between both regimes and analyze the spectral density of conduction electrons as a function of position. The results are in qualitative agreement with measurements of the differential conductance in a system with TBrPP-Co molecules adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface.","palabras_clave":"KONDO EFFECT|DIFFERENTIAL CONDUCTANCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113498,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Emergence of HSV-1 syncytial variants with altered  virulence for mice after selection with a natural carrageenan","resumen":"Background: Antiviral therapy against herpes simplex virus based on sulfated polysaccharides, like carrageenans, represents a new alternative for genital herpes infections treatment and arises the concern about the appearance of resistant viral populations.Methods: We characterized the F strain of herpes simplex virus-1 passaged in the presence of a natural carrageenan isolated from the red seaweed Gigartina skottbergii in view of the virulence for mice of isolated viral clones.Results: Viral clones (syn14-1 and syn17-2) showed a syncytial phenotype and a mild resistance to carrageenan, heparin, acyclovir, and brivudine. Both clones were avirulent for BALB\/c mice when inoculated intravaginally, whereas F strain produced high mortality. Attenuation correlated with low levels of TNF-&#945;, interleukin-6, and IFN-&#947; in vaginal lavages although virus titers were similar to those obtained for F strain. On the contrary, they showed a marked virulence when inoculated intranasally leading to a generalized spreading of virus.Conclusions: Results confirm the hypothesis that selection of herpes simplex virus-1 with a carrageenan in vitro leads to the emergence of variants with a differential virulence when compared to the original virus. This finding should be addressed when an antiviral therapy against genital herpes infection employing a natural carrageenan is under consideration.","palabras_clave":"HSV-1|carrageenan|syncytial"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113499,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential effect of acute and persistent Junin virus infections on the nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking and expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) type A\/B","resumen":"Abstract  Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A\/B (hnRNPs A\/B), cellular RNA-binding proteins that participate in splicing, trafficking, translation and turnover of mRNAs, have been implicated in the life cycles of several RNA cytoplasmic viruses. Here we demonstrated that silencing of hnRNP A1 and A2 significantly reduced the replication of the arenavirus Junin (JUNV), the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. While acute JUNV infection did not modify total levels of hnRNP A\/B expression in comparison with uninfected cells, non-cythopatic persistent infection exhibited low levels of these cell proteins. Furthermore, acutely infected cells showed a cytoplasmic relocalization of overexpressed hnRNP A1 probably related to the involvement of this protein in virus replicative cycle. This cytoplasmic accumulation was also observed in cells expressing viral nucleoprotein (N) and coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed the interaction between hnRNP A1 and N protein. By contrast, a predominantly nuclear distribution of overexpressed hnRNP A1 was found during persistent infection, even in the presence of endogenous or overexpressed N protein indicating a differential modulation of nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking in JUNV acute and persistent infections.","palabras_clave":"JUNIN VIRUS|HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS|PERSISTENT INFECTION|hnRNPA1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113500,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto de la asociación y actividad de un cleptoparásito sobre el comportamiento trófico de su hospedador","resumen":"Between April and September 2006 and 2007 we studied the effect of kleptoparasitism on the foraging behavior of its host. The study was conducted at Mar Chiquita Lagoon (Argentina, 37º46\u2019S, 57º27\u2019W). Our study system consisted of the Brown-hooded Gull (Chroicocephalus maculipennis) and the Grey-hooded Gull (Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus) as kleptoparasitic species, and the American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) as a host species. Focal observations were performed on oystercatchers feeding under two different feeding scenarios, that is in presence or absence of kleptoparasites. No differences were found in the comparison of hosts\u2019 foraging effort in presence or absence of kleptoparasites. However, prey capture rate and the duration of each capture event were significantly affected by the presence of the kleptoparasites, with kleptoparasitized hosts showing higher prey capture rates and lower duration of capture events. These changes in the foraging behavior can be regarded as two avoidance strategies performed by hosts in presence of kleptoparasites.  In addition, the larger capture rates and shorter duration of captures in kleptoparasitized hosts might also be linked to the association of gulls to more efficient or experienced oystercatchers. The exploration of these new questions would require studies with banded individuals to allow the observation of same birds under contrasting scenarios (i.e., with and without kleptoparasites).","palabras_clave":"kleptoparasitism|foraging strategy|Chroicocephalus maculipennis|Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus|Haematopus palliatus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113501,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The diet of the South American Tern: the Argentine Anchovy as key prey in the non-breeding season","resumen":"The Argentine Anchovy (Engraulis anchoita) is one of the most important pelagic fishery resources of the Patagonian Shelf and is known to be an important prey item for several seabirds of the northern Argentine coast. The South American Tern (Sterna hirundinacea) is endemic to the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America and, on the Atlantic coast, breeds from central Brazil to southern Argentina. Large non-breeding flocks form during the austral winter and springfrom southern Brazil to northern Patagonia. The diet of the South American Tern was studied over three consecutive nonbreeding seasons through the analysis of regurgitated pellets. The Argentine Anchovy comprised &gt;80% (index of relative importance) of fish prey in the diet, and remained important throughout the study period. Other important fish prey were Cornalito Silverside (Odonthestes incisa), Pejerrey Silverside (O. argentinensis) and Stripped Weakfish (Cynoscionguatucupa). The growing interest in commercially fishing Argentine Anchovies makes it important that studies are conducted to determine the potential effect of the harvest of Anchovies on South American Terns and other top predators.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINA|ENGRAULIS ANCHOITA|PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS|STERNA HIRUNDINACEA|WINTERING GROUNDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113502,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kleptoparasitism during courtship in Sterna hirundo  and its relationship with female reproductive performance","resumen":"Kleptoparasitism is a well-known foraging tactic used opportunistically by many seabird species. However, little is known about this behaviour during the early stages of the breeding cycle and its effects on breeding performance. Here, we investigated the relationship between kleptoparasitism during the courtship period and female reproductive performance in Common Terns (Sterna hirundo). All identified kleptoparasites were males, and none of their mates performed such behaviour. We compared two groups of tern pairs, one where the males performed kleptoparasitism (kleptoparasitic group, n = 10), the other one where both mates were non-kleptoparasitic (honest group, n = 22). The body mass of kleptoparasitic females was between 8 and 15% higher than that of honest females. In kleptoparasitic females, the third egg was significantly bigger than in honest birds, and the egg-volume was not significantly different between the three eggs of the clutch in contrast to honest birds. We found no differences in the comparison among hatching success between both groups. The reproductive output, however, was significantly higher in the kleptoparasitic than in the honest group. Hence, we are providing the first evidence that kleptoparasitism during early stages of the breeding cycle has a strong link with egg size and reproductive output in Common Terns.","palabras_clave":"Kleptoparasitism|Common tern|Reproductive performance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113503,"idioma_id":10,"titulo":"Monitoramento da presença de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae em granjas de suínos durante a implementação de programas de erradicação","resumen":"O objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar a presençade M. hyopneumoniae em granjas suínas durante aimplementação de programas de erradicação utilizandodiferentes técnicas de diagnóstico focalizando no PCR.Trabalhou-se com uma empresa que possuía três granjas, umaparto-terminação (390 matrizes), uma múltiplo-sítio (4100matrizes) e uma nova granja que povoava suas novas instalações.Nas duas primeiras, foi desenvolvido um programa dedespovoamento parcial para erradicar a pneumonia enzoóticasuína, a última foi povoada pelos suínos dos anteriores após aerradicação. Nos três rebanhos, os suínos foram monitoradospor: sorologia (ELISA), PCR, lesões pulmonares macro emicroscópicas e a presença de tosse não produtiva. A ausênciade tosse, a baixa porcentagem de suínos soropositivos na fase determinação e a baixa proporção de lesões pulmonares no abatesugerem que a pneumonia enzoótica suína foi erradicada, masnão o agente causativo -M. hyopneumoniae- cujo DNA foidetectado pela PCR, mostrando diferentes comportamentos deacordo com o rebanho.","palabras_clave":"MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE|PNEUMONIA ENZOÓTICA SUÍNA |nPCR|ELISA|LESÕES PULMONARES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113504,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Diversidad genética de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae en granjas porcinas de Argentina","resumen":"El Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae es el agente causal de la neumonía enzoótica porcina (NEP), una de las enfermedades respiratorias de mayor impacto en la industria porcina. Conocer su diversidad genética permite el desarrollo de estudios epidemiológicos y de patogénesis para desarrollar&nbsp; estrategias de control más efectivas. En este trabajo se analizaron 39 muestras de ADN de hisopado nasal y lavado bronquial de cerdos de distintas edades, provenientes de siete orígenes diferentes, que habían sido positivas a la detección de M. hyopneumoniae por nPCR. Para tipificar este patógeno en las muestras provenientes de hisopados nasales, se diseñó una nPCR que amplifica en el gen p146 una región que codifi ca serinas repetidas en tándem. Para las muestras de lavados bronquiales, se amplifi có esa región mediante PCR, así como también otros VNTRs (variable number tandem repeats), localizados en otros genes. Las metodologías empleadas, que permiten el análisis a partir de muestras clínicas sin el aislamiento previo del patógeno, determinaron que existe diversidad genética entre las cepas de M. hyopneumoniae que se encuentran en nuestro país. Se detectaron diferentes genotipos de este patógeno tanto entre granjas como entre animales de un mismo establecimiento, así como genotipos compartidos entre diferentes granjas o animales.","palabras_clave":"MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE|VNTR|GEN P146|TIPIFICACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113505,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mesoporous silicates with spherical morphology modified with Vanadium highly active in oxidation of cyclohexene with H2O2","resumen":"Vanadium-containing mesoporous molecular sieves have been prepared by hydrothermal treatment at 373 K. These materials showed spherical morphology with a narrow particle size distribution between 2 and 4 nm. The techniques used for their physicochemical characterization were: XRD, AAS, N2 physisorption, SEM, TEM and DRUVVis spectroscopy. All the materials presented high specific surface area (900 m2\/g), characteristic of MCM-41 materials. A well-defined mesoporous structure was observed by TEM measures although there was no onedimensional ordering of pores characteristic of such materials. Additionally, secondary mesoporosity domains were determined in the BJH size distribution. The sample synthesized with the highest content of V presented marked differences in their structural characteristics, which were attributed to the blockage of channels by the presence of nano-clusters and\/or VxOy nano-oxides. From the DRUVVis analysis, a successful incorporation of V ions to silica structure in tetrahedral coordination with oxygen of the network could be inferred. The catalytic activity of these materials was evaluated in the test reaction of cyclohexene oxidation using H2O2 as oxidizing agent, showing a high conversion of about 93% respect to the maximum, resulting dominant the radicalary mechanism over the direct oxidation mechanism. Apparently, the isolated V ions incorporated into the silica structure would be responsible for the high catalytic activity of these materials.","palabras_clave":"Mesoporous silicates|Vanadium|Cyclohexene|Oxidation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113506,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fractal Model for the Stock Market Indices","resumen":"We propose a numerical model for the scaling function &#951;(q) that characterized the multifractal behavior of a system. The model is based on Multinomial Multiplicative Cascade (or generalized Cantor set) with free parameters. We propose a model of live parameters and find &#951;(q) for the daily return price series of each country studied. In this work, we analyzed the series of 22 emerging and 22 developed countries. All data were collected from the Bloomberg database end we employ data beginning in March 5, 2005 and ending in March 5, 2009, including the period of  the mortgage crisis of 2008. This model allows in-depth study of multifractal characteristics of these systems, which is useful for characterizing the efficiency of stock markets.","palabras_clave":"Multifractal degree.|Hölder regularity|Stock m arket inefficiency."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113507,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Water relationships of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seeds related to final seed dry weight and physiological maturity","resumen":"Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seeds develop inside capsules from sequential racemes. The indeterminate growth habit causes seeds to have different developmental stages among different orders of racemes. Determining the moment of physiological maturity (PM) for the whole plant and at the crop level presents a challenge. Also, it is unclear if a relationship exists between the &#64257;nal seed size of differ-ent orders of racemes and the seed-&#64257;lling rate, seed-&#64257;lling duration, or maximum seed water content MWCmg , absolute amount of water per seed). The aim of the present work was to study the dynamics  of seed dry weight (SDW) and seed water content (absolute WCmg ) with the objectives of (i) associating  &#64257;nal SDW to its seed-&#64257;lling rate, seed-&#64257;lling duration and maximum WC mg ; (ii) identifying the timing of  PM on the basis of seed water concentration (WC % ); and (iii) predicting PM at the crop level using sim-ulation models based on plant WC % and SDW relationships. Two genotypes (FAUBA 1 and AL GUARANI  2002), contrasting in seed size and branching degree, were studied under &#64257;eld conditions in Buenos Aires  in 2006\u20132007. The evolution of SDW and WCmg was followed in racemes of &#64257;rst (R1), second (R2) and third (R3) order, from the beginning of &#64258;owering to harvest maturity. Bi-linear functions were &#64257;tted to  SDW\/WC % relationships, and the model was validated. Across both genotypes and all orders of racemes, &#64257;nal SDW (FSDW) was associated with seed-&#64257;lling duration (expressed in both days and thermal time) to  a greater extent than with seed-&#64257;lling rate. Also, a clear positive association between FSDW and MWC mg was observed for a broad range of seed sizes (250\u2013600 mg seed&#8722;1 ). Physiological maturity was attained  when seeds exhibited a WC % of 21.8 ± 2.4% (n = 232; R2 = 0.94; P < 0.001). The model was successfully val-idated with independent data ( R2= 0.96). Simulations were performed to explore the effects of variations  in the timing of &#64258;owering between racemes at the plant and crop level on fruit WC % at maximum yield.At the crop level, 22% WC % corresponded to 90\u201392% of the maximum attainable seed yields when harvest was delayed until the last growing seeds reached PM. We conclude that a relationship exists between FSDW and MWC mg , and ca. 22% of seed WC % is a good predictor of PM in castor bean at seed and crop level.","palabras_clave":"Physiological maturity;|Grain moisture|Grain growth|Seed size"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113508,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fatty acid profiles of varietal virgin olive oils (Olea europaea L.) from mature orchards in warm arid valleys of Northwest Argentina (La Rioja).","resumen":"The olive industry in Northwestern Argentina has experienced substantial growth during the past two decades to produce virgin olive oil for export. To assess the fatty acid profiles of the main varietal olive oils, 563 oil samples from 17 varieties cultivated in the province of La Rioja were analyzed from 2005-2008. Olive varieties were ranked according to oleic acid content as low (65%; Manzanilla, Empeltre, Leccino, Coratina, Changlot, Picual). Using data from this study and the literature, the fatty acid composition of Spanish (Arbequina, Picual) and Italian (Coratina, Frantoio) varieties indicated consistently lower oleic acid contents when grown in NW Argentina versus the Mediterranean. For Arbequina, the oleic content decreased with increasing temperature during oil accumulation (-2% per ºC). The classification of varieties should be useful in the selection of virgin olive oils for corrective blending and for choosing varieties for new orchards in order to meet IOOC requirements. The differences in fatty acid composition between NW Argentina and the Mediterranean Basin are most likely to be related to a genotype x environment interaction, and the negative effect of the high seasonal mean temperature during oil accumulation will need further research.","palabras_clave":"OIL QUALITY|OLEIC ACID|TEMPERATURE|VIRGIN OLIVE OIL|WARM ARID ENVIRONMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113509,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Geomorfología de las nacientes del río Sauce Grande, Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"El área de estudio se localiza en las nacientes dela cuenca del río Sauce Grande, conformada para las cuencas Destierro Primero, de los Remansos y del Manantial. Con una superficie de 28 km2 en conjunto, nacen entre los 1000 y 1173 m de altitud a los 400 m aproximadamente se unen a los dos curos de agua principales formando el río Sauce Grande. Las subcuencas discurren sobre los faldeos sur-orientales del cordón de SIerra de la Ventana, al suroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Alli se desarrollan principalmente activiades agrícola-ganaderas que coexisten con áreas recreativas-proteccionaistas. El análisis geomorfológico ayuda al diseño de propuestas para la planficación del espacio. Se analizaron las características geomorfológicas y se establecieron relaciones espaciales sobre el terreno. Se determinaron factores dominantes en su origen y se estudiaron los procesos que determinan su dinámica y evolución. Los mapas geomorfológicos son herramientas que complementan el análisis y facilitan la visualización de los procesos y formas de la superficie. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar geomorfológicamente las nacientes del río Sauce Grande. Se utilizó la metodología propuesta por Peña Monné (1997). Se cartografíó principalmente información morfográfica, morfométrica, morfoestructural, morfodinámica y morfocronológica. Este análisis permitió establecer elementos geomorfológicos únicos en el área, que se pueden valorar como un recurso científico-turístico y patrimonial.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"GEOMORFOLOGIA|MAPA GEOMORFOLOGICO|RIO SAUCE GRANDE|SISTEMA DE VENTANIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113510,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Redefinition of the vittata species group of Epicauta Dejean (1834) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and taxonomic revision of the species from southern South America","resumen":"The Epicauta vittata group are commonly known as striped blister beetles and was defined by previous authors to include 32 species, 18 from North America, Central America and northern South America, and 14 from southern South America. In the present revision we revised 22 species from South America, excluding the following southern South American species: E. borgmeieri Denier, 1935; E. floydwerneri Martínez, 1955; E. franciscana Denier, 1935; E. fulginosa (Oliver, 1795); E. purpureiceps (Berg, 1889); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; and E. zebra (Dohrn, 1876) because they do not have the diagnostic characters of the group. The species of the E. vittata group from southern South America are: E. bosqi Denier, 1935; E. clericalis (Berg, 1881); E. grammica (Fischer, 1827); E. leopardina (Haag-Rutemberg, 1880); E. luteolineata Pic, 1933; E. missionum (Berg, 1881); E. monachica (Berg, 1883); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; plus two more species E. excavata (Klug, 1825); and E. semivittata (Fairmaire, 1875) until now not included in other groups. We provide a complete diagnosis of the E. vittata group from southern South America, redescribing and illustrating all included species. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of female and male genitalia are presented for the first time for these species. Finally, we provide an identification key for the ten species presently included in the E. vittata group, and update the geographic distribution of each species.","palabras_clave":"EPICAUTA|VITTATA GROUP|BIODIVERSITY|BISTER BEETLES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113511,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Pérdidas económicas directas por un brote de anaplasmosis bovina en un rodeo de cría del noroeste argentino","resumen":"The direct economic losses caused by an outbreak of anaplasmosis were evaluated in a cattlebeef herd from Santa Clara, Jujuy province, northwest Argentina. The outbreak occurred duringJune-July 2008 and involved only mated females. Morbility and mortality index were of 16.7%and 6.0%, respectively (150 sick and 54 died cows). Economic losses amounted to u$s 24,000(prices in July 2008), 88.2% were the result of physical losses and 11.8% to costs of control. Theanalysis of prevention measures was carried out assuming that 95% of the losses were avoidedafter a single vaccination of female calves of each cohort (total cost of the applied vaccines ofu$s 2,870). The benefit-cost ratio was 7.9 for each US dollar invested.","palabras_clave":"Anaplasmosis bovina|Pérdidas económicas|Noroeste Argentino"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113513,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unexpected size distribution of Ba(H2O)n clusters: why is the intensity of the Ba(H2O)1 cluster anomalous low?","resumen":"An experimental and theoretical study on the reactivity of neutral Ba atoms with water clusters has been conducted to unravel the origin of the irregular intensity pattern observed in one-photon ionization mass spectra of a Ba(H2O)n \/ BaOH(H2O)n&#61485;1 (n = 1-4) cluster distribution, which was generated in a laser vaporization-supersonic expansion source. The most remarkable irregular feature is the finding for n = 1 of a lower intensity for the Ba+(H2O)n peak with respect to that of BaOH+(H2O)n&#61485;1, which is opposite to the trend for n = 2-4. Rationalization of the data required consideration of a distinct behavior of ground-state and electronically excited state Ba atoms in inelastic and reactive Ba + (H2O)n encounters that can occur in the cluster source. Within this picture, the generation of Ba(H2O)n (n &#61502; 1) association products results from stabilizing collisions with atoms of the carrier gas, which are favored by intramolecular vibrational redistribution that operates on the corresponding collision intermediates prior to stabilization; the latter is unlikely to occur for Ba + (H2O) encounters. Overall, this interpretation is consistent with additional in-source laser excitation and quenching experiments, which were aimed to explore qualitatively the effect of perturbing the Ba atom electronic state population distribution on the observed intensity pattern, as well as with the energetics of various possible reactions for the Ba + H2O system that derive from high level ab initio calculations.","palabras_clave":"CLUSTER|DISTRIBUCION|BA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113514,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interdiffusion Phenomena of Zirconia-Nitride Layers on Coated AISI 310 Steell","resumen":"&nbsp;Duplex coatings on stainless steel American Iron and Steel Institute &#849;AISI&#850; 310 were preparedby a double process consisting of a plasma nitriding treatment and a multilayer ZrO2-3 mol % Y2O3 coatinggrown by chemical solution deposition. In this paper we investigate the interdiffusion phenomena betweenthe elements and the deposited phases. The zirconia coating process over the nitrided steel initiated strongdiffusion events. Hydrogen diffuses easily throughout the coating and acts as a reducing agent. The layerof zirconia works as a sieve, retaining nitrogen and allowing the passage of hydrogen. The contribution ofthis study show the interdiffusion at the interfaces of elements in samples subjected to treatments known asduplex coatings.","palabras_clave":"Coatings|Plasma nitriding"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113515,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of the excitation mechanisms of the second positive system in the negative glow of a N2 - Ar discharge","resumen":"In an Ar-N2 discharge, the high excitation transfer from Ar(3P2,0) to N2 produces an overpopulation of the high rotational levels of the bands of the second positive system (SPS), and so the spectra interpretation is not straightforward.This paper presents a fit function for the SPS bands measured in Ar-N2, which allows us to study the excitation process contributions to the N2(C) level.The procedure was tested in the negative glow of a pulsed Ar-N2 discharge at a pressure of 2.5 Torr, for different mixture concentrations. In this discharge, through the fitting, it was possible to calculate the variation of the N2(C) densities produced by different excitation processes as well as the variation of Ar metastable density.","palabras_clave":"OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY|PLASMA CHARACTERIZATION|PLASMA KINECTIC|NEGATIVE GLOW"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113516,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CW Laser Transilluminance In Turbid Media With Cylindrical Inclusions","resumen":"The present work analyzes the process of detection of small diffusive   inclusions in turbid hosts. Experiments were carried out using a   transillumination geometry and continuous wave laser radiation,   considering cylindrical inclusions in different environments. A   comparison between experimental data, theoretical approaches for the   radiative transfer equation in the diffusion approximation, and   numerical Monte Carlo simulations, is presented.","palabras_clave":"Turbid media|Diffusion approximation| Inclusions|Continuous wave"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113517,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of inhomogeneities in turbid media. Experimental and numerical results.","resumen":"NIR diffuse transmission of light through tissue is a tool for noninvasive imaging for diagnostic purposes. Most of the focus has been over breast cancer imaging; however, major efforts have been done in cerebral tomography and topography imaging, as well as small animal organs imaging systems. In this work, we investigate the transmitted light profiles when scattering and absorbing cylindrical inhomogeneities are submerged at different depths inside slabs of turbid media. We analyze the transilluminance profiles when the phantom is scanned using both, laser CW and pulsed laser. The study of the spatial profiles obtained with CW light, shows an apparently contradictory effect when the absorption of the inclusion is higher than that of the bulk. In this case, the intensity profiles displays a peak of higher intensity where the inclusion is located, as it would be expected for a less absorbing inclusion. We present an analysis of the distributions of times of flight of the photons (DTOF) for several inclusion positions from time resolved measurements. This approach considers the calculations of their statistical moments. The experiments were compared and analyzed with a theoretical model for cylindrical inclusions and Monte Carlo simulations implemented in a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU).","palabras_clave":"TURBID MEDIA|INCLUSIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113518,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS LEVELS IN MACROBRACHIUM BORELLII (CRUSTACEA: PALAEMONIDAE) EXPOSED TO THE WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION OF PETROLEUM","resumen":"The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the water soluble fraction of hydrocarbons (WSF) on the antioxidant status of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium borellii. First, seasonal variations were studied in a non-polluted area. Hepatopancreas and gills showed season-related fluctuations in catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and in lipid peroxidation levels (LPO), but not in superoxide dismutase (SOD). Then, adults were exposed semi-statically to sublethal doses for 7 days. CAT, SOD, GST, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and LPO, reduced glutathione (GSH) and protein oxidation (PO) levels were determined. Exposed individuals showed significant increases in CAT, SOD, and GST activities in hepatopancreas and CAT activity in gills. GPx activity did not vary in either tissues. While LPO levels increased, GSH levels decreased significantly in hepatopancreas of exposed animals, but PO levels showed no variation. Induction of SOD was also assessed by Real-time PCR mRNA expression in hepatopancreas. The nonenzymatic antioxidant activity was also tested; ABTS 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl-  benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) was higher in hemolymph of treated-prawns compared to controls, but ferric reducing activity of plasma assay (FRAP) values did not change. Taken together, the present results indicated that the antioxidant defenses of M. borellii, mainly in hepatopancreas, were significantly affected by aquatic hydrocarbon contamination, regardless of the season.","palabras_clave":"Crustacean|Toxicity|Hydrocarbon pollution|Oxidative stress"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113519,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Whole field reflectance optical tomography","resumen":"Optical imaging through highly scattering media such as biological tissues is a topic of intense research, especially for biomedical applications. Diverse optical systems are currently under study and development for displaying the functional imaging of the brain and for the detection of breast tumors. From the theoretical point of view, a suitable description of light propagation in tissues involves the Radiative Transfer Equation, which considers the energetic aspects of light propagation. However, this equation cannot be solved analytically in a closed form and the Diffusion Approximation is normally used. Experimentally it is possible to use Transmission or Reflection geometries and Time Resolved, Frequency Modulated or CW sources. Each configuration has specific advantages and drawbacks, depending on the desired application. In the present contribution, we investigate the reflected light images registered by a CCD camera when scattering and absorbing inhomogeneities are located at different depths inside turbid media. This configuration is of particular interest for the detection and optical characterization of changes in blood flow in organs, as well as for the detection and characterization of inclusions in those cases for which the transmission slab geometry is not well suited. Images are properly normalized to the background intensity and allow analyzing relative large areas (typically 5 x 5 cm2) of the tissue. We tested the proposal using Numerical Monte Carlo simulations implemented in a Graphic Processing Unit (Video accelerating Card). Calculations are thus several orders of magnitude faster than those run in CPU. Experimental results in phantoms are also given.","palabras_clave":"TURBID MEDIA|TOMOGRAPHY|NIR|REFLECTANCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113520,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental and theoretical Compton profiles of Be, C and Al","resumen":"The results of Compton profile measurements, Fermi momentum determinations, and theoretical valuesobtained from a linear combination of Slater-type orbital (STO) for core electrons in beryllium; carbon andaluminium are presented. In addition, a Thomas\u2013Fermi model is used to estimate the contribution ofvalence electrons to the Compton profile. Measurements were performed using monoenergetic photonsof 59.54 keV provided by a low-intensity Am-241 g -ray source. Scattered photons were detected at 90 1from the beam direction using a p-type coaxial high-purity germanium detector (HPGe). The experi-mental results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations.","palabras_clave":"COMPTON PROFILE|COMPTON SCATTERING|FERMI MOMENTUM|HARTREE-FOCK-SLATER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113521,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Eficacia de Monepantel contra Nematodes de Ovinos con Resistencia Antihelmíntica Múltiple en la Región Templada de Argentina.","resumen":"Se desarrolló una prueba controlada de eficacia antihelmíntica con Monepantel* en ovinos infectados naturalmente con nematodes trichostrongylideos resistentes a ivermectina, derivados benzimidazólicos y moxidectin de la región templada-fría de la Pampa Húmeda en Argentina.Un lote de 14 corderos de la raza Corriedale fue dividido en dos grupos comparables de 7 animales cada uno. El Grupo 1 fue tratado oralmente con Monepantel a la dosis de 1 ml\/ 10 k.p.v., equivalente a 2.5 mg\/ k.p.v. El Grupo 2 actuó como control no tratado. Los grupos permanecieron en corrales separados y alimentados con heno seco de alfalfa libre de larvas infectivas hasta la necropsia. A los 9 días post-tratamiento los animales fueron necropsiados para contar e identificar las poblaciones de nematodes establecidas en el tracto digestivo ydeterminar la eficacia del compuesto evaluado por comparación entre los dos grupos del estudio.La reducción del conteo de huevos en heces (HPG) fue de 100% a los 4 días post-tratamiento y se mantuvo hasta la necropsia de los animales (P &lt; 0.05). La eficacia fue de 100% contra Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus vitrinus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Cooperia curticei y Cooperia mcmasteri (P&lt; 0.05) y &gt; 99% contra Trichostrongylus axei y Nematodirus spathiger (P&lt; 0.05). La eficacia sobre Trichuris ovis fue de 75.5%. Monepantel resultó altamente eficaz contra infecciones por nematodes gastrointestinales con resistencia antihelmíntica múltiple en ovinos. Por tratarse de un nuevo principio activo, su uso estará especialmente indicado en aquellos establecimientos con demostrada resistencia a los antihelmínticos disponibles en el mercado veterinario.* ZOLVIX ® Novartis Animal Health","palabras_clave":"NEMATODES|OVINOS|RESISTENCIA|MONEPANTEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113522,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative Efficacy of Trichlorphon and Trichlorphon\/Ivermectin Combination Treatment against Anthelmintic-Resistant Cattle Nematodes in Argentina.","resumen":"Twenty-four Holando Argentino male calves weretreated orally with 50 mg\/kg body weight tri chlorphon(TCF); 0.2 mg\/kg body weight subcutaneousivermectin (IVM); a combination of TCF+IVMat the same doses and administration routes; orremained untreated (control group). All calves werenecro psied at day 14 post treatment for counting andidentification of worms from abomasum, small andlarge intestines and lungs to determine the absoluteefficacy (controlled efficacy test) for each treatment.Using the faecal egg count reduction test, theefficacy was 63.7 % for TCF, 72.3 % for IVM and99.2 % for TCF+IVM. The absolute efficacy of IVMand IVM+TCF was 100 % against Haemonchusplacei, Trichostrongylus axei and Ostertagia ostertagi(p &lt; 0.05). TCF showed a similar level of efficacyexcept against O. ostertagi (84.7 %). Efficacy of thetreatments against Cooperia oncophora\/pectinata\/mcmasteri was 80.4 % for IVM, 95.7 % for TCF and99.6 % for TCF+IVM; against Trichostrongyluscolubriformis was 79 % for IVM, 86.2 % for TCFand 94.1 % for TCF+IVM; against Nematodirushelvetianus was 0 % for IVM, 100 % for TCF and93.8 % for TCF+IVM. The efficacies of TCF, IVMand TCF+IVM were 100 % against Oesophagostomumradiatum and Trichuris spp. The efficacyof TCF against Dictyocaulus vivi parus was 52 %and 100 % for IVM and IVM+TCF, respectively.This is the first report of Trichostrongylus colubriformisand Nematodirus helvetianus resistant toivermectin treatment in cattle of Argentina. TheTCF+IVM combination could be an alternativefor the control and treatment of nematode infectionsincluding IVM-resistant strains.","palabras_clave":"NEMATODES|EFFICACY|TROCLORPHON|IVERMECTIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113523,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efficacy of Trichlorphon and Naphthalophos against Multiple Anthelmintic-Resistant Nematodes of Naturally Infected Sheep in Argentina","resumen":"An anthelmintic efficacy trial was conducted in  sheep harbouring anthelmintic-resistant worms  in Argentina. Seventy lambs were selected from a  flock that had been grazed on pastures infected with  trichostrongyles previously shown to be resistant  to the main anthelmintic groups. Lambs were allocated  to comparable groups of ten animals each and  treated with trichlorphon (50 mg\/kg body weight  (b.w.) orally); naphthalophos (50 mg\/kg b.w. orally);  ivermectin (0.2 mg\/kg b.w. subcutaneously); fenbendazole  (5 mg\/kg b.w. orally); levamisole (8 mg\/  kg b.w. subcutaneously) and closantel (10 mg\/kg  b.w. orally). There was also an untreated group.  The dose selection was based on manufacturer\u2019s  recommendations.  Faecal samples were collected 0 and 10 days post  treatment to estimate efficacy (faecal egg count  reduction). Six animals from each group were  necropsied at day 10 for enumeration\/identification  of worms from the abomasum, small and large  intestines to determine the absolute efficacy of  each agent (controlled efficacy test). Trichlorphon  and naphthalophos were effective (> 99 %) against  Haemonchus contortus (p  95 %) against all  nematodes except T. colubriformis. The efficacy of ivermectin was low against H. contortus (23 %) and  Cooperia spp. (46.3 %). Closantel showed low efficacy  against T. axei (64.4 %), H. contortus (80.6 %)  and T. colubriformis (59.5 %).  When anthelmintic resistance is widespread,  trichlorphon treatment is appropriate if H. contortus  is present; however, naphthalophos represents  an effective therapeutic alternative for incorporation  into worm control programmes.","palabras_clave":"TRICHLORFORM|NAPHTHALOPHOS|RESISTANT|NEMATODES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113524,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Early Cambrian archaeocyathan limestone blocks in low-grade meta-conglomerate from El Jagüelito Formation (Sierra Grande, Rio Negro, Argentina)","resumen":"Massive grey limestone blocks containing a fairly diverse but poorly preserved archaeocyath fauna were recovered from a meta-conglomerate bed in the El Jagüelito Formation (Sierra Grande area, Eastern North Patagonian Massif, Río Negro, Argentina). This is the first documented reference of the presence of archaeocyaths in continental Argentina. Seven different taxa were identified, preliminary described and figured. Recrystallization of the skeletons due to regional low grade metamorphism and deformation of the unit does not allow observation of key detailed features and prevents identification to genera and species. Nevertheless, the specimens studied show general affinities with archaeocyathan assemblages from the Australia-Antarctica palaeobiogeographic province and indicate a middle Early Cambrian (Atdabanian-Botomian) maximum age for the deposition of the El Jagüelito Formation protoliths. The similarities between the North Patagonian Early Paleozoic El Jagüelito Formation and those rocks from Antarctica suggest a geologic and biologic common history of these regions on the same southwest margin of Gondwana during that time.","palabras_clave":"Archaeocyatha|Early Cambrian|El Jagüelito Formation|Low grade metamorphism|North Patagonian Massif|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113525,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New Early Jurassic decapod crustacean from Patagonia (Chubut province), Argentina","resumen":"A well preserved decapod specimen was found in early Toarcian deposits cropping out on the western slope of Meseta Catreleo, central Chubut province, Argentina. It is a nearly complete exoskeleton preserved in lateral view, slightly crushed, in fine-grained sandstones. The skeleton is mostly articulated, though some pieces are disarticulated or missing. Taphonomic features indicate a relatively rapid burial after death, with little or no transport. This specimen is here described as a new species of the genus Mecochirus Germar (Decapoda: Glypheoidea). Mecochirus robbianoi n. sp. is characterized by a very long, achelate, first pair of pereiopods with a narrow long, straight dactylus, a thin carapace ornamented by low tubercules, with a slightly oblique cervical groove and a short acute rostrum. The family Mecochiridae arose in the Triassic, but the group diversified during the Early Jurassic. Mecochirus had a wide geographical distribution and is known from Lower Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous deposits. The new record from Chubut is one of the oldest for the genus, the oldest for South America, and the first for Argentina, thus considerably extending the known distribution of the genus during the Early Jurassic. ","palabras_clave":"Decapoda|Glypheoidea|Mecochirus|Early Jurassic|Patagonia|Chubut|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113526,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of dehydroleucodine on the reproductive tract of male mice","resumen":"SummaryThe effects of a sesquiterpene lactone, dehydroleucodine, on the reproductivetract were investigated using adult male mice. Dehydroleucodine was dissolvedin tap water and administered as drinking water for 30 days. All the parameterswere compared with a control group that received only vehicle. Animals werekilled by decapitation and the trunk blood, the testes and the epididymis werecollected. Plasma concentrations of testosterone and oestradiol, and testicularweight and concentration of spermatids did not change by dehydroleucodine.Nevertheless, in epididymal cauda dehydroleucodine treatment caused a diminu-tion in sperm number, a decrease in the amount of tubular fluid and a reductionin the activity of the hydrolytic enzyme N-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase. However, the sperm motility was not altered by dehydroleucodine treatment, althoughsperm binding to zona-free oocytes increased significantly. These results suggestthat dehydroleucodine, which has been implicated in the inhibition of aromataseP450, does not affect the plasma concentration of testosterone and oestradiol ortesticular activity, whereas altering several epididymal parameters. The epididy-mis is thus a more sensitive target for dehydroleucodine action.the sperm motility was not altered by dehydroleucodine treatment, althoughsperm binding to zona-free oocytes increased significantly. These results suggestthat dehydroleucodine, which has been implicated in the inhibition of aromataseP450, does not affect the plasma concentration of testosterone and oestradiol ortesticular activity, whereas altering several epididymal parameters. The epididy-mis is thus a more sensitive target for dehydroleucodine action.the sperm motility was not altered by dehydroleucodine treatment, althoughsperm binding to zona-free oocytes increased significantly. These results suggestthat dehydroleucodine, which has been implicated in the inhibition of aromataseP450, does not affect the plasma concentration of testosterone and oestradiol ortesticular activity, whereas altering several epididymal parameters. The epididy-mis is thus a more sensitive target for dehydroleucodine action.the sperm motility was not altered by dehydroleucodine treatment, althoughsperm binding to zona-free oocytes increased significantly. These results suggestthat dehydroleucodine, which has been implicated in the inhibition of aromataseP450, does not affect the plasma concentration of testosterone and oestradiol ortesticular activity, whereas altering several epididymal parameters. The epididy-mis is thus a more sensitive target for dehydroleucodine action.N-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase. However, the sperm motility was not altered by dehydroleucodine treatment, althoughsperm binding to zona-free oocytes increased significantly. These results suggestthat dehydroleucodine, which has been implicated in the inhibition of aromataseP450, does not affect the plasma concentration of testosterone and oestradiol ortesticular activity, whereas altering several epididymal parameters. The epididy-mis is thus a more sensitive target for dehydroleucodine action.","palabras_clave":"Dehydroleucodine|Mice"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113527,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Effect of Dehydroleucodine in Adipocyte Differentiation","resumen":"Dehydroleucodine (DhL) is a sesquiterpene lactone of the guaianolide groupwith gastric cytoprotective activity. 2323 Recent studies have also demonstrated that DhL inhibits the proliferation of vascular smoothmuscle cells. In this 2424 study we examined the effect of DhL in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The addition of DhL signifi- 25fi- 25 cantly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes alongwith a significant decrease in the accumulation 26ficant decrease in the accumulation 26 of lipid content by a dramatic downregulation of the expression of adipogenic-specific transcriptional factors 27fic transcriptional factors 27 PPARã and C-EBPá. However, phosphorylation of AMPKá, Erk1\/2 and Akt1was not inhibited by DhL treatment. 28ã and C-EBPá. However, phosphorylation of AMPKá, Erk1\/2 and Akt1was not inhibited by DhL treatment. 28 Interestingly, we also found that 11,13-dihydrodehydroleucodine, a derivative of DhL with inactivated á- 29á- 29 methylene-ã-lactone function, also inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Taken together, these 30ã-lactone function, also inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Taken together, these 30 data suggest that DhL has an important inhibitory effect in cellular pathways regulating adipocyte differentiation 3131 by modulating the PPARã expression, which is known to play a pivotal role during adipogenesisã expression, which is known to play a pivotal role during adipogenesis","palabras_clave":"DEHYDROLEUCODINE|ADIPOCYTE|á-METHYLENE-ã-LACTONE FUNCTION|TRANCRIPTIOANAL FACTOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113528,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The reproductive cycle of the red octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus in fishing areas of Northern Patagonian coast","resumen":"The reproductive cycle of Enteroctopus megalocyathus was studied based on monthly diving surveys carried out between July 2004 and June 2007 over fishing areas at San José and Nuevo gulfs (Northern Patagonian coast, Argentine). Spermatophore production and storage and ovary-weight increase followed the trend in sea bottom temperatures, and reached maximum values at the beginning of summer.Mature males were found from mid winter onwards, while a low proportion of females showed spermatangia attached to the distal oviducts from mid spring to mid summer when they attained advanced maturity stages. A low frequency of spawning activity was observed during summer and winter months. There were no significant seasonal differences in the sex ratio. Total body weight (BW) and dorsal mantle length (ML) at 50% maturity were estimated at 1072 g and 135.4mmfor males and at 1613 g and 158.5mm for females. Potential fecundity ranged from 1429 to 6427 oocytes and the number of fully developed spermatophores storage ranged from 1 to 13. Both, potential fecundity and number of spermatophores were significantly correlated with BW and ML. Although mating and breeding can occur in fishing areas, our results suggest that they are most likely to take place in sites deeper than the fishing grounds. This pattern is discussed considering the temperature-regulated aspects of cephalopods reproduction and the local oceanographic processes occurring in the gulfs.","palabras_clave":"ATLANTIC OCEAN|CEPHALOPODS|ENTEROCTOPUS MEGALOCYATHUS|FISHERY|REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113529,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Caracterización y evolución metamórfica de las rocas ultramáficas de la Faja del Río de Las Tunas, Cordillera Frontal de Mendoza'","resumen":"The goal of this contribution is to present the petro-mineralogical and chemical study of metaperidotites and serpentinites from the río de Las Tunas belt in Frontal Cordillera, Mendoza province. The metaperidotites preserve relictic magmatic minerals Ol, Cpx, (brownish-red)Spls.l., scarce Opx with different modal proportions allowing to define the ultramafic protoliths: dunites,spinel-dunites, clinopyroxenitic-dunites, wehrlites, olivine-clinopyroxenites and clinopyroxenites. The crystallization sequenceSrp+Mgt(±Brc±Chl)&#8594;Tr±Tlc&#8594;±Ath&#61664;±(green)Spls.s.\/Ple±Opx evidence the metamorphic evolution of the ultramafic rocks. The initial serpentinization with pseudomorphic textures is followed by prograde metamorphism reaching the transition between the upper amphibolite facies and the granulite facies conditions. A second serpentinization process is evidenced by pseudomorphic textures after Amp and Chl and non-pseudomorphic and recrystallization textures, in agreement with the sequence a) FeChr&#61664;&#8594;CrMgt&#8594;&#61664;Mgt and b) Spls.s.\/Ple(green)&#61664;Mgt, which altogether indicate the low grade conditions during the retrogressive stage. During this stage reaction zones at metaperidotite-schist, -gneiss or -orthoamphibolite interfaces also were developed due to metasomatism between these lithologies. At the same time, local but pervasive carbonatization of the ultramafics near carbonatic levels of the Guarguaráz Complex took place. The emplacement of gondwanic igneous bodies in the study area occurred during the final stage of the metamorphic cycle. This magmatic event provides the physic-chemical conditions to allow elements mobilization, minerals concentration but also improves the development of the reaction zones. A new serpentinization event is restricted to shear zones where it concentrates the most extreme and pervasive hydrothermal alteration of the ultramafics with a later generation of talc crystallized as a consequence of the increase in the CO2 proportion in the fluid phase. This affected the stability of the serpentine minerals giving rise to its breakdown with formation of talc and carbonates.","palabras_clave":"metaperidotite,|serpentinite|talc|Frontal Cordillera"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113530,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inhibitory effects of anti-VEGF strategies in experimental dopamine resistant prolactinomas","resumen":"Prolactin secreting  adenomas are the most frequent type among pituitary tumors,   and pharmacological  therapy with dopamine agonists remains the mainstay   of treatment. But some are  resistant and a decrease in the number or  function of dopamine receptor type 2 (D2R) has been described in these cases. D2R knockout (Drd2-\/-)    mice have chronic hyperprolactinemia, pituitary hyperplasia, and   provide an  experimental model for dopamine agonist resistant   prolactinomas. We previously  described that disruption of D2Rs  increases VEGF expression. We therefore designed  two strategies of antiangiogenesis using prolactinomas generated in Drd2-\/-  female mice: direct intra adenoma VEGF-TRAP injection during three weeks (into  sc transplanted pituitaries from Drd2-\/-    mice), and systemic VEGF neutralization with the specific antibody Mab   G6-31.  Both strategies resulted in substantial decrease of prolactin   content and  lactotrope area, and a reduction in tumor size was observed   in in situ prolactinomas. There were  significant   decreases in vascularity, evaluated by CD31 vessel staining, and    proliferation (PCNA staining) in response to both anti-VEGF treatments.   These  data demonstrate that the antiangiogenic approach was effective   in inhibiting  the growth of in situ dopamine  resistant   prolactinomas as well as in the transplanted adenomas. No differences    in VEGF protein expression were observed after either anti-VEGF   treatment, and,  although serum VEGF was increased in G6-31 treated   mice, pituitary activation  of the VEGFR2 signaling pathway was reduced.   Our results indicate that even  though the role of angiogenesis in   pituitary adenomas is contentious, VEGF  might contribute to adequate   vascular supply and represent a supplementary  therapeutic target in   dopamine agonist resistant prolactinomas.","palabras_clave":"VEGF|prolactinoma|dopamine|angiogenesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113531,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of novel efficient SIN vectors with improved safety features for Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome stem cell based gene therapy","resumen":"Gene therapy has proven as a promising therapeutic approach to treat primary immunodeficiencies. Indeed, the clinical trial for the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) that is currently ongoing at the Hannover Medical School (Germany) has recently reported the correction of all affected cell lineages of the hematopoietic system in the first treated patients. However, an extensive study of the clonal inventory of those patients reveals that LMO2, CCND2 and MDS1\/EVI1 were targeted preferentially. Moreover, a first leukemia case was observed, thus reinforcing the need of developing safer vectors for gene transfer into HSC.  Here we present a novel self-inactivating (SIN) vector for the gene therapy of WAS that combines improved safety features. We used the elongation factor 1 alpha (EFS) promoter, which has been extensively evaluated in terms of safety profile, to drive a codon-optimized human WASP cDNA. To test vector performance in a clinically relevant setting, we transduced murine HSPC as well as human CD34+ cells and also tested vector performance in their differentiated myeloid progeny. Our results show that our novel vector is as effective as the clinically used LTR-driven vector. Therefore, the described SIN vectors appear to be good candidates for potential use in a safer new gene therapy protocol for WAS, with decreased risk of insertional mutagenesis.","palabras_clave":"retroviral vectors|codon optimization|WAS|gene therapy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113532,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of a fermented goats' milk containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus: in vivo study of health benefits","resumen":"BACKGROUND: Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505, a strain of goats\u2019 milk origin, is able to stimulate mucosal immunity and protect immunocompetentmice from intestinal and respiratory infections.RESULTS: In this work we developed and characterized a fermented goats\u2019 milk containing L. rhamnosus CRL1505, and we demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. protect immunocompetentmice from intestinal and respiratory infections.RESULTS: In this work we developed and characterized a fermented goats\u2019 milk containing L. rhamnosus CRL1505, and we demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505, a strain of goats\u2019 milk origin, is able to stimulate mucosal immunity and protect immunocompetentmice from intestinal and respiratory infections.RESULTS: In this work we developed and characterized a fermented goats\u2019 milk containing L. rhamnosus CRL1505, and we demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. L. rhamnosus CRL1505, and we demonstrated in a model of immunosuppression in mice that the final dairy product preserves the immunomodulatoryproperties of the strain. L. rhamnosus CRL1505 survived themanufacturing process of fermented milk andmaintained a viability of 106 cfu g&#8722;1 during storage. The fermented goats\u2019 milk was accepted by 90.48% of the panelists and was considered as having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. having an acid taste and pleasant aroma.We also demonstrated that the developed product, used as a supplement during therepletion of immunocompromisedmalnourishedmice, was effective in accelerating the recovery of clinical parameters alteredby malnutrition and to induce increased resistance against intestinal and respiratory infections.CONCLUSION: Goats\u2019 milk fermented with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 could be manufactured as an alternative probiotic dairy product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. product since this new food has the ability to stimulate the commonmucosal immune system and to improve defenses againstrespiratory and intestinal infections. of 106 cfu g&#8722;<font color='#231f20' size='1' face='Myr","palabras_clave":"LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS CRL1505|FERMENTED GOATS MILK|MALNUTRITION|IMMUNOSTIMULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113533,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lactic acid bacteria in the prevention of pneumococcal respiratory infection: future opportunities and challenges","resumen":"Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are technologically and commercially important and have various beneficial effects on human health. Several studies have demonstrated that certain LAB strains can exert their beneficial effect on the host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.human health. Several studies have demonstrated that certain LAB strains can exert their beneficial effect on the host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.ficial effects on human health. Several studies have demonstrated that certain LAB strains can exert their beneficial effect on the host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.ficial effect on the host through their immunomudulatory activity. Although most research concerning LAB-mediated enhancedimmune protection is focused on gastrointestinal tract pathogens, recent studies have centered onwhether theseimmunobioticsmight sufficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.ficiently stimulate the commonmucosal immune system to provide protection to other mucosal sites aswell. In this sense, LAB have been used for the development of probiotic foodswith the ability tostimulate respiratory immunity, which would increase resistance to infections, even in immunocompromisedhosts. On the other hand, the advances in the molecular biology of LAB have enabled the development ofrecombinant strains expressing antigens from respiratory pathogens that have proved effective to induceprotective immunity. In this reviewwe examine the current scientific literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.fic literature concerning the use of LAB strains to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, we have focused on the works that deal with the capacity ofprobiotic and recombinant LAB to improve the immune response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.Streptococcus pneumoniae. Research from the last decade demonstrates that LAB represent a promising resource for the development of preventionstrategies against respiratory infections that could be effective tools for medical application.","palabras_clave":"Lactic acid bacteria|Streptococcus pneumoniae|Respiratory infection|Vaccine|Adjuvant|Immunocompromised hosts"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113534,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria beneficially regulate immune response triggered by poly(I:C) in porcine intestinal epithelial cells","resumen":"This study analyzed the functional expression of TLR3 in various gastrointestinaltissues from adult swine and shows that TLR3 is expressed preferentially in intestinalepithelial cells (IEC), CD172a+CD11R1high and CD4+ cells from ileal Peyer?s patches. We characterized the inflammatory immune response triggered by TLR3 activation in a clonal porcine intestinal epitheliocyte cell line (PIE cells) and in PIE-immune cell co-cultures, and demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiporcine intestinal epitheliocyte cell line (PIE cells) and in PIE-immune cell co-cultures, and demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiporcine intestinal epitheliocyte cell line (PIE cells) and in PIE-immune cell co-cultures, and demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiporcine intestinal epitheliocyte cell line (PIE cells) and in PIE-immune cell co-cultures, and demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiporcine intestinal epitheliocyte cell line (PIE cells) and in PIE-immune cell co-cultures, and demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiporcine intestinal epitheliocyte cell line (PIE cells) and in PIE-immune cell co-cultures, and demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and the interaction between IEC and immune cells. Inaddition, we selected an immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactobacillus caseiand demonstrated that these systems are valuable tools to study in vitro the immuneresponse triggered by TLR3 on IEC and","palabras_clave":"porcine intestinal epithelial cells|inflammatory response|immunobiotics|poly(I:C)"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113535,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Organización del trabajo e innovación: un estudio comparativo entre tramas productivas argentinas","resumen":"El objetivo principal del presente artículo es analizar las características que adopta la organización del trabajo en un conjunto de empresas pertenecientes a diferentes tramas productivas argentinas y su vinculación con los procesos de innovación. Este estudio se basa en datos de una encuesta realizada a empresas de las tramas automotriz, textil,  maquinaria agrícola y siderúrgica de Argentina. Para el análisis se  utilizaron dos técnicas estadísticas: Análisis de Cluster y modelos Logit. En un contexto de fuerte predominio de formas de organización del trabajo de escasa complejidad, se concluye que las dinámicas innovativas más virtuosas prevalecen entre las empresas que se caracterizan por esquemas formativos.","palabras_clave":"INNOVACION|ORGANIZACION DEL TRABAJO|TRAMAS PRODUCTIVAS|CIRCULACION DE CONOCIMIENTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113536,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Participación sindical de los trabajadores en Argentina: principales determinantes y tendencias","resumen":"El objetivo del artículo consiste en profundizar el estudio de aspectos que dan cuenta de la participación sindical de los trabajadores en Argentina. Para ello, se consideran indicadores que van más allá de la tasa de afiliación y se establece la influencia que ejercen las características del trabajador, de la empresa y sociolaborales sobre la misma. Distintos niveles de participación se determinaron a partir de un análisis cluster. La evaluación de la importancia de distintos factores relacionados con características de los trabajadores, de la empresa y sociolaborales en la definición de estos grupos, se realizó a través de un modelo de regresión logística multinomial. Se concluye que las características del trabajador y los rasgos sociolaborales, como la presencia sindical y la antigüedad, son centrales para explicar los niveles de participación.","palabras_clave":"RELACIONES LABORALES|PARTICIPACIÓN SINDICAL|AFILIACIÓN|DETERMINANTES DE LA PARTICIPACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113537,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diels-Alder reactions of N-tosylpirroles developed in protic  ionic liquids. Theoretical studies using DFT methods","resumen":"N-Tosyl-2-nitropirrole and N-tosyl-3-nitropirrole react with poorly and activated dienes using proticionic liquids as reaction media. They exhibit a dienophile character producing the corresponding indolesthrough a Diels\u2013Alder process. In all cases the presence of protic ionic liquids as reaction media improvesthe yields with respect to use of molecular solvent, while the temperature and the reaction time decrease.Part of this work is specifically concerned with theoretical studies using DFT methods. The global andlocal electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indices were calculated for the dienophiles and dienes used inthis study in order to evaluate reactivity and regioselectivity.","palabras_clave":"DIELS-ALDER|NITROPYRROLES|INDOLE|IONIC LIQUIDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113538,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diels Alder reactions of nitrobenzofurans: a simple dibenzofuran Synthesis. Theoretical studies using DFT methods","resumen":"2- and 3-nitrobenzofurans are studied in polar thermal Diels\u2013Alder reactions with normal electron demand using several structurally different dienes. A very strong electron-acceptor group, such as the  nitro group, pushes the dienophilic character of these heterocyclic compounds. Since this substituent is easily extruded under thermal conditions, this reaction sequence becomes a simple method for the  preparation of families of organic compounds with heteroatom rings. Part of this work is specifically concerned with theoretical studies using DFT methods. The global and local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity  indices were calculated for the dienophiles and dienes used in this study. When 2-nitrobenzofuran and 3-nitrobenzofuran were reacted with isoprene, 1-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene and Danishesfky\u2019s  diene, under different thermal reaction conditions they showed their dienophilic character taking part in normal-demand polar DA cycloaddition reactions.","palabras_clave":"DIBENZOFURANS|NITROFURANS|DIENOPHILE|CYCLOADDITION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113539,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Five- membered aromatic heterocycles in polar cycloaddition reactions: theoretical studies as a complement of the experimental researches","resumen":"The dienophilic behavior of electron-deficient substituted five-membered aromatic heterocyclices in polar cycloaddition reactions is studied from a theoretical point of view employing the global electrophilicity index to estimate the electrophilic character of the dienophiles and to compare them with the available experimental information. The type of substitution on the heteroatomic ring is also discussed. Complementary some new reactions of these substrates are described.","palabras_clave":"FIVE-MEMBERED|AROMATIC HETEROCYCLES|DIENOPHILES|POLAR DIELS-ALDER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113540,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comprehensive DFT Study on Site-, Regio-, and Stereoselectivity of Diels?Alder Reactions Leading to 5-Hydroxybenzofurans","resumen":"&lt;!-- \/* Style Definitions *\/ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal\t{mso-style-parent:'';\tmargin:0cm;\tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\tfont-size:12.0pt;\tfont-family:'Times New Roman';\tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}@page Section1\t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;\tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;\tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;\tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;\tmso-paper-source:0;}div.Section1\t{page:Section1;}--&gt;Diels\u2013Alder reactions between thesubstituted furans 1a\u20131c and Danishefsky\u2019s diene (2),yielding 5-hydroxybenzofurans, were studied by density functional theory[B3LYP\/6-31G(d) level] in benzene as solvent (SP\/CPCM). The mechanisticdetails of these reactions, especially with respect to regio-, site-, andstereochemistry were analyzed in detail. Moreover, the extrusion of nitrousacid from the Diels\u2013Alder cycloadducts and the formation of the aromaticproducts were also explained in order to give a total description of thecomplete domino processes.","palabras_clave":"CYCLOADDITION|OXYGEN HETEROCYCLES|REACTION MECHANISMS|DENSITY FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS|DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113541,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La conservación de la Biodiversidad. Un campo de integración para la geografía","resumen":"no disponible","palabras_clave":"conservación|biodiversidad|integración|geografía"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113542,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Anti-b2glycoprotein I antibodies from leprosy patients do not show thrombogenic effects in an in vivo animal model","resumen":"Letter to the Editor","palabras_clave":"LEPRA|AUTOANTIBODIES|ANIMAL|THROMBOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113543,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kinetic study of the OH-initiated photo-oxidation of four unsaturated (allyl and vinyl) ethers under simulated atmospheric conditions","resumen":"  \t&amp;amp;lt;!--  \t\t@page { margin: 2cm }  \t\tP { margin-bottom: 0.21cm }  \t--&amp;amp;gUsing the relative rate  technique, rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of hydroxyl  radicals with n-propyl  vinyl ether (k1),  2-chloroethyl vinyl ether (k2),  allyl ether (k3)  and allyl ethyl ether (k4)have been measured.  Experiments were carried out at (298 +\/-  2) K and atmospheric pressure using N2  and ultra pure air as bath gas. Using isoprene,  1-methyl-1-cyclohexene,  2-methyl-2-butene, 3-buten-1-ol and 2-methyl-2-propen-1-ol    as reference compounds, the following rate constants were derived: k1  = (11.0 +\/-  0.4)  x 10-11 ,   k2  = (9 +\/-  1)  x 10-11,   k3  = (6.8 +\/-  0.7)  x 10-11   and   k4  = (4.2 +\/-  0.7)  x 10-11,   in units of cm3 molecule-1s-1.  This is the first experimental determination of k2- k4  .  The rate constants obtained are compared with the previous literature  data for corresponding alkenes reactions with OH and the observed  reactivity trends are discussed. The atmospheric implications of the  results are considered.    ","palabras_clave":"Hydroxyl radicals|vinyl ethers|allyl ethers|rate constants|trpospheric chemistry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113544,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Materiales con memoria de forma","resumen":"Los llamados materiales con memoria de forma responden de una manera muy peculiar ante un cambio de temperatura o de carga aplicada, por esto han sido clasificados dentro de la categoría de \u201Cmateriales inteligentes\u201D. Una de las características distintivas de estos materiales es que pueden \u201Crecordar\u201D su forma original. Sus propiedades han dado origen no sólo a importantes estudios científicos para comprender el origen de este comportamiento, sino también a la mejora de estas propiedades y al desarrollo de aplicaciones, pudiendo ser usados tanto para generar fuerza o movimiento, como también para almacenar energía. En este artículo se analizan sus principales propiedades y se enumeran una serie de desarrollos tecnológicos en los que se emplean estos materiales.","palabras_clave":"MATERIALES CON MEMORIA DE FORMA|TRANSFORMACION MARTENSITICA|PROPIEDADES MECANICAS|DEFECTOS EN CRISTALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113545,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of the essential oils from 16 species of Eucalyptus against Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) adults","resumen":"ABSTRACT Oils extracted from various species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus badjensis Beuzev &Welch, Eucalyptus badjensis  Eucalyptus nitens, Eucalyptus benthamii variety dorrigoensis Maiden &Cambage, Eucalyptus botryoides Smith, Eucalyptus dalrympleana Maiden, Eucalyptus fastigata Deane&Maiden, Eucalyptus nobilis L.A.S. Johnson&K. D. Hill, Eucalyptus polybractea R. Baker, Eucalyptusradiata ssp. radiata Sieber ex Spreng, Eucalyptus resinifera Smith, Eucalyptus robertsonii Blakely,Eucalyptus rubida Deane & Maiden, Eucalyptus smithii R. Baker, Eucalyptus elata Dehnh, Eucalyptusfraxinoides Deane & Maiden, E. obliqua LÕHe´ r) were obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemicalcomposition of essential oils was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.Essential oils were mainly composed of 1,8-cineole, -pinene, -terpineol, 4-terpineol, and p-cymene.Vapors from these essential oils and their major components were found to be toxic to Haematobiairritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) adults.Analiquot of each oil was placed in a cylindrical test chamber,and the number of knocked down ßies was recorded as a function of time. Knockdown time 50% wasthen calculated. Results showed that essential oil of E. polybractea had the highest knockdown activityof 3.44 min. A correlation was observed between the content of 1,8-cineole in the Eucalyptus essentialoils and the corresponding toxic effect.","palabras_clave":"HORN FLIES|CONTROL|KNOCKDOWN|EUCALYPTUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113546,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Latitudinal decrease in folivory within Nothofagus pumilio forests: dual effect of climate on insect density and leaf traits?","resumen":"Aim&#8194; The strength of consumer\u2013plant interactions may decrease with latitude. Our objectives were to assess the spatial variation in folivory on Nothofagus pumilio and understand the influence of climate on folivory patterns as mediated by changes in folivore density and leaf traits.    Location&#8194;Nothofagus pumilio forests, between 38 and 55°S (Argentina).    Methods&#8194; We studied the correlation of leaf damage with latitude on data from 47 sampling sites, and evaluated spatial patterns of autocorrelation on latitudinally detrended data with a principal coordinates of neighbour matrices method. Path analysis was used to test the association of temperature and precipitation with leaf damage, mediated by folivore density and leaf traits. We evaluated the adequacy of this ecological model by examining the spatial pattern of autocorrelation in the residuals, and combined spatial and environmental predictors of leaf damage into partial regression.    Results&#8194; Leaf damage decreased with latitude, which was the only significant spatial predictor. The latitudinal decrease in temperature and precipitation was correlated with a decrease in the density of folivores and leaf size, and diminished leaf damage. Our ecological model adequately explained the spatial autocorrelation in the data: 44% of the variation in leaf damage was explained by the latitudinally structured component of the environment, whereas local environmental effects accounted for another 22%.    Main conclusions&#8194; We conclude that N. pumilio forests show consistent latitudinal patterns of variation in folivory, folivore density and leaf traits. Our study suggests that the latitudinal variation in folivory rates is partly driven by the influence of climate on both plants and herbivores. This warns us about the potential susceptibility of folivory rates to climate warming. We emphasize the value of large-scale analyses as complementary to local experimental approaches to understanding the regulation of herbivory.","palabras_clave":"HERBIVORÍA|NOTHOFAGUS PUMILIO|INTERACCIONES BIOLOGICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113547,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adapting to global environmental change in Patagonia: What role for disturbance ecology?","resumen":"Research from the Patagonian-Andean region is used to explore challenges and opportunities related to the integration of research on wildfire activity into a broader earth-system science framework that views the biosphere and atmosphere as a coupled interacting system for understanding the causes and consequences of future wildfire activity.We examine how research in disturbance ecology can inform land-use and other policy decisions in the context of probable future increases in wildfire activity driven by climate forcing. Climate research has related recent warming and drying trends in much of Patagonia to an upward trend in the Southern Annular Mode which is the leading pattern of extratropical climate variability in the southern hemisphere. Although still limited in spatialextent, tree-ring fire history studies are beginning to reveal regional patterns of the top-down climate influences on temporal and spatial pattern of wildfire occurrence in Patagonia. Knowledge of relationships of fire activity to climate variability in the context of predicted future warming leads to the hypothesis that wildfire activity in Patagonia will increase substantially during the first half of the 21st century. In addition to this anticipated increase in extreme fire events due to climate forcing, we further hypothesize that current land-use trends will increase the extent and\/or severity of fire events through bottom-up (i.e. land surface) influences on wildfire potential. In particular, policy discussions of how to mitigate impacts of climate warming on fire potential need to consider research results from disturbance ecology on the implications of continued planting of flammable non-native trees and the role of introduced herbivores in favouring vegetation changes that may enhance landscape flammability.","palabras_clave":"CLIMATE CHANGE|DISTURBANCE|FIRE ECOLOGY|HERBIVORY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113548,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Environmental and genetic control of insect abundance and herbivory along a forest elevational gradient","resumen":"Environmental conditions and plant genotype may influence insect herbivory along elevational gradients. Plant damage would decrease with elevation as temperature declines to suboptimal levels for insects. However, host plants at higher elevations may exhibit traits that either reduce or enhance leaf quality to insects, with uncertain net effects on herbivory. We examined folivory, insect abundance and leaf traits along six replicated elevational ranges in Nothofagus pumilio forests of the northern Patagonian Andes, Argentina. We also conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment between low- and high-elevation sites to test the extent of environmental and plant genetic control on insect abundance and folivory. We found that insect abundance, leaf size and specific leaf area decreased, whereas foliar phosphorous content increased, from low-, through mid- to high-elevation sites. Path analysis indicated that changes in both insect abundance and leaf traits were important in reducing folivory with increasing elevation and decreasing mean temperature. At both planting sites, plants from a low-elevation origin experienced higher damage and supported greater insect loads than plants from a high-elevation origin. The differences in leaf damage between sites were twofold larger than those between plant origins, suggesting that local environment was more important than host genotype in explaining folivory patterns. Different folivore guilds exhibited qualitatively similar responses to elevation. Our results suggest an increase in insect folivory on high-elevation N. pumilio forests under future climate warming scenarios. However, in the short-term, folivory increases might be smaller than expected from insect abundance only because at high elevations herbivores would encounter more resistant tree genotypes.","palabras_clave":"folivory|local adaptation|NOTHOFAGUS PUMILIO|reciprocal transplant"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113549,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant, DNA cleavage and cellular effects of silibinin and a new oxovanadium(IV)\/silibinin complex","resumen":"A new complex of the oxovanadium(IV) cation with the flavolignan silibinin has been synthesized and characterized. Vanadium compounds show interesting biological and pharmacological properties and some of them display antitumoral actions. Flavonoids are part of a larger group of antioxidant compounds called polyphenols which may inhibit the proliferation and growth of cancer cells. The antioxidant and antitumoral effects of silibinin and its oxovanadium(IV) complex were investigated. Silibinin acted as a very strong antioxidant and its complexation with oxovanadium(IV) improved this behavior. Besides, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by this compound was favored in tumoral (UMR106) cells and correlated with the deleterious behavior in the proliferation of this cell line. Conversely, silibinin did not exert any effect on the proliferation of normal osteoblasts (MC3T3E1). The cytotoxic action and ROS generation of the oxovanadium(IV) complex was more effective in tumoral cells. This behavior was not consistent with cleaving DNA of plasmid DNA pA1 because no significant cleaving activity was observed in both cases. These results suggest that the main deleterious mechanisms may take place through cytotoxic effects more than genotoxic actions. A comparison with our own findings on the behavior of other flavonoids and their vanadyl(IV) complex has also been performed.","palabras_clave":"OXOVANADIUM(IV)|SILIBININ|OSTEOBLASTS|ANTIOXIDANT|ANTITUMORAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113550,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antibacterial activity assays of a new cadmium complex with o-phenanthroline and cyanoguanidine. Crystal structure, fluorescence properties and chemical speciation studies","resumen":"A new coordination complex, aqua bis(o-phenanthroline) cadmium(II) sulfate cyanoguanidine  pentahydrate, [Cd(o-phen)2(SO4)(H2O)](cnge) 5H2O, was synthesized and characterized. The  crystal structure was solved by X-ray diffraction methods. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space  group P21\/n with a¼13.7650(2) A &#730; , b¼10.2796(2) A &#730; , c¼21.4418(3) A &#730; , ¼90.106(2), and  Z¼4 molecules per cell unit. The cadmium(II) is in a distorted octahedral environment  coordinated to two nearly planar and mutually perpendicular o-phenanthrolines, one oxygen  atom of sulfate, and a water molecule. Non-bonded and planar cyanoguanidine and five  crystallization water molecules complete the asymmetric unit. Vibrational (FT-IR and FTRaman)  spectroscopies and thermogravimetric determinations support this structure. Intensity  enhancement of the fluorescence spectrum may be a demonstration of the interaction of the  metal with phenanthroline. In solution the coordination behavior is rather different, and the  speciation studies point to coordination of both cnge and phenanthroline to cadmium. The  improvement of the antibacterial activity of cadmium upon complexation has been determined.","palabras_clave":"Phenanthroline|Cyanoguanidine|Cadmium complexes|Crystal structure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113551,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multiclass classification of microarray data samples with a reduced number of genes","resumen":"Multiclass classification of microarray data samples with a reduced number of genes is a rich and challenging problem in Bioinformatics research. The problem gets harder as the number of classes is increased. In addition, the performance of most classifiers is tightly linked to the effectiveness of mandatory gene selection methods. Critical to gene selection is the availability of estimates about the maximum number of genes that can be handled by any classification algorithm. Lack of such estimates may lead to either computationally demanding explorations of a search space with thousands of dimensions or classification models based on gene sets of unrestricted size. In the former case, unbiased but possibly overfitted classification models may arise. In the latter case, biased classification models unable to support statistically significant findings may be obtained.","palabras_clave":"MICROARRAY DATA|CLASSIFICATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113552,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tubulin pools in human erythrocytes: altered distribution in hypertensive patients affects Na+, K+-ATPase activity","resumen":"  The presence of tubulin in human erythrocytes was demonstrated using antibodies against total á-tubulin and different tubulin isotype. Tubulin was found to be distributed within the erythrocyte normal subjets (NS) in three distinct pools: membrane, sedimentable structure and soluble fraction. Erythrocytes from hypertensive subjets (HS) has inhibited the Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) activity. The present study show that, in erythrocytes from HS, tubulin in the membrane is increased by ~150% compared to NS. Similar increases were observed for different tubulin isotype and for acetylated tubulin\/NKA complex. Treatment of erythrocytes from NS with the microtubule-stabilizing agent taxol caused enhancement of acetylated tubulin in the membrane and inhibition of NKA activity, whereas treatment of erythrocytes from HS with the drug nocodazol cause the opposite effect of taxol. These results suggest that, in erythrocytes from HS, tubulin is translocated from the sedimentable to the membrane, where it associates with NKA and inhibits the enzyme activity.á-tubulin and different tubulin isotype. Tubulin was found to be distributed within the erythrocyte normal subjets (NS) in three distinct pools: membrane, sedimentable structure and soluble fraction. Erythrocytes from hypertensive subjets (HS) has inhibited the Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) activity. The present study show that, in erythrocytes from HS, tubulin in the membrane is increased by ~150% compared to NS. Similar increases were observed for different tubulin isotype and for acetylated tubulin\/NKA complex. Treatment of erythrocytes from NS with the microtubule-stabilizing agent taxol caused enhancement of acetylated tubulin in the membrane and inhibition of NKA activity, whereas treatment of erythrocytes from HS with the drug nocodazol cause the opposite effect of taxol. These results suggest that, in erythrocytes from HS, tubulin is translocated from the sedimentable to the membrane, where it associates with NKA and inhibits the enzyme activity.   ","palabras_clave":"Na+, K+-ATPase|ACETYLATED TUBULIN|DETYROSINATED TUBULIN|HYPERTENSION|HUMAN ERYTROCYTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113553,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cyclic pseudoelastic behavior and energy dissipation in as-cast Cu-Zn-Al foams of different densities","resumen":"This paper presents a study of the mechanical properties of pseudoelasticCu-Zn-Al foams. Foams of different densities were cycled in compression. The paper shows the retained\/dissipated energy by the material, i.e. the area of the compression cycle, as a function of the material density. The frequency and strain amplitude, usual parameters that may influence the damping properties, are studied by evaluating the dissipated energy and the specific damping capacity. Samples cyclically testedunder constrained compression conditions show a remarkable mechanical stability and reproducibility. The material does not appreciably degrade after 1000 compression cycles at room temperature. We emphasize the material does not need any thermo-mechanical processing or training treatment in order to present the mechanical properties detailed in the present paper.","palabras_clave":"SHAPE MEMORY EFFECTS|MARTENSITIC STRUCTURE|MECHANICAL TESTING|SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY APPLICATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113554,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Instrumentos líticos con filos denticulados en la Costa Norte de Santa Cruz. Un análisis tecno-funcional","resumen":"En este trabajo se presentan y discuten los resultados de un análisis tecno-funcional realizado a un grupo tipológico de artefactos líticos particular como lo son los instrumentos con filos denticulados. Las particularidades de dichos instrumentos en relación al resto de las clases artefactuales identificadas en la costa Norte de la provincia de Santa Cruz, radican en sus características morfo-tecnológicas, su distribución espacial característica y sus potenciales funcionalidades específicas. Partiendo del supuesto que los instrumentos con filos denticulados habrían sido confeccionados para realizar acciones estrictamente relacionadas a los litorales marinos, el objetivo general de este estudio es comenzar a comprender el rol jugado por los mismos en las comunidades de aprovechamiento costero, particularmente en el caso de las sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras de la costa norte de Santa Cruz (Patagonia, Argentina) durante el Holoceno. Consideramos que la información generada en cuanto a la funcionalidad de estosinstrumentos es de valiosa utilidad para comenzar a comprender las estrategias de aprovisionamiento y utilización de los recursos líticos y alimenticios por parte de los grupos humanos que ocuparon el litoral marino del norte de Santa Cruz.","palabras_clave":"DENTICULADOS|FUNCIONALIDAD|COSTA|USO|DAÑOS MORFOLÓGICOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113555,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis Sensitivity to Bacteriocins Produced by Two Lactobacilli Strains.","resumen":"The purpose of the present study was todetermine the inhibitory activities of two bacteriocins,produced by lactobacilli, against genital mycoplasmas. Inthis study, infections produced by genital mycoplasmaswere studied; of these, 1.3% were caused by Mycoplasmahominis, 10.7% by Ureaplasma urealyticum and 5.6% byU. urealyticum ? M. hominis. U. urealyticum was isolatedfrom 75 out of 123 patients with genital mycoplasmas,while M. hominis was isolated from 9 patients (7.3%) andboth U. urealyticum and M. hominis from 39 patients(31.7%). Bacteriocins, L23 and L60, produced by Lactobacillusfermentum and L. rhamnosus, respectively, appearto be two novel inhibitors of bacterial infection withpotential antibacterial activity. Both bacteriocins proved tobe active against 100% of strains tested; MICs of bacteriocinL23 ranged between 320 and 160 UA ml-1 for 78%of the M. hominis strains and between 320 and80 UA ml-1 for 95% of the U. urealyticum strains. Inaddition, bacteriocin L60 was still active at 160 UA ml-1for a high percentage (56%) of M. hominis strains, and at80 UA ml-1 for 53% of the U. urealyticum strains. Interestingly,these antimicrobial substances produced by lactobacillishowed an inhibitory activity against genitalmycoplasmas even when diluted. Altogether, our studyindicates that the bacteriocins, L23 and L60, are goodcandidates for the treatment or prevention of genitalinfections in women.","palabras_clave":"M. hominis|Bacteriocin|U. urealyticum|L. fermentum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113556,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SENSITIZATION OF Listeria innocua TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC ACIDS BY NATURAL ANTIMICROBIALS","resumen":"            Acid tolerance of two strains  of Listeria innocua as single strain  culture and co-culture, were evaluated in liquid cheese whey after exposure to  nisin, MicrogardTM and green tea. Inorganic and organic acids were  applied after natural antimicrobials treatments and microbial counts were made  to analyze the bacterial response. The results have demonstrated that natural  antimicrobials like nisin, MicrogardTM and green tea, present in the  liquid cheese whey, did not produce any cross-protection effects. On the contrary,  in most of the cases, the antimicrobial treatment increased the susceptibility  of L. innocua to acid stress, particularly in the treatment with nisin or green  tea extract and organic acids. These results were corroborated by different  techniques, including transmission electron microscopy.","palabras_clave":"Acid stress|Natural antimicrobials|Listeria innocua|Cheese whey"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113557,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ARGENTINEAN GREEN TEA VARIETIES AS AFFECTED BY WHEY PROTEINS","resumen":"                      Green tea contains a high  percentage of polyphenols, which are potent antioxidant and antimicrobial  agents. However, interactions between polyphenols and food components may  decrease their potential benefits. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether  the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities of different Argentinean green tea  varieties could be affected by whey proteins. The results showed some degree of  masking in the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of green tea infusions  when whey proteins are present. The degree of inhibition of antioxidant  activity in each variety did not depend on the polyphenol concentration,  indicating the importance of the particular polyphenol composition of each  variety. The CH 410 variety exhibited the best performance as antioxidant and  antimicrobial, even in the presence of whey proteins. The antimicrobial effects  in the presence of whey proteins correlated with the polyphenol content of the  green tea infusions and increased with the reduction of whey protein  concentration. The antimicrobial effectiveness was similar within a pH range  from 4.0 to 7.0, allowing its application to a wide group of foods.","palabras_clave":"Argentinean green tea|Antioxidant|Antimicrobial|Whey proteins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113558,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Age and growth in Peale's dolphin, Lagenorhynchus australis, in subantarctic waters off Southern South America","resumen":"The Peale\u2019s dolphin, Lagenorhynchus australis, is a mainly coastal and one of the most  often seen species off southernmost South America from 33S off Chile and 38S off Argentina to south of Cape Horn. Although a  common species, its IUCN status is \u201CData Defficient\u201D, so any information on  this species is relevant. Age, growth and physical maturity were examined in  skeletons of 57 specimens of this species, mostly from the coasts of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina; this represents most of  the known specimens of this species available in museum and private  collections. Most specimens were by-catch in shore-set gillnets or had been  harpooned for crab bait. Age was determined for 23 specimens, all from Tierra  del Fuego. The maximum age was 13 years for a 199 cm female. The largest  female in this survey was 210 cm, the largest male 205 cm in total length (12 years), but this probably does not represent the maximum length for this  species. Only two animals, of 12 and 13 years, were physically mature. Animals reach asymptotic length (188 cm) with less than the 30% of the vertebral epiphyses fused. The animals in this study were mainly subadults, as has been found for other southern by-caught dolphins. Growth was studied for total length using 18 osteological characters with the Gompertz model. We propose that zygomatic  width can be used to estimate total length for incomplete beach-cast specimens.","palabras_clave":"Lagenorhynchus australis|Peale's dolphin|morphometrics|age|growth"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113559,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis in rat macrophages subjected to shiga toxin from Escherichia coli","resumen":"Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli are important food-borne pathogens. The main &nbsp;virulence factor of this bacterium is its capacity to secrete Shiga toxins (Stxs), which have &nbsp;been reported to induce apoptosis in several cell types. However, the mechanisms of this &nbsp;apoptosis have not yet been fully elucidated. In addition, Stxs have also been shown to &nbsp;stimulate macrophage to produce nitric oxide (NO), a well-known apoptosis inductor. The &nbsp;aim of this study was to investigate the participation of NO in the apoptosis of rat &nbsp;peritoneal macrophages induced by culture supernatants or Stx2 from E. coli. Peritoneal &nbsp;macrophages incubated in the presence of E. coli supernatants showed an increase in &nbsp;apoptosis levels as well as in the NO production. Furthermore, the inhibition of NO &nbsp;synthesis, induced by the addition of aminoguanidine (AG), was correlated with a reduction &nbsp;in the percentage of apoptotic cells, indicating the participation of this metabolite in the &nbsp;apoptotic process. In a similar way, the treatment of cells with Stx2 induced a rise in the &nbsp;NO production and apoptotic levels. Moreover, these parameters were also reverted by the &nbsp;addition of AG. In summary, these data show that treatment with E. coli supernatants or &nbsp;Stx2 induces nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis of macrophages. ","palabras_clave":"macrophage|nitric oxide|apoptosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113560,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Amylose \u2013vanillin complexation assessed by a joint experimental and theoretical analysis","resumen":"A joint experimental and theoretical study has been carried out on the   amylose\u2013vanillin complex, demonstrating its formation by X-ray   diffraction as well as UV\/visible and circular dichroism spectroscopic   techniques. Theoretical simulations substantiate these experimental data   and the variations of properties upon complexation by evidencing the   stability of the inclusion of vanillin in the helical cavity as well as   by explaining the related changes of the linear (chiro-)optical   properties. In particular, the circular dichroism (CD) signature of the   vanillin inclusion complex results from a geometrical distortion induced   by the complexation with the surrounding amylose helix. The use of the   ONIOM technique mixing B3LYP and PM6 levels of approximation to include   the interactions between different layers (together with the IEFPCM   model to describe the solvent) appears to be a satisfactory methodology   to simulate both the UV and CD spectra for these compounds.","palabras_clave":"complejo de inclusion|vainillina|dicroismo circular|ONIOM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113561,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Identification of uncertain MIMO Wiener and Hammerstein models","resumen":"Several approaches can be found in the literature to perform the identification of block oriented models (BOMs). In this sense, an important improvement is to achieve robust identification to cope with the presence of uncertainty. In this work, two special and widely used BOMs are considered: Hammerstein and Wiener models. The models herein treated are assumed to be described by parametric representations. The approach introduced in this work for the identification of the multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) uncertain model is performed in a single step. The uncertainty is described as a set of parameters which is found through the solution of an optimization problem. A distillation column simulation  model is presented to illustrate the robust identification approach. This process is an interesting benchmark due to its well-known nonlinear dynamics. Both Hammerstein and Wiener models are used to represent this plant in the presence of uncertainty. A comparative study between these models is established.","palabras_clave":"WIENER MODELS|HAMMERSTEIN MODELS|ROBUST IDENTIFICATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113562,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Novel Sterol Desaturase-Like Protein Promoting Dealkylation of Phytosterols in Tetrahymena thermophila","resumen":"The gene TTHERM_00438800 (DES24) from the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila encodes a protein with three conserved histidine clusters, typical of the fatty acid hydroxylase superfamily. Despite its high similarity to sterol desaturase-like enzymes, the phylogenetic analysis groups Des24p in a separate cluster more related to bacterial than to eukaryotic proteins, suggesting a possible horizontal gene transfer event. A somatic knockout of DES24 revealed that the gene encodes a protein, Des24p, which is involved in the dealkylation of phytosterols. Knocked-out mutants were unable to eliminate the C-24 ethyl group from C29 sterols, whereas the ability to introduce other modifications, such as desaturations at positions C-5(6), C-7(8), and C-22(23), were not altered. Although C-24 dealkylations have been described in other organisms, such as insects, neither the enzymes nor the corresponding genes have been identified to date. Therefore, this is the first identification of a gene involved in sterol dealkylation. Moreover, the knockout mutant and wild-type strain differed significantly in growth and morphology only when cultivated with C29 sterols; under this culture condition, a change from the typical pear-like shape to a round shape and an alteration in the regulation of tetrahymanol biosynthesis were observed. Sterol analysis upon culture with various substrates and inhibitors indicate that the removal of the C-24 ethyl group in Tetrahymena may proceed by a mechanism different from the one currently known.","palabras_clave":"CILIATES|STEROL DESATURASE-LIKE|DEALKYLATION|LATERAL GENE TRANSFER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113563,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Poincare-Birkhoff theorem in quantum mechanics","resumen":"Quantum manifestations of the dynamics around resonant tori inperturbed Hamiltonian systems, dictated by the Poincaré-Birkhofftheorem, are shown to exist. They are embedded in the interactionsinvolving states which differ in a number of quanta equal to the orderof the classical resonance. Moreover, the associated classical phasespace structures are mimicked in the quasiprobability density functionsand their zeros.","palabras_clave":"Chaotic systems: semiclassical methods|Semiclassical theories and applications"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113564,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microbial functionalization of (-)-ambroxide by fi lamentous fungi","resumen":"Microbial functionalization of (?)-ambroxide by filamentous fungiBiocatalysis is a very useful tool for organic chemists to functionalize organic compounds under working conditions milder than chemical ones. This methodology has special signifi cance since it can be an easy way to introduce a functional group in a non-reactive carbon, regio and stereoselectively. In order to look for new compounds with antioxidant activity we report the transformation of the natural substrate (-)-ambroxide using the enzyme potential of pure strains of the fi lamentous fungi Alternaria alternata and Cunninghamella sp., following a protocol with growing cell cultures, which produced the new compound 1&#946;-hydroxyambroxide and the previously known compound 3&#946;-hydroxyambroxide.After purification their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. These two metabolites are the products of oxidation of ring A of the starting material, without evidence of other compounds with different functionalization. Both compounds were tested for their activity as free radical scavengers in vitro, using the assay of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical trapping. The results demonstrated that hydroxylation of carbons C-1 and C-3 of (-)-ambroxide with &#946;stereochemistry had no effect on biological activity as an antioxidant compared with the starting material and a reference substance.","palabras_clave":"BIOTRANSFORMATION|CUNNINGHAMELLA|ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA|SANTONINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113565,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A survey on distribution and toxigenicity of Aspergillus section Flavi in poultry feeds","resumen":"Thirty-five samples of poultry feeds and corresponding raw materials (maize, soybean and meat meal) from aprocessing plant were analyzed to evaluate the distribution and toxigenicity of Aspergillus section Flaviisolates. Mycological analysis of the samples indicated the presence of five fungal genera (Aspergillus,Penicillium, Fusarium, Cladosporium, and Eurotium). Aspergillus flavus was the predominant species beingpresent in 48.5% of the analyzed samples. Ninety-one isolates belonging to Aspergillus section Flavi wereisolated; ninety were identified as A. flavus and only one as A. parasiticus. Fifty-seven isolates were capable ofproducing sclerotia, 41 were identified as L-type strains and 16 as type S. Fifty-seven percent of the isolatesproduced AFB1 levels ranging from 0.05 &#956;g\/kg to 27.7 &#956;g\/kg whereas 86.8% produced CPA from 1.5 &#956;g\/kg to137.8 &#956;g\/kg. L-strains produced from 0.05 to 14.8 &#956;g\/kg of aflatoxin and type S produced levels from 0.05 to1.65 &#956;g\/kg. No significant differences in CPA production among S- and L-strains were observed. Sclerotialisolates produced AFB1 levels ranging between 0.05 and 27.7 &#956;g\/kg and CPA levels from 3.8 to 47.3 &#956;g\/kg.More than half of the A. flavus isolates were able to produce AFB and CPA simultaneously. Twenty percent ofthe 35 samples were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 whereas 34.3% were contaminated with CPA. The highrate of CPA producing isolates represents a potential risk of contamination with this toxin in poultry feeds.","palabras_clave":"ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI|AFLATOXINS|CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID|FEEDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113566,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Orbital and spin dynamics of intraband electrons in quantum rings driven by twisted light","resumen":"We theoretically investigate the effect that twisted light has on the orbital and spin dynamics of electrons in quantum rings possessing sizable Rashba spin-orbit interaction.&nbsp; The system Hamiltonian for such a strongly inhomogeneous light field exhibits terms which induce both spin-conserving and spin-flip processes.&nbsp; We analyze the dynamics in terms of the perturbation introduced by a weak light field on the Rasha electronic states, and describe the effects that the orbital angular momentum as well as the inhomogeneous character of the beam have on the orbital and the spin dynamics.","palabras_clave":"twisted light|quantum ring|spin-orbit interaction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113567,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spin-spin indirect interaction at low energy excitation in zero-dimensional cavities","resumen":"We solve the low-energy part of the spectrum of a model that describes a circularly polarizedcavity mode strongly coupled to two exciton modes, each of which is coupled to a localizedspin of arbitrary magnitude. In the regime in which the excitons and the cavity modes arestrongly coupled, forming polaritons, the low-energy part of the spectrum can be described byan effective spin model, which contains a magnetic field, an axial anisotropy, and an Isinginteraction between the localized spins. For detunings such that the low-energy states aredominated by nearly degenerate excitonic modes, the description of the low-energy states by asimple effective Hamiltonian ceases to be valid and the effective interaction tends to vanish.Finally, we discuss a possible application to two-qubit quantum computing operations in asystem of transition-metal impurities embedded in quantum dots inside a micropillar.","palabras_clave":"spin-spin interaction|polaritons|cavities"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113568,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Familias y escuelas: repensando la relación desde el campo de la Antropología y la Educación","resumen":"La relación entre \u201Clas familias\u201D y \u201Cla escuela\u201D se presenta como un tema ineludible para quien se interese por la educación infantil. En la actualidad, la relevancia que adquiere esta relación se evidencia en los diálogos con y entre docentes en las escuelas, en las descripciones de los profesionales vinculados a los gabinetes psicopedagógicos o equipos de orientación escolar y en la profusión de documentos y publicaciones provenientes tanto de ámbitos académicos como de organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales (nacionales e internacionales). Hemos podido documentar cómo a lo largo de los últimos años, la vinculación entre las escuelas y los ámbitos domésticos concentra, por parte de los docentes, ciertas angustias y expectativas, y por parte de las autoridades, indicaciones y prescripciones sobre determinadas líneas de acción. Todo esto deriva en una serie de demandas cruzadas, acuerdos y desacuerdos, tensiones y múltiples conflictos que ha ido configurando a esta vinculación como una problemática a atender. Ahora, sabemos que en tanto problema social, ha sido -valga la redundancia- social e históricamente construido. De ahí la importancia que cobra para nosotras como investigadoras abrir interrogantes más amplios, indagar en profundidad en base a qué recortes de la realidad opera esta problemática: es decir, qué aspectos de la vida social resultan destacados y cuáles soslayados, qué representaciones están consolidadas y circulan a nivel social, qué universo de prácticas familiares son reconocidas por la escuela y cuáles son invisibilizadas, qué cambios históricos y\/o continuidades se han producido. Así, transformar esta problemática social en un problema de investigación ha sido un eje conductor de nuestros trabajos durante más de una década. En este artículo nos centramos en dos dimensiones de análisis que aportan sustantivamente a la problematización y a la desnaturalización de esta temática. En primer lugar, profundizamos en la producción de discursos que sitúan a la familia como una condición necesaria para la escolarización. En segundo lugar, desde este anclaje en el presente, nos parece fundamental historizar esta relación, prestando especial atención a los modos \u2013cambiantes- en que se configura la presencia de los padres en la escuela y a las representaciones siempre dinámicas sobre la distribución social de obligaciones y responsabilidades.","palabras_clave":"FAMILIAS|ESCUELAS|PRODUCCIÓN DE DISCURSOS|HISTORIZACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113569,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La enseñanza de la Antropología y la formación de profesores","resumen":"Hablar de la enseñanza de la Antropología y la formación de profesores es una historia relativamente reciente en el Departamento de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Hace poco menos de 15 años comenzaba un desafío que consistía en organizar la materia Didáctica Especial y Prácticas de la Enseñanza de la Antropología ya que, hasta ese momento, los estudiantes de Ciencias Antropológicas que optaban por el título de profesor cursaban Didáctica Especial de la Historia.Este desafío radicó en repensar un conocimiento tradicionalmente pensado en los ámbitos académicos para la investigación en terreno y no para su enseñanza en otros espacios educativos que no sean los universitarios. Con el tiempo, y con la experiencia del trabajo en equipo, fuimos procesando una serie de contenidos que procuran recuperar la significatividad pedagógico\/curricular que implica la enseñanza de contenidos antropológicos, proponiendo una reflexión crítica acerca del tipo singular de conocimientos que la Antropología ha generado dentro de las Ciencias Sociales -a lo largo de crisis teóricas y redefiniciones epistemológicas- cuestionando los saberes cosificados e instaurando nuevas formas de problematización de la realidad social.A partir de este estado de situación, nos interesa en este artículo, dar cuenta de algunas cuestiones que venimos discutiendo últimamente, en torno a la relevancia de los contenidos antropológicos como desnaturalizadores de las prácticas sociales. Asimismo, vinculamos esta relevancia con la necesidad insoslayable de contextualizar a la enseñanza dentro de los profundos cambios políticos y económicos actuales, así como parte de un proceso histórico que no debemos olvidar en torno a la herencia que han dejado las políticas neoliberales en educación, el desmantelamiento de las instituciones educativas públicas y el lugar de los y las jóvenes subalternos que por efecto de tales políticas quedaron, sino excluidos, en situación de gran vulnerabilidad para lograr su permanencia en el sistema educativo. En este contexto es que consideramos relevante recuperar lo que llamamos \u201Cperspectiva antropológica\u201D, tanto como parte sustantiva de la formación de los futuros docentes antropólogos así como contenido a enseñar. ","palabras_clave":"ENSEÑANZA|ANTROPOLOGÍA|FORMACIÓN|DOCENCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113570,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modeling of alkali impregnation of eucalyptus wood","resumen":"In wood pulping processes, the quality of the impregnation stage has a significant influence on the final pulp properties. In this work, a refined version of a previously published model is used to analyze this operation stage. For liquor containing NaOH and Na2S, the study considers the reaction of wood acetyls and acidic groups. The Donnan effect is applied for analysis of ion concentrations in the wood-liquid interphase. The predicted concentration profiles are in acceptable agreement with the experimental results. The model is used afterward to simulate a batch or a cocurrent continuous kraft impregnation process. In the impregnating liquor, the alkali concentration is gradually reduced due to chemical reactions and alkali accumulation in the wood chips. The level of impregnation is finally analyzed considering different chip thickness values corresponding to an industrial chip stock sample.","palabras_clave":"Alkali wood impregnation|Process modeling|Process simulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113571,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modeling, synthesis and optimization of heat exchanger networks. Application to fuel processing systems for PEM fuel cells","resumen":"The development of biofuels has gained much attention in recent years. Thermodynamic analyses to obtain energy from biofuels using fuel cells were addressed in previous works for a variety of processes. In those processes, the determination of the best conditions to achieve high efficiency values in the conversion of chemical energy into electrical power is a critical issue from the net global energy efficiency point of view. In this regard, a main aspect is to address the energy integration of the whole process. In a previous paper, the authors dealt with energy integration studies for glycerin- and ethanol-based processors coupled to PEM fuel cells resorting on the \u201Cmulti-stream heat exchanger\u201D feature provided by the simulation tool HYSYS. In that work, the aim was to maximize the energy recovery from the process streams that renders the maximum achievable net global efficiency. In this paper, the aim is to synthesize and design the optimal heat exchangers network (i.e. determination of the process configuration and units sizes) while maintaining the net global efficiency of the whole system at its achievable value.  Three modifications to the original SYNHEAT model developed in 1990 by Yee and Grossmann for synthesizing heat exchanger networks are proposed in this work aiming at a better problem description, and consequently searching for best problem solutions.  First, a modification in computing the minimum approach temperature difference is proposed. Second, the called \u201Coperation line method\u201D is coupled to the SYNHEAT model to built-up the network superstructure to be optimized. Finally, the SYNHEAT model\u2019s hypothesis of constant cp value for modeling heat exchange between process streams is improved by considering enthalpy variable instead of temperature variable, which is convenient when latent heat is transferred.  The model variables number involved in the heat exchanger network synthesis problems solved has been reduced to less than a half by applying the operation line method.  The proposed methodology and modifications made are of general application and not just for the specific cases addressed in this work.","palabras_clave":"HEN Synthesis and Design|Energy Integration|Optimization|Glycerin|Ethanol|PEM fuel cell"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113572,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Growth compensation as a regulatory mechanism of purple clam Amiantis purpurata population dynamics in Patagonia","resumen":"Density-dependent processes may drive the population dynamics in marine species through intraspecific competition for food or space. We examined processes controlling population dynamics in the purple clam Amiantispurpurata population of Playa Villarino (north of San Matias Gulf, Argentina) at the southernmost limits of its distribution. Population structure at this location has been dominated for more than 2 decades by 3 consecutive cohorts settled in 1978&#8722;1980. We used data on mean size and mass, growth rate, area covered by residents, density and biomass collected at 2 sites between 1982 and 2003, and a survey performed in 1995 over the whole population, to explore density dependence. The spatial pattern showed that: (1) whereas density was heterogeneous with highest values at the western side of the ground, biomass was more uniform, and the relationship between biomass and density was non-linear, becoming asymptotic at a density of 200 clams m&#8722;2; (2) body size and density decreased over time; and (3) the substrate area used by clams was less than 35% of the available substrate. Temporal patterns showed that (1) density decreased with time but biomass was almost constant, and (2) growth curves were indicative of a density-dependent effect: individuals at low-density sites grew faster than individuals at high-density sites. Differences were strong between sites and slight (or absent)between cohorts. Natural mortality, which did not differ between cohorts, was estimated by the decrease in density over time as M = 0.126. We propose that the purple clam population is regulated by a compensatory effect whereby losses due to mortality are compensated by increased growth rate, and therefore enhancement of local biomass.","palabras_clave":"Compensatory growth|Survivorship|Growth rate|Biomass trend"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113573,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interaction between FGFR-2, STAT5 and progesterone receptors in breast cancer","resumen":"AbstractFibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 2 (FGFR-2) polymorphisms have been associated with an increase in estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (PR)-positive breast cancer risk; however, a clear mechanistic association between FGFR-2 and steroid hormone receptors remains elusive. In previous works, we have shown a cross talk between FGF2 and progestins in mouse mammary carcinomas. To investigate the mechanisms underlying these interactions and to validate our findings in a human setting, we have used T47D human breast cancer cells and human cancer tissue samples. We showed that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and FGF2 induced cell proliferation and activation of ERK, AKT, and STAT5 in T47D and in murine C4-HI cells. Nuclear interaction between PR, FGFR-2, and STAT5 after MPA and FGF2 treatment was also showed by confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation. This effect was associated with increased transcription of PRE and\/or GAS reporter genes, and of PR\/STAT5-regulated genes and proteins. Two antiprogestins and the FGFR inhibitor PD173074, specifically blocked the effects induced by FGF2 or MPA respectively. The presence of PR\/FGFR-2\/STAT5 complexes bound to the PRE probe was corroborated by using NoShift transcription and chromatin immunoprecipitation of the MYC promoter. Additionally, we showed that T47D cells stably transfected with constitutively active FGFR-2 gave rise to invasive carcinomas when transplanted into NOD\/SCID mice. Nuclear colocalization between PR and FGFR-2\/STAT5 was also observed in human breast cancer tissues. This study represents the first demonstration of a nuclear interaction between FGFR-2 and STAT5, as PR coactivators at the DNA progesterone responsive elements, suggesting that FGFRs are valid therapeutic targets for human breast cancer treatment.","palabras_clave":"breast cancer|FGFR-2|progesterone receptor|stat5"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113574,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, characterization and catalytic behavior of Mg - Al - Zn - Fe mixed oxides from precursors layered double hydroxide","resumen":"In the present work, Mg-Al-Zn-Fe layered double hydroxides (LDH) were prepared by coprecipitation reaction  with hydrothermal treatment. Their corresponding calcinated products (mixed oxides) were used as catalyst for ethylbenzene  dehydrogenation to styrene. The characterization of precursors and the mixed oxides was carried out by X-ray diffraction, XPS,  TGA-DSC, UVvis-DRS, specific surface area, and magnetic properties. The Fe3þ species were detected by XPS; they exist in two  chemical states related to oxides and spinel environment. Zn is found in two possible contributions, such as ZnO or spinel. XRD data  indicate that the hydrotalcite phase exists in all precursor samples, except for the sample without magnesium (HT100). In the mixed  oxides the ZnO phase increases with the rise of the Zn content. Oxides show a decrease of surface areas with the increase of the Zn  content. Ethylbenzene dehydrogenation was carried out with the mixed oxides synthesized. The HT25 sample with Zn\/(ZnþFe) =  0.25 molar ratio shows a 31.5% conversion and selectivity to styrene superior to 87%, which is directly related to the quantity of  oxide, spinel phase and magnesium, as well as the high surface area and the magnetic response obtained.","palabras_clave":"MgAlZnFe LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES|MIXED OXIDES|XRD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113575,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Parathyroid hormone and the regulation of cell cycle in colon adenocarcinoma cells","resumen":"Parathyroid hormone (PTH) functions as a major mediator of bone remodeling and as an essential regulator of calcium homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the role of PTH in the regulation of the cell cycle in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PTH (10&#8722;8 M, 12?24 h) treatment increases the number of cells in the G0\/G1 phase and diminishes the number in both phases S and G2\/M. In addition, analysis by Western blot showed that the hormone increases the expression of the inhibitory protein p27Kip1 and diminishes the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D3 and CDK6. However, the amounts of CDK4, p21Cip1, p15INK4B and p16INK4A were not different in the absence or presence of PTH. Inhibitors of PKC (Ro-318220, bisindolylmaleimide and chelerythine), but not JNK (SP600125) and PP2A (okadaic acid and calyculin A), reversed PTH response in Caco-2 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that PTH induces G0\/G1 phase arrest of Caco-2 intestinal cells and changes the expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation via the PKC signaling pathway.","palabras_clave":"PTH|CACO-2 CELLS|CELL CYCLE|PKC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113576,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal variation of Andean and Chilean Flamingos in lowland wetlands of central Argentina","resumen":"Southern Santa Fe Province in Argentina has many shallow lakes embedded in a  landscape where 70%of the area is used as grazing pastures and agricultural fields. These lakes are key lowland habitats for Andean Flamingos Phoenicoparrus andinus, especially during winter when some of the lakes in their primary habitats in the Andes of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru freeze. This year we carried out summer and winter surveys(January and August 2010, respectively) throughout the area in order to determine seasonal differences in flamingo abundance. We recorded a total of 13,756 Chilean Flamingos Phoenicopterus chilensis in summer and 13,333 in winter. We recorded 19 Andean Flamingos in summer and 2,587 in winter. There were also 385 flamingos that we were unable to identify to species in summer and 1,491 in winter. Finally, we recorded two Puna Flamingos Phoenicoparrus jamesi in winter at Melincué, constituting the first observation of this species atthis site, usually considered outside the distribution range for the species. The survey data show that Andean Flamingos were primarily present in this area during winter. These observations highlight the need to continue to survey and monitor these important habitats in both winter and summer over several years, and to broaden the survey area to cover more wetlands that may be providing winter habitat for Andean Flamingos.","palabras_clave":"FLAMINGO|PHOENICONAIAS|PHOENICOPTERUS|SANTA FE SHALLOW LAKES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113577,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Breeding-site selection by red-belly toads, Melanophryniscus stelzneri (Anura: Bufonidae), in Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina","resumen":"Differences among wetlands can have important consequences on reproductive success of amphibians; therefore habitat selection is expected to be of particular importance for anurans inhabiting heterogeneous environments. To investigate if the red-belly toad (Melanophryniscus stelzneri; Anura: Bufonidae) uses available habitats differentially and to determine the main factors influencing the use of certain water bodies as breeding habitat, we surveyed 30 spawning sites used by red-belly toads, and 30 adjacent unused sites, in an area of the Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina. We evaluated the relative importance of morphological and biotic features of ponds, and the presence of other organisms within the water body on the use of ponds as breeding sites by red-belly toads. Eight habitat variables related to important water body features were recorded and were used to fit a habitat selection model with GLM. Red-belly toads presented a positive selection to mallines, a wetland characteristic of the Sierras of Córdoba. They were associated with small, shallow ephemeral ponds with muddy banks and a high percent of vegetation cover. In general, the ponds used did not host other anuran species or potential predators. Breeding site selection by red-belly toads is largely consistent with records for other species of the genus in other parts of Argentina.","palabras_clave":"anuran|endemic species|habitat selection|reproduction|temporary ponds"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113578,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Climate Change and Ame rican Bullfr og Invasion: What Could We Expect in South America?","resumen":"Biological invasion and climate change pose challenges to biodiversity conservation in the 21st century. Invasive species modify ecosystem etructure and functioning and climatic changes are likely to produce invasive species\u2019 range shifts pushing some populations into protected areas. The American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) is one of the  hundred worst invasive species in the world. Native from the southeast of USA, it has colonized more than 75% of South America where it has been reported as a highly effective predator, competitor and vector of amphibian diseases. We modeled the potential distribution of the bullfrog in its native range based on different climate models and green-house gases emission scenarios, and projected the results onto South America for the years of 2050 and 2080. We also overlaid projected models onto the South American network of protected areas. Our results indicate a slight decrease in potential suitable area for bullfrog invasion, although protected areas will become more climatically suitable.Therefore, invasion of these sites is forecasted. We provide new evidence supporting the vulnerability of the Atlantic Forest Biodiversity Hotspot  to bullfrog invasion and call attention to optimal future climatic conditions of the Andean-Patagonian forest, eastern Paraguay, and northwestern Bolivia, where invasive populations have not been found yet. We recommend several management and policy strategies to control bullfrog invasion and argue that these would be possible if based on appropriate articulation among government agencies, NGOs, research institutions and civil society.","palabras_clave":"BIOLOGICAL INVASION|CLIMATE CHANGE|AMERICAN BULLFROG|MODELLING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113579,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"American bullfrog invasion in Argentina: where should we take urgent measures?","resumen":"Argentina is the country with the most geographically extended biological  invasion of the American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in South America after Brazil. Here, we used a maximum entropy ecological niche modeling algorithm (using records of the native range of American bullfrog) to project the model onto the whole of Argentina. We determined the most suitable habitats for this invasive alien species and where we consider urgent measures should be taken. Our projections showed good agreement with known feral populations of American bullfrog in Argentina. By implementing the ??Multivariate Environmental Similarity Surface?? analysis, we be able to determine that factors such as low precipitations or highest altitudes could be limiting the species? ability to invade the west and south of the country. We suggest that strategies should focus on detecting established feral populations of the American bullfrog and preventing further introductions or range expansion of feral populations in the northeast portion of the country. Lastly, we report a new feral population of bullfrogs in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|Ecological modelling|invasion|Lithobates catesbeianus|MAXENT|Multivariate Environmental Similarity Surface"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113580,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On uniform consistent estimators for convex regression","resumen":"A new nonparametric estimator of a convex regression function in any dimension is proposed and its uniform convergence properties are studied.  We start by using any estimator of the regression function and we emph{convexify} it by taking the convex envelope of a sample of the approximation obtained.  We prove that the uniform rate of convergence of the estimator is maintained after the convexification is applied.  The finite sample properties of the new estimator are investigated by means of a simulation study and the application of the new method is demonstrated in examples.","palabras_clave":"approximation|convex regression|convexity|data smoothing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113581,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On the facets of the lift-and-project relaxations of graph subdivisions","resumen":"We study the behavior of lift-and-project procedures for solving combinatorial opti- mization problems as described by Lov &#769;asz and Schrijver (1991), in the context of the stable set problem on graphs. Following the work of Wolsey (1976), we investigate how to generate facets of the relaxations obtained by these procedures from facets of the relaxations of the original graph, after applying fundamental graph operations. We show our findings for the odd subdivision of an edge and its generalization, the stretching of a vertex operation.","palabras_clave":"STABLE SET|LIFT&PROJECT|GRAPH SUBDIVISION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113582,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On local times, density estimation and supervised classification from   functional data","resumen":"In this paper we define a $sqrt{n}$--consistent nonparametric  estimator for the marginal density of an order one stationary process built up from a sample of iid continuous time trajectories. Under mild conditions we obtain strong consistency, strong orders of convergence and derive the asymptotic distribution of the estimator. We extend some of the results to the non-stationary case. We propose a nonparametric classification rule based on local times (occupation measure) and include some simulations studies.","palabras_clave":"FUNCTIONAL DATA|DENSITY ESTIMATION|NEAREST NEIGHBORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113583,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PTH receptor signaling in osteocytes governs periosteal bone formation and intra-cortical remodeling","resumen":"The periosteal and endocortical surfaces of cortical bone dictate the geometry and overallmechanical properties of bone. Yet, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate activity on these surfaces are far from being understood. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has profound effects in cortical bone, stimulating periosteal expansion and at the same time accelerating intra-cortical bone remodeling. We report herein that transgenic mice expressing a constitutive active PTH receptor in osteocytes (DMP1-caPTHR1 mice) exhibit increased cortical bone area and elevated rate of periosteal and endocortical bone formation. In addition, DMP1-caPTHR1 mice display marked increase in intracortical remodeling and cortical porosity. Crossing DMP1-caPTHR1 mice with mice lacking the Wnt coreceptor DL related receptor 5 (LRP5) or with mice overexpressing the Wnt antagonist Sost in osteocytes (DMP1-Sost mice), reduced or completely abolished, respectively, the increased cortical bone area, periosteal BFR, and expression of osteoblast markers and Wnt target genes exhibited by the DMP1-caPTHR1 mice. In addition, DMP1-caPTHR1 lacking LRP5 or double transgenic DMP1-caPTHR1;DMP1-Sost mice exhibit exacerbated intra-cortical remodeling and osteoclast numbers, and markedly decreased expression of the RANK decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG). Thus, whereas Sost downregulation and the consequent Wnt activation is required for the stimulatory effect of PTH receptor signaling on periosteal bone formation, the Wnt-independent increase in osteoclastogenesis induced by PTH receptor activation in osteocytes overrides the effect on Sost. These findings demonstrate that PTH receptor signaling influences cortical bone through actions on osteocytes and define the role of Wnt signaling in PTH receptor action.","palabras_clave":"OSTEOCYTES|PTH RECEPTOR|PERIOSTEAL BONE FORMATION|WNT SIGNALING|INTRACORTICAL REMODELING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113584,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"?Protein phosphatases: possible Bisphosphonate binding sites mediating stimulation of osteoblasts proliferation","resumen":"We investigated the existence of a bisphosphonate (BP) target site in osteoblasts. Binding assays using [3H]-olpadronate ([3H]OPD) in whole cells showed the presence of specific, saturable and high affinity binding for OPD (Kd = 1.39 ± 0.33 lM) in osteoblasts. [3H]OPD was displaced from its binding site by micromolar concentrations of lidadronate, alendronate and etidronate (Kd = 1.42 ± 0.15 lM, 2.00 ± 0.2 lM and 2.4 ± 0.4 lM, respectively), and by millimolar concentrations of the non-permeant protein phosphatase (PP) substrates p-nitrophenylphosphate and a-naphtylphosphate. PP inhibitors orthovanadate, NaF or vpb(bipy) did not displace [3H]OPD. As expected, specific OPD binding was detected in the plasma membrane of ROS 17\/2.8 cells, although significant BP binding was also found intracellularly. Moreover, OPD increased DNA synthesis in these cells with a temporal profile similar to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors, Na3VO4 and vpb(bipy); but different from a general PP inhibitor (NaF). The stimulatory effect of OPD and PTP inhibitors on osteoblast proliferation was inhibited by the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and geldanamycin. These results provide new evidence on the existence of a BP target in osteoblastic cells, presumably a PTP, which may be involved in the stimulatory action of BPs on osteoblast proliferation. ","palabras_clave":"BISPHOSPHONATES|OSTEOBLASTS BINDING SITES|PROTEIN PHOSPHATASES|OSTEOBLAST PROLIFERATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113585,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"HOST PREFERENCE BY DIACHASMIMORPHA LONGICAUDATA (HYMNEOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) REARED ON LARVAE OF ANASTREPHA FRATERCULUS AND CERATITIS CAPITATA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)","resumen":"The preferences of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Ashmead) for larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) were evaluated under laboratory conditions in no-choice and dual-choice tests, based on percent parasitism, proportion of emerged parasitoids, proportion of female offspring, and number of parasitoid female visits to and ovipositor probes on the artificial oviposition device as different measures of host preference.  In no-choice tests D. longicaudata females did not demonstrate a significant preference between C. capitata and A. fraterculus larvae. Nevertheless, D. longicaudata females showed a strong preference for A. fraterculus larvae in dual-choice test. Although female biased parasitoid progeny resulted in all assays, significantly more D. longicaudata female offspring emerged from A. fraterculus pupae than from C. capitata pupae. Thus, this study confirmed that both C. capitata and A. fraterculus are appropriate host for rearing D. longicaudata, but also provided evidence that female parasitoid progeny yield can be substantially improved by using A. fraterculus larvae as the host instead of C. capitata larvae.","palabras_clave":"MOSCAS DE LA FRUTA|PARASITOIDES|PREFERENCIA DE HUESPED|CONTROL BIOLOGICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113586,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"COMPLEX I SYNDROME IN MYOCARDIAL STUNNING AND  THE EFFECT OF ADENOSINE","resumen":"Isolated rabbit hearts were exposed to ischemia (I; 15 min) and reperfusion (R; 5?30 min) in a model of stunned myocardium. I\/R decreased left-ventricle O2 consumption (46%) and malate?glutamate-supported   mitochondrial state 3 respiration (32%). Activity of complex I was 28%   lower after I\/R. The pattern observed for the decline in complex I   activity was also observed for the reduction in mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS)   biochemical (28%) and functional (50%) activities, in accordance with   the reported physical and functional interactions between complex I and mtNOS. Malate?glutamate-supported state 4 H2O2 production was increased by 78% after I\/R. Rabbit heart Mn-SOD concentration in the mitochondrial matrix   (7.4 ± 0.7 &#956;M) was not modified by I\/R. Mitochondrial phospholipid   oxidation products were increased by 42%, whereas protein oxidation was   only slightly increased. I\/R produced a marked (70%) enhancement in   tyrosine nitration of the mitochondrial proteins. Adenosine attenuated postischemic ventricular dysfunction and protected the heart from the declines in O2 consumption and in complex I and mtNOS activities and from the enhancement of mitochondrial phospholipid oxidation. Rabbit myocardial stunning is associated with a condition of dysfunctional mitochondria named ?complex I syndrome.? The beneficial effect of adenosine could be attributed to a better regulation of intracellular cardiomyocyte Ca2+ concentration.","palabras_clave":"ADENOSINE|COMPLEX I|MITOCHONDRIA|MTNOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113587,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biosorption of mercury by Macrocystis  pyrifera and Undaria pinnatífida. Influence of zinc, cadmium and nickel","resumen":"Abstract: This study investigates the adsorption of Hg(II) on Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida in monometallic system and in the presence of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II). The two biosorbent reach the same maximum sorption capacity (qm=0.8 mmol.g-1) for mercury. U. pinnatifida shows a greater affinity (given by the b coefficient of the Langmuir equation) for mercury compared to M. pyrifera (4.4 versus 2.7 L mmol-1 respectively). Mercury uptake was significantly reduced (by more than 50 %) in the presence of competitor heavy metals such as Zn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II). Mercury was heterogeneously sorbed at the surface of both M. pyrifera and U. pinnatifida, while the other heavy metals were homogeneous distributed (SEM-EDX characterization). The biosorbents were analyzed by FT- IR spectrometry: S=O (sulfonate) and N-H (amine) functional groups, were identified as the main responsible of Hg(II) binding.","palabras_clave":"MERCURY|ISOTHERM|SORPTION|M PYRIFERA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113588,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Allosteric modulation of retinal GABA receptors by ascorbic acid","resumen":"Ionotropic&nbsp; gamma-aminobutyric&nbsp; acid&nbsp; receptors&nbsp; (GABAA&nbsp; and&nbsp; GABAC)&nbsp; belong&nbsp; to&nbsp; the&nbsp; cys-loop receptor&nbsp; family&nbsp; of&nbsp; ligand-gated&nbsp; ion&nbsp; channels. GABAC&nbsp; receptors&nbsp; are&nbsp; highly&nbsp; expressed&nbsp; in&nbsp; the retina,&nbsp; mainly&nbsp; localized&nbsp; at&nbsp; the&nbsp; axon&nbsp; terminals&nbsp; of&nbsp; bipolar&nbsp; cells.&nbsp; Ascorbic&nbsp; acid,&nbsp; an&nbsp; endogenous redox agent, modulates the function of diverse proteins, and basal levels of ascorbic acid in the retina&nbsp; are&nbsp; very&nbsp; high.&nbsp; However,&nbsp; the&nbsp; effect&nbsp; of&nbsp; ascorbic&nbsp; acid&nbsp; on&nbsp; retinal&nbsp; GABA&nbsp; receptors&nbsp; has&nbsp; not been studied. Here we show that the function of GABAC and GABAA receptors is regulated by ascorbic&nbsp; acid.&nbsp; Patch-clamp&nbsp; recordings&nbsp; from&nbsp; bipolar&nbsp; cell&nbsp; terminals&nbsp; in&nbsp; goldfish&nbsp; retinal&nbsp; slices revealed&nbsp; that&nbsp; GABAC&nbsp; receptor-mediated&nbsp; currents&nbsp; activated&nbsp; by&nbsp; tonic&nbsp; background&nbsp; levels&nbsp; of extracellular&nbsp; GABA,&nbsp; and&nbsp; GABAC&nbsp; currents&nbsp; elicited&nbsp; by&nbsp; local&nbsp; GABA&nbsp; puffs,&nbsp; are&nbsp; both&nbsp; significantly enhanced&nbsp; by&nbsp; ascorbic&nbsp; acid.&nbsp; In&nbsp; addition,&nbsp; a&nbsp; significant&nbsp; rundown&nbsp; of&nbsp; GABA-puff&nbsp; evoked&nbsp; currents was&nbsp; observed&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; absence&nbsp; of&nbsp; ascorbic&nbsp; acid.&nbsp; GABA-evoked&nbsp; Cl-&nbsp; currents&nbsp; mediated&nbsp; by homomeric ñ1 GABAC receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes were also potentiated by ascorbic acid in a concentration-dependent, stereospecific, reversible, and voltage-independent manner. Studies involving the chemical modification of sulfhydryl groups showed that the two cys-loop cysteines and histidine 141, all located in the ñ1 subunit extracellular domain, each play a key role in the modulation of GABAC receptors by ascorbic acid. Additionally, we show that retinal&nbsp; GABAA&nbsp; IPSCs&nbsp; and&nbsp; heterologously&nbsp; expressed&nbsp; GABAA&nbsp; receptor&nbsp; currents&nbsp; are&nbsp; similarly augmented by ascorbic acid. Our results suggest that ascorbic acid may act as an endogenous agent capable of potentiating GABAergic neurotransmission in the CNS ","palabras_clave":"GABA RECEPTORS|REDOX MODULATION|ASCORBIC ACID|RETINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113589,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydrothermal synthesis of BaTiO3 from different Ti-precursors and microstructural and electrical properties of sintered samples with submicrometric grain size","resumen":"Barium titanate submicrometric particles were synthesized at 180 °C in a closed PTFE lined stainless steel reactor with continuous stirring. Precursors used for titanium were Degussa P25TiO2 or titanium isopropoxide (TIP). Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) was added in a Ba\/Ti=1.1 molar ratio and KOH was used as mineralizer. The obtained powders were characterized by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Powders were uniaxially pressed into discs and sintered at1250 °C. The resulting microstructures were characterized by XRD, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Electrical measurements were carried out in order to characterize the ferroelectric behavior. The Ti precursor determined the sample density and grain size distribution and, consequently, the electrical response.","palabras_clave":"ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES|BaTiO3|HYDROTHERMAL|MICROSTRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113590,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Application of the Knowledge-Based Approach to Strain Selection for a Bioaugmentation Process of Phenanthrene and Cr(VI)-contaminated Soil","resumen":"Application of the Knowledge-Based Approach to Strain Selection for a Bioaugmentation Process of Phenanthrene and Cr(VI)-contaminated Soil","palabras_clave":"BIODEGRADATION|PHENANTRENE|CHROMIUM|SOIL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113591,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oral administration of fluoxetine alters the proliferation\/apoptosis balance of lymphoma cells and up-regulates T cell immunity in tumor-bearing mice","resumen":"Antidepressants have a controversial role with regard to their influence on cancer and immunity. Recently, we showed that fluoxetine administration induces an enhancement of the T-cell mediated immunity in naïve mice, resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth. Here we studied the effects of fluoxetine on lymphoma proliferation\/apoptosis and immunity in tumor bearing-mice. We found an increase of apoptotic cells (active Caspase-3+) and a decrease of proliferative cells (PCNA+) in tumors growing in fluoxetine-treated animals. In addition, differential gene expressions of cell cycle and death markers were observed. Cyclins D3, E and B were reduced in tumors from animals treated with fluoxetine, whereas the tumor suppressor p53 and the cell cycle inhibitors p15\/INK4B, p16\/INK4A and p27\/Kip1 were increased. Besides, the expression of the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2 and the proapoptotic factor Bad were lower and higher respectively in these animals. These changes were accompanied by increased IFN-&#947; and TNF-&#945; levels as well as augmented circulating CD8+  T lymphocytes in tumor-bearing mice treated with the antidepressant. Therefore, we propose that the up-regulation of T-cell mediated antitumor immunity may be contributing to the alterations of tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis thus resulting in the inhibition of tumor progression.","palabras_clave":"Antidepressant |Fluoxetine |Serotonin |Cancer |Immunity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113592,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"leukotrienes antagonize the antiproliferative effect of Larrea divaricata Cav. on a lymphoma cell line interfering with cAMP  intracellular  level and PKC activity","resumen":"Larrea divaricata exerts a dual effect on the proliferation of BW5147 cells. The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of leukotrienes on the antiproliferative action of the extract inrelation to cyclic adenosinemonophosphate production and protein kinase C activation. The extracts induced cyclic adenosinemonophosphate and inhibited protein kinase C but&nbsp; induced leukotriene B4 production, which exerted contrary effects. These results suggest the finding of an extract free of compounds, which can increase leukotriene B4 level, in order to obtain amore active extract to be used in the treatment","palabras_clave":"LTB4| Lymphoma BW5147|Cyclic adenosine monophosphate|Protein kinase C| L. divaricata"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113593,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis, spectroscopic and structural properties of CF3SO2OCCl3","resumen":"Trichloromethyl trifluoromethanesulphonate, CF3SO2OCCl3, was prepared by quantitative reaction between Ag(CF3SO2O) and BrCCl3 . The conformational and structural properties of the gaseous molecule were studied by vibrational spectroscopy (IR(gas, liquid), Raman(liquid)) and quantum chemical calculations (DFT and ab initio methods).                   &nbsp;Theoretical and experimental vibrational results evidenced the presence of a single conformer with C1 symmetry. This result is in agreement with the adopted geometry of covalent sulphonates. The conformational preference was studied using the total energy scheme and natural bond orbital partition scheme. Additionally, the total potential-energy has been deconvoluted using six fold decomposition in terms of a Fourier-type expansion.               ","palabras_clave":"Ab initio calculatios|DFT calculations|Internal rotational barrier|Vibrational spectroscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113594,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Theoretical structural and experimental vibrational study of niobyl nitrate","resumen":"Theoretical structural and experimental vibrational study of niobyl nitrate.","palabras_clave":"Monodentate coordination|Bidentate coordination|DFT|Vibrational spectra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113595,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chitosan- gelatin composites and bi-layer films with potential antimicrobial activity","resumen":"The aims of this work were to develop composite (Chi-Ge) and bi-layer (Chi\/Ge) edible and biodegradable  films based on gelatin and chitosan. physico-chemical properties such as water resistance, transparency  and color were analyzed. Composite and bi-layer systems were uniform, homogeneous and thin; they  showed a compact structure indicating a good compatibility between components, which could interact  by strong hydrogen bonding, as was confirmed by FTIR. Water vapor permeability (WVP) was determined.  Both, bi-layer and laminated systems resulted effective alternatives to reduce WVP of chitosan  control film. The tensile strength of composite and bi-layer system did not differ significantly (P > 0.05),  but elongation at break of composite films was 40% higher (P< 0.05) than that of bi-layer film. Antimicrobial  activity of the films was analyzed. The results indicated that both E. coli and L. monocytogenes  showed sensitivity to all the films forming solutions. The inhibition halos of both pathogens to the  solutions of Chi and Chi-Ge showed to be extremely sensitive. Results obtained with edible films indicated  that only E. coli was sensitive to the combination Chi-Ge and Chi\/Ge. Neat Chi film did not induce  significant inhibition halos for none of the pathogens, which was quite surprising and still under study.","palabras_clave":"GELATIN|CHITOSAN |BLEND|BI LAYER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113596,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Human Apolipoprotein A-I-Derived Amyloid: its Association with Atherosclerosis","resumen":"Amyloidoses constitute a group of diseases in which soluble proteins aggregate and deposit extracellularly in tissues. Nonhereditary apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) amyloid is characterized by deposits of nonvariant protein in atherosclerotic arteries. Despite being common, little is known about the pathogenesis and significance of apoA-I deposition. In this work we investigated by fluorescence and biochemical approaches the impact of a cellular microenvironment associated with chronic inflammation on the folding and pro-amyloidogenic processing of apoA-I. Results showed that mildly acidic pH promotes misfolding, aggregation, and increased binding of apoA-I to extracellular matrix elements, thus favoring protein deposition as amyloid like-complexes. In addition, activated neutrophils and oxidative\/proteolytic cleavage of the protein give rise to pro amyloidogenic products. We conclude that, even though apoA-I is not inherently amyloidogenic, it may produce non hereditary amyloidosis as a consequence of the pro-inflammatory microenvironment associated to atherogenesis.","palabras_clave":"APOLIPOPROTEIN AI|AMYLOID|STRUCTURE|ATHEROSCLEROSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113597,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Enhanced Proinflammatory Cytokine Response to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide in the Adult Male Rat after either Neonatal or Prepubertal Ablation of Biological Testosterone Activity","resumen":"A sex steroid-dependent modulation of the immune function in mammals is   accepted, and evidence suggests that while estrogens enhance, androgens   inhibit the immune response. The aim of this study was to explore in the   adult male rat the effect of either neonatal flutamide (FTM) treatment   or prepubertal orchidectomy (ODX) on endocrine markers in the basal   condition and peripheral tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF&#945;) levels   during inflammatory stress. For these purposes, (1) 5-day-old male rats   were subcutaneously injected with either sterile vehicle alone or   containing 1.75 mg FTM, and (2) 25-day-old male rats were sham operated   or had ODX. Rats were sacrificed (at 100 days of age) in the basal   condition for determination of peripheral metabolite levels. Additional   rats were intravenously injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS;   25 µg\/kg body weight, i.v.) and bled for up to 4 h. Data indicate that   (1) ODX increased peripheral glucocorticoid levels and reduced those of   testosterone, whereas FTM-treated rats displayed low circulating leptin   concentrations, and (2) LPS-induced TNF&#945; secretion in plasma was   significantly enhanced in the FTM and ODX groups. Our study supports   that neonatal FTM treatment affected adiposity function, and adds data   maintaining that androgens have a suppressive role in proinflammatory   cytokine release in plasma during inflammation.","palabras_clave":"LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE |TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA|GLUCOCORTICOID|ANDROGEN|LEPTIN|FLUTAMIDE|ORCHIDECTOMY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113598,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for supersymmetric particles in events with lepton pairs and large missing transverse momentum in  7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS experiment","resumen":"Results are presented of searches for the production of supersymmetric particles decaying into  nal states with missing transverse momentum and exactly two isolated leptons in 7 TeV proton-  proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Search strategies requiring lepton pairs with identical sign or  opposite sign electric charges are described. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of  35 pb-1 collected with the ATLAS detector, no signicant excesses are observed. Based on specic bench-  mark models, limits are placed on the squark mass between 450 and 690 GeV for squarks approximately  degenerate in mass with gluinos, depending on the supersymmetric mass hierarchy considered.","palabras_clave":"HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS|ATLAS; CERN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113599,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for an excess of events with an identical  flavour lepton pair and signi","resumen":"Results are presented of a search for supersymmetric particles decaying into final states with significant missing transverse momentum and exactly two identical flavour leptons (e or mu) of opposite charge in sqrt{s}=7 TeV collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. This channel is particularly sensitive to supersymmetric particle cascade decays producing flavour correlated lepton pairs. Flavour uncorrelated backgrounds are subtracted using a sample of opposite flavour lepton pair events. Observation of an excess beyond Standard Model expectations following this subtraction procedure would offer one of the best routes to measuring the masses of supersymmetric particles. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1 no such excess is observed. Model-independent limits are set on the contribution to these final states from new physics and are used to exclude regions of a phenomenological supersymmetric parameter space.","palabras_clave":"HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS|ATLAS; CERN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113600,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Search for supersymmetry using final states with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in  7 TeV pp collisions","resumen":"This Letter presents the first search for supersymmetry in final statescontaining one isolated electron or muon, jets, and missing transversemomentum from &#8730;s=7&#8201;&#8201;TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The data were recorded bythe ATLAS experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integratedluminosity of 35&#8201;&#8201;pb-1. No excess above the standard modelbackground expectation is observed. Limits are set on the parameters ofthe minimal supergravity framework, extending previous limits. Withinthis framework, for A0=0&#8201;&#8201;GeV, tan&#8289;&#946;=3, and &#956;&gt;0 and for equal squark and gluino masses, gluino masses below 700&nbsp;GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level.","palabras_clave":"Supersymmetric models|Supersymmetric partners of known particles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113601,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at &#8730;s = 7 TeV","resumen":"A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs (t¯t) in pp collisions  at &#8730;s = 7 TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large  Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron e or  muon &#956;) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton (ee, &#956;&#956; or  e&#956;) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb&#8722;1,  37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton  topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-t¯t Standard Model processes  are estimated using data-driven methods and determined to be 12.2±3.9 events and 2.5±0.6  events, respectively. The kinematic properties of the selected events are consistent with SM  t¯t production. The inclusive top quark pair production cross-section is measured to be &#963;t¯t = 145 ± 31 +42  &#8722;27 pb where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The measurement agrees  with perturbative QCD calculations.","palabras_clave":"ATLAS, CERN|HIGHN ENERGY PHYSICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113602,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Studies of the performance of the ATLAS detector using cosmic-ray muons.","resumen":"Muons from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere provide a high-statistics source of particles that can be used to study the performance and calibration of the ATLAS detector. Cosmic-ray muons can penetrate to the cavern and deposit energy in all detector subsystems. Such events have played an important role in the commissioning of the detector since the start of the installation phase in 2005 and were particularly important for understanding the detector performance in the time prior to the arrival of the first LHC beams. Global cosmic-ray runs were undertaken in both 2008 and 2009 and these data have been used through to the early phases of collision data-taking as a tool for calibration, alignment and detector monitoring. These large datasets have also been used for detector performance studies, including investigations that rely on the combined performance of different subsystems. This paper presents the results of performance studies related to combined tracking, lepton identification and the reconstruction of jets and missing transverse energy. Results are compared to expectations based on a cosmic-ray event generator and a full simulation of the detector response.","palabras_clave":"HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113603,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Auxotrophic mutant of Staphylococcus aureus interferes with nasal colonization by the wild type","resumen":"Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a risk factor for infection in humans, particularly in the hospital setting. Bacterial interference was used as an alternative strategy for the prevention of upper respiratory, urogenital and gastrointestinal tract infections. This study was designed to assess if the administration of a live-attenuated aroA mutant of S. aureus is useful as a potential approach to prevent transient staphylococcal nasal carriage by virulent strains. We constructed an aroA mutant of S. aureus Newman strain by homologous recombination. The auxotrophic NK41 mutant was attenuated as determined by the increase of the LD(50) after intraperitoneal challenge. In mice, previous nasal colonization with the NK41 mutant significantly reduced the number of CFU of S. aureus (HU-71 and Hde288) clinical isolates and the parental Newman strain. The NK41 mutant was unable to induce a pro-inflammatory response and to damage the invaded human respiratory epithelial cells. Moreover, the cells previously or simultaneously infected with the NK41 mutant were invaded by virulent strains in a significantly lower degree than those of the control group. In conclusion, the attenuated NK41 mutant interfered with the colonization and establishment of pathogenic strains of S. aureus, which produce severe infections.","palabras_clave":"STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS|BACTERIAL INTERFERENCE|NASAL CARRIAGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113604,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"POTENTIAL OF NATIVE FORESTS FOR THE MITIGATION OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN SALTA, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Carbon stocks were assessed in three archetypal forest ecosystems in the   province of Salta, Argentina, namely Yungas, Chaco, and shrublands   located around Chaco. Over a total area of about 7000&nbsp;m2,   detailed measurements of woody biomass were conducted using structural   information such as diameter at breast height (dbh), total height, and   stem height. At the same time, the wet weight of herbaceous, shrubs, and   litter was registered within that area. Soil samples were also   collected to determine parameters such as bulk density and organic   carbon. The above-ground tree biomass (AGB) was quantified by two   non-destructive methods. This biomass was expressed from each reservoir   studied in t.\/haand the carbon content was then calculated   using a factor of 0.5. Carbon stocks in the ecosystems studied were 162,   92, and 48&nbsp;tC\/ha for Yungas, Chaco, and shrublands,   respectively. Our results show that carbon is concentrated in the soil   or as AGB. The latter is the most important reservoir in Yungas, while   the soil plays this role in the other two, drier environments. In the   province of Salta, native forests play a significant role in the   mitigation of greenhouse gases. Our results reveal the magnitude of   carbon stocks in some characteristic regional native forests, and   estimate their carbon sequestration potential. These results could be   useful to inform policy makers in charge of negotiations related to   conservation and sustainable management of native forests, and be a   relevant input for the formulation of more comprehensive land use   planning processes in the region.","palabras_clave":"BIOENERGY|BIOMASS DENSITY|CARBON SEQUESTRATION|MITIGATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113605,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La biomasa como instrumento estratégico de desarrollo local: principales resultados y reflexiones para el Valle de Lerma (Salta)","resumen":"La biomasa, englobando un conjunto de materiales orgánicos de naturaleza diversa, puede ser un instrumento de desarrollo local en los sitios en los que se halla presente. Si bien a nivel mundial se discuten beneficios y perjuicios de su aprovechamiento, en general estas discusiones se circunscriben a la producción de biodiesel y bioetanol (como biocarburantes), y nada tienen que ver con los posibles beneficios de otras fuentes de biomasa y otras aplicaciones. A partir de su detección, estudio, cuantificación y análisis, se definen y especifican las oportunidades y limitaciones de cada uno de los recursos de biomasa disponibles en el Valle de Lerma (Salta, Argentina) en una perspectiva de sustentabilidad. Seresumen en este trabajo los principales aspectos en los cuales las fuentes de biomasa disponibles podrían redundar en impactos positivos, promoviendo sistemas energéticos más sustentables. Dichos aspectos podrían asimismo verificarse en otras regiones y\/o países del tercer mundo.","palabras_clave":"BIOMASA|BIOENERGIA|MITIGACION DE EMISIONES|DESARROLLO LOCAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113606,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Propuesta metodológica para la toma de decisiones sobre bioenergía en un contexto complejo y diverso","resumen":"La aproximación al estudio de la biomasa en sitios donde ésta se muestra en múltiples facetas y características, requiere de un método práctico y de fácil aplicación. Si bien no existen recetas únicas, en este paper se presenta un esquema que sistematiza trabajo de terreno, de gabinete e interconsulta con expertos en temas de biomasa. Dicho esquema condensa y brinda de manera didáctica, los principales criterios que deberían ser utilizados para evaluar a priori, las potenciales fuentes de biomasa que podrían ser manejadas con fines energéticos. Asimismo, se relevan los aspectos más importantes de las instancias subsiguientes sobre asignación de usos y aplicaciones para cada recurso, y se brindan herramientas para su evaluación dentro del contexto del cambio climático mundial. La metodología desarrollada se aplica en una situación concreta, a manera de ejemplificación y a fin de poner de manifiesto algunos de los principales resultados logrados con su aplicación.","palabras_clave":"BIOMASA|BIOENERGIA|CRITERIOS|SISTEMAS BIOENERGETICOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113607,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Purinergic Signals Regulate Daily S-Phase Cell Activity in the Ciliary Marginal Zone of the Zebrafish Retina","resumen":"AbstractRegeneration and growth that occur in the adult teleost retina have been helpful in identifying molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cell proliferation and differentiation. Here, it is reported that S-phase cell number, in the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) of the adult zebrafish retina, exhibits day-night variations with a mid-light phase peak. Oscillations persist for 24 h in constant darkness (DD), suggesting control by a circadian component. However, variations in the S-phase nuclei number were rapidly dampened and not present during and after a second day in DD. An ADPâS treatment significantly enhanced S-phase activity at night to mid-light levels, as assessed by in vivo BrdU incorporation in a 2-h interval. Moreover, daylight increase in S-phase cell number was completely abolished when extracellular nucleotide levels or their extracellular hydrolysis by ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) were significantly disrupted or when a selective antagonist of purinergic P2Y1 receptors was intraocularly injected before BrdU exposure. Extracellular nucleotides and NTPDase action were also important for maintaining nocturnal low levels of S-phase activity in the CMZ. Finally, we showed that mRNAs of NTPDases 1, 2 (3 isoforms), and 3 as well as of P2Y1 receptor are present in the neural retina of zebrafish. NTPDase mRNA expression exhibited a 2-fold increment in light versus dark conditions as assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, whereas P2Y1 receptor mRNA levels did not show significant day-night variations. This study demonstrates a key role for nucleotides, principally ADP as a paracrine signal, as well as for NTPDases, the plasma membrane-bound enzymes that control extracellular nucleotide concentration, for inducing S-phase cell entry in the CMZ-normally associated with retinal growth-throughout the light-dark cycle.","palabras_clave":"purinergic signal|daily s-phase |ciliary marginal zone|zebrafish retina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113608,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CAMBIOS INDUCIDOS POR OBRAS PORTUARIAS EN AMBIENTES DE PLAYA, QUEQUEN PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA","resumen":"La zona de estudio ha estado signada por la construcción del puerto de Quequén desde las primeras décadas del siglo XX. El puerto Quequén presenta una localización estratégica para la exportación de los productos agropecuarios de la región del Sudeste bonaerense. Este puerto  está conformado por dos escolleras, una al Noreste de 572 m y otra al Sur de 1200 m. En el año 2005 se inició la reparación, remodelación y prolongación de la escollera Sur. La obra estuvo destinada a disminuir las condiciones de olas en el interior del canal de acceso y mejorar las condiciones de navegación reduciendo además el tiempo de acceso y egreso de los buques al puerto. Esta obra ha generado preocupación y controversia social sobre la agudización de la erosión costera en las playas de las localidades de Quequén  y Costa Bonita situadas al Este del puerto. En el presente trabajo se analizan las variaciones trimestrales del ancho de playa relevadas sistemáticamente desde el año 2004 al 2009. En el periodo analizado no se han encontrado evidencias concluyentes de la erosión costera previstas y adjudicable en forma directa a la Obra de Ampliación del Puerto de Quequén, sino parcialmente lo opuesto. Sin embargo es importante señalar que el lapso relevado, es corto en términos de series temporales.","palabras_clave":"EROSION COSTERA|ANCHO DE PLAYA|PUERTO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113609,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A metriorhynchid crocodyliform braincase from northern Chile","resumen":"Athree-dimensionally preservedmetriorhynchid braincase fromtheOxfordian of northern Chile is described. The specimen is referred to the metriorhynchidMetriorhynchus cf.M. westermanni. The excellent preservation provides clear sutures and a detailed description, and X-ray computed tomographic (CT) scanning provides internal anatomical details. The general pattern of the orbitotemporal region is consistent with that of the basal thalattosuchian Pelagosaurus typus as described recently. The specimen from northern Chile shares with other metriorhynchids (e.g., Cricosaurus araucanensis, Metriorhynchus westermanni, M. casamiquelai,and Dakosaurus andiniensis) a dorsally exposed laterosphenoid, a laterosphenoid-prootic suture forming a blunt crest separating the supratemporal fenestra into two fossae for muscular attachment, andthe quadrate incompletely sutured to the braincase. Thus, these features characterize not only basal but derived Thalattosuchia, as suggested by previous authors. The main difference in the orbitotemporal region is that in the specimen described herein, and in the other metriorhynchids examined, the trigeminal fossa is developed mainly caudal to the trigeminal foramen,whereas in P. typus the fossa is developed rostral and caudal to the trigeminal foramen. CT scanning indicates the presence of enlarged dorsal dural venous sinuses overlying the brain, as it has been described recently in Steneosaurus pictaviensis, and a well-developed sinus within the quadrate. The large foramen ventrolateral to the occipital condyle, which characterizesmetriorhynchids, is con&#64257;rmed as the entry for the internal carotid artery.","palabras_clave":"METRIORHYNCHIDAE|braincase|CHILE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113610,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Obtención de recubrimientos de hidroxiapatita sobre titanio mediante el método biomimético","resumen":"En el presente trabajo se realizó un estudio de la deposición de hidroxiapatita sobre un sustrato de titanio mediante el método biomimético. Para ello se empleó una disolución con elevado contenido de calcio y fósforo (SCS). Además, se realizó la activación del titanio a partir de la aplicación de procesos de oxidación con peróxido de hidrógeno y ácido clorhídrico con un posterior tratamiento térmico. La caracterización de los materiales empleados, así como de los recubrimientos obtenidos, se realizó mediante Espectroscopia Infrarroja (FT-IR), Difracción de Rayos X (DRX), Microscopia Electrónica de Barrido (MEB) y Espectroscopia de Energía Dispersiva de Rayos X (EDX). Como resultado del proceso de activación se formó un óxido de titanio hidratado. Sobre la superficie activada se logró obtener un recubrimiento de hidroxiapatita en un período de 24 h, caracterizado por su elevada densidad y cristalinidad y por presentar un espesor entre 2-4 &#956;m.","palabras_clave":"HIDROXIAPATITA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113611,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spontaneous BOLD event triggered averages for estimating functional  connectivity at resting state","resumen":"Recent neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that the spontaneous brain activity re&#64258;ects, to a large    extent, the same activation patterns measured in response to cognitive and behavioral tasks. This cor-   respondence between activation and rest has been explored with a large repertoire of computational   methods, ranging from analysis of pairwiseinteractions between areas of the brain to the global brain   networks yielded by independent component analysis. In this paper we describe an alternative method   based on the averaging of the BOLD signal at a region of interest (target) triggered by spontaneous incre-   ments in activity at another brain area (seed). The resting BOLD event triggered averages (\u201CrBeta\u201D) can   be used to estimate functional connectivity at resting state. Using two simple examples, here we illus-   trate how the analysis of the average response triggered by spontaneous increases\/decreases in the BOLD   signal is suf&#64257;cient to capture the aforementioned correspondence in a variety of circumstances.The com-   putation of the nonlinear response during rest here described allows for a direct comparison with results   obtained during task performance, providing an alternative measure of functional interaction between   brain areas.","palabras_clave":"fMRI|Resting State Networks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113612,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of ferromagnetic\/ferroelectric multilayers","resumen":"The La0.75Sr0.25MnO3 (LSMO)\/Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 (BSTO) superlattices and bilayers, where LSMO is ferromagnetic and BSTO is ferroelectric, were grown by dc sputtering. X-ray diffraction indicates that the samples present a textured growth with the c axis perpendicular to the substrate. Magnetization measurements show a decrease of the sample\u2019s magnetization for decreasing ferromagnetic thickness. This effect could be related to the presence of biaxial strain and a magnetic dead layer in the samples. Conductive atomic force microscopy indicates that the samples present a total covering of the ferromagnetic layer for a ferroelectric thickness higher than four unit cells. Transport tunneling of the carriers seems to be the preferred conduction mechanism through the ferroelectric layer. These are promising results for the development of multiferroic tunnel junctions.","palabras_clave":"CAFM|Multicapas|Sputtering"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113613,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PLOIDY DIMORPHISM AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY IN STENODREPANUM BERGII (LEGUMINOSAE) A RARE SOUTH AMERICAN ENDEMISM","resumen":"Abstract: This is the first report on chromosome numbers and the reproductive behaviour in Stenodrepanum Harms, a rareendemic and monotypic legume genus from the arid and salty areas of central?western Argentina. Sixty individuals belongingto two populations from two salty areas (?salinas?) were surveyed and included mostly triploid (2n = 3x = 36) and onlytwo diploid (2n = 2x = 24) plants. Meiosis in diploids is regular, with bivalent pairing and uniform and viable pollen. Incontrast, meiosis in triploids is characterized by high trivalent pairing, with irregularly shaped pollen and variation in cytoplasmcontent and stainability, which is in agreement with an unbalanced segregation occurring in anaphases I and II. However,different triploid plants\/individuals showed various degrees of pollen fertility, which may be attributed to particulargenotypes. Research on reproductive biology events indicates sexual cross-pollinated reproduction enhanced by protogyny inboth cytotypes. All plants produced seeds, but seedlings were only recovered from diploid plants pollinated with triploids,and even those eventually perished. Chromosome counts in these seedlings revealed aneuploid chromosome numbers owingto the combination of unbalanced gametes.","palabras_clave":"Stenodrepanum. |Fabaceae|Triploids, diploids|endemic"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113614,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Memorias sobre el Operativo Independencia en Famaillá. Algunas reflexiones sobre los conceptos de memoria, ideología y conciencia de clase","resumen":"Este escrito expone algunas reflexiones en torno a la articulación de los conceptos de  memoria, ideología y conciencia de clase. El punto de partida será la investigación  desarrollada por el Grupo de Investigación sobre el Genocidio en Tucumán (GIGET) sobre las características del genocidio perpetrado durante el Operativo Independencia  y la última dictadura militar y las formas de memoria actualmente vigentes sobre este  proceso en las clases populares. Se sostiene que el estudio de la memoria desde una perspectiva de clase plantea la  necesidad de explicitar el modo en que se inscriben las disputas a través de las  cuales se configuran los relatos hegemónicos sobre el pasado en el campo más  amplio de la lucha de clases. Con el objetivo de realizar un aporte en este sentido el  artículo indaga sobre el papel desempeñado por la memoria en la reproducción y la transformación del orden social.","palabras_clave":"MEMORIA|IDEOLOGIA|CONCIENCIA DE CLASE|GENOCIDIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113615,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Description of Holtermanniella gen. nov., including Holtermanniella takashimae sp. nov. and four new combinations, and proposal of the order Holtermanniales to accommodate tremellomycetous yeasts of the Holtermannia clade","resumen":"The novel genus Holtermanniella is proposed here to accommodate four Cryptococcus species  closely related to Holtermannia corniformis that are included in the Holtermannia clade  (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina). Thus, four novel combinations are proposed: Holtermanniella  nyarrowii comb. nov., Holtermanniella festucosa comb. nov., Holtermanniella mycelialis comb.  nov. and Holtermanniella wattica comb. nov. In addition, a novel anamorphic yeast species was  studied with 15 isolates obtained from different habitats around the world. Analysis of the  sequences of the D1\/D2 region of their large subunit rDNA showed that the novel species is  placed phylogenetically within the Holtermannia clade of the Tremellomycetes (Agaricomycotina,  Basidiomycota). PCR fingerprinting and sequencing of ITS1\u20135.8S\u2013ITS2 showed genetic  intraspecific variability among the strains: three groups were formed, which did not correlate with  geographical origin or substrate. This novel species, designated the type species of  Holtermanniella gen. nov., is described as Holtermanniella takashimae sp. nov.; the type strain is  CBS 11174T (5HB 982T 5DBVPG 8012T). The order Holtermanniales ord. nov. is proposed  here to include Holtermannia (the type genus) and Holtermanniella.","palabras_clave":"Yeast Taxonomy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113616,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Phaffia rhodozyma) on stromata of Cyttaria hariotii in Patagonian Nothofagus forests.","resumen":"The occurrence and distribution of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous associated with Cyttaria hariotii parasitizing threeNothofagus species (N. dombeyi, N. antarctica and N. pumilio) in northwestern Patagonia (Argentina), as well as thefactors that may affect this distribution were herein studied. Between 2000 and 2007, samples were obtained from 18different locations. Based on physiological tests and morphological characteristics of sexual structures, 72 isolateswere identified as X. dendrorhous. Representative strains were studied by MSP-PCR fingerprinting and sequenceanalysis of the ITS region. MSP-PCR fingerprints were similar for the newly isolated strains, and were also identicalto the profiles of the strains previously found in this region. Patagonian strains appear to be a genetically uniform anddistinct population, supporting the hypothesis that the association with different host species has determined geneticallydistinct X. dendrorhous populations worldwide. X. dendrorhous was recovered from N. dombeyi and N. antarctica.Approximately half the sampling sites and samples were positive for X. dendrorhous, but the isolation recovery ratewas low. X. dendrorhous was absent in the early stages of ascostromata maturation, becoming more abundant inlater stages. The present work represents a step forward in the understanding of the natural distribution and ecologyof this biotechnologically relevant yeast.","palabras_clave":"Phaffia|ASTAXANTHIN|NOTHOFAGUS|BIODIVERSITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113617,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microbe domestication and the identification of the wild genetic stock of lager-brewing yeast","resumen":"Domestication of plants and animals promoted humanity\u2019s transition  from nomadic to sedentary lifestyles, demographic expansion,  and the emergence of civilizations. In contrast to the well-documented  successes of crop and livestock breeding, processes of microbe  domestication remain obscure, despite the importance of  microbes to the production of food, beverages, and biofuels. Lagerbeer,  first brewed in the 15th century, employs an allotetraploid  hybrid yeast, Saccharomyces pastorianus (syn. Saccharomyces  carlsbergensis), a domesticated species created by the fusion of  a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ale-yeast with an unknown cryotolerant  Saccharomyces species. We report the isolation of that species  and designate it Saccharomyces eubayanus sp. nov. because of its  resemblance to Saccharomyces bayanus (a complex hybrid of S.  eubayanus, Saccharomyces uvarum, and S. cerevisiae found only  in the brewing environment). Individuals from populations of S.  eubayanus and its sister species, S. uvarum, exist in apparent sympatry  in Nothofagus (Southern beech) forests in Patagonia, but are  isolated genetically through intrinsic postzygotic barriers, and ecologically  through host-preference. The draft genome sequence of  S. eubayanus is 99.5% identical to the non-S. cerevisiae portion of  the S. pastorianus genome sequence and suggests specific changes  in sugar and sulfite metabolism that were crucial for domestication  in the lager-brewing environment. This study shows that combining  microbial ecology with comparative genomics facilitates  the discovery and preservation of wild genetic stocks of domesticated  microbes to trace their history, identify genetic changes, and  suggest paths to further industrial improvement.","palabras_clave":"LAGER YEAST|BEER|SACCHAROMYCES EUBAYANUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113618,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Yeast communities associated with bulk-soil, rhizosphere and ectomycorrhizosphere of a Nothofagus pumilio forest in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"Soil microorganisms play an important role in soil quality and they interact closely with vegetation. Little is known about yeast diversity and function in forest soil ecosystems and their interactions with other biotic soil components, particularly in the mycorrhizosphere. We studied the diversity of yeasts inhabiting the bulk-soil, rhizosphere and ectomycorrhizosphere of a Nothofagus pumilio forest in Nahuel Huapi National Park (Bariloche, Argentina). Ectomycorrhizal infection was observed in all N. pumilio trees studied. A total of 126 yeast isolates were obtained, including 18 known and three possibly new species. Basidiomycetous yeasts were predominant in all soil fractions, and the most frequently isolated species was Cryptococcus podzolicus. Diversity indices and multivariate analyses were used to study and compare yeast communities in the bulk-soil, rhizosphere and ectomycorrhizosphere. Yeasts able to ferment glucose were found associated with the rhizosphere. Many of the recovered yeast species were associated with lignocelluloses compound degradation, which suggest that yeast plays an important role as a decomposer in these forest soils. Each soil fraction has a distinct yeast assemblage related to their physiologic capacities and soil nutrient availability.","palabras_clave":"SOIL|YEAST DIVERSITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113619,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural and magnetic study of Mo-doped FINEMET","resumen":"In this paper, a study of the structural and the magnetic correlation of the crystalline and amorphous phases in the nanocrystalline system Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3-xMoxCu1 (x = 0, 1.5, 2, 3) was made. By means of Mössbauer spectroscopy, simple mass balance considerations and density measurements, both, phases fractions and chemical compositions were calculated (in at. %, wt. % and vol. %). Then, quasistatic magnetic measurements and ab initio calculations were used in a magnetic balance model in order to estimate the magnetic contribution of the remaining amorphous phase, which was compared to that of as-quenched amorphous samples of the same composition. The difference in both magnitudes showed the influence of penetrating fields and that these became more important for higher crystalline fractions.","palabras_clave":"NANOCRYSTALLINE ALLOYS|FINEMET|MOSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY|MAGNETIC MOMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113620,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High performance of low cost soft magnetic materials","resumen":"The consistent interest in supporting the research and development of magnetic materials during the last century is revealed in their steadily increasing market. In this work, the soft magnetic nanocrystalline FINEMET alloy was prepared with commercial purity raw materials and compared for the first time with the generally studied high purity one. The exhaustive characterisation covers several diverse techniques: X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis and magnetic properties. In addition, a brief economic analysis is presented. For the alloys annealed at 813 K, the value of the grain size was 16 nm with 19.5 % of Si, the coercivity was 0.30 A m-1 while the saturation was 1.2 T. These results prove that structural, magnetic and thermal properties of this material are very close to the expensive high purity FINEMET alloy, while a cost reduction of almost 98% seems highly attractive for laboratories and industry. The analysis should be useful not only for the production of FINEMETs, but for other type of systems with similar constitutive elements as well, including soft and hard magnetic materials.","palabras_clave":"SOFT MAGNETIC MATERIALS|FINEMET|RAW MATERIALS|PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY|STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113621,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"One-pot synthesis of 2-trifluoromethylchromones","resumen":"We report a simple and suitable method for the preparation of useful 2-tri.uoromethylchromones in one step, in high yields and avoiding the use of solvents. We were able to detect the intermediate of this reaction. Furthermore a mechanism for the formation of the 7-methoxy-3-tri.uoroacetyl-2-trifluoromethylchromone through the unexpected double tri.uoroacetylation of 4-methoxy-2-hydroxyacetophenone followed by dehydration is also proposed. All compounds are fully identifed and characterized by spectroscopic techniques.","palabras_clave":"2-trifluoromethyl chromones|NMR characterization|One-pot synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113622,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación de los cambios ocasionados en espermatozoides bovinos por variaciones en el manejo de las dosis durante su manipulación en inseminación artificial","resumen":"Considerando el disímil manejo al que las dosis son sometidas durante el descongelado y antes de la inseminación, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto que estos cambios producen sobre distintas características morfológicas y funcionales de los espermatozoides Afectando la calidad del semen a inseminar. Se utilizaron muestras de un toro Holando Argentino, procesadas y congeladas en pajuelas de 0,5 cc utilizando un diluyente semidefinido. El análisis de la motilidad se   realizó mediante el uso de Sperm Vision, la funcionalidad de la membrana plasmática mediante una prueba HOST y la integridad del acrosoma bajo microscopio de contraste de fases. Los cambios   de protocolo que llevaron a una calidad no aceptable para inseminar (según normas ISO 9002) se refirieron a cambios bruscos de temperatura de descongelado y del tiempo de inmersión, así como demoras en efectivizar la inseminación una vez descongelada la dosis y en retirar la pajuela del   termo de nitrógeno. Esta misma situación se evidenció al analizar la funcionalidad de la membrana plasmática. La integridad del acrosoma fue mayor al descongelar utilizando temperaturas altas (55,75 y 95°C).","palabras_clave":"MOTILIDAD|INTEGRIDAD|SEMEN|BOVINO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113623,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of a coaxial-stacked trielectrode plasma curtain","resumen":"The development of a plasma curtain discharge with a cylindrical geometry is presented. The discharge is generated at atmospheric pressure, by combining a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) with a dc corona discharge (CD). The DBD is established between two aluminum ring-shape electrodes separated by a circular dielectric plate, and the CD discharge is generated with a third electrode consisting of a cylindrical mesh positioned coaxially with respect to the DBD electrodes. Between the DBD electrodes and the CD electrode, there is a 23-mm large air gap. The discharge is composed of a train of streamers crossing the air gap, with a repetition frequency of about 100 kHz, and carrying an average current of 0.3\u20130.4 mA that can be sustained for large time periods. Also, a stacked arrangement was studied by placing a second set of DBD electrodes parallel to the first one, along the CD electrode axis. It was found that, in this parallel configuration, the discharge is well established, showing that an extended stacked configuration can be achieved without difficulty. This result is useful for gas-processing applications in which the gas to be treated flows through the discharge.","palabras_clave":"PLASMA CURTAIN|COAXIAL|STACKED"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113624,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium in cutting arc plasmas derived from electron and gas density measurements using a two-wavelength quantitative schlieren technique","resumen":"A two-wavelength quantitative Schlieren technique that allows inferring the electron and gasdensities of axisymmetric arc plasmas without imposing any assumption regarding statisticalequilibrium models is reported. This technique was applied to the study of local thermodynamicequilibrium (LTE) departures within the core of a 30 A high-energy density cutting arc. In order toderive the electron and heavy particle temperatures from the inferred density profiles, a generalizedtwo-temperature Saha equation together with the plasma equation of state and the quasineutralitycondition were employed. Factors such as arc fluctuations that influence the accuracy of themeasurements and the validity of the assumptions used to derive the plasma speciestemperature were considered. Significant deviations from chemical equilibrium as well as kineticequilibrium were found at elevated electron temperatures and gas densities toward the arc coreedge. An electron temperature profile nearly constant through the arc core with a value of about14 000\u201315 000 K, well decoupled from the heavy particle temperature of about 1500 K at the arc core edge, was inferred.","palabras_clave":"CUTTING TORCH|DENSITY MEASUREMENTS|SCHLIEREN TECHNIQUE|ARC PLASMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113625,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Model with anomalous diffusion and friction for a vacuum-arc plasma jet in a straight magnetic filter","resumen":"Abstract\u2014A model is developed to describe the plasma jetgenerated in a vacuum arc, which enters and flows inside a straightmagnetic filter with a realistic magnetic field configuration. Consideringa low-density collisionless plasma projection of the electronmomentum equation along the magnetic field lines and theassumption of quasi-neutrality allows one to relate the plasmadensity to the electrostatic potential. The system of equations isclosed using the ion mass conservation and ion momentum equations.The model is compared to measurements on the plasma jetgenerated in a pulsed copper vacuum arc with an annular anode,moving along a straight magnetic filter. Probe measurements ofthe ion saturation current and of the floating potential at differentaxial and radial positions along the filter, and for different magneticfield values, are used in the comparison with the modelresults. It is found that anomalous diffusion is needed to fit theexperimental measurements. Moreover, a novel anomalous frictioneffect for ion motion across magnetic lines has to be invokedin order to prevent strong radial oscillations triggered by the fastmagnetic focusing of the plasma at the filter entrance and obtainrealistic results. A simple model is presented to account for both ofthese effects, based on the assumption of a high level of fluctuationsin the plasma.","palabras_clave":"VACUUM ARC|MAGNETIC FILTER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113626,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On the dynamics of the space-charge layer inside the nozzle of a cutting torch and its relation with the 'non-destructive' double-arcing phenomenon","resumen":"Experimental observations on the plasma dynamics inside the nozzle of a 30A oxygen cutting torchoperated at conditions close to the double arcing are reported. It is employed a technique previously developed in our laboratory consisting in using the nozzle as a large-sized Langmuir probe. Based on the behavior of the ion current signal and simple estimations, it is concluded that (1) the non-equilibrium plasma inside the nozzle is far from the steady state in time, in contrast to what is frequently assumed. The power supply ripple was identified as the main fluctuations source and (2) large-scale plasma fluctuations inside the nozzle could cause transient (total duration of the order of 100 ls) Townsend avalanches developing in the space-charge layer located between the arc plasma and the nozzle wall. Such events trigger the so called non-destructive double-arcing phenomena without appealing to the presence of insulating films deposited inside the nozzle orifice, as was previously proposed in the literature.","palabras_clave":"DOUBLE ARCING|CUTTING ARC|NOZZLE|LAYER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113627,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"M6 membrane protein plays an essential role in Drosophila oogenesis","resumen":"We had previously shown that the transmembrane glycoprotein M6a, a   member of the proteolipid protein (PLP) family, regulates   neurite\/filopodium outgrowth, hence, M6a might be involved in neuronal   remodeling and differentiation. In this work we focused on M6, the only   PLP family member present in Drosophila, and ortholog to M6a.   Unexpectedly, we found that decreased expression of M6 leads to female   sterility. M6 is expressed in the membrane of the follicular epithelium   in ovarioles throughout oogenesis. Phenotypes triggered by M6   downregulation in hypomorphic mutants included egg collapse and egg   permeability, thus suggesting M6 involvement in eggshell biosynthesis.   In addition, RNAi-mediated M6 knockdown targeted specifically   to follicle cells induced an arrest of egg chamber development,   revealing that M6 is essential in oogenesis. Interestingly,   M6-associated phenotypes evidenced abnormal changes of the follicle cell   shape and disrupted follicular epithelium in mid- and late-stage egg   chambers. Therefore, we propose that M6 plays a role in follicular   epithelium maintenance involving membrane cell remodeling during   oogenesis in Drosophila.","palabras_clave":"PLP FAMILY|FEMALE STERILITY|EGG COLLAPSE|GPM6A|FOLLICULAR EPITHELIUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113628,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photosensitized degradation in water of the phenolic pesticides bromoxynil and dichlorophen in the presence of riboflavin, as a model of their natural photodecomposition in the environment","resumen":"Within the context of environmentally friendly methods for the elimination of surface-water pollutants, the photodegradation of the phenolic pesticides bromoxynil (BXN) and dichlorophen (DCP) under simulated natural conditions has been studied. The work was done in the presence of the visible-light absorber photosensitizer riboflavin (Rf), usually present in trace quantities in natural waters. Under aerobic conditions, an efficient photooxidation of both pesticides was observed. The relatively intricate photochemical mechanism involves pesticide and oxygen consumption and, to a lesser extent, Rf degradation. The kinetic and mechanistic study supports that both H2O2 and singlet molecular oxygen, O2(1&#916;g), are involved in the process. Kinetic data for the O2(1&#916;g)-mediated oxidation indicate that BXN and DCP are photodegraded with this species faster than the parent compound phenol, very frequently employed as a model for aquatic contaminants, likely due to their lower pKa values. This observation allows the design of phenolic pesticides with different photodegradation rates under environmental conditions.","palabras_clave":"Bromoxynil|Dichlorophen|Photooxidation|Photosensitization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113629,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mechanism of the photosensitizing action of a mixture humic acid - riboflavin in the degradation of  water-contaminants.","resumen":"Kinetic and mechanistic aspects on the photooxidation of 3-hydroxypyridine (3-OHP) and phenol (PhOH),taken as model compounds for hydroxyaromatic water-contaminants, was studied. A mixture of thenaturally occurring visible-light absorbers humic acid (HA) and vitamin B2 (riboflavin, Rf) was employedas a photosensitizing agent. The work was done in pH 7 aqueous solution, in the presence of 0.04mMRf and 50g\/ml HA and employing photoirradiation wavelengths higher than 360 nm, a range where3-OHP and PhOH are transparent.The mechanism involved in the photooxidation was mainly evaluated through oxygen consumptionmeasurements. The mixture HA+ Rf generates O2(1Dg) and superoxide anion radical, the latter especially in the presence ofelectron donors such as the hydorxyaromatic compounds. The rates of oxygen consumption were takenas a measure of the overall oxidation rate of the contaminant model compounds. The photooxidationof 3-OHP at pH 7, sensitized by low Rf and HA concentrations, and standarized by comparison with thephotooxidation rate of the known oxidizable target furfuryl alcohol, is an efficient process. PhOH is onlydegradable in the alkaline range of pH.A moderate decrease in the rate of oxygen consumption by 3-OHP upon Rf +HA sensitization wasobserved as compared to the simple addition of the oxygen uptake rates for 3-OHP upon individual Rfand HA sensitization. It is attributed to a catalytic decomposition of superoxide anion radical by HA, which competes with 3-OHP by the oxidative species, inhibiting this oxygen-consumer channel, especially active in the presenceof the pyridine derivative.Noticeable photofading of the sensitizers was detected when photolyzed in the absence of the contaminants,within typical irradiation times employed for the hydroxyaromatics degradation.","palabras_clave":"HUMIC ACID|HYDROXYAROMATICS|RIBOBLAVIN|PHOTOOXIDATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113630,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tumor location and parameter estimation by thermography","resumen":"In non-invasive thermal diagnostics, accurate correlations between the   thermal image on skin surface and interior human physiology are often   desired, which require general solutions for the bioheat equation. In   this study an estimation methodology is presented to determine unknown   thermophysical or geometrical parameters of a tumor region using the   temperature profile on the skin surface that may be obtained by infrared   thermography. To solve these inverse problems a second order finite   difference scheme was implemented to solve the bioheat Pennes equation   with mixed boundary conditions in two and three dimensions. Then, the   Pattern Search algorithm was used to estimate the different parameters   by minimizing a fitness function involving the temperature profiles   obtained from simulated or clinical data to those obtained by the finite   different scheme.","palabras_clave":"BIOHEAT TRANSFER|NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSTICS|FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD|INVERSE PROBLEM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113631,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of P27 -P55 operon from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the resistance to toxic compounds","resumen":"Background: The P27-P55 (lprG-Rv1410c) operon is crucial for the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the  causative agent of human tuberculosis, during infection in mice. P55 encodes an efflux pump that has been shown  to provide Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG with resistance to several drugs, while P27  encodes a mannosylated glycoprotein previously described as an antigen that modulates the immune response  against mycobacteria. The objective of this study was to determine the individual contribution of the proteins  encoded in the P27-P55 operon to the resistance to toxic compounds and to the cell wall integrity of M. tuberculosis.  Method: In order to test the susceptibility of a mutant of M. tuberculosis H37Rv in the P27-P55 operon to malachite  green, sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethidium bromide, and first-line antituberculosis drugs, this strain together with the  wild type strain and a set of complemented strains were cultivated in the presence and in the absence of these  drugs. In addition, the malachite green decolorization rate of each strain was obtained from decolorization curves  of malachite green in PBS containing bacterial suspensions.  Results: The mutant strain decolorized malachite green faster than the wild type strain and was hypersensitive to  both malachite green and ethidium bromide, and more susceptible to the first-line antituberculosis drugs: isoniazid  and ethambutol. The pump inhibitor reserpine reversed M. tuberculosis resistance to ethidium bromide. These  results suggest that P27-P55 functions through an efflux-pump like mechanism. In addition, deletion of the P27-P55  operon made M. tuberculosis susceptible to sodium dodecyl sulfate, suggesting that the lack of both proteins  causes alterations in the cell wall permeability of the bacterium. Importantly, both P27 and P55 are required to  restore the wild type phenotypes in the mutant.  Conclusions: The results clearly indicate that P27 and P55 are functionally connected in processes that involve the  preservation of the cell wall and the transport of toxic compounds away from the cells.","palabras_clave":"MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS|LPRG|P55|P27"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113632,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Knock out mutation of p27\u2013p55 operon severely reduces replication of Mycobacterium bovis in a macrophagic cell line and survival in a mouse model of infection.","resumen":"Integrity of p27-p55 operon has been demonstrated to be crucial for replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the mainagent of human tuberculosis, in the mouse model of infection. However, the individual contribution of each gene of theoperon for the virulence of pathogenic Mycobacterium spp. still remains unclear. The operon is formed by two genes, p27and p55. p27 gene encodes a lipoprotein that binds triacylated glycolipids and modulates the host immune responses byinhibiting the MHC -II Ag processing. Besides, p55 encodes an efflux pump that, together with P27, is involved in resistanceto drugs. In this study, we evaluated the individual contribution of P27 and P55 to the virulence of Mycobacterium bovis,the etiological agent for bovine tuberculosis.Knockout mutation of p27-p55 operon in M. bovis severely decreased the virulence of the bacteria when assessed ina progressive model of pulmonary tuberculosis in Balb\/c mice. In addition, the mutant strain showed poor replicationin a murine macrophagic cell line. Virulence and intracellular replication were only restored when the mutant strain wascomplemented with a copy of the whole operon. The reintroduction of p55 into the mutant strain partially restored thevirulence of the bacteria while no complementation was achieved with p27 individual gene.","palabras_clave":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis|lprG|VIRULENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113633,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Increased IL-17 expression is associated with pathology in a bovine model of tuberculosis","resumen":"The identification of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) biomarkers in specific stages of the disease will contribute to a better understanding of the immunopathology associated with tuberculosis and to improve the disease diagnosis and prognosis. The aim of this study was to understand the changing profile of the immune responses during the course of infection and to identify biomarkers associated with pathology. Here we describe the immune response developed in experimentally infected cattle with field Mycobacterium bovis strains. Blood samples were taken from each animal at different time points after M. bovis intratracheal infection and lymphocyte subset activation and cytokine mRNA expression were determined from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to purified protein derivative (PPDB). We found that CD4 and CD8 activation during the early stages of infection, together with IL-17 gene expression, were positively associated with pathology. The results of this study provide evidences of the role of IL-17 in the immunopathology of tuberculosis and support the use of IL-17 as a potential biomarker with predictive value of prognosis in bTB.","palabras_clave":"Mycobacterium bovis|Cattle|Experimental infection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113634,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preparation and characterization of CuFe2O4 bulk catalysts","resumen":"            This work is devoted to the investigation of the influence of the preparation process on the physical\u2013chemical properties of a copper spinel applied as catalyst for hydrocarbon (HC) oxidation. Samples of CuFe2O4 mixed oxide belonging to the inverted spinel type structure have been obtained by high temperature solid state reaction and by wet chemical synthesis methods, applying nitrate and citrate precursor procedures, within the thermal range from 150 to700 ºC. The bulk catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR, FTIR, SEM-EDX, TEM and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Propane combustion was performed asareactiontest. In this work it is demonstrated that the calcination temperature and chemical synthesis affect the crystal properties and cation distribution in the spinel structure, microstructure, surface area and reducibility; which are among the most relevant physical chemical properties for the catalytic activity. The materials obtained by wet chemical procedure, through nitrate and citrate routes, are better suited for propane combustion.This feature &nbsp;is assigned to the microstructure, to the presence of nanometric size particles and also to the cation distributions in the spinel sublattices of these materials.","palabras_clave":"CuFe spinel|Bulk catalyst|Synthesis|Characterization|Structureproperties correlation|Catalytic propane combustion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113635,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"K-S Relationship identification  technique by  EBSD","resumen":"This paper focuses on the identification of activated slip system in flat specimens of hotand cold-rolled UNS S32750 DSS plates subjected to low-cycle fatigue, paying particular attention on the existence of the K-S relationship. Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) technique was used to determine the local crystallographic properties of both phases. Although 27182 couples of alpha-gamma grains were analyzed, the crystallographic K-S relationships were rarely observed between them. As a conclusion, it was observed that microcracks were mostly nucleated at grain boundaries and rarely at the extrusions","palabras_clave":"LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE|DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL|KURDJUMOV-SACHS RELATIONSHIP|EBSD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113636,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genome-wide analysis of peptidase content and expression in a virulent and attenuated Babesia bovis strain pair","resumen":"Identifying virulence determinants in Apicomplexan parasites remains a major gap in knowledge for members within this phylum. We hypothesized that peptidases would segregate with virulence between a virulent parent Babesia bovis strain and an attenuated daughter strain derived by rapid in vivo passage. Using the complete genome sequence of the virulent T2Bo strain, 66 peptidases were identified and active sites confirmed. The presence, sequence identity and expression levels were tested for each of the 66 peptidases in the virulent parent and attenuated daughter T2Bo strains using whole genome, targeted sequencing approaches and microarrays analyses. Quantitative PCR revealed that there was no significant difference in peptidase expression between the virulent and attenuated strains. We conclude that while peptidases may well play a required role in B. bovis pathogenesis, neither loss of peptidase gene content nor reduced gene expression underlies the loss of virulence associated with in vivo passage and attenuation.","palabras_clave":"Babesia bovis|Apicomplexans |Peptidases|Transcriptome|Virulence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113637,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Crystal structure refinement, spectroscopic study and magnetic properties of yttrium hexacyanoferrate (III)","resumen":"Y[Fe(CN)6]&#1113088;4H2O has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure was refined by Rietveld analysis using X-ray powder diffraction data. Y[Fe(CN)6]&#1113088;4H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system, space group Cmcm. Y3+ ion is eight-coordinated forming a bicapped distorted trigonal prism YN6O2. Fe3+ ion is six-coordinated in the form of an irregular octahedra FeC6 group and cyanide linkages between YN6O2 and FeC6 groups build an infinite polymeric array. The vibrational spectrum shows two bands corresponding to antisymmetric and symmetric stretching 12C14N in the CN stretching region. These bands are accompanied by four weak isotopic bands at lower frequency due to the presence of 13C and 15N in relative natural abundance. The HOH bending band split into three bands around 1600 cm&#1113089;1 due to the presence of two kinds of water molecules in the structure. The thermal decompo- sition has been followed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy and powder XRD. The size and morphology of the complex and its thermal decomposition products were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The magnetic measurements confirm that Y[Fe(CN)6]&#1113088;4H2O shows an antiferromagnetic order at low temperatures.","palabras_clave":"HEXACYANOFERRATE (III)|POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION|RIETVELD ANALYSIS|INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY|THERMAL ANALYSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113638,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The introduction of different lineages of Aedes aegypti in Argentina","resumen":"Based on sequence analysis of the mitochondrial gene ND4, we determined the presence inArgentina of 3 haplotypes representing different Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti lineages previously identified in other countries of the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Haplotype 17, the most frequent in Argentina, was previously detected in Brazil. Haplotype 7, restricted in our study to the northwest of Argentina and Bolivia, was formerly found in low frequency in the USA, Brazil, Mexico, and Senegal. Also haplotype 11, belongingto a different haplogroup than the other two, was observed in the present study; it had been reported before in Africa and Asia, but not in the Americas. The coexistence of haplotypes belonging to divergent haplogroups supports the hypothesis of multiple introductions of the species in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Aedes aegytpi|mtDNA lineages|Dengue"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113639,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preparation of monospecific anti-PAG antibodies for cattle pregnancy detection: use of synthetic peptides to improve specificity","resumen":"Immunological methods involving pregnancy associ-ated glycoproteins (PAG) are used for cattle preg-nancy detection. The faults of these methods could be overcomed by using antibodies specific for each member of the PAG family. In order to differentiate between very similar proteins, preparation of anti-bodies specific for peptides is a method of choice. In this work, we summarize a series of considerations regarding peptide design and choose free access NCBI, Antigenicity Plot, EMBOSS Antigenic and Expasy tools to apply them. We design peptides spe-cific for different reported PAG members and obtain the corresponding polyclonal antibodies for five of them.","palabras_clave":"Anti-peptides|Antibodies|pregnancy|cattle"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113640,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El Museo Marc, la historia de una dirigencia","resumen":"REVISTA INDIZADA EN LATINDEX. BINPAR-CAYCIT y Red de Publicaciones de la ALADI. El concepto de museo invariablemente lleva, a la idea de la cultura, y a las distintas interpretaciones de la misma en un espacio y tiempo determinado. El Museo Histórico Provincial de Rosario Dr. Julio Marc refleja las aspiraciones de un grupo de dirigentes de la ciudad conformada en la primera mitad del siglo XX, (una definida red de empresarios, productores, catedráticos y políticos con identidad de intereses y objetivos) y de una época floreciente en el rescate del patrimonio histórico. A muy poco de abrir sus puertas, y gracias a las colecciones privadas que lo conformaron, pasó a ser en un referente entre sus similares de América Latina. El artículo hace eje en la actuación de Julio Marc, como catedrático de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Comerciales y Políticas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral.","palabras_clave":"Historia|Rosario|Intelectuales|Cultura"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113641,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"S100A7 is present in human sperm and a homologous pig sperm protein interacts with sperm binding glycoprotein (SBG)","resumen":"In sows, the oviductal sperm-binding glycoprotein (SBG), which binds to theperiacrosomal region of boar sperm, has been shown to be involved in spermselection. In this work, we isolated porcine sperm proteins that interact withSBG. One of them is identified as a homologue of human S100A7 (psoriasin).Anti-human S100A7 antibodies show that this homologous protein localises tothe head of sperm. The isolation of a homologue of S100A7 based on affinityto SBG and its localisation at the head of sperm leads us to suggest thatS100A7\u2019s homologous protein may be involved in the negative selection ofsperm by SBG in pigs. Human S100A7 shows antibacterial properties, particu-larly over Escherichia coli, a species that has demonstrated deleterious effects onhuman sperm. We searched for S100A7 in human sperm and found that it ispresent and localises at the acrosomal region. Thus, we report the presence ofS100A7 in human sperm and of a homologous protein in pig, with similarlocalisations. In humans, an antimicrobial role seems likely for psoriasin; inporcine sperm the studied protein binds to SBG suggesting a function in spermselection, but an antimicrobial function cannot be ruled out.","palabras_clave":"psoriasina|espermatozoide|S100A7"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113642,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of combining biological treatment and activated carbon on hexavalent chromium reduction","resumen":"The objectives of the present work were: (a) to analyze the Cr(VI) removal by combining activated sludge (AS) with powdered activated carbon (PAC), (b) to analyze the effect of PAC and Cr(VI) on the growth kinetics of activated sludge, and (c) to determine if the combined method (AS-PAC) for Cr(VI) removal can be considered additive or synergistic with respect to the individual processes. Chromate removal was improved by increasing PAC concentrations in both PAC and AS-PAC systems. Cr(VI) removal using the AS-PAC system was higher than using AS or PAC. The increase of Cr(VI) caused longer lag phase and lower observed specific growth rate (lobs), biomass yield (YX\/S), and specific growth substrate consumption rate (qS) of activated sludge; additionally, PAC did not enhance the growth kinetic parameters (lobs, YX\/S, qS). Cr(VI) reduction in AS-PAC system was the result of the additive effect of each individualCr(VI) removal process.","palabras_clave":"CHROMIUM|ACTIVATED SLUDGE|ACTIVATED CARBON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113643,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biological Cr(VI) removal coupled with  biomass growth, biomass decay, and multiple substrate limitation","resumen":"In this work, a mathematical model for the biological reduction of Cr(VI), carbon andnitrogen sources consumption, and biomass growth under fully aerobic conditions wasdeveloped. The model comprises three types of aerobic heterotrophic cells (non-growingcells, growing cells with chromate reductase activity, and growing cells that have lost thechromate reductase activity), and five soluble compounds (organic substrate, ammonianitrogen, non-metabolizable soluble products, dissolved oxygen, and hexavalent chromium).Two processes are considered responsible for the reduction of Cr(VI). The first oneis the reduction of Cr(VI) coupled with growth, the second process is coupled with theendogenous decay of the biomass. The model was calibrated using the results obtained inbatch cultures in the absence of carbon and nitrogen sources, using different initial Cr(VI)concentrations (0-100 mgCr\/L), two carbon sources (cheese whey and lactose), anddifferent initial nitrogen to carbon ratio (0-50 mgN\/gCOD). The calibrated model wasused to calculate steady-state values of TSS, soluble COD, TAN and Cr(VI) in continuoussystems, obtaining a good agreement with the experimental data. The model also accuratelypredicted the transient concentration of Cr(VI) as a function of time in response tostep changes of the inlet Cr(VI) concentration in continuous systems.","palabras_clave":"Cr(VI) REDUCTION|CHROMIUM TOXICITY|KINETIC PARAMETER|ACTIVATED SLUDGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113644,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Monitoring the ozonation of phenol solutions at constant pH by different methods","resumen":"In this study the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and the proton production (Hp) profiles as a function of time were proposed as indicators to monitor the ozonation of phenol solutions at constant pH. Analysis of the ozone gas outlet stream (XO3), COD, and phenol measurements in the aqueous phase confirm the reliability of the proposed indicators. Results show that the derivative with respect to time of the normalized ozone gas outlet concentration ((1\/XO30)dXO3\/dt), of the oxidation-reduction potential (dORP\/dt) or of its logarithmic value (dLog(ORP)\/dt), and of the proton production rate (dHp\/dt) exhibited maximum values that were close to the critical ozonation time (tc) determined by XO3, COD, and phenol measurements. Additionally, ORP and XO3 measurements were useful to determine tc for all the tested pHs (5 to 11); however, Hp was useful only for pH values higher than 9. The indicators of the ozonation process proposed in the present work (ORP, Hp) as alternatives of XO3 may be useful to control the addition of ozone, minimizing the ozonation process costs.","palabras_clave":"ozonation|phenol|COD|ORP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113645,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inhibitory effects of anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor strategies in experimental dopamine resistant prolactinomas","resumen":"Prolactin-secreting adenomas are the most frequent typeamong pituitary tumors, and pharmacological therapy with dopamineagonists remains the mainstay of treatment. But someadenomas are resistant, and a decrease in the number orfunction of dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) has been describedin these cases. D2R knockout [Drd2(\/)] mice have chronichyperprolactinemia and pituitary hyperplasia and provide anexperimental model for dopamine agonist-resistant prolactinomas.We described previously that disruption of D2Rs increasesvascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression.We therefore designed two strategies of antiangiogenesis usingprolactinomas generated in Drd2(\/) female mice: direct intra-adenoma VEGF-TRAP injection for 3 weeks [into subcutaneouslytransplanted pituitaries from Drd2(\/) mice] and systemicVEGF neutralization with the specific monoclonalantibody G6-31. Both strategies resulted in substantial decreaseof prolactin content and lactotrope area, and a reductionin tumor size was observed in in situ prolactinomas. There weresignificant decreases in vascularity, evaluated by cluster ofdifferentiation molecule 31 vessel staining, and proliferation(proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining) in response to bothanti-VEGF treatments. These data demonstrate that the antiangiogenicapproach was effective in inhibiting the growth of insitu dopamine-resistant prolactinomas as well as in the transplantedadenomas. No differences in VEGF protein expressionwere observed after either anti-VEGF treatment, and, althoughserum VEGF was increased in G6-31-treated mice, pituitaryactivation of the VEGF receptor 2 signaling pathway was reduced.Our results indicate that, even though the role of angiogenesisin pituitary adenomas is contentious, VEGF mightcontribute to adequate vascular supply and represent a supplementarytherapeutic target in dopamine agonist-resistantprolactinomas.","palabras_clave":"PROLACTINOMA|VEGF|DOPAMINE|PITUITARY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113646,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunoendocrinology of the thymus in Chagas disease","resumen":"During immune response to infectious agents, the host develops an inflammatory response which could fails to eliminate the pathogen or could become dysregulated. In this case, the ongoing response acquires a new status and may become detrimental. The same elements taking part in the establishment and regulation of the inflammatory response (cytokines, chemokines, regulatory T cells and counteracting compounds like glucocorticoids -GCs-) could also mediate harmful effects. Thymic disturbances seen during T. cruzi infection fit well with this conceptual framework. After infection, this organ suffers a severe atrophy due to apoptosis-induced thymocyte exhaustion, mainly affecting the immature double positive CD4+CD8+ (DP) population. Thymus cellularity depletion also occurs in the absence of mainly immunological mediators involved in anti Trypanosoma cruzi defense; but seems to be linked to a systemic cytokine\/hormonal imbalance, involving a deregulated increase in TNF-a and corticosterone hormone levels. Additionally, we have been found an anomalous exit of potentially autoimmune DP cells to periphery, in parallel to a shrink in the compartment of naturally regulatory T cells.In this context, our data clearly point to the idea that the thymus is a target organ of T. cruzi infection. Preserved thymus may be essential for the development of an effective immune response against T. cruzi, but this organ is severely affected by a deregulated circuit of proinflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoids, whereas the changes observed in the DP population might have potential implications for the autoimmune component of human Chagas disease.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Thymus|Immunoendocrinology|Chagas disease"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113647,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Presence of p24-Antigen Associated to Erythrocyte in HIV-Positive Individuals Even in Patients with Undetectable Plasma Viral Load","resumen":"Background: HIV adherence to erythrocytes has been demonstrated in vitro, and it has been suggested that erythrocytes  may be carriers of the virus. However, the association between HIV particles or viral proteins and erythrocytes in HIVinfected individuals is still to be elucidated.  Methodology\/Principal Findings: HIV-positive participants (n = 112) were classified into two groups according to values of  three plasma viral loads (pVL) determined during the 12-month period prior to the study. The first group included 71  individuals with detectable pVL, whereas the second group included 41 individuals with undetectable pVL. Plasma viral  load, erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen and p24-antigen in plasma were determined at the moment of the study. A total  of 51 out of the 71 patients with detectable pVL showed erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen whereas 13 showed p24-antigen in plasma. Twenty-two out of the 51 patients with erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen showed pVL,10,000 copies\/ml  and undetectable p24-antigen in plasma. The data indicates that the amount of erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen was not  related to p24-antigen in plasma or pVL levels in this group. Among the 41 patients with prior undetectable pVL, eight  presented detectable pVL and erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen at the moment of the study. The other 33 showed  undetectable pVL and five of these presented erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen. A positive relationship was found  between the presence of erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen and the detectable pVL at the moment of the study  (p,0.00001). Even more, in another series of assays, a detectable viral load associated to erythrocytes was determined and it  was always accompanied by erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen detection.  Conclusions\/Significance: This study demonstrates the presence of erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen in HIV-infected  individuals. Since erythrocyte-associated p24-antigen is not always related to pVL or p24-antigen in plasma, erythrocyteassociated p24-antigen showed viral expression not represented in plasma. Therefore, the determination of erythrocyteassociated p24-antigen may contribute to better understand the kinetics and\/or evolution of HIV infection.","palabras_clave":"HIV|P24 ANTIGEN|ERYTHROCYTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113648,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"MUJERES TRABAJADORAS SEXUALES EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO SOCIO DEMOGRÁFICO Y PREVALENCIA DE HIV","resumen":"Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la prevalencia del VIH y T. pallidum en las mujeres trabajadoras sexuales (MTS) de Argentina.&nbsp; Métodos: Entre octubre de 2006 y diciembre de 2009 se realizó un estudio de corte transversal y un muestreo por conveniencia en MTS de nueve ciudades de Argentina. &nbsp; Resultados: Un total de 1255 mujeres participaron de este estudio. Las características epidemiológicas más destacadas de las MTS fueron: un alto porcentaje de abuso sexual, el escaso uso de preservativos con parejas sexuales no comerciales y un alto porcentaje de situaciones de violencia. La prevalencia del VIH fue del 2% (25\/1 255, IC95% 1,2-2,8)&nbsp; y la de T. pallidum del 22,4% (245\/1 094, IC95% 19,9-24,9). En las mujeres de la ciudad de La Plata, la prevalencia del VIH fue significativamente menor comparada con las MTS estudiadas en el resto del país (0,3% vs 2,7%, p&lt;0,05, respectivamente). Conclusiones: Además de realizar un monitoreo sobre la prevalencia de la infección por VIH y T. pallidum, este trabajo aporta nuevos conocimientos en relación a las situaciones que llevan a la vulnerabilidad de las MTS. La menor prevalencia del VIH y la alta tasa de uso de preservativos informado por las mujeres de La Plata indican que la presencia de un centro de salud \u201Camigable\u201D para las trabajadoras sexuales influiría directamente en la disminución de sus conductas de riesgo y, por ende, en la infección por VIH. ","palabras_clave":"mujeres trabajadoras sexuales|HIV|treponema pallidum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113649,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Significantly Longer Envelope V2 Loops Are Characteristic of Heterosexually Transmitted Subtype B HIV-1 in Trinidad","resumen":"BACKGROUND: In Trinidad and the wider Caribbean, subtype B Human Immunodeficiency Virus-type 1 (HIV-1B) overwhelmingly accounts for HIV infection among heterosexuals; this contrasts with the association of HIV-1B with homosexual transmission and injecting drug use globally. The HIV envelope contains genetic determinants of cell tropism and evasion from immune attack. In this study we investigate the genetic properties of the env V1-C4 of HIV-1B soon after transmission to Trinidadian heterosexuals. This will reveal distinctive genetic features of the strains that cause the HIV-1B epidemic in Trinidad and generate insights to better understand their properties. METHODOLOGY\/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Quasispecies sampling was performed on the env V1-C4 of HIV-1B strains soon after transmission to heterosexual Trinidadians in a cohort of seroconverters. Phylogenetic relationships were determined for these quasispecies and the length and number of asparagine (N) linked glycosylation sites (NLGS) in their variable loops compared to that for HIV-1B globally. Signature amino acids within the constant domains of the env V1-C4 were identified for heterosexually transmitted HIV-1B from Trinidad relative to HIV-1B globally. HIV-1B obtained from Trinidadian heterosexuals soon after seroconversion had significantly longer V2 loops with one more glycosylation site, shorter V3 loops and no significant difference in V1 or V4 when compared to HIV-1B obtained soon after seroconversion from infected individuals in the rest of the world. HIV-1B soon after seroconversion and during chronic infection of Trinidadians was not significantly different, suggesting that distinctly long V2 loops are characteristic of HIV-1B in Trinidad. A threonine deletion at position 319 (T319-) along with the substitutions R315K and S440R were found to be distinctly associated with HIV-1B from Trinidad compared to HIV-1B globally. CONCLUSIONS: This finding of distinctive genetic features that are characteristic of HIV-1B strains from Trinidad is consistent with the Trinidad epidemic being established by a founder strain or closely related founder strains of HIV-1B.","palabras_clave":"HIV|envelope"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113650,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Human Papilloma virus genotype diversity of anal infection among trans (male to female transvestites, transsexuals or transgender) sex workers in Argentina","resumen":"BACKGROUND:Reports on the prevalence and genotypes of HPV among trans (male to female transvestites, transsexuals or transgender) sex workers (TSW) are scarce in the literature.OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to determine the infecting HPV genotypes among TSW in Argentina.STUDY DESIGN:119 TSW were recruited. Anal cells were self collected with a cytobrush. HPV DNA detection was carried out by PCR and genotyping was performed by RLB.RESULTS:HPV prevalence was 97.4%. 103\/111 HPV positive samples were genotyped. High risk genotypes were detected in 82.5%. Two or more coinfecting HPV genotypes were found in 70.9%. One case showed up to 10 different coinfecting types. The number of genotypes was not related to condom usage. Infection rates were similar for HIV positive (100%) and HIV negative (95.8%) participants. However, 18.8% of HIV negative had 4-9 different genotypes, while among HIV positive this percentage raised to 46.2% (p=0.006). Prevalence of high risk genotypes and the frequency of each high risk type were similar between HIV positive and HIV negative groups. According to the participants' answers HIV status showed no association with condom usage.CONCLUSIONS:The high HPV prevalence, the coinfection with multiple genotypes and the high frequency of high risk genotypes detected, together with a situation of extreme social marginalization, discrimination and stigmatization make this population to be of extreme vulnerability.","palabras_clave":"HPV|GENOTYPES|TRANSGENDER (M TO F) SEX WORKERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113651,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant response of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) hairy roots after phenol treatment","resumen":"Phenol is released to the environment from a wide variety of industrial effluents and it causes severe problems to human health and ecosystem. In the present study, we determined that Nicotiana tabacum hairy roots (HRs) double transgenic (DT) for two peroxidase genes (tpx1 and tpx2) showed higher phenol removal efficiency than wild type (WT) HRs after 120 h of phenol treatment at the expense of endogenous H(2)O(2). Besides, to determine whether phenol could induce oxidative stress on tobacco HRs, we analyzed the antioxidant response, superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) localization and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Both HRs treated with phenol, showed significant increases in peroxidase (PX) activity mainly at the end of the assay (120 h) being PX activity from transgenic HRs 40% higher than that of WT HRs. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities showed significant increases from 24 to 120 h of phenol treatment. PX, SOD and APX isoforms were also analyzed and slight changes were observed only in PX patterns. Both HRs showed significant differences in total glutathione (TGSH) content during treatment, being higher in DT HRs than in WT HRs. At the end of the assay, a greater accumulation of O(2)(-) in different root zones was observed in WT and DT HRs. Moreover, phenol was able to increase the MDA levels in WT HRs from 48 to 120 h of the treatment, but no significant changes were observed in DT HRs. Results suggest that under these experimental conditions, DT HRs would be more tolerant to phenol than WT HRs.","palabras_clave":"Oxidative stress  |Transgenic hairy roots|Phenol"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113652,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Olrog-s Gull (Larus atlanticus) attending high-seas trawlers during the breeding season","resumen":"We report sightings of the Olrog´s Gull (Larus atlanticus) obtained during observations of the interaction between commercial high-seas trawl fisheries and seabirds off Argentina. In late spring 2009, up to eight individuals (both adult and sub-adult birds) were noted feeding on fishery discard of an ice-trawler operating in waters relative close to the El Rincón estuary. This is the first record of Olrog´s Gull exploiting discards from high-seas fisheries 120 nautical miles off the coastline during the breeding season","palabras_clave":"Gaviota de Olrog|Pesquerias de arrastre|interacciones"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113653,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Secular Dynamics of Planetesimals in Tight Binary Systems: Application  to $\\gamma$-Cephei","resumen":"The secular dynamics of massless particles in tight binary systems play a fundamental role in establishing the possibility of accretional collisions in such extreme systems. The most important secular parameters are the forced eccentricity and the secular frequency, which depend on the initial conditions of the particle as well as on the mass and orbital parameters of the secondary star.We construct a second-order theory (with respect to the masses) for the secular motion and deduce new expressions for the forced eccentricity and secular frequency. We also reanalyze the radial velocity data available for $gamma$-Cephei and present a series of orbital solutions leading to residuals compatible with the best fits. Finally, we discuss how different orbital configurations for $gamma$-Cephei may affect the dynamics of small planetesimals in circumstellar motion.The secular theory is constructed using a Lie series perturbation scheme, while the analysis of the orbital fits is done with a minimization code based on a genetic algorithm. For $gamma$-Cephei, we find that the classical first-order expressions for the secular quantities lead to large inaccuracies for semimajor axis larger than $sim 0.1$ the orbital separation between the stellar components. Small eccentricities and\/or masses reduce these discrepancies. The dynamics of small planetesimals only show a weak dependence with the orbital fits of the stellar components. The same result is also found including the effects of a nonlinear gas drag. Thus, it appears that the possibility of planetary formation in this binary system should not be significantly modified by any future modifications in the system parameters.","palabras_clave":"planets and satellites: formation|stars: binaries: $\\gamma$-Cephei"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113654,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Antibacterial activity of anthraquinone derivatives from Heterophyllaea pustulata (Rubiaceae)'","resumen":"Photosensitizing anthraquinones isolated from Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook f. (Rubiaceae), namely soranjidiol, rubiadin, damnacanthal and 5,5´-bisoranjidiol, showed antibacterial activity (bacteriostatic\/bactericide) on Staphylococcus aureus. The mechanism of action seems to involve an increase in the levels of superoxide anion (O-2 ) and\/or singlet molecular oxygen (1O2). Moreover, the effect of actinic irradiation as a boosting agent for the production of both reactive species of oxygen as well as its influence on antibacterial activity was assessed. The routine susceptibility assay (minimum inhibitory concentration determination) was carried out by means of the broth macrodilution method. Bactericide activity was determined counting the colony-forming units per milliliter (cfu\/mL) in plate. The O-2 production was determined by means of an indirect photobiological assay (Nitroblue Tetrazolium test), and the production of 1O2 was followed using an indirect steady-state method, with methionine as the 1O2 chemical quencher.","palabras_clave":"antraquinonas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113655,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Peroxy ethoxyformyl nitrate, CH3CH2OC(O)OONO2. Spectroscopic and thermal characterization","resumen":"Synthesis of CH3CH2OC(O)OONO2 was carried out from the photolysis of a mixture of ethyl formate (CH3CH2OC(O)H), Cl2, NO2, and O2 at 253K using UV radiation. It was characterized by IR, UV spectroscopy,and mass spectrometry. Thermal decomposition was studied between 279 and 301 K, at totalpressures of 1 atm. The pressure dependence of the reaction rate constant was studied at 298K from 7 to 1000 mbar. The activation energy was determined at a total pressure of 1 atm, ensuring that kinetic studies were performed in the high pressure limit. The DFT method [B3LYP\/6.31++G(d,p)] was used to identify the most stable rotamer as well as its geometric parameters and energetics.At room temperature, CH3CH2OC(O)OONO2 is stable for several days in the gas state, as revealed by its measured lifetime. The atmospheric implications of this finding are discussed.","palabras_clave":"Peroxynitrate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113656,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Atmospheric Chemistry of 2-Ethyl Hexanal: Photochemistry and Oxidation in the Presence of NO2","resumen":"The photolysis and oxidation mechanism of 2-ethyl hexanal (C4H9CH(C2H5)C(O)H\u20142-Ethal) have been investigated. The UV absorption cross sections were recorded over the range 200\u2013350 nm at 298 K. The quantum yield for photolysis at 254 nm was determined to be 0.51 ± 0.09. Photolysis of 2-Ethal occurs by two primary paths: a concerted elimination path and a radical formation path, the latter being the main path. CO, heptane, 3-heptanol, and 3-heptanone were identified as the main products.The rate constant for the reaction with Cl atoms was determined using the relative rate technique with isopentane and cyclohexane as reference gases. The average rate constant obtained was k = (2.8 ± 0.9) × 10&#8722;10 cm3 molecule&#8722;1 s&#8722;1. The most important path in the oxidation mechanism was the acyl radical forming channel, which was corroborated by the analysis of the products formed via photolysis in the presence of NO2. Those products were CO2, CO, peroxyacetyl nitrate, peroxypropionyl nitrate, and ethyl nitrate.","palabras_clave":"2-Ethyl hexanal|Peroxy nitrates|Photochemistry|Atmospheric oxidation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113657,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Integrated approach for interpreting browning rate dependence with relative humidity in dehydrated fruits","resumen":"Maillard reaction is relevant to define dehydrated food stability. The objective of this work was to evaluate the browning development in freeze-dried fruits as a function of relative humidity (RH) in relation to the physical properties of fruit materials. Intact tissue discs of melon and pear were freeze-dried and equilibrated in a broad RH range. The changes in reflectance were analyzed using a computer vision system, which was appropriate to determine the appearance changes during storage of dehydrated fruits. Time resolved 1H NMR, thermal transitions, structural collapse and water sorption isotherms were evaluated. The browning rate versus RH curve presented a bell shape which could be related to the information provided by the determinations of the physical properties. The results allowed the integration of water sorption information, 1H NMR relaxation times, T-Tg, and structural collapse to interpret the browning rate versus RH behavior of fruit systems. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.","palabras_clave":"BROWNING|IMAGE ANALYSIS|PHYSICAL PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113658,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The classical skeleton of open quantum chaotic maps","resumen":"We have studied two complementary decoherence measures, purity and fidelity, for a generic diffusive noise in two different chaotic systems (the baker map and the cat map). For both quantities, we have found classical structures in quantum mechanics\u2013the scar functions\u2013that are specially stable when subjected to environmental perturbations. We show that these quantum states constructed on classical invariants are the most robust significant quantum distributions in generic dissipative maps.","palabras_clave":"QUANTUM CHAOS|SCAR FUNCTIONS|OPEN QUANTUM MAPS|DECOHERENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113659,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Obtaining new germplasm in Cenchrus ciliaris L. through induced-mutation and in vitro selection","resumen":"Cenchrus ciliaris L., a forage grass of wide distribution in the north-west of Argentina, is a tetraploid (4x = 36) and obligate apomictic species. One way of obtaining novel germplasm is by induced  mutations. In this work, physical and chemical mutations are combined with in vitro selection procedures seeking for new germplasm,  with emphasis on salinity and drought tolerance. Mature seeds of Cenchrus ciliaris L. cv Biloela were subjected to treatments with X rays (400 Gy) and ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) water solution (5.5 mM for 24 h). To perform in vitro selection, after 7 days of EMS or X rays treatments, germinated seeds were transferred to tubes containing Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with NaCl or mannitol to simulate salinity and drought conditions, respectively. Fifty-four selected plants were isolated which tolerated 200 mM NaCl and 100 mM mannitol. Both mutagenic agents exhibited similar percentages of induced genetic variation measured through RAPD polymorphisms. This work demonstrated that genetic  variability can be generated in Cenchrus ciliaris L. using mutagenic  agents and in vitro selection.","palabras_clave":"CENCHRUS CILIARIS|GENETIC IMPROVEMENT|INDUCED MUTATIONS|IN VITRO SELECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113660,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Redox-active tyrosine residue in the microcin J25 molecule","resumen":"Microcin J25 (MccJ25) is a 21 amino acid lasso-peptide antibiotic produced by Escherichia coli and composedof an 8-residues ring and a terminal \u2018tail\u2019 passing through the ring. We have previously reportedtwo cellular targets for this antibiotic, bacterial RNA polymerase and the membrane respiratory chain,and shown that Tyr9 is essential for the effect on the membrane respiratory chain which leads to superoxideoverproduction. In the present paper we investigated the redox behavior of MccJ25 and the mutantMccJ25 (Y9F). Cyclic voltammetry measurements showed irreversible oxidation of both Tyr9 and Tyr20 inMccJ25, but infrared spectroscopy studies demonstrated that only Tyr9 could be deprotonated uponchemical oxidation in solution. Formation of a long-lived tyrosyl radical in the native MccJ25 oxidizedby H2O2 was demonstrated by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; this radical was notdetected when the reaction was carried out with the MccJ25 (Y9F) mutant. These results show thatthe essential Tyr9, but not Tyr20, can be easily oxidized and form a tyrosyl radical.","palabras_clave":"proteinas redox"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113661,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Toroidal Ferroelectricity in PbTiO3 Nanoparticles","resumen":"We report from &#64257;rst-principles-based atomistic simulations that ferroelectricity can be sustained inPbTiO3 nanoparticles of only a few lattice constants in size as a result of a toroidal ordering. We &#64257;nd thatsize-induced topological transformations lead to the stabilization of a ferroelectric bubble by the align-ment of vortex cores along a closed path. These transformations, which are driven by the aspect ratio ofthe nanostructure, change the topology of the polarization &#64257;eld, producing a rich variety of polarcon&#64257;gurations. For suf&#64257;ciently &#64258;at nanostructures, a multibubble state bridges the gap between 0Dnanodots and 2D ultrathin &#64257;lms. The thermal properties of the ferroelectric bubbles indicate that this stateis suitable for the development of nanometric devices.","palabras_clave":"FERROELECTRICS|NANOSTRUCTURES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113662,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"GM-CSF- and TNF-alpha-mediated matrix metalloproteinase production by human osteoblasts and monocytes upon infection with Brucella abortus","resumen":"Osteoarticular complications are common in human brucellosis, but the pathogenic mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Since matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in joint and bone damage in inflammatory and infectious diseases, we investigated the production of MMPs by human osteoblasts and monocytes, either upon Brucella abortus infection or upon reciprocal stimulation with factors produced by each infected cell type. B. abortus infection of the normal human osteoblastic cell line hFOB 1.19 triggered a significant release of MMP-2, which was mediated in part by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) acting on these same cells. Supernatants from infected osteoblasts exhibited increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and induced the migration of human monocytes (THP-1 cell line). Infection with B. abortus induced a high MMP-9 secretion in monocytes, which was also induced by heat-killed B. abortus and by the Omp19 lipoprotein from B. abortus. These effects were mediated by Toll-like receptor 2 and by the action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) produced by these same cells. Supernatants from B. abortus-infected monocytes induced MMP-2 secretion in uninfected osteoblasts, and this effect was mediated by TNF-alpha. Similarly, supernatants from infected osteoblasts induced MMP-9 secretion in uninfected monocytes. This effect was mediated by GM-CSF, which induced TNF-alpha production by monocytes, which in turn induced MMP-9 in these cells. These results suggest that MMPs could be potentially involved in the tissue damage observed in osteoarticular brucellosis.","palabras_clave":"BRUCELLA ABORTUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113663,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Proinflammatory response of human endothelial cells to Brucella infection","resumen":"Although vascular pathologies such as vasculitis, endocarditis and mycotic aneurysms have been described in brucellosis patients, the  interaction of Brucella with the endothelium has not been characterized. In this study we show that Brucella abortus and Brucella suis can infect  and replicate in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and in the microvascular endothelial cell line HMEC-1. Infection led  to an increased production of IL-8, MCP-1 and IL-6 in HUVEC and HMEC-1 cells, and an increased expression of adhesion molecules (CD54 in  both cells, CD106 and CD62E in HUVEC). Experiments with puri&#64257;ed antigens from the bacterial outer membrane revealed that lipoproteins  (Omp19) but not lipopolysaccharide mediate these proin&#64258;ammatory responses. Infection of polarized HMEC-1 cells resulted in an increased  capacity of these cells to promote the transmigration of neutrophils from the apical to the basolateral side of the monolayer, and the same  phenomenon was observed when the cells were stimulated with live bacteria from the basolateral side. Overall, these results suggest that  Brucella spp. can infect and survive within endothelial cells, and can induce a proin&#64258;ammatory response that might be involved in the vascular  manifestations of brucellosis.","palabras_clave":"BRUCELLA|ENDOTHELIAL CELLS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113664,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relative phase stability and lattice dynamics of NaNbO3 from first-principles calculations","resumen":"We report total-energy calculations for different crystal structures of NaNbO3 over a range of unit-cell volumesusing the all-electron full-potential (linearized) augmented plane-wave method. We employed both the local-density approximation (LDA) and the Wu-Cohen form of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA-WC) totest the accuracy of these functionals for the description of the complex structural behavior of NaNbO3 . We foundthat LDA not only underestimates the equilibrium volume of the system but also predicts an incorrect groundstate for this oxide. The GGA-WC functional, on the other hand, signi&#64257;cantly improves the equilibrium volumeand provides relative phase stability in better agreement with experiments. We then use the GGA-WC functionalfor the calculation of the phonon-dispersion curves of cubic NaNbO3 to identify the presence of structuralinstabilities in the whole Brillouin zone. Finally, we report comparative calculations of structural instabilities asa function of volume in NaNbO3 and KNbO3 to provide insights for the understanding of the structural behaviorof K1 Nax NbO3 solid solutions.","palabras_clave":"Ferroelectricos|Calculos ab-initio"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113665,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Problemática urbana y cambio del paradigma de bienestar. Pobreza y asistencia en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en el período neoliberal tardío","resumen":"Avances y resultados preliminares  de la investigación    La investigación que estamos llevando a cabo tiene por objetivo indagar sobre la configuración del modelo de política social en áreas de asistencia, dirigidas a población en situación de vulnerabilidad  social de la Ciudad Autónoma de Bs. As., en relación a los programas sociales vigentes del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la Ciudad, en el período 2008\/2010. Se trata de un estudio Aportes a lo público desde la investigación exploratorio donde hemos utilizado diferentes fuentes con un enfoque de triangulación entre datos de tipo estadístico, referentes a la población beneficiaria y a la aplicación del gasto social, con aspectos cualitativos captados a través de entrevistas a informantes claves en las áreas de infancia, salud y vivienda y la realización de  un grupo focal en el que participaron profesionales que trabajan en dichas áreas seleccionadas del gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Bs. As.,  en mayo del 2011.","palabras_clave":"ciudad|politicas sociales|urbano"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113666,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microcystin accumulation and antioxidant responses in the fresh water clam Diplodonchilensispatagonicus upon subchronicexposuretotoxic Microcystis aeruginosa","resumen":"We investigated the accumulation and toxicity of microcystin-LR (MCLR) in the digestive gland of the  freshwater clam Diplodon chilensis patagonicus. Treated clams were fed with a toxic strain of Microcystis  aeruginosa (NPJB1) during 6weeks and control clams received the non-toxic strain NPDC1. Filtration  rate was estimated for both groups.Toxic effects were evaluated through the hepatosomatic  index  (HSI) and different oxidative stress biomarkers, lipid peroxidation (content of thiobarbituric reactive  substances\u2013TBARS), proteinoxidation (carbonyl groups) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and  enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase(CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST).  The extractable MCLR measured by ELISA in digestive gland extracts showed little or no change during  the first 3weeks and increased significantly at weeks 5 and 6. HSI was reduced by 30% in treated clams  at weeks 5 and 6. No significant oxidative damage to lipids or proteins was observed. All the antioxidant defense  parameters analyzed were significantly increased at week 5 or 6. GSH increased in treated clams at  week 5, reaching 62% increase at week 6. SOD, CAT and GST activities were significantly increased in  treated clams by 50% ,66% and 60%, respectively, at the end of the experiment.  D. chilensis patagonicus  can be exposed to prolonged cyanobacterial blooms accumulating significant quantities of MCLR, which  could be a risk for mammals and birds, which feed on this species and, in a lesser extent, to humans.","palabras_clave":"Antioxidant defenses|Diplodon chilensis patagonicus|Microcystin accumulation|Oxidative stress"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113667,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of sewage pollution and bacterial load on growth and oxidative balance in the freshwater clam Diplodon chilensis","resumen":"The effect of chronic exposure to Escherichia coli on morphometrical parameters, different antioxidant defenses, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation has been studied in digestive gland of the freshwater mussel Diplodon chilensis in the laboratory during six weeks. In, a parallel field study, we evaluated morphometrical and oxidative stress parameters in digestive glands of mussels collected from a sewage polluted area (SMA) and from a pristine area (control). Both sites were characterized by analyzing bacteriological and physic-chemical parameters. &nbsp;In the laboratory D. chilensis was able to filter bacteria at high concentrations with a clearing rate of 0.510 ± 0.036 L\/h per gram of dry soft tissue mass. The digestive gland mass to shell length ratio (DGM\/SL), reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation, as concentration of thiobartituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity of mussels fed with bacteria were significantly higher than those of control mussels after the fourth week. Fecal bacteria in lake water samples were undetectable in the control, and higher than 24000 MPN (most probable number) \/100 mL in SMA. DGM\/SL was higher in SMA. No differences between sites were observed in total lipid and protein content, neither in superoxide dismutase activity. GSH content was higher in SMA, with no difference in the oxidized form. GST activity and MDA were significantly higher in SMA but protein oxidation was not affected. ","palabras_clave":"DIPLODON CHILENSIS|COLIFORM BACTERIA|SEWAGE POLLUTION|OXIDATIVE STRESS|ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113668,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oxidative stress and histological alterations produced by dietary copper in the fresh water bivalve Diplodon chilensis","resumen":"ABSTRACT  31 The aim of this work was to study the oxidative stress effects and histological alterations caused by dietary copper on the filter-feeding freshwater mussel Diplodon chilensis. Bivalves were fed during 6 weeks with the green algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus previously exposed to copper.  34 Metal concentration in algae cultures and bivalve digestive gland was measured by TXRF. A maximum accumulation of 0.49 &#956;g Cu\/mg protein was detected at week 6. Also at this week,the hepatosomatic index (HSI) showed the highest decrease (50%) in response to Cu exposure.  SOD and GST activities were significantly increased at weeks 4, 5 and 6, reaching an activity on average 50% higher than in controls for GST. CAT activity and GSH increased significantly at weeks 5 and 6. Despite this response, oxidative damage measured as TBARS and carbonyl groups contents increased significantly at weeks 4, 5 and 6, respectively. Digestive tubule and duct atrophy and cell-type replacement in treated mussels were observed by histological studies.  The presence of intracellular rhodanine-positive granules, suggests copper accumulation in intracellular vacuoles of digestive cells.","palabras_clave":"DIETARY COPPER|METAL BIOACCUMULATION|OXIDATIVE STRESS|ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113669,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal changes in ovarian steroid hormone concentrations in the large hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus villosus) and the crying armadillo (Chaetophractus vellerosus)","resumen":"Knowledge of armadillo reproductive physiology is essential for developing ex situ and in situ assisted reproductive techniques for propagating and\/or controlling populations of these animals. The present study included assessment of fecal sex steroids by radioimmunoassay, determining reproductive status via monitoring ovarian activity (in the wild) and therefore reproductive status, in wild females of the large hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus villosus) and the crying armadillo (Chaetophractus vellerosus) in the southern hemisphere. Plasma and fresh fecal progesterone concentrations were not significantly correlated in either species. However, in both species, there was a significant positive correlation between plasma progesterone and dry fecal progesterone concentrations (r&nbsp;= 0.82, P &lt; 0.05 and r&nbsp;= 0.60, P &lt; 0.05, respectively). Dry fecal progesterone and estradiol concentrations were measured in one captive C. villosus (average baseline progesterone and estradiol concentrations 28.72 ± 11.75 ng\/g dry feces and 3.04 ± 0.80 ng\/g dry feces, respectively) and one captive C. vellerosus (average baseline progesterone and estradiol concentrations 14.05 ± 3.03 ng\/g dry feces and 3.46 ± 1.20 ng\/g dry feces, respectively) to detect hormonal peaks over 1 y; these occurred from late fall to early summer. Feces from wild C. villosus and C. vellerosus were also collected over 1 y to determine progesterone peaks, which occurred in winter and spring in both species (with no peaks during the summer or fall). Accordingly, C. villosusand C. vellerosus had a seasonal reproductive pattern. The significant correlations between dry fecal and plasma progesterone concentrations validated this method for monitoring reproductive status in these species.                                   ","palabras_clave":"ARMADILLO|ESTRADIOL|FECES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113670,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization and probiotic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from cheeses","resumen":"Ninety-eight Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Italian and Argentinean cheeses were evaluated for probiotic potential. After a preliminary subtractive screening based on the presence of msa and bsh genes, 27 strains were characterized. In general, the selected strains showed high resistance to lysozyme, good adaptation to simulated gastric juice, and a moderate to low bile tolerance. The capacity to agglutinate yeast cells in a mannose-specific manner, as well as the cell surface hydrophobicity was found to be variable among strains. Very high b-galactosidase activity was shown by a considerable number of the tested strains, whereas variable prebiotic utilization ability was observed. Only tetracycline resistance was observed in two highly resistant strains which harbored the tetM gene, whereas none of the strains showed b-glucuronidase activity or was capable of inhibiting pathogens. Three strains (Lp790, Lp813, and Lp998) were tested by in vivo trials. A considerable heterogeneity was found among a number of L. plantarum strains screened in this study, leading to the design of multiple cultures to cooperatively link strains showing the widest range of useful traits. Among the selected strains, Lp790, Lp813, and Lp998 showed the best probiotic potential and would be promising candidates for inclusion as starter cultures for the manufacture of probiotic fermented foods.","palabras_clave":"."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113671,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A novel neutralization sensitive and subdominant RAP-1-related antigen (RRA) is expressed by Babesia bovis merozoites","resumen":"OBJECTIVE: The Babesia bovis genome encodes a rap-1 related gene denominated  RAP-1 related antigen (RRA). In this study, we analysed the pattern of  expression, immunogenicity and functional relevance of RRA.  METHODS: Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the program Phylip. Expression  of rra was analysed by Northern blots, RT-PCR, immunoprecipitation, Western blots  and immunofluorescence. RRA antigenicity was tested by T-cell proliferation and  Western blot analysis, and functional relevance was determined in an in vitro  neutralization assay.  RESULTS: RRA is more closely related to RAP-1b of Babesia bigemina than to B.  bovis RAP-1, and it is highly conserved among distinct strains. Transcriptional  analysis suggests lower numbers of rra transcripts compared to rap-1.  Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labelled B. bovis proteins with antibodies  against synthetic peptides representing predicted antigenic regions of RRA  confirmed the expression of a &#8764;43 kDa RRA in cultured merozoites. Antibodies  present in B. bovis hyperimmune sera, but not in field-infected cattle sera,  reacted weakly with recombinant RRA, and no significant stimulation was obtained   using recombinant RRA as antigen in T-cell proliferation assays, indicating that   RRA is a subdominant antigen. Antibodies against RRA synthetic peptides reacted  with merozoites using immunofluorescence, and were able to significantly inhibit   erythrocyte invasion in in vitro neutralization tests, suggesting functional  relevance for parasite survival.  CONCLUSION: B. bovis express a novel subdominant RAP-1-like molecule that may  contribute to erythrocyte invasion and\/or egression by the parasite.","palabras_clave":"Babesia Bovis|Antigeno relacionado a RAP-1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113672,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto del biocontrol fágico sobre cepas de Escherichia coli productoras de toxina shiga en productos cárnicos","resumen":"En nuestra región resulta especialmente importante controlar la diseminación de enterobacterias patógenas productoras de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos, tales como Escherichia coli productora&nbsp;de toxinas Shiga (STEC), entre otras. Las cepas de STEC son patógenos humanos emergentes que pueden causar diarrea, así como manifestaciones clínicas más severas incluyendo el Síndrome Urémico Hemolítico. En el presente trabajo proponemos a los&nbsp;bacteriofagos como herramienta de biocontrol de estas bacterias patógenas, presentes en alimentos cárnicos. Se obtuvieron 10 stocks de bacteriofagos a partir de materia fecal y se ensayó su efecto lítico sobre un panel de 103 diferentes cepas de enterobacterias patógenas y no patógenas. Entre ellos se seleccionó un fago (DT1) y se evaluó su efecto lítico utilizando como matriz carne contaminada con E. coli DH5alfa. Se identificó que el stock fágico DT1 (6 cepas sensibles) presentó un rango de hospedador más específico que el stock fágico DT6 (15 cepas sensibles). Se evaluó la reducción de células viables (CV) en carne, obtenida con la exposición al fago a diferentes temperaturas. Obtuvimos una diferencia significativa en el porcentaje de CV a las temperaturas ensayadas, observando la mayor reducción dentro de las primeras horas del ensayo; asimismo dicha reducción se vio influenciada por la concentración de fago usada, siendo más efectiva la mayor utilizada. Los resultados obtenidos indican que&nbsp;los fagos ensayados pueden ser útiles en el biocontrol de E. coli en productos cárnicos a temperaturas de refrigeración y ambiente. Sin embargo, es necesario considerar y analizar la existencia de mutantes espontáneos fagorresistentes, naturalmente presentes en la población celular, que podrían estar seleccionándose y desarrollando durante los tiempos y temperaturas mayores ensayados durante las investigaciones.","palabras_clave":"BIOCONTROL|FAGO|TOXINA |CARNICOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113673,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of heme and heme-proteins in trypanosomatid essential metabolic pathways","resumen":"Around the world trypanosomatids are known for being etiological agents of several highly disabling and often fatal diseases like Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi), leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.) and African trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma brucei). Throughout their life cycle, they must cope with diverse environmental conditions, and the mechanisms involved in these processes are crucial for their survival. In this review, we describe the role of heme in several essential metabolic pathways of these protozoans. Notwithstanding trypanosomatids lack of the complete heme biosynthetic pathway, we focus our discussion in the metabolic role played for important heme-proteins, like cytochromes. Although several genes for different types of cytochromes, involved in mitochondrial respiration, polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and sterol biosynthesis, are annotated at the Tritryp Genome Project, the encoded proteins have not yet been deeply studied. We pointed our attention into relevant aspects of these protein functions that are amenable to be considered for rational design of trypanocidal agents.","palabras_clave":"TRYPANOSOMATIDS|CYTOCHROMES|HEME-PROTEINS|STEROLS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113674,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Understanding the Allosteric Trigger for the Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Regulation of the ADP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase from Escherichia coli","resumen":"ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is the enzyme responsible for the   regulation of glycogen synthesis in bacteria. The enzyme N-terminal   domain has a Rossmann-like fold with three neighbor loops facing the   substrate ATP. In the Escherichia coli enzyme, one of those loops also   faces the regulatory site containing Lys(39), a residue involved in   binding of the allosteric activator fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and its   analog pyridoxal-phosphate. The other two loops contain Trp(113) and   Gln(74), respectively, which are highly conserved among all the   ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylases. Molecular modeling of the E. coil enzyme   showed that binding of ATP correlates with conformational changes of   the latter two loops, going from an open to a closed (substrate-bound)   form. Alanine mutants of Trp(113) or Gln(74) did not change apparent   affinities for the substrates, but they became insensitive to activation   by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. By capillary electrophoresis we found   that the mutant enzymes still bind fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, with   similar affinity as the wild type enzyme. Since the mutations did not   alter binding of the activator, they must have disrupted the   communication between the regulatory and the substrate sites. This   agrees with a regulatory mechanism where the interaction with the   allosteric activator triggers conformational changes at the level of   loops containing residues Trp(113) and Gln(74). (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson   SAS. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"Allosteric mechanism|Activation signal propagation|Regulation dynamics|ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase|Glycogen\/starch metabolism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113675,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Redox Regulation of UDP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase from Entamoeba histolytica","resumen":"Amoebiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the human pathogen Entamoeba histolytica and representing the third leading cause of death by parasites in the world. Host-parasite interactions mainly involve anchored glycoconjugates localized in the surface of the parasitic cell. In protozoa, synthesis of structural oligo- and polysaccharides occurs via UDP-glucose, generated in a reaction catalyzed by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. We report the molecular cloning of the gene coding for this enzyme from genomic DNA of E. histolytica and its recombinant expression in Escherichia coli cells. The purified enzyme was kinetically characterized, catalyzing UDP-glucose synthesis and pyrophosphorolysis with V(max) values of 95 U\/mg and 3 U\/mg, respectively, and affinity for substrates comparable to those found for the enzyme from other sources. Enzyme activity was affected by redox modification of thiol groups. Different oxidants, including diamide, hydrogen peroxide and sodium nitroprusside inactivated the enzyme. The process was completely reverted by reducing agents, mainly cysteine, dithiothreitol, and thioredoxin. Characterization of the enzyme mutants C94S, C108S, C191S, C354S, C378S, C108\/378S, M106S and M106C supported a molecular mechanism for the redox regulation. Molecular modeling confirmed the role of specific cysteine and methionine residues as targets for redox modification in the entamoebic enzyme. Our results suggest that UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a regulated enzyme in E. histolytica. Interestingly, results strongly agree with the occurrence of a physiological redox mechanism modulating enzyme activity, which would critically affect carbohydrate metabolism in the protozoon.","palabras_clave":"UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase|Entamoeba histolytica|Redox|Carbohydrate metabolism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113676,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structurally Constrained Residues Outside the Binding Motif are Essential in the Interaction of 14-3-3 and Phosphorylated Partner","resumen":"14-3-3 proteins participate in many key cellular processes after binding to disordered phospho-partners. Usually, the phosphorylated state is an essential target for the binding. Here, we show for the first time residues other than those in the 14-3-3 binding motif that are essential for the bindingbetween 14-3-3 and a phosphorylated partner. Results support that phosphorylation, although necessary, is not sufficient for 14-3-3&#8242;s complex formation, as structurally constrained anchor residues play a critical function in stabilizing the protein\u2013protein interaction.","palabras_clave":"14-3-3 proteins|Protein-protein interaction|Protein phosphorylation|Disordered proteins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113677,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Historiografía y teoría, una introducción bibliográfica (2000-2010)","resumen":"--Esta bibliografía reúne lo producido en la última década (2000-2010), en distintos idiomas y espacios, sobre teoría, metodología e historia de la historiografía. Con ella se busca proporcionar una mirada de conjunto que posibilite un estado de la cuestión y que sea herramienta para los investigadores y estudiantes interesados en dichas temáticas, dada la dispersión de la producción y la dificultad de acceso a la misma.","palabras_clave":"TEORIA DE LA HISTORIA|HISTORIOGRAFÍA|MEMORIA|USOS PÚBLICOS  DE LA HISTORIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113678,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Compilación del Dossier Pasado y presente de las Ciencias de la Educación. Campo de producción académica y práctica profesional","resumen":"El artículo se publicó como Introducción a un Dossier sobre el campo profesional de las Ciencias de la Educación en Argentina, México y Uruguay.","palabras_clave":"Profesiom|ciencias de la educacion|historia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113679,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis geométrico y legal de la traza de 'La Trochita', patrimonio histórico y cultural de la comarca serrana","resumen":"La recuperación de la traza original del ramal ferroviario 'La Trochita', es un trabajo realizado en colaboración con el municipio de Tornquist. Este tren de trocha angosta unía a lo largo de 18 km, la actual estación de Sierra de la Ventana con el Club Hotel de la Ventana. El hotel, de renombre internacional, fue construido a principios del siglo XX. En la actualidad sólo quedan sus ruinas, que junto con los puentes, alcantarillas, terraplenes y desmontes, construidos sobre la traza del tren, conforman parte de la historia local de la Comarca Serrana. Esta denominación se utiliza para identificar en el Sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires a una pujante área turística en el Sistema de Ventania entre los 38° 4´ y 38° 8´ latitud Sur y los 61°47´ y 61°56´ longitud Oeste, en la cual se encuentran comprendidas las localidades de Sierra de la Ventana y Villa Ventana pertenecientes al partido de Tornquist. El objetivo general del trabajo fue la recuperación de la traza original con el objeto de realizar un paseo temático. Para ello se realizó la búsqueda y análisis de antecedentes gráficos y analíticos, se efectuaron relevamientos y replanteos en campaña. El objetivo específico es el estudio del dominio de las tierras afectadas por la traza. Este proyecto contribuye a la toma de conciencia, de gran parte de la comunidad serrana, sobre el valor de su propio patrimonio y la necesidad de su preservación, para instaurar nuevas fuentes de turismo en la región.","palabras_clave":"TREN TROCHA ANGOSTA|RECUPERACION PATRIMONIAL|SIERRA DE LA VENTANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113680,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Entrevista: El campo en la trayectoria de los actores. Entrevista a Alfredo Furlan y Susana Avolio de Cols","resumen":"La entrevista recupera las experiencias de Alfredo Furlan y Susana Avolio de Cols, dos representantes del Campo académicos y profesional de las Ciencias de la Educación.","palabras_clave":"Campo profesional|Ciencias de la Educación|ocupación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113681,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Atributos químicos de suelos Argiudoles cultivados y no cultivados del Departamento Las Colonias (Santa Fe)","resumen":"Durante las últimas décadas la intensificación en el uso del suelo, las elevadas tasas de extracción de nutrientes y el incrementoen el uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados llevaron a marcados procesos de degradación de los suelos de la región central de Santa Fe.El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar las diferencias existentes entre suelos cultivados (SC) y sus respectivas situaciones nocultivadas (SNC) para diversos atributos químicos y biológicos. En suelos Argiudoles típicos y ácuicos del centro de Santa Fe seevaluaron, en dos profundidades (0-15 y 15-30 cm), los siguientes atributos: materia orgánica (MO), pH, bases intercambiables(calcio, magnesio, sodio y potasio) y capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC). Comparando SNC y SC, en ambas profundidades,hubo una reducción del contenido de MO (próxima a 30%), de Ca++ (20%), de Mg++ (30%) y del pH (de hasta 0,6 unidades en los0-15 cm). La capacidad de intercambio catiónico y los niveles de K+ disminuyeron significativamente sólo en los 0-15 cm, en-contrándose actualmente el 64% del potasio original. El sodio intercambiable fue el único parámetro químico que no sufrió al-teración significativa debido al uso de los suelos. Los resultados de este estudio confirmarían que los suelos Argiudoles del centrode Santa Fe sufrieron una alteración significativa de la mayoría de sus propiedades en relación a su situación prístina.","palabras_clave":"DEGRADACIÓN|PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS|PÉRDIDAS DE NUTRIENTES|ACIDIFICACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113682,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"T-cell immune responses against Env from CRF12_BF and subtype B HIV-1 show high clade specificity that can be overridden by multiclade immunizations.","resumen":"Abstract  Background: The extreme genetic diversity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) poses a daunting challenge  to the generation of an effective AIDS vaccine. In Argentina, the epidemic is characterized by the high prevalence of  infections caused by subtype B and BF variants. The aim of this study was to characterize in mice the immunogenic and  antigenic properties of the Env protein from CRF12_BF in comparison with clade B, employing prime-boost schemes with  the combination of recombinant DNA and vaccinia virus (VV) vectors.  Methodology\/Principal Findings: As determined by ELISPOT from splenocytes of animals immunized with either EnvBF or  EnvB antigens, the majority of the cellular responses to Env were found to be clade-specific. A detailed peptide mapping of  the responses reveal that when there is cross-reactivity, there are no amino acid changes in the peptide sequence or were  minimal and located at the peptide ends. In those cases, analysis of T cell polifunctionality and affinity indicated no  differences with respect to the cellular responses found against the original homologous sequence. Significantly,  application of a mixed immunization combining both clades (B and BF) induced a broader cellular response, in which the  majority of the peptides targeted after the single clade vaccinations generated a positive response. In this group we could  also find significant cellular and humoral responses against the whole gp120 protein from subtype B.  Conclusions\/Significance: This work has characterized for the first time the immunogenic peptides of certain EnvBF  regions, involved in T cell responses. It provides evidence that to improve immune responses to HIV there is a need to  combine Env antigens from different clades, highlighting the convenience of the inclusion of BF antigens in future vaccines  for geographic regions where these HIV variants circulate.","palabras_clave":"HIV|MVA|Env|Vacunas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113683,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ACUTE RETROVIRAL SYNDROME AND HIGH BASELINE VIRAL LOAD ARE PREDICTORS OF RAPID HIV PROGRESSION AMONG UNTREATED ARGENTINEAN SEROCONVERTERS","resumen":"Background: Diagnosis of primary HIV infection (PHI) has important clinical and public health implications. HAART initiation at this stage remains controversial.  Methods: Our objective was to identify predictors of disease progression among Argentinean seroconverters during the first year of infection, within a multicentre registry of PHI-patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2008. Cox regression was used to analyze predictors of progression (LT-CD4  100,000 copies\/mL were associated with progression. In multivariate analysis, only ARS and baseline VL > 100,000 copies\/mL remained independently associated; HR: 8.44 (95% CI 0.97-73.42) and 9.44  (95% CI 1.38-64.68), respectively.  Conclusions: In Argentina, PHI is associated with significant morbidity. HAART should be considered in PHI patients with ARS and high baseline VL to prevent disease progression.","palabras_clave":"Acute retroviral syndrome |viral load|rapid HIV progression|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113684,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nef Performance in Macrophages: The Master Orchestrator of Viral Persistence and Spread","resumen":"Abstract: Following transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into a new host, cells of the monocyte\/macrophage lineage play a central role in host invasion and viral replication. In particular, macrophages survive infection and support long-standing viral replication, contributing to viral persistence within the host and representing a viral reservoir in vivo. On the other hand, HIV Nef protein is a small though versatile molecule that plays an unquestioned key role in viral pathogenesis. In macrophages, Nef is able to modulate cell surface receptor expression, to intersect intracellular signaling pathways and to augment the release of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic molecules. In addition, Nef can alter macrophage phagocytic capacity, autophagy machinery and metabolism. Altogether, these Nef activities support viral replication and persistence in this cell type while at the same time favor viral dissemination. Here, we will review the newest findings describing how monocytes\/macrophages natural pathways are altered by Nef protein, highlighting how viral and host biology are perturbed in consequenceFollowing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into a new host, cells of the monocyte\/macrophage lineage play a central role in host invasion and viral replication. In particular, macrophages survive infection and support long-standing viral replication, contributing to viral persistence within the host and representing a viral reservoir in vivo. On the other hand, HIV Nef protein is a small though versatile molecule that plays an unquestioned key role in viral pathogenesis. In macrophages, Nef is able to modulate cell surface receptor expression, to intersect intracellular signaling pathways and to augment the release of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic molecules. In addition, Nef can alter macrophage phagocytic capacity, autophagy machinery and metabolism. Altogether, these Nef activities support viral replication and persistence in this cell type while at the same time favor viral dissemination. Here, we will review the newest findings describing how monocytes\/macrophages natural pathways are altered by Nef protein, highlighting how viral and host biology are perturbed in consequence","palabras_clave":"HIV|Nef|Macrophages"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113685,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High genetic variation in Y chromosome patterns of the Mocoví population","resumen":"In numerically small ethnic groups, the loss of genetic variability in the Y chromosome is frequent, because this genomic compartment is often subjected to selective sweeps. Despite its small size, the Mocoví population retains a significant amount of genetic variation in relation to other native communities, but their Y chromosome diversity is not known in depth. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic variability of the Y chromosome in a sample of Mocoví males from Santa Fe province (Argentina). We genotyped 11 short tandem repeats (STRs) and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): M3 and M346. The diversity observed was high, and the 25 haplotypes obtained were compared to the YHRD database, with 13 of them absent of that database. A comparison with previous data reported from other Gran Chaco native groups showed significant differences between the Mocoví and other populations of different ethnic origin. This result and other studies on molecular markers of the Mocoví prove that this ethnic group retains a high genetic diversity that clearly differentiate them from other Amerindian populations.","palabras_clave":"HAPLOTYPES|GENETIC DIVERSITY|STRs|M3"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113686,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Expressive Power of Memory Logics","resumen":"We investigate the expressive power of memory logics. These are modal logics extended with the possibility to store (or remove) the current node of evaluation in (or from) a memory, and to perform membership tests on the current memory. From this perspective, the hybrid logic &#8459;&#8466; (&#8595;), for example, can be thought of as a particular case of a memory logic where the memory is an indexed list of elements of the domain.This work focuses in the case where the memory is a set, and we can test whether the current node belongs to the set or not. We prove that, in terms of expressive power, the memory logics we discuss here lie between the basic modal logic  and &#8459;&#8466; (&#8595;). We show that the satisfiability problem of most of the logics we cover is undecidable. The only logic with a decidable satisfiability problem is obtained by imposing strong constraints on which elements can be memorized.","palabras_clave":"Expressive power|Memory Logics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113687,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Metamorphosis and gonad maturation in the horn fly Haematobia irritans","resumen":"    The bloodsucking horn fly Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) (L. 1758) is one of the     &nbsp;most damaging pests of pasture cattle in many areas of the world. Both male and female    &nbsp;imagoes spend their adult stage on the host, while immature stages develop in the dung. In    &nbsp;the present work, we established a standard life cycle in laboratory conditions to study the    &nbsp;maturation of the gonadal system and the progression of germline cell divisions in immature    &nbsp;gonads. Male and female larval gonads were analyzed from the beginning of the third instar    &nbsp;larvae (48 h after egg eclosion) until imago ecdysis. In the developing male larval gonad,    &nbsp;meiosis began at 72 h after egg eclosion, whereas in females only premeiotic oogonia were    &nbsp;present at this time. Meiosis was not detected in females until the mid-pharate adult stage,    &nbsp;120 h after puparium formation. Therefore, gonad maturation in females appears to be    &nbsp;delayed 144 h with respect to that in males. In the stages within the puparium, the timing of    &nbsp;germline cell division events was correlated with the pigmentation progress of eyes and    &nbsp;cuticle external markers.            &nbsp;most damaging pests of pasture cattle in many areas of the world. Both male and female    &nbsp;imagoes spend their adult stage on the host, while immature stages develop in the dung. In    &nbsp;the present work, we established a standard life cycle in laboratory conditions to study the    &nbsp;maturation of the gonadal system and the progression of germline cell divisions in immature    &nbsp;gonads. Male and female larval gonads were analyzed from the beginning of the third instar    &nbsp;larvae (48 h after egg eclosion) until imago ecdysis. In the developing male larval gonad,    &nbsp;meiosis began at 72 h after egg eclosion, whereas in females only premeiotic oogonia were    &nbsp;present at this time. Meiosis was not detected in females until the mid-pharate adult stage,    &nbsp;120 h after puparium formation. Therefore, gonad maturation in females appears to be    &nbsp;delayed 144 h with respect to that in males. In the stages within the puparium, the timing of    &nbsp;germline cell division events was correlated with the pigmentation progress of eyes and    &nbsp;cuticle external markers.        Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) (L. 1758) is one of the     &nbsp;most damaging pests of pasture cattle in many areas of the world. Both male and female    &nbsp;imagoes spend their adult stage on the host, while immature stages develop in the dung. In    &nbsp;the present work, we established a standard life cycle in laboratory conditions to study the    &nbsp;maturation of the gonadal system and the progression of germline cell divisions in immature    &nbsp;gonads. Male and female larval gonads were analyzed from the beginning of the third instar    &nbsp;larvae (48 h after egg eclosion) until imago ecdysis. In the developing male larval gonad,    &nbsp;meiosis began at 72 h after egg eclosion, whereas in females only premeiotic oogonia were    &nbsp;present at this time. Meiosis was not detected in females until the mid-pharate adult stage,    &nbsp;120 h after puparium formation. Therefore, gonad maturation in females appears to be    &nbsp;delayed 144 h with respect to that in males. In the stages within the puparium, the timing of    &nbsp;germline cell division events was correlated with the pigmentation progress of eyes and    &nbsp;cuticle external markers.        &nbsp;most damaging pests of pasture cattle in many areas of the world. Both male and female    &nbsp;imagoes spend their adult stage on the host, while immature stages develop in the dung. In    &nbsp;the present work, we established a standard life cycle in laboratory conditions to study the    &nbsp;maturation of the gonadal system and the progression of germline cell divisions in immature    &nbsp;gonads. Male and female larval gonads were analyzed from the beginning of the third instar    &nbsp;larvae (48 h after egg eclosion) until imago ecdysis. In the developing male larval gonad,    &nbsp;meiosis began at 72 h after egg eclosion, whereas in females only premeiotic oogonia were    &nbsp;present at this time. Meiosis was not detected in females until the mid-pharate adult stage,    &nbsp;120 h after puparium formation. Therefore, gonad maturation in females appears to be    &nbsp;delayed 144 h with respect to that in males. In the stages within the puparium, the timing of    &nbsp;germline cell division events was correlated with the pigmentation progress of eyes and    &nbsp;cuticle external markers.            &nbsp;most damaging pests of pasture cattle in many areas of the world. Both male and female    &nbsp;imagoes spend their adult stage on the host, while immature stages develop in the dung. In    &nbsp;the present work, we established a standard life cycle in laboratory conditions to study the    &nbsp;maturation of the gonadal system and the progression of germline cell divisions in immature    &nbsp;gonads. Male and female larval gonads were analyzed from the beginning of the third instar    &nbsp;larvae (48 h after egg eclosion) until imago ecdysis. In the developing male larval gonad,    &nbsp;meiosis began at 72 h after egg eclosion, whereas in females only premeiotic oogonia were    &nbsp;present at this time. Meiosis was not detected in females until the mid-pharate adult stage,    &nbsp;120 h after puparium formation. Therefore, gonad maturation in females appears to be    &nbsp;delayed 144 h with respect to that in males. In the stages within the puparium, the timing of    &nbsp;germline cell division events was correlated with the pigmentation progress of eyes and    &nbsp;cuticle external markers.        Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) (L. 1758) is one of the     &nbsp;most damaging pests of pasture cattle in many areas of the world. Both male and female    &nbsp;imagoes spend their adult stage on the host, while immature stages develop in the dung. In    &nbsp;the present work, we established a standard life cycle in laboratory conditions to study the    &nbsp;maturation of the gonadal system and the progression of germline cell divisions in immature    &nbsp;gonads. Male and female larval gonads were analyzed from the beginning of the third instar    &nbsp;larvae (48 h after egg eclosion) until imago ecdysis. In the developing male larval gonad,    &nbsp;meiosis began at 72 h after egg eclosion, whereas in females only premeiotic oogonia were    &nbsp;present at this time. Meiosis was not detected in females until the mid-pharate adult stage,    &nbsp;120 h after puparium formation. Therefore, gonad maturation in females appears to be    &nbsp;delayed 144 h with respect to that in males. In the stages within the puparium, the timing of    &nbsp;germline cell division events was correlated with the pigmentation progress of eyes and    &nbsp;cuticle external markers.    ","palabras_clave":"Desarrollo postembrionario|mosca de los cuernos|ganado bovino"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113688,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First CCD $UBVI$ photometric analysis   of six open cluster candidates","resumen":"We have obtained CCD UBVIKC photometry down to V ˜ 22 for the open cluster candidates Haffner 3, Haffner 5, NGC 2368, Haffner 25, Hogg 3 and Hogg 4 and their surrounding fields. None of these objects have been photometrically studied so far. Our analysis shows that these stellar groups are not genuine open clusters since no clear main sequences or other meaningful features can be seen in their colour-magnitude and colour-colour diagrams. We checked for possible differential reddening across the studied fields that could be hiding the characteristics of real open clusters. However, the dust in the directions to these objects appears to be uniformly distributed. Moreover, star counts carried out within and outside the open cluster candidate fields do not support the hypothesis that these objects are real open clusters or even open cluster remnants. ","palabras_clave":"Galaxy: open clusters and associations: general|Open clusters and associations: individual|Galaxy: general - Techniques: photometry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113689,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Novel and facile synthesis of magnetic composites by a modified co-precipitation method","resumen":"A simple and effective method is proposed to synthesize chitosan\/magnetite (CS\/MAG) and cellulose\/magnetite (CEL\/MAG) composites. Biopolymers were employed in bulk during the co-precipitationof magnetite, avoiding the problems associated to the polymer\u2019s solubility. FTIR and XRD analysis revealedthat the polymeric template was perfectly integrated to the crystalline structure of magnetite. Measurementsof zeta (Z) potential indicated that new materials present different charged surfaces dependingon the biopolymer. SEM\/TEM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) results demonstrated that particulatedmaterials with average diameters lower than 1 micrometer were obtained. The magnetic properties of suchcomposites were qualitatively verified. The as-obtained hybrids composites were tested for proteinsadsorption using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and insulin (Ins) as models. It was found that CS\/MAG wasa better protein adsorbent than CEL\/MAG. One important drawback of CEL\/MAG was the lack of stabilityunder the proteins adsorption conditions.","palabras_clave":"CHITOSAN|MAGNETITE|CELLULOSE|COMPOSITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113690,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dynamic study of the internal magnetic order of Mn3O4 nanoparticles","resumen":"The dynamic magnetic properties of Mn3O4 nanoparticles with mean diameter FI = 15 nm havebeen investigated by frequency and dc-field (HDC) dependence of the in phase (X´) and out of phase (X') ac-susceptibility. The studies were performed in noninteracting and interacting systems of Mn3O4 nanoparticles diluted in a polymer with concentrations 1.5 and 17.6%. The ac-susceptibility of the non-interacting system, measured with HDC = 0 Oe, presents only onemaximum located at TC = 42 K associated to the paramagnetic (PM)\u2013ferrimagnetic (FiM) transition. In contrast, the susceptibility of the interacting system shows two anomalies. One frequency independent peak associated to TC and a second low temperature maximum was observed in v00, located at TP. The position of the TP maximum shifts to higher temperaturewhen the frequency increases. The relation between the relaxation time and TP was well describedby the Vogel\u2013Fulcher law. When the susceptibility was measured withHDC = 20 kOe, the PM\u2013FiM transition was observed in both systems. Remarkably, in the noninteracting system, the low temperature anomaly is evidenced by the magnetic field. This anomaly is present as a well-defined maximum, which shifts to higher temperature when the frequency increases.","palabras_clave":"MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES|Mn3O4|DYNAMIC SUSCEPTIBILITY|NANOSTRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113691,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ceramic Papers Containing Y Zeolite for Toluene Removal","resumen":"A papermaking technique with a dual polyelectrolyte retention system was used for the preparation of NaY zeolite containing papers, which implied the use of cationic and anionic polymers. Two kinds of fibers were employed, either cellulosic or ceramic ones, and accordingly papers with different characteristics were obtained: those that only contained cellulosic fibers for low temperature applications, cellulosic papers, and those prepared using both cellulosic and ceramic fibers - ceramic papers - for high temperature applications. Although a decrease in their mechanical properties due to calcination was observed, zeolitic ceramic papers resulted easy to handle for practical applications. Zeolite was quantified through BET surface area measurements. SEM images indicated a good dispersion of zeolite particles within the cellulosic paper whereas in the ceramic paper they appeared anchored on ceramic fibers. The zeolitic papers prepared resulted efficient as toluene sorbents, the adsorption capacities of zeolitic ceramic papers being higher than those of zeolitic cellulosic papers. In the case of zeolitic cellulosic papers, the amounts of released toluene were lower than those of adsorbed toluene, implying that the treatment up to 160°C did not completely eliminate the hydrocarbon. Also, TPD profiles showed that toluene is chemically retained up to high temperatures (ca. 420ºC) in zeolitic ceramic papers. Toluene adsorption values demonstrate that zeolite dispersed into the cellulose\/ceramic matrix is as effective as powder massive zeolite in retaining the hydrocarbon, which highlights the potential application of these zeolitic structures as sorbent materials both for low and high temperatures.","palabras_clave":"zeolitic papers|ceramic papers|toluene adsorption and toluene removal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113692,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oceanographic and biological landscapes used by the Southern Giant Petrel during the breeding season at the Patagonian Shelf","resumen":"The study of how and why marine animals distribute themselves at sea has important conservation and management implications of the species and their habitats. We characterize the oceanographic and biological landscapes of the marine areas used by breeding Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) at Patagonian colonies and explore inter-sexual and inter-colony diferences. The at-sea movements of 16 adults (7 males and 9 females) were studied by means of satellite telemetry techniques during 1999, 2000, 2002, and 2004 breeding seasons.Southern Giant Petrels utilized an oceanographic scenario characterized by high productivity, warm sea surface temperature, and shallow waters. The biological landscape was characterized by a high availability of squid and carrion nearby colonies. Females spent more time in the shelf breakand exploited deeper waters than males. In contrast, males spent more time in coastal areas and they showed a higher spatial overlap with areas of high squid density than females. Such a prosperous foraging scenario for both sexes may play a key role in the growth of the breeding population of Southern Giant Petrel Patagonian colonies.","palabras_clave":"HABITAT USE|SOUTHERN GIANT PETRELS|PATAGONIA|MACRONECTES GIGANTEUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113693,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression of NHERF1 in Colonic Tumors Induced     by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in Rats is Independent   of Plasma Ovarian Steroids","resumen":"In normal embryonic fibroblasts, the Na+\/H+ exchanger regulator factor 1 (NHERF1) stabilizes E-cadherin\/beta-catenin binding and the lack of NHERF1 expression promotes cell transformation thus acting as a tumor suppressor gene. We here tested the hypothesis that NHERF1 could act as a tumor suppressor gene in colon cancer as a mediator of estrogens? protective actions in colon carcinogenesis. We studied the expression and localization of NHERF1 and beta-catenin by immunohistochemistry in colonic tumors induced by 1,2 dimethylhidrazine (DMH) in Sprague-Dawley rats. One group of the rats treated with the carcinogen was ovariectomized (OVX) in the middle of the tumor induction, simulating a human menopausal condition. We observed a protective role of estrogens in colon cancer, as non-ovariectomized rats (DMH) had a reduced tumor area compared with the ovariectomized group (DMH&#8201;+&#8201;OVX; mean&#8201;±&#8201;SE) 28.98&#8201;±&#8201;4.65 vs. 67.58&#8201;±&#8201;8.69 (p&#8201;&lt;&#8201;0.00380). Despite the lack of plasma estrogen stimulation, we found abundant expression of NHERF1 in colon tumors from ovariectomized rats. NHERF1 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of the adenocarcinoma cells and lost the apical localization previously reported in normal colon tissue. We also detected expression of NHERF1 by western blot in the SW48, CACO-2, and HT29 colon cancer cell lines. Non-estrogenic factors in plasma or the tumor microenvironment may regulate NHERF1 expression in transformed colon epithelial cells. Further studies are required to understand the regulation of NHERF1 expression in colon cancer tissue.","palabras_clave":"NHERF\/EBP50|ESTROGENS|OVARIECTOMY|COLON CANCER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113694,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Anandamide capacitates bull spermatozoa through CB1 and TRPV1 activation","resumen":"Anandamide (AEA), a major endocannabinoid, binds to cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors (CB1, CB2 and TRPV1) and affects many reproductive functions. Nanomolar levels of anandamide are found in reproductive fluids including mid-cycle oviductal fluid. Previously, we found that R(+)-methanandamide, an anandamide analogue, induces sperm releasing from bovine oviductal epithelium and the CB1 antagonist, SR141716A, reversed this effect. Since sperm detachment may be due to surface remodeling brought about by capacitation, the aim of this paper was to investigate whether anandamide at physiological concentrations could act as a capacitating agent in bull spermatozoa. We demonstrated that at nanomolar concentrations R(+)-methanandamide or anandamide induced bull sperm capacitation, whereas SR141716A and capsazepine (a TRPV1 antagonist) inhibited this induction. Previous studies indicate that mammalian spermatozoa possess the enzymatic machinery to produce and degrade their own AEA via the actions of the AEA-synthesizing phospholipase D and the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) respectively. Our results indicated that, URB597, a potent inhibitor of the FAAH, produced effects on bovine sperm capacitation similar to those elicited by exogenous AEA suggesting that this process is normally regulated by an endogenous tone. We also investigated whether anandamide is involved in bovine heparin-capacitated spermatozoa, since heparin is a known capacitating agent of bovine sperm. When the spermatozoa were incubated in the presence of R(+)-methanandamide and heparin, the percentage of capacitated spermatozoa was similar to that in the presence of R(+)-methanandamide alone. The pre-incubation with CB1 or TRPV1 antagonists inhibited heparin-induced sperm capacitation; moreover the activity of FAAH was 30% lower in heparin-capacitated spermatozoa as compared to control conditions. This suggests that heparin may increase endogenous anandamide levels. Our findings indicate that anandamide induces sperm capacitation through the activation of CB1 and TRPV1 receptors and could be involved in the same molecular pathway as heparin in bovines.","palabras_clave":"ANANDAMIDE|CAPACITATION|SPERM|BOVINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113695,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biomarkers of genotoxicity and genomic instability in a non-human primate, Cebus libidinosus (Cebidae, Platyrrhini), exposed to nitroimidazole derivatives","resumen":"The genotoxicity of two nitroimidazole derivatives, ornidazole (ONZ) and metronidazole (MTZ) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of Cebus libidinosus (CLI) (Primates, Cebidae) was assessed. Endpoints measured included sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, cell proliferation kinetics (CPK), replication index (RI), mitotic index (MI), and damage incidence in or near CLI heterochromatin regions. MI and SCE values following ONZ or MTZ treatments were significantly different (p &lt; 0.001) from control. SCE frequency per chromosome was not proportional to chromosome length. The chromosomes most affected for SCE were 1, 2, 4, 6, 11\u201313, 17, and 18, many of which possess interstitial or terminal heterochromatin. In the CLI genome, chromosomes 11 and 17 showed higher susceptibility to damage RI was the only biomarker that did not show statistically significant differences between control and treated cultures. C.libidinosus bands 11q1.4 and 11q1.5 may be hot-spots in the context of nitroimidazole exposure.","palabras_clave":"Genotoxicity|Sister chromatid exchange|Nitroimidazoles|Heterochromatin|Cebus libidinosus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113696,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Induction of specific cytotoxic activity for bovine herpesvirus-1 by DNA","resumen":"It is well documented that adjuvants improve the immune response generated bytraditional viral vaccines; however, less is known about their effects on theimmune response elicited by DNA vaccines. In this study, we have investigated theuse of adjuvants, and have analyzed the humoral and cellular specific immuneresponses elicited by DNA vaccines based on the BoHV-1 glycoprotein D (secretedversion) in pCIneo vector with and without Montanide ISA25 (O\/W), ISA206 VG(SEPPIC) and Cliptox™ (natural microparticles of clinoptilolite). The comparison of the immune response induced in mice by pCIgD formulated with or withoutadjuvants showed that the immunomodulators affect the total specific humoral and cellular response. The isotypes induced by these adjuvants were of the typeTh1\/Th2. A significant increase in the mac-3+ and F4\/80+ populations of thegroups receiving pCIneo with ISA25, ISA206; and an increase in CD4+ populationsof the group receiving pCIneo ISA25, in comparison with the pCIneo group wasobserved. On the other hand, mice vaccinated with pCIgD\/ISA25, pCIgD\/ISA206, orpCIgD\/Cliptox developed a significantly higher specific cytotoxic activityagainst BoHV-1 than the pCIgD and pCIneo groups. In this report we propose theuse of ISA25, ISA206 or Cliptox as adjuvants in a DNA vaccine since they are ableto induce not only a specific humoral immune response but also a specificcellular immune response.","palabras_clave":"DNA VACCINE|ADJUVANT|BoHV-1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113697,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los últimos actos. Celebraciones del Partido-Estado juarista en su etapa final. Santiago del Estero 2002-2003","resumen":"Propongo analizar el despliegue intenso del Partido Justicialista-Juarista en Santiago del Estero, durante los actos   partidarios y de gobierno en 2002 y 2003, etapa de acentuación de la  crisis del régimen juarista, donde se endurecen los mecanismos de dominación a la vez que se apela enérgicamente al recurso simbólico.   Describo las prácticas de escenificación del partido, especialmente en   lo que respecta a la actuación de un conjunto amorfo y relativamente independiente de la burocracia partidaria y del liderazgo centralizado   de Carlos y 'Nina' Juárez, de diversos segmentos que se unen o enfrentan en la escena, anclando en especial en la Rama Femenina y la Juventud Peronista, los grupos de mayor movilización en esos años. Desde tres   actos, relato las exhibiciones que preceden al acto central, el montaje oficial de la plaza donde tiene lugar la celebración y las formas de   disposición de los cuerpos que marcan en la escena las relaciones entre   los segmentos de la organización partidaria. Al final, exploro los modos de organización previa en diferentes territorios dirigenciales y unidades básicas, los recursos que se movilizaban, y el sistema de intercambios donde éstos y sus portadores se articulaban, el modo en que se vivía un día del acto, y los sentidos que alentaban la participación en los mismos y en la trama organizacional.","palabras_clave":"Peronismo-Juarismo|Representación-escenificación|Segmentación|Sistemas de intercambios"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113698,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of Cytogenotoxic Effects of Cold Aqueous Extract  from Achyrocline satureioides by Allium cepa L test","resumen":"Achyrocline satureioides (\u201Cmarcela del campo\u201D) is native to America. Numerous investigations have reported several bioactive propertiessuch as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and antiviral. Nowadays, few medicinal plants have beenscientifically evaluated to test its safety, efficacy and potential benefits, despite the great public interest in these herbs. The aim of this workwas to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic activities of cold aqueous extract obtained from A. satureioides using Allium cepa L test. Theresults demonstrated the absence of genotoxicity of the extract. Only higher concentrations induced cytotoxicity but interestingly this effectwas reversible and was not associated with mutagenicity. The contribution of this research provides assurance of safety in the application of(\u201Cmarcela del campo\u201D) is native to America. Numerous investigations have reported several bioactive propertiessuch as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and antiviral. Nowadays, few medicinal plants have beenscientifically evaluated to test its safety, efficacy and potential benefits, despite the great public interest in these herbs. The aim of this workwas to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic activities of cold aqueous extract obtained from A. satureioides using Allium cepa L test. Theresults demonstrated the absence of genotoxicity of the extract. Only higher concentrations induced cytotoxicity but interestingly this effectwas reversible and was not associated with mutagenicity. The contribution of this research provides assurance of safety in the application of. The aim of this workwas to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic activities of cold aqueous extract obtained from A. satureioides using Allium cepa L test. Theresults demonstrated the absence of genotoxicity of the extract. Only higher concentrations induced cytotoxicity but interestingly this effectwas reversible and was not associated with mutagenicity. The contribution of this research provides assurance of safety in the application ofA. satureioides using Allium cepa L test. Theresults demonstrated the absence of genotoxicity of the extract. Only higher concentrations induced cytotoxicity but interestingly this effectwas reversible and was not associated with mutagenicity. The contribution of this research provides assurance of safety in the application ofAchyrocline satureioides in treatment of microbial diseases and other pathologies helping to define selective toxicityin treatment of microbial diseases and other pathologies helping to define selective toxicity","palabras_clave":"Achyrocline satureioides|Allium cepa L test|cytogenotoxicity|cold aqueous extract"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113699,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Monoterpenes Isolated from Minthostachys verticillata (Griseb.) Epling Essential Oil Modulates Immediate-Type Hypersensitivity Responses In Vitro and In Vivo","resumen":"In a previous work, we have demonstrated that MINTHOSTACHYS VERTICILLATA essential oil has immunomodulatory effects IN VITRO on cells from allergic patients. Here we characterized main components of M. VERTICILLATA essential oil and also tested if these compounds modulate IN VITRO and IN VIVO the immediate-type allergic reaction. Gas chromatography was used to identify main components of the essential oil. Pulegone (63.4 %), menthone (15.9 %), and limonene (2.1 %) were found as main classes. IL-13 levels were evaluated from lymphocytes cultures stimulated with allergen alone or combined with monoterpenes. All compounds stimulated cell proliferation but, interestingly, promoted a reduction of IL-13 values, limonene and the mixture of the three compounds being the most active. â-Hexosaminidase release was determined from basophils to which essential oil or monoterpenes were added. We observed that, whichever combination of monoterpenes was used, â-hexosaminidase release was diminished in all cases. Obtained values were even lower than those of antiallergic drug desloratadine. Essential oil and limonene inhibited mast cell activation and degranulation in the skin when testing passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, limonene being the most active. In conclusion, limonene was the compound that showed the most potent immunomodulatory activity. This fact suggests that it constitutes a promising natural alternative for a novel treatment of allergic diseases.       ","palabras_clave":"Minthostachys verticillata |Lamiaceae|essential oil|monoterpenes|immediate-type allergic reaction"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113700,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antiviral effect and mode of action of methanolic extract of Verbascum thapsus L. on pseudorabies virus (RC\/79 strain)","resumen":"The methanolic extract of Verbascum thapsus was evaluated for its antiviral activity against the pseudorabies virus strain RC\/79 (PrV), and also for its cytotoxic activity on Vero cells. The extract showed CC50 values of 1100 ug\/mL and 1426 ug\/mL by NRU and MTT assays, respectively.  The 50% inhibitory concentration of the extract for PrV plaque formation  was determined at 35 ug\/mL1, and selectivity indices were 31.4 (NRU) and  40.7 (MTT). When cells were pre-treated with the extract prior to virus  infection, the inhibition in plaque formation was 70%. PrV was highly  inhibited when it was incubated with plant extract or when the extract was added during the adsorption phase (99%). However, no inhibitory effect was observed when the extract was added to the cells after the adsorption period. Thus, these results suggest that the methanolic extract of Verbascum thapsus may contain bioactive compound(s) that affect PrV mostly in the adsorption phase.","palabras_clave":"VERBASCUM THAPSUS L|ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY|PSEUDORABIES VIRUS (RC\/79 STRAIN)|METHANOLIC EXTRACT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113701,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of fracture aperture field heterogeneity by electrical resistance measurement","resumen":"We use electrical resistance measurements to characterize the aperture field in a roughfracture. This is done by performing displacement experiments using two miscible fluids ofdifferent electrical resistivity and monitoring the time variation of the overall fractureresistance. Two fractures have been used: their complementary rough walls are identical buthave different relative shear displacements which create ?channel? or ?barrier? structures inthe aperture field, respectively parallel or perpendicular to the mean flow velocity&#8594;U. In the?channel? geometry, the resistance displays an initial linear variation followed by a tail partwhich reflects the velocity contrast between slow and fast flow channels. In the ?barrier?geometry, a change in the slope between two linear zones suggests the existence of domains ofdifferent characteristic aperture along the fracture. These variations are well reproducedanalytically and numerically using simple flow models. For each geometry, we present then adata inversion procedure that allows one to extract the key features of the heterogeneity fromthe resistance measurement.","palabras_clave":"roghness|inverse problem|models|slope"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113702,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ultraviolet actinic flux in clear and cloudy atmospheres: model calculations and aircraft-based measurements","resumen":"Ultraviolet (UV) actinic fluxes measured with twoScanning Actinic Flux Spectroradiometers (SAFS) aboardthe NASA DC-8 aircraft are compared with the TroposphericUltraviolet-Visible (TUV) model. The observationsfrom 17 days in July\u2013August 2004 (INTEX-NA fieldcampaign) span a wide range of latitudes (28 N\u201353 N),longitudes (45W\u2013140 W), altitudes (0.1\u201311.9 km), ozonecolumns (285\u2013353 DU), and solar zenith angles (2\u201385).Both cloudy and cloud-free conditions were encountered.For cloud-free conditions, the ratio of observed to clearsky-model actinic flux (integrated from 298 to 422 nm) was1.01±0.04, i.e. in good agreement with observations. Theagreement improved to 1.00±0.03 for the down-wellingcomponent under clear sky conditions. In the presence ofclouds and depending on their position relative to the aircraft,the up-welling component was frequently enhanced (by asmuch as a factor of 8 relative to cloud-free values) while thedown-welling component showed both reductions and enhancementsof up to a few tens of percent. Including all conditions,the ratio of the observed actinic flux to the cloud-freemodel value was 1.1±0.3 for the total, or separately 1.0±0.2for the down-welling and 1.5±0.8 for the up-welling components.The correlations between up-welling and downwellingdeviations are well reproduced with sensitivity studiesusing the TUV model, and are understood qualitativelywith a simple conceptual model. This analysis of actinic fluxobservations illustrates opportunities for future evaluationsof photolysis rates in three-dimensional chem","palabras_clave":"Actinic flux|UV-B radiation|clear atmosphere|clouds"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113703,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylogenetic analysis of H6 influenza viruses isolated from Rosy-billed Pochards (Netta peposaca) in Argentina reveal the presence of different HA gene clusters","resumen":"Until recently, influenza A viruses from wild waterfowl in South America were rarely isolated and\/orcharacterized. To explore the ecology of influenza A viruses in this region, a long-term surveillance programwas established in 2006 for resident and migratory water birds in Argentina. We report the characterizationof 5 avian influenza viruses of the H6 hemagglutinin (HA) subtype isolated from rosy-billed pochards (Netta peposaca). Three of these viruses were paired to an N2 NA subtype, while the other two were of the N8 subtype. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these virusesGenetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these virusespeposaca). Three of these viruses were paired to an N2 NA subtype, while the other two were of the N8 subtype. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these virusesGenetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these virusesNetta peposaca). Three of these viruses were paired to an N2 NA subtype, while the other two were of the N8 subtype. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these virusesGenetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these viruses). Three of these viruses were paired to an N2 NA subtype, while the other two were of the N8 subtype. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the internal gene segments revealed a close relationship with influenzaviruses from South America, forming a unique clade and supporting the notion of independent evolution frominfluenza A viruses in other latitudes. The presence of NS alleles A and B was also identified. The HA and NAgenes formed unique clades separate from North American and Eurasian viruses, with the exception of the HAgene of one isolate, which was more closely related to the North American lineage, suggesting possibleinteractions between viruses of North American and South American lineages. Animal studies suggested thatthese Argentine H6 viruses could replicate and transmit inefficiently in chickens, indicating limited adaptationto poultry. Our results highlight the importance of continued influenza virus surveillance in wild birds of SouthAmerica, especially considering the unique evolution of these viruses","palabras_clave":"Influenza Viruses|Phylogenetic Analysis|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113704,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Prevalencia de endometritis clínica y subclínica en vacas lecheras en posparto en un sistema intensivo estabulado","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la prevalencia de endometritis clínica y endometritis subclínica, en relación a los días en leche de vacas lecheras Holando Argentino en un sistema intensivo estabulado (free stall). Durante los meses de marzo y abril del año 2010 se muestrearon un total de 177 vacas Holando Argentino multíparas entre los 21 y 56 días en leche. Se obtuvieron muestras de flujo cervicovaginal mediante flujeo manual, y se lo clasificó según su aspecto macroscópico en: cristalino, mucopurulento o sanguinolento. Las hembras con flujo mucopurulento o sanguinolento se categorizaron positivas a endometritis clínica. El comportamiento fue diferente en la endometritis clínica y subclínica, no siendo independiente del período considerado (p<0,05). Existió un marcado descenso del porcentaje de vacas con endometritis clínica a medida que avanzaron los días en leche, por el contrario se observó un comportamiento inverso de la endometritis subclínica. Se puede concluir que la prevalencia de endometritis clínica y subclínica es de importancia y de comportamiento distinto en el sistema intensivo estabulado (free stall) estudiado.","palabras_clave":"ENDOMETRITIS|PREVALENCIA|SISTEMA ESTABULADO|BOVINOS LECHEROS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113705,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence of reassortment of pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in swine in Argentina: are we facing the expansion of potential epicenters of influenza emergence?","resumen":"In this report, we describe the occurrence of two novel swine  influenza viruses (SIVs) in pigs in Argentina. These viruses are the  result of two independent reassortment events between the H1N1  pandemic influenza virus (H1N1pdm) and human-like SIVs,  showing the constant evolution of influenza viruses at the  human\u2013swine interface and the potential health risk of H1N1pdm  as it appears to be maintained in the swine population. It must be  noted that because of the lack of information regarding the  circulation of SIVs in South America, we cannot discard the  possibility that ancestors of the H1N1pdm or other SIVs have  been present in this part of the world. More importantly, these  findings suggest an ever-expanding geographic range of potential  epicenters of influenza emergence with public health risks.","palabras_clave":"H1N1 2009 pandemic virus| pigs|reassortment"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113706,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Optical Properties of Metallic Nanoparticles: manipulating light, heat and forces at the nanoscale","resumen":"We present to a general readership an overview of the rich variety of phenomena and applications that arise from the interaction of metallic nanoparticles with light. First, we present the fundamental physics of localized surface plasmon resonances, the most relevant theories and numerical methods, as well as optical detection schemes. Finally, we explain how the localized surface plasmon resonances are currently exploited for the nanoscale manipulation of light, heat and forces in various applications and experimental investigations.","palabras_clave":"METALLIC NANOPARTICLE|PLASMONICS|OPTICAL FORCES|SENSORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113707,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Singular features of trypanosomatids' phosphotransferases involved in cell energy management.","resumen":"Trypanosomatids are responsible for economically important veterinary affections and severe human diseases. In Africa, Trypanosoma brucei causes sleeping sickness or African trypanosomiasis, while in America, Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease. These parasites have complex life cycles which involve a wide variety of environments with very different compositions, physicochemical properties, and availability of metabolites. As the environment changes there is a need to maintain the nucleoside homeostasis, requiring a quick and regulated response. Most of the enzymes required for energy management are phosphotransferases. These enzymes present a nitrogenous group or a phosphate as acceptors, and the most clear examples are arginine kinase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, and adenylate kinase. Trypanosoma and Leishmania have the largest number of phosphotransferase isoforms ever found in a single cell; some of them are absent in mammals, suggesting that these enzymes are required in many cellular compartments associated to different biological processes. The presence of such number of phosphotransferases support the hypothesis of the existence of an intracellular enzymatic phosphotransfer network that communicates the spatially separated intracellular ATP consumption and production processes. All these unique features make phosphotransferases a promising start point for rational drug design for the treatment of human trypanosomiasis.","palabras_clave":"trypanosoma cruzi|phosphotransferases|phosphagen|energy metabolism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113708,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Description of the immature stages and redescription of the adults of Culex (Culex) lahillei Bachmann & Casal (Diptera: Culicidae)","resumen":"The pupa and fourth-instar larva of Culex (Culex) lahillei Bachmann &amp; Casal are described and illustrated for the first time and the adults redescribed. Information is provided on the distribution, bionomics and taxonomy of the species.","palabras_clave":"Culex (Culex) lahillei|Description|Immature stages"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113709,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Description of the immature stages of Culex (Culex) ameliae Casal and Culex (Culex) articularis Philippi (Diptera: Culicidae)","resumen":"The pupa and the fourth-instar larva of Culex (Culex) ameliae Casal and Cx. (Cux.) articularis Philippi are described and illustrated for the first time. Information is provided on the distribution, bionomics and taxonomy of the species. ","palabras_clave":"Culex (Culex) ameliae|Culex (Culex) articularis|description"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113710,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Draft Genome Sequence of Bizionia argentinensis, Isolated from Antarctic Surface Water","resumen":"A psychrotolerant marine bacterial strain, designated JUB59T, was isolated from Antarctic surface seawater and classified as a new species of the genus Bizionia. Here, we present the first draft genome sequence for this genus, which suggests interesting features such as UV resistance,                       hydrolytic exoenzymes, and nitrogen metabolism.","palabras_clave":"GENOME|BIZIONIA ARGENTINENSIS|FLAVOBACTERIACEAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113711,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Actors of the main activity in large complex centres during the 23 solar cycle maximum","resumen":"During the maximum of Solar Cycle 23, large active regions had a long life, spanning several solar rotations, and produced large numbers of X-class flares and CMEs, some of them associated to magnetic clouds (MCs). This is the case for the Halloween active regions in 2003. The most geoeffective MC of the cycle (Dst = -457) had its source during the disk passage of one of these active regions (NOAA 10501) on 18 November 2003. Such an activity was presumably due to continuous emerging magnetic flux that was observed during this passage. Moreover, the region exhibited a complex topology with multiple domains of different magnetic helicities. The complexity was observed to reach such unprecedented levels that a detailed multi-wavelength analysis is necessary to precisely identify the solar sources of CMEs and MCs. Magnetic clouds are identified using in situ measurements and interplanetary scintillation (IPS) data. Results from these two different sets of data are also compared. ","palabras_clave":"SOLAR FLARES|CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS|MAGNETIC CLOUDS|INTERPLANETARY SCINTILLATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113712,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aging of anisotropy of solar wind magnetic fluctuations in the inner heliosphere","resumen":"We analyze the evolution of the interplanetary magnetic field spatial structure byexamining the inner heliospheric autocorrelation function, using Helios 1 and Helios 2 in situobservations. We focus on the evolution of the integral length scale (l) anisotropyassociated with the turbulent magnetic fluctuations, with respect to the aging of fluidparcels traveling away from the Sun, and according to whether the measured l isprincipally parallel (lk) or perpendicular (l?) to the direction of a suitably defined localensemble average magnetic field B0. We analyze a set of 1065 24&#8208;hour long intervals(covering full missions). For each interval, we compute the magnetic autocorrelationfunction, using classical single&#8208;spacecraft techniques, and estimate l with help of twodifferent proxies for both Helios data sets. We find that close to the Sun, lk &lt; l?. Thissupports a slab&#8208;like spectral model, where the population of fluctuations having wavevector k parallel to B0 is much larger than the one with k&#8208;vector perpendicular. Apopulation favoring perpendicular k&#8208;vectors would be considered quasi&#8208;two dimensional(2D). Moving toward 1 AU, we find a progressive isotropization of l and a trend to reachan inverted abundance, consistent with the well&#8208;known result at 1 AU that lk &gt; l?, usuallyinterpreted as a dominant quasi&#8208;2D picture over the slab picture. Thus, our results areconsistent with driving modes having wave vectors parallel to B0 near Sun, and aprogressive dynamical spectral transfer of energy to modes with perpendicular wavevectors as the solar wind parcels age while moving from the Sun to 1 AU.","palabras_clave":"solar wind|MHD turbulence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113713,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Global Context of Solar Activity During the Whole Heliosphere Interval Campaign","resumen":"The Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI) was an international observing and modeling effort to characterize the 3-D interconnected \u201Cheliophysical\u201D system during this solar minimum, centered on Carrington Rotation 2068, March 20 - April 16, 2008. During the latter half of the WHI period, the Sun presented a sunspot-free, deep solar minimum type face. But during the first half of CR 2068 three solar active regions flanked by two opposite-polarity, low-latitude coronal holes were present. These departures from the quiet Sun led to both eruptive activity and solar wind structure. Most of the eruptive activity, i.e., flares, filament eruptions and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), occurred during this first, active half of the interval. We determined the source locations of the CMEs and the type of associated region, such as active region, or quiet sun or active region prominence. To analyze the evolution of the events in the context of the global solar magnetic field and its evolution during the three rotations centered on CR 2068, we plotted the CME source locations onto synoptic maps of the photospheric magnetic field, of the magnetic and chromospheric structure, of the white light corona, and of helioseismological subsurface flows. Most of the CME sources were associated with the three dominant active regions on CR 2068, particularly AR 10989. Most of the other sources on all three CRs appear to have been associated with either isolated filaments or filaments in the north polar crown filament channel. Although calculations of the flux balance and helicity of the surface magnetic features did not clearly identify a dominance of one region over the others, helioseismological subsurface flows beneath these active regions did reveal a pronounced difference among them. These preliminary results suggest that the \u201Ctwistedness\u201D ( i.e., vorticity and helicity) of subsurface flows and its temporal variation might be related to the CME productivity of active regions, similar to the relationship between flares and subsurface flows. helicity) of subsurface flows and its temporal variation might be related to the CME productivity of active regions, similar to the relationship between flares and subsurface flows. helicity) of subsurface flows and its temporal variation might be related to the CME productivity of active regions, similar to the relationship between flares and subsurface flows. ","palabras_clave":"CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS: ORIGIN|SOLAR SYNOPTIC MAPS|HELIOSEISMOLOGY|SUBSURFACE FLOWS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113714,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Coronal Transient Events During Two Solar Minima: Their Solar Source Regions and Interplanetary Counterparts","resumen":"In the frame of two coordinated observational and research efforts, two full solar rotations were investigated in the times of two distinct solar minima. These two campaigns were dubbed Whole Sun Month (WSM; 10 August - 8 September 1996) and Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI; 20 March - 16 April 2008). The nearly uninterrupted gathering of solar coronal data since the beginning of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) era offers the exceptional possibility of comparing two solar minima for the first time, with regard to the coronal transient aspect. This study characterizes the variety of outward-traveling transients observed in the solar corona during both time intervals, from very narrow jet-like events to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Their solar source regions and ensuing interplanetary structures were identified and characterized as well, toward a global-scale description of their role in determining the heliosphere\u2019s conditions. Multi-wavelength images provided by the space missions SOHO, Yohkoh (only WSM), and Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO; only WHI) and ground-based observatories were analyzed for coronal ejecta and their solar sources, while data registered by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) spacecraft were inspected for interplanetary CMEs and magnetic clouds. Notable differences arise from the analysis of the detailed survey of events: more (fewer) ejecta during WHI (WSM), 12% (40%) were produced by active regions during WHI (WSM), and nearly no (high) deflection from the radial direction was observed during WHI (WSM). Instrumental aspects such as dissimilar resolution, cadence, and fields of view are considered in order to discern instrumentally driven disparities from inherent differences between solar minima. ","palabras_clave":"SOLAR CORONA|CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS|SOLAR ACTIVITY CYCLE|INTERPLANETARY JETS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113715,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dynamical evolution of a magnetic cloud from the Sun to 5.4 AU","resumen":"Context. Significant quantities of magnetized plasma are transported from the Sun to the interstellar medium via interplanetary coronalmass ejections (ICMEs). Magnetic clouds (MCs) are a particular subset of ICMEs, forming large-scale magnetic flux ropes. Theirevolution in the solar wind is complex and mainly determined by their own magnetic forces and the interaction with the surroundingsolar wind.Aims. Magnetic clouds are strongly affected by the surrounding environment as they evolve in the solar wind. We study expansion ofMCs, its consequent decrease in magnetic field intensity and mass density, and the possible evolution of the so-called global ideal-MHD invariants.Methods. In this work we analyze the evolution of a particular MC (observed in March 1998) using in situ observations made bytwo spacecraft approximately aligned with the Sun, the first one at 1 AU from the Sun and the second one at 5.4 AU. We describethe magnetic configuration of the MC using different models and compute relevant global quantities (magnetic fluxes, helicity, andenergy) at both heliodistances. We also tracked this structure back to the Sun, to find out its solar source.Results. We find that the flux rope is significantly distorted at 5.4 AU. From the observed decay of magnetic field and mass density,we quantify how anisotropic is the expansion and the consequent deformation of the flux rope in favor of a cross section with anaspect ratio at 5.4 AU of ~1.6 (larger in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction from the Sun). We quantify the ideal-MHDinvariants and magnetic energy at both locations, and find that invariants are almost conserved, while the magnetic energy decays asexpected with the expansion rate found.Conclusions. The use of MHD invariants to link structures at the Sun and the interplanetary medium is supported by the results ofthis multi-spacecraft study.We also conclude that the local dimensionless expansion rate, which is computed from the velocity profileobserved by a single-spacecraft, is very accurate for predicting the evolution of flux ropes in the solar wind.","palabras_clave":"MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS|MAGNETIC FIELDS|SOLAR WIND|SUN: HELIOSPHERE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113716,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluacion del efecto de la fragmentacion poblacional del bovino criollo yacumeño sobre la diversidad mitocondrial","resumen":"Se estableció un programa de conservación  ex situ de ganado criollo Yacumeño fragmentando el hato original.Con  el  fin  de  evaluar  el  efecto  de  la  fragmentación,  sobre  la  diversidad  mitocondrial,  se  analizaron  28 secuencias  del D-loop mitocondrial  de  14  individuos muestreados  en  el  año  1998  y  14  en  el  año  2010.  El cálculo de la diversidad nucleotídica y la media de diferenciase entre pares de secuencias en el bovino Criollo Yacumeño  fueron  de  0,110  ±    0,073  y  1,757  ±  1,051,  respectivamente. Ninguna  de  estas  dos  estimaciones mostró valores  superiores al muestreo del  año 2010  (0,124 ± 0.083 y 1,978 ± 1,188). Por  lo  tanto,  se puede afirmar que no existió una pérdida de diversidad mitocondrial en el hato fragmentado. Por otro lado, el estudio determinó que los haplogrupos europeo (T3) y africano (T1) se hallan representados por 11 haplotipos en el hato Yacumeño, uno de ellos es privativo de esta raza.","palabras_clave":"CONSERVACION EX SITU|D-LOOP MITOCONDRIAL|DIVERSIDAD NUCLEOTIDA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113717,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Association of bovine chromosome 5 markers with birth and weaning weight in Hereford cattle raised under extensive conditions","resumen":"Genetic markers have been used to assess the association of economically important traits with cattle under intensive feeding conditions; however, there is still the need to ascertain the usefulness of these markers under extensive production systems. Bovine chromosome 5 has been widely studied because several QTLs have been detected. Microsatellite BP1 neighboring the Myogenic factor 5 gene (Myf5), and microsatellites ETH10, IGF1 and RM029 near Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 gene (IGF1), were selected to establish their association with BLUPs (Best Linear Unbiased Predictor) for direct Birth Weight (dBW), direct Weaning Weight (dWW) and maternal Weaning Weight (mWW). Two herds were used for this objective, one commercial and the other experimental. Associations (P&#8804;0.05) between dWW and all BTA5 loci (BP1, ETH10, IGF1, and RM029) were detected. Additional associations were observed between mWW and BP1. dBW was signi&#64257;cantly associated (P&#8804;0.05) with ETH10 genotypes and with the interaction IGF1*Herd. In particular region near BP1 could be contributing to the rare positive correlation between dWW and mWW previously found in the INTA Balcarce Station experimental herd. We con&#64257;rmed marker associations with growth traits in two BTA5 regions close to previously reported QTL obtained in intensive feeding conditions; these regions affect dBW, dWW and mWW in a pasture-based system","palabras_clave":"BIRTH WEIGHT|CATTLE|DNA MARKERS|HEREFORD|PASTURE SYSTEM|WEANING WEIGHT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113718,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estimación de las frecuencias alélicas del gen BoLa-DRB3 en una población de ganado Holstein de La Pampa mediante secuenciación directa","resumen":"El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en estimar las frecuencias alélicas del exón 2 del gen de Clase II del Sistema Principal de Histocompatibilidad BoLA-DRB3 en una población de ganado Holstein de la provincia de La Pampa. Los polimorfismos presentes en el exón 2 del gen BoLA-DRB3 se identificaron mediante la técnica de secuenciación directa (PCR-SBT). Los resultados obtenidos permitieron detectar un total de 21 alelos con un rango de frecuencia de 0,014 a 0,222. Esto resultó en una heterocigosidad esperada de 0,91. Estos resultados se compararon con los reportados para ganado Holstein de Japón, evidenciando que con la excepción del alelo BoLA-DRB3*1201, ambas poblaciones presentaron los mismo alelos mayoritarios (BoLA-DRB3*1101, *1501 y *0101). Este resultado sería consecuencia del alto nivel de homogeneidad exhibido por esta raza, debido al uso de la misma genética a nivel global.","palabras_clave":"BOLA-DRB3|POLIMORFISMO|SECUENCIACION DIRECTA|DIVERSIDAD GENETICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113719,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Alteraciones en el largo de la cola y su asociación con caracteres de fertilidad en ratones CF1 seleccionados por peso","resumen":"En una población testigo (t) de ratones de la cepa CF1 y en dos pares de líneas de selección divergente para peso (s y h: negativas; s\u2019 y h\u2019: positivas) derivadas de la primera, fundadas y criadas en la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, se presentaron animales con alteraciones en las colas y ausencia de vértebras caudales en baja frecuencia. Para estimar las relaciones entre longitud de cola (LC), número de vértebras caudales (V), peso (P) y caracteres de fertilidad, se midió LC en mm, se contó V mediante radiografías, se observaron caracteres estructurales en ovarios y testículos por microscopía óptica. Por aplicación de ANOVA y pruebas de comparaciones múltiples se probó que las líneas difirieron en LC (p0,05) en el sentido de la selección de P (machos: LCh=8,4; LCs=8,8; LCt=9,0; LCh\u2019=9,2; LCs\u2019=9,8). Los ratones con ausencias de vértebras caudales (cc) tuvieron en promedio la mitad de V que los animales con colas fenotípicamente normales (cn). Cuando los cc se compararon con los cn (p0,05) se observó un menor tamaño de las gónadas en ambos sexos, un menor diámetro del túbulo seminífero en machos y un menor número de cuerpos lúteos en hembras. LC se modificó como respuesta correlacionada a la selección de peso, pero la presencia de animales con malformaciones en la cola se debería a mutaciones que podrían estar asociadas con fertilidad.","palabras_clave":"LONGITUD DE COLA|NÚMERO DE VÉRTEBRAS|RATONES|SELECCIÓN POR PESO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113720,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fatty acid biosynthesis in actinomycetes","resumen":"All organisms produce fatty acids via a repeated cycle of reactions. In mammals and other animals, these reactions are catalyzed by a type I fatty acid synthase (FAS), a large multifunctional protein to which the growing chain is covalently attached. In contrast, most bacteria (and plants) contain a type II system in which each reaction is catalyzed by a discrete protein. The pathway of fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli is well established and has provided a foundation for elucidating the type II FAS pathways in other bacteria. However, fatty acid biosynthesis is more diverse in the phylum Actinobacteria: Mycobacterium, possess both FAS systems while Streptomyces species have only the multi-enzyme FAS II system and Corynebacterium species exclusively FAS I. In this review we present an overview of the genome organization, biochemical properties and physiological relevance of the two FAS systems in the three genera of actinomycetes mentioned above. We also address in detail the biochemical and structural properties of the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of fatty acid synthesis in actinomycetes, catalysed by the acyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCases), and discuss the molecular bases of their substrate specificity and the structure-based identification of new ACCase inhibitors with anti-mycobacterial properties.","palabras_clave":"LIPID BIOSYNTHESIS|CORYNEBACTERIUM|MYCOBACTERIUM|STREPTOMYCES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113721,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of Carbolines by Photostimulated Cyclization of Anilinohalopyridines","resumen":"A general synthetic route to prepare all four carboline regioisomersby photostimulated cyclization of anilinohalopyridines is described. The methodology affords various substituted carbolines in good to excellent yields. In the case of alfa-carbolines, the SRN1 methodology complements previously reported palladium-catalyzed cyclization approaches.","palabras_clave":"SRN1|Carbolines|Synthesis|Photostimulated"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113722,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation of Methoxilated Indoles with Possible Dopaminergic Central Action","resumen":"Synthesis and Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation ofMethoxilated Indoles with Possible Dopaminergic Central Action","palabras_clave":"dopaminergic|synthesis|molecular modelling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113723,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Alcances identificatorios de la escritura adolescente","resumen":"Se presenta un proyecto de investigación detesis doctoral en curso que se inscribe en el Proyecto UBACyT (P050): \u201CProcesos desimbolización y transformaciones psíquicas durante el tratamientopsicopedagógico\u201D, dirigido por la  Dra. Silvia Schlemenson en la Cátedra PsicopedagogíaClínica con sede en la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de BuenosAires (UBA), Argentina.El proyecto de tesis (Grunin, 2009) profundizaen un análisis exploratorio, cualitativo y longitudinal de los alcancesidentificatorios de la producciónescritural (narrativa y figural) que los jóvenes consultantes despliegan,durante el tratamiento psicopedagógico, en sus propios cuadernos de trabajoclínico. Partimos del supuesto que, en laadolescencia, la actividad escritural expresa modalidadessingulares de elaboración de sentidos identitarios y marcas de autoría que \u2013enel contexto del encuadre clínico grupal- adquieren oportunidades novedosas deapertura, diseminación (Derrida) yre-creación en el intercambio con los otros (Schlemenson y Grunin, 2010). Los resultados obtenidos a través delanálisis del material clínico recolectado permitirán elaborar nuevasherramientas y mediaciones conceptuales para la comprensión y el abordaje delas problemáticas actuales de simbolización aplicables en el área clínica ytransferibles al sistema educativo. ","palabras_clave":"MÁRGEN|ESCRITURA|ADOLESCENCIA|NARRATIVA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113724,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?Trabajo identificatorio en la adolescencia: escritura narrativa y de los márgenes?","resumen":"Resumen Se presentan los avances de un Proyecto de Tesis Doctoral (CONICET 2008-13) cuyo objetivo es explorar los alcances identificatorios de la producción escritural narrativa (del centro del cuaderno) y figural (de los márgenes del mismo) en púberes y adolescentes con problemas de aprendizaje que asisten a tratamiento psicopedagógico grupal en el Servicio de Asistencia público que la Cátedra Psicopedagogía Clínica coordina con sede en la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. La investigación se inscribe en el Proyecto UBACyT (P050) dirigido por la Dra. Silvia Schlemenson: 'Procesos de simbolización y transformaciones psíquicas durante el tratamiento psicopedagógico'. Se parte de un marco teórico psicoanalítico que nos permite abordar la dinámica de los procesos de simbolización involucrados en los distintos modos de expresión de la actividad representativa de un sujeto (Álvarez, 2010; Schlemenson, 2009). La propuesta es aquí trabajar los fundamentos conceptuales del trabajo clínico del tratamiento con púberes y adolescentes. En particular, aquellas intervenciones específicas que se orientan a promover propuestas escriturales que facilitan ?en el encuadre clínico grupal- movimientos de apertura, diseminación (Derrida) y reelaboración de sentidos identitarios sobre la propia experiencia, en una etapa de profundas transformaciones que interpelan la estabilidad misma de las referencias identificatorias primarias. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. Se parte de un marco teórico psicoanalítico que nos permite abordar la dinámica de los procesos de simbolización involucrados en los distintos modos de expresión de la actividad representativa de un sujeto (Álvarez, 2010; Schlemenson, 2009). La propuesta es aquí trabajar los fundamentos conceptuales del trabajo clínico del tratamiento con púberes y adolescentes. En particular, aquellas intervenciones específicas que se orientan a promover propuestas escriturales que facilitan ?en el encuadre clínico grupal- movimientos de apertura, diseminación (Derrida) y reelaboración de sentidos identitarios sobre la propia experiencia, en una etapa de profundas transformaciones que interpelan la estabilidad misma de las referencias identificatorias primarias. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. márgenes del mismo) en púberes y adolescentes con problemas de aprendizaje que asisten a tratamiento psicopedagógico grupal en el Servicio de Asistencia público que la Cátedra Psicopedagogía Clínica coordina con sede en la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. La investigación se inscribe en el Proyecto UBACyT (P050) dirigido por la Dra. Silvia Schlemenson: 'Procesos de simbolización y transformaciones psíquicas durante el tratamiento psicopedagógico'. Se parte de un marco teórico psicoanalítico que nos permite abordar la dinámica de los procesos de simbolización involucrados en los distintos modos de expresión de la actividad representativa de un sujeto (Álvarez, 2010; Schlemenson, 2009). La propuesta es aquí trabajar los fundamentos conceptuales del trabajo clínico del tratamiento con púberes y adolescentes. En particular, aquellas intervenciones específicas que se orientan a promover propuestas escriturales que facilitan ?en el encuadre clínico grupal- movimientos de apertura, diseminación (Derrida) y reelaboración de sentidos identitarios sobre la propia experiencia, en una etapa de profundas transformaciones que interpelan la estabilidad misma de las referencias identificatorias primarias. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. diseminación (Derrida) y reelaboración de sentidos identitarios sobre la propia experiencia, en una etapa de profundas transformaciones que interpelan la estabilidad misma de las referencias identificatorias primarias. Palabras clave: Adolescencia \/ Escritura \/ Simbolización \/ Clínica Psicopedagógica \/ Narrativa \/ Márgen. Identificatory work at the adolescence: narrative and margin writing. Abstract: The following article present the conceptual framework of a research project (CONICET 2008-2013) whose objective is to explore the identificatory scopes of writing production of young adolescents with learning difficulties during psychopedagogical treatment at the Clinical Assistance Service ? Chair of Psychopedadogical Clinic at the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Buenos Aires. The research belongs to the UBACyT Project (Ps050): 'Symbolic processes and 2 2 . The research belongs to the UBACyT Project (Ps050): 'Symbolic processes and 2 2 psychic transformations during psychopedagogic treatment' in charge of Mrs. Silvia Schlemenson coordination. Starting from a psychoanalytic theoretical framework which allows to take the dynamic of symbolizations processes involve at the different expression modes of the representative activity of youngsters (Álvarez, 2010; Schlemenson, 2009). The aim of the project is to approach the theoretical basis of the psychopedagogic treatment with teenagers and adolescents. In particular, we work those specific interventions that promotes writing activities which produce ?at the clinical group setting- opening movements of disseminations (Derrida) and identity sense rearrangements about the oneself experience, in a period of profound transformations that question the continuity and permanence of the and identificatory referents Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. Starting from a psychoanalytic theoretical framework which allows to take the dynamic of symbolizations processes involve at the different expression modes of the representative activity of youngsters (Álvarez, 2010; Schlemenson, 2009). The aim of the project is to approach the theoretical basis of the psychopedagogic treatment with teenagers and adolescents. In particular, we work those specific interventions that promotes writing activities which produce ?at the clinical group setting- opening movements of disseminations (Derrida) and identity sense rearrangements about the oneself experience, in a period of profound transformations that question the continuity and permanence of the and identificatory referents Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. ' in charge of Mrs. Silvia Schlemenson coordination. Starting from a psychoanalytic theoretical framework which allows to take the dynamic of symbolizations processes involve at the different expression modes of the representative activity of youngsters (Álvarez, 2010; Schlemenson, 2009). The aim of the project is to approach the theoretical basis of the psychopedagogic treatment with teenagers and adolescents. In particular, we work those specific interventions that promotes writing activities which produce ?at the clinical group setting- opening movements of disseminations (Derrida) and identity sense rearrangements about the oneself experience, in a period of profound transformations that question the continuity and permanence of the and identificatory referents Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. disseminations (Derrida) and identity sense rearrangements about the oneself experience, in a period of profound transformations that question the continuity and permanence of the and identificatory referents Keywords: Adolescence \/ Writing \/ Symbolization \/ Psychopedadogical Clinic \/ Narrative \/ Margin. ","palabras_clave":"ADOLESCENCIA|ESCRITURA|SIMBOLIZACION|CLINICA PSICOPEDAGOGICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113725,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?Conflicto psíquico y tratamiento psicopedagógico?.","resumen":"REVISTA UNIVERSITARIA DE PSICOANÁLISISVolumen XI\t\tConflicto psíquico y tratamiento psicopedagógico. \t\tPsychic conflict and psycho-pedagogical treatment.\t\tAutor\/es: Silvia Schlemenson y Teresita Bó  \t\tRESUMENEl tratamiento psicopedagógico tiene por objeto elaborar restricciones simbólicas de púberes, adolescentes y&nbsp; niños con problemas de aprendizaje, para mejorar y enriquecer sus formas de pensamiento frecuentemente amenazadas por situaciones conflictivas de carácter restrictivo. Los diferentes conflictos que cada sujeto expresa durante su tratamiento psicopedagógico, pueden ser restrictivos o propulsivos. Los de carácter propulsivo, incluyen estrategias de circulación del afecto plásticas y dinámicas que incorporan recursos diversos y heterogéneos asociables a experiencias de aprendizaje satisfactorias. Los restrictivos en cambio, muestran maneras rígidas de resolución de las situaciones problemáticas que el sujeto atraviesa, frecuentemente ligadas a modos característicos de repetición resolutiva que no reportan complejización en términos representacionales ni incorporan gratificaciones complementarias. En estos casos, los pacientes repiten formas de simbolización&nbsp; producidas por intensos trabajos psíquicos que empobrecen sus recursos representacionales y descienden activamente el deseo de búsqueda de oportunidades de mayor complejidad simbólica. Dichos trabajos, al servicio de la restricción, rigidizan la circulación del afecto alrededor de los objetos sociales con los cuales el sujeto interactúa. En la clínica psicopedagógica, conocer las maneras repetitivas de organización simbólica de cada paciente, le permitirá a los terapeutas intervenir alrededor de las mismas para promover su complejización representacional y ductilidad afectiva.\t\tPalabras clave: \t\tProceso de simbolización - Conflicto psíquico - Intervenciones clínicas\t\tSUMMARY\t\tThe aim of psycho-pedagogical treatment is to help children and adolescents with learning problems to elaborate symbolic restrictions resulting from conflictive situations which threaten their thinking processes.Different conflicts expressed by subjects along psycho-pedagogical treatment can be restrictive or propulsive. Propulsive conflicts involve plastic and dynamic ways of affect- circulation and representational resources, which can be associated to satisfactory learning experiences. On the other hand, restrictive conflicts show rigid, repetitive ways of solving problematic situations which involve neither more psychic complexity nor other forms of complementary fulfillment. In these cases, patients repeat symbolizations characterized by an impoverishing psychic work, with the decrease&nbsp;&nbsp; of both, representational resources and the active search for new investment opportunities. Affect circulation around the social objects a child interacts with becomes rigid with a consequent loss in psychic complexity.In psycho-pedagogical treatment, knowing repetitive ways&nbsp;&nbsp; in each child ´s symbolic organization, allows therapists to design clinical interventions meant to promote psychic complexity and affective plasticity.\t\tKeywords:\t\tSymbolization process - Psychic conflict - Clinical interventions","palabras_clave":"CONFLICTO PSIQUICO|TRATAMIENTO PSICOPEDAGOGICO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113726,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Co,Ba,K\/ZrO2 coated onto metallic foam (AISI 314) as a structured catalyst for soot combustion: Catalytic activity and stability'","resumen":"This work presents results on the catalytic activity  and stability in the diesel soot combustion of a structured catalyst composed  of a Co,Ba,K\/ZrO2 layer coated onto a metallic foam (AISI 314). The washcoated ZrO2  layer, mainly of tetragonal structure, adopted the form of mosaics (flakes)  with interconnected surface cracks. After the impregnation of the active  components, the fresh catalyst was constituted by a complex mixture of phases  originated in the chemical compositions of both the metallic foam and the active  ingredients, the main crystalline phases detected being Cr2O3, FeCr2O4, Mn1.5Cr1.5O4,  ZrO2, BaCO3, K2CrO4 and BaCrO4. The performance of the structured catalyst was  maintained within a wide range of soot:catalyst ratios, which is an important  factor to be considered for practical applications due to the variable soot  amounts that are released by the engine during its operation under different  conditions. The stability of the catalyst was evaluated under loose contact  conditions during 120 h of time-on-stream, showing that the catalytic activity  remained practically constant. The characterization of the fresh and used  catalysts indicated the migration of both Co and K towards more exposed  positions after TPO runs, which could be a positive factor given the oxidizing  properties of Co oxides and the improvement of the soot-to-catalyst contact  given by K species. However, a longer duration or severe ageing temperatures might  lead to sintering and loss of soot oxidation ability.","palabras_clave":"STRUCTURED CATALYSTS|SOOT COMBUSTION|METALLIC FOAM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113727,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"VIRUS WEST NILE EN ARGENTINA: UN AGENTE INFECCIOSO EMERGENTE QUE PLANTEA NUEVOS DESAFIOS","resumen":"The West Nile virus, a human pathogen flavivirus, has recently shown an emergingprocess through the American continent. Since its introduction in 1999 into the United States, it became a concerned pathogen for wild bird populations, because of massive bird deaths events and significant bird population declines. By 2001 the virus has reached countries in South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The true role of this virus as pathogen for wild birds there is unknown, mainly due to the lack of active surveillance systems. Notwithstanding, there is no epizootic event reported yet, in contrast with the epidemiological behaviour of the virus in the United States. In Argentina, its ecoepidemiology is mostly unknown and it has received little attention from ornithologists. There are reports of viral isolations from dead equines, encephalitis and febrile human cases, as well as neutralizing antibodies detections in wild birds in central andnorthern provinces. In this review we provide an updated analysis regarding the ecoepidemiology of West Nile virus, and we give basic insights related to basic virological and epidemiological concepts in order to call the attention of ornithologists on the relationship between pathogens and bird conservation biology. Stronger support on interdisciplinary scientific projects is necessary to provide insight into the biology, ecology and epidemiology of this new viral pathogen in the American continent.","palabras_clave":"WEST NILE VIRUS|FLAVIVIRUS|ECOEPIDEMIOLOGIA|EPIZOOTIAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113728,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evolución del campo de esfuerzos horizontal desde el Eoceno a la actualidad en la cuenca Neuquina","resumen":"Para estudiar la continuidad y la evolución en el tiempo de la dirección de los esfuerzos horizontales en el ámbito de la cuenca Neuquina, se integraron resultados previamente obtenidos a partir del análisis de breakout de pozos con información de diques de asfaltita presentes en la región y diques volcánicos medidos en las sierras de Cara Cura y Reyes. Los diques de bitumen de la cuenca Neuquina se formaron durante el Paleoceno \u2013 Eoceno en un contexto donde el esfuerzo máximo era horizontal y con orientación NE. Dentro de los diques volcánicos analizados se reconocieron dos poblaciones principales, población I (NE) y población II (NNE) y una secundaria, la población III (NO). La edad de estos diques no está aun bien establecida, pero se los relaciona a un evento magmático del Oligoceno tardío \u2013 Mioceno. Tanto entre los diques de bitumen como entre los volcánicos se logró diferenciar una población del tipo I (ENE- NE), dejando en evidencia la dirección del esfuerzo máximo al tiempo de su formación. Más allá de las incertidumbres en la edad de los diques volcánicos y de bitumen, queda claro que durante gran parte del terciario la orientación del esfuerzo horizontal máximo fue NE. Sin embargo, los datos de breakout muestran que en la actualidad es algo distinto con una dirección media ENE. Este cambio en la dirección de los esfuerzos es consistente con el cambio en el vector de subducción producido Eoceno y la actualidad.","palabras_clave":"Diques de bitumen|Breakout de pozos|Esfuerzos|Tectónica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113729,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EL DOMINIO DE LOS BOSQUES SECOS ESTACIONALES NEOTROPICALES Y LA PRESENCIA DEL ARCO PLEISTOCÉNICO EN LA REPÚBLICA DEL PARAGUAY","resumen":"En la presente contribución se analiza la distribución en el Paraguay del Dominio Fitogeográfico de los Bosques Secos Estacionales Neotropicales (BSEN). Asimismo se describen las principales características diferenciales del mismo y se mencionan sus especies más emblemáticas.","palabras_clave":"Bosques Secos|Arco Pleistocénico|Vegetación|Paraguay"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113730,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Plesiosaurios de la Formación Allen (Campaniano-Maastrichtiano) en el área del Salitral de Santa Rosa (Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina)","resumen":"Se describen restos de plesiosaurios de&nbsp;los niveles continentales de la Formación Allen en el Bajo de Santa Rosa, en la provincia de Río Negro.","palabras_clave":"Plesiosauria|Cretácico Superior|Bajo de Santa Rosa|Formación Allen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113731,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Malargüe Group (Maastrichtian-Danian) deposits in the Neuquén Andes, Argentina: Implications for the onset of the first Atlantic transgression related to Western Gondwana break-up","resumen":"The discovery of marine to brackish and fresh-water carbonates in the inner Agrio fold-and-thrust belt at Pichaihue, Neuquén, Argentina, located to the west of the Andean orogenic front, imposes importantconstraints on the paleogeography of the first Atlantic transgression in the Neuquén Basin related to thebreak-up of Western Gondwana. The constraints on the timing and areal extent of these deposits shed light on the early uplift history of the southern Andes. These limestones are part of the Maastrichtian\u2013DanianMalargüe Group, which was previously only known from its exposures in the extra-Andean area, representing foreland basin deposits. The presence of stromatolites, oncoids, serpulids, bivalves and gastropods as well as silicified stems of macrophytes indicates a shallow marine, partially brackish environment associated with non-marine deposits. These strata are interfingered with and overlie distal tuffs and proximal pyroclastic flows, whose geochemical characteristics point to a magmatic arc source. SHRIMP U\u2013Pb dating of volcanic zircons of these tuffs yielded an age of 64.3±0.9 Ma that confirms the correlation to the Maastrichtian\u2013Paleocene marine transgression from the Atlantic Ocean. The change in the paleoslope of the basin from Pacific Ocean transgressions to this Atlantic transgression is related to the uplift and deformation of the Agrio fold-and-thrust belt. The Pichaihue Limestone is unconformably deposited on volcanic agglomerates which in turn unconformably overlie Early Cretaceous deposits. Based on these data, it is confirmed that the Cretaceous uplift of the Andes was episodic at these latitudes, with a first pulse in the Cenomanian and a second one in pre-Maastrichtian times. The episodic uplift is also related to an eastward migration of the thrust front and the volcanic arc, related to a previously proposed shallowing of the subduction zone. These episodes were controlled by the Western Gondwana break-up and the beginning of absolute motion of South America toward the west.","palabras_clave":"CRETÁCICO|TERCIARIO|SHRIMP|NEUQUÉN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113732,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic and Phylogenetic Analyses of Influenza A H1N1pdm Virus in Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"An influenza pandemic caused by swine-origin influenza virus A\/H1N1 (H1N1pdm)spread worldwide in 2009, with 12,080 confirmed cases and 626 deaths in Argentina. Atotal of 330 H1N1pdm viruses were detected from May to August 2009 and phylogeneticand genetic analyses of 21 complete genome sequences from both mild and fatal caseswere achieved with reference to concatenated whole genomes. In addition, the analysisof another 16 hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA) and matrix (M) gene sequencesof Argentinean isolates was performed. The timeline microevolution and resistancemonitoring of an NA fragment from 228 samples throughout the 2009 pandemic peakwas assessed by sequencing and pyrosequencing. We also assessed the viral growthkinetics for samples with replacements at genomic level or special clinical features. Inthis study we found that the Argentinean complete genome sequences clustered withglobally-distributed clade seven sequences by Bayesian inference. The HA sequenceswere related to samples from the northern hemisphere autumn-winter from September-December 2009. The NA of Argentinean sequences belonged to the New York group.The N-4 fragment as well as the hierarchical clustering of samples showed that aconsensus sequence prevailed in time but also that different variants, including fiveH275Y oseltamivir-resistant strains, arose from May to August 2009. Fatal andoseltamivir-resistant isolates had impaired growth and small plaque phenotypecompared to oseltamivir-sensitive and consensus strains. Although these strains mightnot be fitted enough to spread in the entire population, molecular surveillance proved tobe essential to monitor resistance and viral dynamics in our country.","palabras_clave":"INFLUENZA A VIRUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113733,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"LABORATORIO DE ENSAYOS DE EQUIPOS ELECTRICOS SOLARES DEL INENCO: CARACTERIZACIÓN DE EQUIPOS FV PROVISTOS A TRAVES DEL PERMER, PRIMEROS RESULTADOS","resumen":"En el este trabajo se describen algunos procedimientos de ensayo de paneles fotovoltaicos, controladores de carga,acumuladores de plomo ? ácido y conversores CC ? CC. Se muestran también los primeros resultados obtenidos de lacaracterización de dichos equipos eléctricos (unos 100 paneles 50 acumuladores, 50 controladores de carga y conversores),destinados a Licitación Internacional PERMER- FA-LPI B-C: ?Provisión e instalación de equipos fotovoltaicos e instalacióninterna en viviendas rurales de diversas provincias etapa 1?, correspondiente a las provincias de Salta, Tucumán y Chaco. Losmismos se realizaron en distintos laboratorios del INENCO, por equipos de estudiantes y docentes, de acuerdo a NormasIRAM para la mayoría de los casos, aunque también en función de lo acordado con el Ente Regulador de los ServiciosPúblicos de Salta, y los equivalentes de las otras dos provincias mencionadas anteriormente.","palabras_clave":"fotovoltaico|controlador|ensayos|acumulador"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113734,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DETERMINACION DE LA EFICIENCIA DE CONVERSIÓN DEL INVERSOR EMPLEADO EN UN SISTEMA DE GENERACIÓN FOTOVOLTAICA CONECTADO A RED INSTALADO EN EL NORDESTE ARGENTINO","resumen":"Con el objeto de estudiar la factibilidad del empleo de sistemas de generación fotovoltaica conectados a   red (SFCR) para implementar generación distribuida en redes de baja tensión, el Grupo en Energías Renovables   (GER) realizó el dimensionamiento, instalación y monitoreo de un SFCR con una capacidad de generación de 500 W   de potencia pico. En este estudio se presenta la configuración adoptada para la implementación del sistema, los   equipos empleados y la metodología utilizada para la caracterización de uno de sus componentes, el inversor para   conexión a red. En el desarrollo de este artículo se presentan curvas experimentales y teóricas de la variación de la   eficiencia del inversor para diferentes condiciones de funcionamiento y se determinan los parámetros de ajuste de un   modelo matemático que describe esta eficiencia. Por último se listan valores medios de funcionamiento que   caracterizan parcialmente la energía inyectada a red. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que se instalo y puso   en marcha con éxito el primer SFCR en la región nordeste de la Argentina y que el inversor instalado funciona con   una eficiencia media del 89,4% sin ocasionar perturbaciones apreciables en los parámetros característicos de la red de   baja tensión a la que se conecta","palabras_clave":"Sistemas Fotovoltaicos|Conexión a Red|Generación Distribuida|Inversor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113735,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA EN UNA ESCUELA RURAL EQUIPADA CON UN SISTEMA  FOTOVOLTAICO AUTÓNOMO: UN CASO DE ESTUDIO EN LA PROVINCIA DE CORRIENTES","resumen":"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Con el fin de implementar un sistema de monitoreo continuo en SFCR, partiendo de la premisa de nointerferir en el proceso de generación, este artículo presenta una metodología, de fácil implementación para sistemasde monitoreo, que permite realizar una traslación lineal a condiciones estándar para normalizar los puntos de máximapotencia y corroborar la capacidad de generación del sistema. Esta metodología utiliza parámetros correspondientesal modelo equivalente eléctrico, y permite evaluar los desvíos en comparación con curvas I-V simuladas en el entornodel punto de máxima y por medio de curvas reales. Estos desvíos son analizados y se presentan los resultadosobtenidos. Se concluye que la traslación lineal puede ser usada para la verificación del correcto funcionamiento dearreglos fotovoltaicos, cuando el punto de máxima potencia presente un desvió mayor al 10%.","palabras_clave":"fotovoltaico|monitoreo|traslacion|medida"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113736,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The effect of structure on tensile properties of directionally solidified Zn-based alloys","resumen":"The main objective of this study was to measure thermal parameters (cooling rates, temperature gradients and velocities of the  liquidus and  solidus isotherms), structural parameters (grain size and primary and secondary dendritic arm spacings) and  tensile parameters (maximum tensile strength (MTS), yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS)) in Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) hypoeutectic (Zn-3 wt%Al) and hypereutectic (Zn-10 wt%Al, Zn-20 wt%Al, Zn-30 wt%Al, Zn-37 wt%Al and Zn-50 wt%Al) alloys directionally solidified which present columnar, equiaxed and columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) structures. The different types of structures were analyzed with optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Correlations between temperature gradient, cooling rate, local solidification time, grain size and dendritic spacings and tensile tests parameters are presented and discussed. The results show the influence of concentration, microstructural arrangement and thermal conditions on the mechanical properties during the solidification process.  ","palabras_clave":"Columnar-to-equiaxed grain transition|Directional solidification|Dendrites|Mechanicalproperties"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113737,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DETERMINACIÓN DE LA POROSIDAD EN ALEACIONES ZINC-ALUMINIO EMPLEANDO EL CRITERIO DE NIYAMA","resumen":"El criterio de Niyama es un parámetro térmico local de uso muy frecuente en software de modelización de la solidificación de aleaciones y que frecuentemente es utilizado para predecir defectos de porosidad en fundiciones de acero. Estudios adicionales muestran que el criterio de Niyama para determinar macro y micro porosidad también podría ser aplicado a otras aleaciones diferentes a los aceros,como por ejemplo a las aleaciones de aluminio A356 y las de aluminio magnesio AZ91D, aunque no se han encontrado validaciones con datos experimentales.  En el presente trabajo se solidificaron unidireccional y horizontalmente  aleaciones Zn-Al de diferentes concentraciones (Zn-10%Al, Zn-15%Al, Zn-17,2%Al y Zn-27%Al) empleando una extracción calórica en dos sentidos opuestos. Se analizaron las macroestructuras y microestructuras obtenidas, así como los defectos superficiales, se calcularon los parámetros térmicos de las aleaciones (gradientes de  temperatura y velocidades de enfriamiento) a los efectos de calcular los números de Niyama. Se encontró que existen números umbrales críticos a partir de los cuales la macroporosidad es evidente. Además, se modelizaron los números de Niyama utilizando funciones de tipo Lorentzianas negativas.","palabras_clave":"POROSIDAD|ALEACIONES ZINC-ALUMINIO|CRITERIO DE NIYAMA|SOLIDIFICACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113738,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kleptoparasitism by the Caracara Chimango (Milvago chimango) on the American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) at Mar Chiquita Lagoon, Argentina","resumen":"This study provides a qualitative and quantitative description of the kleptoparasitic behaviour of Milvago chimango on the Haematopus palliatus. Focal observations were performed at Mar Chiquita Lagoon (Argentina) recording a total of 29 kleptoparasitic attempts. All events of kleptoparasitism were performed when oystercatchers were feeding on two infaunal prey: Tagelus plebeius and Cyrtograpsus angulatus. The size of the prey involved in the successful kleptoparasitic events differed significantly from the size of those registered during the unsuccessful ones. Caracara Chimango stole food from oystercatchers by means of two tactics (i.e. running and flying); the flying tactic was the most frequently employed (95% of the cases). When the kleptoparasite attacked, the hosts adopted two retaliation strategies: vocalization-pecking and running with the prey in the bill. The comparison between responses made by oystercatchers revealed an absence of statistically significant differences in their frequency. Our results suggest that the kleptoparasitism by Caracara Chimango might be affecting the feeding behaviour of the oystercatchers.","palabras_clave":"KLEPTOPARASITISM|FORAGING STRATEGY|MILVAGO CHIMANGO|HAEMATOPUS PALLIATUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113739,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"IRRUPCION DEL CAPITAL EXTRANJERO EN ARGENTINA. Caso de la gran minería","resumen":"En Argentina la gran minería es uno de los renglones que más se ha catapultado como forma de acumulación, gozando de aceptación generalizada entre empresarios, organismos multilaterales y entes nacionales. Gradualmente la gran minería se ha venido constituyendo en una de las principales ramas del sector primario y exportador de países en el área suramericana, lo cual también ha significado, que decenas de territorios en la región se hayan comprometido con un modelo de extracción muy particular, con peligrosas repercusiones socio políticas a nivel regional. En la década del 2000, se generaliza el modelo extractivo y se planifica un sistema integrado económico y productivo. Si bien, políticamente luego se restringen ciertos elementos del modelo liberalizador y privatizador propios de la década anterior, se filtran otros ya instaurados, que en definitiva no interrumpen las formas de acumulación del gran capital en el sector primario de la economía.","palabras_clave":"Minería a cielo abierto|Emprendimientos mineros|Modelo exractivo|Enclave extractivo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113740,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"QUANTITATIVE OPTICAL EXTINCTION-BASED PARAMETRIC METHOD FOR SIZING A SINGLE CORE-SHELL Ag-Ag2O NANOPARTICLE","resumen":"This paper develops a parametric method for determining the core radius and shell thickness in small silver-silver-oxide core-shell nanoparticles (Nps) based on single particle opticalextinction spectroscopy.The method is based on the study of the relationship between plasmon peak wavelength,full width at half maximum (FWHM) and contrast of the extinction spectra as a function ofcore radius and shell thickness. This study reveals that plasmon peak wavelength is stronglydependent on shell thickness, whereas FWHM and contrast depend on both variables. Thesecharacteristics may be used for establishing an easy and fast stepwise procedure to sizecore-shell Nps from single particle absorption spectrum. The importance of the method lies in the possibility of monitoring the growth of the silver-oxide layer around small spherical silver Nps in real time.Using the electrostatic approximation of Mie theory, core-shell single particle extinctionspectra were calculated for a silver particle´s core size smaller than about 20 nm and different thicknesses of silver oxide around it. Analysis of the obtained curves shows a very particular characteristic of the plasmon peak of small silver-silver oxide Nps, expressed in the fact that its position is strongly dependent on oxide thickness and weakly dependent on the core radius. Even a very thin oxide layer shifts the plasmon peak noticeably, enabling plasmon tuning with appropriate shell thickness.This characteristic, together with the behaviour of FWHM and contrast of the extinctionspectra can be combined into a parametric method for sizing both core and shell of singlesilver Nps in a medium using only optical information. In turn, shell thickness can be relatedto oxygen content in the Np´s surrounding media.The method proposed is applied to size silver Nps from single particle extinction spectrum. The results are compared with full optical spectrum fitting using the electrostaticapproximation in Mie theory. The method may be the basis for developing a plasmonic sensor for O2 concentration based on Ag single NP spectroscopy.                ","palabras_clave":"SINGLE CORE-SHELL Ag-Ag2O NANOPARTICLE|OPTICAL EXTINCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113741,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Neoliberalismo redivivo: consideraciones en torno al inédito proyecto de extracción de hidrocarburos en la provincia del Chaco","resumen":"En el presente artículo enmarcaremos el proyecto de exploración y extracción de hidrocarburos impulsado por el gobierno de la provincia del Chaco desde julio de 2008, a partir de la plena vigencia del neoliberalismo en, al menos, tres niveles: el modelo de gestión, explotación y comercialización de hidrocarburos, consolidado por el kirchnerismo entre 2003 y 2007, y a partir del cual se torna imposible el manejo estratégico del recurso; el ahogo presupuestario y los crecientes déficits fiscales experimentados por las provincias desde 2004, producto de la ruina de las economías locales, la transferencia de la provisión y garantía de derechos básicos \u2013educación y salud, entre otros- desde la Nación, y un esquema tributario profundamente regresivo; y, finalmente, el renovado perfil extractivo de la economía nacional una vez desmantelado el modelo de desarrollo de industrialización por sustitución de importaciones.","palabras_clave":"Neoliberalismo|Hidrocarburos|Chaco"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113742,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PI3K\/AKT pathway regulates phosphorylation of steroid receptors, hormone independence and tumor differentiation in breast cancer","resumen":"Using a model of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-induced mouse mammary tumors that transit through different stages of hormone dependence, we previously reported that the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)\/AKT (protein kinase B) pathway is critical for the growth of hormone-independent (HI) mammary carcinomas but not for the growth of hormone-dependent (HD) mammary carcinomas. The objective of this work was to explore whether the activation of the PI3K\/AKT pathway is responsible for the changes in tumor phenotype and for the transition to autonomous growth. We found that the inhibition of the PI3K\/ AKT\/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway suppresses HI tumor growth. In addition, we were able to induce mammary tumors in mice in the absence of MPA by inoculating HD tumor cells expressing a constitutively active form of AKT1, myristoylated AKT1 (myrAKT1). These tumors were highly differentiated and displayed a ductal phenotype with laminin-1 and cytokeratin 8 ex- pression patterns typical of HI tumors. Furthermore, myrAKT1 increased the tumor growth of IBH-6 and IBH-7 human breast cancer cell lines. In the estrogen-dependent IBH-7 cell line, myrAKT1 induced estrogen-independent growth accompanied by the expression of the adhesion markers focal adhesion kinase and E-cadherin. Finally, we found that cells expressing myrAKT1 exhibited increased phosphorylation of the progesterone receptor at Ser190 and Ser294 and of the estrogen receptor a at Ser118 and Ser167, independently of exogenous MPA or estrogen supply. Our results indicate that the activation of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway promotes tissue architecture remodeling and the activation of steroid receptors.","palabras_clave":"cancer|AKT|steroid receptors|hormone independence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113743,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The use of asphalt low shear viscosity to predict permanent deformation performance of asphalt concrete","resumen":"The permanent deformation performance of asphalt concrete is strongly dependent on therheological properties of the asphalt binder. It has been recognized that the asphalt?s low shear viscosity (LSV) characterizes the mixture?s rutting resistance. At the same time, the pavement temperature is one of the main factors that significantly affect the mixture performance. In this work the rutting performance of mixtures prepared with the same aggregate gradation and different binders [conventional (C), multigrade (M) and polymer modified (PM) asphalts] wereevaluated by using wheel tracking tests (WTT) performed at 50, 60, 70 and 80 C; in parallel, theLSV of asphalts were measured at the same temperatures.The relationship between the asphalt?s LSV and rutting, to predict asphalt mixture performance,was discussed and a criterion to consider the effect of LSV is proposed.","palabras_clave":"Low Shear Viscosity (LSV)|Rutting|Asphalt concrete performance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113744,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photomodulation of macroscopic properties","resumen":"We review macroscopic properties of materials that can be modulated by light through switching between the two stable states of a photochromic system. In special cases, the photochromic compound is the only component of the material, but in most cases it is either embedded or covalently linked to a suitable host, which is normally a liquid crystalline phase, a glassy or a rubbery polymer, or an interface. We analyze examples that illustrate changes in refractive index, transmission of polarized light, reflectivity, light dispersion, polarization, charge transport capability, dielectrical properties, stable phase, microscopic surface relief in large areas, hydrophobicity of the surface, permeability, and even bulk mechanical deformations. The basis of such changes at a molecular level is associated with a difference in the shape, dipole moment, polarizability, or electronic features of the photochromic species, and their different interaction with the environment. In some cases, studies were performed at the single molecule level. Each effect is discussed stressing the favorable features of the particular photochromic compounds to induce the changes and its interaction with the environment that make it suitable for the appointed application.","palabras_clave":"Photochromism|Liquid crystals|Polymers|Photomodulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113745,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Critical effects on attractive solutes in binary liquid mixtures close to their consolute point: a new experimental strategy","resumen":"The effect of near-criticality upon the properties of dilute solutionsof attractive solutes has been previously studied only using pure solventsclose to the vapor-liquid critical point. The experimental difficulties thatplague this thermodynamic region have obscured somewhat the interpretations ofthe results. Consequently the coupling of long-range critical fluctuations withshort-range intermolecular interactions is still a matter of debate. We developed a new strategy consisting in studyingthe changes in the solvation shell of probe molecules dissolved in a binarysolvent mixture close to its lower consolute critical point.&nbsp; The study is based on UV-Vis absorption andfluorescent emission measurements of the solvatochromic and thermochromiceffects of two dyes, Reichardt's dye and Nile Red, dissolved in mixtures oflutidine-water.&nbsp; The results showunambiguously the existence of a subtle change in the composition of the near critical solventsurrounding the probe molecules with respect to the bulk composition, thus weconclude that the coupling of long-range fluctuations with short-rangeinteractions is now firmly established.","palabras_clave":"critical phenomena|local concentration enhancement|solvation|absorption and emission spectroscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113746,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Proton transfer from 2-naphthol to aliphatic amines in supercritical CO2","resumen":"The proton transfer from 2-naphthol to aliphatic amines was studied in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and in cyclohexane as reference solvent, by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and by time-resolved emission. Irradiation of 2-naphthol in scCO2 in the presence of ethyldiisopropylamine shows dynamic fluorescence quenching of the acidic form of 2-naphthol and emission from the basic form. Fluorescence excitation spectra show that the emission of the basic form is originated upon excitation of the acidic form. The interaction between 2-naphthol and the amines is described by the formation of a complex with proton donor\u2013acceptor character in the ground and excited states of 2-naphthol. The acidity increase of 2-naphthol upon electronic excitation to the first excited singlet in scCO2 is as high as in water. Proton transfer quantum yields of 0.6 can be easily achieved in scCO2. The results have implications for carrying out acid\u2013base catalyzed reactions in scCO2.","palabras_clave":"PROTON-TRANSFER|2-NAPHTHOL|AMINES|SUPERCRITICAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113747,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Composite of irreducible morphisms in the bounded derived category","resumen":"We study necessary and sucient conditions for the existence  of n irreducible morphisms in the bounded derived category of an Artin  algebra, with non zero composite in the n + 1-power of the radical, for  n  2. In the case of Db(H); the bounded derived category of an Ext-nite  hereditary k-category H with a tilting object, such irreducible morphisms  exist if and only if H is derived equivalent to a wild hereditary algebra orto a wild canonical algebra. We also characterize the cluster tilted algebras having such irreducible morphisms.","palabras_clave":"IRREDUCIBLE MORPHISM|DERIVED CATEGORY|CLUSTER TILTED|WILD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113748,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The composite of irreducible morphisms in regular components","resumen":"We study when the composite of n irreducible morphisms  between modules in a regular component of the Auslander-Reiten quiver  is nonzero and lies in the n+1-th power of the radical R of the module  category. We prove that in this case such a composite belongs to R^infinite.  We apply these results to characterize those string algebras having n  irreducible morphisms between band modules such that their composite  is a non-zero morphism in R^n+1.","palabras_clave":"regular tube|degree of irreducible morphism|mesh category|radical infinite"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113749,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Continuum-orientation phenomena in ionization by positron impact","resumen":"Ionization collisions by positron impact at low and intermediate energies are investigated by means of a classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) simulation. Calculations of fully differential cross sections unveil a remarkable dynamical orientation of the electron\u2013positron continuum dipole. Actually, by means of the CTMC simulation we show that, for electron velocities close to the final positron velocity, the dipole is narrowly oriented along the direction of motion of its centre-of-mass, with the negative charge pointing towards the residual target, i.e. emitted at lower energies than the positron. The characteristic features of this phenomenon are studied. Also, several future experiments and calculations are proposed. The possible outcomes of this further research might help to unveil the mechanisms responsible for the appearance of this orientation effect.","palabras_clave":"IONIZATION|POSITRON|ORIENTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113750,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Laboratorio virtual de análisis numérico: aproximación de soluciones de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias y en derivadas parciales","resumen":"El ?Laboratorio Virtual de Análisis Numérico? de la Facultad Regional San Nicolás (FRSN) está constituido por ventanas personalizadas diseñadas por las autoras en Scilab, y abarca todos los temas que se tratan en las cátedras de Análisis Numérico de la FRSN. Dichas aplicaciones no sólo tienen en cuenta las necesidades que se detectan en la materia, sino también las particularidades de los alumnos respecto a su manera de aprender.   Dentro de este laboratorio se pueden abordar los siguientes temas: resolución de ecuaciones no lineales, resolución de sistemas de ecuaciones lineales, resolución de sistemas de ecuaciones no lineales, interpolación y ajuste de curvas, integración numérica, resolución de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias y resolución de ecuaciones diferenciales en derivadas parciales.  Las distintas herramientas visuales que constituyen el laboratorio permiten al alumno aplicar distintos métodos numéricos con la ventaja de poder analizar los resultados sin la necesidad, en un principio, de tener que programar el código.  La capacitación que se requiere para utilizar estas ventanas es mínima debido a que fueron diseñadas de manera que presenten una interfaz muy sencilla de utilizar. Esto posibilita a los alumnos concentrarse en los conceptos o conocimientos matemáticos que el docente quiere profundizar o destacar, sin la necesidad de que se domine la sintaxis del software utilizado.  Este laboratorio se ha ido enriqueciendo desde su diseño inicial en el año 2007, y está en permanente evolución, atento a la experiencia de la utilización con los distintos grupos de alumnos. Actualmente todas las aplicaciones que se utilizan están desarrolladas en software libre.  En este trabajo se presenta una nueva versión de las ventanas personalizadas que permiten utilizar distintos métodos para aproximar la solución de problemas modelados por ecuaciones diferenciales, tanto ordinarias como parciales. Estas aplicaciones serán utilizadas en el segundo cuatrimestre de 2011, en las cátedras de Análisis Numérico que se dictan en el segundo año de las carreras Ingeniería Eléctrica e Ingeniería Electrónica y en el tercer año de las carreras Ingeniería Mecánica e Ingeniería Industrial de la FRSN.","palabras_clave":"ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES|MÉTODOS NUMÉRICOS|SOFTWARE LIBRE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113751,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Large caviomorph rodent footprints of the Late Oligocene Vinchina Formation, Argentina","resumen":"Footprints and trackways provide valuable information about trackmaker behaviour,locomotion, spatial and temporal distribution, among others. Here we describe tetradactylmammalian footprints and trackways recorded in Late Oligocene meanderingfluvial deposits of the Vinchina Formation (Oligocene - Early Miocene). The morphologicalanalysis of the footprints suggests that they were produced most likely by dinomyidcaviomorph rodents or a close relative. The footprints, unlike any previously recorded,are designated to a new ichnospecies, Tacheria troyana. The occurrence of these footprintspotentially extends the temporal record of dinomyids in Argentina to the Late Oligocene.","palabras_clave":"TRACE FOSSIL|CENOZOIC|SOUTH AMERICA|DINOMYD CAVIOMORPH RODENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113752,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gene expression changes in steroid-induced iop elevation in bovine trabecular meshwork","resumen":"PURPOSE. To determine whether gene expression changes occur  in the trabecular meshwork (TM) of cow eyes with steroidinduced  intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation.  METHODS. Adult female Braford cows (n  4) were subjected to  uniocular prednisolone acetate treatment for 6 weeks. IOP was  monitored with an applanation tonometer. At the conclusion  of the experiment, animals were euthanized, eyes were enucleated,  and the TM was dissected and stored in an aqueous  nontoxic tissue storage reagent. RNA was extracted and subjected  to microarray analysis using commercial oligonucleotide  bovine arrays. Some of the genes differentially expressed between  control and experimental eyes were confirmed by quantitative  RT-PCR and some of the respective proteins were  studied by immunoblotting.  RESULTS. IOP began to increase after 3 weeks of treatment,  reaching a peak 2 weeks later. IOP differences between corticosteroid-  treated and fellow control eyes were 6  1 mm Hg  (mean  SD) at the conclusion of the study. Microarray analysis  revealed that expression of 258 genes was upregulated,  whereas expression of 187 genes was downregulated in the  TM of eyes with steroid-induced IOP elevation. Genes identified  to be differentially expressed include genes coding for  cytoskeletal proteins, enzymes, growth and transcription factors,  as well as extracellular matrix proteins and immune response  proteins. A number of relevant gene networks were  detected by bioinformatic analysis.  CONCLUSIONS. Steroid-induced IOP elevation alters gene expression  in the bovine TM. Identification of genes with changing  expression in this model of open-angle glaucoma may help  elucidate the primary changes occurring at the molecular level  in this condition.","palabras_clave":"GENE|GLAUCOMA|MESHWORK|CHANGES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113753,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative study on the in vitro and in vivo properties of two bovine herpesvirus-5 reference strains","resumen":"Background: Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) is an alphaherpesvirus responsible for meningoencephalitis in young cattle and it is antigenically and genetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1. BoHV-5 outbreaks are sporadic and restricted in their geographical distribution, being mostly detected in the Southern hemisphere. The N569 and A663 strains are prototypes of the ?a? and ?b? subtypes of BoHV-5, however, scarce information about their in vitro and in vivo properties is currently available.Methods: For the in vitro comparison between BoHV-5 A663 and N569 strains, viral growth kinetics, lysis and infection plaque size assays were performed. Additionally, an experimental infection of cattle with BoHV-5 A663 and N569 strains was carried out. Viral excretion, development of neurological signs, presence of specific antibodies in serum and nasal swabs and presence of latent BoHV-5 DNA in trigeminal ganglion, were analyzed. Histopathological examination of samples belonging to inoculated animals was also performed.Results: The lytic capacity and the cell-to-cell spread was lower for the A663 strain compared to the N569 strain, however, the production of total infectious viral particles was similar between both strains. Concerning the in vivo properties, the A663 and N569 strains are able to induce similar degrees of pathogenicity in cattle.Conclusions: Our results show that the A663 strain used in this study is less adapted to in vitro replication in MDBK cells than the N569 strain and, although slight differences were observed, both strains are able to induce a similar degree of virulence in the natural host.","palabras_clave":"BOVINE HERPESVIRUS 5|A663 AND N569 STRAINS|IN VITRO PROPERTIES|VIRULENCE|CATTLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113754,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of chia seed oils obtained by pressing and solvent extraction","resumen":"The oil yield, fatty acid composition and the physicochemical and quality characteristics of chia crude seed oils obtained by pressing and solvent extraction were determined. The extraction methods assayed influenced significantly the oil yield, obtaining about 30% more oil by solvent than by pressing. The main fatty acids ranked in the following order of abundance: alfa-linolenic acid (a Ln) > linoleic acid (L) > oleic  acid (O)  palmitic acid (P) > stearic acid (S) for both extraction systems. The n-3\/n-6 FA ratio of chia oils ranged from 3.18 to 4.18, being markedly higher than that reported for other vegetable oils. The main triacylglycerols were: aLnaLnaLn > aLnaLnL > aLnLL > aLnaLnP > aLnLO  aLnLP, which represent about 87-95% of the total content of these compounds. The quality and composition of some minor constituents of chia seed oils were influenced by the extraction process. Oils presented a moderate content of bioactive components, such as tocopherols, polyphenols, carotenoids and phospholipids; the high unsaturation level determined their low oxidative stability.","palabras_clave":"Salvia hispanica L.|Seed Oil|Omega-3 fatty acid|Extraction system|Polyunsaturated fatty acids|Oxidative stability|Antioxidants|Biodiversity   |Traditional food|Food analysis|Food composition"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113755,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El 'Castillo de Senta' y la frontera. Continuidades y discontinuidades en el espacio, en el tiempo y entre disciplinas.","resumen":"En este trabajo presentamos y analizamos documentación inédita procedente del Archivo General de Indias que fecha la construcción de un 'castillo fortaleza' en el 'Valle del Senta', a mediados del siglo XVII. Su localización, aproximadamente 'a diez leguas' del pueblo de Humahuaca, es coincidente con el emplazamiento de un yacimiento arqueológico reconocido académicamente como una fortaleza incaica. A partir de este caso de estudio, examinamos las continuidades y discontinuidades en la región oriental de la Quebrada de Humahuaca a través del tiempo y del territorio. Tomamos como eje de análisis el concepto de frontera pues nos permite pensar en la relación entre Historia y Arqueología en lo que concierne al estudio de los primeros siglos de la conquista española en nuestra región de estudio.","palabras_clave":"Frontera oriental de Humahuaca|Castillo de Senta|Arqueología e Historia|Territorio"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113756,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":": Phenotypic and molecular characterization of selected tomato recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross Solanum lycopersicum x S. pimpinellifolium","resumen":"An important trait defining fresh tomato marketability is fruit shelf life. Exotic germplasm of Solanum pimpinellifolium isable to prolong shelf life. Sixteen recombinant inbred lines with differing values of shelf life and fruit weight were derived byantagonistic-divergent selection from an interspecific cross involving Solanum pimpinellifolium. The objective of this studywas to evaluate these recombinant inbred lines for many fruit quality traits such as diameter, height, size, acidity, colour,firmness, shelf life and weight, and to characterize them by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. For most traits,a wide range of genetic variability was found and a wide range of molecular variation was also detected. Both sets of dataallowed the identification of recombinant inbred lines by means of cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Geneticassociation among some amplified fragment length polymorphism markers and fruit quality traits, suggested by the principalcomponent analysis, could be identified by single point analysis. Potential molecular markers underlying agronomical traitswere detected in these recombinant inbred lines.Solanum pimpinellifolium isable to prolong shelf life. Sixteen recombinant inbred lines with differing values of shelf life and fruit weight were derived byantagonistic-divergent selection from an interspecific cross involving Solanum pimpinellifolium. The objective of this studywas to evaluate these recombinant inbred lines for many fruit quality traits such as diameter, height, size, acidity, colour,firmness, shelf life and weight, and to characterize them by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. For most traits,a wide range of genetic variability was found and a wide range of molecular variation was also detected. Both sets of dataallowed the identification of recombinant inbred lines by means of cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Geneticassociation among some amplified fragment length polymorphism markers and fruit quality traits, suggested by the principalcomponent analysis, could be identified by single point analysis. Potential molecular markers underlying agronomical traitswere detected in these recombinant inbred lines.Solanum pimpinellifolium. The objective of this studywas to evaluate these recombinant inbred lines for many fruit quality traits such as diameter, height, size, acidity, colour,firmness, shelf life and weight, and to characterize them by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. For most traits,a wide range of genetic variability was found and a wide range of molecular variation was also detected. Both sets of dataallowed the identification of recombinant inbred lines by means of cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Geneticassociation among some amplified fragment length polymorphism markers and fruit quality traits, suggested by the principalcomponent analysis, could be identified by single point analysis. Potential molecular markers underlying agronomical traitswere detected in these recombinant inbred lines.","palabras_clave":"plant breeding |plant genetic resources|AFLP|fruit shelf life|Principal Component Analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113757,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Genética molecular de caracteres cuantitativos en cruzamientos dialélicos de tomate","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar marcadores moleculares y caracteres cuantitativos en uncruzamiento dialélico completo sin recíprocos, entre cinco líneas recombinantes de tomate y sus híbridos.Se obtuvieron perfiles de AFLP ('amplified fragment length polymorphism') y de polipéptidos del pericarpio encuatro estados de madurez del fruto de 15 genotipos. Se evaluaron, entre otros: peso, acidez titulable, pH, vidaposcosecha y firmeza. Se calculó el porcentaje de polimorfismo para los marcadores moleculares y el porcentajede variabilidad genética para los caracteres cuantitativos en el grupo de líneas recombinantes, el de híbridos y elconjunto de genotipos. Se realizaron análisis de agrupamiento con cada nivel de variación genética. Para AFLP,el porcentaje de polimorfismo varió entre 34 y 54% y, para los perfiles polipeptídicos, entre 40 y 78%. Mayorpolimorfismo fue observado en el grupo de híbridos. La variabilidad genética fue de 100% para acidez y 34% parafirmeza, con los mayores valores en los parentales. La similitud genética varió entre los genotipos según el nivelde variación genética; pero la consistencia en el agrupamiento de algunas líneas recombinantes y sus híbridos fueconservada, lo que evidenció asociaciones entre los datos moleculares y fenotípicos","palabras_clave":"Lycopersicon|biotecnología|calidad de fruto|mejoramiento genético vegetal|recursos fitogenéticos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113758,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Ligamiento genético entre variables asociadas a calidad del fruto de tomate y polipéptidos expresados en dos estados de madurez","resumen":"Los perfiles de polipéptidos proveen información sobre la constitución genética de un individuo y su expresión, y son útiles como marcadores moleculares. El objetivo del trabajo fue detectar ligamiento entre los perfiles de polipéptidos del pericarpio en dos estados de madurez y caracteres cuantitativos y de calidad de los frutos, analizando 21 genotipos de tomate. Se obtuvieron los perfiles polipéptidos en los estados verde y rojo maduro de frutos de 18 líneas endocriadas recombinantes (RILs, recombinant inbred lines), derivadas de un cruzamiento interespecífico entre el cultivar Caimanta de S. lycopersicum y la entrada LA722 de S. pimpinellifolium, que se incluyeron como testigos experimentales junto a su F1. En estos 21 genotipos se evaluarontambién vida poscosecha, peso, firmeza, porcentaje de reflectancia, índice cromático, forma, pH, acidez titulable, contenido de sólidos solubles, espesor de pericarpio y número de lóculos de los frutos. Los perfiles mostraron polimorfismo entre los estados de madurez dentro de un mismo genotipo y entre genotipos para un mismo estado de madurez. Algunos polipéptidos segregaron de forma mendeliana (1:1) y, por análisis de un único punto, mostraron ligamiento con caracteres de calidad del fruto. Se detectaron loci de caracteres cuantitativos (QTLs, quantitative trait loci) asociados a número de lóculos, peso, pH, firmeza y vida poscosecha de los frutos.","palabras_clave":"Solanum sección Lycopersicon|recursos fitogenéticos|mejoramiento vegetal|marcadores moleculares|QTLs (loci de caracteres cuantitativos)"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113759,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CARDIAC THYROTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE MEDIATES LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS","resumen":"  Abstract?Local thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) may be involved in cardiac pathophysiology, but its role in left  ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is still unknown. We studied whether local TRH is involved in LVH of spontaneously  hypertensive rats (SHR) by investigating TRH expression and its long-term inhibition by interference RNA  (TRH-iRNA) during LVH development at 2 stages (prehypertrophy and hypertrophy). SHR and their control rats  (WKY) were compared.?Local thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) may be involved in cardiac pathophysiology, but its role in left  ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is still unknown. We studied whether local TRH is involved in LVH of spontaneously  hypertensive rats (SHR) by investigating TRH expression and its long-term inhibition by interference RNA  (TRH-iRNA) during LVH development at 2 stages (prehypertrophy and hypertrophy). SHR and their control rats  (WKY) were compared.","palabras_clave":"CARDIAC THYROTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE|LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY|SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113760,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Non-genomic steroid- and ceramide-induced maturation in amphibian oocytes involves functional caveolae-like microdomains associated to a cytoskeletal environment","resumen":"Stimulation of full-grown amphibian oocytes with progesterone initiates a non-transcriptional signaling pathway that converges in the activation of Cdc2\/cyclin B and reentry into meiosis. We observed that cholesterol depletion mediated by methyl-&#946;-cyclodextrin (M&#946;CD) inhibited meiotic maturation suggesting involvement of membrane rafts. In the present study, we further characterized caveolae-like membranes from Rhinella arenarum oocytes biochemically and functionally. The identification by mass spectrometry of a non-muscle myosin heavy-chain associated to caveolar membranes evidenced direct involvement of the underlying cytoskeletal environment in the structure of oocyte rafts. Biophysical analysis using the fluorescent probe Laurdan revealed that M&#946;CD-mediated cholesterol depletion affected membrane lipid order. In line with this finding, cholesterol removal also affected the localization of the raft marker lipid GM1. Results demonstrated that ceramide is an effective inducer of maturation that alters the distribution of the raft markers caveolin-1, c-Src and GM1, while progesterone seems not to affect membrane microdomain integrity. Cholesterol depletion had a greater effect on ceramide-induced maturation thus suggesting that ceramide is an inducer more vulnerable to changes in the plasma membrane. M&#946;CD treatment delayed tyrosine phosphorylation and MAPK activation in progesterone-induced maturation. Functional studies regarding tyrosine phosphorylation raise the possibility that the hormone receptor is located in the non-raft membrane in the absence of ligand and that it translocates to the caveola when it binds to progesterone. The presence of raft markers and the finding of signaling molecules from MAPK cascade functionally associated to oocyte light membranes suggest that this caveolae rich-fraction efficiently recreates, in part, maturation signaling.","palabras_clave":"AMPHIBIAN OOCYTES|MEIOTIC MATURATION|CAVEOLAE|CERAMIDE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113761,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Denning Ecology of Molina's Hog-Nosed Skunk in a Farmland Area in the Pampas Grassland of Argentina","resumen":"This paper reports the very first data on the denning habits of the little studied Molina\u2019s hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus chinga). We identified and characterized 240 (males: n = 92, females: n = 148) den sites used by 9 radio-tracked skunks from November 2002 to October 2003 and from December 2005 to October 2007. Most dens were found in underground burrows and we found no variation in dimensions of den entrances across seasons. On average, 24.1% of den sites were reused by C. chinga. Den sites were not homogeneously distributed within an animal\u2019s home range, being the density in core areas greater than in proximity to the borders of home ranges. C. chinga selected specific habitat characteristics for their den sites, such as high shrub and grass cover. Accordingly, the habitats preferred by skunks were native grasslands and pastures. Also C. chinga preferred den sites located close to fences, roads and grass patches. We argue that these preferences for den sites may provide two, not mutually exclusive, advantages: access to consistent and predictable sources of food and protection from predators. Our results suggest that availability of semi-natural grassland and pasture areas may favor the conservation of C. chinga in the human-modified landscapes of the Pampas.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|Conepatus chinga|Mephytidae|Radiotelemetry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113762,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ACTIVITY AND MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF THE GEOFFROY'S CAT IN THE GRASSLANDS OF ARGENTINA","resumen":"To understand the activity and movement patterns of Leopardus geoffroyi, we compared its behavior by radio-tracking 10 individuals in two areas of the Pampas grassland of Argentina: Campos del Tuyú Wildlife Reserve (CdT; 2F, 2M, n = 1753 activity fixes), and Ernesto Tornquist Provincial Park (ETPP; 4F, 2M, n = 1700 fixes), an area more strongly affected by human activities. The proportion of active fixes varied between areas and ranged from 38.4±4.4% at CdT to 42.9±8.1% at ETPP. In both areas, L. geoffroyi was mainly nocturnal, with maximum activity at 1:00 h (70.9%) at CdT and 4:00 h (75.6%) at ETPP.Activity patterns were highly correlated between areas and, within each area, between sexes, possibly in relation to the nocturnal activity of its major prey. Seasonal variations were detected, with the least diurnal and nocturnal activity in spring. In both study areas, Geoffroy\u2019s cats presented variations in the amount of nocturnal activity corresponding to differences in nocturnal luminosity. However, these variations were different: cats were most active when the night was brighter at CdT, whereas at ETPP activity was lower in brighter nights. At CdT, the linear distance of movement between locations averaged 685.8±496.8m and males moved 1.4 times farther than females. This distance was shorter at CdTthan ETPP (1087.9±932.8 m), where males had movements 4.5 times greater than females. The mean speed of travel did not differ between areas (CdT: 0.44±0.45 km\/h; ETPP: 0.44±0.78 km\/h), but males tended to move faster than females. In the grasslands of Argentina, human disturbance did not affect the patterns of activity of L. geoffroyi but cats appeared to be forced to spend more time active and move over greater distances in the more disturbed area.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|activity patterns|Carnivores|felids"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113763,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Oseointegración y regeneración ósea de nuevos implantes de circonio anodizados en ácido fosfórico","resumen":"Introducción: El circonio es un nuevo material que combina la resistencia mecánica del metal con las propiedades al desgaste de un cerámico. La modificación superficial inducida por el anodizado responde a un criterio de diseño basado en la modificación de la química superficial con el fin de inducir la osteogénesis in vivo. El engrosamiento de dicha película permite aumentar el efecto de barrera a la corrosión, y además modificar la topografía superficial. La película de óxido anódico formada en este electrolito permitiría aumentar la resistencia a la corrosión al mismo tiempo que la compatibilidad con el medio tisular. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la potencialidad del circonio como material para implantes permanentes con y sin la aplicación de una capa protectora generada por anodizado, en términos de oseointegración y regeneración óseaMateriales y métodos: Para el presente trabajo se realiza el estudio in vivo de implantes de circonio 99.5% pureza sin y con un tratamiento de anodizado a 30V en ácido fosfórico por 60 minutos. Las muestras fueron implantadas durante 60 dias en tibia y\/o fémur de rata Wistar y el tejido óseo formado  fue analizado histológica, inmunohistoquímica y espectroscópicamente.Resultados: Se observa  respuesta osteogénica de los materiales con crecimiento de tejido lamelar con rica proliferación osteoblástica y vascularización en la zona de tejido neoformado alrededor del implante tanto para el material anodizado como el sin tratamiento. Cuando se analiza la componente inorgánica mediante espectroscopia Raman puede observarse que la relación carbonato\/fosfato (indicador del envejecimiento o maduración del tejido óseo) no se presenta cambios significativos entre las condiciones anodizada y sin anodizar, pero se presenta una disminución en el tejido neoformado respecto al hueso cortical, lo que estaría indicando un tejido aun inmaduro.Conclusiones: Las muestras de Zr0 y Zr30 muestran signos de abundante proliferación celular en todo el entorno del implante, tanto en contacto de médula como de endostio. El tejido óseo en torno a los implantes presenta características de tejido inmaduro en desarrollo en el tiempo de implantación estudiado. En esta instancia de investigación no se observan diferencias significativas en cuanto a la formación de tejido óseo en los dos acabados superficiales, presentando ambos carácter osteogénico y capacidad de desarrollar tejido en su entorno. Como el éxito del implante depende de su capacidad de oseointegracion y también de su resistencia a la corrosión en fluidos fisiológicos es importante saber que la modificación superficial inducida con el objeto de aumentar la resistencia a la corrosión  no afecta de manera negativa a la oseointegracion, sino mas bien resulta una instancia prometedora para continuar el estudio de la evolución de tejido a tiempos más prolongados que los presentados hasta ahora.","palabras_clave":"IMPLANTE|CIRCONIO|ANODIZADO|OSTEOINTEGRACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113764,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A simple model of the diffusion phenomena taking place during the debittering process of green table olives","resumen":"The change in the concentration of sodium and calcium ions in the olive flesh and in the lye during the debittering process was quantified. The average concentration of Na increased from 0.0045 to 0,395 meq Na\/g of olive flesh and the concentration of Ca increased from 0.018 to 0.0252 meq Ca\/g of olive flesh. The firmness of the olives decreased almost linearly from 375 gf to 235 gf during the alkali treatment. The olives also suffered a 25.9% loss in their inicial content of reducing sugars. A hypothetical simplified description of the dynamic of ionic charge changes and unwinding of the pectinic structure during the debittering process of green olives has been proposed. In addition, the effective diffusion coefficients were calculated for sodium and calcium using a diffusion model for a composite flat plate and constant diffusion coefficients. The coefficients for both solutes were in the order of 10-12 m2\/s for the skin and 10-10 m2\/s for the flesh. In both cases, the diffusion coefficients of Na were larger than the diffusion coefficients of Ca.","palabras_clave":"Calcium|Diffusion|Debittering of green olives|Ionic charge|Sodium"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113765,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Glycomics of the immune response: the universe of glycans and lectins in inflammatory and neoplasic microenvironments","resumen":"Galectins, a family of endogenous glycan-binding proteins able to recognize specific glycoconjugates on cell surface and extracellular matrix, control critical immunological processes involved in immune homeostasis and tumor progression. Given the immunosuppressive role of Galectin-1 (Gal-1) in different models of chronic inflammation and its contribution to the creation of tolerogenic microenvironments in cancer and pregnancy models, the impact of this protein on T helper cell balance and dendritic cells (DCs) functionality was explored. A novel mechanism, based on the differential glycosylation of T helper cell subsets, by which Gal-1 preferentially eliminates antigen-specific Th1 and Th17 cells, leading to a shift toward a Th2 profile was identified. While Th1- and Th-17?differentiated cells expressed the repertoire of cell surface glycans that are critical for Gal-1?induced cell death, Th2 cells are protected from Gal-1 through differential sialylation of cell surface glycoproteins. More recently, the ability of Gal-1 to trigger the differentiation of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs), which promote resolution of autoimmune inflammation, was demonstrated. A tolerogenic circuit linking Gal-1 signaling, IL-27 producing DCs and IL-10-secreting T cells was identified. It can be postulated that molecular interactions between endogenous galectins and specific glycans constitute a novel mechanism of homeostatic regulation of immune responses. Understanding the role of protein-glycan interactions in the establishment of tolerogenic or inflammatory programs will enable the design of more rational immunotherapeutic strategies with broad biomedical implications. ","palabras_clave":"Galectin-1|immune responses|immunotherapy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113766,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Two Argentinean Siblings with CDG-Ix: A Novel Type of Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation","resumen":"Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic diseases caused by abnormal protein and lipid glycosylation. In this chapter, we report the clinical, biochemical, and molecular findings in two siblings with an unidentified CDG (CDG-Ix). They are the first and the third child of healthy consanguineous Argentinean parents. Patient 1 is now a 11-year-old girl, and patient 2 died at the age of 4 months. Their clinical picture involved liver dysfunction in the neonatal period, psychomotor retardation, microcephaly, seizures, axial hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and hepatomegaly. Patient 1 also developed strabismus and cataract. They showed a type 1 pattern of serum sialotransferrin. Enzymatic analysis for phosphomannomutase and phosphomannose isomerase in leukocytes and fibroblasts excluded PMM2-CDG and MPI-CDG. Lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) analysis showed a normal profile. Therefore, this result could point to a deficiency in the dolichol metabolism. In this context, ALG8-CDG, DPAGT1-CDG, and SRD5A3-CDG were analyzed and no defects were identified. In conclusion, we could not identify the genetic deficiency in these patients yet. Further studies are underway to identify the basic defect in them, taking into account the new CDG types that have been recently described.ALG8-CDG, DPAGT1-CDG, and SRD5A3-CDG were analyzed and no defects were identified. In conclusion, we could not identify the genetic deficiency in these patients yet. Further studies are underway to identify the basic defect in them, taking into account the new CDG types that have been recently described.","palabras_clave":"CONGENITAL DISORDERS OF GLYCOSYLATION|ISOELECTROFOCUSING|N AND O GLYCOSYLATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113767,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antigenotoxic Activity of Watercress Extract in an In Vitro Mammalian System using Comet Assay","resumen":"Watercress (Cruciferae), an integral part of Mediterranean diets, is a nutritive food which is used in the treatment of several diseases. Oxidative DNA damage seems to play a crucial role in chronic, aging&#8208;related diseases and it is considered an important and probably carcinogenic factor. The aim of this work was to determine the impact of watercress extract on cell viability and its potential antigenotoxic properties against induced oxidative damage, using a comet assay and peripheral blood cells as an in vitro model. An aqueousextract of the leaves was prepared using a juice processor, centrifuged, filtered and preserved at &#8722;20 °C. Two concentrations of the aqueous extract (13.2 and 26.4mg\/mL) were assayed. No differences were found in cell viability between the control and treated groups at any time. Significant antigenotoxic effects were observed for both concentrations, expressed as the damage index (p = 0.005 at 30 min; p &lt; 0.001 at 60 and 90 min), thepercentage reductions in damage being similar between them (67.1\u201375.2% respectively). These results suggest that the consumption watercress in the diet is a powerful tool for improving health and the quality of life.","palabras_clave":"watercress|genetic toxicology|comet assay|in vitro chemoprevention|Rorippa nasturtium&#8208;aquaticum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113768,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of macrophages in early protective immune responses induced by two vaccines against foot and mouth disease","resumen":"Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is an acute disease of   cloven-hoofed species. We studied the protection and early immune   response induced in the murine model by vaccines formulated with   inactivated virus and two different adjuvants. The presence of   IMS12802PR or ISA206VG adjuvants yielded protection against viral   challenge at early times post vaccination and induced FMDV-specific, but   non neutralizing, antibody titers. In vivo macrophage depletion in   vaccinated mice severely decreased the protection levels after virus   challenge, indicating a central role of this cell population in the   response elicited by the vaccines. Accordingly, opsonophagocytosis of   FITC-labelled virus was augmented in 802-FMDVi and 206-FMDVi vaccinated   mice. These results demonstrate the ability of the studied adjuvants to   enhance the protective responses of these inactivated vaccines without   the increase in seroneutralizing antibodies and the main role of   opsonization and phagocytosis in the early protective immune responses   against FMD infection in the murine model.","palabras_clave":"FMDV|early protection|macrophages"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113769,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, Lectinhistochemical and Molecular Findings in Spontaneous Bovine Abortions by Campylobacter fetus","resumen":"Bovine campylobacteriosis (BC) is a venereal disease caused by Campylobacter fetus characterized by temporary infertility with mild endometritis, early embryonic death and occasional abortions. The objectives of this study were to describe and identify C. fetus in spontaneous bovine abortion on the basis of histopathological, immunohistochemical, lectinhistochemi cal and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The most frequent foetal lesion was neutrophilic bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonia. Other commonly observed lesions included non-suppurative interstitial enteritis, hepatitis, pericarditis, myositis, myocarditis, and meningitis. In this study, C. fetus fetus was phenotypically classified in all bovine foetuses from lungs and abomasal fluids. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining revealed positive stained Campylobacter organisms with typical morphology. Lectin binding patterns not showed great differences between the infected and the non- infected groups. The most important changes were a minor peanut agglutinin (PNA) and DBA binding in the alveolar cells of the lungs and DBA globet cells in some of the C. fetus\u2013 positive foetuses. Individual variations in each lectin binding pattern complicate the evaluation of the lectins results. All foetuses positive to IHC were positive by PCR. Better efficiency of PCR was obtained from abomasal fluids than from lung tissues. The association of culture and phenotypic techniques with histopathology, IHC and PCR allowed a better characterization and description of BC. ","palabras_clave":"Bovine Campylobacteriosis|Abortion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113770,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assessment of soil biological degradation using mesofauna","resumen":"The aim of this work was to assess soil degradation by means of simple and relatively easy to measurebiological indicators derived from mesofauna, and to provide criteria to derive threshold values frombenchmark sites. We hypothesized (1) that simple biological attributes may be derived from soilmesofauna to be used as soil biological degradation indicators and (2) that this would be best attained bycontrasting the deviation of the indicators from natural and managed benchmark sites. The study wasconducted on Typic Hapludolls from Co´ rdoba, Argentina. Soil biological degradation was assessed bycomparing the deviation of one multivariate and two univariate indicators in intensively managed arablesites from benchmark sites. Three bioindicators were useful to assess soil biological degradation.Specifically, the OM\/PA ([Oribatida + Mesostigmata]\/[Prostigmata + Astigmata]) index and the multivariateindicator were effective in discriminating between the benchmark and the intensively managedsites and in distinguishing soil degradation levels among intensively managed sites; this findingconfirmed our hypothesis. The indicators analyzed were robust and sensitive not only to tillage but alsoto a combination of management variables. The combined use of Principal Component Analysis andMinimum Spanning Trees techniques also proved to be an effective tool to evaluate the distance betweenintensively managed sites and between each intensively managed site and the three benchmarks. Thebioindicators proposed are simple and easy to measure, and therefore suitable for assessing soildegradation. Validation of the proposed indicators for other soils, climates and land uses isrecommended.","palabras_clave":"SOIL QUALITY|BIOINDICATORS|THRESHOLDS|MESOFAUNA|BENCHMARK SITES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113771,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A prospective study to assess the predictive value for hereditary spherocytosis using five laboratory tests (cryohemolysis test, eosin-5-maleimide flow cytometry, osmotic fragility test, autohemolysis test, and SDS-PAGE) on hereditary","resumen":"This prospective study was  carried out to assess the usefulness of five laboratory tests in the diagnosis  of hereditary spherocytosis (HS), based on the correlation of erythrocyte  membrane protein defects with clinical and laboratory features, and also to  determine the membrane protein deficiencies detected in Argentina. Of 116  patients and their family members tested, 62 of them were diagnosed to have HS.  The specificity of cryohemolysis (CH) test was 95.2%, and its cut-off value to  distinguish HS from normal was 2.8%. For flow cytometry, cut-off points of 17%  for mean channel fluorescence (MCF) decrease and 14% coefficient of variation  (CV) increase showed 95.9% and 92.2% specificity, respectively. Both tests  showed the highest percentages of positive results for diagnosis. Either CH or  flow cytometry was positive in 93.5% of patients. In eight patients, flow  cytometry was positive only through CV increase. Protein defects were detected  in 72.3% of patients; ankyrin and spectrin were the most frequently found  deficiencies. The CV of the fluorescence showed significantly higher increases  in moderate and severe anemia than in mild anemia (p=0.003). Severity  of anemia showed no other correlation with tests results, type of deficient protein,  inheritance pattern, or neonatal jaundice. CH and flow cytometry are easy  methods with the highest diagnostic accuracy. Simultaneous reading of mean  channel fluorescence (MCF) decrease and CV increase improve diagnostic  usefulness of flow cytometry. This test seems to be a reliable predictor of  severity. The type of detected protein deficiency has no predictive value for  outcome. Predominant ankyrin and spectrin deficiencies agree with reports from  other Latin American countries.","palabras_clave":"SPHEROCYTOSIS|HEMOLITIC ANEMIA|RED BLOOD CELL MEMBRANE|HEREDITARY ANEMIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113772,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Calcium as a mediator between erythropoietin and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B","resumen":"Erythropoietin (Epo) is crucial for promoting the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of mammalian erythroid progenitors. The central role played by tyrosine phosphorylation of erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) in Epo-cell activation has focused attention on protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) as candidates implicated in the pathogenesis of the resistance to therapy with human recombinant Epo. Prototypic member of the PTP family is PTP1B, which has been implicated in the regulation of EpoR signaling pathways.In previous reports we have shown that PTP1B is reciprocally modulated by Epo in undifferentiated UT-7 cell line. However, no information is available with respect to the modulation of this phosphatase in non-Epo depending cells or at late stages of erythroid differentiation. In order to investigate these issues we induced UT-7 cells to differentiate and studied their PTP1B expression pattern. Simultaneous observations were performed in TF-1 cells which can be cultured either with GM-CSF, IL-3 or Epo. We found that Epo induced PTP1B cleaveage in TF-1 and differentiated UT-7 cells. This pattern of PTP1B modulation may be due to an increased TRPC3\/TRPC6 expression ratio which could explain the larger and sustained calcium response to Epo and calpain activation in Epo treated TF-1 and differentiated UT-7 cells.","palabras_clave":"ERYTHROPOIETIN|PTP1B|CALCIUM|CALPAIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113773,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"LA DEPLECION DE LAS CELULAS T REGULATORIAS AUMENTA EL NUMERO DE LAS CELULAS CD8 DURANTE LA INFECCION CON EL VIRUS DEL TUMOR MAMARIO MURINO","resumen":"El virus del tumor mamario murino (MMTV) es un retrovirus que se transmite durante la lactancia y que ha desarrollado estrategias para explotar y subvertir el sistema inmune. En un modelo de infecci¨®n natural con MMTV hemos mostrado previamente que la infecci¨®n causa incrementos tempranos y progresivos de c¨¦lulas T regulatorias (Treg) CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ espec¨ªficas para el superant¨ªgeno (Sag) viral en las placas de Peyer (PP). En este trabajo se evalu¨® si la depleci¨®n de las c¨¦lulas Treg influencia la poblaci¨®n de c¨¦lulas CD8+ durante la infecci¨®n con MMTV a trav¨¦s del amamantamiento. La depleci¨®n de las c¨¦lulas Treg al d¨ªa 6 de infecci¨®n caus¨® incrementos en el porcentaje y n¨²mero absoluto de las c¨¦lulas CD8+ en los ganglios y provoc¨® un incremento en la intensidad de fluorescencia media del marcador de activaci¨®n CD44 en esas c¨¦lulas. Los incrementos en el n¨²mero absoluto de las c¨¦lulas CD8 se observaron en c¨¦lulas con cadenas variables V¦Â del receptor de las c¨¦lulas T (TCR) tanto reactivas como no reactivas al Sag. Previamente hab¨ªamos demostrado que la depleci¨®n de las c¨¦lulas Treg al d¨ªa 6 de infecci¨®n disminuye la carga viral. Los resultados presentados en este trabajo sugieren que, al menos a partir del d¨ªa 6 de infecci¨®n con MMTV, las c¨¦lulas Treg podr¨ªan tener un rol inhibiendo la generaci¨®n de una respuesta CD8 antiviral. ","palabras_clave":"virus del tumor mamario murino|superantigenos|c¨¦lulas T regulatorias"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113774,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mineral phosphate solubilization activity of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus under P-limitation and plant root environment","resumen":"The ability to solubilize insoluble inorganic phosphatecompounds by Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicuswas studied using different cultureapproaches. Qualitative plate assays usingtricalcium phosphate as the sole P-sourceshowed that G. diazotrophicus produced solubilizationonly when aldoses were used as theC-source. Extracellular aldose oxidation via apyrroloquinoline quinone-linked glucose dehydrogenase(PQQ-GDH) is the main pathway forglucose metabolism in G. diazotrophicus. Inbatch cultures with 5 g l-1 of hydroxyapatite asthe P-source and glucose as the C-source, morethan 98% of insoluble P was solubilized. Nosolubilization was observed neither using glycerolnor culturing a PQQ-GDH mutant of G. diazotrophicus.Solubilizaton was not affected byadding 100 mmol l-1 of MES buffer. Continuouscultures of G. diazotrophicus showed significantactivities of PQQ-GDH either under C or P limitation.An intense acidification in the root environmentof tomato and wheat seedlings inoculatedwith a G. diazotrophicus PAL5 was observed.Seedlings inoculated with a PQQ-GDHmutant strain of G. diazotrophicus showed noacidification. Our results suggest that G. diazotrophicusis an excellent candidate to beused as biofertilizer because in addition to thealready described plant growth-promoting abilitiesof this organism, it shows a significantmineral phosphate solubilization capacity.","palabras_clave":"Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus|Biofertilizer|PGPR|Phosphate Solubilization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113775,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diversity and geographic distribution of Chlorococcales (Chlorophyceae) in contrasting lakes along a latitudinal transect in Argentinean Patagonia","resumen":"Abstract The present study focuses on the geographic distribution and biodiversity of the Chlorococcales in Patagonian lakes, covering a latitudinal transect. Two different approaches are considered (a) a review of the historical records of Chlorococcales in Patagonia and (b) the analysis of the morphology-based species diversity, ecological remarks, and geographic distribution of the chlorococcalean species recorded in 33 aquatic environments during surveys 2007 and 2008. A total of 308 chlorococcalean species were recorded throughout a 60-year period in Patagonian freshwater systems, encountering the highest chlorococcalean richness in lakes and shallow lakes located in the more intensively sampled areas. In our surveys 2007\u20132008, 72 chlorococcalean taxa were registered, among which 80% are worldwide distributed, about 19% are restricted to cold temperate areas in both hemispheres and one species (Pediastrum patagonicum) is one of the taxa probably endemic for Patagonia. The chlorococcalean richness in relation to the environmentalfactors, revealed that it is directly correlated with the trophic status of the water bodies (chl a: r = 0.52 and DIN: r = 0.47; P<0.05). The latitude was inversely correlated with the species richness (r = -0.40; P<0.05), and the chlorococcalean biodiversity of the Andean lakes (mean value: 3.64) was signi&#64257;cantly lower (P = 0.0022) than that of the lakes from the Patagonian Plateau (mean value: 9.62). In this study we observed a decreasing trend in the biodiversity of Chlorococcales with increasing latitude, which &#64257;ts in the existing ecological pattern described for different groups of organisms.","palabras_clave":"PATAGONIA|LAKES|CHLOROCOCCALES|BIOGEOGRAPHY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113776,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Picoplankton structure in clear and turbid eutrophic shallow lakes: a seasonal study","resumen":"The relative abundance of the different picoplankton components (eukaryotic picophytoplankton (Peuk), picocyanobacteria (Pcy) and bacterioplankton), and their relationships with the lake conditions were studied in three types of shallow lakes from the Pampa Plain (Argentina) that differ in their optical properties: clear-vegetated, phytoplankton-turbid and inorganic-turbid. All the selected lakes, but one,are characterized by their different alternative steady state (clear-vegetated and phytoplankton-turbid water phases) following the model proposed by Scheffer et al. (1993).Autotrophic and heterotrophic picoplankton abundances were analyzed seasonally in relation to environmental variables. All the lakes presented high concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) (&gt;229_gL&#8722;1), total phosphorus (TP) (&gt;46_gL&#8722;1) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (&gt;13.7mgL&#8722;1). Clear-vegetated lakes were characterized by vertical diffuse PAR (photosynthetic active radiation) attenuation coefficient (kdPAR) lower than 11m&#8722;1, whereas inorganic-turbid lake alwaysshowedvalues higher than 21.1m&#8722;1. The euphotic zone depth (Z1%) was wider in clear-vegetated lakes (40\u2013140 cm) and thinner in the inorganicturbid (10\u201320 cm). The phytoplankton-turbid lakes presented a wide range in the values of these variables (kdPAR: 5.2\u201335.8m&#8722;1; Z1%: 10\u201390 cm). Phytoplankton chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) strongly differed, ranging from 1.6 to 334.6_gL&#8722;1. Picophytoplankton was mainly represented by phycocianine-rich (PC-rich) Pcy in all cases, dominating over Peuk algae. The total and relative abundances of eukaryotic picophytoplankton, Pcy and bacterioplankton, as well as the size structure of the phytoplankton community differed among the water bodies. In general, clear-vegetated water bodies exhibited similar abiotic characteristics, picophytoplankton\/bacterioplankton ratios, and phytoplankton size structure. Contrarily, no clear trend was identified for the group of turbid lakes. The contrasting results obtained for the importanceof the picoplankton components in phytoplankton-turbid shallow lakes evidence that the availability of the energetical and nutrient resources cannot be solely considered to predict their relative importancein this type of shallow lake.    ","palabras_clave":"Picoplankton|Shallow lakes|Eutrophic|Turbidity|Seasonality"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113777,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Crossover between tetrahedral and hexagonal structures in liquid water","resumen":"It is widely accepted that liquid water structure is comprised of two closely interweaved components; i.e. tetrahedral (low density) and hexagonal (high density) structures. The relative amount of these components is temperature and pressure dependent. We propose an order parameter, based on the radial distribution function, that quantifies the relative structural composition at any defined temperature and pressure, thus establishing the crossover point in structural dominance. At 300 K this point lies close to 2 kbar, pressure at which water looses most of its \u2018anomalous\u2019 properties.","palabras_clave":"Water structure|Two-state model|Water radial distribution function components"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113778,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Secondary structure determination by FTIR of an archaeal ubiquitin-like polypeptide from Natrialba magadii","resumen":"The ubiquitin family of proteins belongs to the &#946;-grasp fold,characterized by 4-5 &#946;-sheets with a single &#945;-helical middle region.Ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) are low sequence identity structural homologuesto ubiquitin widely spread among both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. We previouslydemostrated by bioinformatic analysis that P400, a polypeptide from thehaloalkaliphilic archaeon Natrialbamagadii, has structural homology with both ubiquitin and Ubls. This workexamines the secondary structure of P400 by Fourier Transform Infrarredspectroscopy (FTIR). After expression in Escherichiacoli, recombinant P400 (rP400) was separated by PAGE and eluted pure fromZinc-Imidazol reversely stained gels. Then it was lyophilized and rehydrated inbuffer containing 1.5M KCl before both immunochemical and FTIR tests wereperformed. It was found that rP400 reacts with anti-ubiquitin antibody after rehydrationin the presence of high salt concentrations. On the other hand, like ubiquitinand Ubls, the Amide I´ band for rP400 shows 10% more of its sequence involvedin &#946;-sheet structures than in &#945;-helix. These findings suggest that P400 is astructural homologue of the ubiquitin family proteins.","palabras_clave":"HALOPHILIC ARCHAEA|NATRIALBA MAGADII|UBIQUITIN-LIKE PROTEINS|B-GRASP FOLD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113779,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular Mechanisms of Trastuzumab Resistance in HER2 Overexpressing Breast Cancer","resumen":"The epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a tyrosine kinase overexpressed in nearly 20% to 25% of invasive breast cancers. Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets HER2. The majority of patients with metastatic breast cancer initially respond to trastuzumab, however, within 1 year of treatment disease progresses. Several molecular mechanisms have been described as contributing to the development of trastuzumab resistance. They could be grouped as impaired access of trastuzumab to HER2, upregulation of HER2 downstream signaling pathways, signaling of alternative pathways, and impaired immune antitumor mechanisms. However, since many of them have overlapping effects, it would be of great clinical impact to identify the principal signaling pathways involved in drug resistance. Significant efforts are being applied to find other therapeutic modalities besides trastuzumab treatment to be used alone or in combination with current modalities.","palabras_clave":"breast cancer|HER2|Trastuzumab|resistence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113780,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Use of overall dynamic body acceleration for estimating energy expenditure in cormorants Does locomotion in different media affect relationships?","resumen":"The way in which animals use and acquire energy is fundamental to their &#64257; tness. Overall dynamic bodyacceleration  (ODBA)  has  recently  been  suggested  as  a  new  method  for  the  determination  of  energyexpenditure in wild animals. Although the relationship between ODBA and energy expenditure has beencalibrated using gas-respirometry, it has only been validated for animals moving in a single medium. In thiswork we examined whether the relationship between ODBA and energy expenditure varies between activitytypes  and  in  particular,  how  locomotion  in  different  media  affects  the  regressions  using  the  ImperialCormorant Phalacrocorax atriceps as a model species. Regressing mean ODBA values for resting, diving andwalking periods on a single graph against mean power values, the mass-speci &#64257; c power (W kg&#8722;1 ) was relatedto ODBA via; Power=12.09+41.31 ODBA (r 2 =0.93). Although values for resting, walking and swimming allfell close to a single linear &#64257;t, values for &#64258;ight deviated substantially from this. The different relationshipsfound between locomotory types are discussed in terms of the muscle groups involved in each kind ofbehavior.","palabras_clave":"CORMORANT|ENERGY EXPENDITURE|LOCOMOTION|MEDIA|OVERALL DYNAMIC BODY ACCELERATION (ODBA)"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113781,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of the molecular clump associated with the high-energy source HESS J1858+020","resumen":"Aims: HESS J1858+020 is a weak &#947;-ray source lying near thesouthern border of the SNR G35.6-0.4. A molecular cloud, composed of twoclumps, shows signs of interaction with both the SNR and a nearbyextended HII region. In particular, the southernmost clump coincideswith the center of the H.E.S.S. source. We study this clump in detail tohelp us identify the nature of the very-high energy emission. Methods: We observed the aforementioned molecular clump using theAtacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE) in the 12COJ = 3-2, 13CO J = 3-2, HCO+J = 4-3, and CS J = 7-6lines with an angular resolution of 22''. To complement theseobservations, we analyzed IR and submillimeter continuum archival data. Results: From the 12CO and 13CO J = 3-2lines and the 1.1 mm continuum emission, we derive a density of between103 and 4 cm-3 for the clump. Wediscover a young stellar object (YSO), probably a high mass protostar,embedded in the molecular clump. However, we do not find any evidence ofmolecular outflows from this YSO that would represent a thermal jetcapable of generating the observed &#947;-rays. We conclude that themost probable origin of the TeV &#947;-ray emission is a hadronicinteraction between the molecular gas and the cosmic rays accelerated bythe shock front of the SNR G35.6-0.4.","palabras_clave":"ISM: clouds|ISM: supernova remnants|gamma rays: ISM|ISM: individual objects: HESS J1858+020"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113782,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Whole-Community Facilitation Regulates Biodiversity on Patagonian Rocky Shores","resumen":"Background: Understanding the factors that generate and maintain biodiversity is a central goal in ecology. While positive species interactions (i.e., facilitation) have historically been underemphasized in ecological research, they are increasingly recognized as playing important roles in the evolution and maintenance of biodiversity. Dominant habitat-forming species (foundation species) buffer environmental conditions and can therefore facilitate myriad associated species. Theory predicts that facilitation will be the dominant community-structuring force under harsh environmental conditions, where organisms depend on shelter for survival and predation is diminished. Wind-swept, arid Patagonian rocky shores are one of the most desiccating intertidal rocky shores ever studied, providing an opportunity to test this theory and elucidate the context dependency of facilitation.Methodology\/Principal Findings: Surveys across 2100 km of southern Argentinean coastline and experimental manipulations both supported theoretical predictions, with 43 out of 46 species in the animal assemblage obligated to living within the matrices of mussels for protection from potentially lethal desiccation stress and predators having no detectable impact on diversity.Conclusions\/Significance: These results provide the first experimental support of long-standing theoretical predictions and reveal that in extreme climates, maintenance of whole-community diversity can be maintained by positive interactions that ameliorate physical stress. These findings have important conservation implications and emphasize that preserving foundation species should be a priority in remediating the biodiversity consequences of global climate change","palabras_clave":"NO CONSIGNA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113783,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Neoproterozoic-early Paleozoic metamorphic and magmatic evolution of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas: an overview","resumen":"The Eastern Sierras Pampeanas were structured  by three main events: the Ediacaran to early Cambrian  (580\u2013510 Ma) Pampean, the late Cambrian\u2013Ordovician  (500\u2013440 Ma) Famatinian and the Devonian-Carboniferous  (400\u2013350 Ma) Achalian orogenies. Geochronological  and Sm\u2013Nd isotopic evidence combined with petrological  and structural features allow to speculate for a major rift  event (Ediacaran) dividing into two Mesoproterozoic major  crustal blocks (source of the Grenvillian age peaks in the  metaclastic rocks).This event would be coeval with the  development of arc magmatism along the eastern margin of  the eastern block. Closure of this eastern margin led to a  Cambrian active margin (Sierra Norte arc) along the western  margin of the eastern block in which magmatism  reworked the same crustal block. Consumption of a ridge  segment (input of OIB signature mafic magmas) which  controlled granulite-facies metamorphism led to a final  collision (Pampean orogeny) with the western Mesoprotrozoic  block. Sm\u2013Nd results for the metamorphic basement  suggest that the TDM age interval of 1.8\u20131.7 Ga,  which is associated with the less radiogenic values of eNd(540) (-6 to -8), can be considered as the mean average  crustal composition for the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas.  Increasing metamorphic grade in rocks with similar detrital  sources and metamorphic ages like in the Sierras de  Co´rdoba is associated with a younger TDM age and a more  positive eNd(540) value. Pampean pre-540 Ma granitoids  form two clusters, one with TDM ages between 2.0 and  1.75 Ga and another between 1.6 and 1.5 Ga. Pampean  post-540 Ma granitoids exhibit more homogenous TDM  ages ranging from 2.0 to 1.75 Ga. Ordovician re-activation  of active margin along the western part of the block that  collided in the Cambrian led to arc magmatism (Famatinian  orogeny) and related ensialic back-arc basin in which  high-grade metamorphism is related to mid-crustal felsic  plutonism and mafic magmatism with significant contamination  of continental crust. TDM values for the Ordovician  Famatinian granitoids define a main interval of 1.8\u20131.6,  except for the Ordovician TTG suites of the Sierras de  Co´rdoba, which show younger TDM ages ranging from 1.3  to 1.0 Ga. In Devonian times (Achalian orogeny), a new  subduction regime installed west of the Eastern Sierras  Pampeanas. Devonian magmatism in the Sierras exhibit  process of mixing\/assimilation of depleted mantle signature  melts and continental crust. Achalian magmatism  exhibits more radiogenic eNd(540) values that range  between 0.5 and -4 and TDM ages younger than 1.3 Ga. In  pre-Devonian times, crustal reworking is dominant,  whereas processes during Devonian times involved different  geochemical and isotopic signatures that reflect a  major input of juvenile magmatism.","palabras_clave":"Magmatism Metamorphism|Sm-Nd systematics|Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic orogenies|Eastern Sierras Pampeanas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113784,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genotypic diversity in sorghum inbred lines for grain-filling patterns and other related agronomic traits","resumen":"Opportunities for genetic improvement for specific traits require information on available diversity, together with heritability estimates and possible trade-off between traits. Here, sixty-five sorghum inbred lines were evaluated for grain-filling and other agronomic traits during 2008. Twenty-nine lines were re-evaluated in 2009. Time to anthesis, final kernel weight (KW), kernel growth rate, duration of grain filling, maximum water content, kernel desiccation rate, moisture concentration at physiological maturity, plant height, panicle length, kernel number per plant and final yield per plant were measured both years. Genotypic differences (p &lt; 0.05) for all measured traits were evident, although year and genotype x year significant interactions (p &lt; 0.05) were detected for most of them. Final KW variation (16-44 mg kernel-1 in 2008, and 20-40 mg kernel-1 in 2009) was achieved through different combinations of kernel growth rate (3.27-9.78 mg oCd kernel-1 10-2) and duration of grain filling (413-853 oCd). Variation in grain-filling duration, in turn, was reached through different combinations of rate of kernel desiccation and moisture concentration at physiological maturity (218-400 g kg-1 across treatments). Calculated heritability for grain-filling traits ranged from 0.43 to 0.95, showing KW and maximum water content the highest values. Final KW was not related to kernel number or yield per plant, suggesting possible the selection for grain size without compromising final yield. Results also highlighted the available variability for grain-filling patterns in sorghum. ","palabras_clave":"SORGHUM BICOLOR (L. MOENCH)|KERNEL WEIGHT|KERNEL WATER RELATIONS|KERNEL NUMBER|HERITABILITY|PUBLIC LINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113785,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of three fungicides on in vitro growth of Fusarium solani and Fusarium semitectum, parasitic on Odontesthes bonariensis eggs","resumen":"    Abstract: An in vitro  evaluation of  the effect of three fungicides on the growth rate (GR) of Fusarium  solani and Fusarium  semitectum was performed.  The tested fungicides, commonly used in fish farming, were sodium chloride (NaCl),  methanol-stabilised formaldehyde (F) and malachite green (MG). Both Fusarium  species were  isolated from eggs of the Argentinean pejerrey Odontesthes  bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835). The concentrations of NaCl and MG at which growth  of both species was inhibited were higher than the respective mean 96h median  lethal concentrations (LC50-96h) for silverside eggs. In the case of F, the  growth inhibition (GI) of F. solani was achieved also at concentrations  higher than the respective LC50-96h. Only for F.  semitectum a complete GI  was observed at a concentration lower than the LC50-96h. This indicates that  the efficacy of these substances is not adequate for treatment of fungal  infections of silverside eggs.  ","palabras_clave":"Odontesthes bonariensis eggs|Fusarium spp|fungicides|in-vitro growth inhibition"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113786,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in trap cultures from El Palmar National Park soils","resumen":"The objective of this study was to assess and compare the diversity of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) obtained from &#64257;ve vegetation typesdgallery forest, grassland, marsh, palm forest, and scrubland within El Palmar National Park (Entre Ríos province, Argentina) through trap cultures with soil as the source of inoculum. Three different plant speciesdLolium perenne L., Plantago lanceolata L., and Trifolium pratense L.dwere used as trap plants. The experiment, conducted for two years under glasshouse conditions, showed that spore number increased during the second year in all the trap cultures from the &#64257;ve vegetation types, with Glomeraceae being most abundant in the last year. A total of 34morphospecies were identi&#64257;ed at the species level (32 morphospecies during the &#64257;rst year and 26 during the second). The species richness and biodiversity index decreased in the second year and were signi&#64257;cantly different between the marsh and the palm forest. The soil-based trap culture isolation procedure indicated the presence of Glomeromycota species not registered from &#64257;eld samples: three belonging to the Acaulospora genus, one to the Glomus genus, and three to the Gigaspora genus. The results of this study con&#64257;rmed the local competiton of Glomeraceae against other Glomeromycota families under glasshouse conditions.","palabras_clave":"Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi|El Palmar National park|propagules AMF|trap cultures"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113787,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"INFLUENCIA DE LAS CONDICIONES DE PROCESAMIENTO SOBRE EL COMPORTAMIENTO A FRACTURA DE UN HOMOPOLÍMERO DE POLIPROPILENO Y UN  COPOLÍMERO ETILENO-POLIPROPILENO MOLDEADOS POR INYECCIÓN","resumen":"El estudio se basa en la influencia de los parámetros de procesamiento (inyección) en el comportamiento a fractura de dos tipos de polipropileno (PP). Se aplicó el método integral J para determinar la resistencia a la fractura de los polímeros; se determinó, además, la micro-estructura ya que es un factor influyente en el comportamiento a fractura. Para ello se calcularon índices termo-mecánicos a partir de simulaciones de flujo para establecer una relación directa entre propiedades termo-mecánicas variables de la fractura. Referente al diseño se usó la metodología de Taguchi, para así minimizar el número de experimentos. Finalmente, se obtuvo que la resistencia a la fractura era, principalmente, influenciada por la temperatura de fundido (Tf). A bajo valor de Tf, la morfología se caracteriza por tener mayor espesor de piel y por ende, el núcleo es más pequeño, lo que implica una menor cristalinidad y mayores valores de Jc.f). A bajo valor de Tf, la morfología se caracteriza por tener mayor espesor de piel y por ende, el núcleo es más pequeño, lo que implica una menor cristalinidad y mayores valores de Jc.","palabras_clave":"MECÁNICA DE FRACTURA|TAGUCHI|MORFOLOGÍA|POLIPROPILENO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113788,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Study of Obsidian Source Usage in the Central Andes of Argentina and Chile","resumen":"We present the results of XRF analysis for 428 obsidian samples from archaeologicalsites in the Argentine province of Mendoza and from central Chile. The archaeologicalsamples come from different environments and have dates that range from 9000 to 300BP. Results indicate that all known sources were utilized, however the beginnings and the intensities of their exploitation were variable. On the contrary, strong differences appear especially between the cordilleran and the non-cordillera sources. We suggest that this pattern is mainly related to differences in the accessibility, quality and abundance of the obsidian in the sources.","palabras_clave":"obsidian sourcing|XRF|southern Andes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113789,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stable isotopes and human diet in central western Argentina","resumen":"Central western Argentina is the southern boundary of prehispanic maize in the archaeological record.This paper explores the stable isotope information from human bone (d13C, from collagen and d13C from apatite) and tooth (d13C from enamel) samples in order to characterize the temporal and spatial trends of these isotopes and to understand them in terms of human diet.We analyzed 104 human individuals from the last 6000 years. Using the Kellner and Schoeninger (2007) model the results shows a high variation in human diet with few human individuals with a notably high significance of C4 plants (probably maize) as an energy source and these samples have a chronology around ca. 1000 years BP. On the other hand a high variation in an individual\u2019s dietary life history is shown by differences between d13C collagen, apatite and enamel.d13C, from collagen and d13C from apatite) and tooth (d13C from enamel) samples in order to characterize the temporal and spatial trends of these isotopes and to understand them in terms of human diet.We analyzed 104 human individuals from the last 6000 years. Using the Kellner and Schoeninger (2007) model the results shows a high variation in human diet with few human individuals with a notably high significance of C4 plants (probably maize) as an energy source and these samples have a chronology around ca. 1000 years BP. On the other hand a high variation in an individual\u2019s dietary life history is shown by differences between d13C collagen, apatite and enamel.","palabras_clave":"STABLE ISOTOPES|HUMAN DIET|CENTRAL WESTERN ARGENTINA|SOUTH AMERICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113790,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An Ontology-driven Document Retrieval Strategy for Organizational Knowledge Management Systems","resumen":"Enterprises are inserted in a competitive environment in which knowledge is vital to survive in the current global market. Competition is no longer conceived as it was in traditional markets. In this global market, knowledge is considered an asset that has an economic value for an organization and a strategic resource used to increase productivity and offer stability in dynamic competitive environments. Such significance of knowledge implies the need for protecting this vital resource by safeguarding the right access, its persistence over time, and its adequate retrieval. In this work, we propose an organizational memory architecture, and annotation and retrieval information strategies based on domain ontologies that take in account complex words to retrieve information through natural language queries. To test these strategies, we implemented a flexible framework to experiment with knowledge retrieval approaches. Finally, experimental results are evaluated and analyzed through standard measures.prs.rt('abs_end');","palabras_clave":"DOCUMENT ANNOTATION|KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK|DOMAIN ONTOLOGY|KNOWLEDGE RETRIEVAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113791,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Propiedades insecticidas de la ceniza del complejo volcánico Puyehue-Cordón Caulle y su posible impacto ambiental","resumen":"Se examina el efecto insecticida de las cenizas  volcánicas en general y sus efectos ambientales, con especial énfasis en  las cenizas acumuladas como consecuencia de la erupción del complejo  volcánico Puyehue-Cordón Caulle, que actualmente afecta un área de más  de 7,5 millones de hectáreas en la Patagonia Argentina. Se determinó la  composición química de las cenizas provenientes del complejo Puyehue-  Cordón Caulle por EDS, y se comprobó que los componentes mayoritarios  son el O, Si, Al, Fe, Na y K. A través de bioensayos de laboratorio, utilizando  dos especies de insectos como modelo biológico, se determinó que las cenizas  se adhieren profusamente a la superfi cie corporal y resultan tóxicas para  ambas especies cuando se mezclan con el sustrato en baja concentración.  La susceptibilidad a las cenizas difi rió entre ambas especies en bioensayos  de siete días de exposición continua [CL99(Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.) =  10.25 mg.g-1; CL99((Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)) = 4.96 mg.g-1]. De estos  resultados, se desprende que el impacto de la ceniza del complejo Puyehue-  Cordón Caulle sobre la comunidad de artrópodos puede ser radical en la  fase aguda de la deposición, y que sus efectos podrían ser substancialmente  cualitativos en la fase crónica de la exposición. Así también, la recuperación  de las poblaciones afectadas por la ceniza en las zonas con clima desértico,  donde persiste la ceniza seca, será más lenta, hecho que tendrá consecuencias  tangibles a largo plazo para las plantas hospederas de insectos, para  la polinización y sobre el desarrollo de las poblaciones de vertebrados  insectívoros. En contraste, en las regiones húmedas, la presencia de cenizas  representa un cambio manifi esto en el ecosistema debido al aporte de  nutrientes, que en combinación con la retención de agua por las cenizas,  llevará a la recuperación cuali y cuantitativa de las poblaciones bajo  condiciones favorables.","palabras_clave":"VOLCANIZ ASH|PUYEHUE-CAULLE RANGE|INSECTICIDAL DUST|MECHANISM OF ACTION|ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113792,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Intrinsic benefits of human altruism","resumen":"In this work we review converging evidence, from several lines of research, which suggeststhat altruism in humans can be intrinsically rewarding. Various investigations illustrate how humanaltruism can have beneficial effects on health and well being. In this contribution we propose a modelthat includes positive effects of altruism. These beneficial effects lead to significant changes in thedynamics of the system, favouring higher levels of altruism and facilitating abrupt changes towardscooperation. In the present model, social modulation occurs at both individual and collective levels.The potential beneficial role of altruism proposed here may account for its occurrence among non-kinand beyond reciprocity.","palabras_clave":"cooperation|plasticity|cultural conditioning"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113793,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In-cylinder flow control in a 4-valve spark ignition engine: numerical and experimental steady rig tests","resumen":"Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations and experimental steady flow tests (flow discharge, swirl, and tumble) were carried out to study the in-cylinder flow in a commercial four-valve spark ignition engine. The present investigation was aimed at analysing and controlling the generation of macro-vortex structures (swirl and tumble) during the inlet process. A comparative study of the most commonly employed tumble benches along with in-house design was performed, the last showing some advantages with respect to the others. The outcomes from the simulations were in agreement with experimental results. Mainly, the tumble generation rate was in general proportional to the valve lift. However, tumble was reduced drastically at medium valve lift due to a change in the vortex pattern. A stagnation zone was observed between inlet valves. CFD calculations successfully captured this tumble-fall effect, which was related to characteristic changes in the vortex pattern downstream of the inlet valves at medium valve lift. This affects tumble production without affecting the mass flowrate efficiency. Finally, at high valve lifts the tumble production and the vortex pattern were recovered. The capability of the cylinder head to induce swirl, tumble, or combined swirl\u2013tumble by modifying the valve timing or by introducing adjustable flow deflectors was evaluated using CFD. Several valve timing strategies were analysed: some of them produced significant swirl, but introduced high mass flowrate losses. On the other hand, adjustable flow deflectors were shown to be an interesting alternative to induce swirl\u2013tumble at low load and to improve tumble at high load.","palabras_clave":"steady rig tests|tumble|swirl|CFD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113794,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Simulación computacional del flujo de fluido en las cámaras de un motor de combustión interna rotativo de avanzada","resumen":"En este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de la simulación computacional del flujo defluidos dentro de las cámaras de un novedoso motor de combustión interna rotativo denominado MRCVC(Motor Rotativo de Combustión a Volumen Constante). El MRCVC se encuentra actualmente en la etapa dediseño y el interés detrás del desarrollo del mismo radica en sus ventajas teóricas, tanto termodinámicas comomecánicas, respecto de otros motores rotativos (ej. el motor Wankel) y también del clásico de pistonesreciprocantes. Entre las ventajas más importantes se encuentra el hecho de que la combustión podríacompletarse a volumen constante (condición de máxima obtenibilidad) lo cual, dado que la relaciónsuperficie\/volumen de la cámara es similar a la del motor tradicional, promete un incremento neto en elrendimiento térmico. Tanto el diseño de los puertos de admisión y escape, aún indefinido, como el movimientode la carga en la cámara de combustión juegan un papel preponderante en la obtención del esperado incrementoen rendimiento de la máquina. En este aspecto, la simulación computacional del movimiento del fluido dentrode las cámaras del MRCVC aporta invaluable información aplicable al diseño y a la estimación de lascaracterísticas del motor. Las ecuaciones que gobiernan el problema son las ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes paraflujo compresible las cuales, a fin de tener en cuenta la deformación continua del dominio de flujo, son escritasutilizando una estrategia tipo ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian). Dado la geometría cilíndrica del MRCVCy como una primera aproximación al problema, se consideró el flujo bidimensional en el plano medio de lacámara y con condiciones constantes en los puertos de admisión y escape.","palabras_clave":"Motores de combustión interna|dinámica de fluidos computacional|MRCVC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113795,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tensorial equations for three-dimensional laminar boundary layer flows","resumen":"Tensorial equations are derived from a laminar and attached boundary layer flow with null pressure gradient in the normal direction to a smooth three-dimensional surface. An incompressible, isothermal and viscous fluid of Newtonian type is assumed. Covariant derivatives in the three dimensional Euclidean domain are employed, where the surface curvature terms are implicitly included in the Christoffel symbols with the aim of writing the boundary layer equations in an invariant form irrespective of the particular choice of the coordinate system. These equations are covariant under a linear coordinate transformation on two surface coordinates, and a scaling along the normal direction to the surface. ","palabras_clave":"boundary-layer equations|laminar steady flow|incompressible viscous fluid|three dimensional surfaces|tensor analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113796,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Multi-echelon Vehicle Routing Problem with Cross Docking in Supply Chain Management","resumen":"Multi-echelon distribution networks are quite common in supply chain and logistics. Deliveries of multiple items from factories to customers are managed by routing and consolidating shipments in warehouses carrying on long-term inventories. On the other hand, cross-docking is a logistics technique that differs from warehousing because products are no longer stored at intermediate depots. Instead, cross-dock facilities consolidate incoming shipments based on customer demands and immediately deliver them to their destinations. Hybrid strategies combining direct shipping, warehousing and cross-docking are usually applied in real-world distribution systems. This work deals with the operational management of hybrid multi-echelon multi-item distribution networks. The goal of the N-echelon vehicle routing problem with cross-docking in supply chain management (the VRPCD-SCM problem) consists of satisfying customer demands at minimum total transportation cost. A monolithic optimization framework for the VRPCD-SCM based on a mixed-integer linear mathematical formulation is presented. Computational results for several problem instances are reported. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.","palabras_clave":"Supply chain management|Logistics|Vehicle routing & scheduling|Cross-docking"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113797,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synergetic effect of Co and carbon nanotubes on MgH2 sorption properties","resumen":"This paper analyses the synergetic effect of the coupled addition of Co particles (Co, 5 wt%) and pure multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, 5 wt%) on hydrogen sorption kinetics of MgH2 (M). Experimental results show that MCo co-milled 50 h plus admixed MWCNTs for 5 h exhibits enhanced absorption\/desorption performance, which remains stable after 15 hydrogen sorption cycles. About 6.5 wt% of hydrogen was absorbed after 100 s and desorbed in 85 min at 250 º C, being one of the best conditions reported for Mg-based composites. Furthermore, desorption temperature after cycling was reduced by 55 º C due to the introduction of Co, and 136 º C by the combined Co and MWCNT addition as compared to free MgH2. Activation energy analysis demonstrates that although the MWCNT addition has a slight influence on the energy barrier, the Co particles show a good catalytic effect. Moreover, the coupled effect of Co and MWCNTs reduces the activation energy and it is maintained after cycling. As a consequence of cycling, some nanograins of MgH2 appear covered with a thin external layer of amorphous carbon while some part of the MWCNTs remains intact in the material. An interpretation of the kinetics effect of Co particles and MWCNT coupled addition is proposed.","palabras_clave":"HYDRIDES|MAGNESIUM|NANOTUBES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113799,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microstructure and hard magnetic properties in bulk rods of Nd60Fe30Al10 glass forming alloys","resumen":"AbstractThe Nd60Fe30Al10 alloy exhibits a large glass forming ability which allows to obtain relatively thick cast rods containing large volume fractions of amorphous phases. In this work the microstructure and the hard magnetic properties of as-cast rods are characterized. The alloy is processed by suction casting into a chilled copper mould to obtain cylinders 5&nbsp;mm diameter and 50&nbsp;mm length. This diameter is selected because it is an upper limit for this processing route, beyond which the hard properties largely deteriorate. A room temperature coercivity of 0.34&nbsp;T is obtained. The sample microstructure is heterogeneous, with very different size scales near the surface and along the central zone. However, in both regions a large fraction of an amorphous ferromagnetic phase is observed; it is found that paramagnetic nanocrystalline phases ? mainly Nd or Nd-rich particles, embedded in the amorphous matrix ? are somewhat coarser in the central zone. These larger nanocrystals, less efficient to pin domain walls, are proposed to be responsible for the lower coercive fields observed, as compared with those found in cylinders 1?3&nbsp;mm diameter where no inhomogeneities are found. This conclusion is supported by microstructure, calorimetric and magnetic observations.","palabras_clave":"BULK GLASSY ALLOYS|HARD MAAGNETIC|STRONG WALL PINNING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113800,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An h-adaptive solution of the spherical blast wave problem","resumen":"Shock waves and contact discontinuities usually appear in compressible flows, requiring a fine mesh in order to achieve an acceptable accuracy of the numerical solution. The usage of a mesh adaptation strategy is convenient as uniform refinement of the whole mesh becomes prohibitive in three-dimensional (3D) problems. An unsteady h-adaptive strategy for unstructured finite element meshes is introduced. Non-conformity of the refined mesh and a bounded decrease in the geometrical quality of the elements are some features of the refinement algorithm. A 3D extension of the well-known refinement constraint for 2D meshes is used to enforce a smooth size transition among neighbour elements with different levels of refinement. A density-based gradient indicator is used to track discontinuities. The solution procedure is partially parallelised, i.e. the inviscid flow equations are solved in parallel with a finite element SUPG formulation with shock capturing terms while the adaptation of the mesh is sequentially performed. Results are presented for a spherical blast wave driven by a point-like explosion with an initial pressure jump of 10^5 atmospheres. The adapted solution is compared to that computed on a fixed mesh. Also, the results provided by the theory of self-similar solutions are considered for the analysis. In this particular problem, adapting the mesh to the solution accounts for approximately 4% of the total simulation time and the refinement algorithm scales almost linearly with the size of the problem.","palabras_clave":"MESH ADAPTATION|UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS|HANGING NODES|REFINEMENT CONSTRAINTS|BLAST WAVES|SUPG FORMULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113801,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Controlled Pd deposition on carbon fibers by electroless plating for the reduction of nitrite in water","resumen":"Pd catalysts supported on activated carbon felts (ACFs) with different metallic loadings were prepared by electroless plating and evaluated for the reduction of nitrite in water in a batch reactor. Homogeneous Pd dispersions were obtained, the plating solution concentration and the seeding step being the key variables that determine particle size and morphology. The formation of Pd crystals of 96±22 nm situated at the external surface of the carbon fibers was obtained for 0.14 wt.% of metal loading, while an incipient formation of a Pd thin layerwas detected for 1.9 wt.%. The fresh and used catalysts were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and XPS.fibers was obtained for 0.14 wt.% of metal loading, while an incipient formation of a Pd thin layerwas detected for 1.9 wt.%. The fresh and used catalysts were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and XPS.","palabras_clave":"Nitrates|Water|Carbon fibers|Paladium"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113802,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The role of Pd\u2013In interactions on the performance of PdIn-Hmordenite in the SCR of NOx with CH4","resumen":"  The aimsofthisworkweretouseseveraltechniquestocharacterizethegeneratedspecieswhenindium and palladiumweresuccessivelyexchangedinH-mordeniteandtoinvestigatetheeffectofthePd\/Inratio on thesaidspeciesaswellastocorrelatetheactivityofthepreparedsolidswiththeformedmoieties. We studiedtheactivityofIn-Hmordenitecatalystsobtainedbyreductivesolid-stateionexchangeand the effectoftheadditionofPd.Therewasaclearcorrelationbetweenthemaximumcatalyticactivity of eachcatalystanditsabilitytoformNO2 in thetemperature-programmeddesorptionofNO(NO- TPD) experimentsperformedafterNOadsorption.PdInHM(1\/3)wasthecatalystthatshowedthebest results inactivityand,afterthefirstcatalytictest,itwasfurtheractivated.Thetemperature-programmed reduction (TPR)andNO-TPDresultsofthissolidsuggestthattheamountofactivespeciesincreasedafter the reactionandthattherewouldbesomekindofPd\u2013Ininteraction.Thecharacterizationofthefreshand used samplesbyCOadsorptionandFTIRshowsthedifferencesbetweenPdInHM(1\/3)andPdInHM(1\/6) catalysts intermsofhowPdwaspresentonthesupport,andjustifiesthedifferentcatalyticbehaviorof both catalysts. 2 in thetemperature-programmeddesorptionofNO(NO- TPD) experimentsperformedafterNOadsorption.PdInHM(1\/3)wasthecatalystthatshowedthebest results inactivityand,afterthefirstcatalytictest,itwasfurtheractivated.Thetemperature-programmed reduction (TPR)andNO-TPDresultsofthissolidsuggestthattheamountofactivespeciesincreasedafter the reactionandthattherewouldbesomekindofPd\u2013Ininteraction.Thecharacterizationofthefreshand used samplesbyCOadsorptionandFTIRshowsthedifferencesbetweenPdInHM(1\/3)andPdInHM(1\/6) catalysts intermsofhowPdwaspresentonthesupport,andjustifiesthedifferentcatalyticbehaviorof both catalysts. ","palabras_clave":"SCR|NOx|Methane|PdInMordenite"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113803,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tyrosine phosphatases as key regulators of StAR induction and cholesterol transport: SHP2 as a potential tyrosine phosphatase involved in steroid synthesis","resumen":"The phospho-dephosphorylation of intermediate proteins is a key event in the regulation of steroid biosynthesis. In this regard, it is well accepted that steroidogenic hormones act through the activation of serine\/threonine (Ser\/Thr) protein kinases. Although many cellular processes can be regulated by a crosstalk between different kinases and phosphatases, the relationship of Ser\/Thr phosphorylation and tyrosine (Tyr)-dephosphorylation is a recently explored field in the regulation of steroid synthesis. Indeed in steroidogenic cells, one of the targets of hormone-induced Ser\/Thr phosphorylation is a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Whereas protein tyrosine phosphatases were initially regarded as household enzymes with constitutive activity, dephosphorylating all the substrates they encountered, evidence is now accumulating that protein tyrosine phosphatases are tightly regulated by various mechanisms. Here, we will describe the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in the regulation of steroid biosynthesis, relating them to steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, arachidonic acid metabolism and mitochondrial rearrangement.","palabras_clave":"tyrosine phosphatase|steroidogenesis|StAR|arachidonic acid"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113804,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"RUTAS DE COMUNICACIÓN TRASANDINA DE LOS CAZADORES","resumen":"En estudios arqueológicos realizados en el Noroeste de la Patagonia se han encontrado evidenciasde ocupaciones humanas desde comienzos del Holoceno tardío y de la circulación de materialeshallados en estos sitios entre ambas vertientes de la Cordillera. Sobre la base del comportamientohumano y de factores ambientales, se evalúa la existencia de vías de comunicación pedestre demenor riesgo y costo energético. En un entorno SIG se identifican estas vías de circulación entresitios arqueológicos empleando una superficie de fricción que contempla el grado de resistenciaimpuesto por los tipos de cobertura, la altitud y las pendientes del terreno, la cercanía a orillas deríos, arroyos, lagos y mar. Se partió de mapas vectoriales de curvas de nivel, ríos, lagos y marpara elaborar el DEM y los mapas de bordes de cuerpos de agua. El mapa de cobertura se obtuvoa partir de imágenes satelitales preprocesadas mediante una clasificación supervisada. Para laelaboración de los mapas vectoriales se usó el ArcView3.3 y para el resto de los procedimientosse utilizó el Idrisi Andes. Se describen las técnicas empleadas en cada paso. Se obtuvieron variasvías de circulación y se discuten las similitudes y diferencias entre ellas.","palabras_clave":"Arqueología|Patagonia|Cazadores Recolectores|SIG"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113805,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ascent and emplacement of pegmatitic magmas in a compressional shear zone (Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina)","resumen":"Ordovician to Devonian aged crustal-scale Guacha Corral shear zone (GCSZ), central Argentina, hosts rareelement pegmatites of the Comechingones pegmatitic field (CPF). In the CPF an eastwards decreasing strain gradient related to the GCSZ deformation is defined, with a high strain domain (HSD) to the west and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.strain gradient related to the GCSZ deformation is defined, with a high strain domain (HSD) to the west and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.field (CPF). In the CPF an eastwards decreasing strain gradient related to the GCSZ deformation is defined, with a high strain domain (HSD) to the west and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.fined, with a high strain domain (HSD) to the west and a low strain domain (LSD) to the east. Pegmatites of the CPF were emplaced in both HSD and LSDsynkinematically during ductile GCSZ deformation. Two main mechanisms for pegmatitic melt ascentand emplacement are recognized: ?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.?fracture-controlled? and ?magma pumping? mechanisms. The former implies fracturing generated due to simple shear deformation not related to any previous heterogeneity.With further deformation, pegmatites were emplaced in low-dip surfaces of anisotropy (C?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.?-planes or Tfractures), that might behave as releasing bends connecting adjacent high-dip conduits or shear zones.Displacements along staggered shear zones with releasing bends induce the local development ofdomains with negative pressure gradients, where open spaces could form transiently attracting for thecollection of buoyant melts, a mechanism similar to ?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations.?magma pumping?. With ongoing deformation pegmatites were progressively rotated, sheared and transposed to the mylonitic foliation. Late pegmatitesemplaced by either of the two mechanisms in the HSD and the TZ have retained their originalorientations. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved","palabras_clave":"Pegmatite|emplacement|granite|shear zone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113806,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pegmatite emplacement during compressional deformation of the Guacha Corral shear zone, Córdoba, Argentina","resumen":"In the Sierra de Comechingones, Córdobaprovince, Argentina, a great number of Be?Nb?Ta?UP-rich pegmatites were grouped by Galliski (1994,1999) in the Comechingones Pegmatitic Field (CPF),southeastern Pampean Pegmatitic Province (Fig. 1a).These pegmatites have a LCT signature and belongprincipally to the rare-element class, beryl?columbite?phosphate subtype, and some of them grade to themuscovite class (Galliski 1994).These pegmatites were emplaced at pressuresof approximately 500 MPa, synkinematically withthe crustal scale Guacha Corral shear zone (GCSZ)development (Demartis 2010). At fi rst sight, the transfer of magma through such a ductile, middle pressurecontinental crust seems to require a huge amount ofenergy. However, the GCSZ deformation provided openspaces for the migration and ascent of pegmatite magmas,and the high volatile content of the pegmatites enhancedsignificantly the buoyant force of these pegmatitemagmas. These two points suggest a mechanism ofeasy-intrusion for the pegmatite magmas through theductile continental crust. In this contribution, we presentof magma through such a ductile, middle pressurecontinental crust seems to require a huge amount ofenergy. However, the GCSZ deformation provided openspaces for the migration and ascent of pegmatite magmas,and the high volatile content of the pegmatites enhancedsignificantly the buoyant force of these pegmatitemagmas. These two points suggest a mechanism ofeasy-intrusion for the pegmatite magmas through theductile continental crust. In this contribution, we presentfi rst sight, the transfer of magma through such a ductile, middle pressurecontinental crust seems to require a huge amount ofenergy. However, the GCSZ deformation provided openspaces for the migration and ascent of pegmatite magmas,and the high volatile content of the pegmatites enhancedsignificantly the buoyant force of these pegmatitemagmas. These two points suggest a mechanism ofeasy-intrusion for the pegmatite magmas through theductile continental crust. In this contribution, we presentfi eld and microstructural data from the southern part of the CPF (Fig. 1b) that evidences syntectonic pegmatiteemplacement during the compressional deformationof the GCSZ. We also propose two main deformationrelated mechanisms for space generation that triggeredmagma ascent and emplacementthe CPF (Fig. 1b) that evidences syntectonic pegmatiteemplacement during the compressional deformationof the GCSZ. We also propose two main deformationrelated mechanisms for space generation that triggeredmagma ascent and emplacementeld and microstructural data from the southern part of the CPF (Fig. 1b) that evidences syntectonic pegmatiteemplacement during the compressional deformationof the GCSZ. We also propose two main deformationrelated mechanisms for space generation that triggeredmagma ascent and emplacement","palabras_clave":"pegmatite emplacement|LCT pegmatite|Comechingones Pegmatitic Field|Guacha Corral shear zone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113807,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stimulation of the proline cycle and anthraquinone accumulation in Rubia tinctorum cell suspension cultures in the presence of glutamate and two proline analogs","resumen":"Anthraquinone (AQs) biosynthesis in Rubia tinctorum L. involves different metabolic routes. Chorismic acid, the end-product of shikimate pathway, becomes the branch point between primary and secondary metabolism. It has been proposed that the proline cycle could be coupled with the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), since the NADP+ generated by proline reduction from glutamate could act as a cofactor of the first enzymes of the PPP. This pathway generates erithrose-4-phosphate, the substrate of the shikimate pathway. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of the addition of glutamate and two proline analogs, azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (A2C), and thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (T4C) on the PPP, the proline cycle and anthraquinone production in R. tinctorum cell suspension cultures. The addition of 5 mM of glutamate enhanced both anthraquinone (up to 30%) and total phenolic content (12%), which correlated well with proline accumulation. Only the addition of 200 µM of T4C resulted in an increase in anthraquinone production, which was accompanied by a rise in the proline content. Neither the addition of glutamate nor proline analogs resulted in the induction of PPP, so this route was not a limitant factor as a carbon donor to the shikimate pathway.","palabras_clave":"ANTHRAQUINONES|PROLINE CYCLE|AZETIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID|THIAZOLIDINE-4-CARBOXYLIC ACID"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113808,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Elemental concentration and source identification of PM10 and PM2.5 by SR-XRF in Córdoba City, Argentina","resumen":"24-h samplings of PM10 and PM2.5 have been carried out during the period July 2009?April 2010 at an urban and at a semi-urban site of Córdoba City (Argentina). The samples in the PM2.5 fraction weighted in the average 71 ± 21 µg m-3 and 67 ± 18 µg m-3 respectively, whereas the samples of the same sites in the PM10 fraction weighted 107 ± 31 µg m-3 and 101 ± 14 µg m-3. The chemical composition of aerosol particles was determined by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF). Elemental composition was different in the two fractions: in the finer one the presence of elements with crustal origin is reduced, while the anthropogenic elements, with a relevant environmental and health impact, appear to be increased. An important but unmeasured component is likely constituted by organic and elemental carbon compounds. Multivariate analysis (Positive Matrix Factorization) of the SR-XRF data resolved a number of components (factors) which, on the basis of their chemical compositions, were assigned physical meanings.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"CÓRDOBA CITY|PM2.5|PM10|X-RAY FLUORESCENCE|SYNCHROTRON RADIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113809,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Soil microbial community responses to the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium in Italian ryegrass","resumen":"        Cool-season grasses commonly harbor fungal  endophytes in their aerial tissues. However the effects of these symbionts on  soil microbial communities have rarely been investigated. Our objective was to  explore microbial community responses in soils conditioned by plants of the  annual grass Lolium multiflorum with contrasting levels of infection with the  endophyte Neotyphodium occultans. At the end of the host growing season, we  estimated the functional capacity of soil microbial communities (via catabolic response  profiles), the contribution of fungi and bacteria to soil activity (via  selective inhibition with antibiotics), and the structure of both microbial communities  by molecular analyses. Soil conditioning by highly infected plants affected  soil catabolic profiles and tended to increase soil fungal activity. We  detected a shift in bacterial community structure while no changes were  observed for fungi. Soil responses became evident even without changes in host  plant biomass or soil organic carbon or total nitrogen content, suggesting that  the endophyte modified host rhizodepositions during the conditioning phase. Our  results have implications for the understanding of the reciprocal interactions  between above and belowground communities, suggesting that plant-soil feedbacks  can be mediated by this symbiosis.","palabras_clave":"ABOVE AND BELOW GROUND INTERACTIONS|AERIAL SYMBIOSIS|NEOTYPHODIUM ENDOPHYTES|LOLIUM MULTIFLORUM|SOIL FUNGI AND BACTERIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113810,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri flagellum is required for mature biofilm and canker development","resumen":"Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) is the causative agent of citrus canker. This bacterium develops a characteristic biofilm on both biotic and abiotic surfaces. To evaluate the participation of the single flagellum in biofilm formation, mutants in the fliC (flagellin) and the flgE (hook) genes were generated. Swimming motility, assessed on 0.25% agar plates, was markedly reduced in fliC and flgE mutants. However the fliC and flgE mutants exhibited a flagellar-independent surface translocation on 0.5% agar plates. Mutation of either rpfF or rpfC, which encode proteins involved in cell-cell signaling mediated by the diffusible signal factor DSF, led to a reduction in both flagellar-dependent and flagellar-independent surface translocation, indicating a regulatory role for DSF in both types of motility. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of biofilms produced in static culture indicated that flagellum is also involved in the formation of the mushroom-shaped structures, water channels and dispersion of biofilms. The presence of the flagella was required for mature biofilm development on lemon leaf surface. The absence of flagellin produced a slight reduction in Xac pathogenicity and this reduction was more severe when the complete flagella structure was absent.","palabras_clave":"CANKER|BIOFILM|FLAGELLUM|PATHOGENICITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113811,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Catálogo de hongos gasteroides (Basidiomycota) de Catamarca Argentina.","resumen":".Se realiza un listado de los hongos gasteroides de la provincia de Catamarca (Argentina) basado en la bibliografía hasta abril de 2010. En total aparecen citadas 43 especies distribuidas en 2 órdenes, 4 familias y 13 géneros. El número de especies catalogadas es relativamente baja pero este número probablemente se incremente cuando se estudien las zonas aún no muestreadas como son las regiones fitogeográfícas de la Puna y las Yungas.","palabras_clave":"BIODIVERSIDAD|HONGOS GASTEROIDES|MICOBIOTA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113812,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mycena holoporphyra (Mycenaceae, Agaricomycetes), primer registro para la Argentina","resumen":"Se describe e ilustra a Mycena holoporphyra, la cual se registra por primera vez para la micobiota Argentina. Se analizan las diferencias con las especies cercanas y se incluye una clave para las especies de la sección Calodontes subsección Purae de la Argentina.","palabras_clave":"BASIDIOMYCETES|CALODONTES|IANTHINAE|PURAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113813,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of a Mass Integrated Biodiesel Process","resumen":"A hierarchical decision procedure is proposed for the synthesis of processes that are mass integrated to an existing industrial environment. The procedure takes the information about already installed processes as input. Decisions required to complete the design of the new process are then made considering this environment. The procedure decides among alternative technologies for producing the new product and on the use of output streams from the environment as inputs to the new process and vice versa. It also decides whether this use should be done through new processing facilities to condition these streams. The hierarchical decision procedure described by Douglas was adapted to include these mass integration decisions and to resort to mass exchange network synthesis and sourcesink allocation procedures at the appropriate level of the hierarchy. The procedure is illustrated by designing a new biodiesel process, integrated to the agro-industrial complex already existing in the city of Reconquista, Argentina. The alternative technologies considered for producing biodiesel are acid, basic, and enzymatic catalyzed transesterification processes. The considered raw materials are a pretreated stream from an edible oils refinery and residual fatty streams from other factories, with high free fatty acid content. The acid raw materials could be converted to biodiesel either directly through an acid process or after an esterification treatment through the same basic process that is utilized for good quality edible oils raw material. The produced biodiesel could be sold to oil companies or to the local agro-machinery business. The raw glycerin byproduct could be sold as glycerin after purification, fermented to ethanol in a cereals bioethanol factory, used as fuel in properly designed boilers, or used in the formulation of cattle food in local feed lots. This paper discusses (i) the trade-off between implementing mass exchangers or separation processes in the case of methanol added in excess and alkali added as a catalyst in the reaction step, (ii) the adaptation of the standard source sink allocation approach adding constraints of the diet problem, and (iii) the order of decisions in the hierarchy, which strongly affects the programming effort to solve this synthesis and design problem. Results analysis shows that both the economic and environmental performance of the biodiesel process is significantly improved when taking into account the local industrial environment of the new plant. Furthermore, as the integrated plant is able to process multiple raw &nbsp;aterials and offer alternative product specifications to end consumers, its operation is adjustable to changing market conditions. ","palabras_clave":"Synthesis|Integration|Mass|Biodiesel"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113814,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mass Integration as a Design Heuristic: Improvements in the HDA Process","resumen":"&nbsp;This paper explores mass exchanging the outlet and inlet streams of a reactor, as a design heuristic within the hierarchical process design procedure by Douglas [AIChE J. 1985, 31 (3), 353361 and Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes; McGrawHill, 1988], who worked on the HDA process to test the proposal. The heuristic is used at an early stage of the hierarchy, when deciding the recycle and separation system structure of the process. If the reaction requires operating conditions with reactants in excess or that catalyze the reaction, which must be removed after the reaction, there is a concentration gradient between the inlet and outlet streams that may be used as the driving force in a mass exchanger (if such a device is available for the particular case).When applied to the HDA process, this methodology generated alternatives different from the previously proposed by other authors by resorting to a ceramic membrane gas permeation unit to perform the mass exchange of hydrogen. The performance of applying the heuristic was tested comparing the flow sheets proposed by several authors with and without this mass exchanger. The success of implementing this mass exchange networks synthesis concept was dependent on the concentration of the component to betransferred in the rich stream (i.e., it works if there is an appropriate driving force).","palabras_clave":"PROCESS SYNTHESIS|PROCESS DESIGN|DESIGN HEURISTIC|HDA PROCESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113815,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Smaug 1 mRNA-silencing foci respond to NMDA and modulate synapse formation","resumen":"Mammalian Smaug1\/Samd4A is a translational repressor. Here we show that Smaug1 forms mRNA-silencing foci located at postsynapses of hippocampal neurons. These structures, which we have named S-foci, are distinct from P-bodies, stress granules, or other neuronal RNA granules hitherto described, and are the first described mRNA-silencing foci specific to neurons. RNA binding was not required for aggregation, which indicates that S-foci formation is not a consequence of mRNA silencing. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor stimulation provoked a rapid and reversible disassembly of S-foci, transiently releasing transcripts (the CaMKIIá mRNA among others) to allow their translation. Simultaneously, NMDA triggered global translational silencing, which suggests the specific activation of Smaug1-repressed transcripts. Smaug1 is expressed during synaptogenesis, and Smaug1 knockdown affected the number and size of synapses, and also provoked an impaired response to repetitive depolarizing stimuli, as indicated by a reduced induction of Arc\/Arg3.1. Our results suggest that S-foci control local translation, specifically responding to NMDA receptor stimulation and affecting synaptic plasticity.","palabras_clave":"Smaug1|synapsis|mRNA silencing foci|NMDA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113816,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential effects of insulin on peripheral diabetes-related changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics: involvement of advanced glycosylated end products","resumen":"Large scale clinical trials have demonstrated that an intensive antihyperglycemic treatment in diabetes mellitus (DM) in individuals reduces the incidence of micro- and macrovascular complications, e.g. nephropathy, retinopathy, DM-accelerated atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, or limb amputations. Here, we investigated the effect of short- and long-term insulin administration on mitochondrial function in peripheral tissues of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic rats. In addition, the in vitro effect of methylglyoxal (MG), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and human diabetic plasma on mitochondrial activity was investigated in skeletal muscle and liver mitochondria and in rat skin primary fibroblasts. Hyperglycemic STZ rats showed tissue-specific patterns of energy deficiency, evidenced by reduced activities of complexes I, II and\/or IV after 30 days of hyperglycemia in heart, skeletal muscle and liver; moreover, cardiac tissue was found to be the most sensitive to the diabetic condition, since energy metabolism was impaired after 10 days of the hyperglycemia. Insulin-induced tight glycemic control was effective in protecting against the hyperglycemia-induced inhibition of mitochondrial enzyme activities. Furthermore, the long-term hormone replacement (30 days) also increased these activities in kidney from STZ-treated animals, where the hyperglycemic state did not modify the electron transport activity. Results from in vitro experiments indicate that mitochondrial impairment could result from oxidative stress-induced accumulation of MG and\/or AGEs. Further investigations demonstrated that human plasma AGE accumulation elicits reduced mitochondrial function in skin fibroblast. These data suggest that persistent hyperglycemia results in tissue-specific patterns of energy deficiency and that early and continuous insulin therapy is necessary to maintain proper mitochondrial metabolism.","palabras_clave":"Hyperglycemia|Insulin|Mitochondrial oxidative stress|Streptozotocin|Cardioprotection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113817,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"How accurate is it to update the cosmology of your halo catalogues?","resumen":"We present an application of the full rescaling method by Angulo &amp; White (2010)  to change the cosmology of halo catalogues in numerical simulations for cosmological  parameter searches. We show that a reduced form of the method can be applied in  small simulations with box side  2\/knl(z = 0) without loss of accuracy. We perform  statistical tests on the accuracy of the properties of rescaled individual haloes, and also  on the rescaled population as a whole. We find that individual positions and velocities are recovered with almost no detectable biases, but with a scatter that increases  slightly with the size of the simulation box when using the full method. The dispersion  in the recovered number of particles does not seem to depend on the resolution of the  simulation. Regardless of the halo mass, the individual accretion histories, spin parameter evolution and fraction of mass in substructures are remarkably well recovered. In  particular, in order to recover a more accurate estimate of the halo virial mass, it was  necessary to apply an additional correction for the virial overdensity and the estimate  of its effect on a NFW virial mass. The number of particles of rescaled haloes can be  underestimated (overestimated) for negative (positive) variations of either sigmma8 or   omega matter, in a way that does not depend on the halo mass. Statistics of abundances and correlation functions of haloes show also small biases of &lt; 10 percent when moving away  from the base simulation by up to 2 times the uncertainty in the WMAP7 cosmological parameters. The merger tree properties related to the final galaxy population in  haloes also show small biases; the time since the last major merger, the assembly time-scale, and a time-scale related to the stellar ages show correlated biases which indicate  that the spectral shapes of galaxies would only be affected by global age changes of   150Myr, i.e. relatively small shifts in their broad-band colours. We show some of  these biases for different separations in the cosmological parameters with respect to  the desired cosmology so that these can be used to estimate the expected accuracy of  the resulting halo population","palabras_clave":"NUMERICAL|COSMOLOGY|LARGE-SCALE-STRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113818,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ram pressure profiles in galaxy groups and clusters","resumen":"Using a hybrid method which combines non-radiative hydrodynamical simulations with a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, we determine the ram pressure as a function of halocentric distance experienced by galaxies in haloes with virial masses 12.5 <= log (M_200 h\/M_Sun) < 15.35, for redshifts 0 <= z <= 3. The ram pressure is calculated with a self-consistent method which uses the simulation gas particles to obtain the properties of the intergalactic medium. The ram pressure profiles obtained can be well described by beta profile models, with parameters that depend on redshift and halo virial mass in a simple fashion. The fitting formulae provided here will prove useful to include ram pressure effects into semi-analytic models based on methods which lack gas physics, such as dark matter-only simulations or the Press-Schechter formalism.","palabras_clave":"METHODS: NUMERICAL|(GALAXIES:) INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM|GALAXIES: EVOLUTION|GALAXIES: CLUSTERS: GENERAL|GALAXIES: CLUSTERS: INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113819,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Rigorous Mathematical Formulation for the Scheduling of Tree-Structure Pipeline Networks","resumen":"Pipeline networks are the dominant mode of conveying a wide variety of oil refined products from refineries to distribution terminals. Pipeline infrastructure usually comprises trunk lines serving high-volume, long-haul transportation requirements, and delivering lines moving smaller volumes over shorter distances. Lots of products are mostly sent through trunk lines to bulk terminals while some portions are branched to delivering lines and supplied to nearby market areas. This work presents a novel continuous-time mixed-integer linear (MILP) formulation for the short-term operational planning of tree-structure pipeline systems. The problem goal is to find the optimal schedule of pumping and delivery operations in order to satisfy all terminal requirements at minimum operating cost. To this end, model constraints strictly monitor the branching of batches and the creation of new interfaces in delivering lines to avoid forbidden sequences and determine additional reprocessing costs. By allowing the transfer of multiple products to a delivering line during a batch injection, longer runs can be executed and fewer ones are needed to find the optimal solution. The new approach has been successfully applied to three examples, one of them involving a real-world pipeline network. Compared with previous contributions, significant improvements in both solution quality and CPU time have been obtained. ","palabras_clave":"Tree-Structure Pipeline Networks|Refined Product Distribution Planning|Continuous Mathematical Formulation|Rigorous Approach"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113820,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Detailed Scheduling of Operations in Single-Source Refined Products Pipelines","resumen":"The short-term scheduling of refined products pipelines is a very complex problem with many operational constraints to be considered. Available non-discrete planning approaches just provide the input schedule and the set of aggregate product deliveries to be performed from in-transit lots to depots at every batch injection. To determine the sequence of individual cuts on each batch to be accomplished by the pipeline operator, it is still necessary to refine such an aggregate plan. To do so, new computational tools for efficiently generating the detailed schedule of single-source pipelines with multiple distribution terminals are presented. Two types of methodologies are proposed. On one hand, it is developed a continuous-time mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) &nbsp;formulation that seeks to minimize both the total flow restart volume and the number of single-delivery pumping runs over the planning horizon. In this way, substantial savings in energy consumption and pump maintenance costs are achieved. Effective solution strategies for the MILP model are also designed to deal with large pipeline scheduling problems. On the other hand, three different heuristic rules for selecting the receiving terminal are introduced. By applying those rules in combination with a discrete-event simulation model, not only alternative detailed schedules can be generated in a very short CPU time but also some of them are near-optimal solutions. Three instances of a case study aimed at finding the detailed schedule of a real-world single-source pipeline system are solved through the proposed optimization and discrete-event simulation methods. Results are analyzed to assess the quality of the generated solutions and the required computational costs. ","palabras_clave":"Single-source Pipelines|Detailed Scheduling|Continuous-Time Mathematical Formulation|Discrete-Event Simulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113821,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New scheduling rule improves pipeline efficiency","resumen":"A new rule prioritizing product delivery to the eligible terminal closest to the one being currently served reduces total accumulated idle volume by about 40% and decreases the&nbsp;number of cut operations. Different priority arrays lead to different delivery schedules, strongly affecting cost-efficiency of the solution achieved. Prioritizing nearest-to-refinery terminals, for instance, may reduce the total volume of segments stopped, but&nbsp;the number of stripping operations will surely increase.&nbsp; Prioritizing the farthest terminals, however, may increase the number and volume of pipeline stoppages. Part 1 of this series (OGJ, Aug. 1, 2011, p. 98) discussed development of the discrete event simulation system on \u201CArena.\u201D This concluding second part applies the system tomanagement of a real-world products pipeline with a single input and multiple delivery points. The approach described allows use of emerging simulation- based optimization tools to improve performance of the resulting schedules. Future work will focus on developing efficient priority rules combined with heuristic search and rigorous formulations to find cost-efficient and robust solutions for detailed scheduling of multiproduct pipeline networks with different configurations.","palabras_clave":"Oil Pipelines|Detailed Scheduling|Discrete-Event Simulation|Priority Rules"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113822,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular identification of human enteroviruses in children with neurological infections from the central region of Argentina","resumen":"In the central area of Argentina, epidemiologicaland molecular characteristics of human enterovirusinfections are still unknown. RT-nested PCR of the highlyconserved 50NCR was used to detect enteroviruses in 168samples of cerebrospinal fluid from hospitalized patientswith suspected infection of the central nervous system(2007?2008), and 13 (7.7%) were positive. Moleculartyping was performed by sequencing of the 30-half VP1region. Echovirus 30 was the predominant type detected,followed by coxsackie viruses A9 and B4. All echovirus 30strains of 2007 clustered in lineage H, whereas the echovirus30 isolate obtained in 2008 was more distantly related,possibly representing a new lineage.","palabras_clave":"Human enterovirus | Echovirus 30 | VP1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113823,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phylodynamics of Hepatitis C virus Subtype 2c in the Province of Cordoba, Argentina","resumen":"The Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2 subtype 2c (HCV-2c) is detected as a low prevalence subtype in many countries, except in Southern Europe and Western Africa. The current epidemiology of HCV in Argentina, a low-prevalence country, shows the expected low prevalence for this subtype. However, this subtype is the most prevalent in the central province of Cordoba. Cruz del Eje (CdE), a small rural city of this province, shows a prevalence for HCV infections of 5%, being 90% of the samples classified as HCV-2c. In other locations of Cordoba Province (OLC) with lower prevalence for HCV, HCV-2c was recorded in about 50% of the samples. The phylogenetic analysis of samples from Cordoba Province consistently conformed a monophyletic group with HCV-2c sequences from all the countries where HCV-2c has been sequenced. The phylogeographic analysis showed an overall association between geographical traits and phylogeny, being these associations significant (>=0.05) for Italy, France, Argentina (places other than C¨®rdoba), Martinique, CdE and OLC. The coalescence analysis for samples from CdE, OLC and France yielded a Time for the Most Common Recent Ancestor of about 140 years, whereas its demographic reconstruction showed a 'lag'± phase in the viral population until 1880 and then an exponential growth until 1940. These results were also obtained when each geographical area was analyzed separately, suggesting that HCV-2c came into Cordoba province during the migration process, mainly from Europe, which is compatible with the history of Argentina of the early 20th century. This also suggests that the spreading of HCV-2c occurred almost simultaneously in Europe and South America, possibly as a result of the advances in medicine technology of the first half of the 20th century.","palabras_clave":"hepatitis C virus |epidemiology|phylogenetic analysis|coalescence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113824,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Immunoglobulin  G  sub-classes  in  antibody  responses  to  St.  Louis  encephalitis  virus  infections.","resumen":"The aim of this study was to recognize the specific antiviral response patterns of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3and IgG4 subclasses, elicited during St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) infection in humans. Eighty-five samples of human sera from 44 patients with SLEV infection were obtained between days 1 and 365 or later, after onset of the disease. These samples were processed by immunofluorescence assay for detection of IgG1-, IgG2-, IgG3- and IgG4-specific antibodies. We demonstrate the presence of all isotypes of IgG for more than a year in patients infected with SLEV. However; isotype IgG1 was present at the highest titers, with a peak between days 8 and 30 after onset of the disease.","palabras_clave":"St. Louis encephalitis virus|IgG isotypes|Immune response"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113825,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Charge separation in low temperature ice-cloud regions","resumen":"New laboratory measurements of graupel pellet charging due to collision with ice particles at low temperature are presented.                       The experiments were carried out in the temperature range -37°C to -47°C, with an impact velocity of 7 m s-1   and in the absence of supercooled liquid water. The graupel pellet was   simulated with a previously rimed brass cylinder of                       4 mm diameter, and the small ice particles were   formed by natural freezing of supercooled water droplets at low   temperature                       without seeding the cloud. The effective ice water   content used in the experiments was between 0.25 and 0.33 g m-3. Cloud particle samples show small ice particles with diameters up to 24 &#956;m.   The results show that the sign of the charging current acquired by the   graupel is predominantly negative, and its magnitude                       ranges from 0 to -150 pA; although there is a   significant dispersion of data, a marked dependence on temperature is   not observed.                       It is estimated that the magnitude of the charge   transfer per collision is between 0.01 and 0.1 fC; the charging rate of a                       graupel pellet of 4 mm diameter then would be about   300 pC min-1. Based on this experimental evidence, we   suggest that the charging mechanism associated with graupel\u2013frozen   droplet collision                       and separation may be relevant in clouds whose   internal temperatures are substantially lower than -37°C and could be   the main                       generator for high-altitude lightning.","palabras_clave":"CHARGE SEPARATION|LOW TEMPERATURE|CLOUD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113826,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seismic Mitigation of a Historic Masonry Building","resumen":"This work presents an analysis  of different proposals of rehabilitation of a masonry building, built to  principles of XX century for public school, in the highest seismic risk zone of  Argentine. During 1985, Mendoza Earthquake suffered damages which are forced  for eviction order. The building has masonry walls  of artisan ceramic bricks, without lateral ties and wood-framed roof. Currently,  it presents structural pathologies due to various seismic events and  maintenance by water losses affecting the soil of foundation.The work was developed in two  stages, one in 1999, and the other one in 2010. At each stage, the evaluation  of pathologies was carried out. Studies of the soil and the characterization of  materials used were also conducted. As a reference, the effect of vibrations  generated by the traffic was measured. With the obtained parameters, the  structure was modeled through finite elements in order to verify the status of  damage and the behavior of the proposed rehabilitation (reinforced concrete or  steel structure).The technique of  rehabilitation accepted by the heritage experts is the reversible type, in  order to avoid further damage to the existing masonry. The seismic capacity is  evaluated according to the rules in force.","palabras_clave":"masonry|rehabilitation|preservation|soiil capacity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113827,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism of Craniofacial Traits Using Geometric Morphometric Techniques","resumen":"This work deals with the assessment of cranial sexual dimorphism in human skeletal samples applying geometric morphometric techniques. The purpose of this research is to apply such techniques to quantitatively describe in craniofacial traits the degree and pattern of shape and size sexual dimorphism. Likewise, we evaluate the precision and accuracy of semilandmark-based techniques for sex estimation. We employ a sample of 125 adult skulls of known sex from the Coimbra collection. A set of coordinate points was selected to describe glabella, mastoid, frontal and zygomatic processes. The results of intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) show excellent intra- and inter-observer agreement (ICC&gt;0.96) in the location of the coordinates of points employed. The principal component analysis (PCA) performed on shape variables shows a largesuperposition of both sexes, suggesting a relatively low degree of dimorphism in shape. As a consequence, the average percentages of correct sex estimations based on these variables were of 60.12 and 68.90%, obtained by discriminant analysis with leave-one-out cross validation and k-means clustering respectively. Conversely, when centroid size is included in PCA, females and males exhibit large separation along the first component. The highest values of correct assignment (77.86 and 72.15%) were found using shape\u2013size variables with discriminant and k-means clustering analysis, indicating that the traits analysed display marked sex differences related to the larger size and more robust features of males. Finally, the advantages of geometric morphometric techniques are discussed.","palabras_clave":"cranial sex|semilandmarks|discriminant analysis|k-means clustering"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113828,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The development of dental research in Argentinean biological anthropology: Current state and future perspectives","resumen":"The aim of this paper is to conduct a historical analysis of the   research-oriented studies related to dental anthropology in Argentina,   evaluate its current state and discuss future expectations and   perspectives. In this country, anthropological studies based on analysis   of dentition have been scarce and even temporarily discontinued, since   they began in the late nineteenth century, simply following the course   of the predominant theoretical and methodological approaches over time.   Early papers, guided mainly by evolutionary ideas, were oriented towards   establishing the taxonomic position of humans through the description   and comparison of morphological and morphometric aspects of the dental   crown and root. Later studies mainly described types of intentional   modifications (i.e. dental mutilations) and tooth wear in the context of   Historic-Cultural School. However, they failed to constitute valid   lines of research over time. In recent years, there has been a   significant change in dental studies, mainly as a result of the interest   in evaluating the adaptive aspects of human populations within   biocultural settings. One of the most relevant lines of studies has been   the bioarchaeological analysis of health and stress indicators, such as   enamel hypoplasia, caries and tooth wear in hunter\u2013gatherer and farmer   societies. More recently, the study of discrete and metric dental traits   began, with a goal to contribute to the study of evolution and   inter-populational biological relations among South American groups.   Since teeth contain valuable information not only about the environment   in which the individual lived, but also about the action of neutral and   non-neutral factors on human groups, the consolidation of ongoing   studies will contribute to knowledge of various aspects of the   adaptation and evolution of native American populations.","palabras_clave":"Dentition|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113829,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ontogenetic allometry and cranial shape diversification among human populations from South America","resumen":"Modifications of ontogenetic allometries play an important role in patterning the shape differentiation among populations. This study evaluates the influence of size variation on craniofacial shape disparity among human populations from South America and assesses whether the morphological disparity observed at the interpopulation level resulted from a variable extension of the same ontogenetic allometry, or whether it arose as a result of divergences in the pattern of size-related shape changes. The size and shape of 282 adult and subadult crania were described by geometric morphometric-based techniques. Multivariate regressions were used to evaluate the influence of size on shape differentiation between and within populations, and phylogenetic comparative methods were used to take into account the shared evolutionary history among populations. The phylogenetic generalized least-squares models showed that size accounts for a significant amount of shape variation among populations for the vault and face but not for the base, suggesting that the three modules did not exhibit a uniform response to changes in overall growth. The common slope test indicated that patterns of evolutionary and ontogenetic allometry for the vault and face were similar and characterized by a heightening of the face and a lengthening of the vault with increasing size. The conservation of the same pattern of shape changes with size suggests that differences in the extent of growth contributed to the interpopulation cranial shape variation and that certain directions of morphological change were favored by the trait covariation along ontogeny.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"ontogenetic and evolutionary allometry|cranial modules|geometric morphometrics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113830,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Desarrollo de un Nuevo Producto Informático: Evaluación Económica","resumen":"En el presente trabajo se estudia la viabilidad económica y financiera del desarrollo y posterior lanzamiento de un software de gestión para la práctica veterinaria, por parte de una empresa local. Para efectuar dicho análisis se utiliza el método CAPM (Capital Asset Price Model). En primer lugar, para estudiar la rentabilidad de la propuesta se confecciona un flujo de fondos, analizando los ingresos y egresos que intervienen en la introducción del nuevo producto. Luego, para llevar a cabo la evaluación   económica se utilizan los siguientes indicadores económicos: (i) Tasa Interna de Retorno, (ii) Valor Actual Neto y (iii) Período de Recupero. Estos indicadores permiten afirmar que es posible desarrollar e introducir el producto satisfactoriamente en el mercado del software.","palabras_clave":"CAPM|EVALUACION ECONÓMICA Y FINANCIERA|FLUJO DE FONDOS|SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113831,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL OF A MICRODISPLAY AS A SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR","resumen":"This work introduces a new approximation of the Jones Matrix model, widely used for the prediction of the phase modulation of Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Displays (TN-LCDs). Furthermore, this work presents a new set of simple experiments that were carried out to reveal the optical characteristics of a Kopin´s microdisplay and to verify the feasibility of a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) prototype developed, to provide a phase modulation between 0 and 2pi without modifying the amplitude of light passing through the device, which is called 'Phase Only - SLM'.","palabras_clave":"Spatial Light Modulator"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113832,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La generación de efluentes cloacales y el reuso de agua","resumen":"En respuesta al artículo publicado en la edición 35 de Hydria, sobrela construcción de emisarios submarinos como alternativa a ladisposición de efluentes cloacales en ciudades costeras, los autoresplantean la necesidad de considerar otros sistemas que permitan elreuso del agua y la preservación de las condiciones ambientales delos cuerpos receptores, incluido el mar, especialmente en zonas conbalance hídrico negativo.","palabras_clave":"Emisarios submarinos|Efluentes cloacales|Reuso de Aguas|Zonas áridas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113833,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quantum state transfer in a XX chain with impurities","resumen":"         One spin excitation states are involved in the transmission of quantum states  and entanglement through a quantum spin chain, the localization properties of  these states are crucial to achieve the transfer of information from one  extreme of the chain to the other. We investigate the bipartite entanglement  and localization of the one excitation states in a quantum $XX$ chain with one  impurity. The bipartite entanglement is obtained using the Concurrence and the  localization is analyzed using the inverse participation ratio. Changing the  strength of the exchange coupling of the impurity allows us to control the  number of localized or extended states. The analysis of the inverse  participation ratio allows us to identify scenarios where the transmission of  quantum states or entanglement can be achieved with a high degree of fidelity.  In particular we identify a regime where the transmission of quantum states  between the extremes of the chain is executed in a short transmission time  $sim N\/2$, where $N$ is the number of spins in the chain, and with a large  fidelity.","palabras_clave":"quantum state transfer|impurities"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113834,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Real stabilization of resonance states employing two parameters: basis set size and coordinate scaling","resumen":"The resonance states of one- and two-particle Hamiltonians are studied using variationalexpansions with real basis-set functions. The resonance energies, Er, and widths, $\\Gamma$,are calculated using the density of states and an ${mathcal L}^2$ golden rule-like formula.We present a recipe to select adequately some solutions of the variational problem. The setof approximate energies obtained shows a very regular behaviour with the basis-setsize, N. Indeed, these particular variational eigenvalues show a quite simple scalingbehaviour and convergence when $N \\righarrow \\infty$. Following the same prescription tochoose particular solutions of the variational problem we obtain a set of approximatewidths. Using the scaling function that characterizes the behaviour of theapproximate energies as a guide, it is possible to find a very good approximationto the actual value of the resonance width.","palabras_clave":"Stabilization|Resonance|Scaling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113835,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Robustness of spin-coupling distributions for perfect quantum state transfer","resumen":"The transmission of quantum information between different parts of a quantum computer is of fundamental importance. Spin chains have been proposed as quantum channels for transferring information. Different configurations for the spin couplings were proposed in order to optimize the transfer. As imperfections in the creation of these specific spin-coupling distributions can never be completely avoided, it is important to nd out which systems are optimally suited for information transfer by assessing their robustness against imperfections or disturbances. We analyze different spin coupling distributions of spin chain channels designed for perfect quantum state transfer. In particular, we study the transfer of an initial state from one end of the chain to the other end. We quantify the robustness of different coupling distributions against perturbations and we relate it to the properties of the energy eigenstates and eigenvalues. We find that the localization properties of the systems play an important role for robust quantum state transfer.","palabras_clave":"perfect transfer|static disorder"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113836,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Is N-resorption efficiency related to secondary compounds and leaf longevity in coexisting plant species of the arid Patagonian Monte, Argentina?","resumen":"Leaf longevity and nutrient resorption efficiency are important strategies to conserve plant nutrients. Theory suggests a negative relationship between them and also proposes that high concentration of phenolics in long-lived leaves may reduce nutrient resorption. In order to provide new evidence on these relationships, we explored whether N-resorption efficiency is related to leaf longevity, secondary compounds and other leaf traits in coexisting plant species of different life forms in the arid Patagonian Monte, Argentina.We assessed N-resorption efficiency, green leaf traits (leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf longevity and lignin, total soluble phenolics and N concentrations) and N concentration in senescent leaves of 12 species of different life forms (evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs and perennial grasses) with contrasting leaf traits.We found that leaf longevity was positively correlated to LMA and lignin, and negative correlated to N concentration in green leaves. N concentrations both in green and senescent leaves were positively related. N-resorption efficiency was not associated with the concentration of secondary compounds (total soluble phenolics and lignin) but it was negatively related to LMA and leaf longevity and positively related to N concentration in green leaves. Furthermore, leaf traits overlapped among life forms highlighting that life forms are not a good indicator of the functional properties (at least in relation to nutrient conservation) of species. In conclusion, our findings indicated that differences in N-resorption efficiency among coexisting species were more related to N concentration in green leaves, leaf lifespan and LMA than to the presence of secondary compounds at least those assessed in our study (soluble phenolics and lignin). Accordingly, N-resorption efficiency seems to be modulated, at least in part, by the productivity\/persistence trade-off.","palabras_clave":"GREEN LEAF|LEAF MASS PER AREA|LIGNIN CONCENTRATION|N CONCENTRATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113837,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by a Direct In Situ PCR Method.","resumen":"In situ detection ofMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is useful for diagnosis and research of paratuberculosis. The aim  of this paper was to detect this agent in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples by a direct in situ PCR. The technique  was performed on ileum or ileocaecal lymph node samples from 8 naturally infected cattle and 1 healthy calf, by using p89 and  p92 primers for amplification of IS900 sequence. Moderate positive signal was detected in all positive samples and not in negative  control, but tissues resulted were affected in many cases due to the enzymatic treatment and the high temperature exposition.  Although the technique was useful for Map detection, the signal was lower than immunohistochemistry probably because of the  fixation process. In one case, signal was higher, which might be due to the detection of spheroplasts. Thus, the described method  should be recommended when others resulted negative or for spheroplasts detection","palabras_clave":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis|PCR|diagnosis|in situ method"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113838,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Apa antigen of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a target for species-specific immunodetection of the bacteria in infected tissues of cattle with paratuberculosis","resumen":"Comparative genomics of Mycobacterium spp. have revealed conservative genes and respective proteins differently expressed in mycobacteria that could be used as targets for the species-specific immunodiagnostics. The alanine and proline-rich antigen Apa is a mycobacterial protein that present significant variability in primary sequence length and composition between members of M.&nbsp;avium and M. tuberculosis complexes. In this study, the recombinant Apa protein encoded by the MAP1569\/ModD gene of M. avium subsp.paratuberculosis (Map) was used to generate a panel of monoclonal antibodies which were shown to recognize the most important veterinary pathogens of the M. avium complex, specifically Map and M. avium subsp. hominissuis, and which did not cross-react with M. bovis or M. tuberculosis. The produced antibodies were demonstrated to be a useful tool for the species-specific immunofluorescence or immunohistochemical detection of Map in experimentally infected cell cultures or intestinal tissues from cattle with bovine paratuberculosis and, additionally, they may be employed for the discrimination of pathogenic M. avium subspecies via Western blotting.","palabras_clave":"ANTIGEN APA|MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES|IMMUNODETECTION|PARATUBERCULOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113839,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Desarrollo de un nuevo diagnóstico serológico para brucelosis bovina utilizando LPS y cadena O del LPS de Brucella abortus","resumen":"La brucelosis bovina es una enfermedad endémica en los países del MERCOSUR. Provoca principalmente abortos. Uno de los principales antígenos de Brucella abortus es el lipopolisacárido (LPS), el cual consta de una parte glicolipídica (lípido A) y otra polisacarídica expuesta hacia el exterior, formada por el núcleo o core, más interno y la cadena O. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar y evaluar un inmunoensayo, denominado APIA (antígeno printeado immunoanalisis), para el diagnóstico de brucelosis bovina, con los antígenos LPS y cadena O del LPS de Brucella abortus, adheridos a una membrana de nitrocelulosa. Cuando se utilizó como antígeno el LPS de Brucella abortus 85% de los sueros de los animales positivos reaccionaron con el antígeno en el formato APIA, en cambio con la cadena O del LPS muy pocos sueros positivos reconocieron este antígeno. La especificidad del APIA-LPS y APIA-Cadena O fue 100 %, incluyendo para calcularla sueros de animales positivos, negativos, y vacunados con S19 o RB51. Debido a que solo con LPS total como antígeno se detectó una considerable cantidad de animales enfermos, en un segundo paso de este trabajo se evaluó solo el APIA-LPS con  a) 40 sueros de animales con status sanitario conocido, de los cuales 10 eran sueros de un rodeo positivo a Brucelosis de Uruguay, confirmado con las pruebas de RB, 2-ME, SAT, BPA y FPA, y los restante 30 eran animales con otras patologías; b) muestras de suero de  215 animales de Uruguay de 3 tambos diferentes, y 359 de animales de Paraguay de 4 tambos diferentes, todos de status sanitario desconocido. Los sueros de estos rodeos fueron también evaluados con las pruebas convencionales para brucelosis.De los 40 sueros de Uruguay solo los 10 sueros del rodeo con brucelosis fueron positivos por APIA-LPS. De las muestras de rodeos de status desconocido de Uruguay y Paraguay, se obtuvo con APIA-LPS un total de 6 sueros positivos en Uruguay, todos los positivos fueron del mismo establecimiento, y 8 positivos a Brucelosis por APIA-LPS en Paraguay, también todos pertenecientes al mismo establecimiento. Todos estos sueros fueron también evaluados con las pruebas: RB, 2-M, SAT, BPA y FPA.  En todos los casos los resultados de las pruebas convencionales coincidieron con APIA-LPS.Los resultados demostraron que el APIA-LPS, es una valiosa herramienta diagnóstica para identificar animales con brucelosis bovina. Se puede procesar gran cantidad de sueros en forma simultanea y identificar positivos aun en rodeos que no tenían historia clínica, además permite diferenciar animales infectados de vacunados, tanto con la cepa S19 como con la cepa RB51.","palabras_clave":"Brucelosis|LPS|diagnóstico"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113840,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemical evolution during gas-rich galaxy interactions","resumen":"We perform and analyse a set of galaxy interactions performed by using a  self-consistent chemo-hydrodynamical model which includes star  formation, supernova (SN) feedback and chemical evolution. In agreement  with previous works, we find that tidally induced low-metallicity gas  inflows dilute the central oxygen abundance and contribute to the  flattening of the metallicity gradients. The tidally induced inflows  trigger starbursts which increase the impact of Type II supernova (SN  II) feedback injecting new chemical elements and driving galactic winds  which modulate the metallicity distribution. Although  &#945;-enhancement in the central regions is detected as a result of  the induced starbursts in agreement with previous works, our simulations  suggest that this parameter can only provide a timing of the first  pericentre mainly for non-retrograde encounters. In order to reproduce  wet major mergers at low and high redshifts, we have run simulations  with respectively 20 and 50 per cent of the disc in the form of gas. We  find that the more gas-rich encounters behave similarly to the less rich  ones, between the first and second pericentre, where low-metallicity gas  inflows are triggered. However, the higher strength of the inflows  triggered in the more gas-rich interactions produces larger metal  dilution factors, which are modulated afterwards by the new chemical  production by SN. We find that the more gas-rich interaction develops  violent and clumpy star formation triggered by local instabilities all  over the disc before the first pericentre, so that if these galaxies  were observed at these early stages where no important tidally induced  inflows have been able to be developed yet, they would tend to show an  excess of oxygen. We find a global mean correlation of both the central  abundances and the gradients with the strength of the star formation  activity. However, the correlations are affected by orbital parameters,  gas inflows and outflows, suggesting that it might be difficult to  determine it from observations. Overall, our findings show that a  consistent description of the gas dynamics and stellar evolution along  the interactions is necessary to assess their effects on the chemical  properties of the interstellar medium.","palabras_clave":"galaxies: abundances|galaxies: evolution|galaxies: formation|galaxies: interactions"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113841,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Assessment of recent sediment influence in an urban polluted subantarctic coastal ecosystem. Beagle Channel (Southern Argentina","resumen":"In this study, baseline information about the environmental status of   Ushuaia (UB) and Golondrina (GB) bays is presented. Surface and bottom   seawater and freshwater discharged from land were evaluated.   Multivariate analysis identified different water quality zones within   the bays, two of them located next to the north and northwest coastlines   of UB, where the majority of human activities are developed. Porosity,   total organic matter, biochemical components, ammonium, and   phytopigments were determined in sediment samples from each quality   zone. Benthic fluxes of nutrients and dissolved oxygen were assessed in situ   using opaque chambers. In northwest zone of UB, carbon equivalents of   proteins and carbohydrates in surficial sediments were the same order as   in hypertrophic ecosystems, whereas ammonium and phosphate released   from sediment greatly exceeded the allochthonous sources. Management of   municipal wastewater is required to remediate this chronic pollution.","palabras_clave":"EUTROPHICATION|SEDIMENT AND WATER QUALITY|SEDIMENT-WATER EXCHANGES|BIOCHEMICAL COMPONENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113842,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hypolipidemic effect of Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) roots on diabetic rats: Biochemical approach","resumen":"Fructooligosaccharides   (FOS) are sugars found  naturally at high concentrations in the storage   roots of yacon. This study was  designed to analyze the beneficial   effects of subchronic oral consumption of  yacon root flour as a diet   supplement in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar  rats. The   experiments were carried out using yacon flour tablets containing the    desired level of FOS (340 or 6800 mg FOS\/kg body weight\/day). Yacon   flour is a  natural product obtained by a simple process of dehydration   of yacon roots without  added preservatives or chemicals. The   administration of FOS-rich yacon flour to  diabetic rats for 90 days did   not significantly alter the body weight of  animals throughout the   experimental period. Interestingly, a significant  decrease in fasting   plasma triacylglycerol and very low-density lipoprotein  levels were   observed. In addition, the treatment was able to protect the  diabetic   rats of the postprandial peak of plasma triacylglycerol.    Yacon-supplemented rats showed an increased insulin-positive pancreatic   cell mass  distributed in small cell clusters within the exocrine   parenchyma, but can only  observe a slight increase in fasting plasma   insulin levels. Glucagon like  peptide-1 content in the cecum was   significantly higher in diabetic rats  treated with a diet supplemented   with yacon flour compared with untreated  diabetic animals, accompanied   by an important cecal tissue enlargement. All  these findings lead us to   suggest that this incretin could be an effective  mediator of the lipid   lowering effects of FOS present in yacon flour. In  conclusion, yacon   root flour is a natural product rich in FOS that could be  well   positioned as a nutraceutical product since the present results    demonstrate its beneficial effects on diabetes-associated hyperlipidemia.","palabras_clave":"Smallanthus sonchifolius|Yacon root flour|Fructooligossacharides|GLP-1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113843,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Iron and mechanisms of neurotoxicity","resumen":"The accumulation of transition metals (e.g. copper, zinc, iron) and the dysregulation of their metabolism are a hallmark in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. This review will be focused on the mechanism of neurotoxicity mediated by iron. This metal progressively accumulates in the brain both during normal aging and neurodegenerative processes. However, iron accumulation occurs without the concomitant increase in tissue ferritin, which may increase the risk of oxidative stress. High iron concentrations in the brain have been consistently observed in Alzheimer´s (AD) and Parkinson´s (PD) diseases. In this connection, metalloneurobiology has become extremely important in establishing the role of iron in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurons have developed several protective mechanisms against oxidative stress, among them, the activation of cellular signaling pathways. The final response will depend on the identity, intensity and persistence of the oxidative insult. The characterization of the mechanisms mediating the effects of iron-induced increase in neuronal dysfunction and death is central to understanding the pathology of a number of neurodegenerative disorders. Accumulating evidence points toward a potentially important link between abnormal or deregulated iron metabolism and, consequently, oxidative stress as one of the main contributors to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. ","palabras_clave":"FREE IRON|Alzheimer|Synaptic endings|neurodegeneration"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113844,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modulation of macrophage inflammatory profile in pregnant non obese diabetic (NOD) mice","resumen":"During normal early pregnancy circulating monocytes are recruited to the maternal-placental interface where they differentiate to macrophages expressing different functional phenotypes for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Pregnancy in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model presents some pathological features in the pre-diabetic stage. The aim of this work was to analyze the functional profile of peritoneal macrophages faced with inflammatory and phagocytic stimuli in early pregnant pre-diabetic NOD mice and their modulation by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Pregnant NOD mouse macrophages showed no basal NF&#954;B activation, lower IL-12 and nitrites production compared with the macrophages from non-pregnant NOD mice. Their pro-inflammatory aberrant response to LPS and apoptotic cell challenge was reduced and VIP inhibited macrophage residual deleterious responses to apoptotic cells. A functional phenotype switch in macrophages during pregnancy in NOD mice and a promoting effect of VIP towards this regulatory phenotype would be in line with the central role of macrophages in the maternal-placental dialogue.","palabras_clave":"PREGNANCY|NOD MICE|MACROPHAGE PHENOTYPES|VIP|PHAGOCYTOSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113845,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Superposicion de cuencas extensionales y contraccionales oligo-miocenas en el retroarco andino norpatagonico: la Cuenca de Alumine, Neuquen, Argentina","resumen":"Superimposition of oligo-miocene extensional and contractional basins in the northpatagonian Andean retroarc: The Aluminé Basin, Neuquén, Argentina. The Aluminé Basin is a volcano-sedimentary depocentre located in the Andean retroarc at 39°SL. It is the southern part of a major depositional system: the Bío Bio \u2013 Aluminé Basin. Stratigraphical, geochronological, sedimentological and structural analysis allow us to conclude that the basin evolved through two stages: an Oligocene extensional stage filled with basalts and reworked volcaniclastic and pyroclastic deposits (Rancahue Formation) and a Miocene contractional stage, filled with alluvial and pyroclastic deposits covered by basaltic lavas (Chimehuín and Tipilihuque Formations). The volcanic-rich (basaltic) infill of the extensional stage has a western provenance and was derived from widespread magmatic activity that took place during the Oligocene in the adjacent cordilleran axis. The contractional stage basin is an intramontane depocentre limited by uplifted blocks generated mainly by the inversion of Mesozoic extensional faults. It is strongly asymmetric and shows eastern provenance. Structural and geomorphological evidence indicate the existence of a non-depositional hiatus between the two stages.","palabras_clave":"RETROARCO ANDINO|CUENCAS|OLIGOCENO|MIOCENO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113846,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"TUBERCULOSIS EN TERNEROS RESULTADOS DE UN ESTUDIO PROSPECTIVO","resumen":"Un estudio prospectivo fue realizado en un rodeo lechero con tuberculosis  bovina (TB) endémica para investigar el riesgo atribuido a la alimentación  con leche cruda en terneros durante la crianza artificial. Posterior al parto,  los terneros tuvieron un período de calostrado de 24 h y fueron luego  separados en dos grupos con diferente alimentación. El grupo expuesto  consumió una mezcla de leche cruda procedente de las vacas del rodeo  general y el grupo no expuesto consumió sustituto lácteo, durante un  período de 2 a 90 días. Tres días previos a retirarlos de la crianza artificial,  todos los terneros fueron sometidos a la prueba de la tuberculina aplicada  en el pliegue ano-caudal (PAC) para detectar la exposición a M. bovis. La  incidencia de TB fue del 65% para el grupo expuesto y del 46% para el  grupo no expuesto. Los terneros que consumieron leche cruda tuvieron un  40% más de riesgo de ser expuestos a M. bovis que los terneros que  consumieron sustituto lácteo. Los estudios complementarios realizados en  terneros positivos a la PAC indican que las reacciones fueron causadas por  M. bovis. Sin embargo, el riesgo atribuible al consumo de leche cruda fue  del 19% lo cual indica que otros factores estarían involucrados en la  transmisión. Futuros estudios deberán investigar el rol de otros factores en  la epidemiología de la TB en rodeos lecheros endémicos.","palabras_clave":"TUBERCULOSIS BOVINA|TERNEROS|LECHE CRUDA|RIESGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113847,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"TcNDPK2, a Trypanosoma cruzi microtubule-associated nucleoside diphosphate kinase","resumen":"Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) are enzymes required to preserve the intracellular nucleoside phosphate equilibrium. Trypanosoma cruzi has four putative nucleoside diphosphate kinases with unidentified biological roles and subcellular localization. TcNDPK2 has an N-terminal domain (DM10) with unknown function, which defines a subgroup of NDPKs distributed in a wide variety of organisms. Digitonin extraction demonstrated that this isoform is distributed in detergent soluble and insoluble fractions. Fluorescence microscopy showed that TcNDPK2 alone or fused to GFP was localized in cytoskeleton and flagella. TcNDPK2 was also detected by Western blot in purified polymerized tubulin and flagellar samples. In parasites expressing DM10 fused with GFP, the fluorescence was localized in cytoskeleton and flagellum with an identical pattern to TcNDPK2. This constitutes the first report that could give insights on the role of DM10 domains in NDPKs and also the identification of the first T. cruzi peptide that contains a microtubule association domain.","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma cruzi|Nucleoside diphosphate kinase|DM10 domain|Microtubules|Cytoskeleton|Flagellum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113848,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Arginine kinase is present in Phytomonas, a trypanosomatid parasite of plants","resumen":"Phytomonas are trypanosomatid plant parasites closely related to parasites that cause several human diseases. Little is known about the biology of these organisms including aspects of their metabolism. Arginine kinase (E.C. 2.7.3.3) is a phosphotransferase which catalyzes the interconversion between the phosphagen phosphoarginine and ATP. This enzyme is present in some invertebrates and is a homolog of another widely distributed phosphosphagen kinase, creatine kinase. In this work, a single canonical arginine kinase isoform was detected in Phytomonas Jma by enzymatic activity assays, PCR, and Western Blot. This arginine kinase is very similar to the canonical isoforms found in T. cruzi and T. brucei, presenting about 70% of amino acid sequence identity and a very similar molecular weight (40kDa). The Phytomonas phosphagen system seems to be very similar to T. cruzi, which has only one isoform, or T. brucei (three isoforms); establishing a difference with other trypanosomatids, such as Leishmania, which completely lacks phosphagen kinases, probably by the presence of the arginine-consuming enzyme, arginase. Finally, phylogenetic analysis suggests that Kinetoplastids´ arginine kinase was acquired, during evolution, from the arthropod vectors by horizontal gene transfer.","palabras_clave":"PHOSPHAGEN|JATROPHA MACRANTHA|PHOSPHAGEN KINASES|TRYPANOSOMA|LEISHMANIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113849,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"TeV and Multi-wavelength Observations of Mrk 421 in 2006-2008","resumen":"We report on TeV gamma-ray observations of the blazar Mrk 421 (redshift of 0.031) with the VERITAS observatory and the Whipple 10m Cherenkov telescope. The excellent sensitivity of VERITAS allowed us to sample the TeV gamma-ray fluxes and energy spectra with unprecedented accuracy where Mrk 421 was detected in each of the pointings. A total of 47.3 hrs of VERITAS and 96 hrs of Whipple 10m data were acquired between January 2006 and June 2008. We present the results of a study of the TeV gamma-ray energy spectra as a function of time, and for different flux levels. On May 2nd and 3rd, 2008, bright TeV gamma-ray flares were detected with fluxes reaching the level of 10 Crab. The TeV gamma-ray data were complemented with radio, optical, and Xray observations, with flux variability found in all bands except for the radio waveband. The  combination of the RXTE and Swift X-ray data reveal spectral hardening with increasing flux levels, often correlated with an increase of the source activity in TeV gamma-rays. Contemporaneous spectral energy distributions were generated for 18 nights, each of which are reasonably described by a one-zone SSC model.","palabras_clave":"BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421)|Galaxies: jets|Galaxies: nuclei|Gamma rays: galaxies"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113850,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"REACCION DE MAILLARD EN FORMULAS INFANTILES DURANTE SU PROCESAMIENTO Y ALMACENAMIENTO","resumen":"Las formulas lácteas infantiles denominadas \u201Cde inicio\u201D reproducen la composición de la leche humana y están destinadas a cubrir las necesidades del recién nacido.Existen otras formulas infantiles con diferente composición destinadas a cubrir las necesidades en distintas fases del desarrollo del niño. En el proceso de elaboración de estos productos están involucradas etapas como pasterización, evaporación y secado por atomización, en las quese expone al alimento a altas temperaturas. Tanto en estas etapas como en el almacenamiento, las fórmulas son susceptibles de deterioro por reacción de Maillard, que disminuye la calidad proteica debido al bloqueo de aminoácidos esenciales como lisina y que afecta también al color porformación de compuestos pardos.El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la ocurrencia de la reacción de Maillard durante el procesamiento de formulas infantiles a través de la medición del contenido de lisina disponible. También comparar los valores obtenidos con los valores de sistemas modelo que contienen proteínas lácteas y lactosa en las mismas proporciones que se hallan en estos productos. Se evaluó además el desarrollo de la reacción en una formula de inicio y en un sistema modelo de composición similar durante el almacenamiento a 37°C y a una aw de 0,52, a través de la medición de color. El contenido de lisina disponible se determinó por el método espectrofotométricode 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenceno (FDNB) y el color fue analizado a través de los parámetros del espacio CIELAB L*, a* y b*, medidos por reflectancia en un sistema de visión computarizada, y la diferencia total de color (&#916;E*) y la saturación (S*ab). Los valores de lisina disponibleobtenidos para las fórmulas resultaron significativamente menores que los obtenidos en los sistemas modelo, lo que fue atribuido a las altas temperaturas alcanzadas durante los procesos de elaboración de las primeras. Al analizar la evolución del color durante el almacenamiento,se observó que la variación de los parámetros de color fue similar para la fórmula y el sistema modelo.","palabras_clave":"Reacción de Maillard|Color|Proteínas Lácteas|Fórmulas infantiles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113851,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Retorno a Brideshead, retorno a Waugh","resumen":"En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de Brideshead revisited, la más importante de las obras de Evelyn Waugh y considerada por muchos críticos como la novela más importante de la literatura inglesa del siglo XX. \tEn primer lugar, se describe un perfil biográfico del autor, destacando los aspectos más significativos y también más discutibles de su vida. Luego se reseña sucintamente la trama de Retorno a Brideshead. La parte central del trabajo es el análisis de cada uno de los personajes que intervienen en la novela, con la significación y el simbolismo que el autor ha querido imprimir en ellos.\tLas reflexiones se hilvanarán teniendo en cuenta fundamentalmente el carácter formativo que posee esta obra cumbre de Evelyn Waugh y las aplicaciones que de ella puede hacerse, de modo indirecto, en la educación de los jóvenes. \tLa exposición se ilustrará con fotografías de Evelyn Waugh y fragmentos de la miniserie Retorno a Brideshead.","palabras_clave":"Evelyn Waugh|Retorno a Brideshead"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113852,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Continuous flow method for the simultaneous determination of phosphate \/ arsenate based on their different kinetic characteristics","resumen":"This paper proposes a new automated spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of phosphate and arsenate without pre-treatment, which is faster, simpler, less expensive and hazardous than other well-known methods used with water samples. Such method is based on the different kinetic characteristics of complex formation of phosphate and arsenate with ammonium molybdate. A flow system was used in order to achieve good mixing and to provide precise time control. All the measurements were performed at the isosbestic point wavelength (885 nm). Chemical variables were optimized by factorial design (ammonium molybdate 0.015 mol L&#8722;1, potassium antimony tartrate 1×10&#8722;4 mol L&#8722;1, and sulphuric acid 0.7 mol L&#8722;1). An appropriate linear range for both analytes (0.50?8.00_mol L&#8722;1), good inter-day reproducibility (4.9% [P] and 3.3% [P + As]) and a sample throughput of 6 h&#8722;1 were obtained. The detection limits are 0.4_mol L&#8722;1 P and 0.19_mol L&#8722;1 [P + As] (3.3 Sy\/x). The method was validated","palabras_clave":"ARSENATE|PHOSPHATE|STOPPED-FLOW|SPECTROPHOTOMETRY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113853,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reproductive biology of Setaria magna Griseb. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae)","resumen":"The genus Setaria is economically important because many species are cultivated for grains or forage. Setaria magna is an American species, native to North America and introduced in South America. The morphological aspect of this species is similar to S. italica (foxtail millet), suggesting its potential value as a crop. The purpose of this work was to understand the breeding system (self-pollination vs. open pollination) of S. magna; additionally, the floral development was described. The results of the breeding system analysis indicated that S. magna is mainly autogamous and does not appear to have a self-incompatibility mechanism. The floral development observed was similar to that described for other Paniceae; in most of the spikelets only the upper anthecium developed fruit, but a small number of spikelets presented bisexual lower florets. These spikelets produced two caryopses per spikelet. Thus, S. magna can produced two types of dispersal units; a few whitish naked caryopses from the lower anthecium that fall without their lemma and palea at maturity; and a high number of brown caryopses protected by the lemma and palea from the upper anthecium. The presence of a normal embryo sac in the upper anthecium suggests that S. magna would present normal sexual reproduction,although we can not reject the formation of apomitic seeds in the lower anthecium.","palabras_clave":"SETARIA MAGNA|PANICEAE|BREEDING SYSYTEM|FLORAL DEVELOPMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113854,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":".  Chalepogenus roitmani Roig Alsina (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Tapinotaspidini): description of the male and new geographical records for the species","resumen":"vacío","palabras_clave":"TAPINOTASPIDINI|OIL-COLLECTING BEES|APIDAE|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113855,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interplay between Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara and dendritic cells: phenotypic and functional maturation of bystander dendritic cells","resumen":"Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is an attenuated poxvirus strain, currently under evaluation as avaccine vector in various clinical settings. It has been reported that human dendritic cells (DCs) mature afterinfection with MVA, but reports on the functionality of DCs have so far been controversial. In this work, westudied the phenotype and functionality of MVA-infected DCs. As previously reported, we found that humanmonocyte-derived DCs upregulated CD86 and HLA-DR in response to MVA infection. Moreover, infected DCsproduced a broad array of chemokines and cytokines and were able to activate and induce gamma interferon(IFN-) production both in CD4 and in CD8 allogeneic T cells and in specific autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Analysis of DC maturation following infection with a recombinant green fluorescentprotein (GFP)-expressing MVA revealed that upregulation of CD86 expression was mainly observed in GFPnegneg (bystander) cells. While GFPpos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), they were unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.pos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-lymphocytes (PBLs). Analysis of DC maturation following infection with a recombinant green fluorescentprotein (GFP)-expressing MVA revealed that upregulation of CD86 expression was mainly observed in GFPnegneg (bystander) cells. While GFPpos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), they were unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.pos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-lymphocytes (PBLs). Analysis of DC maturation following infection with a recombinant green fluorescentprotein (GFP)-expressing MVA revealed that upregulation of CD86 expression was mainly observed in GFPnegneg (bystander) cells. While GFPpos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), they were unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.pos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- ) production both in CD4 and in CD8 allogeneic T cells and in specific autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Analysis of DC maturation following infection with a recombinant green fluorescentprotein (GFP)-expressing MVA revealed that upregulation of CD86 expression was mainly observed in GFPnegneg (bystander) cells. While GFPpos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), they were unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.pos (infected) DCs produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), they were unable to produce CXCL10 and were less efficient at inducing IFN- production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs. production in CEF-specific autologous PBLs. Maturation of bystander DCs could be achieved by incubation with supernatant from infected culturesor with apoptotic infected cells. Type I IFNs were partially responsible for the induction of CXCL10 onbystander DCs. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that, in MVA-infected DC cultures, the leading rolewith respect to functionality and maturation characteristics is achieved by the bystander DCs.","palabras_clave":"MVA|dendritic cells|bystander activation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113856,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stable MPC for tracking with maximal domain of attraction","resumen":"In this work, a stable MPC that maximizes the domain of attraction of the closed-loop system is proposed. The proposed approach is suitable to real applications in the sense that it accountsfor the case of output tracking, it is offset free if the output target is reachable and minimizes theoffset if some of the constraints are active at steady state. The new approach is based on thedefinition of a Minkowski functional related to the input and terminal constraints of the stableinfinite horizon MPC. It is also shown that the domain of attraction is defined by the system model and the constraints, and it does not depend on the controller tuning parameters. The proposed controller is illustrated with small order examples of thecontrol literature.","palabras_clave":"MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL|DOMAIN OF ATTRACTION|MINKOWSKI FUNCTIONAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113857,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Application of IHMPC to an unstable reactor system: study of feasibility and performance","resumen":"Almost all the theoretical aspects of model predictive control (MPC), such as stability, recursive feasibilityand even the optimality are now well established for both, the nominal and the robust case. The stabilityand recursive feasibility are usually guaranteed by means of additional terminal constraints, while theoptimality is achieved considering closed-loop predictions. However, these significant improvementsare not always applicable to real processes. An interesting case is the control of open-loop unstablereactor systems. There, the traditional infinite horizon MPC (IHMPC), which constitutes the simpleststrategy ensuring stability, needs to include an additional terminal constraint to cancel the unstablemodes, producing in this way feasibility problems. The terminal constraint could be an equality or aninclusion constraint, depending on the local controller assumed for predictions. In both cases, however, aprohibitive length of the control horizon is necessary to produce a reasonable domain of attraction for realapplications. In this work, we study the application of an IHMPC formulation that has maximal domainof attraction (i.e., the domain of attraction is determined by the system and the constraints, and not bythe controller) to an unstable reactor system. It is shown that the method is suitable for real applicationsin the sense that it accounts for the case of output tracking and it is offset free if the output target isreachable, and minimizes the offset if some of the constraints become active at steady-state.","palabras_clave":"MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL|DOMAIN OF ATTRACTION|UNSTABLE REACTOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113858,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Wood productivity of Prosopis flexuosa D.C. woodlands in the central Monte: Influence of population structure and tree-growth habit","resumen":"A balance between forest production and protection is hard to achieve in arid zones due to their lowpotential for wood production. Prosopis flexuosa woodlands are the major woody formations in the  Monte desert and are currently in a degraded state due to intense use. The main degradation factors in  the study area are overgrazing and firewood extraction. We developed allometric models to estimate the  aerial biomass of P. flexuosa, compared annual growth rates of one- and multi-stemmed individuals  through dendrochronological methods, and estimated the productivity of four structurally different  woodlands in the central Monte. Total dry weight was best estimated by power equations. Annual  increments in basal area and dry weight were initially larger for multi- than one-stemmed individuals.  However, whereas multi-stemmed individuals rapidly decreased their growth rates after 60 years of age,  one-stemmed trees maintained steady growth rates during the first 100 years. Depending on woodland  density and tree size, total woodland biomass varied between 4000 and 15 000 kg ha1. Wood  productivity was similar in all four woodlands studied (121.6-173.7 kg ha1 year1). Our results reveal  the importance of tree growth habit to productivity, and suggest that regulated extraction of firewood  and poles from old multi-stemmed individuals could optimize wood productivity and contribute to the  sustainable use and conservation of these woodlands.","palabras_clave":"Prosopis|arid zone|woodlands|structure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113859,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reconstructing temporal patterns of snow avalanches at Lago del Desierto, southern Patagonian Andes","resumen":"Snow avalanches recurrently cause substantial damage to infrastructure and losses in human lives inmountainous environments around the world. Densely populated regions have suffered more intensely the destructive forces of avalanches; however, settlers of these regions have developed tools to mitigate avalanche risk, including avalanche hazard maps. To design detailed hazard maps, accurate information on avalanche runout and frequency is necessary. In areas where avalanches are mostly undocumented, like in the Andes, dendrochronological methods become a valuable tool for reconstructing spatio-temporal avalanche patterns. At Lago del Desierto (southern Patagonian Andes, Argentina), trees from nine avalanche tracks were sampled. Nothofagus pumilio, a winter deciduous broad-leaved tree, was sampled in all cases. Avalanche activity is recognized based on the presence of scars, changes in stem eccentricity, reaction wood and abrupt growth changes. A rating system was used to define the relative importance of each tree-ring indicator in thereconstructed chronology of events. According to this chronology, widespread avalanche activity on the slope was found for the years 1918, 1930, 1931, 1971, 1995 and 1998. Superposed Epoch Analysis indicated that total monthly precipitation during the three snowiest months from May to October of 1971, 1995 and 1998 (years for which climatic data exists for validation) was significantly greater than for years without large avalanche activity. In contrast, no significant correlations were found between monthly temperature variations and years with large avalanche activity on the slope. Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with years of major avalanche activity show features typically observed during the cold phase of the El Niño\u2013 Southern Oscillation cycle, i.e. La Niña. For those cases, results also show an increase in the westerlies across the South Pacific and southern South America, resulting in both higher precipitation and stronger winds over the study area that favor snow avalanche episodes. We point out the need of a more systematic sampling strategy in order to reconstruct spatial avalanche patterns in the southern Andes, which are a complement of temporal patterns to design hazard maps.","palabras_clave":"Snow avalanches|sourthern Patagonia|Dendrochronology|El Niño-Southern Oscillation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113860,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vegetation development on deglaciated rock outcrops from Glaciar Frías, Argentina","resumen":"The retreat of glaciers during past decades has led to the emergence of large rock outcrops in many glaciated areas around the world. Primary succession of vegetation in glacier forelands has been described for many regions, but most studies have been conducted on glacial deposits, whereas deglaciated rock outcrops have received little attention. This study assesses the pattern of primary succession on a chronosequence of five rock outcrops exposed during the past 140 years by the retreat of Glaciar Frías in the Patagonian Andes, Argentina. Data on floristic composition and species cover for algae, lichens, ferns, bryophytes, and vascular plants were recorded on sampling plots. Ordination and classification analyses discriminate three major successional stages, each dominated by a different species assemblage, suggesting directional replacement of species in the succession. The pioneer stage is dominated by the crustose lichen Placopsis perrugosa, the mid-successional stage by a lichen-moss mat dominated by the moss Racomitrium lanuginosum, and the late-successional stage by a large diversity of vascular plants. The low density of Nothofagus dombeyi saplings in the late-successional site indicates that plant succession is still in progress 140 years after deglaciation. Progress in succession appears to be influenced by species life-cycle traits and facilitative interactions among species. The comparison of the successional processes between rock outcrops and unconsolidated glacial deposits suggests that the vegetation sequence is similar, but the rate of succession is slower on rock outcrops. The development of a ground lichen-moss cover, previous to the widespread colonization by vascular plants, accounts for the slower succession progress on rock outcrops. The establishment of Nothofagus stands takes at least 100 yrs longer on the rock outcrops than on glacial deposits. Under predicted climate warming, most Patagonian Andes glaciers will continue the retreat along steep bedrock slopes, where similar, long-term vegetation successional patterns to those observed on Glaciar Frías foreland will eventually occur.","palabras_clave":"sucesion vegetal|Nothofagus|colonización de morenas|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113861,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Spatiotemporal pattern of primary succession in relation to meso-topographic gradients on recently deglaciated terrains in the Patagonian Andes","resumen":"Vegetation in primary succession is influenced by multiple stochastic andenvironmental factors at different spatial and temporal scales. In this study we analyze the effect of meso-topographic heterogeneity on vegetation development following the retreat of Glaciar Seco in the southern Patagonian Andes. Composition and cover of algae, lichens, mosses, and vascular plants were recorded in 580 plots located in different topographic positions within a chronosequence of eight consecutive moraines. Sample plots were characterized by topographical and surface features. Spatiotemporal patterns in vegetation composition and their relationships to environmental factors were assessed by classification and ordination. We recognized eight communities that correspond to four major successional stages. The successional sequence is characterized by a physiognomic development from pioneer saxicolous lichens (first stage) to secondary colonizer lichens (second stage),followed by shrub colonization (third stage) and the development of Nothofagus spp. forests (fourth stage). Alternative successional trajectories on different topographic positions vary in the sequence of these four major successional stages, with the trajectories on the moraine ridge-top and base not going through some of the stages.A variance partition procedure shows that time since deglaciation and topographic position on the moraines account for comparable amounts of vegetation variance, emphasizing the importance of spatiotemporal analysis of vegetation development on heterogeneous landscapes. Broad trends in vegetation development follow environmental gradients. However, emergence and persistence of vegetation patterns can also be attributed to dynamic geomorphic processes such as moraine slope degradation affecting boulder distribution along the moraine foreslope. At thelandscape scale, successional trajectories converge to a Nothofagus-dominated state, but significant variability remains in the understory due to the differential distribution of cryptogams along the moraine topographic gradient. Convergence is mostly related to the expansion of communities from more favorable sites towards the harsher moraine crest, but it is not a process of gradual deterministic changes along the different successional pathways.","palabras_clave":"Andes patagónicos|sucesión primaria|fluctuaciones de glaciares|patrones espaciales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113862,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Variations in Anarthrophyllum rigidum radial growth, NDVI and ecosystem productivity in the Patagonian shrubby steppes","resumen":"The lack of long-term records of productivity is a critical limitation to the study of ecosystem dynamics. Annual rings, a measure of growth in woody species, are a useful tool to document ecosystem dynamics. Time series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provide estimates of ecosystem productivity through satellitederived data on the fraction of photosynthetic active radiation absorbed by vegetation. In the Patagonian steppes, we relate changes in NDVI to interannual variations in the radial growth of the shrub Anarthrophyllum rigidum. A widely distributed network of 15 ring-width chronologies of A. rigidum was used to estimate changes in NDVI across the Patagonia steppe (35%\u201350%S). In most sites, interannual variations in shrub growth and NDVI are regulated by winter precipitation. The water accumulated in the soil during winter is used by A. rigidum during the growing season, concurrent with the maximum NDVI values. At 10 from the 15 selected sites, variations in the radial growth of A. rigidum explained between 23 and 62% of the total variance in seasonal NDVI, suggesting that the A. rigidum growth at some sites provides good estimates of productivity in the Patagonian shrubby steppes during the growing season. However, we were unable to determine clear relationships between radial growth and NDVI at high-elevation mountainous sites or where intensive grazing by sheep masked the effect of climate variability on shrub growth. We conclude that dendrochronological methods can complement other estimates to reconstruct variations of productivity, supplementing and extending the few short records available in the Patagonian steppe.","palabras_clave":"DENDROCHRONOLOGY|RADIAL GROWTH - NDVI RELATIONSHIPS|PATAGONIAN STEPPE PRODUCTIVITY|SHRUB RINGS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113863,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Xrcc1 Arg399Gln Polymorphism And Risk For Cervical Cancer Development In Argentine Women","resumen":"BACKGROUND:                     XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1)   plays a central role in the DNA base excision repair mechanism. Single   nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the XRCC1 gene are thought to   modulate DNA repair capacity and have been linked to cancer risk in   several studies.                    MATERIALS AND METHODS:                     We conducted a   case-control study comprising 217 cervical samples, including 103   cervical carcinomas and 114 normal tissue samples. Cervical samples were   genotyped for two XRCC1 SNPs (Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln) by PCR-RFLPs.                    RESULTS:                     Subjects   carrying heterozygous Arg399Gln or the combined Gln399Gln + Arg399Gln   variant genotypes had a significantly reduced risk for cervical cancer   development. In addition, the 194Arg-399Gln haplotype was also found to   be associated with a decreased risk for cervical carcinoma.                    CONCLUSION:                     Our   findings suggest that XRCC1 genotypes and haplotypes contribute in   reducing the risk for cervical cancer development. Furthermore, genetic   susceptibility conferred by Arg399Gln polymorphism operates   independently of human papillomavirus infection of cervical tissue.","palabras_clave":"CERVICAL CANCER|HPV|SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS|XRCC1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113864,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Desarrollo de reacciones de condensación aldólica sobre soporte de celulosa","resumen":"En este trabajo se desarrollan algunas reacciones sobre soporte sólido de celulosa para alumnos de Química Orgánica del segundo año de las carreras de Bioquímica, Farmacia, Lic. en Química y Lic. en Biotecnología. Las reacciones analizadas fueron la de Claisen-Schmidt entre ciclohexanona y benzaldehído en medio básico para la síntesis de 2,6-dibenciliden-ciclohexanona y la reacción aldólica de acetona con benzaldehído en medio básico para preparar la 4-fenil-4-hidroxi-butanona. Los productos se aíslan permitiendo su identificación porcromatografía en capa delgada, espectroscopía de RMN de protones y se comparan con los productos obtenidos por el método tradicional en solución. Esta metodología simple y eficiente que se experimentó en grupos de alumnos de segundo año de esta Facultad permite la integración de los temas aldehídos, cetonas y enolatos aprendidos anteriormente, en consonancia con espectroscopía IR y RMN-1 H en una dada transformación química.","palabras_clave":"GRUPO CARBONILO|CONDESACIÓN ALDÓLICA|SOPORTE SÓLIDO|CELULOSA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113865,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La influencia de la desigualdad intelectual en la interacción colaborativa de díadas de niños de ocho años","resumen":"La presente investigación propuso analizar la influencia de ladesigualdad intelectual sobre la interacción colaborativa de diadasde niños de ocho años en el marco de una tarea de construcciónde modelos con bloques. El diseño correspondió a un estudio decasos, ya que la muestra estuvo conformada por ocho díadas (dieciséisparticipantes). La interacción colaborativa fue examinada según sudimensión verbal (tipos de mensaje) y la modalidad social de ejecución dela tarea. Los datos se procesaron de manera cuantitativa y cualitativa. Losresultados mostraron que la homogeneidad-heterogeneidad intelectualentre los participantes influye principalmente sobre la participaciónverbal relativa a la resolución lógica de la tarea. Dicha influencia seobservó en menor medida con relación a otros tipos de mensajes y a lamodalidad de ejecución social de la tarea.","palabras_clave":"colaboración entre pares|desigualdad intelectual|tareas de construcción|desarrollo infantil"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113866,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El proceso colaborativo en niños de escolaridad inicial y primaria. Una revisión de trabajos empíricos","resumen":"Se presenta una síntesis actualizada (aproximadamente de los últimos diez años) de diferentes trabajos empíricos referidos a la colaboración entre pares en niños preescolares y de primaria. Para tal fin, se realizó una búsqueda de investigaciones referidas al tema en diferentes bases de datos que contienen artículos completos. Los resultados fueron organizados en dos grandes bloques, según las dos metodologías clásicas desde las que el tema se abordó. Por un lado, la influencia de la colaboración sobre el desarrollo cognitivo individual, dentro de la cual se precisó en las condicionesespecíficas en las cuales esto se produce; por el otro, la influencia de diversas variables sobre el proceso colaborativo en sí mismo.        (Publicación indexada  en REDALYC, CIRC C, LATINDEX, DOAJ, DIALNET).   ","palabras_clave":"COLABORACIÓN ENTRE PARES|APRENDIZAJE COLABORATIVO|INTERACCIÓN ENTRE PARES|INFANCIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113867,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A striking common O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyl moiety between cruzipain and myosin","resumen":"    Review    2    SUMMARY    Single units of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), usually components of nuclear and    cytoplasmatic proteins, are present at the C-Terminal domain of cruzipain (Cz), a lysosomal    major antigen from Trypanosoma cruzi. On the other hand, antibodies directed against some     self-antigens like myosin are associated with Chagas heart disease. The participation of OGlcNAc    moieties in the molecular antigenicity of Cz was determined using GlcNAc linked    to aprotinin by ELISA. The immune cross-reactivity between cruzipain and myosin is    mainly focused in the C-T domain. ELISA inhibition assays using rabbit sera specific for Cz    and C-T in conjunction with immunogold electronmicroscopy analysis of heart tissues from    mice immunized with C-T confronted with polyclonal rabbit sera specific for Cz and C-T    prior and after myosin adsorption, provided evidence which indicates that O-GlcNAc    moieties constitute a common epitope between cruzipain and either myosin or other cardiac    O-GlcNAc-containing proteins, showing a new insight into the molecular    immunopathogenesis of Chagas heart diease.      self-antigens like myosin are associated with Chagas heart disease. The participation of OGlcNAc    moieties in the molecular antigenicity of Cz was determined using GlcNAc linked    to aprotinin by ELISA. The immune cross-reactivity between cruzipain and myosin is    mainly focused in the C-T domain. ELISA inhibition assays using rabbit sera specific for Cz    and C-T in conjunction with immunogold electronmicroscopy analysis of heart tissues from    mice immunized with C-T confronted with polyclonal rabbit sera specific for Cz and C-T    prior and after myosin adsorption, provided evidence which indicates that O-GlcNAc    moieties constitute a common epitope between cruzipain and either myosin or other cardiac    O-GlcNAc-containing proteins, showing a new insight into the molecular    immunopathogenesis of Chagas heart diease.    Trypanosoma cruzi. On the other hand, antibodies directed against some     self-antigens like myosin are associated with Chagas heart disease. The participation of OGlcNAc    moieties in the molecular antigenicity of Cz was determined using GlcNAc linked    to aprotinin by ELISA. The immune cross-reactivity between cruzipain and myosin is    mainly focused in the C-T domain. ELISA inhibition assays using rabbit sera specific for Cz    and C-T in conjunction with immunogold electronmicroscopy analysis of heart tissues from    mice immunized with C-T confronted with polyclonal rabbit sera specific for Cz and C-T    prior and after myosin adsorption, provided evidence which indicates that O-GlcNAc    moieties constitute a common epitope between cruzipain and either myosin or other cardiac    O-GlcNAc-containing proteins, showing a new insight into the molecular    immunopathogenesis of Chagas heart diease.","palabras_clave":"Trypanosoma cruzi|Chagas disease|cruzipain|myosin|O-N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113868,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A coupling model for EGSB bioreactors: Hydrodynamics and anaerobic digestion processes","resumen":"The aim of this paper is to present a coupling model for calculating both the hydrodynamic and anaerobic digestion processes in expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) bioreactors for treating wastewaters.The bioreactor is modeled as a dynamic (gas?solid?liquid) three-phase system. An existing set of experimental data of three case studies based on the start-up and operational performance of EGSB reactors isused to adjust and validate the model. A novel parameter, the speci&#64257;c rate of granule rupture, is de&#64257;nedfor calculating the biomass transport phenomena. Values around 1 × 10&#8722;20dm d2g&#8722;1are calculated forthis parameter. Bioreactor performances were analyzed through the main variable pro&#64257;les such as pH,COD, VFA and VSS concentration. A good agreement was obtained among experimental and predictedvalues. It seems to indicate that the proposed EGSB model is able to reproduce the main biological andhydrodynamic successes in the bioreactor.","palabras_clave":"Dynamic modeling and simulation|Three-phase systems|EGSB reactors|Wastewater treatment"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113869,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inherited fungal symbionts enhance establishment of an invasive annual grass across successional habitats","resumen":"  &amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Font Definitions *\/   @font-face  \t{font-family:Georgia;  \tpanose-1:2 4 5 2 5 4 5 2 3 3;  \tmso-font-charset:0;  \tmso-generic-font-family:roman;  \tmso-font-pitch:variable;  \tmso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;}   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:10.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:ES-TRAD;  \tmso-fareast-language:EN-US;}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;gt;          &amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Font Definitions *\/   @font-face  \t{font-family:Georgia;  \tpanose-1:2 4 5 2 5 4 5 2 3 3;  \tmso-font-charset:0;  \tmso-generic-font-family:roman;  \tmso-font-pitch:variable;  \tmso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;}   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:10.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:ES-TRAD;  \tmso-fareast-language:EN-US;}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;gt;  Plants infected with vertically-transmitted fungal endophytes carry their microbial symbionts upon dispersal into new areas. Yet, whether seed-borne endophytes enhance the host plant\u2019s ability to overcome colonisation barriers and to regenerate within invaded sites remains poorly understood. We examined how symbiosis with asexual endophytic fungi (Neotyphodium) affected establishment and seed loss to predators in the invasive annual grass Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) across contrasting successional plots. Italian ryegrass seeds with high and low endophyte incidence were sown into three communities: a one-year old fallow field, a 15-year old grassland, and a 24-year old forest, which conformed to an old-field chronosequence in the eastern Inland Pampa, Argentina. We found that endophyte infection consistently increased host population recruitment and reproductive output. Endophyte presence also enhanced aerial biomass production of ryegrass in a low-recruitment year but not in a high-recruitment year, suggesting that symbiotic effects on growth performance would be density-dependent. Endophyte presence reduced seed removal by rodents, although differential predation may not account for the increased success of infected grass populations. Overall, there was no statistical evidence for an endophyte-by-site interaction, indicating that the fungal endosymbiont benefitted host establishment regardless of large differences in biotic and abiotic environment among communities. Our results imply that hereditary endophytes may increase the chances for host grass species to pass various ecological filters associated with invasion resistance across a broad range of successional habitats. &nbsp;&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"invasions|mutualism|succession|endophyte"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113870,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Environmental context of endophyte symbioses: interacting effects of water stress and insect herbivory","resumen":"Symbiotic associations between grasses and fungal endophytes are generally regarded as mutualistic, yet benefits to host plants vary with environmental context. Previous studies emphasized how endophytes influence plant responses to single stressors. In contrast, the outcome of endophyte-grass interactions under simultaneous biotic and abiotic stresses remains poorly explored. We hypothesized that benefits of endophyte symbiosis become most apparent in ´complex´ environments where hosts experience multiple stresses. We evaluated the performance of endophyte infected (E+) vs. uninfected (E\u2013) Lolium multiflorum plants in a factorial experiment with water supply (control vs. drought) and insect herbivory (with vs. without aphids). Endophyte infection delayed tiller production in well-watered plants, while water stress reduced tillering only in E\u2013 plants. Endophyte mediation of herbivory tolerance was contingent on water supply. Whereas aphids were detrimental to E+ plants in well-watered soils, herbivory interacted with drought stress in decreasing reproductive output of E\u2013 but not E+ plants. Moreover, endophytes decreased aphid colony growth in drought-stressed but not in control plants. Thus endophyte symbiosis enhanced plant tolerance to overlapping biotic and abiotic stresses, although infected plants failed to outgrowth their uninfected conspecifics. Our results support the view that mutualistic endophyte effects may not be apparent in low-stress environments. ","palabras_clave":"drough|grass-endophyte interaction|herbivore resistance|multiple stresses"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113871,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of Red Wine on Adipocytokine Expression and Vascular Alterations in Fructose-Fed Rats","resumen":"Background: Imbalance in adipocytokines secretion is related to the development of metabolic syndrome (MS). In addition, moderate consumption of red wine decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of moderate consumption of red wine (RW) or ethanol (E) on adiponectin and resistin expression, and vascular alterations in fructose-fed rats as an experimental model of MS. Methods: Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were assigned to control (C), F (10% fructose in drinking water), F+E (4.5 mL\/kg) and F+RW (35 mL\/kg of Malbec RW containing 4.5 mL\/kg E). E and RW were administered during the last 4 weeks of a 10-week period. Results: RW administration to F rats was able to significantly decrease insulin resistance, mesenteric adipose tissue weight and SBP compared to F group. F+E only reduced the SBP (p >0.05) vs. F). F+RW also reduced aortic NAD(P)H-oxidase activity, NAD(P)H subunits Nox4 expression in mesenteric tissue, plasma TBARS and recovered plasma total antioxidant activity (TAA) compared to F and F+E groups (p<0.05). Adiponectin expression decreased, whereas resistin, vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) expression and vascular remodeling in mesenteric arteries were higher in F than in C group (p<0.05). Only RW was able to partially reverse the aforementioned alterations. Conclusion: In this study, Malbec RW, but not alcohol alone, improved the balance of adipocytokines, attenuated the oxidative stress and vascular inflammation in a model of MS, suggesting that non-alcohol components of RW are responsible for the beneficial effects.","palabras_clave":"ADIPOCYTOKINES|BLOOD PRESSURE|HYPERTENSION|METABOLIC SYNDROME"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113872,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Garlic and onion attenuates vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats, an experimental model of metabolic syndrome","resumen":"This study evaluates the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory properties of garlic (G) and onion (O) in fructose-fed rats(FFR). Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were assigned to control (C), F (10% fructose in drinking water), F+T (tempol 1mMas control antioxidant), F+G, and F+O. Aqueous G and O extracts were administered orally in doses of 150 and 400 mg\/kg\/drespectively, and along with tempol, were given during the last 8 weeks of a 14-week period. At the end of the study, FFR haddeveloped insulin resistance, aortic NADPH oxidase activity, increased SBP, plasma TBARS and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) expression in mesenteric arteries, and a decrease in heart endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Garlic and onionadministration to F rats reduced oxidative stress, increased eNOS activity, and also attenuated VCAM-1 expression. These results provide new evidence showing the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of these vegetables.","palabras_clave":"GARLIC|ONION|METABOLIC SYNDROME|VASCULAR INFLAMMATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113873,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of limit strains for FCC and BCC sheet metal using polycrystal plasticity","resumen":"In this research, we analyze forming-limit strains of FCC and BCC materials using a viscoplastic self-consistent  polycrystal model (VPSC) in conjunction with the Marciniak\u2013Kuczynski (MK) approach. In particular,  our work is focused on the theoretical analysis and comparison between FCC and BCC crystal  structures made by Inal et al. [Inal, K., Neale, K.W., Aboutajeddine, A., 2005. Forming limit comparison  for FCC and BCC sheets, International Journal of Plasticity, 21, 1255\u20131266]. These authors performed their  simulations based on a generalized Taylor-type polycrystal model (MK-FC), finding a remarkably low  forming-limit curve for the FCC material and an extremely high forming-limit curve for the BCC material,  in the biaxial stretching range. We verified that our predictions are similar to Inal\u2019s results for both FCC  and BCC materials when the MK-FC model is used. However, MK-VPSC calculations do not give such  extreme values, and we believe that this theory predicts much more reliable results for both FCC and  BCC crystallographic assumptions. We also found that localized necking depends on texture evolution  in the vicinity of equi-biaxial stretching, through the sharpness of the predicted yield surface. Finally,  it is shown that the MK-VPSC\u2019s predictions are in good agreement with experimental data for AA5182-  O and a DQ-type steel-sheet metal.","palabras_clave":"Forming-limit diagrams|FCC and BCC materials|Polycrystalline plasticity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113874,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Peanut prim ing induced by biocontrol agents","resumen":"Selected strains of rhizobacteria induce systemic resistance in plant (ISR), enhancing the capacity tomobilize infection-induced cellular defense responses (priming). Bacillus sp. CHEP5 and Pseudomonas sp BREN6 strains reduced root and stem wilt disease severity caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Arachis hypogaeaBREN6 strains reduced root and stem wilt disease severity caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Arachis hypogaeaBacillus sp. CHEP5 and Pseudomonas sp BREN6 strains reduced root and stem wilt disease severity caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Arachis hypogaeaSclerotium rolfsii in Arachis hypogaea L. Strains inoculation increased the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase, afterpathogen-challenge, indicating priming. CHEP5 primes plants to produce more ethylene upon stimulationwith ACC. A. hypogaea L is an ISR-positive plant and BREN6 and CHEP5 strains enhance the plant\u2019s defense capacity by priming for potentiated activity of defense proteins and ACC-converting capacity.defense capacity by priming for potentiated activity of defense proteins and ACC-converting capacity.A. hypogaea L is an ISR-positive plant and BREN6 and CHEP5 strains enhance the plant\u2019s defense capacity by priming for potentiated activity of defense proteins and ACC-converting capacity.","palabras_clave":"ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L|PSEUDOMONAS SP|BACILLUS SP|ISR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113875,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multiplex PCR assay for the detection of five putative virulence genes encoded in verotoxigenic Escherichia coli  plasmids","resumen":"The aim was to perform a pentavalent PCRassay for the detection of putative virulence genes encodedin VTEC plasmids, katP, espP, subA, stcE, and ehxA. The&#64257;ve-speci&#64257;c primer pairs used in the assay do not interferewith each other and generate ampli&#64257;cation products of 914,774, 556, 399, and 262 bp. It was selected at random 39strains belonged to 20 serotypes in order to evaluate themultiplex in a wide variety of strains. The results of thisstudy indicate that it is possible to perform simultaneousampli&#64257;cation and search for recognized plasmid-encodedvirulence markers from different E. coli serotypes andapply this technique to the genetic characterization ofE. coli strains isolated from reservoirs, foods or patients.This complementary technique is a useful tool to detectinterstrain differences for epidemiological studies and toprovide information that could be related to the risk ofhuman infection.","palabras_clave":"VTEC|virulence genes|plasmide|PCR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113876,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Estimates of MM type for the multivariate linear model","resumen":"We propose a class of robust estimates for multivariate linear models. Based on the approach of MM estimation (Yohai 1987), we estimate the regression coefficients and the covariance matrix of the errors simultaneously. These estimates have both high breakdown point and high asymptotic efficiency under Gaussian errors. We prove consistency and asymptotic normality assuming errors with an elliptical distribution. We describe an iterative algorithm for the numerical calculation of these estimates. The advantages of the proposed estimates over their competitors are demonstrated through both simulated and real data.","palabras_clave":"ROBUST METHODS|MM-ESTIMATE|MULTIVARIATE LINEAR MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113877,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An Electroactive Versatile Matrix for the Construction of Sensors","resumen":"The strong interaction between a positively charged electroactive polyelectrolyte (polyallylamine derivatized with an osmium complex) with an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) produces a composite material soluble in organic solvents. The organic solution of this material can be applied on electrode surfaces (gold, graphite), generating a very stable modified electrode. The modified electrode presents a very efficient charge propagation through the film and it can be used in further modifications. As an example glucose oxidase is adsorbed; in presence of glucose, this electrode presents catalytic currents with similar values compared to others built by self-assembling operations.","palabras_clave":"REDOX POLYELECTROLYTE|SURFACTANT|MODIFIED ELECTRODE|MEDIATOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113878,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"BASES MOLECULARES DE LA INTERACCION CELULAR EN MODELOS DE REPRODUCCIÓN Y CÁNCER: IDENTIFICACION DE PROTEINAS Y MECANISMOS INVOLUCRADOS","resumen":"La interacción entre las células somáticas y entre las gametas involucra una serie de eventos moleculares que no han sido dilucidados totalmente. Nuestro grupo de investigación ha desarrollado proyectos dirigidos a profundizar el conocimiento de dichos eventos. Los estudios han comprendido el análisis de moduladores de la funcionalidad espermática (ej. efecto de la temperatura de incubación, las concentraciones del ión calcio, los anticuerpos antiespermáticos de fluidos biológicos en la motilidad, la capacitación y la exocitosis acrosomal). Asimismo, hemos caracterizado componentes del espermatozoide (ej. CaM Kinasa IV, proacrosina\/acrosina) y de secreciones del tracto femenino (ej. Grp78\/BiP), evaluado su rol en el desarrollo de capacidad fecundante y, en algunos casos, investigado su relación con la infertilidad. En años recientes, nuestros proyectos se han extendido al estudio de las cadherinas en eventos de adhesión celular durante la fecundación; hemos caracterizado la expresión de cadherina epitelial y neural en tejidos reproductivos y gametas y evaluado su participación en la fecundación. Dada su reconocida relevancia en el cáncer, hemos abordado estudios en diversos modelos tumorales. Nuestras investigaciones han contribuido a la comprensión de los eventos de interacción de las gametas durante la fecundación así como entre las células somáticas durante la progresión tumoral.","palabras_clave":"INTERACCIÓN CELULAR|FECUNDACIÓN |PROGRESIÓN TUMORAL|Grp78\/Bip|CADHERINAS CLASICAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113879,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Morphometry and chaetotaxy of the nymphs of Ectemnostega (Ectemnostegella) quechua (Bachmann 1961) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Corixidae)","resumen":"The egg and the five nymphal instars of Ectemnostega quechua are described and illustrated for the first time. The eggs of Ectemnostega have a short stalk, and the shape, size and chorionic structure differ among groups of species. The nymphal characters most useful in identifying instars I\u2013V of Ectemnostega are: body length; number of rostrum sulcations; number of setae on inner surface of protibiotarsus; spines and setae, and spines on posteroventral surface of mesofemur and mesotibia, respectively; setae on posterodorsal surface of mesotibia and mesotarsus; spines and setae on anteroventral surface and setae on posterior surface of metatibia; swimming hairs on anteroventral and posterodorsal surfaces of metatarsus; and the grade of development of wing pads. The nymphs of E. quechua can be easily distinguished fromother species of Ectemnostega by the number of spines and setae on the posteroventral surface of mesofemur. ","palabras_clave":"NEPOMORPHA|CORIXINAE|TAXONOMY|IMMATURE STAGES|NEOTROPICAL REGION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113880,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Description of the immature stages of Trichocorixa mendozana Jaczewski (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Corixidae)","resumen":"The egg and the instars I, IV, and V of Trichocorixa mendozana are described and illustrated for the first time. The eggs of Trichocorixa have a very short basal stalk; those of T. mendozana are bigger than those of T. kanza and T. sexcincta. The main characters separating the instars I, IV, and V of T. mendozana are: the head width; the number of transverse sulcations of the rostrum; the number of spines on the anterior surface of the metafemur; and the grade of development of the wing pads. The nymphs of T. mendozana and T. verticalis sellaris can be separated on the basis of the head (instar V) and body (instars I, IV\u2013V) widths. In nymphs V of T. mendozana, T. orinocoensis, T. reticulata reticulata, T. verticalis sellaris, and T. verticalis verticalis, the following measurements and ratios distinguish species or group of species of Trichocorixa: the body length; the ocular index; the ratio between the body length and the head width; the ratio between the distance and the diameter of the apertures of the second and third scent glands; and the number of spines on the anterior surface of metafemur. ","palabras_clave":"NEPOMORPHA|NEOTROPICAL REGION |IMMATURE STAGES|TAXONOMY|SALINE WATERS |AQUARIUM REARING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113881,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The immature stages of the genus Trepobates Uhler (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae), with an identification key to instars and the description of the nymphs of T. taylori (Kirkaldy)","resumen":"The egg and five instars of Trepobates are described based on examined material of T. taylori and published information of T. inermis, T. knighti, T. panamensis, T. pictus, T. subnitidus and T. trepidus. The characters most useful in identifying nymphs I-V of Trepobates are: the width of the head; the lengths of the antennae, femora 1-3, tibiae 2-3 and tarsus 2-3; the Y-shaped ecdysial line of the head; the colour patterns of the pro- and mesonotoum; and the urosternites VIII and IX. A key to the five nymphal instars of Trepobates is provided. The five instars of T. taylori are described and illustrated for the first time, with emphasis on the morphometry and colour pattern of selected structures, and chaetotaxy of the antennae; the egg is figured and redescribed. The characters useful in identifying nymphs I-V of this species are: the colour pattern of the head; the chaetotaxy of the antennal segment I; the lengths of the antennal segment III and mesonotum; and the width of the pronotum. Differences between sexes in nymphs IV and V are presented. ","palabras_clave":"GERROMORPHA|TREPOBATINAE|AMERICA|IMMATURE STAGES|TAXONOMY|KEY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113882,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nitric Oxide-Sensitive Guanylyl Cyclase Is Differentially Regulated by Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Estrogen Pathways in Anterior Pituitary Gland","resumen":"  Abstract  17b-estradiol (E2) regulates hormonal release as well as proliferation and cell death in the pituitary. The main nitric oxide receptor, nitric oxide sensitive- or soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is a heterodimer composed of two subunits, a and b, that catalyses cGMP formation. a1b1 is the most abundant and widely expressed heterodimer, showing the greater activity. Previously we have shown that E2 decreased sGC activity but exerts opposite effects on sGC subunits increasing a1 and decreasing b1 mRNA and protein levels. In the present work we investigate the mechanisms by which E2 differentially regulates sGC subunits? expression on rat anterior pituitary gland. Experiments were performed on primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from adult female Wistar rats at random stages of estrous cycle. After 6 h of E2 treatment, a1 mRNA and protein expression is increased while b1 levels are down-regulated. E2 effects on sGC expression are partially dependent on de novo transcription while de novo translation is fully required. E2 treatment decreased HuR mRNA stabilization factor and increased AUF1 p37 mRNA destabilization factor. E2-elicited b1 mRNA decrease correlates with a mRNA destabilization environment in the anterior pituitary gland. On the other hand, after 6 h of treatment, E2-BSA (1 nM) and E2-dendrimer conjugate (EDC, 1 nM) were unable to modify a1 or b1 mRNA levels, showing that nuclear receptor is involved in E2 actions. However, at earlier times (3 h), 1 nM EDC causes a transient decrease of a1 in a PI3k-dependent fashion. Our results show for the first time that E2 is able to exert opposite actions in the anterior pituitary gland, depending on the activation of classical or non-classical pathways. Thus, E2 can also modify sGC expression through membraneinitiated signals bringing to light a new point of regulation in NO\/sGC pathway.17b-estradiol (E2) regulates hormonal release as well as proliferation and cell death in the pituitary. The main nitric oxide receptor, nitric oxide sensitive- or soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is a heterodimer composed of two subunits, a and b, that catalyses cGMP formation. a1b1 is the most abundant and widely expressed heterodimer, showing the greater activity. Previously we have shown that E2 decreased sGC activity but exerts opposite effects on sGC subunits increasing a1 and decreasing b1 mRNA and protein levels. In the present work we investigate the mechanisms by which E2 differentially regulates sGC subunits? expression on rat anterior pituitary gland. Experiments were performed on primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from adult female Wistar rats at random stages of estrous cycle. After 6 h of E2 treatment, a1 mRNA and protein expression is increased while b1 levels are down-regulated. E2 effects on sGC expression are partially dependent on de novo transcription while de novo translation is fully required. E2 treatment decreased HuR mRNA stabilization factor and increased AUF1 p37 mRNA destabilization factor. E2-elicited b1 mRNA decrease correlates with a mRNA destabilization environment in the anterior pituitary gland. On the other hand, after 6 h of treatment, E2-BSA (1 nM) and E2-dendrimer conjugate (EDC, 1 nM) were unable to modify a1 or b1 mRNA levels, showing that nuclear receptor is involved in E2 actions. However, at earlier times (3 h), 1 nM EDC causes a transient decrease of a1 in a PI3k-dependent fashion. Our results show for the first time that E2 is able to exert opposite actions in the anterior pituitary gland, depending on the activation of classical or non-classical pathways. Thus, E2 can also modify sGC expression through membraneinitiated signals bringing to light a new point of regulation in NO\/sGC pathway.b-estradiol (E2) regulates hormonal release as well as proliferation and cell death in the pituitary. The main nitric oxide receptor, nitric oxide sensitive- or soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is a heterodimer composed of two subunits, a and b, that catalyses cGMP formation. a1b1 is the most abundant and widely expressed heterodimer, showing the greater activity. Previously we have shown that E2 decreased sGC activity but exerts opposite effects on sGC subunits increasing a1 and decreasing b1 mRNA and protein levels. In the present work we investigate the mechanisms by which E2 differentially regulates sGC subunits? expression on rat anterior pituitary gland. Experiments were performed on primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from adult female Wistar rats at random stages of estrous cycle. After 6 h of E2 treatment, a1 mRNA and protein expression is increased while b1 levels are down-regulated. E2 effects on sGC expression are partially dependent on de novo transcription while de novo translation is fully required. E2 treatment decreased HuR mRNA stabilization factor and increased AUF1 p37 mRNA destabilization factor. E2-elicited b1 mRNA decrease correlates with a mRNA destabilization environment in the anterior pituitary gland. On the other hand, after 6 h of treatment, E2-BSA (1 nM) and E2-dendrimer conjugate (EDC, 1 nM) were unable to modify a1 or b1 mRNA levels, showing that nuclear receptor is involved in E2 actions. However, at earlier times (3 h), 1 nM EDC causes a transient decrease of a1 in a PI3k-dependent fashion. Our results show for the first time that E2 is able to exert opposite actions in the anterior pituitary gland, depending on the activation of classical or non-classical pathways. Thus, E2 can also modify sGC expression through membraneinitiated signals bringing to light a new point of regulation in NO\/sGC pathway.","palabras_clave":"no requeridas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113883,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Magnetic fabric and microstructures across the Andes of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina","resumen":"Se presentan los resultados de una transecta de Anisotropía de Susceptibilidad Magnética (ASM) realizada en los Andes Fueguinos, Argentina. Se midieron 240 muestras orientadas provenientes de 27 sitios de muestreo distribuidos entre Paso Garibaldi, al norte y el Canal Beagle al sur. El muestreo se focalizó esencialmente en la Formación Lemaire del Jurásico Superior, con un único sitio en la Formación Yahgán del Cretácico inferior. Las litologías estudiadas incluyen basaltos, andesitas y rocas volcanoclásticas y sedimentarias afectadas por metamorfismo de bajo grado. Las mediciones de fábrica magnética se complementaron con el estudio microscópico de muestras representativas con el propósito de caracterizar las microestructuras y las asociaciones metamórficas. La fábrica magnética está dominada por formas obladas y presenta una gran variación en el grado de anisotropía (1,04-2). Los mayores valores de anisotropía están asociados a la presencia de pirrotina secundaria, identificada por medio de ensayos magnéticos. La foliación magnética muestra muy buena correspondencia con el clivaje medido en campo, confirmando el origen tectónico de la fábrica magnética. Los modelos de distribución de los ejes de ASM permitieron distinguir tres dominios geográficos. El dominio septentrional, entre Paso Garibaldi y Valle Carbajal, presenta lineaciones magnéticas (k1) de orientación N-S a NE-SW con buzamiento moderado hacia el S-SW, coincidente con determinaciones previas de lineaciones minerales asociadas con la deformación andina. Este diseño de fábrica magnética se vincula a la fase de deformación principal responsable del desarrollo del clivaje pizarreño y de la faja plegada y corrida Fueguina en el Cretácico Tardío. Un segundo dominio corresponde al Valle Carbajal, caracterizado por foliaciones magnéticas E-W, subverticales y lineaciones magnéticas E-W (a ESE-WNW) subhorizontales que se interpretan como vinculados a regímenes localizados de transcurrencia. La fábrica magnética en el tercer dominio, en la zona del Canal Beagle, presenta un carácter más heterogéneo con foliaciones de orientación tanto E-W como N-S; la presencia de una población de lineaciones magnéticas subhorizontales de rumbo E-W sugiere la existencia de un componente de rumbo significativo.","palabras_clave":"ASM|MICROESTRUCTURAS|TECTÓNICA ANDINA,|TIERRA DEL FUEGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113884,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bathymetric map of Lago Fagnano (Tierra del Fuego Island)","resumen":"We present a general bathymetric map of Lago Fagnano, the largest ice-free lake of  the Southern Hemisphere, located in the central part of the Tierra del Fuego Island.  The map has been obtained compiling all the available bathymetric soundings and  depth-converted high-resolution seismic profiles, collected in the course of several  geophysical campaigns. The lake occupies a 110-km long, E-W trending tectonic  depression within the southernmost tip of the Andean Cordillera, where the South  America-Scotia plate boundary traverses the Tierra del Fuego Island. The map  allows us to identify the main morpho-bathymetric features of Lago Fagnano. The  lake floor is divided into two principal sectors of different water depths, separated  by a main shoal located in the central part of the lake. Maximum water depth (206  m) is found in the eastern part, whereas water depths in the western half do not  exceed 165 m. In this paper, we describe the geometry and the general  morphological characteristics of the basin, which was generated by a combination  of distinct tectonic processes, and later superposed by Late Quaternary glacial and  glacio-lacustrine dynamic events.","palabras_clave":"LAGO FAGNANO|HIGH-RESOLUTION SEISMIC PROFILES|BATHYMETRIC MAP|TIERRA DEL FUEGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113885,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dispersal of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes by Ctenomys cf. knighti (Rodentia) in the northern Monte Desert of Argentina","resumen":"In arid and semi-arid environments, root-associated fungi may play a key role in plant communities (e.g.,  seedling establishment, nutrient acquisition, plant survival and heat tolerance). Several studies have  shown the importance of small mammals as consumers and dispersal agents of mycorrhizal fungi spores  in tropical and temperate ecosystems. However, little is known about the dispersal of infective propagules  of endophytic fungi in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. This study analyzed the potential role of the  subterranean rodent Ctenomys cf. knighti as a dispersal agent of root-associated fungi. In order to  demonstrate this role, we analyzed: (1) the incidence of colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizae and dark  septate endophytes on representative plant species of the Monte Desert; (2) the presence of fungal  structures of arbuscular mycorrhizae and dark septate endophytes in C. cf. knighti fecal samples; and (3)  the infectivity of the fungal propagules contained in the scat and their growth effects on nine native plant  species. Data strongly suggest that this South American subterranean rodent may play a key role as  a dispersal agent of arbuscular mycorrhizae and dark septate endophytes fungi in the arid environment  of the northern Monte Desert of Argentina.","palabras_clave":"ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE|DARK SEPTATE ENDOPHYTES|MONTE DESERT|DISPERSAL|SCAT|RODENTS|CTENOMYS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113886,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pogonomyrmex cunicularius as the keystone disperser of elaiosome-bearing Jatropha excisa seeds in semi-arid Argentina","resumen":"Myrmecochory or seed dispersal by ants is often described as a diffuse mutualism, because many of the ant species that function as partners are considered to be similar in terms of the frequency and consequences of their interactions. In this work, we test this assumption by conducting ant community surveys and seed removal experiments in six study sites located within a semi-arid region of northwest Argentina. At each site, we characterized the ant assemblage that interacted with the seeds of Jatropha excisa Griseb. (Euphorbiaceae), an ant-dispersed native shrub. Our results demonstrate that seed removal was dominated by one species, Pogonomyrmex cunicularius Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), which was responsible of 84% of the observed seed removal events.Although several ant species were attracted to the elaiosome-bearing seeds of J. excisa, seed removal did not depend on ant community composition (species richness and ant activity) but was significantly influenced by the abundance of P. cunicularius. Its physical, behavioral, and ecological attributes are common with other ant species that have been characterized as keystone seed dispersers in other regions of the world. Nest feeding with marked seeds revealed that once P. cunicularius ants consume the elaiosomes, seeds are left inside the nests undamaged and at an appropriate depth for emergence. Our results support the hypothesis that myrmecochory is often an unevenly diffuse mutualism (i.e., one partner species is particularly important) and that at a local scale P. cunicularius is the keystone seed disperser of J. excisa.","palabras_clave":"DIFFUSE MUTUALISM|EUPHORBIACEAE|FORMICIDAE|HYMENOPTERA|KEYSTONE SPECIES|MYRMECOCHORY|MYRMICINAE|SEED DISPERSAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113887,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Impacto del nivel de producción, estación de parto y el tipo de servicio sobre la tasa de preñez acumulada a 100 días en vacas lecheras en la Argentina","resumen":"El propósito de este estudio fue estimar, a través de una regresión logística múltiple, la contribución relativa de factores que afectan la probabilidad de preñez a los 100 días en lactancia en rodeos lecheros argentinos. Los factores analizados fueron: nivel productivo, estación de parto, número de lactancia, tipo de servicio utilizado inseminación artificial (IA), natural o combinación de ambas y la interacción del nivel productivo y el tipo de servicio. Los 291 tambos (162.116 lactancias) son usuarios del software Dairy Comp305, del cual se obtiene la producción estimada que se espera alcance la vaca adulta (305 equivalente maduro). Todos los factores resultaron estadísticamente  significativos. Las vacas con bajo nivel productivo tuvieron mayores chances de preñarse que vacas con niveles productivos mayores. Las vacas con parición en estaciones más frías tuvieron mayores chances de preñarse a los 100 días. La relación resultó cuadrática entre la probabilidad de preñarse a los 100 días y el número de lactancia. Los bovinos que recibieron servicio natural presentaron mayor tasa de preñez acumulada; sin embargo, la IA estuvo asociada a niveles productivos mayores. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de diseños alternativos y evaluación del manejo reproductivo según niveles productivos específicos, como Herramienta para incrementar la eficiencia reproductiva global.","palabras_clave":"CONTROLES LECHEROS|305EM|INDICADORES REPRODUCTIVOS|INSEMINACIÓN ARTIFICIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113888,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Caracterización inmunohistoquimica de la función renal en un riñón transplantado en paciente portador de síndrome urémico hemolítico atípico por deficit de factor H","resumen":"The hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by microangiopathic   hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. It is   classified in typical, positive diarrhea, induced by Escherichia coli   0157-H7 (90%) and atypical, most commonly secondary to the deregulation   of the alternative pathway of complement (3-10%). The chromosomal region   1q32 contains the regulatory system of the activation of human   complement (RCA). It is related to mutations in regulatory factors of C3   as factor H (FH, the most common), the factor I, factor B and the   constitutive membrane protein (MCP). It presents both dominant and   recessive autosomic inheritance patterns. The autosomic dominant   alteration of FH usually occurs in adults and mortality and the risk end   stage kidney disease ranges between 50% - 90%.  The aim of our work was to study tubular and glomerular function by   Immunohistochemistry techniques to detect transport mechanisms for water   (AQPs), urea (UT-A) and proteins (nephrin, podocalyxin and megalin) in a   transplanted kidney in a patient carrier of HUS by alterations in FH   that developed a recurrence of HUS and nephrotoxicity injuries. We   detect an adaptation mechanism to uremia by de novo expression of UT-A2   in renal cortex and the decrease of the UT-A1 in medulla and alterations   in the proximal water transport by the decrease in the expression of   AQP1 in proximal tubule. The changes at the level of the expression of   the podocytic nephrin and podocalyxin and megalin in the proximal tubule   may explain the presence of proteinuria.","palabras_clave":"SUH atipico|Factor H|Transportadores de Urea|Acuaporinas|Nefrina|Podocalixina|Megalina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113889,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Muscular hypertrophy and growth promoting effects in juvenile pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis) after oral administration of recombinant homologous growth hormone obtained by a highly efficient refolding process","resumen":"Growth hormone (GH) can be orally administrated to fish in order to increase growth rates. Fish growth is characterized by the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of muscle fibre throughout adult life. In this regard, GH could affect directly and indirectly (by growth and metabolic factors) the development and growth of muscle fibres. Recombinant pejerrey GH (r-pjGH) was expressed in Escherichia coli and refolded in a highly efficient batch dilution system, obtaining 0.1 g\/l of hormone without protein precipitation during the refolding procedure. Orally administered hormone to pejerrey produced a 30 % increase in mean weight and stimulated liver IGF-I mRNA expression after one month of treatment. Histological analyses showed that muscle growth was generated mainly by hypertrophy of the fibres. A higher r-pjGH dose increased muscle fibre hypertrophy but somatic growth was negatively affected probably due to a reduced capacity of generating new fibres.","palabras_clave":"pejerrey|growth hormone refolding|IGF-I|muscle hypertrophy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113890,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The effect of rearing temperature in larval development of pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis - Morphological indicators of development","resumen":"It is well known that in pejerrey water temperature not only affects growth rates but also directs the sexual differentiation process. This fact rise the question of how different the development of pejerrey larvae of the same age is when reared at different temperatures. A description of developmental stages for the embryonic and larval periods of the pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, and the influence of rearing  temperature on larval development are presented. Then, larval development was studied at three rearing temperatures, and changes in general morphology, fin morphology, and caudal fin structure have been taken into consideration within the thermal range involved in the temperature sex determination of this species. Fin fold reabsorption, caudal fin formation, and body shape were selected to follow the events leading tothe acquisition of the juvenile morphology. The juvenile phenotype was  defined when the fin fold was reabsorpted and the caudal fin acquired its definitive homocercal structure. The moment at which the juvenile phenotype was achieved was evaluated in relation to larval age, size and, shape. The size resulted as the best indicator of development in pejerrey.","palabras_clave":"Odontesthes bonariensis|development|temperature|larvae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113891,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of sexually dimorphic expression of genes at early gonadogenesis of pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis using a heterologous microarray","resumen":"The process of morphological development of a differentiated gonad from an undifferentiated primordium is a very important step of gonadogenesis. Studies on sexually dimorphic gene expression are important to increase our understanding of this process and to investigate how environmental factors such as temperature can regulate gonadal development. The aim of this study was to identify putative genes involved in sex differentiation in pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis) reared at male- and female-producing temperatures (MPT and FPT, respectively) using a microarray heterologous from the medaka (Oryzias latipes) , a closely phylogenetic species. Genes related to numerous processes presented higher expression at MPT, including those involved in muscular contraction, metabolic pathways, developmental processes, and reproduction. Genes induced by FPT were classified under  the gene ontology terms of response to stimulus, transport and proteolysis. From genes selected for validation, at MPT ndrg3 expression was observed in the somatic cells, whereas pen-2 was detected in germ cells in the caudal portion of the gonads, where no apoptotic signals were observed. Finally, hsp90 was highly expressed in somatic cells of the gonads at the FPT. The results suggest that the interplay of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes is important during the masculinization process and for the prevention of sterility following  exposure to warm temperatures.","palabras_clave":"Sex differentiation|Temperature Sex Determination|Microarray|Pejerrey"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113892,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Physiological response of wild guanacos to capture for live shearing","resumen":"Context: The use of wild guanacos (Lama guanicoe) through live capture and shearing may contribute to their conservation by providing an economic alternative to rural inhabitants. However, none of the biological impacts of this activity, including the physiological ones, have been addressed.    Aims: The aim of this work was to characterise the acute response of guanacos to stress after capture and shearing in terms of serum cortisol levels, heart rate, and body temperature.    Methods: The study was performed during 2006 and 2007 in La Payunia Reserve in western Argentina. In order to determine serum cortisol concentration, 128 blood samples were obtained and the unextracted sera were analysed by radioimmunoanalyses (RIA). Sex, age category, heart rate, body temperature and total restraint time (TRT) were also registered for each animal captured.    Key results: Serum cortisol levels were higher in guanacos captured and sheared during 2007 than in 2006, and male cortisol levels were consistently lower than female levels. No significant differences were observed in cortisol levels of the different age categories. A positive correlation was observed between TRT and serum cortisol concentration. The analyses of cortisol levels in relation to TRT showed differences between males and females. With handling periods longer than 80 minutes, females showed a delayed stabilisation in cortisol response when compared with males. Heart rate and body temperature showed no differences between year, sex or age categories.    Conclusions: The present results show that the stress response to capture and shearing in wild guanacos increased significantly with handling time. We recommend avoiding capture of large numbers of animals and keeping roundup duration short to reduce TRT.    Implications: This work provides new information that can improve guanaco welfare during handling and shearing and may have implications for the conservation of the species.","palabras_clave":"animal welfare|body temperature|cortisol|heart rate|South American camelids, |sustainable use|lama Guanicoe"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113893,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". The extinction of Equidae and Proboscidea in South America. A test using Carbon isotope data.","resumen":"Los isótopos del carbono preservados en 166 muestras de dientes y huesos fósiles son un dato clave para entender la ecología de los de caballos y gonfoterios durante el Plio-Pleistoceno en América del Sur. Para analizar los cambios en las reconstrucciones de la dieta durante este lapso temporal hemos dividido las muestras en 19 grupos, teniendo en cuenta la sistemática y la cronología de cada localidad. En este estudio, las dietas de ambos grupos son evaluadas para probar las hipótesis sobre su extinción. El alto fraccionamiento en el uso de los recursos entre los herbívoros que asume la hipótesis del desequilibrio co-evolutivo es sustentada por los datos isotópicos de los caballos del Pleistoceno tardío. Hippidion y Equus tenían una dieta muy diferente. En contraste, las especies de gonfoterios de finales del Pleistoceno parecen tener una dieta menos especializada con una combinación de plantas C3 y C4, que está en consonancia con los supuestos de la hipótesis del mosaico de nutrientes, pero no admite los supuestos de la hipótesis de desequilibrio Co-evolutivo.","palabras_clave":"ISOTOPOS|GONFOTERIDOS|EQUIDOS|EXTINCIONES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113894,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Response of soil microbial communities to different management practices in surface soils of a soybean agroecosystem in Argentina","resumen":"                Argentina is the world´s third most important soybean producer;  hence, there is an urgent need to preserve soil health by applying appropriate agricultural  practices to maintain sustainable production in the upcoming years. Because productivity  of agricultural systems largely depends on soil microbial processes, the  influence of different management strategies on soil microbial community  structure was analyzed in a long-term field trial started in 1992. The  experimental design was a split-plot arrangement of treatments, consisting in two  tillage treatments: zero tillage (ZT) and reduced tillage (RT), in combination  with two crop rotation treatments: soybean monoculture (SS) and corn-soybean  (CS). Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles were used to assess total microbial  community structure. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)  profiles of 18S rRNA were generated to  describe the influence of crop practices on fungal communities. Total PLFA  content was lowest in soil under reduced tillage and soybean monoculture;  therefore the use of reduced tillage-soybean monoculture in agroecosystems might  produce important reductions in total microbial biomass. The structure of total  microbial communities, as estimated by PLFA, was affected by crop rotation. Moreover,  the fungal communities, as estimated by DGGE analysis, were influenced by  combined effects of crop rotation and tillage system. ","palabras_clave":"PLFA|DGGE|Microorganisms|Soil health|Sustainability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113895,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"WHICH INDEX IS THE BEST TO ASSESS STREAM HEALTH?","resumen":"Biotic indices are widely used in monitoring the health status of various ecosystems. The choice of the best index is generally done qualitatively depending on a variety of aspects including cost and time. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) methodology constitutes a valuable tool to compare objectively the diagnostic capabilities of different tests in addition to obtain decision thresholds. In this manuscript, ROC methodology is described and implemented for the first time in the context of stream bioassessment through benthic macroinvertebrates. Cut-off values that distinguish impaired from healthy sites are suggested. A new index called IBY-4 is also developed. IBY-4 accounts for the occurrence of Megaloptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Elmidae in a target site and may achieve the best general performance in the study region concerning to Andean Tropical streams.","palabras_clave":"ROC METHODOLOGY|BIOTIC INDEX|BMWP|EPT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113896,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surface pinning in ferromagnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy","resumen":"We have studied the ferromagnetic resonance response in a series of atomically disordered FePt thin films as a function of film thickness (9\u2013200 nm) and excitation frequency (9.5 and 24 GHz). These films are characterized by a perpendicular anisotropy that promotes a stripelike magnetic domain structure above a critical thickness dcr~30 nm. All films display a resonant absorption due to the uniform precession of the magnetization vector. The analysis of the linewidth as a function of film thickness shows that the line broadens considerably above dcr. In the thinner films (d<28 nm) we have only observed the absorption related to the uniform precession mode, but thicker films, in which a stripe domain pattern is observed at zero field in static magnetic measurements, show an additional resonance line when the magnetic field is applied at, or very close to, the film plane normal. This line appears at fields below the main resonance and is observed at both X and K bands with approximately the same field separation from the uniform mode. We have also found that the line separation between the two resonances varies with the film thickness, indicating that the appearance of an additional resonance is related to confinement effects, but does not follow the quadratic law expected for infinite surface pinning. The ferromagnetic resonance results have been interpreted within a model of standing spin waves with finite surface pinning. From the angular variation of the pinning parameter close to the film normal we have found that the surface anisotropy is perpendicular to the film plane and increases with film thickness. The origin of the surface anisotropy seems to be related to a substrate-induced strain produced in the fabrication process and to a surface layer with a reduced magnetization. Annealing the samples at relatively low temperatures produces important changes in the resonance spectra. The overall observed behavior suggests that even though the resonance experiments are made at fields large enough to be in a magnetically saturated state, the formation of a stripe structure and the changes observed in the ferromagnetic resonance spectra above dcr are not completely uncorrelated phenomena.","palabras_clave":"FEPT-ALLOY|THIN FILMS|FERROMAGNETIC RESONANCE|SPIN WAVES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113897,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CARACTERIZACIÓN DE SONDEOS ESTIVALES DEL NORTE DE MENDOZA MEDIANTE EL ANÁLISIS DE COMPONENTES PRINCIPALES Y OBTENCIÓN DE UN ÍNDICE DE CONVECCIÓN","resumen":"Se utilizó el análisis de componentes principales para caracterizar radiosondeosestivales del norte de Mendoza, evaluando su capacidad para identificar patronesasociados a la ocurrencia de convección y definiendo un índice de inestabilidad.Se tomaron 326 casos, construyendo una matriz de anomalías de temperatura (T) ytemperatura de punto de rocío (Td) de los niveles estándar entre 850 y 300 hPa.El análisis arrojó 6 componentes significativas que explican más del 91% devarianza. Así se obtuvieron 12 patrones que representan condiciones atmosféricasdiferenciadas.Las mayores correlaciones entre patrones y casos de convección (C) y noconvección (NC), se obtuvieron para las componentes 6, 2, 4 y 3. La convección sefavorecería en entornos relativamente húmedos con un marcado gradiente de T en nivelesmedios y altos, mientras se inhibiría con capas secas en niveles medios y altos, y débilesgradientes de T en capas bajas.El indicador de C\/NC puede estimarse por regresión múltiple logística dependientede las componentes de carga, con una correlación conjunta de 0.5, determinando uníndice de estabilidad\/inestabilidad calculable a partir de los perfiles de T y Td ydependiente de las características climatológicas de la región. El índice mostró unaefectividad del 72%.","palabras_clave":"Norte de Mendoza|Radiosondeos|Convección|Índice de inestabilidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113898,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PREY SELECTION BY THE SNAIL KITE (ROSTRHAMUS SOCIABILIS) IN PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY WETLANDS OF CENTRAL ARGENTINA","resumen":"Prey selection by snail kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis) on freshwater apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) was studied in permanent and temporary wetlands in Buenos Aires province, Central Argentina. Live individuals of P. canaliculata and prey remains of this species left under perches by snail kites were collected in five temporary and three permanent wetlands. Frequency distributions of size of live and preyed-upon snails were compared at each sampling locality. Although snail kites selected prey by size both in temporary and permanent wetlands, the pattern of prey selection differed between wetland types. Snail kites selected prey of intermediate size in permanent wetlands but in temporary wetlands they selected for intermediate and large-sized snails. In spite of this selection pattern, snail preyed by snail kites in temporary wetlands was on average 8\u201317 mm smaller than in permanent wetlands. Estimates of snail abundance (and presumably prey availability) were higher in temporary wetlands than in permanent wetlands. Differences in habitat physiognomy and in snail abundance between both types of habitat could be responsible for differences in the pattern of prey selection between wetland types.","palabras_clave":"selección de presas|Rostrhamus sociabilis|Pomacea canaliculata|caracolero"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113899,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Coronary microcirculation remodeling in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","resumen":"BACKGROUND:  In patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM), the myocardial blood flow is markedly depressed. The presence of alterations in the number and length of the coronary microcirculation has not been explored.  METHODS:  In explanted hearts of 6 patients with IDCM and in 6 normal control hearts, the arteriolar length density and capillary numerical density were determined in sections stained with orcein (vessels 50-200 &#956;m in diameter), for smooth muscle actin (vessels 6-50 &#956;m in diameter) and CD34 (capillaries).  RESULTS:  No difference with normal hearts was observed in capillary numerical density and in length density of vessels above 50 &#956;m in diameter. In IDCM, more than 50% of arterioles below 50 &#956;m in diameter displayed an incomplete smooth muscle wall, and length density, especially for arterioles between 6 and 20 &#956;m in diameter, was significantly lower (42.84 ± 8.51 mm\/mm(3)) than in controls (75.34 ± 3.05 mm\/mm(3), p = 0.001).  CONCLUSIONS:  In IDCM, arterioles below 50 &#956;m in diameter display an incomplete smooth muscle wall and a significant decrease in length density. These observations provide an anatomical basis for a decreased coronary flow reserve in IDCM.","palabras_clave":"IDCM|ARTERIOLES|CORONARY_MICROCIRCULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113900,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparison of prevalence, clinical course, and pathological findings of left ventricular systolic impairment versus normal systolic function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","resumen":"Impaired left ventricular systolic function (ILVSF) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) is a risk factor for sudden death and a determinant of high mortality. We determined its prevalence, clinical parameters, long-term outcome, and pathologic findings of explanted hearts. We retrospectively analyzed 382 patients with HC; ILVSF was characterized by LV ejection fraction <50% at rest and was identified in 24 patients (6.3%). Patients with ILVSF were younger than patients with normal SF (43.5 ± 14.1 vs 55.3 ± 20.4 years, p = 0.001) and had larger LV end-diastolic cavity diameter (53.2 ± 12.2 vs 43.8 ± 6.2 mm, p = 0.001), larger left atrium (51.2 ± 6.5 vs 44.3 ± 8 mm, p <0.001), and lower fractional shortening (30.7 ± 11.1% vs 45.5% ± 10.3%, p <0.001). A combined end point (heart failure death or heart transplantation) was considered. Median follow-up was 3 years (1.2 to 6.3). Fourteen patients with ILVSF (58.3%) had the end point compared to 3 (0.8%) with normal SF (p <0.001). In explanted hearts, fibrosis represented 30.5 ± 12.5% of the left ventricle; we observed a direct correlation between fibrosis and ventricular dilation (r = 0.794, p = 0.001) and an inverse correlation between fibrosis and ejection fraction (r = -0.623, p = 0.023). Number and length density of small arterioles (<50 &#956;m in diameter) were significantly decreased. In conclusion, ILVSF in HC has a poor prognosis and is associated with fibrosis and selective decreased development of small arterioles.","palabras_clave":"ILVSF|HC|ARTERIOLES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113901,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, oncosis, and autophagic vacuolization predict mortality in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with advanced heart failure","resumen":"OBJECTIVES:  The aim of this study was to identify the remodeling parameters cardiomyocyte (CM) damage or death, hypertrophy, and fibrosis that may be linked to outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure (HF) in an effort to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of HF that may support newer therapeutic modalities.  BACKGROUND:  There are controversial results on the influence of fibrosis, CM hypertrophy, and apoptosis on outcomes in patients with HF; other modalities of cell damage have been poorly investigated.  METHODS:  In endomyocardial biopsy specimens from 100 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and advanced HF, CM diameter and the extent of fibrosis were determined by morphometry. The proportion of CMs with evidence of apoptosis, autophagic vacuolization (AuV), and oncosis was investigated by immunohistochemical methods and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling. Those parameters were correlated with mortality in 3 years of follow-up by univariate analysis and with multivariate models incorporating the clinical variables more relevant to the prediction of outcomes.  RESULTS:  CM AuV occurred in 28 patients (0.013 ± 0.012%) and oncosis in 41 (0.109 ± 0.139%). Nineteen patients showed both markers. Apoptotic CM nuclei were observed in 3 patients. In univariate analysis, CM diameter and AuV, either alone or associated with oncosis, were predictors of mortality. In multivariate analysis, CM diameter (hazard ratio: 1.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 1.68; p = 0.002) and simultaneous presence in the same endomyocardial biopsy specimen of AuV and oncosis (hazard ratio: 2.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 7.13; p = 0.028) were independent predictors of mortality.  CONCLUSIONS:  CM hypertrophy and AuV, especially in association with oncosis, are predictors of outcome in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and severe HF.","palabras_clave":"CM|HF|AuV"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113902,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EFFECTIVENESS FACTOR CALCULATION AND MONOLITH REACTOR SIMULATION WITH NON-UNIFORM WASHCOAT AND ARBITRARY CATALYTIC ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION","resumen":"A simple, precise and fast procedure to simulate monolith reactors is presented. The method allows the estimation of effectiveness factors (&#951;) in monolith with washcoat&nbsp; of irregular geometries and arbitrary catalytic activity distribution. Catalytic washcoat with the same quantity of active material, deposited in different manners, are compared in their influence on monolith reactor performance. Intrinsic effectiveness factor&nbsp; estimations, with the approximate method, for first order reaction gave results very close to the rigorous 2D calculation. It is shown that differences between&nbsp; &#951; values can be as much as 54% when non uniform catalytic activity distribution is considered. It is also shown the influence of different catalyst&nbsp; distribution on the behavior of a monolith reactor where the isothermal NO decomposition on Cu\/ZSM-5 washcoat with complex Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic expression, is carried out. Estimated results are in close agreement with experimental findings. The influence of different catalytic activity distribution on &#951; can be as much as 66%, while exit NO conversion changes more than 42%. ","palabras_clave":"EFFECTIVENESS FACTOR|MONOLITH REACTOR|NON_UNIFORM WASHCOAT|NON_UNIFORM CATALYTIC DISTRIBUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113903,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of polyetherimide\/silica hybrid membranes by the sol-gel process: influence of the reaction conditions on the membrane properties","resumen":"Abstract: Hybrid polyetherimide (PEI)?silica membranes were synthesized. The aim was to obtain improved materials for gas separation media. The inorganic material was prepared via the sol?gel method through the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The influence of the reaction conditions on the final membrane morphology and properties were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM?EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the PEI and PEI?silica composite membranes. The evolution of TEOS hydrolysis and the condensation processes were verified by FTIR studies. The silica?polymer interaction was also analyzed. The SEM micrographs showed how the membranes distinct morphologies depended upon synthesis parameters and preparation techniques (presence of coupling agent, TEOS polymerization in situ or not, silica content and membranes redissolution). The permeation rates of CO2, CH4, O2, N2, and H2 through the pure polymer and hybrid membranes were&nbsp; measured and showed an increase of gas permeability for hybrid membranes but, the CO2\/CH4 and O2\/N2 selectivities decreased compared to PEI membranes.Hybrid polyetherimide (PEI)?silica membranes were synthesized. The aim was to obtain improved materials for gas separation media. The inorganic material was prepared via the sol?gel method through the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The influence of the reaction conditions on the final membrane morphology and properties were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM?EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the PEI and PEI?silica composite membranes. The evolution of TEOS hydrolysis and the condensation processes were verified by FTIR studies. The silica?polymer interaction was also analyzed. The SEM micrographs showed how the membranes distinct morphologies depended upon synthesis parameters and preparation techniques (presence of coupling agent, TEOS polymerization in situ or not, silica content and membranes redissolution). The permeation rates of CO2, CH4, O2, N2, and H2 through the pure polymer and hybrid membranes were&nbsp; measured and showed an increase of gas permeability for hybrid membranes but, the CO2\/CH4 and O2\/N2 selectivities decreased compared to PEI membranes.","palabras_clave":"MEMBRANES|POLYETHERIMIDE|HYBRID|PROPERTIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113904,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Optimal process conditions for the isomerization-cracking of long-chain n-paraffins to high octane isomerizate gasoline over Pt\/SO42--ZrO2 catalysts","resumen":"An assessment of the process conditions for the isomerization?cracking of long-chain n-paraffins over commercial Pt\/SO4-2\/ZrO2 catalysts was made. Pretreatment and reaction conditions were optimized with a focus on the maximization of the yield of short, high octane branched paraffins for the gasoline pool. While selectivity was an important issue attention was also paid to the reduction of the yield to gases (C1-C4).Therefore cracking had to be modulated to produce the correct molecular size adjustment without scission to too much smaller fragments. Skeletal isomerization was to be maximized. The activity in both acid-catalyzed reactions had to be tuned while keeping a stable activity level. The only pretreatment condition assessed was the calcination temperature (screened in the 600-800 °C range). Calcination at 600 °C produced the highest activity level while 700 °C was convenient from the point of view of selectivity. The optimum temperature coincided with the production of the highest concentration of Brönsted acid sites. Regarding the reaction conditions, increasing temperature values augmented the conversion but also increased the cracking. Therefore optimum values were found at a moderate temperature, 225 °C, given the high reactivity of the feed. Space velocity values were analyzed with attention to the liquid C5+ yield, the selectivity to branched isomers and the stability of the catalysts. Best yields to branched naphtha products were obtained at WHSV = 18 h-1. The H2\/hydrocarbon molar ratio was a function of the catalyst coking rate. A value of 10 was enough to attain a stable conversion value. The values of liquid yield as a function of pressure displayed a volcano pattern that was rationalized in terms of a non-classical bifunctional mechanism of reaction. High pressure values increased the concentration of Brönsted acid sites and hence the activity while high pressures enhanced hydrocracking and decreased the liquid yield. The optimal pressure value was 20 atm.","palabras_clave":"octane number|isomerization-cracking|sulfated zirconia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113905,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"H3PW12O40, an efficient and reusable catalyst for biodiesel production related reactions.  Esterification of oleic acid and etherification of glycerol.","resumen":"Esterification of oleic acid with methanol and etherification of glycerol with tertbutanol was studied using H3PW12O40 (HPA); Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 and Amberlyst 35W catalysts. In esterification at 25 °C HPA displayed the highest activity. However in etherification HPA and Amberlyst 35W showed similar initial activity.The acid properties of the catalysts were determined by means of the liquid phase reaction test of dehydration of 1,4-butanediol and by ammonia desorption. Both techniques yielded different results indicating that either dehydration proceeded over a small fraction of sites of high strength or that HPA was dissolved in the alcoholic medium and catalyzed the reaction homogeneously. ","palabras_clave":"HETEROPOLYACIDS|ESTERIFICATION|ETHERIFICATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113906,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Non -catalytic biodiesel process with adsorption -based refining","resumen":"Different feedstocks of varying acidity ranks and water contents were subjected to a series of discontinuoussteps that simulated a biodiesel production process. The three steps comprised: (i) the non-catalytictransesterification with supercritical methanol at 280 C; (ii) the distillation of the unreacted methanol,water and volatile products; and (iii) the adsorption of the impurities with adequate adsorbents. Refinedsoy oil, chicken oil and waste cooking oil were subjected to the same simple procedure. The process producedbiodiesel complying with the water, acid, glycerides and methyl esters content specifications of theEN 14214 standard.Biodiesel production by the reaction of oils in supercritical methanol at 280 C and methanol-to-oilmolar ratios of 15 and 20 produced amounts of glycerol as small as 0.02%. This simplified the subsequentrefining of the biodiesel and is considered an advantage over the classic alkali-catalyzed process (thatproduces 10% of glycerol by-product) because washing steps can be spared.The contents of methyl esters, water and free fatty acids showed a volcano pattern when plotted as afunction of the reaction time. In the case of the free fatty acids this was attributed to the initial reaction ofwater and triglycerides to form acids and glycerol that increased the acidity of the product mixture. Atlonger reaction times these acids were likely transformed into methyl esters or were decarboxylatedto hydrocarbons and CO2. Water formation was attributed to glycerol decomposition and esterification of free fatty acids.The design of a simple process for biodiesel production using a single reaction step with negligible glycerolproduction and an adsorption-based refining step was thus studied. A possible scheme integratingreaction, methanol recycling, biodiesel purification and heat recovery was discussed. Advantages and disadvantagesof process units were analyzed on terms of operating cost and simplicity.of free fatty acids.The design of a simple process for biodiesel production using a single reaction step with negligible glycerolproduction and an adsorption-based refining step was thus studied. A possible scheme integratingreaction, methanol recycling, biodiesel purification and heat recovery was discussed. Advantages and disadvantagesof process units were analyzed on terms of operating cost and simplicity.2. Water formation was attributed to glycerol decomposition and esterification of free fatty acids.The design of a simple process for biodiesel production using a single reaction step with negligible glycerolproduction and an adsorption-based refining step was thus studied. A possible scheme integratingreaction, methanol recycling, biodiesel purification and heat recovery was discussed. Advantages and disadvantagesof process units were analyzed on terms of operating cost and simplicity.","palabras_clave":"biodiesel|supercritical|adsorption|refining"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113907,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The fate of chrysotile-induced multipolar mitosis and aneuploid population in cultured lung cancer cells","resumen":"Chrysotile is one of the six types of asbestos, and it is the only one that can still be commercialized in many countries. Exposure to other types of asbestos has been associated with serious diseases, such as lung carcinomas and pleural mesotheliomas. The association of chrysotile exposure with disease is controversial. However, in vitro studies show the mutagenic potential of chrysotile, which can induce DNA and cell damage. The present work aimed to analyze alterations in lung small cell carcinoma cultures after 48 h of chrysotile exposure, followed by 2, 4 and 8 days of recovery in fiber-free culture medium. Some alterations, such as aneuploid cell formation, increased number of cells in G2\/M phase and cells in multipolar mitosis were observed even after 8 days of recovery. The presence of chrysotile fibers in the cell cultures was detected and cell morphology was observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. After 4 and 8 days of recovery, only a few chrysotile fragments were present in some cells, and the cellular morphology was similar to that of control cells. Cells transfected with the GFP-tagged &#945;-tubulin plasmid were treated with chrysotile for 24 or 48 h and cells in multipolar mitosis were observed by time-lapse microscopy. Fates of these cells were established: retention in metaphase, cell death, progression through M phase generating more than two daughter cells or cell fusion during telophase or cytokinesis. Some of them were related to the formation of aneuploid cells and cells with abnormal number of centrosomes.","palabras_clave":"CHRYSOLITE|MITOSIS|CANCER|MICROTUBULES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113908,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil","resumen":"Two new species of Paniceae are here described, one belonging to  Dichanthelium  ( Dichanthelium barbadense ) and the other to   Panicum  sect.  Laxa  ( Panicum harleyi ). Both taxa grow in open areas of Central Brazil are described, illustrated, and compared with putative   related species.","palabras_clave":"Panicum|Dichanthelium|grasses|taxonomy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113909,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Crustal segments in the North Patagonian Massif, Patagonia: An integrated perspective based on Sm-Nd isotope systematics","resumen":"New insights on the Paleozoic evolution of the continental crust in the North Patagonian Massif are presented based on the analysis of Sm-Nd systematics. New evidence is presented to constrain tectonic models for the origin of Patagonia and its relations with the South American crustal blocks. Geologic, isotopic and tectonic characterization of the North Patagonian Massif and comparison of the Nd parameters lead us to conclude that: (1) The North Patagonian Massif is a crustal block with bulk crustal average ages between 2.1 and 1.6 Ga TDM (Nd) and (2) At least three metamorphic episodes could be identified in the Paleozoic rocks of the North Patagonian Massif. In the northeastern corner, Famatinian metamorphism is widely identified. However field and petrographic evidence indicate a Middle to Late Cambrian metamorphism pre-dating the emplacement of the ca. 475 Ma granitoids. In the southwestern area, are apparent 425-420 Ma (?) and 380-360 Ma metamorphic peaks. The latter episode might have resulted from the collision of the Antonia terrane; and (3) Early Paleozoic magmatism in the northeastern area is coeval withthe Famatinian arc. Nd isotopic compositions reveal that Ordovician magmatism was associated with attenuated crust. On the southwestern border, the first magmatic recycling record is Devonian. Nd datashows a step by step melting of different levels of the continental crust in the Late Palaeozoic. Between 330 and 295 Ma magmatism was likely the product of a crustal source with an average 1.5 Ga TDM (Nd).Widespread magmatism represented by the 295e260 Ma granitoids involved a lower crustal mafic source, and continued with massive shallower-acid plutono volcanic complexes which might have recycled an upper crustal segment of the Proterozoic continental basement, resulting in a more felsic crust until the Triassic. (4) Sm-Nd parameters and detrital zircon age patterns of Early Paleozoic (meta)-sedimentary rocks from the North Patagonian Massif and those from the neighboring blocks, suggest crustal continuity between Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, southern Arequipa-Antofalla and the northeastern sector of the North Patagonian Massif by the Early Paleozoic. This evidence suggests that, at least, this corner of the North Patagonian Massif is not allochthonous to Gondwana. A Late Paleozoic frontal collision with the southwestern margin of Gondwana can be reconcilied in a para-autochthonous model including a rifting eventfrom a similar or neighbouring position to its post-collision location. Possible Proterozoic or Early Paleozoic connections of the NPM with the Kalahari craton or the western Antartic blocks should be investigated","palabras_clave":"Sm-Nd systematics|Crustal segments|Para autochthonous model|North Patagonian Massif"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113910,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Insecticidal activity of essential oils from eleven Eucalyptus spp and two hybrids: lethal and sublethal effects of their major components on Blattella germanica","resumen":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the fumigant activity of the essential oils from eleven species of the genus Eucalyptus and two of their hybrids on first instar nymphs of Blattella germanica L. The fumigant activity and repellence of the four major monoterpene components of these essential oils were also tested. Fumigant activity was evaluated by exposing nymphs to the vapors emitted by 50 µl of essential oil or monoterpene in a closed recipient. The lowest Knockdown Time 50% (KT50) values, expressed in minutes, were elicited by the essential oils of the E. grandis x E. tereticornis hybrid (57.9), E. sideroxylon (62.0), E. grandis x E. camaldulensis hybrid(63.8), E. viminalis (64.1), E. dunii (64.5), and E. grandis (68.7). The KT50 values for the remaining essential oils ranged between 74.5 (E. saligna) and 161.4 min (E. tereticornis). The essential oil from the hybrid E. grandis x E. tereticornis was 3.7 times less toxic than dichlorvos (positive control). The KT50 values of monoterpenes were 38.8 for alfa-pinene, 55.3 for 1,8-cineole, 175.6 for p-cymene, and 178.3 for gamma-terpinene. Alfa-pinene was 2.5 times less toxic than dichlorvos. There was a strong positive correlation between the fumigant activity of essential oils and their corresponding 1,8-cineole and alfa-pinene concentration. Repellency was quantified using a video tracking system. Two concentrations of monoterpenes were studied (7 and 70 µg\/square cm). All compounds produced a light repellent effect but only when applied at 70 µg\/square cm>. In all cases, the repellent effect was less than that produced by the broad-spectra insect repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) (positive control).","palabras_clave":"BLATTELLA GERMANICA|EUCALYPTUS |ESSENTIAL OILS|MONOTERPENES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113911,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto de la aplicación de altas presiones hidrostáticas sobre las propiedades fisicoquimicas de medallones de carne vacuna","resumen":"La tecnología de altas presiones hidrostáticas (APH) podría utilizarse para la elaboración de pastas cárnicas y productos reestructurados, ya que incrementa la solubilización y agregación de las proteínas miofibrilares. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes tratamientos con altas presiones y concentraciones de NaCl y tripolifosfato de sodio (TPFS) sobre las propiedades fisicoquímicas de medallones de carne vacuna. Se elaboraron medallones de carne vacuna con diferentes concentraciones de aditivos (NaCl 0-2%; TPFS 0-0,5%) y se los trató con APH (presión 100- 300MPa; tiempo de tratamiento 1-5min). En medallones crudos y cocidos, el pH aumentó con la adición de TPFS y disminuyó con la de NaCl. El pH de medallones crudos aumentó significativamente con la presión. La pérdida de peso por cocción (PPC)&nbsp; disminuyó con la incorporación de aditivos y aumentó con el incremento de la presión y el tiempo de tratamiento. El parámetro L* de medallones crudos, aumentó con la adición de aditivos y la presión; mientras que en los medallones cocidos,disminuyó con la incorporación de NaCl y el incremento de la presión. El parámetro a*, en medallones crudos, disminuyó con la adición de NaCl y el aumento de la presión y el tiempo. En los cocidos, sólo se observó su disminución por la incorporación de aditivos. La resistencia y el trabajo de corte aumentaron con el incremento de la presión. Los parámetros dureza, elasticidad y masticabilidad aumentaron con el incremento de la presión y del tiempo de tratamiento, y disminuyeron con la adición de aditivos. La aplicación de APH sobre los medallones congelados mejoró los parámetros relacionados con la adhesividad de las partículas cárnicas, no obstante, no redujo la PPC. Esto se debería a que el agua que podría haber quedado ligada a las proteínas miofibrilares durante el tratamiento con APH, al encontrarseinmovilizada por la congelación, no resultó retenida por la matriz proteica o sólo fue retenida&nbsp; parcialmente.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"altas presiones hidrostáticas| carne vacuna, |aditivos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113912,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Cómo controlar a los líderes políticos","resumen":"      La historia reciente de Ecuador muestra un proceso de lucha descarnada por el poder político y económico entre líderes, instituciones y organizaciones de la sociedad civil. En esa lucha algunos líderes parecen triunfar controlando el gobierno, el desarme de los partidos políticos y la desmovilización de la sociedad civil.      El artículo presenta brevemente un análisis de los estudios sobre líderes políticos y especialmente sobre la importancia del control de los mismos. En segundo término, discutimos algunas ideas sobre el populismo y el clientelismo político que conforman la cultura política latinoamericana. La tercera sección presenta las percepciones que distintos líderes ecuatorianos nos ofrecieron frente a los presupuestos de nuestro estudio.   La cuarta sección analiza la falta de capacidad de control por parte de los partidos políticos lo cual otorga mayor poder al líder. En quinto lugar haremos referencia a la paradójica circulación de élites que se ha desarrollado recientemente en el Ecuador por la que hay renovación pero dentro de unos parámetros elitistas muy similares a los tradicionales. Concluímos este trabajo proponiendo algunas ideas sobre el liderazgo político en Ecuador, las dificultades y los desafíos para mejorarlo y controlarlo.El artículo presenta brevemente un análisis de los estudios sobre líderes políticos y especialmente sobre la importancia del control de los mismos. En segundo término, discutimos algunas ideas sobre el populismo y el clientelismo político que conforman la cultura política latinoamericana. La tercera sección presenta las percepciones que distintos líderes ecuatorianos nos ofrecieron frente a los presupuestos de nuestro estudio.   La cuarta sección analiza la falta de capacidad de control por parte de los partidos políticos lo cual otorga mayor poder al líder. En quinto lugar haremos referencia a la paradójica circulación de élites que se ha desarrollado recientemente en el Ecuador por la que hay renovación pero dentro de unos parámetros elitistas muy similares a los tradicionales. Concluímos este trabajo proponiendo algunas ideas sobre el liderazgo político en Ecuador, las dificultades y los desafíos para mejorarlo y controlarlo.","palabras_clave":"Liderazgo político|democracia|clientelismo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113913,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La clave sigue siendo el sistema de partidos","resumen":"En las democracias modernas los partidos políticos cumplen 4 funciones fundamentales: el reclutamiento de elites políticas, la agregación de intereses, la formación  y el  sostenimiento del gobierno y la canalización de la  participación de los ciudadanos en los procesos políticos. En un sistema de partidos institucionalizado, los partidos moldean las preferencias políticas de los ciudadanos, colocan en agenda ciertas cuestiones y brindan puntos de referencia para los ciudadanos en cuanto a dónde situarse en relación a éstas. Las etiquetas partidarias llevan consigo un contenido programático ideológico. En ese sentido, los partidos sirven como reaseguros contra el surgimiento de líderes personalistas, al actuar como maquinarias de producción de programas de políticas públicas que aseguran la coherencia de las mismas, garantizan su coordinación y pueden supervisar su implementación. Así, partidos fuertes vuelven más difícil para los líderes llevar adelante estrategias cortoplacistas que apunten a obtener un rédito personal.    En la mayoría de  las democracias latinoamericanas observamos en las últimas décadas el deterioro de los partidos políticos como semilleros de dirigentes y maquinarias ideológicas. Este deterioro ha tenido consecuencias también sobre la calidad de los liderazgos políticos y sobre la capacidad de construir propuestas de país a más largo plazo.","palabras_clave":"LIDERAZGO|RENOVACIÓN POLÍTICA|DEMOCRACIA|PARTIDOS POLÍTICOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113914,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Shape variation in lentic and lotic tadpoles of Melanophryniscus (Anura: Bufonidae)","resumen":"Abstract  The bufonid genus Melanophryniscus includes 25 species that are divided into three phenetic groups based on adult morphology. Larvae develop in environments such as temporary ponds, streams or phytotelms. We studied variation in external morphology related to lentic and lotic microhabitats, through landmark-based geometric morphometrics on body shape, and multivariate analysis on oral disc measurements. Results show a morphological continuum between species that inhabit lentic vs. lotic water systems. Features both in body shape and oral disc coincide with previous characterizations of lentic and lotic tadpoles published elsewhere.     Resumen  El género de bufónidos Melanophryniscus comprende 25 especies actualmente reunidas en tres grupos fenéticos distinguidos por morfología de los adultos. En adición, las larvas se desarrollan alternativamente en variados ambientes, tales como charcos, arroyos temporarios y fitotelmata. Estudiamos la variación morfológica externa asociada a ambientes lóticos y lénticos, mediante morfometría geométrica de landmarks sobre la forma del cuerpo, y análisis multivariado de las medidas del disco oral. Los resultados muestran un continuo morfológico entre las especies que habitan sistemas lénticos vs. lóticos. Las características corporales y del disco oral coinciden con caracterizaciones previas de renacuajos lénticos y lóticos ya publicadas.","palabras_clave":"anuran larvae|basal bufonids|body shape|geometric morphometrics|oral disc"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113915,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Trans-activity of Plasma Membrane-associated Ganglioside Sialyltransferase in Mammalian Cells","resumen":"Gangliosides are acidic glycosphingolipids that contain sialic acid residues and are expressed in nearly all vertebrate cells. They are synthesized at the Golgi complex by a combination of glycosyltransferase activities followed by vesicular delivery to the plasma membrane, where they participate in a variety of physiological as well as pathological processes. Recently, a number of enzymes of ganglioside anabolism and catabolism have been shown to be associated with the plasma membrane. In particular, it was observed that CMP-NeuAc:GM3 sialyltransferase (Sial-T2) is able to sialylate GM3 at the plasma membrane (cis-catalytic activity). In this work, we demonstrated that plasma membrane-integrated ecto-Sial-T2 also displays a trans-catalytic activity at the cell surface of epithelial and melanoma cells. By using a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay combined with confocal fluorescence microscopy, we observed that ecto-Sial-T2 was able to sialylate hydrophobically or covalently immobilized GM3 onto a solid surface. More interestingly, we observed that ecto-Sial-T2 was able to sialylate GM3 exposed on the membrane of neighboring cells by using both the exogenous and endogenous donor substrate (CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid) available at the extracellular milieu. In addition, the trans-activity of ecto-Sial-T2 was considerably reduced when the expression of the acceptor substrate was inhibited by using a specific inhibitor of biosynthesis of glycolipids, indicating the lipidic nature of the acceptor. Our findings provide the first direct evidence that an ecto-sialyltransferase is able to trans-sialylate substrates exposed in the plasma membrane from mammalian cells, which represents a novel insight into the molecular events that regulate the local glycosphingolipid composition.","palabras_clave":"GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES|GANGLIOSIDES|PLASMA MEMBRANE|ECTO SYALYLTRANSFERASES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113916,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pregnane X receptor mediates the induction of P-glycoprotein by spironolactone in HepG2 cells","resumen":"We evaluated the effect of spironolactone (SL), a well-known inducer of biotransformation and elimination pathways, on the expression and activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp\/ABCB1\/MDR1), a major xenobiotic transporter, in HepG2 cells, as well as the potential mediation of pregnane X nuclear receptor (PXR). Cells were exposed to SL (1, 5, 10, 20 or 50 &#956;M) for 48 h. Expression of P-gp and its mRNA levels were estimated by Western blotting and real time PCR, respectively. P-gp activity was inversely correlated with the ability of the cells to accumulate the model substrate rhodamine 123 (Rh123, 5 &#956;M), in the presence or absence of verapamil (50 &#956;M), a P-gp inhibitor. At the highest dose of SL tested, P-gp and MDR1 mRNA levels were significantly increased (73 and 108%) with respect to control cells. Rh123 accumulation was concomitantly reduced and verapamil was able to abolish this effect, confirming P-gp participation. Additionally, we tested the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin, a model substrate of P-gp, under inducing conditions. HepG2 cells treated with SL exhibited higher viability, i.e. less doxorubicin toxicity, than control cells, consistent with P-gp up-regulation. When HepG2 cells were treated with SL in the presence of ketoconazole (KTZ), a non-specific nuclear receptor inhibitor, the up-regulation of P-gp was suppressed. To further identify the nuclear receptor involved, cells were transfected with a siRNA directed against human PXR, leading to a 74% decrease in PXR protein levels, which totally abolished SL induction of P-gp. We conclude that SL up-regulates P-gp expression, likely at transcriptional level, and its efflux activity in HepG2 cells. This effect is mediated by PXR. Thus, ligands of PXR such as SL may alter the disposition and toxicity of other xenobiotics, including drugs of therapeutic use, that are P-gp substrates.","palabras_clave":"HepG2|Cytotoxicity|P-glycoprotein|Pregnane X Receptor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113917,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microelectrochemical corrosion study of super martensitic welds in chloride-containing media","resumen":"Pitting corrosion was studied in welded joints of supermartensitic stainless steels. The electrochemical  behavior of three different weldment zones (weld metal (WM), parent metal (PM) and heat affected zone  (HAZ)) was characterized independently using an electrochemical minicell through potentiodynamic and  potentiostatic techniques. The minicell design selected for this work has the additional advantage of  showing promise for service application. Macro-electrochemical characterization was also used to provide  a basis for comparison and check the effectiveness of minicell techniques in characterizing the corrosion  resistance of welded super martensitic stainless steels. Minicell experiments exhibit a great  capacity to discriminate between the different welding zones. The electrochemical response can be correlated  with the microstructure of the different zones. Thermal cycles resulting from the welding procedure  do not have an important effect on the amount of retained austenite or on the values of the pitting  potential EP in the HAZ.","palabras_clave":"STAINLESS STEELS|POLARIZATION|WELDING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113918,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of the impact of alloy microstructural properties on passive films formed on low-C 13CrNiMo martensitic stainless steels","resumen":"Thermal cycles during welding lead to inhomogeneous conditions in the chemical composition and  microstructure of both weld metal and parent metal. These properties are directly related to pitting  corrosion susceptibility of low-C 13CrNiMo martensitic stainless steels via the stability of their passive  films. This work describes how passive film properties vary according to the substrate microstructure  and allows interpreting the way in which these changes impact on pitting resistance. Thickness and  structure of the anodic films on low-C 13CrNiMo martensitic stainless steels are markedly influenced by  heat treatments previously applied to the alloys. Higher retained austenite amounts preserve higher Cr  contents and lead to thicker anodic films. This beneficial microstructure is also related to higher rates of  anodic film formation.","palabras_clave":"ALLOY |HEAT TREATMENT |ELECTROQUEMICAL TECHNIQUES|CORROSION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113919,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Induction of specific cytotoxic activity for bovine herpesvirus-1 by DNA immunization with different adjuvants","resumen":"It is well documented that adjuvants improve the immune response generated by traditional viral vaccines; however, less is known about their effects on the immune response elicited by DNA vaccines. In this study, we have investigated the use of adjuvants, and have analyzed the humoral and cellular specific immune responses elicited by DNA vaccines based on the BoHV-1 glycoprotein D (secreted version) in pCIneo vector with and without Montanide ISA25 (O\/W), ISA206 VG (SEPPIC) and CliptoxTM (natural microparticles of clinoptilolite). The comparison of the immune response induced in mice by pCIgD formulated with or without adjuvants showed that the immunomodulators affect the total specific humoral and cellular response. The isotypes induced by these adjuvants were of the type Th1\/Th2. A significant increase in the mac-3+ and F4\/80+ populations of the groups receiving pCIneo with ISA25, ISA206; and an increase in CD4+ populations of the group receiving pCIneo ISA25, in comparison with the pCIneo group was observed. On the other hand, mice vaccinated with pCIgD\/ISA25, pCIgD\/ISA206, or pCIgD\/ Cliptox developed a significantly higher specific cytotoxic activity against BoHV-1 than the pCIgD and pCIneo groups. In this report we propose the use of ISA25, ISA206 or Cliptox as adjuvants in a DNA vaccine since they are able to induce not only a specific humoral immune response but also a specific cellular immune response. ","palabras_clave":"BoHV-1 DNA vaccine|adjuvants|Cytotoxic response|mice model"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113920,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Value of a Formula Including Haematocrit, Blood Urea and Gender (Huge) as A Screening Test for Chronic Renal Insufficiency","resumen":"Despite increasing use in clinical practice, an estimated glomerular filtration rate value  (eGFR) of <60 ml\/min\/1.73 m2 does not necessarily indicate the existence of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI)  and this may lead to an over-estimate of CRI particularly in persons seventy years or older. Aim: To find a  screening test able to differentiate CRI from the decrease in GFR normally associated with the renal ageing  process. Methods: Medical information of 487 individuals of both sexes aged 16-102 was obtained from  nephrologists, internal medicine physicians, cardiologists, geriatricians, family and nuclear medicine doctors  from Argentina, Portugal and Spain. Data were assessed and statistically analysed using logistic regression  techniques. From the discriminative variables it was derived the HUGE formula. Results: A formula including  haematocrit , blood urea, and gender (HUGE), diagnoses CRI regardless of the variables of age, blood  creatinine, creatinine clearance, or other eGFR. The HUGE formula is: L= 2.505458 ? (0.264418 x Hematocrit) +  (0.118100 x Urea) [+ 1.383960 if male]. If L is a negative number the individual does not have CRI; if L is a  positive number, CRI is present. Our data demonstrate that the HUGE formula is more reliable than MDRD and  CKD-EPI, particularly in persons aged over 70. Conclusions: Our HUGE screening formula offers a  straightforward, easily available and inexpensive method for differentiating between CRI and eGFR < 60  ml\/min\/1.73 m2 that will prevent a considerable number of aged healthy persons, as much as 1.700.000","palabras_clave":"Urea|Chronic Renal Failure|screening|haematocrit"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113921,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Prevención de eventos cardiovasculares  en la Insuficiencia Renal Crónica  Factores de riesgo no tradicionales","resumen":"La principal causa de muerte de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica es el evento cardiovascular. El control de los ?factores de riesgo tradicionales? son las estrategias ampliamente utilizadas, a pesar de ello, la mortalidad por eventos cardiovasculares no ha disminuido considerablemente. Otros factores ?no tradicionales? como la anemia, la inflamación crónica, las calcificaciones vasculares, el aumento de la Lp(a) y de homocisteina han demostrado solo asociaciones con la aumentada mortalidad de esto pacientes, pero aun requieren estudios que demuestren causales de esta aumentada incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares  durante la insuficiencia renal crónica.","palabras_clave":"Insuficiencia Renal Cronica|Prevencion Cardiovascular"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113922,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Uric acid deposits and estivation in the invasive apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata","resumen":"The physiological ability to estivate is relevant for the maintenance of population size in the invasive Pomacea canaliculata. However, tissue reoxygenation during arousal from estivation poses the problem of acute  oxidative stress. Uric acid is a potent antioxidant in several systems and it is stored in specialized tissues of P.canaliculata. Changes in tissue concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), uric acid and allantoin were measured during estivation and arousal in P. canaliculata. Both TBARS and uric acid increased two-fold during 45 days estivation, probably as a consequence of concomitant oxyradical production during uric acid synthesis by xanthine oxidase. However, after arousal was induced, uric acid and TBARS dropped to or near baseline levels within 20 min and remained low up to 24 h after arousal induction, while the urate oxidation product allantoin continuously rose to a maximum at 24 h after induction, indicating the participation of uric acid as an antioxidant during reoxygenation. Neither uric acid nor allantoin was detected in the excreta during this 24 h period. Urate oxidase activity was also found in organs of active snails, but activity shut down during estivation and only a partial and sustained recovery was observed in the midgut gland.","palabras_clave":"reoxygenation|oxidative stress|oxyradicals scavengers|antioxidants"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113923,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Numerical and Experimental Studies of Electrochemical Deposition Quasi-Stable Growth","resumen":"Electrochemical Deposition (ECD) in thin cells in a vertical position relative to gravity (cathode above anode) yields a growth pattern formation with a uniform front. However, detailed analysis of front evolution reveals a complex competition between neighboring branches leading to a locally fluctuating growth. We study these fluctuations through experiments and theory. Experiments reveal that the uniform dendrite front is due to an acceleration and deceleration of the leading branches, the latter resulting from the building of a stable stratified flow at their tips. Theory predicts local electrohydrodynamic fluctuations near the dendrite tips amid a global stable stratified flow. Dendrite tips are surrounded by arches joining neighboring tips, separating depleted and constant concentration solution zones; the arches shape is the result of electro and gravitoconvective driven vortex rings. The simulated growth of a single tip exhibits the formation of a mushroom-like shape which is consistent with experimental observations.","palabras_clave":"ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION|NUMERICAL SIMULATION|GROWTH PATTERN FORMATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113924,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oxidative and nitrosative stress in Staphylococcus aureus biofilm","resumen":"Diverse chemical and physical agents can alter cellular functions associated with  oxidative metabolism, thus stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species  (ROS) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) in planktonic bacterial physiology.  However, more research is necessary to determine the precise role of cellular  stress in biofilm. The present study was designed to address the issues of  Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation with respect to the generation of oxidative  and nitrosative stress.We studied three pathogenic S. aureus clinical strains and an  ATCC strain exposed to a different range of culture conditions (time, temperature,  pH, reduction and atmospheric conditions) using quantitative methods of biofilm  detection. We observed that cellular stress could be produced inside biofilms,  thereby affecting their growth, resulting in an increase of ROS and RNI production,  and a decrease of the extracellular matrix under unfavorable conditions.  These radical oxidizers could then accumulate in an extracellular medium and thus  affect the matrix. These results contribute to a better understanding of the  processes that enable adherent biofilms to grow on inert surfaces and lead to an  improved knowledge of ROS and RNI regulation, which may help to clarify the  relevance of biofilm formation in medical devices.","palabras_clave":"Staphylococcus aureus |Biofilm|Oxidative stress |nitrosative stress"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113925,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vitamin B1 as a Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species Photogenerated by Vitamin B2","resumen":"Kinetics and mechanism of photoprocesses generated by visible light-irradiation of the system riboflavin (Rf, vitamin B2) plus Thiamine (Th) and Thiamine pyrophosphate (ThDP), representing vitamin B1, was studied in pH 7 water. A weak dark complex vitamin B2\u2013vitamin B1, with a mean value of 4 ± 0.4 m&#8722;1 is formed. An intricate mechanism of competitive reactions operates upon photoirradiation, being the light only absorbed by Rf. Th and ThDP quench excited singlet and triplet states of Rf, with rate constants in the order of 109 and 106 m&#8722;1 s&#8722;1, respectively. With Vitamin B1 in a concentration similar to that of dissolved molecular oxygen in water, the quenching of triplet excited Rf by the latter is highly predominant, resulting in the generation of O2(1&#916;g). Superoxide radical anion was not detected under work conditions. A relatively slow O2(1&#916;g)-mediated photodegradation of Th and ThDP was observed. Nevertheless, Th and especially ThDP behave as efficient physical deactivators of O2(1&#916;g). The thiazol structure in vitamin B1 appears as a good scavenger of this reactive oxygen species. This characteristic, that presents at vitamin B1 as a potential photoprotector of biological entities against O2(1&#916;g) attack, was been experimentally confirmed employing the protein lisozime as a photo-oxidizable target.","palabras_clave":"Riboflavin|Vitamin B1|Reactive Oxygen Species"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113926,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An Acute Case of Intoxication with Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Recreational Water in Salto Grande Dam, Argentina","resumen":"Cyanobacterial blooms and hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) usually occur in  summer, constituting a sanitary and environmental problem in Salto Grande Dam,Argentina. Water sports and recreational activities take place in summer in this lake. We reported an acute case of cyanobacterial poisoning in Salto Grande dam, Argentina, which occurred in January 2007. Accidentally, a young man was immersed in an intense bloom of Microcystis spp. A level of 48.6 &#956;g·L&#8722;1 of microcystin-LR was detected in water samples.  Four hours after exposure, the patient showed nausea, abdominal pain and fever. Three days later, dyspnea and respiratory distress were reported. The patient was hospitalized in intensive care and diagnosed with an atypical pneumonia. Finally, a week after the exposure, the patient developed a hepatotoxicosis with a significant increase of hepatic  damage biomarkers (ALT, AST and &#947;GT). Complete recovery took place within 20 days.  This is the first study to show an acute intoxication with microcystin-producing cyanobacteria blooms in recreational water.","palabras_clave":"cyanobacteria| cyanotoxins; |microcystin-LR; |acute case"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113927,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Basal Dinosaur from the Dawn of the Dinosaur Era in Southwestern Pangaea","resumen":"Upper Triassic rocks in northwestern Argentina preserve the most complete record of dinosaurs before their rise to dominance in the Early Jurassic. Here, we describe a previously unidentified basal theropod, reassess its contemporary Eoraptor as a basal sauropodomorph, divide the faunal record of the Ischigualasto Formation with biozones, and bracket the formation with 40Ar\/39Ar ages. Some 230 million years ago in the Late Triassic (mid Carnian), the earliest dinosaurs were the dominant terrestrial carnivores and small herbivores in southwestern Pangaea. The extinction of nondinosaurian herbivores is sequential and is not linked to an increase in dinosaurian diversity, which weakens the predominant scenario for dinosaurian ascendancy as opportunistic replacementUpper Triassic rocks in northwestern Argentina preserve the most complete record of dinosaurs before their rise to dominance in the Early Jurassic. Here, we describe a previously unidentified basal theropod, reassess its contemporary Eoraptor as a basal sauropodomorph, divide the faunal record of the Ischigualasto Formation with biozones, and bracket the formation with 40Ar\/39Ar ages. Some 230 million years ago in the Late Triassic (mid Carnian), the earliest dinosaurs were the dominant terrestrial carnivores and small herbivores in southwestern Pangaea. The extinction of nondinosaurian herbivores is sequential and is not linked to an increase in dinosaurian diversity, which weakens the predominant scenario for dinosaurian ascendancy as opportunistic replacement","palabras_clave":"Triassic|Carnian|Dinosauria|Theropoda"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113928,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Similar effects on sediment structure and infaunal community of two competitive intertidal soft-bottom burrowing crab species","resumen":"The intertidal crabs Neohelice granulata and Cyrtograpsus angulatus are common on the south-west Atlantic coast but they rarely share the same microhabitat. They are similar in size and in several life history traits which promote competition. Neohelice granulata is the dominant species in intertidal soft-sediment and salt-marsh areas from southern Brazil to northern Patagonia Argentina, where it forms extensive burrowing beds. Its burrowing activity affects sediment characteristics as well as the infaunal community. When both species coexist N. granulata constrains the distribution and modifies some population  characteristics and burrowing behaviour of C. angulatus. However, C. angulatus live in burrows forming dense burrowing beds in soft-bottom intertidal areas where N. granulata is absent. Where both species coexist, C. angulatus rarely constructs burrows and N. granulata clearly dominate soft-sediment areas forming conspicuous burrowing beds. This suggests that these crab species could have similar ecological roles in some effects on sediments related to burrowing activities. In this study, we experimentally compare their effects on sediment characteristics and infaunal community. The results of the experiment showed that C. angulatus modify sediment water and organic matter contents and grain size\u2013frequency distributions similarly to N. granulata. Neither N. granulata nor C. angulatus affected the mean abundance of infaunal organisms during the experiment but their  variances showed the same patterns in many cases, indicating similar effects. These results indicate that C. angulatus can modify sediment characteristics similarly to N. granulata, and has similar interactions with infaunal species.","palabras_clave":"functional redundancy|Neohelice granulata|Cyrtograpsus angulatus|bioturbation|competition|soft-bottom intertidal"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113929,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Top-down and bottom-up regulations in a high nutrient-high herbivory coastal ecosystem","resumen":"In this study we use San Antonio Bay (Northern Argentinean Patagonia) to understand the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down controls on macroalgal blooms in a macrotidal system with high nutrient supply and high consumer abundance. Our results show that nutrients, pH, and O2 concentrations were higher during low tide. A field experiment showed that the biomass accumulation rate of Ulva lactuca ranged between 6 and 12% d-1 and was reduced by herbivory by 60%. The biomass accumulation rate did not differ in thalli with different initial internal nutrient pools. There was a negative relationship between the percentage of algae consumed and the N content in algae tissue suggesting compensatory feeding by herbivores. Herbivory reduced the biomass accumulation rate of U. lactuca when PO43- or no nutrients were added, but not when NO3- was added. In the absence of herbivory, the addition of nutrients did not increase U. lactuca biomass accumulation rate. These results suggest that nutrients remain high enough for adequate time intervals to be assimilated by macroalgae and support blooms. Large water exchange during tides, however, can diminish the potential negative effects of macroalgal accumulation (oxygen depletion, high ammonium concentrations) on herbivores so that herbivores can have a large impact on macroalgae.","palabras_clave":"top-down vs. bottom-up|coastal eutrophication|tidal influence|Ulva lactuca|nutrients|herbivory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113930,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quantitative structure-spectral property relationships for functional groups of novel 1,2,5-thiadiazole compounds","resumen":"&nbsp;We show that the Quantitative Structure\u2013Property Relationships (QSPR) Theory is a valuable tool for the estimation of functional group spectral parameters that experimentalists usually measure by means of standard physicochemical techniques such as IR, NMR and X-ray Diffraction. Present approach is of practical importance when it is not possible to assign the spectral information with a sufficient degree of certainty. We generate 1497 Dragon theoretical descriptors for the characterization of molecular geometries of nearly forty novel 1,2,5-thiadiazole derivatives, coding various types of constitutional, topological, geometrical, electronic and lipophilic aspects of the structure. The simultaneous linear regression analyses on such numerical variables result in predictive models that enable the estimation of missing or confusing spectral data. In addition to it, we also analyze the role of the spectral data as 3D-structural descriptors because such kind of empirical parameters is commonly measured in the laboratory and may be quite useful for organic chemists to easily build transparent and interpretable QSPR.","palabras_clave":"QSPR|SPECTROSCOPY|REPLACEMENT METHOD|MOLECULAR STRUCTURE|1,2,5-THIADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113931,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A comparative QSAR on 1,2,5-thiadiazolidin-3-one 1,1-dioxide compounds as selective inhibitors of human serine proteinases","resumen":"Selective inhibitors of target serine proteinases have a potential therapeutic role for the treatment ofvarious inflammatory and related diseases. We develop a comparative quantitative structure activity relationships based analysis on compounds embodying the 1,2,5-thiadiazolidin-3-one 1,1-dioxide scaffold. By means of classical Molecular Dynamics we obtain the conformation of each lowest-energy molecular structure from which we derive more than a thousand of structural descriptors necessary for building predictive QSAR models. We resort to two different modeling approaches with the purpose of testing the consistency of our results: (a) multivariable linear regressions based on the replacement method and forward stepwise regression, and (b) the calculation of flexible descriptors with the CORAL program. All the models are properly validated by means of standard procedures. The resulting QSAR models are supposed to be of great utility for the rational search and design (including synthesis and\/or in vitro biochemical studies) of new effective non-peptidyl inhibitors of serine proteinases.","palabras_clave":"QSAR THEORY|1,2,5-THIADIAZOLIDIN-3-ONE 1,1-DIOXIDE|SERINE PROTEASES|MOLECULAR DYNAMICS|FLEXIBLE DESCRIPTORS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113932,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biomolecular studies by Circular Dichroism","resumen":"In this review, we shall outline the basic principles of circular dichroism (CD) indicating the types of structural information relevant to the study of biomolecules, such as proteins or DNA. We are mainly interested to show the utility of this technique to study protein-ligand, DNA-ligand and protein-DNA interactions","palabras_clave":"BIOMOLECULAR INTERACTION|PROTEIN|PEPTIDE|dna"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113933,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rheological properties of ovalbumin hydrogels as affected by surfactants addition","resumen":"The gel properties of ovalbumin mixtures with three different surfactants (sodium perfluorooctanoate,sodium octanoate and sodium dodecanoate) have been studied by rheological techniques. The gel elasticitieswere determined as a function of surfactant concentration and surfactant type. The fractal dimensionof the formed structures was evaluated from plots of storage modulus against surfactant concentration.The role of electrostatic, hydrophobic and disulfide SS interactions in these systems has beendemonstrated to be the predominant. The viscosity of these structures tends to increase with surfactantconcentration, except for the fluorinated one. Unfolded ovalbumin molecules tend to form fibrillarstructures that tend to increase with surfactant concentration, except for the fluorinated one. This facthas been related to the particular nature of this molecule.","palabras_clave":"GELS|COMPLEXATION|HYDROGENATED SURFACTANTS|PERFLURINATED SURFACTANTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113934,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Taxonomy and Distribution of Nonnapsylla Wagner, 1938 (Siphonaptera, Stephanocircidae, Craneopsyllinae)","resumen":"The genus Nonnapsylla Wagner, 1938 (Craneopsyllinae) includes only 1 species, Nonnapsylla rothschildi Wagner, 1938. Two subspecies are recognized by the shape of the dorsal margin of helmet, apical shape of the spines in helmet and genal combs, length of first and fourth segment of maxillary palpus, and shape of the tube of spermatheca. Here, we discuss the validity of these characters by analyzing information from the literature, as well as from direct observation of type specimens and specimens collected in northwestern Argentina. We conclude that Nonnapsylla rothschildi wagneri Johnson, 1957 should be considered as a synonym of the nominal subspecies. We also extend the southern limits of the distribution of the species, and report its presence in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Siphonaptera|Distribution|Argentina|Fleas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113935,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"History and Selection Imprinting on Genetic Relationships among Bovine Breeds analyzed trough five Genes Related with Marbling","resumen":"Many candidate genes have been suggested as responsible for marbling in beef cattle, for instance diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1, thyroglobulin, growth hormone, leptin and stearoyl CoA desaturase. The  objective of the present work was to evaluate the polymorphisms of &#64257;ve SNPs of these candidate genes in 389 animals of 18 Bos Taurus and Bos indicus breeds. The obtained results were compared with ones previously obtained with STRs and loci related to milk production in these populations. Moreover we analyzed whether the phylogenies reconstructed using SNPs associated with marbling resulted in the known tree topology. The tree constructed with UPGMA, using genetic distance DA, exhibit a topology partially consistent with the historical origin of breeds. The result observed in the Correspondence Analysis coincided with the topology of the UPGMA tree. This work allowed us to evaluate the &#64257;ve SNPs  genetic diversity and to demonstrate that the grouping of the breeds may be the result of its history, selection process, or both at once.","palabras_clave":"BOVINE|MARBLING|POLYMORPHISM|PHYLOGEOGRAPHY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113936,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Origin of Cuban Creole cattle inferred by patri- and matrilineages","resumen":"Cattle were absent from America before the discovery of the New World by Columbus in 1492. Initially, bovine were brought to Greater Antilles (La Española, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Cuba islands), and in the course of a few years, they were taken from Caribbean islands to the rest of Latin America. Nowadays, Cuban Creole cattle population is about 1300 heads, mainly located in the eastern region of the island. With the aim of analyzing mitochondrial (mtDNA) and Y chromosome  diversities in Cuban Creole cattle investigate the maternal origins and possible contemporaneous male mediated gene flow, 36 dams and 21 sires were genotyped for mitochondrial D-loop (nucleotide positions 16023\u201316262) and five Y chromosome microsatellites, respectively. Genetic diversity was evaluated through number of haplotypes, mean number of pairwise differences and nucleotide diversity. The phylogenetic analysis was performed using a median joining. A total of 15 mtDNA haplotypes were detected in the studied population (10 from the European haplogroup T3, 3 from the African T1, 1 from the Nearern East T2, and 1 ambiguous T1-T3). The number of polymorphic sites, the mean nucleotide diversity and the mean number of pairwise differences were 23, 0.014 and 3.36, respectively. Two patrilinages were detected, both belonging to the Y3 Zebu haplogroup. In conclusion, Cuban Creole cattle population had a mtDNA haplotypic composition similar to the observed in Creole and Mediterranean breeds, what is in concordance with the historical origin of this breed. Y chromosome analysis evidenced a male mediated process of zebu introgression.         ","palabras_clave":"CUBA|CREOLE|MITOCHONDRIAL DNA |CHROMOSOME Y|POLYMORPHISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113937,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Intra-amygdaloid microinjection of neuropeptide glutamic acid-isoleucine induces anxiety-like behavior","resumen":"The amygdaloid complex is involved in anxiety or fear responses to stressful stimuli. In this study the effect of neuropepetide-EI on anxiety-like behavior and its influence on adrenocortical function was tested in male Wistar rats that were injected bilaterally in the basolateral amygdala with neuropeptide-EI (1 µg\/1 µl) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid and placed in the plus maze. The plasma corticosterone levels were analyzed in controls and plus-maze exposed animals. Neuropeptide-EI in the basolateral amygdala significantly decreased the time spent in open arms but had no effect on locomotor activity, showing an anxiogenic effect. However, neuropeptide administration did not change serum corticosterone compared with vehicle controls. Our results suggest that the anxiogenic effect of neuropeptide-EI could be independent of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system.","palabras_clave":"Neuropeptide-EI |Amygdala |Plus-Maze |Anxiety"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113938,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La semilla de Salba (Salvia hispánica L) dietaria previene la esteatosis  hepática y dislipidemia inducida  en ratas normales por una dieta rica en sacarosa.","resumen":"El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar si un cambio en la grasa dietaria (aceite de maíz (AM)) por semilla de Salvia hispánica L.,variedad Salba (chía) induciría modificaciones en la actividad de enzimas clave de la  lipogénesis hepática (acetil CoA carboxilasa,sintetasa de ácidos grasos, glucosa -6-fosfato dehidrogenasa) que contribuyan a prevenir la esteatosis hepática y alteraciones lipídicas plasmáticas inducidas en ratas Wistar normales por la administración de una dieta rica en sacarosa (DRS) durante 3 semanas. Se utilizaron tres grupos de animales alimentados con: dieta control, DC (% p\/p: almidón 65.9, AM 11, proteínas 15), dieta DRS (% p\/p: sacarosa 65.9, AM 11, proteínas 15) y dieta DRS + chía(DRS donde el AM se reemplazó por chía). La presencia de chía en la dieta previno el aumento de la actividad de las enzimas lipogénicas evaluadas, observándose un contenido de triglicéridos en hígado y plasma similares al grupo DC. El alto contenido de ácido linolénico de la chía previene el incremento de la lipogénesis hepática ejerciendo un efecto hipolipemiante similar al observado con ácidos grasos n-3 de origen marino.","palabras_clave":"SEMILLA DE CHIA|LIPOGENESIS|DIETA RICA EN SACAROSA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113939,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CPG-ODN+IFN-g confer pro- and anti-inflammatory properties to peritoneal macrophages in aged mice","resumen":"Aging is accompanied by a disturbance in the homeostasis of the immune system. However, research into the behavior of macrophages in aging has shown disagreements about the functional status of these cells in aged mice. In this work, we studied the influence of aging on macrophage functions by evaluating the pro- and anti-inflammatory parameters of peritoneal macrophages preserved in their natural microenvironment. Resident peritoneal macrophages from old mice, in the context of their natural milieu, were found to respond with a similar phenotype and functional pattern to macrophages from young mice. In addition, we evaluated the macrophage response to CpG-ODN, a well-known Th1 promoter. CpG-ODN+IFN-&#947; were able to activate not only nitric oxide to initiate the inflammatory response, but also IL-12 in resident and inflammatory peritoneal macrophages from aged mice in the context of their natural milieu, although some quantitative differences were found in IL-10 and IL-12 secretion. With this stimulus, NO secretion and arginase activation were maintained in peritoneal macrophages during aging. These results will help to elucidate potential immunization strategies with CpG-ODN in the elderly.","palabras_clave":"Aging; |Arginase; |CpG-ODN; |IL-12; |Macrophages; |Nitric oxide"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113940,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Number of consumers necessary for survival analysis estimations based on each consumer evaluating a single sample","resumen":"The objective of the present work was to use simulation studies to estimate the number of consumers necessary to obtain valid estimations from survival analysis calculations where each consumer evaluates a single sample. Based on previous studies a Weibull model was assumed for the lifetime distribution with a shape parameter &#963; between 0.17 and 0.71. Simulations were calculated supposing shelf-life values in the middle range of an adimensional time scale. Graphs to estimate N under different scenarios are presented. Considering the average &#963;, an alpha value (Type I error) of 5%, a beta value (Type II error) of 20%, the shelf-life to be in the middle of the studied time range and a difference between the true shelf-life and the estimated shelf-life of 0.5 on a 0?6 time scale, gave an N value of 300 consumers for this particular set of parameters. As 6 time values were considered this means 50 consumers for each one of the storage times. In the present study time was taken as the reference variable, however the same calculations and conclusions are valid for other variables of interest, such as concentration or temperature, that replace the time variable in survival analysis calculations.","palabras_clave":"Number consumer|Survival|Shelf-life| Simulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113941,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"MODELLING OF ALKALI IMPREGNATION OF EUCALYPTUS WOOD","resumen":"In wood pulping processes, the quality of the impregnation stage has a significant influence on the final pulp properties. In this work, a refined version of a previously published model is used to analyze this operation stage. For liquor containing NaOH and Na2S, the study considers the reaction of wood acetyls and acidic groups. The Donnan effect is applied for analysis of ion concentrations in the wood-liquid interphase. The predicted concentration profiles are in acceptable agreement with the experimental results. The model is used afterward to simulate a batch or a cocurrent continuous kraft impregnation process. In the impregnating liquor, the alkali concentration is gradually reduced due to chemical reactions and alkali accumulation in the wood chips. The level of impregnation is finally analyzed considering different chip thickness values corresponding to an industrial chip stock sample.","palabras_clave":"REACTING IMPREGNATION|ALKALINE DIFFUSION|DYNAMIC EFFECTIVE CAPILLARITY|CHIP THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113942,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Improvement of paper properties of recycled unbleached softwood kraft pulps by poly(allylamine hydrochloride)","resumen":"Polyelectrolytes containing amine functional groups such as PAH (poly(allylamine hydrochloride)) can be useful, under certain conditions, for improving paper strength. In this work, the charge density of PAH was determined at different pH and ionic strengths; PAH adsorption onto the cellulosic fibers was characterized, and the effects of low PAH dosage on the papermaking properties were evaluated. It was found that the ionization of PAH is complete in acid media, but it is partial and depends on the ionic strength in neutral media. The adsorption isotherms of PAH on a recycled pulp from kraft liner allowed us to determine the amount needed to saturate the adsorption capacity of the fibers. For the three ionic strengths analyzed, the swelling of the fibers decreased when PAH was added in an amount corresponding to saturation (0.23% PAH on dried pulp). Nevertheless, the swelling was recovered when the amount of PAH was the double the saturation level (0.46% PAH on dried pulp). At these levels of addition, the papermaking properties were clearly improved, especially compressive strengths SCT (short compressive test) and CMT (concora medium test). The Page equation of tensile strength showed that PAH improved the shear bond strength, while the relative bonding area slightly decreased.","palabras_clave":"ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS|AMINE GROUPS-CONTAINING POLYMERS|CHARGE DENSITY|PAGE EQUATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113943,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ECOSYSTEMIC STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL APPROACH OF THE STATE AND TRANSITION MODEL","resumen":"Objective: To contribute to the integration of key ecological concepts such as dynamic equilibrium, critical threshold, resistance and resilience to the State and Transition Model (STM), in order to apply them in a more feasible way for rangeland management. Methods: Review and discussion of conceptual models and applied literature, including examples of rangeland dynamics. Results and Conclusions: We propose to enhance the STM considering two principal axes: (a) the x axis determined by structural ecosystem changes (vegetation and soil) and (b) the y axis determined by ecosystem functions and\/or processes (recruitment, rain use efficiency). These axes define what we will call Structural-Functional State and Transition Model (SFSTM). Both axes of SFSTM make it possible to determine and quantify states and transitions, critical thresholds and to evaluate the resistance and resilience of an ecosystem to a given disturbance. The critical threshold is identified by structural and functional thresholds (x and y axes), thus defining the point where the ecosystem loses its resilience. Furthermore, in the supplementary file we provide examples with field data from Patagonia to illustrate the SFSTM. The proposed SFSTM has large implications for rangeland research and management, facilitating the understanding and integration of key concepts to enhance the STM. The identification of variables to assess structure and processes makes the model more useful.","palabras_clave":"DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIM|RANGELAND ECOLOGY|RESILIENCE|THRESHOLDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113944,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cardiometabolic risk factors as apolipoprotein B, triglyceride\/HDL-cholesterol ratio and C-reactive protein, in adolescents with and without obesity: cross-sectional study in middle class suburban children","resumen":"BACKGROUND:   The   prevalence of obesity (OB), overweight (OW), and metabolic syndrome   (MS) has increased worldwide. That imposes a substantial risk for type 2   diabetes and premature cardiovascular disease. However, to date no   unified criteria exist to asses risk or outcomes in children and   adolescents.  OBJECTIVES:   To establish the presence of OB\/OW and MS and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents.  DESIGN AND SUBJECTS:   Male   (n = 514) and female (n = 429) adolescents from high school were   studied (11-14 yr). Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist   circumference (WC), and blood pressure were determined in all subjects.   Glucose, lipoprotein profile, apolipoprotein B (apoB), and   high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured.   Triglyceride\/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG\/HDL-cholesterol)   ratio was calculated.  RESULTS:   The   frequency of OB\/OW and MS were 22.2 and 3.7%, respectively. In   comparison to healthy adolescents, TG\/HDL-cholesterol ratio was   increased in OB\/OW (2.9 ± 2.5 vs. 1.6 ± 1.0) and MS groups (4.0 ± 2.5   vs. 1.6 ± 0.9), p &lt; 0.001. OB\/OW adolescents presented higher values   of hs-CRP in comparison to non-obese,   median (range): 1.9 (0.1-9.4) vs. 1.4 (0.1-9.9), mg\/L, p &lt; 0.001.   ApoB (mean ± SD) was 71 ± 21 mg\/dL in MS group and 59 ± 17 mg\/dL in   those without MS (p &lt; 0.001). TG\/HDL-cholesterol ratio positively   correlated with BMI (r = 0.18, p &lt; 0.001), WC (r = 0.24, p &lt;   0.001), and apoB (r = 0.24, p &lt; 0.001); hs-CRP correlated with WC (r =   0.14, p &lt; 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.17, p &lt; 0.001).  CONCLUSIONS:   Even   when the frequency of OB, OW, and MS in adolescents was low, those   subjects presented an atherogenic lipoprotein. These findings emphasize   the importance to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents to   assess strategies to prevent future disease.","palabras_clave":"CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS|APOLIPOPROTEIN B|OBESITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113945,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Metalloproteinases in metabolic syndrome","resumen":"Experimental and clinical evidence supports the concept that metalloproteinases (MMPs), beyond different  physiologic functions, also play a role in the development and rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque. Interest in  MMPs has been rapidly increasing during the last years, especially as they have been proposed as biomarkers  of vulnerable plaques. Different components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) have been identified as possible  stimulus for the synthesis and activity of MMPs, like pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state, hyperglycemia,  hypertension and dyslipidemia. On the other hand, anti-inflammatory cytokines like adiponectin are  inversely associated with MMPs. Among the several MMPs studied, collagenases (MMP-1 and MMP-8) and  gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) are the most associated with MS. Our aim was to summarize and discuss the  relation between different components of the MS on MMPs, as well as the effect of the cluster of the metabolic  alterations itself. It also highlights the necessity of further studies, in both animals and humans, to elucidate  the function of novel MMPs identified, as well as the role of the known enzymes in different steps of metabolic  diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of MS impact on MMPs and vice versa is an interesting area of  research that will positively enhance our understanding of the complexity of MS and atherosclerosis","palabras_clave":"METABOLIC SYNDROME|METALLOPROTEINASES|ABDOMINAL OBESITY|ATHEROSCLEROSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113946,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In Vitro functionality of isolated embryonic hypothalamic vasopressin-ergic and oxytocin-ergic neurons: modulatory effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and angiotensin II","resumen":"There are only a few studies on the ontogeny  and differentiation process of the hypothalamic supraopticparaventriculo-neurohypophysial neurosecretory system. In  vitro neuron survival improves if cells are of embryonic  origin; however, surviving hypothalamic neurons in culture  were found to express small and minimal amounts of  arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT), respectively. The aim of this study was to develop a primary  neuronal culture design applicable to the study of magnocellular hypothalamic system functionality. For this purpose, a primary neuronal culture was set up after  mechanical dissociation of sterile hypothalamic blocks  from 17-day-old Sprague\u2013Dawley rat embryos (E17) of  both sexes. Isolated hypothalamic cells were cultured with  supplemented (B27)-NeuroBasal medium containing an  agent inhibiting non-neuron cell proliferation. The neurosecretory process was characterized by detecting AVP and  OT secreted into the medium on different days of culture.  Data indicate that spontaneous AVP and OT release  occurred in a culture day-dependent fashion, being maximal on day 13 for AVP, and on day 10 for OT. Interestingly, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and  Angiotensin II (A II) were able to positively modulate  neuropeptide output. Furthermore, on day 17 of culture,  non-speci&#64257;c (high-KCl) and speci&#64257;c (Angiotensin II)  stimuli were able to signi&#64257;cantly (P&#65533;.05) enhance the  secretion of both neuropeptides over respective baselines.  This study suggests that our experimental design is useful  for the study of AVP- and OT-ergic neuron functionality  and that BDNF and A II are positive modulators of  embryonic hypothalamic cell development.","palabras_clave":"Magnocellular neurons|BDNF|Angiotensin II"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113947,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential diffusion effects on buoyancy-driven instabilities of acid-base fronts the case of a color indicator","resumen":"Buoyancy-driven hydrodynamic instabilities of acid\u2013base fronts are studied both experimentallyand theoretically in the case where an aqueous solution of a strong acid is put above a denseraqueous solution of a color indicator in the gravity field. The neutralization reaction between theacid and the color indicator as well as their differential diffusion modifies the initially stabledensity profile in the system and can trigger convective motions both above and below the initialcontact line. The type of patterns observed as well as their wavelength and the speed of thereaction front are shown to depend on the value of the initial concentrations of the acid and ofthe color indicator and on their ratio. A reaction-diffusion model based on charge balances andion pair mobility explains how the instability scenarios change when the concentration of thereactants are varied.","palabras_clave":"Instabilities"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113948,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La reducción de la mortalidad infantil en Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay. Entre intenciones, logros y desafíos","resumen":"La importancia de la reducción de la mortalidad infantil es reconocida internacionalmente en distintos tratados de Derechos Humanos, entre ellos la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño (CDN) y se refuerza con metas cuantificables en los planes de acción de las conferencias basadas en los mismos, a los que Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay adhieren. A veinte años de ratificada la CDN, nos preguntamos en qué medida la reducción de la mortalidad infantil en estos países ha sido suficiente para alcanzar las metas establecidas. Nos interesa conocer cuáles son los logros alcanzados y los temas pendientes para dar cumplimiento a los compromisos asumidos ante la comunidad internacional. En base a información publicada por los institutos nacionales de estadística y por el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE - División de Población de la CEPAL), se concluye que Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay han realizado importantes logros en la reducción de la mortalidad infantil, de manera que habrían conseguido la meta de reducción en un tercio el nivel de la mortalidad infantil entre los años 1990 y 2000. Sin embargo,  a pesar de haber continuado el descenso en años posteriores, el ritmo no sería suficiente para alcanzar las metas planteadas para el año 2010 ni para el año 2015. En cuanto a las metas relacionadas a la disminución de las brechas entre sectores sociales, la situación es más preocupante ya que las diferencias se mantienen en valores inaceptables. Por estos motivos, los países deberían redoblar los esfuerzos para dar cumplimiento a dichos compromisos.","palabras_clave":"Mortalidad infantil|Derechos Humanos|equidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113949,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La reducción de la mortalidad infantil desde un enfoque de derechos. Una comparación entre Argentina y Brasil","resumen":"El presente artículo propone indagar sobre   los avances logrados    en la reducción de la mortalidad infantil en   Argentina y Brasil a partir de    1990 con una mirada desde los derechos   humanos. Bajo esta óptica, se pone especial    énfasis en algunos de   los principios fundamentales en los que ellos se basan    y que están   presentes en todos sus instrumentos: 'los estados son los principales      titulares de obligaciones', 'el avance y no retrocesión' y 'la igualdad   y no    discriminación' en el ejercicio de los derechos. Así, además de   buscar la reducción    del nivel general de la mortalidad infantil \u2013   como plantearía una política de    desarrollo \u2013 el enfoque de derechos   humanos propone un avance sistemático en    el ejercicio del derecho que   alcance a toda la población, por lo que prioriza    la reducción de las   brechas entre sectores sociales. Se utiliza información    publicada   por los institutos nacionales de estadística y por el Centro   Latinoamericano    y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE \u2013 División de   Población de la CEPAL). Entre    los principales resultados se observa   que las tendencias de la mortalidad infantil    en los países presentan   importantes reducciones, por lo que se estaría cumpliendo    con el   principio de 'avance y no retrocesión'. Sin embargo, los progresos   logrados    se tornarían insuficientes para alcanzar en todos los casos   los valores comprometidos    en las conferencias internacionales. Más   preocupante es el incumplimiento del    principio de 'igualdad y no   discriminación'. La limitada información disponible    permite observar   que en algunos casos la reducción de las brechas entre sectores      sociales es escasa y en ocasiones nula.","palabras_clave":"Mortalidad|Derechos|Argentina|Brasil"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113950,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"South American Camelid Illegal Traffic Detection by Means of  Molecular Markers","resumen":"South American camelids comprise the wild species guanaco and vicuña and their respective domestic  relatives llama and alpaca. The aim of the present study was to determine by DNA analysis to which of these species belong a herd of camelids confiscated from a llama breeder but alleged to be alpacas by the prosecution, and to evaluate the usefulness of mitochondrial and autosomal DNA markers to solve judicial cases involving camelid taxa. Cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial genes and 7 STR were analyzed in 25 confiscated samples. Mitochondrial results were inconclusive because 18 of the sequestered samples presented haplotypes that corresponded to the guanaco haplogroup and the remaining seven belonged to a vicuña linage. Microsatellite data of casework samples and llama reference samples revealed different genetic profiles by the presence of private alleles at two microsatellites suggesting that the confiscated animals could be alpaca, or at least alpaca hybrids","palabras_clave":"MTDNA|CYT B GENE|COXI GENE|STR LOCI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113951,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The HII region G35.673-00.847: another case of triggered star formation?","resumen":"Aims. As part of a systematic study that we are performing to increase the observational evidence of triggered star formation in the surroundings of HII regions, we analyze the ISM around the HII region G35.673-00.847, a poorly studied source. Methods. Using data from the large-scale surveys Two Micron All Sky Survey, Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE), MIPSGAL, Galactic Ring Survey (GRS), VLA Galactic Plane Survey (VGPS), and NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS), we performed a multiwavelength study of G35.673-00.847 and its surroundings. Results. The mid-IR emission shows that G35.673-00.847 has an almost semi-ring like shape with a cut towards the galactic west. The radius of this semi-ring is about 1.5 arcmin&nbsp;(1.6 pc, at the distance of&nbsp; 3.7 kpc). The distance was estimated from an HI absorption study and the analysis of the molecular gas. We find a molecular shell composed of several clumps distributed around the HII region, suggesting that its expansion is collecting the surrounding material. We identify several YSO candidates across the molecular shell. Finally, comparing the HII region dynamical age and the fragmentation time of the molecular shell, we discard the so-called collect and collapse as being the mechanism responsible for the YSO&nbsp; formation, suggesting that other processes such as radiative-driven implosion and\/or small-scale Jeans gravitational instabilities operate.","palabras_clave":"HII REGIONS|ISM: CLOUDS|STARS: FORMATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113952,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rareness and specialization in plant-pollinator networks","resumen":"Most rare species appear to be specialists in plant\u2013pollinator networks. This observation could result either from real ecological processes or from sampling artifacts. Several methods have been proposed to overcome these artifacts, but they have the limitation of being based on visitation data, causing interactions involving rare visitor species to remain undersampled. We propose the analysis of food composition in bee trap nests to assess the reliability of network specialization estimates. We compared data from a plant\u2013pollinator network in the Monte Desert of Villavicencio Nature Reserve, Argentina, sampled by visit observation, and data from trap nests sampled at the same time and location. Our study shows that trap nest sampling was good for estimating rare species degree. The rare species in the networks appear to be more specialized than they really are, and the bias in the estimation of the species degree increases with the rareness. The low species degree of these rare species in the visitation networks results from insufficient sampling of the rare interactions, which could have important consequences for network structure","palabras_clave":"MONTE DESERT|VILLAVICENCIO NATURE RESERVE|ARGENTINA, |PLANTPOLLINATOR NETWORKS|RARE SPECIES|SAMPLING ARTIFACT|SOLITARY BEES|SPECIALISTS|SPECIES DEGREE|TRAP NEST"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113953,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural-functional characterization and physiological significance of ferredoxin-NADP reductase from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri.","resumen":"Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri is a phytopathogen bacterium that causes severe citrus canker disease. Similar to other phytopathogens, after infection by this bacterium, plants trigger a defense mechanism that produces reactive oxygen species. Ferredoxin-NADP+ reductases (FNRs) are redox flavoenzymes that participate in several metabolic functions, including the response to reactive oxygen species. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri has a gene (fpr) that encodes for a FNR (Xac-FNR) that belongs to the subclass I bacterial FNRs. The aim of this work was to search for the physiological role of this enzyme and to characterize its structural and functional properties. The functionality of Xac-FNR was tested by cross-complementation of a FNR knockout Escherichia coli strain, which exhibit high susceptibility to agents that produce an abnormal accumulation of O2-. Xac-FNR was able to substitute for the FNR in E. coli in its antioxidant role. The expression of fpr in X. axonopodis pv. citri was assessed using semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. A 2.2-fold induction was observed in the presence of the superoxide-generating agents methyl viologen and 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. Structural and functional studies showed that Xac-FNR displayed different functional features from other subclass I bacterial FNRs. Our analyses suggest that these differences may be due to the unusual carboxy-terminal region. We propose a further classification of subclass I bacterial FNRs, which is useful to determine the nature of their ferredoxin redox partners. Using sequence analysis, we identified a ferredoxin (XAC1762) as a potential substrate of Xac-FNR. The purified ferredoxin protein displayed the typical broad UV-visible spectrum of [4Fe-4S] clusters and was able to function as substrate of Xac-FNR in the cytochrome c reductase activity. Our results suggest that Xac-FNR is involved in the oxidative stress response of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and performs its biological function most likely through the interaction with ferredoxin XAC1762.       ","palabras_clave":"FERREDOXIN-NADP(H) REDUCTASE|XANTHOMONAS AXONOPODIS PV. CITRI|FERREDOXIN XAC1762"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113954,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"¿Es el cociente normalizado internacional un factor pronóstico de mortalidad en hemorragias intracerebrales?","resumen":"El uso de anticoagulantes orales (ACO) es considerado predictor independiente de mortalidad en pacientes con hemorragias intracerebrales (HIC), siendo incierto el rol del cociente normalizado internacional (INR). El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la asociación entre la ACO y el valor del INR, y el volumen de los HIC, así como determinar la relación entre ambas variables y la mortalidad.Se analizaron retrospectivamente todos los pacientes con HIC incluidos en el registro cerebrovascular del Hospital Privado de Comunidad, entre diciembre de 2003 y mayo de 2009 inclusive. Los volúmenes de los hematomas (variable dependiente) se calcularon sobre la primera imagen realizada, utilizando el método abc\/2. Las variables independientes fueron edad, sexo, factores de riesgo vascular, localización del sangrado, volcado intraventricular, gravedad clínica (escala de Glasgow), tiempo para la realización de la imagen, antiagregación y valor del RIN al ingreso. También se analizó la relación entre todas las variables mencionadas y la mortalidad.Se identificó a 327 pacientes con HIC (35 recibían ACO). Fue mayor la mediana de volumen de los anticoagulados (55ml vs 24ml p<0,05), no encontrándose asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el volumen y las demás variables. En el análisis multivariable se observó mayor mortalidad estadísticamente significativa asociada al volumen, no así a la anticoagulación.","palabras_clave":"Hemorragia cerebral|Volumen|Anticoagulación|Cociente normalizado internacional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113955,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR MOBILE ROBOTS IN TRAJECTORY TRACKING USING RADIAL BASIS FUNCTION NEURAL NETWORKS","resumen":"This paper propose an Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) for mobile robotsfor which stability conditions and performance evaluation are given. The proposed control structurecombines a feedback linearization model, based on a kinematics nominal model, and a direct neural network-based adaptive dynamics control. The architecture of the dynamic control is basedon radial basis functions neural networks (RBF-NN) to construct the MRAC controller. The parameters of the adaptive dynamic controller are adjusted according to a law derived using Lyapunov stability theory and the centers of the RBF are adapted using the supervised algorithm.The resulting MRAC controller is efficient and robust in the sense that it succeeds to achieve a good tracking performance with a small computational effort. Stability result for the adaptive neuro-control system is given. It is proved that control errors are ultimately bounded as a function of the approximation error of the RBF-NN. Experimental results showing the practical feasibility and performance of the proposed approach to mobile robotics are given.","palabras_clave":"Systems identification|Adaptive neural nets|Mobile robot control"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113956,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adaptive Neural Dynamic Compensator for Mobile Robots in Trajectory Tracking Control","resumen":"In the present paper, it will be reported original results concerning the application of Neural Networks (NN) in mobile robot in trajectory tracking control. This work combines a feedback linearization based on a nominal model and an NN adaptive dynamic compensation. In mobile robot with uncertain dynamic parameters, two controllers are implemented separately: a kinematic controller and an inverse dynamic controller. The uncertainty in the nominal dynamic model is compensated by a neural adaptive feedback controller. The resulting adaptive controller is efficient and robust in the sense that it succeeds to achieve a good tracking performance with a small computational effort. The learning laws were deduced by Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, the performance of the control system is verified through experiments.","palabras_clave":"Adaptive inverse control|RBF neural networks|Mobile robots|Lyapunov theory"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113957,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"On experimental vs. theoretically calculated properties of thiadiazole derivatives","resumen":"The recently published results of a theoretical calculation of thephysicochemical properties of acenaphtho[1,2-c]- and phenanthro[9,10-c]-1,2,5-thiadiazole 1,1-dioxide, using a modified density functional theory (CHIH-DFT), arecompared with our experimental results. The CHIH-DFT-calculated IR spectra of bothcompounds are also compared with those obtained using relatively simple RHFcalculations. It is concluded that, in these cases, the improvements claimed for the newmodel chemistry are marginal. The IR spectra of three new derivatives of 1,2,5-thiadiazole are also reported and calculated.","palabras_clave":"1,2,5-thiadiazole derivatives|heterocycles|model chemistries;|DFT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113958,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fusarium species (section Liseola) occurrence and natural incidence of beauvericin, fusaproliferin and fumonisins in maize hybrids harvested in Mexico","resumen":"Fusarium species can produce fumonisins (FBs), fusaric acid, beauvericin (BEA), fusaproliferin (FUS) and moniliformin. Data on the natural occurrence of FBs have been widely reported, but information on BEA and FUS in maize is limited. The aims of this study were to establish the occurrence of Fusarium species in different maize hybrids in Mexico, to determine the ability of Fusarium spp. isolates to produce BEA, FUS and FBs and their natural occurrence in maize. Twenty-eight samples corresponding to seven different maize hybrids were analyzed for mycobiota and natural mycotoxin contamination by LC. Fusarium verticillioides was the dominant species (44\u201380%) followed by F. subglutinans (13\u201337%) and F. proliferatum (2\u201316%). Beauvericin was detected in three different hybrids with levels ranging from 300 to 400 ng g&#8722;1, while only one hybrid was contaminated with FUS (200 ng g&#8722;1). All samples were positive for FB1 and FB2 contamination showing levels up to 606 and 277 ng g&#8722;1, respectively. All F. verticillioides isolates were able to produce FB1 (13.8\u20134,860 ìg g&#8722;1) and some also produced FB2 and FUS. Beauvericin, FUS, FB1 and FB2 were produced by several isolates including F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans and co-production was observed. This is the first report on the co-occurrence of these toxins in maize samples from Mexico. The analysis of the presence of multiple mycotoxins in this substrate is necessary to understand the significance of these compounds in the human and animal food chains. ","palabras_clave":"FUSARIUM SECTION LISEOLA|FUSAPROLIFERIN|BEAUVERICIN|FUMONISIN|MAIZE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113959,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Trichothecene genotypes and chemotypes in Fusarium graminearum strains isolated from wheat in Argentina","resumen":"Argentina is the fourth largest exporter of wheat in the world. The main pathogen associated with Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) of wheat in Argentina is Fusarium graminearum lineage 7 also termed F. graminearum sensu stricto in the F. graminearum species complex, which can produce the Type B trichothecenes, usually deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated forms (3-ADON and 15-ADON) or nivalenol (NIV). We used a multiplex PCR assay of Tri3, Tri7, and Tri13 to determine the trichothecene genotype of 116 strains F. graminearum collected from three locations in Argentina and then verified the chemotype by chemical analysis. PCR assays and chemical analyses gave the same results for all strains that produced trichothecenes. Most strains (&gt;&nbsp;92%) had the 15-ADON genotype, with the remaining strains having the DON\/NIV genotype. We observed neither the NIV nor the 3-ADON genotypes amongst the strains evaluated. The nine strains with the DON\/NIV genotype produced DON when analyzed chemically. Thus, the Argentinean populations of F. graminearum are similar to those from wheat elsewhere in the world, in that all the strains produced DON\/15-ADON and belong to lineage 7. However approximately 8% of the strains tested were incorrectly diagnosed as DON\/NIV producers with the current multiplex PCR and were only DON producers by chemical analysis.","palabras_clave":"TRICHOTHECENE|FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM; |WHEAT|DEOXYNIVALENOL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113960,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular characterization and toxigenic profile of Aspergillus section Nigri populations isolated from the main grape growing regions in Argentina","resumen":"Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the biodiversity of Aspergillus section Nigri populations from Argentinean vineyards by morphological, toxigenic and AFLP analysis.    Materials and methods: Five hundred and thirty-eight strains were isolated from grapes during 2006\/07 and 2007\/08 vintages. The morphological identification and toxigenic profile for all strains isolated were performed. Eighty-eight strains were selected for characterization at species level by AFLP markers. Cluster analysis showed a clear separation into four main groups: A. carbonarius, A. tubingensis, A. niger\u2018aggregate\u2019 and Aspergillus\u2018uniseriate\u2019. A. carbonarius strains constituted a homogeneous group, while a high degree of genetic diversity was found within the A. niger\u2018aggregate\u2019 and \u2018A.  uniseriate\u2019 clusters. The A. tubingensis cluster was the most prevalent group and was clearly separated from A. niger\u2018aggregate\u2019. Ten strains showed 45% homology with A. tubingensis FRR 5720 ex-type strain and were considered as \u2018atypical\u2019 or a closely related species. AFLP results indicate that no genotypical differences can be established between ochratoxigenic and nonochratoxigenic strains.    Conclusions: Aspergillus section Nigri populations on grapes were represented mainly by four groups. A. tubingensis species were separated from A. niger\u2018aggregate\u2019 group and some of their strains produced OTA.    Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides new data on molecular characterization of Aspergillus section Nigri populations in Argentina.","palabras_clave":"AFLP markers|Aspergillus section Nigri|genetic diversity|grapes|ochratoxin A"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113961,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Survey of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in soybean and soy meal from Argentina using immunoaffinity clean-up and high performance liquid chromatography","resumen":"Soybean and soy meal samples collected during the harvest season 2008-2009in the soybean-growing area of Córdoba Province in Argentina were analysed for T-2 and HT-2 toxins occurrence. These mycotoxins were detected using HPLC analysis with fluorescence detection after derivatisation with l-anthronylnitrile and immunoaffinity column clean-up. Characteristics of in-house validated method such as accuracy, precision, detection and quantification limits were defined by means of recovery test with spiked soybean and soy meal samples. Mean recoveries for T-2 within the spiking range 125-500 j..Lg\/kgw,ere 90.9 and 81.3%for soybean and soy meal, respectively with awithin laboratory relative standard deviation &lt;10%.Analysis of samples spiked with HT-2 in the same range gave a mean recovery of 70.2 and 77.5% for soybean and soy meal, respectively, with relative standard deviations &lt;12%. The limit of detection for the method was 25 j..Lg\/kg for T-2 and HT-2, based on a signal-to-noise ratio 3:1 and the limit of quantification was established as three times the detection limit. Out of 64 samples, only two soybean samples showed contamination with A-type trichothecenes evaluated. Confirmatory analyses of the contaminated samples were performed by LC-MS\/MS. This study demonstrated low incidences and levels of T-2 and HT-2 in soybean harvested among the areas in the Cordoba Province.","palabras_clave":"T-2 TOXIN|HT-2 TOXIN|SOYBEAN|HPLC-FLD|IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMN|1-ANTHRONYLNITRILE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113962,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bacterial retention in three soils of the Rolling Pampa, Argentina, under simulated rainfall","resumen":"Bacterial retention by soils is a key factor in predicting bacterial transport through surface runoff into water bodies. The objective was to evaluate biological, soil&nbsp; and hydrologic factors that affect bacterial retention&nbsp; in&nbsp; three&nbsp; soil&nbsp; types&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; Rolling&nbsp; Pampa,&nbsp; Argentina.&nbsp; Simulated&nbsp; rainfall&nbsp; was&nbsp; applied&nbsp; on&nbsp; field plots&nbsp; previously&nbsp; inoculated&nbsp; with&nbsp; Escherichia&nbsp; coli&nbsp; and&nbsp; simultaneously&nbsp; biological&nbsp; variables&nbsp; such&nbsp; as bacterial&nbsp; adsorption&nbsp; and&nbsp; distribution&nbsp; coefficient&nbsp; were&nbsp; measured&nbsp; at&nbsp; laboratory.&nbsp; Soil&nbsp; variables, particularly&nbsp; pH,&nbsp; exchangeable&nbsp; sodium&nbsp; percentage&nbsp; and&nbsp; organic&nbsp; carbon&nbsp; as&nbsp; well&nbsp; as&nbsp; biological&nbsp; variables proved&nbsp; to&nbsp; be&nbsp; important&nbsp; properties&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; regulation&nbsp; of&nbsp; bacterial&nbsp; retention&nbsp; processes.&nbsp; There&nbsp; were&nbsp; no significant differences between the biological variables measured in soils and in the sediments. Most of the microorganisms in the runoff from all sites were either free of (in the &lt; 2 &#956;m sediment fraction) or associated with small soil particles (2 to 50 &#956;m), therefore management practices, such as filter strips, should be regarded with caution when implemented.","palabras_clave":"FECAL CONTAMINATION|BACTERIAL TRANSPORT|BACTERIAL ADSORPTION|DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENT|RUNOFF"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113963,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparative toxicity of oxygenated monoterpenoids in experimental hydroalcoholic lotions to permethrin-resistant adult head lice","resumen":"The use of botanical compounds such as essentialoils has recently become the subject of great interest as anatural means of pest control because of their ovicidal, larvicidal,or adulticidal activity against various insect speciesincluding head lice. We tested and compared the efficacy ofpure oxygenated monoterpenoids that are main ingredientsof essential oils of good biological activity. We used pulegoneand citral, components of Aloysia citrodora, and geraniol, citronellol, and linalool, components of Geraniumgeraniol, citronellol, and linalool, components of GeraniumAloysia citrodora, and geraniol, citronellol, and linalool, components of GeraniumGeranium sp. oil. We found that citronellol and geraniol showed thehighest knockdown and mortality effect ([60%) on adults of both sexes (50:50%) and third-stage nymphs. Pulegone,linalool, and citral showed knockdown percentages between42 and 55%, and mortality percentages between 47 and 53%.A simple linear regression analysis showed statisticallysignificant relationships between the studied toxic effectsand viscosity of the monoterpenoids (p0.05), but not with their partition coefficient (log P).their partition coefficient (log P).both sexes (50:50%) and third-stage nymphs. Pulegone,linalool, and citral showed knockdown percentages between42 and 55%, and mortality percentages between 47 and 53%.A simple linear regression analysis showed statisticallysignificant relationships between the studied toxic effectsand viscosity of the monoterpenoids (p0.05), but not with their partition coefficient (log P).their partition coefficient (log P).[60%) on adults of both sexes (50:50%) and third-stage nymphs. Pulegone,linalool, and citral showed knockdown percentages between42 and 55%, and mortality percentages between 47 and 53%.A simple linear regression analysis showed statisticallysignificant relationships between the studied toxic effectsand viscosity of the monoterpenoids (p0.05), but not with their partition coefficient (log P).their partition coefficient (log P).p0.05), but not with their partition coefficient (log P).P).","palabras_clave":"HEAD LICE|MONOTERPENOIDS|PERMETHRIN RESISTANT|STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY CORRELATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113964,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Calcium and silica biomineralizations in leaves of eleven aquatic species of the Pampean Plain, Argentina","resumen":"Calcium oxalate cristal and silicophytolith assemblages were investigated in leaves of eleven aquatic species from habitats of the Argentinean Pampean Plain. Calcium oxalate druses and raphide bundles mainly occurred in leaf parenchyma and aerenchyma. Druses were observed in Alternanthera philoxeroides, Ludwigia peploides, Polygonum hydropiperoides and Rumex crispus; andraphidebundlesin L. peploides and Typha latifolia. Nocalciumoxalatecrystalswereobservedin Bidens laevis, Mikania parodii, Solanum glaucophyllum, Ranunculus apiifolius or theJuncaceae family. Druse density ranged between 14.62±3.09 (R. crispus) to39.6±7.2 crystalsmm&#8722;2 (P. hydropiperoides), and raphide bundle density ranged between7.55±1.36 (L. peploides) to20.55±5.19 crystalsmm&#8722;2 (T. latifolia). Silicification mainly occurred in epidermal cells and xylem. Juncus spp., S. glaucophyllum, B. laevis, M. parodii and R. apiifolius produced abundant and diverse phytolith morphotypes.The rest of the species produced very few (L. peploides, P. hydropiperoides, A. philoxeroides) or no identifiable phytoliths (T. latifolia, R. crispus). Silica content ranged from 0.07(T. latifolia) to 4.7% dry weight (S. glaucophyllum). ","palabras_clave":"BIOMINERALIZATION|CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTAL|SILICOPHYTOLITH|MACROPHYTE|PAMPEAN PLAIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113965,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Unraveling plant responses to bacterial pathogens through proteomics","resumen":"Plant pathogenic bacteria cause diseases in important crops and seriously and negatively impact agricultural production. Therefore, an understanding of the mechanisms by which plants resist bacterial infection at the stage of the basal immune response or mount a successful specific R-dependent defense response is crucial since a better understanding of the biochemical and cellular mechanisms underlying these interactions will enable molecular and transgenic approaches to crops with increased biotic resistance. In recent years, proteomics has been used to gain in-depth understanding of many aspects of the host defense against pathogens and has allowed monitoring differences in abundance of proteins as well as posttranscriptional and posttranslational processes, protein activation\/inactivation, and turnover. Proteomics also offers a window to study protein trafficking and routes of communication between organelles. Here, we summarize and discuss current progress in proteomics of the basal and specific host defense responses elicited by bacterial pathogens.","palabras_clave":"PROTEOMICS|PLANT-PATHOGEN INTERACTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113966,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Apparent selective advantage of leucism in a coastal population of Southern caracaras (Falconidae)","resumen":"Background: Southern caracaras are medium-sized raptors with a large range stretching to the southern tip of South America. An aberrant, leucistic plumage is found commonly along the coast of Chubut Province (Patagonia, Argentina). Leucistic birds do not produce dark melanin in their feathers. However, they are not albinos because their eyes are not red. No genetic studies of caracara plumages are known. Hypothesis: The high frequency of leucistic birds in Chubut&nbsp; Province arises because of natural selection. Methods: Map the distribution of leucistic individuals relative to normal individuals. Combine a variety of anecdotal natural history observations, collected over 20 years, into a logical inference.Observations: Leucistic caracaras were found only along a 250-km stretch of rocky oceanic islands and continental outcrops with large seabird colonies in Chubut Province. In the rest oftheir range, Southern caracaras have dark plumage. Where they do occur, leucistic birds are frequent and co-occur with dark-plumaged birds. Intermediate individuals, presumably&nbsp; heterozygotes, exist. Leucism is not related to age or sex. Leucistic individuals are restricted toa particular habitat. Gene flow has not homogenized the coastal and inland populations.Results: Leucism is not simply due to inbreeding producing more homozygous individuals. Leucism is not due to genetic drift. Leucism is not an environmental effect on individual physiology or development. Leucism is not a transient (plastic) phenomenon. Where they occur frequently, leucistic Southern caracaras are apparently favoured by natural selection, either directly or by pleiotropy.","palabras_clave":"albinism|Caracara plancus|colour|inbreeding|leucism|polymorphism|selection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113967,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lizards as conservation targets in Argentinean Patagonia","resumen":"Patagonia is considered a region of high conservation priority due to its outstanding and representative habitats and high endemism. The purpose of this study is to assess the degree of representation of Patagonian lizards in the existing protected area network, and to identify conservation priority areas that may help expand the current system. We obtained locality data for all Patagonian species from differentsources and used them, together with environmental variables, to model their potential distribution. We then used a reserve-selection algorithm to assess the performance of the existing protected area networkin representing all lizard species, and to identify new priority areas. Our results indicate that the existing protected areas fail to protect 10 of the 60 species modeled. To protect at least 5% of the geographicdistribution of all species, the existing reserve network would need an additional 3.7% of the study area, whereas to protect at least 10% of the distribution of species, an extra 9.9% would be needed. We foundeleven main priority areas needed to protect at least 5% or 10% of the distribution of all species of lizards.In conclusion, the current reserve network is not very effective at protecting the lizards of Patagonia, particularly those species with range-restricted distributions. We hope that this contribution will helpdirect conservation efforts in the region, by maximising the protection of biodiversity.","palabras_clave":"SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS|PRIORITY AREAS|REPTILES|ZONATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113968,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Middle slope contourite deposits and associated sedimentary facies off NE Argentina","resumen":"The Argentine continental margin is characterised by a large contourite depositional system driven by southern-sourced water masses flowing at different water depths. Interest in contourite deposits is increasing in geoscience and related fields, though knowledge of the Argentine contourite system is still limited. In particular, studies based on core data addressing the detailed descriptions of the sedimentary facies are lacking, as are studies providing an analysis of the factors controlling sedimentary processes or assessing the principal sediment source area. This study combines a visual core description and data on the downcore grain size distribution along with petrographic thin section and magnetic susceptibility analyses of fourteen cores from water depths of 616 - 1208 m to characterise the contourite deposits at the northern Argentinean slope at intermediate depths. Gravelrich, sandy-silty and muddy contourites, as well as hemipelagic facies, were identified. The deposition of these contourites was presumably controlled by sea level, the depth range of the Antarctic water mass, climate conditions and the wind-borne terrigenous supply. During glacial lowstands, muddy contourites were deposited at depths &lt; 900 m, whereas sandy-silty sequences dominated at deeper depths. During the Late Pleistocene-Holocene transition, sandy-silty contourites covered the entire area. Hemipelagic facies draped limited sectors of the middle slope when the sea level reached the present-day position and when gravel-rich contourites became restricted to contouritic channels and moats. Northern Patagonia and southern Pampa are the most plausible sources for sediments deposited via along-slope processes, whereas the Tandilia Range is the best candidate for sediments deposited via down-slope processes.","palabras_clave":"NNNNN|NNNN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113970,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"An endophytic bacterium isolated from roots of the halophyte Prosopis strombulifera produces ABA, IAA, gibberellins A1 and A3 and jasmonic acid in chemically-defined culture medium","resumen":"This paper informs the characterization by16SrDNA partial sequence analysis of an endophytic diazotrophicbacterium isolated from roots of the halophyteshrub Prosopis strombulifera. The bacterium produced ABA, IAA, GA1, GA3 and jasmonic acid in chemicallydefined culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.ABA, IAA, GA1, GA3 and jasmonic acid in chemicallydefined culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.Prosopis strombulifera. The bacterium produced ABA, IAA, GA1, GA3 and jasmonic acid in chemicallydefined culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.1, GA3 and jasmonic acid in chemicallydefined culture medium as assessed by GC-EIMS. Theresults emphasize the role of phytohormones produced byendophytic bacteria in the association host-beneficialmicroorganisms, especially under conditions of adverseenvironments.","palabras_clave":"Plant growth promoting bacteria |Prosopis strombulifera  |ABA|gibberellins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113971,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Variabilidad epigenética en plantas y evolución","resumen":"Uno de los mecanismos más importante en la evolución de las plantas es la hibridación interespecífica. Este mecanismo  induce cambios en el genoma que abarcan tanto alteraciones genéticas como epigenéticas. Estudios recientes muestran que  los cambios epigenéticos generan variantes alélicas llamadas \u201Cepialelos\u201D que pueden tener consecuencias morfológicas,  fisiológicas y ecológicas de importancia en la evolución de las plantas. Los epialelos constituyen una nueva fuente de variabilidad  que se suma a la variabilidad genética. Desde un punto de vista evolutivo la variabilidad generada por mecanismos  epigenéticos amplía la variabilidad genética ya que aparecen nuevos epialelos que pueden ser seleccionados en poblaciones  naturales. Además, las variantes epialélicas son potencialmente reversibles y generarían fenotipos más flexibles capaces de  adaptarse a ambientes cambiantes. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir los mecanismos epigenéticos conocidos y  analizar su relación con la hibridación interespecífica y su influencia en la evolución de las plantas.","palabras_clave":"EPIGENÉTICA|EVOLUCIÓN|VARIABILIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113972,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Paisajes culturales de Argentina: Pasado y presente desde las  perspectivas etnobotánica y paleoetnobotánica","resumen":"Desde los enfoques etnobotánico y paleoetnobotánico, el concepto de paisaje adquiere la dimensión de fenómeno biocultural  en el sentido de que es un ambiente físico-cultural e históricamente determinado. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar cuenta de  la construcción, el uso y la percepción de distintos paisajes culturales en Argentina por medio del análisis de distintos estudios  en referencia al uso del entorno vegetal en regiones tales como el Noroeste, Noreste, Patagonia y Cuyo. Se incluyeron trabajos  tanto de comunidades humanas contemporáneas como del pasado con abordajes metodológicos provenientes de la etnobotánica,  la etnohistoria y la paleoetnobotánica. Los resultados señalan que las distintas sociedades del pasado y del presente  no sólo interactuaron con la heterogeneidad ambiental, sino también han creado heterogeneidad biocultural en el paisaje  por medio de la domesticación, el manejo sucesional y el uso múltiple del ambiente. La inclusión de la cultura en una perspectiva  de paisaje es vital para la comprensión de procesos de cambio y debiera ser incorporada a otras miradas académicas  que conciben a la Naturaleza alejada y despojada del ser humano.  Palabras clave: paisajes, sistemas culturales, domesticación, percepción ambiental.","palabras_clave":"PAISAJE|SISTEMAS CULTURALES|DOMESTICACION|PERCEPCION AMBIENTAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113973,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"?\tIncorporación y aprehensión de saberes sobre plantas útiles a  partir del juego: prácticas de extensión en botánica aplicada.","resumen":"A partir de la concepción de que la extensión universitaria constituye un pilar conceptual e ideológico de la Universidad Reformista junto a la enseñanza y la investigación, se desarrollan prácticas que vinculan las investigaciones sobre etnobotánica aplicada con la tarea docente en Botánica Aplicada y su transferencia a la resolución de problemas cotidianos. Se presentan los resultados de una experiencia destinada a niños y jóvenes que están sometidos a internación hospitalaria que, a través del juego, vincula vegetales de uso habitual con los saberes vigentes en distintos ámbitos.","palabras_clave":"Etnobotánica Aplicada|Juegos educativos|Extensión Universitaria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113974,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ursodeoxycholic acid in cholestasis: linking action mechanisms to therapeutic applications","resumen":"UDCA (ursodeoxycholic acid) is the therapeutic agent most widely used for the treatment of cholestatic hepatopathies. Its use has expanded to other kinds of hepatic diseases, and even to extrahepatic ones. Such versatility is the result of its multiple mechanisms of action. UDCA stabilizes plasma membranes against cytolysis by tensioactive bile acids accumulated in cholestasis. UDCA also halts apoptosis by preventing the formation of mitochondrial pores,membrane recruitment of death receptors and endoplasmic-reticulum stress. In addition, UDCA induces changes in the expression of metabolizing enzymes and transporters that reduce bile acid cytotoxicity and improve renal excretion. Its capability to positively modulate ductular bile flow helps to preserve the integrity of bile ducts. UDCA also prevents the endocytic internalization of canalicular transporters, a common feature in cholestasis. Finally, UDCA has immunomodulatory properties that limit the exacerbated immunological response occurring in autoimmune cholestatic diseases by counteracting the overexpression of MHC antigens and perhaps by limiting the production of cytokines by immunocompetent cells. Owing to this multi-functionality, it is difficult to envisage a substitute for UDCA that combines as many hepatoprotective effects with such efficacy. We predict a long-lasting use of UDCA as the therapeutic agent of choice in cholestasis.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"BILE ACIDS|CHOLESTASIS|HEPATOCELLULAR TRANSPORTER|UDCA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113975,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Convergent evolution in locomotory patterns of flying and swimming animals","resumen":"Locomotion is one of the major energetic costs faced by animals and various strategies have evolved to reduce its cost. Birds use interspersed periods of flapping and gliding to reduce the mechanical requirements of level flight while undergoing cyclical changes in flight altitude, known as undulating flight. Here we equipped free-ranging marine vertebrates with accelerometers and demonstrate that gait patterns resembling undulating flight occur in four marine vertebrate species comprising sharks and pinnipeds. Both sharks and pinnipeds display intermittent gliding interspersed with powered locomotion. We suggest, that the convergent use of similar gait patterns by distinct groups of animals points to universal physical and physiological principles that operate beyond taxonomic limits and shape common solutions to increase energetic efficiency. Energetically expensive large-scale migrations performed by many vertebrates provide common selection pressure for efficient locomotion, with potential for the convergence of locomotory strategies by a wide variety of species.","palabras_clave":"CONVERGENT EVOLUTION|LOCOMOTORY PATTERNS|ENERGY EXPENDITURE|ELEPHANT SEALS|UNDULATING FLIGHT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113976,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pitching a new angle on elephant seal dive patterns","resumen":"Elephant seals are one of the most proficient diving mammals in the world and are also one of the most studied. However, their long periods at sea and pelagic habits make research into their foraging ecology particularly challenging. Most current understanding comes from the use of time-depth recorders (TDRs). We used TDRs that additionally recorded body pitch and roll on four juvenile southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) foraging over the Patagonian Shelf to describe their diving behaviour and compared them with those of adults, using standard descriptions of elephant seal dive profile types provided by the literature. Over 280 days of diving data showed that dive types were similar to those of adults (types: A, B, C, D, Eb and Ef) but that dive types A and C differed slightly, probably because our animals were constrained by bottom  topography. Steep dive and return-to-surface angles in all dive types except type B indicate that animals generally attempt to maximize vertical displacement. Horizontal displacement was much greater in type B dives, which indicates a travelling function. Pitching and rolling behaviour lends support to the functions ascribed to the dive types already described for adult elephant seals, although type Eb dives are unusual in that the animals appear to be taking prey by up-ending in the benthos.","palabras_clave":"elephant seals|diving behaviour|xive classification|body orientation|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113977,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"N-dimensional animal energetic niches clarify behavioural options in a variable marine environment","resumen":"Animals respond to environmental variation by exhibiting a number of different behaviours and\/or rates of activity, which result in corresponding variation in energy expenditure. Successful animals generally maximize efficiency or rate of energy gain through foraging. Quantification of all features that modulate energy expenditure can theoretically be modelled as an animal energetic niche or power envelope; with total power being represented by the vertical axis and n-dimensional horizontal axes representing extents of processes that affect energy expenditure. Such an energetic niche could be used to assess the energetic consequences of animals adopting particular behaviours under various environmental conditions. This value of this approach was tested by constructing a simple mechanistic energetics model based on data collected from recording devices deployed on 41 free-living Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus), foraging from four&nbsp; different colonies in Argentina and consequently catching four different types of prey. Energy expenditure was calculated as a function of total distance swum underwater (horizontal axis 1) and maximum depth reached (horizontal axis 2). The resultant power envelope was invariant, irrespective of colony location, but penguins from the different colonies tended to use different areas of the envelope. The different colony solutions appeared to represent particular behavioural options for exploiting the available prey and demonstrate how penguins respond to environmental circumstance (prey distribution), the energetic consequences that this has for them, and how this affects the balance of energy acquisition through foraging and expenditure strategy.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"survival|energy expenditure|optimal strategy|performance constraints|energetic niche|power envelope|behavioural plasticity|Magellanic penguin|Spheniscus magellanicus"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113978,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efectos obtenidos con el agregado de proteínas de suero en el dulce de leche repostero","resumen":"Objetivo: Se estudió la influencia del agregado de proteínas de suero (WPC) a distintos pH como reemplazante de la concentración de grasa sobre las características de textura del dulce de leche repostero.   Metodología: Las muestras se prepararon en las distintas condiciones siguiendo un diseño factorial 23 para evaluar las respuestas medidas en forma sensorial por medio de un panel de jueces entrenados que evaluaron la textura (Índice de Consistencia \u2013 ICn y Corte - ICr) por medio de escalas estructuradas, y en forma objetiva a través del valor de los módulos reológicos G\u2019, G\u2019\u2019, y G* obtenidos por medio de ensayos oscilatorios realizados a frecuencia variable y a diferentes temperaturas a distintos tiempos de elaborados.   Materales y Métodos: El dulce de leche fue realizado según un protocolo de fabricación en una paila abierta a escala de planta piloto, a partir de una formulación habitualmente utilizados en plan industrial, que incluye el agregado de agentes estabilizantes. Para todas las experiencias se utilizó una misma partida de leche en polvo descremada reconstituida al 9 % de sólidos totales con agua de red, ajustando el contenido graso mediante el agregado de grasa láctea anhidra (Butter-oil) y el pH inicial con hidróxido de calcio p.a. El WPC fue adicionado, en la proporción correspondiente (0% - 2%), de un concentrado comercial con 35 % de proteínas solubles.   Resultados: El agregado de proteínas de suero a la leche en proporción del 1 % o más en presencia de k-carragenato produce la formación de agregados de mayor tamaño, que se presentan como la formación de grumos los cuales generan una heterogeneidad inaceptable en el producto comercial. Los resultados de la evaluación sensorial indicaron que la variación de  concentración de WPC tiene menos efecto en el ICr, no siendo significativas la influencia del pH y contenido de grasa en dicho índice. No obstante, las variaciones en las concentraciones de WPC y de grasa adicionadas a la formulación explicaron el 98 % de la variabilidad ÍCn. Los ensayos reológicos indican que no todas las muestras presentaron zona de viscoelasticidad lineal. Considerando solo las muestras que si la presentaron (rango de concentración de WPC?), se observó que la adición de WPC produce un crecimiento significativo del valor del módulo complejo G* a la semana de elaborado. Además dicho módulo disminuyó al crecer la temperatura según una función logarítmica, como así también que mostró una excelente correlación con el ICr.","palabras_clave":"proteínas de sureo|dulce de leche|evaluación reológica|dulce repostero"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113979,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"FLOURENSIA FIEBRIGII METABOLITES DISRUPT THE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BIOFILMS (ABSTRACT)","resumen":"The genus Flourensia DC. Comprises 25 species distributed throughout the Americas. The genus is characterized by the occurrence of bioactive aromatic metabolites. This study describes the antibiofilm properties of a chloroform extract of aerial parts of F. fiebrigii against two strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538 P and methicillin resistant). The disruption of the biofilm formed by cells phenotypically different from the planktonic bacteria was measured by a colorimetric method (560 nm). The spectroscopic data of the chloroform extracts were consistent with the chemical constituents of F. fiebrigii. Considerable disrupting effects of 60 and 51% were observed on the biofilm architecture of both strain of S. aureus at 100 µg\/mL and 50 µg\/mL, respectively. These preliminary open a new path in the search for natural coadjuvant of antibiotics to increase their bioavailability to the resistant bacterial strain.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"FLOURENSIA FIEBRIGII |METABOLITES |BIOFILM-DISRUPTION|STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113980,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La Teoría de Juegos Conductual,  el Dilema del Viajero Alternativo y la Maximización de Pagos","resumen":"Dentro del área de teoría de juegos conductual nos enfocamos en un contexto específico, el del juego que denominamos Dilema del viajero alternativo. En este contexto hemos observado que los participantes tienden a elegir estrategias estrictamente dominadas. Para explicar tendencias similares en otros juegos, los investigadores del área han apelado a sesgos cognitivos o bien a factores motivacionales. Proponemos un factor psicológico denominado sesgo en la accesibilidad de objetivos para explicar las tendencias en cuestión. Ese factor involucra tanto aspectos cognitivos como motivacionales. Presentamos una síntesis de resultados experimentales que favorecen dicha explicación sobre otras alternativas más frugales.","palabras_clave":"teoría de juegos conductual|dilema del viajero alternativo|toma de decisiones|accesibilidad de metas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113981,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Xylem efficiency vs. safety: Acclimation to drought of seedling root anatomy for six Patagonian shrub species","resumen":"With the aim to seek evidences on the possible trade off between hydraulic efficiency and hydraulic safety, from both an evolutionary and an acclimation point of view, we compared root xylem anatomy and derived functional properties for seedlings of six Patagonian shrub species grown in a greenhouse under two levels of water availability (control and drought). Root central cylinder area, vessel diameter(b) and double-wall thickness (t) were measured; from these data, the sum of vessel radii to the fourth power and wall strength [(t\/b)2] were calculated as indicators of hydraulic efficiency and safety respectively. Across species, we observed only a weak negative correlation between hydraulic efficiency  and hydraulic safety. Within species, Lycium chilense, the species with the most mesic leaves of the group, showed significant acclimation to drought for both functional attributes, lowering efficiency and    increasing safety by developing a higher proportion of small and more resistant xylem vessels.","palabras_clave":"HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY|HYDRAULIC SAFETY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113982,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quantum Transport Through a Stretched Spin--1 Molecule","resumen":"We analyze the electronic transport through a model spin-1 molecule as a function of temperature, magnetic field and bias voltage. We consider the effect of magnetic anisotropy, which can be generated experimentally by stretching the molecule. In the experimentally relevant regime the conductance of the unstretched molecule reaches the unitary limit of the underscreened spin-1 Kondo effect at low temperatures. The magnetic anisotropy generates an antiferromagnetic coupling between the remaining spin-1\/2 and a singular density of quasiparticles, producing a second Kondo effect and a reduced conductance. The results explain recent measurements in spin-1 molecules (Parks J. J. et al., Science, 328 (2010) 1370).","palabras_clave":"Kondo|Molecule|Correlations|Transport"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113983,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrical control of the chemical bonding of fluorine on graphene","resumen":"We study the electronic structure of diluted F atoms chemisorbed on graphene using density functional theory calculations. We show that the nature of the chemical bonding of a F atom adsorbed on top of a C atom in graphene strongly depends on carrier doping. In neutral samples the F impurities induce a sp3-like bonding of the C atom below, generating a local distortion of the hexagonal lattice. As the graphene is electron-doped, the C atom retracts back to the graphene plane and for high doping (1014 cm-2) its electronic structure corresponds to a nearly pure sp2 configuration. We interpret this sp3-sp2 doping-induced crossover in terms of a simple tight-binding model and discuss the physical consequences of this change.","palabras_clave":"DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY|GRAPHENE|ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113984,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Flood pulse and the dynamics of fish assemblage structure from neotropical floodplain lakes","resumen":"The dynamics of fish assemblages from seven floodplain lakes of Salado River (Argentina) was monthly analyzed during two contrasting hydrological seasons. Partial canonical correspondence analysis indicated that assemblage structure was predictably linked to environmental characteristics that varied along temporal and spatial scales. Species distributed differentially along an environmental gradient of temperature, hydrometric level, conductivity, macrophyte cover and transparency in relation to their sensory capabilities  (following piscivory-transparency-morphometry model) and life history strategies. During high water season, assemblages were associated with temperature and hydrometric level, factors which varied mainly across temporal scales and exhibit a regional range of action. During low waters, assemblage structure correlated with macrophyte cover and transparency, factors that varied fundamentally on spatial scales and have local impact. These results indicate that the determinism of fish assemblages does not vary substantially between hydrometric periods, although the environmental variables affecting fish assemblages and their scale of action are clearly different.","palabras_clave":"Paraná River Basin|determinism|Argentina|hydrological connectivity|low land rivers"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113985,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal patterns of abundance and recruitment in an amphibian assemblage from the Paraná River floodplain","resumen":"The seasonality of amphibian activity is a long studied and recognized feature but generally includes only the analysis of adult calling males. In this study, seasonal variation in abundance of a whole assemblage (adults and juvenile), coexistence patterns and phenology was analyzed in a community of sixteen amphibian species inhabiting lowland river floodplain ponds. Species activity period was wider than reproductive phase and assemblage activity concentrated in warm season. The seasonal patterns of abundance and population size structure varied among species but nestedness structure and positive co-occurrence was found for adults and juveniles assemblages. Most adult hylids characterized by prolonged activity periods while bufonids, cycloramphids, leiuperids, leptodactylids and microhylids varied from prolonged to explosive. The recruitment of juveniles was intensive or explosive in nine out of ten evaluated species, generating a seasonal reduction in population size structure. The gathered recruitment indicates that warm season is particularly favourable for ingress of juveniles to populations. River hydrometric level was the best predictor of anuran activity, although seasonality (temperature and photoperiod), humidity, rainfall also were informative. The slight differences in activity patterns respect to other studies could be attributed to variations in local factors and differences in habitat seasonality. Since studied amphibians utilize the same habitat, activity and recruitment differences among species should be the consequence of combined effect of evolutionary fixed life history traits and present ecological interactions. Thus, there is a mixture of profound and proximate factors ruling species activity and seasonal changes in assemblage structure","palabras_clave":"ANURAN|PHENOLOGY|ARGENTINA|POPULATION DYNAMICS|POPULATION STRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113986,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Edge channel mixing induced by potential steps in an integer quantum Hall system","resumen":"We investigate the coherent mixing of copropagating edge channels in a quantum Hall bar produced by step potentials. In the case of two edge channels it is found that, although a single step induces only a few percent mixing, a series of steps could yield 50% mixing. In addition, a strong mixing is found when the potential height of a single step allows a different number of edge channels on the two sides of the step. Charge density probability has been also calculated even for the case where the step is smoothened.","palabras_clave":"hall effect|quantum transport"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113987,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"YqiC of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a membrane fusogenic protein required for mice colonization","resumen":"BackgroundSalmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is an intracellular bacterial pathogen which can colonize a variety of hosts, including human, causing syndromes that vary from gastroenteritis and diarrhea to systemic disease.ResultsIn this work we present structural information as well as insights into the in vivo function of YqiC, a 99-residue protein of S. Typhimurium, which belongs to the cluster of the orthologous group 2960 (COG2960). We found that YqiC shares biophysical and biochemical properties with Brucella abortus BMFP, the only previously characterized member of this group, such as a high alpha helix content, a coiled-coil domain involved in trimerization and a membrane fusogenic activity in vitro. In addition, we demonstrated that YqiC localizes at cytoplasmic and membrane subcellular fractions, that a S. Typhimurium yqiC deficient strain had a severe attenuation in virulence in the murine model when inoculated both orally and intraperitoneally, and was impaired to replicate at physiological and high temperatures in vitro, although it was still able to invade and replicate inside epithelial and macrophages cell lines.ConclusionThis work firstly demonstrates the importance of a COG2960 member for pathogen-host interaction, and suggests a common function conserved among members of this group.","palabras_clave":"Salmonella|pathogenesis|membrane fusogenic protein"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113988,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vibrational spectra of the Ga(III) complexes with oxine and clioquinol","resumen":"SD","palabras_clave":"SD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113989,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DETERMINACIÓN CRIOSCÓPICA DE MASA MOLAR EN PEQUEÑA ESCALA","resumen":"En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta alternativa para la determinación de masa molar por crioscopia en escala reducida. Con esta metodología se logra reducir la cantidad de residuos generados, se disminuye el tiempo empleado y se contribuye a desarrollar en los estudiantes conceptos relacionados con la protección ambiental y seguridad en el trabajo de laboratorio.","palabras_clave":"micrescala|crioscopia|masa molar"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113990,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A survey of larval digeneans in the commonest intertidal snails from Northern Patagonian coast, Argentina","resumen":"Over a two-years period, a survey was carried out in order to increase the knowledge of digeneans parasitising the commonestintertidal gastropods on the Patagonian coast, Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. A total of 4,725 gastropods were examined. Sixspecies of digenean parasitising four snail species were found; four of them were registered for first time: Maritrema sp. 1 (Microphallidae)in Crepidula dilatata (Calyptraeidae), Parorchis sp. (Philophtalmidae) and sporocyst of Renicolidae in Trophongeversianus (Muricidae), and Diphterostomum sp. (Zoogonidae) in Buccinanops globulosus (Nassariidae). Two other specieswere found in Siphonaria lessoni (Siphonariidae): Maritrema sp. 2 and Hemiuridae. One snail species, Tegula patagonica(Trochidae) was not parasitised. These gastropods act as first intermediate host, and C. dilatata, S. lessoni and B. globulosusalso frequently host metacercariae within the sporocyst. Overall prevalences varied from 0.16% of Diphterostomum in the intertidalpopulation of B. globulosus to 33.45% of Maritrema sp. 1 in C. dilatata.","palabras_clave":"TAXONOMIA|PARASITOLOGIA|DESCRIPCION LARVAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113991,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A geometrically exact nonlinear finite element for composite closed section thin-walled beams","resumen":"A geometrically nonlinear beam finite element for composite closed section thin-walled beams considering arbitrary displacements and rotations is presented. The virtual work equations are written as a function of nine generalized strain components, which are parametrized in terms of the director field and its derivatives. The presented finite element is valid for both isotropic and anisotropic materials. The proposed approach could be attractive to be used in optimization problems of composite thin-walled beams with finite deformation such as helicopter rotor blades and wind turbine blades. It\u2019s shown that the proposed formulation has an excellent correlation against shell finite elements.","palabras_clave":"Thin-walled | Finite |Rotations|Composite|Beam|Closed"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113992,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Free vibration and dynamic stability of rotating thin-walled composite beams","resumen":"The dynamic stability behavior of thin-walled rotating composite beams is studied by means of the finite element method. The analysis is based on Bolotin\u2019s work on parametric instability for an axial periodic load. The influence of fiber orientation and rotating speeds on the natural frequencies and the unstable regions is studied for symmetrically balanced laminates. The regions of instability are obtained and expressed in non-dimensional terms. The \u201Cmodal interchange\u201D phenomenon arising in rotating beams is described. The dynamic stability problem is formulated by means of linearizing a geometrically non-linear Total Lagrangian finite element with seven degrees of freedom per node. This finite element formulation is based on a thin-walled beam theory that takes into account several non-classical effects such as anisotropy, shear flexibility and warping inhibition.","palabras_clave":"Thin-walled rotating beams  |Composite| Finite elements|Parametric resonance"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113993,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A GEOMETRICALLY EXACT COMPOSITE THIN-WALLED BEAM ELEMENT FOR FLEXIBLE MULTIBODY DYNAMICS","resumen":"A geometrically exact thin-walled composite beam finite element for multibody applications is presented. In the proposed formulation the virtual work equations are written as a function of generalized strains, which are parametrized in terms of the director field and its derivatives. Finite rotations are parametrized with the total rotation vector. The derivatives of the director field are obtained via interpolation, thus simplifying the linearization of the virtual strains. The material constitutive relations are based on the mechanics of composite laminates. The formulation of typical joints is briefly presented. The finite element is implemented in a multibody algorithm that uses the generalized-alpha method to integrate in time the differential-algebraic system of equations.","palabras_clave":"Geometrically Exact Beams| Total Lagrangian| Anisotropic Materials|Multibody Systems"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113994,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación de nuevas posibles terapias para la endometriosis","resumen":"Los tratamientos médicos aplicados hasta el momento para las pacientes con endometriosis, se basan en que el endometrio ectópico responde a las hormonas sexuales esteroideas de manera semejante al endometrio eutópico. Por ello estos tratamientos tienden a modificar los niveles de hormonas esteroideas y de esta manera inhibir la proliferación de las lesiones. Sin embargo ninguna de las alternativas terapéuticas de las que se dispone actualmente es enteramente eficaz y la búsqueda de nuevos tratamientos médicos para esta patología, continúa. En el presente trabajo se exponen los resultados obtenidos en un modelo de endometriosis murina con posibles nuevas alternativas terapéuticas como son el empleo de inhibidores de aromatasa (Letrosole y Anastrozole), el uso de un inhibidor selectivo de la enzima COX2, (celecoxib)&nbsp; sólo o combinado con un agonista del PPARg como es la Rosiglitazona, y finalmente un inhiibidor de la angiogénesis como es el bevasizumab.&nbsp; Todos estos tratamientos ensayados fueron efectivos en disminuir el tamaño de las lesiones, la proliferación celular y la producción de factores angiogénicos al tiempo que aumentaron la apoptosis en las lesiones. Hasta el momento sólo el inihibor de COX2 sólo o combinado con Rosiglitazona fue efectivo en disminuir el número de lesiones desarrolladas.Estos resultados refuerzan la idea de continuar la investigando otras opciones terapéuticas para la endometriosis. ","palabras_clave":"endometriosis|inhibidores de la aromatasa|inhibidores de la COX-2|rosiglitazona|VEGF|inhibidores de angiogénesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113995,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Caracterización del endometrio y del ambiente peritoneal de mujeres que padecen endometriosis.  Estudios in vivo e in vitro de nuevas  alternativas terapéuticas para esta enfermedad","resumen":"El tema de estudio de nuestro laboratorio es la endometriosis,  patologia benigna que afecta alrededor de un 15% de  las mujeres en edad reproductiva y que se caracteriza por la  presencia de tejido endometrial fuera de la cavidad uterina,  provocando fuertes dolores pelvicos, metrorragia y, en un  50% de los casos, infertilidad. Hemos realizado investigaciones  basicas sobre el ambiente peritoneal de las mujeres  con endometriosis y analizamos las caracteristicas del tejido  endometrial de estas pacientes. En la actualidad continuamos  con nuestros estudios tendientes a esclarecer no solo la  posible etiologia de la endometriosis sino tambien a mejorar  su tratamiento. Nuestros estudios tienen como objetivo  la evaluacion del efecto in vitro e in vivo de nuevos mecanismos  para tratar esta patologia en la busqueda de nuevas  alternativas terapeuticas que ofrezcan tratamientos mas  simples, con medicamentos que actuen en forma mas directa  sobre los implantes, que inhiban los mecanismos involucrados  en el desarrollo de la enfermedad, y que potencialmente  sean mas eficaces en su accion de erradicar las lesiones  endometriosicas. Ademas, comenzamos a evaluar los  posibles mecanismos involucrados en la tolerancia inmunologica  hacia los implantes de tejido endometrial ectopico que  se produciria durante el establecimiento de la endometriosis.","palabras_clave":"endometriosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113996,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The inhibitory effect of celecoxib and rosiglitazone on experimental endometriosis","resumen":"Objective: To evaluate the effects of celecoxib and rosiglitazone on the implantation and growth of endometriotic like lesions in a murine model of endometriosis.Design: Prospective experimental study.Setting: Animal research and laboratory facility.Animal(s): Two-month-old female BALB\/c mice.Intervention(s): Surgically induced endometriosis in female BALB\/C mice; 28 days of treatment with celecoxib, rosiglitazone, or their combination; counting, measuring, excising, and fixing lesions.Main Outcome Measure(s): Immunohistochemical examination for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), CD31, and CD34 to assess cell proliferation and vascularization, with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique for apoptosis evaluation.Result(s): Celecoxib and the combined treatment (celecoxib and rosiglitazone) statistically significantly reduced the mean number of lesions established per mouse, and all treatments diminished the implant volume. In addition, cell proliferation within the implants was statistically significantly reduced, and apoptosis was statistically significantly enhanced by all treatments. Also, we found that all treatments diminished the vascularized area in the lesion.Conclusion(s): These results are promising and reveal that celecoxib and rosiglitazone, combined or separately, have a beneficial effect on overall endometriotic growth.","palabras_clave":"endometriosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113997,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha pathways develops liver apoptosis in type 1 diabetes mellitus","resumen":"We analyzed the contribution of TNF-alpha intracellular pathway in the development of apoptosis in the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In liver tissue, diabetes promoted a significant increase of TNF-alpha\/TNF-R1, and led to the activation of caspase-8, of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), and JNK signaling pathways. The activation of NFkB led to an induction of iNOS and consequent increase in NO production. As a consequence of such changes a significant increase of caspase-3 activity and of apoptotic index were observed in the liver of diabetic animals. Importantly, the treatment in vivo of diabetic rats with etanercept (TNF-alpha blocking antibody) or aminoguanidine (selective iNOS inhibitor) significantly attenuated the induction of apoptosis by reduction of caspase-3 activity. Overall, we demonstrated that in the diabetes enhances TNF-alpha in the liver, which may be a fundamental key leading to apoptotic cell death, through activation of caspase-8, NFkB and JNK pathways.","palabras_clave":"DIABETES|APOPTOSIS|NO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113998,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"?\tPhotoswitchable Water-Soluble Quantum Dots: pcFRET Based on Amphiphilic Photochromic Polymer Coating","resumen":"A novel surface architecture was developed to generate biocompatible and stable photoswitchable quantum dots (psQDs). Photochromic diheteroarylethenes, which undergo thermally stable photoconversions between two forms with different spectral properties in organic solvents, were covalently linked to an amphiphilic polymer that self-assembles with the lipophilic chains surrounding commercial hydrophobic core&#8722;shell CdSe\/ZnS QDs. This strategy creates a small (7 nm diameter) nanoparticle (NP) that is soluble in aqueous medium. The NP retains and even enhances the desirable properties of the original QD (broad excitation, narrow emission, photostability), but the brightness of its emission can be tailored by light. The modulation of emission monitored by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence was 35&#8722;40%. The psQDs exhibit unprecedented photostability and fatigue resistance over at least 16 cycles of photoconversion.","palabras_clave":"FRET|quantum dots|photochromism|amphiphilic polymer|nanoparticle coating"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":113999,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lack of feral livestock interference with native guanaco during the dry season in a South American desert","resumen":"AbstractAnalyzing coexistence of exotic and native ungulates in arid areas is important from both a theoretical and a species conservation perspective. We assess the habitat use patterns and possible interference between guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and feral livestock (donkey andcattle) in arid environments of South America. To determine habitat use and niche overlap between exotic and native ungulate species, ten sites with different habitats and six natural waterholes were selected. Plots (20 at each site, ten around each waterhole) were randomly set up and characterized by environmental variables and relative use by cattle, donkey and guanaco through faecal pellet counts. Aggregation, niche breadth and niche overlap of the three herbivores were analyzed at habitat level (mesoscale). A direct redundancy analysis was used to examine therelationships between abundance of herbivore faeces and environmental variables at microscale. Mesoscale analyses showed (i) an extensive use of the area by all three species, with guanaco having the highest niche breadth followed by donkey and cattle and (ii) a large, broad guanaco?donkey and donkey?cattle habitat overlap. However, results at a finer scale showed high spatial aggregation of feral livestock species and an independent use of territory by guanacos. This study is the first to provide information about habitat partitioning between guanacos and feral livestock in the hyper-arid Monte Desert biome and points to an apparent lack of negative effects on the native ungulate.","palabras_clave":"HABITAT USE|LAMA GUANICOE|EQUUS ASINUS|BOS TAURUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114000,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Water level as the main driver of the alternation between a free-floating plant and a phytoplankton dominated state: a long term study in a floodplain lake","resumen":"Abstract This 10-year &#64257;eld data study explores the relevance of water level &#64258;uctuations in driving the shift from a free-&#64258;oating plant (FFP) to a phytoplankton dominated state in a shallow &#64258;oodplain lake from the Lower Paraná River. The multi-year natural &#64258;ood pulse pattern in the Lower ParanaRiver drove the ecosystem regime from a FFP-dominant state during very high waters (1998\u20131999) to absolute phytoplankton prevalence with blooms of nitrogen &#64257;xing Cyanobacteria during extreme low waters (2008\u20132009). Satellite images support the observed changes over thedecade and show the decrease of the surface lake area covered by FFP as well as the modi&#64257;cation of the spectral &#64257;rm in open waters, which documents the signi&#64257;cant increases in phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations. We discuss the possibility that, despite a slow eutrophication in these highly vegetated systems, water level changes and not nutrients account for the shift from a &#64258;oating macrophyte community to phytoplankton dominance. Cyclic shifts may occur in response to the seasonal &#64258;oodpulse, but more strongly, as indicated by our results, in association to the extreme drought and &#64258;ood events related to the El Niñoo Southern Oscillation, which is linked to discharge anomalies in the Paraná River.","palabras_clave":"Alternative states |Phytoplankton |Free-floating plants |Water-level |Floodplain lake |South America"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114001,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Zooplankton succession during extraordinary drought-flood cycles.A case study in a South American floodplain lake","resumen":"We examined the zooplankton abundance and composition of Laguna Grande, a floodplain wetland ofthe Lower Paraná Basin (Argentina), during an extraordinary drought\u2013flood cycle that affected boththe environment and the biological conditions of the lake. Low waters were characterised by remarkablyhigh conductivities and pH values, and high phytoplankton and bacterioplankton abundances withcyanobacterial blooms, while high waters showed opposite features. In relation to zooplankton, themean abundances of all the taxonomic groups (rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, ciliates, and heterotrophicnanoflagellates) were slightly higher at low waters. Major changes were observed in the specific compositionof metazooplankton: the euryhaline species assemblage that dominated in the dry warm period wasreplaced by several oligohaline littoral and planktonic species characteristic of the Paraná River Basin,when the water level rose. Mean species richness values at high waters doubled those of low waters andwere directly correlated to water depth. Most of the rotifers of the genus Brachionus and the cladoceranMoina micrura switched from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction during low waters, as a response toa harsh environment and crowding. We suggest that the main changes in the environmental conditionsin this eutrophic floodplain lake are driven by the hydrology, which regulates the zooplankton succession.The herein described shifts in the zooplankton structure and dynamics of Laguna Grande over anextraordinary drought\u2013flood cycle contribute to the understanding of the processes that might occurunder the scenarios predicted by climate change models.","palabras_clave":"Drought\u2013flood cycle  |Floodplain lakes |Zooplankton Phytoplankton Community structure|Extreme conditions"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114002,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrical Correlation of Double-Diffused Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistors Exposed to Gamma Photons, Protons and Hot-Carriers","resumen":"Double-diffused metal\u2013oxide\u2013semiconductor n channel power transistor devices were subjected to a high electric-field stress, gamma photons (60Co), and 10-MeV proton radiation, and were comparatively analyzed. The direct-current current\u2013voltage and high-frequency capacitance\u2013voltage techniques were used to characterize the two different regions under the gate oxide in this kind of devices. The Si\u2013SiO2 interfaces at the channel side and at the drain side are characterized after thermal annealing. The correlation of the interface states with the trapped charge is a good quantitative tool to compare the effects from different degradation mechanisms. It is shown that, under given conditions, each kind of stress exhibits its own signature in the interface states versus the oxide charge plot.","palabras_clave":"MOS|RADIATION EFFECTS|RELIABILITY|POWER MOSFET"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114003,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SiO2-K2O-MgO vitreous films doped with erbium and silver nanoparticles for optical applications","resumen":"The search of new glass compositions for films produced with a high optical transparency throughout the visible spectrum from 0.5 to the near infrared region is important for optical integrated applications. In this work, we present the preparation of SiO2-K2O-MgO vitreous sol-gel films on SiO2 substrates co-doped with Er3+ and Ag nanoparticles. The silver quantum dots were synthesized in continuous media (ex situ) by chemical reduction and isolation from media by anchoring chemical solution-compatible modifiers (aminosilanes) on their surfaces; then, they were successfully integrated into the glass matrix. We present the study of the preparation process and characterization of sol-gel matrices doped with Ag. ","palabras_clave":"sol-gel|erbium |nanoparticle"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114004,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Post-mortem and symbiotic sabellid and serpulid-coral associations from the Lower Cretaceous of Argentina","resumen":"One morphotype of sabellids (Sabellida, Sabellidae) and two of serpulids (Sabellida, Serpulidae), found as  encrusters on scleractinian ramose corals of the species Stereocaenia triboleti (Koby) and Columastrea antiqua Gerth, from  the Agrio Formation (early Hauterivian) from Neuquén Basin, Argentina, are described. The identified morphotypes,  Glomerula lombricus (Defrance), Mucroserpula mucroserpula Regenhardt and Propomatoceros sulcicarinatus Ware, have  been previously recorded from the Early Cretaceous of the northern Tethys. Two different type of sabellid and serpulidcoral  associations have been recognized. The first and more abundant association corresponds to post-mortem encrustation  on corals branches. The second one corresponds to a symbiotic association between the serpulid P. sulcicarinatus and both  species of corals. The serpulid tubes are recorded parallel to the coral branches reaching the upper tip of them and they were  bioimmured within the coral as they grew upwards. The studied symbiotic relationship between serpulids and corals may  be regarded as a mutualism as both members probably benefited each other. This type of association has similarities with  recent cases of symbiosis between serpulids and corals, but had no fossil record until now.","palabras_clave":"Corals|Serpulids|Symbiosis|Cretaceous"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114005,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Transmembrane adenylyl cyclase regulates amphibian sperm motility through protein kinase A activation","resumen":"Sperm motility is essential for achieving fertilization. In animals with external fertilization as amphibians, spermatozoa are stored in a quiescent state in the testis. Spermiation to hypotonic fertilization media triggers activation of sperm motility. Bufo arenarum sperm are immotile in artificial seminal plasma (ASP) but acquire in situ flagellar beating upon dilution. In addition to the effect of low osmolarity on sperm motility activation, we report that diffusible factors of the egg jelly coat (EW) regulate motility patterns, switching from in situ to progressive movement. The signal transduction pathway involved in amphibian sperm motility activation is mostly unknown. In the present study, we show a correlation between motility activation triggered by low osmotic pressure and activation of protein kinase A (PKA). Moreover, this is the first study to present strong evidences that point toward a role of a transmembrane adenyl-cyclase (tmAC) in the regulation of amphibian sperm motility through PKA activation.","palabras_clave":"Egg water|Amphibia|sperm|motility activation|cAMP dependent kinase|adenylyl cyclase"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114006,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Temporal and spatial changes in plant dune diversity in urban resorts","resumen":"We investigated the temporal and spatial changes in the floristic composition and abundance in sand dunes along a coastal strip in the province of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Firstly, we analysed changes over a span of 70 years, comparing 41 of our own inventories carried out in 14 beach resorts in 2005-2006 with 18 inventories made in the first half of the XXth century (1930-1940) in the same study area. We grouped sampled plots into four categories for comparison, taking into account the time period (1930-1940 or 2005-2006) and location at each end of the surveyed coastal strip in the northern or southern \u2018tourist\u2019 sectors. Secondly, we analysed the effect of afforestation with exotic trees on extant sand dune vegetation for the period 2005.2006. A total of 74 plant inventories were carried out in afforested and natural dunes at the same resorts. In both comparisons we contrasted plant richness, percentage plant cover, similarity and diversity. A cluster analysis was used to classify categories taking into account plant abundance and composition.Significant differences in total diversity were observed between sampling years, suggesting an increase in diversity at the present time due to urbanization and recreation related activities. Nevertheless, no single exotic plant species was clearly dominant across the sampled sites, suggesting that these coastal areas are, up to now, resistant to alien invasion. Diversity indexes discriminated by plant groups indicating different habitat conditions and exotics were shown to be more sensitive to existing changes than to total richness and cover.","palabras_clave":"Urbanization|Afforestation|Argentina|Atlantic coast"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114007,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CLARIS LPB WP3: Observational data and past climate variability across the La Plata Basin","resumen":"The main objective of WP3 is to improve the description of past climate variability in the LPB in order to provide an observational basis for quantifying past climate variability (WP4 and WP6), evaluating climate scenarios (WP4, WP5 and WP6) and providing high-quality data to WP7 for impact model calibration (WP8 and WP9).One of the specific objectives is to collect daily information originating from different institutions (governmental and non-governmental) to improve the EU FP6 CLARIS digitally- available records of daily weather data (maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, surface radiation and vapour pressure) over La Plata Basin.","palabras_clave":"CLARIS LPB|observational data|climate variability|La Plata basin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114008,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional Relationships between Agonist Binding Sites and Coupling Regions of Homomeric Cys-Loop Receptors","resumen":"Each subunit in a homopentameric Cys-loop receptor contains a specialized coupling region positioned between the agonist binding domain and the ion conductive channel. To determine the contribution of each coupling region to the stability of the open channel, we constructed a receptor subunit (alpha7-5-HT3A) with both a disabled coupling region and a reporter mutation that alters unitary conductance, and coexpressed normal and mutant subunits. The resulting receptors show single-channel current amplitudes that are quantized according to the number of reporter mutations per receptor, allowing correlation of the number of intact coupling regions with mean open time. We find that each coupling region contributes an equal increment to the stability of the open channel. However, by altering the numbers and locations of active coupling regions and binding sites, we find that a coupling region in a subunit flanked by inactive binding sites can still stabilize the open channel. We also determine minimal requirements for channel opening regardless of stability and find that channel opening can occur in a receptor with one active coupling region flanked by functional binding sites or with one active binding site flanked by functional coupling regions. The overall findings show that, whereas the agonist binding sites contribute interdependently and asymmetrically to open-channel stability, the coupling regions contribute independently and symmetrically.","palabras_clave":"NICOTINIC RECEPTOR|CYS-LOOP RECEPTOR|PATCH-CLAMP|CHANNEL LIFETIME"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114009,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Cys-loop mutation in the Caenorhabditis elegans nicotinic receptor subunit UNC-63 impairs but does not abolish channel function","resumen":"The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an established model organism for studying neurobiology. UNC-63 is a C. elegans nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) á-subunit. It is an essential component of the levamisole-sensitive muscle nAChR (L-nAChR) and therefore plays an important role in cholinergic transmission at the nematode neuromuscular junction. Here, we show that worms with the unc-63(x26) allele, with its áC151Y mutation disrupting the Cys-loop, have deficient muscle function reflected by impaired swimming (thrashing). Single-channel recordings from cultured muscle cells from the mutant strain showed a 100-fold reduced frequency of opening events and shorter channel openings of L-nAChRs compared with those of wild-type worms. Anti-UNC-63 antibody staining in both cultured adult muscle and embryonic cells showed that L-nAChRs were expressed at similar levels in the mutant and wild-type cells, suggesting that the functional changes in the receptor, rather than changes in expression, are the predominant effect of the mutation. The kinetic changes mimic those reported in patients with fast-channel congenital myasthenic syndromes. We show that pyridostigmine bromide and 3,4-diaminopyridine, which are drugs used to treat fast-channel congenital myasthenic syndromes, partially rescued the motility defect seen in unc-63(x26). The C. elegans unc-63(x26) mutant may therefore offer a useful model to assist in the development of therapies for syndromes produced by altered function of human nAChRs.","palabras_clave":"c. elegans|NICOTINIC RECEPTOR|PATCH CLAMP|MUSCLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114010,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of water content on thermal behavior of freeze-dried soy whey and their isolated proteins","resumen":"Thermal behavior of lyophilized soy whey (LSW) and whey soy proteins (WSP) at different water contents (WC) was studied by DSC. In anhydrous condition, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and lectin (L) were more heat stable for WSP respect to LSW sample. The increase of WC destabilized both proteins but differently depending on the sample analyzed. Thermal stability inversion of KTI and L was observed for WSP and LSW at 50.0 and 17.0% WC, respectively, which correspond to the same water\u2013protein content mass ratio (W\/P»1.9). At W\/P &lt; 1.9, KTI was more heat stable than L. Before the inversion point, WC strongly modified the peak temperatures (Tp) of KTI and L for WSP, whereas this behavior was not observed for LSW. The high sugar content was responsible of the thermal behavior of KTI and L in LSW under anhydrous condition and low WC. These results have important implications for the soy whey processing and inactivation of antinutritional factors. ","palabras_clave":"SOY WHEY|THERMAL BEHAVIOR|DSC|WATER CONTENT|WHEY SOY PROTEINS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114012,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydration of l-tyrosine in aqueous medium. An experimental and theoretical study by mixed quantum mechanical\/molecular mechanics methods","resumen":"Quantum mechanical\/molecular mechanics (QM\/MM) calculations were carried out in order to study thetheoretical structures of l-tyrosine in both gas phase and in aqueous solution and observe the changesthat occur on the structural and vibrational properties in two phases. Therefore, the molecule was characterizedby infrared and Raman spectroscopy in solid phase and aqueous solution. Optimized geometriesand relative stabilities for the zwitterion l-tyrosine derivatives have been calculated taking into accountthe solvent effects by using the self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) theory. For a complete assignmentof the IR and Raman spectra of l-tyrosine in solid and aqueous solution phases, density functional theory(DFT) calculations were combined with Pulay\u2019s scaled quantum mechanical force field (SQMFF) methodologyin order to fit the theoretical wavenumber values to the experimental ones. A good agreementbetween theoretical and available experimental results is found.","palabras_clave":"l-Tyrosine |Vibrational spectra |Molecular structure |Force field DFT calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114013,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structural and vibrational analyses of 2-(-2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline","resumen":"We have studied 2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline (BFI) and characterized it by using infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Thedensity functional theory (DFT) method together with Pople\u2019s basis set shows that two conformers exist for the title moleculeas have been theoretically determined in the gas phase and that, probably, an average of both conformations is present inthe solid phase. The harmonic vibrational wavenumbers for the optimized geometry of the latter conformer were calculated atthe B3LYP\/6-31G&#8727; level in the proximity of the isolated molecule. For a complete assignment of the IR and Raman spectra inthe compound in the solid phase, DFT calculations were combined with Pulay\u2019s scaled quantummechanics force field (SQMFF)methodology in order to fit the theoretical wavenumbers to the experimental ones.","palabras_clave":"2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline; |vibrational spectra; |molecular structure; |force field; DFT calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114014,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bacterial community structure in a latitudinal gradient of lakes: the roles of spatial versus environmental factors","resumen":"1. We analysed the latitudinal variation of bacterioplankton in 45 freshwater environments (lakes, shallow lakes and ponds) across a transect of more than 2100 km stretching from Argentinean Patagonia (45S) to Maritime Antarctica (63S), to determine the factors that mainly determine bacterioplankton community structure.2. Bacterioplankton community composition (BCC) was assessed by a fingerprinting method (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) followed by band sequencing, whereas the abundances of total bacteria and picocyanobacteria were estimated by epifluorescence microscopy. 3. Bacterioplankton community composition was controlled by a combination of spatial (latitude and longitude) and environmental [e.g. phosphate, light diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd) and dissolved organic carbon] factors. Total bacterioplankton abundance declined with latitude. A multiple regression analysis showed that phosphate, Kd and latitude had significant effects on total bacterioplankton abundance. 4. Of 76 operational taxonomic units identified in the studied lakes, 45 were shared between Patagonian and Antarctic water bodies, 28 were present only in Patagonian lakes and three were restricted to the Antarctic lakes. Significant differences were found in BCC between Patagonia and Antarctica. Among the sequences, 54% were similar (>97% sequence similarity) to others reported from cold habitats elsewhere on the planet (glaciers, high mountain lakes, Arctic). 5. Our results provide new evidence that supports the hypotheses of biogeographic patterns of bacterial assemblages and suggest that both spatial and environmental factors control bacterioplankton community structure.","palabras_clave":"BIOGEOGRAPHY|BACTERIOPLANKTON|LAKES|LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114015,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ecological and phylogenetic influence on mandible shape variation of South American caviomorph rodents (Rodentia: Hystricomorpha)","resumen":"We analyzed mandible shape variation of 17 genera belonging to three superfamilies (Cavioidea, Chinchilloidea, and Octodontoidea) of South American caviomorph rodents using geometric morphometrics. The relative influence of phylogeny and ecology on this variation was assessed using phylogenetic comparative methods. Most morphological variation was concentrated in condylar, coronoid, and angular processes, as well as the diastema. Features potentially advantageous for digging (i.e. high coronoid and condylar processes, relatively short angular process, and diastema) were present only in octodontoids; cavioids showed opposing trends, which could represent a structural constraint for fossorial habits. Chinchilloids showed intermediate features. Genera were distributed in the morphospace according to their classification into superfamilial clades. The phylogenetic signal for shape components was significant along phylogeny, whereas the relationship between mandibular shape and ecology wasnonsignificant when phylogenetic structure was taken into account. An early evolutionary divergence in the mandible shape among major caviomorph clades would explain the observed strong phylogenetic influence on the variation of this structure.","palabras_clave":"comparative methods|evolutionary history|geometric morphometrics|morphological diversification"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114016,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First Report of a Rhabdovirus Infecting Alfalfa in Argentina","resumen":"Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a major forage crop in Argentina  with an estimated cultivated area of 4 million ha in the 2009?2010  season, which constitutes a primary component for the animal production  chain. In early summer of 2010, alfalfa plants showing virus-like  symptoms were identified in 20 commercial fields in La Pampa Province  with 95% disease prevalence. Diseased plants had shortened internodes,  a bushy appearance, deformations, puckering, epinasty of leaflet  blades, vein enations, and varying sized papillae on the adaxial  leaflet surfaces. Similar symptoms were observed in alfalfa crops in  Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Santa Fe, and Santiago del Estero provinces.  Electron microscopy (EM) and molecular assays were performed on leaf  tissue from one asymptomatic and two symptomatic plants. EM of  ultrathin sections revealed membrane-bound bullet-shaped particles  associated with the endoplasmic reticulum of phloem cells from  symptomatic plants only. Total RNA was extracted from symptomatic and  asymptomatic plants with the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden,  Germany) for a template in one-step reverse transcription (RT)-PCR  assays with the Access RT-PCR Kit (Promega, Madison, WI). RT-PCR assays  employed degenerate primers targeting conserved regions of plant  rhabdovirus polymerase (L) genes (2). An amplicon of approximately 1  kilobase pairs (detected only from symptomatic plants) was gel purified  with the Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up System (Promega), cloned into  pGEM-T Easy Vector System (Promega), and sequenced. Three independents  clones were sequenced in both directions at Macrogen Inc. (Korea  Republic) to generate a consensus sequence (GenBank Accession No.  HQ380230) and compared to sequences of other plant rhabdoviruses  available on GenBank. The partial L gene sequence of the  alfalfa-infecting rhabdovirus shared highest nucleotide (68.0%) and  amino acid (76.5%) sequence identity with the cytorhabdovirus Strawberry crinkle virus  (Accession No. AY331390). A phylogenetic tree based on partial amino  acid sequences of the polymerase gene indicated the alfalfa-infecting  virus was more closely related to cytorhabdoviruses than to  nucleorhabdoviruses. Symptoms observed resembled those reported for  alfalfa plants infected with a plant rhabdovirus named Alfalfa enation  virus (1), which has never been fully characterized. Collectively, the  data implicate the observed rhabdovirus as the etiological agent. To  our knowledge, this is the first report in Argentina (and South  America) of a rhabdovirus infecting alfalfa. Additional field surveys  and monitoring of vector\/s and yield losses need to be conducted.","palabras_clave":"RHABDOVIRUS|Medicago sativa"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114017,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evolución litofacial y edad de la Formación Cañón del Colorado (Jurásico inferior), Precordillera Oriental, San Juan","resumen":"La Formación Cañón del Colorado aflora en el extremo sur de la Sierra de Mogna, al noreste de la provincia de San Juan. Esta formación ha sido objeto de debate en cuanto a su estratigrafía y edad. En el presente trabajo se caracterizó la Formación Cañón del Colorado en base a cinco columnas estratigráficas (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5) distribuidas uniformemente a lo largo del afloramiento. La columna estratigráfica C3, ubicada en la zona central del afloramiento, se definió como la columna tipo de la formación por presentar la secuencia más completa y atravesar la localidad más fosilífera. Se definieron cuatro miembros, denominados de la base al techo: Miembro Pelítico (MP), Miembro Conglomerádico Inferior (MCI), Miembro Psamo-pelítico (MPP) y Miembro Conglomerádico Superior (MCS).  La secuencia observada se caracterizó como un sistema de bajada aluvial integrado por facies finas de playa-lake (miembros Pelítico y Psamo-pelítico) y facies de abanico aluvial distal a medio (miembros Conglomerádico Inferior y Superior). Estas facies se distribuyen en dos secuencias depositacionales progradantes, la primera formada por el MP y el MCI y la segunda por el MPP y el MCS, posiblemente vinculadas al relleno del borde pasivo de una cuenca de rift conformada a lo largo del \u201Calineamiento de Pie de Palo Norte\u201D. Finalmente, mediante la correlación bioestratigráfica de los paleovertebrados presentes en el Miembro Psamo-pelítico a la Formación Cañón del Colorado se le asignó edad Jurásico Inferior (Hettangiano - Toarciano).","palabras_clave":"FORMACIÓN CAÑÓN DEL COLORADO|ESTRATIGRAFÍA|PALEOAMBIENTES|JURÁSICO INFERIOR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114018,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A New Basal Sauropodomorph (Dinosauria: Saurischia) from Quebrada del Barro Formation (Marayes-El Carrizal Basin), Northwestern Argentina","resumen":"Background: Argentinean basal sauropodomorphs are known by several specimens from different basins; Ischigualasto, El Tranquilo, and Mogna. The Argentinean record is diverse and includes some of the most primitive known sauropodomorphs such as Panphagia and Chromogisaurus, as well as more derived forms, including several massospondylids. Until now, the Massospondylidae were the group of basal sauropodomorphs most widely spread around Pangea with a record in almost all continents, mostly from the southern hemisphere, including the only record from Antarctica.Methodology\/Principal Finding: We describe here a new basal sauropodomorph, Leyesaurus marayensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Quebrada del Barro Formation, an Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic unit that crops out in northwestern Argentina. The new taxon is represented by a partial articulated skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, scapular and pelvic girdles, and hindlimb. Leyesaurus is diagnosed by a set of unique features, such as a sharply acute angle (50 degrees) formed by the ascending process of the maxilla and the alveolar margin, a straight ascending process of the maxilla with a longitudinal ridge on its lateral surface, noticeably bulging labial side of the maxillary teeth, greatly elongated cervical vertebrae, and proximal articular surface of metatarsal III that is shelf-like and medially deflected. Phylogenetic analysis recovers Leyesaurus as a basal sauropodomorph, sister taxon of Adeopapposaurus within the Massospondylidae. Moreover, the results suggest that massospondylids achieved a higher diversity than previously thought.Conclusions\/Significance: Our phylogenetic results differ with respect to previous analyses by rejecting the massospondylid affinities of some taxa from the northern hemisphere (e.g., Seitaad, Sarahsaurus). As a result, the new taxon Leyesaurus, coupled with other recent discoveries, suggests that the diversity of massospondylids in the southern hemisphere was higher than in other regions of Pangea. Finally, the close affinities of Leyesaurus with the Lower Jurassic Massospondylus suggest a younger age for the Quebrada del Barro Formation than previously postulated.","palabras_clave":"Dinosauria|Jurásico|Sauropodomorpha|Filogenia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114019,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Deleción de los genes LIS1, ASPA, TRPV1 y CAMTA2 de la región 17p13.3 en un paciente con síndrome de Miller-Dieker","resumen":"La región 17p13.3 contiene un alto número de regiones repetitivas Alu que la convierten en una zona genómica inestable. &nbsp;La delecion de fragmentos génicos provoca la haplo-insuficiencia de uno o más de los genes que involucra. Las deleciones\/duplicaciones posibles en esta región son diversas en extensión y varían en sentido telomerico o centromérico. Alteraciones menores \u2013como las intragenicas- se relacionan principalmente con ILS, mientras que deleciones mayores y más distales se relacionan con MDS. En un paciente con dismorfismo facial, agenesia renal, anomalías cardíacas y rasgos característicos de MD, se estudio por MLPA la región 17p13.3 mediante 15 sondas específicas. Los resultados revelaron que la región delecionada en el paciente incluía LIS1 y ocurría en sentido centromérico, abarcando los genes ASPA, TRPV1 Y CAMTA2 en una región de 2,4Mb. Estudios previos han sugerido que deleciones de LIS1 junto con genes contiguos hacia el centrómero, no agregarían rasgos fenotípicos anómalos a la Lisencefalia. Sin embargo, el paciente presentado como caso clínico tiene rasgos típicamente relacionadas con MDS.&nbsp; Hasta nuestro conocimiento no existen trabajos previos relacionando los genes ASPA, TRPV1 Y CAMTA2 con MDS. Si bien somos concientes de que el análisis parcial de cada gen involucrado puede estar distorsionado en los \u201Csíndromes de genes contiguos\u201D, consideramos que estos datos pueden aportar a establecer cada vez más finamente la relación genotipo-fenotipo, identificar que genes tiene relación específica con un rasgo determinado, información tan necesaria para el consejo genético y pronostico de estas enfermedades.","palabras_clave":"MLPA|17p13.3|LISENCEFALIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114020,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aberrant DNA methylation of cancer-related genes in giant breast fibroadenoma: a case report","resumen":"Introduction: Giant fibroadenoma is an uncommon variant of benign breast lesions. Aberrant methylation of CpG islands (CpGIs) in promoter regions is known to be involved in silencing of genes (e.g., tumor-suppressor genes) and appears to be an early event in the etiology of breast carcinogenesis. Only hypermethylation of p16INK4a has been reported in non giant breast fibroadenoma. In this particular case, there is no previously published data of epigenetic alterations in giant fibroadenomas. Our previous results, based on the analysis of 49 cancer-related CpGIs, have confirmed that the aberrant methylation is specific of malignant breast tumors and that it is completely absent in normal breast tissue and breast fibroadenomas.         Case presentation: A 13-year-old Hispanic girl was referred after she had noted a progressive development of a mass in the left breast. At physical examination, a 10x10-cm lump was noted and axillary lymph nodes were not enlarged. After surgical removal the lump was diagnosed as a giant fibroadenoma. Because of the high growth rate of this benign tumor, we decided to analyze the methylation status of 49 CpGIs related to cell growth control. We have identified the methylation of five cancer-related CpGIs in the giant fibroadenoma tissue: ESR1, MGMT, WT-1, BRCA2 and CD44.                                                               Conclusion: In this report we show for first time the methylation analysis of a giant fibroadenoma. The detection of methylation of these five cancer-related regions indicates substantial epigenomic differences with non-giant fibroadenomas. Epigenetic alterations could explain the higher growth rate of this disease. Our data contribute to the growing knowledge of aberrant methylation in breast diseases. In this particular case, there existed non previous data regarding the role of methylation in giant fibroadenomas, considered by definition as a benign breast lesion.","palabras_clave":"ABERRANT METHYLATION|GIANT FIBRODENOMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114021,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Classification of immature mosquito species according to characteristics of the larval habitat in the subtropical province of Chaco, Argentina","resumen":"To classify mosquito species based on common features of their habitats, samples were obtained fortnightly between June 2001-October 2003 in the subtropical province of Chaco, Argentina. Data on the type of larval habitat, nature of the habitat (artificial or natural), size, depth, location related to sunlight, distance to the neighbouring houses, type of substrate, organic material, vegetation and algae type and their presence were collected. Data on the permanence, temperature, pH, turbidity, colour, odour and movement of the larval habitat?s water were also collected. From the cluster analysis, three groups of species associated by their degree of habitat similarity were obtained and are listed below. Group 1 consisted of Aedes aegypti. Group 2 consisted of Culex imitator, Culex davisi, Wyeomyia muehlensi and Toxorhynchites haemorrhoidalis separatus. Within group 3, two subgroups are distinguished: A (Psorophora ferox, Psorophora cyanescens, Psorophora varinervis, Psorophora confinnis, Psorophora cingulata, Ochlerotatus hastatus-oligopistus, Ochlerotatus serratus, Ochlerotatus scapularis, Culex intrincatus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex pilosus, Ochlerotatus albifasciatus, Culex bidens) and B (Culex maxi, Culex eduardoi, Culex chidesteri, Uranotaenia lowii, Uranotaenia pulcherrima, Anopheles neomaculipalpus, Anopheles triannulatus, Anopheles albitarsis, Uranotaenia apicalis, Mansonia humeralis and Aedeomyia squamipennis). Principal component analysis indicates that the size of the larval habitats and the presence of aquatic vegetation are the main characteristics that explain the variation among different species. In contrast, water permanence is second in importance. Water temperature, pH and the type of larval habitat are less important in explaining the clustering of species.","palabras_clave":"CULICIDAE|LARVAL HABITATS|SUBTROPICAL|CHACO - ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114022,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Puesta en valor de la dimensión material e inmaterial de la Colección del Museo Pío Collivadino. Una experiencia de abordaje interdisciplinario","resumen":"La colección del Museo \u201CPío Collivadino\u201D reúne documentación textual e iconográficade la trayectoria artística y docente de Pío Collivadino (1869-1945). El abordajeinterdisciplinario de la misma por parte de un equipo de historiadores del arte yespecialistas en conservación y restauración de papel, permitió tanto la preservaciónmaterial de la misma, como su recuperación para las investigaciones históricas.","palabras_clave":"COLLIVADINO|ACADEMIA|ARTE|INTERDISCIPLINARIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114023,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'MODULATION OF THE NORADRENERGIC ACTIVITY INDEX BY NEURAL STIMULUS, AND ITS PARTICIPATION IN OVARIAN ANDROSTENEDIONE RELEASE DURING THE LUTEAL PHASE\u201D.","resumen":"ABSTRACT  Objective: To investigate the participation of catecholamines in the association between peripheral innervation and luteal steroidogenesis  Design: Animal study  Setting: University animal laboratory  Animals: 6-8 virgin adult Holtzman strain female rats in control and experimental groups on dioestrus days 1 and 2 (D1 and D2).  Intervention: The coeliac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve-ovary system was removed and placed in one cuvette with two compartments. Catecholaminergic agonist and antagonists were added in the ganglion compartment (experimental group). The control group received no treatment.  Main outcome Measure(s): The ovarian neurotransmitters and their catabolites were measured by reverse?phase high-pressure liquid chromatografic and A2 by RIA.   Results: On D1, Dopamine (DA) and catabolite increased whereas norepinephrine (NE) decreased, and the noradrenergic neuronal activity index was higher. On D2, DA decreased, NE increased and dopaminergic neuronal neuronal activity was higher. A2 release was decreased by addition of NE in ganglion on D1, but was increased by NE antagonist, while on D2, NE increased A2 release and propranolol diminished it.   Conclusion(s): The ganglionic activity is modified by noradrenergic stimulus leading to different ovarian A2 release profiles and the peripheral nervous system is a modulator in these homeostatic mechanisms.    Key words: ovary, neurotransmitters and androstenedione.","palabras_clave":"Androstenedione|Neurotransmitter|Ovary"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114024,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Androstenedione acts on the celiac ganglion and modulates luteal function via the superior ovarian nerve in the post partum","resumen":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2011 Jul;125(3-5):243-50. Epub 2011 Mar 23.Androstenedione acts on the coeliac ganglion and modulates luteal function via the superior ovarian nerve in the postpartum rat.Vallcaneras SS, Casais M, Anzulovich AC, Delgado SM, Sosa Z, Telleria CM, Rastrilla AM.SourceConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient¨ªficas y T¨¦cnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratorio de Biolog¨ªa de la Reproducci¨®n (LABIR), Facultad de Qu¨ªmica, Bioqu¨ªmica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.AbstractAndrostenedione can affect luteal function via a neural pathway in the late pregnant rat. Here, we investigate whether androstenedione is capable of opposing to regression of pregnancy corpus luteum that occurs after parturition, indirectly, from the coeliac ganglion. Thus, androstenedione was added into the ganglionar compartment of an ex vivo coeliac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve-ovary system isolated from non-lactating rats on day 4 postpartum. At the end of incubation, we measured the abundance of progesterone, androstenedione and oestradiol released into the ovarian compartment. Luteal mRNA expression and activity of progesterone synthesis and degradation enzymes, 3¦Â-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (3¦Â-HSD) and 20¦Á-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (20¦Á-HSD), respectively, as well as the aromatase, Bcl-2, Bax, Fas and FasL transcript levels, were also determined. Additionally, we measured the ovarian release of norepinephrine, nitric oxide and luteal inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression. The presence of androstenedione in the ganglion compartment significantly increased the release of ovarian progesterone, androstenedione and oestradiol without modifying 3¦Â-HSD and 20¦Á-HSD activities or mRNA expression. The ovarian release of oestradiol in response to the presence of androstenedione in the ganglion compartment declined with time of incubation in accord with a reduction in the aromatase mRNA expression. Androstenedione added to the ganglion compartment decreased FasL mRNA expression, without affecting luteal Bcl-2, Bax and Fas transcript levels; also increased the release of norepinephrine, decreased the release of nitric oxide and increased iNOS mRNA. In summary, on day 4 after parturition, androstenedione can mediate a luteotropic effect acting at the coeliac ganglion and transmitting to the ovary a signaling via a neural pathway in association with increased release of norepinephrine, decreased nitric oxide release, and decreased expression of FasL.","palabras_clave":"androstenedione|ganglion|post-partum|corpus luteum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114025,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Inhibitory effects of ghrelin on sexual behavior: role of the peptide in the receptivity reduction induced by food restriction in mice","resumen":"Ghrelin (Ghr) is a gut \/ hypothalamus peptide with inhibitory actions on reproductive physiology; however, there are no previous reports of its role on estrous behavior. Under the hypothesis that the increase of plasma Ghr during food restriction (FR) is responsible for receptivity reduction, we intended to evaluate the receptivity percentage of female mice subjected to: exp. 1) acute and chronic FR and Ghr administration (3 nmol \/ animal \/ day, s. c.) and exp. 2) the co-administration of a ghrelin antagonist [ant = (D-Lys3)-GHRP-6; 6 nmol \/ animal \/ day s. c.]. All females were ovariectomized, primed with steroids, trained, and randomly subjected every week to each one of several protocols, followed by a behavioral test. Experiment 1 (n = 8): basal, no treatment; acute FR (aFR), 24-h fasting; chronic FR (cFR), 50 % FR for 5 days; acute ghrelin (aGhr), Ghr 30 min before test and chronic ghrelin (cGhr), Ghr for 5 days. Except for cGhr, all treatments signifi cantly decreased the percentage of receptivity (mean ± SEM): basal 61.9 ± 6.0, aFR 33.1 ± 8.1, cFR 18.8 ± 7.7, aGhr 45.6 ± 10.6, p < 0.05 vs. basal. In exp. 2 (n = 11), except for cFR + ant (55.0 ± 6.4) the co-administration of the antagonist reversed the deleterious eff ects detected in exp. 1: basal 70.9 ± 5.4; aFR + ant 72.3 ± 7.6; aGhr + ant 73.6 ± 4.7. As expected, the administration of vehicle or antagonist alone did not modify receptivity. Besides, we found a signifi cant correlation between percentage of body weight loss and percentage of receptivity reduction (r = 0.62, p = 0.0004). This is the fi rst study demonstrating that ghrelin is able to inhibit female mice sexual behavior and that is involved, at least in part, in receptivity reduction after food scarcity.","palabras_clave":"GHRELIN ANTAGONIST|(D-Lys3)-GHRP-6|SEXUAL BEHAVIOR|LORDOSIS|UNDERNUTRITION|FOOD DEPRIVATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114026,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Summer soil-precipitation coupling in South America","resumen":"      The soil moisture memory contributes to atmospheric variability and seasonal predictability and could potentially      affect the development of the South American Monsoon System. The relative importance of the local land surface      feedbacks and the large-scale dynamical processes during the different phases of the monsoon are still largely unknown.      We examine the impacts of land surface conditions during the mature monsoon phase with the Rossby Centre      Atmospheric regional model through calculating the coupling strength between soil moisture, evapotranspiration and      precipitation. Regions of high coupling strength (hotspots) are identified and analysed focusing on the link between      soil moisture\u2013evapotranspiration coupling and soil moisture\u2013precipitation coupling, the relation between the coupling      strength and seasonal predictability and the hotspots importance for extreme precipitation events. La Plata Basin and      northeastern Brazil are identified as hotspots due to evapotranspiration recycling. A region within the South Atlantic      Convergence Zone is identified as a hotspot of precipitation explained by moisture advection. Extreme precipitation      events are repressed in parts of La Plata Basin when the link between precipitation and soil moisture is cut through      using prescribed soil moisture.","palabras_clave":"SOIL MOISTURE|LAND-ATMOSPHERE COUPLING|SOUTH AMERICAN MONSOON SYSTEM|REGIONAL MODELING|COUPLING STRENGTH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114027,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Extreme events in the Ti:Sapphire laser","resumen":"We report experimental and theoretical evidence of the existence of extreme value events in the form of scarce andrandomly emerging giant pulses in the femtosecond (self-pulsing or Kerr-lens mode-locked) Ti:sapphire laser. Thislaser displays complex dynamical behavior, including deterministic chaos, in two different regimes. The extremevalue pulses are observed in the chaotic state of only one of these two regimes. The observations agree with thepredictions of a well-tested theoretical model that does not include noise or self-Q-switching into its framework.This implies that, in this laser, the extreme effects have a nontrivial dynamical origin. The Ti:sapphire laser is hencerevealed as a new and convenient system for the study of these effects.Q-switching into its framework.This implies that, in this laser, the extreme effects have a nontrivial dynamical origin. The Ti:sapphire laser is hencerevealed as a new and convenient system for the study of these effects.","palabras_clave":"Ultrafast lasers|Kerr effect|Pulse propagation and temporal solitons|Ultrafast nonlinear optics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114028,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Extreme value events in self pulsing lasers","resumen":"We report experimental and theoretical evidence of the existence of extreme value events (sometimes named ?optical rogue waves?) in two types of lasers of widespread use, both belonging to the ?laser with a saturable absorber? scenario. One is the Kerr-lens-mode-locking Ti:Sapphire (fs pulses) laser, the other one is the all-solid-state Cr+Nd:YAG (ns pulses) laser. Extreme value events are observed in some (not all) the chaotic regimes of both lasers. A well-tested theoretical model, based on a five variables iterative map, describes the observations for the former case in a complete way. The usual description in terms of rate equations apparently fails to predict extreme events for the latter, implying that this description must be improved.","palabras_clave":"LASER DYNAMICS|OPTICAL ROGUE WAVES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114030,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Two new species of Marasmius ( Basidiomycetes, Marasmiaceae ) from a xeric zone of Argentina","resumen":"M. rosatus and M. pseudoquercophilus are proposed as new species. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of their macro- and microscopic characters are provided. The adaptation of M. rosatus and M. pseudoquercophilus to their xeric habitat is a fascinating aspect of both new species.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINEAN|MARASMIACEAE|TAXONOMY|XERIC ADAPTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114031,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Abundance determination of multiple star-forming regions in the HII galaxy SDSS J165712.75+321141.4","resumen":"We analyse high signal-to-noise ratio spectrophotometric observations acquired simultaneously with TWIN, a double-arm spectrograph, from 3400 to 10 400Å of three star-forming regions in the HII galaxy SDSS J165712.75+321141.4. We have measured four line temperatures -Te([O III]), Te([S III]), Te([O II]) and Te([S II])- with high-precision, rms errors of the order of 2, 5, 6 and 6 per cent, respectively, for the brightest region, and slightly worse for the other two. The temperature measurements allowed the direct derivation of ionic abundances of oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, neon and argon.    We have computed CLOUDY tailor-made models which reproduce the O2+ measured thermal and ionic structures within the errors in the three knots, with deviations of only 0.1 dex in the case of O+ and S2+ ionic abundances. In the case of the electron temperature and the ionic abundances of S+\/H+, we find major discrepancies which could be the consequence of the presence of colder diffuse gas. The star formation history derived using STARLIGHT shows a similar age distribution of the ionizing population among the three star-forming regions. This fact suggests a similar evolutionary history which is probably related to the process of interaction with a companion galaxy that triggered the star formation in the different regions almost at the same time. The hardness of the radiation field mapped through the use of the softness parameter eta is the same within the observational errors for all three regions, implying that the equivalent effective temperatures of the radiation fields are very similar for all the studied regions of the galaxy, in spite of some small differences in the ionization state of different elements. Regarding the kinematics of the galaxy, the gas rotation curve shows a deviation from the circular motion probably due either to an interaction process or to an expanding bubble or shell of the ionized gas approaching us. A dynamical mass of 2.5×10^10Msun is derived from the rotation curve.","palabras_clave":"ISM: abundances|HII regions|galaxies: abundances|galaxies: fundamental parameters|galaxies: starburst|galaxies: stellar content"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114032,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio de la Pérdida de Carga y de la Transferencia de Calor en un Lecho Fluidizado Burbujeante mediante CFD","resumen":"Se utilizó la licencia académica del software ANSYS-Fluent 13.0 para simular el comportamiento de una unidad de lecho fluidizado a escala laboratorio instalada en PROMES (Laboratoire PROcédés Matériaux et Énergie Solaire), CNRS, Francia. Se llevó a cabo el estudio fluidodinámico del lecho fluidizado bajo diferentes condiciones operativas, típicas de los procesos de incineración de materiales tales como biomasa, carbón, residuos domiciliarios, entre otros.Se acopló a este estudio el análisis térmico del lecho debido a que resulta necesario el suministro de calor al mismo de manera de lograr una condición térmica adecuada para el desarrollo del proceso de incineración. La temperatura de operación de la unidad fluidizada experimental se mantiene mediante la acción de resistencias de potencia variable ubicadas alrededor de la pared del lecho. Para la fluidización se utiliza aire cuya temperatura de entrada puede seleccionarse mediante la activación de un sistema calefactor secundario.Las simulaciones se realizaron en un sistema de dos dimensiones con la utilización del modelo multifásico Euleriano, en régimen transitorio. Las partículas se consideraron esféricas, de tamaño uniforme y con las propiedades correspondientes a la arena utilizada en el lecho experimental. Como modelo de arrastre, entre de las alternativas disponibles en el software, se seleccionó la función de Gidaspow (D. Gidaspow et.al., Fluidization VII, Proc. 7th Eng. Foundation Conf. Fluidization, 75?82 (1992)). Adicionalmente, para la transferencia de calor entre la fase gaseosa y la fase granular, se utilizó el modelo de Gunn (D. J. Gunn, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 21:467-476 (1978)).Se presentan los resultados de pérdida de carga del lecho fluidizado para dos condiciones térmicas de operación extremas, 873 y 1123 K. Los datos de pérdida de carga obtenidos a partir de las simulaciones son comparados con el resultado del balance de fuerzas para la condición de mínima fluidización, observándose una buena concordancia.Adicionalmente se simuló el estado transitorio de arranque del equipo para diferentes condiciones tanto de temperatura de entrada del aire como de flujo de calor a través de la pared de la unidad. Con la finalidad de considerar una eventual mejora o cambio en el dispositivo de suministro de calor, también se realizaron simulaciones con valores de flujo superiores al máximo alcanzable por el dispositivo original. Los transitorios de arranque resultantes son coincidentes con los rangos de tiempo observados en el equipo experimental","palabras_clave":"LECHO FLUIDIZADO|PÉRDIDA DE CARGA|TRANSFERENCIA DE CALOR|CFD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114033,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rapid test for detection of imidazolinone resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)","resumen":"The development of imidazolinone (IMI) resistant sunflower cultivars represents a great advantage in controlling weeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of sunflower genotypes to the presence of IMIs in a soil-less bioassay. Six genotypes differing in IMI resistance were planted in pots filled with perlite and watered with different imazapyr doses. Differences among resistant, intermediate and susceptible genotypes were observed 8-15 days after planting. The susceptible genotype showed stunted plantlets. The intermediate genotypes developed reduced lateral roots when exposed to imazapyr. The resistant inbred line was only affected at the highest herbicide concentrations. Differences in aerial growth were also observed among genotypes. The bioassay described in this study is a rapid, simple and cost-effective method for early screening herbicide resistant genotypes. This diagnostic test could be a useful tool when breeding for IMI resistance in sunflower.","palabras_clave":"acetolactate synthase|acetohydroxyacid synthase|herbicide resistance|root growth"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114034,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Regulation of Translational Efficiency by Different Splice Variants of the Disc Large 1 Oncosuppressor 5'-UTR","resumen":"Human Disc large (DLG1) has been demonstrated to be involved in the control of cell polarity and maintenance of tissue architecture, and is frequently lost in human tumours. However, the mechanisms controlling DLG1 expression are poorly understood. To further examine the regulation of DLG1 expression, we analysed the 5´ ends of DLG1 transcripts by rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction. We identified an alternative splicing event in the 5´ region of DLG1 mRNA that generates transcripts with two different 5´ untranslated regions (5´-UTRs). We show by reporter assays that the DLG1 5´-UTR containing an alternatively spliced exon interferes with the translation of a downstream open reading frame (ORF). However, no significant differences in mRNA stability among the DLG1 5´-UTR variants were observed. Sequence analysis of the additional exon present in the larger DLG1 5´-UTR showed the presence of an upstream short ORF which is lost in the short version of the 5´-UTR DLG1. By mutagenesis and luciferase assays, we analysed the contribution of this upstream short ORF in reducing translation efficiency, and showedthat its disruption can revert, to some extent, the negative regulation of large 5´-UTR. Using computational modelling we also show that the large DLG1 5´-UTR isoform forms a more stable structure than the short version, and this may contribute to its ability to repress translation. This represents the first analysis of the 5´ region of the DLG1 transcripts andshows that differential expression of alternatively spliced 5´-UTRs with different translational properties could result in changes in DLG1 abundance.","palabras_clave":"cancer|DLG1|polarity|translation regulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114035,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El género Navicula sensu stricto (Bacillariophyceae) en humedales de altura de Jujuy, Argentina","resumen":"Aquí presentamos los resultados del estudio de la diversidad del género Navicula Bory en 22humedales de altura de la provincia de Jujuy, Argentina (22° 30? - 22° 44? S; y 66° 39? - 66° 59? W; entre 3500 y 4683 m snm), incluyendo el Complejo Lagunar Vilama. Los ambientes con mayor riqueza de especies fueron las lagunas Vilama, Catal, Rincón de las Cajas y Del Arenal, mientras que en la laguna Colorada el género estuvo ausente. Las especies con mayor frecuencia de ocurrencia fueron Navicula lauca Rumrich & Lange-Bertalot, N. paranicota Rumrich & Lange-Bertalot, N. salinicola Hustedt var. salinicola y N. veneta Kützing.En este trabajo discutimos algunos aspectos ecológicos, biogeográficos y taxonómicos y asignamos a una de las dos Secciones del género a las especies exclusivamente americanas. Con esta contribución ampliamos el conocimiento disponible sobre las diatomeas de ambientes de altura de Sudamérica.","palabras_clave":"diatomeas|Navicula|humedales|alta montaña"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114036,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Liver Glucokinase: An Overview on the Regulatory Mechanisms of its Activity","resumen":"Blood glucose, the natural source of energy substrate for the cells in intact animals, must be maintained within tight range to cope with the cell demand. Since glycaemia fluctuates according to fasting and feeding state, the liver plays a key role in glucose homeostasis either increasing or decreasing its glucose output and uptake. In this context, liver glucokinase (GCK) becomes a key player and a complex net of mechanisms modulates its activity in a coordinated manner: in the postprandial period the simultaneous rise in blood glucose and insulin increase GCK activity by combining enhanced gene expression, changes in cellular location and interaction with regulatory proteins. Conversely, in the fasting state the low blood glucose and insulin concentration together with a rise in glucagon concentration shuts-down GCK activity. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the regulation of hepatic GCK activity.","palabras_clave":"Liver glucokinase activity|transcriptional and post-transcriptional glucokinase activity regulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114037,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Rat liver uncoupling protein 2:  changes induced by a fructose-rich diet","resumen":"AIM:     To evaluate the role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the response of liver to glycoxidative stress triggered by administration of a fructose-rich diet (FRD).  MAIN METHODS:     We assessed blood glucose in the fasting state and after a glucose load (glucose-oxidase method), serum triglyceride (enzymatic measurement), insulin (radioimmunoassay), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (colorimetric kits) in control and FRD animals. In liver, we measured UCP2, PPAR&#945;, PPAR&#948; and PPAR&#947; gene (real-time PCR) and protein (Western blot) expression, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) gene expression, as well as triglyceride content.  KEY FINDINGS:     Blood glucose, serum insulin and triglyceride levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indexes and impaired glucose tolerance were higher in FRD rats. Whereas UCP2 and PPAR&#948; gene and protein expression increased in these animals; PPAR&#947; levels were lower and those of PPAR&#945; remained unchanged. FRD also increased the mRNA expression of PPAR&#948; target genes FAS and GPAT.  SIGNIFICANCE:     Our results suggest that a) the increased UCP2 gene and protein expression measured in FRD rats could be part of a compensatory mechanism to reduce reactive oxygen species production induced by the fructose overload, and b) PPARs expression participates actively in the regulation of UCP2 expression, and under the metabolic condition tested, PPAR&#948; played a key role. This knowledge would help to better understand the mechanisms involved in liver adaptation to fructose-induced glycoxidative stress, and to develop appropriate prevention strategies in obesity and type 2 diabetes.","palabras_clave":"fructose rich-diet|liver|UCP-2|PPAR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114038,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Double ionization of helium by bare ions: theoretical study of the fully differential cross sections","resumen":"This work presents a theoretical study of fully differential cross sections (FDCSs) for the double ionization of an He target by ion impact within a distorted wave model. The initial atomic system is described by two approximated wave functions of different accuracy proposed by Bonham and Kohl. For the final channel several models are considered based upon improvements and simplifications of the well-known three-body Coulomb (3C) model. The influence of the receding projectile on the resulting fragments is also studied by implementing a model with effective charges that depend on the momenta of the four particles. The FDCSs resulting for different electron energy sharing are discussed. The sensitivity of the FDCSs to the projectile charge sign and magnitude is explored over the energy range 700 keV\/amu through 6 MeV\/amu.","palabras_clave":"DOUBLE IONIZATION|HELIUM|PROTON IMPACT|ANTIPROTON IMPACT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114039,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Conserved ram seminal plasma proteins bind to the sperm membrane and repair cryopreservation damage","resumen":"Whole seminal plasma (SP) enhances the function and fertility of frozen\/thawed ram sperm. The objective of the current study was to investigate whether SP proteins capable of binding to molecules from the sperm plasma membrane were conserved among ram breeds, and whether these proteins were sufficient to overcome cryopreservation-induced reductions in sperm quality. Whole ram SP, obtained from rams of various breeds, improved progressive motility of frozen\/thawed sperm at all times evaluated (P &lt; 0.05); however, it did not improve total motility (15 min, P = 0.480; 30 min, P = 0.764; and 45 min, P = 0.795). To identify SP proteins responsible for this effect, a new method was developed to retain SP proteins that bound specifically to the sperm membrane by immobilization of sperm membrane proteins. These proteins specifically bound to the sperm surface, especially the acrosomal region. Lactotransferrin, epididymal secretory protein E1, Synaptosomal-associated protein 29, and RSVP-20 were identified (mass spectrometry) in this fraction. The retained SP proteins fraction repaired ultrastructural damage of frozen\/thawed sperm and, with the addition of fructose, significantly improved motility of frozen\/thawed sperm. We concluded that SP proteins that bound to the sperm membrane were conserved among ram breeds, and that when added to frozen\/thawed semen (along with an energy source), they repaired ram sperm damage and enhanced sperm motility.","palabras_clave":"Sperm, |Seminal plasma proteins, |Ram, |Semen cryopreservation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114040,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preparation and modification of chitosan particles for Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilization","resumen":"Chitosan particles, suitable as immobilization support, were prepared by precipitation and modified by reductive amination in order to graft linear aliphatic chains of 12 carbon atoms to their native amine groups. Their physical characterization was performed by different techniques: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), air?water contact angle analysis, among others. Lipases from Rhizomucor miehei (RM) were immobilized by adsorption at low ionic strength onto different modified chitosan microspheres. Their ability to catalyze the acidolysis reaction between sunflower oil and palmitic and stearic free fatty acids was evaluated in a solvent medium. Effects of modification conditions on the particles hydrophobic character, lipase adsorption and acidolysis activity were investigated. Modified particles were bigger and more hydrophobic than unmodified ones. The most active biocatalyst achieved a change in the composition of palmitic and stearic acid from a value of 9.6% in the original oil to 49.1% in the final structured lipids, representing an almost 3-fold enzyme hyperactivation. This high conversion was maintained during 7 reuse cycles (168 total hours). The results demonstrated that the chitosan modification was effective in order to adsorb and hyperactivate RM lipases.","palabras_clave":"CHITOSAN|REDUCTIVE AMINATION|ADSORPTION|RHIZOMUCOR MIEHEI LIPASE|ACIDOLYSIS|STRUCTURED LIPIDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114041,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Solvent Extraction Modeling of Vegetable Oil and its Minor Compounds","resumen":"A two-dimensional transitory mathematical model developed in a previous paper is expanded and applied to represent the extraction process of oil and its minor compounds (phospholipids, tocopherols and waxes) in a De Smet industrial extractor. Diffusivities and equilibrium parameters are obtained from experimental batch extractions. The mathematical model is solved numerically to predict the concentration of oil and minor compounds in miscella and collets in the different sections of the extractor. The concentration of phospholipids and crystallized waxes in the solid decreases slowly, being sharper at the end of the process. Tocopherols and triacylglycerols are extracted more quickly at 60 C. Numerical simulations of the extraction process reveal that it would be possible to obtain oil with smaller concentrations of phospholipids and waxes, working at 60 C and using fewer stages. Since the last stages do not produce a significant increment of the oil yield at 60 C, the model results show that the extractor is over dimensioned.","palabras_clave":"MATHEMATICAL MODEL|OILSEED|SOLVENT EXTRACTION|MINOR COMPOUNDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114042,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"E2F1-Mediated Upregulation of p19INK4d Determines Its Periodic Expression during Cell Cycle and Regulates Cellular Proliferation","resumen":"Background: A central aspect of development and disease is the control of cell proliferation through regulation of themitotic cycle. Cell cycle progression and directionality requires an appropriate balance of positive and negative regulatorswhose expression must fluctuate in a coordinated manner. p19INK4d, a member of the INK4 family of CDK inhibitors, has aunique feature that distinguishes it from the remaining INK4 and makes it a likely candidate for contributing to thedirectionality of the cell cycle. p19INK4d mRNA and protein levels accumulate periodically during the cell cycle undernormal conditions, a feature reminiscent of cyclins.A central aspect of development and disease is the control of cell proliferation through regulation of themitotic cycle. Cell cycle progression and directionality requires an appropriate balance of positive and negative regulatorswhose expression must fluctuate in a coordinated manner. p19INK4d, a member of the INK4 family of CDK inhibitors, has aunique feature that distinguishes it from the remaining INK4 and makes it a likely candidate for contributing to thedirectionality of the cell cycle. p19INK4d mRNA and protein levels accumulate periodically during the cell cycle undernormal conditions, a feature reminiscent of cyclins.Methodology\/Principal Findings: In this paper, we demonstrate that p19INK4d is transcriptionally regulated by E2F1through two response elements present in the p19INK4d promoter. Ablation of this regulation reduced p19 levels andrestricted its expression during the cell cycle, reflecting the contribution of a transcriptional effect of E2F1 on p19periodicity. The induction of p19INK4d is delayed during the cell cycle compared to that of cyclin E, temporally separatingthe induction of these proliferative and antiproliferative target genes. Specific inhibition of the E2F1-p19INK4d pathwayusing triplex-forming oligonucleotides that block E2F1 binding on p19 promoter, stimulated cell proliferation and increasedthe fraction of cells in S phase.In this paper, we demonstrate that p19INK4d is transcriptionally regulated by E2F1through two response elements present in the p19INK4d promoter. Ablation of this regulation reduced p19 levels andrestricted its expression during the cell cycle, reflecting the contribution of a transcriptional effect of E2F1 on p19periodicity. The induction of p19INK4d is delayed during the cell cycle compared to that of cyclin E, temporally separatingthe induction of these proliferative and antiproliferative target genes. Specific inhibition of the E2F1-p19INK4d pathwayusing triplex-forming oligonucleotides that block E2F1 binding on p19 promoter, stimulated cell proliferation and increasedthe fraction of cells in S phase.Conclusions\/Significance: The results described here support a model of normal cell cycle progression in which, followingphosphorylation of pRb, free E2F induces cyclin E, among other target genes. Once cyclinE\/CDK2 takes over as the cell cycledriving kinase activity, the induction of p19 mediated by E2F1 leads to inhibition of the CDK4,6-containing complexes,bringing the G1 phase to an end. This regulatory mechanism constitutes a new negative feedback loop that terminates theG1 phase proliferative signal, contributing to the proper coordination of the cell cycle and provides an additionalmechanism to limit E2F activity.The results described here support a model of normal cell cycle progression in which, followingphosphorylation of pRb, free E2F induces cyclin E, among other target genes. Once cyclinE\/CDK2 takes over as the cell cycledriving kinase activity, the induction of p19 mediated by E2F1 leads to inhibition of the CDK4,6-containing complexes,bringing the G1 phase to an end. This regulatory mechanism constitutes a new negative feedback loop that terminates theG1 phase proliferative signal, contributing to the proper coordination of the cell cycle and provides an additionalmechanism to limit E2F activity.","palabras_clave":"E2F1|p19INK4d|Cell Cycle|DNA Repair"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114043,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phenotypic variation of basic wood density in Pinus ponderosa plus trees","resumen":"La selección fenotípica generalmente reduce la variabilidad de los caracteres seleccionados y la de los caracteres asociados. Algunas   especies muestran asociación negativa entre crecimiento y densidad de la madera. En este estudio, se evaluó la densidad básica de la   madera en un grupo de 23 árboles control y 25 árboles plus de Pinus ponderosa seleccionados por criterios de crecimiento y forma   en la región norpatagónica de Argentina. Las muestras provinieron de cuatro sitios con diferente clima y silvicultura. El objetivo   fue determinar si la variación fenotípica de la densidad de la madera pudo haber sido afectada por la selección para productividad y   forma. La densidad media de la madera de los arboles plus fue de 0,37 g cm-3, variando desde 0,29 hasta 0,46 g cm-3. Estos valores no   fueron significativamente diferentes a los registrados en los árboles control y similares a los previamente registrados para P. ponderosa  creciendo en la región. La densidad de la madera de la población de mejora (árboles plus) no difirió de la población base donde fue   seleccionada. Diferencias significativas para la densidad de la madera se pudieron establecer entre sitios y clases de edad. El incremento   de la densidad desde la médula hacia la corteza y la variación fenotípica entre árboles fue significativamente diferente de cero. La   densidad no se encontró asociada a las características de crecimiento y forma, por las cuales los árboles plus fueron seleccionados,   excepto con la rectitud de fuste. Sería posible identificar árboles de alta densidad básica cerca de la mitad del turno de rotación.","palabras_clave":"densidad básica de la madera|medidas repetidas|mejoramiento genético|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114044,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Layered double hydroxides such as an effectively reservoir for indomethacin and sodium indomethacin","resumen":"Layer double hydroxides (LDH) have been used as catalysts, ion exchangers, adsorbents(1-3). LDH of Mg-Al is biocompatible and has pharmaceutical applications, such as antacids, drug stabilizer, for the therapy of digestive disorders, and others(4). These materials consist of nano-layers of hydroxides, positively charged, and interlayer exchangeable anions. In the present work, Indomethacin (Indo) and Sodium Indomethacin (IndoNa) was incorporated into LDH Mg-Al-Cl by the anionic exchange method.","palabras_clave":"drug delivery|double layered hydroxides|indomethacin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114045,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"No reduction of HCV viral load in HIV patients co-infected with HCV genotype 1 during a 30 days course of nitazoxanide monotherapy","resumen":"There are two new drugs approved and several in development for treatment of chronic HCV; among them nitazoxanide (NTZ). Twelve HIV\/HCV genotype 1 co-infected patients were enrolled prospectively to receive a 30 days course of oral NTZ 500 mg bid. This therapy was well tolerated in this group of HIV patients co-infected with HCV genotype 1. Nevertheless no changes in HCV viral load were observed during treatment in none of the patients evaluated. This data suggests that despite the promising results reported for HCV genotype 4 mono-infected patients, NTZ exhibit poor activity as monotherapy in HIV\/HCV co-infected patients with genotype 1.","palabras_clave":"HIV|HCV|NITAZOXANIDE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114046,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Molecular characterization of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 sequences in HIV-coinfected patients from Argentina","resumen":"The prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 (HCV-4) is increasing in different parts of the World but in Latin America the data are still scarce. We aimed to characterize HCV-4 isolates from 383 HIV-coinfected patients in Argentina. Sequence analyses were based on the non-structural 5B region of HCV. Results from 18 patients indicated a genetic heterogeneity that involved three genotype 4 subtypes. Sequences were ascribed to subtype 4d (67%), 4a (22%) and 4m (11%). In spite of different sources of transmission were defined among patients, no statistical association was found with the genotype 4 subtype. The scenario is also compatible with multiple importation of the epidemic and there is no evidence for transmission\u2013specific clusters or network-like transmission of HCV-4. This HCV-4 does not represent a recent introduction in Argentina, it circulates in all transmission groups and its presence is increasing among HIV-infected patients. ","palabras_clave":"HIV|HCV|GENOTYPE 4"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114047,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Two new species of Boopis (Calyceraceae) from Argentina","resumen":"We describe and illustrate two new species of Boopis from Argentina:Boopis pterocalyx (Mendoza province) and Boopis necronensis (Catamarca and La Rioja provinces). Both species are easily distinguished from the remaining species of Boopis (sensu lato, including Nastanthus) by the foliose, imbricate sepals, which become foliose and orbicular in the fruit of B. pterocalyx, or navicular, obtuse-mucronate and corky in the fruit of B. necronensis. A geographical distribution map, complete descriptions, and illustrations are also included.","palabras_clave":"CALYCERACEAE|BOOPIS|TAXONOMY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114048,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Landscape and vacation preferences of urban dwellers in Buenos Aires ( Argentina)","resumen":"Landscape forms define different kinds of activities and influence tourists\u2019 and visitors\u2019 expectations. Knowledge of users\u2019 typology is a fundamental aspect to be considered in sustainable tourism. In this study we analyze the public perception associated with preferences for landscape and tourist destination. Surveys were applied to users visiting five urban nature reserves in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. Experiential and experimental preferences for landscape features were classified in ten categories; vacation was discriminated in beach, mountain, city and rural destinations and both were contrasted with the profiles and education levels of respondents on the background of Argentina as a country with high landscape diversity. There were significant differences between education levels and landscape preferences for four features: variety, one element of the landscape, sensorial features and color; while age was significant for six landscape features: maintenance, one element of the landscape, variety, wilderness, admiration and sensorial features. Beach landscapes, followed by mountain landscapes, were the preferred destinations selected by all groups of respondents, except for the group of people with elementary school education who chose rural destinations as their second preference.                                     ","palabras_clave":"PREFERENCES|VACATION|RURAL TOURISM|AGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114049,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Recomendaciones de restauración para las márgenes ribereñas de una cuenca urbana","resumen":"El 30 % de la población argentina vive en el área metropolitana, donde la falta de planificación sumada a un uso descuidado del ambiente impacta severamente los cursos de agua. Un río muy representativo de esta situación es el río Matanza Riachuelo. Reclamos de la sociedad civil han impulsado a las autoridades a tomar medidas al respecto. Según los últimos informes de gestión de ACUMAR, se continúa con las tareas de limpieza, desmalezado y forestación de las márgenes a cargo de AySA. Son conocidas las ventajas de las plantaciones de árboles, como la protección costera, el secuestro de carbono y la provisión de una variedad de hábitats para la fauna. Sin embargo, la forestación sobre la línea de ribera puede ocasionar erosión dada la caída ocasional de ejemplares, dejando huecos profundos. A esta desventaja se suma el hecho de que las tareas de limpieza y desmalezado de las márgenes incluyen el corte de césped y de la mayoría de la vegetación helófita dejando amplios parches de suelo desnudo. Estos parches no sólo favorecen la acumulación clandestina de basura, sino que disminuyen la capacidad de filtración y depuración del agua y del suelo que proveen las plantas herbáceas, además de propiciar la invasión de especies exóticas en las márgenes. ¿Son entonces adecuadas las medidas actuales de limpieza y restauración de márgenes? Como alternativa se propone la conservación de la vegetación ribereña nativa, y la implantación de herbáceas nativas en aquellos sitios degradados, de manera de favorecer la biorremediación y conservación del suelo, agua y sedimentos.","palabras_clave":"RECOMENDACIÓN|RESTAURACIÓN|MÁRGENES RIBEREÑOS|CUENCA URBANA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114050,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biological Activities of Castela coccinea Griseb. Extracts","resumen":"Infusions of leaf and bark of Castela coccinea Griseb. (Simaroubaceae) were traditionally used against dysentery. In this work, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity were studied in C. coccinea extracts. The higest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular usehigest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useagainst dysentery. In this work, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity were studied in C. coccinea extracts. The higest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular usehigest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useCastela coccinea Griseb. (Simaroubaceae) were traditionally used against dysentery. In this work, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity were studied in C. coccinea extracts. The higest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular usehigest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useC. coccinea extracts. The higest DPPH scavenging activity was detected in ethanolic leaf extracts with an IC50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular useextracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular use50= 0.015 mg\/ml. Bark ethanolic extracts showed inhibition of lipoperoxidation and free radical scavenging. However, a previous work evidencedthat this extract is toxic at a concentration needed to show antioxidant activity. It might be consider thatwood could be used instead of bark extract as the first one showing higher scavenging activity (Wood 55 %,Bark 33 % of DPPH scavenging) and good inhibition of lipoperoxidation. It is a very interesting fact the hightannin and mucilage content, which are localized particularly in leaves. The high antioxidant activity and abundantmucilage and tannin contents could justify, at least in part, its popular use","palabras_clave":"ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE|CASTELA |MUCILAGOS|SIMAROUBACEAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114051,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DFT study of isocyanate chemisorption on Cu(100) Correlation between substrate\u2013adsorbate charge transfer and intermolecular interactions","resumen":"The adsorption of isocyanate (&#8722;NCO) species on Cu(100) was studied using the density functional theory(DFT) and the periodic slab model. The calculations indicate that at low and intermediate coverages NCOadsorbs preferentially on bridge and hollow sites. Work function and dipole moment changes show a significant negative charge transfer from Cu to NCO. The resulting charged NCO species interact repulsively among themselves being these dipole\u2013dipole interactions particularly intensive when they are adsorbed in adjacent sites. Consequently, isocyanates tend to be separated from each other generating the vacant sites required for the dissociation to N and CO. This condition for NCO dissociation has been suggested in the past from experimental observations. A comparison was also performed with the NCO adsorption on Pd(100). In particular, the calculated minimal energy barrier for NCO dissociation was found to be higher on Cu(100) than on Pd(100) in accord with the well known higher NCO stability on Cu(100).","palabras_clave":"ADSORPTION|NCO|COPPER|WORK FUNCTION|DIPOLE MOMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114052,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Properties of different lactic acid bacteria isolated from Apis mellifera L. bee-gut","resumen":"Eight strains belonging to Lactobacillus spp. and five to Enterococcus spp. were isolated from the gut of worker Apis mellifera L. bees. Studies based on 16SrRNA sequencing revealed that AJ5, IG9, A15 and CRL1647 strains had a 99% identity with L. johnsonii, while SM21 showed a 99% similarity with E. faecium. L. johnsonii CRL1647, AJ5 and IG9 were high lactic acid producers (values between 177 and 275 mM), and in vitro they inhibited different human food- borne pathogens and Paenibacillus larvae, the American foulbood agent. This bacterium was the most sensitive to the lactic acid effect being inhibited by 44 mM of this metabolite. L. johnsoniiCRL1647, AJ5 and IG9 also presented important surface properties. These cells showed between 77 to 93% of auto-aggregation. The preliminary study of the chemical nature of the aggreagting factors revealed that the molecules involved in the surface of each L. johnsonii strain were quite complex; and something of a peptidic nature was mainly involved. E. faecium SM21 produced bacteriocin-like compounds with anti-Listeria effects. Furthermore, a band close to 6.0-7.5 kDA was detected by SDS-PAGE studies, and the entA, B and P structural genes were amplified by PCR reactions. For the first time, bee-gut associated Lactobacillus johnsonii and Enterococcus faecium strains have been isolated, identified, cultivated and some of their functional properties reported.","palabras_clave":"Lactobacillus johnsonii|Lactic acid bacteria|Apis mellifera L|Bee-gut microbiota"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114053,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Patagonia, archivo etnológico y nación en el primer peronismo. Una lectura descolonial","resumen":"A partir de las fotografías y el material recolectado por Imbelloni durante la expedición que encabezó al Territorio Nacional de Santa Cruz y la Gobernación Militar de Comodoro Rivadavia durante el verano de 1949, y presentado en Los Patagones. Características corporales y psicológicas de una población que agoniza, discutimos como en conjunto estos datos representan una reorganización del campo etnográfico rioplatense tanto en términos de sus objetos como de su epistemología. A partir de esta constatación, trabajamos en dos direcciones complementarias: una, guiada por los discursos de nación y las instituciones que los desplegaban en  relación con la antropología, lo que revelaría tensiones en torno a la constitución del archivo etnológico en la coyuntura de la irrupción de las masas peronistas. La otra, una encuesta sobre la base del repaso de la serie fotográfica, destinada a mostrar cómo, en la base de la organización del saber producida por estas etnografías, se delineaba una preceptiva que producía sujetos racializados para conservarlos en guetos, lo que colisionaba a su vez con la configuración vanguardista de la iconografía del pueblo peronista. Ponemos de relieve el problema de la espacialidad de los cuerpos\/objetos de esas operaciones, reinscriptos en diferencias de la dinámica colonialidad\/modernidad.       From the photographs and material collected by José imbelloni during the  expedition he led to Territorio Nacional de Santa Cruz and Gobernación Militar de Comodoro Rivadavia during 1949`s summer, we discuss how these data represent a reorganization of the Buenos Aires ethnographic field in terms of its objects and its epistemology.  From this point, we work in two complementary directions: one, guided by the discourses of nation and the institutions that deployed them in connection with anthropology, which reveal tensions over the constitution of ethnological archive at the juncture of Peronist masses outbreak. The other, a survey on the basis of a review of photographic series, designed to show how, at the base of the organization of the knowledge produced by these ethnographies, it outlined precepts that produce racialized subjects in order to keep them in ghettos, which in turn it collided with the cutting edge configuration of the Peronist pueblo iconography.  We emphasize the problem of spatiality of bodies \/ objects of these operations, reenrolled in the dynamic of difference in coloniality\/modernity.","palabras_clave":"IMBELLONI|BORMIDA|DESCOLONIAL|TEHUELCHES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114054,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Rutas de comunicación trasandina de los cazadores recolectores en el centro - oeste de Chubut","resumen":"  En estudios arqueológicos realizados en el Noroeste de la Patagonia se han encontrado evidencias de ocupaciones humanas desde comienzos del Holoceno tardío y de la circulación de materiales hallados en estos sitios entre ambas vertientes de la Cordillera. Sobre la base del comportamiento humano y de factores ambientales, se evalúa la existencia de vías de comunicación pedestre de menor riesgo y costo energético. En un entorno SIG (Sistema de Información Geográfica) se identifican estas vías de circulación entre sitios arqueológicos empleando una superficie de fricción que contempla el grado de resistencia impuesto por los tipos de cobertura, la altitud y las pendientes del terreno, la cercanía a orillas de ríos, arroyos, lagos y mar. Se partió de mapas vectoriales de ríos, lagos, mar, de curvas de nivel&nbsp;para elaborar el DEM y de bordes de cuerpos de agua. El mapa de cobertura se obtuvo a partir de imágenes satelitales preprocesadas mediante una clasificación supervisada. Para la elaboración de los mapas vectoriales se usó el ArcView3.3 y para el resto de los procedimientos se utilizó el Idrisi Andes. Se describen las técnicas empleadas en cada paso. Se obtuvieron varias vías de circulación y se discuten las similitudes y diferencias entre ellas.","palabras_clave":"PATAGONIA|VIAS DE COMUNICACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114055,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Selective ring opening of decalin with Pt-Ir\/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by catalytic","resumen":"The reaction of selective ring opening using alumina supported Pt?Ir catalysts with and without Mg addition was studied. The catalysts were prepared by the method of catalytic reduction, having 1 wt% of Pt whereas the Ir content varied in the range 0.1?0.6 wt%. Electron diffraction showed that the method of preparation leads to catalysts with strong interaction between Pt and Ir being observed the presence of a solid phase of Pt?Ir. In the catalysts without Mg no changes in the hydrogenolysis activity was observed as the Ir content increases. However, a decrease both in acidity and dehydrogenating activity was observed. In the Mg containing catalysts, the addition of Ir increases the acidity, the dehydrogenating and hydrogenolytic activity. For the isomerization reaction of n-pentane it was found that the addition of Ir improves the stability of the catalysts and formation of isomers of C5 in both series of catalysts (with and without Mg). The conversion of decalin by ring opening depends on the content of Ir for both studied series.","palabras_clave":"SELECTIVE RING OPENING|DECALIN|CATALYTIC REDUCTION METHOD|PtIr\/Al2O3"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114056,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of Gallium on the Properties of Pt-Re\/Al2O3 Naphtha Reforming Catalysts","resumen":"The influence of gallium on the properties of Pt\u2013Re\/Al2O3 catalysts used in naphtha reforming was studied.The catalysts were prepared by the coimpregnation method. It was found that the addition of galliumto the Pt\u2013Re\/Al2O3 catalyst diminishes its acidity (Bronsted and Lewis). It also produces an inhibition ofthe metal function, i.e. dehydrogenation and hydrogenolysis activity. Activity tests for n-C5 isomerizationshowed that gallium addition decreases the total activity of the Pt\u2013Re catalyst but increases its selectivityto i-C5 isomers. The selectivity to low value light gases (C1\u2013C3) is particularly decreased. Catalytic testsfor n-C7 reforming showed that addition of gallium increases both catalyst stability and selectivity toaromatics, and decreases the production of light gases.2O3 catalysts used in naphtha reforming was studied.The catalysts were prepared by the coimpregnation method. It was found that the addition of galliumto the Pt\u2013Re\/Al2O3 catalyst diminishes its acidity (Bronsted and Lewis). It also produces an inhibition ofthe metal function, i.e. dehydrogenation and hydrogenolysis activity. Activity tests for n-C5 isomerizationshowed that gallium addition decreases the total activity of the Pt\u2013Re catalyst but increases its selectivityto i-C5 isomers. The selectivity to low value light gases (C1\u2013C3) is particularly decreased. Catalytic testsfor n-C7 reforming showed that addition of gallium increases both catalyst stability and selectivity toaromatics, and decreases the production of light gases.2O3 catalyst diminishes its acidity (Bronsted and Lewis). It also produces an inhibition ofthe metal function, i.e. dehydrogenation and hydrogenolysis activity. Activity tests for n-C5 isomerizationshowed that gallium addition decreases the total activity of the Pt\u2013Re catalyst but increases its selectivityto i-C5 isomers. The selectivity to low value light gases (C1\u2013C3) is particularly decreased. Catalytic testsfor n-C7 reforming showed that addition of gallium increases both catalyst stability and selectivity toaromatics, and decreases the production of light gases.n-C5 isomerizationshowed that gallium addition decreases the total activity of the Pt\u2013Re catalyst but increases its selectivityto i-C5 isomers. The selectivity to low value light gases (C1\u2013C3) is particularly decreased. Catalytic testsfor n-C7 reforming showed that addition of gallium increases both catalyst stability and selectivity toaromatics, and decreases the production of light gases.i-C5 isomers. The selectivity to low value light gases (C1\u2013C3) is particularly decreased. Catalytic testsfor n-C7 reforming showed that addition of gallium increases both catalyst stability and selectivity toaromatics, and decreases the production of light gases.n-C7 reforming showed that addition of gallium increases both catalyst stability and selectivity toaromatics, and decreases the production of light gases.","palabras_clave":"Naphtha |Reforming|PtReGa\/Al2O3 catalysts"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114057,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impact of aetiological treatment on conventional and multiplex serology in chronic Chagas disease","resumen":"Background. The main criterion for treatment effectiveness in Chagas Disease has been the seronegative conversion, achieved many years post-treatment. One of the main limitations in evaluating treatment for chronic Chagas disease is the lack of reliable tests to ensure parasite clearance and to examine the effects of treatment. However, declines in conventional serological titers and a new multiplex assay can be useful tools to monitor early the treatment impact.Methodology\/Principal Findings. Changes in antibody levels, including seronegative conversion as well as declines in titers, were serially measured in 53 benznidazole-treated and 89 untreated chronic patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina with a median follow-up of 36 months. Decrease of titers (34\/53 [64 %] treated vs. 19\/89 [21 %] untreated, p&lt;0.001) and seronegative conversion (21\/53, [40 %] treated vs. 6\/89, [7 %] untreated, p&lt;0.001) in at least one conventional serological test were significantly higher in the benznidazole-treated group compare with the untreated group. When not only complete seronegative conversion but also seronegative conversion on 2 tests and&nbsp; the decreases of titers on 2 or 3 tests were considered, the impact of treatment on conventional serology increased from 21% (11\/53 subjects) to 45% (24\/53 subjects). A strong concordance was found between the combination of conventional serologic tests and multiplex assay (kappa index 0.60) to detect a decrease in antibody levels pos-treatment. Conclusions\/Significance. Treatment with benznidazole in subjects with chronic Chagas disease has a major impact on the serology specific for T. cruzi infection in a shorter follow-up period than previously considered, reflected either by a complete or partial seronegative conversion or by a significant decrease in the levels of T. cruzi antibodies, consistent with a possible elimination or reduction of parasite load.","palabras_clave":"BENZNIDAZOLE|CHAGAS|SEROLOGY ANTI-T.CRUZI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114058,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase family in Trypanosoma cruzi is involved in the sterol biosynthesis pathway","resumen":"Trypanosoma cruzi flavoproteins TcCPR-A, TcCPR-B and TcCPR-C are members of the NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 reductase family expressed in the parasite. Epimastigotes over-expressing TcCPR-B and TcCPR-C showed enhanced ergosterol biosynthesis and increased NADP+\/NADPH ratio. Transgenic parasites with augmented ergosterol content presented a higher membrane order with a corresponding diminished bulk-phase endocytosis. These results support a significant role for TcCPR-B and TcCPR-C in the sterol biosynthetic pathway and to our knowledge for the first time reveals the participation of more than one CPR in this metabolic route. Notably, TcCPR-B was found in reservosomes while TcCPR-C localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, we suggest a different role for TcCPR-A, since its over-expression is lethal, displaying cells with an increased DNA content, aberrant morphology and severe ultrastructural alterations.","palabras_clave":"TRYPANOSOMA|CRUZI|NADPH|CYTOCHROME|P450|REDUCTASE|STEROL|METABOLISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114059,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SPARC promotes cathepsin B-mediated melanoma invasiveness through a collagen I\/&#945;2&#946;1 integrin axis","resumen":"In melanoma, the extracellular protein SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) is related to tumor progression. Some of the evidence that links SPARC to melanoma progression indicates that SPARC may be involved in the acquisition of mesenchymal traits that favor metastatic dissemination. However, no molecular pathways that link extracellular SPARC to a mesenchymal phenotype have been described. In this study, global protein expression analysis of the melanoma secretome following enforced downregulation of SPARC expression led us to elucidate a new molecular mechanism by which SPARC promotes cathepsin B-mediated melanoma invasiveness using collagen I and &#945;2&#946;1 integrins as mediators. Interestingly, we also found that the transforming growth factor (TGF)-&#946;1 contribution to cathepsin B-mediated invasion is highly SPARC dependent. In addition, induction of the E-cadherin to N-cadherin switch by SPARC enabled melanoma cells to transmigrate across an endothelial layer through a mechanism independent to that of enhancing invasion. Finally, SPARC also enhanced the extracellular expression of other proteins involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, such as family with sequence similarity 3, member C\/interleukin-like EMT-inducer. Our findings demonstrate a previously unreported molecular pathway for SPARC activity on invasion and support an active role of SPARC in the mesenchymal transformation that contributes to melanoma dissemination.","palabras_clave":"cancer|epithelial to mesenchymal transition| differential in gel electrophoresis|secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114060,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Intoxicación natural en terneros por consumo de frutos de Xanthium cavanilliesii (abrojo grande) en un establecimiento de Pipinas, Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"Se describe un caso de intoxicación natural por consumo de frutos de Xanthium cavanilliesii, ocurrido en el mes de Mayo de 2009 en un establecimiento ubicado en Pipinas, Partido de Punta Indio, Bs. As. Argentina. Se vieron afectados 65 terneros de raza Aberdeen Angus que se encontraban confinados en un corral de aproximadamente ½ ha y consumían una dieta de expeller de maíz y heno de campo natural, en forma de rollo. La presentación clínica fue de curso agudo y se manifestó como un cuadro neurológico. Se observó una morbilidad del 15,3% (10\/65) y una letalidad del 100%. La principal lesión hallada a la necropsia se observó en el hígado y se interpretó como ?reticulado tóxico?. En el contenido ruminal y en  algunos rollos se halló gran cantidad de abrojos. La histopatología de hígado evidenció hemorragia y necrosis coagulativa con distribución centrolobulillar. El diagnóstico de la intoxicación se basó en la observación de la signología clínica, en la lesión hepática macroscópica e histopatológica y en la evidencia del consumo de abrojos contaminantes del rollo. La intoxicación por frutos de Xanthium cavanilliesii parece no haber sido documentada en Argentina, por lo que este seria el primer caso reportado en el país.","palabras_clave":"Intoxicación|Bovinos|Xanthium cavanilliesii|Abrojo grande"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114061,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio serologico en terneros de cría con infección natural de virus de IBR y BVD,","resumen":"Se monitorearon los títulos serológicos y la seconversión al virus de la diarrea viral bovina y al virus de la rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina en 44 terneros de un rodeo de cría sin vacunar. Los títulos se siguieron mensualmente desde el nacimiento hasta los 15 meses de edad por la prueba de virusneutralización.A los 8 meses de vida el 50 % de los animales seroconvirtieron para ambas enfermedades. A los 15 meses de edad el 93% seroconvirtio a herpesvirus bovino y el 100 % al virus de la diarrea viral bovina. En diarrea viral bovina los terneros de 9 meses presentaron la mayor conversión estadística (P<0.0001) seguida por el mes 8 (P<0.0005), mes 14 (P<0.0034) y el mes 12 (p<0.0215). Para el virus de la rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina  la mayor seroconversion se observó a los 11 meses de edad ( P<0.0001) , seguida por el mes 13 (P<0.0001), mes 5 (P<0.0034), mes 10 (P<0.0078) y mes 14 (P<0.0215). En el transcurso del trabajo no se observaron signos clínicos o muertes compatibles con las enfermedades estudiadas.","palabras_clave":"Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina|Herpesvirus Bovino|Seroconversión|Virusneutralización"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114062,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Localization and functional activity of cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) in the adult rat kidney","resumen":"Abstract: Cumulative evidence demonstrated effective downstream metabolism of pregnenolone in renal tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and functional activity of cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), which converts cholesterol into pregnenolone, in adult rat kidney. Immunohistochemical labeling for CYP11A1 was observed in renal cortex and medulla, on structures identified as distal convoluted tubule and thick ascending limb of Henle\u2019s loop, respectively. Immunoblotting analysis corroborated the renal expression of the protein in inner mitochondrial membrane fractions. The incubation of isolated mitochondria with the membrane-permeant cholesterol analogue 22R-hydroxycholesterol resulted in efficient formation of pregnenolone, the immediate precursor for the synthesis of all the steroid hormones. The low progesterone production rate observed in these experiments suggested a poor activity of 3 â-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme in renal mitochondria. The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), involved in the mitochondrial import of cholesterol, was detected in renal tissue at both mRNA and protein level. The expression of StAR and CYP11A1 was found to be higher in medulla than in cortex. This enhanced expression of steroidogenesis-related proteins correlated with a greater pregnenolone synthesis rate and higher steroid hormones tissular content measured in medulla. In conclusion, we have established the expression of StAR and CYP11A1 protein, the ability of pregnenolone synthesis and a region-specific content of sex hormones in the adult rat kidney. These evidences confirm that the kidney is a steroid hormones synthesizing organ; and reinforce the hypothesis that renal steroidogenesis plays a role in the maintenance of local physiological functions. ","palabras_clave":"CYP11A1|KIDNEY|STEROIDOGENESIS|MITOCHONDRIA|PREGNENOLONA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114063,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fast atom diffraction for grazing scattering of Ne atoms from a LiF(0 0 1) surface","resumen":"Angular distributions of fast Ne atoms after grazing collisions with a LiF(001) surface under axial surface  channeling conditions are experimentally and theoretically studied. We use the surface eikonal approximation  to describe the quantum interference of scattered projectiles, while the atom\u2013surface interaction  is represented by means of a pairwise additive potential, including the polarization of the projectile atom.  Experimental data serve as a benchmark to investigate the performance of the proposed potential model,  analyzing the role played by the projectile polarization.","palabras_clave":"ion|surface|inteference|potential"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114064,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental and theoretical study of the energy loss of C and O in Zn","resumen":"We present a combined experimental-theoretical study of the energy loss of C and O ions in Zn in theenergy range 50\u20131000 keV\/amu. This contribution has a double purpose, experimental and theoretical. On theexperimental side, we present stopping power measurements that fill a gap in the literature for these projectiletargetcombinations and cover an extended energy range, including the stopping maximum. On the theoreticalside, we make a quantitative test on the applicability of various theoretical approaches to calculate the energyloss of heavy swift ions in solids. The description is performed using different models for valence and inner-shellelectrons: a nonperturbative scattering calculation based on the transport cross section formalism to describe theZn valence electron contribution, and two different models for the inner-shell contribution: the shellwise localplasma approximation (SLPA) and the convolution approximation for swift particles (CasP). The experimentalresults indicate that C is the limit for the applicability of the SLPA approach, which previously was successfullyapplied to projectiles from H to B.We find that this model clearly overestimates the stopping data for O ions. Theorigin of these discrepancies is related to the perturbative approximation involved in the SLPA. This shortcominghas been solved by using the nonperturbative CasP results to describe the inner-shell contribution, which yieldsa very good agreement with the experiments for both C and O ions.","palabras_clave":"ion|solid|energy loss|experiment"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114065,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effectiveness of projectile screening in single and multiple ionization of Ne by B2","resumen":"Pure multipleionization cross sections of Ne by B2+ projectiles have been measured in the energy range of 0.75 to 4.0 MeV and calculated using the continuum distorted wave eikonal initial state approximation. The experiment and calculations show that the ionization cross sections byB2+,principally for the production ofhighly charged recoils, is strongly enhanced when compared to the bare projectile with the same charge state, He2+, at the same elocities.","palabras_clave":"iones|atomos|ionizacion ultiple|teoria\/experimento"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114066,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Production of excitons in grazing collisions of protons with LiF surfaces: An onion model","resumen":"Inthisworkweevaluatetheproductionofexcitonsofalithiumfuoridecrystalinducedbyprotonimpactintheintermediateandhighenergyregime(from100keVto1MeV).AsimplemodelisproposedtoaccountfortheinfluencoftheCoulombgridofthetargetbydressingcrystalionstotransformtheminwhatwecallonions.Theexcitedstatesoftheseonionscanbeinterpretedasexcitons.Withinthismodel,totalcrosssectionandstoppingpowerarecalculatedbyusingthefrstBornandthecontinuumdistorted-wave(CDW)eikonalinitial-tate(EIS)approximations.Wefoundthatbetween7and30excitonsperincidentprotonareproducedingrazingcollisionswithLiFsurfaces,becomingarelevantmechanismofinelastictransitions.","palabras_clave":"iones|superficie|frenamiento|madelung"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114067,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A collective model for inner shell ionization of very heavy targets","resumen":"We present a theoretical study of the ionization of inner shells, such as L and M shells of Au, Pb and Bi or K-shell of Sb. The ionization is described using a collective response model, the shellwise local plasma approximation (SLPA). This model deals with each sub-shell of target electrons as an inhomogeneouselectron gas with an ionization threshold. No parameters are included, just the theoretical wave functions of the ground state and the binding energies. The validity range is that of the perturbative approximation, high energies and asymmetric projectile target relation. In the case of Sb, known Hartree\u2013Fock wave functions and energies are used. Instead, for Au, Pb and Bi, they were obtained in fully relativistic wayby solving numerically the Dirac equation. The SLPA describes well the experimental data for K-shell ionization of Sb by O and F positive ions. However, it underestimates the data for C or lighter ions. Good results are obtained for M-shell ionization of Au and Bi above 2MeV\/amu, and for L-shell ionization of Au and Pb above 10MeV\/amu. For L- and M-shells, the SLPA tends to underestimate the data for energies below the range of validity of the model but approaches the experimental data for higher energies.","palabras_clave":"inner-shell|ionization|heavy|ions"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114068,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Role of ROS in the early stages of liver regeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","resumen":"      Abstract      Diabetes mellitus is a risk  factor for prognosis after liver resection. In previous work, we found a  pro-apoptotic state in the diabetic rat liver. In this work, this was also  observed 1 hour post-partial hepatectomy (PH) and resulted in a defi cient  regenerative response 24 hours post-PH. Treatment with insulin and\/or  Desferoxamine (DES) (iron chelator) or Tempol (TEM) (free radicals scavenger)  was effective in preventing the liver reactive oxygen species (ROS) production  induced by diabetic state. High levels of ROS play a  role in hepatic lipid peroxidation in diabetes before and after PH, and lead to  increased pro-apoptotic events, which contribute to a reduced regenerative  response. This becomes of relevance for the potential use of antioxidants\/free radical  scavengers plus insulin for improvement of post-surgical recovery of diabetic  patients subjected to a PH.","palabras_clave":"Diabetes|ROS|Liver regeneration|apoptosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114069,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Toll-like receptors are key players in neurodegeneration","resumen":"The activation of innate immune response is initiated by engagement of pattern-recognition receptors (PPRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). These receptors are expressed in peripheral leukocytes and in many cell types in the central nervous system (CNS). The expression of TLRs in CNS was mainly studied in astrocytes and microglial cells. However, new evidence indicates that these receptors may play an important role in neuronal homeostasis. The expression of TLRs in the CNS is variable and can be modulated by multiple factors, including pro-inflammatory molecules, which are elevated in neurodegenerative diseases and can increase the expression of TLRs in CNS cells. Moreover, activation of TLRs induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, TLRs have been shown to play a role in several aspects of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we will discuss results reported in the recent literature concerning the participation of TLRs in neurodegenerative diseases.","palabras_clave":"TOLL- LIKE RECEPTORS|CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM|INFLAMMATION|ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114070,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Interleukin 4 induces the apoptosis of mouse microglial cells by a caspase-dependent mechanism.","resumen":"Microglial cells are resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and become activated in manypathological conditions. Activation of microglial cells results in reactive microgliosis, manifested by anincrease in cell number in the affected CNS regions. The control of microgliosis may be important to preventpathological damage to the brain. The type 2 cytokine IL-4 has been reported to be protective in braininflammation. However, its effect on microglial cell survival was not well understood. In this study, we reporta dual effect of IL-4 on the survival of mouse microglial cells. In a 6 h short term culture, IL-4 reduced the deathof microglial cells induced by staurosporine. In contrast, in long term treatment (more than 48 h), IL-4increased the apoptotic death of both primary mouse microglial cells and a microglial cell line N9. Mechanisticstudies revealed that, in microglial cells, IL-4 increased the levels of cleaved caspase 3 and PARP, which isdown-stream of activated caspase 3. In addition, IL-4 down regulated the autophagy and the antiapoptoticprotein Bcl-xL in microglial cells. On the other hand, the pre-incubation of microglial cells with IL-4 for 24 h,attenuated the cell death induced by the neurotoxic peptide amyloid beta 1\u201342 (A&#946;42). Our observationsdemonstrate a novel function of IL-4 in regulating the survival of microglial cells, which may have importantsignificance in reduction of undesired inflammatory responses in the CNS.","palabras_clave":"Central Neuro System|microglia|apoptosis|interleukin 4"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114071,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antitumoral action of a vanadyl (IV) complex with oxodiacetate in human colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell line.","resumen":"The complex of vanadyl(IV) cation with oxodiacetate, VO(oda) caused an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of the human colon adenocarcinoma  cell line Caco-2 in the range of 25?100 microM (P&#65533;.001). This inhibition was partially reversed by scavengers of free radicals. The difference in cell proliferation in the presence and the absence of scavengers was statistically signi&#64257;cant in the range of 50?100 microM (P&#65533;.05). VO(oda) altered lysosomal and mitochondria metabolisms (neutral red and MTT  bioassays) in a dose?response manner from 10 microM (P&#65533;.001). Morphological studies showed important transformations that correlated with the disassembly of actin &#64257;laments and a decrease in the number of cells in a dose response manner. Moreover, VO(oda) caused statistically signi&#64257;cant genotoxic effects on Caco-2 cells in the low range of concentration (5?25 microM)(Comet assay). Increment in the oxidative stress and a decrease in the GSH level are the main cytotoxic mechanisms of VO(oda). These effects were partially reversed by scavengers of free radicals in the range of 50?100 microM (P&#65533;.05). Besides, VO(oda) interacted with plasmidic DNA causing single and double strand cleavage, probably through the action of free radical species. Altogether, these results suggest that VO(oda)is a good candidate to be evaluated for alternative therapeutics in cancer treatment.","palabras_clave":"VANADYL(IV) CATION|CYTOTOXICITY|GENOTOXICITY|CACO2-TUMORAL CELLS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114072,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Washington photometry of 14 intermediate-age to old star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud","resumen":"We present CCD photometry in the Washington system C, T1 and T2 passbands down to T1˜ 23 in the fields of L3, L28, HW 66, L100, HW 79, IC 1708, L106, L108, L109, NGC 643, L112, HW 84, HW 85 and HW 86, 14 Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) clusters, most of them poorly studied objects. We measured T1 magnitudes and C-T1 and T1-T2 colours for a total of 213 516 stars spread throughout cluster areas of 14.7 × 14.7 arcmin2 each. We carried out an in-depth analysis of the field star contamination of the colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and statistically cleaned the cluster CMDs. Based on the best fits of isochrones computed by the Padova group to the (T1, C-T1) CMDs, as well as from the &#948;(T1) index and the standard giant branch procedure, we derived ages and metallicities for the cluster sample. With the exception of IC 1708, a relatively metal-poor Hyades-age cluster, the remaining 13 objects are between intermediate and old age (from 1.0 to 6.3 Gyr), their [Fe\/H] values ranging from -1.4 to -0.7 dex. By combining these results with others available in the literature, we compiled a sample of 43 well-known SMC clusters older than 1 Gyr, with which we produced a revised age distribution. We found that the present clusters' age distribution reveals two primary excesses of clusters at t˜ 2 and 5 Gyr, which engraves the SMC with clear signs of enhanced formation episodes at both ages. In addition, we found that from the birth of the SMC cluster system until approximately the first 4 Gyr of its lifetime, the cluster formation resembles that of a constant formation rate scenario.","palabras_clave":"Techniques: photometric|Galaxies: individual: SMC|Magellanic Clouds|Galaxies: star clusters"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114073,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vector growth universalities","resumen":"A formalism to describe the interactive growth of two or more organisms in a given envi-  ronment is presented. This is a vector generalization of the scheme developed by Castorina  et al. [1] to classify and interpret non-linear ontogenetic growth formulas, which can be  applied to such complex self-organizing systems as solid tumors. A theorem that leads  to the explicit solutions of the resulting equations is proven. These solutions can describe  synergetic, antagonistic, and cooperative growth, and can be applied to both biological and  ecological problems.","palabras_clave":"interactive growth|vector valued function"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114074,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Neuronal (Bi)Polarity as a Self-Organized Process Enhanced by Growing Membrane","resumen":"Early in vitro and recent in vivo studies demonstrated that neuronal polarization occurs by the sequential formation of two oppositely located neurites. This early bipolar phenotype is of crucial relevance in brain organization, determining neuronal migration and brain layering. It is currently considered that the place of formation of the first neurite is dictated by extrinsic cues, through the induction of localized changes in membrane and cytoskeleton dynamics leading to deformation of the cells' curvature followed by the growth of a cylindrical extension (neurite). It is unknown if the appearance of the second neurite at the opposite pole, thus the formation of a bipolar cell axis and capacity to undergo migration, is defined by the growth at the first place, therefore intrinsic, or requires external determinants. We addressed this question by using a mathematical model based on the induction of dynamic changes in one pole of a round cell. The model anticipates that a second area of growth can spontaneously form at the opposite pole. Hence, through mathematical modeling we prove that neuronal bipolar axis of growth can be due to an intrinsic mechanism.","palabras_clave":"Neuronal polarity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114075,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Simulation of UAl4 growth in an UAl3\/Al diffusion couple","resumen":"In this work the growth of the UAl4 phase in an UAl3\/Al diffusion couple is treated as a planar moving  boundary problem due to diffusion of Al and U atoms in the direction perpendicular to the interface surface.  The diffusion problem was carried out by the DICTRA simulation package which combines data evaluated  by Thermo-Calc with a mobility database. A thermodynamic database of the U\u2013Al system, suitable  for the Thermo-Calc code, was composed using data from literature. The mobility database was assessed  from reported experimental growth of the UAl4 phase at different temperatures. The Al tracer diffusion  coefficient in the UAl4 phase, DðUAl4Þ Al ðm2=sÞ ¼ 2:7  101 expð209500 ðJ=molÞ=RTÞ; is obtained under  the assumption that uranium mobility is negligible.","palabras_clave":"uranium-aluminum-alloy|diffusion coefficient|interdiffusion growth|DICTRA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114076,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Combined ab initio and experimental study of A2 + L21 coherent equilibria in the Fe-Al-X (X = Ti, Nb, V) systems","resumen":"A combined theoretical and experimental study of ordering and phase separation in &#945;-Fe alloys in the Fe-Al-X (X = Ti, Nb, V) systems is presented. The theoretical part is dedicated to the assessment of the BCC-based phase equilibrium diagram in the iron-rich zone of the ternary systems via a truncated cluster expansion, through the combination of Full-Potential-Linear augmented Plane Wave (FP-LAPW) electronic structure calculations and of Cluster Variation Method (CVM) thermodynamic calculations in the irregular tetrahedron approximation. The stability and the solid solubility of Al in the Fe2X Laves phases are also included in the discussion of the ternary BCC ground state diagrams. The approach was employed in order to explore particular vertical sections of the ternary systems where a coherent two-phase microstructure can be generated with an optimal combination of volume fraction of Fe2AlX (L21) Heusler type precipitates and Al content in the &#945;-Fe (A2) matrix. The results indicate that in the Fe-Al-Ti and Fe-Al-V systems there are two kinds of phase separations of the BCC phase, (A2+ L21) and (B2(FeAl structure) + L21). A tie-line separates both two-phase fields that shrinks and moves towards the Fe-X binary system while its direction remains almost parallel as the temperature increases. Selected experiments were performed on three alloys of the Fe-Al-Ti system belonging to vertical sections that contain this tie line. The microstructure and composition of the matrix and precipitate phases were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), the theoretical predictions were borne out.","palabras_clave":"iron aluminides |Electron microscopy, transmission|precipitates|ab-initio calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114077,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stability of the C14 laves phase (Fe,Si)2Mo  from ab initio calculations","resumen":"The C14 Laves compound Fe2Mo has an outstanding influence in thermodynamic and mechanicalproperties of steels. Silicon has to be taken into account as it stabilizes the Laves phase to a great extent.Since experimental data are difficult to achieve we have undertaken a calculation approach to the problemof solubility of Si in Fe2Mo. Ab initio data obtained from density functional theory calculations have beenused to generate a cluster expansion for the pseudo-binary system Fe2Mo-Si2Mo. Finite temperaturethermodynamic properties were obtained via Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations predict the stabilityof the solid solution (Fe, Si)2Mo, in agreement with experimental results.","palabras_clave":"stability of laves phase|solubility of Si in Fe2Mo|cluster expansion|Monte Carlo simulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114078,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Galectin-3 drives oligodendrocyte differentiation to control myelin integrity and function","resumen":"Galectins control critical pathophysiological processes, including the progression and resolution of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. In spite of considerable progress in dissecting their role within lymphoid organs, their functions within the inflamed CNS remain elusive. Here, we investigated the role of galectin\u2013glycan interactions in the control of oligodendrocyte (OLG) differentiation, myelin integrity and function. Both galectin-1 and -3 were abundant in astrocytes and microglia. Although galectin-1 was abundant in immature but not in differentiated OLGs, galectin-3 was upregulated during OLG differentiation. Biochemical analysis revealed increased activity of metalloproteinases responsible for cleaving galectin-3 during OLG differentiation and modulating its biological activity. Exposure to galectin-3 promoted OLG differentiation in a dose- and carbohydrate-dependent fashion consistent with the \u2018glycosylation signature\u2019 of immature versus differentiated OLG. Accordingly, conditioned media from galectin-3-expressing, but not galectin-3-deficient (Lgals3\/) microglia, successfully promoted OLG differentiation. Supporting these findings, morphometric analysis showed a significant decrease in the frequency of myelinated axons, myelin turns (lamellae) and g-ratio in the corpus callosum and striatum of Lgals3\/ compared with wildtype (WT) mice. Moreover, the myelin structure was loosely wrapped around the axons and less smooth in Lgals3\/ mice versus WT mice. Behavior analysis revealed decreased anxiety in Lgals3\/ mice similar to that observed during early demyelination induced by cuprizone intoxication. Finally, commitment toward the oligodendroglial fate was favored in neurospheres isolated from WT but not Lgals3\/ mice. Hence, glial-derived galectin-3, but not galectin-1, promotes OLG differentiation, thus contributing to myelin integrity and function with critical implications in the recovery of inflammatory demyelinating disorders.","palabras_clave":"GALECTIN|OLIGODENDROCYTE|MYELIN|DIFFERENTIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114079,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Accretion of Grenvillian terranes to the southwestern border of the Rio de la Plata craton, western Argentina.","resumen":"A comprehensive review of the geological,geochronological, and isotopic features of the MesoproterozoicGrenvillian terranes attached to the southwest of theRý´o de la Plata craton in Early Paleozoic times is presentedin this paper. They are grouped into the northern (sierras deUmango, Maz and del Espinal and surroundings), central(Sierra de Pie de Palo, southern Precordillera and FrontalCordillera), and southern (San Rafael and Las MatrasBlocks) segments. The Mesoproterozoic basement consistsmainly of arc related, intermediate to acidic and mafic\u2013ultramafic rocks of 1,244\u20131,027 Ma, with juvenile, Laurentianaffinity. Exception to it is the Maz Group, witha protracted history and reworked character. They areaffected by 846\u2013570 Ma, extensional magmatism in thenorthern and central segments, which represents the Neoproterozoicbreakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. Successivepassive margin sedimentation is registered in LateNeoproterozoic (*640\u2013580 Ma) and Cambro-Ordovician(*550\u2013470 Ma) times. The southern segment is noted forthe younger sedimentation alone, and for showing theexclusive primary unconformable relationship between theMesoproterozoic basement and Early Ordovician cover.The effects of Early Paleozoic Famatinian orogeny, associatedwith the collisions of Cuyania and Chilenia terranes,are recorded as main phase (480\u2013450 Ma), late phase*640\u2013580 Ma) and Cambro-Ordovician(*550\u2013470 Ma) times. The southern segment is noted forthe younger sedimentation alone, and for showing theexclusive primary unconformable relationship between theMesoproterozoic basement and Early Ordovician cover.The effects of Early Paleozoic Famatinian orogeny, associatedwith the collisions of Cuyania and Chilenia terranes,are recorded as main phase (480\u2013450 Ma), late phase*550\u2013470 Ma) times. The southern segment is noted forthe younger sedimentation alone, and for showing theexclusive primary unconformable relationship between theMesoproterozoic basement and Early Ordovician cover.The effects of Early Paleozoic Famatinian orogeny, associatedwith the collisions of Cuyania and Chilenia terranes,are recorded as main phase (480\u2013450 Ma), late phasemain phase (480\u2013450 Ma), late phase(440\u2013420 Ma), and Chanic phase (400\u2013360 Ma). Amongthem, the tectonothermal climax is the Ordovician mainphase, to which klippe and nappe structures typical ofcollisional orogens are related in the northern and centralsegments. Preliminary data allow us to suggest a set ofpaired metamorphic belts, with an outboard high-P\/T belt,and an inboard Barrowian P\/T belt.Chanic phase (400\u2013360 Ma). Amongthem, the tectonothermal climax is the Ordovician mainphase, to which klippe and nappe structures typical ofcollisional orogens are related in the northern and centralsegments. Preliminary data allow us to suggest a set ofpaired metamorphic belts, with an outboard high-P\/T belt,and an inboard Barrowian P\/T belt.mainphase, to which klippe and nappe structures typical ofcollisional orogens are related in the northern and centralsegments. Preliminary data allow us to suggest a set ofpaired metamorphic belts, with an outboard high-P\/T belt,and an inboard Barrowian P\/T belt., to which klippe and nappe structures typical ofcollisional orogens are related in the northern and centralsegments. Preliminary data allow us to suggest a set ofpaired metamorphic belts, with an outboard high-P\/T belt,and an inboard Barrowian P\/T belt.","palabras_clave":"GRENVILLE BASEMENT|RODINIA|GONDWANA|WESTERN SIERRAS PAMEANAS|SAN RAFAEL BLOCK|LAS MATRAS BLOCK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114080,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ERT imaging of a shallow basin. Eastern Lago Fagnano, Tierra del Fuego. Argentina","resumen":"Two ERT (Electrical Resistivity Tomography) profiles were conducted at the eastern  head of Lago Fagnano within the main deformation zone of the Magallanes-Fagnano  Transform fault system (MFS) which represents the onland boundary between the  South America and Scotia plates. Results from the inversion models have provided  new evidence of the presence and location, at shallow depths, of some strands of the  MFS. Tomographic models showed significant resistivity contrasts across the inferred  fault zones in the subsurface. The combination of ERT, geomorphic and outcrop  structural data allowed us to interpret the stepped, southward subsidence of Tertiary  and Quaternary units within the studied area. The Holocene development and  evolution of a shallow deltaic basin at the mouth of Río Turbio, the eastern tributary  of Lago Fagnano, was also interpreted from electrical imaging","palabras_clave":"ERT IMAGING|SHALLOW|BASIN|LAGO FAGNANO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114081,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Paleosecular variation and absolute geomagnetic paleointensity records retrieved from the early cretaceous Posadas Formation (Misiones, Argentina)","resumen":"The Early Cretaceous may be considered a key period for understanding the evolution of the Earth\u2019s magnetic field. Some still unsolved problems are related to the mode of paleosecular variation (PSV) of the Earth\u2019s magnetic field before and during the Cretaceous Normal Superchron. We report here a detailed rock-magnetic, paleomagnetic and paleointensity investigation from 28 lava flows (331 standard paleomagnetic cores) collected in the Argentinean part of the Parana Flood Basalts (Formation Posadas) in order to contribute to the study of PSV during the early Cretaceous and to obtain precise Cretaceous paleomagnetic pole positions for stable South America. The average paleofield direction is precisely determined from 26 sites, which show small within-site dispersion and high directional stability. Five sites show evidences for the self-reversal of thermoremanent magnetization. 23 sites yielded normal polarity magnetization and only 3 are reversely magnetized. Moving windows averages were used to analyze the sequential variation of virtual geomagnetic pole\u2019s (VGP) axial positions. Interestingly, the axial average VGP path traces an almost complete cycle around the geographical pole and passes near the location of all previously published Paraná Magmatic Province poles. Both paleomagnetic poles and average VGP paths are significantly different from the pole position suggested by fixed hotspot reconstructions, which may be due to true polar wander or the hotspot motion itself. Only 15 samples from 5 individual basaltic lava flows, yielded acceptable paleointensity estimates. The site mean paleointensities range from 25.2 ± 2.2 to 44.0 ± 2.2 mT. The virtual dipole moments (VDMs) range from 4.8 to 9.9 ´ 1022 Am2. This correspond to a mean value of 7.7 ± 2.1 ´ 1022 Am2 which is 96% of the present day geomagnetic field strength. These intensities agree with the relatively high values already reported for Early Cretaceous, which are consistent with some inferences from computer simulations previously published. Continuation of LATINMAG Special Issue #4, Stud. Geophys. Geod., 54 (2010) M. Mena et al. 280 Stud. Geophys. Geod., 55 (2011) Ke ywo rd s : paleosecular variation, Early Cretaceous, paleomagnetic poles, Paraná Magmatic Province, Argentina, Posadas Formation. ","palabras_clave":"Paleosecular variation|Early Cretaceous|Paleomagnetic poles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114082,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydrolytic stability of L-(+)-ascorbic acid in low methoxyl pectin films with potential antioxidant activity at food interfaces.","resumen":"Abstract L-(+)-Ascorbic acid (AA) was compartmentalized  13 into a low methoxyl pectin (LMP) film in view of localized  14 antioxidant activity at food interfaces. The AA hydrolysis was  15 specifically studied in the present work in order to determine  16 the ability of the formulated LMP film to stabilize AA. Hence,  17 films were stored at controlled relative humidity (RH) in the  18 absence of air. A commercial LMP characterized by a 40%  19 degree of methylesterification (DM) was used. Since sucrose  20 is normally added for its standardization, films were also made  21 with the dialyzed LMP in order to determine the sucrose  22 effect. Glycerol was used for plasticization. Kinetics of AA  23 loss and subsequent browning development were determined,  24 which are dependent on the RH. Considerable AA retention  25 (t1\/2=744, 727, and 185 days) was achieved at 33.3%,  26 57.7%, or 75.2% RH, respectively, at 25 °C. Browning rate  constants decreased in one order of magnitude with respect 27  to kinetic constants determined from films previously 28  developed with high methoxyl pectin (HMP; DM of 73%). 29  Absence of sucrose in the LMP network only affected the 30  browning kinetics at 75.2% RH. The glass transition 31  temperature (Tg) decreased with the increment of moisture 32  content of the films and in a similar degree (Tg&#8776;&#8722;90 °C) to 33  that observed for the HMP films, indicating the contribution 34  of water to the network plasticization. However, water was 35  more confined in the LMP network as inferred from the 36  water availability determined by the 1H-NMR and DSC. 37  This was attributed to the water interaction at the Ca2+ 38  junction zones. Sucrose seemed to hinder the retention of 39  water molecules by the polymeric network at 75.2% RH.","palabras_clave":"EDIBLE FILM|ASCORBIC ACID|PECTIN|BROWNING|SUCROSE|WATER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114083,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"RNA Sequences and Structures Required for the Recruitment and Activity of the Dengue Virus Polymerase","resumen":"Dengue virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase specifically binds to the   viral genome by interacting with a promoter element known                       as stem-loop A (SLA). Although a great deal has   been learned in recent years about the function of this promoter in   dengue                       virus-infected cells, the molecular details that   explain how the SLA interacts with the polymerase to promote viral RNA   synthesis                       remain poorly understood. Using RNA binding and   polymerase activity assays, we defined two elements of the SLA that are   involved                       in polymerase interaction and RNA synthesis.   Mutations at the top of the SLA resulted in RNAs that retained the   ability to                       bind the polymerase but impaired promoter-dependent   RNA synthesis. These results indicate that protein binding to the SLA                       is not sufficient to induce polymerase activity and   that specific nucleotides of the SLA are necessary to render an active                       polymerase-promoter complex for RNA synthesis. We   also report that protein binding to the viral RNA induces conformational                       changes downstream of the promoter element.   Furthermore, we found that structured RNA elements at the 3&#8242; end of the   template                       repress dengue virus polymerase activity in the   context of a fully active SLA promoter. Using assays to evaluate   initiation                       of RNA synthesis at the viral 3&#8242;-UTR, we found that   the RNA-RNA interaction mediated by 5&#8242;-3&#8242;-hybridization was able to   release                       the silencing effect of the 3&#8242;-stem-loop structure.   We propose that the long range RNA-RNA interactions in the viral genome                       play multiple roles during RNA synthesis. Together,   we provide new molecular details about the promoter-dependent dengue   virus                       RNA polymerase activity.","palabras_clave":"FLAVIVIRUSES|RNA|RNA POLYMERASE|RNA-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS|RNA VIRUSES|RNA SYNTHESIS|RNA-RNA INTERACTION|DENGUE VIRUS|VIRAL RNA REPLICATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114084,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Glomus intraradices improved salt tolerance in  Prosopis alba seedlings by improving water use  efficiency and shoot water content.","resumen":"The present work was aimed at testing the hypothesis that mycorrhizal Prosopis alba, an economically important tree species worldwide, presents increased salt-tolerance compared with non-mycorrhizal ones and at gaining insight into the possible mechanisms underlying that improvement. For this purpose, a randomized complete block experiment with two factors: mycorrhizal treatments with or without the arbuscular fungus Glomus intraradices and two salinity levels, 0 and 200 mM NaCl was performed. Plant growth in P. alba plants colonized by G. intraradices was less affected by salinity than that in non-arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plants, indicating that mycorrhizal colonization turned P. alba more tolerant to salinity. Photosynthesis was reduced by salinity in non-AM plants but not in AM ones.&nbsp; Salinity caused a significant decrease in mean stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, in mycorrhizal plants, but not in uninoculated ones. In this work, we detected two main mechanisms intervening in the salt tolerance enhancement of P. alba by the inoculation with G. intraradices: a- maintaining the net photosynthesis level and b- control of the transpiration rate. &nbsp;Taken together, the results suggest that inoculation with G. intraradices improves P. alba survival rates during the implantation period and seems to be a promising strategy to improve P. alba cultivation in saline lands.","palabras_clave":"Estrés abiótico|Estres salino|Prosopis|Glomus intraradices"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114085,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Habitat structure is more important than nutrient supply in modifying mussel bed assemblage in an upwelling area of the Peruvian coast","resumen":"Upwelling intensity modi&#64257;es coastal primary production and in&#64258;uences individual traits of habitat forming species. Along the Peruvian coast, beds of the mytilid Perumytilus purpuratus provide structurally complex habitats that harbour many organisms. We predict that in the nutrient-rich system of Central Peru, the modi&#64257;cation of structural complexity would have stronger effects on the Perumytilus community than nutrient addition. We experimentally examined the effects of nutrient addition on the Perumytilus-dominated assemblage and we evaluated the potential effect of varying shell size on the Perumytilus dominated assemblage. Nutrient addition to the mussel bed with slow-release fertilizers caused no changes in the total macro- and microalgal biomass and did not affect abundances or composition of the assemblage. To explore the effect of structural complexity on the Perumytilus assemblage, we manipulated mussel size with experimental bags containing small and large individuals. Predators, grazers and mobile organisms were more abundant among smaller mussels, with smaller gap volume, whereas the barnacle Jehlius cirratus was more abundant on larger mussels. In conclusion, point-source nutrient addition to the mussel bed did not enhance primary production. However, the modi&#64257;cation of structural characteristics related to mussel size induced changes in the faunal assemblage. Thus, it seems that in this nutrient-rich system, nutrient enhancement would not signi&#64257;cantly affect Perumytilus and its assemblage, whereas structural habitat seems to play an important role in shaping this community.","palabras_clave":"BOTTOM-UP|COMMUNITY STRUCTURE|PERU|PERUMYTILUS PURPURATUS|ROCKY INTERTIDAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114086,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Formation of one dimensional linear chains by Ir-Ir bonds in cis-dicarbonyldichloroiridate (I)","resumen":"The particular electronic properties of   K[IrCl2(CO)2]H2O are related to its   supramolecular structure. Despite the lack of a single-crystal X-ray structure,   by means of a variety of powerful experimental and theoretical techniques such   as IR, NMR, ESI-MS, EXAFS, DFT calculations and MGAC\/CPMD predictions, we   obtained geometrical parameters showing the formation of one dimensional linear   chains of Ir\u2013Ir with at least 12 Ir atoms. The Ir\u2013Ir distance is 2.82 ± 0.01 Å,   which is short enough to assume a metal-metal bond. Restricted optimization of   smaller oligomers shows a twist angle of about 51°, suggesting that the monomers   are placed parallel to one another in a helical arrangement that make a 360°   turn after 8 units.","palabras_clave":"METAL-METAL BONDS|LINEAR CHAINS|IRIDIUM|EXAFS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114087,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Naked' gold nanoparticles supported on HOPG: Melanin functionalization and catalytic activity","resumen":"Reductive electrodesorption has been used to produce \u201Cnaked\u201D gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) 3 nm in size on HOPG from different thiolate-capped AuNPs. The clean AuNPs transform the electrocatalytic inert HOPG into an active surface for hydrogen peroxide electroreduction, causing a lowering of the cathodic overpotential of 0.25 V with respect to the Au(111) surface. Compared to the plain gold substrates, the nanostructures promote only a slight increase in the hydrogen evolution reaction. In a second modification step a &#61627; 1 nm thick melanin-iron coat is electrochemically formed around the AuNPs. This ultrathin melanin-iron coat largely improves the catalytic activity of the bare AuNPs for both hydrogen peroxide electroreduction and hydrogen evolution reaction. This strategy, which integrates electrochemistry and nanotechnology, can be applied to the preparation of efficient \u201Cnaked\u201D AuNPs and organic-iron capped AuNPs catalysts.","palabras_clave":"ELECTROCHEMICAL DESORPTION|SUPPORTED NANOPARTICLES|MELANIN|FUNCTIONALIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114088,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ge-modified Pt\/SiO2 catalysts used in preferential CO oxidation (CO-PROX)","resumen":"A bimetallic PtGe catalyst was prepared by a controlled surface reaction and studied for the PROX reaction. The good activity of the bimetallic catalyst can be assigned to the presence of a ?noble metal-oxidized metal promoter? ensemble site in close contact, the noble metal (Pt) being the CO adsorption site and the oxidized metal promoter (Ge) the O2 adsorption site. The stability of the PtGe clusters is confirmed by the EXAFS spectra and activity measurements in the preferential oxidation reaction that show similar values for samples subjected to different oxidation?reduction cycles.","palabras_clave":"PROX|BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS|PtGe|EXAFS\/XANES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114089,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"?Liquid-phase furfural hydrogenation employing silica-supported PtSn and PtGe catalysts prepared using Surface Organometallic Chemistry on Metals techniques?","resumen":"Abstract Platinum?germanium and platinum?tin catalysts supported on silica, containing different amounts of Sn and Ge, were synthesized using the surface organometallic chemistry on metals technique. The catalysts were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectra and X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure; and were tested in the liquid-phase selective hydrogenation of furfural. The atomic ratio between the two metals resulted the key factor towards the optimization of the activity and selectivity of the bimetallic catalysts. The bimetallic catalysts were more active than the parent Pt\/SiO2 catalyst in the hydrogenation of furfural. These results can be accounted for by considering a new type of active site having an architecture which would favor the hydrogenation of the C=O group is created, allowing an increased activity towards obtaining furfuryl alcohol. All the studied systems allowed to obtain furfuryl alcohol with high selectivity.","palabras_clave":"BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS|PTSN AND PTGE|SURFACE ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY|FURFURAL HYDROGENATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114090,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Biofouling and biodeterioration in materials stored at the Historical Archive of the Museum of La Plata, Argentine and at the National Archive of the Republic of Cuba","resumen":"The aims of this paper were to study the biofouling and biodeterioration of photos and maps stored atHistorical Archive of the Museum of La Plata (HAMP), Argentine, and two repositories of the NationalArchive of Cuba Republic (NARC) and to carry out the physiological characterization of the isolated fungiand bacteria. The role of the environmental microbiota in the biofouling formation was also studied.Microbial assemblages in the air were sampled by sedimentation technique while those on documentswere sampled by swabbering. Biofilm formation and biofouling were monitored by scanning electronmicroscope (SEM). Large microbial assemblages were found at NARC archives with the prevalence ofgenera Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium, whereas at HAMP these values were lower, PenicilliumAspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium, whereas at HAMP these values were lower, Penicillium was the only fungal genus detected. Most of the fungi degraded cellulose and produced pigments andacids, and all of the isolated bacteria had proteolytic and\/or cellulolytic activity. In all cases, a higherconcentration of viable bacteria than of fungi was isolated from documents.These results correlated with bacterial values detected in air at NARC repositories. However, this correlationcannot be observed at HAMP where Aspergillus, Penicillium and Talaromyces helicus (teleomorphof Penicillium) were isolated. It is the first time that the last genus is reported in documents.Penicillium) were isolated. It is the first time that the last genus is reported in documents.","palabras_clave":"Archives|Microorganisms|Biodeterioration|Paper"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114091,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Control microbiológico del aire y materiales almacenados en el Archivo   Histórico de La Plata, Argentina y enel Archivo Nacional de la Republica de cuba.","resumen":"RESUMEN. Los objetivos del estudio fueron: determinar la microbiota del aire en el Archivo Historico del Museo de la Plata (AHMP) y en dos depositos del ArchivoNacional de Cuba (ANC), determinar niveles de contaminacion microbiana sobrefotografias y mapas de ambos archivos, realizar la tipificacion de hongos y bacterias aislados y relacionarlos con eventuales procesos patogenicos. En el análisis microbiologico del aire se empleo un metodo de sedimentacion y para documentos, se uso el hisopado. A los hongos se les determino actividad celulolitica, producción de pigmentos y acidos; a las bacterias, actividad proteolitica, amilolitica y acidificante. Se obtuvieron concentraciones microbianas elevadas en los locales del ANC siendo los niveles de bacterias significativamente altos. En el AHMP los valores fueron mas bajos y solo se detecto el genero fungico Penicillium. En el ANC prevalecieron Aspergillus, Cladosporium y Penicillium. La mayoria de los hongos degradaron la celulosa, produjeron pigmentos y acidos. De las bacterias del aire, predominaron las Gram positivas en la mayoria de los locales y se identificaron Streptomyces, Bacillus, Streptococcus y Staphylococcus. De los documentos se aislaron los hongos Aspergillus, Penicillium y Talaromyces helicus (teleomorfo de Penicillium) que por su dificil aislamiento de objetos de arte y documentos, resulta un hallazgo novedoso. Tambien se aislaron las bacterias Clostridium, Bacillus y Streptomyces que poseen actividad proteolitica y\/o celulolitica. Algunas de las bacterias y los hongos aislados son capaces de producir enfermedades.","palabras_clave":"AMBIENTE|ARCHIVOS|BIODETERIORO|MICROORGANISMOS|PAPEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114092,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cholinergic modulation of dendritic cell function","resumen":"Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized antigen-presenting cells with a unique ability to activate resting T lymphocytes. Acetylcholine (ACh) is the primary parasympathetic neurotransmitter and also a non-neural paracrine factor produced by different cells. Here, we analyzed the expression of the cholinergic system in DCs. We found that DCs express the muscarinic receptors M(3), M(4) and M(5), as well as the enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of ACh, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), respectively. Differentiation of DCs in the presence of the cholinergic agonist carbachol, the synthetic analog of ACh, resulted in an increased expression of HLA-DR and CD86 and the stimulation of TNF-&#945; and IL-8 production. All these effects were prevented by atropine, a muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR) antagonist. Carbachol, was also able to modulate the function of DCs when added after the differentiation is accomplished; it increased the expression of HLA-DR, improved the T cell priming ability of DCs, and stimulated the production of TNF-&#945; but not IL-12 or IL-10. By contrast, carbachol significantly inhibited the stimulation of HLA-DR expression and the enhancement in the T cell priming ability of DCs triggered by LPS. Interestingly, the TNF-&#945; antagonist etanercept completely prevented the increased expression of HLA-DR induced by carbachol, suggesting that it promotes the phenotypic maturation of DCs by stimulating the production of TNF-&#945;. ACh induced similar effects than carbachol; it stimulated the expression of HLA-DR and the production of TNF-&#945;, while inhibiting the stimulation of HLA-DR expression and IL-12 production triggered by LPS. Similarly, neostigmine, an inhibitor of AChE, also stimulated the expression of HLA-DR and the production of TNF-&#945; by DCs while inhibiting the production of TNF-&#945; and IL-12 triggered by LPS. These results support the existence of an autocrine\/paracrine loop through which ACh modulates the function of DCs.","palabras_clave":"Células dendríticas|Receptores colinérgicos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114093,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Preventive and Therapeutic Strategies for Bovine Leukemia Virus: Lessons for HTLV","resumen":"Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus closely related to the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). BLV is a major animal health problem worldwide causing important economic losses. A series of attempts were developed to reduce prevalence, chiefly by eradication of infected cattle, segregation of BLV-free animals and vaccination. Although having been instrumental in regions such as the EU, these strategies were unsuccessful elsewhere mainly due to economic costs, management restrictions and lack of an efficient vaccine. This review, which summarizes the different attempts previously developed to decrease seroprevalence of BLV, may be informative for management of HTLV-1 infection. We also propose a new approach based on competitive infection with virus deletants aiming at reducing proviral loads.","palabras_clave":"BLV|VACCINES| THERAPEUTICS|EPIGENETIC|ERADICATION| CONTROL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114094,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Larval Development and Metamorphosis of the Olfactory and Vomeronasal Organs in the Toad Rhinella (Bufo) Arenarum (Hensel 1867).","resumen":"The olfactory and the vomeronasal system are the two major chemosensory systems found in terrestrial vertebrates. Among tetrapods, amphibians are unique in having an aquatic larval stage, followed by metamorphosis to a terrestrial adult. In the present work, we studied the histological development of the olfactory and vomeronasal organ and associated multicellular glands of the toad Rhinella (Bufo) arenarum, from early poshatching larva to postmetamorphic toadlets. As in other bufonids, the olfactory epithelium of R. arenarum in larvae is divided into dorsal and ventral branches in the rostral and mid-nasal regions. At metamorphic climax, the larval pattern changes drastically and the adult olfactory configuration develops. Bowman?s glands appear in the olfactory epithelium of R. arenarum at the onset of metamorphic climax. The vomeronasal epithelium develops early in larval development in R. arenarum, around the time of operculum development. Interestingly, a novel sensory epithelium develops in the floor of the principal chamber of R. arenarum at metamorphic climax. This novel sensory epithelium resembles larval sensory epithelium lacking Bowman?s glands, and suggests that these animals would be able to sense not only air-borne, but also water-borne odors during their adult terrestrial life.","palabras_clave":"olfactory system|vomeronasal organ|amphibia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114095,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"RELATIVE VISCOELASTICITY OF SOY PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE AND POLYSACCHARIDES MIXTURES AT COOLING CONDITIONS ANALYZED BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY","resumen":"The objective of this work was to study the relative viscoelasticity of soy protein hydrolysate and polysaccharides mixtures at cooling conditions analyzed by response surface methodology. Systems of soy protein hydrolysate (HSP) of 4% degree of hydrolysis, a hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (E4M) and kappa-carrageenan (kC) were made with concentrations conformed by Doehlert matrix as experimental design used. The samples were subjected to dynamic rheological studies with a control stress rheometer, Paar Physica MCR 300, with a program with a heating and a cooling period. At the end of the cooling at 10ºC the relative viscoelasticity (tan d) was evaluated from these measurements. To relate the relative viscoelasticity with the components of systems and their concentrations at cooling conditions the response surface methodology was used to obtain this information. The results obtained indicate that E4M promoted in general a decrease of relative viscoelasticity only in the combined systems. When E4M was in combination with HSP, two regions in the plot with the lowest tan d can be possible to obtain. One of them was at lower HSP and E4M concentrations and the other at the HSP and E4M highest concentrations. In similar way, when E4M was in combination with kC an increase of relative viscoelasticity was observed at the lowest E4M and kC concentrations and other region was found at the highest E4M and kC concentrations. In other hand, kC would enhance a higher relative viscoelasticity, however, when this polysaccharide was used in combination with hydrolyzed soy protein and\/or E4M, a decrease of relative viscoelasticity was observed in the mixed systems. It can be concluded that E4M is the principal component which determines high viscoelastic characteristics in combination with hydrolyzed soy proteins and kC at 10ºC. ","palabras_clave":"SOY PROTEIN|HYDROLYSATES|POLYSACCHARIDES|GELATION|RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114096,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Imaginarios geográficos y cultura visual peronista: las imágenes geográficas en la revista Billiken (1945-1955)","resumen":"Las imágenes intervienen en la constitución de nociones geográficas. Se examina el repertorio de imágenes geográficas publicadas en una revista orientada al público infantil durante los dos primeros gobiernos peronistas (1946-1955). Los ejes de análisis seleccionados son el paisaje, el trabajo y el territorio. A través de ellos se indagan los imaginarios geográficos que fueron puestos en circulación en la época.       ","palabras_clave":"CULTURA VISUAL|GEOGRAFÍA|PERONISMO|BILLIKEN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114097,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Asparagine quantification in cellular culture media using copper modified carbon nanotubes composite electrodes","resumen":"Direct quantification of Asparagine (Asp) in a Streptomyces sp. M7 (SM7) culture medium was performed using multi-wall carbon nanotubes composite electrodes modified with copper microparticles (CNTPECu). A sensitive and fast response is achieved at CNTPE-Cu after additions of SM7 cultures supernatant, without interference of the culture medium components. This response allows determining the Asp concentration as a function of the bacteria growth. The results reveal that the SM7 bacteria consume Asp as a carbon and nitrogen sources in the absence of another carbon source such as glucose.","palabras_clave":"Streptomyces|Cellular culture media|Amperometric sensor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114098,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Real-time measurement of glucose using chrono-impedance technique on a second generation biosensor","resumen":"Chrono-impedance technique (CIT) was implemented as a new transduction method for real time measurement of glucose in a biosensor system based in carbon paste (CP)\/Ferrocene (FC)\/glucose oxidase (GOx). The system presents high selectivity because the optimal stimulation signal composed by a 165 mV DC potential and 50 mVRMS AC signal at 0.4 Hz was used. The low DC potential used decreased the interfering species effect and the biosensor showed a linear impedance response toward glucose detection at concentrations from 0 mM to 20 mM,with 0.9853 and 0.9945 correlation coefficient for impedance module (|Z|) and phase (&#730;), respectively. The results of quadruplicate sets reveal the high repeatability and reproducibility of the measurements with a relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 10%. CIT presented good accuracy (within 10% of the actual value) and precision did not exceed 15% of RSD for high concentration values and 20% for the low concentration ones. In addition, a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9954) between chrono-impedance and colorimetric methods was obtained. On the other hand, when two samples prepared at the same conditions were measured in parallel with both methods (the measurement was repeated four times), it should be noticed that student\u2019s t-test produced no difference between the two mentioned methods (p = 1). The biosensor system hereby presented is highly specific to glucose detection and shows a better linear range than the one reported on the previous article.","palabras_clave":"Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy|Chrono-impedance technique|Second generation biosensors"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114099,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of CYP3A5 Polymorphism on Tacrolimus Maintenance Doses and Serum Levels after Renal Transplantation: Age Dependency and Pharmacological Interaction with Steroids","resumen":"TAC, MMF and MP are used in pediatric kidney tx. The cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A5 enzyme appears to play a role in TAC metabolism. The aims of this study were to investigate CYP3A5 polymorphism´s effect on TAC dosing and the age dependency of TAC dosing by testing blood concentrations, and the interaction between steroids and TAC during the first year after tx. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified with specific primers. CYP3A5 alleles were confirmed by direct sequencing of PCR products on an automated AB13100 capillary sequencer. We studied 48 renal transplant patients (age at tx 12±0.5yr, 22 boys) receiving TAC, MMF, MP. Of these, 79% were CYP3A5*3\/*3 (non-expressers homozygotes) and 21% were CYP3A5*1\/*3 (expressers). TAC trough levels were 7.1±0.4ng\/mL in CYP3A5*3\/*3 patients and 6.5±0.7ng\/mL in CYP3A5*1\/*3 group (p=0.03). CYP3A5*1\/*3 patients had lower levels of dose-adjusted TAC (36.7±5.8ng\/mL\/mg\/kg\/day) to achieve target blood concentration and required higher daily dose per weight (0.21±0.03mg\/kg\/day) than CYP3A5*3\/*3 patients, 72.4±8.0ng\/mL\/mg\/kg\/day and 0.13±0.01mg\/kg\/day (p<0.001). Prepubertal patients with different CYP3A5 polymorphisms required significant higher TAC doses and achieved lower dose-normalized concentration compared with pubertal patients. Both TAC dose and adjusted-dose correlated with daily MP dose in CYP3A5*1*3 (r: 0.4, p<0.03 and r: 0.4, p<0.03) and in CYP3A5*3*3 (r: 0.6, p<0.01 and r: 0.47, p<0.001) patients. CYP3A5 polymorphism performed before tx could contribute to a better individualization of TAC therapy. The higher TAC dose in prepubertal patients and the pharmacological interactions between MP and TAC may not be fully explained by different CYP3A5 polymorphisms.","palabras_clave":"CYP3A5-polymorphisms|tacrolimus|renal |transplantation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114100,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Changes in structure, rheology and water mobility of apple tissue induced by osmotic dehydration with glucose or trehalose","resumen":"The impact of osmotic dehydration to wateractivity (aw) at 0.97 or 0.94 with glucose or trehalosesolutions on structure (optical and transmission electronicmicroscopy observations), rheological properties (smallscaledynamic oscillatory and creep\/recovery measurementsand large-scale compression force-deformation testing) andwater mobility (1H-NMR spectra) of parenchymatous appletissue was investigated. In general, the nature and theconcentration of sugar employed significantly affected thematerial properties and the structure of apple tissue. Adramatic loss in rigidity (Ed); an increase in deformation atrupture (&#949;RR), creep compliances (J0, J1, and J2), andfluidity (1\/&#951;0) and a decrease in storage (G&#8242;) and loss (G&#8243;)moduli, true rupture stress (&#963;RR), and proton transverserelaxation times (T2i) were induced by osmotic treatments.&#949;RR, C1, and T2i parameters allowed to discriminatebetween the sugars used as osmotic agents while thedifferent aw levels for each sugar resulted in changes in&#963;RR, W, and T2i values. Loss of turgor due to plasmolysis orrupture of membranes and desorganization\/degradation ofwalls allowed explaining, at least partially, the changes inmaterial parameters.Keywords Apple . Osmosis . Glucose . Trehalose .Watermobility. Rheology. Structure","palabras_clave":"APPLE .|OSMOSIS|THREALOSE|STRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114101,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structure (micro, ultra, nano), color and mechanical properties of Vitis labrusca L. (grape berry) fruits treated by hydrogen peroxide, UV?C irradiation and ultrasound","resumen":"labrusca L. fruits (grape berry) due to hydrogen peroxide, UV?C irradiation and ultrasound treatments wereexamined, and described using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electronmicroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Changes in mechanical properties and surface color were alsoevaluated. In general, decontamination treatments caused epicuticular wax pattern alteration, epicarpdisruptions, cell plasmolysis, and mesocarp collapse. Major observed ultrastructural and nanostructuralchanges were increased demarcation between cellulose layer and cuticular membrane, alteration of celluloseaggregates pattern, and presence of nanofractures, variables in shape and size. All treatments, mainlyultrasound, provoked significant but small differences in color parameters compared to untreated fruit. Oncontrast, mechanical properties determined by puncture test did not vary","palabras_clave":"Grape berry   |Structure|Mechanical properties |Color"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114102,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Polarization and photometric observations  of the gamma-ray blazar PG 1553+113","resumen":"We present the results of an observational photo-polarimetry campaign at optical wavelengths of the blazar PG 1553+113, which was recently detected at very high energies (&gt; 100 GeV) by the H.E.S.S and MAGIC gamma-ray Cherenkov telescopes.Our high-temporal resolution data show significant variations in the linear polarization percentage and position angle at inter-night time-scales, while at shorter (intra-night) time-scales both parameters varied less significantly, if at all. Changes in the polarization angle seem to be common in gamma-ray emitting blazars. Simultaneous differential photometry (through the B and R bands) shows no significant variability in the total optical flux. We provide B and R magnitudes, along with a finding chart, for a set of field stars suitable for differential photometry.","palabras_clave":"BL LACERTAE OBJECTS: INDIVIDUAL: PG 1553+113|PHOTOMETRY|POLARIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114103,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antibacterial Activity of Extracts from Plants of Central Argentina-Isolation of an Active Principle from Achyrocline satureioides","resumen":"The great increase in bacterial infections is fueling interest in the search for antibacterial products of plant origin. Extracts obtained from 51 native and naturalized plants from central Argentina were therefore evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory activity on pathogenic bacteria with the aim of selecting the most active ones as new sources of effective antibiotics. The susceptibility of reference and clinical strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus was determined. Extracts from Achyrocline satureioides, Flourensia oolepis, Lepechinia floribunda and Lithrea molleoides were the most potent, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.006 to 2 and 0.012 to 10 mg\/mL, respectively, on both Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity-guided isolation of A. satureioides ethanol extract showed 23-methyl-6-O-desmethylauricepyrone (1) to be the most active compound. This compound showed inhibitory effects against Gram-positive bacteria with MIC and MBC values of 0.002 and 0.008 mg\/mL respectively, while on Gram-negative strains, the MIC and MBC were 0.062-0.250 and 0.062-0.500 mg\/mL respectively. The strong antibacterial activity shown by the four plant extracts or the compound isolated from A. satureioides suggests that they could become part of the arsenal of antibacterial drugs currently used. ","palabras_clave":"NATURAL ANTIBACTERIALS|23-METHYL-6-O-DESMETHYLAURICEPYRONE|NATIVE PLANTS|ACYROCLINE SATUREIOIDES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114104,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expression of lorelei-like genes in aposporous and sexual Paspalum notatum plants","resumen":"Gametophytic apomictic plants form non-reduced embryo sacs that generate clonal embryos by parthenogenesis, in the absence of both meiosis and egg-cell fertilization. Here we report the sequence and expression analysis of a lorelei-like Paspalum notatum gene, n20gap-1, which encodes a GPI-anchored protein previously associated with apomixis in this species. Phylogeny trees showed that n20gap-1 was evolutionary related to the Arabidopsis thaliana lorelei genes At4g26466 and At5g56170. The lorelei At4g26466 disruption was shown to be detrimental to sperm cell release in arabidopsis. RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) analysis revealed the occurrence of several homologous sequences in the Paspalum notatum genome, exhibiting polymorphisms genetically linked to apomixis. Real-time PCR showed that lorelei-family genes present a minor activity peak at pre-meiosis and a major one at anthesis. The apomictic genotype analyzed showed a significantly increased activity at pre-meiosis, post-meiosis and anthesis with respect to a sexual genotype. In situ hybridization assays revealed expression in integuments, nucellus and the egg-cell apparatus. Several n20gap-1 alleles differing mainly at the 3' UTR sequence were identified. Allele-specific real-time PCR experiments showed that allele 28 was significantly induced in reproductive tissues of the apomictic genotype with respect to the sexual genotype at anthesis. Our results indicate that P. notatum lorelei-like genes are differentially expressed in representative sexual (Q4188) and apomictic (Q4117) genotypes, and might play a role in the final stages of the apomixis developmental cascade. However, the association of n20gap-1 expression with the trait should be confirmed in significant number of sexual and apomictic genotypes.","palabras_clave":"APOMIXIS|APOSPORY|LORELEI|PASPALUM NOTATUM|PLANT REPRODUCTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114105,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Revision of the species of the New World genus Augochlora (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) occurring in the southern temperates areas of its range.","resumen":"Augochlora is a genus of mainly tropical bees with few representatives in both North and South American temperate areas. In this contribution we clarify the systematics of the species with southernmost distribution. Only five species occur in a vast region including central Argentina and Uruguay, between 30º and 40º south latitude: A. iphigenia Holmberg, A. amphitrite (Schrottky), A. nausicaa (Schrottky), A. phoemonoe (Schrottky) and A. daphnis Smith. The first four species are common elements in the bee asemblages of the area. The fifth species, described from Montevideo, Uruguay, is known in the area from the type specimen only. Redescriptions, illustrations, distributional data, and a key to the species are presented. A lectotype is designated for Augochlora iphigenia Holmberg, 1886. Oxystoglossa semiramis Schrottky, 1911, and Halictus brochidens Vachal, 1911, are new synonyms of A. iphigenia Holmberg. Odontochlora thebe Schrottky, 1909, and Odontochlora cephalica Moure, 1941, are new synonyms of Odontochlora amphitrite Schrottky, 1909.","palabras_clave":"AUGOCHLORINI|PAMPEAN REGION|TAXONOMY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114106,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DELIVERY OF THE BIOACTIVE GAS H2S DURING COLD PRESERVATION OF RAT LIVER. EFFECTS ON HEPATIC FUNCTION IN AN EX-VIVO MODEL","resumen":"The insults sustained by transplanted livers (hepatectomy, hypothermic preservation and normothermic reperfusion) could compromise hepatic function. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a physiologic gaseous signaling molecule, like NO and CO.  We examined the effect of allyl disulfide as a H2S-donor during hypothermic preservation and reperfusion on intrahepatic resistance (IHR), lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH), bile production, oxygen consumption, Sulphobromophtalein (BSP) depuration and histology in an isolated perfused rat liver model (IPRL), after 48 h of hypothermic storage (4°C) in University of Wisconsin solution (UW, Viaspan®). Livers were retrieved from fed male Wistar rats. Three experimental groups were analyzed: Control group (C): IPRL was performed after surgery; (UW): IPRL was performed in livers preserved (48 h-4°C) in UW solution; and UW- H2S: IPRL was performed in livers preserved (48 h-4°C) in UW in presence of 3.4 mM allyl disulfide.  Hypothermic preservation injuries were manifested at reperfusion by a slight increment in IHR and LDH release compared with control group. Also, bile production for control group (1.32 uL\/min\/g of liver) seemed to be diminished after preservation by 73 % in UW and 69 % in UW- H2S group at the end of normothermic reperfusion.  Liver samples analyzed by Hematoxilyn \/ Eosin clearly showed the deleterious effect of  cold storage process, partially reversed (dilated sinudoids and vacuolization attenuation) by the addition of a H2S delivery compound to the preservation solution   Hepatic clearance (HC) of BSP was affected by cold storage of livers but, there were no noticeable differences between livers preserved with or without allyl disulfide. Meanwhile, livers preserved in presence of H2S-donor, showed an enhanced capacity for BSP uptake (kACON=0.29 min-1; kAUW=0.29 min-1; kAUWS=0.36 min-1).  In summary, our animal model suggests that hepatic hypothermic preservation for transplantation affects liver function and hepatic depuration of BSP, and imply that the inclusion of H2S-donor during hypothermic preservation could improve standard methods of preparing livers for transplant.","palabras_clave":"LIVER|ORGAN PRESERVATION|LIVER FUNCTION TESTS|DRUG KINETICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114107,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Organ Preservation: Current Concepts and New Strategies for the Next Decade","resumen":"Organ transplantation has developed over the past 50 years  to reach the sophisticated and integrated clinical service of  today through several advances in science. One of the most  important of these has been the ability to apply organ preservation  protocols to deliver donor organs of high quality,  via a network of organ exchange to match the most suitable  recipient patient to the best available organ, capable of  rapid resumption of life-sustaining function in the recipient  patient. This has only been possible by amassing a good  understanding of the potential effects of hypoxic injury on  donated organs, and how to prevent these by applying  organ preservation. This review sets out the history of  organ preservation, how applications of hypothermia have  become central to the process, and what the current status  is for the range of solid organs commonly transplanted. The  science of organ preservation is constantly being updated  with new knowledge and ideas, and the review also discusses  what innovations are coming close to clinical reality  to meet the growing demands for high quality organs in  transplantation over the next few years.","palabras_clave":"BIOPRESERVATION|STORAGE|ORGAN|TRANSPLANTATION|KIDNEY|LIVER|HEART|LUNG|PANCREAS|SMALL BOWEL|HYPOXIA|HYPOTHERMIA|PERFUSION|METABOLISM|UW SOLUTION|COLLINS SOLUTION|BRETSCHNEIDER'S SOLUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114108,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Description of a novel single mutation in the AcMNPV polyhedrin gene that results in abnormally large cubic polyhedra","resumen":"We describe a point mutation in the AcMNPV polyhedrin gene that produces abnormally large cubic polyhedra in packaging cell lines. A polyhedrin mutant baculovirus in which the single change E44G was introduced confirmed that this mutation and no other alterations in the AcMNPV genome was responsible for the abnormal phenotype. Although baculoviral VP39 protein was detected inside mutant polyhedra, electron microscopy demonstrated that only a proportion of the large crystals allow occlusion of virions. When compared with wild-type polyhedra, the mutant inoculum showed reduced oral infectivity for Rachiplusia nu larvae. Hence, the amino acid 44 substitution in the AcMNPV polyhedrin protein alters polyhedrin assembly and affects viral occlusion and infectivity.","palabras_clave":"AcMNPV polyhedrin|Mutant|Large polyhedra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114109,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ALIMENTOS TRADICIONALES DEL NOROESTE ARGENTINO: SU COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA","resumen":"Introducción: En el NOA el maíz es un insumo culinario clave. Otros alimentos regionales de menor consumo tienen importancia en la gastronomía turística gourmet. Objetivo: Determinar el contenido de macronutrientes, fibra dietaria, minerales y el aporte energético en preparaciones de la Quebrada de Humahuaca.Material y Métodos: Se analizaron veinte alimentos de consumo habitual: mote cocido con cáscara, pelado con cenizas, amarillo pelado hervido, con cebolla y huevo (PT1 a 4); guiso con mote y panza (PT5); sopa majada con: charqui,  frangollo, arroz (PT6 a 8); guiso con: tuco y arroz, fideos, charqui con papa verde (PT9 a 11); estofado de: llama, cordero (PT12 y 13); llama asada (PT14); arroz dextrinizado hervido (PT15); queso de cabra (PT16); pan de maíz (PT17); cordero asado (PT18); papines rojos (PT19); papa verde (PT20). El contenido de proteínas, grasa, cenizas y fibra dietaria se determinó según AOAC. Los carbohidratos totales se calcularon por diferencia y el aporte calórico con los factores de Atwater. Resultados: Las PT16, 14 y 18 tuvieron el mayor contenido proteico (21,8 a 30,7 g%) y las PT19 y 20, inferior a 1,5 g%. La grasa varió entre 0,2 y 10,8 g%, excepto para PT14 y 16 a 18 (mayor a 16,0 g%). Las PT11 y 16 tuvieron la mayor concentración de minerales (superior a 3,00 g%); las demás, entre 0,65 y 1,59 g%. El mayor contenido de fibra fue 20,0 g% (PT17),  seguido por PT4 y 3 (10,4 y 12,0 g%). Fueron muy variables los carbohidratos (0,5 a 56,3 g%) y el aporte energético (37 a 457 Kcal%).Conclusiones: Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la composición y aporte nutricional de alimentos regionales de consumo habitual.","palabras_clave":"COMIDAS TRADICIONALES|NOA|MOTE|APORTE CALÓRICO|COMPOSICIÓN DE MACRONUTRIENTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114110,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"DISPONIBILIDAD POTENCIAL IN VITRO DE HIERRO Y ZINC EN UNA DIETA INFANTIL CON PAN FORTIFICADO CON DISTINTAS FUENTES DE HIERRO O CON AGREGADO DE PROMOTORES DE LA ABSORCIÓN","resumen":"RESUMEN. Los alimentos complementarios más utilizados  son las dietas caseras. En el presente trabajo se  evaluó la disponibilidad de hierro y zinc en una dieta infantil  de consumo habitual conteniendo pan fortificado  con diferentes fuentes de hierro: sulfato ferroso, bisglicinato  ferroso, NaFeEDTA. También se utilizó pan sin  fortificar con agregado de ácido ascórbico, citrato de  sodio o Na2EDTA como promotores de la absorción,  combinada con diversas bebidas. La dieta (papa, zapallo,  sémola, pan y manzana) se combinó con agua, leche, té,  bebida cola y bebida artificial a base de naranja. La dializabilidad  (D) mineral, como indicador de la disponibilidad  potencial fue determinada utilizando un método in  vitro. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando  ANOVA, con test de Tukey a posteriori.  No hubo diferencias significativas en la DFe entre las  dietas del pan fortificado con sulfato o bisglicinato; con  el NaFeEDTA aumentó significativamente (p<0,05). El  aumento de la DFe fue mayor en las dietas que tenían  panes con promotores que en las que tenían panes fortificados.  La bebida a base de naranja aumentó la DFe,  mientras que el té y la leche la disminuyeron significativamente  (p<0,05). La DZn aumentó en forma significativa  cuando el pan estaba fortificado con sulfato o  NaFeEDTA, pero no cuando se fortificó con bisglicinato.  El agregado de té o leche disminuyó la DZn mientras que  la bebida a base de naranja la aumentó significativamente  (p<0,05). En relación a los promotores, las mayores  DFe y DZn se observaron en las dietas con el pan sin  fortificar, con agregado de Na2EDTA","palabras_clave":"Alimentacion complementaria|dializabilidad|fortificacion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114111,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modulatory Role of Ovarian Function on Neuro-Immuno-Endocrine Axis Activity","resumen":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ovariectomy (OVX) on the acute phase response of inflammatory stress. Ex vivo adrenocortical, peripheral mononuclear cell (PMNC) and adipocyte activities were studied in the intact and OVX mice. Endotoxemia was mimicked by i.p. administration of bacterial lipoploysaccharide (LPS; 25 mg per mouse) in sham operated (SHAM) and 21 day-OVX mice. Circulating corticosterone (B), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a and leptin concentrations were monitored before and 30-120 minutes post-LPS. Additionally, in vitro experiments were performed with isolated corticoadrenal cells, PMNC and omental adipocytes, from SHAM and OVX mice, incubated with specific secretagogues. The results indicate that while OVX enhanced TNFa secretion after LPS in vivo administration, it reduced corticoadrenal response and abrogated LPS-elicited leptin secretion in circulation. While the corticoadrenal sensitivity to ACTH stimulation was reduced by OVX, the LPS-induced PMNC response was not affected. Exogenous leptin enhanced basal PMNC function, regardless of surgery. Finally, OVX drastically reduced in vitro adipocyte functionality. Our data support that the removal of ovaries modified neuroendocrine-immune-adipocyte axis function, and strongly suggest that ovarian activity could play a pivotal role for the development of an adequate body\u2019s defense mechanism after injury.","palabras_clave":"Ovary and HPA-immune axis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114112,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chromosomal Characterization of Prochilodus lineatus from Paraná River, Corrientes, Argentina. I. B Chromosomes and NOR Banding","resumen":"The fish of the genus Prochilodus, commonly known as sábalo, are of great economic and ecological importance. Different species of this genus are widely distributed throughout all the basins of South America. Cytogenetic analysis performed on specimens of Prochilodus lineatus from Puerto Abras (Paraná River, Argentina), revealed the occurrence of 54 chromosomes of meta-submetacentric type, together with the presence of small supernumerary chromosomes with intra and interindividual variations. The use of the 18S rDNA probe confirmed the results obtained with Ag-NORs, identifying the presence of a metacentric chromosome pair with ribosomal cistrons in interstitial position in the long arm. Through both of these techniques are noted differences in the size of the nucleolar regions, this variation is probably related to the occurrence of events of duplication and \/ or deletion","palabras_clave":"Prochilodus lineatus|B chomosome|Ag NOR|FISH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114113,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chromosomal analyses in Megalonema platanum (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), an endangered species from South American rivers","resumen":"This study presents chromosomal data of Megalonema platanum from rio Tibagi, Paraná, Brazil and from rio Paraná, Argentina. The diploid number was equal 54 with karyotype composition of 24m+16sm+2st+12a in both populations. The AgNOR sites were detected in the terminal position of a submetacentric pair of the two analyzed populations, coinciding with secondary constrictions on the short arm of pair 15. CMA3 and FISH with 18S rDNA probe displayed fluorescent signals that correspond to the AgNOR sites and secondary constriction. The presence of a small acrocentric supernumerary chromosome can be observed in M. platanum from rio Tibagi, with centromeric heterochromatin. Others heterochromatic blocks were evidenced in the terminal position of some chromosome and one metacentric large chromosome pair, probably the first pair, showed an interstitial heterochromatin. In the population of the rio Paraná were still observed heterochromatic blocks in both ends in some chromosomes. This work brings for the first time cytogenetic date of M. platanum, which is a very rare species in the rio Paraná basin and may be endangered. ","palabras_clave":"Cytogenetics|C-banding|CMA3|FISH|NORs|Pimelodidae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114114,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) on photosynthesis and related processes of leaves in wheat crops grown at two contrasting sites and with different nitrogen levels","resumen":"Leaf rust is one of the main diseases affecting wheat yield production.  11 Considering the physiological variables that determine yield, diseases could affect  12 radiation capture and\/or radiation use efficiency. Reductions in radiation use efficiency  13 may be mediated through effects on photosynthesis rate and related variables (i.e: dark  14 respiration rate, stomatal conductance or photosynthesis events per se). The aim of  15 this study was to analyze the effects of leaf rust on wheat leaves photosynthesis rate  16 and to understand which processes determining photosynthesis are affected by this  17 pathogen. Gas exchange measurements were taken on flag leaves with various rust  18 severity levels in experiments carried out on two locations which included different  19 nitrogen fertilization rates and sowing dates. Leaf rust reduced net photosynthesis rate  20 at light saturation through reductions in gross photosynthesis (average reduction: 6.1  &#956;mol CO2 m-2 green area s-121 ) rather than through increases in dark respiration rate  (average increase: 0.7 &#956;mol CO2 m-2 green area s-122 ). Changes in leaf nitrogen  23 concentration did not modify the effects of leaf rust on net photosynthesis rate.","palabras_clave":"Photosynthesis|Wheat|Leaf rust"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114115,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Factors that modify early and late reproductive phases in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): Its impact on seed yield and oil content","resumen":"Oilseed rape yield potential could be improved lengthening the duration of the late reproductive phase by  increasing the number of grains per unit area. Photoperiod sensitivity could be used as a tool to manipulate  the reproductive phase and thereby the number of grains. The aim of this study was to assess (i) the  effects of different combinations of photoperiod on the duration of different phases and (ii) analyze how  the changes in that duration affect yield (and its components) as well as oil seed content in oilseed rape.  Field experiments were conducted in a factorial combination of three cultivars and three photoperiod  regimes: natural photoperiod (NP) which represents the control and extended photoperiod of 6 h over NP  (NP + 6) during emergence (E)\u2013flower buds visible (FBV) and FBV\u2013maturity (M) arranged in a randomized  complete block design with three replicates, during two years representing three environments. Results  showed that oilseed rape evidenced photoperiod responses during vegetative and early reproductive  phases. Due to the lack of correlation between the duration of the vegetative and reproductive phases,  it is possible to speculate the vegetative period may be altered independently of the modification of the  rest of the phases. The positive relationship between grain number per m2 and the duration of the late  reproductive phase suggests that yield could be increased by lengthening the duration of that phase. Thus,  regardless of the effect on the previous phase, the photoperiod sensitivity found in the early reproductive  phase opens the possibility to manipulate the relative durations of vegetative and reproductive phases.  Therefore, the length of the reproductive phase will be increased at the expense of a reduction in the  duration of the vegetative phase, but without changing the whole duration of the crop cycle. This strategy  could increase yield in oilseed rape in the future. Variations in yield were mostly explained by changes  in the grain number per unit area without significant correlation with grain weight. However, a negative  relationship between grain weight and grain number was found, showing a slight counterbalance in yield,  by decreasing the grain weight. Since oil concentration appeared to be a more conservative attribute,  increases in crop yield through a higher grain number per unit area would be a suitable strategy for  improving oil yield as no reductions in oil concentration can be expected","palabras_clave":"Photoperiod|crop development|oliseed rape"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114116,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Angiotensin-(1-7) reduces proteinuria and diminishes structural damage in renal tissue of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats","resumen":"Angiotensin(ANG)-(1?7) constitutes an important functional end-productof the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that acts to balancethe physiological actions of ANG II. In the kidney, ANG-(1?7) exertsbeneficial effects by inhibiting growth-promoting pathways and reducingproteinuria.","palabras_clave":"ANGIOTENSIN (1-7)|HYPERTENSION|kidney"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114117,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prolonged exposure to GH impairs insulin signaling in the heart","resumen":"Acromegaly is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, which is believed to   be a direct consequence of chronically elevated GH                          and IGF1. Given that insulin is important for   cardiac growth and function, and considering that GH excess induces   hyperinsulinemia,                          insulin resistance, and cardiac alterations, it   is of interest to study insulin sensitivity in this tissue under chronic   conditions                          of elevated GH. Transgenic mice overexpressing   GH present cardiomegaly and perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in   the heart.                          Mice received an insulin injection, the heart   was removed after 2&#8202;min, and immunoblotting assays of tissue extracts   were performed                          to evaluate the activation and abundance of   insulin-signaling mediators. Insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of   the insulin                          receptor (IR) was conserved in transgenic mice,   but the phosphorylation of IR substrate 1 (IRS1), its association with   the                          regulatory subunit of the phosphatidylinositol   3-kinase (PI3K), and the phosphorylation of AKT were decreased. In   addition,                          total content of the glucose transporter GLUT4   was reduced in transgenic mice. Insulin failed to induce the   phosphorylation                          of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).   However, transgenic mice displayed increased basal activation of the   IR\/IRS1\/PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR                          and p38 signaling pathways along with higher   serine phosphorylation of IRS1, which is recognized as an inhibitory   modification.                          We conclude that GH-overexpressing mice exhibit   basal activation of insulin signaling but decreased sensitivity to acute   insulin                          stimulation at several signaling steps   downstream of the IR in the heart. These alterations may be associated   with the cardiac                          pathology observed in these animals.","palabras_clave":"GROWTH HORMONE|HEART|INSULIN SIGNALING|SERINE PHOSPHORYLATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114118,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multivariate approach to characterizing soil microbial communities in pristine and agricultural sites in Northwest Argentina","resumen":"Land use effects on microbial communities may have profound impacts on agricultural productivity and ecosystem sustainability as they are critical in soil quality and health. The main aim of this study was to characterize the microbial communities of pristine and agricultural soils in the central Yungas region in Northwest Argentina. As a first step in the development of biological indicators of soil quality in this region, a comprehensive approach involving a structural and functional evaluation of microbial communities was used to detect changes in soil as consequence of land use. The sites selected included two pristine montane forest sites (MF1 and MF2), two plots under sugarcane monoculture for 40 and 100 years (SC40 and SC100), one plot under 20 years of soybean monoculture (SB20), a recently deforested and soybean cropped site (RC), and two reference sites of native forest adjacent to the sugarcane and soybean plots (PF1 and PF2). We used three microbial community profiling methods: denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of PCR amplified 16S rRNA genes, community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) using a BD oxygen biosensor system (BDOBS-CLPP) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Deforestation and agriculture caused expected increases in pH and decreases in organic carbon and microbial biomass. Additionally, shifts in the microbial community structure and physiology were detected with disturbance, including reduced diversity based on PLFA data. The higher respiratory response to several carbon substrates observed in agricultural soils suggested the presence of microbial communities with lower growth yield efficiency that could further reduce carbon storage in these soils.Using an integrated multivariate analysis of all data measured in this study we propose a minimum data set of variables (organic carbon, pH, sucrose and valeric acid utilizations, a17:0 and a15:0 PLFA biomarkers and the value of impact on microbial diversity) to be used for future studies of soil quality in Northwest Argentina.","palabras_clave":"YUNGAS|SOIL QUALITY|LAND USE|DGGE|CLPP|PLFA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114119,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The key role of membranes in amyloid formation from a biophysical perspective","resumen":"Even  though our knowledge of how proteins misfold and aggregate is deeper  nowadays, the mechanisms driving this process are still poorly  understood. Among the factors involved, membranes should be taken  into account. Indeed, convincing evidence suggests that membranes may  influence protein folding, misfolding and aggregation. In fact,  membrane lipid composition of different cellular types may attenuate  or intensify the environmental pressure over protein folding  equilibrium. In the present review the aim is to make an up-to-date  analysis of the membrane influence on protein aggregation from a  biophysical point of view in order to provide useful tools for  researchers from other fields. In particular, we discuss how  membranes can alter protein environment, e.g. increasing local  protein concentration, lowering pH and dielectric constant, allowing  accessibility to the hydrophobic milieu and promoting surface  crowding, all of which will lead to protein aggregation. In addition,  we review the role that specific lipids may exert on protein  aggregation and finally we analyse the possible implication of  membrane-related oxidative stress on amyloidogenesis.","palabras_clave":"MEMBRANES|AMYLOIDS|PROTEINS|NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES|OXIDATIVE STRESS|ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN|AMYLOID BETA|GAPDH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114120,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El nacimiento de la justicia biopolítica","resumen":"Traducción del inglés al español del texto 'La justicia biopolítica' de Pat O'Malley publicado en Cuadernos de trabajo Nro 1 y presentado por su autor en Conferencia en el III Coloquio Latinoamericano de Biopolítica realizado en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires los días 1, 2 y 3 de septiembre de 2011.","palabras_clave":"JUSTICIA|BIOPOLITICA|BENTHAM|FOUCAULT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114121,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New recurrent chromosome alterations in patients with multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia","resumen":"Chromosome abnormalities detected in metaphases from multiple myeloma (MM) cells have a clear impact on prognosis and response to therapy. Thirteen out of 50 (26%) patients with plasma cell disorders and abnormal karyotypes (11 with MM and 2 with plasma cell leukemia (PCL)) were selected for inclusion in the present report based on the presence of karyotypes with new and\/or infrequent structural aberrations. Thirty-three new rearrangements, including a novel recurrent aberration: psu dic(5;1)(q35;q10), were detected. Chromosome 1 was the most frequently involved. Gains of genetic material (57%) were noted more frequently than losses (43%). Three rearrangements that were observed only once in the literature appear to be recurrent from our data: del(16)(q13), del(5)(p13) and i(3)(q10), the latter being a single structural aberration in the karyotype. Clinical parameters from our series were compared with 2 control groups: 20 MM cases with recurrent aberrations in MM\/PCL with a similar distribution of abnormalities associated with poor prognosis (group 1), and 40 with normal karyotypes and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis (group 2). Significantly increased serum calcium levels (p = 0.022) in patients with new and\/or infrequent chromosome changes with respect to both control groups, and a higher percentage of bone marrow plasma cell infiltration (p = 0.005), â2 microglobulin, and lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.0001) compared to group 2 were observed. Our results suggest that some of these novel rearrangements may be capable to deregulate genetic mechanisms related to the development and\/or progression of the disease. The finding of new recurrent aberrations supports this hypothesis.","palabras_clave":"CYTOGENETICS|CHROMOSOME ALTERATIONS|FISH|MULTIPLE MYELOMA|PLASMA CELL LEUKEMIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114122,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Room temperature I-V characteristics of a single hollow La2\/3Ca1\/3MnO3 microparticle","resumen":"In this work we present an electrical characterization of La2\/3Ca1\/3MnO3 particles obtained byspray pyrolysis. We optimized the synthesis conditions to obtain the desired compound with theexpected structure and the ferromagnetic transition at the same temperature as the bulk material.We found that a post-deposition thermal treatment enhances the magnetic properties of thesamples. The study of structural, morphological and magnetic properties shows that the walls ofthe hollow spheres are constituted by grains on the nanometer scale. The I \u2013V characterizationshows typical signatures of tunneling transport. This behavior can be associated with the grainboundaries within the microparticle\u2019s wall acting as tunnel barriers.","palabras_clave":"Grain boundaries|Magnetic properties|IV characteristics|Manganese oxide"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114123,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Orden y Conflicto","resumen":"Para pensar la cuestión de la obediencia he decidido realizar una lectura comparativa de dos autores: Thomas Hobbes y Niccolò Machiavelli. Si bien es cierto que no existe una gran literatura dedicada a dicha labor, desde mi perspectiva es central ya que abre la posibilidad de pensar dos maneras diversas en relación a la obediencia. A lo largo del texto, entonces, trataremos de mostrar que Hobbes es un pensador de la soberanía y Machiavelli es un pensador del conflicto . De este modo, el texto es la respuesta a la convicción de que no hay una única manera de pensar la política.   Es por ello que el objetivo del análisis de estos dos autores es evidenciar que, por un lado, existe una lógica política que se desprende de la obediencia sin discusión a una ley que ordena ?de manera trascendente- el caos del cual los hombres se han desprendido instaurando un momento político a partir de un pacto\/contrato. Es decir, la soberanía entendida como el derecho a matar, aunque puede que no sea necesario que el soberano mate, pero lo importante es tener en cuenta el miedo de los súbditos frente a la posibilidad de ser muertos. De allí la relevancia, también, del momento instituido: antes del pacto solo hay un estado de naturaleza pre-político, sólo después del pacto hay un estado político. De esto se desprende que la política en el plano de la soberanía ?al menos en clave hobbesiana- está relacionada con la necesaria obediencia al soberano.   Por otro lado, Machiavelli da una respuesta diferente al problema político. Para el italiano, la eliminación del germen conflictivo es inviable porque la oposición entre las partes es el elemento constitutivo de la política. Como sabemos, Machiavelli conoce la teoría hipocrática de los cuatro humores a través de Galeno  y la aplica a su análisis político reduciéndola a dos humores esenciales: i Grandi e i Popolari.  De este modo, no hay en el Fiorentino un momento pre-político y otro político, sino que la política es esa forma en la que la lucha entre partes opuestas no desaparece jamás, pero está enmarcada en ciertas instituciones.   Así, mostraremos dos maneras de comprender la política: por un lado, la concepción hobbesiana que piensa la política como orden y obediencia; por el otro, la posición machiavelliana que piensa la político como conflicto y pone el acento en el momento instituyente en el que se renueva el ?orden? que hace de margen al conflicto.    Otra cuestión que considero imprescindible señalar es por qué hemos recurrido a dos autores de la modernidad y por qué, entonces, es importante que se toque ?aunque de manera tangencial- esta cuestión (es decir, aunque la cuestión de la modernidad atravesará necesariamente el texto, no es esta la cuestión que se quiere discutir). Este texto tiene como hilo conductor la lectura de Roberto Esposito. Nos serviremos de ella no solo para dar cuenta de una mirada original de los dos autores arriba mencionados, sino para plantear la posibilidad de pensar que ellos dieron lugar a dos ?modernidades diversas?. Es decir, trabajaremos a Hobbes dentro del paradigma de la modernidad clásica y propondremos para Machiavelli ?un?altra modernità?. Esposito sostiene en su recientemente publicado Pensiero vivente que en Italia fue posible un pensamiento diferente del resto y que es justamente esta ?differenza italiana ? lo que está dando lugar a la emergencia de una filosofía muy potente. En otros términos, la relevancia de pensar estos dos autores y sus diferentes formas de la política así como los ?momentos? que estos pensamientos abren, reside en que es a partir de allí que se ilumina la discusión contemporánea. Creo, entonces, que pensar a Hobbes y a Machiavelli implica dar luz a la problemática de la obediencia y a sus derivas contemporáneas, así como sugerir un corte geo-filosófico horizontal en el mismo plano vertical de la historia. No sólo leer estos autores desde su tiempo y proyectarlos a la contemporaneidad, sino también desde su territorialidad y así sugerir una mirada particular sobre la filosofía italiana.   De este modo, nos serviremos de las categorías conceptuales de Roberto Esposito para pensar a Thomas Hobbes como el filósofo que da lugar de manera acabada al paradigma inmunitario que abre la modernidad clásica; de la categoría conflicto para dar cuenta del pensamiento de Niccolò Machiavelli y de una manera de entender la política que no está pensada en los términos de la obediencia; y finalmente adelantar algunas conclusiones en relación a la posibilidad de pensar en algún tipo de biopolítica afirmativa.     Por último, proponer que Roberto Esposito entraría en la serie de autores italianos caracterizados por esa ?differenza? propia de la territorialidad, entendida no como un espacio geográficamente determinado, sino como aquellas características ambientales, lingüísticas, tonales que remiten a una modalidad específica. Sin entrar en demasiados detalles, y sólo para dar cuenta del origen de la cuestión, esta ?differenza? pone en discusión a Esposito con Deleuze. Ya en Qu´est-ce que la philosophie? se había planteado la dialéctica entre territorio y desterritorialización como aquello que impediría deslizar la cuestión hacia los márgenes de una suerte de nacionalismo filosófico. En trazos muy rápidos, debemos decir que la ?differenza italiana? reside en la relación conflictiva entre pensamiento y estado-nación. El descentramiento propio de Italia hasta 150 años es lo que provocó, por un lado, que la filosofía italiana precediera a la formación del estado y, por el otro, que el pensamiento italiano sea en muchos casos una forma de resistencia al poder. Esta discrasia entre saber y poder es lo que hizo posible durante siglos que sus pensadores fueran más libres de los condicionamientos en relación al estado y que pusieran especial énfasis a la relación entre política y vida.","palabras_clave":"CONFLICTO|MACHIAVELLI|ESPOSITO|BIOPOLITICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114124,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Algebraic functions","resumen":"Let A be an algebra. We say that the functions f&#8321;,...,f_{m}:A&#8319;&#8594;A are algebraic on A provided there is a finite system of term-equalities &#8896;t_{k}(x,z)=s_{k}(x,z) satisfying that for each a&#8712;A&#8319;, the m-tuple  (f&#8321;(a),...,f_{m}(a)) is the unique solution in A^{m} to the system &#8896;t_{k}(a,z)=s_{k}(a,z). In this work we present a collection of general tools for the study of algebraic functions, and apply them to obtain characterizations for algebraic functions on distributive lattices, Stone algebras, finite abelian groups and vector spaces, among other well known algebraic structures.","palabras_clave":"Implicit equational definition |Distributive Lattice|Stone algebra"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114125,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quasivarieties and congruence permutability of lukasiewicz implication algebras","resumen":"In this paper we study some questions concerning &#321;ukasiewicz implication algebras. In particular, we show that every subquasivariety of &#321;ukasiewicz implication algebras is, in fact, a variety. We also derive some characterizations of congruence permutable algebras. The starting point for these results is a representation of finite &#321;ukasiewicz implication algebras as upwardly-closed subsets in direct products of MV-chains.","palabras_clave":"&#321;ukasiewicz implication algebras|quasivarieties|congruence permutability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114126,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ISÓTOPOS ESTABLES, FAUNA Y TECNOLOGÍA EN EL ESTUDIO DE LOS CAZADORES RECOLECTORES DE LA COSTA NORTE DE SANTA CRUZ","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un análisis de isótopos estables del carbono y nitrógeno correspondientes a restos humanos recuperados en la Costa Norte de Santa Cruz (CNSC). Se discuten las pautas generadas a partir de estudios previos del registro arqueológico y etnohistórico para dicho sector en cuanto al uso de recursos marinos por parte de poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras del Holoceno tardío. Estos estudios han propuesto un uso intenso de los recursos marinos en el Holoceno Tardío, lo cual se encuentra respaldado tanto por la distribución y densidad del registro arqueológico, como por los taxones dominantes de los conjuntos arqueofaunísticos y por el tipo de artefactos vinculados con la explotación de recursos costeros y marinos.    En este trabajo se presentan valores de isótopos estables del carbono y nitrógeno de 10 individuos recuperados en la CNSC con el objetivo de evaluar la importancia relativa de los recursos marinos en paleodietas de poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras. A partir de esta información se registra una amplia variabilidad en las paleodietas con una preponderancia de dietas mixtas, por lo que se propone un uso intensivo pero no exclusivo de los ámbitos costeros, combinado con la ingesta de recursos terrestres. Esta interpretación contrasta con el registro arqueofaunístico de la CNSC que está dominado por recursos marinos. Se plantea una complementación de ambientes litorales con movimientos hacia sectores interiores próximos, donde se explotarían recursos terrestres. Asimismo, la evidencia isotópica señala que el uso de los recursos marinos en este sector no fue más intensivo que el registrado en otros sectores costeros de Patagonia continental.","palabras_clave":"d13C y d15N|SUBSISTENCIA|CAZADORES RECOLECTORES COSTEROS|PATAGONIA MERIDIONAL|HOLOCENO TARDÍO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114127,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El registro arqueológico de la gruta de El Manzano y sus implicancias para la arqueología de Nordpatagonia","resumen":"En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los análisis realizados sobre los materiales del sitioarqueológico Gruta de El Manzano, localizado sobre el río Grande, en el Departamento de Malargüe, al sur de la provincia de Mendoza. Utilizando la información generada, se discuten aspectos de la funcionalidad del sitio, los cambios a través del tiempo y se destaca su importancia para la discusión de los temas de la arqueología del norte de Patagonia. Los recientes fechados radiocarbónicos ubican al inicio de las ocupaciones en más de 8.000 años AP y confirman la existencia del hiatus regional para el Holoceno medio. Los materiales analizados muestran importantes cambios en las tendencias de los mismos, especialmente hacia la segunda mitad del Holoceno tardío, donde los diferentes indicadores sugieren diferencias en relación a la movilidad, el uso de la fauna, los recursos vegetales y la incorporación de tecnología cerámica.","palabras_clave":"cazadores-recolectores|norte de Patagonia|Mendoza|tendencias temporales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114128,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The rete mirabile of the tail, an effective site for sampling sterile blood from armadillos (Dasypodidae, Xenarthra)","resumen":"Armadillos constitute a neotropical endemic mammalian group in the American continent and the main diversity is distributed in Argentina. Several species of this family are in danger of extinction. Blood collection in armadillos is difficult because of their anatomy. In the present work, in latex-perfused material, the rete mirabile of the coccygeal artery of the tail was recognized as an appropriate venipuncture site for sterile blood collection. From cadaveric material, histological sections of the tail of six species of five genera of armadillos were used to determine the diameter and the distance to access the main artery of the rete mirabile ventrodorsally. Field studies were carried out in wild animals. A total of 232 blood samples were obtained from the following species: Chaetophractus villosus (70), C. vellerosus (105), Zaedyus pichiy (15), Euphractus sexcinctus (8), Dasypus hybridus (25), and Tolypeutes matacus (9). The animals were restrained with the thumbs pressing the abdomen ventrolaterally and the rest of the fingers holding the carapace. Punctures were carried out between the first and second rings of the tail with a 21-gauge needle. Alternatively, an immobilization device was designed to allow sampling by a single operator. Blood cell integrity was evaluated through histological analysis and ulterior development in lymphocyte culture. We concluded that the rete mirabile of the tail of armadillos is an effective venipuncture site for field studies that allows obtaining sterile blood samples, avoiding animal mortality, high-risk venipuncture sites, anesthetics and excessive stress. ","palabras_clave":"Armadillos|Blood collection|restraint lymphocyte culture|rete mirabile"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114129,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Inter-male aggression in relation to female availability and residence status in corn mice, Calomys musculinus","resumen":"  &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:none;  \tfont-size:10.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:ES;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES;}  p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle  \t{margin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \ttext-align:center;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES;  \tfont-weight:bold;  \tmso-bidi-font-weight:normal;}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;                    Andrea  R. STEINMANN and José W. PRIOTTO                  &nbsp;                  Abstract                  We conducted an experimental study to test the  hypothesis that at low female  availability males show intra-sexual aggressive behaviour and home range  owners are more aggressive than home range intruders. Using field  dyadic arena test we carried out 35 male-male trials in four 0.25 ha enclosures, two  male-biased (experimental enclosures), and two unbiased (control enclosures).  Dyadic encounters were conducted between un-related and sexually mature males  of similar weight and age which established home ranges in the same enclosure  at the same trapping session. Each inter-male encounter was performed in the  home range of one of the opponents between the home range owner and a home  range intruder. When sex ratios were male-biased, inter-male amicable behaviour  was absent and we found significant rates of inter-male aggressiveness, being home  range owners much more aggressive than intruders. In the unbiased enclosures  inter-male encounters resulted mainly in non-interactive or amicable  interactions. We  found that inter-male  aggression varied in relation to female availability being more evident in home  range owners.      ","palabras_clave":"AGGRESIVE BEHAVIOUR|CALOMYS MUSCULINUS|SPACING BEHAVIOUR|NEOTROPICAL RODENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114130,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Induction of ischemic tolerance protects the retina from diabetic retinopathy","resumen":"Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of acquired blindness. Available treatments are not very effective. We investigated the effect of a weekly application of retinal ischemia pulses (ischemic conditioning) on retinal damage induced by experimental diabetes. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Retinal ischemia was induced by increasing intraocular pressure to 120 mmHg for 5 minutes; this maneuver started 3 days after streptozotocin injection and was weekly repeated in one eye, whereas the contralateral eye was submitted to a sham procedure. Diabetic retinopathy was evaluated in terms of i) retinal function (electroretinogram and oscillatory potentials), ii) integrity of blood-retinal barrier (by albumin\u2013Evans blue complex leakage and astrocyte glial fibrillary acidic protein IHC), iii) optical and electron microscopy histopathologic studies, and iv) vascular endothelial growth factor levels (using Western blot analysis and IHC). Brief ischemia pulses significantly preserved electroretinogram a- and b-wave and oscillatory potentials, avoided albumin\u2013Evans blue leakage, prevented the decrease in astrocyte glial fibrillary acidic protein levels, reduced the appearance of retinal edemas, and prevented the increase in vascular endothelial growth factor levels induced by experimental diabetes. When the application of ischemia pulses started 6 weeks after diabetes onset, retinal function was significantly preserved. These results indicate that induction of ischemic tolerance could constitute a fertile avenue for the development of new therapeutic strategies for diabetic retinopathy treatment.","palabras_clave":"Diabetic Retinopathy|Retina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114131,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The osteology of Chubutisaurus insignis del Corro, 1975 (Dinosauria, Neosauropoda) from the \u2018Middle\u2019 Cretaceous of central Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"Titanosauriform sauropods were one of the most widely distributed groups of dinosaurs during the Cretaceous. In contrast to most derived forms from the Upper Cretaceous, the most basal taxa of the group are poorly known. Thus, studies on these forms are of special interest for understanding the origin and early evolution of Titanosauria. Chubutisaurus insignis del Corro, 1975 is known from postcranial remains found in the Bayo Overo Member of the Cerro Barcino Formation (Chubut Group), which is commonly regarded as Aptian\u2013Cenomanian in age. Phylogenetic analyses that include Chubutisaurus recovered this taxon as the sister group to Titanosauria. Nevertheless, most published studies have not included this taxon, probably due to its brief description and fragmentary remains. Fieldwork conducted in the quarry where the holotype was found yielded new materials that are regarded as part of the same specimen. These new materials, together with additional undescribed, and briefly described elements, originally collected by G. del Corro, are described here. The new information allows the recognition of a more extensive diagnosis of this taxon. The phylogenetic analysis presented here resolves Chubutisaurus as the most basal somphospondylian.","palabras_clave":"TITANOSAURIFORMES|SOMPHOSPONDYLI|PATAGONIA|CAÑADÓN ASFALTO-SOMUNCURÁ BASIN|CHUBUT GROUP|CENOMANIAN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114132,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Female reproductive tract of the lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla, Myrmecophagidae, Xenarthra) Anatomy and Histology","resumen":"The morphological an histological features of the unusual reproductive tract of the female lesser anteater, Tamandua tetradacryla (Myrmecophagidae Xenarthra), are described for the first time. The present study aimed to establish the main similarities and differences between this species and other xenartrans. The population of this species are declining rapidly for a number of reasons and our study is relevant to diverse programs related to its conservation. Studies were carried out on five female genital tracts of adult specimens. Ovaries from ovoid, presenting a medulla completely surrounded by the cortex, differently from that described in other xenerthans. As it happens in the genus Dasypus and unlike the rest of the armadillos studied, single oocyte follicles were observed. The uterus is simple, like that of Myrmecophaga tridactyla and the armadillos of the genus Dasypus and unlike the rest of the armadillos studied, which have a bicornuate uterus. The uterovaginal canal connects the body of the uterus with the urogenital sinus. The simple columnar epithelium of the uterovaginal canal ends abruptly at a septum, which resembles a hymen, where the transitional epithelium of the urogenital sinus appears. This primitive structure is shared with that of other armadillos, with the exception of Tolypeutes matacus, which has a true vagina. Characteristics of the reproductive tract and sperm morphology of other Xenarthrare comparatively discussed. These observations suggest that important reproductive features are share between the family Myrmecophagidae and the genus Dasypus, a basal group in the phylogeny of Xenarthra. ","palabras_clave":"genital tract|lesser anteater|myrmecophagidae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114133,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Introducción de cultivos de cobertura en la rotación soja-maíz: efecto sobre algunas propiedades del suelo","resumen":"Los suelos franco limosos de la Pampa Ondulada bajo siembra directa (SD) con predominio de soja y, secundariamente maíz, registran una progresiva disminución de su fertilidad física y química. La introducción de cultivos de cobertura (CC) en sistemas agrícolas cada vez menos diversificados podría constituir una herramienta agronómica para mitigar esta degradación edáfica. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron: 1) evaluar el efecto de diferentes CC sobre algunas propiedades del suelo (porosidad, distribución de tamaño de poros, estabilidad estructural, densidad aparente, carbono orgánico del suelo (COS), carbono lábil) y 2) analizar la evolución de las propiedades edáficas durante la introducción de CC en la secuencia soja-maíz bajo SD. En 2005, se instaló un ensayo sobre un Argiudol típico (franco limoso) con diferentes especies de ciclo otoño-invernal, utilizadas como CC. Las especies fueron: cebada forrajera (Hordeum vulgare L.), ray grass (Lolium multiflorum L.), avena (Avena sativa L.), cebadilla (Brumus unioloides L.), vicia (Vicia sativa L.), colza (Brassica napus L.), nabo forrajero (Raphanus sativus L.), una consociación de vicia y avena y un testigo sin CC. Los cambios en las propiedades edáficas producidos durante la introducción de CC fueron: aumento de la macroporosidad y de su estabilidad y aumento del COS y de su fracción lábil. Estos cambios fueron de mediana a baja magnitud, se registraron principalmente próximos a la superficie (0-5 cm), estuvieron asociados a los momentos en los que se realizaron aportes importantes de C y fueron fáciles de revertir en asociación con períodos de lluvias intensas. El efecto acumulado de la rotación mostró mayor aporte de COS al sistema en presencia de CC. De los CC probados, se destacó el nabo forrajero como generador de porosidad y la avena como estabilizadora del sistema poroso.","palabras_clave":"CARBONO ORGÁNICO DEL SUELO|POROSIDAD|ESTABILIDAD ESTRUCTURAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114134,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Robotic wheelchair controlled through a vision-based interface","resumen":"In thiswork, a vision-based control interface for commanding a robotic wheelchair is presented. The interface estimates the orientation angles of the user\u2019s head and it translates these parameters in command of maneuvers for different devices. The performance of the proposed interface is evaluated both in static experiments as well as when it is applied in commanding the robotic wheelchair. The interface calculates the orientation angles and it translates the parameters asthe reference inputs to the robotic wheelchair. Control architecture based on the dynamic model of the wheelchair is implemented in order to achieve safety navigation. Experimental results of the interface performance and the wheelchair navigation are presented.","palabras_clave":"Assistive robots|Service robots|Computer vision|Mobile robots"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114135,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Memory impairment in rats by hippocampal administration of the serine protease subtilisin","resumen":"Since the serine protease subtilisin has been reported to generate a novel form of long-term depression(LTD) in rat hippocampal slices, the present work was designed to determine whether it has any effect onlearning and memory processes. Rats were used to examine the effects of subtilisin, injected directly intothe dorsal hippocampus, on task performance in a step-through inhibitory avoidance of a mild footshock.The administration of 100 ng of subtilisin into each hippocampus, immediately after training, was suf&#64257;-cient to induce a detectable learning de&#64257;cit with a footshock stimulus of 0.5 mA. Higher doses produceddose-related impairments in memory consolidation. These effects were not the result of irreversible tox-icity, since rats trained with a higher amplitude footshock (0.75 mA) were able to perform as controlanimals; therefore, the amnesic effect was not further evident. Furthermore, the administration of sub-tilisin before avoidance training did not produce any detectable effect on performance during the trainingor test sessions, indicating that neither acquisition nor consolidation was affected. It is concluded that thepost-training administration of a serine protease inhibitor is able to produce robust de&#64257;cits of memoryconsolidation consistent with its ability to generate LTD, raising the possibility that related moleculescould play physiological or pathological roles in the modulation of learning and memory.","palabras_clave":"AVOIDANCE|MEMORY|SUBTILISIN|PROTEASES|HIPPOCAMPUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114136,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Producción científica de la psicología vinculada a pequeños productores agropecuarios con énfasis en el ámbito del desarrollo rural","resumen":"              Con el objetivo de indagar los antecedentes científicos  de la psicología en el trabajo con pequeños productores agropecuarios se examinó  la base de datos PsycINFO (APA), identificándose 321 resúmenes que contenían  conocimiento psicológico en relación al grupo social de interés. Posteriormente,  estos trabajos fueron categorizados en torno a las variables (1) Área de la psicología, (2) Importancia dada a la categoría ?pequeño  productor agropecuario?, (3) Región  geográfica, (4) Metodología de  investigación utilizada y (5) Década en  la que fueron publicados. Finalmente, se analizó la distribución de cada una de  las variables y la asociación entre ellas.              Se concluye que las áreas de la psicología  que contienen mayor cantidad de trabajos son Desarrollo y prácticas productivas, Salud y Social, llamando  la atención la escasa presencia del área Educacional.  Asimismo, se destaca la primera área mencionada, ya que no constituye un ámbito  tradicional de aplicación de la psicología. Finalmente, se afirma la  importancia de desarrollar los conocimientos de la psicología en relación al  ámbito rural","palabras_clave":"Desarrollo Rural|Psicología|Antecedentes|Pequeños Productores"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114137,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Haemolymph plasma constituents of the invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata (Caenogastropoda, Architaenioglossa, Ampullariidae)","resumen":"            &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Font Definitions *\/   @font-face  \t{font-family:'Cambria Math';  \tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;  \tmso-font-charset:0;  \tmso-generic-font-family:roman;  \tmso-font-pitch:variable;  \tmso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;}   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-unhide:no;  \tmso-style-qformat:yes;  \tmso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman','serif';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES-TRAD;}  p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText  \t{mso-style-noshow:yes;  \tmso-style-link:'Texto independiente Car';  \tmargin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman','serif';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES-TRAD;}  p.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, li.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent, div.MsoBodyTextFirstIndent  \t{mso-style-unhide:no;  \tmso-style-parent:'Texto independiente';  \tmso-style-link:'Texto independiente primera sangría Car';  \tmargin-top:0cm;  \tmargin-right:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:6.0pt;  \tmargin-left:0cm;  \ttext-indent:10.5pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:'Times New Roman','serif';  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';  \tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES-TRAD;}  span.nbapihighlight  \t{mso-style-name:nbapihighlight;  \tmso-style-unhide:no;}  span.TextoindependienteCar  \t{mso-style-name:'Texto independiente Car';  \tmso-style-noshow:yes;  \tmso-style-unhide:no;  \tmso-style-locked:yes;  \tmso-style-link:'Texto independiente';  \tmso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;  \tmso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;  \tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES-TRAD;}  span.TextoindependienteprimerasangraCar  \t{mso-style-name:'Texto independiente primera sangría Car';  \tmso-style-unhide:no;  \tmso-style-locked:yes;  \tmso-style-parent:'Texto independiente Car';  \tmso-style-link:'Texto independiente primera sangría';  \tmso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;  \tmso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;  \tmso-ansi-language:EN-GB;  \tmso-fareast-language:ES-TRAD;}  .MsoChpDefault  \t{mso-style-type:export-only;  \tmso-default-props:yes;  \tfont-size:10.0pt;  \tmso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;  \tmso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;  Haemolymph plasma constituents were studied in Pomacea canaliculata. Osmolality, pH, electrolytes, two metals, monosaccharides, total proteins, free amino acids and other nitrogen compounds were measured. Glucose, but not galactose, was detected in plasma. Cations found (in decreasing order) were sodium, calcium, potassium and magnesium. Chloride was the main inorganic anion, followed by bicarbonate and phosphate. Total plasma copper (the metal constituent of haemocyanin) was in a much higher concentration than that of total iron. Ammonia was the main nitrogen-excretory compound. Uric acid showed a lower concentration in plasma, while urea was undetectable (&lt;0.08 mmol\/L). Seventeen proteinogenic amino acids wereinvestigated: two-digit mM concentrations were found for glutamine, alanine, valine, methionine, threonine and leucine, while one-digit mM concentrations were found for proline, phenylalanine, isoleucine, serine, glycine and glutamic acid; histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan, lysine and aspartic acid were undetectable (&lt;0.2 mmol\/L). This is the most comprehensive report on haemolymphplasma constituents in a gastropod species, and results are discussed in the context of what is known for other gastropods.","palabras_clave":"ELECTROLYTES|PLASMA OLSMOLALITY|METALS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114138,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Impacto de la gestión del Programa de Garantía de Calidad de Atención de la Salud","resumen":"Falta","palabras_clave":"Políticas de Salud|Calidad de atención"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114139,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mesoporous Hybrid and Nanocomposite Thin Films. A Sol-Gel Toolbox to Create Nanoconfined Systems with Localized Chemical Properties","resumen":"Mesoporous Thin Films (MTF) can be created by combining sol-gel synthesis, template selfassemblyand surface modification. A wide palette of inorganic (oxides, phosphates, carbonbased,etc.) and hybrid organic-inorganic networks with a variety of frameworks, pore sizes, and  organic or biological functions located in the inorganic framework or pore surface can beobtained. These MTF with interesting electrical and optical properties are indeed a\u201Cnanofacility\u201D. The properties of the functional pore systems are tuned by the pore size and  geometry, wall composition and surface features. Well-defined monodisperse sized pores alsoact as nanoreactors, or nanocavities with controlled environment and behaviour. We haveexplored the production of accessible oxide, phosphate or hybrid MTF, in which either the pore  surface or pore volume can be modified by organic functional groups or nanoparticles. Eachhighly controlled MTF originated from a reproducible and modular synthesis is in itself abuilding block for more complex structures, presenting order at larger scales, and novel  properties derived from size control at different length scales. Selected examples of optical andchemical behaviour of these multiscale materials will be presented.","palabras_clave":"Mesoporous films|Nanochemistry|Mesoporous hybrids|Thin films|Functional materials"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114140,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Affinity chromatography based on a combinatorial strategy for r-erythropoietin purification","resumen":"&nbsp; Small peptides containing fewer than ten amino acids are promising ligand candidates to build affinity chromatographic systems for industrial protein purification. The application of combinatorial peptide synthesis strategies greatly facilitates the discovery of suitable ligands for any given protein of interest. Here we sought to identify peptide ligands with affinity for recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO), which is used for the treatment of anemia. A combinatorial library containing the octapeptides X-X-X-Phe-X-X-Ala-Gly, where X=Ala, Asp, Glu, Phe, His, Leu, Asn, Pro, Ser or Thr, was synthesized on HMBA-ChemMatrix resin by the divide-couple-recombine method. For the library screening, rhEPO was coupled to either Texas Red or biotin. Fluorescent beads or beads showing a positive reaction with streptavidin-peroxidase were isolated. After cleavage, peptides were sequenced by MALDI-TOF MS. Fifty-seven beads showed a positive reaction. Peptides showing more consensus were synthesized and their affinity to rhEPO was assessed using a plasma resonance biosensor. Dissociation constant values in the range of 1-18 µM were obtained. Synthetic peptides were immobilized on Sepharose and the resultant chromatographic matrices showed affinity for rhEPO with dissociation constant values between 1.8 and 2.7 µM, hence peptide-Sepharose matrices proved to be suitable for the future development of a rhEPO purification method from cell crude cultures. The moderate dissociation constants of the peptide ligands allowed - at the same time - adsorption of rhEPO at low concentrations such as those usually found in cell culture supernatants and quantitative rhEPO elution under mild conditions. The low cost of the peptide ligands makes the industrial scale-up of the chromatographic process highly feasible. ","palabras_clave":"COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES|PEPTIDES|AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHIC MATRIX|ERITHROPOIETIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114141,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mean lift generation on cylinders induced with plasma actuators","resumen":"Abstract Bluff body &#64258;ow control based on plasma actuators requires suitable strategies to attain the desired objectives. The strategy selection becomes more critical in situations where the free airstream velocity is much higher than the maximum velocity that can be produced by the &#64258;ow control device. In this work, we report recent efforts to produce on a circular cylinder forces in direction transverse to the free &#64258;ow. Free stream velocities considered in this work are as high as 45 m\/s ((Re(O) 1 9 105), which result much higher values than the maximum velocities (about 5 m\/s) usually induced by the kind of plasma actuator here considered (dielectric barrier type).Our strategy consisted on promoting asymmetries on boundary layer separation with a four&nbsp; electrode arrangement. In our experiments, we measured drag and lift forces and explored the effect of exciting the &#64258;ow with steady and non-steady actuations. The device demonstrated authority to induce signi&#64257;cant transverse forces and optimal frequencies resulted in all cases close to the vortex shedding frequency","palabras_clave":"CYLINDER|PLASMA|LIFT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114142,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Relativistic graphene ratchet on semidisk Galton board","resumen":"Using extensive Monte Carlo simulations we study numerically and analytically a photogalvaniceffect, or ratchet, of directed electron transport induced by a microwave radiation on a semidisk Galtonboard of antidots in graphene. A comparison between usual two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) andelectrons in graphene shows that ratchet currents are comparable at very low temperatures. However, alarge mean free path in graphene should allow to have a strong ratchet transport at room temperatures.Also in graphene the ratchet transport emerges even for unpolarized radiation. These properties openpromising possibilities for room temperature graphene based sensitive photogalvanic detectors of microwaveand terahertz radiation.","palabras_clave":"gtaphene|ratchet|transport phenomena|photovoltaic effects"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114143,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fractal Weyl law for Linux Kernel Architecture","resumen":"We study the properties of spectrum and eigenstates of the Google matrix of a directed networkformed by the procedure calls in the Linux Kernel.Our results obtained for various versions of the Linux Kernelshow that the spectrum is characterized by the fractal Weyl lawestablished recently for systems of quantum chaotic scattering andthe Perron-Frobenius operators of dynamical maps.The fractal Weyl exponent is found to be$  u approx 0.65$ that corresponds to the fractal dimensionof the network $d approx 1.3$. An independent computation of the fractal dimension by the cluster growing method, generalized for directed networks, gives a close value $d approx 1.4$.The eigenmodes of the Google matrix of Linux Kernel are localized on certain principal nodes. We argue that the fractal Weyl law should be generic for directed networks with the fractal dimension $d&lt;2$.","palabras_clave":"fractal Weyl law|Kernel Linux|complex networks"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114144,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hospitalization costs for heart failure in people with type 2 diabetes: Cost-effectiveness of its prevention measured by a simulated preventive treatment","resumen":"Objectives: To estimate the cost-consequence of interventions to prevent hospitalizations for heart failure (HF) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).     Methods: In HF events (63) from T2DM hospitalizations (462) recorded in an Argentine hospital (March 2004-April 2005), we verified a) the presence of one metabolic HF predictor (HbA1c value) before hospitalization, and b) in a simulation model, the resources necessary for its prevention controlling such predictor during 6 months before and after the event. Sensitivity analysis of HF risk reduction, hospitalization cost and cost of different treatments to achieve HbA1c &#8804; 7% was performed with a Monte Carlo simulation (10,000 iterations).     Results: Heart failure represented 14% of hospitalizations, with a 44% re-hospitalization rate for the same cause. Since the total estimated cost for an HF hospitalization event was $437.31, the prevention attained using our simulated treatment was $2,326.51. The number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent an HF event under any of the proposed alternatives to reduce HbA1c would be 3.57 (95% CI: 2.00 \u2013 16.67). The additional cost of the simulated treatment versus the real one oscillates between $6,423.91 and $8,455.68.    Conclusion: HbA1c control to reduce the number of HF events would be economically beneficial for health care payers.","palabras_clave":"diabetes|análisis de costos|insuficiencia cardíaca|prevención"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114145,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Cost of Diabetes Care Programs for Type 2 Diabetes in Argentina: A Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis","resumen":"INTRODUCTION: Structured diabetes care programs in Argentina are scarce and do not inform about their cost using micro costing techniques.   AIM: To estimate the incremental costs of a health care program for type 2 diabetes without complications implemented at sub-national level in Argentina during 2005.  METHODS: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study and Latin American Diabetes Association guidelines were used to identify which resources should be part of a diabetes program to implement in two Argentinean provinces ? Córdoba and Misiones ? with high and low socioeconomic characteristics, respectively. A micro costing approach was used to estimate costs from the perspective of a public health payer, taking a province without diabetes program as a comparative scenario. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis following Monte Carlo simulation was used to determine the number of visits and practices, probability of insulin treatment, combination therapy for hypertension, annual number of test strips and unit cost of all resources used.   RESULTS: The main component of the annual incremental cost per patient in both provinces was self-monitoring blood glucose (~50%), followed by treatment of diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The lowest cost corresponded to human resources ( 90%).  DISCUSSION: This study provides original evidence for Argentina that could facilitate the development and further evaluation of diabetes programs and resource use optimization in the public health care subsector in other provinces\/countries with comparable socioeconomic and health care settings.","palabras_clave":"cost of care|type 2 diabetes|probabilistic sensitivity analysis|provincial diabetes program"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114146,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Climatic effects on the reproductive biology of Caiman latirostris (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae)","resumen":"Reproductive aspects, like number of nests produced per season or clutch size (number of eggs per nest), of broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) may be affected by a climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature. The success of caiman reproduction is not only affected by the amount of rainfall, but also by the time elapsed during which it takes place. In this study, we present evidence of a positive relationship between the number of nests produced and theamount of precipitation on the water heads (\u201CBajos Submeridionales\u201D) during March. Surprisingly, there was not a significant relationship when considering local rainfall and temperature. During one event of El Niño phenomena the number of caiman nests was the highest in eight years of monitoring, besides a remarkable low number of nests were produced during La Niña. There was not a significant relationship between clutch size and rainfall or temperature. This information is useful for the ranching programs, because managers will be able to estimate, nine months in advance, the number of nests for harvesting. Another positive aspect is that this information can be used to establish nests\u2019 searching strategies, and number of eggs to incubate and hatchlings to raise. Thus, this will help planning management strategies in support of conservation efforts for the species during extreme climatic events.","palabras_clave":"BROAD -SOUTED CAIMAN|CLUTCH SIZE|NEST| RAINFALL|TEMPERATURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114147,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First report of Israeli acute paralysis virus in asymptomatic  hives of Argentina","resumen":"Honey bee mortality has recently been associated with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), a proposed etiological agent for a new syndrome known as Colony Collapse Disorder. Bees infected with this virus show shivering wings, progress into paralysis, and fnally die outside the hive. During the last years, honey bee mortality became a serious problem for Argentinean beekeepers. We herein report the preliminary results of a survey carried out to detect IAPV in samples taken from several Argentine provinces, by using a reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction assay. Our data indicate the existence of high frequency of IAPV in asymptomatic hives of Argentina.","palabras_clave":"PARALYSIS|ACUTE|BEES|RT_PCR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114148,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genomic study of Argentinean Equid  herpesvirus 1 strains.","resumen":"Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection has a significant economic impact on equine production, causing abortion, respiratory disease, neonatal death and neurological disorders. The identification of specific EHV-1 genes related to virulence and pathogenicity has been the aim of several research groups. The purpose of the present study was to analyze different genomic regions of Argentinean EHV-1 strains and to determine their possible relationship with virulence or clinical signs. Twenty-five EHV-1 Argentinean isolates recovered from different clinical cases between 1979 and 2007 and two reference strains were amplified and sequenced. The sequence alignments were carried out using Clustal X version 1.92 and the putative amino acid sequences were deduced using Bio-Edit version 7.05. Minor changes were observed. No changes that could be involved in the different virulence in the mouse model of three EHV-1 Argentinean strains were found. No genetic variants were observed. The genomic regions analyzed are unsuitable for differentiation between abortigenic strains and those isolated from neonatal deaths.","palabras_clave":"Equid herpesvirus 1|genomic analysis|Virulence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114149,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dense plasma focus PACO as a hard X-ray emitter: a study on the radiation source","resumen":"The radiation in the X-ray range detected outside the vacuum chamber of the dense plasma focus (DPF) PACO, are produced on the anode zone. The zone of emission is studied in a shot-to-shot analysis, using pure deuterium as filling gas. We present a diagnostic method to determine the place and size of the hard X-ray source by image analysis of high density radiography plates.","palabras_clave":"PLASMA FOCUS|X-RAYS DIAGNOSTICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114150,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"THIOREDOXIN AND GLUTAREDOXIN SYSTEM PROTEINS - IMMUNOLOCALIZATION IN THE RAT CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM","resumen":"Background. The oxidoreductases of the thioredoxin family of proteins play a major role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Redox imbalance is a major feature of brain damage. For instance, neuronal damage and glial reaction induced by a hypoxic ischemic episode is highly related to glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Most animal models of hypoxia ischemia in the central nervous system use rats to study the mechanisms involved in neuronal cell death, however, no comprehensive study on the localization of the redox proteins in the rat CNS was available. Methods. The aim of this work was to study the distribution of the following proteins of the thioredoxin and glutathione\/glutaredoxin systems in the rat CNS by immunohistochemistry: Trx1, Trx2, TrxR1, TrxR2, Txnip, Grx1, Grx2, Grx3, Grx5, and gamma-GCS, peroxiredoxin 1, Prx2, Prx3, Prx4, Prx5, and Prx6. We have focused on areas most sensitive to a hypoxia ischemic insult: Cerebellum, striatum, hippocampus, spinal cord, substantia nigra, cortex and retina. Results and conclusions. Previous studies implied that these redox proteins may be distributed in most cell types and regions of the CNS. Here we have observed several remarkable differences in both abundance and regional distribution that point to a complex interplay and crosstalk between the proteins of this family. General significance. We think that these data might be helpful to reveal new insights into the role of thiol redox pathways in the pathogenesis of hypoxia ischemia insults and other disorders of the CNS.","palabras_clave":"GLUTAREDOXIN|GLUTATHIONE|PEROXIREDOXIN|THIOREDOXIN|CNS|BRAIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114151,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Long-lasting effects of perinatal asphyxia on exploration memory and incentive downshift","resumen":"Perinatal asphyxia remains as one of the most important causes of death and disability in children, without an effective treatment. Moreover, little is known about the long-lasting behavioral consequences of asphyxia at birth. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the motor, emotional and cognitive functions of adult asphyctic rats. Experimental subjects consisted of rats born vaginally (CTL), by cesarean section (C+), or by cesarean section following 19 min of asphyxia (PA). At three months of age, animals were examined in a behavioral test battery including elevated plus maze, open field, Morris water maze, and an incentive downshift procedure. Results indicated that groups did not differ in anxiety-related behaviors, although a large variability was observed in the asphyctic group and therefore, the results are not completely conclusive. In addition, PA and C+ rats showed a deficit in exploration of new environments, but to a much lesser extent in the latter group. Spatial reference and working memory impairments were also found in PA rats. Finally, when animals were downshifted from a 32 % to a 4 % sucrose solution, an attenuated suppression of consummatory behavior were observed in PA rats. These results confirmed and extended those reported previously about the behavioral alterations associated with acute asphyxia around birth.","palabras_clave":"PERINATAL ASPHYXIA|EXPLORATION|ANXIETY|REFERENCE MEMORY|SPATIAL WORKING MEMORY|INCENTIVE DOWNSHIFT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114152,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Paullinia cupana Mart. var. Sorbilis protects human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line against rotenone-induced cytotoxicity","resumen":"Paullinia cupana Mart. var. Sorbilis, commonly known as Guarana, is a Brazilian plant frequently cited for its antioxidant properties and different pharmacological activities on the central nervous system. The potential beneficial uses of Guarana in neurodegenerative disorders, such as in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), the pathogenesis of which is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, has not yet been assessed. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate if an extract of commercial powdered seeds of Guarana could protect human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line against rotenone-induced cytotoxicity. Two concentration of Guarana dimethylsulfoxide extract (0.312 and 0.625 mg\/mL) were added to SH-SY5Y cells treated with 300 nM rotenone for 48 h, and the cytoprotective effects were assessed by means of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and analyzing nuclear integrity with Hoechst33258 stain. Results showed that the addition of Guarana extract significantly increased the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells treated with rotenone, in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, LDH levels were significantly reduced by addition of 0.312 mg\/mL of Guarana, but unexpectedly, no changes were observed with the higher concentration. Moreover, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation were significantly reduced by addition of any of both concentrations of the extract. The results obtained in this work could provide relevant information about the mechanisms underlying the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD and precede in vivo experiments. Further studies are needed to investigate which active constituent is responsible for the cytoprotective effect produced by Paullinia cupana.","palabras_clave":"PARKINSON'S DISEASE|SH-SY5Y CELLS|GUARANÁ|ROTENONE|CYTOTOXICITY|NEUROPROTECTION|ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114153,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Organized media effect on the photochemical deoxygenation of resazurin in the presence of triethanolamine","resumen":"The photodeoxygenationofthesyntheticdyeresazurininthepresenceoftriethanolaminewasinves-tigated inwater,CTACandSDSdirectmicelles,AOTandBHDCreversemicelles,andsoybeanlecithinmicroemulsions (LEC).Inallcasestheonlyproductobservedwasthedeoxygenateddyeresorufin.Tripletand reactionquantumyieldsweredeterminedinallmedia.Thephotoreactionproceedsmoreefficientlyin themicroheterogenoussystemswithpositiveinterface,CTACandBHDC,whiletheloweryieldisobserved inAOT,SDSandLEC.Theinitialstepinthemechanismistheinteractionofthetripletstateofthe dyewiththeamine,andtheeffectoftheinterfaceisinterpretedbyadecreaseoftherecombinationrate oftheradicalsformedintheinitialelectrontransferstep.Negativeandzwitterionicinterfaceshaveno effectonthequantumyield.","palabras_clave":"Dyes|Photochemistry|Micelles|microemulsion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114154,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Balancing forces in the photoperiodic control of flowering","resumen":"In many plant species, the duration of the daily exposure to light (photoperiod) provides a seasonal cue that helps to adjust flowering time to the most favourable time of the year. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the core mechanism of acceleration of flowering by long days involves the stabilisation of the CONSTANS (CO) protein by light reaching the leaves, the direct induction of the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) by CO and the migration of FT to the apex to promote flowering. In rice (Oryza sativa), the promotion of flowering by short days depends on the interplay between light conditions, and the genes Grain number, plant height and heading date locus 7 (Ghd7) and Early heading date 1 (Ehd1). In both cases, other day length-induced changes reinforce the core photoperiodic pathway of promotion of flowering. However, there are regulators of flowering time, quantitatively less important than the core pathways but still significant, which impact in the opposite direction, i.e. favouring rice flowering under long days or Arabidopsis flowering under short days. We show, for instance, that short days enhance leaf expression of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (SPL3), which stimulates Arabidopsis flowering under these conditions. We propose that fine tuning of flowering time depends on the balance of a hierarchy of multiple points of action of photoperiod on the network controlling flowering. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and Owner Societies 2011.","palabras_clave":"flowering|photoperiod|daylength|SPL3"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114155,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Repression of shade-avoidance reactions by sunfleck induction of HY5 expression in Arabidopsis.","resumen":"The light environment provides signals that play a critical role in the control of stem growth in plants. The reduced irradiance and altered spectral composition of shade light promote stem growth compared with unfiltered sunlight. However, whereas most studies have used seedlings exposed to contrasting but constant light treatments, the natural light environment may exhibit strong fluctuations. As a result of gaps in the canopy, plants shaded by neighbours may experience sunflecks, i.e. brief periods of exposure to unfiltered sunlight. Here, we show that sunflecks are perceived by phytochromes A and B, and inhibit hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis thaliana mainly if they occur during the final portion of the photoperiod. By using forward and reverse genetic approaches we found that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5, LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL,PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE 4 and auxin signalling are key players in this response.","palabras_clave":"SHADE AVOIDANCE|HYPOCOTYL|HY5|PHYTOCHROME"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114156,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vegetation communities and their relationship with the pulse regime on islands of the Middle Paraná River, Argentina","resumen":"Vegetation associated to the Paraná River is subject to conditions imposed bythe pulse regime. This study aimed to evaluate the pulse regime influence on the vegetationof the Paraná River islands. Using multivariate techniques for classification and ordination,six communities were identified and described: willow forests of marginal levees, riverineforest of internal levees, floating meadows, floating rooted plants, a tall grass herbaceouscommunity and a marshy community. The forests were the most diverse and the richestcommunities while the floating meadows and the marshy community were less rich anddiverse. Our results indicate that duration and recurrence of floods are important variablesin determining the characteristics of the vegetation. However, forests with a similar floodrecurrence and duration showed important differences in physiognomy, structure and floristiccomposition. The differences between the forests could be explained by the connectivity&nbsp;degree, geomorphological dynamics and succession time","palabras_clave":"vegetation assemblages|diversity|hydrological dynamics|water energy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114157,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photophysical properties of the phenoxazin dyes resazurin and resorufin in soybean lecithin microemulsions","resumen":"Photophysical properties of resazurin and resorufin were investigated in a homogeneous solution ofbinary solvent mixtures (isooctane\/1-propanol) and in soybean lecithin microemulsions. Resorufin doesnot show any important changes in the position of either absorption or fluorescence bands when lecithinis added to the mixture isooctane-1-propanol; when microemulsions are formed by the addition ofwater, a new band appears in the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the dye with an isosbestic orisoemissive point. In contrast, resazurin presents a clear dependence in the absorption and emissionspectra with the concentration of lecithin in the isooctane-1-propanol mixture and with the watercontent. Triplet state properties were also investigated. The results are discussed in terms of the localizationof the dyes in the microheterogeneous systems.","palabras_clave":"DYES|PHOTOPHYSICS|MICROEMULSION|LECITHIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114158,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La construcción social de la ciudad. Una perspectiva integrada de giros históricos. El caso de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (RMBA)","resumen":"La  construcción social de la ciudad. Una perspectiva integrada de giros  históricos. El caso de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (RMBA).  El estudio se ocupa de las relaciones sociales históricas que fueron construyendo el espacio urbano en la RMBA en los periodos 1945-55 y 1991 - 2001.","palabras_clave":"construcción social de la ciudad|RMBA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114159,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Uncertainties in the measurement of the atmospheric velocity due to balloon-gondola pendulum-like motions","resumen":"Balloons lead to the highest vertical resolution of air velocity data actually attainable from atmospheric soundings. However, the pendulum-like motion of the balloon-gondola system may significantly affect these measurements if the distance between balloon and gondolais large. This may prevent the study of the highest vertical resolution range obtained. Also, if not appropriately discriminated, these fluctuations could be confused with small scale or turbulent oscillations of the atmosphere. It is shown from simple energy considerationsthat horizontal and vertical wind velocity perturbations introduced in the observations by the pendulum motion may usually be comparable to typical measurements. Vertical velocity data that were obtained with an instrumented gondola in a zero pressure balloon, which typically reach the lower stratosphere, are analyzed and found to be in agreement with the above statements. The pendulum-like behavior in this sounding seems to be stimulated by the buoyant oscillation of the atmosphere.","palabras_clave":"balloon motion|velocity measurement"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114160,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gravity wave momentum flux generation close to mid-latitude Andes in mesoscale simulations of late 20th and 21st centuries","resumen":"Adequate representations of diverse dynamical processes in general circulation models (GCM) are necessary to obtain reliable simulations of the present and the future. The parameterization of orographic gravity wave drag (GWD) is one of the critical components of GCM. It is therefore convenient to evaluate whether standard orographic GWD parameterizations are appropriate. One alternative is to study the generation of gravity waves (GW) with horizontal resolutions that are higher than those used in current GCM simulations. Here we assess the seasonal pattern of topographic GW momentum flux (GWMF) generation for the late 20th and 21st centuries in a downscaling using the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric model under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A1B emission conditions. We focus on one of the world\u2019s strongest extra-tropical GW zones, the Andes Mountains at mid-latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The presence of two GCM sub-grid scale structures locally contributing to GWMF (one positive and one negative) is found to the East of the mountains. For the late 21st century the strength of these structures during the GW high season increases around 23% with respect to the late 20th century, but the GWMF average over GCM grid cell scales remains negative and nearly constant around &#8722;0.015 Pa. This constitutes a steady significant contribution during GW high season, which is not related to the GWMF released by individual sporadic strong GW events. This characteristic agrees with the fact that no statistically significant variation in GWMF at source level has been observed in recent GCM simulations of atmospheric change induced by increases in greenhouse gases.","palabras_clave":"GRAVITY WAVES|MOMENTUM|NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114161,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A method to improve the determination of wave perturbations close to the tropopause by using a digital filter","resumen":"GPS radio occultation satellite data allowed to analyze in the last decade for the &#64257;rst time a large amount of atmospheric temperature pro&#64257;les including both the troposphere and the stratosphere all over the globe. Wave amplitude enhancements have been systematically observed  around tropopause levels, which are apparently due to artifacts generated by any digital &#64257;lter used to isolate the wave components from these data. We present a new &#64257;ltering method which can be equally applied to temperature or refractivity pro&#64257;les. It was tested with synthetic temperature data based on NCEP reanalyes and observed wave climatologies and it was also statistically validated with GPS radio occultation pro&#64257;les from the COSMIC mission. The suggested technique signi&#64257;cantly reduces arti&#64257;cial enhancements around the tropopause, mainly at low latitudes, where a sharp lapse rate change usually exists. This represents an improvement in comparison to previous applications of standard &#64257;lters. In addition it would allow the study of longer vertical wavelengths than previously done with other &#64257;ltering procedures.","palabras_clave":"TROPOPAUSE|WAVE PERTURBATIONS|DIGITAL FILTER|PROFILES FILTERING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114162,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Recursos  líticos,  aprovisionamiento,  y  aspectos  temporales de fuentes de abastecimiento en Amaicha del Valle, Tucumán, Argentina.","resumen":"Este trabajo aborda la problemática del aprovisionamiento de recursos líticos y aspectos cronológicos de las fuentes de abastecimiento a partir del espacio donde se encuentra emplazado el sitio arqueológico Planchada La Puntilla (Amaicha del Valle, Tucumán, Argentina). Se presentan los atributos generales de la base regional de recursos líticos, las materias primas utilizadas y sus fuentes de aprovisionamiento. Específicamente se discute la utilidad del concepto de fuente terciaria en relación al uso\/explotación de las fuentes de aprovisionamiento en el largo plazo.","palabras_clave":"Fuentes de aprovisionamiento |Recursos líticos|Amaicha del Valle"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114163,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mapping environmental susceptibility to Saint Louis encephalitis virus, based on a decision tree model of remotelysensed data","resumen":"In response to the first human outbreak (January - May 2005) of Saint Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus in Córdoba province, Argentina, we developed an environmental SLE virus risk map for the capital, i.e. Córdoba city. The aim was to provide a map capable of detecting macro-environmental factors associated with the spatial distribution of SLE cases, based on remotely sensed data and a geographical information system. Vegetation, soil brightness, humidity status, distances to water-bodies and areas covered by vegetation were assessed based on pre-outbreak images provided by the Landsat 5TM satellite. A strong inverse relationship between the number of humans infected by SLEV and distance to high-vigor vegetation was noted. A statistical non-hierarchic decision tree model was constructed, based on environmental variables representing the areas surrounding patient residences. From this point of view, 18% of the city could be classified as being at high risk for SLEV infection, while 34% carried a low risk, or none at all. Taking the whole 2005 epidemic into account, 80% of the cases came from areas classified by the model as medium-high or high risk. Almost 46% of the cases were registered in high-risk areas, while there were no cases (0%) in areas affirmed as risk free.","palabras_clave":"MODELOS|SATELITES|EPIDEMIOLOGIA|ARBOVIRUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114164,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Providing management options to control corn mouse (Calomys musculinus) reservoir populations using a cohort structured model","resumen":"We evaluate several management options for Calomys musculinus populations through the formulation andvalidation of a cohort structured model. Initially, a basic model was constructed and validated using field populationdata. Next, the model was altered to allow us to evaluate different management options. In general, basic modelresults were in agreement with field data, demonstrating that this model would be useful in describing aspects of cornmouse population dynamics. Restricting control measures to when mouse numbers reach high levels would beinadequate, because population numbers tend to increase in size after some years. In contrast, reducing vegetationcover in spring was more effective in reducing field population abundances. Despite some limitations, the modelcould be useful for evaluating the relationships between population dynamics and some biotic or physicalenvironmental variables, and thus ensure more efficient use of resources in integrated pest management.","palabras_clave":"Argentine hemorrhagic fever;|Calomys musculinus;|Integrated pest management;|Remote sensing;"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114165,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prevention of  Dengue outbreaks through Aedes aegypti oviposition activity forecasting method.","resumen":"In Argentina, dengue has affected the north of the country, mainly Salta province. The 2009 outbreak, with 5 deaths and more than 27,000 infected, was the most important, and the first to extend into the central area of the country. This paper includes: research on seasonal Ae. aegypti abundance variation in Orán City (Salta province); determination of the date of mosquito population increase and an estimation of the date of maximum rate of increase as well as the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r), to detect the optimal time to apply vector control measures. Between September 2005-March 2007, ovitraps were randomly distributed in the city to collect Ae. aegypti eggs. The variation observed in the number of collected eggs was described by fitting a third degree  polynomial by the least square method, allowing to determine the time when population increase began (week 1), after the temperate and dry season. Eggs were collected throughout the year, with the highest variation in abundance during the warm and rainy season, and the maximum value registered in February 2007. The rate of increase of the number of eggs laid per week peaked between weeks 9 and 10 after the beginning of the population increase (week 1). Week 1 depends on temperature, it occurs after getting over the thermal threshold and the needed accumulation of 160 degree-day is reached. Consequently week 1 changes depending on temperature. Peak abundance of eggs during 2005-2006 period, was recorded on week 15 (after week 1), and during 2006-2007 period, the peak was observed on week 22. Estimation of the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of Ae. aegypti is useful not only to determine optimal time to apply vector control measures with better cost-benefit, but to add an insecticide control strategy against the vector to diminish the possibility of resistance.","palabras_clave":"Aedes aegypti|DENGUE|INTRINSIC RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE|OVITRAPS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114166,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mechanistic insight of the photodynamic effect induced by tri- and tetra-cationic porphyrins on Candida albicans cells","resumen":"The photodynamic mechanism of action induced by 5-(4-trifluorophenyl)-10,15,20-tris(4-N,N,Ntrimethylammoniumphenyl) porphyrin (TFAP3+), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumphenyl) porphyrin (TMAP4+) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphyrin (TMPyP4+) was investigated on Candida albicans cells. These cationic porphyrins are effective photosensitizers, producing a ~5 log decrease of cell survival when the cultures are incubated with 5 mM photosensitizer and irradiated for 30 min with visible light. Studies under anoxic conditions indicated that oxygen is necessary for the mechanism of action of photodynamic inactivation of this yeast. Furthermore, photoinactivation of C. albicans cells was negligible in the presence of 100 mM azide ion, whereas the photocytotoxicity induced by these porphyrins increased in D2O. In contrast, the addition of 100 mM mannitol produced a negligible effect on the cellular phototoxicity. On the other hand, in vitro direct observation of singlet molecular oxygen, 1O2 phosphorescence at 1270 nm was analyzed using C. albicans in D2O. A shorter lifetime of 1O2 was found in yeast cellular suspensions. These cationic porphyrins bind strongly to C. albicans cells and the 1O2 generated inside the cells is rapidly quenched by the biomolecules of the cellular microenvironment. Therefore, the results indicate that these cationic porphyrins appear to act as photosensitizers mainly via the intermediacy of 1O2.","palabras_clave":"porphyrin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114167,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lowering the synthesis temperature of Ni2P\/SiO2 by palladium addition","resumen":"The addition of small amounts of palladium (0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% w\/w) to a NixPyOz\/SiO2 sample led to a decrease of ~200K in the synthesis temperature of Ni2P\/SiO2, allowing synthesis to proceed at 723K. In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) experiments demonstrated that the phosphate&#8594;phosphide transformation started at approximately 673K, and the total time to reduce the phosphate phase was decreased by the presence of palladium. Based on the in situ P K-edge XANES experiments and CO chemisorption uptakes, it was proposed that, depending on the amount of palladium incorporated, the final catalysts present different degrees of reduction, thereby impacting catalytic activity. An increase in activity was observed for the palladium-containing samples during time on stream, which might be associated with the formation of a phosphosulfide active species. The extent of the phosphosulfide species formation was dependent on the degree of reduction.","palabras_clave":"Nickel phosphide|Thiophene hydrodesulfurization|XANES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114168,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photophysics of safranine-O and phenosafranine in reverse micelles of BHDC","resumen":"The photophysics of safranine-O (3,7-diamino-2,8-dimethyl-5 phenyl phenazinium chloride, SF) and phenosafranine (3,7-diamino-5-phenyl phenazinium chloride, PSF) was investigated in reverse micelles (RMs) of the cationic surfactant benzyl hexadecyl dimethylammonium chloride (BHDC). The excited singlet state properties were measured by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. All the measurements indicate that both dyes are localized in the interface, sensing a medium of lower polarity than water. Stokes\u2019 shift increases and fluorescence quantum yield decreases with increasing the water content, but never reach the values or pure water. The triplet state properties of the dyes in RMs were investigated by laser flash photolysis. The maximum of the T\u2013T absorption spectra in RMs confirms that, in spite of their positive charge, the dyes remain at the interface co-micellizing with BHDC. The triplet lifetime is much longer in the RMs than in homogeneous organic solvents. The two dyes present a different dependence of their photophysical properties with the water content. The two methyl groups in the ring of SF produce a stronger preference of the dye for a hydrophobic environment, and consequently a deeper location in the interface closer to the organic phase. A remarkable difference is observed in the triplet quenching by aliphatic amines. While the quenching by hydrophobic tributylamine is much lower in BHDC\/benzene RMs than in a homogeneous solvent, the hydro soluble triethanolamine is near two orders of magnitude more effective in the RMs than in homogeneous solution. This is explained by the different local concentration of the amines in the interface.","palabras_clave":"Safranine|Phenosafranine|Reverse micelles|Photophysics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114169,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Safranine-T Triplet-State Quenching by Modified Silica Nanoparticles","resumen":"Modified silica nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained by esterification of the silanol groups of fumed silica nanoparticles with 4-hydroxymethyl-N,N-dimethylbenzenamine. These particles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy with energydispersive spectroscopy, and measurement of the specific surface area. Laser flash photolysis experiments at the excitation wavelength of 532 nm were performed with safranine-T and NP suspensions in acetonitrile. Comparative experiments of safranine-T with solutions of 4-hydroxymethyl-N,N-dimethylbenzenamine and two other related alcohols were performed. Evidence for the triplet safranine-TH-abstraction from the organic group of the particles is obtained. Theelectron transfer from the organic group to the triplet excited states of safranine-T also takes place, as shown by the absorption tracesobtained at 50 &#956;s after the laser shot.","palabras_clave":"silica|nanoparticles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114170,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Benznidazole treatment attenuates liver NF-kB activity and MAPK in a cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis","resumen":"Recent studieshaveshownthatBenznidazole(BZL),knownforitsantiparasiticactionon Trypanosomacruzi, modulatespro-inflammatorycytokinesandnitricoxide(NO)releaseinactivatedmacrophagesbyblocking NF-kB throughinhibitionofIKK in vitro. Assofar,littleisknownaboutthemechanismbywhichBZL provokestheinhibitionofinflammatoryresponseinsepsis in vivo, weaimedtodelineatethepos-sible roleofBZLasamodulatorinliverinflammationinmicewithsepsisinducedbycecalligationandpuncture (CLP).Specifically,weanalyzedleukocytes,liverproductionofTNF-alpha and NOand the intra-cellular pathwaysmodulatedbythesemediators,includingNF-kB andMAPKs,intheliverofmice24hpost-CLP. OurresultsshowthatBZLreducesleukocytesinperipheralbloodaccompaniedbyanincreasein peritonealmacrophages24hafterCLP.Intheliverofthesesepticmice,BZLdecreasedexpressionofmRNA andproteinforTNF-alpha and NOS-2byinhibitionofNF-kB andMAPK(p-38andERK).The body of evidence suggests that the immunomodulatoryeffectsofBZLcouldactselectively,asitisabletodecreasethe systemicinflammatoryreactionandthehepaticresponsebutitcanincreasethenumberofcellsinthe site of infection","palabras_clave":"Immunomodulation|Liver| NF-kB|Chagas disease Sepsis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114171,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Severe Hailstorms near Southern Andes in the Presence of Mountain Waves","resumen":"Experimental satellite and radar data and numerical simulations at constant pressure levels were analyzed to estimate the relative importance of mountainwaves during the development of 3 severe deep convection events with abundant hail precipitation in Mendoza, Argentina. The mesoscale numerical simulation model WRF 3.0 was used to determine the regional circulation previous to the deep convection. GPS radio occultation data were used to validate the simulations. It was found that updrafts generated by mountainwaves constitute a possible triggering mechanism during the storms initiation. A continuous wavelet transform analysis was applied to the vertical velocity. In all cases, large amplitude stationary waves were observed just before the initiation of convection, possibly triggering it. The horizontal direction of propagation and the corresponding horizontal and vertical wavelengths of both main modes were identified. Vertical velocity and convective inhibition index were found to be potential storm forecasting flags in this region.","palabras_clave":"Mountain waves|Andes range|Deep convection"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114172,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photophysics and reductive quenching reactivity of gadusol in solution","resumen":"The photostability and photophysics of gadusol in aqueous solution has been studied. The photodecomposition quantum yields (ca. 4 ?~ 10&#8722;2 and 1 ?~ 10&#8722;4 at acidic and neutral pH, respectively) confirm the high photostability of the metabolite, independently of the presence of oxygen, under physiological conditions. The nature of the electronic transition of gadusol has been assigned as ƒÎ ?¨ ƒÎ* on the basis of the solvatochromic shifts of the UV absorption spectrum and the time-dependent density functional theory calculation of the vertical transition energies. The results from the photoacoustic calorimetry point to the rapid non-radiative decay as the dominant relaxation pathway of the excited species at pH 7, which is consistent with the proposed UV-sunscreening role of the molecule in the early atmosphere. Laser flash photolysis experiments probed that the ground state of the enolate form (gadusolate) undergoes electron transfer reactions with some triplet sensitizers in water or methanol solution. A rate constant of 2 ?~ 108 M&#8722;1 s&#8722;1 has been determined for the quenching of rose bengal triplet state in water at pH 7. This reductive quenching reactivity may be considered as one of the underlying mechanisms that support the antioxidant capacity of gadusol in biological environments.","palabras_clave":"Photoprotection|Mycosporine-like amino acids|Antioxidants|UV absorption"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114173,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"APLICACIÓN DE HERRAMIENTAS ECOTOXICOLÓGICAS EN FITOREMEDIACION","resumen":"El objetivo del trabajo fue monitorear la reducción de la ecotoxicidad de un residuo sólidoproveniente de una curtiembre tratado por fitoremediación con la macrófita enraizada Vallisneriaspiralis,. El período de fitoremediación fue de 28 días. El monitoreo ecotoxicológico se realizó conuna amplia batería de organismos tanto acuáticos como terrestres. Se evaluó la fase sólida y la faselíquida, esta última mediante la preparación de elusiones. Las evaluaciones se realizaron a los 14,21 y 28 días de comenzado el proceso de fitoremediación. La toxicidad inicial del residuo indicóuna importante toxicidad por encima de 25 %. Las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis presentaron unareducción significativa del crecimiento a partir de los 21 días. El monitoreo de la ecotoxicidad delresiduo durante el proceso de fitoremediación utilizando una batería de organismos permitiócomprobar la reducción gradual de la carga tóxica del mismo. Al final del proceso defitoremediación se constató que las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis permitieron la recuperación delresiduo ya que tanto las fases sólidas como líquidas resultaron no tóxicas para la batería deorganismos utilizadas. Dentro de esta batería, los productores primarios resultaron ser losorganismos más sensibles en la detección de la toxicidad. Por otra parte, las elusiones ejercieronefectos adversos sobre células algas ya que aquellas expuestas a 100 % del mismo presentaronanormalidades morfológicas durante el período de fitoremediación de 28 días. Se destaca laimportancia del uso de una batería de organismos en la caracterización de la ecotoxicidad de losresiduos sólidos y en acciones de monitoreo de diferentes sistemas de restauración ya que losmodelos biológicos proveen una respuesta integrada a la acción de xenobióticos de naturalezaúnica.Vallisneriaspiralis,. El período de fitoremediación fue de 28 días. El monitoreo ecotoxicológico se realizó conuna amplia batería de organismos tanto acuáticos como terrestres. Se evaluó la fase sólida y la faselíquida, esta última mediante la preparación de elusiones. Las evaluaciones se realizaron a los 14,21 y 28 días de comenzado el proceso de fitoremediación. La toxicidad inicial del residuo indicóuna importante toxicidad por encima de 25 %. Las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis presentaron unareducción significativa del crecimiento a partir de los 21 días. El monitoreo de la ecotoxicidad delresiduo durante el proceso de fitoremediación utilizando una batería de organismos permitiócomprobar la reducción gradual de la carga tóxica del mismo. Al final del proceso defitoremediación se constató que las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis permitieron la recuperación delresiduo ya que tanto las fases sólidas como líquidas resultaron no tóxicas para la batería deorganismos utilizadas. Dentro de esta batería, los productores primarios resultaron ser losorganismos más sensibles en la detección de la toxicidad. Por otra parte, las elusiones ejercieronefectos adversos sobre células algas ya que aquellas expuestas a 100 % del mismo presentaronanormalidades morfológicas durante el período de fitoremediación de 28 días. Se destaca laimportancia del uso de una batería de organismos en la caracterización de la ecotoxicidad de losresiduos sólidos y en acciones de monitoreo de diferentes sistemas de restauración ya que losmodelos biológicos proveen una respuesta integrada a la acción de xenobióticos de naturalezaúnica.,. El período de fitoremediación fue de 28 días. El monitoreo ecotoxicológico se realizó conuna amplia batería de organismos tanto acuáticos como terrestres. Se evaluó la fase sólida y la faselíquida, esta última mediante la preparación de elusiones. Las evaluaciones se realizaron a los 14,21 y 28 días de comenzado el proceso de fitoremediación. La toxicidad inicial del residuo indicóuna importante toxicidad por encima de 25 %. Las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis presentaron unareducción significativa del crecimiento a partir de los 21 días. El monitoreo de la ecotoxicidad delresiduo durante el proceso de fitoremediación utilizando una batería de organismos permitiócomprobar la reducción gradual de la carga tóxica del mismo. Al final del proceso defitoremediación se constató que las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis permitieron la recuperación delresiduo ya que tanto las fases sólidas como líquidas resultaron no tóxicas para la batería deorganismos utilizadas. Dentro de esta batería, los productores primarios resultaron ser losorganismos más sensibles en la detección de la toxicidad. Por otra parte, las elusiones ejercieronefectos adversos sobre células algas ya que aquellas expuestas a 100 % del mismo presentaronanormalidades morfológicas durante el período de fitoremediación de 28 días. Se destaca laimportancia del uso de una batería de organismos en la caracterización de la ecotoxicidad de losresiduos sólidos y en acciones de monitoreo de diferentes sistemas de restauración ya que losmodelos biológicos proveen una respuesta integrada a la acción de xenobióticos de naturalezaúnica.Vallisneria spiralis presentaron unareducción significativa del crecimiento a partir de los 21 días. El monitoreo de la ecotoxicidad delresiduo durante el proceso de fitoremediación utilizando una batería de organismos permitiócomprobar la reducción gradual de la carga tóxica del mismo. Al final del proceso defitoremediación se constató que las plantas de Vallisneria spiralis permitieron la recuperación delresiduo ya que tanto las fases sólidas como líquidas resultaron no tóxicas para la batería deorganismos utilizadas. Dentro de esta batería, los productores primarios resultaron ser losorganismos más sensibles en la detección de la toxicidad. Por otra parte, las elusiones ejercieronefectos adversos sobre células algas ya que aquellas expuestas a 100 % del mismo presentaronanormalidades morfológicas durante el período de fitoremediación de 28 días. Se destaca laimportancia del uso de una batería de organismos en la caracterización de la ecotoxicidad de losresiduos sólidos y en acciones de monitoreo de diferentes sistemas de restauración ya que losmodelos biológicos proveen una respuesta integrada a la acción de xenobióticos de naturalezaúnica.Vallisneria spiralis permitieron la recuperación delresiduo ya que tanto las fases sólidas como líquidas resultaron no tóxicas para la batería deorganismos utilizadas. Dentro de esta batería, los productores primarios resultaron ser losorganismos más sensibles en la detección de la toxicidad. Por otra parte, las elusiones ejercieronefectos adversos sobre células algas ya que aquellas expuestas a 100 % del mismo presentaronanormalidades morfológicas durante el período de fitoremediación de 28 días. Se destaca laimportancia del uso de una batería de organismos en la caracterización de la ecotoxicidad de losresiduos sólidos y en acciones de monitoreo de diferentes sistemas de restauración ya que losmodelos biológicos proveen una respuesta integrada a la acción de xenobióticos de naturalezaúnica.","palabras_clave":"fitoremediacion|ecotoxicidad|algas|macrofitas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114174,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"PRODUCCIÓN DE CELOMOCITOS DE Eisenia fetida EN CULTIVOS DE","resumen":"Las lombrices de tierra son utilizadas como organismos de prueba en evaluaciones de lacontaminación ambiental. Se emplean en estudios de toxicidad aguda y crónica determinando comovariables de respuesta mortalidad, crecimiento y reproducción. Asimismo el grupo ofrece laposibilidad de realizar evaluaciones sobre biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo y genotoxicidad. En elúltimo caso se utilizan células aisladas por extrusión del líquido celomático denominadascelomocitos. Dentro de ellos existen tres grupos principales con funciones diferenciadas: eleocitos,amebocitos y granulocitos. Las proporciones relativas de estos tipos celulares en el organismo estánrelacionadas con el estado nutricional y fisiológico. El cultivo de estos animales en el laboratorio esrelativamente sencillo y constituye un medio para obtener células de un modo no-invasivo odestructivo. En este trabajo presentamos un conjunto de índices que nos permitan reconocer elestado trófico de los individuos antes de su utilización en estudios ecotoxicológicos.","palabras_clave":"ecotoxicidad|celomocitos|suelos|barros industriales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114175,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Marine vertebrate assemblages in the Southwest Atlantic during the Miocene","resumen":"Two biogeographical units are generally recognized in the present shelf area of Argentina: the Magellanian and  Argentinian Provinces. The two provinces differ in their fossil record. The evolution of these provinces has been  characterized by migrations, extinctions, pseudoextinctions and, perhaps, even speciation events. Marine vertebrate  assemblages with some similarities to the Argentinian fauna were already present in the Miocene, whereas  no associations similar to those of the Magellanian fauna have been found in South America before the Pleistocene.  Two successive major marine transgressions flooded northern Patagonia during the Miocene: the \u2018Patagoniense\u2019  (Early Miocene) and the \u2018Entrerriense\u2019 (Middle to Late Miocene). We analyse three rich fossil assemblages that  were formed during these transgressions. The absence of Magellanian Miocene vertebrate assemblages is consistent  with the hypothesis of a more southern distribution of the cold-temperate fauna at that time. In Patagonia,  as in other regions, an increased number of living groups appeared from the Lower to Upper Miocene. The Late  Miocene aquatic mammals had a modern aspect, and some of the fish species are still living in the South Atlantic  Ocean. In this contribution, we stress that warm-temperate fishes and a high diversity of penguins are found  together at the base of the Gaiman Formation. We hypothesize that penguins were adapted to live in warmer  waters than those of the latest Cenozoic and the Recent. Finally, we recall that many taxa became extirpated  because of the global temperature drops of the late Cenozoic. However, some fishes and pinnipeds which were  extirpated only in the Atlantic Ocean are discussed here.","palabras_clave":"BIOGEOGRAPHY|MAMMALIA|AVES|ELASMOBRANCHII"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114176,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The southernmost record of a Neuryurini Hoffstetter, 1958 (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae)","resumen":"In this contribution we document the southernmost and probably the oldest record of the tribe Neuryurini (Glyptodontidae). The southernmost record of this tribe outside of Patagonia is Neuryurus sp. from Lujanian sediments (Lujan Formation, late Pleistocene - early Holocene) at Quequen Grande River (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina). The first and only previous record of a specimen of the Neuryurini in Patagonia was reported from the upper levels of the Puerto Madryn Formation (Huayquerian SALMA, late Miocene), exposed in Peninsula Valdes (Chubut Province, Argentina). The new specimen described here and assigned to an indeterminate Neuryurini was recovered at Estancia La Peninsular (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina). This locality has been recognized in geological studies as part of the Santa Cruz Formation (Santacrucian SALMA, late early Miocene), but there have been no fossils described from this site until now. Therefore, the new specimen represents, with the two confirmed records of Glyptodon Owen and Panochthus Burmeister (both from the Quaternary), the only non-Propalaehoplophorinaeglyptodontids reported for Santa Cruz Province.","palabras_clave":"GLYPTODONTIDAE|NEURYURINI|MIOCENE|PATAGONIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114177,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Flow Cytometry Evaluation of Anti-FVIII Antibodies: Correlation with ELISA and Bethesda assay","resumen":"In this study, we describe a flow cytometry (FC) system for detecting antibodies to factor VIII (FVIII) and compare its results with those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects both inhibitory (I-Ab) and non-inhibitory (NI-Ab) antibodies and the Nijmegen modification of the Bethesda method, detecting I-Ab. FC was set up in our laboratory. Recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) was coupled to microspheres (FVIII-m) and reacted with different plasma dilutions. Microspheres without rFVIII were used as control (control-m). Captured anti-FVIII antibodies were detected using anti-human IgG. Plasma samples from the following patients with severe haemophilia A (SHA) patients were evaluated: 17 P (patients without I-Ab, <0.5 BU mL(-1)); 13 PI (patients with I-Ab, 1.1-8200 BU mL(-1)). Of these 13, two PI were referred during immune tolerance induction (ITI), and plasmas from 12 healthy donors (HD) were evaluated. Semiquantitative results were given as an index (the highest mean fluorescence intensity ratio between FVIII-m and control-m multiplied by the inverse of the corresponding plasma dilution). Both plasma and serum were suitable for the test. FC agreed with the Bethesda method (r = 0.8; P = 0.0001). FC and ELISA had 80% of coincidence. Four of 17 patients (23.5%) had NI-Ab by FC, and two of them developed high levels of I-Ab later on. This test provides a useful alternative for measuring FVIII antibodies supplementing Bethesda assay. FC is fast and easy to perform. No more than 200 &#956;L of plasma or serum is required especially making it useful for paediatric patients.","palabras_clave":"flow cytometry|FVIII antibodies|haemophilia A|microspheres"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114178,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Eratosthenes 2009\/2010: An Old Experiment in Modern Times","resumen":"We describe the projects \u201CEratosthenes 2009\u201D and \u201CEratosthenes 2010 America,\u201D carried out during the International Year of Astronomy (2009) in Argentina and with almost all the countries in North and South America during 2010. More than 15&#8201;000 students at more than 200 schools each year determined the radius of the Earth using the method that Eratosthenes employed more than 2000 years ago. The result obtained was 6290 km in 2009 and 6375 km in 2010, in good agreement with tabulated values of 6371 km [McCarthy and Petit, 2004, \u201CIERS Conventions (2003),\u201D IERS Technical Note No. 32, Frankfurt: Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie]. These projects involve history, mathematics, and astronomy to create an exciting activity with accurate scientific results.","palabras_clave":"HISTORY OF SCIENCE|PHYSICS EDUCATION|LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AND APARATUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114179,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Custom-made modification of a commercial confocal microscope to photolyze caged compounds using the conventional illumination module and its application to the observation of Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated calcium signals","resumen":" The flash photolysis of ``caged´´ compounds is a powerful  experimental technique for producing rapid changes in concentrations  of bioactive signaling molecules. These caged compounds are inactive  and become active when illuminated with UV light.  This paper  describes an inexpensive adaptation of an Olympus confocal  microscope that uses as source of UV light the mercury lamp that  comes with the microscope for conventional fluorescence microscopy.  The UV illumination from the lamp ($(350-400)~nm$) enters through an  optical fiber that is coupled to a non conventional port of the  microscope. The modification allows to perform the photolysis of  caged compounds over wide areas ($sim~200~mu m$) and obtain  confocal fluorescence images simultaneously. By controlling the UV  illumination exposure time and intensity it is possible to regulate  the amount of photolyzed compounds. In the paper we characterize the  properties of the system and show its capabilities with experiments done  in aqueous solution and in {it Xenopus Laevis} oocytes. The latter demonstrate its applicability for the study of InsP3-mediated  intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ signals. ","palabras_clave":"Confocal|Fotolisis|Calcio"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114180,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pseudomonas veronii  2E surface interactions with Zn(II) and Cd(II)","resumen":"Biosorption can be implemented as an immobilization technique for metal removal from wastewaters  using either living or non-living biomass. The aim of this work is to study the biosorption process for Zn(II) and  mixtures Zn(II)-Cd(II) by Pseudomonas veronii 2E, a microorganism with proven adsorptive capacity for Cd(II).  A 82% of total Zn(II) biosorption was achieved in 30 hrs at 32ºC and the isotherm results suited the Freundlich  model. Cd(II) and Zn(II) simultaneous biosoption showed that all the adsorption sites are available for Cd(II), but  only a fraction of them are for Zn(II). The electrophoretic mobility (µ) experiments that were performed with  either Zn(II) or Cd(II)-Zn(II) mixtures supported these results. In addition, electrical properties of bacterial surface  were studied by isoelectric point determination and µ variations examined at different growth states. Zn(II) and  Cd(II) biosorption capacity of Pseudomonas veronii 2E makes possible its application as an efficient biosorbent in  wastewater treatments.","palabras_clave":"Biosorcion|cadmio|zinc|Pseudomonas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114181,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Caveolinas cardíacas y modulación de la óxido nítrico sintasa durante el estado hipovolémico según avanza la edad.","resumen":"Introducción  El óxido nítrico (NO) es uno de los factores que se estimulan durante el estado hipovolémico.  Las caveolinas afectarían la producción de NO en el corazón según avanza la edad.  Objetivo  Investigar la interacción entre la caveolina-1 (cav-1) y la óxido nítrico sintetasa endotelial  (eNOS) en ventrículos de ratas jóvenes y adultas sometidas a hemorragia aguda.  Material y métodos  Se utilizaron ratas Sprague-Dawley machos jóvenes (2 meses de edad) y adultas (12 meses de  edad). Se conformaron dos grupos experimentales de cada grupo etario (jóvenes y adultas):  Control y Hemo (sangrado: 20% de la volemia). Los animales se sacrificaron para la extracción  del ventrículo izquierdo.  Resultados  Luego del sangrado, la actividad de la NOS aumentó el 21% y el 45% en ratas jóvenes y el  32% y el 56% en adultas. El Western blot reveló que los niveles de eNOS fueron menores  (31%) en ratas adultas. La hemorragia ocasionó un aumento del 147% de la eNOS a los 60  min en animales jóvenes y del 66% en adultos, atenuándose a los 120 min. La colocalización  mostró un patrón difuso de localización de la eNOS asociado con cav-1 en animales del grupo  Control jóvenes. En el grupo Hemo, a los 60 min se observó un patrón de disociación, el cual  fue parcialmente restablecido a los 120 min. En los animales adultos del grupo Control se  observó un patrón de localización de la eNOS y cav-1 con una disociación mayor que en las  ratas jóvenes. Esta característica se observó también luego de los 60 y los 120 min.","palabras_clave":"óxido nítrico |caveolinas |ventriculo izquierdo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114182,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hypovolemic state: age-related influence of water restriction on cardiac nitric oxide synthase in rats","resumen":"Abstract: Aim of study: We have assessed the influence of water restriction stress on the nitric oxide (NO) synthase in heart and aorta tissues in young 2-mo-old and middle-aged 12-mo-old rats. Methods:Animals were divided into: Control and deprived of water for 24 or 72 hours groups. We evaluated: Systolic blood pressure (SBP), biochemical parameters, nitrates and nitrites urinary excretion (UNOx), NADPH-diaphorase activity and protein levels of NOS in the right atria, left ventricle and thoracic aorta tissues. Results: Water restriction during 72 hours increased SBP (16%) in 2-mo-old rats but decreased it after 24 and 72 hours (9 and 15 %, respectively) in 12-mo-old rats. Atria, aorta endothelium and smooth muscle NOS activity increased (32, 63 and 88%, respectively) only after 72 hours of water restriction in 2-mo-old rats. It also increased not only after 72 hours but also after 24 hours in atria (27 and 18% respectively) and in ventricle (39 and 67%, respectively) in 12-mo-old rats. Meanwhile, in this group´s aorta smooth muscle the enzyme activity decreased (16% and 7%, respectively). A major difference seen between ages was the changes in UNOx excretion, which decreased in the younger in 24 and 72 hours (47 and 81 %, respectively) and increased in the middleaged rats (193 and 389 %, respectively).Water restriction did not change cardiovascular endothelial and neuronal NOS protein levels in any group. Conclusion: NO pathways could contribute to the development of age-related cardiovascular adaptation to volume depletion induced by water restriction.","palabras_clave":"Water restriction|Nitric oxide |Heart"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114183,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Ampliación del conocimiento sobre uso de hábitat en Liolaemus multimaculatus, sitios de fuga","resumen":"El conocimiento acerca de las preferencias espaciales representa una primera etapa para la comprensión de las interacciones entre los organismos y su ambiente. La lagartija de las dunas (Liolaemus multimaculatus) es una especie altamente adaptada a la vida en la arena. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar el uso del hábitat en diferentes situaciones\/momentos durante su período de actividad, con el fin de obtener un mayor entendimiento acerca de las preferencias espaciales en esta especie. Se aplicaron modelos basados en el criterio  de uso vs disponibilidad para evaluar las preferencias por sitios de fuga y para comparar estos con los sitios en donde los individuos se hallaban posados originalmente. Los modelos mostraron diferencias entre uso y disponibilidad y también se observaron diferencias entre sitios originarios y de fuga. La especie utilizó una gran diversidad de microhábitats, rechazando microhábitats con ausencia de vegetación. La conservación de hábitats óptimos para la especie deberá partir de un enfoque integral que incluya tanto microhábitats de termorregulación\/alimentación como microhábitats de fuga.","palabras_clave":"SELECCIÓN DE HÁBITAT|AUTOECOLOGÍA|LAGARTIJAS ARENÍCOLAS|PATRONES ESPACIALES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114184,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"IMPACT OF EDIBLE COATINGS AND MILD HEAT SHOCKS ON QUALITY OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEA L.) DURING REFRIGERATED STORAGE","resumen":"The effects of edible coatings and mild heat shocks on quality aspects of refrigerated broccoli were studied. Minimally processed broccoli was coated with either chitosan or carboxymethyl-cellulose with or without a previous application of a mild heat shock of 1.5 min at 50 &#9702;C. Product was packaged in multilayered polyolefin bags and stored at 5 &#9702;C for 18 d. Quality parameters such as weight loss, texture, colour, ascorbic acid content, total chlorophyll content, oxygen concentration inside the bags, browning potential, mesophilic aerobic counts, and sensory quality, were evaluated during storage. Edible coatings exhibited a beneficial impact on broccoli quality. The weight loss in uncoated broccoli was found to be between 2 and 5 times higher compared to coated samples. During storage, coated florets from both thermally and non-thermally treated samples, presented higher retention of the (&#8722;a*\/b*) ratio indicating better green colour retention and a reduced rate of floret yellowing. Chitosan coating always presented the lower ascorbic acid degradation rates (twofold lower compared with control samples). Broccoli texture for uncoated samples increased significantly during storage. However, for carboxymethyl-cellulose coated broccoli a slight increase in texture was observed while for chitosan coated broccoli no significant changes in texture were observed throughout the storage period. After the edible coating application the microbial broccoli load dropped by around 1.5 and 0.9 logarithmic units in chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose films, respectively. During storage, the application of chitosan coating significantly reduced total microbial counts in the thermally and non-thermally treated uncoated samples. Among the assayed edible coatings, chitosan effectively maintained quality attributes and extended shelf life of minimally processed broccoli. The single application of a mild heat shock had a measurable influence in reducing weight loss, enzymatic browning in broccoli stems, and in delaying yellowing of broccoli florets. Moreover, chitosan coating combined with a mild heat shock showed the best performance for long-term refrigerated storage of minimally processed broccoli.&#9702;C. Product was packaged in multilayered polyolefin bags and stored at 5 &#9702;C for 18 d. Quality parameters such as weight loss, texture, colour, ascorbic acid content, total chlorophyll content, oxygen concentration inside the bags, browning potential, mesophilic aerobic counts, and sensory quality, were evaluated during storage. Edible coatings exhibited a beneficial impact on broccoli quality. The weight loss in uncoated broccoli was found to be between 2 and 5 times higher compared to coated samples. During storage, coated florets from both thermally and non-thermally treated samples, presented higher retention of the (&#8722;a*\/b*) ratio indicating better green colour retention and a reduced rate of floret yellowing. Chitosan coating always presented the lower ascorbic acid degradation rates (twofold lower compared with control samples). Broccoli texture for uncoated samples increased significantly during storage. However, for carboxymethyl-cellulose coated broccoli a slight increase in texture was observed while for chitosan coated broccoli no significant changes in texture were observed throughout the storage period. After the edible coating application the microbial broccoli load dropped by around 1.5 and 0.9 logarithmic units in chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose films, respectively. During storage, the application of chitosan coating significantly reduced total microbial counts in the thermally and non-thermally treated uncoated samples. Among the assayed edible coatings, chitosan effectively maintained quality attributes and extended shelf life of minimally processed broccoli. The single application of a mild heat shock had a measurable influence in reducing weight loss, enzymatic browning in broccoli stems, and in delaying yellowing of broccoli florets. Moreover, chitosan coating combined with a mild heat shock showed the best performance for long-term refrigerated storage of minimally processed broccoli.","palabras_clave":"Edible coatings|heat treatment|quality|minimally processed broccoli"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114185,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS BASED ON SODIUM CASEINATE AND NANOCELLULOSE FIBERS","resumen":"forming solutions, casting and drying. Composite films were less transparent and had a more hydrophilic  surface than neat sodium caseinate ones. However, the global moisture uptake was almost not affected  by filler concentration. Addition of nanocellulose to the neat sodium caseinate films produced an initial  increase in the barrier properties to water vapor, and then, it decreases as filler content increased. This  was explained in terms of additional detrimental changes (cracks and bubble formation) induced in  the morphological structure of the film by the reinforcement.  The tensile modulus and strength of composite films increased significantly with increasing cellulose  concentrations, while the values of elongation decreased. In the same way it was found that the storage  modulus increases considerably with filler addition in the low temperature range (<60 C), though the  effect of temperature on the films performance is even more dramatic, as expected in protein-based  materials","palabras_clave":"Nanocellulose fibers|Sodium caseinate|Biopolymers|Proteins|Nanocomposites"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114186,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SODIUM CASEINATE FILMS REINFORCED WITH CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES","resumen":"Edible composite films, based on glycerol-plasticized sodium caseinate (SC) and either carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or cellulose acetate (CA) fibers, were respectively prepared by suspension casting. The effects of mixing SC with very low amounts (up to 3 wt%) of CMC or CA were systematically investigated through changes in morphology, surface hydrophilicity, moisture sorption, water vapor permeability, opacity, dynamic mechanical response and mechanical properties of the films. Incorporation of 3 wt% cellulose derivatives into the protein matrix led to slight but measurable decreases of equilibrium moisture contents, achieving reductions of 7.5 and 14.4% for CMC and CA reinforced films, respectively. Besides, the addition of CA contributed to the decrease of water vapor permeability, leading to a 38% falloff at 3 wt% filler. Contact angle measurements using a polar solvent ranged from 40º to 29-30º as filler concentration increased, indicating that reinforced films had higher superficial hydrophilicity than neat caseinate ones. Transparency decreased as filler concentration increased: the opacities of the most concentrated samples were 1.9 (CMC) and 2.3 times (CA) higher than that of the SC matrix. Moreover, tensile tests revealed that the addition of cellulose derivatives enhanced the tensile modulus (i.e. an 80% increase with 3 wt % CMC) and strength (i.e. a 70% increase with 3 wt% CA) although the elongation at break decreased. The differences found in the performance of both cellulose derivatives were explained in terms of water-solubility, hydrophobic character, rigidity of the fibers and quality of the filler dispersion in the protein matrix.","palabras_clave":"CELLULOSE ACETATE|CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE| SODIUM CASEINATE| REINFORCED PROTEIN FILMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114187,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Prosopis alpataco Phil (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae)","resumen":"Se revisa la biología de Prosopis alpataco, especie dominante en los suelos arcillosos de zonas áridas, a partir de trabajos clásicos e investigaciones recientes. Se aborda la filogenia de la especie, su distribución geográfica, las condiciones ambientales en las que se desarrolla, las especies que lo acompañan, la morfología, fenología y producción de frutos, interacciones biológicas, ecofisiología. Finalmente, se discute sobre los usos etnobotánicos y sus potenciales aprovechamientos","palabras_clave":"Prosopis alpataco"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114188,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nuevas Tecnologías: compromiso psíquico y producción simbólica","resumen":"Se presentan algunas hipótesis desarrolladas en la investigación \u201CNuevas tecnologías: compromiso psíquico y producción simbólica\u201D UBACyT PS 12 2006-2009  que tuvo como objetivo central aportar nuevos conocimientos sobre las transformaciones en los procesos de subjetivación y producción simbólica de los jóvenes en relación al uso de nuevas tecnologías.Las nuevas experiencias simbólicas crean un encuadre que permite la multiplicidad de legalidades, materiales y procedimientos simultáneos que generan modalidades de construcción de sentido inéditas con respecto a otros períodos históricos.Para analizar las interrelaciones entre la oferta simbólica de las nuevas tecnologías y los procesos simbólicos y subjetivos se abordaron las siguientes dimensiones: a) transformaciones en los intercambios intersubjetivos, b) modificaciones en las de actividad representativa c) cambios en las representaciones del tiempo y del espacio, d) cambios en las formas de producción lectora y escrita.La muestra se constituyó con jóvenes que asisten a escuelas públicas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y que están familiarizados con el uso de las nuevas tecnologías. El material abarcó diversas producciones en el uso de distintos recursos tecnológicos y entrevistas semi-dirigidas especialmente elaboradas para indagar el posicionamiento y las interpretaciones que los sujetos hacen de su experiencia.","palabras_clave":"NUEVAS TECNOLOGIAS|ADOLESCENTES|SUBJETIVIDAD|SIMBOLIZACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114189,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ENERGÍA Y GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO EN EL CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS EN LOS HOGARES: INCIDENCIA DE LA COCCIÓN","resumen":"Se estudió la energía usada y los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) emitidos en la cocción de alimentos en loshogares. En trabajos previos se realizaron inventarios de ciclo de vida teniendo en cuenta las etapas de producción ytransporte. En este trabajo se investiga la cocción de alimentos y las mermas asociadas a esta etapa. Se analizaron carnevacuna, pollo y pescado, y cereales, pastas y legumbres. Se encontró una diferencia notable entre los diversos tipos dealimentos: ganancias de peso entre 2 y 4 veces para los cereales y legumbres; y pérdidas entre 15% y 50% en carnes. Loscasos de carne vacuna y pan se estudiaron en detalle. La comparación de cuatro etapas del ciclo de vida muestra que laproducción tiene mucho más impacto en carnes, tanto en energía como en GEI. En pan, la cocción es más relevante enenergía utilizada, y la producción de grano tiene el mayor impacto en emisiones de GEI.","palabras_clave":"Energía en cocción|GEI|Eficiencia en alimentos|Transporte"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114190,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Some aspects of cylindrical solutions in Brans-Dicke gravity","resumen":"Several points regarding cylindrical Brans-Dicke geometries arestudied. The issue of particle trajectories for the vacuum cylindricalsolution is revisited. The possible particular nature of a globalstring metric is analysed. The general form of the junction conditionsfor matching cylindrical solutions within this theory is written down,and the relation with the general relativity limit is discussed.","palabras_clave":"cylindrical solutions|brans-dicke|trajectories"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114191,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Quality Assessment of Transient Response Analysis Method for Detecting Radiation-Induced Faults","resumen":"We evaluate the ability of transient response analysis method (TRAM), a simple test strategy proposed for filters, to detect deviations in circuit specifications beyond established limits. Particularly, we focus our attention on deviations produced by displacement damage in integrated resistors. This damage is produced by the impact of high-energy particles like the encountered in space environments. For this purpose, we formulate a simple deviation-fault model that takes into consideration the degradation addressed. Additionally, more transient response parameters are taken into account in order to improve the fault coverage. We adopt for our evaluations two typical second-order filters as cases of study. For these filters, the simulation results show that TRAM reaches excellent fault coverage for both filters, suggesting that its use in space applications is encouraging.","palabras_clave":"transient response analysis|analog test|analog fault model|statistical modeling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114192,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"N-terminal Prolactin-derived fragments, vasoinhibins, are proapoptoptic and antiproliferative in the anterior pituitary","resumen":"The anterior pituitary is under a constant cell turnover modulated by gonadal steroids. In the rat, an increase in the rate of apoptosis occurs at proestrus whereas a peak of proliferation takes place at estrus. At proestrus, concomitant with the maximum rate of apoptosis, a peak in circulating levels of prolactin is observed. Prolactin can be cleaved to different Ntermina fragments, vasoinhibins, which are proapoptotic and antiproliferative factors for endothelial cells. It was reported that a 16 kDa vasoinhibin is produced in the rat anterior pituitary by cathepsin D. In the present study we investigated the anterior pituitary production of N-terminal prolactin-derived fragments along the estrous cycle and the involvement of estrogens in this process. In addition, we studied the effects of a recombinant vasoinhibin, 16 kDa prolactin, on anterior pituitary apoptosis and proliferation. We observed by Western Blot that N-terminal prolactin-derived fragments production in the anterior pituitary was higher at proestrus with respect to diestrus and that the content and release of these prolactin forms from anterior pituitary cells in culture were increased by estradiol. A recombinant preparation of 16 kDa prolactin induced apoptosis (determined by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry) of cultured anterior pituitary cells and lactotropes from  ovariectomized rats only in the presence of estradiol, as previously reported for other proapoptotic factors in the anterior pituitary. In addition, 16 kDa prolactin decreased forskolin-induced proliferation (evaluated by BrdU incorporation) of rat total anterior pituitary cells and lactotropes in culture and decreased the proportion of cells in S-phase of the cell cycle (determined by flow cytometry). In conclusion, our study indicates that the anterior pituitary production of 16 kDa prolactin is variable along the estrous cycle and increased by estrogens. The antiproliferative and estradiol-dependent proapoptotic actions of this vasoinhibin may be involved in the control of anterior pituitary cell renewal.","palabras_clave":"ANTERIOR PITUITARY|VASOHINIBINS|16 KDA PRL|APOPTOSIS|ANTIPROLIFERATIVE|ESTROUS CYCLE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114193,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"BENEFICIOS AMBIENTALES DEL USO DE PAJA DE CEREAL PARA MUROS EN EDIFICIOS DE LA PATAGONIA ANDINA","resumen":"En este trabajo se estudia la energía necesaria y los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) emitidos en laproducción de fardos y bloques para envolventes fabricados con paja de cereal. Este es un recurso renovable y de producciónlocal. La fabricación de bloques es en serie, se amalgaman con arcilla, y se destinan a viviendas y otros edificios de laPatagonia Andina. El uso del bloque, en lugar de fardos, tiene por objetivo utilizar menor cantidad del recurso agrícola, cuyasustentabilidad está limitada al uso del rastrojo como cobertura. Para cubrir 100 m2 de pared con fardos se necesitan 2 ha, loque con bloques se reduce a 0,8 ha. Se hicieron inventarios de ciclo de vida para ambos materiales, y se comparan la energíaincluida y los GEI emitidos con valores para ladrillos y bloques de concreto. Estos dos últimos son los más usados en laconstrucción convencional de la zona. Se obtuvo que tanto los fardos como los bloques de paja y arcilla requieren menorenergía y menores emisiones de GEI que cualquiera de los otros materiales.","palabras_clave":"Materiales de construcción|Energía|GEI|Sustentabilidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114194,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of oxygen on the resonant photoacoustic signal from methane excited at the nu3 mode","resumen":"This paper shows that, when samples of methane in dry air are irradiated with an OPO tuned at the &#957; 3 mode at 3019 cm&#8722;1, the photoacoustic signal is lower than in mixtures in pure nitrogen. In order to explain this change, we developed a rate-equation-based model which describes the methane excitation and relaxation to heat by collisions with the buffer. In particular, we reduced the problem to a system of six energy levels taking into account the fast energy exchange between methane and oxygen resonant states and the slow relaxation rate of oxygen. Thus, the photoacoustic signal is calculated for methane\u2013nitrogen and methane\u2013air systems and a very good agreement is found with the experimental results.","palabras_clave":"METANO|OPO|FOTOACUSTICA|TRAZAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114195,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chlorodifluoroacetyl cyanide, ClF2CC(O)CN: Synthesis, structure and spectroscopic characterization","resumen":"The novel molecule difuorochloroacetyl cyanide, ClF2CC(O)CN, has been characterized by IR(gas phase,Armatrix), Raman (liquid), 19F and 13C NMR, and photoelectron (PES) spectroscopies; photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS); and gas electron di.raction (GED). The conformational properties of ClF2CC(O)CN have been studied by joint application of vibrational spectroscopy, GED, and quantum chemical calculations. The existence of two conformers is detected in the gas and liquid phases, in which the CCl bond adopts gauche and syn orientations with respect to the CdO group. The computed enthalpy di.erence is in harmony with the experimental results of the gauche being more stable than the syn conformer by ÄH = 1.3 kcal mol1 (MP2\/ccpVTZ). The valence electronic properties and the possible ionization and dissociation processes of the title compound are studied using the PES and PIMS. The experimental .rst vertical ionization energy of 12.0 eV corresponds to the ejection of an electron of the oxygen lone pairs. Taking into account the properties and broad applications of acyl cyanides, ClF2CC(O)CN is a promising new precursor in preparative chemistry.","palabras_clave":"SYNTHESIS|STRUCTURE|CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS|QUANTUM CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114196,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydrogen bonding interactions between alpha-, beta-glucose and methacrylic acid","resumen":"Intermolecular interactions between a-, b-glucose, and methacrylic acid (MAA) have been investigated. Twenty-two possible conformations have been optimized at the DFT(B3LYP) level of theory with the 6-31G(d) basis set. The geometrical parameters for the most stable configurations of hydrogen bonding sites in the optimized systems have been determined. The binding energies DEbind have been calculated at the MP2\/6-311++G(d,p) level of approximation taking into account the basis set superposition error (BSSE) and the zero-point vibrational energies corrections. Results indicate that the most stabilized complexes form hydrogen bonds either through carboxylic and hemiacetal oxygen atoms acting as proton acceptors. Both, a- andb-anomers are studied in the pyranose six-membered ring. In all complexes, the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (v) for 17O nuclei were obtained about 10.0 MHz, while for the2H atoms they vary from ca. 200.0 to 350.0 kHz. ","palabras_clave":"quantum chemical calculations|glucose|methacrylic acid|hydrogen bond"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114197,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Protein efficiency per unit energy and per unit greenhouse gas emissions: Potential contribution of diet choices to climate change mitigation","resumen":"The production, transport and processing of food products have significant environmental impacts, some  of them related to climate change. This study examined the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions  associated with the production and transport to a port in Sweden (wholesale point) of 84 common food  items of animal and vegetable origin. Energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for food items  produced in different countries and using various means of production were compared. The results  confirmed that animal-based foods are associated with higher energy use and GHG emissions than  plant-based foods, with the exception of vegetables produced in heated greenhouses. Analyses of the  nutritional value of the foods to assess the amount of protein delivered to the wholesale point per unit  energy used or GHG emitted (protein delivery efficiency) showed that the efficiency was much higher  for plant-based foods than for animal-based. Remarkably, the efficiency of delivering plant-based protein  increased as the amount of protein in the food increased, while the efficiency of delivering animal-based  protein decreased. These results have implications for policies encouraging diets with lower environmental  impacts for a growing world population.","palabras_clave":"Food production|Food transport|GHG emissions|Protein"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114198,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Convenient Synthesis of Carbamates, S-alkyl Thiocarbamates and N,N-Disubstituted Urea Derivatives of Methoxycarbonylsulfenyl Isocyanate","resumen":"Convenient simple and suitable methods for the synthesis of carbamates, N,N´-unsymmetrically disubstituted ureas, and S-alkyl thiocarbamates derived from CH3OC(O)SNCO in one-step are provided. Reactions are operationally simple and have high selectivity toward nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur nucleophiles. The absence of solvents coupled with high yields and short reaction times make these procedures very attractive for synthesis.","palabras_clave":"Disubstituted Urea Derivatives|Methoxycarbonylsulfenyl Isocyanate"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114199,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Urbanization of congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi: prospective polymerase chain reaction study in pregnancy","resumen":"Chagas disease ranks among the world´s most neglected tropical diseases and congenital transmission is increasingly responsible for urbanization of Chagas disease in non-endemic areas. Molecular assays for amplification and profiling of parasite minicircle DNA (kDNA) and identification of discrete typing units (DTUs) were prospectively conducted in bloodstream and placental samples from pregnant women cursing chronic Chagas disease residing in Buenos Aires city. Sensitivity of kDNA-PCR increased from 75.6% to 95.6% when one to three sequential blood samples were analysed. Congenital infection (CI) was diagnosed in 3 neonates born to kDNA-PCR positive mothers, one who had transmitted CI in a previous gestation, pointing to family clustering of congenital transmission. Fourteen of 44 placental samples were kDNA-PCR positive, all from non-CI transmitting women, indicating that placental PCR is not useful for CI diagnosis. Placental PCR positivity was not related to maternal bloodstream PCR positivity and placental parasitic subpopulations not observed in bloodstream were detected by minicircle signatures. PCR targeted to intergenic regions of spliced-leader genes and serological tests using trypomastigote small surface recombinant antigens showed predominance of DTU group TcII\/V\/VI and only one patient infected with TcI. To our knowledge, this is the first PCR-based follow-up study of bloodstream and placental T. cruzi infections during pregnancy, including identification of DTUs. kDNA-PCR assays in serial blood samples provided high sensitivity for detection of T. cruzi DNA in pregnant women with chronic Chagas disease.","palabras_clave":"CONGENITAL INFECTION|TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI|PCR|DISCRETE TYPING UNITS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114200,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vitro studies of cellular response to DNA damage induced by boron neutron capture therapy","resumen":"AbstractThe aim of these studies was to evaluate the mechanisms of cellular response to DNA damage induced by BNCT. Thyroid carcinoma cells were incubated with (10)BPA or (10)BOPP and irradiated with thermal neutrons. The surviving fraction, the cell cycle distribution and the expression of p53 and Ku70 were analyzed. Different cellular responses were observed for each irradiated group. The decrease of Ku70 in the neutrons +BOPP group could play a role in the increase of sensitization to radiation.Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","palabras_clave":"DNA|DAMAGE|CELL CYCLE|NHEJ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114201,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Studies for the application of boron neutron capture therapy to the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer","resumen":"The aim of these studies was to evaluate the possibility of treating differentiated thyroid cancer by BNCT. These carcinomas are well controlled with surgery followed by therapy with (131)I; however, some patients do not respond to this treatment. BPA uptake was analyzed both in vitro and in nude mice implanted with cell lines of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The boron intracellular concentration in the different cell lines and the biodistribution studies showed the selectivity of the BPA uptake by this kind of tumor.","palabras_clave":"BNCT|CANCER|THYROID|RADIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114202,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Thyroid: iodine beyond the thyronines","resumen":"Although thyroid gland function is mainly under the control of pituitary TSH, other factors may also play a role in this process. Iodine is not used only by the thyroid to synthesize thyroid hormones but also directly influences a number of parameters such as thyroid proliferation and function. Thyroid autoregulation has been related to intraglandular content of an unknown putative iodocompound. The thyroid is capable of producing different iodolipids such as 6-iododeltalactone (IL&#948;) and 2-iodohexadecanal (2-IHDA). Data from different laboratories have shown that these iodolipids can inhibit several thyroid parameters suggesting that these compounds may be the intermediates in the thyroid autoregulation process.","palabras_clave":"iodine|iodocompounds|iodohexadecanal|iodolactone"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114203,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Time Evolution of Single Event Burnout in Vertical Power MOSFETs and implications for mitigation strategies","resumen":"In this paper, we analyze the thermomechanical effects occurring in a power DMOS transistor after a single-event burnout process. This paper focuses on simulation to determine a safe time at which the device should be disconnected from the power supply to prevent damage. This strategy has been proposed as a means to avoid dangerous values in the temperature or mechanical stress that can produce a catastrophic failure or compromise the reliability of the DMOS. We solve the problem with the finite element method, modeling the DMOS with a detailed simulation structure. In this paper, we show that it is not possible to assume that the temperature and stresses relax after power supply disconnection. Consequently, it is necessary to simulate the power down of the device for analyzing the evolution of the fields after disconnection. The simulation results show the existence of mechanical stress overshoots after disconnection. We show that the upper limit for the disconnection time is considerably different from the reported one in previous research.","palabras_clave":"Radiation|semiconductors|single-event burnout (SEB)|thermoelasticity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114204,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Single event transients in OTA-C analogue structures: a case study","resumen":"This paper studies the effect of Analog Single-Event Transients (ASETs) in OTA-C struc­tures. By adopting an ASET model previously reported and fully compatible with SPICE de­scriptions, a simulation campaign is carried out in an OTA-C low-pass filter taken as a case study. The results of this campaign show that the structure of the circuit under study presents a high sensibility to ASETs. Consequently, the use of this circuit should be avoided in systems that op­erate in environments with heavy ions, unless techniques such as fault tolerance or radiation hardening were used. The study also identifies the most sensitive transistors that should be hard­ened in order to improve the behavior at the system level.","palabras_clave":"Analog single-event transients|Analog single-event transient simulation|OTA-C structures|Radiation effects"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114205,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Compression and equalization of arbitrary form pulses for optical fiber applications","resumen":"In this work we analyze the compression and equalization of pulses in the ps range by using an approach based on the Radon-Wigner transform (RWT). The whole RWT display is obtained from a generalization of the Fourier transform, namely the fractional Fourier transform (FRT), by varying the fractional order p from 0 (temporal information) to 1 (spectral information). From the inspection of the RWT the optimum fractional order pC originating the desired processing condition can be obtained. However, as this signal representation depends on a scale factor which should be introduced, the value of pC is also affected. This point is here analyzed taking into account the restrictions on the scale factor which are imposed by the photonic devices involved in an experimental implementation; namely, an amount of chromatic dispersion and an attainable phase modulation factor. We illustrate the method with some applications which are of interest in fiber optic links such as second and third order chromatic dispersion compensation and pulse transmission under a non linear regime. The theoretical model derived from an analytical expression of the FRT is corroborated with numerical simulations.","palabras_clave":"Equalization|Dispersion Compensation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114206,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri flagellum is required for mature biofilm and canker development","resumen":"Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) is the causative agent of citrus canker. This bacterium  develops a characteristic biofilm on both biotic and abiotic surfaces. To evaluate the participation  of the single flagellum of Xac in biofilm formation, mutants in the fliC (flagellin) and the flgE (hook)  genes were generated. Swimming motility, assessed on 0.25% agar plates, was markedly  reduced in fliC and flgE mutants. However, the fliC and flgE mutants exhibited a flagellar-  independent surface translocation on 0.5% agar plates. Mutation of either the rpfF or the rpfC  gene, which both encode proteins involved in cell\u2013cell signalling mediated by diffusible signal  factor (DSF), led to a reduction in both flagellar-dependent and flagellar-independent surface  translocation, indicating a regulatory role for DSF in both types of motility. Confocal laser scanning  microscopy of biofilms produced in static culture demonstrated that the flagellum is also involved  in the formation of mushroom-shaped structures and water channels, and in the dispersion of  biofilms. The presence of the flagellum was required for mature biofilm development on lemon leaf  surfaces. The absence of flagellin produced a slight reduction in Xac pathogenicity and this  reduction was more severe when the complete flagellum structure was absent.","palabras_clave":"FLAGELLUM|BIOFILM|XANTHOMONAS AXONOPODIS PV CITRI|CANCROSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114207,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reseña de Enrique Desmond Arias and Daniel M. Goldstein. Violent Democracies in Latin America","resumen":"Adjunto reseña&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Neoliberalismo|Democracia|Violencia |America Latina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114208,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ROS formation and antioxidant status in brain areas of rats exposed to sodium metavanadate","resumen":"In the present work, in vivo ROS formation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus and  the cerebellum of sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) treated rats were studied. Rats were i.p. injected with  3 mg\/kg bw\/day (V1 group) or with 7.2 mg\/kg bw\/day of NaVO3 (V2 group) for 5 consecutive days. Results  show that after only 5 days of NaVO3 exposure, reactive oxygen species formation and alteration of the  oxidative defence system were observed. Vanadium-induced \u2022OH production was detected in cerebellum at  the high dose. This result was con&#64257;rmed by in situ ROS histochemical staining. Neither Cat nor Cu\u2013Zn SOD  activities showed changes while GSH\/GSSG ratio, in both brain areas, was signi&#64257;cantly decreased in NaVO3-  treated groups. The present work indicates that the NaVO3 dose and the particular brain area constitution  would be critical in the cellular and molecular oxidative mechanism of this element.","palabras_clave":"Vanadium|Oxidative stress|Neurotoxicity|Antioxidant status"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114209,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) expression is up-regulated by hCG\/cAMP and modulates steroidogenesis in MA-10 Leydig cells","resumen":"MAP kinases (MAPKs), such as ERK1\/2, exert profound effects on a variety of physiological processes. In steroidogenic cells, ERK1\/2 are involved in the expression and activation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, which plays a central role in the regulation of steroidogenesis. In MA-10 Leydig cells, LH and chorionic gonadotropin (CG) trigger transient ERK1\/2 activation via protein kinase A, although the events that lead to ERK1\/2 inactivation are not fully described. Here, we describe the hormonal regulation of MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), an enzyme that inactivates MAPKs, in MA-10 cells. In our experiments, human CG (hCG)\/cAMP stimulation rapidly and transiently increased MKP-1 mRNA levels by a transcriptional action. This effect was accompanied by an increase in protein levels in both nuclear and mitochondrial compartments. In cells transiently expressing flag-MKP-1 protein, hCG\/cAMP promoted the accumulation of the recombinant protein in a time-dependent manner (10-fold at 1 h). Moreover, hCG\/cAMP triggered ERK1\/2-dependent MKP-1 phosphorylation. The blockade of cAMP-induced MAPK kinase\/ERK activation abated MKP-1 phosphorylation but only partially reduced flag-MKP-1 protein accumulation. Together, these results suggest that hCG regulates MKP-1 at transcriptional and posttranslational level, protein phosphorylation being one of the mechanisms involved in this regulation. Our study also demonstrates that MKP-1 overexpression reduces the effects of cAMP on ERK1\/2 phosphorylation, steroidogenic acute regulatory gene promoter activity, mRNA levels, and steroidogenesis, whereas MKP-1 down-regulation by small interfering RNA produces opposite effects. In summary, our data demonstrate that hCG regulates MKP-1 expression at multiple stages as a negative feedback regulatory mechanism to modulate the hormonal action on ERK1\/2 activity and steroidogenesis.","palabras_clave":"MKP-1|LEYDIG CELLS|STEROIDOGENESIS|cAMP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114210,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gibberellins and abscisic acid promote carbon allocation in roots and berries of grapevines","resumen":"Carbon allocation within grapevines may affect berry growth and development. The plant hormones gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA) control various processes across the plant life and both have been involved in assimilate production and transport in different species. Hence, this work examined the distribution of sugars (sucrose, fructose, and glucose) and starch in grapevines at veraison after foliar applications of GA3, ABA, and an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, paclobutrazol (PBZ). The results demonstrated that GA3 increased total grapevine mass, with carbon allocated to the whole grapevine (as structural and soluble carbohydrates). Both GA3 and ABA increased monosaccharide (glucose and fructose) levels in berries (up to tenfold) and roots (up to threefold). However, GA3 increased the net carbon fixation whereas ABA did not. PBZ diminished most growth parameters except grapevine mass, and allocated more carbohydrates to roots (up to threefold more sucrose and starch). Such results indicate that GAs promote net carbon fixation and transport, whereas ABA as a stress signal only enhances sugar transport; notwithstanding the two hormones promoted carbon allocation toward roots and berries.","palabras_clave":"abscisic acid|gibberellic acid|Vitis vinifera|sugars|starch"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114211,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Remote sensing of stratospheric O3 and NO2 using a portable and compact DOAS spectrometer","resumen":"The use of passive and active remote sensing systems has largely contributed to advance our understanding of important atmospheric phenomena. Here we present a compact and portable passive DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) system, developed for measuring the vertical column density (VCD) of multiple atmospheric trace gases. We highlight the main characteristics of the system components: a mini-spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean Optics), two optical fibers (400 ¦Ìm of core, 6 m and 25 cm of longitude), an external shutter and the control\/data processing software. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) VCDs are derived from solar spectra acquired during twilights (87¡ã ¨C 91¡ã zenithal angles) using the DOAS technique. The analysis is carried out by solving the Beer-Lambert-Bouger (BLB) law for the main atmospheric absorbers at selected wavelength ranges. The algorithm minimizes the fitting residuals to the BLB law, having as unknown the slant column density (SCD) of the species to determine. We present measurements carried out at the Marambio Antarctic Base (64¡ã 14´ 25´´ S; 56¡ã 37´ 21´´ W, 197 m asl) during January ¨C February 2008. In addition, we compare our results with co-located measurements performed with EVA, a visible absorption spectrometer of Instituto Nacional de T¨¦cnica Aeroespacial (INTA, Spain), a Dobson spectrophotometer of Servicio Meteorol¨®gico Nacional (SMN, Argentine) and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), on board AURA satellite.","palabras_clave":"REMOTE-SENSING|ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTION|STRATOSPHERIC-COMPOSITION|AIR-QUALITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114212,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Leds used as spectral selective light detectors in remote sensing techniques","resumen":"Abstract. Remote sensing has been commonly considered as an effective technique indeveloping precision agriculture tools. Ground based and satellite spectral sensors have wideuses to retrieve remotely quantitative biophysical and biochemical characteristics of vegetationcanopies as well as vegetation ground cover. Usually in-field remote sensing technologies useeither a combination of interferential filters and photodiodes or different compactspectrometers to separate the spectral regions of interest.In this paper we present a new development of a sensor with LEDs used as spectrally selectivephotodetectors. Its performance was compared with a photodiode-filter sensor used inagronomic applications. Subsequent measurements of weed cover degree were performed andcompared with other methodologies. Results show that the new LEDs based sensor has similarfeatures that conventional ones to determining the weed soil cover degree; while LEDs basedsensor has comparative advantages related its very low manufacturing cost and its robustnesscompatible with agricultural field applications.","palabras_clave":"REMOTE-SENSING|SPECTRAL-SENSORS|LED´S|PRECISION AGRICULTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114213,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Remote sensing of stratospheric NO2 over the Argentinean Antarctica using a DOAS mini&#8208;spectrometer","resumen":"NO2 total vertical concentration measurements over the Marambio Argentinean Antarctica station(64¡ã14¡¯ S; 56¡ã37¡¯ W, 197 m asl) are reported. The NO2 vertical column density (VCD) was derivedby Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis of twilight solar spectra acquiredwith a commercial mini©\\spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean Optics) during January©\\February 2008. Colocatedmeasurements obtained with the EVA instrument developed by Instituto Nacional deT¨¦nica Aeroespacial (INTA) from Spain, are compared with our retrievals. A comparative studyamong these ground©\\based measurements and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI, AURAsatellite) retrievals is also presented.2 total vertical concentration measurements over the Marambio Argentinean Antarctica station(64¡ã14¡¯ S; 56¡ã37¡¯ W, 197 m asl) are reported. The NO2 vertical column density (VCD) was derivedby Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis of twilight solar spectra acquiredwith a commercial mini©\\spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean Optics) during January©\\February 2008. Colocatedmeasurements obtained with the EVA instrument developed by Instituto Nacional deT¨¦nica Aeroespacial (INTA) from Spain, are compared with our retrievals. A comparative studyamong these ground©\\based measurements and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI, AURAsatellite) retrievals is also presented.2 vertical column density (VCD) was derivedby Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis of twilight solar spectra acquiredwith a commercial mini©\\spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean Optics) during January©\\February 2008. Colocatedmeasurements obtained with the EVA instrument developed by Instituto Nacional deT¨¦nica Aeroespacial (INTA) from Spain, are compared with our retrievals. A comparative studyamong these ground©\\based measurements and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI, AURAsatellite) retrievals is also presented.","palabras_clave":"Mini-Spectrometer|DOAS|NO2 Vertical Column|Antarctica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114214,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A comparative  study of a novel lipophilic phthalocyanine incorporated into nanoemulsion formulations: photophysics, size, solubility and thermodynamic stability","resumen":"Lipophilic  tetrakis-(1-adamantylsulfanyl)phthalocyaninatozinc(II) was incorporated into  two different nanoemulsion formulations with the former emulsion containing  isopropyl myristate and Tween 80® and the latter glycerol  monocaprylocaprate and Tween 80®. A two- to three-fold increase in  water solubility was observed for the zinc phthalocyanine when incorporated  into the nanoemulsions in comparison with that observed for water-DMSO (98:2).  Morphological evaluation confirmed the formation of thermodynamically stable  nanoemulsions in the nanosize range. The zinc phthalocyanine incorporated into  the nanoemulsions was photo-stable over the irradiation times studied and both  formulations displayed excellent singlet oxygen generation ability with high  values of quantum yield of singlet oxygen production of up to 0.58. In  addition, the viscosity of the nanoemulsions ranged from 30.2 - 323.9 cP. The  foregoing formulations are considered to be strong candidates for parenteral  administration of the zinc phthalocyanine in photodynamic therapy clinical  trials.","palabras_clave":"ZINC(II) PHTHALOCYANINE|PHOTOPHYSICS|NANOPARTICLES|FORMULATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114215,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Inundaciones en el Bajo Paraná ¿Se puede articular la gestión social a partir del comportamiento hidrológico previo?","resumen":"Los ríos con tramos de llanura tienen dos subsistemas bióticosde distinta distribución y dinámica temporal: a) las poblacionesnaturales (vegetación y fauna) cuya distribución ypermanencia responde al régimen de pulsos (sequías e inundaciones)en cada posición geográfica y topográfica; b) los asentamientoshumanos, que colonizan y se consolidan en períodosde sequía son fuertemente condicionados por las inundacionesextremas. En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de los nivelesen que están asentados varios conglomerados humanos en sitiosinundables\/anegables, los niveles de riesgo (niveles de alerta yde evacuación) y la posibilidad de un ordenamiento de estosasentamientos, utilizando el análisis de recurrencia, duracióne intensidad de las inundaciones ocurridas en el último siglo.Para ello se analizó la fluctuación diaria del río Paraná en elperíodo 1970-2008 en la provincia de Corrientes (Argentina), enun tramo de 354km. El análisis indica que la respuesta sociotecnológicaa estas inundaciones depende principalmente de lafrecuencia, intensidad y duración con que ocurren. Se concluyeque la planificación, mantenimiento de estructuras y servicios(rutas, puentes, áreas de servicio), así como los márgenes de seguridaden el diseño debieran realizarse considerando los nivelescríticos históricos de inundación, para evitar el colapso delos servicios, a la vez que mantener un programa permanentede concientización y de participación social.","palabras_clave":"INUNDACIONES|RÍO PARANÁ|RÉGIMEN DE PULSOS|CIUDADES INUNDABLES|RIESGOS Y CATÁSTROFES|EL NIÑO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114216,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mineralogy of a highly fractionated replacement unit from ?Angel? pegmatite, Comechingones pegmatitic field, Córdoba, Argentina. Argentina","resumen":"The Comechingones Pegmatitic field (CPF), southeastern Pampean Pegmatitic Province (Galliski 1994a and b; Hub 1994 and 1995; Galliski 1999), locates in the northwestern Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba province, Argentina. It is composed of a great number of Be?Nb?Ta?P?U-rich pegmatites of the rare-element class (some of them grading to the muscovite class), beryl?columbite?phosphate subtype (Galliski 1994a). These pegmatites were emplaced synkinematically during the compressive deformation of the crustal scale Guacha Corral shear zone (Demartis 2010). The pegmatites are generally well zoned. Border and wall zones are composed of fi ne- to mediumgrained quartz + muscovite ± microcline ± albite. Coarse- to very coarse-grained intermediate zones are composed of graphic microcline + quartz + muscovite ± albite ± garnet; phosphates and uranium minerals occur in these zones. Core is composed of milky quartz with subordinated microcline and muscovite, with accessory crystals of beryl and minerals of the columbite series. Replacement units are rare and have been found only in a few cases, as in the ?Ángel? pegmatite, and they generally affect graphic microcline + quartz intermediate zones. ?Ángel? pegmatite, cropping out in the southern part of the CPF (~ 32º 18? S and 64º 54? W), is particularly known because of its varied primary and secondary uranium mineralogy (Angelelli 1950). The aim of this contribution is to describe the extremely fractionated minerals from the replacement units.","palabras_clave":"LCT pegmatite|replacement unit"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114217,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of the role of the two flagella of Bradyrhizobium japonicum in competition for nodulation of soybean","resumen":"Bradyrhizobium japonicum has two types of  flagella. One has thin filaments consisting of the 33-kDa flagellins FliCI and  FliCII (FliCI-II) and the other has thick filaments consisting of the 65-kDa  flagellins FliC1, FliC2, FliC3, and FliC4 (FliC1-4). To investigate the roles  of each flagellum in competition for nodulation, we obtained mutants deleted in  fliCI-II and\/or fliC1-4 in  the genomic backgrounds of two derivatives from the reference strain USDA 110:  the streptomycin-resistant derivative LP 3004 and its more motile derivative LP  3008. All mutations diminished swimming motility. When each mutant was  co-inoculated with the parental strain on soybean plants cultivated in  vermiculite either at field capacity or flooded, their competitiveness differed  according to the flagellin altered. DfliCI-II mutants were more competitive,  occupying 64-80% of the nodules, while DfliC1-4 mutants occupied 45-49% of the  nodules. Occupation by the nonmotile double mutant decreased from 55% to 11% as  the water content of the vermiculite increased from 85% to 95% field capacity  to flooding. These results indicate that the influence of motility on competitiveness  depended on the water status of the rooting substrate.","palabras_clave":"FLAGELLIN|SOIL|WATER CONTENT|SWIMMING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114218,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evolutionary Expert-Supervised Despeckled SRAD Filter Design for Enhancing SAR Images","resumen":"We present an interactive easy-to-use software package, based on an   evolutionary algorithm, to perform adaptive anisotropic diffusion   speckle filtering for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. As a main   difference from other methodologies, there is an integration of a   SAR-image human expert who provides a subjective validation to complete   the diffusion filter design. We have applied an interactive methodology   to a set of SAR images, and we compared the results with those obtained   by other speckle reduction filters. The results, through the evaluation   of objective global and local quality criteria, show the potential of   the proposal.","palabras_clave":"evolutionary algorithm| adaptive anisotropic diffusion|speckle filtering|SAR images"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114219,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Formation of paired pelitic and gabbroic migmatites: An empirical investigation of 2 the consistency of geothermometers, geobarometers, and pseudosections","resumen":"This study tests the overall consistency of geothermobarometric calibrations and thermodynamic internally consistent databases commonly used to retrieve temperature and pressure conditions in metapelitic and igneous mafic protolith metamorphosed at granulite-facies conditions. We examine a lithological sequence characterized by interbedded mafic and metapelitic protoliths that underwent partial melting at the same time during peak T conditions. Textural equilibrium and the lack of complex chemical zoning in rock-forming minerals from the two contrasting protoliths permit the application of commonly utilized ion-exchange and net transfer thermobarometers. By combining garnet\u2013biotite and garnet\u2013cordierite thermometers with the well-known nettransferbarometers, and using thermodynamic properties from both Berman´s and Holland and Powell´s databases, we demonstrate that temperature and pressure estimated for the metapelitic migmatite are independent of the chosen internally consistent thermodynamic database. Peak pressure\u2013temperature (P\u2013T) estimates in the metapelitic mineral assemblage are also consistent with those inferred from pseudosection models constructed with the whole-rock composition of the metasedimentary migmatite. The most tenable values for the peak temperature\u2013pressure condition retrieved in the metapelitic migmatite are taken to provide the best constraint on which to test thermobarometric results from the mafic migmatites. Two-pyroxene thermometry using the database from Berman (1988) and the amphibole-plagioclase thermometer with the calibration by Holland and Blundy (1994) yields values broadly consistent with those determined in the metapelitic migmatite. By contrast, other calibrations of the two-pyroxene thermometer tend to overestimate temperature by at least several tens of degrees. The construction of a P\u2013T pseudosection for the mafic migmatite composition provides further evidence for both selecting the most accurate thermometer and determining the peak pressure of a mafic migmatite.","palabras_clave":"Geotermobarometry|P-T pseudosections|Metasedimentary migmatites|Mafic migmatites"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114220,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EFFECT OF ACID OXIDATION TREATMENT ON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF ARC-DISCHARGE SYNTHESIZED MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES","resumen":"Some drugs used against malaria that contain the aromatic quinolinyl segment, produce phototoxic side effects that have been associated with ROS (reactive oxygen species)1. Studies on antimalarial drugs as primaquine and quinine have shown that the phototoxic effect comes from the 6-methoxyquinolinyl segment2 and was found that 6-Methoxyquinoline (6MQ) has a quantum yield of singlet oxygen generation of 0.96 ± 0.08 in reference to perinaphtenone. This high quantum yield suggests that 6-methoxyquinoline derivative compounds could exhibit highly oxidant properties and used in advanced oxidation processes. 6MQ is an easily oxidizable liquid compound. With the aim of improve its stability it was synthesized a Mercury (II) complex with 6MQ as ligand.","palabras_clave":"Adsorción|Simulaciones"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114221,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE USE OF SPACE INFORMATION  IN SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL SIMULATION OF RODENT  POPULATION DYNAMICS","resumen":"The space technology and the use of space science products offer a vast range of research topics and applications for computer scientists. These research applications are of mandatory interest at the Gulich Institute, a CONAE (Argentine National Space Agency) and UNC (University of Córdoba) dependency. One of these applications is the use of satellite data in early warning and response to health risks and emergencies. In this study, it has been developed a software tool that allows the user to process information coming from satellite images to determine the incidence of rodent ­transmitted diseases. The behaviour and infection rate of rodent populations in a given area determine the incidence of the rodent-transmitted diseases such as the Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever (AHF). In this study, two complementary models have been used to integrate satellite data into the analysis and prevention of vector-borne diseases. The first is a spatial probabilistic model which estimates the distribution of rodents over a given region. The second is a temporal model which calculates the dynamic of rodent population and the incidence of AHF infection.","palabras_clave":"SATELLITE IMAGES|POPULATION DYNAMIC|RODENT AS RESERVOIR OF DISEASE|ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER (AHF)|SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISEASE MODELLING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114222,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant responses in the polychaete Perinereis gualpensis (Nereididae) exposed to the carbon nanomaterial fullerene (C60)","resumen":"The objective of this study was to analyse biochemical responses induced by the carbon nanomaterial fullerene (C60) in the polychaete Perinereis gualpensis(Nereididae). The activity of glutathione-Stransferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), as well as total antioxidant capacity, concentration of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (TBARS), were analysed.  Estuarine worms were maintained in sediments collected at an unpolluted site and spiked with fullerene 3 mg C60·g&#8722;1 sediment).A control group was run in parallel. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of sediment and fullerene indicated that the size of the carbon nanomaterial should enable it to be ingested by the polychaete. No evidence of oxidative damage (TBARS) was observed in any of the treatments, and the same was true for GSH and GCL measurements (p>0.05). Total antioxidant capacity was higher in the C60 group after 2 and 7 d when compared with the control group (p<0.05), suggesting that fullerene  is acting as an antioxidant. The fact that P. gualpensisis an infaunal organism diminishes the chance of fullerene photoexcitation with consequent reactive oxygen species production. Thus, the data indicated  an absence of toxic responses mediated by oxidative stress in estuarine worms exposed to C60 mixed in sediments.","palabras_clave":"NANOTOXICOLOGY|FULLERENE|POLYCHAETA|ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114223,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multibiomarker approach at different organization levels in the estuarine Perinereis gualpensis (Polychaeta; Nereididae) under chronic and acute pollution conditions","resumen":"This work aimed to study biochemical biomarkers and population responses in the polychaete Perinereis gualpensis (Nereididae) from two Chilean estuaries, Lenga (36°45&#8242;S; 73°10&#8242;W) and Tubul\u2013Raqui (37°14&#8242;S,73°26&#8242;W). Lenga estuary is characterized by high mercury and PAH levels as consequence of several historic incidental spills while Tubul is mainly impacted by intensive fish activity. Raqui estuary, with low anthropogenic impact was considered the reference site. Worms were collected in winter and summer periods and tissueswere differentiated between anterior (first 40 segments) and posterior region (the rest of the body).Levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, total antioxidant capacityagainst peroxyl radicals (ACAP), lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels, Na+, K+\u2013ATPase activity (NKA) and metalothioneins (MTs) content were determined in each region. L3 (combined length of prostomiun+peristomiun+first segment) length, size, frequency, histograms and density of individuals were studied in all sites and seasons.Significant differences (pb0.05)were observed among sites for most of the biochemical responses (GSH, GCL, GST,ACAP and TBARS), showing variation between seasons and body regions. Population responses in themost polluted estuary (Lenga) showed differences in size, frequency, lengths and low densities compared with lower impacted sites, indicating the costs associated with tolerance in organisms chronically exposed to estuarinepollution","palabras_clave":"Biomarkers|Polychaeta|Seasonal variability|Estuarine pollution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114224,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of glycerol on the morphology of nanocomposites made from thermoplastic starch and starch Nanocrystals","resumen":"Fully bio-based nanocomposites were prepared using starch nanoparticles obtained by acidic hydrolysisof waxy maize starch granules as reinforcement. The same type of starch, which contains 99 wt.%amylopectin, was used to prepare glycerol plasticized and unplasticized matrices. The X-ray diffractionpattern of the plasticized reinforced materials displays both A and B-type peaks, showing that the crystallinestructure of the nanocrystals was not affected by processing. The storage modulus of the compositematerial increases, with respect to the unfilled film, by 470% at 50 &#9702;C, while the permeability increasesby 70%. This is probably due to a good association of glycerol with the nanoparticles leading to a fibrillarstructure, studied by scanning electron microscopy of plasticized and unplasticized composites.","palabras_clave":"THERMOPLASTIC STARCH|NANOCRYSTALS|BIODEGRADABLE FILMS|morphology"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114225,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CREEP BEHAVIOR OF WOOD FLOUR COMPOSITES MADE FROM LINSEED OIL BASED POLYESTER THERMOSETS","resumen":"ABSTRACT: The creep behavior of new polymers prepared by free radical polymerization of styrene-crosslinked resins obtained from linseed oil and derived wood flour (WF) composites have been analyzed. Results of short-time flexural creep tests at different temperatures are reported. The effects of the wood flour content and temperature are discussed. The creep deformation is significantly reduced with the incorporation of wood flour, due to the excellent fiber\/matrix interaction. The creep strain was modeled using the creep power law and the Burgers models. The parameters were determined from the best fitting of the experimental data using a nonlinear optimization method. Although both models gave a good description of the viscoelastic creep of the materials, the Burgers model was preferred because of its ability to predict recovery. A master curve was built using the time temperature superposition principle, and the time shifts were well fitted using Arrhenius model. There was a good superposition of the shortterm master curve and long-term data for samples tested at the same time after preparation. A reduction of the creep deformation was observed when the responses of samples tested after 2 and 5 years from preparation were compared, which was attributed to aging derived from the oxidative crosslinking of linseed oil fragments in the network.Key words: linseed oil resins; wood flour; creep; master curve; aging","palabras_clave":"LINSEED OIL RESINS|WOOD FLOUR|CREEP|AGING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114226,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Integrated survey of water pollution in the Suquía River basin (Córdoba, Argentina)","resumen":"We report a combined two-year seasonal monitoring of Suquýa River basin using both chemical parameters and biomarkers measured in Jenynsia multidentata, aiming to correlate external levels of&nbsp;contaminants with the response of oxidative stress biomarkers in this fish. Identified pollution sources correspond to city sewage as well as agricultural and small industry activities downstream from Cordoba city. Physicochemical parameters integrated into a water quality index (WQI) were measured in Suquýa River during dry and wet seasons. Ag, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe, Pb and Zn were also monitored in water and sediment samples. Biomarkers include detoxication and antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR). Enzymes showed a pollution dependent response, with increased activities in fish collected close to the sewage exit and progressive drop further downstream, matching changes in the Water Quality index. The combined use of biomarkers with water quality parameters allowed both the identification of pollution sources and the evaluation of effects of contaminants on the aquatic biota.","palabras_clave":"Jenynsia multidentata|Biomarkers|Fish|antioxidant enzymes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114227,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fitness and virulence costs of Candida albicans FKS1 hot spot mutations associated with echinocandin resistance","resumen":"The identification of FKS1 mutations in Candida albicans associated with echinocandin resistance has raised concerns over the spread of drug-resistant strains. We studied the impact of fks1 mutations on C. albicansconcerns over the spread of drug-resistant strains. We studied the impact of fks1 mutations on C. albicansFKS1 mutations in Candida albicans associated with echinocandin resistance has raised concerns over the spread of drug-resistant strains. We studied the impact of fks1 mutations on C. albicansfks1 mutations on C. albicans virulence and fitness. Compared with wild-type strains for FKS1, echinocandin-resistant C. albicans strains with homozygous fks1 hot-spot mutations had reduced maximum catalytic capacity of their glucan synthase complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.with homozygous fks1 hot-spot mutations had reduced maximum catalytic capacity of their glucan synthase complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.FKS1, echinocandin-resistant C. albicans strains with homozygous fks1 hot-spot mutations had reduced maximum catalytic capacity of their glucan synthase complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.fks1 hot-spot mutations had reduced maximum catalytic capacity of their glucan synthase complexes and thicker cell walls attributable to increased cell wall chitin content. The fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.fks1 mutants with the highest chitin contents had reduced growth rates and impaired filamentation capacities. Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.Fks1 mutants were hypovirulent in fly and mouse models of candidiasis, and this phenotype correlated with the cell wall chitincontent. In addition, we observed reduced fitness of echinocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models. We conclude that fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.fks1 mutations that confer echinocandin resistance come at fitness and virulence costs, which may limit their epidemiological and clinical impact.","palabras_clave":"ECHINOCANDIN|RESISTANCE|CANDIDA|VIRULENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114228,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Altura a la cadera e indicadores productivos y reproductivos en vacas lecheras en sistemas a pastoreo","resumen":"El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar las relaciones entre la altura a la cadera como indicador de tamaño corporal, con diferentes indicadores productivos y reproductivos en vacas lecheras mantenidas sobre pasturas en un intento por identificar biotipos con diferente aptitud en este tipo de sistemas. Se compararon vacas Holstein de tercera lactancia, de distinto tamaño corporal, que conviven en sistemas a pastoreo. Se analizaron variables productivas y reproductivas para los distintos tamaños. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p>0,05) entre las vacas de mayor tamaño y las de menor tamaño en las variables reproductivas y en los indicadores productivos estudiados. Los resultados indican que la altura no incide en los niveles productivos ni en los reproductivos. Se identificaron cuatro biotipos y se constata que para el sistema de producción de leche en la región de la pampa húmeda de la República Argentina, el más eficiente es el de vacas con menor altura y producción de leche media.","palabras_clave":"vacas lecheras|tamaño corporal|producción |sistemas a pastoreo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114229,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Soil parameters and host plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizae in the grazed Magellanic steppe of Tierra del Fuego","resumen":"Association between soil properties and two host plants for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a field studyinvolving grasslands exhibiting a range of degradation as a result of long-term modes of sheep grazingin Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) was researched. Vegetation rich in prostrate shrubs (Empetrum rubrum) of little forage value that grow in soils of low pH, high carbon, low N, and low Ca +Mg were associatedwith selective long-term grazing at high intensity. Vegetation with large proportions of mycorrhizalgrasses such as Poa rigidifolia and Deschampsia flexuosa, which species grow in soil of less acidity, low carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3of little forage value that grow in soils of low pH, high carbon, low N, and low Ca +Mg were associatedwith selective long-term grazing at high intensity. Vegetation with large proportions of mycorrhizalgrasses such as Poa rigidifolia and Deschampsia flexuosa, which species grow in soil of less acidity, low carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3of little forage value that grow in soils of low pH, high carbon, low N, and low Ca +Mg were associatedwith selective long-term grazing at high intensity. Vegetation with large proportions of mycorrhizalgrasses such as Poa rigidifolia and Deschampsia flexuosa, which species grow in soil of less acidity, low carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3Empetrum rubrum) of little forage value that grow in soils of low pH, high carbon, low N, and low Ca +Mg were associatedwith selective long-term grazing at high intensity. Vegetation with large proportions of mycorrhizalgrasses such as Poa rigidifolia and Deschampsia flexuosa, which species grow in soil of less acidity, low carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO3Poa rigidifolia and Deschampsia flexuosa, which species grow in soil of less acidity, low carbon\/nitrogen ratio, high NO33 &#8722; and high exchangeable Ca + Mg, were associated with selective grazing at moderate intensities or nonselective grazing at high intensity in short term. These two grasses, representingmore palatable and nutritious plants for sheep, were present at different degrees of coverageand AM-spore densities in their rhizospheric soils. Twenty-five species of AM-fungal spores belongingto the Acaulosporaceae (41.4%), Glomeraceae (36.2%), Ambisporaceae (13.6%), Pacisporaceae (8.4%), andScutellosporaceae (0.4%) were identified. Ambisporaceae spores were associated with low fertility andlight soils, Glomeraceae spores with more fertile soils and disturbed ecosystems, and Acaulosporaceaspores with less disturbed ecosystems. Our results indicated that the sheep-grazing mode and intensityaffected vegetation and soil fertility in grasslands. AM-fungal population in rhizopheric soils of palatablegrasses would thus provide an indicator of grassland degradation and fertility.at moderate intensities or nonselective grazing at high intensity in short term. These two grasses, representingmore palatable and nutritious plants for sheep, were present at different degrees of coverageand AM-spore densities in their rhizospheric soils. Twenty-five species of AM-fungal spores belongingto the Acaulosporaceae (41.4%), Glomeraceae (36.2%), Ambisporaceae (13.6%), Pacisporaceae (8.4%), andScutellosporaceae (0.4%) were identified. Ambisporaceae spores were associated with low fertility andlight soils, Glomeraceae spores with more fertile soils and disturbed ecosystems, and Acaulosporaceaspores with less disturbed ecosystems. Our results indicated that the sheep-grazing mode and intensityaffected vegetation and soil fertility in grasslands. AM-fungal population in rhizopheric soils of palatablegrasses would thus provide an indicator of grassland degradation and fertility.at moderate intensities or nonselective grazing at high intensity in short term. These two grasses, representingmore palatable and nutritious plants for sheep, were present at different degrees of coverageand AM-spore densities in their rhizospheric soils. Twenty-five species of AM-fungal spores belongingto the Acaulosporaceae (41.4%), Glomeraceae (36.2%), Ambisporaceae (13.6%), Pacisporaceae (8.4%), andScutellosporaceae (0.4%) were identified. Ambisporaceae spores were associated with low fertility andlight soils, Glomeraceae spores with more fertile soils and disturbed ecosystems, and Acaulosporaceaspores with less disturbed ecosystems. Our results indicated that the sheep-grazing mode and intensityaffected vegetation and soil fertility in grasslands. AM-fungal population in rhizopheric soils of palatablegrasses would thus provide an indicator of grassland degradation and fertility.and high exchangeable Ca + Mg, were associated with selective grazing at moderate intensities or nonselective grazing at high intensity in short term. These two grasses, representingmore palatable and nutritious plants for sheep, were present at different degrees of coverageand AM-spore densities in their rhizospheric soils. Twenty-five species of AM-fungal spores belongingto the Acaulosporaceae (41.4%), Glomeraceae (36.2%), Ambisporaceae (13.6%), Pacisporaceae (8.4%), andScutellosporaceae (0.4%) were identified. Ambisporaceae spores were associated with low fertility andlight soils, Glomeraceae spores with more fertile soils and disturbed ecosystems, and Acaulosporaceaspores with less disturbed ecosystems. Our results indicated that the sheep-grazing mode and intensityaffected vegetation and soil fertility in grasslands. AM-fungal population in rhizopheric soils of palatablegrasses would thus provide an indicator of grassland degradation and fertility.Published by Elsevier B.V.","palabras_clave":"SOIL PROPERTIES|XERIC ENVIRONMENT|AM FUNGAL SPORE TAXA|LIVESTOCK GRAZING IMPACT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114230,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Screening for a culture medium yielding optimal colony growth, zoospore yield and infectivity of different isolates of Leptolegnia chapmanii (Straminipila: Peronosporomycetes)","resumen":"Leptolegnia chapmanii is an aquatic fungus that has demonstrated marked pathogenicity toward the larvae of a number of mosquito species with little or no effect on no target insects. The aim of this work was to determine the best culture medium for the colony growth, and production and infectivity of zoospores of different isolates of L. chapmanii. No significant differences (P >0.01) were observed for the media FORT(agar), PYG,  YPSS, and PYGSF in terms of the colony diameters of the different isolates evaluated. In these culture media all L. chapmanii isolates had the highest growth (45 mm2) after 7 days. The nine isolates tested produced the greatest number of zoospores in FORT(agar), medium 3 (1 x 106 zoospores\/ml). Medium YPSS exhibited significant differences (P <0.0001) compared to other culture media with respect to the maintenance of the virulence and infectivity of the isolates, producing 100% larval mortality after 48 h of inoculation. Thus, for the cultivation and maintenance L. chapmanii isolates, the medium of choice among those tested is FORT(agar), as it is both inexpensive to prepare and ensures optimal colony development, extremely high zoospore production, and excellent maintenance of fungal infectivity.","palabras_clave":"LEPTOLEGNIA CHAPMANII|ISOLATES|CULTURE MEDIA|AEDES AEGYPTII"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114231,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of inoculation with Glomus mosseae in conventional tilled and non-tilled soils with different levels of nitrogen fertilization on wheat growth, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and nitrogen nutrition","resumen":"Evaluation of the performance of inoculants in undisturbed and unsterilized soils, where diverse communities of microorganisms are present, is a necessary step before using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in agricultural technology. The effects of inoculation with Glomus mosseae on arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, growth, and nitrogen (N) uptake of wheat plants in unsterilized tilled and untilled soils from the Argentinean Pampas with different levels of N fertilization were assessed. The fertilization and inoculation effects depended on the tillage treatments. In no-tillage, the colonization was greater than in conventional tillage, but it was reduced by the N fertilization. In conventional tillage, the inoculation with G. mosseae increased colonization. Both conventional tillage and N fertilization promoted wheat root growth. Inoculation did not affect root growth but enhanced N concentration in roots when fertilizer was not applied.","palabras_clave":"Arbuscular mycorrhiza|Glomus mosseae|no tillage|nitrogen fertilization"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114232,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of graphite catalytic effect in reactively ball-milled MgH2-C and Mg-C  Composites","resumen":"In the present work magnesium hydrogen sorption kinetics of different  graphite nanocomposites prepared by low-energy ball milling is reported. A comparison is made between kinetic performance in a Sievert-type apparatus of pure Mg, Mg+xG (x=5, 10, 20 wt.%, G=graphite) composites and a mixture obtained by adding 10 wt.% G to MgH2 already synthesized via reactive mechanical milling. Moreover, the inuence of two types of graphite morphology (flakes and fine powder) is evaluated. In addition, thermal dehydriding properties are analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements and morphological and microstructural characteristics are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser granulometry, BET surface analysis as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM) for every material under study.  Graphite catalytic effect is independent of its morphology and is more  pronounced when the additive is incorporated from the beginning of milling, as well as in a higher weight proportion. Furthermore, the additive preserves material microstructure during a few hydriding and dehydriding cycles, i.e. particle size distribution and crystallite enlargement, and as a result kinetic properties remain practically unchanged.","palabras_clave":"metal hydride|magnesium|volumetric cycles|mechanical alloying"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114233,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hydrogen Sorption Properties of a MgH2 - 10 wt. % graphite mixture","resumen":"We present an analysis of the hydrogen absorption and desorption properties of a MgH2 - 10 wt. % graphite mixture prepared by reactive mechanical milling. The analysis is based on isothermal hydriding and dehydriding kinetic measurements and calorimetry experiments. The studied samples contained different hydrogen contents. From the characteristics of the sorption curves several features of the hydriding and dehydriding processes, including rate limiting steps, are identified. Additionally, the role of graphite in hydrogen sorption is analyzed.","palabras_clave":"hydrogen storage|Hydrides|sorption kinetics|magnesium"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114234,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lodging yield penalties as affected by breeding in Mediterranean wheats.","resumen":"Stem lodging, a permanent displacement of cereal stems which may reduce wheat yields significantly,affects wheat crops in both developed and developing countries, mainly under high-yielding conditions.Although breeding has decreased these losses by reducing the likelihood of the plant lodging throughreduced height (mainly by the introgression of dwarfing genes), lodging continues to affect wheat yields.We aimed to quantify how wheat breeding has modified the sensitivity of yield to lodging, identifyingphysiological causes for yield reductions. Two field experiments were carried out in Mediterranean Spainduring the 2006\/07 and 2007\/08 growing seasons. The first season two genotypes (Aragon 03 and ID-2151) and two lodging treatments (control and lodged near anthesis) were analysed. The second seasonfour genotypes (Aragon 03, Estrella, Anza and ID-2151) and three lodging treatments (control, lodgedfrom either jointing to maturity or anthesis to maturity) were imposed. In addition, in the 2007\/08experiment the source?sink ratios of five representative spikes of each plot were modified through handtrimming all spikelets from one side of each spike soon after anthesis. Yield losses due to early lodgingwere reduced by wheat breeding: yield penalties in the oldest and newest genotypes were 61% and 43%(mean values of both lodging treatments), respectively while it was 57% in intermediate cultivars (meanvalue of both lodging treatments and cultivars). Lodging decreased both the number of grains per m22and the average grain weight (AGW). The decrease of the number of grains per m2 was associated withreductions in the crop growth, while the AGW loss seemed related to both a reduction of the availabilityof assimilates to fill grains and a direct effect on grain size potential. Lodged plants exhibited strongersource-limitation during grain filling than those un-lodged, while the response of the grain weight to sinkstrengthreductions in lodged plants was very similar to that in the un-trimmed controls, indicating thatgrain filling in un-lodged and in strongly lodged canopies was similarly balanced in terms of source?sinkratios.2 was associated withreductions in the crop growth, while the AGW loss seemed related to both a reduction of the availabilityof assimilates to fill grains and a direct effect on grain size potential. Lodged plants exhibited strongersource-limitation during grain filling than those un-lodged, while the response of the grain weight to sinkstrengthreductions in lodged plants was very similar to that in the un-trimmed controls, indicating thatgrain filling in un-lodged and in strongly lodged canopies was similarly balanced in terms of source?sinkratios.","palabras_clave":"Lodging sensitivity|Yield losses|Genetic improvement|Sourcesink ratios"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114235,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Balance energético y emisiones de gases  de efecto invernadero de la agroindustria sucro-alcoholera de Tucumán","resumen":"-","palabras_clave":"Balance energético|Emisiones de gases|Gases efecto invernadero|Caña de azúcar"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114236,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stable isotope composition of middle Miocene carbonates of the Frontal Cordillera and Sierras Pampeanas: Did the Paranaense seaway flood western and central Argentina?","resumen":"The geographic extent, interconnectedness and chronology of the Miocene \u201CParanaense\u201D epeiric seaway have  been the subject of considerable debate. Understanding the timing and location of this marine incursion is  significant for documenting sea level changes, paleoclimatic changes, and surface uplift or subsidence. Stable  isotope analyses of carbonate strata in the flat-slab segment of the Sierras Pampeanas and high Andean  Cordillera, previously purported to be of marine origin, provide evidence that the Paraná seaway did not  inundate this portion of west and central Argentina. No unambiguously marine facies or isotopic signatures  were recognized for five representative stratigraphic units: the Saguión Formation ESE of Salinas Grande in  Córdoba Province; Anta Formation in the Quebrada de la Yesera and Lerma Valley of Salta Province; Del Buey  and Del Abra Formations within the Famatina Ranges, La Rioja Province; and Chinches Formation in the  Manantiales foreland basin in the Frontal Cordillera, San Juan Province. Paleontologic and lithologic features  in support of a marine origin are reconsidered herein. Instead, a lacustrine origin is inferred for these  formations, their contemporaneity perhaps related to concurrent global climate conditions and broad tectonic  setting. Until more substantive evidence of marine deposition is found, we reject correlation of these units  with the Paraná seaway, preserved in the Chaco-Pampean Plain subsurface, and discourage mapping of the  seaway as extending into the central Sierras Pampeanas or Andean foreland. Our findings suggest the Miocene  Andean foreland was elevated above sea level although it remained as a largely flat-lying area west of the  Pampas and Chaco plains, which were inundated by the Paraná seaway.","palabras_clave":"PARANENSE|ISOTOPES|CARBONATES|PAMPEANAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114237,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Arthropod  communities  related  to  different  mixtures  of  oil  (Glycine  max  L.  Merr.) and  essential  oil  (Artemisia  annua  L.)  crops","resumen":"Plants can host many herbivores and their natural enemies during their growth cycles. For this reason, changes in the relative abundance of crop and weed plants in a monocropping system as well as different crop plants in an intercropping system may produce great bottom up impacts in the specific and functional structure of spontaneous communities of arthropods. The hypothesis of this study was that the combination of two contrasting species, soybean (Glycine max, Fabaceae, N2 fixing plant) and annual&nbsp; wormwood (Artemisia annua, Asteraceae, VOCs plant), would be related to different spontaneous communities of arthropods depending on the proportion of each species, and this would favor crop biodiversity without compromising crop production. The objectives of the study were: (a) to analyze the differences of spontaneous communities of arthropods related to different soybean (S)?annual wormwood (W) mixtures, using standard crop management for S production in Argentina, (b) to determine S and W total biomass and W essential oil content and yield and, (c) to analyze the relationship between arthropod communities and crop productivity. Factorial field experiments with 3 replications were done during 2006 and 2007. S density was kept constant (40 plants m&#8722;2) and different W densities (plants m&#8722;2) were added. Treatments were pure S, S + 2W, S + 4W, S + 8W and pure W (8 plants m&#8722;2). Arthropods were sampled at soybean full flowering and were classified in functional groups as herbivores and non-herbivores. S and W total and relative biomass and W essential oil content and yield from leaves and inflorescences were estimated in reproductive stage. Arthropod morphospecies abundance and richness were determined for each treatment. Data were analyzed using uni (ANOVA) and multivariate (CCA) techniques. Arthropods belonging to 7 orders presented a total richness of 48 morphospecies in 2006 and 36 in 2007, while total abundance was 379 in 2006 and 318 in 2007. The proportion of non-herbivores was higher than the proportion of herbivores. Different arthropod communities were observed according to each treatment. No differences were found among treatments in S + W and S total biomass&nbsp;production, while W total biomass and essential oil yield were both different among treatments. Relative biomass production of S and W was the main explanatory variable related to the contrast of arthropod communities between pure annual wormwood (W) and the rest of the treatments. Annual wormwood could be used as an accompanying essential oil crop or left as a weed in the densities tested in this work, favoring biodiversity and, eventually, pest management without compromising soybean crop yield.Glycine max, Fabaceae, N2 fixing plant) and annual&nbsp; wormwood (Artemisia annua, Asteraceae, VOCs plant), would be related to different spontaneous communities of arthropods depending on the proportion of each species, and this would favor crop biodiversity without compromising crop production. The objectives of the study were: (a) to analyze the differences of spontaneous communities of arthropods related to different soybean (S)?annual wormwood (W) mixtures, using standard crop management for S production in Argentina, (b) to determine S and W total biomass and W essential oil content and yield and, (c) to analyze the relationship between arthropod communities and crop productivity. Factorial field experiments with 3 replications were done during 2006 and 2007. S density was kept constant (40 plants m&#8722;2) and different W densities (plants m&#8722;2) were added. Treatments were pure S, S + 2W, S + 4W, S + 8W and pure W (8 plants m&#8722;2). Arthropods were sampled at soybean full flowering and were classified in functional groups as herbivores and non-herbivores. S and W total and relative biomass and W essential oil content and yield from leaves and inflorescences were estimated in reproductive stage. Arthropod morphospecies abundance and richness were determined for each treatment. Data were analyzed using uni (ANOVA) and multivariate (CCA) techniques. Arthropods belonging to 7 orders presented a total richness of 48 morphospecies in 2006 and 36 in 2007, while total abundance was 379 in 2006 and 318 in 2007. The proportion of non-herbivores was higher than the proportion of herbivores. Different arthropod communities were observed according to each treatment. No differences were found among treatments in S + W and S total biomass&nbsp;production, while W total biomass and essential oil yield were both different among treatments. Relative biomass production of S and W was the main explanatory variable related to the contrast of arthropod communities between pure annual wormwood (W) and the rest of the treatments. Annual wormwood could be used as an accompanying essential oil crop or left as a weed in the densities tested in this work, favoring biodiversity and, eventually, pest management without compromising soybean crop yield.","palabras_clave":"Crop|Weeds|Herbivores|Volatile oil compounds"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114238,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Towards the Generation of Self-Healing Materials by Means of a Reversible Photo-induced Approach","resumen":"Photo-induced reversibility as a tool for self-healing: a reversible   photo-induced dendritic macromonomer was synthesized and proven to form   networks with different features depending on the crosslinking   conditions. While networks formed from aqueous systems exhibited a   reversible change in their crosslinking degree, networks generated in   bulk underwent fully reversibility. The latter was then exploited for   generating self-healing materials by means of a photo-induced treatment.","palabras_clave":"CYCLOADDITION|DENDRITIC POLYMERS|PHOTOCHEMISTRY|REVERSIBILITY|SELF-HEALING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114239,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Competitive and allelopathic interference between soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) crop and annual wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) under field conditions","resumen":"Annual wormwood interference on soybean crop growth and yield may result from competition and allelopathy, which are modulated by crop management. Allelochemicals released by annual wormwood (e.g. artemisinin) may affect the crop directly or indirectly through the effect on the nitrogen fixing symbiont, Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The objectives were (i) to quantify the crop response (i.e. biomass production, nodulation and yield) to weed interference and (ii) to determinate the relative change of competition and allelopathy interferences, when a sublethal dose of herbicide is applied. Two split plot field experiments with three replications were used. The experiment involved a factorial combination of five weed\u2013crop density (soybean\/annual wormwood, plantsm&#8722;2) levels: D1, pure soybean, 40\/0 plantsm&#8722;2; D2, 40\/2 plantsm&#8722;2; D3, 40\/4 plantsm&#8722;2 and D4, 40\/8 plantsm&#8722;2, and D5, pure annual wormwood, 0\/8 plantsm&#8722;2, two activated carbon (allelopathy) levels: C&#8722;, with activated carbon (reduced allelopathy) and C+, non activated carbon applied (with allelopathy) and two herbicide levels: H&#8722;, untreated and H+, treated with a sub-lethal dose of glyphosate. Activated carbon to adsorb allelochemicals(with and without activated carbon) and glyphosate application (with and no herbicide) wereassigned to sub-plots. Increasing weed density did not affect crop biomass at flowering, but changed nodule number and soybean yield with a different pattern depending on carbon and herbicide treatment. Relative crop yield decreased with increasing relative weed biomass. This decrease was particularly drastic when allelopathy was reduced by activated carbon and without herbicide application. The maximum yield losses of 33% in 2006 and 17% in 2007 were observed with the highest weed density (8 plantsm&#8722;2). In contrast, without carbon (high allelopathy level), soybean yield remained stable within the explored range of annual wormwood biomass, despite the fact that weed biomass at high densities (D4) was high enough to generate competition. The lack of response to increasing weed density could be related to the indirect effect of allelochemicals interacting with soil microorganisms (i.e. B. japonicum) that positively affected the nodulation (e.g. larger nodules in 2006 and increased nodules biomass due to higher number of roots in 2007 at high densities). With herbicide application, soybean yield of both carbon treatmentsremained stable when biomass of annual wormwood increased. This research provided strong evidence in support of the existence of positive effect of allelopathic and competitive interactions between annual wormwood and soybean crop under field conditions that may be overridden under herbicide application.","palabras_clave":"COMPETITION|ALLELOPATHY|SOYBEAN|GLYPHOSATE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114240,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of nitrate and nitrite in water samples","resumen":"This paper presents the development of an analytical spectrophotometric technique to quantify nitrate and nitrite anions differentially in a rapid and simple way. For the determination of nitrate, the absorbance is measured at 220 nm and HCl is used as the sole reagent. For the determination of nitrite, a method in which a peroxovanadate complex is decolorized by nitrite, was employed as basis for the quantitative determination of this ion in water samples. The spectrophotometric method presented here was developed to provide information about the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite ions during the catalytic reduction of nitrate in drinking water. The calculated concentrations of NO2- and NO3- agree with the true concentrations within 5% for NO3- and 1% for NO2-, showing that the developed method is useful for the determination of both components. The results obtained with the proposed method agree well with those obtained by the standard IC method.","palabras_clave":"NITRATE DETERMINATION|NITRITE DETERMINATION|PEROXOVANADATE COMPLEX|SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114241,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Digenean Parasites in the White-Backed Stilt Himantopus melanurus Vieillot, 1817 (Recurvirostridae) from the Argentine Coast","resumen":"Four species of digeneans were recovered from 1 specimen of Himantopus melanurus (Aves: Recurvirostridae) from Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina. Digeneans were assigned to Psilochasmus oxyurus (Psilostomidae), Pygidiopsis crassus (Heterophyidae), Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) felippei (Heterophyidae), and Levinseniella cruzi (Microphallidae). Psilochasmus oxyurus and A. (A.) felippei have been reported from other species of hosts, mostly from South America, but this is the southernmost report for these species. Levinseniella cruzi has been reported from H. melanurus from Mar Chiquita lagoon, to the north of Bahía Blanca estuary. This is the first report of P. crassus parasitizing a natural host.","palabras_clave":"TREMATODA|PSILOSTOMIDAE|HETEROPHYIDAE|MICROPHALLIDAE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114242,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photoreactive Nanoparticles as Nanometric Building Blocks for the Generation of Self-Healing Hydrogel Thin Films","resumen":"The use of reversible photo-cross-linkable nanoparticles as nano   building blocks for the formulation of nanostructured self-healing thin   hydrogel films is shown for the first time. This strategy for the   fabrication of autonomous self-healing coatings consisted of various   microgels bearing surface cinnamate moieties. The nanoparticles were   formed by miniemulsion copolymerization, which was followed by surface   functionalization with the cinnamate groups. These nanoparticles were   then used to form films by drop-casting, followed by interparticle   photo-cross-linking polymerization through the light-induced forward   dimerization reaction of the previously incorporated cinnamate groups.   The reversibility of this macroscopic network formation was also   demonstrated by photoinducing the backward dimerization reaction and   carrying out several cycles of photoinduced cross-linking and   de-cross-linking. The self-healing ability through swelling of these   films following surface damage was also demonstrated. Finally, the   ability of these self-healing macroscopic films to incorporate additives   of different chemical nature before photo-cross-linking was evaluated.","palabras_clave":"SELF-HEALING|PHOTOCHEMISTRY|GELS|CYCLOADDITION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114243,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new astrapothere (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from La Meseta Formation, Seymour (Marambio) Island, and a reassessment of previous records of Antarctic astrapotheres","resumen":"ABSTRACTDuring the past quarter century, the uplifted nearshore sediments comprising the EoceneLa Meseta Formation (LMF) of Seymour (Marambio) Island have produced a diverse assemblageof terrestrial mammals that closely, but not exactly, resembles late Early Eocene faunasfrom southern Patagonia. This assemblage includes the only astrapothere and litoptern fossilsknown from outside South America. The occurrence of astrapotheres in LMF was originallyindicated by fragmentary dental remains tentatively referred to family Trigonostylopidae on thebasis of their general resemblance to the Patagonian genus Trigonostylops Ameghino. In thiscontribution we describe a new astrapothere specimen from LMF; unlike specimens collectedpreviously, this one is a complete and excellently preserved lower cheek tooth, providing a basisfor a review of all previous records of Astrapotheria from this formation. This tooth (probablyp4 rather than m1) is sufficiently distinct from all other known astrapothere cheek teeth towarrant assignment to a new genus and species, Antarctodon sobrali. It has a transversallyelongated entoconid, resembling that observed in at least one specimen of the Mustersan genusAstraponotus, but the tooth as a whole is much lower crowned and less lophodont than in thelatter. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Antarctodon is closer to genera classified by previousauthors as astrapotheriids (e.g., Albertogaudrya and Tetragonostylops) than it is to Trigonostylops.Reexamination of other LMF specimens previously referred to Trigonostylopidae revealsthat some specimens are attributable to this new taxon and others either are not astrapotheresat all or lack distinctive features. Consequently, at present the record of order Astrapotheria inAntarctica should be considered as restricted to non-trigonostylopids.","palabras_clave":"ANTARCTICA|SEYMOUR ISLAND|EOCENE|ASTRAPOTHERIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114244,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comparing short and long-distance dispersal: modelling and field case studies","resumen":"Dispersal is a factor of great importance in determining a species spatial distribution. Short distance dispersal (SDD) and long distance dispersal (LDD) strategies yield very different spatial distributions. In this paper we compare spatial spread patterns from SDD and LDD simulations, contrast them with patterns from field data, and assess the significance of biological and population traits.Simulated SDD spread using an exponential function generates a single circular patch with a well-defined invasion front showing a travelling-wave structure. The invasive spread is relatively slow as it is restricted to reproductive individuals occupying the outer zone of the circular patch. As a consequence of this dispersal dynamics, spread is slower than spread generated by LDD. In contrast, the early and fast invasion of the entire habitat mediated by power law LDD not only involves a significantly greater invasion velocity, but also an entirely different habitat occupation. As newly dispersed individuals soon reach very distant portions of the habitat as well as the vicinity of the original dispersal focus, new growing patches are generated while the main patch increases its own growth absorbing the closest patches. As a consequence of both dispersal and lower density dependence, growth of the occupied area is much faster than with SDD.SDD and LDD also differ regarding pattern generation. With SDD, fractal patterns appear only in the border of the invasion front in SDD when competitive interaction with residents is included. In contrast, LDD patterns show fractality both in the spatial arrangements of patches as well as in patch borders. Moreover, values of border fractal dimension inform on the dispersal process in relation with habitat heterogeneity. The distribution of patch size is also scale-free, showing two power laws characteristic of small and large patch sizes directly arising from the dispersal and reproductive dynamics.Ecological factors like habitat heterogeneity are relevant for dispersal, although its importance is greater for SDD, lowering the invasion velocity. Among the life history traits considered, adult mortality, the juvenile bank and mean dispersal distance are the most relevant for SDD. For LDD, habitat heterogeneity and changes in life history traits are not so relevant, causing minor changes in the values of the scale-free parameters.Our work on short and long distance dispersal shows novel theoretical differences between SDD and LDD in invasive systems (mechanisms of pattern formation, fractal and scaling properties, relevance of different life history traits and habitat variables) that correspond closely with field examples and were not analyzed, at least in this degree of detail, by the previously existing models.","palabras_clave":"SPECIES SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114245,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evaluation of bradyrhizobia strains isolated from field-grown soybean plants in Argentina as improved inoculants","resumen":"Bradyrhizobium strains were isolated from nodules obtained from field-grown soybean plants sampled in 12 soybean production locations in Argentina. These fields had been annually cropped with soybean and did not show decreases in yields even though they had been neither N-fertilized nor inoculated for at least the last five years. We hypothesized that the isolated strains maintained high competitiveness and efficiency in fixing adequate N2 levels. A set of strains that showed the highest nodular occupancy in each sampling location were assayed for symbiotic performance under greenhouse and field conditions and comparatively evaluated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum E109, the strain officially recommended for inoculant formulation in Argentina.                                                                                                                                                 An inoculant pool, formed by four strains obtained from nodules collected from Cañada Rica, developed higher nodular biomass than B. japonicum E 109 in assays carried out in greenhouses under well irrigated conditions. Additionally, neither nodule production nor specific nitrogenase activity decreased with respect to B. japonicum E 109 when plants were drought stressed during seven days from sowing. The mean yields obtained under field conditions, and plotted against the principal component one (CP1) obtained with an AMMI (Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction) model showed that the inoculant pool from Cañada Rica had higher contribution to yield than strain E 109, although with lower environmental stability. The inoculant pool from Cañada Rica could be considered an improved inoculant and be used for preliminary assays, to formulate inoculants in Argentina.                                                                                                                               ","palabras_clave":"Bradyrhizobium japonicum; Biological Nitrogen Fixation; Inoculant; Soybean"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114246,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Primeros ensayos petrofísicos sobre la roca dimensional de Tierra del Fuego","resumen":"Se muestran aquí los primeros ensayos de laboratorio sobre las rocas dimensionales de Tierra del Fuego, región que tenía unapotencialidad no evaluada respecto al uso posible de este recurso nativo. Nunca habían sido empleadas hasta ahora rocas duras(ígneas) ni pizarras en la construcción residencial, el revestimiento de fachadas ó pisos. Dos pequeñas canteras de rocasplutónicas han sido abiertas recientemente: una de ellas en el cerro Jeu-Jepén, aprovechada para la construcción de la escolleramarina del puerto de Río Grande y la ruta nacional, y la otra en la península de Ushuaia, iniciada con el propósito de removerun morro para localizar el aeropuerto y usada últimamente como revestimiento de viviendas. Sobre un grupo de muestrasfueguinas se realizaron para este trabajo ensayos físicos de densidad aparente, absorción de agua y porosidad abierta, comoasimismo ensayos mecánicos de resistencia a la compresión y a la tensión, y también algunos ensayos Dorry para medir su resistenciaa la abrasión. En la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego los tipos más apropiados como rocas ornamentales han resultadoser las distintas variedades de rocas granitoides, con relativamente altas resistencias a la compresión y a la tensión. Lasrocas del cerro Jeu-Jepén analizadas reúnen entonces las mejores condiciones para su aprovechamiento inmediato: buenos resultadospetrofísicos, posibilidad de obtención de bloques de tamaño adecuado, descubrimiento de la cantera y fácil acceso.","palabras_clave":"ROCAS DIMENSIONALES|ENSAYOS PETROFÍSICOS|TIERRA DEL FUEGO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114247,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Continuous miniemulsification for the industrialization of miniemulsion polymerization","resumen":"  Miniemulsion polymerization allows the synthesis of a broad range of materials which are not obtainable by means of other polymerization processes in dispersed media such as conventional emulsion polymerization. However, the industrial implementation of the miniemulsion polymerization is being hindered by the miniemulsification process, which may require long times leading to unacceptable process times. This work explores the feasibility of using a continuous miniemulsification system that includes a static mixer and a high pressure homogenizer in series, in both loop arrangement and single pass. The proposed system allows the production at high rates, of high solids content miniemulsions containing a very viscous organic phase.","palabras_clave":"MINIEMULSIFICATION|HIGH PRESURE HOMOGENIZER|STATIC MIXER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114248,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Do barley and wheat (bread and durum) differ in grain weight stability through seasons and water-nitrogen treatments in a Mediterranean location?","resumen":"Under Mediterranean environments, farmers usually prefer to sow barley rather than wheat as it is generally believed that barley yields more under stressful conditions. As terminal stresses such as high temperature and water are common constraints in Mediterranean regions, higher grain weight stability may confer a clear advantage in order to maintain higher yields. The objective of the present study was to compare the stability in terms of grain weight and its components for barley, bread wheat, and durum wheat, exploring a wide range of nitrogen and water availabilities in experiments conducted in a Mediterranean region. Grain weight ranged from 23.8 to 47.7mg grain-1, being higher for durum wheat than barley and bread wheat. Durum wheat presented higher variability both in maximum grain filling rate and duration of grain filling period than bread wheat or barley. The three species responded similarly in terms of grain nitrogen content to changes in the environmental conditions explored. It is concluded that in terms of grain weight barley is as stable as bread wheat. However, durum wheat presented a lower stability than barley and bread wheat.","palabras_clave":"Canopy temperature|Grain filling duration|Grain growth|Grain nitrogen content|Hordeum vulgare|Triticum aestivum|Triticum durum"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114249,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multiple recent horizontal transfers of the cox1 intron in Solanaceae and extended coconversion of flanking exons","resumen":"Background: The most frequent case of horizontal transfer in plants involves a group I intron in the mitochondrial gene cox1, which has been acquired via some 80 separate plant-to-plant transfer events among 833 diverse angiosperms examined. This homing intron encodes an endonuclease thought to promote the intron´s promiscuous behavior. A promising experimental approach to study endonuclease activity and intron transmission involves somatic cell hybridization, which in plants leads to mitochondrial fusion and genome recombination. However, the cox1 intron has not yet been found in the ideal group for plant somatic genetics - the Solanaceae. We therefore undertook an extensive survey of this family to find members with the intron and to learn more about the evolutionary history of this exceptionally mobile genetic element.  Results: Although 409 of the 426 species of Solanaceae examined lack the cox1 intron, it is uniformly present in three phylogenetically disjunct clades. Despite strong overall incongruence of cox1 intron phylogeny with angiosperm phylogeny, two of these clades possess nearly identical intron sequences and are monophyletic in intron phylogeny. These two clades, and possibly the third also, contain a co-conversion tract (CCT) downstream of the intron that is extended relative to all previously recognized CCTs in angiosperm cox1. Re-examination of all published cox1 genes uncovered additional cases of extended co-conversion and identified a rare case of putative intron loss, accompanied by full retention of the CCT.  Conclusions: We infer that the cox1 intron was separately and recently acquired by at least three different lineages of Solanaceae. The striking identity of the intron and CCT from two of these lineages suggests that one of these three intron captures may have occurred by a within-family transfer event. This is consistent with previous evidence that horizontal transfer in plants is biased towards phylogenetically local events. The discovery of extended co-conversion suggests that other cox1 conversions may be longer than realized but obscured by the exceptional conservation of plant mitochondrial sequences. Our findings provide further support for the rampant-transfer model of cox1 intron evolution and recommend the Solanaceae as a model system for the experimental analysis of cox1 intron transfer in plants.","palabras_clave":"horizontal gene transfer |cox1 intron|Solanaceae|mitochondrial DNA|homing endonuclease"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114250,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Trabajo en unidades domésticas del Gran Buenos Aires. Dinámicas y bienestar familiar","resumen":"En Argentina en las últimas décadas el notable deterioro en la distribución de los ingresos de los hogares, el pobre desempeño del mercado de trabajo y la ineficacia de las políticas públicas para contrarrestar los efectos negativos que estos procesos tuvieron sobre ciertos segmentos de la población, redundaron en cambios relevantes en las dinámicas de los hogares. Cambios que la recuperación económica de los últimos años no parece haber podido revertir aún. Se trata de dinámicas vertebrada, principalmente, alrededor del trabajo, donde su ausencia o cambio de estadio ha hecho que los hogares apelen a múltiples recursos para seguir viviendo, donde emergen sus múltiples capacidades acumuladas.  El objetivo del presente artículo es describir y analizar algunas de las características que asume la dinámica de los hogares en relación a procesos vinculados al mercado de trabajo. Nos interesa particularmente analizar cuáles han sido sus respuestas a los procesos de precarización e inestabilidad laboral de los noventa.  Interesa comprender cómo los procesos del mercado de trabajo se relacionan y afectan la obtención y utilización de los recursos disponibles en los hogares.  Nos centramos así en los mecanismos y arreglos orquestados por las unidades domésticas tendientes a la generación y utilización de recursos que permiten su reproducción. Partimos de los supuestos teórico-metodológicos que las unidades domésticas  tienen la capacidad de concentrar un pool de recursos monetarios y no monetarios; que obtienen sus ingresos a partir de la combinación de diferentes modalidade; y que cuando los ingresos monetarios son insuficientes deben adecuarse y\/o complementarlos con otras formas de ingreso.","palabras_clave":"TRAYECTORIAS LABORALES|RECURSOS ECONOMICOS DEL HOGAR|MERCADO DE TRABAJO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114251,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El espejo y la trampa. La intransigencia radical y la emergencia del populismo peronista en la Argentina (1943-1949)","resumen":"Generalmente la relación entre el espacio peronista y sus otros fue descripta de modo  puramente binario. Así, el antiperonismo es visto como una reacción a la irrupción  populista, o bien como una configuración de sentidos preexistentes a dicha irrupción.  De esta manera, ya sea por vía de la ruptura o por vía de la continuidad, el populismo  tornó en un proceso político explicado sobre la base de espacios identitarios  enfrentados, definidos por límites infranqueables, y dotados de tramas de sentidos  separables entre sí. En contraposición, nuestra pretensión es rastrear posibles cercanías  entre ambos campos políticos, explorando una fracción de la Unión Cívica Radical, la  Intransigencia. En efecto, nos interesa observar los modos en que varios referentes de la  intransigencia resignificaron los conflictos partidarios internos y externos, debatiendo  sobre elementos centrales de las tradiciones políticas argentinas.","palabras_clave":"Peronismo|Unión Cívica Radical|Populismo|Identidades Políticas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114252,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"'Te explicó qué quiere decir', 'te digo cómo se llama'. Interacciones niño-niño en torno a vocabulario no familiar","resumen":"Este trabajo se propone analizar los movimientos conversacionales a los que recurren niños\/as de 12 años para explicar vocabulario a niños\/as de 4 años en situaciones de alfabetización. Las situaciones fueron video filmadas en escuelas en la que se llevaba a cabo un programa de niños tutores. Los niños\/as participantes del programa vivían en poblaciones urbano-marginadas en Buenos Aires, Argentina. El corpus de datos analizados incluye 50 situaciones de tutoría. La unidad de análisis estuvo constituida por intercambios en los que un niño\/a mayor explicaba una o más palabras, denominaba o intentaba elicitar un término determinado por parte del pequeño\/a. Para el análisis de los datos se empleó un procedimiento cualitativo (Glaser y Strauss, 1967; Strauss y Corbin, 1990). Los resultados mostraron que en estas situaciones los niños\/as mayores recurren no solo a información lingüística sino también a información de otros campos semióticos. La revista Bellaterra Journal of Teaching & Learning Language & Literature se encuentra indexada en: ISOC Base de Datos, Diposit Digital de Documents (DDD), Difusión y Calidad Editorial de las Revistas Españolas de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas (DICE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CCHS-CSIC, Open Journal System (OJS) Database, Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert (RACO), Academic Journals Database, Ulrich?s Periodical Directiyr, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Dulcinea, Latindex, Elektronische Zeitscheriftenbibliothek, Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) y Linguistics Abstracts Online (LBA). ","palabras_clave":"INTERACCIONES|TUTORES|VOCABULARIO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114253,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Alfabetización temprana en poblaciones urbano marginadas. La familia como contexto de oportunidades","resumen":"El presente estudio se enmarca en las líneas de investigación de alfabetización temprana y familiar (Hannon y Bird, 2004). Se describen y analizan cualitativamente (Strauss y Corbin, 1991) los marcos de participación particulares que configuran las situaciones de alfabetización familiar en hogares de niños de 4 años de poblaciones urbano marginadas de Córdoba y de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Los resultados mostraron que las situaciones de alfabetización en estas familias no son homogéneas: adoptan diferentes modalidades que se diferencian entre sí por las formas de intervención de los adultos y los niños mayores, las actividades particulares que se realizan en los hogares, el grado de consecución de las mismas, el grado en el que los participantes se atienen a las consignas y el desempeño observado en los niños. La combinación de estas dimensiones define tres modalidades de interacción y de estructuración de la situación, que implican diferentes oportunidades de aprendizaje para los niños: 1) una modalidad centrada en el etiquetamiento y en el libro como material ilustrado; 2) otra cuyo formato se asemeja a las situaciones escolares y 3) una tercera modalidad que adopta un formato narrativo en el marco de una atmósfera lúdica. Publicación indexada en IRESIE (México), REDUC (Chile)), CREDI-OEI (España), LATINDEX","palabras_clave":"ALFABETIZACIÓN TEMPRANA|ALFABETIZACIÓN FAMILIAR|FORMATOS DE INTERACCIÓN|POBLACIÓN URBANO MARGINAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114254,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La enseñanza del vocabulario en las clases de ciencias: Análisis de los movimientos conversacionales de las docentes","resumen":"Este estudio analiza las interacciones entre la maestra y los alumnos de dos primeros grados de la escuela primaria, con el objeto de describir las oportunidades que tienen los niños para aprender nuevas palabras en el aula. En cada curso, se analizaron dos tipos de situaciones: situaciones espontáneas de enseñanza y situaciones inducidas a partir de la lectura de textos expositivos. Desde una perspectiva psicolingüística, se identificó y comparó la amplitud y la diversidad de vocabulario presente en los discursos de las maestras, como también se describieron los movimientos interaccionales empleados por las docentes para enseñar palabras no familiares.","palabras_clave":"VOCABULARIO|INTERACCIÓN|APRENDIZAJES|CLASES DE CIENCAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114255,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aromatic and Aliphatic Thiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au:  Anchoring and Delivering Copper Species","resumen":"The immobilization of dinuclear copper(II) acetate complexes (Cu2(CH3COO)4 2H2O) on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of different aliphatic and aromatic thiols with oxygen and nitrogen donors at the end group is investigated on preferentially oriented (111) gold surfaces (Au(111)).The Cu species are immobilized at the outer plane of these terminal groups by the interaction of the terminal moiety of the functionalized SAMs. The highest electrochemical activity for the Cu(II)\/Cu(I) redox couple is found for the metallic complexes immobilized on SAMs of short thiols, irrespective of their aliphatic or aromatic character, or the nature of the terminal group of the linking molecule, suggesting that direct tunneling is the main path for charge transfer to the Au substrate. Even though a progressive demetalation of the copper acetate complex immobilized on N-terminated SAMs by the release of Cu ions to the solution is induced by repeated potential scans, this process is negligible for Cu species immobilized on O-terminated thiols. The  Cu(I)\/Cu(0) reaction is not observable in the overall potential range where thiol SAMs are stable on the Au(111) surface. In contrast, this reaction is clearly visible by using nanostructured Au, a substrate that exhibits a wider potential window of SAM stability and larger capture areas than ordered smooth metal surfaces. Finally, spatial 2D and 3D confinement of the copper complex can be performed by SAMs of mixed thiols with different immobilization abilities and by building complex electrochemically active supramolecular structures. Our results are important to understand the behavior of Cu centers of enzymes, the electrochemical metallization of thin organic films with Cu, and the preparation of complex three-dimensional supramolecular Cu-containing  29 structures with spatial order.","palabras_clave":"Self-Assembled Monolayers|Copper complexes|Immovilization|Electrochemistry"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114256,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Formation of sulfite-like species on Cr2O3 after SO2 chemisorption","resumen":"The adsorption of sulfur dioxide (SO2) on polycrystalline Cr2O3 was experimentally investigated using  temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). The chemisorption of SO2 on the (0001) surface was also  studied using theoretical methods. Different adsorption geometries were explored for SO2 adsorption on the Cr2O3 (0001) surface. Two similar adsorption configurations were found to be the most stable with  chemisorption energies of -3.09 and - 2.79 eV\/molecule. In both calculated stable adsorption configurations  the appearance of sulfite-like species is predicted on the (0001) surface after adsorption. It is important to  emphasize that these results are predicted only within the DFT+U framework. Under these conditions and  despite great efforts, no stable sulfate-like geometry was found on this surface. The TPD spectrum exhibit a  desorption peak at Tp = 870 C with a heating rate of 0.12 C\/s. The desorption energy calculated by the  analysis given by Redhead and Adams, assuming the rate of desorption is given by a Polanyi.Wigner equation,  is -3.12 eV. This value is in good agreement with the predicted one using DFT+U calculations. To our  knowledge, this is the first theoretical study of SO2 adsorption on the Cr2O3 (0001) surface.","palabras_clave":"Adsorption|Cr2 O3|Chemisorption"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114257,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"DFT determination of ammonia adsorption configurations on the Pt{100}?(1 x 1) surface at low coverage","resumen":"Abstract  DFT is used to determine the ammonia adsorption configurations at low coverage on the Pt{1 0 0}\u2013(1 × 1) surface. At 0.11 and 0.22 ML ammonia molecules adsorb in the on-top configuration with the N-atom binding to a surface Pt atom (&#945;-NH3). We report an ammonia dimer stable at 0.22 and 0.33 ML with one molecule adsorbed in the &#945;-state and a second one bonded via H-bond to the first molecule (&#946;-state). At 0.33 ML the monomer and dimer coadsorption is the preferred configuration. The estimated saturation coverage for the &#945;-state is 0.29 ML.","palabras_clave":"adsorption |ammonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114258,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and biological activity of ring-A difluorinated brassinosteroids","resumen":"In this paper we report the synthesis of four ring-A difluorinated analogs of brassinosteroids. The bioactivity of these new compounds was evaluated using the rice lamina inclination test. The results show that one of these  analogs elicits a bioactivity comparable to that of 28-homocastasterone, a  highly active natural brassinosteroid. This finding suggests that both hydroxyls at C-2 and C-3 in active brassinosteroids are involved as hydrogen bond acceptors in their interactions with the cellular receptor.","palabras_clave":"Brassinosteroids|Difluorinated steroids|Plant hormones"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114259,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Una propuesta hermenéutica para la integración supranacional","resumen":"El presente artículo consta de tres partes. La primera es una respuesta a la tesis de este autor, según la cual, \u201Ca pesar de que Ricoeur mismo nunca entró en reflexiones series sobre la globalización, con su profunda transformación del concepto de interpretación ha empero abierto la puerta para que se puedan dar los pasos posteriores.\u201D (Uggla, 2010, p. 52). Así, apoyándose fundamentalmente en las caracterizaciones de la actualidad realizadas por G. Vattimo, según la cual no hay hechos estables, sino interpretaciones variables, la hermenéutica es presentada como una estrategia de racionalidad alternativa al relativismo horizontal postmoderno y al intento del pensamiento vertical de jerarquías fijas de verdad.[i] Frente a esta tesis traeremos brevemente a colación las tesis centrales del artículo de Ricoeur, \u201CReflections on a new ethos for Europe\u201D, donde se proponen \u201Clas condiciones éticas y políticas de posibilidad\u201D de la integración de bloques supranacionales. En segundo lugar, quisiéramos poner de manifiesto las limitaciones que tiene la visión de Uggla respecto de la de Ricoeur. Para ello, nos remitiremos a la aplicación que hace este intérprete de las categorías hermenéuticas al caso de la identidad colectiva nórdica. Allí se pondrá de manifiesto una suerte de terapéutica hermenéutica, no mencionada por este intérprete, pero que considero de utilidad para las tensiones ligadas a la globalización. Quisiera finalmente evaluar algunos motivos por los que la hermenéutica se ha convertido en una de las corrientes que busca resolver algunas de las tensiones ligadas con la globalización. En efecto, la globalización, tanto sea historia global como la discusión en torno a procesos de integraciones regionales, es una problemática asociada con la teoría e historia social. La hermenéutica, por su parte, está ligada fundamentalmente con teoría del texto que ha influido fuertemente en el desarrollo de la historia intelectual. La pregunta es, pues, cómo es posible pueda desplazarse hacia la teoría social y sostenga que \u201C\u2026la historia social no es un sector entre otros, sino el punto de vista bajo el cual la historia elige su campo, el de las ciencias sociales.\u201D (Ricoeur, 2000, 232). La pregunta es, pues, ¿qué ha permitido en esta obra este desplazamiento de cuestiones ligadas con la interpretación de textos a problemáticas sociales?           [i] Cf. Uggla, 2010, p. 61.  ","palabras_clave":"globalización|integración|hermenéutica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114260,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Conservación ex situ: un banco de germoplasma de especies nativas","resumen":"La pérdida de biodiversidad por actividades humanas, especialmente por deforestación en el Noroeste Argentino, destaca la necesidad de emprender acciones que combinen las estrategias de conservación in situ y ex situ.&nbsp; En este trabajo se presentan los objetivos y actividades más relevantes que se realizan en el banco de germoplasma de Especies Nativas de la Universidad Nacional de Salta, para conservar a largo plazo el germoplasma de especies arbóreas nativas.","palabras_clave":"BIODIVERSIDAD|GERMOPLASMA|CONSERVACION|ESPECIES NATIVAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114261,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Evaluación del daño oxidativo al ADN y efecto de la susceptibilidad genética en una población laboral y ambientalmente expuesta a mezclas de plaguicidas","resumen":"En lasúltimas décadas, se ha incrementado el uso de plaguicidas en los países endesarrollo producto de la expansión agrícola.&nbsp;La aplicación de biomarcadores&nbsp; deefecto y de susceptibilidad permite evaluar la exposición humana a plaguicidas.Elpropósito de este trabajo fue evaluar el daño oxidativo al ADN en un grupo depersonas expuestas a mezclas de plaguicidas (n=24), empleando el Ensayo Cometamodificado con la enzima FPG y la susceptibilidad génica individual evaluandolos polimorfismos GSTT1 y GSTM1. Seencontraron&nbsp; incrementos estadísticamentesignificativos de purinas oxidadas en el grupo de aplicadores de plaguicidas,de fumadores y al utilizar la actividad agrícola y equipo de protección comofactor. Mientras que no se hallaron diferencias significativas respecto a lospolimorfismos investigados, a los factores de confusión u otras variableslaborales evaluadas.Eldaño oxidativo al ADN encontrado en este grupo incentiva futurasinvestigaciones en otras poblaciones expuestas a plaguicidas.","palabras_clave":"Plaguicidas|Oxidación del ADN|Biomonitoreo Humano|Susceptibilidad Génica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114262,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Huellas de aserrado perimetral sobre restos óseos humanos. El caso del sitio Cerro Lutz, provincia de Entre Ríos","resumen":"Se presenta el caso de dos fragmentos óseos humanos intencionalmente modificados mediante la técnica de aserrado perimetral (AP). Ambos ejemplares provienen del sitio Cerro Lutz, cuya ocupación arqueológica fue generada por grupos cazadores-recolectores que habitaron el humedal del Paraná inferior (HPI) durante los últimos 2500 años C14 (Holoceno tardío). Aunque el AP es una técnica ampliamente representada en la mayoría de los sitios arqueológicos del HPI, hasta ahora solo había sidoidentifi cada sobre restos faunísticos. El principal objetivo del trabajo es discutir las posibles conductas vinculadas con los hallazgos mencionados a través de otras evidencias arqueológicas disponibles yproponer algunas hipótesis preliminares dado que se trata de un registro prácticamente desconocido en el área de estudio. En tal sentido, se realizan distintas interpretaciones para establecer, por ejemplo, si dichos artefactos, además de constituir parte del sistema tecnológico, tuvieron algún otro tipo de asociación o connotación especial vinculada con las prácticas mortuorias.","palabras_clave":"huesos humanos|aserrado perimetral|tecnología ósea"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114263,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of O(2)(+), H(2)(+) + O(2)(+), and N(2)(+) + O(2)(+) ion-beam irradiation on the field emission properties of carbon nanotubes","resumen":"The effect of O(2)(+), H(2)(+) + O(2)(+), and N(2)(+) + O(2)(+) ion-beam irradiation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) films on the chemical and electronic properties of the material is reported. The CNTs were grown by the chemical vapor deposition technique (CVD) on silicon TiN coated substrates previously decorated with Ni particles. The Ni decoration and TiN coating were successively deposited by ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and afterwards the nanotubes were grown. The whole deposition procedure was performed in situ as well as the study of the effect of ion-beam irradiation on the CNTs by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Raman scattering, field-effect emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), and field emission (FE) measurements were performed ex situ. The experimental data show that: (a) the presence of either H(2)(+)or N(2)(+) ons in the irradiation beam determines the oxygen concentration remaining in the samples as well as the studied structural characteristics; (b) due to the experimental conditions used in the study, no morphological changes have been observed after irradiation of the CNTs; (c) the FE experiments indicate that the electron emission from the CNTs follows the Fowler-Nordheim model, and it is dependent on the oxygen concentration remaining in the samples; and (d) in association with FE results, the XPS data suggest that the formation of terminal quinone groups decreases the CNTs work function of the material","palabras_clave":"ion-beam irradiation|Carbon nanotubes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114264,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of synthesis conditions on the microstructure of TEOS derived silica hydrogels synthesized by the alcohol-free sol-gel route","resumen":"Silica matrices synthesized from a pre-hydrolysis step in ethanol followed by alcohol removal at low pressure distillation, and condensation in water, are suitable for encapsulation of biomolecules and microorganisms and building bioactive materials with optimized optical properties. Here we analyze the microstructure of these hydrogels from the dependence of I(q) data acquired from SAXS experiments over a wide range of silica concentration and pH employed in the condensation step. From the resulting data it is shown that there is a clear correlation between the microscopic parameters-cluster fractal dimension (D), elementary particle radius (a) and cluster gyration radius (R)-with the attenuation of visible light when the condensation step proceeds at pH&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;6. At higher pHs, there is a steep dependence of the cluster density (~RD-3) with the condensation pH, and non-monotonous changes of attenuance are less than 20%, revealing the complexity of the system. These results, which were obtained for a wide pH and silica concentration range, reinforce the idea that the behavior of gels determined in a restricted interval of synthesis variables cannot be extrapolated, and comparison of gelation times is not enough for predicting their properties.","palabras_clave":"SolGel|SiO2|SAXS|Microstructure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114265,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structures and stability of lipid emulsions formulated with sodium caseinate","resumen":"The physicochemical properties of emulsions play an important role in food systems as they directly contribute to texture, sensory and nutritional properties of foods. Sodium caseinate (NaCas) is a well-used ingredient because of its good solubility and emulsifying properties and its stability during heating. One of most significant aspects of any food emulsion is its stability. Among the methods used to study emulsion stability it may be mentioned visual observation, ultrasound profiling, microscopy, droplet size distribution, small deformation rheometry, measurement of surface concentration to characterize adsorbed protein at the interface, nuclear magnetic resonance, confocal microscopy, diffusing wave spectroscopy, and turbiscan. They have advantages and disadvantages and provide different insights into the destabilization mechanisms. Related to stability, the aspects more deeply investigated were the amount of NaCas used to prepare the emulsion, and specially the oil-to-protein ratio, the mobility of oil droplets and the interactions among emulsion components at the interface. It is known that the amount of protein required to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions depends, not only on the structure of protein at the interface, and the average diameters of the emulsion droplets, but also on the type of oils and the composition of the aqueous phase. Several authors have investigated the effect of a thickening agent or of a surface active molecule. Factors such as pH, temperature, and processing conditions during emulsion preparation are also very relevant to stability. There is a general agreement among authors that the most stable systems are obtained for conditions that produce size reduction of the droplets, an increase in viscosity of the continuous phase and structural changes in emulsions such as gelation. All these conditions decrease the molecular mobility and slow down phase separation.","palabras_clave":"EMULSION|SODIUM CASEINATE|STABILITY|STRUCTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114266,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"N-TiO2 : Chemical Synthesis and Photocatalysis","resumen":"The chemical synthesis of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) is explored in an attempt to understand the mechanismsof doping. Urea is used as precursor in a sol gel synthesis of N-TiO2. Chemical and structural changes during thermal treatmentof the precursors were followed by several techniques. The effect of doping on band gap, morphology, and microstructure wasalso determined. The byproducts produced during firing correspond to those obtained during urea thermal decomposition.Polynitrogenated colored compounds produced at temperatures below 400&#9702;Cmay act as sensitizer. Incorporation of N in the TiO2structure is possible at higher temperatures. Degradation experiments of salicylic acid under UVA and visible light (&#955; > 400 nm) inthe presence of TiO2 or N-TiO2 indicate that doping decreases the activity under UVA light, while stable byproducts are producedunder visible light.","palabras_clave":"TiO2 |N DOPED|PHOTOCATALYIS|SALICYLIC ACID"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114267,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Heavy metal and trace element concentrations in wheat grains: Assessment of potential non-carcinogenic health hazard through their consumption","resumen":"      Heavy metal and trace element  concentrations were examined in wheat grains and straw to elucidate associations between air  pollution sources and soil variables. The mean wheat grain concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn surpassed  the tolerance limits  stated in the international  legislation for wheat grain and foodstuffs. When topsoil Ba, Co, Cr and Zn  concentrations were higher than the legislation thresholds for agricultural and  residential soils, wheat grain concentrations were also increased. In addition,  Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn revealed an immobilization effect of a cement plant  and the atmospheric deposition input, with Cd in wheat grains being associated  with a cement plant and industrial waste incinerator. The health risks arising  from wheat grain consumption indicated that the inhabitants of Argentina  are experiencing significant non-carcinogenic risks (Hazard Index = 3.311),  especially when consuming wheat grains affected by metallurgical or chemical  factories, as well as by air transportation from big cities. ","palabras_clave":"SOIL POLLUTION|AIR POLLUTION|BIO-CONCENTRATION|CEMENT PLANT|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114268,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant response of three Tillandsia species transplanted to urban, agricultural and industrial areas","resumen":"To evaluate the physiological response of Tillandsia capillaris Ruiz &amp; Pav. f. capillaris, T. recurvata L., and T. tricholepis Baker to different air pollution sources, epiphyte samples were collected from a noncontaminated area in the province of Córdoba (Argentina) and transplanted to a control site as well as three areas categorized according to the presence of agricultural, urban, and industrial (metallurgical and metal-mechanical) emission sources. A foliar damage index (FDI) was calculated with the physiological parameters chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroperoxyconjugated dienes, sulfur (S) content, and dry weight-to-fresh weight ratio. In addition, electrical conductivity (E-cond), relative water content (RWC), dehydration kinetics (Kin-H2O), total phenols (T-phen), soluble proteins (S-prot), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase were determined. The parameters E-cond, FDI, SOD, RWC, and Kin-H2O can serve as suitable indicators of agricultural air pollution for T. tricholepis and T. capillaris, and CAT, Kin-H2O, and SOD can do the same for T. recurvata. In addition, MDA, T-phen, and S-prot proved to be appropriate indicators of urban pollution for T. recurvata. Moreover, FDI, E-cond, and SOD for T. recurvata and MDA for T. tricholepis, respectively, could be used to detect deleterious effects of industrial air pollution.","palabras_clave":"Biomonitoring|epiphytic plants|phsyiology|antioxidant enzymes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114269,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Actinopterygii, Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Hypostomus aspilogaster (Cope, 1894). Distribution extension and first record for Argentina","resumen":"The present work extends to Argentina the distribution of Hypostomus aspilogaster originally described from Uruguay River in southern Brazil. The examined specimens were sampled in the stream Mandisoví Grande, affluent of Uruguay River in Entre Ríos province, and in Punta Lara, from Río de la Plata basin, in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. This represents the first country record for this species.","palabras_clave":"HYPOSTOMUS|LA PLATA BASIN|D-LOOP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114270,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New records of Astyanax pelegrini Eigenmann, 1907 and  Triportheus pantanensis Malabarba, 2004 (Actinopterygii:  Characiformes: Characidae) for the Río Pilcomayo  National Park and Ramsar Site in the province of  Formosa, Argentina","resumen":"This note presents the first records of Astyanax pelegrini Eigenmann, 1907 and Triportheus pantanensis Malabarba, 2004 for the province of Formosa, Argentina from fish surveys conducted in the Río Pilcomayo National Parkand Ramsar Site. In the case of T. pantanensis, this occurrence represents the first record of this species for Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Fishes distribution|Formosa Argentina|Protected area|Characidae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114271,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PALYNOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CARBONIFEROUS SEQUENCE AT RÍO FRANCIA CREEK, PAGANZO BASIN, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Well-preserved palynological assemblages have been obtained from the Guandacol Formation at Río Francia Creek, Paganzo Basin, Argentina. The geological setting and stratigraphic provenance of the samples is provided. Forty-nine spore, twenty-three pollen and two algal species are identified. Some species are recognized for the first time from this unit, such as: Brevitriletes levis, B. leptoacaina,  Lundbladispora areolata, Peppersites ellipticus, Psomospora detecta, Rattiganispora apiculata and Retusotriletes nigritelus. These assemblages are  referred to Subzone A of the Raistrickia densa-Convolutispora muriornata Biozone, late Serpukhovian\u2013early Bashkirian in age. Palynological samples from the Tupe Formation at the same locality were studied in order to compare the composition of both units, which present a palynological composition similar to the associations recovered from the Guandacol Formation. Spelaeotriletes ybertii is restricted to the palynological assemblages of the Tupe Formation studied herein. It is noteworthy that both units lack taeniate pollen. Some species restricted  in this locality to the Guandacol Formation, have a wider stratigraphic distribution elsewhere. The only species from this unit that seems to  have biostratigraphic significance is Tricidarisporites gutii. A new species of trilete spores is proposed, i.e., Cyclogranisporites cuerdae sp. nov.  from the Tupe Formation.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|Guandacol Formation|Tupe Formation|Carboniferous"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114272,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High-precision late Aptian Pb\/U age for the Punta del Barco Formation (Baqueró Group), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina","resumen":"The Baqueró Group holds a rich fossil flora including macrofloristic and microfloristic remains that characterize the Early Cretaceous vegetation of Argentina. The age of the upper part of the Group, known as Punta del Barco Formation, has been a topic of several discussions in the past. The type locality of this stratigraphic unit exposes fossiliferous tuffs together with muddy tuffs and tuffaceous sandstones beds. However, there have been no reliable age constraints for the fossil assemblages.&nbsp;206Pb\/238U analyses of zircon crystals yielded an age of 114.67 ± 0.18 Ma. This age control makes possible an improved analysis and comparison of the floras in the southern region.","palabras_clave":"CRETACEOUS|APTIAN|PALEOBOTANY|GEOCHRONOLOGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114273,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Isolation and characterization of eight polymorphic microsatellite markers for the migratory characiform fish, Salminus brasiliensis","resumen":"Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized for the migratory freshwater fish Salminus brasiliensis (Characiformes) and tested on 67 individuals from nine geographically distant locations along the Paran´a Basin. The number of alleles per locus ranged from four to 14,with observed heterozygosity estimates ranging from 0.15 to 0.79.","palabras_clave":"DORADO|GENETIC MARKERS|PARANA BASIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114274,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of conspecific and heterospecific adults on riparian tree species establishment during encroachment of a humid palm savanna","resumen":"Woody plant encroachment of savanna ecosystems has been related to altered disturbance regimes, mainly fire suppression and herbivore exclusion. In contrast, neighbourhood interactions among resident and colonising woody species have received little attention, despite their likely influence on the pattern and rate of tree establishment. We examined how resident palm trees (Butia yatay) and established adults of two riparian forest tree species (Allophylus edulis and Sebastiania commersoniana) influenced seed arrival and seedling performance of the latter two species in a humid savanna of east-central Argentina. Seed traps and seedlings of both riparian species were placed in herbaceous openings, and beneath palm, conspecific and heterospecific adult trees in two unburned savanna patches, and were monitored for two years. Only seeds of the bird-dispersed Allophylus arrived in palm microsites, yet survival of Allophylus seedlings near adult palms was limited by animal damage through trampling and burrowing, a non-trophic mechanism of apparent competition. Seeds of both riparian species dispersed into conspecific microsites, although adult trees selectively reduced growth of conspecific seedlings, a pattern consistent with the \u201Cescape hypothesis\u201D. Further, survival of Sebastiania increased in the moister Allophylus microsites, suggesting a one-way facilitative interaction between woody colonisers. Our results indicate that dispersal facilitation by resident savanna trees may be critical to riparian species invasion after fire suppression. Distance-dependent effects of conspecific and heterospecific adult trees would contribute to shape the subsequent dynamics of woody seedling establishment. Overall, we show that indirect interactions can play a prominent role in savanna encroachment by non-resident woody species.","palabras_clave":"Apparent competition|Escape hypothesis|Facilitation|Forest expansion|Invasion"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114275,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Section Mimadenia: its phylogenetic \trelationships \twithin the genus Mimosa (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) using plastid trnL\u2013F sequence data","resumen":"Mimosa L. includes more than 530 species and is subdivided into five sections, including Mimadenia Barneby, Batocaulon DC., Habbasia DC., Calothamnos Barneby and Mimosa. It has previously been proposed that Mimosa is derived from piptadenioid ancestors and that section Mimadenia is a morphological group intermediate between the piptadenoid ancestor and the remaining species from Mimosa. The main goals of the present study were to assess the monophyly of the genus Mimosa as it is currently described, including representatives of all five sections, test the previous evolutionary hypothesis that section Mimadenia is primitive within Mimosa and discuss the infrageneric classification from a phylogenetic view. We report a phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast nucleotide sequences of the trnL intron and the trnL\u2013trnF intergenic spacer from 36 species of Mimosa, and six related genera. Our analysis indicated that genus Mimosa is monophyletic, and the species of section Mimadenia constitute a clade sister to the rest of the genus. Although section Mimadenia, as described by Barneby (1991), seems to be monophyletic, the remaining sections Barneby (1991) proposed are not resolved as monophyletic. An effort needs to be made towards a new infrageneric classification of Mimosa that considers the phylogenetic evidence. \/","palabras_clave":"cpDNA|Mimadenia|Mimosa|Leguminosae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114276,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Karyotype studies in Mimosa (Mimosoideae, Leguminosae) from Southern South America and ecological and taxonomic relationships","resumen":"In this work we studied the chromosome number and karyotype formula of seven species of Mimosa L. (Mimosoideae, Leguminosae). The chromosome number 2n = 2x = 26 for M. detinens Benth., M. hexandra M. Micheli, M. ostenii Speg. ex Burkart and M. xanthocentra Mart. var. mansii (Benth.) Barneby are new records, while the chromosome number 2n = 2x = 26 for M. debilis var. debilis, M. urugüensis Hook. and Arn. and M. uliginosa Chodat and Hassl. confi rm previous records. Karyotype formulae revealed the existence of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes, and the chromosomal asymmetry indexes did not show significant differences between taxa. The chromosome length of xerophilous and endemic M. detinens and M. ostenii differed from the rest of species, indicating that this parameter could have taxonomic value. In addition, the relationship between total chromosome length and climatic parameters showed that diploid species of marginal areas of distribution have a larger chromosome size, and that this could be related with mechanisms of ecological adaptation.","palabras_clave":"Chromosome|Cytogenetics|Karyotype|Leguminosae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114277,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"C-filtered modules and proper costratifying systems","resumen":"Abstract. In this paper we define and study the notion of a proper costratifying system, which is a generalization of the so-called propercostandard modules to the context of stratifying systems. The propercostandard modules were defined by V. Dlab in his study of quasi-hereditary algebras (see [D1]).costratifying system, which is a generalization of the so-called propercostandard modules to the context of stratifying systems. The propercostandard modules were defined by V. Dlab in his study of quasi-hereditary algebras (see [D1]).costratifying system, which is a generalization of the so-called propercostandard modules to the context of stratifying systems. The propercostandard modules were defined by V. Dlab in his study of quasi-hereditary algebras (see [D1]).In this paper we define and study the notion of a proper costratifying system, which is a generalization of the so-called propercostandard modules to the context of stratifying systems. The propercostandard modules were defined by V. Dlab in his study of quasi-hereditary algebras (see [D1]).","palabras_clave":"artin algebra|modules|stratifying systems"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114278,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"APLICACIÓN DE PROCESOS FÍSI COS PARA LA DEPURACIÓN DE MINERAL DE VERMICULITA DE UN YACIMIENTO DE ARGENTINA","resumen":"El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la aplicación de distintos métodos de disgregación y separación paralograr una depuración de la vermiculita y de ese modo también mejorar la expansión térmica. Como primerpaso, se realizaron determinaciones químicas y mineralógicas de las muestras. Se aplicaron distintosprocesos de disgregación con el objeto de liberar las impurezas retenidas entre los paquetes de mica sinreducir de tamaño a las láminas. Los procesos de disgregación y separación fueron tanto en vía húmeda como en seco. Al finalizar esta operación los productos se clasificaron en clases granulométricas cerradas: malla 10 (gruesa), 30 (media) y \u201330 (fina), que se sometieron a ensayos de expansión en forma separada en mufla analizándose una serie de variables que influyen en el proceso: granulometría de disgregación,tiempo de expansión y temperatura. Las pruebas de expansión térmica a escala laboratorio se cuantificaron a través de un coeficiente de expansión. Los tiempos óptimos de expansión térmica se encuentran entre 60 y 100 segundos, la temperatura para lograr la mayor expansión sin el quemado de las placas está entre 700 y900 °C. Los estudios de laboratorio permitieron determinar que la disgregación en húmedo (atricionamiento) no es el adecuado porque promueve la sobremolienda de las placas de vermiculita. La disgregación en seco combinada con separación neumática es el método más eficiente de depuración. Los ensayos de expansión térmica y el conteo mineralógico son coincidentes en este sentido. Con este tratamiento se logra un alto porcentaje de partículas libres y los mejores indicadores de expansión térmica.","palabras_clave":"DISGREGACIÓN|SÍLICE|COEFICIENTE DE EXPANSIÓN|DENSIDAD RELATIVA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114279,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity","resumen":"?@The number of undescribed species of lichenized fungi has been estimated at roughly 10,000. Describing and cataloging these would take the existing number of taxonomists several decades; however, the support for taxonomy is in decline worldwide. In this paper we emphasize the dire need for taxonomic expertise in lichenology. We bring together 102 colleagues from institutions worldwide to describe a total of 100 new species of lichenized fungi, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The newly described species are: Acarospora flavisparsa, A. janae, Aderkomyces thailandicus, Amandinea maritima, Ampliotrema cocosense, Anomomorpha lecanorina, A. tuberculata, Aspicilia mansourii, Bacidina sorediata, Badimia multiseptata, B. vezdai, Biatora epirotica, Buellia sulphurica, Bunodophoron pinnatum, Byssoloma spinulosum, Calopadia cinereopruinosa, C. editae, Caloplaca brownlieae, C. decipioides, C. digitaurea, C. magnussoniana, C. mereschkowskiana, C. yorkensis, Calvitimela uniseptata, Chapsa microspora, C. psoromica, C. rubropulveracea, C. thallotrema, Chiodecton pustuliferum, Cladonia mongkolsukii, Clypeopyrenis porinoides, Coccocarpia delicatula, Coenogonium flammeum, Cresponea ancistrosporelloides, Crocynia microphyllina, Dictyonema hernandezii, D. hirsutum, Diorygma microsporum, D. sticticum, Echinoplaca pernambucensis, E. schizidiifera, Eremithallus marusae, Everniastrum constictovexans, Fellhanera borbonica, Fibrillithecis sprucei, Fissurina astroisidiata, F. nigrolabiata, F. subcomparimuralis, Graphis caribica, G. cerradensis, G. itatiaiensis, G. marusa, Gyalideopsis chicaque, Gyrotrema papillatum, Harpidium gavilaniae, Hypogymnia amplexa, Hypotrachyna guatemalensis, H. indica, H. lueckingii, H. paracitrella, H. paraphyscioides, H. parasinuosa, Icmadophila eucalypti, Krogia microphylla, Lecanora mugambii, L. printzenii, L. xanthoplumosella, Lecidea lygommella, Lecidella greenii, Lempholemma corticola, Lepraria sekikaica, Lobariella sipmanii, Megalospora austropacifica, M. galapagoensis, Menegazzia endocrocea, Myriotrema endoflavescens, Ocellularia albobullata, O. vizcayensis, Ochrolechia insularis, Opegrapha viridipruinosa, Pannaria phyllidiata, Parmelia asiatica, Pertusaria conspersa, Phlyctis psoromica, Placopsis imshaugii, Platismatia wheeleri, Porina huainamdungensis, Ramalina hyrcana, R. stoffersii, Relicina colombiana, Rhizocarpon diploschistidina, Sticta venosa, Sagenidiopsis isidiata, Tapellaria albomarginata, Thelotrema fijiense, Tricharia nigriuncinata, Usnea galapagona, U. pallidocarpa, Verrucaria rhizicola, and Xanthomendoza rosmarieae. In addition, three new combinations are proposed: Fibrillithecis dehiscens, Lobariella botryoides, and Lobariella pallida. Acarospora flavisparsa, A. janae, Aderkomyces thailandicus, Amandinea maritima, Ampliotrema cocosense, Anomomorpha lecanorina, A. tuberculata, Aspicilia mansourii, Bacidina sorediata, Badimia multiseptata, B. vezdai, Biatora epirotica, Buellia sulphurica, Bunodophoron pinnatum, Byssoloma spinulosum, Calopadia cinereopruinosa, C. editae, Caloplaca brownlieae, C. decipioides, C. digitaurea, C. magnussoniana, C. mereschkowskiana, C. yorkensis, Calvitimela uniseptata, Chapsa microspora, C. psoromica, C. rubropulveracea, C. thallotrema, Chiodecton pustuliferum, Cladonia mongkolsukii, Clypeopyrenis porinoides, Coccocarpia delicatula, Coenogonium flammeum, Cresponea ancistrosporelloides, Crocynia microphyllina, Dictyonema hernandezii, D. hirsutum, Diorygma microsporum, D. sticticum, Echinoplaca pernambucensis, E. schizidiifera, Eremithallus marusae, Everniastrum constictovexans, Fellhanera borbonica, Fibrillithecis sprucei, Fissurina astroisidiata, F. nigrolabiata, F. subcomparimuralis, Graphis caribica, G. cerradensis, G. itatiaiensis, G. marusa, Gyalideopsis chicaque, Gyrotrema papillatum, Harpidium gavilaniae, Hypogymnia amplexa, Hypotrachyna guatemalensis, H. indica, H. lueckingii, H. paracitrella, H. paraphyscioides, H. parasinuosa, Icmadophila eucalypti, Krogia microphylla, Lecanora mugambii, L. printzenii, L. xanthoplumosella, Lecidea lygommella, Lecidella greenii, Lempholemma corticola, Lepraria sekikaica, Lobariella sipmanii, Megalospora austropacifica, M. galapagoensis, Menegazzia endocrocea, Myriotrema endoflavescens, Ocellularia albobullata, O. vizcayensis, Ochrolechia insularis, Opegrapha viridipruinosa, Pannaria phyllidiata, Parmelia asiatica, Pertusaria conspersa, Phlyctis psoromica, Placopsis imshaugii, Platismatia wheeleri, Porina huainamdungensis, Ramalina hyrcana, R. stoffersii, Relicina colombiana, Rhizocarpon diploschistidina, Sticta venosa, Sagenidiopsis isidiata, Tapellaria albomarginata, Thelotrema fijiense, Tricharia nigriuncinata, Usnea galapagona, U. pallidocarpa, Verrucaria rhizicola, and Xanthomendoza rosmarieae. In addition, three new combinations are proposed: Fibrillithecis dehiscens, Lobariella botryoides, and Lobariella pallida. ","palabras_clave":"GLOBAL|TAXONOMY|LICHENS|DARWIN DECLARATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114280,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Nuevos registros de microlíquenes para el norte de Argentina","resumen":"Se presentan nuevos registros de microlíquenes para el norte de Argentina. Se incluyen comentarios de los siguientes taxones: Coniocarpon cinnabarinum (Arthoniaceae); Schistophoron tenue (Graphidaceae); Reimnitzia santensis (Thelotremataceae);  Phyllopeltula steppae (Peltulaceae);  Dichosporidium nigrocinctum,  Enterographa pallidella y Syncesia effusa (Roccellaceae) y Tylophoron crassiusculum (Caliciales, incertae sedis).","palabras_clave":"ARTHONIACEAE|THELOTREMATACEAE|GRAPHIDACEAE|PELTULACEAE|ROCCELLACEAE|TYLOPHORON"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114281,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Generation of cavities in silicon wafers by laser ablation using silicon nitride as sacrificial layer","resumen":"Throughout this investigation, experiments on laserablation with silicon (Si) wafers have been performed using siliconnitride (Si3N4) as a sacrificial layer to find the optimal fluence capable of removing the Si3N4, which allows the subsequent anisotropic etching in Si with potassium hydroxide. As a result, an alternative to the traditional micromachining techniques that require more steps and processing times has been introduced. The effect of the pulse numbers on Si wafers has been studied and it has been observed that when increasing the pulse numbers at the same fluence, the capacity of the pyramidal cavity formed was greater than using only one pulse at higher fluences.Microcavities were performed with a floating Si3N4layer. This happens to be very useful for the development of drug delivery systems and the manufacture of microarrays. Microcavities were also used as masters for the fabrication of microionizers in polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS).","palabras_clave":"Laserablation|Silicon wet etching|Microcavities"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114282,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Meteoritos y Astroblemas de la Patagonia Argentina","resumen":"Meteoritos. Quince meteoritos han sido hallados en el territoriopatagónico, con la curiosa particularidad de que en esta vasta región en unaúnica oportunidad ha sido recobrado uno al tiempo de verlo caer: el meteoritoUzcudún. Cráteres de impacto.El acceso masivo al programa GoogleEarth ha permitido un recorrido virtual desde el aire por los rinconesrecónditos de la Patagonia y descubrir, entre muchos otros rasgos, formas delpaisaje como, por ejemplo, estructuras circulares, y evaluar si ellascorresponden a bajos sin salida, cuencas endorreicas (típicas de esta región),maares o estructuras freatomagmáticas&nbsp;(muy frecuentes en ambientes basálticos como los de las mesetaspatagónicas), o, la más extraordinaria de todas las posibilidades: que pudieretratarse de cráteres de impacto de asteroides o cometa. Se presenta aquíuna veintena de posibles estructuras de impacto en Patagonia.Paradójicamente, los meteoritos encontrados en la Patagonia no puedenvincularse con ninguno de los cráteres conocidos&nbsp; o sospechados de serlo. No preocupa tanto quelos meteoritos no hayan producido sus propios cráteres de impacto (lo cual seexplica por una razón de tamaño) como el hecho de que no hayan sido halladostodavía en ninguna de las estructuras circulares revisadas los elementosdiagnósticos más directos de un impacto, como son los meteoritos. Hay mucho porhacer todavía. Encontrar la evidencia irrefutable es el desafío que nos quedapor cumplir.","palabras_clave":"meteoritos|astroblemas|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114283,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"METEORITE IMPACT CRATERS AND EJECTA IN SOUTH AMERICA: A BRIEF REVIEW","resumen":"Ver archivo adjunto","palabras_clave":"cráteres de impacto|Sudamérica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114284,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Age-related alterations in mitochondrial physiological parameters and nitric oxide production in synaptic and non-synaptic brain cortex mitochondria","resumen":"Brain aging has been associated with mitochondrialdysfunction and changes in nitric oxide levels. The aimof this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of synapticand non-synaptic mitochondria to aging-dependent dysfunction.State 3 respiratory rate and respiratory control were 43%and 33% decreased, respectively in brain cortex synaptosomesfrom 14-month-old animals, as compared with synaptosomesfrom 3-month-old mice. Respiratory rates were notsignificantly affected by aging in non-synaptic mitochondrialfractions. Mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with increasesof 84% and 38% in H2O2 production rates in braincortex synaptosomes and non-synaptic mitochondria, respectively,from 14-month-old mice, as compared with younganimals. Synaptic mitochondria seem to be more susceptibleto calcium insult in 14-month-old mice, as compared withnon-synaptic mitochondria, as measured by response ofboth types of fractions to calcium-induced depolarization.With aging, nitric oxide (NO) production was 44% and 27%decreased both in synaptosomal and non-synaptic mitochondrialfractions, respectively. The results of this study suggestthat with aging, mitochondrial function at the nerve terminalswould be more susceptible to suffer alterations by the constantcalcium changes occurring as a consequence of synapticactivity. Non-synaptic mitochondria would be more resistantto age-related dysfunction and oxidative damage.© 2011 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"aging|synaptosomes|non-synaptic mitochondria|nitric oxide"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114285,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Palaeoecology and Palaeoenvironments of Podocarp trees in the Ameghino Petrified Forest (Danian), Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"The Central Patagonia during the Early Paleocene epoch (Danian) was warm-temperate and dominated by evergreen coniferous forests. As an evidence of this type of flora abundant permineralized conifer woods and some dicot and palm compression leaves were found in Ameghino Petrified Forest. All the permineralized woods and large trunks are assigned to Podocarpoxylon mazzonii (Petriella, 1972) Müller-Stoll et Schultze-Motel, 1990. An estimated tree height of 17 \u2013 29 m was calculated on the basis of diameter measures. Based on 14 series and 169 rings, the mean ring width and Mean Sensitivity (MS) were 1.23 mm and 0.19 respectively. The growth rings are moderately wide, extremely uniform and complacent, indicating that the environment was favourable and constant without stress limiting for tree growth. Following the coniferous quantitative analysis outlined by Falcon-Lang, Podocarpoxylon mazzonii growth ring anatomy suggests that these trees have been an evergreen habit. Fossil flora, growth ring and sedimentological analyses suggest that this mostly evergreen coniferous forest developed under warm-temperate conditions without limiting factors","palabras_clave":"PATAGONIA|PALEOCENE|PETRIEFED WOOD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114286,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Semantic Framework for Evaluating Topical Search Methods","resumen":"The absence of reliable and efficient techniques to evaluate information retrieval systems has become a bottleneck in the development of novel retrieval methods. In traditional approaches users or hired evaluators provide manual assessments of relevance. However these approaches are neither efficient nor reliable since they do not scale with the complexity and heterogeneity of available digital information. Automatic approaches, on the other hand, could be efficient but disregard semantic data, which is usually important to assess the actual performance of the evaluated  methods. This article proposes to use topic ontologies and semantic  similarity data derived from these ontologies to implement an automatic semantic evaluation framework for information retrieval systems. The use of semantic similarity data allows to capture the notion of partial relevance, generalizing traditional evaluation metrics, and giving rise  to novel performance measures such as semantic precision and semantic harmonic mean. The validity of the approach is supported by user studies and the application of the proposed framework is illustrated with the evaluation of topical retrieval systems. The evaluated systems include a baseline, a supervised version of the Bo1 query refinement method  and two multi-objective evolutionary algorithms for context-based retrieval. Finally, we discuss the advantages of applying evaluation metrics that account for semantic similarity data and partial relevance over existing metrics based on the notion of total relevance.","palabras_clave":"EVALUATION FRAMEWORK|SEMANTIC SIMILARITY|TOPICAL SEARCH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114287,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new titanosaur sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North Patagonia, Argentina","resumen":"A new sauropod titanosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Anacleto Formation is described. Narambuenatitan palomoi gen. et sp. nov., is diagnosed by cranial and axial autapomorphies. The holotype, which represent a subadult individual, consists of the left premaxilla and maxilla, braincase, both quadrates, one cervical vertebrae, one dorsal vertebra, fragments of cervical and dorsal ribs, seventeen caudal vertebrae, caudal transverse processes, &nbsp;fragments of haemal arches, left sternal plate, right coracoid, left humerus, left ulnae, both pubes, iliac pedicel, proximal fragment of right ischia, and an &nbsp;femur. The phylogenetic analysis indicates that Narambuenatitan is a non- incomplete left eutitanosaurian lithostrotian, and that it shares with Epachthosaurus a neural spine in middle caudal vertebrae which are laminar and posteriorly elongated.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"SAUROPODA|TITANOSAURIA|PHYLOGENY|UPPER CRETACEOUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114288,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Análisis cuantitativo de la segregación por pobreza en el núcleo Gran Resistencia- Gran Corrientes. Una mirada a través del Índice de Privación Material de los Hogares","resumen":"    El Índice de Privación Material de los Hogares (IPMH) utilizado en el Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda de 2001, es un indicador complejo que permite medir las privaciones de los hogares en diferentes grados de desagregación geográfica. Asimismo, al aplicarlos en las ciudades del Gran Resistencia y Gran Corrientes, muestra las diferencias existentes según los tipos de privaciones y las disparidades en la distribución espacial del fenómeno en ambos ámbitos urbanos.    El trabajo propone una comparación cuantitativa de la segregación por pobreza en el eje Gran Resistencia- Gran Corrientes utilizando como principal fuente el IPMH. Se utilizan los índices que miden diferentes dimensiones de la segregación, para reconocer si existe una desigual distribución de los hogares pobres, si los hogares carenciados se distribuyen en unidades espaciales inmediatamente contiguas y por ende que ciudad tendría una mayor concentración de áreas segregadas por pobreza.  Con esta investigación, se planea contribuir al conocimiento de la segregación por condiciones de pobreza, en ciudades intermedias del Nordeste Argentino","palabras_clave":"POBREZA|SEGREGACIÓN|GRAN RESISTENCIA |CORRIENTES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114289,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of dislocation glide on the spinodal decomposition of fatigued duplex","resumen":"The present work is focused on assessing the influence of dislocation movement on spinodal decomposition through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis in aged duplex stainless steel (DSS) S32750. Dislocation bands and icrobands are the prominent dislocation arrangements observed in fatigue tested aged samples. By EDS measurements it was found that the spinodal decomposition was dissolved inside these dislocations structures. Therefore, the mechanism of microband formation developed in the ferritic phase during cycling seems to be responsible for the demodulation of the spinodal decomposition and cyclic softening of the aged DSS.","palabras_clave":"DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL|SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION|FATIGUE|DISLOCATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114290,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Applicability of the 9Be(d,n)10B  reaction to AB-BNCT skin and deep tumor treatment","resumen":"In therangeoflowbombardingenergies(lessthanabout1.5MeV)the 9Be(d,n)10B reactionproducesneutronspectrathatcanbemoderateddependingonthechoiceofthetargetthicknessandthedeuteronbombardingenergy.Inthiswork,aMonteCarlosimulationstudytodeterminethecapabilityof thisreactiontodeliverenoughdosetoefficientlycontrolbothskinanddeepseatedtumorshasbeenperformedbymeansofMCNPcalculationsusingeightoptimized 9Be targets.","palabras_clave":"Accelerator-based BNCT|9Be(d,n)10B reaction|Monte-carlo-simulations|Beam-shaping-assembly"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114291,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Treatment Planning Capability Assessment of a Beam Shaping Assembly for Accelerator Based-BNCT","resumen":"Within theframeofanongoingprojecttodevelopafoldedTandem-Electrostatic-QuadrupoleacceleratorfacilityforAccelerator-BasedBoronNeutronCaptureTherapy(AB-BNCT)atheoreticalstudywasperformedtoassessthetreatmentplanningcapabilityofdifferentconfigurationsofanoptimizedbeamshapingassemblyforsuchafacility.InparticularthisstudyaimsatevaluatingtreatmentplansforaclinicalcaseofGlioblastoma.","palabras_clave":"Accelerator-based BNCT|Beam shaping assembly|Treatment planning"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114292,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Computational dosimetry of a simulated combined standard X-Rays and BNCT treatment","resumen":"There has been increasing interest in combining Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) with standard radiotherapy, either concomitantly or as a BNCT treatment of a recurrent tumor that was previously irradiated with a medical electron linear accelerator (LINAC). In this work we report the simulated dosimetry of treatments combining X-rays and BNCT","palabras_clave":"BNCT|LINAC|MCNP|NCTPlan"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114293,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio de la función ventricular y su correlación con la morfometría en pacientes con estenosis aórtica grave sintomática","resumen":"Resumen no disponible","palabras_clave":"FUNCIÓN VENTRICULAR|MORFOMETRÍA|ESTENOSIS AÓRTICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114294,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Conformational properties of F2S=N-CF2-N=SF2 and F2S=N-CF2-N=S(O)F2: Vibrational spectra and quantum chemical calculations","resumen":"The structural and conformational properties of F2S=N-CF2-N=SF2 and F2S=N-CF2-N=S(O)F2 were studied by vibrational spectroscopy (IR(gas) and Raman(liquid)) and by quantum chemical calculations,using B3LYP and MP2 methods with small and large basis sets. Since the SF2 and S(O)F2 groups can adopt syn (s) or anti (a) position (syn\/anti of the F-S-F bisector with respect to the adjacent N-C bond) and the orientation around the two N-C bonds can be trans (t) or gauche (g), a large number of possible conformers is expected. In the case of F2S=N-CF2-N=SF2 calculations with large basis sets predict the presence of a single conformer with both SF2 groups in syn position and gauche orientation around both N-C bonds(s?g?g?s conformer). This is confirmed by the vibrational spectra. For F2S=N-CF2-N=S(O)F2 analysis of the vibrational spectra in combination with the quantum chemical calculations suggests the predominanceof the s?g?t?s conformer, i.e. syn position of SF2 and S(O)F2 groups, gauche orientation around one NAC bond and trans orientation around the other NAC bond, and the presence of a smaller amounts of the s?t?g?s and s?g?g?s conformers.","palabras_clave":"INFRARED|RAMAN|SULFUR-NITROGEN|CONFORMER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114295,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Formation of XNCO species (X = F, Cl) through matrix -isolation photochemistry of XSO2NCO molecules","resumen":"The photochemistries of the molecules ClSO2NCO and FSO2NCO isolated in solid argon matrices at &#8764;10 K have been investigated. After photolysis of the matrices with broad-band UV\u2013visible radiation (200 &#8804; l &#8804; 800 nm) the products were identified by their IR spectra. ClSO2NCO decomposes in two steps. In the first place, the photolysis gives a 1:1 molecular complex between SO2 and ClNCO. In the second step, ClNCO decomposes in different parallel photochemical channels to give ClNO, NO, CO and the ClCO· radical, while SO2, transformed from a complexed to an uncomplexed form, remains stable on photolysis. The SO2:ClNCO molecular complex was theoretically investigated by ab initio and DFT methods. Based on the comparison with the experimental findings, a structure in which the lone pair of one of the oxygen atoms of the SO2 unit interacts with the unoccupied *Cl\u2013N orbital of ClNCO was proposed. On the other hand, FSO2NCO remains almost photostable when exposed to similar conditions, with the only formation of FNCO and CO in very small proportions.2NCO and FSO2NCO isolated in solid argon matrices at &#8764;10 K have been investigated. After photolysis of the matrices with broad-band UV\u2013visible radiation (200 &#8804; l &#8804; 800 nm) the products were identified by their IR spectra. ClSO2NCO decomposes in two steps. In the first place, the photolysis gives a 1:1 molecular complex between SO2 and ClNCO. In the second step, ClNCO decomposes in different parallel photochemical channels to give ClNO, NO, CO and the ClCO· radical, while SO2, transformed from a complexed to an uncomplexed form, remains stable on photolysis. The SO2:ClNCO molecular complex was theoretically investigated by ab initio and DFT methods. Based on the comparison with the experimental findings, a structure in which the lone pair of one of the oxygen atoms of the SO2 unit interacts with the unoccupied *Cl\u2013N orbital of ClNCO was proposed. On the other hand, FSO2NCO remains almost photostable when exposed to similar conditions, with the only formation of FNCO and CO in very small proportions.","palabras_clave":"Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate|Fluorosulfonyl isocyanate|Matrix-isolation|Photochemistry|IR spectroscopy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114296,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Los consorcios de exportación como estrategia de inserción internacional. Caso de Estudio: Grupo Asociativo de Productores de Maquinaria Agrícola (GAPMA), Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.","resumen":"Resumen: En el contexto de las transformaciones económicas, tecnológicas y políticas de las últimas décadas, las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs) necesitan adquirir nuevas herramientas para su desarrollo e internacionalización.  En tal sentido, el presente trabajo centra su análisis en los consorcios de exportación como una estrategia de inserción internacional y como un espacio para compartir experiencias, información y conocimientos, no sólo en materia de exportaciones, sino también en otras áreas de importancia para el desarrollo de las empresas.","palabras_clave":"ASOCIATIVISMO|EMPRESARIAL|CONSORCIOS|INTERNACIONALIZACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114297,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Photodynamic Effects of Pterin on HeLa Cells","resumen":"    Pterins (Ptr), heterocyclic compounds widespread in biological systems, participate in relevant biological processes and are able to act as photosensitizers. In the present study, we ascertained that 2-aminopteridin-4(3H)-one, or Ptr is readily incorporated into and &#8260; or onto cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and that these cells die upon UV-A irradiation of Ptr. Cell death was assessed using two tests: (1) the Rhodamine 123 fluorescence assay for mitochondrial viability and (2) the Trypan Blue assay for membrane integrity. The data suggest that, for Ptr-dependent photoinitiated cell death, events related to mitochondrial failure precede those associated with the failure of the cell membrane.H)-one, or Ptr is readily incorporated into and &#8260; or onto cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and that these cells die upon UV-A irradiation of Ptr. Cell death was assessed using two tests: (1) the Rhodamine 123 fluorescence assay for mitochondrial viability and (2) the Trypan Blue assay for membrane integrity. The data suggest that, for Ptr-dependent photoinitiated cell death, events related to mitochondrial failure precede those associated with the failure of the cell membrane.","palabras_clave":"PTERIN |SINGLET OXIGEN|CELL DEATH|,PHOTOSENSITIZER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114298,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Importando la torre al barrio. Procesos de densificación intensiva en la periferia metropolitana de Buenos Aires","resumen":"La explotación intensiva de áreas urbanas de baja ocupación constituye un vector que permite indagar acerca de las lógicas que operan en los procesos de transformación de la ciudad consolidada y en la identificación de actores y políticas urbanas involucradas. Este artículo trata de caracterizar los cambios urbanos recientes, examinando los procesos de tomas de decisiones en torno de la construcción de edificios en torre a partir de la mirada sobre un caso testigo. Y apunta a contribuir a la comprensión de los mecanismos de producción y gestión urbana, los intereses en juego y la red de actores que habilitan una densificación intensiva.","palabras_clave":"Ciudad consolidada|Nuevas urbanizaciones|Mecanismos de transformación|Explotación intensiva"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114299,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Human lice show photopositive behaviour to white light","resumen":"We studied the behavioural response of body lice and head lice to white light. We also evaluated the influence of starvation and the presence of other individuals on this response. Experiments were performed in a rectangular arena, half of which was illuminated and the other half kept in the dark. Two experiments were performed: in the first, a single louse was released into the arena for 60 min and the percentage of time spent in the illuminated half was recorded; in the second experiment, a group of lice was released and the number of insects in the illuminated half was recorded. The results showed that the average number of lice and time spent in the illuminated side of the arena was statistically higher than for the controls. Starvation did not influence the reaction of lice, but the number of insects in the illuminated area did increase with the size of the group. This study shows that human lice are photopositive towards white light and that this behaviour is not affected by the nutritional state of the insects. Moreover, it is enhanced by the presence of other lice.","palabras_clave":"Phthiraptera|Phototaxis|Behaviour|Pediculus humanus humanus|Pediculus humanus capitis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114300,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adaptation of the repellency response to DEET in Rhodnius prolixus","resumen":"For many years it has been accepted that DEET interferes with the detection of odours from the host instead of having a repellent effect. However, recent work showed that DEET acts as an odorant molecule and elicits a behavioural response in the absence of other stimuli. Therefore, DEET must promote some phenomenon connected with the stimuli-sensory system interaction, such as a sensory adaptation, where the sensory system regulates its sensitivity to different stimuli intensities during continuous or repetitive exposure. In this work, we studied different aspects of the insect-DEET interaction through behavioural observations. Previous exposure of fifth instar Rhodnius prolixus nymphs to DEET decreased the behavioural response to this repellent. We observed a decrease in repellence after different times of continuous stimulation with DEET in a time-dependent manner. The response to DEET was recovered 10 min after exposure, when insects were continuously stimulated during 5 or 10 min; maximum repellence was recovered 20 min after exposure when insects were stimulated for 20 min. DEET produced a repellent effect when nymphs were exposed only to its vapours. These results suggest that exposure to DEET produces adaptation in R. prolixus nymphs, and that the behavioural response elicited by DEET occurs via olfaction when no other stimuli are present.","palabras_clave":"RHODNIUS PROLIXUS|DEET|SENSORIAL ADAPTATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114301,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multi-Domain Model for Electric Traction Drives Using Bond Graphs","resumen":"In this work the Multi-Domain model of an electric vehicle is developed. The electric domain model consists on the traction drive and allows including faults associated with stator winding. The thermal model is based on a spatial discretization. It receives the power dissipated in the electric domain, it interacts with the environment and provides the temperature distribution in the induction motor. The mechanical model is a half vehicle model. Given that all models are obtained using the same approach (Bond Graph) their integration becomes straightforward. This complete model allows simulating the whole system dynamics and the analysis of electrical\/mechanical\/thermal interaction. First, experimental results are aimed to validate the proposed model. Then, simulation results illustrate the interaction between the different domains and highlight the capability of including faults.","palabras_clave":"Bond Graph|Electric Vehicle|Induction Motor|Multi-Domain Modeling"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114302,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phenolic compound production by Larrea divaricata Cav. plant cell cultures and effect of precursor feeding.","resumen":"This paper summarizes progress made in using Larrea divaricata Cav. cell cultures for the production of the cytotoxic lignan nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and the phenylpropanoids p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and sinapyl alcohol. In order to improve the biomass formation and production of these phenolic compounds, four precursors (l-phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid) were fed to L. divaricata cell cultures. Feeding l-phenylalanine (0.5, 1 and 3 mM) resulted in an increase of NDGA of up to 301.35 ± 1.19, 285.23 ± 28.44 and 190.53 ± 19.50 &#956;g\/g DW. The addition of 0.5 &#956;M cinnamic acid enhanced the cell culture growth, but not the NDGA production. When cinnamic acid (1 and 1.5 &#956;M), ferulic acid (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM) and sinapic acid (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM) were added, the media became too toxic for the cells, and the production of NDGA and the phenylpropanoids was suppressed. The content of p-coumaric acid in the medium supplemented with 3 mM l-phenylalanine increased from 47.43 ± 9.01 to 1157.28 ± 47.79 &#956;g\/g DW, whereas the sinapyl alcohol content was not affected by any of the precursors tested, presenting similar values to the control medium.","palabras_clave":"Phenolic compound|effect of precursor feeding|production by Larrea divaricata|plant cell cultures"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114303,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Municipio y Nación. Servicios públicos, símbolos y rituales durante el peronismo (Rosario 1943-1955)","resumen":"El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar la manera en que el peronismo transformó el Estado Central en un Estado Nacional y Peronista, a través de una política de centralización y control de los gobiernos locales, tomando como estudio de caso la ciudad de Rosario. El análisis de los procesos de nacionalización de servicios públicos, anteriormente concesionados por el municipio, permite explorar los alcances y límites de la planificación peronista. Mediante el análisis de la producción de un sistema simbólico peronista y peronizante (además de exponer las contradicciones de ese proyecto nacionalizador-centralizador) se ha visualizado en rituales y efemérides el lubricante simbólico de esa máquina sociocultural. El nacionalismo material peronista fue sostenido por esa producción de sentido, capaz de conformar lo que P. Bourdieu denominó sociodicea.","palabras_clave":"Municipio|Peronismo|nacionalismo|Estado|poder simbólico|Argentina|siglo XX"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114304,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reseña  Carman, María: Las trampas de la naturaleza.Medio ambiente y segregación en Buenos Aires.","resumen":"Los espacios de segregación espacial, material y simbólica en las ciudades capitalistas constituyen uno de los nudos problemáticos más discutidos en los últimos tiempos. Las condiciones de vulnerabilidad detectadas en los pobladores de estos espacios son examinadas por múltiples estudios. Fundamentalmente sociólogos y antropólogos abordaron estos temas desde perspectivas diferentes. María Carman escoge una entrada problemática a estos procesos privilegiando un análisis de la configuración simbólica de discursos y prácticas. Éstos participan en la etiquetación y consolidación de creencias o consideraciones sobre los habitantes de unos bordes concretos o simbólicos.","palabras_clave":"NATURALEZA|CIUDAD|SEGREGACION|ESTADO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114305,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Searching for local biocatalysts: Bioreduction of aldehydes using plant roots of the Province of Córdoba (Argentina)","resumen":"A screening for the capacity of wild plants growing in the Province of Córdoba to bioreduce benzaldehyde was carried out. From this study, thirteen species showed quantitative reduction yields to benzyl alcohol, with C. maculatum showing the best reduction efficiency. This plant was also tested against different substituted benzaldehydes, and quantitative yields of substituted benzylic alcohols were obtained, except for Vanillin, where only 27% of vanillic alcohol was formed (main product: 2-methoxyphenol at a 73% yield). A scaling study of the reaction using C. maculatum and benzaldehyde was carried out, and it was observed that high substrate-catalyst relationships reduced the efficiency of the reaction due to side reactions of oxidation.The bioreduction method presented here permits substituted benzylic alcohols to beobtained using an environmentally friendly methodology, with excellent yields produced on a laboratory scale","palabras_clave":"BIOCATALYSIS|BIOREDUCTION|C. MACULATUM|AROMATIC ALDEHYDES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114306,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Geología e hidrolitología de la cuenca del Arroyo Langueyú, Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina)","resumen":"El objetivo general del trabajo es la caracterización geológica y su correlato con las propiedades hidráulicas de las rocas y sedimentos de la cuenca del arroyo Langueyú. A partir del abordaje analítico y explicativo regional de los componentes físicos como la estratigrafía, geología estructural y geomorfología, se describen los límites y características del sistema hídrico en esta zona. Desde el punto de vista estratigráfico, la cuenca está formada por un basamento cristalino de edad precámbrica y una cubierta sedimentaria cenozoica. Estos materiales se corresponden con los ámbitos hidrolitológicos de fisuras y poroso clástico, respectivamente. Se concluye que el sistema presenta comportamientos netamente diferenciados de acuerdo a los sectores definidos por particularidades geológicas y geomorfológicas (serranías, piedemonte y llanura).","palabras_clave":"HIDROGEOLOGÍA|GEOMORFOLOGÍA|CUENCA DEL ARROYO LANGUEYÚ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114307,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Tulostoma domingueziae sp. nov. from Polylepis australis woodlands in Co´ rdoba Mountains, central Argentina","resumen":"The new species, Tulostoma domingueziae,  is described and illustrated. It was found in Polylepis  australis woodlands in central Argentinean highlands.  Tulostoma domingueziae is characterized by the  combination of a warty exoperidium, contorted stipe  covered by thin scales that break off, mouth slightly  projected and the socket with up to six dentate  hanging membranes. DNA sequence data demonstrated  that T. domingueziae is distinct from Tulostoma  species for which sequence data are available.","palabras_clave":"altitudinal woodlands|diversity|ITS|nuc-LSU-rDNA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114308,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tras las huellas de un paper: orígenes, desarrollo e impacto de las publicaciones en colaboración entre Argentina y España","resumen":"RESUMEN  Este estudio analiza las actividades de cooperación científica internacional a partir del seguimiento de un artículo de investigación. Se presenta el caso de las publicaciones en co-autoría entre investigadores de Argentina y España, recogidas en la base de datos Web of Science. Para profundizar en el conocimiento del proceso de producción científica se ha elaborado una metodología que consta de dos fases: un estudio bibliométrico y una encuesta. La primera parte analiza la evolución, especialización e impacto de las publicaciones conjuntas. La segunda, se centra en una encuesta realizada a los propios autores de esas publicaciones para conocer el origen de la colaboración, su desarrollo y la percepción sobre los resultados obtenidos. El cruce de datos obtenidos en ambas etapas ofrece una visión novedosa tanto a nivel metodológico como de resultados, ya que permite conocer aspectos diversos sobre el proceso de producción de una publicación científica que muchas veces queda oculto al ser estudiado únicamente desde una perspectiva bibliométrica.","palabras_clave":"COOPERACION CIENTIFICA|CO-AUTORIA|ENCUESTA A INVESTIGADORES|ARGENTINA-ESPAÑA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114309,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Observatorio IUNE: una nueva herramienta para el seguimiento de la actividad investigadora del sistema universitario español","resumen":"Los rankings de universidades se han convertido en una herramienta de gran interés para la evaluación de la actividad de las instituciones de educación superior. A pesar del importante desarrollo y crecimiento de los rankings internacionales, en el ámbito español aún persisten algunas limitaciones que dificultan el análisis de las actividades de las universidades. Para superar estas limitaciones y contribuir a su estudio, recientemente se ha creado un Observatorio para el Seguimiento de la Actividad Investigadora de la Universidad Española (IUNE). El objetivo central de este artículo es detallar las principales características de este observatorio, dar a conocer su filosofía, la metodología utilizada para la selección y elaboración de los indicadores elegidos y presentar los principales resultados obtenidos.","palabras_clave":"RANKING DE UNIVERSIDADES|AVALUACION DE LA ACTIVIDAD CIENTIFICA|OBSERVATORIO IUNE|UNIVERSIDADES ESPAÑOLAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114310,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New uses of the institutional databases of universities: indicators of research activity","resumen":"Abstract    This paper explores the characteristics of the institutional databases of six universities in three European countries (Italy, Spain and Switzerland). Its aim is to test the extent to which databases can be considered valuable sources for building positioning indicators to describe different profiles of university research activities, rather than their competitive position along the single dimensions of scientific production and academic reputation. Project results support the evidence that institutional databases are social constructs, able to show a representation of the research performance of the universities, which is strongly affected by the interests of the different communities, influencing their development and evolution. Databases can also be valuable sources, when used in combination with international ones and with other information sources, to put together a broad picture of academic institutions and their scientific efforts.","palabras_clave":"INSTITUTIONAL DATABASES|EVALUATION OF UNIVERSITIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114311,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First mention of Parvocalanus scotti (Früchtl, 1923) (Copepoda, Paracalanidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Northern  Argentinian waters).","resumen":"No posee.","palabras_clave":"COPEPODA|PARACALANIDAE|COASTAL WATERS|ARGENTINE SEA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114312,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Estimating flooded area and mean water level using active and passive microwaves: the example of Parana River Delta floodplain","resumen":"This paper describes a procedure to estimate both the fraction of flooded area and the mean water level in vegetated river floodplains by using a synergy of active and passive microwave signatures. In particular, C Band Envisat ASAR in Wide Scan mode and AMSR-E at X, Ku and Ka Band, are used. The method, which is an extension of previously developed algorithms based on passive data, exploits also model simulations of vegetation emissivity. The procedure is applied to a long flood event which occurred in the Paraná River Delta from December 2009 to April 2010. Obtained results are consistent with in situ measurements of river water level.","palabras_clave":"FLOODPLAIN|ACTIVE MICROWAVES|PASSIVE MICROWAVES|PARANÁ RIVER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114313,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Stimulating effect of sorbitol and xylitol on germination and growth of some xerophilic fungi","resumen":"          Sorbitol and xylitol are polyols often used in  foods as naturally occurring sugar substitutes. They provide sweet taste and reduced calories in products of  intermediate moisture. This type of food is susceptible to spoilage by xerophilic  moulds which affect shelf life of foods and produce significant losses. The aim  of the present work was to study the effect of glycerol, sorbitol and xylitol  on the germination and growth of four xerophilic fungi at different  temperatures and water activity levels. Penicillium  chrysogenum, Wallemia sebi, Eurotium  chevalieri and E. repens were  cultivated on malt extract agar with the addition of the respective polyols and  aw adjusted to 0.85, 0.88, 0.90 and 0.93. Incubation was made at 25,  30 and 35ºC.  Results of the present study demonstrated that sorbitol and xylitol affect the  growth kinetics of the four fungal species. The observed tendency was that  these solutes shortened the germination times and increased the growth rates. The  effect of each solute depended on the fungal species and the aw\/temperature  combinations. At lower aw the influence was more evident on the  germination times while the effect on growth rates was more pronounced at  higher aw levels.","palabras_clave":"GERMINATION|GROWTH|XEROPHILLIC FUNGI|XYLITOL SORBITOL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114314,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Argentinean Andean propolis associated with the medicinal plant Larrea nitida Cav. (Zygophyllaceae). HPLC-MS and GC-MS characterization and antifungal activity","resumen":"The chemical profile and botanical origin of Andean Argentinian propolis were studied by HPLC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS and GC\u2013MS techniques as well as the antifungal activity according to CLSI protocols. Dermatophytes and  yeasts tested were strongly inhibited by propolis extracts (MICs between 31.25 and 125 lg\/mL). The main antifungal compounds were: 30methyl-nordihydroguaiaretic acid (MNDGA) 1, nordihydroguaiaretic acid  (NDGA) 2 and a NDGA derivative 3, showing strong activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum and Microsporum gypseum (MICs between 15.6 and 31.25 lg\/mL). The lignans 1 and 2 showed activities  against clinical isolates of Candidas spp., Cryptococcus spp., T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes (MICs and MFCs between 31.25 and 62.5 lg\/mL). The lignan and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) profiles from propolis  matched with those of exudates of Larrea nitida providing strong evidences on its botanical origin. These results support that Argentinian Andean propolis are a valuable natural product with potential to improve  human health. Six compounds (1\u20136) were isolated from propolis for the first time, while compounds 1 and 3\u20136 were reported for first time as constituents of L. nitida Cav.","palabras_clave":"ARGENTINEAN ANDEAN PROPOLIS|LIGNANS|HPLC-ESI-MS\/MS|GC-MS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114315,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Distribución de desovantes y estimación de variables reproductivas del efectivo norteño de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) (35º-41º S) durante mayo de 2009","resumen":"Se analiza el desove y se estiman las variables reproductivas del efectivo norteño de merluza en mayo de 2009 a partir del estudio macroscópico e histológico de las gonadas. Esto incluye información sobre fecundidad, frecuencia de puesta, peso seco ovocitario y talla de primera madurez. Durante mayo de 2009 la actividad reproductiva del efectivo norteño de merluza tuvo lugar principalmente al norte de 37° S. El desove ocurrió en un rango de temperatura entre 9° C y 15° C, en coincidencia con un frente térmico de fondo. La talla de primera madurez evidenció diferencias entre machos (27,6 cm Lt) y hembras (32,84 cm Lt), y fue muy inferior a la registrada para este efectivo pesquero a principios de los años 80´. La frecuencia reproductiva estimada fue de un desove cada 13 días. La fecundidad parcial media en mayo de 2009 (764.545 ovocitos) fue mayor a la estimada in abril de 2003. Lo mismo ocurre con el peso seco ovocitario, en mayo de 2009 fue mayor al obtenido para el efectivo bonaerense en abril de 2003, lo que podría estar asociado con la composición de tamaños de cada grupo reproductivo.","palabras_clave":"Merluccius hubbsi|efectivo norteño|reproducción|histología|fecundidad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114316,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Descripción micro-anatómica del desarrollo de las larvas de Anchoíta y su aplicación en estudios de condición nutricional","resumen":"Diversos índices han sido empleados para caracterizar la condición nutricional en larvas de peces. Los criterios histológicos han demostrado ser confiables para diagnosticar la condición ya que involucran el estudio del aspecto de las células y la estructura e integridad de diferentes tejidos de las larvas. Sin embargo, debido a que el aspecto microscópico de los tejidos varía tanto como consecuencia de la condición nutricional como del estadio de desarrollo de las larvas, se hace necesario caracterizar las estructuras empleadas para diagnosticar sucondición nutricional y tener en cuenta el estadio de desarrollo de los ejemplares. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue una descripción micro-anatómica de los tejidos utilizados para determinar la condición nutricional de larvas de peces con larvas de Engraulis anchoita recolectadas en el mar Argentino. Se determinó un índice de condición histológica (ICH) para diferentes estadios de desarrollo de larvas de anchoíta, discriminándose entre los tejidos que muestran inanición sufrida a largo plazo y los que muestran inanición a corto plazo. Se observó una reducción en el ICH luego de la reabsorción del vitelo y hacia el final de la etapa larval. Los tejidos de corto plazomostraron mayor sensibilidad a pequeños cambios en la condición nutricional.","palabras_clave":"ANCHOITA|LARVAS|CONDICIÓN NUTRICIONAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114317,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Regulación del equilibrio osmótico y canales de K+ de espermatozoides humanos","resumen":"Durante el ascenso hacia el ovocito los espermatozoides se contactan con fluidos de diferentes osmolalidades. Se ha determinado que el espermatozoide experimenta un cambio de volumen para regular la variación osmótica. Durante el manejo estándar con técnicas de recuperación como el swim up, el espermatozoide es transferido desde el plasma seminal hipertónico a un medio de cultivo isotónico. Este procedimiento envuelve una transferencia de pequeñas moléculas osmóticamente activas (, Cl-, aniones orgánicos) y agua a través de canales sensibles al volumen. Existe evidencia de que el reto osmótico juega un rol fundamental en la adquisición de habilidad fecundante del espermatozoide. Hemos demostrado que los parámetros cinemáticos del movimiento son afectados significativamente por la quinina. Durante el manejo estándar de técnicas utilizadas in vitro, el espermatozoide es sometido a un cambio hipoosmótico luego de la eyaculación, y la posibilidad de regular el equilibrio osmótico mediante canales iónicos selectivos es crucial para restablecer la función espermática. El aumento en el volumen espermático fue acompañado por una reducción de la velocidad progresiva del patrón de movimiento. Se estima que el efecto del inhibidor se hace evidente en etapas de migración espermática, y no, durante la expresión de la capacidad fecundante., Cl-, aniones orgánicos) y agua a través de canales sensibles al volumen. Existe evidencia de que el reto osmótico juega un rol fundamental en la adquisición de habilidad fecundante del espermatozoide. Hemos demostrado que los parámetros cinemáticos del movimiento son afectados significativamente por la quinina. Durante el manejo estándar de técnicas utilizadas in vitro, el espermatozoide es sometido a un cambio hipoosmótico luego de la eyaculación, y la posibilidad de regular el equilibrio osmótico mediante canales iónicos selectivos es crucial para restablecer la función espermática. El aumento en el volumen espermático fue acompañado por una reducción de la velocidad progresiva del patrón de movimiento. Se estima que el efecto del inhibidor se hace evidente en etapas de migración espermática, y no, durante la expresión de la capacidad fecundante.","palabras_clave":"ESPERMATOZOIDES|OSMOLARIDAD|CANALES IÓNICOS|REACCION ACROSOMAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114318,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Salinity induced anatomical and morphological changes in Chloris gayana Kunth roots","resumen":"Chloris gayana Kunth is a grass species valuable as forage which was introduced into Argentina to be used as pasture in saline soils of subtropical and warm-temperate zones, given its good adaptability to drought, salinity and mild freezing. However, its tolerance varies according to the cultivar. In tetraploid cultivars, important reductions in yield have been observed. Here, a study of the variations produced on the root and stem system by salinity at different NaCl concentrations (0, 150 y 250 mM) was performed in the Boma cultivar, with the aim of determining the anatomical and morphological alterations produced by the salt excess. Plants cultivated with the highest level of salinity showed, in the whole, significant differences in the measured variables.  A diminution in absolute values of the variables and a major reduction in vascular tissue dimensions were observed, which suggests that the lack of tolerance to salt stress could be related to a deficient adaptation to absorb and transport water and nutrients from the roots.","palabras_clave":"ABIOTIC STRESS|TOLERANCE|VASCULAR TISSUE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114319,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dependence of Cm on the composition of solid binary propellants in ablative laser propulsion","resumen":"Propulsion pellets of different metal\/salt (Zn\/CaCO3) composition have been prepared. The impulse imparted to the pellet by the laser has been measured using two different methods: a torsion pendulum and a piezoelectric sensor. The dependence of the coupling coefficient, Cm, on the composition of the solid binary propellants in ablative laser propulsion has been investigated under different experimental conditions: in vacuum and at atmospheric pressure as well as with two different wavelengths, IR and UV. The composition of the Zn\/CaCO3 propellant mixture that optimizes the coupling coefficient, Cm, has been determined.      ","palabras_clave":"LASER PROPULSION|PROPELLANT|LASER ABLATION|COUPLING COEFFICIENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114320,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Wake flow stabilization with DBD plasma actuators for low Re numbers","resumen":"We propose to study the stability properties of a wake air flow forced by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) actuators. EHD actuators can add momentum to the flow around an object in regions close to the wall. Hence, we adopt the hypothesis of the forcing actuation modeled as a slip-wall condition.We study the flow around a cylinder modified by EHD actuators, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) type, by means of particle image velocimetry (PIV) measures. For the sake of simplicity we observed flows at low Reynolds(Re) numbers (~ 200) where the flow is mainly two-dimensional. As the forcing frequencies, characteristic of DBD, are much higher than the natural shedding frequency of the flow (kHz vs. Hz), we consider in this work only the forcing actuation as stationary. The actuators are disposed symmetrically near the boundary layer separation point. Thus, flow symmetry is conserved, as it remains weakly non parallel. This aspect allows us to perform stability analysis of the flow and to determine its characteristics which are governed by a strong mean flow correction. We also present results on the global mode evolution under forcing.The main motivation of this work is to optimize the forcing on the flow, leading to a more effective energy consumption of EHD actuators.","palabras_clave":"WAKE|PLASMA|STABILIZATION|CYLINDER"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114321,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Lon protease from the haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natrialba magadii is transcriptionally linked to a cluster of putative membrane proteases and displays DNA-binding activity","resumen":"The ATP-dependent Lon protease is universally distributed in bacteria, eukaryoticorganelles and archaea. In comparison with bacterial and eukaryal Lon proteases,the biology of the archaeal Lon has been studied to a limited extent. In this study,the gene encoding the Lon protease of the alkaliphilic haloarchaeon Natrialba mag-adii (Nmlon) was cloned and sequenced, and the genetic organization of Nmlon wasexamined at the transcriptional level. Nmlon encodes a 84 kDa polypeptide with apI of 4.42 which contains the ATPase, protease and membrane targeting domains ofthe archaeal-type LonB proteases. Nmlon is part of an operon that encodes mem-brane proteases and it is transcribed as a polycistronic mRNA in N. magadii cellsat different growth stages. Accordingly, NmLon was detected in cell membranes ofN. magadii throughout growth by Western blot analysis using speci&#64257;c anti-NmLonantibodies. Interestingly, in electrophoretic mobility shift assays, puri&#64257;ed NmLonbound double stranded as well as single stranded DNA in the presence of elevatedsalt concentrations. This &#64257;nding shows that DNA-binding is conserved in the LonAand LonB subfamilies and suggests that Lon\u2014DNA interaction may be relevant for itsfunction in haloarchaea.","palabras_clave":"NATRIALBA MAGADII"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114322,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CLARIS LPB WP5: Regional Climate Change assessments for La Plata Basin","resumen":"The CLARIS LPB Project aims at predicting the regional climate change impacts on La Plata Basin (LPB) in South America and at designing adaptation strategies for regional stakeholders. One of the main issues to achieve this objective relies on the development of ensembles of coordinated regional climate scenarios for dynamical downscaling over LPB. WP5 addresses two important components regarding the development of regional climate change scenarios for LPB: (a) performing an ensemble of coordinated regional scenarios; and (b) understanding the causes of uncertainties in regional model simulations. Results provided by WP5 represent the key input for other WPs, such as WP6 focused on&nbsp;&nbsp; evaluating extreme events, WP8 and WP9, focused on evaluating impacts on agriculture and hydrology. The main objective of WP5 is to better understand the regional effects of climate change and variability on various components of the hydrologic cycle of LPB, with emphasis on land surface-atmosphere feedbacks. The first challenge was to design a coordinated experiment to produce ensembles of regional simulations over South America in order to evaluate the capability of the state-of-the-art regional climate models (RCMs) in reproducing the observed climate and investigating the associated uncertainty. The second challenge is to perform an ensemble of coordinated regional scenarios for LPB at two time horizons (2010-2040 and 2070-2100) in order to evaluate the uncertainties in the future regional scenarios.","palabras_clave":"REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL|SOUTH AMERICA|CLIMATE CHANGE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114323,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impacts of land use changes over southern South American climate: a modeling study using the MM5 regional model","resumen":"Taking into account previous results and with the goal of understanding how the LULCC may affect the regional climate over southern South&nbsp; merica, ensembles of sensitivity experiments for an idealized land use scenario using the Fifth-generation Pennsylvania-State University- NCAR nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (MM5) (Grell et al., 1994) were performed with the aim of identifying the physical signal of the internal&nbsp; ariability inherent to the system due to LULCC. This study is a contribution to one of the objectives of the CLARIS-LPB Project concerning&nbsp; ssessing and quantifying the impact of land use change in climate change on the LPB. ","palabras_clave":"LAN USE CHANGE|SOUTH AMERICA|REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114324,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CLARIS LPB WP6:  Processes and Future  Evolution of Extreme  Climate Events in La Plata  Basin","resumen":"Extreme precipitation (wet or dry) over La Plata Basin (LPB) can cause intense damage in several sectors as agriculture and hydroelectricity, and also has an impact on urban areas due to flooding and landslides. Extreme temperatures (cold incursions or heat waves) have impact on agricultureand health. The frequency and intensity of extremes can vary in a warmer world, and there is a need to analyse the influence of climate change superimposed on natural climate variability. Therefore, the main objective of this working group is to elucidate the climate processes that are associated with extreme hydro-climate conditions over LPB region, considering both the role of the large scale forcing and the local interactions, and the way in which the frequency and intensity of such cases may change according to different projections of global climate change. The knowledge of extreme precipitation and extreme temperature frequency in the present climate and the projections for the future can provide useful information to the agriculture and hydrology sectors.","palabras_clave":"CLIMATE CHANGE|SOUTH AMERICA|EXTREME EVENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114325,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Searching for signals of magnetic lensing in ultra-high energy cosmic rays","resumen":"Ultra-high energy cosmic rays are mostly charged particles and they are therefore deflected by magnetic fields on their path from their sources to Earth. An interesting phenomenon arising from these deflections is the appearance of multiple images of a source, i.e. cosmic rays with the same energy coming from the same source that can arrive to the Earth from different directions. In this work we present a technique to identify secondary images, produced by the regular component of the galactic magnetic field, benefiting from the fact that near caustics the flux is significantly magnified.","palabras_clave":"ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS|COSMIC RAY THEORY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114326,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Novel Alkynylphosphonate Analogue of Calcitriol with Potent  Antiproliferative Effects in Cancer Cells and Lack of Calcemic Activity.","resumen":"Here, we describe the design and synthesis of diethyl [(5Z,7E)-(1S,3R)-1,3-dihydroxy-9,10-secochola-5,7,10(19)-trien-23-in-24-yl] phosphonate (compound  10), which combines the low calcemic properties of phosphonates with the decreased metabolic inactivation due to the presence of a triple bond in C-24 and studied its in vitro effects on several cancer cell lines and its in vivo effects on blood calcium levels. We demonstrate that this compound is a potent antiproliferative vitamin D analogue, showing lack of calcemic effects in vivo.","palabras_clave":"Vitamin D|Analogues|Cancer|hypercalcemia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114327,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of peptide-ligand interactions in open tubular capillary columns covalently modified with porphyrins","resumen":"The inner surface of fused-silica capillaries has been covalently modified with different porphyrins (deuteroporphyrin, complexes of deuteroporphyrin with metal ions Fe(III), Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)- meso\u2013tetra (carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) and it was applied for the separation of biologically active peptides by open-tubular capillary electrochromatography. Separations were performed in a mobile phase composed of 25 mM potassium phosphate, pH 4.0, 5% v\/v acetonitrile and 10 mM hydroquinone. Changes in the effective electrophoretic mobility of peptides were studied concerning porphyrin central metal atom, attachment geometry and the presence of coordinating or aromatic amino acid residues in the peptide sequence. The results showed that differences in metalcore on the porphyrin and the spatial conformation of attached porphyrin, result in changes in the analyte interaction with the stationary phase.","palabras_clave":"OPEN-TUBULAR CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY,|PEPTIDES|PORPHYRINS|SEPARATION TECHNIQUES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114328,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"POTENTIAL OF TRAMETES TROGII CULTURE FLUIDS AND ITS PURIFIED LACCASE FOR THE DECOLORIZATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF RECALCITRANT DYES WITHOUT THE ADDITION OF REDOX MEDIATORS","resumen":"Trametes trogii BAFC 463 culture fluids (containing 110 Uml_1 laccase; 0.94 Uml_1 manganese peroxidase), as well as its purified laccase were capable of decolorizing azoic, indigoid, triphenylmethane, anthraquinonic and heterocyclic dyes, in the absence of redox mediators. Six dyes: RBBR, Indigo Carmine, Xylidine, Malachite Green, Gentian Violet and Bromophenol Blue were almost completely degraded (more than 85% decolorization after 1 d) by either laccase or T. trogii itself in culture, proving the role of the enzyme in dye decolorization. The purified laccase also decolorized 65% of Fast Blue RR and 30% of Azure B and Methylene Blue after 24 h. The use of redox mediators significantly increased the decolorization rates (90% decolorization of Azure B after 1 h). 1-hydroxybenzotriazole resulted the best redox mediator, but the natural mediator p-hydroxybenzoic acid also demonstrated its efficiency for dye decolorization. Due to their ability to decolorize recalcitrant dyes without addition of redox mediators, high laccase activities, high thermostability and efficient decolorization at 70 _C and pH 7.0, even in the presence of high concentrations of heavy metals (100 mM Cuþ2, Pbþ2 or Cdþ2) or in a synthetic dyebath, T. trogii culture fluids could be effectively used to decolorize synthetic dyes from effluents. ","palabras_clave":"WHITE ROT FUNGI|LACCASE|REDOX MEDIATORS|DYE DECOLORIZATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114329,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ENZYME MIMIC OF HETEROBIMETALLIC CU(II) AND FE(III) TETRAPYRIDYLPORPHINE MODIFIED NANOPARTICLES","resumen":"The covalent binding of the porphyrin to immobilized gold nanoparticles resulted in a very useful and simple method to evaluate the absorption spectroscopy of a monolayer of porphyrins and the spectral changes produced by additional ligands. The layer by layer deposition showed no distinguishable porphyrin-related absorption bands whereas the direct simultaneous binding of porphyrins (Cu(II) and Fe(III) tetrapyridylporphine) to immobilized gold nanoparticles showed a significantly higher absorption band at 412 nm corresponding to the Soret band of the porphyrin ring. The ATR-FTIR spectra showed typical absorptions bands of porphyrin core at around 1000 cm&#8722;1 and 800 cm&#8722;1, which were only observed in the Cu(II) complex of TPyP\/AuNPs\u2013APTES\/SiO2 suggesting that the CuTPyP molecule is tilted with respect to the substrate surface. The presence of FeTPyP produces changes in the geometry of the adsorbed CuTPyP porphyrins, indicating a flat accommodation of the porphyrinic rings in FeTPyP\u2013CuTPyP composite that could be the reason of the differential tendency to include H2O2 as ligand. The difference UV\u2013visible spectra of the bimetallic structures showed a very sensitive response to H2O2 concentration with a Kapp 3.75 × 103M&#8722;1(R: 0.9865; Std E: 2.6 × 10&#8722;2) which was notoriously similar to Km value for peroxidase enzyme (2.5 × 103M&#8722;1). ","palabras_clave":"GOLD NANOPARTICLES| HETEROBIMETALLIC PORPHYRIN COMPLEXES|ENZYME MIMICS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114330,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of Flagellar Cysteine-Rich Sperm Proteins Involved in Motility, by the Combination of Cellular Fractionation, Fluorescence Detection, and Mass Spectrometry Analysis","resumen":"Mammalian sperm proteins undergo thiol group (SH) oxidation to form disulfides bonds (S-S)as they travel through the epididymis during cell maturation. Disulfide bonds are involved in chromatin condensation and tail organelle stabilization. In this work, we used a fluorescent thiol-selective labeling agent, monobromobimane (mBBr), to study the protein thiol status of rat sperm during maturation. Fluorescence signal decrease along the epididymal trip, more evidently in the head, but also in the tail, indicates that both sub cellular regions participate in the thiol changes. The sources of the fluorescence signal are sulfhydrils sperm proteins labeled by mBBr (mBBr-spp). Initial attempts to identify the mBBr-spp labeled were detected in the initial \u2013caput- but not in the distal \u2013cauda- segment of the epididymis in SDS-PAGE analysis. This phenomenon could be due to protein resistance to solubilization. For thiS reason, disulfide bond reduction was accomplished by sodium dodecyl sulphate plus dithiothreitol treatment to recover the mBBr signal in SDS-PAGE. Under this protocol, a major 27 kDa protein band displays a strong signal. Protein identification by mass spectrometry and sequence database searching correlated this protein with the outer dense fiber 1 (ODF1). The mBBr specifically bound to N-terminal domanin cysteine of ODF1. The mBBr reduces rat sperm motility, quantitatively and qualitatively, and the effects are dose dependent, without significantly increasing the percentage of dead sperm. Thus, we found that ODF1 is highly responsible for mBBr fluorescence detection in the sperm tail and the motility inhibition by the fluorescence marker indicates that ODF1 N-terminal domain are related to sperm motility.","palabras_clave":"SPERM|ODF|MONOBROMIBIMANE|THIOL STATUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114331,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Functional proteomics of neuropeptidome dynamics during the feeding process of Rhodnius prolixus","resumen":"In hematophagous insects, blood intake triggers a prompt response   mediated by neuropeptides, which regulates a variety of physiological   processes. Here we report a quantitative proteomic analysis of the   postfeeding response in the central nervous system of Rhodnius prolixus,   a vector of Chagas disease. The concentration of neuropeptides   NVP-like, ITG-like, kinin-precursor peptide, and neuropeptide-like   precursor 1 (NPLP1) significantly changes in response to blood intake.   We also performed a neuropeptidomic analysis of other feeding-related   organs, namely salivary glands and gut. We identified NPLP1 in salivary   glands and myosuppressin in midgut. This is the first report suggesting a   role for NPLP1, involving the peptides processed from this precursor in   the hormonal control of the production and\/or release of saliva. Our   results contribute to the understanding of the postprandial   neuroendocrine response in hematophagous and provide important   information for physiological and pharmacological studies aimed to the   design of next-generation insecticides such as peptidomimetics.","palabras_clave":"QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS|PEPTIDOMICS|RHODNIUS PROLIXUS|CHAGAS DISEASE |NEUROPEPTIDES|FEEDING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114332,"idioma_id":6,"titulo":"Determination of Heats of Tautomerization  Nitrile-Ketenimine by Mass Spectrometry","resumen":"Tautomerism of some nitriles has been studied by mass spectrometry. The analysis of the corresponding mass spectra has allowed to assign some fragmentations to specific tautomers and to determine heats of tautomerization through temperature effects and electron energy studies. Experimental determinations are supported by theoretical calculations. GAUSSIAN 03\/ DFT-B3LYP results indicate that this tautomeric equilibrium can be studied by the experimental spectrometric strategy and the theoretical methodology employed.","palabras_clave":"Mass Spectrometry|tautomerization|quantum chemical calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114333,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Reflexión bioética sobre la tecnología  reproductiva en parejas homosexuales","resumen":"El artículo de Andrew Solomon: \u201CMeet my real modern family\u201D, publicado en la revista Newsweek del 7\/2\/2011 amerita una reflexión crítica desde la perspectiva bioética, ya que las nuevas configuraciones familiares emergen como consecuencia de las prácticas médicas aplicadas en el campo de la reproducción asistida y del reconocimiento del matrimonio igualitario en nuestro país. Si bien es cierto que la mutua implicación entre oferta tecno \u2013 científica y demanda social fue corriendo progresivamente los límites de lo posible y de lo imaginable, nos encontramos hoy ante realidades que aún carecen de sustrato ético, legal y psicosocial. Qué sucede cuando una pareja lésbica recurre a un espermodonante gay conocido para realizar inseminaciones artificiales a una de ellas, naciendo luego una niña y un niño? ¿Y cuando ese mismo genitor se une en matrimonio igualitario con un hombre que ya es padre de una niña concebida mediante fertilización in vitro con una mujer amiga, evitando así el contacto heterosexual? ¿Y cuando luego de casarse los dos gays tienen un hijo propio mediante ovodonación y alquiler de útero, siendo la locadora la lesbiana que se había inseminado con el semen de la pareja del gay y la donante de ovocitos una voluntaria anónima? Si bien el feliz relato del autor coincide con la foto familiar integrada por los cuatro niños y las tres parejas conviviendo felices y en armonía, a los especialistas en reproducción asistida nos caben interrogantes, sobre:1) ¿qué tipo de infertilidad se está paliando en casos como éstos?2) ¿todo aquello que no está prohibido deberíamos considerarlo permitido?3) ¿qué tipo de relaciones legales, afectivas y sociales habilitan estas prácticas entre los padres, entre los padres y el entorno y entre los padres, su entorno y los hijos advenidos?Las reflexiones sobre estas nuevas familias homoparentales concretadas por la disponibilidad de la tecnología reproductiva, nos lleva a plantear si no sería conveniente limitar su aplicación hasta que se disponga de un marco regulatorio surgido de un debate inclusivo, fundado en una ética que se estructura en base al diálogo y la comunicación.","palabras_clave":"TECNOLOGÍA REPRODUCTIVA|INSEMINACIÓN|IDENTIDAD DE GÉNERO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114334,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Instrumental and sensory evaluation of cooked pasta during frozen storage","resumen":"Food consumption patterns have changed significantly during the last years, showing an increase in the consumption of convenience foods. Frozen foods represent an important segment of this market. The aim of the present paper was to study the influence of frozen storage on the quality of cooked organic tagliatelle. Instrumental measurements of different quality parameters (moisture content, colour, textural and rheological characteristics of frozen cooked pasta) were performed during twelve months of storage. The sensory properties of pasta were also evaluated by means of an acceptability study. In general, both instrumental and sensory analysis found that frozen storage affects negatively the acceptability of cooked pasta. The advantages obtained through fast freezing procedures are not maintained along storage, being hardness (instrumental) and consistency (sensory) the most relevant quality indices. Finally, the shelf life of the product was calculated as 3.6 and 3.8 months in the cryogenic device and air-blast tunnel, respectively, based on simple kinetic models.","palabras_clave":"COOKED PASTA|FROZEN FOODS|ORGANIC|SHELF LIFE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114335,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Commercial characterization of madalenas: Relationship between physical and sensory parameters","resumen":"The ability to produce high quality processed foods is essential in order to compete in a market were consumers have exigent requests. In baking industry, different aspects, apart from baking operative conditions, contribute to the product quality and induce consumer?s acceptance. Among others, the change in volume and shape, color, texture and flavor can be mentioned. Madalenas, very common in Argentina for breakfast or at tea time, are included within the general definition of sweet baked products. They have a particular taste and shape, similar to that of a small cake, with a formulation that basically consists of eggs, sugar, butter, flour and yeast. The objective of the present work was to analyze the physical and sensory quality of commercial madalenas with the purpose of obtaining relationships between consumer?s preference and physical parameters. Four different trademarks of madalenas (MC1, MC2, MC3 y MC4), normally encountered in Argentinean food stores, were used in this study. The instrumental analysis consisted in: texture characterization, water content and water activity, porosity, color, and global and crumb density.  The sensory characteristics of madalenas were measured by an untrained panel of 35 consumers using the acceptance test. A good correlation between structural parameters (density), and textural (firmness) was found. This is, the greater the density, the more firmness the sample showed. Results obtained from sensory analysis showed dependence between acceptability of the product and porosity, crumb density and firmness, with a higher preference for products more porous and less firm. Although TPA is an excellent test for texture analysis in many kind of food, in this case, it didn?t reveal significant differences between samples. On the other hand, important differences between samples were found when color was evaluated, which contributed to characterize each trademark.","palabras_clave":"Sweet baked products|Texture|Structure|Sensory analysis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114336,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Clonal dissemination of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 harbouring KPC-2 in Argentina","resumen":"The present work describes the abrupt emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and characterizes the first 79 KPC-producing enterobacteria from Argentina (isolated from 2006 to 2010). The emergence of blaKPC-2 was characterized by two patterns of dispersion: the first was the sporadic occurrence in diverse enterobacteria from distant geographical regions, harbouring plasmids of different incompatibility groups and blaKPC-2 in an unusual genetic environment flanked by ISKpn8-DblaTEM-1 and ISKpn6-like. blaKPC-2 was associated with IncL\/M transferable plasmids; the second was the abrupt clonal spread of K. pneumoniae ST258 harbouring blaKPC-2 in Tn4401a.","palabras_clave":"Carbapenem resistance|Clonal dissemination|KPC carbapenemase|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114337,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudios de genotoxicidad de antibióticos antitumorales  en células eucariotas","resumen":"En el Laboratorio de Citogenética y Mutagénesis del IMBICE, se llevan a cabo desde hace más de 20 años estudios tendientes a analizar la genotoxicidad de diversos mutágenos químicos en células eucariotas. En este contexto, las investigaciones han estado centradas principalmente en el análisis de los efectos genotóxicos de tres antibióticos que poseen propiedades   antitumorales, la bleomicina (BLM), la estreptonigrina (EN) y la estreptozotocina (EZ) sobre células de mamífero e insecto   y de los mecanismos involucrados en la genotoxicidad inducida por dichos compuestos. Los estudios fueron realizados utilizando diversas líneas celulares y linfocitos de sangre periférica humana como modelos experimentales. En la actualidad, las   investigaciones están orientadas a analizar los efectos de los antibióticos antemencionados sobre los telómeros y secuencias   teloméricas intersticiales de los cromosomas de vertebrados. La BLM y la EN son considerados compuestos radiomiméticos   por su capacidad de ejercer daño directo en el ADN y cromosomas a través de la generación de radicales libres. Por otra   parte, la EZ es un antibiótico comúnmente utilizado para inducir diabetes mellitus en ratas de laboratorio y, si bien ejerce   su acción genotóxica parcialmente mediante la liberación de radicales libres, a diferencia de la BLM y la EN, es un agente   alquilante. En este trabajo, se resumen los principales resultados obtenidos en los últimos 15 años en el Laboratorio de Citogenética y Mutagénesis del IMBICE acerca de los efectos genotóxicos de los antibióticos mencionados.","palabras_clave":"GENOTOXICIDAD|BLEOMICINA|ESTREPTONIGRINA|ESTREPTOZOTOCINA|TELÓMEROS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114338,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Processing and Final Properties Improvement of polyolefin-sepiolite and carbon nanofiber Nanocomposites","resumen":"In this work polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with different nanofillers (sepiolites and carbon nanofibers) have been produced, processed by injection moulding and fibre spinning and analyzed in terms of mechanical properties improvements. Different concentrations of both fillers were used in nanocomposites preparation. The influence of nanofiller type and amount on mechanical properties were analyzed and discussed for each process studied. This study was completed with a morphological characterization in order analyze the nanofiller dispersion, distribution and orientation in the nanocomposites. The results achieved show that it is possible to obtain a good dispersion and distribution of the each kind of nanofillers with conventional processing methodologies. Moreover the nanocomposites obtained had better properties than the starting polymers, showing that sepiolite and carbon nanofiller are able to provide an important contribution to the improvement of mechanical properties of the materials analyzed, enlarging the final application possibilities of PP based products. ","palabras_clave":"nanocompoasites|acicular nanofillers|nanofibers"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114339,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Separación y purificación de fibras de sepiolita provenientes de yacimientos nacionales para su para su uso industrial","resumen":"La sepiolita constituye uno de los minerales arcillosos con mayor área superficial, lo que permite la adsorción de agua, líquidos polares, iones y otras moléculas. Esta particular hidrofilicidad se debe a la presencia de centros de adsorción activos sobre la superficie de la sepiolita. Teniendo en cuenta que este mineral se utiliza en la industria de absorbentes y como carga de plásticos; la separación de las fibras, de modo de tener la mayor relación longitud\/diámetro de las mismas, aumentaría el campo de aplicación y el valor agregado de este mineral no explotado en Argentina. En tal sentido, en el presente trabajo se analizan comparativamente los métodos de liofilización, ultrasonido y ataque ácido, para la separación y purificación de las fibras. La comparación se efectuó a partir de la caracterización del mineral antes y después de cada tratamiento por microscopía electrónica y óptica, difracción de rayos X, espectroscopía de infrarrojo y análisis térmico. Los resultados obtenidos con el tratamiento ácido lo definen como el mejor desde el punto de vista de la purificación, dado que provoca la total eliminación de los carbonatos. El ultrasonido logra una notoria disgregación de las fibras, observándose el desarrollo de una estructura gelificada, producto del alto grado de entrelazamiento de nanofibras que retienen moléculas de agua en su interior. En tanto que la liofilización produce un cambio morfológico sustancial en las fibras con respecto a su separación. Este tratamiento, en comparación a los otros métodos, permite además conservar la longitud inicial de las mismas. Los resultados obtenidos permiten inferir que la sepiolita puede procesarse de modo sencillo y ser usada con alto valor agregado en distintas industrias de nuestro país, sustituyendo la actual importación de la misma. ","palabras_clave":"sepiolita|disgregación y purificación|aplicación industrial"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114340,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Influencia del Recubrimiento de las Fibras de Vidrio sobre la Efectividad de la Reacción de Copolimerización Propileno-Vidrio","resumen":"Se ha analizado la influencia de recubrimientos de fibras sobre la efectividad de la reacción de copolimerización de propileno-vidrio. Las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales compuestos reforzados con fibras dependen de la transferencia efectiva de carga fibra-matriz, la cual es posible si la adhesión entre ambas es alta. Una alternativa de mejoramiento de la adhesión es el establecimiento de vínculos de naturaleza química matriz-fibra como la polimerización in situ. El estudio se lleva a cabo sobre compuestos sándwich de polipropileno y redes de fibra de vidrio, con y sin recubrimiento de acrilato. Se analiza adhesión a través de su influencia en las propiedades mecánicas de los compuestos. La reacción de copolimerización es muy efectiva cuando se lleva a cabo sobre fibras sin recubrimientos, haciendo la propuesta tecnológicamente más atractiva.","palabras_clave":"recubrimientos|polimerización in-situ"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114341,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Homeostatic control of polyamine levels under long-term salt stress in Arabidopsis. Changes in putrescine content do not alleviate ionic toxicity","resumen":"Salt stress has been frequently studied in its first osmotic phase. Very often, data regarding the second ionic phase is missing. It has also been suggested that Putrescine or\/and Spermine could be responsible for salt resistance. In order to test this hypothesis under long-term salt stress, we obtained Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants harboring pRD29A::oatADC or pRD29A::GUS construction. Although Putrescine was the only polyamine significantly increased after salt acclimation in pRD29A::oatADC transgenic lines, this rendered in no advantage to this kind of stress. The higher Spermine levels found in WT and transgenic lines when compared to control conditions along with no increment on Putrescine levels in WT plants under salt acclimation, leads us to analyze Spermine effect on pADC1 and pADC2 expression. Increasing levels of this polyamine inhibits these promoters expression while enhances pRD29A expression, making Spermine the polyamine responsible for salt acclimation, and the transgenic lines developed in this work suitable for studying Putrescine roles in conditions where its biosynthesis would be inhibited in the WT genotype.","palabras_clave":"Arginine decarboxylase|ABA|Polyamine|Salinity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114342,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Putrescine accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic lines enhances tolerance to dehydration and freezing stress","resumen":"Polyamines have been globally associated to plant responses to abiotic stress. Particularly, putrescine has been related to a better response to cold and dehydration stresses. It is known that this polyamine is involved in cold tolerance, since Arabidopsis thaliana plants mutated in the key enzyme responsible for putrescine synthesis (arginine decarboxilase, ADC; EC 4.1.1.19) are more sensitive than the wild type to this stress. Although it is speculated that the over-expression of ADC genes may confer tolerance, this is hampered by pleiotropic effects arising from the constitutive expression of enzymes from the polyamine metabolism. Here, we present our work using A. thaliana transgenic plants harboring the ADC gene from oat under the control of a stress-inducible promoter (pRD29A) instead of a constitutive promoter. The transgenic lines presented in this work were more resistant to both cold and dehydration stresses, associated with a concomitant increment in endogenous putrescine levels under stress. Furthermore, the increment in putrescine upon cold treatment correlated with the induction of known stress-responsive genes, and suggested that putrescine may be directly or indirectly involved in ABA metabolism and gene expression.","palabras_clave":"Polyamine|abiotic stress|cold acclimatation|putrescine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114343,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Granular flow through an aperture: Pressure and flow rate are independent","resumen":"We simultaneously measure the flow rate and the normal force on the base, near the outlet, during the discharge through an orifice of a dense packing of monosized disks driven by a conveyor belt. We find that the normal force on the base decreases even when a constant flow rate is measured. In addition, we show, by changing the mass of the disks, that pressure can be changed while the flow rate remains constant. Conversely, we are able, by changing the belt velocity, to set different flow rates for the same pressure. The experiment confirms that, contrary to what has been implicitly assumed in numerous works, the flow rate through an aperture is not controlled by the pressure in the outlet region.","palabras_clave":"Granular flow|Silo discharge"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114344,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Intolerancia a la lactosa. Productos lácteos modificados","resumen":"ResumenEn los últimos años, la industria alimentaria ha mostrado un creciente interés en el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales. Algunos de estos productos surgen como respuesta a la necesidad de las personas afectadas por la intolerancia a la lactosa, patología que sufre una gran proporción de la población mundial. Los productos lácteos reducidos o libres en lactosa son ejemplos de alimentos funcionales, cuya producción se vio impulsada por un mayor conocimiento sobre el problema. La solución más sencilla consiste en eliminar (total o parcialmente) los productos lácteos de la dieta. Sin embargo, una alternativa más conveniente desde el punto de vista nutricional sería sustituir la ingesta de productos lácteos tradicionales, por aquellos en los que ha sido disminuido el contenido de lactosa. Existen diferentes métodologías para lograr este propósito, tales como la hidrólisis enzimática, la ultrafiltración y la cromatografía. La hidrólisis de lactosa empleando b-galactosidasa es la estrategia mayormente utilizada en la industria, mediante la cual es posible obtener productos con niveles bajos en lactosa. Una amplia gama de estos tipos de productos tales como leches, cremas, helados y lácteos fermentados, están disponibles comercialmente en todo el mundo. En América Latina se registra una alta incidencia de personas con intolerancia a la lactasa, para ellos, uno de los productos más ampliamente difundidos es la leche reducida en lactosa. Por otro lado, particularmente en Argentina el consumo de productos lácteos fermentados ha experimentado un notable incremento, siendo el yogur el producto más popular. Por el importante papel nutricional y funcional de este producto, es un tema que está constantemente de estudio. Por esta razón, el desarrollo de un yogur reducido en lactosa permitiría diversificar el mercado de productos lácteos, aumentando al mismo tiempo las propiedades funcionales del mismo. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar los aspectos relacionados con el problema de intolerancia a la lactosa, el estado actual en el desarrollo de productos reducidos en lactosa y las tecnologías empleadas, con especial énfasis en la hidrólisis enzimática. Además, se discutirá la importancia funcional y nutricional del yogur y algunos resultados preliminares obtenidos por nuestro grupo de investigación sobre yogur deslactosado","palabras_clave":"intolerancia a la lactosa|productos modificados"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114345,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chlorobis(naphthalen-1-yl)phosphane","resumen":"In the title compound, C20H14ClP, the dihedral angle between the naphthyl rings is 81.77 (6). The crystal packing suggests weak pi stacking interactions between the naphthyl rings inadjacent units [minimum ring centroid separation 3.7625 (13) A &#730; ].","palabras_clave":"crystal structure|phospane|naphthalene|packing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114346,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"5-Hydroxy-3-methyl-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1- carbodithioic acidamide","resumen":"In the title compound C11H13N3OS, the aromatic ring and the dihydropyrazole ring are oriented orthogonally with respect to each other, making a dihedral angle of 89.92 (9). An intramolecular O?H  S hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, weak N?H  N and N?H  S hydrogen bonds linkthe molecules into a columnar stack propagating along the b axis.","palabras_clave":"carbothioamide|crystal structure|dihydropyrazole|columnar stack"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114347,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"N-butyl pyridinium undecachloro-carbadodecaborate structure and its comparison with similar compounds.","resumen":"The title compound, C9H14N+CHB11Cl11 , was obtained in the course of our continuing studies of the low-melting salts of closo- and nido-carborane cage anions with alkylpyridiniumand dialkylimidazolium cations. The title compound is the first example of a pyridinium salt of a perchlorinated carborane anion. The structure consists of one N-butylpyridinium cationcounterbalanced by one perchlorinated carborane cage anion per asymmetric unit. By changing the counter-ion, different packings are observed, and to try to understand this the new structure is compared with five similar compounds.","palabras_clave":"carborane|low-melting salt|pyridinium|packing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114348,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of temporal fluctuations in seed abundance on the foraging behaviour of harvester ants (Pogonomyrmex spp.) in the central Monte desert, Argentina","resumen":"The simultaneous study of the temporal dynamics of foraging behaviour, diet and seed abundance is essential to assess the way in which resources affect the behaviour and ecology of harvester ants. Here, we evaluate how fluctuations in grass seed abundance during three consecutive growing seasons influenced the foraging behaviour and diet of the harvester ants Pogonomyrmex rastratus, P. mendozanus and P. inermis in the central Monte desert, Argentina. Seed abundance of the most consumed grasses varied greatly through ant activity season, and ants altered their foraging behaviour in response to those changes. Foragers spent more time travelling and searching for food, and their foraging trips took longer during the low seed availability season. Foraging distance was very similar among species and, contrary to our expectations, did not vary between seasons. Foraging success of P. rastratus and P. inermis increased during the high availability season. This matched the seasonal pattern of foraging activity, suggesting that colonies may detect seed abundance and regulate their foraging effort with the rate of forager success. Although grass seeds were the main item in the diet of the three species, P. mendozanus, and to a lesser extent P. rastratus, turned more generalist when grass seeds were scarce. In contrast, P. inermis showed a very narrow diet breadth, only harvesting grass seeds in both seasons. Our results indicate the relevance of seed availability on foraging behaviour of harvester ants, which should be taken into account when predicting and evaluating the effect of ants on seed resources as well as numerical responses of harvester ant populations to the temporal and spatial variations in grass seed abundance.","palabras_clave":"Foraging behaviour|Harvester ant|Monte desert|Seed availability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114349,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Interacciones entre hormigas y semillas en el desierto del Monte, Argentina","resumen":"Las semillas son un elemento clave en la ecología de los desiertos. De ellas depende que muchas plantas puedan dispersarse y soportar las duras condiciones ambientales, y además constituyen un recurso alimentario crucial para muchos animales. Los animales que se alimentan de semillas (granívoros) modifican la abundancia de semillas en el suelo del desierto (lo que se conoce como banco de semillas), un efecto que puede generar cambios en la composición de especies de plantas y en su distribución en el espacio. De manera recíproca, la distribución, densidad y tasa de renovación de semillas en el ambiente pueden modificar la abundancia y el comportamiento de forrajeo de los granívoros. Desde hace más de una década nuestro grupo de investigación (Ecodes) estudia los efectos recíprocos entre las semillas y las hormigas granívoras en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Ñacuñán (Mendoza), en el Monte central de Argentina. Los primeros estudios revelaron que las hormigas son los granívoros más importantes en primavera y verano (Lopez de Casenave et al. 1998), con al menos 26 especies capaces de acarrear semillas en condiciones experimentales. Entre ellas, tres especies del género Pogonomyrmex: P. rastratus, P. mendozanus y P. inermis. Las especies de este género han sido intensamente estudiadas en América del Norte, donde cumplen un papel fundamental en la ecología de los desiertos, pero poco se sabía de su ecología en el Monte: ¿cómo son los patrones de actividad de estas especies?, ¿cómo es su comportamiento de forrajeo?, ¿cómo están constituidas sus colonias?, ¿dónde están ubicadas y qué factores afectan su distribución?, ¿qué semillas consumen y cuáles prefieren?, ¿pueden afectar significativamente la abundancia de semillas en el suelo?, ¿cómo las afecta la variación en los niveles de disponibilidad de semillas? En este artículo presentamos una breve síntesis de nuestros resultados más sobresalientes sobre las interacciones entre estas hormigas y las semillas en el desierto del Monte.","palabras_clave":"INTERACCIONES PLANTA-ANIMAL|HORMIGAS|SEMILLAS|DESIERTO DEL MONTE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114350,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":".- Electron concentration effects on the Shastry-Sutherland phase stability in Ce2-xPd2+yIn1-z solid solutions","resumen":"{The stability of a Shastry-Sutherland ShSu phase as a function ofelectron concentration is investigated through the fielddependence of thermal and magnetic properties of the solidsolution Ce$_{2-x}$Pd$_{2+y}$In$_{1-z}$. In this alloy theelectronic (holes) variation is realized by increasing $Pd\/In$concentration. The AF transition $T_M$ decreases form 3.5,K to2.8,K as $Pd$ concentration increases from $y=0.2$ to $y=0.4$. Byapplying magnetic field, the ShSu phase is suppressed once thefield induced ferromagnetic polarization takes over at a criticalfield $B_{cr}$ which increases with $Pd$ content. A detailedanalysis around the critical point reveals a structure in themaximum of the $partial M\/partial B$ derivative, which isrelated with incipient steps in the magnetization $M(B)$ aspredicted by the theory for the ShSu lattice. The crossing of$M(B)$ isotherms, observed in ShSu prototype compounds, is alsoanalyzed. The effect of $In$ substitution by $Pd$ is interpretedas an increase of the number of ´holes´ in the conduction band andresults in a unique parameter able to describe the overallvariation of the magnetic properties.}","palabras_clave":"Ce compounds|Magnetism|Phase Diagrams"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114351,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Early-type stars in the open cluster NGC 4852","resumen":"Abstract    The southern open cluster NGC 4852 was re-observed in the UBVRI passbands to refine its intrinsic fundamental parameters. An extended spectral coverage was also undertaken aimed at obtaining a clear picture of the kind of stars inhabiting the cluster upper main sequence. We detected an unusual number of B-type stars including a new weak-emission Be star that raises to three the number of confirmed emission objects known in the cluster area. Our analysis, however, is conclusive in that none of them belongs to the cluster. With the new data set, we improved the fundamental parameters of NGC 4852: it is little bit farther than formerly assumed; the reddening, which increases smoothly with the distance, is lower than early estimates; and more importantly, it is really a young object of nearly 40-60 Myr, contrary to the age of 200 Myr stated before. By means of spectroscopic parallaxes we secured the star distances, finding a good agreement between spectroscopic and zero-age main-sequence fitting distances, within the errors. The spatial distribution of the stars allows us to infer that NGC 4852 is the final, closer to the Sun, structure of a star-forming region and that a distant group of early-B-type stars, located immediately beyond the cluster, seems to be part of an extended OB association. The three emission stars detected in the region are related to this farther group. Finally, two extremely faint and blue stars were also found in the cluster zone. They have no connection with NGC 4852 but seem to be white-dwarf candidates.","palabras_clave":"stars: early-type|stars: emission-line, Be|open clusters and associations: general|open clusters and associations: individual: NGC 4852"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114352,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A CP formulation for scheduling multiproduct multistage batch plants","resumen":"The short-term scheduling of multiproduct multistage batch plants is tackled in this paper by means of a constraint programming (CP) methodology. This approach, consisting of both a model and a search strategy, easily handles different features found in industrial environments: finite unit ready times, dissimilar parallel equipment at each stage, sequence-dependent changeovers, topology constraints, forbidden job-equipment assignments, order release times, as well as renewable resources limitations. It can also address various interstage storage and operational policies: UIS, NIS\/ZW, NIS\/UW, and mixed ones. Besides, it introduces two simple and efficient search methodologies based on domain knowledge, whose great impact on the computational performance is shown. The approach was extensively tested by means of several examples having various difficulty degrees. It rendered good computational results for a variety of interstage storage policies and objective functions. Moreover, this work shows that the default depth-first search strategy does not perform well for scheduling problems.","palabras_clave":"SHORT-TERM SCHEDULING|MULTIPRODUCT MULTISTAGE BATCH PLANTS|CONTRAINT PROGRAMMING|SEARCH STRATEGIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114353,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Hybrid Mathematical Programming Discrete-Event Simulation Approach for Large-Scale Scheduling Problems","resumen":"This article presents a new algorithm for industrially sized problems that, because of the large number of tasks to schedule, are either intractable or result in poor solutions when solved with full-space mathematical programming approaches. Focus is set on a special type of multistage batch plant featuring a single unit per stage, zero-wait storage policies, and a single transportation device for moving lots between stages. The algorithm incorporates a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) continuous-time formulation and a discrete-event simulation model to generate a detailed schedule. More precisely, three stages are involved: (i) finding the best processing sequence, assuming that the transportation device is always available; (ii) generating a feasible schedule, taking into account the shared transportation resource; (iii) improving the schedule through a neighborhood search procedure. Relaxed and constrained versions of the full-space MILP are involved in stages (i) and (iii) with the simulation model taking care of stage (ii). Several examples are solved to illustrate the capabilities of the proposed method with the results showing better performance when compared to other published approaches. The balance between solution quality and total computational effort can easily be shifted by changing the number of lots rescheduled per iteration.","palabras_clave":"OPTIMIZATION|MIXED-INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAMMING|SHORT-TERM SCHEDULING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114354,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A novel optimization method to automated wet-etch station scheduling in semiconductor manufacturing systems","resumen":"This work addresses the short-term scheduling of one of the most critical stages in the semiconductor industry, the automated wet-etch station (AWS). An ef&#64257;cient MILP-based computer-aided tool is developed in order to achieve a proper synchronization between the activities of sequential chemical and water baths and limited automated wafer\u2019s lot transfer devices. The major goal is to &#64257;nd the optimal integrated schedule that maximizes the whole process productivity without generating wafer contamination. Several examples are successfully solved to illustrate the capabilities of the proposed method.","palabras_clave":"MILP-based approach|Short-term scheduling problem|Semiconductor Manufacturing System (SMS)|Automated wet-etch station (AWS)|Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114355,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Binding of the highly toxic tetracycline derivative, anhydrotetracycline, to bovine serum albumin","resumen":"Tetracycline (TC) derivatives are extensively used as antibiotics in human and animal medicine and, very recently, they have been screened as anti-amyloidogenic drugs. Anhydrotetracycline (AHTC) is one of the major degradation products of TC that has been linked to several side effects of the drug. We evaluated the interaction of AHTC with bovine serum albumin (BSA), one the main carriers of amphiphilic molecules in blood, using three complementary analytical methods: fluorescence spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.  AHTC bound to BSA with an association constant in the order of 105 M-1. Drug binding was enthalpically and entropically driven and seemed to involve hydrophobic interactions. AHTC fluorescence enhancement and hypsochromic shifts observed upon binding suggested a low-polarity location excluded from water for the bound drug. Our data are useful for evaluating the biodisponibility of the pharmacophore and the  dynamic distribution of the toxic derivative.","palabras_clave":"protein stability|bovine serum albumin|tetracyclines|DSC, ITC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114356,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Leucismo en Eptesicus furinalis (d' Orbigny y Gervais, 1847) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) en la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina","resumen":"En esta comunicación se da a conocer un caso de leucismo en Eptesicus furinalis en un bosque higrófilodel Iberá, Corrientes, Argentina. El leucismo, referido frecuentemente de modo erróneo como albinismoparcial, consiste en una coloración aberrante, producto de mutaciones genéticas. A diferencia delalbinismo, se caracteriza por la pérdida completa de un pigmento en particular o de todos los pigmentos,menos aquellos de partes blandas, donde conservan la coloración típica. El ejemplar colectado, unahembra, presenta una coloración atípica en el pelaje, tanto dorsal como ventralmente, siendo la coloraciónde los ojos y del patagio la característica para la especie.","palabras_clave":"LEUCISMO|IBERÁ|BOSQUE HIGRÓFILO|MURCIELAGOS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114357,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ectoparasitic insects (Diptera: Streblidae and Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae) of bats from Iquitos and surrounding areas (Loreto, Peru)","resumen":"Based on specimens collected from bats of different families, we add new species and extend the known ecological distribution and host associations of insect ectoparasites of bats in Peru. New information is provided for the distribution of 26 species of parasites (25 Diptera and 1 Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae). Four species ( Neotrichobius ectophyllae, Strebla galindoi, Strebla paramirabilis and Myodopsylla wolffsohni wolffsohni) are new for Peru and 16 represent new records for the department of Loreto. Also, we found 17 new host-ectoparasite relationships. Of note, we found remarkable new association between Neotrichobius delicatus and bat species from the families Molossidae and Noctilionidae and a novel association between Paradyschiria parvula and a species of Vespertilionidae.  Host-ectoparasite specificity was  recorded with 14 species as monoxenous, three oligoxenous, seven pleioxenous and two polyxenous.","palabras_clave":"Chiroptera|Streblidae|Ischnopsyllidae|host-parasite interaction|taxonomy"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114358,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Phosphate uptake and vegetative growth promotion in glucose exuding plants (Oryza sativa) inoculated with Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria","resumen":"We measured phosphorus uptake by rice plants inoculated with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) using  Pseudomonas  sp.  strain  PAC,  Serratia  sp.  strain  CMR165,  and  Azospirillum  brasilense  strain  FT326. We  measured  plant  growth  parameters  and  phosphate  solubilization  and  uptake.  Results  show  that  the  ability to  solubilize  phosphates  varied  among  PGPB  strains.  Strain  FT326  was  unable  to  solubilize  phosphates. In  the  presence  of  glucose,  PAC  and  CMR165  can  solubilize  inorganic  tricalcium  phosphate  and  organic calcium  magnesium  inositol  hexaphosphate.  Phosphate  solubilization  by  strains  PAC  and  CMR165  was different over time; FT326 was similar to   the untreated control. Plants inoculated with PAC or CMR165 had  higher  concentrations  of  phosphates  than  those  inoculated  with  FT326  and  plants  that  were  not inoculated. Glucose was the only sugar identified   in rice root exudates. PAC and CMR165 promoted plant growth and uptake of phosphate and could be used as biofertilizers to optimize phosphate fertilization.","palabras_clave":"Phosphate solubilization|Root exudates|Oryza sativa|Plant growth-promoting bacteria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114359,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Bacterial gold sensing and resistance","resumen":"IMPORTANTE: CHECA SK Y SONCINI FC SON AUTORES DE CORRESPONDENCIA EN ESTA PUBLICACIÓN. Calification SCImago-Q1, IF (2011) 2.823. Gold ions are mobilized  anddisseminated     through the environment and enter into  the cells by non-specific     intake. To avoid deleterious effect that occurs even  at very low     concentrations, bacteria such as Salmonella enterica and Cupriavidus  metallidurans use Au-specific MerR-type transcriptional regulators to  detect the     presence of these toxic ions, and control the expression of specific      resistance factors. In contrast to the related copper sensor CueR, the Au-selective  metalloregulatory proteins are able to distinguish Au(I) from Cu(I) or Ag(I). This  is achieved by finely     tuning a  single dithiolate metal coordination with conserved   cysteine   residues at the  metal binding site of the proteins to lower   the   affinity for Cu(I) in  comparison to the Cu-sensors, while   maintaining   or even increasing the affinity  for Au(I). In Salmonella ,   GolS   not only privileges the binding of Au(I)  over Cu(I) or Ag(I),   but also   distinguishes its target recognition sites in its  regulated   promoters   minimizing cross-activation of CueR-controlled operators.    In this   sense, the presence of a selective Au sensory devise would   allow    species harbouring resident Cu-homeostasis systems to eliminate   the   toxic ion  without affecting Cu acquisition in Au rich   environments.","palabras_clave":"GOLD SENSING AND RESISTANCE|MERR-REGULATORS|SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM|CUPRIAVIDUS METALLIDURANS|GOLS|CUER|CUPR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114360,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Selective detection of gold using genetically engineered bacterial reporters","resumen":"IMPORTANTE: ISSN: 0006-3592 - Nombre del Journal: BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (Nombre correcto del journal. Figura mal en la base de datos de conicet). CHECA SK ES AUTOR DE CORRESPONDENCIA UNICO EN ESTA PUBLICACIÓN. Calification SCImago-Q1, IF (2011) 3.946. [Selected by the Editors of the Journal for the Spotlight Section (A Biotechnological Approach for Gold Detection. DOI: 10.1002\/bit.23303)]. Salmonella Typhimurium harbours a Au-resistance system whose expression is controlled by GolS, a transcriptional regulator of the MerR family that selectively detects Au with high sensitivity. We developed both Salmonella and genetically engineered Escherichia coli strains as Au-selective whole-cell biosensors by coupling the strictly regulated GolS-dependent golB promoter to the gfp reporter gene. The bio-reporters were evaluated under different laboratory conditions and calibrated for their use as selective Au detectors. Due to the intrinsic characteristics of the regulatory protein, the transgenic E. coli sensor exhibits low background, high signal-to-noise ratio, and improved sensitivity for detection of Au ions in a wide range of concentrations (up to 470 nM) with a calculated detection limit of ~33 nM (6 µg l-1 or parts per billion) Au(I). The fluorescent Au-sensing bacteria exhibit also minimal interference by chemically related metals such as Cu or Ag that are commonly found in Au deposits. These highly specific and sensitive Au detectors might allow the development of rapid and robust screening tools to improve discovery and extraction procedures.","palabras_clave":"WHOLE-CELL BACTERIAL BIOSENSOR|SELECTIVE GOLD DETECTION|AU-INDUCED FLUORESCENT REPORTER|LIMITS OF DETECTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114361,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Local Absorbent Boundary Condition for Nonlinear Hyperbolic Problems with Unknown Riemann Invariants","resumen":"Generally, in problems where the Riemann invariants (RI) are known (e.g.   the flow in a shallow rectangular channel, the isentropic gas flow   equations), the imposition of non-reflective boundary conditions is   straightforward. In problems where Riemann invariants are unknown (e.g.   the flow in non-rectangular channels, the stratified 2D shallow water   flows) it is possible to impose that kind of conditions analyzing the   projection of the Jacobians of advective flux functions onto normal   directions of fictitious surfaces or boundaries. In this paper a general   methodology for developing absorbing boundary conditions for non-linear   hyperbolic advective\u2013diffusive equations with unknown Riemann   invariants is presented. The advantage of the method is that it is very   easy to implement in a finite element code and is based on computing the   advective flux functions (and their Jacobian projections), and then,   imposing non-linear constraints via Lagrange multipliers. The   application of the dynamic absorbing boundary conditions to typical wave   propagation problems with unknown Riemann invariants, like non-linear   Saint-Venant system of conservation laws for non-rectangular and   non-prismatic 1D channels and stratified 1D\/2D shallow water equations,   is presented. Also, the new absorbent\/dynamic condition can handle   automatically the change of Jacobians structure when the flow regime   changes from subcritical to supercritical and viceversa, or when   recirculating zones are present in regions near fictitious walls.","palabras_clave":"LOCAL ABSORBENT BOUNDARY CONDITION|RIEMANN INVARIANTS|HYPERBOLIC PDE'S"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114362,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Using hybrid parallel programming techniques for  the computation, assembly and solution stages in finite  element codes","resumen":"The so called \u201Chybrid parallelism paradigm\u201D, that combines programming techniques for architectures with distributed and shared memories using MPI (Message Passing Interface) and OpenMP (Open Multi-Processing) standards, is currently adopted to exploit the  growing use of multi-core computers, thus improving the efficiency of codes in such architectures (several multi-core nodes or clustered symmetric multi-processors (SMP) connected by a fast net to do exhaustive computations).    In this paper a parallel hybrid finite element code is developed and its performance is evaluated, using MPI for communication between cluster nodes and OpenMP for parallelism within the SMP nodes. An efficient thread-safe matrix library for computing element\/cell residuals (or right hand sides) and Jacobians (or matrices) in FEM-like codes is introduced and fully described. The cluster in which the code was tested is the CIMEC\u2019s \u2018Coyote\u2019 cluster, which consists of eight-core computing nodes connected through Gigabit Ethernet.","palabras_clave":"Finite Elements|MPI|OpenMP|PETSc"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114363,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Microcin J25-Ga induces apoptosis in mammalian cells by inhibiting mitochondrial RNA-polymerase","resumen":"MccJ25, an antimicrobial peptide, was unable to cause apoptosis of COS-7 cells in spite of inducing reactive-oxygen species overproduction as well as cytochrome c release from isolated mitochondria. Surprisingly, MccJ25-Ga, an amidated variant of MccJ25 that displays similar anti-mitochondrial effects, did induce apoptosis in COS-7. The only difference found between the activities of these peptides was the unpredicted inhibition of mitochondrial RNA synthesis by MccJ25-Ga. These results led us to hypothesize that both mitochondrial RNA polymerase and mitochondrial membrane might be the molecular targets of MccJ25-Ga in mitochondria and this combined effect may lead to apoptosis.","palabras_clave":"Microcin| Mitochondria |RNA-polymerase |Apoptosis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114364,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Proteolytic action of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL 656 reduces antigenic response to bovine b-lactoglobulin","resumen":"The whey protein b-lactoglobulin (BLG) is highly allergenic. Lactic acid bacteria can degrade milk proteins.The capacity of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL 656 to hydrolyse the major BLG epitopes (V41\u2013K60; Y102\u2013R124; L149\u2013I162) and decrease their recognition by IgE of allergic patients was evaluated. The intensity of BLG degradation was analysed by Tricine SDS\u2013PAGE and RP-HPLC. Peptides released were identified by LC\u2013MS\/MS and the hydrolysates were tested for their capacity to inhibit IgE binding by ELISA test. L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL 656 degraded BLG (35%, 8 h). The sequence analysis of the released peptides indicated that this strain degraded three main BLG epitopes. BLG-positive sera (3\u20135 year old children) were used for testing IgE binding inhibition of BLG hydrolysates from the Lactobacillus strain. The hydrolysates were less immuno-reactive (32%) than the heated BLG. L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CRL 656 could be used for developing hypoallergenic dairy products.","palabras_clave":"b-Lactoglobulin |Lactobacillus |Allergy |Lactic acid bacteria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114365,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Updated distribution of the pink fairy armadillo Chlamyphorus truncatus  (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae), the world\u2019s smallest armadillo","resumen":"The  distribution  and  ecology  of  the  pink  fairy  armadillo  Chlamyphorus  truncatus,  the  world\u2019s smallest armadillo, are poorly understood due largely to the strictly subterranean habits of this species. We compiled records from the literature, museum and private collections, information from rural people, and researchers  to  update  the  species\u2019  current  distribution  and  conservation  threats.  Recent  records  suggest that populations of C. truncatus persist in localities along most of the species\u2019 historical range, including at least 12 sites with recurrent pink fairy armadillo records. We added new registers outside the historical distribution; south of Mendoza province, north of Río Negro province and south of Buenos Aires province, effectively extending the species range. The rate at which new records are accrued has increased, arguably reflecting a greater interest in the species and greater presence of field workers in the species range. The con-  servation of the pink fairy armadillo depends on the maintenance of the arid and semiarid habitats where this species occurs, with commercial agriculture, pesticides, extensive livestock farming, and predation by   domestic dogs and cats, posing the threats of greatest concern.","palabras_clave":"Argentina|conservation|dryland|pichiciego"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114366,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Present Day Crustal Deformation along the Magallanes-Fagnano Fault System in Tierra del Fuego from Repeated GPS Observations","resumen":"UMMARYBased on repeated geodetic GPS observations the present-day deformations of the earth crustin the Argentine part of Tierra del Fuego main island, southernmost South America, are inves-tigated. The island is traversed by the active transform boundary between the South Americanand Scotia tectonic plates, represented by the Magallanes-Fagnano fault system. Since 1993 aregional network comprising to date 29 GPS sites has been observed almost every year. Thecomplete set of accumulated observation data was processed using the Bernese GPS softwareand state-of-the-art processing strategies and models. The utilisation of homogeneous GPSproducts resulting from a reprocessing of the global IGS network warrants a stable realisationof a global reference frame. For each GPS site 3D positions and linear velocities with realis-tic accuracy estimates were obtained. A strain analysis of the horizontal velocity componentsrevealed the zones of major deformation activity. A 30 km-wide deformation belt centred onthe main trace of the fault system was identified. This belt is bordered to the north (SouthAmerica) and south (Scotia) by geodynamically stable zones, which move horizontally with arelative average velocity of 4.4 ± 0.6 (east) and &#8722;0.3 ± 0.4 (north) millimetre per year. Withinthe deformation belt a maximum strain rate in the order of 0.25 &#956;strain per year was detected.A pronounced change in the deformation style from transtension (east) to transpression (west)is observed. The area of predominating shortening of the crust coincides with a local rota-tion minimum and relative uplift. Throughout the period covered by the GPS observations thedisplacements and deformations occurred linearly over time.Key words: Satellite Geodesy \u2013 Transform faults \u2013 Neotectonics \u2013 South America","palabras_clave":"geodesy|gps|geodynamics|deformation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114367,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kinetic recognition of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor by a specific protein target","resumen":"The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb) plays a key role in cell cycle control and is linked to various types of human cancer. Rb binds to the LxCxE motif, present in a number of cellular and viral proteins such as AdE1A, SV40 large T-antigen and HPV E7, all instrumental in revealing fundamental mechanisms of tumor suppression, cell cycle control and gene expression. A detailed kinetic study of RbAB binding to the HPV E7 oncoprotein shows that an LxCxE-containing E7 fragment binds through a fast two-state reaction strongly favored by electrostatic interactions. Conversely, full-length E7 binds through a multistep process involving a pre-equilibrium between E7 conformers, a fast electrostatically driven association step guided by the LxCxE motif, and a slow conformational rearrangement. This kinetic complexity arises from the conformational plasticity and intrinsically disordered nature of E7, and from multiple interaction surfaces present in both proteins. Affinity differences between E7N domains from high- and low-risk types are explained by their dissociation rates.  In fact, since Rb is at the center of a large protein interaction network, fast and tight recognition provides an advantage for disruption by the viral proteins, where the balance of physiological and pathological interactions is dictated by kinetic ligand competititon.  The localization of the LxCxE motif within an intrinsically disordered domain provides the fast, diffusion-controlled interaction that allows viral proteins to outcompete physiological targets.  We describe the interaction mechanism of Rb with a protein ligand, at the same time an LxCxE-containing model target, and an paradigmatic intrinsically disordered viral oncoprotein.","palabras_clave":"RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN|VIRAL ONCOPROTEIN|LxCxE MOTIF|INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED PROTEINS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114368,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The respiratory syncytial virus transcription antiterminator M(2-1) is a highly stable, zinc binding tetramer with strong pH-dependent dissociation and a monomeric unfolding intermediate","resumen":"The human respiratory syncytial virus M2-1 transcription antiterminator is an essential elongation factor  required by the RNA polymerase for effective transcription beyond the first two non-structural genes.  Its exclusive presence in pneumovirus among all paramyxovirus, suggests a unique function within this  small genus. With the aim of understanding its biochemical properties we investigated this &#945;-helical  tetramer by making use of a biophysical approach. We found that the tetramer hydrodynamic radius is  considerably extended at high ionic strength, and measured its zinc content to be one atom per  monomer. Dissociation-unfolding experiments show a fully reversible and concentration dependent  cooperative transition, but secondary and tertiary structure changes are uncoupled at lower protein  concentrations. We detect the presence of a monomeric intermediate, which can be classified as a \u201Clate  molten globule\u201D with substantial secondary and tertiary structure. Global fittings of experiments from  three different probes at two M2-1 concentrations provide a free energy of dissociation-unfolding of  - 36.8 ± 0.1 kcal mol-1, corresponding to a tight dissociation constant of 10-27 M3 at pH 7.0. The  tetramer affinity is strongly governed by pH, with a free energy change of 12 kcal mol-1 on going from  pH 7.0 to pH 5.0 (KD = 10-16 M3). The drastic changes that take place within a pH range compatible  with cellular environment strongly suggests a regulatory effect of pH on M2-1 structure and biochemical  properties, likely affecting transcription and interaction with proteins and RNA","palabras_clave":"RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS|M2-1 TRANSCRIPTION ANTITERMINATOR|STABILITY AND OLIGOMERIZATION|PH-DEPENDENT DISSOCIATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114369,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Toxicity of Bothrops neuwiedi complex ('yarará chica') venom from different regions of Argentina (Serpentes, Viperidae)","resumen":"We report a study of toxic and enzymatic activities of Bothrops neuwiedi complex venomscollected from specimens of different regions of Argentina and a pool of these samevenoms. Were determined lethal, hemorrhagic and pro-coagulant (plasma and fibrinogen)doses and the neutralization of these activities by a bivalent antivenom. The electrophoreticpattern of different regions venom was studied by SDS\u2013PAGE. All samples exhibitedlethal potencies, hemorrhagic and coagulant (plasma and fibrinogen) activities withpotencies concordant with previous studies. The only conspicuous difference in the toxicologicalpattern of Bothrops diporus venoms was the low-thrombin-like activity found inone sample. The antivenom used in this study could neutralize all the toxic activities testedand the neutralizing potency of the antivenom was comparable for all samples. Despite thewide distribution of B. neuwiedi complex throughout Argentina and the evidentmorphological variation between B. diporus (B. neuwiedi complex), this study establishesa remarkably similar toxicity profile throughout its range. This is the first systematic studyon the regional variation of enzymatic and toxic activities of venom from species belongingto the B. neuwiedi complex, one of the snakes of highest sanitary importance in SouthAmerica and their neutralization by the type of antivenom most commonly used in theSouth of South America.","palabras_clave":"Bothrops|Venoms|Antivenom|Toxicity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114370,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of new materials for fiberoptic dosimetry","resumen":"In this work we have investigated the radioluminescence (RL) characteristics of three materials (Mg2SiO4:Tb, CsY2F7:Tb and KMgF3:Sm) in order to determine whether they can be used as real time dosimeters in the the framework the fiberoptic dosimetry (FOD) technique. This technique is based on the use of scintillating materials coupled to the end of an  optical fiber, which collects the light emitted by the scintillator during irradiation. Since usually the intensity of the emitted light is proportional to the dose-rate, the technique provides a reliable measuring method, which can be employed in radiotherapy treatments.","palabras_clave":"RADIOLUMINESCENCE|REAL TIME DOSIMETRY|OPTICAL FIBER DOSIMETRY|RADIOTHERAPY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114371,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Random sequential adsorption of polyatomic species with the presence of impurities","resumen":"Random sequential adsorption of $k$-mers (particles occupying $k$ adsorption sites on the substrate) of different sizes and shapes deposited on square lattices is studied. Heterogeneous surfaces caused by impurities previous and randomly deposited are considered. Thus, an adsorption site occupied by an impurity is considered as forbidden for the deposition of adsorbent.  As a consequence, the average coordination number for each available element depends on the concentration of impurities. For discrete models, at the late stage the surface coverage evolves according to $\theta (t)= \theta (infty) -A exp left[ - rac{t}{sigma} ight]$, where $\theta (infty)$ is the jamming coverage while $A$ and $sigma$ are fitting parameters. The dependence of the terminal relaxation time $sigma$ (which determine how fast the lattice is filled up to the jamming coverage) on the parameters of the problem is established.","palabras_clave":"RANDOM SEQUENTIAL ADSORPTION (RSA)|ADSORPTION\/ DESORPTION KINETICS|MULTISITE- OCCUPANCY|MONTE CARLO SIMULATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114372,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lattice- gas model of non additive interacting particles on nanotube bundles","resumen":"      In the present paper, the adsorption thermodynamics of  a lattice-gas model which mimics a nanoporous environment is studied by  considering nonadditive interactions between the adsorbed particles. It is  assumed that the energy linking a certain atom with any of its nearest  neighbors strongly depends on the state of occupancy in the first coordination  sphere of such an adatom. By means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations in the grand  canonical ensemble, adsorption isotherms and differential heats of adsorption  were calculated. Their striking behaviors were analyzed and discussed in terms  of the low temperature phases formed in the system. Finally, the results  obtained from MC simulations were compared with the  corresponding ones from Bragg\u2013Williams approximation.    ","palabras_clave":"ADSORBED LAYERS|MONTE CARLO METHODS|NANOTUBES|LATTICE GASES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114373,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New Isotherm for Multisite Occupancy Adsorption of Long, Straight Rigid Rods","resumen":"The adsorption of long, straight rigid rods of length k (k-mers)on 2D lattices is described by using a new theoretical approach based on ageneralization of the classical Guggenheim-DiMarzio approximation. In thisscheme, the Helmholtz free energy and its derivatives are written in terms of theorder parameter &#948;, which characterizes the nematic phase occurring in the systemat intermediate densities. Then, using the principle of minimum free energy with&#948; as a parameter, the main adsorption properties are calculated. Comparisonswith Monte Carlo simulations are performed in order to test the validity of thetheoretical model. The obtained results indicate that the new thermodynamicdescription is significantly better than the existing theoretical models developed totreat the polymer adsorption problem.","palabras_clave":"isotherm|isotropic nematic|monte carlo simulation|approximation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114374,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Random sequential adsorption of polyatomic species on fractal substrates","resumen":"Random sequential adsorption of k-mers of different sizes and shapes deposited on twotypes of fractal surfaces (deterministic and staistical) is studied. Thesekinds of substrates present intrinsic heterogeneities. As a consequence, theaverage coordination number depends on the topology that characterizes theadsorbent. For discrete models, at the late stage the surface coverage evolvesaccording to &#952;(t ) = &#952;j &#8722; Aexp[&#8722; t\/&#963; ], where &#952;j is the jamming coverage while A and &#963; arefitting parameters. A detailed analysis of how these main quantities [&#952;j , &#963;] depend on the relationship between the geometry of the adsorbate andthe adsorbent is presented. The results obtained suggest that the symmetry ofthe substrate may exert a decisive influence on the adsorption kinetics ofpolyatomic species.","palabras_clave":"ADSORPTION|POLYATOMIC SPECIES|FRACTAL SUBSTRATES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114375,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Statistical thermodynamics of straight rigid rods with non-additive lateral interactions: Theory and Monte Carlo simulations","resumen":"The statistical thermodynamics of straight rigid rods of length k (k-mers) with nonadditive lateral interactions was developed on a generalization in the spirit of the lattice-gas model and the classical Bragg-Williams approximation (BWA) and the quasichemical approximation (QCA). The new theoretical framework is obtained by combining (i) the exact analytical expression for the partition function of noninteracting linear k-mers adsorbed in one dimension and its extension to higher dimensions, and (ii) a generalization of BWA and QCA in which the adsorbate can occupy more than one adsorption site. The traditional assumption of a strictly pairwise additive nearest-neighbors interaction is replaced by a more general one, namely that the bond linking a certain atom with any of its neighbors depends considerably on how many of them are actually present (or absent) on the sites in the first coordination shell of the atom. The coverage and temperature dependence of the Helmholtz free energy, chemical potential, configurational entropy, and differential heat of adsorption are given. The formalism (i) reproduces the classical results for monomers, (ii) leads to the exact statistical thermodynamics of nonadditive interacting k-mers adsorbed in one dimension, and (iii) provides a close approximation for two-dimensional systems, taking into account multisite occupancy and nonadditive lateral interactions. Comparisons with Monte Carlo simulations are performed in order to test the validity of the theoretical model. Significant quantitative differences are shown and discussed. In all cases, the QCA appears to be the more accurate approach.","palabras_clave":"NONADDITIVE INTERACTIONS|MULTISITE OCCUPANCY|LATTICE-GAS MODEL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114376,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Experimental realization of broadband tunable resonators based on anisotropic meta&#64258;uids","resumen":"This letter demonstrates the mechanical tuning of modes con&#64257;ned in two-dimensional acousticcavities based on anisotropic meta&#64258;uids. The employed meta&#64258;uids have been designed witheffective parameters such that the radial component of the sound speed tensor keeps constant and theacoustic impedance remains &#64257;nite along the tuning. It is shown that mode frequencies can bemechanically down shifted to extremely low values. Experiments con&#64257;rm the model predictions andlet us to conclude that this type of resonators can be employed for the miniaturization of standardresonators based on isotropic &#64258;uids such as air.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"ACOUSTIC MATERIALS|ACOUSTIC RESONATORS|ANISOTROPIC MEDIA|METAMATERIALS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114377,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Determination of the energetic topography of bivariate heterogeneous surfaces from adsorption isotherms","resumen":"The reversible adsorption process occurring on patchwise  heterogeneous bivariate surfaces is studied by Monte Carlo simulation and  mean-field approximation. These surfaces are characterized by a collection of  deep and shallow adsorbing patches with a typical length scale l. Patches can be either arranged in a deterministic  chessboard structure or in a random way. Previous studies showed that the  topography of a given surface can be obtained from the knowledge of the  corresponding adsorption isotherm and a reference curve. In the present work,  we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using different reference  curves. One of the main consequences of this analysis is to provide an improved  method for the determination of the energetic topography of the surface from  adsorption measurements.","palabras_clave":"LATTICE- GAS MODELS|ADSORPTION|THERMODYNAMIC|HETEROGENEOUS SURFACES|MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114378,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Green Alternative To Synthetize Azo Compounds","resumen":"Different nitrates were used as sources of nitrosonium ion to obtain   diazonium salts.Diverse azo compounds were synthetized in acetonitrile   giving very good yields and free of byproducts in comparison with   traditional synthesis. Among the tested species, the best combination   for para red synthesis was nitric acid and gaseous hydrogen   chloride.","palabras_clave":"Diazonium salts|Nitrates|Azo compounds|Green synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114379,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nuclear masses, deformations and shell effects","resumen":"We show that the Liquid Drop Model is best suited to describe the masses of prolate deformed nuclei than of spherical nuclei. To this end three Liquid Drop Mass formulas are employed to describe nuclear masses of eight sets of nuclei with similar quadrupole deformations. It is shown that they are able to fit the measured masses of prolate deformed nuclei with an RMS smaller than 750 keV, while for the spherical nuclei the RMS is, in the three cases, larger than 2000 keV. The RMS of the best fit of the masses of semi-magic nuclei is also larger than 2000 keV. The parameters of the three models are studied, showing that the surface symmetry term is the one which varies the most from one group of nuclei to another. In one model, isospin dependent terms are also found to exhibit strong changes. The inclusion of shell effects allows for better fits, which continue to be better in the prolate deformed nuclei region.","palabras_clave":"NUCLEAR MASSES|DUFLO-ZUKER|DEFORMATION|SHELL EFFECTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114380,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The evidence for the occurrence of tautomeric structures for selected aldehydes and thioaldehydes","resumen":"Mass spectra of selected aldehydes and thioaldehydes have been analyzed and specific fragmentation  assignments have been done to keto and enol tautomers, although many peaks can be assigned to both  forms (i.e. mass spectra are superimposed on one another).  The enolization rate for aldehydes is generally favored by the increase in the steric effect caused by   substitution to the carbonyl group.  The analysis of the corresponding mass spectra has allowed to establishing an acceptable correlation  between selected ion abundances ratios and approximate enolization equilibrium constants (carried out  by means of DFT calculations).  The influence of temperature on the enol\/keto selected fragments abundance ratios (for different aldehydes  and thioaldehydes and for different pair of ions of the same compound whenever possible) is  studied in order to estimate the enthalpy difference for the tautomeric equilibria.  The results indicate that the thioketo\u2013thioenol equilibrium can be studied by mass spectrometry and  the ionization in the ion source have negligible effect on the position of that equilibrium.","palabras_clave":"TAUTOMERIZATION|ALDEHYDES|MASS SPECTROMETRY|THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114381,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dam-break release of a gravity current in a power-law channel section","resumen":"The evolution of gravity currents generated in open channels which represent those present in estuaries and many hydraulics structures are studied analytically and experimentally. We are particularly interested in the effects of the cross-section shape on the dam-break flows that satisfy the shallow-water equations by considering an equivalent channel cross-section represented by a power law. A stratified two-layer system is assumed and an analytical model based on the balances of mass and momentum in the frontal region, whose results are successfully compared with those obtained by means of experiments, is proposed. The solutions describe the dynamics of the gravity currents with sharp fronts and can be applied to a wide range of natural situations where the turbulence is not dominant.","palabras_clave":"Gravity currents|Dam-break release|Non-rectangular cross-section channel|Shallow-water equations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114382,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Flow generated by a thermal plume in a cooled-ceiling system","resumen":"The transient and steady states of the flow generated by a heat source inside a closed room provided with a cooled-ceiling system at constant temperature are experimentally studied. During the transient regime the plume generated by the source interacts with the ambient fluid and, after it reaches the top contour, spreads under the latter giving place to the formation of a horizontal thermal front that eventually descends affecting the whole room. It is found that the formation and velocity of the descending front are determined by the filling-box model in an insulated space but with a smaller temperature difference between both sides of the front. The steady state is established when the heat supplied by the source is completely absorbed by the ceiling allowing a convective process to take place characterized by a turbulent flow in the major part of the room and by a thermal boundary layer developed below the ceiling, where vortexes and little plumes form, the detection of which is allowed by the application of synthetic schlieren technique. Analogies with the results obtained in the classical Rayleigh?Benard experimentsallow an insight of the mechanisms of heat transfer in order to improve the indoor comfort in buildingsunder similar conditions to those discussed here.","palabras_clave":"Cooled ceiling|Thermal plumes|Indoor comfort"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114383,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and antifungal activity of some substituted phenothiazines and related compounds","resumen":"Several phenothiazines and related compounds were synthesized and their antifungal activity was evaluated in vitro. The results observed for &#945;-chloro-N-acetyl phenothiazine led us to choose this compound as a lead in the search of antifungal agents.","palabras_clave":"Phenothiazines|Synthesis| Antifungal activity| Pipothiazine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114384,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New advances in the study on the interaction of [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ complex with biological models; association to transporting proteins","resumen":"Abstract The present study reports a detailed investigation into the interaction of [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ with serum albumins, the key protein for the transport of drugs in the blood plasma, which allows us to understand further the role of [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ as sensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Chromium(III) complex [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+, (dppz = dipyridophenazine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), where dppz is a planar bidentate ligand with an extended &#960; system, has been found to bind strongly with bovine and human serum albumin (BSA and HSA) with an intrinsic binding constants, Kb, of (1.7 ± 0.3) x105 M-1 and (2.2 ± 0.3) x105 M-1 at 295 K, respectively. The interactions of serum albumins with [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ were assessed employing fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The serum albumins-[Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ interactions caused conformational changes with the loss of helical stability of the protein and local perturbation in the domain IIA binding pocket. The relative fluorescence intensity of the albumin (BSA or HSA) bound to the Cr(III) complex decreased, suggesting that perturbation around the Trp 214 residue took place. The analysis of the thermodynamic parameters &#916;G, &#916;H, &#916;S indicated that the hydrophobic interactions played a major role in both BSA-Cr(III) and HSA-Cr(III) association processes. The binding distances and transfer efficiencies for BSA-Cr(III) and HSA-Cr(III) binding reactions were calculated according to the Föster theory of non-radiation energy transfer. All these experimental results suggests that [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ binds to serum albumins, by which these proteins could act as carriers of this complex for further applications in PDT.","palabras_clave":"CHROMIUM(III) COMPLEX|SERUM ALBUMINS|BINDING STUDY|FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114385,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Advances on the interaction of polypyridyl Cr(III) complexes with transporting proteins and its potential relevance in photodynamic therapy","resumen":"Abstract The present study reports a detailed investigation into the interaction of [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ and [Cr(phen)3]3+ with transferrin, the key protein for the transport of Fe3+ in blood plasma; its cycle holds promise as an attractive system for strategies of drug targeting to tumor tissues. This can allows us to understand further the role of both complexes as sensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Chromium(III) complexes, [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ and [Cr(phen)3]3+, (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and dppz = dipyridophenazine), where dppz is a planar bidentate ligand with an extended &#960; system, have been found to bind strongly with apotransferrin (apoTf) with an intrinsic binding constant, Kb, of (1.8 ± 0.3) x105 M-1 and (1.1 ± 0.1) x105 M-1 at 299 K, for apoTf-[Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ and apoTf-[Cr(phen)3]3+, respectively. The interactions of apoTf with the different Cr(III) complexes were assessed employing UV-visible absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The relative fluorescence intensity of the protein decreased when the increasing concentration of Cr(III) complex was added, suggesting that perturbation around the Trp and Tyr residues took place. The analysis of the thermodynamic parameters &#916;G, &#916;H, &#916;S indicated that the presence of the Cr(III) complex stabilizes the protein with a strong entropic contribution. The binding distances and transfer efficiencies for apoTf-[Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ and apoTf-[Cr(phen)3]3+ binding reactions were calculated according to Föster theory of non-radiation energy transfer. All these experimental results suggest that [Cr(phen)2(dppz)]3+ and [Cr(phen)3]3+ bind strongly to apoTf indicating that this protein could act as a carrier of these complexes for further applications in PDT. ","palabras_clave":"CHROMIUM(III) COMPLEXES|TRANSFERRIN|FLUORESCENCE QUENCHING|THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114386,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ANALISIS DEL ENTORNO SINÓPTICO ASOCIADO CON EVENTOS DE BOW-ECHO EN LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES","resumen":"Durante la madrugada del día 21 de Octubre de 2008&nbsp; se desarrollaron tres líneas    convectivas en la provincia de Buenos Aires, captadas por  los radares meteorológicos de    las localidades de Ezeiza y Pergamino. La estructura  espacial y evolución temporal del    campo de reflectividad de estos sistemas, configuración de  línea en arco, responde al    modo convectivo conocido con el nombre de \u201Cbow-echo\u201D. La  imagen doppler del radar    de Ezeiza registró un fenómeno típico en la parte posterior  de estas líneas en arco: los    vientos intensos mayores a 20 m.s-1.&nbsp;    El objetivo principal de este estudio es comprender las  condiciones sinópticas que    acompañaron la ocurrencia de estos sistemas para poder  contribuir al pronóstico de su    ocurrencia. En este evento las condiciones de humedad  especifica en la zona del norte de    la provincia de Buenos Aires (q&#8805; 12-14 g.kg-1), así como la de cortante vertical del viento    por debajo del nivel de 700 hPa (Us&gt;15 m.s-1) coinciden en indicar al entorno como    favorable al desarrollo del mismo, aunque no así los valores  disponibles de CAPE    evaluados para parcelas que se elevan desde superficie.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"EVENTO BOW ECHO|RADAR METEOROLOGICO|CONDICIONES SINOPTICAS DEL ENTORNO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114387,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Morphofunctional and geographic segregation among species of lasiurine bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from the South American Southern Cone","resumen":"Four morphologically similar species of insectivorous bats in the genus Lasiurus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) regularly occur in the American Southern Cone. Three of them (Lasiuruscinereus, L. blossevillii and L. ega) are sympatric over many regions, whereas the remaining species (L. varius, closely related to L. blossevillii) is allopatric, occurring in the Patagonian Temperate Rainforest. A multivariate analysis of 14 craniodental variables for 99 specimens from the four species confirmed size separating two small species from two large ones, and revealed morphofunctional aspects of mastication segregating the two large species on the basis ofdifferences in temporal muscle function (coronoid process height and length of rostrum). We predict ecological (trophic) differences among these lasiurines consistent with their segregationin the morphofunctional space and in combination with the sympatric vs. allopatric condition of species pairs or triads.","palabras_clave":"CHIROPTERA|CRANIAL MORPHOLOGY|LASIURUS|TROPHIC PARTITIONING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114388,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evolutionary Relationships of the Old World Fruit Bats (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae): Another Star Phylogeny?","resumen":"Background: The family Pteropodidae comprises bats commonly known as megabats or Old World fruit bats. Molecular phylogenetic studies of pteropodids have provided considerable insight into intrafamilial relationships, but these studies have included only a fraction of the extant diversity (a maximum of 26 out of the 46 currently recognized genera) and have failed to resolve deep relationships among internal clades. Here we readdress the systematics of pteropodids by applying a strategy to try to resolve ancient relationships within Pteropodidae, while providing further insight into subgroup membership, by 1) increasing the taxonomic sample to 42 genera; 2) increasing the number of characters (to &gt;8,000 bp) and nuclear genomic representation; 3) minimizing missingdata; 4) controlling for sequence bias; and 5) using appropriate data partitioning and models of sequence evolution.Results: Our analyses recovered six principal clades and one additional independent lineage (consisting of a single genus) within Pteropodidae. Reciprocal monophyly of these groups was highly supported and generally congruent among the different methods and datasets used. Likewise, most relationships within these principal clades were well resolved and statistically supported. Relationships among the 7 principal groups, however, were poorly supported in all analyses. This result could not be explained by any detectable systematic bias in the data orincongruence among loci. The SOWH test confirmed that basal branches\u2019 lengths were not different from zero, which points to closely-spaced cladogenesis as the most likely explanation for the poor resolution of the deep pteropodid relationships. Simulations suggest that an increase in the amount of sequence data is likely to solve this problem.Conclusions: The phylogenetic hypothesis generated here provides a robust framework for a revised cladistic classification of Pteropodidae into subfamilies and tribes and will greatly contribute to the understanding of character evolution and biogeography of pteropodids. The inability of our data to resolve the deepest relationships of the major pteropodid lineages suggests an explosive diversification soon after origin of the crown pteropodids. Several characteristics of pteropodids are consistent with this conclusion, including high species diversity, great morphological diversity, and presence of key innovations in relation to their sister group.","palabras_clave":"molecular phylogenetic systematics|chiroptera|flying foxes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114389,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Magnetic field influence on the transient photoresistivity of defect-induced magnetic ZnO films","resumen":"Magnetic field dependent photoresistivity was measured at 280 K in ZnO ferromagnetic films grown on r-plane Al2O3 under a N2 atmosphere. A correlation between the negative magneto photoresistivity and the existence of defect-induced magnetic order was found. The effect of magnetic field on the transient photoresistivity is to slow down the recombination process enhancing the photocarriers density. The experimental results demonstrate the possibility of tuning photocarriers life time using magnetic field in diluted magnetic semiconductors.","palabras_clave":"DEFECT INDUCED MAGNETISM|ZINC OXIDE|PHOTORESISTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114390,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Prolonged exposure to growth hormone impairs insulin signaling in the heart","resumen":"Acromegaly is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, which is believed to be a direct consequence of chronically elevated GH and IGF1. Given that insulin is important for cardiac growth and function, and considering that GH excess induces hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and cardiac alterations, it is of interest to study insulin sensitivity in this tissue under chronic conditions of elevated GH. Transgenic mice overexpressing GH present cardiomegaly and perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in the heart. Mice received an insulin injection, the heart was removed after 2 min, and immunoblotting assays of tissue extracts were performed to evaluate the activation and abundance of insulin-signaling mediators. Insulininduced tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) was conserved in transgenic mice, but the phosphorylationof IR substrate 1 (IRS1), its association with the regulatory subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and the phosphorylation of AKT were decreased. In addition, total content of the glucose transporter GLUT4 was reduced in transgenic mice. Insulin failed to induce the phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). However,transgenic mice displayed increased basal activation of the IR\/IRS1\/PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR and p38 signaling pathways along with higher serine phosphorylation of IRS1, which is recognized as an inhibitory modification. We conclude that GH-overexpressing mice exhibit basal activation of insulin signaling but decreased sensitivity to acute insulin stimulation at several signaling steps downstream of the IR in the heart. These alterations may be associated with the cardiac pathology observed in these animals.","palabras_clave":"GH|insulin|heart|mice"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114391,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EFFECTS OF GEOMAGNETIC SUPER STORMS ON THE IONOSPHERIC F-REGION IN THE SOUTH AMERICAN SECTOR USING A GPS TECHNIQUE: A REVIEW","resumen":"In the present investigation, the effect of several super storms on the ionospheric region covering the South American sector (Brazil and Argentina) has been studied using a GPS technique. The super storm periods studied include geomagnetically quiet, disturbed and arecovery phases. Considering super storms with |Dst| > 250 nT, four periods with six super storm events have been analyzed. The four periods analyzed are 05-08 April 2000 (only Brazilian sector), 27-31 October 2003 (Brazilian and Argentinean sectors), 19-23 November 2003 (only Brazilian sector), and 06-11 November 2004 (Brazilian and Argentinean sectors). In this review, we present and discuss in a consolidated form during the results obtained by us during these superstorms. Both vertical total electron content (VTEC) and phase fluctuations (TECU\/min) from several GPS stations (for which data were available) have been presented. Phase fluctuations are a good indicator of spread-F irregularities with a few km sizes. We have compared the observed TEC at different GPS observing sites during the four periods with the TIME-GCM simulation results. The model results show both similarities and differences from the observed results. Large variations (both positive and negative storm phases) in the VTEC during the main and recovery phases compared to quiet day variation  were observed in several super storm events studied. The phase fluctuations indicate the presence of plasma bubbles extending to the Argentinean sector during the post-sunset pre-reversal period of super storms on the nights of 29-30 and 30-31 October 2003, and 07-08 November 2004.","palabras_clave":"Ionosphere|Storm|GNSS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114392,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Novel monitor paradigm for real-time exposure assessment.","resumen":"A wearable monitor that can reliably, accurately, and continuously   measure personal exposure levels of various toxicants would not only   accelerate the current environmental and occupational health and safety   studies, but also enable new studies that are not possible with the   current monitoring technology.  Developing such a monitor has been a difficult challenge, and requires   innovative sensing science and creative engineering.  We have developed, built, and tested a wearable monitor for real-time   detection of toxic hydrocarbons   and acids in the environment.  The monitor is low-cost, accurate, and user friendly.  In addition, it can communicate wirelessly with a cell phone in which   the monitoring results can be processed, displayed, stored, and   transmitted to a designated computer.  We have validated the functions and performance of the monitor, and   carried out field tests with workers involving waste management, fire   overhaul, and floor-cleaning activities, as well as with first- and   second-hand smokers.  The averaged exposure levels are in agreement with those determined by   the standard NIOSH methods.  The monitor provides accurate and real-time exposure assessment for the   workers involving different activities.  The real-time and continuous monitoring capability makes it possible to   correlate the exposure levels with different activities and changes in   the microenvironments.  The monitor provides unprecedented real-time information that will help   advance occupational safety and environmental health studies.  It may also be used to better protect workers from occupational   overexposure to toxic molecules.","palabras_clave":"REAL-TIME|SENSOR|TOXIC |MICROENVIRONMENTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114393,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Asymmetric pulsing for reliable operation of titanium\/manganite  memristors","resumen":"We present a pulsing protocol that significantly increases the endurance of a titanium-manganite interface used as a binary memory cell. The core of this protocol is an algorithm that searches for the proper values for the set and reset pulses, canceling the drift in the resistance values. A set of experiments show the drift-free operation for more than 105 switching cycles, as well as the detrimental effect by changing the amplitude of pulses indicated by the protocol. We reproduced the results with a numerical model, which provides information on the dynamics of the oxygen vacancies during the switching cycles. © 2011 American Institute of Physics. doi:10.1063\/1.3565431","palabras_clave":"MEMORY DEVICES|RRAM|MEMRISTORS|MANGANITE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114394,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Resistive switching in ceramic multiferroic Bi0.9Ca0.1FeO3","resumen":"AbstractWe report resistive switching effects in polycrystalline samples of the multiferroic Bi0.9Ca0.1FeO3 with silver electrodes. Mössbauer spectroscopy shows that upon Ca-doping the Fe remains in a 3+ valence state, suggesting charge compensation through the creation of large amounts of oxygen vacancies. Electrical characterization shows that the oxide\/metal resistance can be switched between high and low resistance states by applying voltage pulses. This process was shown to be forming free and a strong relaxation after switching was found. We rationalize our results by considering oxygen vacancies migration to and from the metal\u2013oxide interface, resulting in variations of the Schottky potential barrier height that modulate the interface resistance.","palabras_clave":"resistive switching|devices|multtiferroics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114395,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Noise-assisted multibit storage device","resumen":"In this Letter we extend our investigations on noise-assisted storage devices through the experimental study of a loop composed of a single Schmitt trigger and an element that introduces a finite delay. We show that such a system allows the storage of several bits and does so more efficiently for an intermediate range of noise intensities. Finally, we study the probability of erroneous information retrieval as a function of elapsed time and show a way for predicting device performance independently of the number of stored bits.","palabras_clave":"Noise-assisted information storage|Memory Device"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114396,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Tendiendo puentes entre la ecología evolutiva y la conservación del mundo vertical","resumen":"Las herramientas moleculares han contribuido significativamente al desarrollo de la genética de poblaciones y al análisis de hipótesis biogeográficas. Mientras que los polimorfismos de marcadores neutros pueden utilizarse para estudiar los efectos de la deriva y el aislamiento producto de eventos históricos y procesos ecológicos actuales, los caracteres cuantitativos y ecofisiológicos permiten dilucidar el accionar de la selección natural promoviendo respuestas adaptativas o plásticas. La combinación de estas herramientas en estudios a campo y experimentales en especies arbóreas de géneros carismáticos y con distintas características de historia de vida como Embothrium, Fitzroya, Nothofagus, Pilgerodendron y Podocarpus de Patagonia, y este último también de Yungas, son objeto de estudios de caso buscando realizar un aporte al conocimiento de su evolución y conservación bajo escenarios de cambio.   Con estas palabras ?... Bajo los volcanes, junto a los ventisqueros, entre los grandes lagos, el fragante, el silencioso, el enmarañado bosque??  Pablo Neruda (1974) describía al bosque de la Patagonia Chilena como un ?mundo vertical?. Asimismo, en el primer párrafo de la introducción del Origen de las Especies, Darwin (1859) menciona que ?quedó maravillado por ciertos hechos acerca de la distribución de los seres vivos de Sudamérica y de las relaciones geológicas de sus habitantes actuales con el pasado?.  ¿Quién podría entonces resistirse a estudiar la historia evolutiva de los bosques de Argentina y Chile y su complejo entorno natural? A pesar de numerosos estudios sobre la evolución y la ecología de estos bosques (e.g. Romero 1986; Donoso 1987), muchos interrogantes existían hacia fines de los años ?80 acerca de los patrones de divergencia genética. Esto vale para especies características de los bosques cuyo origen se remonta cuando los continentes australes formaban parte de Gondwana. Dada la heterogeneidad espacial y temporal de estos ambientes, es relevante analizar la base genética de la variación, tanto interespecífica como intraespecífica. Además, bajo la crisis actual de biodiversidad, resulta necesario evaluar las consecuencias genéticas del aumento en la frecuencia de disturbios (e.g. fuego) como así también de la pérdida de áreas de bosque y el incremento de la fragmentación, principalmente sobre especies amenazadas y\/o en peligro de extinción. Por otro lado, es prioritario conocer las potenciales respuestas genéticas y\/o plásticas de especies clave de bosque bajo escenarios de cambio climático, las cuales serían susceptibles a modificaciones en sus rangos de distribución, como por ejemplo especies de árboles que habitan ambientes de montaña subtropicales como las Yungas y templados de Patagonia.","palabras_clave":"ADN  CLOROPLASTO|BIOGEOGRAFÍA|BOSQUE|CONSERVACIÓN|FILOGEOGRAFÍA|ISOENZIMAS|PATAGONIA|YUNGAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114397,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multiple Pleistocene refugia in the widespread patagonian tree Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae)","resumen":"Embothrium coccineum J.R. Forst. & G. Forst is an endemic tree of the Patagonian  temperate forest. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of last glaciation  events on the genetic structure of this widespread and ecologically tolerant species, to  postulate possible refugial areas. Phylogeographic analyses were performed using  chloroplast DNA sequences (trnL-trnF spacer and ndhC-trnV spacer) from individuals  collected in 34 populations along the total range of the species, and these results were  compared with a similiar study in Nothofagus. A total of 22 haplotypes were found, three  of which were widely distributed while 13 were found at only one location. Historical  demography suggests a long period of stable effective population size, decreasing  gradually towards the LGM, followed by an increase in population size that stabilized  2,500 years ago. The phylogeographic analyses reflect recent events of colonization after  LGM from multiple refugia. In the northern area of its distribution probably the species  survived in several pockets within the Andes mountain range and in Cordillera de la  Costa in Chile. While in the South, it is suggested that Embothrium survived the glacial  period at the edge of the glaciers. These findings are in agreement with the fossil pollen  that recorded 10,000 years old grains in the south suggesting colonization from nearby  areas when ice retreated. Embothrium is a colonizer that naturally occurs as scattered  individuals within mixed forests. Hence, the shallow phylogeographic structure reported  here reflects a Plesitocene signature highly impacted by drift and high levels of gene flow  resulting in the randomly fixation of new variants reducing the cpDNA structure.","palabras_clave":"CHLOROPLAST DNA|EMBOTHRIUM|GLACIAL REFUGIA|HISTORICAL DEMOGRAPHY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114398,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Accuracy of dominant markers for estimation of relatedness and heritability in an experimental stand of Prosopis alba (Leguminosae)","resumen":" Abstract  The estimation of genetic components of pheno-typic  variance  is  based  on  the  resemblance  between relatives. In natural populations of most forest tree specieswithout  genealogical  information,  a  possible  alternative  approach  is  the  use  of  relatedness  estimates  obtained indirectly from molecular marker data. Heritability (h2) isthen estimated from the covariance of estimated relatedness and phenotypic resemblance. In a stand of Prosopis alba planted in 1991 in Argentina, relatedness was estimated forall individual pairs of trees by means of the informationproceeding from 128 dominant markers (57 AFLPs and 71 ISSRs)  and  compared  with  estimates  obtained  from  simicrosatellite  loci  previously  studied.  We  empirically compared the accuracy of different relatedness estimators based  on  dominant  markers  proposed  by  Lynch  and Milligan  (Mol  Ecol  3:91\u201399,  1994),  Hardy  (Mol  Ecol 12:1577\u20131588,  2003),  Wang  (Mol  Ecol  13:3169\u20133178, 2004),  and  Ritland  (Mol  Ecol  14:3157\u20133165,  2005). Heritabilities of 13 quantitative traits were then estimated from  the  regression  of  pairwise  phenotypic  distances  on pairwise  relatedness  according  to  Ritland  (Genet  Res 67:175\u2013185,  1996a).  Relatedness inferred from molecular markers was in all cases significantly correlated with actual relatedness, although Ritland´s estimator showed the highest bias  but  the  lowest  variance.  Dominant  marker-based  h2 estimates  were  evidently  downwards  biased  and  showed poor  correlation  with  those  based  on  family  records.  In conclusion, the use of dominant molecular markers evidently produces much greater underestimates of h2 than from using co-dominant ones, attributable to the lower accuracy in the indirect  estimation  of  relatedness  coefficient.  Many  traits with  enough  genetic  variability  as  to  respond  readily  to selection  would  remain  undetected;  only  those  with  very high heritability would show significant h2 estimates.","palabras_clave":"RELATEDNESS|HERITABILITY|LEGUMINOSAE|.MOLECULAR MARKERS.|PROSOPIS ALBA|FOREST TREES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114399,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Intestinal populations of Lactobacilli and coliforms after in vivo Salmonella dublin challenge and their relationship with microbial translocation in calves supplemented with lactic acid bacteria and lactose","resumen":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between intestinal microbial populations and bacterial translocation in young calves supplemented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and lactose and experimentally infected with Salmonella dublin DSPV 595T. Fifteen calves were divided into three groups (a control group, a group inoculated with  LAB, and a group inoculated with LAB and lactose), with 5, 6 and 4 animals each, were used. The LAB inoculum, composed of Lactobacillus casei DSPV 318T, L. salivarius DSPV 315T and Pediococcus acidilactici DSPV 006T was administered together with the milk replacer. The groups inoculated with LAB and LAB and lactose received a daily dose of 109 CFU\/kg body weight of each strain throughout the experiment. Lactose was provided in doses of 100 g\/d. The administration of the pathogen was performed on all animals on day 11 of the experiment with 2×(10)10 CFU. The levels of probiotic inoculum found in the large intestine of the animals from the two groups inoculated with the probiotic [0] were of 5 log10 CFU\/g, whereas those in the small intestine were of 5 log10 CFU\/g in the animals inoculated with LAB and lactose, and approximately 1 log10 CFU\/g less in the group inoculated with LAB. The levels of Salmonella in both, the small and large intestines, were between 3 log10 CFU\/g and 4 log10 CFU\/g. High microbial loads were found in the internal organs. Lactobacillus spp. were found only in the lymph nodes of the two groups inoculated with the probiotic, in very low amounts (<1 log10 CFU\/g). Despite the high concentration of Salmonella administered to calves, the LAB inoculum of bovine origin was not capable of translocating to the internal organs in the extreme situations of intestinal imbalance generated by the pathogen.","palabras_clave":"Probiotic|Calves|Lactobacillus|Lactose"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114400,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of lactic acid bacteria and lactose on growth performance and intestinal microbial balance of artificially reared calves","resumen":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lactose and a microbial inoculum integrated by three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains of bovine origin to improve the growth performance and the intestinal microbial balance in young calves. The experimental group of calves was administered with an inoculum consisting of three microorganisms (Lactobacillus casei DSPV 318 T, Lactobacillus salivarius DSPV 315 T and Pediococcus acidilactici DSPV 006 T) suspended in a solution of NaCl 0.15 M, at a daily dose of 109 CFU\/kg for 35 days, whereas the control group was administered only NaCl solution as placebo. A factorial design with repeated measures in complete blocks at random was used. Four blocks with six calves each were built and the six proposed treatments randomly distributed. The experiment was performed in 35 days. We found no differences in the growth performance parameters for the probiotic and  lactose factors. The probiotic and lactose factors showed significant differences in the values of the Lactobacillus spp. counts in feces. The animals supplemented with the probiotic showed the highest LAB counts, which remained constant during the experiment. The animals which consumed the intermediate level of lactose showed the highest LAB counts. Although the probiotic treatment did not reduce the fecal count of coliforms, it generated differences (Pb0.05) in the Lactobacillus\/coliforms ratio. The strategy achieved with lactose in this study allowed generating a controlled imbalance in the gastrointestinal tract of calves. This model  may be useful to evaluate the beneficial effect of the microbial inoculum with a probiotic potential, especially when adequate sanitary and environmental conditions hinder viewing.","palabras_clave":"Probiotic|Calves|Lactobacillus|Lactose"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114401,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Serine\/threonine protein kinase PrkA of the human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes: Biochemical characterization and identification of interacting partners through proteomic approaches","resumen":"Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a very serious food-borne humandisease. The analysis of the proteins coded by the L. monocytogenes genome reveals thepresence of two eukaryotic-type Ser\/Thr-kinases (lmo1820 and lmo0618) and a Ser\/Thrphosphatase(lmo1821). Protein phosphorylation regulates enzyme activities and proteininteractions participating in physiological and pathophysiological processes in bacterialdiseases. However in the case of L. monocytogenes there is scarce information aboutbiochemical properties of these enzymes, as well as the physiological processes that theymodulate. In the present work the catalytic domain of the protein coded by lmo1820 wasproduced as a functional His6-tagged Ser\/Thr-kinase, and was denominated PrkA. PrkA wasable to autophosphorylate specific Thr residues within its activation loop sequence. Asimilar autophosphorylation pattern was previously reported for Ser\/Thr-kinases fromrelated prokaryotes, whose role in kinase activity and substrate recruitment wasdemonstrated. We studied the kinase interactome using affinity chromatography andproteomic approaches. We identified 62 proteins that interact, either directly or indirectly,with the catalytic domain of PrkA, including proteins that participate in carbohydratesmetabolism, cell wall metabolism and protein synthesis. Our results suggest that PrkA couldbe involved in the regulation of a variety of fundamental biological processes.","palabras_clave":"Ser\/Thr protein kinase|Listeria monocytogenes|Phosphopeptide identification|Phosphoresidues identification|Interactome"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114402,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Contrastes de una experiencia política común: vigencia de un relato sobre el pasado nacional","resumen":"Contribución integrada al dossier dedicado a la obra de Halperín Donghi sobre el siglo XIX argentino relativa al texto&nbsp; 'De la revolución de independencia a la confederación rosista', Paidós, 1972. Prismas integra&nbsp;el Núcleo Básico de Revistas, y está indexada en Scielo, Latindex.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"Halperin Donghi|relato integral|pasado argentino|siglo XIX temprano"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114403,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Higher autonomic activation predicts better performance in Iowa Gambling Task","resumen":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the autonomic nervous system basal state and performance in decision-making tasks.    BACKGROUND:  The link between performance in decision-making tasks and acute changes in autonomic parameters during their execution has been extensively investigated. However, there is lacking evidence regarding the relationship between decision making and basal autonomic state.    METHODS:  Resting autonomic nervous system activity in 18 healthy individuals was assessed by means of heart rate variability (HRV) analysis before conducting 3 different decision-making tasks: an ambiguous one, the Iowa Gambling Task; a test that assesses risk-taking behavior, the Game of Dice Task; and a test that assesses reversal learning behavior, the Reversal Learning Task. The tasks were administered in a random manner.    RESULTS:  There was a direct correlation between the Iowa Gambling Task net score and the resting low frequency HRV (r = 0.73; P < 0.001), which is strongly influenced by sympathetic activity. No correlations were found between HRV and the Game of Dice Task net score or the Reversal Learning Task last error trial.    CONCLUSIONS:  The results are compatible with the idea that a higher basal activation of autonomic nervous system is beneficial for subsequent decision-making process.","palabras_clave":"AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM|HEART RATE VARIABILITY|DECISION MAKING|IOWA GAMBLING TASK"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114404,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of MgO activation conditions on its catalytic properties for base-catalyzed reactions","resumen":"The effect of the MgO calcination temperature on its basicity and catalytic properties was studied. Three MgO samples calcined at 673, 773 and 873 K (samples MgO-673, MgO- 773 and MgO-873) were characterized by different physical and spectroscopic techniques. The surface base properties were probed by temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 and infrared spectroscopy after CO2 adsorption at 298 K and sequential evacuation at increasing temperatures. The dimensions of face-centered cubic unit cell for MgO samples decreased while crystallinity and mean crystallite size increased with calcination temperature. MgO samples contained surface sites of strong (low coordination O2- anions), medium (oxygen in Mg2+-O2- pairs) and weak (OH- groups) basicity. The density of strong basic sites was predominant on MgO-673, but decreased with the calcination temperature together with the density of OH- groups; on the contrary, the density of Mg2+-O2- pair sites increased with calcination temperature. The catalytic properties of MgO samples were explored for the cross-aldol condensation of citral with acetone to obtain pseudoionones (PS), the transesterification of methyl oleate with glycerol to yield monoglycerides (MG), and the gasphase hydrogen transfer reaction of mesityl oxide with 2-propanol to form 4-methyl-3-penten- 2ol (UOL). The initial PS and MG formation rates decreased with calcination temperature following a trend similar to the density of strong basic sites which suggested that the rate limiting steps for both reactions involve coordinatively unsaturated O2- active sites. In contrast, the initial UOL formation rate in mesityl oxide\/2-propanol reaction increased with MgO calcination temperature following the same trend as medium-strength basic sites, thereby indicating that Mg2+-O2- pairs promote the formation of the six-atom cyclic intermediate needed in the Meerwein\u2013Ponndorf\u2013Verley mechanism.","palabras_clave":"MgO ACTIVATION|BASE-CATALYZED REACTIONS|MONOGLYCERIDES|HYDROGEN TRANSFER|ALDOL CONDENSATION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114405,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"THE PATAGONIAN SCALLOP FISHING GROUNDS IN SHELF BREAK FRONTAL AREAS: THE NON ASSESSED BENTHIC FRACTION","resumen":"In this study, a Picard dredge was used to sample the benthic community in shelf-break frontal areas off Argentina in order to detect species that could be sensitive to fishing activities but are not usually caught during annual monitoring of Patagonian scallop and associated fauna. The present results show at least 62 taxa not reported previously as components of the benthos in the scallop grounds that are potentially subjected to trawling disturbance.","palabras_clave":"BY-CATCH|PATAGONIAN SCALLOP FISHERY|INFAUNA|PICARD DREDGE|BIODIVERSITY|ARGENTINE SEA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114406,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"H(2)O(2) scavenging inhibits G1\/S transition by increasing nuclear levels of p27(KIP1)","resumen":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate cell cycle regulation by scavenging H(2)O(2) in tumor cells. A significant arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle was demonstrated in CH72-T4 carcinoma cells exposed to catalase, associated with a decrease in cyclin D1 and an increase in the CDK inhibitory protein p27(KIP1). Moreover, we found a differential intracellular distribution of p27(KIP1), which remained in the nucleus after catalase treatment. In vivo experiments showed an increase in nuclear levels of p27(KIP1) associated with the inhibition of tumor growth by H(2)O(2) scavenging, confirming in vitro results. To conclude, H(2)O(2) scavenging may induce cell cycle arrest through the modulation of cyclin D1 and p27(KIP1) levels and nuclear localization of p27(KIP1). To our knowledge, this is the first report that demonstrates that the modulation of ROS alters the intracellular localization of a key regulatory protein of G1\/S transition.","palabras_clave":"HYDROGEN PEROXIDE|CANCER CELLS|PROLIFERATION|CELL CYCLE|CYCLIN D1|P27 KIP1"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114407,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Estimating RASATI scores using acoustical parameters","resumen":"Acoustical analysis of speech using computers has reached an important&nbsp; development in the latest years. The subjective evaluation of a clinician is complemented with an objective measure of relevant parameters of voice. Praat, MDVP (Multi Dimensional Voice Program) and SAV (Software for Voice Analysis) are some examples of software for speech analysis. This paper describes an approach to estimate the subjective characteristics of RASATI&nbsp; scale given objective acoustical parameters. Two approaches were used: linear regression with non-negativity constraints, and neural networks. The experiments show that such approach gives correct evaluations with ±1 error in 80% of the cases. &nbsp;","palabras_clave":"Speech disorders|RASATI scale"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114408,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Development of a voice database to aid children with hearing impairments","resumen":"In the development of software for voice analysis or training, for people with hearing impairments, a database having sounds of properly pronounced words is of paramount importance. This paper shows the advantage that will be obtained from getting an own voice database, rather than using those coming from other countries, even having the same language, in the development of speech training software aimed to people with hearing impairments. This database will be used by software developers at the School of Engineering of Mar del Plata National University.","palabras_clave":"VOICEDATA|HEARING|SPEACH|DISORDERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114409,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Simulador de Deficiencias Auditivas","resumen":"El estándar para compresión de audio de alta calidad MPEG es una norma desarrollada con el fin de comprimir señales sin perder información relevante. En particular, el estándar MPEG-1 Audio Layer III se basa en el modelo Psicoacústico I. A lo largo del presente trabajo se desarrolla un sistema que explota las características de dicho modelo perceptual para simular distintos tipos de discapacidades auditivas partiendo de las curvas que representan el umbral de audición del oido en función de la frecuencia. Se realizan experimentos objetivos y subjetivos con el fin de analizar el funcionamiento del simulador con algunos tipos de deficiencias auditivas.","palabras_clave":"DEFICIENCIAS AUDITIVAS|MODELO PSICOACUSTICO|AUDIOMETRIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114410,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Morphological plasticity associated with environmental    hypoxia in characiform fishes from neotropical  floodplain lakes","resumen":"The ability to develop reversible dermal extensions on the lower jaw in some South American characiform fishes has been proposed as a way to optimize the performance of aquatic surface respiration (ASR) during hypoxic conditions. These structures are formed by edema of the hypodermal tissues and can develop in a large proportion of individuals inhabiting a lake within a few hours following daily changes in dissolved oxygen. Our results report the development of dermal lip protuberances in eleven species of characiform fishes associated with periods of strong environmental hypoxia in floodplain lakes of Salado River, Argentina. Protuberances occurred in different basic forms in fishes with divergent head morphology (genera Astyanax, Ctenobrycon, Aphyocharax, Brycon, Mylossoma, Triportheus, Oligosarcus and Acestrorhynchus). The discovery of dermal projections on the anterior border of maxillary bone extends the known range of structures affected by lip protuberances. Dermal structures began to develop simultaneously in both jaws below dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations of 1.20 to 1.75 mgl-1 and rose in a steep manner as oxygen level decreased. The degree of morphological plasticity differed among traits and species. The shape of response of morphology to DO was similar to that previously reported on ASR providing additional evidence about the functional link between these traits. Our study suggests that dermal lip protuberances are widely spread among characiform fishes, affecting several mouth structures. The different types of protuberances would make up for the limitations imposed by body size and mouth shape and position on the performance of ASR in fishes with divergent morphology.","palabras_clave":"AQUATIC SURFACE RESPIRATION|DISSOLVED OXYGEN|DERMAL LIP PROTUBERANCES|PARANÁ RIVER BASIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114411,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First record of chytrid fungus in Lithobates catesbeianus from Argentina: exotic species and conservation","resumen":"The chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the Chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (B.d.), is recognized as one of the major factors of amphibian decline. Global trade of amphibians is pointed as one of the causes of B.d. spread, involving hundreds of species world wide. In this work we determine the presence of B.d. through histological examination on five of the nine analyzed specimens of bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) from a farm in Santa Fe city (Argentina), deposited since 1993 in the herpetological collection of the Provincial Museum of Natural Sciences \u201CFlorentino Ameghino\u201D. Our finding represents the oldest register of B.d. for Argentina and the first case of the chytrid fungus infecting the exotic bullfrog for this country. We emphasize the importance of determine and monitoring the distribution and spread of B.d in Argentina, particularly in areas where feral bullfrog populations have being already identified.","palabras_clave":"chytridiomycosis|biological invasion|Museum historical records|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114412,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Nitric oxide, nitrosyl iron complexes, ferritin and frataxin: a well equipped team to preserve plant iron homeostasis","resumen":"Iron is a key element in plant nutrition. Iron deficiency as well iron overload result in seriousmetabolic disorders that affect photosynthesis, respiration and general plant fitness with directconsequences on crop production.More than 25% of the cultivable land possesses low iron availability due to high pH (calcareoussoils). Plant biologists are challenged by this concern and aimed to find new avenues to ameliorateplant responses and keep iron homeostasis under control even at wide range of iron availability invarious soils. For this purpose, detailed knowledge of iron uptake, transport, storage andinteractions with cellular compounds will help to construct a more complete picture of its role asessential nutrient. In this review we summarize and describe the recent findings involving fourcentral players involved in keeping cellular iron homeostasis in plants: nitric oxide, ferritin, frataxinand nitrosyl iron complexes. We attempt to highlight the interactions among these actors in thedifferent scenarios occurring under iron deficiency or iron overload, and discuss their counteractingand\/or coordinating actions leading to the control of iron homeostasis.","palabras_clave":"IRON|NITRIC OXIDE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114413,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Kinetics of adsorption of oxalic acid on different titanium dioxide samples","resumen":"FTIR-ATR kinetic studies on the adsorption of oxalic acid on different TiO2 films were performed. The particulatefilms were obtained through the evaporation of TiO2 suspensions. The evolution of the IR bandsfollowed a pseudo-first-order behavior, as previously observed. Systematic studies as a function of theoxalic acid concentration afforded the specific rate constant for adsorption (ka) and desorption (kd).The influence of physical parameters of the samples, i.e., specific BET area, crystalline domain size,TiO2 load, film area, and pore size, on the kinetic parameters ka and kd was analyzed. A mechanism inwhich the adsorption and desorption processes are controlled by the diffusion through the pores ofthe films is proposed (intraparticle diffusion). It is concluded that all the samples behave in the sameway. Thicker films or those with smaller particle size (higher specific surface area, smaller pores) showthe slowest rates of adsorption and desorption. These results are relevant for the design of efficient heterogeneouscatalysts and sensors, and for the interpretation of pollutant adsorption.","palabras_clave":"oxalic acid|titanium dioxide|adsorption kinetics|FTIR- ATR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114414,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Extrusion Conditions and Zea Mays Endosperm Hardness affecting Gluten Free Spaghetti Quality","resumen":"The effects of extrusion temperature (80, 90 and 100 C) and flour moisture content (27%, 31% and 35%) oncorn spaghetti quality were evaluated according to a factorial experimental design. Flours obtained from asoft and hard endosperm were processed in a Brabender single screw extruder. Corn spaghettis with goodcooking characteristics and resistance to overcooking were obtained by extrusion at 27% flour moisturecontent for the three temperatures used. They have higher resistance to hydration, long cooking time (around11 vs. 7 min for poor quality) and low cooking loss (lower than 9% for a 10-min overcooking). Softerendosperm allowed obtaining better spaghetti quality. Among different physicochemical properties, enzymesusceptibility could be used as an indicator of mechanical energy dissipated by friction. During extrusioncooking, the native structure is partially destroyed, and new crystalline ones, corresponding to the amylose\u2013lipid complex, are formed.","palabras_clave":"corn |extrusion|quality|pasta"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114415,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Propiedades antioxidantes e inhibición de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina I (ECA I) de fracciones ultrafiltradas de hidrolizados de hemoglobin bovina","resumen":"El estrés oxidativo y la hipertensión arterial juegan un rol muy importante en las enfermedades crónicas. Una alternativa para obtener péptidos con propiedades antioxidantes y antihipertensivas naturales es la hidrólisis enzimática de proteínas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue obtener fracciones de hidrolizados proteicos de concentrado de hemoglobina bovina (CHB) con propiedades antioxidantes y antihipertensivas concentradas. Se prepararon 4 hidrolizados a partir del CHB usando diferentes proteasas que fueron fraccionados por ultrafiltración (corte 5kDa). A las fracciones ultra-filtradas se les determinó la capacidad antioxidante (inhibición del radical ABTS+) y sus propiedades antihipertensivas (inhibición de ECA I). La hidrólisis enzimática incrementó la capacidad antioxidante y actividad antihipertensiva del CHB. El proceso de ultrafiltración permitió concentrar la actividad antioxidante de los diferentes hidrolizados proteicos. Sin embargo, para el caso de la actividad antihipertensiva no hubo diferencias importantes que justifiquen el empleo de dicho proceso.","palabras_clave":"ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE|ACTIVIDAD ANTIHIPERTENSIVA|HIDROLIZADOS|ULTRAFILTRACIÓN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114416,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of extrusion process on antioxidant and ACE inhibition properties from bovine haemoglobin concentrate hydrolysates incorporated into expanded maize products.","resumen":"Extrusion process has been widely used for the development of many functional foods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of extrusion process on antioxidant and ACE inhibition properties from bovine hemoglobin concentrate (BHC) hydrolysates (P, FC, PF and FCF). Extrusion was carried out with a Brabender single screw extruder. The ACE inhibition and the antioxidant capacity (AC) were estimated by the inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and the inhibition of ABTS+? radical cation expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), respectively. The ACE inhibition and TEAC values from hydrolysates were significantly higher than that from BHC. The highest ACE inhibition corresponded to P hydrolysate and the highest TEAC corresponded to PF and FCF hydrolysates. The ACE inhibition  and AC from extruded products with added hydrolysates were higher than that from maize control, however the extrusion process modified both, ACE inhibition  and of AC formerly present in hydrolysates.","palabras_clave":"ETRUSION|ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PROPERTIES|ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY|HEMOGLOBIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114417,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Addition of bovine plasma hydrolysates improves the antioxidant properties of soybean and sunflower protein-based films","resumen":"The effect of adding different amounts of a bovine plasma hydrolysate (BPH) with high antioxidant capacity on the functional properties of protein films based on soybean and sunflower protein was studied. BPH caused a decrease in tensile strength, elastic modulus and glass transition temperature of the films, as well as an increase in their elongation at break and water vapor permeability, without noticeably affect their appearance. These results suggest that this hydrolysate had a plasticizing effect on film properties despite its wide distribution of molecular weights. BPH also conferred important antioxidant properties to protein films. It is noteworthy that the antioxidant capacity of the protein-based films activated with bovine plasma hydrolysate, proved to be the result of the sum of the characteristics of the protein matrix, plus of the characteristics of the hydrolysate, no synergistic or antagonistic effects were observed in this property. The use of vegetable proteins (soybean or sunflower) as a biopolymer for film preparation and its activation with bovine plasma hydrolysate with antioxidant capacity should be an approach for maximization the use of these underused proteins.","palabras_clave":"active protein-based film|antioxidant properties|plasma hydrolizates|soybean and sunflower proteins"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114418,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Iron and zinc in vitro potential availability in an infant diet with fortified bread with different iron sources or with the addition of different iron absorption promoters","resumen":"Los alimentos complementarios mas utilizados son las dietas caseras. En el presente trabajo se evaluo la disponibilidad de hierro y zinc en una dieta infantil de consumo habitual conteniendo pan fortificado con diferentes fuentes de hierro: sulfato ferroso, bisglicinato ferroso, NaFeEDTA. Tambien se utilizo pan sin fortificar con agregado de acido ascorbico, citrato de sodio o Na2EDTA como promotores de la absorcion, combinada con diversas bebidas. La dieta (papa, zapallo, semola, pan y manzana) se combino con agua, leche, te, bebida cola y bebida artificial a base de naranja. La dializabilidad (D) mineral, como indicador de la disponibilidad potencial fue determinada utilizando un metodo in vitro. El analisis estadistico se realizo utilizando ANOVA, con test de Tukey a posteriori. No hubo diferencias significativas en la DFe entre las dietas del pan fortificado con sulfato o bisglicinato; con el NaFeEDTA aumento significativamente (p&lt;0,05). El aumento de la DFe fue mayor en las dietas que tenian panes con promotores que en las que tenian panes fortificados. La bebida a base de naranja aumento la DFe, mientras que el te y la leche la disminuyeron significativamente (p&lt;0,05). La DZn aumento en forma significativa cuando el pan estaba fortificado con sulfato o NaFeEDTA, pero no cuando se fortifico con bisglicinato. El agregado de te o leche disminuyo la DZn mientras que la bebida a base de naranja la aumento significativamente (p&lt;0,05). En relacion a los promotores, las mayores DFe y DZn se observaron en las dietas con el pan sin fortificar, con agregado de Na2EDTA.2EDTA como promotores de la absorcion, combinada con diversas bebidas. La dieta (papa, zapallo, semola, pan y manzana) se combino con agua, leche, te, bebida cola y bebida artificial a base de naranja. La dializabilidad (D) mineral, como indicador de la disponibilidad potencial fue determinada utilizando un metodo in vitro. El analisis estadistico se realizo utilizando ANOVA, con test de Tukey a posteriori. No hubo diferencias significativas en la DFe entre las dietas del pan fortificado con sulfato o bisglicinato; con el NaFeEDTA aumento significativamente (p&lt;0,05). El aumento de la DFe fue mayor en las dietas que tenian panes con promotores que en las que tenian panes fortificados. La bebida a base de naranja aumento la DFe, mientras que el te y la leche la disminuyeron significativamente (p&lt;0,05). La DZn aumento en forma significativa cuando el pan estaba fortificado con sulfato o NaFeEDTA, pero no cuando se fortifico con bisglicinato. El agregado de te o leche disminuyo la DZn mientras que la bebida a base de naranja la aumento significativamente (p&lt;0,05). En relacion a los promotores, las mayores DFe y DZn se observaron en las dietas con el pan sin fortificar, con agregado de Na2EDTA.","palabras_clave":"alimentacion complementaria|dializabilidad de minerales|fortificacion de alimentos"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114419,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Larrea divaricata Cav. aqueous extract on vitamin C from natural orange juice","resumen":"Larrea divaricata Cav. is a South American plant widely distributed in Argentina with reported antioxidant and antimicrobialactivities. Vitamin C (Vit C) the most important water-soluble antioxidant, is degraded upon factors such asoxygen, heat, light, storage time and temperature, during cooking and in presence of microorganisms. The aim of thiswork was: to study the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of an aqueous extract of L. divaricata (E) on Vit C preparedin water and on Vit C from natural orange juice, submitted to different store conditions such as temperatures andoxygen. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method and used to obtained the relative Vit C concentration;Vit C decreased its activity and concentration under temperature and air oxygen, but E allowed Vit C to recoverits antioxidant activity and prevented Vit C microorganism contamination. These studies were performed in view to establishwhether L. divaricata can be used as a supplement on orange juices capable to prevent Vit C decay and microbialgrowth.","palabras_clave":"ANTIOXIDANT|LARREA DIVARICATA|VITAMIN C|ANTIMICROBIAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114420,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":".  Larrea divaricata Cav.: Scientific evidence showing its beneficial effects and its wide potential application","resumen":"Larrea divaricata Cav. (jarilla) (Zygophyllaceae) is used in Argentinean folk medicine. It contains nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a lignan with nefrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects. The presence of NDGA converts controversial the use of L. divaricata. The amount of NDGA is higher in alcoholic extracts than in aqueous extracts (AE). The last 20 years had a great advance on the use of AE to treat different conditions in a safe manner. In this review, we present the scientific results tending to confirm the potential beneficial effects of the AE on human health. The anti-proliferative effects of AE of L. divaricata have been assayed on a tumor lymphoid line (BW 5147) and the pathways involved in such effects were described. The anti-microbial activity was determined by tests for bacteria and fungus. The anti-inflammatory activity was assayed by using carrageen and TPA induced-inflammation tests. The Immunomodulatory effects were investigated &#8213;in vivo&#8214; and &#8213;in vitro&#8214; on mice. Sub-fractions of aqueous extracts were obtained and analyzed. The immunogenicity of proteins from crude AE was characterized and antioxidant and nutritional activity were studied. The effect of an AE on hair loss was assayed. In summary, AE from L. divaricata has pharmacological activities including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer effects.","palabras_clave":"LARREA DIVARICATA|PHARMACOLOGYCAL EFFECTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114421,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"South American Medicinal Flora: a promising source of novel compounds with antiprotozoal activity","resumen":"SUMMARY. Native populations of South America have employed herb-based preparations for the treatmentof parasite diseases. In this review, some examples of South American medicinal plants from whichbioactive molecules have been isolated are presented. Results of our research related to the study of novelcompounds with antiprotozoal activity are also presented herein. Peruvin and psilostachyin, two sesquiterpenelactones isolated from the Argentine medicinal species Ambrosia tenuifolia, presented significative in vitro activity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Psilostachyin also presented in vivovitro activity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Psilostachyin also presented in vivovitro activity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Psilostachyin also presented in vivoAmbrosia tenuifolia, presented significative in vitro activity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Psilostachyin also presented in vivoAmbrosia tenuifolia, presented significative in vitro activity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Psilostachyin also presented in vivoactivity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Psilostachyin also presented in vivo activity in T. cruzi infected mice. Both compounds were also active on Leishmania spp. The results obtained suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.T. cruzi infected mice. Both compounds were also active on Leishmania spp. The results obtained suggest that psilostachyin could be considered a potential lead molecule in the development of noveltrypanocidal agents.","palabras_clave":"ANTIPROTOZOAL|NOVEL COMPOUNDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114422,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":". Potential use of low-NDGA Larrea divaricata extracts as antioxidant in foods","resumen":"Larrea divaricata Cav. is widely distributed in Argentina. Aqueous extract, of its leaves, has documented antitumoral and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract and a component, nordihydroguaiaretic acid was determined and compared using different assays. Both the aqueous extract and nordihydroguaiaretic acid exhibited antioxidant activity. However, results show that it is very likely that compounds other than nordihydroguaiaretic acid could be involved in the antioxidant activity of the extract. Since nordihydroguaiaretic acid is nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic agent, it is important to direct efforts toward the potential use of low-nordihydroguaiaretic acid L. divaricata extracts as antioxidant in foods.","palabras_clave":"LARREA DIVARICATA|NDGA|PHARMACOLOGICAL USES|ANTIOXIDANT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114423,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vivo and in vitro activity of Larrea divaricata Cav. on EL-4 cells","resumen":"Larrea divaricata is a plant widely used in folk medicine in Argentina. It has beendemonstrated that an aqueous extract of L. divaricata possess a biphasic effect on cellproliferation, at low concentrations exerts an stimulatory action and at highconcentrations exerts anti-proliferative effects upon the T lymphoma BW 5147,therefore, we propose in this paper to test the effect of the extract \u201Cin vitro\u201D and \u201Cinvivo\u201D in another T-cell lymphoma named EL-4. It was analyzed \u201Cin vitro\u201D cellproliferation, by tritiated thymidine uptake and the effect of the extract on tumorsinduced in mice analyzing tumor progression and survival.The results showed that the aqueous extract induced the proliferation of tumor cells atall the concentrations studied. The results \u201Cin vivo\u201D showed that the aqueous extractstimulated significantly the size of tumors and that untreated mice lived longer thanthose treated. It is important to note that it should be very careful in the use of plantextracts. Consequently, before using a plant extract specific scientific studies must beundertaken on different models to certificate therapeutic and adverse effects. Moreover,it can be said that L. divaricata has a specific anti-tumor mechanism of actiondepending of the targets.","palabras_clave":"Larrea divaricata|EL-4 cells"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114424,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Ionic exchange in groundwater hydrochemical evolution. Study case: the drainage basin of El Pescado creek (Buenos Aires province, Argentina)","resumen":"The phreatic aquifer beneath the Pampean plain, in eastern central Argentina, constitutes a relevantsource of water supply in the area. The objective of this work was to assess the significance of the cation exchange processes in the hydrochemical evolution of this aquifer, based on a study case located in the middle and upper basin of the El Pescado creek. Results indicate that Ca2?\/Na?exchange is the main process determining the evolution of groundwater from the recharge areas (Ca\u2013HCO3) towards the local discharge areas (Na\u2013HCO3), as well as representinga source of Na? contribution to the water in the aquifer. This hydrochemical characteristic is central to the identification of local discharge areas within a plain environment which extends regionally. The ion exchange capacity of these discharge areas has environmental importance, due to its influence on groundwater quality and potential groundwater uses. These results may be applied toany aquifer sharing similar hydrogeological characteristics.","palabras_clave":"BASE EXCHANGE|PHREATIC AQUIFER|PAMPEAN PLAIN|GROUNDWATER RECHARGE AREA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114425,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Control geológico - geomorfológico en la hidroquímica subterránea de un sector de la zona deprimida del Salado, provincia de Buenos Aires","resumen":"El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los procesos geoquímicos que asociados a las particularidades geológicas -geomorfológicas definen las características químicas del agua en un sector de la zona deprimida del Salado. En un ambiente extremadamente llano se reconocen formas menores que adquieren influencia hidrológica local. Las relaciones iónicas evidencian procesos de disolución de CO2(g) en todos los ambientes indicando la importancia de la recarga del acuífero por infiltración del agua de lluvia. En los mantos y lomadas eólicas el agua es de tipo Na-HCO3 y su composición se asocia a procesos de disolución de carbonatos cálcicos e intercambio de bases. En la planicie de inundación el agua evoluciona de tipo Na-HCO3 a tipo Na-ClSO4 y dominan los procesos de evaporación. Estas variaciones en la composición química del agua permiten determinar el control que ejercen los rasgos geomorfológicos locales en un ambiente regionalmente llano.","palabras_clave":"HIDROQUÍMICA|RÍO SALADO|GEOFORMAS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114426,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Límites y potencialidades de las reservas de agua dulce en el humedal de la Bahía de Samborombón, Argentina","resumen":"Los humedales son zonas frágiles y dinámicas expuestas a la influencia de factores naturales y humanos. El humedal de la Bahía de Samborombón se desarrolla en el límite oriental de la Región Deprimida del Salado (Provincia de Buenos Aires). El sector central y norte constituye un ambiente hidrogeológico particular donde la única fuente de agua dulce se aloja en cordones conchiles formando lentes. Desde principios del siglo XX, estos cordones han sido explotados eliminándose con ellos  importantes reservorios de agua dulce. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar los volúmenes de agua subterránea dulce eliminados como consecuencia de la actividad minera con el fin de conocer los límites y potencialidades de las reservas de agua dulce en el área. Se realizó una estimación del volumen de conchilla extraída y de la disminución del volumen de agua dulce como consecuencia de la explotación minera, a partir de relevamientos de campo, mediciones hidrogeológicas y el análisis de cartas topográficas e imágenes satelitales. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que la eliminación de las reservas de agua dulce por la extracción de conchilla afecta la sustentabilidad hídrica del área.","palabras_clave":"GESTION COSTERA INTEGRADA|CORDONES CONCHILES|AGUA SUBTERRANEA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114427,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Características del comportamiento hidrológico en áreas de llanuras basado en el análisis morfométrico. Caso de estudio: arroyo Del Tala. Provincia de Buenos Aires","resumen":"El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar las características morfométricas y su influencia hidrológica en un sistema hidrológico transicional, como es la cuenca del Arroyo Del Tala. Se trata de una cuenca ubicada en la Pampa Ondulada Argentina, con pendientes bajas e irregulares y drenaje natural moderadamente bueno. El método se basó en la recopilación-interpretación  de antecedentes para una caracterización morfométrica e hidrológica con apoyo SIG. En base a 8 descriptores morfométricos es posible reconocer que la respuesta a las crecidas es moderada a baja, indicando un escurrimiento superficial de una significación menor. La relación entre las características hidrogeológicas y la densidad de drenaje permiten deducir que la infiltración es una componente destacable en el balance hidrológico.","palabras_clave":"LLANURA|RED DE DRENAJE|SIG"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114428,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of the geologic and geomorphologic characteristics and of crab burrows on the interrelation between surface water and groundwater in an estuarine coastal wetland","resumen":"The interrelation between surface water and groundwater in intertidal flats is often studied through mathematical models. In many cases these models need to be supported by an integral analysis of the geologic, geomorphologic, hydrologic and biological characteristics of the environment that are to be obtained from field surveys. The marshy environment of the River Ajo in the Samborombon Bay wetland,  Argentina, is a typical example of an estuarine coastal zone. Geologic and geomorphologic surveys were carried out, as well as measurements of surface water and groundwater level changes as a response of the  aquifer to tidal forcing. The banks of the River Ajo are either scarped with storm flats, or mildly sloped with intertidal flats and numerous crab burrows. Sediments are mainly silty-clayey with low permeability,  and lie over silty-sandy layers. At the erosion scarps the tidal wave enters the aquifer as a subhorizontalflow through the pore space of the sediments. The tidal range in the aquifer depends on the lithological characteristics of the sediments and on the side changes of their hydraulic conductivity. The rise of the water table at high water and its subsequent fall are nearly sinusoidal, with a period similar  to that of the tide at the river. At the intertidal flats, instead, the tidal wave enters the aquifer mainly as a sub-vertical flow through the crab burrows. As the crab burrows are not interconnected, they are not  distinct pathways for preferential flow. Therefore, the groundwater flux into the river is very slow during low water, and the recovery of the water table takes a long time. The tidal influence upon the water table on both kinds of banks affects only a narrow strip of the aquifer. Not only are the characteristics of the marshy environment of the River Ajo representative of most of the Samborombon Bay wetland; they can also be extended to other similar coastal wetlands to help preserve these invaluable environments.","palabras_clave":"MARSHES|GROUNDWATER|STREAM|TIDES|SAMBOROMBON BAY|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114429,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Seasonal production of Oithona nana Giesbrecht, 1893 (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) in temperate coastal waters off Argentina","resumen":"Oithona nana (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) is a widely distributed but poorly known species. The objective of this study was to estimate the seasonal variation of O. nana secondary production in temperate coastal waters off Argentina, South West Atlantic. The species occurred throughout the year, with higher abundances in spring and winter (9692-10132 ind m-3) than in summer and autumn (5537-8635 ind m-3). Sex ratio was highly skewed for females. Total length of adults and immature stages was inversely related with temperature. Clutch size (mean ± SD = 12 ± 2 eggs sac-1) and egg diameter (mean ± SD = 45 ± 2 µm) did not change throughout the year. Embryonic time was inversely related to temperature (R2 = 0.99). Mean (± SD) population specific egg production rate (0.07 ± 0.03 day-1) did not show a clear seasonal pattern; however, slightly higher values were observed in the warmest months. O. nana integrated annual production was 9.8 mg C m-3, 94 % of which was represented by copepodites somatic growth. The key role played by O. nana in the coastal waters of the Argentine Sea warrants further ecological studies of this species under different oceanographic conditions.","palabras_clave":"COPEPODA|OITHONA NANA|PRODUCTION|TEMPERATURE|SOUTH WEST ATLANTIC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114430,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structure-directing and template roles of aromatic molecules in the self-assembly formation process of 3D Holmium-Succinate MOFs","resumen":"Two new holmium-succinate frameworks have been synthesized by the hydrolysis in situ of the succinylsalicylic acid under different hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1,&nbsp; [Ho2(C4H4O4)3(H2O)2]·0.33(C7H6O3), Pî space group,&nbsp; has a novel structure composed by 1D-SBUs consisting in [HoO9] chains of polyhedra linked by the succinate ligands giving a 3D framework. Compound 2, [Ho2(C4H4O4)3(H2O)2], also belonging to the Pî space group, has a denser structure. The role of the in situ-generated salicylic acid on the formation of both structures is studied by means of a synthesis design methodology. A topological study of the new holmium succinate compounds in comparison with the previous reported 3D holmium-succinate framework is performed here.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"MOFs|HOLMIUM|STRUCTURE DIRECTING AGENT|TEMPLATE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114431,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Breeding Advances in Passiflora spp. (Passionflower) Native to Argentina.","resumen":"Passiflora is the largest genus in the Passifloraceae family and comprises nearly 500 species. The genus  is distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics and the majority of the  species are endemic of Central and South America.  In Argentina,  19 species grouped in four subgenera are present. P. alata, P. amethystina, P. cincinnata, P. edulis f. edulis and P. umbilicata are the most interesting  species for ornamental use due to the size and colour of their flowers. The aim  of our breeding program was to obtain new forms for ornamental use. It was also  focused in cold tolerance selection. Interspecific crosses have been performed,  providing information about the combinatory ability of some species of the  genus (P. alata, P. cincinnata, P. caerulea, P. amethystina, P. edulis f. edulis and  the hybrid P. \u2018violacea\u2019). P. alata and P. caerulea were  crossed successfully in both directions, while the other combinations showed  unilateral incompatibility. Pollen tube growth was arrested in the style in the crosses P. caerulea × P. amethystina and P.  caerulea × P. alata. The  knowledge of the site where incompatibility expresses allowed the design of  complementary strategies in order to overcome the barriers to hybridization. The  chromosome numbers found in parental species and hybrids was 2n=2x=18.  Preliminary results about cold tolerance showed that P. caerulea tolerates low temperatures but P. alata and P. amethystina does not. This tolerance was reflected in their  progeny. ","palabras_clave":"CHROMOSOME NUMBER|COLD TOLERANCE|INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION|POLLEN TUBE GROWTH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114432,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Two-step Synthesis of Di- and Tristannylarenes from Anilines via an SRN1 Mechanism","resumen":"The synthesis in good yields (71\u201385%) of di- and tristannylated benzenes from commercially available anilines, involving their conversion to the corresponding aryltrimethylammonium salts followed by the reaction with Me3SnNa 1 in liquid ammonia, is described. The results obtained clearly indicate that the stannylation reactions proceed through an SRN1 mechanism.","palabras_clave":"ARYLTIN|SRN1|ARYLAMMONIUM SALTS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114433,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Selective Synthetic Routes to Sterically Hindered Unsymmetrical Diaryl Ketones via Arylstannanes","resumen":"Bulky arylstannanes and bulky aroyl chlorides are good reaction partners for the synthesis of two-, three-, and even four-ortho-substituted benzophenones, in good to excellent isolated yields (47-91%). Three simple and direct routes, with differential advantages, are proposed: (i) a catalyst-free protocol, in o-dichlorobenzene (ODCB) at 180 ºC; (ii) a room temperature protocol, using AlCl3 (0.5 equiv), in dichloromethane (DCM); and (iii) a solvent-free, indium-promoted procedure. A radical mechanism is proposed for the indium-mediated reactions.","palabras_clave":"No consigna"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114434,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A possible function for an enigmatic synapomorphy of Didelphis","resumen":"A conspicuous synapomorphy of the marsupial genus Didelphis is the hypertrophied spinous process ofcervical vertebrae (C). The tall, thick spinous processes of C2 to C6 interlock preventing any movementof the neck. A functional interpretation of this structure has been elusive. On the basis of osteologicalspecimens of D. albiventris and D. virginiana, we propose a possible function. These specimens showlarge, partially healed wounds in the spinous processes, indicating that the specimens survived majortraumatisms probably caused by carnivorans, so that the spinous processes mayhave acted as neck armor.Didelphis exhibits several other, well-known defensive traits which, in combination with generalizedfeeding and locomotor habits, altogether may have helped the lineage survive the Late Tertiary extinctionwaves in South America and the Great American Biotic Interchange.","palabras_clave":"Marsupials|Morphology|Defensive behavior|Cervical vertebrae|Great American Biotic Interchange"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114435,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Mariposas diurnas escasas y asociadas a determinados ambientes de montaña de Argentina central con nuevos registros para el área de estudio (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea y Hesperioidea)","resumen":"Se presenta un listado de 136 especies de mariposas diurnas presentes en los ambientes de montaña de Argentina central, elaborado a través de diversas campañas por los autores entre los años 1999 y 2010, con comentarios sobre algunas especies escasas y raras allí presentes, algunas endémicas, o con registros históricos pero aparentemente ausentes en la actualidad, incluyendo especies asociadas a determinados ambientes, así como también registros nuevos para el área de estudio. Se discute la necesidad de nuevos y profundos relevamientos que provean esencial información para categorizar el grado de conservación de diversas especies registradas, y determinar la influencia de las actividades antropogénicas en la lepidopterofauna diurna presente, la importancia de los listados en los procesos de gestión ambiental y la necesidad en la promoción de nuevas áreas protegidas o la real protección de aquellas con protección legal vigente.","palabras_clave":"LEPIDOPTERA|RHOPALOCERA|PAPILIONOIDEA|HESPERIOIDEA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114436,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Exploration and Collection of Ornamental Germplasm Native to Argentina.","resumen":"Many of the herbaceous ornamentals under cultivation, or their progenitor  species, are endemic to South America and  these taxa represent a valuable resource for future breeding programs. Argentina  has contributed with an important number of ornamental varieties developed from  native germplasm. For example varieties derivates from genera such as Petunia, Glandularia, Portulaca, Alstroemeria, Calceolaria and Calibrachoa have been successful and are broadly cultivated around the world. Since 1999,  the breeding working group of the Floriculture Institute (INTA-Argentina) has  successfully addressed various techniques for the domestication,  characterization and breeding of ornamental plants from native species. This  work begins with the exploration and collection of native plants and finishes  with the development of new varieties. According to latest estimates, the  vascular flora of Argentina  comprises a total of 248 families, 1927 genera and 9690 species, including 45  endemic genera and 1906 species. Among them, there are many herbs, shrubs and  trees with many colorful flowers and these are worthy of being cultivated in  our gardens. In this manuscript, we will present the plant explorations  methods, planning, organization and logistic and our experience in these  topics, emphasizing in ornamental potential of subtropical flora of Argentina. &nbsp;","palabras_clave":"ACCESSIONS|BIODIVERSITY|FLORA|FLORICULTURE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114437,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"MARIPOSAS DIURNAS (LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONOIDEA Y HESPERIOIDEA) DE LA RESERVA PRIVADA OSUNUNU-PARQUE PROVINCIAL TEYU CUARE Y ALREDEDORES DE SAN IGNACIO, PROVINCIA DE MISIONES, ARGENTINA","resumen":"Durante nueve viajes de campo realizados entre Diciembre 2008 y Septiembre 2010 se registraron 357 especies de mariposas en el Parque Provincial Teyú Cuaré y la reserva privada Osununú (Argentina), correspondientes al bioma Bosque Atlántico Interior. El listado de tales especies se presenta aquí, siendo el primer listado de Lepidoptera diurna del sector sur de Misiones. Varias especies típicas del cerrado Brasilero y Paraguayo, tales como Eurytides dolicaon deicoon, Aricoris aff. colchis y Cogia hassan evansi, fueron encontradas en el presente estudio, lo cual sugiere un posible movimiento de estas especies desde latitudes norteñas a través de bosques de galería a lo largo del río Paraná. Las especies Napaea eucharila parvipuncta  Lathy, 1932, previamente conocida solamente para Brasil (Mato Grosso) y Paraguay, y Pompeius dares (Plötz, 1883), son nuevos registros para el país. Nuestros resultados sugieren que especies adicionales serán registradas eventualmente, ya que hubo varios meses en que no se visitó la zona, especialmente en el área de pastizales localizada en los alrededores de la reserva privada Osununú, la cual posee varias especies características de tal ambiente, aún no registradas en el área.","palabras_clave":"BIODIVERSIDAD|MARIPOSAS|CERRADO|CONSERVACION|MISIONES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114438,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Redes energéticas en la Argentina. Planificación territorial en un nuevo contexto regional","resumen":"El trabajo presenta los principales ejes en que se han estructurado las propuestas de intervención en materia de infraestructura energética planteadas desde el Estado Nacional, a través de programas e iniciativas sectoriales y territoriales. Se ilustran los problemas y desafíos, así como el conjunto de estrategias explicitadas desde la administración pública mostrando las articulaciones entre situaciones de déficit energético y proyectos que modelarían un futuro distinto, en un territorio nacional caracterizado por fuertes asimetrías regionales. ","palabras_clave":"energía|Estado|planificación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114439,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Variability of the Susceptibility to Deltamethrin in Triatoma infestans. The female Factor","resumen":"We analyzed the variability of susceptibility to deltamethrin in putatively susceptible Triatoma infestans Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), and evaluated the sample size implications on the hypotheses used in the current World Health Organization protocol for the measure of insecticide resistance in Triatominae. Following the protocol, using topical application of deltamethrin to unfed Þrst instar nymphs of T. infestans, we found that susceptibility showed signiÞcant differences between offspring from different females, a signiÞcant association with female age, and signiÞcant interaction female &#1003; female age. Considering individual female data, three patterns of nymphal mortality wereidentiÞed: one showed a strong positive relation between nymphal mortality and their motherÕs age, another showed high mortality with low variability and the third showed intermediate mortality withhigh variability along female age. The analysis suggests revision of the World Health Organization protocol for resistance detection in Triatominae, not only to take into consideration the sources of variation in susceptibility, but also the effects of sample size in relation to the signiÞcance and power probabilities of the test.","palabras_clave":"Triatoma infestans|insecticide resitance| susceptibility variability|Chagas disease"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114440,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The photoinduced reaction of 2-iodothiophene in solutions of n-heptane, dichloromethane and methanol","resumen":"The photoinduced reaction of 2-iodothiophene in n-heptane, dichloromethane and methanol was studied at room temperature from experiments carried out with degassed solutions.The photoproducts of the reaction were mainly thiophene and small amounts of iodine in all three solvents used. The concentration of 2-iodothiophene decreases throughout photolysis, following a first-order rate law and the pseudo-first-order rate constants were determined in the three solvents used. The photochemistry of the system was quantified determining the quantum yields of 2-iodothiophene consumption and thiophene formation in n-heptane solutions. The results show that under the experimental conditions of this research, products deriving from the reaction of the thienyl radical were observed. To support the experimental results, calculations were performed of the ionization potential of the thienyl radical, electron affinity of the iodine atom and free energy of solvation of the corresponding iodide and carbocation in the different solvents used.","palabras_clave":"2-IODOTHIOPHENE|CHEMICAL KINETICS|PHOTOINDUCED REACTION|THIENYL RADICAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114441,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Genetic variation relevant for the conservation of the narrow endemic Senecio carbonensis (Asteraceae) from the southern Andes","resumen":"We studied morphological variation, reproductive biology, and genetic structure of Senecio carbonensis, a narrow endemic from high elevations of the southern Andes, which was compared to S. peteroanus, a closely related widespread congeneric species. ANOVAs and discriminant analysis showed that the populations of S. carbonensis were more similar between each other in their morphology, had comparatively limited reproductive capacity, and presented lower plant density and more reduced plant cover than those of S. peteroanus. Similar high genetic variation was found at the population and species level in both species, based on isozyme variation at 14 and 11 putative gene loci that were resolved in S. carbonensis and S. peteroanus, respectively. The two species were genetically distinct. However, the small genetic distance between populations of each species suggests that either they were recently founded and that genetic drift did not have time to promote divergence, or that its effects are masked by significant current gene flow. These results show that ecological and reproductive characteristics of S. carbonensis may limit its extension and abundance. In contrast, high genetic variation at the population level is probably favoured by self incompatibility. Despite the restricted geographical distribution and low plant density of S. carbonensis populations, genetic characteristics do not seem to be limiting their long term persistence. This information suggests that populations of S. carbonensis are not at risk of extinction due to genetic factors, although it would be important to study and monitor population dynamics to further assess degree of recruitment through time.","palabras_clave":"ALPINE|GENETIC DIVERSITY|ISOZYME|MORPHOLOGY|RARE SPECIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114442,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Protein palmitoylation in protozoan parasites","resumen":"Palmitoylation plays an important role in the regulation of the localization and function of the modified protein. Although many aspects of protein palmitoylation have been identified in mammalian and yeast cells, little information is available of this modification in protozoan parasites. Protein palmitoylation has been described for a few set of proteins in E.tenella, P. falciparum, T. gondii, G. lamblia and T. cruzi. Interestingly, in all these parasites palmitoylated proteins appears to be involved in vital processes such as invasion and motility. In addition to the proteins already described to be palmitoylated, other proteins also involved in these important cellular processes are predicted to be palmitoylated. Furthermore, most of these parasites contain in their genomes genes that encode for putative palmitoyl-acyl transferases, the enzymes catalyzing the palmitoylation reaction. Although protein palmitoylation could be playing key roles in invasion and motility in a variety of parasites, little is known about this important reversible modification of proteins that typically plays a role in membrane tethering. As such, this review will focus on the main features of protein palmitoylation as well as provide an overview of the state of knowledge of this modification in protozoan parasites.","palabras_clave":"PROTEIN PALMITOYLATION|PALMITOYL ACYL-TRANSFERASE|APICOMPLEXA|REWIEW"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114443,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Dynamics of the Field-Induced Formation of Hexagonal Zipped-Chain Superstructures in Magnetic Colloids","resumen":"&nbsp;Combining nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular dynamics simulations, we unravel the long-time dynamics of a paradigmatic colloid with strong dipole-dipole interactions. In a homogeneous magnetic field, ionic ferrofluids exhibit a stepwise association process from ensembles of monomers over stringlike chains to bundles of hexagonal zipped-chain patches. We demonstrate that attractive van der Waals interactions due to charge-density fluctuations in the magnetic particles play the key role for the dynamical stabilization of the hexagonal superstructures against thermal dissociation. Our results give insight into the dynamics of self-organization in systems dominated by dipolar interactions.","palabras_clave":"FERROFLUIDS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114444,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Silencing of Cardiac Mitochondrial NHE1 Prevents Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening","resumen":"Inhibition of Na+\/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) reduces cardiac ischemia\/reperfusion (I\/R) injury and also cardiac hypertrophy and failure.&nbsp; Although, the mechanisms underlying these NHE1 mediated effects suggest delay of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, and reduction of mitochondrial-derived superoxide production, the possibility of NHE1 blockade targeting mitochondria has been incompletely explored.&nbsp; A short hairpin RNA sequence mediating specific knock-down of NHE1 expression was incorporated into a lentiviral vector (shRNA-NHE1) and transduced into the rat myocardium.&nbsp; NHE1 expression of mitochondrial lysates, revealed that shRNA-NHE1 transductions reduced mitochondrial NHE1 (mNHE1) by ~60%, supporting the expression of NHE1 in mitochondria membranes.&nbsp; Electron microscopy studies corroborate the presence of NHE1 in heart mitochondria.&nbsp; Immunostaining of rat cardiomyocytes also suggest co-localization of NHE1 with the mitochondrial marker, cytochrome C oxidase.&nbsp; To examine the functional role of mNHE1, mitochondrial suspensions were exposed to increasing concentrations of CaCl2 to induce MPTP opening and consequently mitochondrial swelling.&nbsp; shRNA-NHE1 transduction reduced CaCl2-induced mitochondrial swelling by 64 ± 4%.&nbsp; While the NHE1 inhibitor, HOE642 (10mM), decreased mitochondrial Ca+2-induced swelling in rats transduced with non-silencing RNAi (37 ± 6%), no additional HOE642 effects were detected in mitochondria from rats transduced with shRNA-NHE1.&nbsp; We have characterized the expression and function of NHE1 in rat heart mitochondria.&nbsp; Since mitochondria from rats injected with shRNA-NHE1 present a high threshold for MPTP formation, the beneficial effects of NHE1 inhibition in I\/R resulting from mitochondrial targeting should be considered. ","palabras_clave":"ischemia|myocardium|mitochondria|mitochondrial permeability transition pore"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114445,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Influence of the quality and quantity of blood ingested on reproductive parameters and life-span in Triatoma infestans (Klug)","resumen":"In Triatominae, female fecundity and fertility may be affected by age, adult nutritional status (i.e., blood meal source and amount of blood ingested) and number of matings. Triatoma infestans (Klug) is the main vector of Chagas disease in southern South America and considering that reproductive success is intimately associated with the potential for colonizing or re-colonizing new ecotopes in endemic areas, we studied whether the blood meal source and the amount of blood ingested have influence on reproductive parameters. We constitute two groups: couples feeding regularly on guinea pigs and couples feeding regularly on pigeons. We registered quantity of blood ingested, fecundity, fertility, number of matings, days between the first feeding and mating, copula initiation, oviposition initiation and adult life-span. Results showed that females that fed on guinea pigs exhibited high fecundity and fertility, higher number of matings and they needed a lower amount of blood to form an egg. The number of matings and fecundity increased linearly and significantly with the quantity of blood ingested for both meal sources. Results from lineal regression between life-span and fecundity showed a positive and significant relation for both meal sources. The number of matings showed a positive relation with fecundity for both meal sources but significant only for guinea pigs. In T. infestans, the quantity of blood ingested could be a determinant of their reproductive efficiency. This species is mainly adapted to human dwelling and peridomestic structures where there is low host diversity. Considering that this species is in contact with mammals over other food sources, a greater reproductive success may result from an adaptation to this environment. ","palabras_clave":"amount of blood ingested|blood sucking bud|fecundity|fertility"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114446,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Oxidative stress induced by a commercial glyphosate formulation in a tolerant strain of Chlorella kessleri","resumen":"We studied the toxicity of a glyphosate formulation and provide evidence of metabolic alterations due to  oxidative stress caused in a Chlorella kessleri tolerant strain by exposure to the herbicide. After 96 h of  exposure to increasing concentrations of the herbicide (0\u201370 mg L1) with alkylaryl polyglycol ether  surfactant, growth was inhibited (EC50-96 h 55.62 mg L1). Glyphosate increased protein and malondialdehyde  content which was significantly higher than in the control at 50\u201370 mg L1. Superoxide  dismutase and catalase activities and reduced glutathione levels increased in a concentration-dependant  manner. Morphological studies showed increases in vacuolisation and in cell and sporangia sizes. The  glyphosate formulation studied has a cytotoxic effect on C. kessleri through a mechanism that would  involve the induction of oxidative stress. Upon glyphosate exposure, oxidative stress parameters such as  SOD and CAT activities and MDA level could be more sensitive biomarkers than usually tested growth  parameters in C. kessleri.","palabras_clave":"GLYPHOSATE|OXIDATIVE STRESS|ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCES|MICROALGAE|CHLORELLA KESSLERI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114447,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Syn-eruptive\/inter-eruptive relations in the syn-rift deposits of the Precuyano Cycle, Sierra de Chacaico, Neuquén Basin, Argentina","resumen":"The syn-rift volcanic successions of the Upper Triassic\u2013Lower Jurassic Precuyano Cycle (i.e. the Lapa  Formation) from the Sierra de Chacaico in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina, were studied in order to address the  distinctive characteristics of accumulation during syn-eruptive and inter-eruptive periods in a depocentre  associated with active volcanism and extensional tectonics. In particular, the syn-rift fill in this area comprises  a wide range of compositions, as well as of transport and depositional processes. Lava flows coexist with  pyroclastic and epiclastic deposits in the same accumulation space. In order to analyse the complexities  inherent in a volcanic environment subjected to extension, five different accumulation units were identified  in the area: Lava Flow\/Shallow Intrusion Units, Pyroclastic Units, Volcaniclastic Alluvial Units, Polymictic  Alluvial Units, and Lacustrine Units. The analysis of each of these units and of the relationship between them  provided meaningful insights into the evolution of the syn-rift sedimentary environments and the  identification of different stages of effusive activity, explosive activity and relative quiescence, determining  syn-eruptive and inter-eruptive rock units. The relationship between these units was examined, and two  accumulation stages were defined. The underfilled stage originates when the material supplied to the  depocentre during the eruptive events is not enough to level the existent topography, allowing the  development of high-gradient alluvial systems during the next inter-eruptive period. The overfilled stage  occurs when extensive pyroclastic density current deposits choke the accumulation space during syneruptive  periods, causing low-gradient sedimentary systems to develop during the subsequent inter-eruptive  periods.","palabras_clave":"VOCANIC RIFTS|SYN-ERUPTIVE|INTER-ERUPTIVE|NEUQUÉN BASIN"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114448,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Performance of a multipurpose research electrochemical reactor","resumen":"This paper reports on a multipurpose research electrochemical reactor with an innovative design feature, which is based on a filter press arrangement with inclined segmented electrodes and under a modular assembly. Under bipolar connection, the fraction of leakage current is lower than 4%, depending on the bipolar Wagner number, and the current distribution is closely uniform. When a turbulence promoter is used, the local mass-transfer coefficient shows a variation of ±10% with respect to its mean value. The fluidodynamics of the reactor responds to the dispersion model with a Peclet number higher than 10. It is concluded that this reactor is convenient for laboratory research.","palabras_clave":"BIPOLAR ELECTRODES|CURRENT DISTRIBUTION|ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTORS|ELECTROSYNTHESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114449,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Pre-Andean deformation of the southern sector of the Precordillera, Southern Central Andes","resumen":"This paper presents a detailed investigation of the structure and evolution of the southern sector of the Precordillera. We document the development and successive reactivation of regional and discrete structural grain through time and discuss the existence of a large-scale mechanical anisotropy present in the lithosphere. Our kinematic studies indicate that the Permian orogeny generated a double-vergent fold and thrust belt of transpressive deformation, where strain was partitioned into two different types of deformation domain. The west-vergent western domain was characterised by partitioned transpression with shortening dominated and a strike-slip dominated subdomains. The east-vergent eastern domain was characterised by pure contractional deformation.Our model for the Late Permian to Early Triassic evolution of the Precordillera, NNE-directed extension affected a NNW-trending weakness zone, generating an area with transtensional deformation during the Choiyoi volcanism development. Afterward, during the Triassic generation of the Cuyana rift basin, the NE stretching direction was orthogonal to the rift trend, indicating a pure extensional deformation. We propose a model where the clear parallelism between the distributions of an inferred Eopaleozoic suture zone, a NNW-trending Late Paleozoic belt, and Permo-Triassic rift-related magmatism, indicates the reactivation of a NNW-trending long-live lithospheric weakness zone. ","palabras_clave":"Fabric reactivation|lithospheric reworking|San Rafael orogeny|transpression\/ transtension"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114450,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids activate NRF2 by  a KEAP1 cysteine 151-independent mechanism","resumen":"Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are electrophilic signaling mediators formed in vivo via nitric oxide (NO)- and nitrite (NO2-)-dependent reactions. Nitro-fatty acids modulate signaling cascades via reversible covalent post-translational modification of nucleophilic amino acids in regulatory proteins and enzymes, thus altering downstream signaling events, such as Keap1-Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE)-regulated gene expression. In this study, we investigate the molecular mechanisms by which 9- and 10-nitro-octadec-9-enoic acid (OA-NO2) activate the transcription factor Nrf2, focusing on the post-translational modifications of cysteines in the Nrf2 inhibitor Keap1 by nitroalkylation and its downstream responses. Of the two regioisomers, 9-nitro-octadec-9-enoic acid was a more potent ARE inducer than 10-nitro-octadec-9-enoic acid. The most OA-NO2-reactive Cys residues in Keap1 were Cys(38), Cys(226), Cys(257), Cys(273), Cys(288), and Cys(489). Of these, Cys(273) and Cys(288) accounted for approximately 50% of OA-NO2 reactions in a cellular milieu. Notably, Cys(151) was among the least OA-NO2-reactive of the Keap1 Cys residues, with mutation of Cys(151) having no effect on net OA-NO(2) reaction with Keap1 or on ARE activation. Unlike many other Nrf2-activating electrophiles, OA-NO(2) enhanced rather than diminished the binding between Keap1 and the Cul3 subunit of the E3 ligase for Nrf2. OA-NO2 can therefore be categorized as a Cys(151)-independent Nrf2 activator, which in turn can influence the pattern of gene expression and therapeutic actions of nitroalkenes.","palabras_clave":"NITRO-FATTY ACID|KEAP1\/NFR2|ANTIOXIDANT PATHWAY|POST-TRASNLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114451,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Alternation between dietary protein depletion and normal feeding cause liver damage in mouse","resumen":"Abstract The effect of frequent protein malnutrition on liver function has not been intensively examined. Thus, the effects of alternating 5 days of a protein and amino acid-free diet followed by 5 days of a complete diet repeated three times (3 PFD-CD) on female mouse liver were examined. The expression of carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII), fatty acid synthase (FAS), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in liver were assessed by proteomics, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blotting. The activities of liver GSTs, glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT), as well as serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) were also tested. Additionally, oxidative damage was examined by measuring of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation. Liver histology was examined by light and electron microscopy. Compared with control mice, 3 PFD-CD increased the content of FAS protein (+90%) and FAS mRNA (+30%), while the levels of CAIII and CAIII mRNAs were decreased (-48% and -64%, respectively). In addition, 3 PFD-CD did not significantly change the content of GSTP1 but produced an increase in its mRNA level (+20%), while it decreased the activities of both CAT (-66%) and GSTs (-26%). After 3 PFD-CD, liver protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation were increased by +55% and +95%, respectively. In serum, 3 PFDCD increased the activities of both SGOT (+30%) and SGPT (+61%). In addition, 3 PFD-CD showed a histological pattern characteristic of hepatic damage. All together, these data suggest that frequent dietaryamino acid deprivation causes hepatic metabolic and ultrastructural changes in a fashion similar to precancerous or cancerous conditions.","palabras_clave":"MOUSE LIVER|CYCLES OF PROTEIN DEPLETION|LIVER DAMAGE|OXIDATIVE STRESS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114452,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Electrophilic fatty acids regulate matrix metalloproteinase activity and expression","resumen":"Nitro-fatty acids (NO(2)-FA) are electrophilic signaling mediators formed by reactions of nitric oxide and nitrite. NO(2)-FA exert anti-inflammatory signaling actions through post-translational protein modifications. We report that nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO(2)) stimulates proMMP-7 and proMMP-9 proteolytic activity via adduction of the conserved cysteine switch domain thiolate. Biotin-labeled OA-NO(2) showed this adduction occurs preferentially with latent forms of MMP, confirming a role for thiol alkylation by OA-NO(2) in MMP activation. In addition to regulating pro-MMP activation, MMP expression was modulated by OA-NO(2) via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. MMP-9 transcription was decreased in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated THP-1 macrophages to an extent similar to that induced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist Rosiglitazone. This was affirmed using a murine model of atherosclerosis, ApoE(-\/-) mice, where in vivo OA-NO(2) administration suppressed MMP expression in atherosclerotic lesions. These findings reveal that electrophilic fatty acid derivatives can serve as effectors during inflammation, first by activating pro-MMP proteolytic activity via alkylation of the cysteine switch domain, and then by transcriptionally inhibiting MMP expression, thereby limiting the further progression of inflammatory processes.","palabras_clave":"MATRIX-METALLOPROTEINASE|NITRO-FATTY ACID|POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION |ATHEROSCLEROSIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114453,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The use of chronobiotics in the resynchronization of the sleep\/wake cycle. Therapeutical application in the early phases of Alzheimer's disease","resumen":"Treatment of circadian rhythm disorders, whether precipitated by intrinsic factors (e.g., sleep disorders,blindness, mental disorders, aging) or by extrinsic factors (e.g., shift work, jet-lag) has led to the development of a new type of agents called \u201Cchronobiotics\u201D. The term \u201Cchronobiotic\u201D defines a substance displaying the therapeutic activity of shifting the phase or increasing the amplitude of the circadian rhythms. The prototype of this therapeutic group is melatonin, whose administration synchronizes the sleep-wake cycle in blind people and in individuals suffering from circadian rhythm sleep disorders, like delayed sleep phase syndrome, jet lag or shift-work. Daily melatonin production decreases with age, and in several pathologies, attaining its lowest values in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) patients. About half of dementia patients have severe disruptions in their sleep-wakefulness cycle. Melatonin replacement is effective to treat sundowning and other sleep wake disorders in fully developed AD, although controversial data on this point exist. Indeed, large interindividual differences between patients suffering from AD exist and can explain these erratic results. Theoretically the effect of melatonin could be more consistent at an earlier stage of the disease, i.e., mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an etiologically heterogeneous syndrome that precedes dementia. PubMed was searched using Entrez for articles including clinical trials. Search terms were \u201CAlzheimer\u201D \u201Cmild cognitive impairment\u201D and \u201Cmelatonin\u201D. Full publications were obtained and references were checked for additional material where appropriate. Only clinical studies with empirical treatment data were reviewed. Five double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials and 1 open-label retrospective study (N = 651) all agree in indicating that treatment with daily evening melatonin improves sleep quality and cognitive performance in MCI. The analysis of published evidence and patents indicates that melatonin can be a useful ad-on therapeutic tool in the early phases of AD.","palabras_clave":"ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE|CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS|MELATONIN|MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114454,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Cadmium-induced disruption in 24-h expression of clock and redox enzyme genes in rat medial basal hypothalamus: Prevention by melatonin","resumen":"In a previous study we reported that a low daily p.o. dose of cadmium (Cd) disrupted thecircadian expression of clock and redox enzyme genes in rat medial basal hypothalamus(MBH).To assess whether melatonin could counteract Cd activity, maleWistar rats (45 daysof age) received CdCl2 (5 ppm) and melatonin (3ìg\/mL) or vehicle (0.015%ethanol) in drinkingwater. Groups of animals receiving melatonin or vehicle alone were also included. After1 month, MBH mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR analysis at six time intervalsin a 24-h cycle. In control MBH Bmal1 expression peaked at early scotophase, Per1 expressionat late afternoon, and Per2 and Cry2 expression at mid-scotophase, whereas neitherClock nor Cry1 expression showed significant 24-h variations.This pattern was significantlydisrupted (Clock, Bmal1) or changed in phase (Per1, Per2, Cry2) by CdCl2 while melatonincounteracted the changes brought about by Cd on Per1 expression only. In animals receivingmelatonin alone the 24-h pattern of MBH Per2 and Cry2 expression was disrupted.CdCl2 disrupted the 24-h rhythmicity of Cu\/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitricoxide synthase (NOS)-1, NOS-2, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and HO-2 gene expression,most of the effects being counteracted by melatonin. In particular, the co-administrationof melatonin and CdCl2 increased Cu\/Zn-SOD gene expression and decreased that of glutathioneperoxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSR), and HO-2. In animals receivingmelatonin alone, significant increases in mean Cu\/Zn and Mn-SOD gene expression, anddecreases in that of GPx, GSR, NOS-1, NOS-2, HO-1, and HO-2, were found. The resultsindicate that the interfering effect of melatonin on the activity of a low dose of CdCl2 onMBH clock and redox enzyme genes is mainly exerted at the level of redox enzyme geneexpression.","palabras_clave":"CADMIUM|MELATONIN|CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS|CLOCK GENES|REDOX ENZYME GENES|MEDIAL BASAL HYPOTHALAMUS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114455,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Non-motor symptoms groups in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients. Results of a pilot, exploratory study","resumen":"Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) like neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbances or autonomic symptoms are a common feature of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). To explore the existence of groups of NMS and to relate them to PD characteristics, 71 idiopathic non-demented PD out-patients were recruited. Sleep was evaluated by the PD Sleep Scale (PDSS). Several neuropsychiatric, gastrointestinal and urogenital symptoms were obtained from the NMSQuest. Sialorrhea or dysphagia severity was obtained from the Unified PD Rating Scale activities of daily living section. MADRS depression scale was also administered. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the presence of 5 factors, explaining 70% of variance. The first factor included PDSS measurement of sleep quality, nocturnal restlessness, off-related problems and daytime somnolence; the second factor included nocturia (PDSS) and nocturnal activity; the third one included gastrointestinal and genitourinary symptoms; the forth one included nocturnal psychosis (PDSS), sialorrhea and dysphagia (UPDRS); and the last one included the MADRS score as well as neuropsychiatric symptoms. Sleep disorders correlated with presence of wearing-off, nocturia with age &gt;69 years, and nocturnal psychosis with levodopa equivalent dose or UPDRS II score. Neuropsychiatric symptoms correlated with UPDRS II+III score and non-tricyclic antidepressants. These results support the occurrence of significant NMS grouping in PD patients ff-related problems and daytime somnolence; the second factor included nocturia (PDSS) and nocturnal activity; the third one included gastrointestinal and genitourinary symptoms; the forth one included nocturnal psychosis (PDSS), sialorrhea and dysphagia (UPDRS); and the last one included the MADRS score as well as neuropsychiatric symptoms. Sleep disorders correlated with presence of wearing-off, nocturia with age &gt;69 years, and nocturnal psychosis with levodopa equivalent dose or UPDRS II score. Neuropsychiatric symptoms correlated with UPDRS II+III score and non-tricyclic antidepressants. These results support the occurrence of significant NMS grouping in PD patients ","palabras_clave":"ANTIDEPRESSANTS|SLEEP|NONMOTOR SYMPTOMS|PARKINSONS DISEASE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114456,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sleep habits, alertness, cortisol levels and cardiac  autonomic activity in short distance bus drivers: differences between morning and afternoon shifts","resumen":"AbstractOBJECTIVE:To evaluate sleep, alertness, salivary cortisol levels, and autonomic activity in the afternoon and morning shifts of a sample of short-distance bus drivers.METHODS:A sample of 47 bus drivers was evaluated. Data regarding subjects and working characteristics, alertness (psychomotor vigilance task), sleep habits (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Actigraphy), endocrine stress response (salivary cortisol), and autonomic activity (heart-rate variability) were collected.RESULTS:Sleep restriction was highly prevalent. Drivers in the morning shift slept 1 hour less than those in the afternoon shift, showed lower reaction time performance, a flattening of cortisol morning-evening difference, and higher overweight prevalence.CONCLUSIONS:The differences found between morning and afternoon shifts point out to the need of the implementation of educational strategies to compensate the sleep loss associated with an early work schedule.","palabras_clave":"Sleepiness|Alertness|Bus drivers"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114457,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Disrupted Chronobiology of sleep and cytoprotection in obesity:          Possible therapeutic value of melatonin","resumen":"From a physiological perspective the sleep-wake cycle can be envisioned as a  sequence of three physiological states (wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement,  NREM, sleep and REM sleep) which are defined by a particular neuroendocrineimmune profile regulating the metabolic balance, body weight and inflammatory responses. Sleep deprivation and circadian disruption in contemporary \u201C24\/7 Society\u201D lead to the predominance of pro-orexic and proinflammatory mechanisms that contribute to a pandemic metabolic syndrome (MS) including obesity, diabetes and atherosclerotic disease. Thus, a successful management of MS may require a drug that besides antagonizing the trigger factors of MS could also correct a disturbed sleep-wake rhythm. This review deals with the analysis of the therapeutic validity of melatonin in MS. Melatonin is an effective chronobiotic agent changing the phase and amplitude of the sleep\/wake rhythm and having cytoprotective and immunomodulatory properties useful to prevent a number of MS sequels. Several studies support that melatonin can prevent hyperadiposity in animal models of obesity. Melatonin at a low dose (2\u20135 mg\/day) has been used for improving sleep in patients with insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders. More recently, attention has been focused on the development of potent melatonin analogs with prolonged effects (ramelteon, agomelatine, tasimelteon, TK 301). In clinical trials these analogs were employed in doses considerably higher than  those usually employed for melatonin. In view that the relative potencies of the analogs are higher than that of the natural compound, clinical trials employing melatonin doses in the range of 50\u2013100 mg\/day are needed to assess its therapeutic value in MS.","palabras_clave":"MELATONINA|SÍNDROME METABÓLICO|OBESIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114458,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A Finite Element Formulation Satisfying the Discrete Geometric Conservation Law Based on Averaged Jacobians","resumen":"In this article, a new methodology for developing discrete geometric   conservation law (DGCL) compliant formulations is presented. It is   carried out in the context of the finite element method for general   advective\u2013diffusive systems on moving domains using an ALE scheme. There   is an extensive literature about the impact of DGCL compliance on the   stability and precision of time integration methods. In those articles,   it has been proved that satisfying the DGCL is a necessary and   sufficient condition for any ALE scheme to maintain on moving grids the   nonlinear stability properties of its fixed-grid counterpart. However,   only a few works proposed a methodology for obtaining a compliant   scheme. In this work, a DGCL compliant scheme based on an averaged ALE   Jacobians formulation is obtained. This new formulation is applied to   the &#952; family of time integration methods. In addition, an   extension to the three-point backward difference formula is given. With   the aim to validate the averaged ALE Jacobians formulation, a set of   numerical tests are performed. These tests include 2D and 3D diffusion   problems with different mesh movements and the 2D compressible   Navier\u2013Stokes equations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.","palabras_clave":"Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114459,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"MELATONIN AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGUES DO NOT POSSESS  ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES ON Fe2+ -INITIATED PEROXIDATION OF  SONICATED LIPOSOMES MADE OF RETINAL LIPIDS","resumen":"Melatonin and its structural analogues display antioxidant activity in vivo but their activity in model membranes is not very well known. In this study, we have investigated the antioxidant capacity of melatonin and structural analogues on Fe2+ - initiated peroxidation of sonicated liposomes made of retinal lipids. The indoleamines were evaluated against butylated hydroxitoluene (BHT) which was chosen as a reference standard because of its high antioxidant capacity. After addition of Fe2+ as   initiator of lipid peroxidation, quick production of conjugated dienes was observed. With addition of increasing concentrations of BHT the start of the reaction was delayed and initial reaction rates were lower. However, this reduction was not proportional to the increase in concentration. The start of the reaction and initial reaction rates were not modified in the presence of melatonin and its structural   analogues. The formation of TBARS started immediately after the addition of Fe2+. The increase in the concentration of BHT avoided the emergence of TBARS. Changes were not observed in the presence of melatonin or structural analogues. Retinal lipids showed a high content of docosahexaenoic (22: 6 &#8710;4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19) acid, characteristic of this tissue. A little bit of that fatty acid was lost when sonicated   liposomes were prepared with these retinal lipids. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) diminished significantly after incubation of liposomes with Fe2+ during 1 h. BHT preserved PUFAs whereas melatonin and its related indoleamines did not. These data reinforce the hypothesis that melatonin and structural analogues do not possess antioxidant properties per se in this liposomal model system.","palabras_clave":"LIPID PEROXIDATION|RETINA|LIPOSOMES|INDOLEAMINES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114460,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of experimental glaucoma on the non-image forming visual system","resumen":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of advanced glaucoma on locomotor activity rhythms and related sleep parameters. Nine normal subjects and nine age-matched patients with bilateral advanced primary open-angle glaucoma, with more than 10 years since diagnosis, were included in this observational, prospective, case-control study. Patients were required to record the timing and duration of their sleep and daily activities, and wore an actigraph on the wrist of the non-dominant arm for 20 days. Activity rhythm period, amplitude, mesor, and acrophase, long sleep episodes during the wake state, sleep duration, efficiency, and latency, as well as mean activity score, wake minutes, and mean wake episodes during the sleep interval were assessed in controls and glaucomatous patients. Glaucomatous patients exhibited a significant decrease in nighttime sleep efficiency, and a significant increase in the mean activity score, wake minutes, and mean wake episode during the night. These results suggest that alterations of the circadian physiology could be a risk to the quality of life of patients with glaucoma.","palabras_clave":"glaucoma|melanopsin|pupil light reflex|suprachiasmatic nuclei"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114461,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Communication between domestic dogs and humans: effects of shelter housing upon the gaze to the human","resumen":"It is widely known that gaze plays an essential  role in communicative interactions. Domestic dogs tend to  look at the human face in situations of conflict and  uncertainty. This study compares the gaze of shelter and  pet dogs during acquisition and extinction phases in a situation  involving a reward in sight but out of reach. Even  though no significant differences between the groups were  recorded during acquisition, gaze duration decreased in  both groups during extinction, with shelter dogs showing a  significant shorter duration. This could be related to their  different living conditions and to the fact that through their  ordinary everyday interactions, pet dogs have more  opportunities to learn to persist in their communicative  responses when they do not get what they want. These  results highlight the relevance of learning experiences  during ontogeny, which would therefore modulate communicative  responses.","palabras_clave":"DOMESTIC DOG|SHELTER DOG|GAZE DIRECTION|LEARNING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114462,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Gas-phase fragmentation analysis of nitro-fatty acids","resumen":"Nitro-fatty acids are electrophilic signaling mediators formed in increased amounts during inflammation by nitric oxide and nitrite-dependent redox reactions. A more rigorous characterization of endogenously-generated species requires additional understanding of their gas-phase induced fragmentation. Thus, collision induced dissociation (CID) of nitroalkane and nitroalkene groups in fatty acids were studied in the negative ion mode to provide mass spectrometric tools for their structural characterization. Fragmentation of nitroalkanes occurred mainly through loss of the NO2- anion or neutral loss of HNO2. The CID of nitroalkenes proceeds via a more complex cyclization, followed by fragmentation to nitrile and aldehyde products. Gas-phase fragmentation of nitroalkene functional groups with additional gamma or delta unsaturation occurred through a multiple step cyclization reaction process, leading to 5 and 6 member ring heterocyclic products and carbon chain fragmentation.  Cyclization products were not obtained during nitroalkane fragmentation, highlighting the role of double bond Pi electrons during NO2-rearrangements, stabilization and heterocycle formation. The proposed structures, mechanisms and products of fragmentation are supported by analysis of 13C and 15N labeled parent molecules, 6 different nitroalkene positional isomers, 6 nitroalkane positional isomers, accurate mass determinations at high resolution and quantum mechanics calculations.  Multiple key diagnostic ion fragments were obtained through this analysis, allowing for the precise placement of double bonds and sites of fatty acid nitration, thus supporting an ability to predict nitro  positions in biological samples","palabras_clave":"NITROALKENES|CID FRAGMENTATION |NITRO-LINOLEIC ACID|NITRATED-FATTY ACID"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114463,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto del tamaño y la forma de la unidad de muestreo sobre la estimación de la riqueza de hormigas acarreadoras de semillas en el desierto del Monte, Argentina","resumen":"El tamaño de la unidad de muestreo y el esfuerzo de muestreo son cruciales para obtener estimaciones confiables de la riqueza de especies de una comunidad. El propósito de este trabajo fue determinar el tamaño y la forma de la unidad muestral más adecuados para estimar la riqueza de hormigas acarreadoras de semillas en dos ambientes representativos del Monte central, por medio de dos aproximaciones de aplicación sencilla. El tamaño mínimo de la unidad muestral fue evaluado mediante un gráfico de riqueza observada en función del tamaño de grilla, para todas las subgrillas posibles obtenidas a través de un procedimiento de submuestreo. La riqueza total (asíntota) fue estimada sobre ese gráfico y por extrapolación por medio del ajuste a modelos matemáticos. El tamaño de unidad muestral necesaria para relevar 85% de las especies de hormigas fue 25% en el área pastoreada y &gt;75% en los algarrobales sin perturbación, respecto al más utilizado en los relevamientos de la riqueza de estos organismos en ambientes áridos y semiáridos (2000 m2). De esta manera, la estructura del hábitat parece tener una influencia sobre la capacidad de estimar la riqueza usando distinto esfuerzo de muestreo. La forma de la grilla (de más alargadas a más cuadradas) parece no influir en la estimación de la riqueza de hormigas, a igual área de muestreo. El uso complementario de los gráficos de riqueza observada y de riqueza ajustada a modelos asintóticos resultó conveniente para decidir acerca del esfuerzo de muestreo más adecuado para estimar la riqueza de hormigas en diferentes ambientes del desierto del Monte.","palabras_clave":"TAMAÑO DE UNIDAD MUESTRAL|SUBMUESTREO|MODELOS ASINTÓTICOS|BIODIVERSIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114464,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Distribución geográfica y patrones de movimiento de la monterita canela (Poospiza ornata) y el yal carbonero (Phrygilus carbonarius) en Argentina","resumen":"Resumen. \u2013 Conocer la distribución geográfica de una especie no solo requiere establecer con ciertafidelidad dónde se puede encontrar, sino también conocer si se trata de áreas donde las poblacionesson sedentarias, migratorias, de paso u ocasionales. En este trabajo analizamos la distribución geográficade la Monterita canela (Poospiza ornata) y el Yal carbonero (Phrygilus carbonarius), dos especies deemberízidos consideradas endémicas de Argentina. Combinamos información geográfica de presenciade las especies con información de abundancia y captura-marcado-recaptura en una localidad deldesierto del Monte, evaluando el estatus de residencia de sus poblaciones y sus patrones de desplazamiento.El análisis a escala biogeográfica permitió establecer que ambas especies ocupan principalmenteambientes áridos y semiáridos de Argentina. La Monterita canela muestra desplazamientos quecorresponderían a movimientos migratorios de corta distancia. El Yal carbonero no presenta un patróntan claro ya que en la parte central de su distribución la especie está presente todo el año. El análisislocal permitió establecer que en el Monte central las variaciones estacionales en la abundancia de estasespecies son coincidentes con los patrones encontrados en su distribución geográfica y movimientos. Elanillado de estas aves también indica que estas especies son muy móviles, al menos en esta región. Losresultados locales son compatibles con las hipótesis de que la Monterita canela es una especie nómadeen su área de reproducción y de que el Yal carbonero muestra cambios temporales en su rango de distribucióndurante la época reproductiva. El análisis combinado de estudios a escalas muy diferentes nospermitió caracterizar los patrones de movimiento de la Monterita canela y del Yal carbonero, pero ademásmostró la importancia de contar con una buena descripción de la distribución geográfica estacionalde las aves.","palabras_clave":"granivorous birds|geographic distribution|Neotropical Austral migrants|spatial scale"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114465,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Soil phosphorus extracted by Bray-1 and Mehlich-3 soil tests as affected by the soil:solution ratio in Mollisols","resumen":"  &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;!--   \/* Style Definitions *\/   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  \t{mso-style-parent:'';  \tmargin:0cm;  \tmargin-bottom:.0001pt;  \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;  \tfont-size:12.0pt;  \tfont-family:Arial;  \tmso-fareast-font-family:'Times New Roman';}  @page Section1  \t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;  \tmargin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;  \tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;  \tmso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  \t{page:Section1;}  --&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;              Different relationships between soil test methods results have been  reported in several agricultural regions. Differences in the same soil test  procedure (e.g. soil:solution ratio) exist between soil testing laboratories  from different agricultural regions. Our objectives were to: a- determine the  effect of soil:solution ratio on the amount of phosphorus removed by Bray-1 and  Mehlich-3 methods, b- compare the amounts of phosphorus removed by Bray-1 and  Mehlich-3 in  Mollisols from the Pampean region, and c- determine whether soil:solution ratio  affects the relationship between Bray-1 and Mehlich-3. Soil phosphorus  availability was determined with two extractants (Bray-1 and Mehlich-3), using  two soil:solution ratios (1:10 and 1:8, wt:v) in 72 soils (non calcareous,  loess derived Molisolls) from the pampean region. The amount of phosphorus  removed was a 20-24% higher when using 1:10 than 1:8 (wt:v) soil:solution  ratio. This effect was significantly higher in Bray-1 than in Mehlich-3  (p=0.04). When compared using the same soil:solution ratio, Mehlich-3 removed 4  to 8 % more phosphorus than Bray-1. The soil:solution ratio used in the  comparison affected the relationship between both extractants. The difference  between extractants was slightly higher with a soil:solution ratio of 1:8 than  of 1:10 (p=0.03). Our results showed that even when using the \u2018same method\u2019,  changes in the procedure (like soil:solution ratio) may cause different soil  test results, and also differences in the relationship between two extracting  solutions. Therefore, reported relationships between two methods are only valid  for the soils and region where it was developed, and should not be extrapolated  to other regions, even with similar soils. ","palabras_clave":"Phosphorus|Testing methodology|Availability|Mollisols"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114466,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of indigenous mycorrhizal colonization on phosphorus-acquisition efficiency in soybean and sunflower","resumen":"Despite a general consent about the beneficial contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) on natural ecosystems, there is an intense debate about their role in agricultural systems.In this work, soybean (Glycine max L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) field plots with differentP availabilities were sampled across the Pampean Region of Argentina (&gt; 150 samplesfrom Mollisols) to characterize the relationship between available soil P and indigenous mycorrhizalcolonization. A subsequent pot experiment with soybean and sunflower was carried out toevaluate the effect of P supply (0, 12, and 52 mg Pkg\u20131) and AMF inoculation on AMF colonizationand crop responsiveness to P in a Mollisol. Both crops showed high AMF colonization in thefield (average: 55% for soybean and 44% for sunflower). While mycorrhizal colonization in soybeanwas significantly and negatively related to available soil P, no such trends were apparent insunflower. Also, total biomass was 3.5 and 2.0 times higher in mycorrhizal than in nonmycorrhizalpot-grown soybean under low- and medium-P conditions, respectively. Sunflower, on theother hand, did not benefit from AMF symbiosis under medium and high P supply. While mycorrhizationstimulated P-uptake efficiency in soybean, the generally high P efficiency in sunflowerwas not associated with AMF symbiosis.","palabras_clave":"fósforo|eficiencia|absorción|soja"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114467,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Distribution and vertical stratification of carbon and nitrogen in soil under different managements in the Pampean region of Argentina","resumen":"One of the expected benefits of no-tillage systems is a higher rate of soil C sequestration. However, higher C retention in soil is not always apparent when notillage is applied, due e.g., to substantial differences in soil type and initial C content. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of no-tillage management to increase the stock of total organic C in soils of the Pampas region in Argentina. Forty crop fields under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems and seven undisturbed soils were sampled. Total organic C, total N, their fractions  and stratification ratios and the C storage capacity of the soils under different managements were assessed in samples to a depth of 30 cm, in three layers (0?5, 5?15 and 15?30 cm). The differences between the C pools of the undisturbed and cultivated soils were significant (p  no-tillage > conventional tillage). Based on the stratification ratio of the labile C pool (0?5\/5?15 cm), the untilled were separated from conventionally tilled areas. Much of the  variation in potentially mineralizable C was explained by this active C fraction (R2 = 0.61) and by total organic C (R2 = 0.67). No-till soils did not accumulate more organic C than conventionally tilled soils in the 0?30 cm layer, but there was substantial stratification of total and active C pools at no till sites. If the C stratification ratio is really an indicator of soil quality, then the C storage potential of no-tillage would be greater than in conventional tillage, at least in the surface  layers. Particulate organic C and potentially mineralizable C may be useful to evaluate variations in topsoil organic matter.","palabras_clave":"no tillage|soil carbon|vertical distribution|soil nitrogen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114468,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surface adsorption behaviour of milk whey protein and pectin mixtures under conditions of air-water interface saturation","resumen":"Milk whey proteins (MWP) and pectins (Ps) are biopolymer ingredients commonly used in the manufacture of colloidal food products. Therefore, knowledge of the interfacial characteristics of these biopolymers and their mixtures is very important for the design of food dispersion formulations (foams and\/or emulsions). In this paper, we examine the adsorption and surface dilatational behaviour of MWP\/Ps systems under conditions in which biopolymers can saturate the air?water interface on their own. Experiments were performed at constant temperature (20 °C), pH 7 and ionic strength 0.05 M. Two MWP samples, â-lactoglobulin (â-LG) and whey protein concentrate (WPC), and two Ps samples, low-methoxyl pectin (LMP) and high-methoxyl pectin (HMP) were evaluated. The contribution of biopolymers (MWP and Ps) to the interfacial properties of mixed systems was evaluated on the basis of their individual surface molecular characteristics. Biopolymer bulk concentration capable of saturating the air?water interface was estimated from surface pressure isotherms. Under conditions of interfacial saturation, dynamic adsorption behaviour (surface pressure and dilatational rheological characteristics) of MWP\/Ps systems was discussed from a kinetic point of view, in terms of molecular diffusion, penetration and configurational rearrangement at the air?water interface. The main adsorption mechanism in MWP\/LMP mixtures might be the MWP interfacial segregation due to the thermodynamic incompatibility between MWP and LMP (synergistic mechanism); while the interfacial adsorption in MWP\/HMP mixtures could be characterized by a competitive mechanism between MWP and HMP at the air?water interface (antagonistic mechanism). The magnitude of these phenomena could be closely related to differences in molecular composition and\/or aggregation state of MWP (â-LG and WPC).","palabras_clave":"Beta-Lactoglobulin|Airwater interface|Whey protein concentrate|Pectin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114469,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Human P5B-ATPase ATP13A2 is not a Ca2+ Transporting Pump","resumen":"The human gene ATP13A2 has been proposed to code for an ATP powered ion transporter of the P5B subfamily. Mutations&nbsp; of the human gene ATP13A2 were found to underlie an autosomal recessive form of early-onset parkinsonism (PD) with pyramidal&nbsp; degeneration and dementia. The ion transported by the ATP13A2 pump is not known, but several studies have shown that the&nbsp; P5-ATPases influence the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+, and thus it has been suggested that they transport Ca2+. In order to evaluate&nbsp; this possibility Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing the human ATP13A2 protein have been obtained and the Ca2+&nbsp; transport activity of ATP13A2 was assessed by measuring the ATP-dependent uptake of Ca2+ into microsomal vesicles. As a positive&nbsp; control vesicles containing the human plasma membrane Ca2+ pump (PMCA) were used. No significant differences were found&nbsp; between vesicles containing the ATP13A2 protein and the control. Moreover, Ca2+ was unable to induce the formation of the P-ATPase&nbsp; acylphosphate intermediate in vesicles containing the expressed ATP13A2. These results favor the idea that","palabras_clave":"P5B ATP13A2|CALCIUM UPTAKE|CHO CELLS OVEREXPRESSION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114470,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"N-Acetylcysteine Reduces Markers of Differentiation in  3T3-L1 Adipocytes","resumen":"Abstract: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes,&nbsp;hypertension and atherosclerosis. Some authors reported that fat accumulation correlates to&nbsp;systemic oxidative stress in human and mice, but the relationship of lipid production and&nbsp;oxidative metabolism is still unclear. In our laboratory we used 3T3-L1 preadipocytes,&nbsp;which are able to differentiate into mature adipocytes and accumulate lipids, as obesity&nbsp;model. We showed that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant&nbsp;enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities&nbsp;increased in parallel with fat accumulation. Meanwhile N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a well&nbsp;known antioxidant and Glutathione (GSH) precursor, inhibited ROS levels as well as fat&nbsp;accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. NAC also inhibited both adipogenic&nbsp;transcription factors CCAAT\/enhancer binding protein beta (C\/EBP â) and peroxisomal&nbsp;proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR ã) expression; we suggested that intracellular&nbsp;GSH content could be responsible for these effects.&nbsp;Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes,&nbsp;hypertension and atherosclerosis. Some authors reported that fat accumulation correlates to&nbsp;systemic oxidative stress in human and mice, but the relationship of lipid production and&nbsp;oxidative metabolism is still unclear. In our laboratory we used 3T3-L1 preadipocytes,&nbsp;which are able to differentiate into mature adipocytes and accumulate lipids, as obesity&nbsp;model. We showed that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant&nbsp;enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities&nbsp;increased in parallel with fat accumulation. Meanwhile N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a well&nbsp;known antioxidant and Glutathione (GSH) precursor, inhibited ROS levels as well as fat&nbsp;accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. NAC also inhibited both adipogenic&nbsp;transcription factors CCAAT\/enhancer binding protein beta (C\/EBP â) and peroxisomal&nbsp;proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR ã) expression; we suggested that intracellular&nbsp;GSH content could be responsible for these effects.&nbsp;","palabras_clave":"NAC; triglyceride|adipocyte differentiation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114471,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"UV-C treatment affects the expression and activity of defense genes in strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.)","resumen":"UV-C treatment is a newand environment-friendly strategy to reduce postharvest decay in several fruits. In this work, we studied the induction of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in strawberry fruit, exposed to a hormetic dose of UV-C. The results obtained showed that pre-storage treatment of fruitwith UV-C results in lower losses caused by diseases and decay. Therefore,we analyzed the gene expression and enzymatic activity of a set of strawberry genes that are related to plant defense against pathogens. The expression of the genes and the activity of assayed enzymes were modi&#64257;ed in the treated fruit. The expressionand enzyme activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL, EC: 4.3.1.24) increased over the level found in control after 4 and 24 h of storage. The activity of -1,3-glucanase (EC: 3.2.1.6) and peroxidase (EC:1.11.1.7) showed a biphasic pattern. Higher polyphenol oxidase (PPO, EC: 1.10.3.1) activity was observed in treated fruit comparedwith control from10 to 48 h post-irradiation. Moreover, we studied the expression of several strawberry PR proteins.We found an induction of FaChi2-2 and FaChi3 immediately afterthe treatment, and the corresponding chitinase (EC: 3.2.1.14) activity increased 10 h post-treatment. Gene expression pro&#64257;le of -1,3-glucanaseswas different fromthose of chitinases. FaBG2-1mRNA levels increased in the treated fruit during the beginning of storage, but in the case of FaBG2-3, irradiated fruit showed higher expression than the control after 24 and 48 h of storage. Finally, FaPR1 gene expression was stimulated by UV-C treatment at 4 and 24 h of storage. No changes in FaOLP2 expression in fruitwerefound in response to irradiation. Therefore, the reduction in strawberry fruit decay by UV-C treatment at harvest could be related to the increase in the transcription and activity of a set of enzymes and proteins involved in the defense against pathogens.","palabras_clave":"Botrytis cinerea|Plant defense|Postharvest|Strawberry fruit|UV-C treatment"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114472,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"End of day harvest delays postharvest senescence of broccoli florets","resumen":"Broccoli heads were harvested at different times of the day (sunrise, midday and sunset) and then storedat 20 &#9702;C for 5 d. The samples harvested at sunset showed the lowest loss of colour and chlorophyll degradation, those picked at dawn had the highest degreening, whereas heads harvested at midday showed anintermediate behaviour. As broccoli shelf life is mainly determined by external appearance and surfacecolour, harvesting heads at the end of the day instead of in early morning can extend their shelf life by1 d, when stored at 20 &#9702;C. Samples harvested at sunset also had the highest levels of total soluble and reducing sugars, antioxidants and phenolic compounds during storage. However, at harvest, samplesobtained at different moments had the same levels of chlorophylls, soluble sugars, antioxidant and phenolics;whereas the starch content was clearly different among samples. Those harvested at dusk hadhigher starch levels than those harvested at sunset.We hypothesize that starch degradation produces single sugars whose presence delays senescence insamples harvested at the end of the day. This fact was corroborated by providing an exogenous supplyof glucose or sucrose to samples harvested in early morning, which also showed a delayed senescenceby maintaining higher levels of chlorophylls, antioxidants and phenolics. Our results suggest that starchaccumulated during daylight delays senescence in broccoli and helps to maintain better postharvestquality and nutritional parameters.","palabras_clave":"PREHARVEST FACTORS|SUGARS|SENESCENCE|BROCCOLI"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114473,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effect of hot air, UV-C, white light and modified atmosphere treatments on expression of chlorophyll degrading genes in postharvest broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) florets","resumen":"Several treatments were applied in order to delay postharvest degreening in broccoli florets and investi-gate their effects on genes associated with chlorophyll catabolism. Degradation of chlorophylls is the most evident visual manifestation of broccoli postharvest deterioration, occurring rapidly due to the immature stage in which the material is harvested. Treatments such as storage in modified atmosphere, exposure to hot air, UV-C and white lamps were employed in the current work to induce a delay in degreening and chlorophyll degradation. Expression of genes possibly related to chlorophyll catabolism was analyzed in these samples and discussed. Chlorophyllases, the enzymes traditionally believed to remove the phytol side chain from chlorophyll appear to have a gene expression that was not regulated by postharvest treatments. Pheophytinase, a recently discovered new enzyme in this metabolic pathway, correlated chlorophyll loss accurately in heat, UV-C and white-light treatments, but not in modified atmospheres. Results presented in this work indicate that postharvest treatments that delay chlorophyll degradation have a higher effect on the expression of pheophytinase rather than on chlorophyllase genes.","palabras_clave":"chlorophyllase|pheophytinase|senescence|UVC|heat treatment|modified atmosphere"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114474,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Characterization of Mg-dechelating substance in senescent and presenescent Arabidopsis thaliana leaves","resumen":"The removal of Mg2+ is an important step in the chlorophyll degradation pathway and extracts from senescent and presenescent Arabidopsis thaliana   leaves were analyzed for Mg-dechelatase activity, using chlorophyllin,   an artificial derivative of the natural substrate,              chlorophyllide. The optimum temperature and pH for this   reaction were determined to be at approximately 50 °C and 7.2,   respectively.              Mg-dechelatase activity was enhanced by addition of EDTA and   inhibited by MgCl2, HgCl2 and reduced glutathione, indicating phenomenons such as retroinhibition by reaction products and dependence on the redox              state of the mixture. Size exclusion chromatography was performed on Arabidopsis leaf extracts, and Mg-dechelatase activity was found in the fraction corresponding to molecular mass of about 42 kDa, which              indicates that the Mg-dechelating compound in Arabidopsis   is considerably larger than in other systems. During dark-induced   senescence, the activity increased over time until reaching              a maximum at day 4, and then decreased. The addition of   plant growth regulators indicated that the accumulation of   Mg-dechelatase              was activated by ethylene and delayed by   6-benzylaminopurine.","palabras_clave":"chlorophyll degradation|chlorophyllin|pheophorbide"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114475,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chlorophyllase versus pheophytinase as candidates for chlorophyll dephytilation during senescence of broccoli","resumen":"Degradation of chlorophyllsduring senescence is a highly regulated process which requires concerted actionof several enzymes. Traditionally, it has been stated that the dismantling processof the chlorophyll molecule begins with a dephytilation step, followed by Mg2+removal and other breakdown reactions. Recently, new evidence suggests thepossibility of a rearrangement in the first two steps in this process,occurring Mg2+ removal prior to the loss of the phytol side chain.With the aim of approximating to the real sequential order in these reactionsand to assess if dephytilation occurs on intact (catalyzed by chlorophyllase)or Mg-free (catalyzed by pheophytinase) chlorophyll, expression of both geneswas analyzed in broccoli tissue during senescence. Samples of broccoli florets treatedwith plant hormones, such as cytokine and ethylene were utilized, as to assessthe effect of such compounds on the expression of these genes. Results showedthat chlorophyllase expression did not correlate to typical expression patternsfor genes related to senescence, since a decrease in expression duringsenescence was found for one of the two chlorophyllase genes analyzed, and the hormonal-treatmenteffects on gene expression did not match those observed on chlorophyll contentfor both chlorophyllase genes. Pheophytinase expression patterns, on the otherhand, displayed an increase in the first three days of induced senescence,followed by lower expression values towards the end of the experiment. Samplessubjected to postharvest treatments mostly showed an inhibition ofpheophytinase expression in samples in which degradation of chlorophylls hadbeen delayed. These results suggest that pheophytinase expression correlates tothe visual manifestation of postharvest treatments, supporting the possibilitythat this enzyme is responsible for the dephytilation step in chlorophyllbreakdown.","palabras_clave":"Chlorophyll breakdown|Chlorophyllase|Hormone treatments|Pheophytinase|Senescence"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114476,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"HEAT TREATMENTS AND EXPANSIN GENE EXPRESSION IN STRAWBERRY FRUIT","resumen":"Heat treatments have been applied in fruit postharvest technology for insect disinfestations, decay control, ripening delay and modification of fruit responses to other stresses. Heat treatment affects several aspects of fruit ripening, such as ethylene production and cell wall degradation probably through changes in gene expression and protein synthesis. In this paper, strawberries (Fragaria&nbsp;×&nbsp;ananassa Duch., cv Camarosa) at 50?75% red stage of ripening were heat-treated at 45&nbsp;°C during 3&nbsp;h in an air oven and then stored at 20&nbsp;°C for 0, 4, 18, 24 and 48&nbsp;h. Fruit firmness was determined and the expression of a set of expansin genes (FaEXP1, FaEXP2, FaEXP4, FaEXP5 and FaEXP6) was analyzed. The firmness of treated fruit was higher than that of control fruit 24&nbsp;h after treatment, though the differences disappeared after 48&nbsp;h at 20&nbsp;°C. The analysis by northern-blot indicated that heat treatments affected differently the expression of expansin genes. The expression of FaEXP1, FaEXP2 and FaEXP6 was lower in treated fruit during the following 24&nbsp;h post-treatment. The lower expression of these expansin genes could contribute to delay softening after heat treatment.","palabras_clave":"strawberry|softening|heat treatment|cell wall|expansin"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114477,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence of defect-induced ferromagnetism in ZnFe2O4 thin films","resumen":"X-ray absorption near-edge and grazing incidence x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy are employed to investigate  the electronic structure of ZnFe2O4 thin films. The spectroscopy techniques are used to determine the  nonequilibrium cation site occupancy as a function of depth and oxygen pressure during deposition and its effects  on the magnetic properties. It is found that low deposition pressures below 10&#8722;3 mbar cause iron superoccupation  of tetrahedral sites without Zn2+ inversion, resulting in an ordered magnetic phase with high room-temperature  magnetic moment.","palabras_clave":"FERRITES|MAGNETISM|X RAY ABSORPTION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114478,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE: ANALYSIS OF SALIVARY CHOLINESTERASE AND CARBOXILESTERASE ACTIVITIES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND THEIR MOTHERS","resumen":"A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the  usefulness of salivary cholinesterase and carboxylesterase  as biomarkers of exposure to environmental organophosphate  pesticides. Ninety samples were obtained  from women and 62 samples from their preschool-aged  children who live near an agricultural area of the Upper  Valley of the Negro River (Patagonia, Argentina) where  pesticides are applied 6 months a year. Each participant  donated two samples under similar conditions: one in  the pre-exposure period and another during the pulverization  period. Demographic information, potential  confounders, and risk behaviors were registered. Active  or passive smoking had no effect on these enzyme  activities in either group. During the pulverization  period, cholinesterase activity was not detectable  in 76% of the children´s samples and 23% of the  mothers´ samples. Comparing samples collected during  the pulverization period with respect to the prepulverization  period, the average mother and child  cholinesterase activity decreased by 65.7% (p&lt;0.001)  and 85.8% (p&lt;0.001), respectively. Also, mother and  child carboxylesterase activity decreased by 27.5%  (p&lt;0.001) and 41.9% (p&lt;0.01), respectively. Child  carboxylesterase activity in the pulverization period  was associated to the habit of eating dust outdoors  (p&lt;0.01). The most frequent inhibition levels observed  for cholinesterase and carboxylesterase activity were  between 70?100% and 0?29%, respectively, in both  groups studied. This shows that at the same level of  exposure, cholinesterase wasmore sensitive to inhibition  than carboxylesterase. Therefore, carboxylesterase  might more properly reflect the degree of environmental  organophosphate exposure and may have potential as a  novel tool for biomonitoring.","palabras_clave":"ORGANOPHOSPHATE|SALIVARY |ESTERASES|BIOMARKERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114479,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"PPARalpha agonists regulate lipid metabolism and nitric oxide production and prevent placental overgrowth in term placentas from diabetic rats","resumen":"Maternal diabetes impairs feto-placental metabolism and growth. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor a (PPARa) is a nuclear receptor capable of regulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways. We here analyzed whether placental and fetal PPARa activation regulates lipid metabolism and nitric oxide (NO) production in term placentas from diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by neonatal streptozotocin administration. On day 21 of pregnancy, placentas from control and diabetic rats were cultured in the presence of PPARa agonists (clofibrate and LTB4) for further evaluation of levels, synthesis and peroxidation of lipids as well as NO production. Besides, on days 19, 20 and 21 of gestation, fetuses were injected with LTB4, and the placentas explanted on day 21 of gestation for evaluation of placental weight and concentrations of placental lipids, lipoperoxides and NO metabolites. We found that placentas from diabetic rats show reduced PPARa concentrations. They present no lipid overaccumulation but reduced lipid synthesis, parameters negatively regulated by PPARa activators. Lipid peroxidation and NO production, increased in placentas from diabetic rats, were negatively regulated by PPARa activators. Fetal PPARa activation in diabetic rats does not change placental lipid concentrations, but reduced placental weight and NO production. In conclusion, PPARa activators regulate lipid metabolism and NO production in term placentas from diabetic rats, an activation that regulates placental growth and can be partly exerted by the developing fetus. ","palabras_clave":"DIABETES|PREGNANCY|PLACENTA|PPARs|LIPID METABOLISM|NITRIC OXIDE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114480,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new experimental device to evaluate eye ulcers using a multispectral electrical impedance technique","resumen":"We present a novel experimental technique to determine eye ulcers in animals using a spectral electrical impedance technique. We expect that this technique will be useful in dry eye syndrome. We used a sensor that is basically a platinum (Pt) microelectrode electrically insulated by glass from a cylindrical stainless steel counter-electrode. This sensor was applied to the naked eye of New Zealand rabbits (2.0?3.5 kg in weight). Whereas half of the eyes were normal (control), we applied to the remainder a few drops of 20% (v\/v) alcohol to produce an ulcer in the eye. Using a multispectral electrical impedance system we measured ulcerated and control eyes and observed significant difference between normal and pathological samples. We also investigated the effects of different applied pressures and natural degradation of initially normal eyes as a function of time. We believe that thistechnique could be sufficiently sensitive and repetitive to help diagnose ocular surface diseases such as dry eye syndrome.","palabras_clave":"ECIS|Eye ulcers"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114481,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Redescription of the genus Modiomytilus Griffin, 1990 (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from Southern Patagonia with remarks on the paleobiogeography of the genus","resumen":"Modiomytilus Griffin, 1990, was based on composite moldscollected from Cenozoic rocks in southern Patagonia. Thetype species comes from the early Miocene Centinela Formation,exposed along the southern shore of Lake Argentino.An additional species is known from the Eocene R&#305;´o TurbioFormation, which outcrops only at the southwestern cornerof Santa Cruz Province. New material preserved as originalshell was collected recently in beds referred to the CentinelaFormation exposed in the same area as the R&#305;´o Turbio Formation,about 150 km south of Lake Argentino. Enoughdetail is preserved in collected the shells to warrant anemended diagnosis and a new and more complete descriptionof the genus, as they provide a set of characters notrecorded in the currently known material of any of the speciesdescribed. The shells clearly belong to the type species,i.e., Modiomytilus argentinensis Griffin, 1990. These characters,among which are included the ligament, adductor musclescar, pallial line, and byssal retractor muscle scar allow areinterpretation of this genus and confirm its validity. At thesame time these new morphological characters may bepotentially useful for further phylogenetic analyses and anew interpretation of the currently available material, a prerequisitefor understanding the palaeobiogeographic historyof this genus.","palabras_clave":"Modiomytilus|Mytilidae|Miocene|Patagonia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114482,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"First- and second-order wetting  transitions in confined Ising films in the presence of nonmagnetic impurities: A Monte Carlo simulation study","resumen":"In this work, we present the results of a systematic exploration of the effect caused by the introduction ofnonmagnetic impurities (or defects) on the stabilization of the interface between twomagnetic domains of oppositemagnetic orientation. Those defects are simulated as spin vacancies along the center of confined two-dimensionalIsing films, which have competingmagnetic fields acting on the confinementwalls. The calculations are performedfor different L ×M film sizes and by using the standard Metropolis dynamics. In the absence of defects, the filmis characterized by an interface running along the M direction, which is induced by the competing surface fields.That interface undergoes a localization-delocalization transition that is the precursor of a true wetting transitiontaking place in the thermodynamic limit. When the density of defects is relatively low, our results show that thewetting phase transition is of second order, as in the absence of defects. On the other hand, when the density ofnonmagnetic impurities is relatively high, a pinning effect of the interface gives rise to a first-order wetting phasetransition. The observed transitions are characterized by measuring relevant properties, such as magnetizationprofiles, cumulants, magnetization fluctuations, etc., as a function of the density of defects. So, our main findingis that the presence of nonmagnetic impurities introduces a rich physical scenery, such as a line of second-orderwetting transitions (observed for low density of defects) that merges into a first-order one just at a tricritical point.Precisely, these two latter findings are the major contributions of our study.","palabras_clave":"Transiciones d e Fase|Transicion de mojado|Sistemas magneticos confinadas|Simulaciones computacionales"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114484,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Self-imaging by a volume grating","resumen":"The self-image phenomenon by a volume grating is proposed and theoretically analyzed. A theoretical model based on a path integral formulation to describe wave propagation through the grating inhomogeneous medium is applied. A modified version of the scalar diffraction theory Fresnel propagator is obtained which allows calculating the diffracted field amplitude by the grating. The proposed model is applied to amplitude and\/or phase volume gratings. Remarkable features appear, in particular at the fractional Talbot distance 0.125zT. In this case, if an in-phase real and imaginary grating modulation is considered a self-image intensity profile is observed for determined values of the absorptive and refractive parameters. On the other hand, a spatial comb intensity profile for a near half period shift between the real and imaginary grating modulations is found.","palabras_clave":"Self-image|Volume grating|photorefractive"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114485,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Aeolian sequence and the archaeological record in the fuegian steppe, Argentina","resumen":"      A 20 m thick sequence of aeolian  deposits and palaeosols, deposited above Tertiary marine sediments adjacent to the  shallow saline ephemeral Lake Arturo in interior Tierra del   Fuego, is described. A deposit of archaeological stone artifacts  and bone, the Lake Arturo 1 archaeological site, located in a deflation hollow near the top of the aeolian  sequence, is also presented. The sequence of nine aeolian deposits, including eight palaeosols and capped  by the contemporary soil, provides evidence of environmental changes which have  occurred during the Holocene in the cold Fuegian steppe, beginning as early as the  Late Glacial-Early Holocene transition. A chronostratigraphy is provided by guanaco  and Canidae bones embedded within palaeosols and organic matter content,  radiocarbon dated from 9,951+\/-59 y BP (11,304 cal BP) at the base of the  sequence to 434 +\/- 43 y BP ( 471 cal BP) near the top. A tephra layer between palaeosols  4 and 5 is interpreted from its geochemical fingerprint as the product of one  of the mid-Holocene eruptions of Mt Burney, located in the Southern Patagonian  Andes. It is suggested that the accumulation of the aeolian sediments occurred throughout  most of the Holocene, as a result of both local acquisition of fine particles  derived from the weathering and erosion of the basal Tertiary marine sediments,  and deflation from the intermittently dry lake bed, as well as deposition of  material transported by wind from more distant sources. The orientation of the  aeolian deposits suggests a more northwesterly wind direction instead of the  present westerlies. Weakly developed A horizons capping each of the sediment  units suggest that the landscape was sensitive to environmental change, from  more arid conditions when the aeolian deposits accumulated to brief periods of  landscape stability when topsoil development occurred. Evidence of human occupation in Lake Arturo 1  is confined to the upper part of the sequence, and is interpreted as a place  for primary butchering and raw material acquisition. ","palabras_clave":"Palaeosols |aeolian deposits |Fuegian steppe|Holocene"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114486,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Reactor designs for ethylene production via ethane ODH: comparison of performance","resumen":"The implementation of ethane oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) toward ethylene production in two different reactor configurations is studied here by means of a mathematical model of the reactors. A conventional liquid-cooled multitubular reactor and a multitubular membrane reactor are considered for comparison. Both reactor desings use a Ni-Nb-O catalyst washcoated over raschig-rings inside the tubes; molten salts flow in the shell side of the conventional reactor whereas pure oxygen is assumed for the shell of the membrane reactor. Industrial-scale ethylene production is the aim. Results show that the variation of the bed density (different thickness of the catalytic washcoat over the pellets) shows opposite effects on both reactor designs. For the conventional reactor, the increase in bed density leads to more pronounced hot spot as well as an undesired oxygen depletion inside the tubes. Conversely, for the membrane reactor, higher bed densities prevent oxygen accumulation along the tube length leading to lower oxygen partial pressures and, consequently, higher selectivities. In this way, higher etlylene production rates are feasible. Although molten salts provides enhanced heat removal, the oxygen injection at only the tube mouth of the conventional reactor leads to lower global selectivities and higher heat generation rates. In the membrane reactor design, the heat generation rate proves to be efficiently controlled by the permeation flow of oxygen through the membrane. ","palabras_clave":"Oxidative Dehydrogenation|Ethylene Production|Membrane Reactor|Multitubular Reactor"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114487,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Chemotactic responses to gas oil of Halomonas spp. strains isolated from saline environments in Argentina","resumen":"In this study, two halophilic bacterial strains isolated from saline habitats in Argentina grew in the presence of gas oil. They were identified as Halomonas spp. and Nesterenkonia spp. by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Chemotaxis towards gas oil was observed in Halomonas spp. by using swimming assays.","palabras_clave":"Halomonas sp |chemotaxis|hydrocarbon degradation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114488,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Population density of Geoffroy\u2019s cat in scrublands of central Argentina","resumen":"We studied the density of a Geoffroy\u2019s cat Leopardus geoffroyi population in a semiarid scrubland of Argentina, by comparing density estimates obtained during camera-trapping surveys in a national park and in nearby cattle ranches in 2006 and 2007\u20132008. Overall, we obtained 247 pictures of Geoffroy\u2019s cats. The density (meanSE) of the species at the park ranged from 1.20.3 to 2.91.4 individualskm 2, depending on the buffer applied, whereas density estimates at ranches were on average 32% lower. Only 11% of the Geoffroy\u2019s cats identified in 2006 could still be detected in the area 2 years later, indicating that there was a high turnover of individuals in this population. The sex ratio (M:F) estimated during both surveys at the park was 1:1.4, whereas at the ranches it was 1:0.8. The capture success of sympatric pampas cats Leopardus colocolo and jaguarundis Puma yagouaroundi waso0.3 records per 100 trap-days, and no evidence of these species was found in the ranches. Geoffroy\u2019s cats seem to be tolerant to some degree of habitat alteration produced by livestock management, and the numerical response of this species in ranches could be largely the result of human persecution and the effects of livestock management on the habitat structure and prey base.Leopardus geoffroyi population in a semiarid scrubland of Argentina, by comparing density estimates obtained during camera-trapping surveys in a national park and in nearby cattle ranches in 2006 and 2007\u20132008. Overall, we obtained 247 pictures of Geoffroy\u2019s cats. The density (meanSE) of the species at the park ranged from 1.20.3 to 2.91.4 individualskm 2, depending on the buffer applied, whereas density estimates at ranches were on average 32% lower. Only 11% of the Geoffroy\u2019s cats identified in 2006 could still be detected in the area 2 years later, indicating that there was a high turnover of individuals in this population. The sex ratio (M:F) estimated during both surveys at the park was 1:1.4, whereas at the ranches it was 1:0.8. The capture success of sympatric pampas cats Leopardus colocolo and jaguarundis Puma yagouaroundi waso0.3 records per 100 trap-days, and no evidence of these species was found in the ranches. Geoffroy\u2019s cats seem to be tolerant to some degree of habitat alteration produced by livestock management, and the numerical response of this species in ranches could be largely the result of human persecution and the effects of livestock management on the habitat structure and prey base.","palabras_clave":"activity patterns|camera trapping|density;|Geoffroys cat|Leopardus geoffroyi|livestock management"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114489,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Differential impact of landscape transformation on pumas (Puma concolor) and jaguars (Panthera onca) in the Upper Parana Atlantic Forest","resumen":"Aim Jaguars and pumas, being similar in size and behaviour, are the largest felids of the Neotropics. However, pumas appear to be more resistant to humanimpacts. Our objective was to compare the response of both species with human impacts at a regional scale in a highly modified region where both species hadcontinuous distribution in the past. Location The Upper Parana Atlantic Forest (UPAF). Methods Pumas and jaguars presence-only data were used in an Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA). From the total number of records, we resampled 95records of each species 10 times to characterize and compare their habitat requirements, built habitat-suitability maps and examined interspecificdifferences in niche parameters related to present landscape characteristics.Results Both species showed high dependence on native forest and habitat protection, and low tolerance to anthropogenic environments. However, jaguarsshowed higher differences between their optimal habitat and the available landscape (mean ± SD; marginality M = 2.290 ± 0.072) and lower tolerance todeviations from their optimal habitat (tolerance T = 0.596 ± 0.013) than pumas (M = 1.358 ± 0.067, P < 0.001; T = 0.742 ± 0.022, P < 0.001). Although theirniches highly overlapped (Pianka\u2019s O = 0.746 ± 0.069), pumas\u2019 higher tolerance resulted in a larger area covered by suitable patches of habitat with higherconnectivity. All jaguar-suitable areas were also suitable for pumas; however, 44 ± 8% of puma-suitable areas were unsuitable or marginal for jaguars.Main conclusions Pumas showed more tolerance than jaguars to human impacts at a regional scale in the UPAF, a pattern also observed at local and continentalscales. Although the proximate factors responsible for the differential response of pumas to human-altered environments seem to be similar at all spatial scales (e.g.broader trophic niche than jaguars), the resultant spatial configuration of suitable habitat at a regional scale might be another important factor determining pumapersistence and higher jaguar demands on conservation efforts.","palabras_clave":"CONSERVATION|ENFA|HABITAT SUITABILITY|JAGUAR|NICHE BREADTH|PUMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114490,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Yungas Biosphere Reserve of Argentina: a hot spot of South American wild cats","resumen":"In this article we present the results of camera-trap surveys conducted in a relatively small portion of the Yungas ecoregion, the subtropical montane forests of southern Bolivia and north-western (NW) Argentina. During these surveys, we recorded six of the seven cat species present in the area. The study site is located within the Yungas Biosphere Reserve in NW Argentina, an area that harbors nine species of wild felids. We draw attention to and discuss the importance of this area as a felid hot spot. We also introduce the concept of Protected Productive Landscapes, a conservation scheme that may aid in wild cat conservation.&nbsp; ","palabras_clave":"Felids|Biodiversity|Hot spot|Yungas|Biological corridors|Landscape ecology|Conservation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114491,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Participatory networks for large scale monitoring of large carnivores: pumas and jaguars of the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest","resumen":"Most large carnivores are secretive and endangered species, difficult to monitor through extensive areas. Participatory monitoring can be a useful tool for obtaining data across large areas and long time periods. Pumas Puma concolor and jaguars Panthera onca are the largest predators in the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest (UPAF) which is one of the planet\u2019s most endangered eco-regions. To survey the presence of these carnivores we constructed a participatory network and a collaborative effort among researchers of the three countries that share the UPAF (Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay). We trained the participants with simple methods to collect faeces and tracks from large felids. Between 2002 and 2008, &gt;100 volunteers worked on this monitoring obtaining 1633 records accurately identified as pumas or jaguars along ~92,890 km2. We confirmed jaguar presence in a large section of the Misiones Green Corridor in Argentina, and in the largest protected areas of Brazil and Paraguay. Pumas showed a wider distribution,&nbsp;&nbsp;being recorded throughout Misiones province in Argentina and some areas of Brazil and Paraguay where jaguars were not detected. Both species, but mainly jaguars, were mostly detected in medium and large forest fragments, indicating that habitat loss has view seriously affected these species in the UPAF. Though these carnivores often have&nbsp;conflicts with local settlers, their charisma and cultural significance makes them flagship species that motivated the participation of volunteers and institutions. Participatory monitoring allowed covering a vast area at relatively low costs, while enhancing collaborative management policies among people and institutions from three different countries. ","palabras_clave":"ATLANTIC FOREST|DISTRIBUTION|FLAGSHIP SPECIES|HABITAT LOSS|JAGUAR|LARGE CARNIVORES|PARTICIPATORY MONITORING|PUMA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114492,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Hegel en dos movimientos. De una lectura del prólogo de la Fenomenología al 'retorno a Hegel' de Zizek","resumen":"El presente artículo se propone revisitar algunos conceptos medulares de la filosofía hegeliana, discutiendo algunas lecturas clásicas de la obra Hegel que entendieron al movimiento dialéctico como un proceso progresivo de superación que alcanzaría su momento último en el ?Saber Absoluto?, y buscando poner de relieve la concepción del sujeto como una totalidad sujeto-objeto siempre inacabada. En el primer apartado, proponemos una posible lectura del prólogo de la Fenomenología del Espíritu y, a la vez, afirmamos que es posible recuperar en ella, tanto esta concepción de sujeto como algunos elementos que ponen en cuestión las lecturas anteriormente mencionadas. En el siguiente apartado, repondremos la lectura que realiza Zizek de la obra de Hegel, a la luz de las categorías lacanianas. Tendremos por objetivo exponer otra forma de apropiación que coloca a la contradicción y a la contingencia como ejes de la reinterpretación teórica de la filosofía hegeliana, a la vez que evidencia la potencialidad y actualidad del  pensamiento de Hegel para la reflexión en el campo de las ciencias sociales","palabras_clave":"Hegel|Zizek|Dialéctica|Negatividad"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114493,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Efecto del diacepam sobre la Extinción consumatoria","resumen":"La frustración puede definirse como la reacción emocional que se produce ante la disminución u omisión inesperada de un reforzador. Uno de los procedimientos experimentales utilizados para inducir frustración es la Extinción consumatoria, en ella las ratas reciben una solución azucarada al 32% y luego sorpresivamente no reciben la recompensa. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que la administración de diacepam acelera la supresión de la respuesta condicionada ante el bebedero vacío. Los datos hallados coinciden con el efecto de otros tratamientos ansiolíticos sobre la Extinción consumatoria y procedimientos operantes que utilizan la respuesta de presión de palanca. Sin embargo, son opuestos a lo observado en otros procedimientos consumatorios, que utilizan agua en animales sedientos, y en otras tareas instrumentales en las que el diacepam retrasa la extinción de la respuesta. Los datos se discuten en el marco del papel controversial que tienen los ansiolíticos en la extinción de una respuesta previamente adquirida.","palabras_clave":"diacepam|extinción consumatoria|frustración|ratas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114494,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Parallel Distributed Computing using Python","resumen":"This work presents two software components aimed to relieve the costs   of accessing high-performance parallel computing resources within a   Python programming environment: MPI for Python and PETSc for Python.  MPI for Python is a general-purpose Python package that provides bindings for the Message Passing Interface   (MPI) standard using any back-end MPI implementation. Its facilities   allow parallel Python programs to easily exploit multiple processors   using the message passing paradigm. PETSc for Python provides access to   the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation   (PETSc) libraries. Its facilities allow sequential and parallel Python   applications to exploit state of the art algorithms and data structures   readily available in PETSc for the solution of large-scale problems in   science and engineering.  MPI for Python and   PETSc for Python are fully integrated to PETSc-FEM, an MPI and PETSc   based parallel, multiphysics, finite elements code developed at CIMEC   laboratory. This software infrastructure supports research activities   related to simulation of fluid flows with applications ranging from the   design of microfluidic devices for biochemical analysis to modeling of   large-scale stream\/aquifer interactions.","palabras_clave":"Python|MPI|PETSc"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114495,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"High-sodium diet promotes a profibrogenic reaction in normal rat kidneys: effects of Tempol administration","resumen":"AbstractBACKGROUND: Studies carried out in vitro have recently shown that salt loading induces an increasing mechanical stretch and a flow-induced superoxide production in the thick ascending limb of Henle´s loop. In this regard, we hypothesized that the oxidative stress induced by salt overload could stimulate inflammatory and fibrogenic signaling pathways in normal rats.METHODS: Sprague Dawley rats were fed with an 8% NaCl high- (HS) or 0.4% NaCl normal-salt (NS) diet for 3 weeks, with or without Tempol (T) administration (1 mM, administered in drinking water). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary sodium excretion (UVNa) were measured. NAD(P)H oxidase p47phox, angiotensin II (Ang II), transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-ß1), a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) expression were evaluated in renal tissues by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: A high NaCl diet produced a slight but significant increase in MAP and enhanced UVNa and oxidative stress. Administration of a high NaCl diet induced the overexpression of TGF-ß1, a-SMA and NF-?B in cortex and medulla, while Ang II increased in proximal convoluted tubules, and decreased in cortical collecting ducts. Tempol administration prevented these changes and simultaneously normalized MAP accompanied by an enhancement in GFR and UVNa.CONCLUSION: The results showed that a high NaCl diet is able to produce a renal profibrotic response also in normal rats, which could be associated with oxidative stress rather than intrarenal Ang II expression.PMID: 20954139 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ","palabras_clave":"sodium overload|renal inflamation|tempol|oxidative stress"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114496,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mathematical modeling of the heat transfer process and protein denaturation during the thermal treatment of crabs from the Argentine Patagonia","resumen":"Off the coast of Patagonia, Argentina, crab species such as the Southern Ocean swimming crab Ovalipes trimaculatusOvalipes trimaculatus and the Patagonian stone crab Platyxanthus patagonicus are considered fishing resources of commercial value. Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.Although in Argentina the commercialization of crabs is incipient, in the last years it began to generate interest due tothe consumer acceptance of the crab meat. Thermal treatment of crabs must be sufficient to denature muscle proteins,facilitating meat detachment from the crab shell, however, excessive heat exposure is associated to texturedeterioration. The objectives of the present work were: a) to mathematically simulate the energy transfer during thethermal process of crabs using a finite element computational code; b) to determine the denaturation kinetics ofproteins during heating c) to establish the degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins during theheating process by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermal penetrationcurves. Crabs were captured by SCUBA diving manual and trapping on the sea of Golfo Nuevo, Argentina. Theywere transferred alive to the laboratory, and sectioned in body and claws. These parts were thermally treated incontrolled temperature water baths at 70, 80, 90, 100ºC, during 20 seconds and 25 minutes. Time-temperature curveswere recorded by using inserted thermocouples. The heat transfer process was mathematically modeled, consideringthe irregular geometry of the system; the heat transfer partial differential equation was numerically solved using finiteelements (Comsol Multiphysics). The denaturation kinetics of the thermal treated myofibrillar proteins wasdetermined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC thermograms of raw crab muscle revealed thepresence of two peaks: Tmax1=49.02°C (myosin) and Tmax2=77.47ºC (actin). The kinetic coefficients of myofribillar protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosin and 156.42 KJ\/mol for actin. The degree of denaturation achieved by the myofibrillar proteins in the heatingprocess was determined by coupling the protein denaturation kinetics, the activation energies and the thermalpenetration curves. This information allowed the development of the technological process for both species for aneffective marketing of the products.protein denaturation were determined at different temperatures and activation energies were 145.70 KJ\/mol formyosi","palabras_clave":"CRABS|HEAT TRANSFER|FINITE ELEMENT METHOD|MATEMATHICAL MODELLING"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114497,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El doble papel de las hipótesis en la investigación ecológica y su relación con el método hipotético deductivo","resumen":"A las hipótesis y al método hipotético deductivo se les acusa de otorgarle un aire de formalidad a la actividad científica. Más aun, suele afirmarse que las hipótesis no son necesarias para hacer Ecología aplicada. Aportamos argumentos para mostrar que esas afirmaciones no atienden adecuadamente el doble papel de las hipótesis en la investigación: proponer explicaciones a los patrones ecológicos pero también guiar la toma de datos. Sugerimos que los escépticos con las hipótesis dudan, en realidad, de la capacidad de la Ecología de ofrecer hipótesis 'explicativas' eficaces para formular predicciones. Esos ecólogos suelen tomar partido por el instrumentalismo epistemológico pero usan hipótesis de manera implícita para guiar su investigación. Si bien sus proyectos pueden no mencionar hipótesis explicativas, no parece posible que estén libres de las hipótesis de bajo nivel que inspiran y conducen el diseño experimental. Ofrecemos evidencia a favor de nuestros argumentos a partir del análisis del 'ciclo de indagación' de Peter Feinsinger y de la 'ciencia libre de hipótesis' de Fred Guthery, dos ecólogos que han reflexionado sobre el método de la Ecología aplicada. El empleo de hipótesis explicativas es materia de gusto epistemológico. Sugerimos que el ecólogo es libre de elegir doctrina pero también responsable de las consecuencias de su elección. Por último, analizamos el dilema de incluir o no incluir hipótesis en proyectos de investigación descriptivos (i.e., instrumentales). Aunque esa decisión es trascendente, más importante aun es que no parece ser posible investigar sin adherir a supuestos o hipótesis, aun cuando estos no impliquen un intento genuino de explicación para el problema de partida.","palabras_clave":"hipótesis en ciencia|educación|metodología de investigación"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114498,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Curing kinetics of a furan resin and its nanocomposites","resumen":"A furan resin was synthesized from furfural and phenol and it was expected to have similar properties to the commonly used phenolic resins because the former was obtained by the replacement of formaldehyde by furfural, reducing the dangerous formaldehyde emissions. In the present work, nanocomposites were obtained by the in situ addition of 2% of different types of clays to the furan resin to enhance the polymer performance. Montmorillonite natural clay Cloisite® Na+ and the chemically modified ones, Cloisite® 30B and Cloisite® 10A were used. A clay dispersion comparison among the nanocomposites was performed. The curing kinetics of the furan resin and its composites was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Free kinetic models were applied in order to obtain and compare the activation energy of each process. Vyazovkin numerical analysis was found to provide the most accurate method to analyze the variation of the activation energy (E) with the reaction conversion.Some differences arise in the activation energy vs. conversion profile among the materials studied. These differences were related to the variations in the viscosity and the chemical groups with the evolution of the curing reaction, followed by infrared spectroscopy. The nanocomposites containing the organically modified clays showed an additional peak in the last stage of the curing process due to parallel reactions including the beginning of the organic modifier decomposition.® Na+ and the chemically modified ones, Cloisite® 30B and Cloisite® 10A were used. A clay dispersion comparison among the nanocomposites was performed. The curing kinetics of the furan resin and its composites was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Free kinetic models were applied in order to obtain and compare the activation energy of each process. Vyazovkin numerical analysis was found to provide the most accurate method to analyze the variation of the activation energy (E) with the reaction conversion.Some differences arise in the activation energy vs. conversion profile among the materials studied. These differences were related to the variations in the viscosity and the chemical groups with the evolution of the curing reaction, followed by infrared spectroscopy. The nanocomposites containing the organically modified clays showed an additional peak in the last stage of the curing process due to parallel reactions including the beginning of the organic modifier decomposition.","palabras_clave":"Furan resin|clay|nanocomposites|differential scanning calorimetry|curing kinetics"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114499,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Species distribution and susceptibility profile of yeasts isolated from blood culture: results of a multicenter active laboratory-based surveillance study in Argentina","resumen":"The Mycology Department of the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ?Dr. C. Malbrán?, conducted the Second National Multicenter Survey on Fungemia due to Yeasts in Argentina. The aim was to obtain updated data of the frequency of the causative species encountered and their in vitro susceptibility to seven antifungal agents. Yeast species were identifed by micromorphological and biochemical studies. Antifungal susceptibility testing was perfor-med by the reference microdilution method E.Def 7.1 of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). A total of 461 viable yeasts were identifed. The most frequent species were: Candida albicans (38.4 %), Candida parapsilosis (26 %), Candida tropicalis (15.4 %) and Candida glabrata (4.3 %). Other uncommon species, such as Candida viswanathii (0.6 %), Candida haemulonii (0.4 %), Candida inconspicua (0.2 %) and Candida fermentati (0.2 %) were also isolated. Among the Candida spp., 5.4 % and 1.6 % were resistant to fuconazole and voriconazole, respectively. Itraconazole and caspofungin were the most effcient agents against all Candida spp. tested (MIC &lt; 1 mg\/l). For anidulafungin, 21.6 % of C. parapsilosis showed a MIC value of 4 mg\/l. Fluconazole was less active against 53.1 % of Cryptococcus neoformans (MIC &gt; 8 mg\/l), 75 % of Trichosporon spp., and 100 % of Rhodotorula spp., Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The global percentage of mortality was 20 %. The presence of uncommon species reinforces the need for performing continuous laboratory surveillance in order to monitor possible changes, not only in the epidemiological distribution of species, but also in the resistance to antifungal drugs.","palabras_clave":"LEVADURAS|HEMOCULTIVOS|PERFIL DE SENSIBILIDAD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114500,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"New species and records for the mayfly families Caenidae, Leptohyphidae and Coryphoridae (Ephemeroptera, Pannota) from Venezuelan Guayana's Uplands","resumen":"We give new geographical and morphological data for the Pannota mayflies of Venezuelan Guayanan uplands. Coryphorus aquilus (Coryphoridae), Amanahyphes saguassu and Tricorythopsis yucupe (Leptohyphidae) are newly recorded for Venezuela, the adults of the last species are described for the first time. Macunahyphes pemonensis sp. nov. and Macunahyphes incognitus sp. nov. (Leptohyphidae) are described from adults from Venezuela and Brazil, respectively. Both new species of Macunahyphes are very nearly related, and are characterized among other features, by the absence of forceps, and the great development of large paired projections on the styliger plate. Caenis teipunensis sp. nov. (Caenidae) is also described from adults, its diagnostic characters include: forceps apically sharp and sclerotized, and very large apophyses of the styliger sclerite. We give new locality records for Tricorythopsis volsellus, previously known from other localities in Venezuela.Coryphorus aquilus (Coryphoridae), Amanahyphes saguassu and Tricorythopsis yucupe (Leptohyphidae) are newly recorded for Venezuela, the adults of the last species are described for the first time. Macunahyphes pemonensis sp. nov. and Macunahyphes incognitus sp. nov. (Leptohyphidae) are described from adults from Venezuela and Brazil, respectively. Both new species of Macunahyphes are very nearly related, and are characterized among other features, by the absence of forceps, and the great development of large paired projections on the styliger plate. Caenis teipunensis sp. nov. (Caenidae) is also described from adults, its diagnostic characters include: forceps apically sharp and sclerotized, and very large apophyses of the styliger sclerite. We give new locality records for Tricorythopsis volsellus, previously known from other localities in Venezuela.","palabras_clave":"Ephemerelloidea|Caenoidea|Coryphorus|Amanahyphes"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114501,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Family Baetidae  (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Venezuelan Guayana\u2019s Uplands","resumen":"The family Baetidae is still poorly known from Venezuela, particularly in the South of this country. Three field trips were carried out in La Gran Sabana region (Bolívar State). As a result of these trips, four genera (Cryptonympha, Harpagobaetis, Spiritiops and Zelusia) and nine species are reported for the first time from this region. A discussion of each taxon is included as well as drawings when it is necessary. Keys with all known genera of Baetidae and all known species of Camelobaetidius from Venezuela are included too. With this analysis, the number of the genera and species reported is duplicated improving the knowledge of this family from this country.","palabras_clave":"Baetidae|Venezuela|Cryptonympha|Harpagobaetis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114502,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Convection generated by a small heat source in a box with a cooled upper contour at constant temperature","resumen":"The flow generated by a linear heat source inside a thermally insulated box with the upper boundary maintained at constant temperature is analyzed by means of a series of experiments. The attention is focused on the steady state during which the heat provided by the source is absorbed by the upper boundary giving place to a particular convective process in two well defined zones. One of them occupies most part of the box from the lower boundary and is characterized by a turbulent convective flow; the other is the thermal boundary layer developed below the cooled top contour where strong fluctuations are detected. Special interest is found in the analogies with the results obtained employing a configuration similar to that used to research the Rayleigh-Benard convection with lower and upper boundaries at constant temperatures but without internal sources. This study has particular relevance to understanding and predicting the use of the cooled-ceiling systems in buildings as a passive solution to enhance the comfort of its inhabitants during hot days with the consequential energy savings.","palabras_clave":"Convection|Rayleigh-Benard |Plume|Synthetic schlieren"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114503,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Flujos generados por una fuente de calor en un recinto con cielorraso a temperatura constante y aberturas","resumen":"Por medio de un modelo físico de laboratorio se estudia la evolución de la distribución de temperatura en el fluido que ocupa el interior de un espacio cuyo contorno superior se mantiene a temperatura constante y por debajo de la inicial, luego de encender una fuente de calor de tamaño reducido y abrir una abertura. La visualización del flujo resultante se realiza empleando la técnica de schlieren sintético, mientras un arreglo de termopares permite medir la temperatura a alturas específicas desde el piso. Se analizan las contribuciones de cada fuente o sumidero de calor y su influencia en el flujo transitorio hasta alcanzar el régimen estacionario final cuando se logra el balance de las diferentes contribuciones.","palabras_clave":"ventilación|cielorraso enfriado|plumas térmicas|modelado físico|schlieren sintético"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114504,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Structure (micro, ultra, nano), colour and mechanical properties of Vitis labrusca L. (grape berry) fruits treated by hydrogen peroxide, UV-C irradiation and ultrasound","resumen":"Main structural (micro, ultra, and nano) alterations occurred in the outer tangential epidermal cell wall of Vitis labrusca L. fruits (grape berry) due to hydrogen peroxide, UV\u2013C irradiation and ultrasound treatments wereexamined, and described using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Changes in mechanical properties and surface color were alsoevaluated. In general, decontamination treatments caused epicuticular wax pattern alteration, epicarp disruptions, cell plasmolysis, and mesocarp collapse. Major observed ultrastructural and nanostructuralchanges were increased demarcation between cellulose layer and cuticular membrane, alteration of cellulose aggregates pattern, and presence of nanofractures, variables in shape and size. All treatments, mainlyultrasound, provoked significant but small differences in color parameters compared to untreated fruit. On contrast, mechanical properties determined by puncture test did not vary.","palabras_clave":"GRAPE BERRY|STRUCTURE|MECHANICAL PROPERTIES|COLOR|UV-C|HYDROGEN PEROXIDE|ULTRASOUND"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114505,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Variations of f oF2 and GPS total electron content over the Antarctic sector","resumen":"Abstract: This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the variations of the critical frequency of the F2 region (foF2) and the total electron content (TEC) derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) data. Hourly foF2 values were scaled from ionograms recorded at San Martin (68.1°S, 293.0°E) and the TEC values were derived from GPS observations at O´Higgins (63.3°S, 302.5°E). The database includes measurements obtained under different seasonal and solar activity conditions. The study shows that the daily peak of foF2 occurs around local noon in winter and fall, and in spring a secondary peak is observed around midnight. In summer (January) foF2 reaches its minimum value around the noon sector while the maximum in the diurnal variation of foF2 is located in a time sector close to midnight. This behaviour is observed at low and high solar activity. The semiannual anomaly appears around noon at high and low solar activity and the winter anomaly is not observed. The effect of the solar activity is generally observed in every season. The analysis of the GPS TEC measurements in the same region indicates that the diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations are similar to those observed in the foF2 values. An analysis of the performance of the IRI model to predict foF2 is also shown using the two IRI options (URSI and CCIR). The comparisons between the experimental values and the IRI predictions show some discrepancies.","palabras_clave":"IONOSPHERE|HIGH LATITUDE|IRI|FOF2|GPS TEC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114506,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Physicochemical, biological and drug-release properties of gallium crosslinked alginate\/nanoparticulate bioactive glass composite films","resumen":"The aim of this work was to develop biodegradable and bioactive materials with sufficient structural integrity and prophylaxis effect against infection based on alginate-bioactive glass composite. The incorporation of bioactive glass nanoparticles(NBG) into Ga-crosslinked alginate films significantly improved their mechanical properties when compared with films fabricated with micron-sized bioactive glass particles. In addition, Ga-alginate filmscontaining NBG induced a bacteriostatic effect in vitro towards S. aureusdue to the presence of Ga ions (Ga3+), whose release is controlled solely by crosslinking the ion with alginate. Biomineralization studies in simulated body fluid suggested the deposition of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the films indicating their bioactive nature. In addition, the films were shown to feature biocompatibility toward osteoblast-like cells. Thus, it was shown thatGa-crosslinked composite films possessed relevant physicochemical, biological and controlled bacteriostatic effects which make these materials promising candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.","palabras_clave":"bone tissue engineering|bioactive glass|gallium|alginate|composite materials|antibacterial properties."},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114507,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds of Tagetes argentina Cabrera (Asteraceae) using HS-SPME analysis","resumen":"A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) is described for the analysis of volatile compounds in Tagetes argentina Cabrera. The composition of the totality of the aerial parts of the plant (whole plant) and the inflorescences, leaves and stems was studied separately using HS-SPME. As a result, 53 compounds were determined, of which 39 were identified. The major components were: cis-tagetenone, trans-tagetenone, trans-tagetone and cis-tagetone.Using a much smaller amount of samples, a shorter extraction time and a very simple procedure, the HS-SPME method can achieve similar or better results than those obtained by EO analysis. In conclusion, the HS-SPME method is simple, rapid, effective and free of solvent, and can be used for the analysis of volatile compounds in samples of different populations of T. argentina.","palabras_clave":"HS-SPME|Tagetes argentina Cabrera|VOC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114508,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Trophic ecology of andean lizard Phymaturus cf. palluma (Liolaemidae) San Juan, Argentina","resumen":"The knowledge of trophic parameters in species helps us to know the natural history and strategies employed to obtain resources. For these reasons, the aim of this study is to provide preliminary data on trophic ecology of Phymaturus cf. palluma in a population from the Andes of San Juan. We analyzed and compared the diet of 11 specimens captured during October 2009 and April 2010. The items were identified in quali-quantitative sense. IRI was estimated according to volume, number and frequency of occurrence of the alimentary items. We calculated percentage of material and nematode parasites in the digestive tract. P. cf.palluma is an herbivorous lizard which its diet is based mainly on stems and leaves, whose consumption was not different between the dates. For october 2009, flowers were ?fundamental ítem? whereas flowers and fruit were ?fundamental items? for April 2010. The diet showed overlap between months (Jaccard = 0.21). We conclude that P. cf. palluma is an herbivorous lizard that feed vegetative and reproductive structures of plants. We compared and discuss our results with other species in terms of herbivory in lizards.  ","palabras_clave":"trophic ecology|phymaturus|san juan"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114509,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Chemically Engineered Extracts: source of bioactive compounds","resumen":"Biological research and drug discovery  critically depend on access   to libraries of small molecules that have an  affinity for   biomacromolecules. By virtue of their sustained success as sources  of   lead compounds, natural products are recognized as privileged starting    points in structural space for library development. Compared with   synthetic compounds,  natural products have distinguishing structural   properties; indeed, researchers  have begun to quantify and catalog the   differences between the two classes of  molecule. Measurable differences   in the number of chiral centers, the degree of  saturation, the   presence of aromatic rings, and the number of the various heteroatoms    are among the chief distinctions between natural and synthetic   compounds. Natural  products also include a significant proportion of   recurring molecular scaffolds  that are not present in currently   marketed drugs: the bioactivity of these  natural substructures has been   refined over the long process of evolution. In   this Account, we present our research  aimed at preparing libraries of   semisynthetic compounds or chemically  engineered extracts   (CEEs) through chemical diversification of natural products  mixtures. The approach relies on the power of numbers, that is, in the chemical alteration of a sizable fraction of the starting complex mixture. Major changes  in composition can be achieved through the chemical   transformation of reactive  molecular fragments that are found in most   natural products. If such fragments  are common enough, their   transformation represents an entry point for chemically  altering a high   proportion of the components of crude natural extracts.                      We have searched for common reactive fragments  in the Dictionary of Natural Products   (CRC Press) and identified several  functional groups that are expected   to be present in a large fraction of the  components of an average   natural crude extract. To date we have used reactions  that incorporate   (i) nitrogen atoms through carbonyl groups, (ii) sulfur by   transformation  of OH and amines, and (iii) bromine through double   bonds and aromatic rings. The  resulting CEEs had different composition   and biomolecular properties than their  natural progenitors. We isolated   a semisynthetic beta-glucosidase inhibitor from a  CEE prepared by   reaction with benzenesulfonyl chloride, an antifungal pyrazole  from a   CEE prepared by reaction with hydrazine, and an acetylcholinesterase    inhibitor from a CEE prepared through bromination. Our results   illustrate how  biological activity can be generated through chemical   diversification of  natural product mixtures. Moreover, the level of   control that can be asserted  in the process by judicious design and   experimental choices underscores the  potential for further development   of CEEs in both basic research and drug  discovery.","palabras_clave":"Chemically engineered extract|bioautography|bioactive compounds|diversity"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114510,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Responses to sublethal copper exposure in two strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae) in autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions","resumen":"The aim of this work was to determine the responses to sublethal copper exposure (20 and 40 mM CuCl2) in two Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains: the wild type 4A+ and the pleiotropic mutant cur9, originally selected as a coppertolerant phenotype in mixotrophic conditions. Bioassays were performed in both autotrophic and mixotrophic media, under low irradiation (50 mmol m22 s21). At the onset, Cu2+ concentration in culture media was estimated by MINEQL software. Oxidative stress indicators, such as changes in photosynthetic pigment ratios, catalase activity, concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and growth rate, demonstrated a better performance of the wild type and the mutant strain in autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, respectively. Moderate oxidative stress was accompanied by ultrastructural changes, such as accumulation of starch and vacuoles with electronic-dense deposits and membranous structures together with mild thylakoidal and mitochondrial crest disorganization. In mixotrophic conditions isocitrate lyase (ICL) activity peaked after 72 h incubation. An inverse relation between catalase (CAT) and ICL activities was verified and proved to be a good indicator of oxidative stress correlating consistently with other characteristic features such as depression in growth rate or increase in TBARS dosage.mM CuCl2) in two Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains: the wild type 4A+ and the pleiotropic mutant cur9, originally selected as a coppertolerant phenotype in mixotrophic conditions. Bioassays were performed in both autotrophic and mixotrophic media, under low irradiation (50 mmol m22 s21). At the onset, Cu2+ concentration in culture media was estimated by MINEQL software. Oxidative stress indicators, such as changes in photosynthetic pigment ratios, catalase activity, concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and growth rate, demonstrated a better performance of the wild type and the mutant strain in autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, respectively. Moderate oxidative stress was accompanied by ultrastructural changes, such as accumulation of starch and vacuoles with electronic-dense deposits and membranous structures together with mild thylakoidal and mitochondrial crest disorganization. In mixotrophic conditions isocitrate lyase (ICL) activity peaked after 72 h incubation. An inverse relation between catalase (CAT) and ICL activities was verified and proved to be a good indicator of oxidative stress correlating consistently with other characteristic features such as depression in growth rate or increase in TBARS dosage.","palabras_clave":"Chlamydomonas reinhardtii|oxidative stress|autotrophic and mixotrophic growth|ultrastructure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114511,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modelling diffusion and adsorption of As species in Fe\/GAC adsorbent beds","resumen":"Background: Arsenic decontamination of drinking water by adsorption is a simple and robust operation. When designing packed bed adsorbers for arsenic, the main problems are the slow diffusion kinetics of As in microporous media and the lack of simple equations for predicting the performance of the equipment. Commercial iron-doped granular activated carbon adsorbents (Fe\/GAC) for groundwater arsenic abatement were studied in this work. Basic parameters for arsenate (AsV) adsorption were measured and their performance at larger scale was simulated with an approximate analytical model. Results: In the 0-300 &mu;gAs L-1 range, the AsV adsorption isotherm on Fe\/GAC was found to be approximately linear. Assuming Henry´s law for adsorption and homogeneous surface diffusion with constant diffusivity for intrapellet mass transfer, an approximate model for flow and adsorption of arsenate inside packed bed adsorbers was developed, and reduced to an analytic compact solution using the quasi-lognormal distribution (Q-LND) approximation. The use of this model with fitted and reported parameters enabled the approximate simulation of industrial adsorbers and home point-of-use filters. Results show that industrial adsorbers meet the breakthrough condition with incomplete utilization of the adsorbent unless convenient process configurations are used. In point-of-use systems with short residence times intraparticle diffusion would drastically reduce the adsorbent performance. Conclusion: Assuming linear adsorption of AsV over Fe\/GAC, an analytical approximate solution for flow and adsorption in packed beds can be obtained. The model seems to represent correctly the main features of industrial and home filters, however, more experimental data is necessary for scale-up purposes. &copy; 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.","palabras_clave":"IRON|GAC|ADSORPTION|ARSENIC ABATEMENT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114512,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Leptin increases prostate cancer aggressiveness","resumen":"Recent studies indicate that adipose tissue and adipocytokines might affect the development of prostate cancer (PCa). Leptin would have a stimulating effect on prostate cancer cells by inducing promotion and progression, whereas adiponectin would have a protective effect. The aim of this study was to determine the relation between body composition, leptin and adiponectin levels with the prevalence and aggressiveness of PCa in men of Mendoza, Argentina. 70 volunteers between 50 and 80 years (35 healthy men as control group and 35 with PCa) were selected. The PCa group was subclassified according to the Gleason Score (GS). Digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound and prostatic biopsy were performed; PSA, testosterone, leptin and adiponectin levels were determined; and a nutritional interview including anthropometric measurements and a food frequency questionnaire was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed by Student T test, ANOVA I and Bonferroni (p &lt;0.05). Body mass index and percentage of body fat mass were not statistically different between PCa and control groups. However, body fat mass was higher in subjects with more aggressive tumors (p=0,032). No differences were observed regarding leptin levels between the groups. Nevertheless, leptin levels were higher in subjects with high GS (p &lt;0.001). Adiponectin levels showed no statistical differences regarding the presence and aggressiveness of the tumor (p=0,131). Finally, consumption and nutrient intake did not differ in the studied groups. In conclusion, body composition and leptin are related to the PCa aggressiveness but not with its prevalence.                     ","palabras_clave":"LEPTIN|ADIPONECTIN|BODY MASS INDEX|PROSTATE CANCER PREVALENCE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114513,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"VALPROIC ACID ALTERS MITOCHONDRIAL CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT IN Y1 ADRENOCORTICAL CELLS","resumen":"Several reports suggest putative interactions between valproic acid   (VPA) treatment and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Given that   VPA alters mitochondrial functions, an action of this drug on a   mitochondrial process such as steroid synthesis in adrenal cells should   be expected. In order to disclose a putative action of VPA on the   adrenocortical cell itself we evaluated VPA effects on regulatory steps   of the acute stimulation of steroidogenesis in Y1 adrenocortical cells.   This study demonstrates that VPA increases progesterone production in   non-stimulated cells without inducing the levels of Steroidogenic Acute   Regulatory (StAR) protein, which facilitates cholesterol transport. This   result suggests that VPA increases mitochondrial cholesterol transport   through a StAR-independent mechanism and is further supported by the   fact that in isolated mitochondria VPA stimulates exogenous cholesterol   metabolization to progesterone. VPA also reduces the cAMP-mediated   increase of the StAR protein, mRNA levels, promoter activity and   progesterone production. In summary, the present data show that VPA can   alter steroid production in adrenal cells by a complex mechanism that   mainly involves an action on cholesterol access to the inner   mitochondrial membrane. The VPA-mediated increase of basal   steroidogenesis could be linked to the increase of basal cortisolemia   described in patients under VPA treatment.","palabras_clave":"valproic acid|steroidogenesis|adrenal|ACTH"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114514,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The role of semen in sexual transmission of HIV: beyond a carrier for virus particles","resumen":"Unprotected sexual intercourse between discordant couples is by far the most frequent mode of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type1) transmission being semen the main vector for HIV-1 dissemination worldwide. Semen is usually considered merely as a vehicle for HIV-1transmission. In this review we discuss recent observations suggesting that beyond being a carrier for virus particles semen markedly influencesthe early events involved in sexual transmission of HIV through the mucosal barriers.","palabras_clave":"HIV|Semen"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114515,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epithelial Cells Activate Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Improving Their Anti-HIV Activity","resumen":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a major role in anti-viral immunity by virtue of their ability to produce high amountsof type I interferons (IFNs) and a variety of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in response to viral infections. Sincerecent studies have established that pDCs accumulate at the site of virus entry in the mucosa, here we analyzed whetherepithelial cells were able to modulate the function of pDCs. We found that the epithelial cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2, as wellas a primary culture of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HRTEC), induced the phenotypic maturation of pDCs stimulatingthe production of inflammatory cytokines. By contrast, epithelial cells did not induce any change in the phenotype ofconventional or myeloid DCs (cDCs) while significantly stimulated the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.Activation of pDCs by epithelial cells was prevented by Bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of endosomal acidification as well as bythe addition of RNase to the culture medium, suggesting the participation of endosomal TLRs. Interestingly, the cross-talkbetween both cell populations was shown to be associated to an increased expression of TLR7 and TLR9 by pDCs and theproduction of LL37 by epithelial cells, an antimicrobial peptide able to bind and transport extracellular nucleic acids into theendosomal compartments. Interestingly, epithelium-activated pDCs impaired the establishment of a productive HIVinfection in two susceptible target cells through the stimulation of the production of type I IFNs, highlighting the anti-viralefficiency of this novel activation pathway.","palabras_clave":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cells|epithelial cells"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114516,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Comment on 'Improved bounds on entropic uncertainty relations'","resumen":"We provide an analytical proof of the entropic uncertainty relations presented by J. I. de Vicente and J. Sánchez-Ruiz [Phys. Rev. A 77, 042110 (2008)] and also show that the replacement of Eq. (27) by Eq. (29) in that reference introduces solutions that do not take fully into account the constraints of the problem, which in turn lead to some mistakes in their treatment.","palabras_clave":"ENTROPIC UNCERTAINTY RELATIONS|SHANNON ENTROPY|LANDAU-POLLAK INEQUALITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114517,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Licofitas y Helechos de Mendoza. Lycopodiidae, Equisetidae, Ophioglossidae y Polypodiidae","resumen":"Los helechos y licofitas tradicionalmente han sido considerados una división del Reino Plantae conocida como Pteridophyta. Esta clasificación puede llegar a ser valiosa a los fines prácticos, pero es totalmente artificial y parafilética, no refleja las relaciones de parentesco entre los miembros de este grupo, ya que las pteridofitas constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de plantas que no comparten una historia evolutiva común. Actualmente, sobre la base de estudios moleculares y morfológicos se ha separado a las pteridofitas en dos grupos: las licofitas y los helechos. Varios análisis filogenéticos han establecido que las licofitas son el grupo hermano de todas las demás plantas vasculares y que se originaron en el Paleozoico, mientras que los helechos son más cercanos a las plantas con semilla.","palabras_clave":"Helechos|Licofitas|Pteridofitas|Flora de Mendoza"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114518,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"As productive and slow as a stream can be- the metabolism of a Pampean stream.","resumen":"Stream metabolism at both ecosystem and functional-compartment scales was measured in a low-order Pampean stream (La Choza) over a 3-wk period to characterize metabolic rates and discern the contribution of each functional compartment (submerged macrophytes, benthos, floating macroalgae, water column, and hyporheic zone) to ecosystem metabolism. La Choza stream is an autotrophic ecosystem during low flows and has gross primary production rates of up to 22 g O2 m22d21, which are among the highest reported in the literature and set an upper bound on how productive streams can be in the absence of light and nutrient limitations. Floating macroalgae provided most of the primary production (30\u201390%), whereas the hyporheic zone provided most of the ecosystem respiration (40\u201380%). The differential effects of high flows on the different functional compartments depressed the production:respiration ratio, suggesting a strong relationship between flow and metabolism. Thus, low flows enhanced primary production and led to diel dissolved O2 concentration oscillations between 0 and 25 g O2\/m3. In contrast, high flow depressed primary production by an order of magnitude and increased ecosystem respiration. High production rates during the low-flow period and extreme physicochemical conditions (anoxia for 7\u20138 h on a daily basis) may be typical in this type of ecosystem during extended low-flow periods.","palabras_clave":"STREAM ECOLOGY|ECOHYDROLOGY|ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM|PAMPEAN STREAMS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114519,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sperm genome cloning used in biparental bovine embryo reconstruction.","resumen":"he generation of androgenetic haploid embryos enables several haploid blastomeres to be obtained as identical copies of a single spermatozoon genome. In the present study, we compared the developmental ability of bovine androgenetic haploid embryos constructed by different methods, namely IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) before and after oocyte enucleation. Once obtained, the blastomeres of these androgenetic haploid embryos were used as male genome donors to reconstruct biparental embryos by fusion with matured oocytes. To verify the cytoplasmic contribution of androgenetic haploid blastomeres, we used spermatozoa incubated previously with exogenous DNA that coded for a green fluorescent protein gene (pCX-EGFP) and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-positive androgenetic haploid blastomeres generated were fused with mature oocytes. Of the reconstructed embryos reaching the cleavage and blastocyst stages, 85.1% and 9.0%, respectively, expressed EGFP (P>0.05). EGFP expression was observed in 100% of reconstructed embryos, with 91.2% exhibiting homogenic expression. To confirm sperm genome incorporation, androgenetic haploid blastomeres generated by ICSI prior to enucleation and using Y chromosome sexed spermatozoa were used for biparental embryo reconstruction. Incorporation of the Y chromosome was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis. In conclusion, the results of the present study prove that it is possible to use sperm genome replicates to reconstruct biparental bovine embryos and that it is a highly efficient technique to generate homogeneous transgene-expressing embryos","palabras_clave":"sexed haploid NT|sperm cloning| transgenesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114520,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efficient transgene expression in IVF and parthenogenetic bovine embryos by intracytoplasmic injection of DNA-liposome complexes","resumen":"Transgenic animals constitute an important tool with many biotechnological applications. Although there have been advances in this field, we propose a novel method that may greatly increase the efficiency of transgenic animal production and thereby its application. This new technique consists of intracytoplasmic injection of liposomes, in bovine oocytes and zygotes, to introduce exogenous DNA. In the first experiment, we evaluated embryo development and EGFP expression in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) embryos injected with different concentrations of exogenous DNA-liposome complexes (0.5, 5, 50, 500 ng pCX-EGFP\/&#956;l). The highest EGFP-embryos rates were obtained using 500 ng pCX-EGFP\/&#956;l. In the second experiment, we evaluated embryo development and EGFP expression following the injection of DNA-liposome complexes into pre-fertilized oocytes and presumptive zygotes, 16 and 24 h post-fertilization. Approximately 70% of the cleaved embryos and 50% of the blastocysts expressed EGFP, when egfp-liposome was injected 16 h post-fertilization. The percentages of positive embryos for the 24-h post-fertilization and pre-fertilization groups were 30.1 and 6.3, respectively. Blastocysts that developed from injected zygotes were analysed by PCR, confirming the presence of transgene in all embryos. Finally, we examined the embryo development and EGFP expression of parthenogenetic embryos that resulted from the injection of egfp-liposome complexes into pre-activated oocytes, and 3 and 11 h post-activated oocytes. The group with the highest expression rate (48.4%) was the one injected 3 h post-activation. In summary, this study reports the efficient, reproducible and fast production of IVF and parthenogenetic embryos expressing EGFP, by the intracytoplasmic injection of liposomes to introduce the foreign DNA.","palabras_clave":"ntracytoplasmic injection of DNA-liposome complexes|Transgene Expression"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114521,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Modulation of maternal LIF producers T cells by trophoblast and paternal antigens","resumen":"The allorecognition in uterus enhances the production of essential growth factors for embryonic development, such as leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), neuropeptides, as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and progesterone modulate the pro-inflammatory response during the feto-maternal dialogue. Here, we evaluated the contribution of maternal CD4 cells, activated by paternal or trophoblast antigens, to LIF production and its modulation by VIP and progesterone in fertile women or with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). The frequency of fertile CD4+ LIF+ cells was increased by VIP and progesterone after the co-culture with paternal alloantigens or with an immortalized trophoblast cell line (Swan 71). This increase was accompanied by a decrease in MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity and an increase in the pSTAT3\/STAT3 ratio. Although under the same conditions, patients with RSA have decreased levels of LIF expression and these could not be modulated by VIP and progesterone. Moreover, these patients have a reduced number of endometrial infiltrated CD4+ LIF+ cells in comparison with fertile women which could be related with the exacerbated inflammatory response observed in the maternal\u2013fetal dialogue model.","palabras_clave":"CHEMOKINES|RECURRENT SPONTANEOUS ABORPTIONS|TOLERANCE AND PREGNANCY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114522,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Effects of Melia azedarach extract on Cotesia ayerza, parasitoid of the alfalfa defoliator Colias lesbia","resumen":"Extracts from the fruit of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) have shown antifeedant and toxic effects on several  insect species, including various pests, but the action of these compounds on natural enemies such as  predators and parasitoids is less understood. The purpose of this work was to assess extract effects on  Cotesia ayerza (Brèthes) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of the alfalfa defoliator Colias lesbia  Fab. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). The extract was first tested on butterfly larvae, in order to determine sublethal  concentrations, and thus enable the evaluation of extract effects on parasitoid development from  treated hosts. Direct effects of the extract through ingestion or contact (topical application) on adult wasp  survival were also evaluated. An extract concentration of 0.2% was selected for parasitoid tests, since it  allowed butterfly larvae to survive and pupate at normal rates, while inducing sublethal effects manifested  as lower body weight. The indirect effects of the extract, through parasitoid development on treated  hosts, were seen only in a female-biased sex ratio, without significant effects on either cocoon  formation time, number of cocoons or adult parasitoids emerged. Adult wasps suffered increased mortality  when their food was treated with extract, but were unaffected by topical application. These results  suggest that M. azedarach extracts could represent an interesting tool for integrated pest management  of C. lesbia populations.","palabras_clave":"Cotesia ayerza|Melia azedarach|botanical pesticides|Colias lesbia|pest control"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114523,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Network topology: patterns and mechanisms in plant-herbivore and host-parasitoid food webs","resumen":"Biological communities are organized in complex interaction networks such as food webs,which topology appears to be non-random. Gradients, compartments, nested subsets and even combinations of these structures have been shown in bipartite networks. However, in most studies only one pattern is tested against randomness and mechanistic hypotheses are generally lacking. 2.&nbsp; Here we examined the topology of regional, coexisting plant-herbivore and host-parasitoid food webs to discriminate between the mentioned network patterns. We also evaluated the role of species body size, local abundance, regional frequency and phylogeny as determinants of network topology.3.&nbsp; We found both food webs to be compartmented, with interaction range boundaries imposed by host phylogeny. Species degree within compartments was mostly related to their regional frequency and local abundance. Only one compartment showed an internal nested structure in the distribution of interactions between species, but species position within this compartment was unrelated to species size or abundance.4.&nbsp; These results suggest that compartmentalization may be more common than previously considered, and that network structure is a result of multiple, hierarchical, non-exclusive processes.","palabras_clave":"FOOD WEBS|NETWORK TOPOLOGY|LEAFMINERS|PHYLOGENY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114524,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Parasitic assemblages on leafminers: a comparison of structure and function among host Orders","resumen":"In this study we ask whether parasitic complexes of leafminers display differences associated to host order, by comparing species number, taxonomic composition, parasitism rates and host ranges in parasitoid assemblages associated with lepidopteran and dipteran leafminers, in Chaco Serrano woodlands, central Argentina. Parasitoid assemblage size did not signi&#64257;cantly differ between host orders, but dipteran hosts suffered higher parasitism rates. Lepidopteran hosts recruited a higher proportion of species and individuals of Braconidae, whereas dipteran leafminers were attacked by a higher proportion of Pteromalidae. We found clear effects of host taxonomic af&#64257;lia-tion on the associated parasitoid fauna.","palabras_clave":"PARASITOIDS|HOST ASSEMBLAGES|HOST ORDER|PARASITISM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114525,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"El enfoque socio-antropológico y la extensión universitaria: Reflexiones en torno a talleres participativos con niños\/as y jóvenes en el espacio escolar","resumen":"El artículo que aquí presentamos parte de la descripción de las acciones que, como grupo de investigadores, docentes y estudiantes de la carrera de Antropología llevamos a cabo en el marco del Centro de Innovación y Desarrollo para la Acción Comunitaria[1] (CIDAC) y a partir de un Proyecto de Voluntariado Universitario[2] del Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Esta experiencia de extensión universitaria tuvo lugar en dos instituciones escolares: una escuela de nivel secundario (modalidad de Reingreso[3]) y una escuela de nivel primario, ambas localizadas en la zona sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. La propuesta implicó, en tanto estrategia de inclusión escolar, la realización de talleres con los estudiantes que pusiera en primer plano sus perspectivas acerca de cuestiones que viven a diario en relación a su condición de joven\/niño y alumno. Es decir, buscábamos promover un espacio de reflexión que permitiera distanciarnos del cotidiano para poder pensarlo, como también recuperar las distintas trayectorias pasadas como alumno y re-pensar el presente. [1] Dependiente de la Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Bienestar Estudiantil, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UBA. [2] Proyecto Voluntariado Universitario 2009: \u201CRelevamiento y acompañamiento de familias, niños y jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad y su relación con las instituciones educativas de la zona sur de la CABA\u201D, dirigido por la Lic. Liliana Sinisi. [3] Las escuelas de reingreso responden a una iniciativa que promueve que los jóvenes no escolarizados vuelvan a la escuela y concluyan los estudios secundarios. Dichas escuelas tienen características especiales que buscan simplificar la finalización de los estudios: número reducido de materias de cursado simultáneo; régimen especial de equivalencias; actividades opcionales: artes, actividad física, formación profesional; promoción por asignaturas. En un mismo año se pueden cursar materias que en el plan de estudios corresponden a años diferentes; asignaturas de cursada regular y unidades que pueden acreditarse con o sin cursada; asistencia por materia; sistema de apoyo escolar y tutorías. (www.buenosaires.gov.ar ) ","palabras_clave":"SOCIOANTROPOLOGICO|TALLERES|CO PARTICIPACION|ESCUELA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114526,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"CAMBIOS DE GRAVEDAD DE ORIGEN TECTÓNICO EN LA TRANSICIÓN ENTRE SIERRAS PAMPEANAS OCCIDENTALES Y LA PRECORDILLERA SANJUANINA","resumen":"El fenómeno sísmico está estrechamente ligado a cambios de gravedad producto de la deformación y de cambios de densidad en la corteza. Se ha establecido una red de control geodésico con el propósito de determinar relaciones espacio-temporales en la evolución del campo gravitatorio producido por actividad tectónica. La red está compuesta por 65 puntos fijos bien materializados y cubre un área de 3.500 km2 con la ciudad de San Juan en su centro. Diez años de mediciones periódicas en la red han permitido evaluar velocidades de variación de la intensidad del campo gravitatorio, éstas se ajustan razonablemente por el modelo estadístico de regresión lineal de las observaciones de la gravedad versus tiempo. Los resultados señalan el levantamiento actual de la Precordillera Oriental, que se refleja en aumentos de gravedad (g) en las estaciones situadas al oeste del fallamiento Villicum-Ullum-Zonda y en la disminución de g al este de la estructura. Identificamos tres segmentos activos: a) la falla de La Laja con fuerte disminución de g, b) el segmento Maradona-Cerro Bravo, con aumentos de g al oeste de la Sa. Chica de Zonda y c) una disminución de g en la falla de La Rinconada. Los datos muestran actividad tectónica en el sistema de fallas del Tulum que exhibe un gradiente en la dirección del lineamiento Cerro Valdivia-Cerro Barboza-Sierra de Pie de Palo que se incrementa hacia el este. Sus variaciones máximas negativas se observan al este del Cerro Barboza. Mapas de anomalías magnéticas y gravimétricas señalan patrones en el basamento coincidentes con estas estructuras activas.","palabras_clave":"control gravimétrico 4D|movilidad cortical|fuentes sismogénicas"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114527,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Study of the Claromecó Basin from gravity, magnetic and geoid undulation charts","resumen":"In this work we analyze crustal characteristics of Claromecó Intermontane Basin using gravity and magnetic anomalies and local geoid undulations. They are: 1) isostatic compensation (based on Airy hypothesis), related to stretching; 2) all sedimentary filling the basin, covering more than 12 km with density contrast value of - 100 kg\/m3, resulting to the well balanced by an antiroot filled with upper mantle materials...","palabras_clave":"Claromecó Sedimentary Basin|Isostasy|Crustal model"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114528,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ANALISIS DE LA CUENCA DEL BERMEJO EN LOS ÚLTIMOS 8 Ma.","resumen":"En el presente trabajo se propone un modelo isostático flexural elástico como mecanismo dominanteen la generación de las estructuras de la cuenca de antepaís del Bermejo. La región de estudio a partirdel Neógeno se comportó de forma diferente, pudiendo dividirse por lo menos en dos etapas. Laprimera, desde la formación de la cuenca de antepaís andino, hasta el inicio del levantamiento de lassierras Pampeanas occidentales, donde el mecanismo predominante fue la flexión elástica. La segundaetapa, motivo del presente trabajo, que abarca desde la reactivación de la megafalla Desaguadero-Bermejo hasta el presente, donde comienza a actuar el mecanismo de flexión elástica en cortezadiscontinua o rota. Las respuestas flexurales obtenidas para una corteza con un espesor elásticoequivalente (Te) entre 5 y 7 km generan una geometría consistente con la actual cuenca del Bermejo ycon los modelos de corteza previamente justificados a partir de la anomalía residual de Bouguer.","palabras_clave":"flexión elástica|placa rota|cuenca sedimentaria"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114529,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"La Citogenética Vegetal en Misiones","resumen":"Julio Rubén Daviña y Ana Isabel HonfiABSTRACTWe present here an account of the actors playing an important role in Plant Cytogenetics development at the National University of Misiones, and some of the main advances achieved there. Key words: chromosomes, karyotype, poliploidy chromosomes, karyotype, poliploidy RESUMENSe mencionan algunos actores y se relatan los avances en citogenética vegetal desarrollados en los últimos veinte años en la Universidad Nacional de Misiones.Palabras clave: Cromosomas, cariotipo, poliploidíaCromosomas, cariotipo, poliploidía","palabras_clave":"cromosoma|cariotipo |poliploidia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114530,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Best  local approximation in Orlicz spaces","resumen":"Abstract: We get results in Orlicz spaces L&#966; about best local approximation on not balanced neighborhoods when &#966; satisfies a certain asymptotic condition. This fact generalizes known previous results in Lp spaces.","palabras_clave":"BEST|LOCAL|||.||-APPROXIMATION|NON-BALANCED|NEIGHBORHOOD"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114531,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Efavirenz is a substrate and in turn modulates the expression of the efflux transporter ABCG2\/BCRP in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat","resumen":"The oral bioavailability of the antiretroviral efavirenz (EFV) undergoes high inter and intra-individual variability, this fact supporting its therapeutic drug monitoring. Previously, it was demonstrated that the encapsulation of EFV within polymeric micelles increases the oral bioavailability of the drug. The breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP, ABCG2) is known to be inhibited by EFV in vitro. Since ABCG2 is profusely expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, the aim of the present work was to thoroughly investigate whether the intestinal permeability of EFV is modulated by ABCG2. The functional role of ABCG2 in mediating the transport of EFV at the intestinal level was consistent with the following &#64257;ndings: (a) an ABCG2 inhibitor, fumitremorgin C (5?10 mM), signi&#64257;cantly potentiated the mucosal-to-serosal permeation of the drug in everted gut sacs; (b) a &#64257;ve-day oral treatment with 20 mg\/kg EFV promotes the over-expression of ABCG2 in about 100%, this phenomenon being accompanied by a clear decline in the intestinal permeability of the antiretroviral and (c) the normalization of the ABCG2 expression within 24 h after the last administration of EFV was coincident with the recovery of the ability of the drug to permeate through the small intestine wall. Interestingly, no interactions between EFV and P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) were apparent. Since the intestinal permeability of a drug could be associated with its in vivo absorbability, we suggest that the oral absorption of EFV is affected by modi&#64257;cations in the ABCG2 intestinal expression contributing to the intra-individual bioavailability variations.","palabras_clave":"Efavirenz|ABCG2\/BCRP efflux pump|Polymeric micelles|Intestine"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114532,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Lattice-boltzmann Navier-stokes Simulation on Graphic Processing Units","resumen":"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  \t\t\t\t  Lattice Boltzmann Methods   (LBM) was one of the first simulation models   which successfully run on Graphic Processing Units. Earlier LBM   implementations using NVIDIA Compute Unified Device Architecture   programming language required two steps (collision-propagation and   exchange) to maximize memory bandwidth. This article presents a parallel   single-step implementation of the Lattice Boltzmann method with fully   coalesced memory access using shared-memory. The resulting code, running   on low cost Personal Computer Graphic Processing Unit was able to   process more than 800 million cells updates per second, approaching High   Performance Computing clusters\u2019 performances. Substantial reductions of   the calculation rates were achieved, lowering down to 240 times the   time required by a CPU to execute the same model. The code was tested on   the numerical calculation of the flow in a two-dimensional channel with   a sudden expansion. The precision of the results were validated against   a proved finite-element solver.  ","palabras_clave":"Graphic Processing Units|Lattice-Boltzmann methods|Navier-Stokes simulations|Compute Unified Device Architecture|High Performance Computing"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114533,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"'Effects of the addition of wild legumes (Lathyrus annuus and Lathyrus clymenum) on the physical and nutritional properties of extruded products based on whole corn and brown rice.'","resumen":"The effects of the addition of wild legumes (Lathyrus) from the South of Spain on the physical and nutri-tional properties of extruded products based on whole corn and brown rice were studied. Samples wereobtained with a Brabender single screw extruder. The physical characterisation of the expanded productswas performed by the measurement of density, expansion, solubility and specific mechanical energy con-sumption (SMEC). Chemical composition, amino acids content, protein digestibility, total polyphenol con-tent and potential availability of iron and zinc were determined.Results showed that expansion, solubility and SMEC were higher for rice blends than for corn blends,while density followed an inverse trend. Addition of legumes produces a decrease of expansion and anincrease in solubility in both rice-containing and corn-containing samples. With only 15% of legumereplacement, a significant increase in protein content and quality, fibre, and mineral content wasobtained. Protein digestibility was in the range of 82\u201384% and mineral availability in the 6.4\u201312.1% rangefor iron and 10\u201318.6% for zinc. The performance of each mixture during extrusion and the physical prop-erties of the extruded products were considered to be in the range of those expected for snack typeproducts","palabras_clave":"LATHYRUS|EXTRUSION|NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES|IRON AVAILABILITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114534,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Attempt of integration of a small commercial ammonia-water absorption refrigerator with a solar concentrator: Experience and results","resumen":"The integration of a small commercial ammonia-water absorption refrigerator with a solar  concentrator as heat source was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Operation  parameters of the fridge were determined by parametric fitting experimental data using  a thermodynamic model of the cycle leading to a working pressure of 25 bar, weak and  strong solution concentrations of 15% and 30% respectively and a COP of w0.18. As sold,  the fridge can operate with a reduction in the electric power supply of up to 40%. Results  showed that the Parabolic Concentrator (PC) used can deliver temperatures above 200 C  for almost 6 h with an average useful power delivery and efficiency of 530 W and 26%  respectively. During laboratory test runs it was possible to hold the refrigeration cycle  running in a very unstable regime despite the inappropriate heat distribution in the  generator unit due to the lower temperature heat source used (220 C). However, outdoor  testing with the sun as energy source proved unsuccessful due to the higher heat losses  that occur at the pipes connecting the PC with the fridge.","palabras_clave":"ABSORPTION|REFRIGERATOR|ENERGY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114535,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Alkanethiol Adsorption on Platinum: Chain Length Effects on the  Quality of Self-Assembled Monolayers","resumen":"The adsorption of butanethiol (BT), hexanethiol (HT), anddodecanethiol (DT) on Pt from ethanolic solutions has been studied byelectrochemical techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), anddensity functional theory (DFT) calculations. XPS data show two main S 2pcomponents at 162.3 and 163.4 eV. The barrier properties estimated by doublelayercapacitance and the blockage of the electron transfer from a redox couple insolution are markedly improved for self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thelonger DT molecule. While the behavior of DT monolayers on Pt is comparableto that found for those grown on Au, HT and BT SAMs on Pt are more defective, are less blocking, and have a slightly lower thiolatecoverage than their Au counterparts. The chain length dependent quality of these SAMs is explained based on DFT andthermodynamics calculations. It is demonstrated that a lying down (LD) surface structure dominates the stability diagram for theshorter chain thiols, while the standing up (SU) phase is more important for DT. We propose that the poor quality observed forSAMs of short chain thiolates results from an easier CS bond scission of the thioalkyl radical in a LD configuration","palabras_clave":"PLATINUM|XPS|ALKANETHIOL|SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114536,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Surface functionalization of electro-deposited nickel","resumen":"A new in situ electrochemical method of functionalizing an oxide-free Ni surface is demonstratedusing octanethiol. Initial adsorption results in a multilayer molecular film, which blocks both thehydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and re-oxidation of the Ni by ambient oxygen. However,excess octanethiol can be removed by rinsing with ethanol, leaving behind a monolayer thatcontinues to protect against re-oxidation but gives rise to an unexpected enhancement in theHER, with a greater enhancement for longer film formation times. The presence of an octanethiolmonolayer on the surface was confirmed by spectroscopic observation of the CH2, CH3 andthiolate groups using infra red spectroscopy, while X-ray photo-electron spectroscopydemonstrated the effectiveness of the thiol layer as a barrier to surface oxidation. Theelectrochemically prepared octanethiol film impedes oxidation of the Ni in air more effectivelythan a film formed by immersion in a solution of octanethiol in ethanol.","palabras_clave":"Alkanethiols|Nickel|self-assembled monolayers"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114537,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A systematic cross-search for radio\/infrared counterparts of XMM- Newton sources","resumen":"We present a catalog of cross-correlated radio, infrared and X-ray sources using a very restrictive selection criteria with an IDL-based code developed by us. The significance of the observed coincidences was evaluated throughMonte Carlo simulations of synthetic sources following a well-tested protocol. We found 3320 coincident radio\/X-ray sources with a high statistical significance characterized by the sum of error-weighted coordinate differences. For 997 of them, 2MASS counterparts were found. The percentage of chance coincidences is less than 1%. X-ray hardness ratios of wellknown populations of objects were used to provide a crude representation of their X-ray spectrum and to make a preliminary diagnosis of the possible nature of unidentified X-ray sources. The results support the fact that the X-ray sky is largely dominated by Active Galactic Nuclei at high galactic latitudes (|b| &gt; 10 deg). At low galactic latitudes (|b| &lt; 10 deg) most of unidentified X-ray sources (~ 94%) lie at |b| &lt; 2 deg. This result suggests that most of the unidentified sources found toward the Milky Way plane are galactic objects. Well-known and unidentified sources were classified in different tables with their corresponding radio\/infrared and X-ray properties. These tables are intended as a useful tool for researchers interested in particular identifications.","palabras_clave":"CATALOGS, METHODS: STATISTICAL|X-RAYS: GENERAL|RADIO CONTINUUM: GENERAL|INFRARED: GENERAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114538,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Multiwavelength study of the intriguing massive star CPD--59 2629 (Tr 16-22)","resumen":"We report preliminary results of a multi-wavelength (radio\u2013optical\u2013X-ray) study of the massive star CPD &#8722;59 2629 (Tr 16-22) in the Carina Nebula (NGC 3372). This star has historically shown a large X-ray excess (log LX\/Lbol < &#8722;6 or even larger), which is one order of magnitude larger than expected from single massive O-type stars. A colliding wind scenario is a plausible explanation. On this subject, we searched for non-thermal radio emission and used high-resolution optical spectroscopy to check for multiplicity and investigate the nature of the stars as well as the origin and excess of the X-ray emission. We detected long-term radial-velocity and X-ray variability. Both results suggest that Tr 16-22 is a long-term massive binary system and a variable colliding wind shock scenario.","palabras_clave":"Massive stars|Colliding winds|X-rays: general"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114539,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Mutations in two putative phosphorylation motifs in the tomato pollen receptor kinase LePRK2 show antagonistic effects on pollen tube length","resumen":"The tip-growing pollen tube is a useful model for studyingpolarized cell growth in plants. We previously characterizedLePRK2, a pollen-specific receptor-like kinase from tomato(1). Here, we showed that LePRK2 is present as multiplephosphorylated isoforms in mature pollen membranes. Usingcomparative sequence analysis and phosphorylation siteprediction programs, we identified two putative phosphorylationmotifs in the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane (JM) domain.Site-directed mutagenesis in these motifs, followed bytransient overexpression in tobacco pollen, showed thatboth motifs have opposite effects in regulating pollen tubelength. Relative to LePRK2-eGFP pollen tubes, alanine substitutionsin residues of motif I, Ser277\/Ser279\/Ser282, resultedin longer pollen tubes, but alanine substitutions inmotif II, Ser304\/Ser307\/Thr308, resulted in shorter tubes. Incontrast, phosphomimicking aspartic substitutions at theseresidues gave reciprocal results, that is, shorter tubes withmutations in motif I and longer tubes with mutations inmotif II. We conclude that the length of pollen tubes can benegatively and positively regulated by phosphorylation ofresidues in motif I and II respectively. We also showed thatLePRK2-eGFP significantly decreased pollen tube lengthand increased pollen tube tip width, relative to eGFP tubes.The kinase activity of LePRK2 was relevant for this phenotypebecause tubes that expressed a mutation in a lysine essentialfor kinase activity showed the same length and widthas the eGFP control. Taken together, these results suggestthat LePRK2 may have a central role in pollen tube growththrough regulation of its own phosphorylation status.","palabras_clave":"POLEN|QUINASA|fosforilacion|POLINIZACION"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114540,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Evidence for insulin-mediated control of AQP9 expression in human placenta","resumen":"The AQP9 gene contains a negative insulin response element, suggesting that it may be modulated by insulin. Previously, we reported AQP9 overexpression in preeclamptic placentas but a lack of functionality of AQP9 in water and mannitol transport. We also observed high serum levels of insulin and TNF-&#945; in preeclamptic women.      OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether AQP9 expression is regulated by insulin in the human placenta, and whether the dysregulation of AQP9 observed in preeclamptic placentas may be related to the inability to respond to insulin stimuli.      METHODS:Explants from normal and preeclamptic placentas were cultured at different concentrations of insulin. Treatment with TNF-&#945; was used to induce phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS), which may desensitize insulin action. AQP9 molecular expression and water uptake was determined.    RESULTS:Insulin decreased the molecular expression of AQP9 exclusively in explants from normal placentas in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with TNF-&#945; previous to insulin addition prevented these changes. Moreover, insulin treatment did not modify water uptake neither its sensitivity to HgCl(2.)       CONCLUSION: AQP9 water permeability seems to be independent of its molecular expression, strongly suggesting that AQP9 might not have a key role in water transport in human placenta. We also propose another mechanism of down-regulation of AQP9 molecular expression mediated by insulin in a concentration-dependent manner in human placenta and provide new evidence that in preeclamptic placentas the mechanisms of insulin signaling may be altered, producing an overexpression of AQP9 that does not correlate with an increase in its functionality.","palabras_clave":"AQP9|insulin|placenta|preeclampsia"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114541,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Impact of the fungal parasite Rhizophydium couchii (Chytridiomycota) on the population dynamics of the freshwater alga Closterium aciculare (Chlorophyta)","resumen":"Plankton samples from a eutrophic-hypertrophic reservoir from Argentina (Paso de las PiedrasReservoir) were found to contain individuals of Closterium aciculare parasitized by a chytridial fungus. The parasite on this particular host and the impact on its population during the period of its greaterabundance in relation to abiotic variables are described. The life cycle of the fungus was observed withlight and scanning electron microscopy. The chytrid was identified as Rhizophydium couchii Sparrow. The prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe parasite on this particular host and the impact on its population during the period of its greaterabundance in relation to abiotic variables are described. The life cycle of the fungus was observed withlight and scanning electron microscopy. The chytrid was identified as Rhizophydium couchii Sparrow. The prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe parasite on this particular host and the impact on its population during the period of its greaterabundance in relation to abiotic variables are described. The life cycle of the fungus was observed withlight and scanning electron microscopy. The chytrid was identified as Rhizophydium couchii Sparrow. The prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe parasite on this particular host and the impact on its population during the period of its greaterabundance in relation to abiotic variables are described. The life cycle of the fungus was observed withlight and scanning electron microscopy. The chytrid was identified as Rhizophydium couchii Sparrow. The prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareClosterium aciculare parasitized by a chytridial fungus. The parasite on this particular host and the impact on its population during the period of its greaterabundance in relation to abiotic variables are described. The life cycle of the fungus was observed withlight and scanning electron microscopy. The chytrid was identified as Rhizophydium couchii Sparrow. The prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareThe prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareRhizophydium couchii Sparrow. The prevalence of infection reached a maximum of 33% coinciding with a dramatic fall in the density ofthe host population and there was a significant negative correlation between the density of C. aciculareC. aciculare and the prevalence of infection. The major change in abiotic variables was at the beginning of the infection,namely a fall in water temperature and solar radiation. This parameter shows a positive correlation with thedensity of C. aciculare and a negative correlation with the prevalence of infection. The parasitism by Rh. couchii played an important role in the dynamics of the host population. The decline in the population ofcouchii played an important role in the dynamics of the host population. The decline in the population ofcouchii played an important role in the dynamics of the host population. The decline in the population ofcouchii played an important role in the dynamics of the host population. The decline in the population ofC. aciculare and a negative correlation with the prevalence of infection. The parasitism by Rh. couchii played an important role in the dynamics of the host population. The decline in the population ofplayed an important role in the dynamics of the host population. The decline in the population of Closterium aciculare might be due to unfavorable environmental conditions but, on the base of the high percentage of parasitism reached, probably it was accelerated by the chytrid.percentage of parasitism reached, probably it was accelerated by the chytrid.percentage of parasitism reached, probably it was accelerated by the chytrid.percentage of parasitism reached, probably it was accelerated by the chytrid.might be due to unfavorable environmental conditions but, on the base of the high percentage of parasitism reached, probably it was accelerated by the chytrid.Key words: Fungal infection, chytrids, phytoplankton, freshwater reservoir.: Fungal infection, chytrids, phytoplankton, freshwater reservoir.","palabras_clave":"FUNGAL INFECTION|CHYTRIDS|PHYTOPLANKTON|FRESHWATER RESERVOIR"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114542,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"?Ba,K,Co\/CeO2 catalysts for NOx traps: effect of preparation procedure?","resumen":"Ba,K,Co\/CeO2 catalysts for diesel soot and NOx abatement were studied. Different preparation procedureswere analyzed, varying the cobalt precursor and the order of their impregnation. The catalyst interactionwith NO+O2 was studied using a microbalance and testing in both NO+O2 and He atmospheres. FourierTransformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize thecatalysts. The behavior of these catalysts as NOx traps was different. It was found that when cobaltnitrate was added to the Ba,K\/CeO2 catalyst, a high NOx adsorption capacity was obtained and, what iseven more interesting, that the decomposition of the nitrated species occurred at lower temperature. Theidentification by XRD of a perovskite BaCoO3 formed upon this preparation procedure was considered tobe responsible for the different behavior observed in this particular catalyst.","palabras_clave":"NOx TRAPS|BARIUM|COBALT|POTASSIUM|PEROVSKITE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114543,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diesel soot and NOx abatement on K\/La2O3 catalyst: Influence of K precursor on soot combustion","resumen":"Soot particles and NOx are the main pollutants emitted by diesel engines. The K\/La2O3 catalyst is activefor soot combustion and it is able to adsorb NOx; therefore, it could work as NOx trap. In this work, theeffect of the chemical state of K on the catalytic activity is addressed. Both, the influence of the precursorused in the preparation and the effect of NO in the gas phase, are studied. Potassium nitrate, carbonate,and hydroxide were used to prepare the K\/La2O3 catalysts. The catalytic activity for soot combustionwas studied by TPO. XRD and FTIR were used to characterize the different crystalline phases found inthe catalyst. Pulses of CO2 and CO2-TPD were useful to understand the effect of each precursor on thecatalytic activity. The analysis of CO2 adsorption\u2013desorption dynamics made it possible to determinethat the strength of the interaction between this molecule and the catalyst depends on the K precursor,and follows the order: KOH>KNO3 >K2CO3. The presence of La(OH)3 leads to a strong and irreversibleinteraction between the catalyst and the CO2, while the interaction is reversible with the dehydroxilatedcatalyst. The shape of the TPO profiles is related to the basicity of the surface, which according to thedynamics of the CO2 adsorption\u2013desorption is significantly affected by the potassium precursor usedduring the preparation, the thermal treatment, and the treatment with gases normally found in thediesel exhaust, such as the NO.","palabras_clave":"DIESEL SOOT|POTASSIUM PRECURSOR|LANTHANUM"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114544,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Fast Measurements of Average Flow Velocity by Low-Field 1 H NMR","resumen":"In this paper, we describe a method for measuring the average flow velocity of a sample by means ofNuclear Magnetic Resonance. This method is based on the Carr\u2013Purcell\u2013Meiboom\u2013Gill (CPMG) sequenceand does not require the application of any additional static or pulsed magnetic field gradients to thebackground magnetic field. The technique is based on analyzing the early-time behavior of the echoamplitudes of the CPMG sequence. Measurements of average flow velocity of water are presented. Theexperimental results show a linear relationship between the slope\/y-intercept ratio of a linear fit ofthe first echoes in the CPMG sequence, and the average flow velocity of the flowing fluid. The proposedmethod can be implemented in low-cost Low-Field NMR spectrometers allowing a continuous monitoringof the average velocity of a fluid in almost real-time, even if the flow velocity changes rapidly.&nbsp;2011 Published by Elsevier Inc.","palabras_clave":"RMN|FLOW VELOCITY|LOW FIELD|CPMG"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114545,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Geographic distribution of Arsenic and trace metals in lotic ecosystems of the Pampa Plain, Argentina","resumen":"In this paper, the geographic distribution of arsenic and other trace elements in surface waters of 39 lotic ecosystems of central Argentina was evaluated. Manganese and arsenic were the most conspicuous elements, being present in 82%and 59%of the sampled ecosystems of this region, respectively. As concentration averaged 113.69 lg L-1 varying between 55 and 198 lg L-1, other trace elements were hardly detected or not detected at all. It was remarkable the absence of detectable concentrations of anthropogenically derived metals as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd).","palabras_clave":"ARSENIC|TRACE METALS|LOTIC ECOSYSTEMS|ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114546,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Presencia de Euphorbia davidii Subils (Euphorbiaceae) en la zona centro y sur de la Provincia de Buenos Aires: descripción morfológica y anatómica de la especie","resumen":"Durante la determinación taxonómica de la maleza lecherón (Euphorbia dentata Michaux), con el objetivo de llevar a cabo estudios morfológicos, anatómicos y biológicos de la especie, se observaron caracteres que permitieron reclasificarla como Euphorbia davidii Subils. Para la identificación fueron utilizadas plantas de diversas procedencias recolectadas en la zona centro y sur de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. En el presente trabajo se realizó una minuciosa descripción anatómica y morfológica utilizando ejemplares provenientes de distintas poblaciones, determinándose que E. davidii es la especie omnipresente en el área de estudio. Se propone que la misma sea incluida en la flora de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, como así también revisar los ejemplares recolectados provenientes de dicha zona en herbario que pudieran estar clasificados como E. dentata.","palabras_clave":"EUPHORBIA DAVIDII|EUPHORBIA DENTATA|EUPHORBIACEAE|ANATOMIA|MORFOLOGIA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114547,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Osteology and Cranial Musculature of Caiman latirostris (Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)","resumen":"Caiman latirostris Daudin is one of the extant 1 species of Caimaninae alligatorids characterized taxonomically only by external morphological features. In the  present contribution we describe the cranial osteology and myology of this species and  its morphological variation. Several skull dissections and comparisons with other  caimans were made. Although jaw muscles of living crocodiles show the same general  ?Bauplan? and alligatorids seem to have a similar cranial musculature pattern, we  describe some morphological variations (e.g in C. latirostris the superficial pars of  M.A.M.E did not reach the postorbital; the M.A.M.P. did not reach the Meckel cartilage  in its attachment to the lower jaw; the M. intramandibularis is well differentiated as a  robust mass attached to the intramandibular aponeurosis and inserts on the medial surface of the dentary, splenial, angular and Meckel cartilage; the M.A.M.I.  pterygoideus dorsalis did not reach the pterygoid and lacrimal and contrary to the case  of C. crocodilus the M.A.M.I. Pterygoideus ventralis attaches to the posterodorsal  surface of the pterygoid and the pterygoid aponeurosis, without contacting the dorsal  and ventral surface of the pterygoid margin; the M. intermandibularis is attached to the  anterior half of the splenial and posteriorly inserts medially by a medial raphe that  serves as attachment zone for M. constrictor colli; and the M. constrictor colli  profundus presents a medial notch in its anterior margin). In addition, the skull of C.  latirostris differs from that of other caimans and possesses several characters that are  potential diagnostic features of this species (e.g. outline of glenoid cavity in dorsal view,  extension of the rostral ridges, and occlusion of the first dentary teeth). Nevertheless,  these characters should be analysed within the phylogenetic context of the Caimaninae  in order to evaluate its evolutionary implications for the history of the group. ","palabras_clave":"Crocodylia|cranial morphology|cranial miology|Alligatoridae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114548,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"INVESTIGATION OF THE CAUSES OF DEACTIVATION-DEGRADATION OF THE COMMERCIAL  BIOCATALYST  NOVOZYM® 435  IN ETHANOL AND ETHANOL-AQUEOUS MEDIA","resumen":"The effect of contacting neat ethanol and an ethanol: H2O mixture on Novozym® 435 was investigated at room temperature and 45 oC, during various periods of time of interaction with the alcohol (from 40 min to 8 days) and at different biocatalyst: ethanol ratios. The alcohol dissolves the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) that constitutes the support of the Candida antarctica B lipase (CALB) regardless of the conditions investigated and diffuses into the biocatalyst\u2019s beads remaining strongly adsorbed (the desorption of the alcohol is evidenced only upon heating at 150 oC). The diffusion of the alcohol alters the inner texture of the beads generating channels and increasing the roughness of the polymeric material. Additionally, the ethanol modifies the secondary structure of the enzyme by decreasing the a-helix contributions and increasing the b-sheet structure.","palabras_clave":"NOVOZYM 435|ETHANOL|CALB|BIOCATALYST"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114549,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis of 2-Hydrazolyl-4-Thiazolidinones Based on Multicomponent Reactions and Biological Evaluation Against Trypanosoma Cruzi","resumen":"A series of 18 novel 2-hydrazolyl-4-thiazolidinones-5-carboxylic acids, amides and 5,6-&#945;,&#946;-unsaturated esters were synthesized, and their in vitro activity on cruzipain and T. cruzi epimastigotes was determined. Some agents show activity at 37 &#956;m concentration in the enzyme assay. Computational tools and docking were used to correlate the biological response with the physicochemical parameters of the compounds and their cruzipain inhibitory effects.","palabras_clave":"Chagas |Multicomponent reactions|Thiazolidinones|Trypanosoma Cruzi"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114550,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate susceptibility in a community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic clone, in a case of Infective Endocarditis in Argentina","resumen":"Background: Community-Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has traditionally beenrelated to skin and soft tissue infections in healthy young patients. However, it has now emerged as responsiblefor severe infections worldwide, for which vancomycin is one of the mainstays of treatment. Infective endocarditis(IE) due to CA-MRSA with heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate susceptibility-(h-VISA) has been recentlyreported, associated to an epidemic USA 300 CA-MRSA clone.Case Presentation: We  describe the occurrence of h-VISA phenotype in a case of IE caused by a strain  belonging to an epidemic CA-MRSA clone, distinct from USA300, for the first  time in Argentina. The isolate h-VISA (SaB2) was recovered from a patient with  persistent bacteraemia after a 7-day therapy with vancomycin, which evolved to fatal  case of IE complicated with brain abscesses. The initial isolate-(SaB1) was  fully vancomycin susceptible (VSSA). Although MRSA SaB2 was vancomycin susceptible  (&#8804;2 g\/ml) by MIC (agar  and broth dilution, E-test and VITEK 2), a slight increase of MIC values  between SaB1 and SaB2 isolates was detected by the four MIC methods,  particularly for teicoplanin. Moreover, Sab2 was classified as h-VISA by three different  screening methods [MHA5T-screening agar, Macromethod-E-test-(MET) and by GRD  E-test] and confirmed by population analysis profile-(PAP). In addition, a  significant increase in cell-wall thickness was revealed for SaB2 by electron  microscopy. Molecular typing showed that both strains, SaB1 and SaB2, belonged  to ST5 lineage, carried SCCmecIV, lacked Panton-Valentine leukocidin-(PVL)  genes and had indistinguishable PFGE patterns (subtype I2), thereby confirming  their isogenic nature. In addition, they were clonally related to the epidemic  CA-MRSA clone (pulsotype I) detected in our country.Conclusions: This  report demonstrates the ability of this epidemic CA-MRSA clone, disseminated in  some regions of Argentina, to produce severe and rapidly fatal infections such  as IE, in addition to its ability to acquire low-level vancomycin resistance;  for these reasons, it constitutes a new challenge for the Healthcare System of  this country.","palabras_clave":"H-VISA|CA-MRSA|ENDOCARDITIS |ARGENTINA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114551,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"A new species of the South American genus Arthurella Albuquerque (Diptera: Muscidae), with a key to species and new records","resumen":"AbstractThe monotypic genus Arthurella Albuquerque, 1954 was originally described for A. nudiseta with a distribution restricted to Chile and Argentina. We add one new species, Arthurella choelensis sp. nov., from the central part of Argentina, and new distribution records for A. nudiseta. Biological and distributional information is given for both species. An identification key to the species of the genus is provided.","palabras_clave":"Arthurella|new species|Argentina|Muscidae"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114552,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"PRIMER\t   EQUINO\t   NACIDO\t   EN\t   LATINOAMÉRICA\t   POR\t   LA\t    TECNICA\t   DE\t   TRANSFERENCIA\t   DE\t   OVOCITOS","resumen":"Es sabido que la fertilidad de la hembra equina disminuye con la edad (Baker et al., 1993). Los factores mas importantes que intervienen en el proceso son el envejecimiento de los ovocitos y la alteración irreversible del endometrio. Esta condición produce embriones defectuosos o poco viables, muerte embrionaria precoz por la presencia de contenidos uterinos inflamatorios o muerte embrionaria tardía por cambios endometriales de tipo degenerativo (Snider et al., 2011). Cuando este problema se presenta en yeguas donantes que participan en programas de transferencia embrionaria, la tasa de recuperación embrionaria baja y por ende también disminuye la tasa de preñez post-transferencia. En estos casos es posible utilizar la técnica de obtención de ovocitos por aspiración folicular transvaginal (OPU) y posterior transferencia al oviducto de una receptora previamente sincronizada e inseminada (Carnevale et al., 2005). Estas técnicas se justifican en animales de alto valor económico y genético, y que muchas veces continúan en actividad deportiva. Esto requiere el uso de métodos de recolección de ovocitos in vivo, que no comprometan la habilidad deportiva o reproductiva de las donantes (Galli et al., 2007). La donante de ovocitos en este caso fue una yegua de polo de primer nivel que había sido incorporada en programas de transferencia de embriones, con progenie de reconocida trayectoria. Luego de tres temporadas de fracaso en la obtención de embriones se logró el nacimiento de una cría mediante la técnica de transferencia de ovocitos. Esta es la primera cría equina obtenida por transferencia de ovocitos de una yegua de polo de genética superior en latinoamérica. La técnica de aspiración folicular transvaginal, OPU, permite obtener ovocitos madurados in vivo, o para ser madurados in vitro, que pueden ser parte de un programa de transferencia de ovocitos o de producción in vitro de embriones mediante la técnica de ICSI (Inyección Intracitoplasmática de Espermatozoides). Ambas biotecnologías son realizadas en nuestro laboratorio (Cátedra de Teriogenología, Instituto de investigación y tecnología en reproducción animal (INITRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires) con el fin de obtener crías de individuos genéticamente superiores con baja eficiencia reproductiva.","palabras_clave":"OVOCITO|EQUINO|TRANSFERENCIA INTRAOVIDUCTAL|REPRODUCCIÓN ASISTIDA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114553,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Beta-cyclodextrin modifications as related to enzyme stability in dehydrated systems: supramolecular transitions and molecular interactions","resumen":"The effect of b-cyclodextrin modifications (polymerization (PCD) and later carboxymethylation (CMPCD)) on their action as enzyme stabilizers was analyzed during freeze-drying and thermal treatment. Combined polymer-trehalose matrices were also employed. Due to their higher Tg values, PCD and CMPCD provided better structural stability to the freeze-dried formulations than b-CD. However, only PCD was a good excipient to protect invertase both in amorphous and supercooled systems. FT-IR revealed increased protein denaturation in the presence of CMPCD, but not in the presence of PCD. Even though all polymers inhibited\/delayed trehalose crystallization, only trehalose (T) combined with PCD (PCD+T) and with beta-cyclodextrin (b-CD+T) offered the best stability to the enzyme. In b-CD+T system, trehalose was the main responsible of the protection. In PCD+T system, both additives contributed to improve the enzyme stability. FTIR and DSC were useful to analyze the combined role of molecular and supramolecular interactions on enzyme stability in dehydrated models systems","palabras_clave":"ENZYME STABILITY|ADDITIVES|MODIFIED CYCLODEXTRINS|POLYCYCLODEXTRIN|FREEZE-DRIED ENZYME FORMULATIONS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114554,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The East-West method: an exposure-independent method to search for large scale anisotropies of cosmic rays","resumen":"The measurement of large scale anisotropies in cosmic ray arrival directions  at energies above 10^13 eV is performed through the detection of Extensive Air  Showers produced by cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere. The observed  anisotropies are small, so accurate measurements require small statistical  uncertainties, i.e. large datasets. These can be obtained by employing ground  detector arrays with large extensions (from 10^4 to 10^9 m^2) and long  operation time (up to 20 years). The control of such arrays is challenging and  spurious variations in the counting rate due to instrumental effects (e.g. data  taking interruptions or changes in the acceptance) and atmospheric effects  (e.g. air temperature and pressure effects on EAS development) are usually  present. These modulations must be corrected very precisely before performing  standard anisotropy analyses, i.e. harmonic analysis of the counting rate  versus local sidereal time. In this paper we discuss an alternative method to  measure large scale anisotropies, the 'East-West method', originally proposed  by Nagashima in 1989. It is a differential method, as it is based on the  analysis of the difference of the counting rates in the East and West  directions. Besides explaining the principle, we present here its mathematical  derivation, showing that the method is largely independent of experimental  effects, that is, it does not require corrections for acceptance and\/or for  atmospheric effects. We explain the use of the method to derive the amplitude  and phase of the anisotropy and we demonstrate its power under different  conditions of detector operation.","palabras_clave":"COSMIC RAYS|ANISOTROPIES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114555,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Sensing the dissociation of a polymeric enzyme by means of an engineered intrinsic probe","resumen":"One of the most remarkable characteristics of Brucella lumazine synthase   (BLS) is its versatility to undergo reversible dissociation and   reassociation as a polymeric scaffold. We have proposed a mechanism of   dissociation and unfolding of BLS. Using static light scattering (SLS)   analysis, we were able to demonstrate that the decameric assembly   dissociates into two different conditions [pH 5 or 2M guanidinium   chloride (GdnHCl) pH 7] forming stable folded pentamers. The transition   from folded pentamers to unfolded monomers by GdnHCl denaturation is   highly cooperative and can be measured by different spectroscopic   techniques. In this work, we show the successful insertion of an   intrinsic probe to study in more detail the equilibria described in   previous publications. For that purpose, we performed single-point   mutations of Phe residues 121 and 127, located at the pentamer-pentamer   and monomer-monomer interface, respectively, to Trp residues. These   mutations produced only a marginal perturbation of the BLS structure. We   analyzed the unfolding and stability of the mutants through different   techniques: far-and near-UV CD, SLS, dynamic light scattering, and   fluorescence spectroscopy. The introduced intrinsic probe could be used   to gain insights into the detailed folding and assembly mechanism of   this protein.","palabras_clave":"homooligomeric assembly|tryptophan probe|lumazine synthase|stability"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114556,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Trypanosoma cruzi antigen immunization induces a higher B cell survival in BALB\/c mice, a susceptible strain, compared to C57BL\/6 B lymphocytes, a resistant strain to cardiac autoimmunity","resumen":"Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic in Latin America and represents the most common infectious myocarditis worldwide. Autoimmunity is one of the mechanisms contributing to its pathogenesis. Although the cellular interactions that promote this autoimmune response are still poorly understood, several studies have demonstrated a key role for B lymphocytes since they secrete antibodies, cytokines and present antigens. Recently, we reported that immunization with cruzipain, an immunodominant T. cruzi antigen, induces a higher activation state in B cells from BALB\/c mice (susceptible to cardiac autoimmunity) than B lymphocytes from C57BL\/6 (a resistant strain). Here, we focused on the study of B cell survival in both mouse strains after cruzipain immunization and demonstrated an increased survival rate of B cells from BALB\/c compared to C57BL\/6 mice. This phenomenon was associated with a decreased expression of Fas\/FasL and an increased expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2\/Bcl-xL proteins. With the purpose to gain more knowledge about the mechanisms involved, we found that IL-4 produced by BALB\/c B cells played a key role in the survival in an autocrine way whereas the addition of this bioactive cytokine rescued C57BL\/6 B lymphocytes from apoptosis. Our findings suggest that in the absence of infection, both enhanced B cell activation induced by the immunization with a single parasite antigen and insufficient negative regulation can potentially contribute to autoimmunity seen in cruzipain immune BALB\/c mice.","palabras_clave":"AUTOIMMUNITY|B CELLS|IL-4|SURVIVAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114557,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The role of Toll-like receptors and adaptive immunity in the development of protective or pathological immune response triggered by the Trypanosoma cruzi protozoan.","resumen":"rypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease, is an intracellular protozoan parasite that predominantly invades macrophages and cardiomyocytes, leading to persistent infection. Several members of the Toll-like receptor family are crucial for innate immunity to infection and are involved in maintaining tissue homeostasis. This review focuses on recent experimental findings of the innate and adaptive immune response in controlling the parasite and\/or in generating heart and liver tissue injury. We also describe the importance of the host´s genetic background in the outcome of the disease and emphasize the importance of studying the response to specific parasite antigens. Understanding the dual participation of the immune response may contribute to the design of new therapies for Chagas disease.","palabras_clave":"TOLL LIKE RECEPTORS|ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY|TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI|PATHOGENESIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114558,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Movement distances of two species of sympatric rodents in linear habitats of Central Argentine agro-ecosystems","resumen":"Movement patterns of Akodon azarae and Calomys venustus in linear habitats were studied in relation to  sex, season and abundance. Movement distances were measured by seasonal capture-mark-recapture  samples from November 2005 to August 2007 in field borders in agro-ecosystems of Central Argentina.  Movement distances in A. azarae varied by season and sex. During the breeding period, movement  distances of males were longer than those of females, meanwhile in non-breeding period movement  distances became similar between sexes. The main effect of sex on movement distances is consistent  with the promiscuous \/ polygynous mating system suggested for A. azarae. Abundance and sex were the  most important factor affecting movement distances in C. venustus, males moved larger distances than  females and the higher the abundance, the shorter the movement distances of individuals. The results of  this study may have implications in the management of non-crop linear habitats in agriculture  landscapes since the maintenance of field borders would be important to support rodent populations  that are important food sources for birds and mammals.","palabras_clave":"AKODON AZARAE|CALOMYS VENUSTUS|FIELD BORDERS|GENERALIZED LINEAR MIXED MODELS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114559,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Obtención, caracterización microbiológica y físico-química de ensilado biológico de carpa (Cyprinus carpio)","resumen":"El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar los cambios en lacalidad nutricional y composición química que ocurren durante elensilado de desechos de carpa (Cyprinus carpio), y determinar cual delas dos proporciones de miel: yogur es la apropiada para su utilizacióncomo fuente proteica en la alimentación animal. La experiencia sediseñó para evaluar dos factores: miel con porcentajes del 10 y 15%; einóculo (yogur) con 10%. Lo cual originó dos tratamientos (EBI y EBII)con dos repeticiones cada uno.Los parámetros evaluados fueron pH; microbiológico; NBVT; TBAR;Histamina; y composición proximal.Ambas formulaciones alcanzaron un pH estable de 5,0 a los 5 días,llegando a 4,5 a los 30 días. Los valores microbiológicos obtenidos enambos ensilados ponen de manifiesto que los microorganismospatógenos son inhibidos, principalmente por la condición de acidez delmedio, generada por las bacterias acido lácticas (Lactobacilus bulgarisy Streptococcus termophilus);Los valores de Histamina hallados en materia prima y ensilados fueronmenores a 50 ppm; en el caso de las Bases Volátiles Nitrogenadas, enmateria prima es menor de 30 mg NBVT\/mg y los ensilados alcanzaron137,24 y 181,86 mg NBVT\/100mg para EBI y EBII, respectivamente;para la Oxidación Lipídica se encontró 1,03 mg MDA\/kg en materiaprima y 3,35 ? 2,91 mg MDA\/kg para los ensilados (EBI y EBII) a los30 días. La composición química de los ensilados a los 5 y 30 días (enbase seca): la Proteína varía de 54,49 ? 57,39 % para EBI y de 55,84 - 51,50,13% para EBII; el Extracto Etéreo entre 4,59 ? 6,93% para EBIy 5,05 ? 4,48% para EBII.Debido al comportamiento similar de ambos ensilados, es que seconsidera suficiente utilizar como aporte de hidratos de carbono un10% de miel para un inoculo del 10% de yogur comercial, como unaalternativa a la harina de pescado, principal fuente proteica, en losalimentos para acuicultura.","palabras_clave":"ENSILADOS BIOLÓGICOS|BACTERIAS LÁCTICAS|DESECHOS DE CARPA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114560,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"¿Es posible la detección de huellas de enmangue?: Evidencias macro y microscópicas en instrumentos líticos experimentales.","resumen":"Existen numerosos trabajos etnográficos y funcionales que asocian los raspadores al trabajo de pieles,  pero muy pocos han centrado su interés en describir su manipulación por medio del uso de enmangues.  En este trabajo se exponen los resultados alcanzados durante la experimentación con raspadores líticos  enmangados, con el fin de determinar las huellas características de un tipo particular de enmangue a  partir de la observación de macro y microrrastros. Los resultados experimentales proporcionan información  relacionada al uso de instrumentos líticos prehistóricos y permitirán, en una etapa posterior, realizar  análisis comparativos con la muestra tomada de la localidad arqueológica Piedra Museo ubicada en la  meseta central de Santa Cruz, Argentina.","palabras_clave":"ARQUEOLOGÍA EXPERIMENTAL|RASPADORES|ENMANGUE|ANALISIS FUNCIONAL"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114561,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Prevalencia de la infección por el VIH y de Treponema pallidum en mujeres trabajadoras sexuales de Argentina","resumen":"Prevalencia de la infección por el VIHy de Treponema pallidumen mujerestrabajadoras sexuales de ArgentinaMaría de los Ángeles Pando,1 Elena Reynaga,2 Romina Soledad Coloccini,1Marcelo Rodríguez Fermepín,3 Tadeusz Kochel,4 Silvia Maria Montano,4Rubén Marone5 y María Mercedes Avila1Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana(VIH) y de Treponema pallidum en mujeres trabajadoras sexuales (MTS) de Argentina, ydescribir las características sociodemográficas de este grupo de población asociadas a la transmisióndel VIH.Métodos. Entre octubre de 2006 y diciembre de 2009 se realizó un estudio de corte transversaly un muestreo por conveniencia en MTS mayores de 18 años de nueve ciudades de Argentina.Un total de 1 255 mujeres participaron en este estudio. Se capacitó especialmente aun grupo de MTS para convocar a las otras mujeres a participar en talleres y a realizarse eldiagnóstico del VIH y T. pallidum.Resultados. Las características socio-epidemiológicas más destacadas de las MTS incluyeronun alto porcentaje de abuso sexual, escaso uso de preservativos con parejas sexuales no comercialesy un alto porcentaje de situaciones de violencia. La prevalencia del VIH fue de 2%(25\/1 255, intervalo de confianza de 95% [IC95%]:1,2\u20132,8) y la de T. pallidum, de 22,4% (245\/1 094, IC95%: 19,9\u201324,9). En las MTS de la ciudad de La Plata, la prevalencia del VIH fuesignificativamente más baja comparada con las participantes del resto del país (0,3% vs 2,7%,P < 0,05, respectivamente).Conclusiones. La menor prevalencia del VIH y la mayor tasa de uso de preservativos informadaspor las mujeres encuestadas de La Plata sugieren que la presencia de un lugar deatención sanitaria para MTS influye directamente en la disminución de sus conductas deriesgo y, por ende, en la infección por el VIH. La creación de centros de salud \u201Camigables\u201D,como el que ya hay en dicha ciudad, contribuye a dar una respuesta integral al problema queenfrentan estas mujeres; asimismo, favorece su acercamiento al sistema de salud y contribuyeasí a revertir su situación de mayor vulnerabilidad y mayor riesgo frente al VIH y otras infeccionesde transmisión sexual.Enfermedades de transmisión sexual; Treponema pallidum; VIH; salud de la mujer;Argentina.","palabras_clave":"Enfermedades de transmisión sexual|Treponema pallidum|VIH|salud de la mujer|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114562,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Larrea divaricata Cav. enhances the innate immune response during the systemic infection by Candida  albicans.","resumen":"Larrea divaricata Cav. is a plant used in Argentinean folk medicine. The aim of this work was to evaluate  the effect of a purified fraction (F1) obtained from an extract of the plant on murine macrophages (MØ)  against a systemic infection by Candida albicans. Mice were divided in four groups: 1) healthy without  treatment; 2) healthy with F1 treatment; 3) infected, without treatment; and 4) infected with F1 treatment.  Peritoneal MØ were harvested and the following tests were performed: Apoptosis, phagocytosis,  hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, nitric oxide (NO) production, determination of seric TNF- a and IL-  10 and toxicity of F1. Results showed that F1 increased phagocytosis, H2O2 production, superoxide  anion and NO levels in presence of C. albicans. These effects are probably due to a modulate  mechanism of diverse receptors, such as TLR-2, Dectin-1, mannose receptor and CRs. Apoptosis and  TNF-a levels were also increased by F1. The use of this fraction did not induce toxicity on mice. In  conclusion, F1 induces a state of pre- activation of MØs, which is enhanced by the presence of C.  albicans. The lack of toxicity in addition with the immunomodulatory action becomes F1 a potential safe  treatment of disseminated candidiasis.","palabras_clave":"LARREA DIVARICATA|FRACTION|MACROPHAGES|DISSEMINATED CANDIDIASIS|IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114563,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"In vivo effect of three fractions of Larrea divaricata Cav. (jarilla) on the innate immune system: macrophage response against Candida albicans","resumen":"Larrea divaricata Cav. (jarilla) is a plant with well-documented applications in folk medicine in Argentina. In this study, we aimed to evaluate functional parameters of peritoneal macrophages isolated from mice injected with three fractions (F1, F2 and F3) of L. divaricata. The response of macrophages against Candida albicans was evaluated. Cell viability was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-  diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, apoptosis was evaluated using Giemsa, acridine orange &#8260; ethidium bromide and ladder assay, oxidative burst was assayed using nitroblue tetrazolium test and nitrite production using Griess assay. Stimulation and 3 killing with C. albicans were realised. The number and cell viability were similar to controls. However, we found that F1 induces pre-activation of macrophages, and this  pre-activation is enhanced by C. albicans. The effects exerted by F1 make it more important than F2 and F3 for the treatment of disseminated candidiasis in patients with immunodeficiency diseases such as AIDS and chronic granulomatous disease, among others.","palabras_clave":"LARREA DIVARICATA CAV|FRACTIONS|INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE|IN VIVO EFFECTS|CANDIDA ALBICANS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114564,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Heterogeneidad vertical del canopeo y utilización de pasturas diferidas de mijo perenne por ovinos.","resumen":"Los objetivos fueron evaluar, en una pastura diferida de mijo perenne (Panicum coloratum L.) cv Verde con diferentes fechas de inicio del período de acumulación de forraje, la heterogeneidad vertical en composición morfológica y química, digestibilidad in vitro de la materia orgánica y consumo diario de materia orgánica de ovinos en pastoreo. Los tratamientos se generaron mediante diferentes períodos de acumulación de forraje, durante dos estaciones de crecimiento. En la primera estación, éstos se establecieron permitiendo la acumulación de forraje hasta la dormancia invernal, luego de cosechas mecánicas realizadas a mediados de Octubre, de Enero y de Febrero. En la segunda, los tratamientos se generaron luego de cosechas realizadas a mediados de Diciembre, principios de Enero y de Febrero. En cada estación los tratamientos se asignaron al azar en parcelas de 0,5 ha con dos repeticiones. El pastoreo se efectuó en franjas diarias con cinco ovinos, durante un período de medición de ocho días y una asignación de forraje de 40 g de MS por kg.PV-1.día-1. Para caracterizar la heterogeneidad vertical en composición morfológica y química y digestibilidad in vitro de la materia orgánica (DIVMO), al inicio y fin de cada período de medición se cosechó el forraje en estratos verticales de 10 cm, en cinco áreas seleccionadas al azar en cada parcela. El consumo de materia orgánica (CMO) se determinó por recolección total de heces y DIVMO de la dieta. Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA y regresión lineal. Las concentraciones de lámina,proteína bruta, fracción fibrosa y DIVMO presentaron una importante variación tanto entre tratamientos como en el plano vertical. Aumentos en la duración del período de acumulación produjeron disminuciones (p<0,001) en el CMO de 6,8 y 13,3 g.kg.PV-0,75 en la primera y segunda estación de crecimiento, respectivamente. El manejo del período de acumulación de forraje permitiría modificar la relación funcional entre consumo y asignación de forraje y, la fermentación ruminal.","palabras_clave":"PANICUM COLORATUM L. |CONSUMO|FORRAJE DIFERIDO|ESTRUCTURA DEL CANOPEO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114565,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Analysis of HIV-1 BF Recombinant sequences from South America dates the origin of CRF12_BF in a recombination event in the decade of 1970s","resumen":"HIV-1 epidemics in South America are believed to have originated in part from the subtype B epidemic initiated in the Caribbean\/North America region. However, circulation of BF recombinants in similar proportions was extensively reported. Information currently shows that many BF recombinants share a recombination structure similar to that found in the CRF12_BF. In the present study, analyzing a set of 405 HIV sequences, we identified the most likely origin of the BF epidemic in an early event of recombination. We found that the subtype B epidemics in South America analyzed in the present study were initiated by a founder event that occurred in the early 1970s, a few years after the introduction of these strains in the Americas. Regarding the F\/BF recombinant epidemics, by analyzing a subtype F genomic segment within the viral gene gag present in the majority of the BF recombinants, we found evidence of a geographic divergence very soon after the introduction of subtype F strains in South America. Moreover, through analysis of a subtype B segment present in all the CRF12_BF-like recombination structure, we estimated the circulation of the subtype B strain that gave rise to that recombinant structure around the same time period estimated for the introduction of subtype F strains. The HIV epidemics in South America were initiated in part through a founder event driven by subtype B strains coming from the previously established epidemic in the north of the continent. A second introduction driven by subtype F strains is likely to have encountered the incipient subtype B epidemic that soon after their arrival recombined with them, originating the BF epidemic in the region. These results may explain why in South America the majority of F sequences are found as BF recombinants.","palabras_clave":"HIV|SUBTYPE|SOUTH AMERICA"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114566,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Entre la compensación y la inclusión. Tensiones en las políticas laborales y de empleo en la Argentina post-convertibilidad","resumen":"Las crisis recurrentes del capitalismo y la persistencia de situaciones de pobreza nos invitan a pensar la centralidad del trabajo y atender a las nuevas configuraciones que adopta. Partimos del supuesto de que las políticas públicas son un espacio privilegiado para analizar los modos en que el estado opera sobre la desigualdad. De este modo, nuestro escrito indaga las políticas públicas de empleo en la Argentina post-convertibilidad a los fines de advertir el tipo de dinámicas que instalan y\/o reproducen en relación al mundo del trabajo. La relevancia de pensar la dinámica reproductiva de las políticas públicas y las formas que adopta la estatalidad en el mundo laboral, radica en una apertura de los horizontes de interpretación a nuevas formas de inclusión.","palabras_clave":"Políticas Públicas|Estado|Trabajo|Desempleo"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114567,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Artrópodos fitófagos y entomófagos asociados a la vegetación responden diferencialmente a la fragmentación del Chaco Serrano","resumen":"Currently, the rate of biodiversity loss is very high, with habitat fragmentation being one of the main causes. Arthropod richness and abundance frequently decrease in small forest fragments, and predators are more susceptible than herbivores. Also,   fragment edges usually have greater diversity than interiors because they represent transition areas with adjacent crops. In   this paper, we explored such trends in arthropod communities associated with three native plants (Cestrum parqui, Croton   lachnostachyus and Eupatorium hookerianum) of Chaco Serrano in Córdoba, whose coverage dropped 94% in the last 30   years. We collected manually all arthropods present on 5 plants in the edge and 5 in the interior (for each species) of 12 forest   remnants. We estimated abundance and richness of arthropod families, which were classified as phytophages and predators \/   parasitoids. Linear regressions were used to analyze the area effect and paired 't' test for edge effect. Eighty one families of   arthropods (N=4644) were identified. The abundance of phytophagous families was independent of area and position, but their   richness was positively related to area and was higher on the edge. For predators, both abundance and richness were lower in   small fragments, and presented no differences between positions. These results confirm, for the system of study, the negative   effects of area loss on species richness, affecting both functional groups. The reduction of predators in smaller remnants could   free the phytophages from top-down control, offsetting any direct negative effects of fragmentation. Similarly, the greater diversity of phytophages on the edge may be associated with a contribution from the matrix of adjacent crops","palabras_clave":"artrópodos|fitófagos|predadores|fragmentación del hábitat"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114568,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"ARTE RUPESTRE ENTRE LAS SIERRAS Y LOS LLANOS RIOJANOS: LOCALIDAD ARQUEOLÓGICA PALANCHO","resumen":"Este artículo presenta la localidad arqueológica con arte rupestre Palancho (Depto. Chilecito,La Rioja). Dadas las dimensiones de la localidad investigada y la abundancia de representaciones rupestres, este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una primera caracterización general de la localidad y proponer una secuencia cronológica preliminar para el arte rupestre. Para ello se toman en cuenta cuatro variables (técnica, tipos de motivos, superposiciones y grados de pátina) para agrupar las  representaciones rupestres y proponer cinco momentos de ejecución. Por otra parte, ante la ausencia de otra evidencia arqueológica para el análisis se recurrió a indicadores estilísticos regionales.","palabras_clave":"Arte rupestre|grabados|Aguada|Sanagasta"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114569,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Minimum sum set coloring of trees and line graphs of trees","resumen":"In this paper, we study the minimum sum set coloring (MSSC) problem which consists inassigning a set of x(v) positive integers to each vertex v of a graph so that the intersectionof sets assigned to adjacent vertices is empty and the sum of the assigned set of numbersto each vertex of the graph is minimum. The MSSC problem occurs in two versions: nonpreemptiveand preemptive. We show that the MSSC problem is strongly NP-hard both inthe preemptive case on trees and in the non-preemptive case in line graphs of trees. Finally,we give exact parameterized algorithms for these two versions on trees and line graphs oftrees.","palabras_clave":"Graph coloring|Minimum sum coloring|Set-coloring|Trees|Line graphs of trees"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114570,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Adsorption of R-OH molecules on TiO2 surfaces at the solid-liquid interface","resumen":"The exploration of TiO2 surface reactivity from first-principles calculations has been almost always limited to the gas phase, even though most of the chemically relevant applications of this interface involve the solid&#8722;liquid boundary. The reason for this limitation is the complexity of the solid&#8722;liquid interface, which poses a serious challenge to standard ab initio methodologies as density functional theory (DFT). In this work we study the interaction of H2O, CH3OH, H2O2, and HCO2H with anatase (101) and rutile (110) surfaces in aqueous solution, employing a continuum solvation model in a DFT framework in periodic boundary conditions [ J. Chem. Phys. 2009, 131, 174108]. Different adsorption configurations were analyzed, examining the effect of the first water monolayer explicitly included in the simulation. For water and methanol, molecular adsorption was found to be the most stable in the presence of the solvent, while for hydrogen peroxide the preferred configuration depended on the surface. The explicit inclusion of the first water monolayer turns out to be important since it may play a role in the stabilization of the adsorbates at the interface. In general, the slightly positive adsorption energy values obtained (with respect to water) suggest that CH3OH and H2O2 will poorly adsorb from an aqueous solution at the titania surface. Among the three species investigated other than water, the formic acid was the only one to exhibit a higher affinity for the surface than H2O.","palabras_clave":"Ab initio methodology|Adsorption energies|Aqueous solutions|Continuum solvation models"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114571,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Melting and crystallization of ice in partially filled nanopores","resumen":"We investigate the melting and formation of ice inpartially filled hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanopores of 3 nmdiameter using molecular dynamics simulations with the mW watermodel. Above the melting temperature, the partially filled nanoporescontain two water phases in coexistence: a condensed liquid plug anda surface-adsorbed phase. It has been long debated in the literaturewhether the surface-adsorbed phase is involved in the crystallization.We find that only the liquid plug crystallizes on cooling, producingice I with stacks of hexagonal and cubic layers. The confined ice iswetted by a premelted liquid layer that persists in equilibrium withice down to temperatures well below its melting point. TheliquidÀice transition is first-order-like but rounded. We determinethe temperature and enthalpy of melting as a function of the fillingfraction of the pore. In agreement with experiments, we find that the melting temperature of the nanoconfined ice is stronglydepressed with respect to the bulk Tm, it depends weakly on the filling fraction and is insensitive to the hydrophobicity of the porewall. The state of water in the crystallized hydrophilic and hydrophobic pores, however, is not the same: the hydrophobic pore has anegligible density of the surface-adsorbed phase and higher fraction of water in the ice phase than the hydrophilic pore. The widths ofthe ice cores are nevertheless comparable for the hydrophobic and hydrophilic pores, and this may explain their almost identicalmelting temperatures. The enthalpy of melting &#916;Hm, when normalized by the actual amount of ice in the pore, is indistinguishablefor the hydrophobic and hydrophilic pores, insensitive to the filling fraction, and within the error bars, the same as the difference inenthalpy between bulk liquid and bulk ice evaluated at the temperature of melting of ice in the nanopores.","palabras_clave":"ICE|CONFINED|NANOPORE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114572,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Expensive brains: 'brainy' rodents have higher metabolic rate","resumen":"Brains are the centers of the nervous system of animals, controlling the organ systems of the body and coordinating responses to changes in the ecological and social environment. The evolution of traits that correlate with cognitive ability, such as relative brain size is thus of broad interest. Brain mass relative to body mass (BM) varies among mammals, and diverse factors have been proposed to explain this variation. A recent study provided evidence that energetics play an important role in brain evolution (Isler and van Schaik, 2006). Using composite phylogenies and data drawn from multiple sources, these authors showed that basal metabolic rate (BMR) correlates with brain mass across mammals. However, no such relationship was found within rodents. Here we re-examined the relationship between BMR and brain mass within Rodentia using a novel species-level phylogeny. Our results are sensitive to parameter evaluation; in particular how species mass is estimated.We detect no pattern when applying an approach used by previous studies, where each species BM is represented by two different numbers, one being the individual that happened to be used for BMR estimates of that species. However, this approach may compromise the analysis.When using a single value of BM for each species, whether representing a single individual, or available species mean, our findings provide evidence that brain mass (independent of BM) and BMR are correlated. These findings are thus consistent with the hypothesis that large brains evolve when the payoff for increased brain mass is greater than the energetic cost they incur.","palabras_clave":"Rodentia|Bayesian inference|Correlated evolution"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114573,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vicenin-2,  a potential anti-inflammatory constituent of Urtica circularis","resumen":"ABSTRACT: Vicenin-2 (1), a flavonoid glycoside, was isolatedand identified from an ethanol extract of the aerial parts ofUrtica circularis. This crude extract was found to possesssignificant anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-inducedrat hind paw edema model (41.5% inhibition at a dose of300 mg\/kg; ip). The effects of 1 on several inflammatorymediators were investigated. In cultured murine macrophages,this compound modified LPS-induced total nitrite and TNF-Rproduction, in addition to the LPS-induced translocation of thenuclear factor NF-kB.","palabras_clave":"VICENIN 2|ANTI_INFLAMMATORY|URTICA CIRCULARIS"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114574,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Crystal structure and vibrational spectra of (Ru(NH3)4(OH)(NO))ZnCl4","resumen":"The crystal structure of [Ru(NH3)4(OH)(NO)]·ZnCl4 was determined by X-ray diffraction methods. Such study confirmed the already reported data for the complex cation and allowed a description of the main features of the lattice structure. An infrared and Raman study of that compound was also performed in order to revise the existing assignment of the vibrational bands. This last study, backed by quantum chemical calculations, lead to a reinterpretation of the spectra. Data were also collected on the structural and vibrational characteristics of the ZnCl42- anion.","palabras_clave":"Rutenium nitrosyl complex|ZnCl4 anion|Crystal Structure|Infrared|Raman|Theoretical calculations"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114575,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Synthesis and structural study of benzamarones by X-ray and NMR spectroscopy","resumen":"In this work only one diastereomer of benzamarone (1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylpentan-1,5-dione) 1 was isolatedfrom tandem condensation\/addition reaction between deoxybenzoin and benzaldehyde in alkalinemedium and by Michael addition of deoxybenzoin to (E)-2-phenylchalcone. Compound 1 was investigatedby single crystal X-ray diffraction: C35H28O2, Mr = 480.57, triclinic system, space group P1 with unitcell parameters a = 11.489(2), b = 11.669(2), c = 11.855(2) Å, a = 104.31(4), b = 116.91(3), c = 98.96(3),V = 1305.6(4) Å3, Z = 2, T = 25(2) C, qcalc = 1.222 gr\/cm3, l = 0.074 mm1. This study allowed us to assignthe configuration 2R,4R\/2S,4S corresponding to the diastereomer racemate C (Fig. 1) due to the fact thatthe crystal structure exhibits two independent molecules in the unit cell. Data obtained using NMR spectroscopy[1D and 2D NMR] are agreement with those obtained by X-ray diffraction. By comparison ofNMR data, the configuration corresponding to the diastereomer racemate C was assigned to other substitutedbenzamarones synthesized by us, which present two and three stereocenters in their structure.","palabras_clave":"Synthesis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114576,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"EXPERIMENTOS Y PERCEPCIONES DEL PASADO: ENTREVISTA CON  EL DR. BRUCE BRADLEY","resumen":"ENTREVISTA","palabras_clave":"ARQUEOLOGIA|TALLA EXPERIMENTAL|LÍTICO|PASADO"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114577,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Playing with transmembrane signals","resumen":"Membrane proteins are abundant in nature and play a key role in many essential life processes. They typically span the membrane with one or more hydrophobic segments. Temporal changes in properties of such transmembrane (TM) segments often are a prerequisite for functional activity of membrane proteins. However, very little is known about the molecular nature of this important step in signaling. In a recent published work, we report the finding that both the sensing and transmission of DesK, a bacterial cold sensor, which has five TM segments, can be captured into a chimerical single membrane-spanning minimal sensor. Thus, the DesK system allows minimization of a complex phenomenon to a perfect functional system. This \u201Cminimalist\u201D approach helped to uncover the modus operandis of a receptor for environmental cold, but also explores the use of a novel approach to study how the TM domains of a sensor protein transmit signals across membranes. ","palabras_clave":"TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN|SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION|BIOSENSOR|Bacillus subtilis"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114578,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, BIOMASS AND SIZE STRUCTURE OF CTENODISCUS AUSTRALIS (ECHINODERMATA: ASTEROIDEA) IN SHELF-BREAK AREAS, ARGENTINE","resumen":"Ctenodiscus australis is a common sea star in the Argentine Continental Shelf. Nevertheless, information about its population parameters lacks. We investigated the spatial distribution, biomass and size structure of this sea star through a spatial and temporal scale in Patagonian scallop (Zygochlamys patagonica) fishing grounds associated with the shelf-break front in the Argentine Sea. The sea star C. australis was very frequent in the Patagonian scallop management units (MUs) analyzed and reached 100% presence in most of them. The species biomass showed latitudinal differences with the highest values in northern MUs during the period 2002-2005, probably related to the organic content in sediments. The comparative study in two areas subjected to different fishing effort in the same MU showed the highest biomass of this sea star in the area with low fishing effort. The size frequency distribution of C. australis suggests a low or sporadic recruitment and slow growth. Differences in the median size were found among MUs but these cannot be attributed to fishing effort.           ","palabras_clave":"SEA STARS|LATITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION|SCALLOP FISHING GROUNDS|SHELF-BREAK AREAS|CTENODISCUS AUSTRALIS|ARGENTINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114579,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"VARIABILITY IN EPIBIONT COLONIZATION OF SHELLS OF FUSITRITON MAGELLANICUS (GASTROPODA) ON THE ARGENTINEAN SHELF","resumen":"An inventory of the main epibiont organisms on living specimens, on empty shells and on pagurized shells of Fusitriton magellanicus collected in Zygochlamys patagonica fishing grounds off Argentina is provided here. Additionally, considering that the presence of the thick, hairy periostracum could be an inhibitor of boring and encrusting species, we analyse the presence of a periostracum in living F. magellanicus in relation to the presence of epibionts. More than 70% of all shells bore encrusting organisms (of at least 30 taxa) but only a small proportion of shells was heavily fouled, the majority of living, empty and pagurized shells being lightly or moderately fouled. Polychaetes were the most common epibiont group (present on more than 60% of shells) while sponges and ascidians were responsible for the majority of the heavily fouled living gastropods. In general, specimens had a moderate level of encrustation and, simultaneously, a low or medium coating of periostracum.  Hairy gastropods (only 14% of the sampled specimens) had few or no epibionts. A relationship between the size of the shell and the level of encrustation was only found in living gastropods. Fusitriton magellanicus is the second species in importance (after the Patagonian scallop) for the provision of a hard settlement substrate in the shelf-break frontal area of the Argentine Sea. Fusitriton magellanicus collected in Zygochlamys patagonica fishing grounds off Argentina is provided here. Additionally, considering that the presence of the thick, hairy periostracum could be an inhibitor of boring and encrusting species, we analyse the presence of a periostracum in living F. magellanicus in relation to the presence of epibionts. More than 70% of all shells bore encrusting organisms (of at least 30 taxa) but only a small proportion of shells was heavily fouled, the majority of living, empty and pagurized shells being lightly or moderately fouled. Polychaetes were the most common epibiont group (present on more than 60% of shells) while sponges and ascidians were responsible for the majority of the heavily fouled living gastropods. In general, specimens had a moderate level of encrustation and, simultaneously, a low or medium coating of periostracum.  Hairy gastropods (only 14% of the sampled specimens) had few or no epibionts. A relationship between the size of the shell and the level of encrustation was only found in living gastropods. Fusitriton magellanicus is the second species in importance (after the Patagonian scallop) for the provision of a hard settlement substrate in the shelf-break frontal area of the Argentine Sea.  ","palabras_clave":"FUSITRITON MAGELLANICUS|EPIBIONTS|INTERSPECIFIC ASSOCIATIONS|PERIOSTRACUM|SOFT BOTTOMS|SHELF-BREAK FRONTAL AREA|ARGENTINE SEA|SOUTH-WEST ATLANTIC"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114580,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Epibiotic sponges on the hairy triton Fusitriton magellanicus in the SW Atlantic Ocean, with the description of Myxilla (Styloptilon) canepai sp. nov.","resumen":"In the present study we identified a total of 26 sponge taxa, to be added to the 4 sponge species previously registered, living epizoically on Fusitriton magellanicus shells, an abundant and frequent gastropod in the shelf-break frontal area of the Argentine Sea, SW Atlantic Ocean. The majority of the recorded sponges were encrusting living specimens of this gastropod, the most frequent ones being Hymedesmia (Stylopus) antarctica (20%), Clathria spp. (18%), Dictyonella spp. (13%) and Tedania spp. (9%) We described one species, Myxilla (Styloptilon) canepai sp. nov., and extended the distribution of Clathria (Microciona) antarctica and Stelodoryx cribrigera northwards. We also registered, for the second time after its description, the species Stelodoryx argentinae. Considering that the study area is a soft bottom and the only available substrates for settlement of sessile species are either external mineralized skeletons of living organisms, empty shells or crustacean carapaces, we conclude that shells of the gastropod F. magellanicus play a very important role for settlement of sponge species in the area. Moreover, possibly only living F. magellanicus (not the empty or pagurized shells) are important as a settlement substrate because the few specimens found in empty shells could be considered as rare occurrences.","palabras_clave":"PORIFERA|FUSITRITON MAGELLANICUS|MYXILLA|NEW SPECIES|EPIBIOSIS|ARGENTINE SEA|SW ATLANTIC OCEAN|SETTLEMENT SUBSTRATE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114581,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Asplenium uniseriale (Aspleniaceae) una nueva cita para la flora Argentina y novedades respecto a  su hábito","resumen":"Se cita por primera vez para Argentina Asplenium uniseriale Raddi coleccionada en el Parque Provincial Moconá, Misiones. De esta manera se extiende su área de distribución hacia el sur. Se registra  la novedad de su hábito epífito sobre el rizoma del helecho arborescente Alsophila setosa Kaulf. Se propone una clave para diferenciarla de especies misioneras del mismo género con una complejidad de la lámina similar.","palabras_clave":"Helechos|Moconá|Neotropical|Sudamérica"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114582,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide\/vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor relative expression in salivary glands as one endogenous modulator of acinar cell apoptosis in a murine model of Sjögren's syndrome","resumen":"Sjögren´s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive oral and ocular dryness that correlates poorly with the autoimmune damage of the glands. It has been proposed that a loss of homeostatic equilibrium in the glands is partly responsible for salivary dysfunction with acinar cells involved actively in the pathogenesis of SS. The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of Sjögren´s syndrome develops secretory dysfunction and early loss of glandular homeostatic mechanisms, with mild infiltration of the glands. Based on the vasodilator, prosecretory and trophic effects of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on acini as well as its anti-inflammatory properties we hypothesized that the local expression of VIP\/vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VPAC) system in salivary glands could have a role in acinar cell apoptosis and macrophage function thus influencing gland homeostasis. Here we show a progressive decline of VIP expression in submandibular glands of NOD mice with no changes in VPAC receptor expression compared with normal mice. The deep loss of endogenous VIP was associated with a loss of acinar cells through apoptotic mechanisms that could be induced further by tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-&#945; and reversed by VIP through a cyclic adenosine-5´-monophosphate (cAMP)\/protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated pathway. The clearance of apoptotic acinar cells by macrophages was impaired for NOD macrophages but a shift from inflammatory to regulatory phenotype was induced in macrophages during phagocytosis of apoptotic acinar cells. These results support that the decline in endogenous VIP\/VPAC local levels might influence the survival\/apoptosis intracellular set point in NOD acinar cells and their clearance, thus contributing to gland homeostasis loss.","palabras_clave":"ACINAR CELL APOPTOSIS AND CLEARANCE|SJOGREN SYNDROME|VIP"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114583,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Three new Praociini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Peninsula Valdés (Argentina), with zoogeographical and ecological remarks","resumen":"Three new taxa from Peninsula Valdés (Argentina) are described for the tribe Praociini (Pimeliinae): Calymmophorus peninsularis sp. nov. and two subspecies of Praocis (Hemipraocis) sellata Berg 1889: P. (H.) sellata peninsularis ssp. nov. and P. (H.) sellata granulipennis ssp. nov. The first two taxa are endemic to the peninsula and the third one is distributed in and outside the peninsula. Distribution maps, habitat records and habitus photographs for these three new taxa are included, with comparisons to other known species of the genera. An identification key to the five subspecies of Praocis (Hemipraocis) sellata is provided. A discussion is presented on endemicity and sympatry of two species of Calymmophorus Solier 1840, and non-sympatry of two subspecies of Praocis (Hemipraocis) sellata. The following synonymy is reported and illustrated: Praocis sellata bruchi Kulzer 1958 = Praocis sellata topali Kaszab 1964 syn. nov. ","palabras_clave":"PRAOCIINI|NEW TAXA|ENDEMICITY|SYMPATRY"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114584,"idioma_id":5,"titulo":"Estudio preliminar de Calyptratae (Diptera) en la Reserva Natural Estricta Otamendi, Buenos Aires, Argentina","resumen":"La Reserva Natural Estricta Otamendi (RNEO) conserva una importante extensión de pastizales y zonas boscosas con vegetación nativa. En el presente trabajo, se presenta la primera lista de especies de dípteros caliptrados de la Reserva. Se registraron 56 especies y 33 géneros pertenecientes a siete familias (Anthomyiidae, Calliphoridae, Fanniidae, Muscidae, Rhinophoridae, Sarcophagidae y Tachinidae). Se citan, por primera vez para la Argentina, Anthomyia aurifacies (Albuquerque) (Anthomyiidae), Myospila fluminensis Couri &amp; Lopes (Muscidae) y el género Thomazomyia (Sarcophagidae). Además, se registran por primera vez para la provincia de Buenos Aires 4 especies de Fanniidae, 4 de Muscidae y 3 de Sarcophagidae. La diversidad fue mayor en el ambiente de bosque (44 especies) y las familias con mayor riqueza fueron Sarcophagidae (20 especies) y Muscidae (12 especies). Se registró un 20 % de nuevos taxones para la provincia.","palabras_clave":"Diptera|Caliptratae|Reserva Natural Estricta Otamendi|Argentina"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114585,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Real-time soil moisture control for very high frequency drip irrigation in olive groves","resumen":"This article presents the development and field implementation of a   PC-based drip irrigation feedback controller installed in olive groves.  Capacitive moisture sensors were used to know the moisture in the olive   roots.  Twelve sensors were distributed in the grove and communicated with a   remote PC through an RS-485 network.  A model-based predictive control (MBPC) algorithm determines the amount   of water required for reaching and maintaining over time the moisture   reference level.  The control algorithm integrates several tasks such as: the management   of drip irrigation restrictions, the attention priorities, the   irrigation sequences, the synchronizations between areas, and the water   optimization.  The moisture level is kept close to the reference by means of very high   frequency irrigation.  The controller calculates the opening\/closing time for each valve of the   drip irrigation system.  A Human Machine Interface (HMI) was also designed to configure the   parameters of the process, to show the process information in real time   and to present the historical information.  Trials were carried out in the province of San Juan, Argentina, in an   intensive experimental olive (\u2018Arbequina\u2019) orchard.","palabras_clave":"IRRIGATION CONTROLLER|DRIP IRRIGATION|MOISTURE SENSOR|OLIVE GROVES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114586,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Plant and soil water status behavior under different irrigation strategies in Arbequina cv. Olive orchard","resumen":"The aim of the present work was to evaluate the behaviour of different   plant and soil physiological parameters in order to use them as an olive   irrigation scheduling tool.  Several irrigation treatments, based on regulated deficit irrigation   (RDI) strategies, were applied to a six-year-old high density olive   orchard (\u2018Arbequina\u2019): (T3) RDI from fruit set to harvest, (T2) RDI   during pit hardening period and (T1) fully irrigated as a control.  The soil water content (SWC) was continuously measured with a capacitive   (FDR) sensor in order to manage the irrigation strategies.  Pre-dawn (&#968;pre-dawn), midday (&#968;l) and stem (&#968;stem) water potentials were periodically measured, showing a high correlation among them (R2&gt;0.7). There was a low correlation among the three water potential measurements and the SWC (R2&amp;lt0.4) when the whole stress period was evaluated.  Nevertheless, a few days after the beginning of the T2 treatment a higher correlation (R2=0.60) was observed between &#968;pre-dawn versus SWC. During the same period, &#968;pre-dawn was more sensitive to water deficit indicating that it is the most reliable tool for irrigation scheduling.  However, the high correlation between &#968;pre-dawn\/&#968;l and &#968;pre-dawn\/&#968;stem   and the low vapor pressure deficit (VPD) influence observed in diurnal   measurements on leaf water potential make the use of such diurnal   indicators interesting due to their ease when incorporated into   commercial orchards","palabras_clave":"OLEA EUROPEA L.|WATER POTENTIAL|REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION|SOIL MOISTURE|VAPOR PRESSURE DEFICIT"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114587,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE SOFT-INPUT SOFT-OUTPUT DECODING ALGORITHM FOR LOW-DENSITY PARITY-CHECK CODES","resumen":"A new antilog?sum algorithm for decoding error-correcting codes is described. The soft-input, soft-output (SISO)algorithm uses squared Euclidean distance as the metric, does not require knowledge of the signal-to-noise ratio of thereceived signal and is less complex to implement than other SISO algorithms. The results of simulations show that theperformance is very close to that of the log?sum?product algorithm","palabras_clave":"DECODING|ALGORITHM|LDPC|CODES"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114588,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Insulin modifies aging-related inhibition of 1-stearoyl, 2-achidonoylglycerol phosphorylation  in rat synaptic terminals.","resumen":"The purpose of the present study was to analyze diacylglycerol kinase (DAGK) activity in synapticterminals fromcerebral cortex (CC) and hippocampus (Hp) fromadult (3\u20134month-old) and aged (26\u201328month-old) rats. The effect of insulin through DAGK activity on synaptosomes from adult and aged ratswas also analyzed under conditions favoring saturated or unsaturated phosphatidic acid (PA) formation,using exogenous di-palmitoil glycerol (DPG) or 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol (SAG) as substrates.Results showed that the enzymatic activity preferentially uses SAG as substrate, thus indicating thepresence of e-type DAGK. A signi&#64257;cant decrease in DAGK activity transforming SAG into PA was alsoobserved in both tissues from aged rats.Western blot detection of DAGKe showed that enzyme contentundergoes no changes with aging.[3H] inositol incorporation into phosphoinosites was also analyzed to evaluate the role of DAGKe intheir synthesis. Data obtained from 3H-inositol incorporation into phosphoinositides revealed that insynaptosomes from aged rats phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthesis is lower than in adult animals.Interestingly, in the presence of SAG, PI synthesis was restored to adult values.DAGK activity over SAG was more highly stimulated by insulin in CC and Hp synaptosomes of agedrats with respect to adult rats. On the other hand, insulin exerted a stimulatory effect on PI andphosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate (PI(4)P) synthesis in synaptosomal CC from aged rats. Taken together,our &#64257;ndings indicate that in aged rats insulin triggers a stimulatory mechanism that reverts thediminished synaptosomal ability to synthesize arachidonoyl phosphatidic acid (20:4 PA). The recovery ofthis PA species indicates that insulin positively regulates phosphoinositide synthesis. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","palabras_clave":"AGING|DAGK|SYNAPTIC TERMINALS|DAG"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114589,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"REGULATION OF PHOSPHATIDIC ACID LEVELS  IN TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI","resumen":"&nbsp;Lipid&nbsp; kinases&nbsp; and&nbsp; phosphatases&nbsp; play&nbsp; essential&nbsp; roles&nbsp; in&nbsp; signal&nbsp; transduction&nbsp; processes involved&nbsp; in&nbsp; cytoskeletal&nbsp; rearrangement,&nbsp; membrane&nbsp; trafficking&nbsp; and&nbsp; cellular&nbsp; differentiation.&nbsp; Phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) is an important mediator lipid in eukaryotic cells, but little is known&nbsp; regarding its regulation in the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, an agent of Chagas´ disease. In order&nbsp; to&nbsp; clarify&nbsp; the&nbsp; relationship&nbsp; between&nbsp; PtdOH metabolism&nbsp; and&nbsp; developmental&nbsp; stages&nbsp; of&nbsp; T.&nbsp; cruzi,&nbsp; 6 epimastigotes&nbsp; in&nbsp; culture were&nbsp; subjected&nbsp; to&nbsp; hyperosmotic&nbsp; stress&nbsp; (~1000 mOsm\/L), mimicking&nbsp; the environment in rectum of vector triatomine bugs. These experimental conditions resulted in&nbsp; differentiation&nbsp; to&nbsp; an&nbsp; intermediate&nbsp; form&nbsp; between&nbsp; epimastigotes&nbsp; and&nbsp; trypomastigotes.Morphological&nbsp; changes&nbsp; of&nbsp; epimastigotes&nbsp; were&nbsp; correlated&nbsp; with&nbsp; increased&nbsp; enzyme&nbsp; activity&nbsp; of diacylglycerol&nbsp; kinase&nbsp; (DAGK,&nbsp; E.C.&nbsp; 2.7.1.107)&nbsp; and&nbsp; concomitant&nbsp; decreased&nbsp; activity&nbsp; of phosphatidate phosphatases type 1 and type 2 (PAP1, PAP2, E.C. 3.1.3.4). Our results indicate&nbsp; progressive&nbsp; increases&nbsp; of&nbsp; PtdOH&nbsp; levels&nbsp; during&nbsp; the&nbsp; differentiation&nbsp; process,&nbsp; and&nbsp; suggest&nbsp; that regulation&nbsp; of&nbsp; PtdOH metabolism&nbsp; is&nbsp; an&nbsp; important mechanism&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; transition&nbsp; from&nbsp; T.&nbsp; cruzi.","palabras_clave":"phosphatidic acid|Trypanosoma cruzi|PA levels|PA metabolism"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114590,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Killer phenotype of indigenous yeasts isolated from Argentinian wine cellars and their potential starter cultures for winemaking","resumen":"Of 31 yeasts, from different surfaces of two cellars from the northwest region of Argentina, 11 expressed killer activity against the sensitive strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae P351. Five of these killer yeasts were identi&#64257;ed as S. cerevisiae by phenotypic tests and PCR-RFLP analysis. Two S. cerevisiae killer strains, Cf5 and Cf8, were selected based on their excellent kinetic and enological properties as potential autochthonous mixed starter cultures to be used during wine fermentation. They could dominate the natural microbiota in fermentation vats and keep the typical sensorial characteristics of the wine of this region.","palabras_clave":"KILLER|YEAST|SACCHAROMYCES|WINE"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114591,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GREENBUG POPULATIONS FROM ARGENTINA AND CHILE BASED ON ENZYME VARIABILITY","resumen":"Twenty-nine Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) populations and sixty clones collected from very contrasting regions of Argentina and Chile were investigated electrophoretically. A high degree of enzymatic polymorphism was found. The enzymatic structure was described for the esterase system, finding nine different loci. Latitudinal stratification wasdetermined and populations were associated into three groups, according to 84 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 70 (1-2): 83-92, 2011the latitude they were collected from. The 90% of loci resulted polymorphic in the first group and 100% of loci were polymorphic in the rest. Observed heterozygosity was lower than expected. No group had fixed alleles according to Fsr values; group one had a slight heterozygous excess, while the other groups showed slight positive Fsr values, because there was a homozygous excess. According to Frt, the third group showed the highest value that was in concordance with the highest gene flow value. Three populations could not be included in any group. The &#945;-carboxyl-esterase was always present, also in clones and populations which were located in non agricultural zones,implicating that the insecticide resistance is well spread throughout theArgentinean and Chilean territory. No relationship was found between theenzymatic patterns and the biotype or with the host species where the aphids were collected from.","palabras_clave":"Schizaphis graminum|Enzyme|Genetic flow|Genetic structure"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114592,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Diuraphis noxia: reproductive behaviour in Argentina","resumen":"Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Rhynchota Aphididae) is an important aphid pest of wheat and barley crops in many countries. Populations of Russian wheat aphid (RWA) from different origins show different reproductive behaviour, but the situation in Argentina was unknown. The aim of the current research was to determine the reproductive behaviour of RWA in Argentina based on samples from populations at six different localities with contrasting land use, altitude and climate. RWA were collected from cultivated and wild grasses from February to December 2005, and 10-15 colonies of aphids were established by collecting parthenogenetic adult females from each population. These colonies were kept under natural conditions at La Plata (36?\u203936?Œ South Latitude) from 21 December 2005 to 21 December 2007. In more than half of the colonies, oviparous females and eggs were recorded in both years when temperatures were low and the photoperiod either short or increasing and relatively long. Consequently, oviparous females and eggs were recorded from early autumn (April) until the following spring (October), when day length was 11:33 and 13:44 hours, respectively. In both years the temperature and the altitude at the place of origin were highly correlated with the timing of sexual development. The production of eggs enables RWA to survive periods of adverse conditions and generate variability. Thus, by reproducing sexually, RWA may be able to adapt to new environmental conditions and give rise to new, more aggressive biotypes, which can overcome the current resistant varieties of wheat. ","palabras_clave":"Diuraphis noxia|Russian wheat aphid|Sexual reproduction|Temperature|Photoperiod|Altitude"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114593,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Improving silica matrices for encapsulation of Escherichia coli using osmoprotectors","resumen":"The development of sol-gel based processes for the encapsulation of living cells is a challenging task where the host material must be optimized both in terms of intrinsic properties and impact on cell viability. Here, the mechanical stability of silica hosts obtained via a mixed aqueous route based on sodium silicate-silica nanoparticles mixtures could be improved by increasing the relative content of molecular precursors over colloidal silica. The specific surface area, pore volume and diffusion properties of the host were also modified. Moreover, this resulted in an increase in ionic strength, inducing high osmolarity that is detrimental to encapsulated Escherichia coli bacteria. Glycine betaine, a well-know E. coli osmoprotector, could be successfully used as an additive to the sol-gel formulation to limit this osmotic stress. Compared to the previously-studied glycerol additive, glycine betaine was found more efficient to preserve bacteria viability. Moreover, this efficiency was obtained with much lower amounts of glycine betaine, whose addition has therefore no detrimental impact on the silica host structure.&nbsp; These data provide new information about the different cellular stresses resulting from the sol-gel encapsulation process and demonstrate the importance of combining chemical and biological approaches to design more robust functional \u201Cliving\u201D materials. ","palabras_clave":"silica matrix|bacteria encapsulation|osmoprotectors"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114594,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"CeO2 nanoparticles for the protection of photosynthetic organisms immobilized in silica gels","resumen":"Synthetic cytocompatible CeO2 nanoparticles embedded in transparent   silica hydrogels are useful for creating inorganic supports favoring the   long-term entrapment of living Chlorella vulgaris cells. The key    protective role of nanoparticles is twofold: (1) They e&#64259;ciently  absorb   harmful UV radiation without scattering the useful visible one. (2) They   limit oxidative stress damage, such as that induced by H2O2, thanks to   the surface redox Ce3+-Ce4+ reactivity of nanoparticles.","palabras_clave":"bio-materials|bio-mimetic materials|nanomaterials|nanoparticles"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114595,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"Improving bacteria viability in metal oxide hosts via an alginate-based hybrid approach","resumen":"A two-step process relying on cell encapsulation in alginate beads followed by inorganic gelation fromcolloidal metal oxides was successfully applied to the immobilization of Escherichia coli bacteria in thepresence of boehmite and zirconium oxyhydroxide particles. In the case of the Al-based gel, the alginatebead obtained at low biopolymer content provides an efficient barrier against the encapsulation stress.In contrast, an increase in the alginate concentration together with the phosphate-inducedmineralization of the biopolymer bead is found necessary to maintain the viability of entrappedbacteria in Zr-based gels. Diffusion studies using model molecular and colloidal species put in evidencethat positively charged Zr-oligomers and ZrO2 nanoparticles may be involved in the cytotoxicity of theprecursor solution. This optimization of the encapsulation process allows the first observation of E. coligrowth within such metal oxide\u2013alginate hybrid gels. Results presented in this work give a clearevidence that sol\u2013gel based cell encapsulation can now be envisioned within a wide variety of metaloxide hosts through the optimization of the pre-encapsulation environment.","palabras_clave":"zirconia|alumina|hydrogel|whole-cell encapsulation"},{"tipo_produccion_id":1,"anio_publica":2011,"producto_id":114596,"idioma_id":4,"titulo":"The Viscosity of Glycerol Water Mixtures Including the Supercooled Region","resumen":"The dynamic viscosity of water, glycerol, and its mixtures over a wide range of temperatures, including the supercooled region, was calculated restorting to several predictive approaches and compared to published data.&nbsp; The temperature dependence of the viscosity of the pure components can be described within the experimental error using different empirical equations.&nbsp; However, the best fit is obtained by the Avramov-Milchev equation, taking into account that this equation has only two adjustable parameters.The same model was also used to describe the viscosity of the mixtures over the entire range of temperatures and compositions where experimental data are available, and to extrapolate the viscosities of the mixtures at temperatures close to the glass transition. We calculated the viscosities of glycerol-water mixtures, over the entire range of compositions, between (238.15 K and 273.15) K. The agreement with experimental data in the stable liquid region is very good, what makes our predictions in the supercooled region fairly reliable. The analysis of the glycerol-water mixtures reveals that, in contrast to that previously found in other aqueous polyol solutions such as sucrose and trehalose, the temperature and composition dependence of the viscosity cannot be descri